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974.801 
L22E, 
PT2 


\    '        ^.j    HISTOEY         ,   J 

I  OF  '  "  ■  ' 

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LANCASTEE  COUNTY 

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I  WITH  .  .  .-C        .    .;■'  ■! 

i  -  '   "     '^  ■  '       ' 

:         BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES 


OK    MANY    OF    ITS 


Pioneers  and  Prominent  Men. 


FRANKLIN      y  J.  L^I  S                       jV            .  •  ^ 

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PHILADELPHIA:                         ;'-;'.;     '-/--*   :  .^  :'_  t^  i 

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BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


1760640 


517 


Old  Taverns. — When  John  Wright  procured  a 
charter  for  his  ferry,  he  erected  a  tavern,  which  stood 
on  the  north  side  of  Locust  Street,  opposite  the  depot 
of  the  Reading  and  Columbia  Railroad,  in  the  year 
1730.  It  was  built  of  logs,  two  stories  high,  with  a 
large  room  at  either  end,  with  a  passage-way  between. 
John  Wright,  Jr.,  was  the  first  person  who  kept  this 
tavern.  He  remained  thereuntil  he  married,  in  1734, 
when  he  removed  to  the  western  side  of  the  ferry, 
where  he  built  a  hotel. 

Col.  John  Lowden,  of  Revolutionary  fame,  kept 
the  Ferry  House  prior  to  the  war.  He  was  the  son 
of  Richard  Lowden,  who  married  John  Wright's 
daughter.  He  removed  to  Buffalo  Valley,  upon  the 
West  Branch  of  the  Susquehanna,  from  which  place 
he  raised  a  company  of  volunteers  and  marched  to 
Boston  in  1776. 

Joseph  Jetfries  came  from  Quaker  stock  in  Chester 
County.  He  removed  from  there,  about  the  year 
1774,  to  Hellam  township,  York  Co.,  where  he  kept 
the  Ferry  House.  He  was  wagon-master  for  York 
County  during  the  Revolutionary  war,  and  at  its 
close,  in  1783,  he  removed  to  the  east  side  of  the 
ferry  and  took  charge  of  the  Ferry  House.  He  re- 
mained there  until  the  year  1794-95,  when  the  heirs 
of  James  Wright  erected  a  new  brick  hotel  near  the 
northern  line  of  their  property,  the  site  of  which  is 
now  occupied  by  the  round-house  of  the  Pennsylvania  | 
Railroad  Company,  when  he  took  charge  of  the  new  [ 
hotel.  He  removed  to  Lancaster,  where  he  also  kept 
hotel. 

Frederick  Stump  first  settled  at  Vinegar's  Ferry 
above  Marietta,  after  he  came  to  this  country  from 
Germany.  On  account  of  malarial  fever,  wliich  was 
then  prevailing  among  the  settlers  along  the  river,  he 
removed  to  Maytown,  where  he  commenced  to  keep 
tavern  about  the  close  of  the  Revolutionary  war. 
From  theuce  he  removed  to  Columbia  in  1796,  and 
rented  the  Ferry  House  and  ferry.  On  the  14th  day  of 
February,  1798, he  purchased twoacresand  LotsNos.l, 
2,  and  3,  which  adjoined  the  first-named  tract  on  the 
south,  and  all  the  boats  belonging  to  the  ferry,  from 
Samuel  Wright  for  the  sum  of  two  thousand  eight 
hundred  pounds.  The  hotel,  which  was  new,  stood 
on  Lot  No.  1.  The  two  acres  mentioned  Mr.  Stump 
sold  to  Samuel  Miller,  who  laid  the  same  out  into  lots. 
The  ferry  was  the  most  profitable  one  on  the  tiver. 
He  purchased  the  extensive  brewery  on  West  King 
Street  west  of  the  Stevens  House  in  Lancaster  City, 
which  he  afterwards  sold  to  C.  Barnitz,  of  York,  Pa. 
He  also  purchased  a  large  number  of  lots  in  Columbia. 
He  died  in  Columbia  in  1804.  His  widow  and  Sam- 
uel Evans,  administrators  of  his  estate,  sold  the  hotel 
and  other' property  to  Samuel  Miller,  who  rented  the 
hold  and  ferry  to  Joshua  Ring.  He  also  ran  a  line 
of  stages  from  Lancaster  to  York. 

Mr.  Miller  sold  the  hotel  aiid  ferry-boats  to  Thomas 
Brooks  Feb.  14,  181.4.  The  latter  died  before  he  ob- 
tained possession  of  the  property.     His  administra- 


tors, William  and  Amos  Green,  offered  the  property 
at  public  sale  on  the  24th  day  of  December,  1814. 
While  the  vendue  was  in  progress,  John  Reynolds 
(father  of  Gen.  Reynolds,  who  was  killed  at  Gettys- 
burg in' 1863)  and  Jasper  Slaymaker,  a  young  lawyer 
of  Lancaster,  while  on  their  way  to  Marietta,  and 
when  passing  called  out  to  the  crier,  "Six  thousand 
seven  hundred  dollars !"  They  thought  nothing  more 
of  the  matter,  but  received  notice  that  they  were  the 
highest  bidders.  And  thus  they  became  the  owners 
of  the  "  Ferry  House."  They  held  this  property  for 
twenty  years.  The  erection  of  the  bridge  over  the 
river  destroyed  its  profits.  They  sold  the  property 
to  John  Guy,  the  famous  hotel-keeper  of  Baltimore. 
He  was  born  on  the  Eastern  Shore  of  Maryland.  He 
removed  to  this  county  in  1815  and  leased  the  Wash- 
ington Hotel  at  Big  Cliikis,  where  the  Lancaster 
and  Mount  Joy  turnpike  crosses  the  same.  He  also 
established  a  line  of  stages,  which  ran  between  Lan- 
caster and  Harrisburg.  From  thence  he  removed  to 
Marietta  and  kept  hotel  in  the  large  brick  building 
adjoining  Abraham  N.  Cassell.  He  purchased  a  farm 
a  mile  farther  east,  along  the  Lancaster  and  Marietta 
turnpike,  from  whence  he  removed  to  Columbia. 
His  daughter,  Ann,  married  the  late  Maj.  Frederick 
Haines,  of  Donegal.  The  hotel  was  afterwards  pur- 
chased by  Joseph  Black,  and  was  thenceforth  called 
Black's  Hotel.  After  his  decease  it  was  purchased  by 
his  son,  Joseph  H.  Black,  who,  by  his  integrity  and 
good  management,  built  up  a  very  profitable  busi- 
ness. He  sold  the  property  to  the  Pennsylvania  Rail- 
road Company.  Their  "  round-house"  occupies  the 
spot  where  this  famous  hostelry  stood. 

The  "  Sorrel-Horse  Hotel"  was  built  by  Joseph  Jef- 
fries, who  had  been  keeping  the  hotel  upon  the  west- 
ern side  of  the  river.  It  stood  at  the  corner  of  Walnut 
and  Front  Streets,  the  site  of  which  is  now  occupied 
by  the  passenger  depot  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad 
Company.  It  remained  in  possession  of  the  Jeft'ries 
until  1835,  when  Frank  Boggs,  who  married  Maria 
JeUries,  purchased  the  property  and  enlarged  it  at 
the  northern  side.  After  the  death  of  Mr.  Boggs 
the  property  was  leased  by  Chip.  Parsons,  Mrs.  Ann 
Haines,  and  that  prince  of  landlords,  John  Burr. 

On  the  opposite  corner,  adjoining  the  store  of 
Houston,  Barber  &  Gossler,  the  Washington  Hotel 
was  built  by  Jacob  Gossler,  who  removed  the  old 
frame  building,  and  erected  a  three-story  brick  addi- 
tion fifty-one  years  ago.  He  was  followed  by  Daniel 
Herr  and  Joseph  H.  Black,  and  it  is  now  owned  by  the 
latter.  The  reputation  of  the  house  has  always  been 
"No.  1." 

For  a  period  of  forty  years  after  the  town  was  laid 
out,  the  principal  street  through  which  wagons  passed 
to  the  ferry  was  Walnut  Street.  Hence  there  were 
several  hotels  along  that  thoroughfare  which  did  a 
large  business.  There  has  been  no  hotel  on  that 
street  for  many  years.  The  large  brick  building  now 
owned  by  Cul.  McClure  was  owned  by  Charles  Odell. 


548 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Joshua  Ring  also  kept  the  tavern.  Occasionally  a 
wandering  theatrical  troupe  gave  performances  at 
this  hotel. 

Reuben  MuUison  kept  the  hotel  on  the  east  side  of 
Commerce  Street.  He  was  also  largely  interested, 
with  the  late  Thomas  Collins  and  others,  in  several 
stage  lines  and  was  a  railroad  contractor.  When  he 
first  came  to  Columbia  he  ran  the  river  in  the  spring 
of  the  year  as  a  pilot.  He  was  a  very  active  citizen. 
His  daughter  married  Thomas  A.  Scott,  the  great 
railroad  magnate. 

Charles  Odell  came  from  the  State  of  New  York 
and  settled  in  Marietta,  where  he  remained  one  or 
two  years.  He  married  Miss  Lockard,  of  Hempfield, 
and  removed  to  Columbia,  and  took  charge  of  the 
hotel  west  of  Mullison's. 

The  "  Black  Horse  Tavern,"  at  the  corner  of  Fourth 
and  Walnut  Streets,  was  kept  by  one  Getz  originally. 
He  was  follo^ved  by  Henry  Knight. 

Jacob  Corapfort  kept  the  brick  hotel  on  Locust 
Street,  on  the  east  side  of  the  Reading  and  Columbia 
Railroad  depot. 

James  Sweeny  kept  tavern  in  a  frame  house  which 
stood  back  from  Locust  Street  fifteen  or  twenty  yards, 
upon  ground  which  is  now  occupied  by  the  '"  Franklin 
House." 

"The  Lamb  Tavern"  was  torn  down  a  few  years 
ago  to  make  room  for  the  Columbia  National  Bank, 
on  Locust  Street,  between  Second  and  Third  Streets. 
It  was  a  noted  tavern  in  its  time.  There  was  a  large 
yard  attached  to  this  property  into  which  wagons 
could  be  driven,  which  made  it  a  desirable  place  for 
teamsters  to  stop  over  night.  The  Kendricks,  Bink- 
ley,  and  Michael  Streiu  (and  his  son,  Jacob,  many 
years  after  him)  kept  this  tavern. 

Ezekiel  Cook  came  from  Little  Britain  township 
about  the  year  1812,  and  first  kept  tavern  in  the  frame 
house,  of  which  the  Franklin  Hotel  is  the  successor,  on 
Locust  Street,  near  Bank  Alley.  He  removed  to  Ma- 
rietta, where  he  kept  tavern  a  few  years,  when  he  re- 
turned to  Columbia  again,  where  he  died  fifty  or  more 
years  ago.  He  was  a  candidate  for  sheriff  in  1827, 
but  was  defeated. 

The  "  Washington  Hotel"  was  built  by  Jacob  Goss- 
ler.  He  was  the  son  of  Philip  Gossler,  who  removed 
from  York  to  Columbia  about  the  year  1798  and  estab- 
lished a  coal-  and  lumber-yard.  His  son,'  Jacob, 
married  Miss  Stump,  daughter  of  Frederick  Stump, 
wlio  owned  the  ferry  and  Ferry-House.  He  dealt 
largely  in  real  estate.  Tliere  were  I'ewer  changes  in 
the  ownership  or  management  of  this  hotel  than  in 
any  of  the  others. 

Tiie  "  Pine  Creek  Hotel"  was  kept  by  Mr.  Withers 
fifty-five  years  ago,  who  was  succeeded  by  the  late 
Cornelius  Tyson.  It  is  located  on  Front  Street  below 
Union. 

Brown's  tavern  was  kept  by  Jeremiah  Brown,  who 
came  from  Little  Britain,  seventy  years  ago. 

The  "Swan  Hotel"  was  built  by  Samuel  Eberleiu 


eighty  years  ago.  It  stood  on  the  north  side  of  Locust 
Street,  near  the  Columbia  National  Bank. 

Moses  Montgomery  built  a  frame  tavern  on  the 
north  side  of  Locust  Street  above  Third  Street  eighty 
years'  ago.  He  had  been  in  the  Irish  Rebellion,  and 
came  to  4nierica  about  the  year  1799,  and  settled  in 
Columbia.  He  raised  a  company  of  volunteers  in 
1812,  and  was  preparing  to  go  into  the  field  when 
he  got  into  a  scuffle  with  Paul  Wolf,  who  shot 
through  a  window  at  a  candle  in  liis  house  out  of  pure 
mischief.  He  was  thrown  upon  a  pile  of  rails  in  front 
of  the  tavern,  and  had  his  collar-bone  broken. 

In  the  early  history  of  the  place  "  cherry  fairs" 
and  "harvest  homes"  were  quite  common.  They 
frequently  lasted  several  days.  These  were  profitable 
seasons  for  the  landlords. 

Old  Grist-Mills.  —  The  little  corn  or  grist-mill 
which  stood  on  the  north  side  of  Shawanese  Run, 
a  few  hundred  yards  above  its  mouth,  was  built  of 
.stone,  two  stories  high,  and  about  twenty-five  feet 
square,  in  the  year  1735.  It  was  erected  upon  land  of 
John  Wright,  and  built  by  his  son,  James,  and  Samuel 
Blunston,  the  old  pioneer  settler.  The  stream  was 
not  large,  but  there  was  ample  fall  to  turn  an  "over- 
shot" wheel  of  more  than  twenty  feet  in  diameter, 
which  gave  all  the  power  required  to  drive  the 
machinery  long  enough  to  grind  the  grists  of  the 
pioneer  settlers. 

Samuel  Blunston  made  his  will  in  1745,  and  de- 
vised to  James  Wright  one-half  of  the  "corn-  and 
grist-mill."  This  little  mill  ran  day  and  night  in 
the  spring  of  1755,  grinding  flour  for  Braddock's 
army,  and  in  1758  for  Gen.  Forbes'  army.  The  flour 
was  packed  in  kegs  and  carried  on  pack-horses  over 
the  mountains  to  Fort  Bedford.  And  upon  several 
other  occasions  the  colonial  authorities  called  upon 
James  Wright  to  supply  flour  for  the  use  of  the  asso- 
ciated companies  of  rangers  along  the  frontiers,  and 
to  supply  the  vagrant  Indians  at  Turkey  Hill. 

This  mill  and  land  belonging  to  it  descended  to  Sam- 
uel Wright,  the  oldest  son  of  James,  and  the  founder 
of  Columbia,  who  conveyed  it  to  his  brother,  John, 
who  laid  out  that  part  of  Columbia  called  "John 
Wright's  addition"  in  the  year  1788.  On  April  1, 
1807,  James  Wright,  Jr.,  son  of  John,  sold  the  mill, 
shad-fishery,  and  filteen  acres  of  land  to  John  Halde- 
man,  who  sold  the  same,  April  14,  1812,  to  Rudy  Herr, 
of  Manor  township,  for  six  thousand  seven  hundred 
and  fifty  pounds.  Jacob  Strickler  and  his  brother-in- 
law,  George  Weaver,  purchased  this  mill  about  the 
year  1818  from  Rudy  Herr.  They  tore  down  the  old 
stone  mill  and  built  one  of  brick  at  the  corner  of 
Mill  and  Front  Streets.  It  afterwards  came  into  pos- 
session of  William  Atkins,  Jonathan  Pusey,  George 
Bogle,  and  is  now  owned  by  McBride  and  Maulfnir, 
who  have  introduced  new  machinery,  and  manufac- 
ture "  new  process"  flour.  The  mill  is  almost  wholly 
run  by  steam  power. 

The  Fairview  Grist-Mill  is  located  on  the  north 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


549 


bank  of  Barber's  Run  near  its  mouth,  at  the  south-  j 
em  boundary  line  of  tlie  borough.     This  mill  was  i 
'built  by  James  Barber,  son  of  Robert  Barber,   the  I 
pioneer  settler,  about  1780.     On  the  7th  day  of  May,  | 
1791,  William   Barber,  Esq.,  of  York,  and  oldest  son 
of  James,  sold  the  mill  and  fifty-seven  acres  of  land 
to  Judge  William  A.  Atlee,  of  Lancaster,  who  resided  ' 
in  the  mansion  which  stood  where  E.  K.  Smith,  Esq.,  ' 
resides.     This  property  was  sold  by  order  of  the  Or-  j 
phans'  Court.     On  the  28th  day  of  August,  1795,  Al- 
exander Scott,  Esq.,  and  Mary,  his  wife,  sold  the  one- 
half  to  Alexander  Anderson,  who  was  sold  out  by 
■Sheriff  Michael  Rine  May   15,  1801,  and  purchased 
i  by  James  and  William  Miller.     On  the  11th  day  of 
j  August,  1801,  James  Miller,  merchant,  of  Philadel- 
Iphia,    and  William  Miller,  of  Washington   County, 
I  Pa.,  and   Alexander   Anderson,  of  Lancaster,   con- 
',  veyed  the  property  to  John  Haldeman,  of  Donegal,  i 
land  Jacob  Strickler,  of  Hempfield.     Mr.  Haldeman  [ 
'sold  his  interest  to  Mr.  Strickler,  from  whom  it  went 
'to  his  son,  Jacob,  and  the  latter's  son-in-law,  Ephraim 
Hershey,  who  sold  to  Samuel  Truscott,  Michael  Shu-  1 
man,  and  J.  W.  Stacy,  who  now  own  it.  1 

The  first  saw-mill  erected  at  Columbia  or  neighbor- 
hood was  built  by  Robert  Barber,  the  pioneer  settler 
in  1727,  in  the  meadow  boluw  his  dwelling,  which 
stood  near  Kauffman's  stone-quarries.  There  is  noth- 
ing now  left  of  it. 

Shad  Fisheries.— There  were  but  three  shad  fish- 
eries along  the  shore  prior  to  the  erection  of  the  dam 
across  the  river.  The  first  one  established  was  at  or 
.near  the  ferry,  in  front  of  the  public  ground,  and 
ibelonged  to  James  Wright  and  his  lieirs.  After  his 
death,  when  the  property  came  to  be  divided,  in  1788, 
his  son,  John  Wriglit,  established  a  fishery  near  tlie 
mouth  of  Shawanese  Run,  which  was  sold  with  the 
Shawanese  mill  properly. 

Robert  Barber  also  liad  a  fishery  opposite  his  land 
below  John  Wright's.  The  entire  shore  in  front  of 
the  town  was  well  adapted  for  fishing  with  a  drag 
seine.  The  shore  sloped  gradually,  and  there  was  a 
gravel  bottom. 

j  Mifilin's  Island,  across  which  the  old  bridge  ran, 
j  had  a  profitable  fishery  on  the  west  side.  It  was 
I  owned  by  James  Mifilin,  Esq. 

I  The  erection  of  a  dam  across  the  river  in  1838,  to 
j  form  a  pool  to  float  boats  to  the  mouth  of  the  Susque- 
;  hanna  and  Tide-Water  Canal  etfectually  destroyed  all 
of  the  fisheries  above  that  point. 

Post-Office  andPostmasters. ^Joseph  Smith  came 
to  Columbia  about  179.3,  and  opened  a  store,  in  con- 
nection with  James  Wright,  in  the  lower  room  of  the 
old  Ferry  House,  which  stood  on  the  north  side  of 
Locust  Street,  near  Front.  \  post-oflice  was  estab- 
lished at  Columbia  in  1797,  and  Mr.  Smith  was  ap- 
pointed the  first  postmaster.  The  receipts  of  the 
I  office  for  the  year  1799  were  $10.44.  He  was  the 
eighth  child  of  Col.  RoTjert  Smith,  of  Chester  County,  | 
and  was  born  Sept.  24,  1770.     He  removed  to  Phila-  I 


delphia  in  1802,  where  he  embarked  in  the  iron  and 
shipping  business.  He  died  on  his  farm  at  "  Steam- 
boat Hotel,"  in  Chester  County,  Dec.  18,  1845.  He 
left  several  children  surviving  him,  to  wit :  Persifer 
Frazer  Smith,  Esq.,  late  reporter  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Pennsylvania,  and  a  distinguished  mem- 
ber of  the  Chester  County  bar;  Elizabeth;  Rhoda; 
Vaughan,  a  daughter,  married  Rev.  Riley,  of  Mon- 
trose; Joseph  Smith  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Col. 
Persifer  Frazer  and  Mary  Worrall  Taylor,  who  was 
the  granddaughter  of  Isaac  Taylor,  the  surveyor  of 
Chester  County.  Mr.  Smith  and  Frazer  were  the 
progenitors  of  a  number  of  distinguished  military  and 
civil  officers. 

William  P.  Beatty  was  appointed  postmaster  by 
President  John  Adams  in  1802.  He  was  the  sou  of 
Rev.  Charles  Beatty  (of  Log  College  memory)  and 
Ann  Reading,  daughter  of  Governor  Reading,  of  New 
Jersey.  He  was  born  in  Neshaminy,  in  Bucks  County, 
March  31,  1706,  and  died  in  Philadelphia,  July  28, 
1848.  When  Jefferson  was  elected  President  another 
postmaster  was  appointed.  In  1825  he  was  appointed 
postmaster  under  President  John  Quiney  Adams, 
which  ofl5ce  he  held  for  twelve  years. 

John  Mathiot  was  appointed  postmaster  in  1807, 
and  retained  the  position  until  he  was  elected  sheriff 
of  the  county  in  1818.  His  father,  John,  was  a  Hu- 
guenot, and  came  from  France  to  Lancaster  about 
the  beginning  of  the  Revolution.  He  removed  to 
Columbia  in  1798,  and  opened  a  dry-goods  and 
grocery-store  in  connection  with  Michael  Gundecker, 
of  Lancaster,  in  the  brick  building  he  erected  on 
Walnut  Street,  adjoining  Bank  Alley.  While  hunt- 
ing upon  Mifttin  Island,  above  the  bridge,  he  was  ac- 
cidentally shot  by  a  friend  and  killed  about  the  year 
1804.  His  son  John,  as  stated,  was  elected  sheriff  in 
1818,  although  a  Democrat,  whose  party  was  then  in 
a  minority  in  the  county.  The  Wrights,  who  were 
Federalists,  all  united  in  his  support.  He  was  elected 
mayor  of  Lancaster  in  1831,  and  re-elected  eleven 
times.  He  died  Jan.  22,  1843,  aged  fifty-eight  years. 
In  the  year  1807  the  quarterly  receipts  of  the  office 
were  fifteen  dollars,  and  for  the  year  1815  they  were 
from  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  to  one  hundred 
and  fifty  dollars.  Although  he  was  not  subject  to 
military  duty,  he  procured  a  horse  and  marched  with 
Capt.  Jacob  Strickler's  company  to  Kennet  Square, 
in  1812,  expecting  to  be  mustered  into  the  service  of 
the  United  States.  Owing  to  some  informality  they 
were  not  mustered,  and  the  company  returned  to  Co- 
lumbia. 

Philip  Eberman,  a  brother-in-law  of  John  Mathiot, 
was  appointed  postmaster  in  the  fall  of  1818,  and  re- 
tained the'position  until  he  was  succeeded  by  William 
P.  Beatty,  in  182.'j. 

In  1837,  Dr.  F.  A.  Thomas  was  appointed  post- 
master under  the  administration  of  Martin  Van 
Buren. 

Guilford   G.  Claiborne  was  appointed  postmaster 


550 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


under  Gen.  Harrison's  administration  iu  tlie  spring 
of  1841.  But  for  an  accident  he  probably  would  not 
have  received  the  appointment. 

After  it  was  known  in  Columbia  that  Gen.  William 
H.  Harrison  was  elected  President,  in  November, 
1840,  the  Anti-Masons  and  Whigs  of  that  place  con- 
cluded that  they  would  celebrate  the  event  by  firing 
a  salute  with  a  cannon  in  honor  of  the  event,  in  the 
orchard  of  John  L.  Wright,  between  Second  and 
Third  Streets  and  Alleys  "  J"  and  "  K."  During  the 
night  before  this  was  to  take  place  some  person 
spiked  the  cannon  with  a  rat-tail  file.  When  the 
time  came  to  fire  the  salute  there  was  great  disap- 
pointment among  the  friends  of  Gen.  Harrison.  Col. 
Amos  S.  Green,  Mr.  Claiborne,  and  others,  after 
■working  for  more  than  an  hour,  succeeded  in  getting 
out  the  file,  and  proceeded  to  announce  the  fact  by 
firing  the  cannon  in  rapid  succession.  After  firing  it 
three  times,  and  Mr.  Claiborne  and  William  Dickey 
were  forcing  a  wadding  of  sod  down  upon  the  powder, 
a  boy  attempted  to  jump  or  run  across  in  front  of  the 
cannon,  when  he  fell.  Abraham  Myers,  who  had  his 
thumb  upon  the  touch-hole,  raised  it,  when  the  charge 
went  off  prematurely  when  Claiborne  and  Dickey  had 
hold  of  the  ramrod.  The  former  had  his  arm  shat- 
tered, which  had  to  be  amputated  above  the  elbow. 
Dickey  was  knocked  insensible,  but  recovered.  There 
was  a  great  deal  of  sympathy  for  Mr.  Claiborne.  He 
was  appointed  postmaster,  a  position  he  retained  for 
twelve  years.  He  was  succeeded  by  A.  P.  Modernell 
in  1853,  who  died  while  in  commission,  and  his  widow 
succeeded  him,  and  held  the  position  until  1861,  when 
Henry  H.  Fry  was  appointed  under  President  Lin- 
coln's administration.  He  also  died  while  in  com- 
mission, and  his  widow  was  appointed  to  succeed  him, 
and  retained  the  position  for  twelve  years,  when  Henry 
Mullen  was  appointed,  and  is  now  the  postmaster. 
He  enlisted  in  the  "  Cookman  Rangers"  in  April, 
1861,  and  marched  to  Camp  Curtin,  mustered  into  the 
United  States  service  in  Co.  K,  Fifth  Regiment  Penn- 
sylvania Reserves,  on  the  21st  of  June,  1861  ;  was 
appointed  quartermaster-sergeant  of  that  regiment  in 
November,  1861 ;  served  three  years,  and  was  in  all  of 
the  battles  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  After  the 
expiration  of  his  term  of  service,  on  the  6th  of  June, 
1864,  he  re-enlisted  as  a  veteran,  and  was  appointed 
first  lieutenant  of  Co.  A,  One  Hundred  and  Ninety- 
first  Regiment  of  Pennsylvania  Volunteers.  He  was 
taken  prisoner  at  Weldon  Railroad,  below  Petersburg, 
Va.,  on  the  19th  day  of  August,  1864,  and  was  im- 
prisoned at  Libby,  Va.,  Salisbury,  N.  C,  and  Dan- 
ville, Va.,  where  he  remained  till  March  22,  1865. 
He  was'  mustered  out  with  the  company  June  28, 
1645.  The  business  of  the  office  fur  the  year  ending 
in  July,  1883,  amounted  to  iJ7822.88. 

Taxable  Inhabitants  in  1814-15,-The  size  of 
the  town  during  the  war  of  1812  is  uppro.xiiiiately 
shown  by  the  following  list  of  ta.xable  inhabitants, 
most  of  whom  were  heads  of  families  : 


JVe<AoMer>-. 

Rolert  Barber. 

Mary  Jeffries. 

Hester  Broonilield. 

Martha  Jones. 

^Villjani  P.  Be;itty. 

Elizabeth  Jones. 

Emor  Jeffries'  estate. 

Ezra  Breece. 

William  Kirkwood. 

Thonws  B»rllett. 

Isaac  Kendrlck. 

Olirist.  Beur. 

John  Karne. 

Joli.i  Brown. 

Peter  Livergood. 

John  Barber. 

Israel  Lloyd. 

JoliuBrumfield. 

William  Liston. 

Peter  Burns,  Sr. 

Charles  Lockard. 

Christian  Bronneman. 

John  Lfvergood. 

Christiarj  Brenufuuiu,  Sr. 

John  I.Jckard. 

Joseph  Boyd,  gnuamith. 

James  Little. 

Thomas  Bircli. 

William  Ladley.      , 

Thomas  Doude. 

Lewis  Lowman'a  estate. 

Samuel  Belhel. 

Jacob  Lightheiser. 

Bernard  Brown. 

Jacob  Long. 

Henry  Brnbaker. 

Thomas  Lloyd. 

James  Bogle, 

Samuel  Miller. 

Jesse  Burroll. 

Samuel  McNeil. 

Kobert  Boyd. 

Henry  Martin. 

William  Cox. 

Moses  Montgomery. 

James  Clyde. 

Anthony  McElwaln. 

C.lvin  Cooper. 

John  Mellon. 

Widow  CrossDisn. 

Jonathan  Mifflin. 

PatiickCiirn,-y. 

Joseph  Miffl.n. 

Janjes  Collins. 

James  E.  Mifflin. 

Al.-ah.mi  Correll. 

William  McManamy. 

John  Dicks. 

John  Mathiot. 

Martin  DurreU. 

John  Mathiofs  estate. 

Christian  Diltwiler. 

Robert  Magill. 

Joseph  Ditlwiler. 

Daniel  Mnsser. 

Thomas  Dominick. 

Hugh  McCorkle. 

John  Davy. 

John  MclCissick.. 

John  Evans. 

James  McClean. 

John  Eberlein. 

George  Nicholas. 

Joseph  Evai.s,  Esq. 

Robert  I'atton. 

Charles  Evans. 

Cuapor  Peters. 

Michael  Elder. 

George  Peters. 

Widow  Elwea. 

Martin  Kohrer's  estate. 

Anthony  Ellmaker. 

Joel  Ricl.aidson. 

Daniel  Floiy. 

John  Roth's  estate. 

Jaeob  Forry. 

Widow  Rhinehart. 

Kobert  Fnllerton. 

Joseph  Klchardson. 

Samuel  Fipps. 

John  Snyder. 

John  Foriy,  Jr. 

Henry  Snmmy. 

Jonathan  Findley. 

James  Sweeny. 

Jacob  Gossler. 

David  Sherrick. 

Philip  Gossler. 

PL. lip  Snyder. 

William  Green. 

Wniiam  SraaUwood. 

John  Gonter,  Jr. 

Darnel  Spring. 

Dr.  Thu.i.as  G.lffilh. 

Willi.im  Vickory. 

William  Gillaoby. 

Thomas  L.  Wilson. 

Evan  Green. 

Edward  Williams. 

Michael  Gundecker. 

San.nel  Wright. 

Micluud  Gundecker,  Jr. 

Thomas  Wright. 

John  Gonler,  Sr. 

Henry  Withers. 

JohnGreenleaf. 

James  Wright. 

Christian  House,-. 

William  Wiight. 

Susanna  Houston. 

James  Wright,  Jr. 

Kobert  W.  Houston. 

James  Wilson. 

Kudolph  Herr. 

Jacob  Williams. 

Dominick  Haughey. 

Michoel  Wisler. 

Jacob  Hoon. 

George  Wyke. 

John  Uippy. 

Benjamin  Worrell. 

Christian  Hertzlor. 

John  Wilson,  Esq. 

Christhui  Habecker. 

Thomas  Walters. 

Daniel  Ilorr. 

James  Warden. 

John  Haldeinan. 

Lewie  W  ish-i. 

Chiislian  Unldeoian. 

William  Welsh. 

Samuel  Wiighfs  estate. 

Amos  Harmel'. 

George  Zeiglei. 

James  Hopkins. 

Widow  Zeigler. 

Widow  Heller. 

George  Zeigler,  cooper. 

Emanuel  Heller. 

BOROUGH   OP   COLUMBIA. 


niifman,  innkeeper. 


Jacob  Marley. 

Joseph  Mother,  innkeeper, 

Pliilip  Moor. 

Samuel  C.  McKean,  lumbe 


Steplieu  Bojer,  minister. 
Julin  Bennet. 
E/.ekiel  Cook,  innkeeper. 
Joniitlian  Clmlfant. 
Kol.ort  Clialfiint,  blacksmitli. 
Iknjamin  Cumuiings 
JoiiuUian  Deen,  innkeeper. 
Ilugli  Dougherty,  liatter. 

Henry  Fialier. 

James  Given. 

Wm.  B.  Hunt,  luml.er  merchant. 

Joseph  Hunt,  store-keeper. 

William  Hassen,  innkeeper. 

Michael    Heisely,    gate-keeper   a 

bridge. 
James  Jordon. 
Jacob  Johnson,  shoemaker. 


William  Kruchman. 

Jacob  Loilheiser.  innkeeper. 

James  Long,  caipenter. 


Samuel  Urown. 

Alexander  Cowen,  book-keeper. 

Christopher  Cortpnian,  cooper. 

David  Duulap,  teacher. 

Joseph  Enes. 

Peter  Epley,  store-keeper. 

Kllllan  Epley,  store- keeper. 

Dr.  Samuel  Fahnestock. 

Dr.  Samuel  Houston. 

John  Hudders. 


Isaac  Vaughan,  innkeeper. 


John  Way 


aith. 


Joseph  Wade. 

Henry  Welsh,  shoemaker. 

Jaeob  Witmer,  lumber  merchant. 

Slicliael  May. 

Samuel  Watt,  shoHmaker. 

Paul  Wolf,  carpenter. 

Henry  Quest,  cabinet-maker. 

Benjamin  Barrey,  barber. 

John  Briggs,  tailor. 

Martin  Currie. 


datlii 


John 


lliani  McClure,  gunsmith. 

in  Mans,  Jr.,  watcliDian. 

lliam  Roxberry,  barber. 

in  L.  Stake. 

nry  Steel. 

ins  H.  Slaymaker,  store-keeper. 

lliam  Todd. 

lies  Todd,  shoemaker. 

uuel  Standsbnry,  schoolmaster. 

ristopher  Taylor 

omas  Wright,  turner. 

nea  Wilson,  cabinet-maker. 

iiuel  Whitehill,  store-keeper. 

in  Zeigler,  cooper. 


Civiftiist. — The  borough  was  incorporated  in  1814. 
Tlie  principal  ofBcers  from  that  time  to  the  present 
were  as  follows  : 

1914.— Chief  Burgess,  Christian  Bienneman;  Asslstuiit  Burgess,  John 
Dicks. 

1814.— Chief  Bargess,  John  Dicks;  Assistant  Burgess,  Michae|  Elder. 

1810,-Chief  Burgess,  William  Vickiy;  Assistant  Burgess,  Thomas  A. 
Wilson. 

1817.— Chief  Burgess,  William  P.  Beatty;  Assistant  Burgess,  Thomas 
A.  Wilson. 

1818.— Chief  Burgess,  James  Clyde;  Assistant  Burgess,  John  Snyder. 

1819.— Chief  Burgess,  James  Clyde;  Assistant  Burgess,  Hubert  Ricli- 

1821J.— Chief   Burgees,   William    Grier ;     Assistant    Burgess,    Janies 


1827.— Chief  Burgess,  Robert  Sjiear;  Assistant  Burgess,  Jacob  Matliiot. 
1828.— Chief  Burgess,  Robert  Spear;  Assistant  Burgess,  George  Zeig- 

1S29. — Chief  Bui-gess,  John  Barber;  Assistant  Burgess,  Jacob  Mathiot. 
lS30.—Cl^ief  Burgess,  Joseph  Cottrell;  Assistant  Burgess,  John  Gonter, 
Jr. 
1831. — Chief  Burgess,  Joseph  Cottrell;  Asaistant  Burgess,  John  Bar- 

1832.— Chief  Burgess,  Robert  Spear;  Assistant  Burgess,  Michael  Way. 

1833.— Chief  Burgess,  John  Ainis:  Assistant  Burgess,  John  Swartz. 

1834.— Chief  Burgess,  Robert  Spear;  Assistant  Burgess,  Jonas  Rumple. 

1836-3G.— Chief  Burgess,  Robert  W.  Houston  ;  Asaistant  Burgess,  John 
Swartz. 

1 837-38.— Chief  Burgess,  John  Arms ;  Assistant  Burgess,  John  Swartz. 

1839.- Chief  Burgess,  John  Arms;  Asaistant  Burgess,  Francis  Boggs. 

1840. — Chief  Burgess,  John  Arms ;  Assistant  Burgess,  Samuel  Slathiot. 

1841. — Chief  Burgess,  John  Arms;  Assistant  Burgess,  Francis  Boggs. 

1842.— Chief  Burgess,  Samuel  Mathiot;  .Assistant  Burgess,  Francis 
Bradley. 

1843.— Chief  Burgess,  Richard  Derrick  ;  Assistant  Burgess,  Francis 
Bradley. 

1844-45.— Chief  Burgess,  Tliomas  Floyd;  Assistant  Burgess,  Francis 
Bradley. 

1840— Chief  Burgess,  Samuel  Grove;  Assistant  Burgess,  George 
Weaver. 

1647.— Chief  Burgess,  William  I'attun  ;  Assistant  Burgess,  George 
Weaver. 

1848— Chief  Burgess,  James  Jordon  ;  Assistant  Burgess,  Daniel  Clml- 
fant. 

1849.— Chief  Burgess,  John  D.  Wright  ;   Assistitnt   Burgess,    Nelson 


1850.- 

-Chief    Burgess 

Ge 

igo    Wolf; 

Assistant 

Burgess 

Gerhart 

Brandt 

18,=.!.- 

-Chief  Burgess, 

Am 

3  S.  Green  ; 

Assistau 

Burgess 

John 

B. 

Edwarc 

s. 

1852.- 

-Chief  Burgess, 

John 

Stewart;  A 

sistant  Burgess,  John  B. 

Ed- 

1853.- 

-Chief  Burgess, 

Jose 

ph  M.  Watts 

;  Assista 

t  Burges 

,  Cha 

les 

M.  Strine. 

1854.- 

-Chief  Burgess, 

Josei 

hM.  Watts 

Assistant 

Burgess, 

Abral 

am 

1S55.- 

-Chief    Burgess 

Jol 

n    Finger; 

Assistant 

Burgess, 

Amos 

S. 

1856.- 

-Chief  Burgess, 

Abr.aham  Myers 

Assistau 

t  Burgess 

Micl 

ael 

Clepper. 

1857.— Chief  Burgess,  Rudolph  Williams;  Asaistant  Burgess,  Samuel 
Read. 

1858.— Chief  Burgess,  Harford  Fraley  ;  Assistant  Burgess,  John  Kippy. 

1869.— Chief  Burgess,  Thomas  J.  Bishop;  Assistant  Burgess,  Joseph 
J.  List. 

1860, — Chief  Burgess,  Samuel  Grove ;  Assistant  Burgess,  Jonas  Myers. 

1861.— Chief  Burgess,  Peter  Fraley;  Assistant  Burgess,  Joseph  Tyson. 

18G2.— Chief  Burgess,  Peter  Fraley;  Assistant  Burgess,  John  Schroe- 


Pfahler ;  Assistant  Burgess,  John 
ant  Burgess,  S.  H. 
lut  Burgess,  George 


-Chief  Burgess,  Henry  F.  Slaymake 


Fullerl 


[  Burgess,  Robert 


1822.— Chief  Burgess,  Robert  Spear;  AssisUint  Burgess,  Isaac  Vaughen. 

1823.— Chief  Burgess,  Robert  Spear;  Assistant  Burgess,  Eli  H.  Thomas. 

1824.— Chief  Burgess,  John  Barber;  Assistant  Burgess,  William 
Lewis. 

182.'.-26.— Chief  Burgess,  Robert  Sjiear;  Asaistant  Burgess,  William 
Todd. 


1863.— Chief  Burgess,  Jacob 
Schroedor. 

1864— Chief  Burgess,   Rudolph  Williai 
Do  Negre. 

1865.— Chief  Burgess,  Rudolph  Willian 
W.  Fry. 

1866. — Chief  Burgess,  Rudolph  Williams  ;  Assistant  Burgess,  John 
Shenberger. 

In  1866  a  new  charter  was  granted,  which  abolished 
;he  office  of  assistant  burgess.  The  burgesses  since 
;hen  have  been  as  follows; 

,  1874.  William  B.  Faesig. 
I  1876-76    Joseph  Hinkle. 
j  1877.  John  A.  Jordan. 
I  1878.  S.  P.  Moderwell. 

1879.  John  Shenberger. 

18.S0.  Charles  Melliuger. 


1870.  James  Schroeder 
Jacob  S.  Streine. 

John  Shenberger. 
High  Constable.  Market  Master,  Supe] 

tlau  Strawbrl.lge. 
Treasurer,  First  National  Bank. 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Borough  Regulator,  Samuel  Wrigbt. 

CouyicU.—A.  a.  Guiles,  president ;  John  C.  Clark,  secretary ;  Williai 
Puttou,  Sliiiliael  S.  Sliiimau,  William  H.  Pfahlcr,  Samuel  Filber 
George  TiUe,  Williiim  H.  Hardmaii. 


JUSTICES  OF  THE   PEACE. 


1726.  John  Wright. 
1729.  Samuel  Blunston. 
1744.  James  Wright. 
1791.  John  Houston. 
1807.  Kohert  Spear. 
1811.  James  ClyUe. 
Israel  Kloyd. 
1816.  Thomas  Floyd. 
1825.  William  P.  Beatty. 
18.i5.  Michael  Streine. 
1632.  Jacob  F.  Markly. 
April  14,  1S40.  Thomas  Lloyd. 

April  15,  1845.  Dr.  George  Moore. 

Kohert  Spear. 
April  9, 1650.  Samuel  Brooks. 

J.  W.  Fisher. 
April  13,  1853.  Jai 

Samuel  Evans 
April  10,  1855.  Da 
May  12,  1857.  Tli" 


April  13, 


858.  Fra 
I  K.  Hun 


,  Ebur 


I  Eddy. 


April  10, 1860.  Join 

David  E.  Brinner. 
May  3,  1861.  Samuel  Evans. 
April  15,  1SC2.  John  R.  Eberleiu 
April  14,  1863.  James  H.  Hunter 
April,  1865.  John  W.  Houston. 


i  Clark. 


uel  Ev 


April,  1867.  John  Eddy. 
April,  1871.  Morris  Clark. 

Samuel  Evans. 
April,  1872.  Frank  Conroy. 
April,  1873.  S.  S.  Clair. 
April,  1875.  B.  R.  Mayer. 

Samuel  Evans. 

John  P.  Frank. 
April,  1881.  George  Young,  Jr. 

W.  HaynesGrier. 
April,  1882.  John  P.  Frank. 


Meeting-Houses— The  Friends,  or  Quakers.— 

The  pioneer  settlers  were  members  of  the  Society  of 
Friends,  and  hekl  their  meetings  for  some  time  after 
they  came  in  private  liouses.  Their  number  increas- 
ing, they  built  a  log  meeting-house  upon  the  south 
side  of  Union  Street,  near  Lancaster  Avenue. 

Their  first  and  only  speaker  was  John  Wright, 
Esq.  Tills  settlement,  composed  entirely  of  Quakers, 
was  the  only  one  that  ventured  to  locate  upon  the 
extreme  frontier  of  the  province.  The  heads  ofthe.se 
families  all  entered  public  life,  and  mingled  a  great 
deal  with  all  classes  of  people,  and  hence  we  find  that 
they  were  not  very  strict  in  discipline,  but  conducted 
their  meetings  in  their  own  way,  and  for  thirty  years 
they  persistently  refused  to  ask  to  come  under  the 
jurisdiction  of  Sadsbury  or  Lampeter  Quarterly  or 
Monthly  Meetings.  The  records  of  these  meetings 
occasionally  make  mention  of  a  Wright  or  a  Barber 
being  "read  out"  for  "marrying  out,"  or  for  being 
married  by  a  "priest,"  a  term  by  which  they  desig- 
nated a  minister  regularly  ordained,  without  regard 
to  any  particular  denomination  to  which  he  may  have 
belonged.  To  their  credit  be  it  said  that  nojgreater 
offense  was  ever  charged  to  them.  It  often  required 
a  great  deal  of  patience  and  persistence  on  the  part 
of  Friends  to  induce  them  to  send  to  these  meetings 
a  testimony  against  themselves  for  these  departures 
from  the  discipline  of  the  society.  If  we  follow 
closely  the  history  of  a  number  of  the  descendants 
of  these  pioneer  Quakers,  we  will  find  that  they 
wandered  much  farther  away  from  the  time-honored 
ciistdins  of  the  society.  Some  of  them  entered  the 
military  service  of  their  country,  and  others  strayed  oft' 
into  the  civil  service,  and  some  were  not  averse  to 
the  chase  and  field  sports.  There  are  very  few,  if  any, 
of  the  many  hundred  descendants  of  John  Wright  and 


Robert  Barber  who  are  now  members  of  the  Society  I : 
Friends. 

Sadsbury  and  Tampeter  Quarterly  Meetings  fre 
quently  selected  two  or  more  of  their  leading  men  tc 
go  to  the  Susquehanna  and  talk  to  the  Henipfield 
Friends,' and  occasionally  a  public  speaker  stopped 
there  and  preached.  But  little  impression  was  made 
upon  them  until  Jan.  1,  1790,  when  Job  Scott,  a  cel- 
ebrated Quaker,  who  came  from  England,  and  after 
an  extended  tour  through  the  Southern  States,  along 
the  sea-coast,  where  he  aroused  the  followers  of 
George  Fox  to  renewed  action.  On  his  return  he 
preached  at  Pipe  Creek,  Manallen,  Huntingdon, 
Warrington,  Newberry,  and  York,  thence  to  Wright's 
Ferry,  where  he  remained  at  the  Widow  Wright's  for 
several  days.  He  preached  a  number  of  times  at  her 
house,  and  awakened  a  strong  feeling  among  the  de- 
scendants of  the  pioneer  settlers. 

In  1799  the  Quakers  at  Columbia  made  applica- 
tion to  Lampeter  Monthly  Meeting  to  hold  an  "in- 
dulged meeting"  on  first  and  week  days. 

Samuel  Wright,  the  founder  of  Columbia,  gave  the 
society  a  lot  on  Cherry  Street,  near  Third  Street,  in 
trust,  to  build  a  meeting-house  on. 

It  was  not,  however,  until  the  year  1810  that  the 
meeting  at  Columbia  was  established  by  "  Cain  Quar- 
ter," and  in  1812  they  were  allowed  a  "  preparative 
meeting." 

The  present  brick  meeting-house  was  erected  about 
the  year  1800.  (Under  the  head  of  schools  further 
notice  is  made  of  it.) 

There  are  now  living  in  Columbia  but  two  persons 
who  claim  to  belong  to  the  Society  of  Friends.  Oc-  • 
casionally  Friends  from  a  distance  come  and  hold 
meetings,  but  when  they  are  gone  the  building  i? 
closed  up,  sometimes  for  a  year  or  more. 

The  Methodist  Church.— On  ilie  13th  day  o: 
July,  1803,  Samuel  AVright  gave  Lot  No.  160,  as  laid 
down  on  the  plan  of  "Old  Columbia,"  which  was  the 
last  number  on  the  "plan,"  and  was  situated  at  the 
south  corner  of  Alley  "  K"  and  Fifth  Street,  meas- 
uring forty-seven  feet  on  Fifth  Street,  and  extending 
along  said  alley  two  hundred  and  thirty  feet.  This  lot 
was  conveyed  to  the  following-named  persons :  Samuel 
Goff-,  Benjamin  Wright,  John  Wright,  Christian  Herr, 
Christian  Herr,  Jr.,  Abraham  Herr,  David  Mussel- 
man,  William  Todd,  Robert  Magill,  Thomas  Lloyd, 
Abraham  Groft",  Owen  Bruner,  William  Torbert,  John 
Boehm,  James  W.  Newcomb,  and  Isaac  Swartzwal- 
ter,  trustees.  This  lot  of  ground  on  the  west  side  of 
Cherry  Street,  between  Fourth  and  Fifth  Streets,  meas- 
uring sixty  feet  front  and  one  hundred  feet  deep, 
upon  which  they  desired  to  erect  a  Methodist  Church, 
was  purchased  when  every  species  of  property  was 
inflated.  A  part  of  the  purchase  money  was  paid, 
and  a  mortgage  was  given  for  the  payment  of  the 
balance.  No  building  was  erected  upon  this  lot,  and 
the  congregation  continued  to  worship  in  the  little 
frame  church  in  the  alley. 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


553 


The  'trustees  of  the  Ebenezer  meeting-house,  for 
the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  erected  a  frame 
meeting-house  ui)on  the  rear  end  of  this  lot,  measur- 
ing about  twenty-five  feet  front  and  fort}'  feet  long. 
The  pulpit  stood  at  the  north  end.  For  thirty  years 
this  congregation  had  no  regular  pastor.  The  pulpit 
was  filled  occasionally  by  an  itinerant  minister,  who 
traveled  around  the  circuit.  The  trustees  named 
above  resided  principally  in  Manor  township.  They 
belonged  to  the  circuit.  When  a  four  weeks'  and 
six  weeks'  circuit  was  established,  there  were  min- 
isters enough  to  assign  a  pastor  once  a  week  to  each 
congregation.  Sometimes  several  weeks  would  inter- 
vene before  the  same  pastor  came  to  the  same  con- 
gregation a  second  time.  (This  little  frame  church 
building  in  the  alley  was  purchased  by  Stephen 
Smith,  who  razed  it  to  the  ground,  and  erected  another 
one  for  the  colored  Baptists.  It  was  burned  down, 
and  a  brick  one  erected  in  its  place,  wliich  has  been 
converted  into  dwellings.) 

Tiie  membership  of  this  church  increased  very 
fast.  Their  meetings  were  largely  attended,  and  this 
little  church  building  in  the  alley  was  found  entirely 
inadequate  to  accommodate  tliem.  They  were  gen- 
erally poor  people  or  in  moderate  circumstances,  and 
they  were  not  able  to  buy  a  lot  in  a  more  desirable 
part  of  the  town,  and  erect  a  larger  house,  and  they 
found  it  up-hill  work  to  collect  from  the  public  at 
large. 

In  the  year  1829  Columbia  is  first  mentioned  in  the 
minutes  of  the  Methodist  Church  records.    John  Go- 
1    forth  and  J.  Ledmeni  were  ajipointed   to  go  to  the 
place. 

In  1830  it  was  a  large  circuit,  and  reported  two 
hundred  and  eighty-two  members.  Afterwards  it  was 
called  Strasburg  and  Columbia  Circuit  until  the  year 
1835,  when  it  was  organized  as  a  station,  and  Francis 
Ilodson  was  its  first  stationed  preacher.  On  the  10th 
day  of  August,  1832,  Michael  Elder  and  his  wife, 
Charlotte,  conveyed  to  William  Todd,  James  Little, 
Joseph  Cottrell,  Abram  Bruner,  Jacob  Matliiot,  James 
Giren,  Thomas  Lloyd,  Abraham  Sherrick,  and  Henry 
.Alartin,  trustees  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church, 
forty-eiglit  feet  of  ground  fronting  on  Cherry  Street, 
and  extending  north  along  the  east  side  of  Tliird 
Street  one  hundred  feet  to  a  twelve-feet  wide  alley. 
They  erected  upon  this  lot  a  brick  building  forty  feet 
fronting  on  Cherry  Street,  and  e.Ktending  along  Third 
Street  sixty  feet,  with  a  basement-room  under  the  en- 
tire building.  A  gallery  ran  around  three  sides.  The 
pulpit  was  at  the  northern  end.  The  building  was 
remodeled  and  enlarged  in  18-lG  by  adding  fifteen  feet 
to  the  northern  end.  The  ceiling  of  the  basement- 
rooin  w:is  also  raised  about  one  fiiot.  In  1851  this 
cliurch  was  partially  destroyed  by  fire,  and  the  con- 
gregation worsiiiped  for  a  time  in  Odd-Fellows'  Hall. 
The  congregation  purchased  a  lot  on  the  corner  of 
Second  and  Clierry  Streets,  upon  which  they  erected 
a  church  building  in  1852,  measuring  fifty  feet  front 


on  Second  Street  and  seventy-five  feet  along  Cherry 
Street.  Upon  the  rear  end  of  the  lot  they  built  a 
two-story  brick  dwelling-house  for  the  sexton. 

The  following-named  members  remain  of  those  who 
belonged  toYhe  church  when  it  was  first  organized  as 
a  station  in  1833,:  Abigail  Dean,  widow  of  Benjamin - 
Dean;  Samuel  Grove,  who  has  been  a  very  active 
member  of  this  church  for  fifty  years,  and  has  built 
up  a  fine  circulating  library  of  choice  books  (he 
married  (second  time)  Maria,  daughter  of  the  late 
Ephraim  Eby  ("  miller")  who  is  also  a  member  of  the 
church.  His  first  wife  was  a  Miss  Stacy,  of  Stras- 
burg, in  this  county);  Catharine  Lightheiser;  Pru- 
dence Suydam,  widow  of  the  late  Henry  Suydam 
(who  was  a  director  of  the  Columbia  National  Bank), 
and  daughter  of  the  late  James  Given,  lumber  mer- 
chant. 

The  present  trustees  of  the  church  are  Abram 
Bruner,  Robert  Beecham,  Daniel  Stape,  Jr.,  J.  R. 
Witmer,  John  Paine,  Henry  F.  Bruner,  Samuel  S. 
Klair,  Ephraim  Hershey,  S.  H.  Hoffman. 

WoM.\x's  FuRiiiGx  Missionary  Society.— Presi- 
dent, Mrs.  Richard  W.  Humphreys;  Vice-Presidents, 
Mrs.  M.  Bletz,  Mrs.  S.  S.  Nowlen  ;  Recording  Secre- 
tary, Mrs.  Ella  Meiser;  Corresponding  Secretary, 
Mrs.  Julia  Kauffman  ,  Treasurer,  Miss  Emma  Patton. 

L.4.DIE.S'  CiiUKCii  Aid  Society.— President,  Mrs. 
Richard  W.  Humjihreys;  Secretary,  Miss  Mary 
Paine;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  S.  J.  Bruner.  The  present 
membership  is  something  over  four  hundred  and  fifty. 

Sunday-Schools.— Superintendent,    ; 

Assistant  Superintendent,  A.  G.  Guiles;  Secretary, 
S.  W.  Guiles;  Assistant  Secretary,  F.  G.  Paine;  Treas- 
urer, A.  C.  Bruner;  Chorister,  A.  Bruner;  Librarians, 
J.  S.  Maxton,  James  Schraeder,  I.  Annerler. 

Cookman  Chapel  Sunday  School— This  chapel , 
was  erected  by  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  a  few 
years  ago,  at  the  corner  of  Fifth  and  Locust  Streets, 
and  is  sustained  and  owned  by  the  mother-church,  at 
the  corner  of  Second  ami  Cherry  Streets.  The  olBcers 
are  as  follows :  Superintendent,  Simon  Cameron  May  ; 
First  Assistant,  J.  W.  F.  Nowlen  ;  Second  Assistant, 
G.  W.  Panics;  Secretary,  H.  B.  Dean;  Assistant  Sec- 
retary and  Treasurer,  William  K.  Nowden ;  Libra- 
rians, Thomas  J.  Wright,  J.  S.  Snyder,  C.  W.  Steven- 
son, I.  E.  Graybill,  Harry  Bonson ;  Chorister,  C.  W. 
Stevenson;  Organist,  Mrs.  Thomas  J.  Wright. 

The  Methodist  Church  is  in  a  prosperous  condition, 
and  the  churoli  buildings  are  free  from  debt.  There 
have  been  periods  of  dissension  in  the  congregation, 
caused  generally  by  trouble  between  the  pastor  and 
the  congregation.  The  term  of  service  of  the  former, 
when  this  took  place,  was  shortened,  and  a  change  of 
pastors  brought  harmony  again.  But  for  this  arrange- 
ment in  the  policy  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church 
it  would  have  been  split  in  two,  and  two  or  more 
churches  would  have  been  erected  in  the  place,  and 
both  doubtless  would  have  gone  into  decay  for  want 


554 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Since  1835  the  church  has  had  the  following  pas- 
tors: Francis  Hodson,  1835;  William  Roberts,  1836- 
37;  Elijah  Miller,  1838-39;  James  Cunningham, 
1840;  James  H.  McFariand,  1841;  Joshua  Hum- 
phries, 1842-43 ;  David  Gardner,  1844;  William  H. 
Elliot,  1845;  Stephen  Townsend,  1846;  William 
Barnes,  1847-18;  William  Urie,  1849-50;  William 
Bishop,  1851-52;  Joseph  Mason,  1853;  William 
Cooper,  1854;  J.  W.  McCaskey,  1855-56;  William 
Barnes,  1857-58;  J.  Y.  Ashton,  1859;  J.  Aspril, 
1860;  J.  B.  Maddox,  18G1-62;  H.  R.  Calloway,  1863- 
64;  William  Major,  1865-67  ;  S.  H.  C.Smith,  1868-70; 
Robert  J.  Carson,  1871-73;  J.  Dickerson,  1874-75; 
Theodore  Stevens,  1876-78;  Henry  Wheeler,  1879- 
81;  Richard  W.  IIuiii|ihries,  son  of  former  pastor, 
1882-84. 

Presbyteriau  Church.— In  the  summer  of  1808, 
Revs.  Collin  McFarquahr  and  Robert  Cathcart 
preached  in  Columbia  occasionally  in  the  Methodist 
meeting-house.  In  September  of  that  year  an  un- 
successful effort  was  made  to  organize  a  society  and 
erect  a  house  of  worship. 

In  February,  1806,  Rev.  Nathaniel  Snowdeu,  who 
had  settled  in  Lancaster,  began  to  preach  here 
statedly  every  third  Sabbath,  sometimes  in  the  Meth- 
odist Church  and  sometimes  in  a  storehouse  or  in 
private  houses. 

On  the  29th  of  August,  1807,  he  ordained  William 
P.  Beatty,  Esq.,  Moses  Montgomery,  and  James 
Graham  ruling  elders,  and  on  the  following  day 
administered  the  sacrament  of  the  Lord's  Supper  to 
about  twenty-two  communicants.  Mr.  .S:iowden  re- 
ceived from  eighty  to  one  hundred  dollars  per  annum 
for  his  services,  which  continued  till  1808. 

In  the  spring  of  1809  Rev.  William  Kerr  engaged 
.  for  one-fourth  of  his  time,  and  received  about  one 
hundred  dollars  per  year  for  his  services.  At  his 
suggestion  the  following  application  was,  on  the  26th  of 
March,  1810,  made  to  the  Presbytery  of  New  Castle  : 

"  We,  the  eulscribers,  beg  leave  to  state  tliat  a  few  famlliea  of  tliis 
place,  any  twelve  or  fourteeD,  associated  together  about  four  years  ago 
for  public  worship.    This  society  was  organised  in  due  form  by  Rev. 


ders  were  ordained,  aud  the  ordinances  have  sinci 
been  occasionally  adniinist<-red. 

"We  wish  to  be  connected  with  the  Presbyterian  Clmrch,  and  desire 
as  a  congregation,  to  be  taken  under  your  care.  That  you  umy  grtui 
our  request  auil  that  our  infant  society  may  prosper  und^r  your  direc 

"  Wm.  p.  Bcattv, 

"  Moses  Montoumerv, 


Samuel  Wright  donated  to  the  congregation  for  a 
building-site  a  lot  adjoining  the  German  Church, 
but  this  not  being  deemed  suitable,  was  in  October, 
1810,  spld  for  three  hundred  and  fifty  dollars,  and 
anollier  on  the  corner  of  Locust  and  Fourth  Streets 
purchased  for  six  liundied  dollars,  and  conveyed  to 
the  trustees  Feb.  9,  1811.  The  foundation  of  the 
church  was  laid  on  the  15th  of  July,  1811,  ami  on 
the  19th  of  July;  1812,  the  house  was  opened  fur 
public  worship. 


Mr.  Kerr  became  stated  supply,  and  on  the  13th  o\ 
September,  1812,  ordained  John  Hudders.  Dr.  Hugl^ 
McCorkle,  and  John  JIcRessick  ruling  elders.  H'j 
cefised  to  supply  the  church  in  January,  1814.  ! 

In  May,  1814,  Rev.  Stephen  Boyer  became  suppljl 
and  continued  to  minister  to  the  congregation  tilj 
1830,  although  there  does  not  appear  any  record  of 
his  installation  as  pastor.  It  is  believed  that  he 
preached  here  on  alternate  Sabbaths.  During  a  larga 
portion  of  his  term  of  service  he  resided  at  York 
during  the  latter  part  of  his  term,  where  he  was  eu-i 
gaged  in  teaching  in  addition  to  his  other  duties.        i 

The  church  building  when  first  erected  stood  back 
from  Locust  Street  about  twenty  feet.  The  pulpit] 
which  was  at  the  Locust  Street  end,  was  several  feet 
higher  than  the  present  one,  and  a  gallery  crossed  the 
rear  end.  Thirty-sis  years  ago  the  building  was  re-, 
modeled  and  extended  to  Locust  Street;  John  Fred.i 
Houston  was  the  architect  and  Michael  Clepper  the 
builder.  A  few  years  later  a  Sunday-school  and  ses- 
sion-house were  erected  in  the  rear  of  the  church,  and 
both  that  and  the  church  building  were  enlarged  aid 
remodeled  a  few  years  since. 

The  names  of  the  following  members  appear  on  the 
record  in  the  sessions-book  from  1808  to  1822,  inclu- 
sive :  William  P.  Beatty  and  wife,  Mrs.  Michael  Elder, 
Mrs.  Hugh  Menough,  Daniel  McLane  and  wife, 
John  Menough  and  wife,  William  Green,  Mrs.  Simp- 
son, John  Hudders,  John  McKissick,  Mrs.  Sarah 
Strickler,  Mrs.  Letitia  Ralston,  Miss  Sallie  Roseburg, 
William  Wilson,  James  Wilson  and  wife,  Archibald 
Hudders  and  wife,  Dr.  Hugh  McCorkle,  Benja 
Worrall  and  wife,  Mary  McKissick,  Mrs.  Bogle,  Ja 
Bogle,  O'Rey  Henderson,  Samuel  C.  McKean 
wife,  John  McKissick,  Jr.,  Mrs.  Susan  McCullough, 
James  Clyde,  Elizabeth  Patton,  Eleanor  Lowry 
Mrs.  Sarah  McCorkle,  Mrs.  Amy  H.  Houston,  Cath 
erine  McKissick,  Jlary  McKissick,  Robert  Spear, 
Mrs.  Mary  Wilson,  Mrs.  Mary  Hendrickson,  Henry 
Martin,  Dr.  William  F.  Houston,  John  Fletcher, 
Mrs.  Susannah  Fletcher  (his  wife),  Ann  Greenleaf, 
Hannah  Merkle,  Sarah  Peters,  Mrs.  Mary  Jetl'ries, 
Catherine,  Rachel,  and  Joseph  Copeland,  Josepli 
Irwin,  Mrs.  Mary  Whitehill,  Lydia  Exley,  Sarali 
McKissick,  John  Jacoby,  Mrs.  Nancy  Slack,  Mrs 
Mary  Gravinger,  Eliza  Ann  McKissick,  Mrs.  Rebecca 
Slaymaker,  Henry  F.  Slaymaker,  Elizabeth  Morgan, 
Maria  McLaughlin,  John  Briggs,  Jacob  Cling,  Mrs 
JIussailew  Briggs,  Elizabeth  Keesey,  Mrs.  Mary 
Boyd,  Cornelius  Dysart,  Margaret  Guy,  Mary  Plar 
ris,  Mary  Smith,  i\Iary  Wycke,  Joseph  Wallace,  Su 
sannah  Dysart,  Jane  Rody,  Jacob  Purkopile  and 
wife,  Mrs.  Jane  Vaughan,  Mrs.  Maria  Shipps,  M 
Margaret  Worrell,  Eleanor  W.Houston,  Mrs.  Amelia 
B.  Heise,  Mary  Stump,  Elizabeth  Wright,  John  Sib- 
bits,  Samuel  B.  Heise,  Jane  Sibbits,  Elizabeth  Sib- 
bits,  Elisha  Hallowell. 

From  1813  to  1827  the  following  deaths  and  re- 
movals of  members  are  recorded  :    Robert  Gamble, 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


555 


Martin  Rohrer,  Mary  Ann  Bogle,  Robert  Wilson, 
Ann  Elder,  Thomas  Brooks,  Jacob  Anthony,  James 
Warden,  Warwick  Miller,  Frances  Worrell,  Jlary 
Mans,  Dolly  Montgomery,  Henry  Mans,  Esther 
Green,  John  Slaymaker,  John  Ralston,  Martha  Atlee, 
Amos  Buckalew,  John  Eberlein,  Jr.,  Mary  Amelia 
McCorkle,  Mrs.  Catherine  Green,  Nancy  Spear,  John 
Mathiot,  Andrew  Johnson,  Amy  H.  Houston,  Han- 
naii  Merkle,  Moses  Montgomery,  Mrs.  Emily  Wright, 
Mrs.  Jane  McKeau,  James  Bogle,  Henry  Martin, 
Lvdia  Exley,  George  Gonter,  S.  E.  McKean,  Mrs. 
Sarah  Boyer,  Mrs.  Mary  Smith,  Samuel  Hassan, Sarah 
Strickler. 

Tlie  ministers  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  since  its 
organization  have  been  as  follows:  Nathaniel  R.  Snow- 
den,  stated  supply,  1804;  Colin  McFarquahr,  stated 
supply,  1805;  William  Kerr,  stated  supply,  1808-14; 
Stephen  Bowyer,  1814-33 ;  John  H.  Symmes,  1833-39  ; 
Robert  W.  Dunlap,  1841-44;  Roger  Owen,  1844-50; 
Ebenezer  Erskine,  1851-57;  Joseph  S.  Grimes,  1858- 
61;  Robert  A.  Brown,  18(34;  J.  Witherow,  John  Mc- 
Coy, George  Wells  Ely. 

In  connection  with  the  Presbyterian  Church  a 
Sunday-school  was  established  soon  after  Rev.  Stephen 
Boyer  became  permanently  located  in  this  charge, 
and  John  McKissick  was  chosen  its  superintendent. 
Ill  the  year  1825  there  were  five  male  teachers  and 
seven  female  teachers;  sixty-four  male  scholars  and 
fifty  female  scholars. 

For  the  year  1825  the  teachers  were  Samuel  B. 
Heise  (living),  Henry  Connelly,  Guilford  Claiborne, 
Thomas  Cochran,  Mary  Stump,  C.  McKissick,  Mary 
McKissick,  Catharine  Stump,  Eleanor  Houston,  Wil- 
liam Mathiot,  John  Houston,  Elizabeth  Sterret,  Eliza- 
beth A.  McKissick,  Henrietta  Claiborne,  Samuel 
Greenleaf,  Christiana  Houston,  Benjamin  Worrall, 
Daniel  McLane,  Daniel  J.  Snow,  John  McKissick, 
Jr.,  John  R.  Beatty,  John  Stewart,  Preston  B.  Elder, 
Mary  Cochran,  Ann  Elizabeth  Beatty  (living),  Sarah 
S.  McCorkle,  C.  G.  T.  Waggoner,  Adam  Campbell. 

The  German  Evangelical  Lutheran  (Salem) 
Church  «a->  organized  in  the  year  180G,  and  was 
made  up  of  Germans  who  resided  in  Columbia  and 
vicinity.  Not  being  strong  enough  to  build  a  church 
alone,  they  informally  agreed  to  unite  with  the 
German  Reformed  Congregation,  which  was  organ- 
ized about  the  same  time,  and  by  their  united  etlbrts 
raised  funds  for  the  erection,  of  a  church  in  which 
both  congregations  were  to  worship  on  alternate  Sab- 
baths. In  1807  a  brick  church  was  erected  on  Wal- 
nut Street  between  Third  and  Fourth  Streets.  This 
was  the  second  church  erected  in  Columbia  (the  first 
one  being  the  Friends'  meeting-house).  Tlie  pulpit 
was  supplied  by  the  pastor  of  the  Lutheran  congrega- 
tion in  Lancaster,  Maytown,  and  Manheiin.  Thus 
the  two  congregations  worshiped  in  the  same  church 
harmoniously.  In  1819  they  made* a  mutual  agree- 
ment in  writing  to  hold  the  property  jointly  and  wor- 
ship on  alternate  Sundays.     The  Rev.  J.  Strein  had 


been  their  regular  pastor  four  years  prior  to  this  date, 
and  he  continued  to  preach  there  for  more  than  forty 
years,  until  he  was  compelled  from  age  to  relinquish 
I  the  charge.' 

I       The   congregation  grew  so   large   that   it   became 
j  necessary  to  erect  a  larger  church  building.     In  186(J, 

under  the  pastorate  of  Rev. Darmstaetter,  a  new 

I  church  building  was  erected  upon  the  site  of  the  old 
j  one,  which  was  torn  down.  The  congregation  was 
divided  some  years  ago,  and  another  church  was  built. 
For  a  few  years  after  the  division  the  old  church  was 
weak  and  few  in  numbers.  The  congregation  has 
gradually  increased  until  it  now  numbers  one  hun- 
dred and  twenty-five  persons. 

Since  Mr.  Darmstaetter's  pastoral  duties  ceased 
the  succession  of  pastors  has  been  as  follows  :  Revs. 
Heischmann,  Reidenbach,  Schwartz,  Czar  Nedden, 
Baner,  Charles  Ernst,  Burghardt,  A.  Eisenhauer,  H. 
Rella,  the  present  pastor. 

The  trustees  are  William  Harm,  John  Ehrnan, 
Fran.  Thumm ;  and  the  elders,  F.  Abendschein, 
Jacob  Nickalaus,  Stephen  Kneal,  J.  Wigand,  Chris- 
tian Kunly,  Lewis  Messer,  John  Weber,  John  Kranz, 
Ludwig  Schiler,  Nicholas'  Wolf,  Aug.  Witt,  John 
Hans.  There  is  a  flourishing  Sunday-school  con- 
nected with  the  church. 

St.  Paul's  German  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church 
of  the  Unaltered  Augsburg  Confession.— Tlie  con- 
gregation and  pastor  belonging  to  this  church  with- 
drew from  Salem  Church,  on  Walnut  Street,  in  the 
year  1862,  on  account  of  certain  proceedings  therein 
and  against  which  this  portion  of  the  congregation 
in  vain  protested. 

In  the  following  year  they  were  recognized  by  the 
Evangelical  Lutheran  Ministerium  of  Pennsylva- 
nia as  the  regular  congregation  which  worshiped  in, 
and  known  as,  the  Salem  Church.  Not  being  strong 
enough  to  elect  the  proper  number  of  officers  as  pro- 
vided for  in  their  charter,  they  only  elected  provisory 
officers.  For  a  short  time  the  services  were  held  in 
the  parsonage  on  Fourth  Street.  Subsequently,  for  a 
period  of  about  two  years,  services  svere  held  in  the 
German  Reformed  Church,  at  the  corner  of  Cherry 
and  Third  Streets,  and  for  the  following  four  years 
services  were  held  in  Washington  Institute.  On 
Sept.  13,  1808,  the  congregation  reorganized  under 
the  title  given  at  the  head  of  tiiis  article.  Up 
to  this  period  and  to  the  present  time  the  Rev.  J. 
A.  Darmstaetter  has  presided  over  this  congregation 
with  great  acceptability.  The  officers  elected  were 
Peter  Rodenhauser,  Sr.,  elder ;  Christian  Kraft, 
George  Gundel,  deacons;  Nicholas  Beinhauer,  Adam 
Brommer,  John  Neuer,  trustees. 

In  the  samfe  year  they  commenced  the  erection  of 
a  new  church  building,  on  the  north  side  of  Locust 
Street,  about  midway  between  Fifth  and  Sixth  Streets. 
It  was  finished  and  dedicated  June  21,  1869.  The 
building  is  a  one-story  brick,  thirty-two  by  sixty 
feet,  which  has  a  seating  cajiacity  of  four  hundred. 


556 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


At  the  time  of  the  withdrawal  of  this  congregation 
from  Salem  Church  they  numbered  fifty  communi- 
cants. They  now  number  two  hundred.  The  churcli 
is  free  from  debt  and  has  a  surplus  fund. 

There  is  a  Sunday-school  connected  with  tlie  con- 
gregation which  is  in  a  flourishing  condition.  Tliere 
are  sixteen  teachers  and  eighty  scholars  in  regular 
attendance. 

Trinity  Reformed  Church.— A  number  of  German 
families  organized  a  congregation  about  the  year 
1805,  but  had  no  stated  place  to  hold  their  religious 
meetings. 

Samuel  Wright,  the  founder  of  Old  Columbia, 
gave  them  and  the  Lutherans  a  lot  of  ground  on 
the  south  side  of  Walnut  Street,  between  Third  and 
Fourth  Streets,  on  the  13th  day  of  March,  1806,  and 
these  two  denominations  by  their  joint  eflbrts  col- 
lected enough  funds  to  erect  a  brick  church  building 
about  the  year  1807-8.  This  was  the  second  church 
building  erected  in  the  place,  the  Friends'  being  the 
first. 

For  some  years  neither  congregation  had  a  regular 
pastor,  nor  did  they  have  preaching  at  stated  inter- 
vals. 

On  the  2d  day  of  December,  1821,  the  German 
Eeformed  congregation  and  the  Evangelical  Lutheran 
congregation  of  Columbia  entered  into  an  amicable 
agreement,  wherein  it  was  stated  that  they  built  a 
church  jointly  under  the  name  of  Salem  Church. 
Each  was  to  worship  on  alternate  weeks,  the  Luther- 
ans to  commence  the  first  Sunday  in  January.  If 
one  congregation  did  not  worship  on  the  Sunday 
assigned  to  it,  then  the  other  one  was  not  prohibited 
from  doing  so. 

The  Rev.  Henry  Shaffner,  who  resided  at  Marietta, 
but  preached  at  Maytown,  Marietta,  and  Columbia, 
was  the  pastor  of  the  German  Reformed  Church. 
The  names  of  the  trustees  were  Isaac  Hougendobler, 
Philip  Mumma,  Peter  Livergood,  and  Adam  Otstot; 
Joseph  Hougendobler,  George  Peters,  Peter  Mumma, 
Jr.,  John  Hougendobler,  wardens. 

This  church  was  incorporated  in  1820.  Mr.  Shati- 
ner  remained  pastor  of  the  charge  to  which  Columbia 
then  belonged,  consisting  also  of  Marietta,  Elizabeth- 
town,  Maytown,  and  Manheim,  until  the  year  1840. 
He  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev.  Herman  Bokuni,  whose 
ministry  lasted  only  a  few  years.  From  1845  to  1850 
the  congregation  was  served  by  Rev.  D.  Y.  Heisler, 
who  resigned  in  April,  and  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev. 
Alfred  Helfenstein,  who  continued  to  preach  during 
the  remainder  of  the  year  1850.  In  1851,  Rev.  W. 
Goodrich  took  charge  of  the  congregation,  and  re- 
signed Dec.  12,  1852.  He  was  succeeded  by  Rev. 
Joel  T.'Reber,  in  April,  1853,  who  resigned  in  the 
summer  of  1854.  About  this  time  the  Reformed  and 
Lutheran  congregations  dissolved  tlieir  agreement, 
the  latter  purchasing  from. the  former  their  interest 
in  Salem  Church,  Services  were  then  held  by  the 
Reformed  congregation  in  the  old  town  hall. 


In  the  same  year  they  erected  a  new  Refoi'med 
Church  at  the  corner  of  Cherry  and  Third  Streets,  of 
I  brick,  two  stories  high,  which  is  the  building  still  oc- 
[  cypied  by  the  Trinity  congregation.  The  licentiate, 
I  Christian  C.  Russell,  commenced  preaching  in  this 
churcti  on  the  19th  of  October,  1850.  He  was  or- 
dained and  installed  on  the  Tth  of  December,  1856, 
and  resigned  in  the  spring  of  1858.  About  this  time 
the  church  was  sold  by  the  sheriff  and  purchased  by 
Nicholas  Hougendobler.  On  the  1st  of  December, 
1858,  Rev.  John  Hoft'meier  took  charge  of  the  con- 
gregation, which  was  at  this  time  very  small,  and  the 
few  members  who  adhered  to  the  congregation  were 
very  much  discouraged.  Mr.  Hoffuieier's  pastorate 
soon  terminated,  after  which  the  congregation  was 
supplied  by  different  ministers  of  Lancaster  Classis 
until  Oct.  29,  1864,  when  the  Rev.  James  A.  Shultz 
became  pastor,  but  after  a  few  months'  labor  was 
obliged  to  retire  on  account  of  sickness.  After  his 
withdrawal  Dr.  Theodore  Appel  and  Rev.  John  G. 
Wolf  were  appointed  a  committee  of  supply.  Under 
their  efficient  management  the  congregation  was  in- 
creased, and  funds  amounting  to  three  thousand  two 
hundred  dollars  were  collected  to  liquidate  the  church 
debt  and  redeem  the  church  property. 

In  1868  the  Rev.  F.  Pilgram's  pastorate  commenced, 
which  lasted  until  the  fall  of  1872.  The  audience- 
chamber  was  handsomely  frescoed,  and  the  entire 
building,  both  in  the  interior  and  exterior,  painted. 
An  organ  was  purchased  for  the  congregation,  and 
also  a  reed-organ  for  the  Sunday-school,  and  a  two- 
;  story  brick  parsonage  was  erected  upon  their  property 
adjoining  the  church  on  Cherry  Street. 

In  the  summer  of  1873,  Rev.  C.  Clever  became 
pastor,  and  under  his  energetic  and  efficient  ministry 
the  membership  was  largely  increased.  He  resigned 
in  February,  1879,  and  the  present  able  pastor,  Rev. 
C.  S.  Gerhard,  entered  upon  his  duties  on  July  1, 1879. 
The  entire  debt  against  the  church  and  parsonage  has 
been  removed.  This  church  up  to  January  1,  1883 
received  missionary  aid,  but  now  is  self-supporting 
The  present  membership  is  one  hundred  and  eighty- 
four,  and  the  Sunday-school  scholars  number  two 
hundred. 

The  German  Lutheran  Church  was  organized  con 
temporaneously  with  the  Gcrjuan  Reformed  Cliurch, 
and  through  their  combined  efforts  a  church  building 
was  erected  upon  a  lot  given  them  by  Samuel  Wright, 
which  is  located  on  the  south  side  of  Walnut  Street, 
midway  between  Third  and  Fouith  Streets.  The 
congregation  was  supplied  occasionally  by  the  minis- 
ters located  at  Maytown  and  Lanciuster  for  several 
years,  these  two  congregations  holding  service  on 
alternate  Sundays. 

St.   Paul's  Church. —Services  of   the  Protestant 

Episcopal  Church  were  held  occasionally  in  this  place 

I  by  the  Rev.  Joseph  Clarkson,  of  Lancaster,  as  early 

I  as  1820,  in  the  Presbyterian  Church  at  the  corner  of 

Fourth  and   Locust  Streets.      Services  ceased  alto- 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


557 


getiier  about  the  year  1835.  About  the  year  1840  an 
effort  was  made  to  organize  a  church  and  erect  a  build- 
iiig„and  six  luuidred  dollars  was  subscribed  for  that 
jiurpose.  Nothing  was  done,  however,  until  a  regular 
organization  was  perfected,  in  1848,  when  its  first  rector, 
Rev.  D  wight  E.  Lyman,  was  called  to  preside  over  them 
on  the  13th  day  of  August,  1848.  To  the  efibrts  of 
Mr.  Lyman  the  parish  owes  the  erection  of  its  very 
pretty  church  building.  The  corner-stone  was  laid 
Oct.  10, 1849,  and  completed  in  1850,  the  consecration 
taking  place  on  the  28th  day  of  May  of  that  year.  Mr. 
Lyuian  remained  in  charge  until  July,  1853.  He  was 
a  beautiful  reader  and  an  elegant  performer  on  the 
organ  or  piano-forte,  and  was  one  of  the  finest  singers 
of  sacred  music  within  the  range  of  the  Episcopal 
Cliurch.  He  connected  himself  with  the  Roman 
Catholic  Church  in  1854,  and  is  now  a  regular  or- 
dained priest.  The  history  of  the  church  has  been 
quiet,  and  its  growth  moderate. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  rectors  succeeding  Mr. 
Lyman  :  the  Rev.  Henry  W.  Woods,  from  December, 
1853,  to  Oct.  1,  1854;  Rev.  Alexander  McLeod,  D.D., 
from  May,  1855,  to  January,  ISoC;  the  Rev.  Samuel 
E.  Appleton,  from  July,  1857,  to  the  early  part  of 
1860;  Rev.  Theodore  A.  Hopkins,  of  Lancaster,  pro- 
vided services  temporarily  in  the  spring  and  summer 
of  1860;  Rev.  John  Cromlish,  from  January,  18Gl,to 
September,  1867.  He  is  now  a  minister  in  the  Meth-- 
odist  Episcopal  Church.  (In  the  summer  of  1865  the 
members  who  had  been  accustomed  to  attend  this 
church  from  Marietta  concluded  to  build  a  church  in 
that  place,  which  they  did,  and  this  parish  was  de- 
prived of  their  presence  and  offerings.)  Rev.  Benja- 
min L  Douglass,  from  January,  1868,  to  July,  1870. 
!  The  Rev.  George  H.  Kirkland,  from  Sept.  11,  1870, 
to  Dec.  28,  1873.  The  Rev.  Percival  Becket,  from 
Feb.  1,  1874,  to  July  11,  1875.  He  also  conducted  a 
parochial  classical  school.  The  Rev.  George  H.  Kirk- 
land (.second  time),  from  Sept.  5,  1875,  to  Aug.  5, 1879. 
The  Rev.  Richard  C.  Searing,  Dec.  5,  1879,  and  is  the 
present  pastor. 
There  is  a  Sunday-school  attached  to  the  church. 
United  Brethren  in  Christ.— In  the  year  1846 
the  first  families  belonging  to  this  denomination 
moved  to  Columbia.  Their  names  were  Christian 
Hershey  and  Solomon  Von  Neida.  The  first  preach- 
ing was  held  at  their  dwellings  by  itinerant  preach- 
ers who  happened  to  be  passing  through  the  place. 
From  this  small  beginning  their  numbers  gradually 
increased,  when  preaching  was  held  in  the  brick 
Bchool-house  on  Third  Street,  near  Perry  Street,  in 
the  year  1858-59.  A  great  many  persons  connected 
themselves  with  the  church  at  that  time.  In  the  year 
18C0  they  erected-  a  church  building  of  brick  at  the 
corner  of  Third  and  I'crry  Streets.  The  trustees  at 
that  time  were  Christian  Hershey,  Jonas  Gather,  and 
David  Wayne. 

A  Sabbath-school  was  ajso  organized,  which  now 
numbers   two   hundred    and    seventy-five    scholars; 


Jacob  Sneath,  superintendent.  There  are  now  two 
hundred  members  of  the  congregation  in  good  stand- 
ing.    The  ministers  in  regular  succession  were  Rev. 

Joseph  Young,  Gilbert,  J.  Scotf,  J.  Young,  T. 

Peters,  G.  W.'M.  Riger,  J.  Doughter,  W.  S.  H.  Keys, 
A.  Kauffmau,  G.  Wagner,  H.  V.  Mahn,  J.  C.  Munima, 
J.  W.  Geiger,  J.  D.  Mouer,  C.  S.  Meily,  S.  G.  Merrick, 
J.  C.  Smith,  and  J.  B.  Funk. 

The  present  trustees  are  John  C.  Klingbill,  A.  Dyer, 
Thomas  S.  White,  D.  Welsh,  and  Uriah  Sourbeer. 

The  congregation  and  Sunday-school  are  in  a  flour- 
ishing condition,  and  in  the  near  future  they  contem- 
plate the  erection  of  a  larger  church  building  in  a 
more  central  part  of  the  town. 

Evangelical  English  Lutheran  Church.— During 
the  year  1849,  Rev.  J.  H.  Menjes,  of  Mount  Joy, 
preached  at  stated  times  in  the  English  language  in 
the  German  Lutheran  Church  on  Walnut  Street. 
About  this  time  he  took  up  his  residence  in  Colum- 
bia, and  devoted  his  time  to  the  work  of  preparing 
the  way  for  the  organization  of  an  exclusively  Eng- 
lish Lutheran  Church.  J.  C.  Pfahler,  H.  Pfahler, 
Andrew  Gohn,  John  Hiffer,  and  others  were  active 
in  this  work,  and  to  their  efforts  is  owing  the  fact 
that  the  church  is  in  existence  to-day. 

The  formal  organization  of  the  church  did  not  take 
place  at  once,  but  the  work  of  building  a  place  of 
worship  was  first  completed.  The  land  for  the  site 
of  the  church  was  purchased  April  2,  1850,  and  the 
building  finished  during  the  next  two  years,  at  an  ex- 
pense of  !ji6390.50,  more  than  lialf  of  which  remained 
as  a  debt  against  the  new  congregation. 

The  congregation  was  incorporated  by  special  act 
of  the  Legislature,  March  8,  1853,  under  the  title  of 
the  English  Lutheran  Congregation  of  Columbia. 
During  the  subsequent  years  the  congregation  gradu- 
ally increased,  and  after  discharging  all  debts  and 
liabilities,  and  paying  for  numerous  improvements, 
in  1875,  under  the  ministry  of  Rev.  J.  C.  Burke,  the 
church  was  enlarged,  remodeled,  and  furnished  with 
all  the  modern  church  conveniences,  at  an  expense  of 
ten  thousand  dollars. 

In  the  spring  of  1881  certain  tendencies  culminated 
in  the  withdrawal  of  a  number  of  members,  who 
organized  a  new  congregation  which  located  farther 
up-town. 

\     The  church  was  without  a  pastor  at  the  time,  but 
soon  afterwards  obtained  one  in  the  person  of  Rev. 
William  P.  Evans,  who  assumed  charge  July  1,  1881. 
Since  that  time  there  has  been  steady  growth  and  a 
systematic  and  regular  reduction  of  the  church  debt. 
The  church  has  now  nearly  two  hundred  communi- 
cant members.     A  flourishing  Sunday-school,  with  a 
well-selected  library  of  twelve  iiundred  volumes,  and 
[  a    most    convenient,    well-ajipointed,   and    valuable 
!  church  property,  situated  on  Second  Street,  between 
I  Locust  and  Walnut. 

Thepresentboardof officersconsistof:  Elders,  John 
Steetin,  L.   C.  Oberlin,  J.  IL   Oberlin,  and  Samuel 


558 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


Filbert;  Deacons,  F.  A.  Bennett,  J.  G.  Beemer,  H.  F. 
Yergey,  L.  W.  May,  J.  G.  Peirce,  Ed.  Newcomer,  S. 
P.  Graver,  and  Dr.  0.  F.  Miirkel ;  Sunday-school 
Superintendent,  L.  W.  May. 

The  li.st  of  pastors  from  the  beginning  comprises 
the  following:  Rev.  J.  H.  Menges,  1849-00;  Rev.  P. 

E.  Dorsey,  M.D.,  1860-63;  Rev.  C.  Reemensnyder, 
1863-65 ;  Rev.  W.  H.  Steck,  1866-70 ;  Rev.  G.  M. 
Rhodes,  1870-74;  Eev.  J.  C.   Burke,  1875-77;  Rev. 

F.  W.  Staley,  1877-81  ;  Rev.  William  P.  Evans,  1881 
to  the  present  time. 

St.  Peter's  Catholic  Church  and  its  Auxiliary 
Institutions.— By  way  of  introduction  to  the  history 
of  this  church  the  following  preamble  is  taken  from 
the  subscription-book  issued  by  the  Rev.  Bernard 
Keenan,  in  which  he  authorizes  the  gentlemen  named 
therein  to  collect  money  for  the  erection  of  a  church 
in  the  borough  of  Columbia: 

"The  Ruman  Catholics  of  the  borough  of  Columbia  (by  tlie  grace  of 
God),  having  unanimously  resolved  to  build  a  Rornim  Catholic  Church 
in  said  place.endia  order  to  enable  them  to  proceed  in  so  necessary  and 
laudable  an  undertaking,  are  induced  to  solicit  Gubscriptiona  from  a  gen- 
erous and  charitable  public. 

"As  Roman  Catholic  pastor  of  Lancaster  County,  I  sanction  and 
highly  approve  of  the  resolution  adopted  by  the  congregation  of  the 
borough  of  C\)lunibia,  under  my  caro,  and  likewise  state  that  Messrs. 
George  Zieglei",  John  Arms,  John  McMullen,and  Doniinick  Eagle,  who 
compose  the  committee  for  collecting  subscriptions,  are  persons  worthy 
of  the  highest  cotiftdence  and  tlust.and  capable  of  performing  the 
duties  reposed  in  them. 

"Rev.  Bf.rnaed'Keenan. 

"  Lancabtf.u  City,  2d  March,  1828." 

In  pursuance  of  the  resolution  to  erect  a  church, 
approved  by  the  Rev.  Father  Keenan,  measures  were 
taken  to  secure  a  site.  Two  lots  on  Lancaster  Ave- 
nue, lately  used  as  a  cemetery,  were  bought.  It  was 
afterwards,  however,  thought  best  to  select  a  spot  in 
a  more  central  part  of  the  town,  and  the  ground  upon 
which  the  church  now  stands  was  purchased.  The 
funds  necessary  for  commencing  the  building  were  not 
■without  a  hard  struggle  raised,  and  in  1828  a  contract 
for  the  erection  of  the  church  was  given  to  Israel 
Cooper.  The  corner-stone  was  laid  in  1828,  and  in 
1830  the  church  was  dedicated  by  the  Right  Rev.  F. 
Patrick  Kenrick.  Before  the  erection  of  the  church 
the  few  Catholics  living  in  Columbia  were  obliged,  in 
order  to  hear  mass,  to  go  either  to  Lancaster,  York, 
or  Elizabethtown.  Sometimes,  however,  during  this 
period  mass  was  said  in  private  houses,  that  a  better 
opportunity  might  be  afforded  the  people  of  Colum- 
bia and  vicinity  of  fuUilling  their  religious  duties. 
Prior  to  the  building  of  the  church  missionary  priests 
from  Conewago  and  other  places  occasionally  visited 
the  town.  From  1828,  the  date  of  the  laying  of  the 
corner-stone,  until  1842,  Father  Keenan  came  once  a 
month  from  Lancaster  to  say  mass  and  attend  to  the 
spiritual'  v/anta  of  the  congregation.  In  February, 
1842,  came  Rev.  Daniel  Kelly  to  reside  in  Columbia 
as  the  pastor  of  St.  Peter's  congregation.  His  suc- 
cessors in  order  of  their  appointment  were  Revs.  John 
Mackin,  B.  A.  Shorb,  M.  F.  Martin,  Dr.  Bulfc,  Dr. 
Leitner,  Rev.  P.  Toner,  ami  Rev.  A.  McGinnis. 


The  church  was  enlarged  by  Dr.  Balfe,  and  the 
parochial  house  built  by  the  Rev.  Father  Shorl 
and  the  ground  in  front  of  the  church  was  terracei! 
and  otherwise  beautified  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Leitner, 
who  also  had  a  neat  iron  railing  erected  about  the 
church  premises. 

This  short  history  of  the  Roman  Catholic  Church 
in  Columbia  would  not  be  complete  without  record- 
ing the  fact  "that  the  Right  Rev.  Francis  Patrick 
Kenrick,  Bishop  of  Philadelphia,  trustee  for  the 
Catholic  congregation  of  the  borough  of  Columbia." 
procured  an  act  of  the  Legislature,  per  McSherry,  au- 
thorizing him  to  convey  by  deed  unto  Robert  B. 
Wright,  Esq.,  his  heirs,  etc.,  a  part  of  the  lot  on 
which  the  church  was  built  in  exchange  for  all  that 
part  of  his  lot  adjoining  the  Catholic  Church  lot 
aforesaid,  lying  and  being  southeast  of  a  line  drawn 
from  the  west  corner  of  the  Catholic  parsonage  at 
right  angles  to  Second  Street."  For  this  kind  and 
generous  act  on  the  part  of  Mr.  Wright  in  exchanging 
lots  without  any  money  consideration  the  members  ot 
St.  Peter's  congregation  felt  very  grateful  to  him,  and 
justly,  for  it  enabled  them  to  have  an  entrance  to 
their  church  from  Second  Street  instead  of  from 
Union  Street,  as  formerly,  and  it  also  prevented  tl  - 
erection  of  objectionable  buildings  right  in  front  o 
the  church  door,  and  his  memory  is  still  held  in 
grateful  respect  by  the  members  of  St.  Peter's  Church. 

On  the  30th  of  September,  1866,  Rev.  J.  J.  Russell 
was  appointed  pastor  by  the  Right  Rev.  James  F. 
Wood,  Bishop  of  Philadelphia.  The  congregation  at 
that  time  was  not  large,  numbering  about  one  hun- 
dred families.  It  possessed  what  is  now  called  the 
old  church  property,  corner  of  Second  and  Union 
Streets,  which  extended  on  Second  Street  one  hun- 
dred feet  and  on  Union  one  hundred  and  forty-five 
feet,  and  on  which  were  erected  the  church  and  paro- 
chial house.  In  the  same  year  the  church  and  house 
underwent  a  complete  renovation.  In  1872  two  brick 
houses  on  Union  above  Second  were  purchased  foi 
the  congregation,  one  of  which  was  used  as  a  dwell- 
ing-house by  the  Sisters  who  had  charge  of  the  paro 
chial  schools,  and  the  other  as  a  school-house. 

The  parochial  schools  which  the  reverend  pastor 
opened  have  been  marked  by  exceptional  success,  es- 
pecially since  the  advent  of  the  Sisters  of  Charity. 
A  notable  feature  of  these  schools  is  the  annual 
public  examinations,  which  many  of  the  educated 
citizens  of  the  town  are  accustomed  to  attend.  The 
searching  questioning  to  which  the  pupils  are  sub- 
jected at  these  examinations  shows  most  clearly  the 
proficiency  wliich  children,  with  close  application  to 
study,  may  be  able  to  attain  under  the  careful  train- 
ing of.  efficient  teachers. 

For  the  better  convenience  of  that  part  of  the  Hock 
living  in  Wrightsville,  a  piece  of  land  was  purchased 
in  that  borough  in  tlie  year  1874  by  Rev.  J.  J.  Rus- 
sell for  a  cemetery,  which  was  consecrated  by  Right 
Rev.  J.  F.  Shanahan,  Bishop  of  Harrisburg,  Juue  71' 


BOROUGH   OP   COLUMBIA. 


559 


t\ 


of  this  year.  Prior  to  the  buying  of  the  ground  for 
the  cemetery,  a  house  for  school  purposes  in  that 
town  was  secured,  in  which  school  has  continued  to 
be  held.  Id  March  of  the  same  year  the  St.  Patrick's 
Temperance  and  Beneficial  Society  was  established 
in  the  parish,  as  well  as  another  society  called  St. 
Peter's  Church  Society.  The  following  extract  from 
the  latter  society's  minute-book  will  explain  the 
object  of  its  organization  : 

"At  a  meeting  of  the  parisliiouera  of  St.  Peter's  Church,  Aug.  2, 1874, 
called  by  Rev.  J.  J.  Russell,  pastor  of  the  above  church,  for  the  purpose 
of  adapting  some  means  by  which  to  raise  money  to  pay  for  the  new 
church  property  lately  purchased  by  him  for  tlie  cougregation, 

"Resolved,  That  the  parishioners  form  themselves  into  an  association 
under  the  title  of  St.  Peter's  Church  Society,  fur  the  liquidation  of  the 
debt  incurred  by  the  above-mentioned  purchase,  and  that  each  member 
pay  monthly  a  certain  sum  of  money  into  the  treasury  of  said  society." 

This  property  adjoins  the  old  church  property  on 
the  northwest  side,  and  extends  on  Second  Street  one 
hundred  and  sixteen  feet,  giving  the  entire  church 
property  a  frontage  of  two  hundred  and  sixteen  feet. 
The  building  erected  by  the  former  owners  of  the 
property  is  now  the  pastoral  residence. 

A  noteworthy  occurrence  in  this  church's  history 
was  the  ordination  to  the  priesthood  of  Rev.  A.  J. 
O'Brien,  nephew  of  Rev.  Father  Russell,  by  the  Right 
Rev,  J.  F.  Shanahan,  on  the  morning  of  the  21st  of 
November,  1874.  So  solemn  a  ceremony  as  the  con- 
ferring of  the  sacrament  of  Holy  Orders  naturally 
drew  to  the  church  almost  the  entire  Catholic  popu- 
lation of  Columbia,  Marietta,  and  Wrightsville.  On 
May  30,  1878,  the  corner-stone  of  the  convent  build- 
ing was  laid  by  the  Right  Rev.  Bishop  of  Harris- 
burg,  assisted  by  a  large  number  of  clergy  of  the 
diocese,  in  the  presence  of  an  immense  concourse  of 
people.  The  work  upon  the  building  was  pushed 
vigorously,  and  in  a  very  short  time  a  substantial, 
magnificent,  and  commodious  structure  stood  com- 
plete in  every  detail. 

As  an  educational  institution  for  young  ladies  it  is 
meeting  with  merited  popularity  and  success.  The 
6ame  Right  Rev.  prelate  consecrated  the  convent  and 
the  convent  chapel  on  the  8th  day  of  the  follow- 
ing December.  The  convent  was  built  according  to 
the  plans  and  specifications  of  E.  F.  Durang,  the  re- 
nowned Philadelphia  architect,  and  under  the  im- 
mediate supervision  of  the  Rev.  J.  J.  Russell.  The 
building,  including  the  Mansard  roof,  is'  fbur  stories 
high,  surmounted  by  a  cupola,  from  which  a  com- 
manding view  is  had  of  the  picturesque  scenery  along 

J  the  Susquehanna  River,  and  of  the  undulating  coun- 
try on  either  side,  and  it  has  eight  bow-windows  of 
semicircular  form  in  front. 

'  On  the  same  day  after  the  consecration  of  the  con- 
vent the  Right  Rev.  Bishop  blessed  St.  Peter's  new 
cemetery,  which  is  situated  in  West  Hempfield  town- 
ship, on  the  farm  purchased  by  the  Rev.  Pastor  for 
the  people  of  the  parish,  with  the  express  purpose, 
principally,'  of.  securing  for  them  a  suitable  spot 
wherein  the  sacred  remains  of  their  departed  friends 


might  decently  lie  until  the  day  of  final  resurrection. 
In  the  convent  are  a  high  school  and  an  academy, 
under  the  control  of  the  Sisters  of  Charity  of  Mount  St. 
yincent's,  on  the  Hudson,  N.  Y.  The  former  is  de- 
signed for  the  more  advanced  children  of  the  parish, 
the  hitter  as  a  boarding-school  solely  for  young  ladies 
who  are  not  of  the  congregation  or  who  live  without 
its  boundaries.  Besides  the  societies  already  men- 
tioned there  are  in  connection  with  the  church  three 
sodalities,  whose  end  is  solely  a  religious  one.  Writ- 
ing on  the  subject  of  societies  it  will  not  be  out  of 
place  here  to  speak  of  the  "St.  Peter's  Building  and 
Loan  Association,"  instituted  in  June,  1876,  which 
holds  its  meetings  in  a  school-room  in  the  convent. 
The  present  officers  are:  President,  C.  F.  Young; 
Vice-President,  J.  C.  Atwood ;  Treasurer,  Rev.  J.  J. 
Russell;  Secretary,  John  B.  Wisler;  Directors,  James 
Mack,  Daniel  McCarty,  William  Foley,  Martin  Ford, 
Cormick  McCall,  Bryan  Cavauaugh,  Bart  Foley,  P. 
Moriarity,  John  McCall,  F.  McCarty,  L.  Heudrick, 
James  Gegan. 

This  association  has  thus  far  prospered,  as  the  value 
of  the  shares  (one  hundred  and  forty-seven  dollars) 
at  the  end  of  its  seventh  year  shows.  The  Columbia 
Workingmen's  Saving  Fund  and  Building  Associa- 
tion, when  in  existence,  held  its  meetings  in  the  base- 
ment of  the  church,  and  was,  in  a  sense,  a  parochial 
society,  since  so  many  parishioners  have  obtained 
homes  through  it.  At  the  end  of  nine  years  it  termi- 
nated a  successful  career,  the  value  of  two  hundred 
dollars  per  share  having  been  attained. 

St.  Peter's  Sunday-school  of  Columbia  has  an  aver- 
age attendance  of  one  hundred  and  thirty  children. 
The  superintendent  of  this  Sunday-school  was  for  a 
number  of  years  Mr.  Francis  Ziegler.  Since  October, 
1872,  the  Sisters  of  Charity  have  the  conduct  of  it. 
The  number  of  pupils  who  attend  Sunday-school  in 
Wrightsville  is  about  twenty,  and  at  present  Mr. 
Charles  Dougherty  superintends  it,  and  of  late  years 
the  day  school  has  been  under  the  charge  of  lay 
teachers. 

Holy  Trinity  (German  Roman  Catholic)  Church. 
— This  church  edifice  is  of  brick,  located  on  Cherry, 
between  Fourth  and  Fifth  Streets,  and  was  built  in 
1800,  under  the  supervision  of  Rev.  Father  Schafirot, 
then  pastor  in  charge  of  this  parish.  For  the  first 
two  years  services  were  held  in  the  basement  of  the 
building,  as  the  edifice  was  nut  completed  and  dedi- 
cated until  18U2. 

In  18(33,  Mr.  Schaflfrot  was  succeeded  in  the  pastor- 
ate by  Rev.  Father  AVilliam  Pieper,  the  present  pas- 
tor. During  Mr.  Pieper's  pastorate  the  church  edifice 
was  enlarged  (1873)  to  nearly  double  its  original  seat- 
ing capacity,  marble  altars  placed  in  the  chancel, 
memorial  windows  inserted  in  place  of  the  old  ones, 
statuary  and  paintings  placed  in  proper  position,  add- 
ing grandeur  to  the  beautifully-frescoed  walls  and 
ceiling,  making  it  one  of  the  pleasantest  and  most 
attractive  audience-rooms  in  Columbia. 


560 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER    COUNTY. 


In  1865  the  present  parsonage  was  built,  and  in 
18G9  the  Sisters'  house,  in  rear  of  and  adjoining  the 
church,  was  erected.  Tliey  have  charge  of  the  school, 
which  was  establislied  in  the  basement  of  the  cliurch 
in  18(57,  and  at  present  numbers  two  and  forty  pupils. 

Tlie  present  membership  of  Holy  Trinity  Cliurch 
is  about  two  hundred  and  fifty. 

Church  of  God.— The  followers  of  Rev.  John 
Winebrenner  held  religious  meetings  for  a  few  years 
at  private  dwellings.  In  the  latter  part  of  the  year 
1878  and  beginning  of  1879,  through  the  personal  ex- 
ertions of  Rev.  J.  W.  Deshong,  money  enough  was 
raised  by  subscription  to  erect  a  brick  meeting-house 
at  the  corner  of  Seventh  and  Walnut  Streets.  Mr. 
Deshong  was  followed  by  the  Revs.  C.  W.  Win- 
bigler,  J.  H.  Esterline,  and  S.  C.  D.  Jackson,  the 
present  pastor.  The  present  membership  numbers 
thirty.  The  church  was  not  regularly  organized 
until  March  30,  1879.  There  is  also  a  Sunday-school 
attached  to  the  church,  numbering  ten  teachers  and 
ninety-five  scholars. 

St.  Jolin's  Lutheran  Church, — On  Sunday,  March 
27,  1881,  a  number  of  the  members  of  the  Lutheran 
Church  on  Second  Street  severed  their  connection 
with  that  organization.  On  the  8th  day  of  April, 
1881,  these  members  met  at  St.  Paul's  Lutheran 
Church,  on  Locust  Street  above  Fifth,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  organizing  a  new  church,  which  was  done, 
under  the  title  which  heads  this  sketch  ;  but  no  im- 
mediate measures  were  taken  to  erect  a  church  build- 
ing or  securing  the  services  of  a  pastor.  Their  first 
object  was  to  take  care  of  the  children  and  build  up 
a  Sabbath-school.  Schuler's  Hall,  opposite  the  opera- 
house,  on  Locust  Street,  was  secured  for  that  purpose. 
They  were  supplied  from  April  to  September  by  the 
Revs.  Samuel  Yingling,  Hering,  Anstadt,  Barnitz, 
Frazier,  Fritz,  Miller,  Stine,  Brown,  and  Feusler, 
Lutheran  ministers,  who  came  to  Schuler's  and  Ar- 
mory Halls  and  preached  for  them.  They  were  much 
pleased  with  Samuel  Yingling,  and  in  September, 
1881,  they  gave  him  a  regular  call,  when  he  became 
their  pastor.  From  this  period  new  life  was  given  to 
this  weak  congregation,  and  they  took  measures  to 
procure  a  lot  of  ground  whereon  they  desired  to  erect 
their  church.  A  lot  was  purchased  on  the  south- 
east side  of  Locust  Street  above  Sixth.  The  ladies 
of  the  congregation  worked  unceasingly,  and  con- 
tinued to  provide  means  to  meet  the  daily  expenses 
■while  the  new  church  building  was  being  erected. 
They  were  assisted  very  much  by  their  pastor  and 
the  male  members  of  the  congregation.  The  build- 
ing, which  is  in  its  internal  arrangement  the  most 
complete  of  all  the  Protestant  churches  in  the  place, 
cost  ten  thousand  dollars,  one-half  of  which  sum  was 
raised  by  the  "  workers"  in  the  con-gregation  before 
its  completion.  The  building  was  completed  on  the 
1st  day  of  October,  1882.  •  This  congregation  up  to 
June,  1882,  held"  no  synodical  relations  wiih  either 
branch  of  the   Lutheran    Church   government.      In 


that  month  they  were  received  into  the  Synod  of 
Pennsylvania  at  its  meeting  in  Philadelphia. 

The  Sabbath-school  received  the  first  anxious  care 
of  tjiose  who  separated  from  the  Lutheran  Churcli  oa 
Seconil  Street.  The  school  was  first  held  at  the  private 
residence  of  Charles  P.  Schreiner,  on  Locust  Street, 
where  there  was  an  attendance  of  seventy  children. 
On  the  following  Sabbath,  which  was  on  April  11, 
1881,  the  school  convened  in  Schuler's  Hall,  where 
one  hundred  and  forty-seven  children  were  in  attend- 
ance. From  that  place  they  removed  to  Armory 
Hall,  on  Walnut  Street,  above  Second  Street,  where 
the  number  increased  to  one  hundred  and  seventy-- 
four.  The  officers  of  the  school  were  Henry  Leaman, 
assistant  superintendent;  C.  C.  Hogentogler,  secre- 
tary; W.  H.  Herr,  treasurer;  Mrs.  C.  P.  Shreiner 
and  Miss  Hallie  Clepper,  assistants  in  the  infant 
school;  and  Mrs.  Benjamin  Herr,  treasurer;  George 
Tille,  librarian  ;  Isaac  T.  Gitt,  assistant;  and  Messrs. 
Harry  Bennett,  John  Williams,  Jacob  Lutz,  and 
Tyson  Simpson,  directors. 

Colored  Churches.— In  the  year  1822,  John  Sta- 
man  gave  a  lot  of  ground  at  the  corner  of  Cmicord 
and  Fifth  Streets  to  the  Rev.  Joseph  Henderson, 
who  conveyed  the  same  to  Joseph  Henderson,  Wal- 
ter Green,  John  Winston,  and  Nicholas  Pleasants, 
trustees  of  the  Colored  Baptist  Church.  These  trus- 
tees and  a  large  niaj(jrity  of  the  congregation  were 
manumitted  slaves  from  Virginia,  who  came  to  ihe 
place  in  1817-19. 

In  1823  a  little  frame  church  was  built,  and  in  the 
same  year  with  the  assistance  of  John  McKissick  and 
William  P.  Beatty  a  Sunday-school  was  started.  This 
church  was  largely  attended  for  many  years,  and  on 
special  occasions  many  white  persons  attended  also. 
As  the  pioneer  members  began  to  die,  the  church 
gradually  declined  until  there  werenot  enough  left  to 
hold  service.  The  last  of  these  manumitted  slaves,' 
Benjamin  Randolph,  died  two  years  ago,  when  the 
old  church  building  was  torn  down  and  another  small 
church  building  across  the  street,  which  belonged  to 
Zion's  colored  congregation,  was  removed  to  it. 

Contemporaneous  with  the  erection  of  this  church, 
and  by  manumitted  slaves  also,  was  built  a  small 
frame  church  in  the  alley  between  Union  and  Perry 
Streets  and  Third  and  Second  Streets,  called  the 
Mount  Zion  African  Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 

The  congregation  worshiped  there  until  the  Rev. 
Stephen  Smith  purchased  the  frame  church  from  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  in  the  alley  between 
Cherry  and  Union  and  Fourth  and  Fifth  Streets, 
about  the  year  1832.  The  building  was  destroyed 
by  fire,  and  another  one  of  brick  was  built.  Twenty 
years  ago  they  sold  the  church,  and  built  another  one 
on  Fifth  Street,  below  Union  Street,  which  they  sold 
to  the  public  school  board  for  a  colored  school.  A 
few  years  ago  they  erected  a  new,  much  larger,  and 
more  substantial  brick  church  on  the  same  street,  a 
little  west  of  the  old  one. 


BOROUGH   OP   COLUMBIA. 


561 


'  Another  church,  called  the  Union  Church,  was 
•erected  on  the  south  side  of  Union  Street,  between 
Fourth  and  Filth  Streets,  about  tlie  same  time  the 
first  two  were  built.  Preaching  is  only  occasionally 
held  in  the  building. 

The  religious  feeling  among  the  present  generation 
of  colored  people  in  Columbia  may  be  said  to  be  on 
the  decline. 

Educational. — Prior  to  the  Revolutionary  period 
there  were  no  school-houses  or  regular  schools  kept 
at  Wright's  Ferry. 

■  Occasionally  an  Irish  peripatetic  school-teacher 
■tame  to  the  neighborhood,  and  taught  school  during 
the  winter  months,  and  boarded  around  with  the 
parents  of  the  children.  The  Wrights,  Barbers,  and 
Bethels  were  intermarried  with  each  other,  and  were 
the  only  English-speaking  families  who  resided  per- 
manently at  the  ferry. 

Those  of  them  who  desired  a  better  and  more  thor- 
ough education  for  their  children  than  could  be  ob- 
tained at  home,  sent  them  to  Lancaster  or  Philadel- 
phia, and  to  the  select  schools  conducted  by  Friends 
"in  Chester  County  and  Cecil  County,  Md.  The  pro- 
neer  settlers  were  well  educated  before  they  came  to 
the  river,  and  it  is  probable  that  many  of  the  children 
were  taught  the  rudiments  of  an  education  at  home. 
That  remarkable  woman,  Susanna  Wright,  took  care 
of  the  children  of  her  brother  James  and  Samuel 
Bethel.  She  not  only  taught  them  to  read  and  write 
and  the  rudiments  of  arithmetic,  but  how  to  paint 
and  use  the  needle  also.  She  was  implicitly  obeyed 
in  everything.  She  was  abundantly  able  to  teach 
them  the  higher  branches,  and  to  her  her  brother 
James  was  indebted  for  much  he  knew,  and  his  success 
in  life. 

•  The  first  attempt  to  establish  a  school  where  the 
higher  branches  were  taught  was  in  the  summer  of 
1800,  when  Robert  Patton  opened  a  boarding-school 
for  boys  only.  The  school  was  held  in  the  little  brick 
meeting-house  belonging  to  Friends,  situated  on  the 
south  side  of  Cherry  Street,  a  short  distance  above 
Third  Street.  In  addition  to  the  common  branches, 
that  of  surveying  was  also  added.  The  price  of  board- 
ing was  twenty,  and  tuition  five  dollars  per  quarter. 
The  scholars  were  boarded  at  private  houses.  The 
school  was  not  self-sustaining,  and  Mr.  Patton  gave 
up  teaching,  and  entered  into  mercantile  pursuits,  for 
which  he  was  well  fitted. 

Edward  Postlelhwait  Page,  an  Englishman,  who 
had  been  an  officer  under  Nelson  at  the  battle  of 
Trafalgar,  in  1805,  followed  Patton.  He  was  a  very 
eccentric  person,  but  occasionally  displayed  great 
talent.  He  had  the  gift  of  oratory,  and  when  he  at- 
fptidcd  a  town-meeting  or  the  lyceum  he  often  aston- 
iblicd  his  audience  by  bursts  of  eloquence  surpassed 
by  no  trained  speaker  in  the  country.  He  had  an 
English  soldier  with  him,  who  was  dressed  up  in 
taiilitary  uniform  and  acted  as  usher. 

Page  also  taught  the  first  Sunday-school   in  Co- 


lumbia, in  the  Quaker  meeting-house.  The  late  Sam-  • 
uel  Nelson  Houston  was  the  last  of  his  scholars.  He 
removed  to  Marietta,  Ohio,  where  he  died  many 
years  sgo.  He  was  followed  by  Welden  Brinton,  who 
taught  in  the  same  place.  He  was  succeeded  by  Dr. 
Edwin  A.'Atlee,  who  also  taught  in  the  same  place. 
He  had  a  Revolutionary  soldier,  who  wore  a  "  cocked 
hat,"  for  usher.  He  was  a  great  musician,  and  rose 
to  distinction  in  the  medical  profession.  He  owned 
and  lived  in  the  brick  building  occupied  by  Dr. 
Eodgers,  on  Locust  Street.  Samuel  N.  Houston, 
who  was  also  one  of  his  pupils,  lived  and  died  in  the 
adjoining  house. 

A  number  of  prominent  citizens,  whose  names  are 
appended  to  the  following,  made  the  first  organized 
effort  to  establish  a  better  school  in  Columbia : 

"  Whereaa,  a  NumbPi-  of  the  inhabitants  of  this  Place  (Columbia)  are 
BolicitonB  fur  the  education  of  their  Children  and  those  under  their  care, 
which,  uudcr  the  present  Regulation  of  Schools,  they  cannot  liave 
done  satisfactorily  to  themselves,  they  therefore  propose  to  erect  a 
School-house  and  establish  a  School  therein  for  the  purpose  above  men- 
tioned under  their  own  immediate  direttion,  and  submit  the  following 
Plan  for  that  Purpose,  \  iz. ; 

"1.  That  William  Wright,  Saml.  Bethel,  and  .\mos  H^irmer  be  Com- 
misBioners,  who  shall  open  a  Subscription  for  Fifty  Shares  of  Stock  and 
enter  therein  as  follows  :  We,  whose  names  are  hereunto  subscribed,  do 
promise  to  pay  to  the  President  and  Trustees  of  the  Columbia  School 
the  sum  of  Ten  Dolhiis  for  eveiy  share  of  Slouk  in  said  School  set  op- 
posite to  our  names  respectively,  in  such  manner  and  proportions,  aud 
at  such  times  as  may  be  determined  on  by  said  President  and  Trustees. 

"2.  No  Person  shall  subscribe  for  more  than  two  Shares,  provided  a 
sufficient  Number  offer  at  that  nite. 

"3.  Each  Subscriber  shall  be  enti 
Share  subaci  ibed,  and  Subacriberfl  shu 
Bcribers  in  fllling  up  Vacancies 

"4-  Each  Subscriber  shall  pay  Fiv 
each  Share  at  the  time  of  subscribing 
pay  the  same  into  the  hands  of  the  Treasurer  as  soon  as  he  shall  be  ap- 

"5.  Wheu  two-thirds  of  the  shares  are  subscrihed  for 
shall  meet  unJ  choose  by  Dallot  thirteen  of  their  Nunil 
styled  Trustees,  which  Trustees  shall  again  elect  out  of 
President,  Treasurer,  and  Secretary,  to  act  as  such  for  oi 

"  6.  The  Treasurer  shall  give  bond  with  security,  if  i 
performance  of  the  dutira  intrusted  to  him. 

"7.  Wheu  all  the  shitres  are  paid  in  full,  the  Trustees  by  their  Presi- 
dent shall  issue  a  Certiticate  to  each  Stockholder  for  the  number  of 
She  ;s  by  him  held,  healing  an  Interest  of  six  per  cent,  per  Annum, 
Iransferrable  in  the  Presence  of  the  Treasurei'. 

"8.  At  all  Elections  eaeh  Stockholder,  for  one  share  shall  have  one 
Vote  ;  for  two  or  more  shares,  two  Votes. 

"  9.  Every  vacancy  in  the  Doard  of  Trustees  by  Death,  Resignation,  or 
otherwise,  shall  be  foitliwith  supplied  by  an  election  held  for  that  pur- 
pose. 

"  10.  The  Trustees  shall  have  power  to  purchase  or  receive,  by  Dona- 
Uon  or  otherwise,  a  suitable  Lot  on  which  to  erect  a  School-house  and 
to  receive  a  Deed  for  the  same  in  Truat  for  the  Stockholders  genenilly, 
and  to  contract  with  Workmen,  purchase  llatoriiila,  ic,  and  to  have 
the  sole  management  of  the  same,  and  whenever  tliey  shall  see  cause, 
lay  a  statement  of  the  Expenditures  before  a  Meeting  of  the  Stock- 
holders to  be  convened  for  that  purpose.  And  provided  the  E.\pen86  of 
erecting  and  preparing  the  said  School-house  shall  exceed  Uie  amount 
of  the  Original  Subscription,  then,  Mid  in  that  case,  the  said  Trustees 
shall  open  anew  Subscription  foriw  timny  mote  i>liRreB  as  shall  be  neces- 
sary to  make  up  the  deficiency,  which  new  bIiuitb  sh:ill  he  at  the  Eate 


.ired,  for  the 


itees  shall  have  the  sole  din 


HISTORY   OP   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


1  Tru>i 


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re  of  Block  in  said  Bchool  set 

1  by  Baid  Presidt^ut  and  Truste 
Stock.  Na 


times  ad  may  be 


S..UI'   Mi;i.'i  

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J«IIM-,S    W,,,.|,1.J| 

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Ji-   Wri-lit 

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JacoirCumrort 

Daniel"ilTli'"r.'.'.'.'.'.V.V.'.'.V.'. 

2 

Biirl.ura  Stump 

1 

Sam>.  WlJKllt i 

Columbia  School.— On  the  25th  day  of  March, 
1807,  Saimiel  Wright  conveyed  to  Samuel  Bethel, 
Esq.,  Maj.  Thomas  Boude,  Dr.  Edwin  A.  Atlee,  Rob- 
ert Patton,  James  Wright,  William  F.  Beatty,  Esq., 
Jonathan  Mifflin,  John  Evan.s,  William  Wright,  Na- 
thaniel Barber,  Christian  Breneman,  and  James 
Graham,  for  one  silver  dollar,  Lot  No.  104,  and 
measuring  fifty  feet  on  Third  Street,  and  extending 
sixty  feet  along  a  public  alley  between  Locust  and 
Cherry  Streets,  for  the  purpose  of  erecting  a  school- 
house  upon  it. 

The  stockholders  increased,  and  the  nurnber  of 
shares  from  fifty  to  sixty,  and  the  value  from  ten  to 
fourteen  dollars  per  share.  In  the  year  1807  they 
erected  a  one-story  brick  building,  measuring  twenty- 
eight  feet  in  front,  and  extending  along  a  public 
alley  thirty-five  feet. 

The  original  stockholders  are  named  above..  They 
organized  by  the  election  of  a  president,  secretary, 
treasurer,  and  twelve  trustees. 

The  first  teacher  was  E.  P.  Page.  He  was  followed 
by  Dr.  Edwin  A.  Atlee,  William  Kirkwood,  Thomas 
Trump,  Elisha  Hallovvay,  Jesse  Haines  ;  in  1819  by 
Moses  P.  Cheney,  who  taught  again  in  1826.  He 
had  been  a  teacher  in  the  Westtown  school  in  Ches- 
ter County.  He  was  followed  by  Thomas  Sharpe  in 
the  fall  of  1823.  During  his  term  a  belfry  was 
erected  on  the  top  of  the  school-house  and  a  bell 
placed  in  it.  He  resigned  in  1826,  and,  as  before 
stated,  Mr.  Cheney  took  charge  of  the  school  April 
1,  1826  ;  he  was  assisted  by  Benjamin  Gilberf.  He 
resigned  in  1828.  On  the  29th  day  of  March,  1828, 
Frederick  Hinkson  took  charge  of  the  school,  and  re- 
signed during  the  following  summer.  He  was  suc- 
ceeded by  William  Van  Wyke  on  July  27,  1828,  who 
resigned  in  September,  and  was  succeeded  by  G. 
Gillett. 

Charles  Farnani  came  in  1832.  An  incident  oc- 
curred to  him  which  he  had  good  reason  to  remember 
while  he  remained  in  Columbia.  He  was  very  hasty 
and  passionate.  Cyrus  Strickler  was  one  of  his 
pupils,  whom  he  chastised  "very  severely  for  an  of- 
fense he  did  not  coininit,  and  he  left  the  school  and 
declined  to  return  again.    He  returned  to  the  school- 


not  ofler  a  sufhcient  inducement  to  command  thi  I 

t  educational  talent.  1 

?he  stockholders  on  the  28th  day  of  August,  IS^.O,  { 

de  an  effort  to  reorganize  the  school  and  enUige  £ 

building.     On  the  4th  day  of  September,  1830,  i  J» 

nmittee  reported  in  favor  of  the  erection  of  abuiM-  » 


room,  accompanied  by  his  father,  Jacob  Strickler,  to 
procure  his  books.  Farnam  at  once  commenced  to 
lecture  and  upbraid  Mr.  Strickler  for  his  want  nf 
discipWne  and  watchfulness  over  his  son's  welfm 
Mr.  Strickler,  who  was  also  of  hasty  temperanitiit 
commencecl  to  belabor  the  teacher  with  a  raw-hide 
There  was  no  school  for  some  days  afterwards.  Far- 
nam removed  to  the  basement  of  the  Methodist  Epis 
copal  Church  in  1833,  where  he  also  taught  a  night- 
school.  This  school  at  various  periods  seemed  to 
prosper,  and  bid  fair  to  establish  a  plant  for  one  of 
much  higher  grade.  The  trustees  or  managers  were 
not  fortunate  in  procuring  the  right  kind  of  a  teacht  r 
The  changes  were  too  frequent,  and  the  man  igt  rs 
did  not  offer  a  sufficient  inducement  to  comman 
best  educational  talent. 

The 
made 
the 

committee  repo 
ing  large  enough  to  accommodate' two  hundred    u   1 
fifty  scholars,  ou   Cherry  Street,  a  period   when   il 
sohool  was  struggling  for  an  existence.     It  seems  lu 
have  breathed  its  last  breath  in  1831. 

The  Lancasterian  system  was  then  under  successful 
headway  in  the  town  hall.  In  a  few  years  the  free 
school  law  came  into  force,  which  also  operated  against 
the  success  of  this  school.  The  effort  to  erect  a  large 
school  building  on  Cherry  Street  was  a  failure. 

There  seems  to  be  a  hiatus  in  the  records  of  this 
school  from  January,  1831,  to  May  11,  1838,  when  the 
stockholders  met  to  reorganize  the  school.  They  in- 
creased the  number  of  shares  to  one  hundred  at  four- 
teen dollars  per  share,  for  the  purpose  of  raising 
money  to  put  another  story  upon  the  building  and 
extending  it  several  feet  in  the  rear.  The  following- 
named  persons  subscribed  for  the  additional  shares: 
Samuel  W.  Mifflin,  Henry  Breneman,  Dr.  J.  S. 
Clarkson,  Joseph  Black,  Davis  Gohenn,  Abraham 
Bruner,  Samuel  Grove,  Joseph  Cottrell,  Thomas  H. 
Pearce,  Dr.  George  Moore,  William  Mathiot,  Owen 
B.  Goodman,  Moses  Whitson,  James  Barber,  Jacob 
F.  Markley,  Albert  G.  Bradford,  James  Caldwell, 
James  Cresson,  Israel  Cooper,  Robert  K.  Colvin, 
Alexander  Rowan,  William  Wright,  John  L.  Wright, 
Jonathan  Pusey,  Robert  B.  Wright,  Joseph  W.  Cot- 
trell, Christian  Haldeman,  Peter  Haldeman,  Reuben 
MuUison,  Jonas  Rumple,  John  Cooper,  Joseph  Jen- 
kins, Henry  Montgomery,  Samuel  S.  Haldeman.  AVil- 
liain  S.  Shultz,  Michael  Strein. 

A  contract  was  made  with  Israel  Cooper,  who  put 
another  story  upon  and  extended  the  building  several 
feet  in  the  rear,  where  a  staircase  was  built,  from 
which"access  was  had  to  the  hall  on  the  second  fltior, 
which  was  rented  to  the  Lyceum  Association  for  five 


years. 


On  the  9th  day  of  March,  1839,  Noble  Heath,  an 
Englishman,  who  had  been  teaching  a  select  school 
at  West  Chester,  was  engaged  to  teach  at  a  salary  of 


BOROUGH   OP   COLUMBIA. 


563 


eight  hundred  dollars  per  anmini.  Owing  to  some 
serious  indiscretion  on  his  part  he  was  requested  to 
resign,  and  the  board  engaged  R.  S.  Roberts  to  take 
cliarge  of  the  school  in  the  fall  of  1839.  In  the  same 
year  the  title  was  changed  to  Columbia  Academy. 

On  March  20,  1841,  Cyrus  Frost,  of  Philadelphia, 
took  charge  of  the  school,  but  in  the  fall  of  the  same 
year  the  trustees  employed  Mr.  Johnson  to  take  his 
place.  In  the  winter  of  1842  he  resigned,  and  Thomas 
II.  Pearce  was  engaged  to  teach  three  months.  He 
was  followed  by  Mr.  Rowland,  who  taught  one  term. 
In  July,  1842,  B.  F.  Wright,  a  graduate  of  Dickinson 
College,  was  engaged.  In  the  spring  of  1843  he  was 
succeeded  by  Thomas  W.  Sommers,  who  was  followed 
by  L.  J.  Roads  in  1845,  who  remained  iu  charge  of 
the  school  until  1851,  when  the  property  was  sold  to 
the  borough,  with  the  view  of  making  room  to  extend 
the  market-house.  Some  of  these  teachers  were  ad- 
dicted to  the  use  of  ardent  spirits,  and  at  certain 
periods  drank  to  excess.  The  frequent  changes  made 
iu  teachers  indicate  that  the  school  was  not  entirely 
successful.  There  were  a  number  of  private  schools 
in  the  borough,  which  interfered  with  its  prosperity. 

Private  Schools.— John  Quest  taught  in  Walnut 
Street  in  the  years  1807-9;  Amos  Harmer  in  1809, 
and  Sarah  Currie  (mother  of  Martin  Currie),  on  Wal- 
nut Street,  in  1812.  Rev.  Stephen  Boyer,  the  pastor  of 
the  Presbyterian  Church,  opened  a  select  school  and 
prepared  young  men  to  enter  upon  a  collegiate  course 
in  1812-20. 

Joseph  MifUin,  born  in  Philadelphia,  removed  from 
there  to  Little  Britain  township,  in  this  county.  On 
the  8th  day  of  May,  180G,  he  married  Martha  Hous- 
ton, daughter  of  Dr.  John  and  Susanna  Houston,  of 
Columbia,  and  removed  to  Columbia,  where  he  taught 
school  in  1813-14  in  a  frame  building  which  stood  in 
the  rear  of  the  market-house.  He  aftervvards  entered 
the  Columbia  Bank  and  Bridge  Company  as  teller, 
and  was  thus  engaged  several  years,  ending  about  the 
year  1820. 

A  Mr.  Barber  taught  on  Walnut  Street  in  1800. 

Lydia  Hutton,  a  Quaker,  taught  a  school  for  poor 
children  at  the  corner  of  Cherry  Street  and  Lancaster 
Avenue.  She  was  paid  by  a  few  of  the  wealthy  citi- 
zens, 1825. 

.  Mrs.  Claiborne,  daughter  of  Gen.  Ross,  and  the 
widow  of  Gen.  Ricliard  Claiborne,  who  had  ibeen 
Governor  of  Louisiana,  came  from  New  Orleans  to 
Columbia  in  1818,  where  she  opened  a  school  in  the 
house  lately  owned  by  the  Miss  Houstons,  on  Locust 
Street;  she  afterwards  taught  on  Walnut  and  Front 
Streets.  She  taught  children  between  the  age  of 
eight  and  twelve  years,  and  was  thus  engaged  about 
twcnty-fivfe  years. 

Richard  il.  Murphy,  John  Resch,  John  P.  Wade, 

William   Kenneday,  ■   Bond,  Dunlap   also 

"    taught  between  the  years  182^  and  1832. 

David  J.  Snow  taught  singing-school  in  1826  and 
1827. 


Henry  Connelly  taught  a  classical  school  on  Front 
Street. 

Thomas  Lloyd  taught  school  for  eighteen  years. 
He  was  a  justice  of  the  peace  for  many  years,  and 
was  also  a  surveyor  and  scrivener,  secretary  for  many 
years  of  tli^  "  Water  Company,"  and  held  that  posi- 
tion for  a  number  of  other  societies  and  corporations. 
He  ceased  to  teach  school  in  1831,  and  was  succeeded 
by  Ezra  Ffirth  on  July  11,  1831,  who  came  from  Phil- 
adelphia, where  he  had  been  teaching  for  twenty 
years.  In  December,  1831,  he  added  a  night-  to  his 
day-school.  His  wife  also  taught  young  children, 
and  gave  young  ladies  lessons  in  fine  needle-  and 
lace- work.  They  taught  on  Third  Street,  near  the 
old  Columbia  brick  school-house,  and  also  in  the  lat- 
ter place.  Mrs.  Fnrth  is  now  living  in  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y. 

The  Columbia  Select  School  for  Young  Ladies  was 
established  in  1833  by  Miss  E.  Ely.  She  had  a  num- 
ber of  scholars  from  a  distance,  who  boarded  with 
private  families,  and  paid  from  one  dollar  and  a  half 
to  two  dollars  per  week  for  boarding. 

This  school  was  on  Second  between  Walnut  and 
Locust  Streets.  The  school  was  well  patronized  and 
in  a  prosperous  condition  for  two  or  three  years,  when 
it  declined  rapidly,  and  ceased  to  exist  in  the  fol- 
lowing year.  The  terms  of  tuition  for  the  English 
branches  were  live  dollars  per  quarter;  the  French 
language,  ten  dollars  per  quarter. 

In  June,  1832,  Rev.  William  F.  Houston  opened  an 
infant  school.  It  lived  but  a  few  years,  notwithstand- 
ing the  etibrts  of  this  public-spirited  gentleman  to  sup- 
ply what  he  believed  to  be  a  want  greatly  needed  in 
the  borough. 

Deborah  Foreman  conducted  a  private  school  for 
young  childr-en  for  thirty  years.     She  died  in  1882. 

Francis  X.  Zeigler  commenced  to  teach  a  private 
school  about  forty  years  ago,  and  at  intervals  since 
has  taught  both  private  and  public  schools.  For 
more  than  twenty-  years  he  has  devoted  his  entire 
time  to  the  telegraph  and  Adams  Express,  in  con- 
nection with  fire  insurance  business. 

Commencing  in  1825,  Amos  Gilbert  taught  school 
a  few  years  on  Second  Street  near  Walnut.  He  was 
a  Quaker,  and  was  a  descendant  of  the  Gilbert  family 
who  were  taken  prisoners  by  the  Indians  a  hundred 
years  ago.  His  son  Howard  is  a  professional  teacher, 
and  is  well  known  in  this  county  and  the  eastern  sec- 
tion of  the  State  as  one  of  the  best  and  most  success- 
ful teachers  and  accomplished  scholars  in  the  State. 
He  has  traveled  a  great  deal  upon  the  continent  of 
Europe,  and  has  acquired  the  language  of  many 
nations. 

In  1829,  Michael  Strine  began  teaching,  and  con- 
tinued a  few  years  on  Walnut  Street  and  on  Locust 
Street.  He  was  born  in  Lancaster,  and  came  from  a 
family  which  furnished  a  number  of  teachers  and 
ministers  in  the  Lutheran  Church.  His  son,  Jacob 
S.  Strein,  was  the  late  sheriff. 


564 


HISTORY  OP   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


John  Christy  taught  in  the  blue-front  house  on 
Locust  Street  above  the  old  town  hall  in  1828-31. 
James  Stevenson  taught  school  on  Walnut  Street, 
1828-30.  Miss  Laird,  Miss  Hamilton,  and  Miss 
Houston  were  also  teachers  at  a  later  period,  and 
John  D.  Wright  taught  about  twenty-five  years  ago. 

Lancasterian  School. — Joseph  Lancaster,  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Society  of  Friends  in  England,  was  the 
founder  of  the  monitorial  system,  by  which  the  most 
intelligent  pupils  in  a  school  were  required  to  teach 
their  fellows  what  they  had  learned  in  advance  of 
them.  Mr.  Lancaster  died  in  1839.  This  system 
came  into  general  use  in  England  and  this  country. 
In  1822  the  Legislature  of  Pennsylvania  enacted  a 
law  encouraging  these  schools.  Lancaster  City  and 
the  boroughs  of  this  county  were  designated  as  the 
"  Second  School  District  of  the  State."  Twelve  di- 
rectors or  controllers,  to  be  elected  by  the  people, 
ware  to  manage  the  schools  in  each  of  the  boroughs. 

J.  L.  Rovvand  commenced  to  teach  school  in  his 
native  place,  in  the  winter  season,  in  New  Jersey  in 
1820.  He  went  from  there  to  the  city  of  Camden, 
N.  J.,  and  took  charge  of  the  academy  in  that  place 
and  remained  there  until  1827,  when  failing  health 
compelled  him  to  relinquish  for  a  time  the  business 
of  teaching.  During  the  summer  of  1827  he  went 
to  Philadelphia  and  took  instructions  in  the  model 
school  on  the  "Lancasterian"  mode  of  ed&cation. 
In  the  autumn  of  1828  he  came  to  Columbia  and 
opened  a  school  on  the  Lancasterian  plan  in  the 
then  new  town  hall,  which  had  just  been  completed. 
Among  the  trustees  were  William  Wright,  president, 
Evan  Green,  James  Given,  and  William  Dick,  secre- 
tary. 

The  school  was  opened  in  the  second  story,  with 
one  hundred  and  five  scholars  on  the  first  day.  This 
number  increased,  and  the  room  was  found  to  be  en- 
tirely too  small  to  accommodate  that  number.  The 
charge  for  each  scholar  was  two  dollars  per  quarter, 
which  covered  all  expenses. 

•  This  school  was  conducted  on  that  plan  for  about 
two  years,  when  the  trustees  changed  its  character  to 
a  select  and  limited  in  number  school,  which  was 
always  full.  In  tlie  spring  of  1832,  Mr.  Rowand  was 
compelled  to  give  up  his  school  on  account  of  failing 
health.  In  June,  1832,  he  sold  liis  school  to^, George 
W.  Layng,  a  native  of  New  England.  In  addidion  to 
the  ordinary  English  branches  he  taught  the  Greek 
and  Latin  languages.     His  terms  of  tuition  were: 

Spelling,  reading,  and  writing,  three  dollars  for 
twelve  weeks ;  arithmetic  and  geography,  four  dollars 
for  twelve  weeks;  English  grammar,  history,  use  of 
the  globes,  natural  philosophy,  etc.,  five  dollars  for 
twelve  weeks. 

Extra  charges  were  made  for  pens,  ink,  and  pencils, 
and  for  fuel.  His  sister.  Miss  Maria  Layng,  gave  in- 
structions in  plain  and  ornamental  needle-work  to 
young  ladies.  Mr.  -Layng  was  a  classical  scholar,  as 
well  as  an  accomplished  gentleman.     His  school  was 


well  patronized.  Mr.  Layng  removed  to  Pittsburgh, 
where  he  studied  law,  and  became  a  successful  at- 
torney. He  died  some  years  ago.  He  was  followed 
by  IJenry  Montgomery  in  1836,  a  native  of  New  York 
State,  who  taught  school  near  the  "  Gap,"  in  this 
county,  from  which  place  he  came  to  Columbia. 

Like  his  predecessors,  he  used  the  rod  freely,  which 
on  several  occasions  stirred  up  the  ire  of  tlie  "  bad 
boys' "  parents,  who  came  to  the  school-room  to  return 
the  compliment  on  the  teacher,  which  was  not  always 
a  success.  Mr.  Montgomery  found  tliat  the  profession 
of  teaching  was  not  the  one  best  adapted  to  the  de- 
velopment of  his  abilities.  He  was  in  political  faith 
an  Anti-Mason,  and  entered  into  the  personal  warfare 
carried  on  in  the  newspapers  between  the  parties  with 
a  good  deal  of  vim.  He  established  the  Pennsylvania 
Courant  in  Columbia  in  1837,  and  while  he  was  con- 
nected with  this  paper,  which  was  about  two  years, 
he  was  in  "hot  water"  all  the  time,  and  was  never 
satisfied  unless  he  could  find  some  political  opponent 
to  pound.  As  a  political  writer  in  a  heated  campaign 
he  had  few  equals.  He  remained  in  the  newspaper 
business  for  many  years  in  Harrisburg,  Lancaster, 
and  Detroit,  Mich.  He  married  Ann,  daughter  of 
Robert  Spear,  Esq.,  late  of  this  place. 

He  was  followed  by  Michael  R.  Keegan  in  1837, 
who  taught  school  in  the  town  hall  and  at  the  cor- 
ner of  Front  and  Union  Streets  for  ten  years.  He 
removed  to  the  State  of  Ohio. 

Washington  Institute  was  created  and  brought 
into  existence  by  the  trustees  of  the  Public  Ground 
Company,  whose  funds  were  a  trust  designed  by  the 
founder  of  Columbia  for  the  sole  benefit  of  the  citi- 
zens of  the  town  he  laid  out,  which  is  known  as  "  Old 
Columbia." 

Before  the  free-school  system  was  adopted  in  the 
State,  the  citizens  of  Old  Columbia  frequently  met 
and  endeavored  to  convert  the  income  of  this  trust  to 
establish  free  schools  in  the  town.  There  was  no  one 
who  could  devise  a  plan  calculated  to  make  the 
scheme  a  success,  and  hence  every  attemjit  in  that 
direction  was  a  failure. 

There  was  jealousy  and  envy  among  the  citizens 
of  Old  and  New  Columbia  over  the  disposition  of  this 
trust  fund,  and  different  projects  were  proposed, 
which  led  to  a  confusion  of  counsel,  and  the  conse- 
quence was  that  nothing  was  done. 

In  the  spring  of  1854  the  board  of  trustees  of  the 
public  ground  concluded  to  purchase  a  tract  of  land 
on  the  north  side  of  Lancaster  Avenue,  between 
Locust  and  Cherry  Streets,  from  John  L.  Wright, 
upon  which  they  designed  to  erect  a  school  building. 
In  the  year  1856  a  contract  was  made  with  Micliacl 
Clepper  for  its  erection  for  S8640,  and  it  was  finished 
the  same  year. 

June  30,  1857,  a  school  board  composed  of  five 
members  were  elected,  to  wit;  Samuel  Truscott, 
Philip  Shreiner,  Jonas  Rumple,  Joshua  Vaughen, 
and  Henry  Minnich,  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the 


I 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


565 


public  ground,  and  Joseph  W.  Fisher,  Hugh  M. 
Nortli,  Saiiuiel  Shoch,  and  Dr.  Benjamin  Rolirer  by 
the  citizens  of  Old  Columbia,  who  were  to  serve  for 
one  year. 

In  November,  1S57,  Professor  Joseph   D.  Nichols 
was  chosen  principal,  and  in    the  following  winter  ' 
Morris  D.   Wickersham   and    Grace   Clarkson   were  j 
chosen  assistants.     In  1859  he  was  assisted  by  Mr. 
Gamwell  and  Miss  Herntz.     The  school  was  not  self-  j 
sustaining,  and  on  the  1st  day  of  March,  1859,  the 
company  gave  the  buildings  to  Mr.  Nichols  free  of  I 
rent.     During  the  summer  and  fill!  of  that  year  the 
school  was  reported  to  be  in  a  flourishing  condition, 
but  it  soon  declined  again. 

On  the  1st  day  of  July,  1860,  the  Institute  was  ' 
rented  to  Rev.  A.  Essick  for  a  period  of  one  year. 
He  was  assisted  by  Mr.  Patten  for  a  few  months. 
The  following  two  or  three  years  were  periods  of 
depression,  and  the  board  of  trustees  made  an  effort 
to  sell  or  rent  the  buildings  to  the  school  board  of 
the  borough. 

In  February,  1803,  Professor  Howard  Gilbert  and 
Professor  Vicroy  and  Miss  Johnson  taught  in  sepa- 
rate rooms.  In  April,  1863,  a  free  school  was  taught 
for  three  months  by  Professors  Peck,  Richards,  John- 
son, and  Ilaldeman. 

In  the  month  of  September,  18C3,  the  Institute  ; 
building  was  taken  by  the  United  States  govern-  \ 
ment  for  a  hospital,  and  so  occupied  for  two  months,    j 

In  October,  1863,  it  was  rented  to  Professor  H.  S.  j 
Alexander,  and  a  portion  of  the  building  was  con-  ! 
verted  into  a  dwelling.  In  January,  1864,  Mr.  Alex-  | 
ander  leased  the  buildings  for  a  period  of  eight  years. 

In  April,  1866,  Mr.  Alexander  sold  his  lease  to 
President  Sacket,  who  found  the  school  in  a  prosper- 
ous condition,  but  let  it  run  down,  when  Mr.  Alexan- 
der took  charge  of  the  school  again  in  1868.  In 
March,  1868,  the  trustees  purchased  from  J.  H.  Mif- 
flin, for  eighteen  hundred  dollars,  a  tract  of  land  ad- 
joining the  Institute  grounds  which  extends  to  Locust 
and  Sixth  Streets.  In  the  same  year  the  buildings 
were  enlarged.  Under  the  management  of  Professor 
Alexander  the  school  was  in  a  flourishing  condition 
and  profitable.  His  health  and  that  of  Mrs.  Alexan- 
der was  such  that  they  had  to  abandon  the  profession 
they  had  adorned  with  so  much  grace  and  ability,  and 
in  JIarch,  1871,  they  retired  from  the  Institute  and 
were  succeeded  by  the  Rev.  Ewing.  In  January,  1873, 
Mr.  Alexander  again  took  charge  of  the  school,  but 
he  was  not  able  to  make  it  self-supporting. 

In  February,  1876,  the  school  board  of  the  borough 
leased  the  Washington  Institute  buildings  and  the 
grounds  purchased  Irom  John  L.  Wright  for  a  period 
of  twenty  years,  at  an  annual  rental  of  four  hundred 
dollars.  It  is  now  called  the  Columbia  High  School, 
and  under  the  superb  management  of  Professor  I!.  G. 
Ames,  superintendent  of  the" public  schools  of  Co- 
lumbia, and  Misses  Lillian  and  Mary  Welsh  and  Mr.' 
Hoffman,  his  able  assistants,  who  have  charge  of  the 


schools,  it  is  second  to  none  in  the  State  in  school 
government  and  the  thoroughness  with  which  they 
instruct  in  the  several  branches  of  study  in  accord- 
danc*  with  the  curriculum. 

A  day-^and  boarding-school  for  boys,  English  and 
classical,  was  established  in  the  second  story  of  the 
town  hall,  on  April  18,  1853,  by  Professor  Alfred 
Armstrong,  principal.  The  school  was  removed  to 
the  building  in  the  rear  of  the  Presbyterian  Church 
on  Fourth  Street.  A  number  of  scholars  received  a 
classical  courseof  studies,  and  were  prepared  to  enter 
upon  a  collegiate  course  of  studies.  The  school  was 
scarcely  self-su>taining,  and  Mr.  Armstrong  re- 
moved to  Harrisburg,  where  he  again  established  an 
academy. 

Up  to  the  year  183-t  there  was  no  uniform  system 
of  education  in  the  State  for  the  common  people. 
Every  township  and  town  had  its  private  schools, 
conducted  frequently  by  incompetent  teachers  in 
their  own  wa}'.  They  were  peripatetic  in  their  move- 
ments, and  seldom  remained  longer  in  one  place  than 
three  winter  months.  In  the  country  they  boarded 
around  among  the  farmers,  and  sometimes  behaved 
.very  dishonorably. 

Long  and  persistent  efforts  in  behalf  of  the  com- 
mon school  system  in  New  England  by  Horace  Mann 
crowned  his  efforts  with  success  about  the  year  1830. 
Friends  of  the  educational  cause  in  Pennsylvania 
took  up  the  subject,  and  began  to  agitate  and  mould 
a  public  sentiment  in  favor  of  the  common  school 
system.  The  subject  was  brought  before  the  Legis- 
lature and  discussed  there.  Governor  Wolf  rendered 
valuable  aid.  Among  the  ablest  and  most  persistent 
champions  in  the  Legislature  of  these  measures  was 
Thaddeus  Stevens,  then  of  Adams  County.  His  elo- 
quence and  matchless  argument  brought  a  majority 
of  the  Assembly  to  his  .side,  and  the  common  school 
law  was  passed  in  1834.  There  was  a  provision  in 
the  law  requiring-the  districts  to  accept  the  same  be- 
fore it  was  brought  into  practical  operation. 

When  the  Legislature  adjourned  and  the  full  scope 
of  the  law  became  known  to  the  people,  there  was 
great  opposition  to  its  enforcement. 

On  Tuesday,  Sept.  11,  1834,  a  meeting  of  the  citi- 
zens was  held  in  the  town  hall  to  ascertain  the  senti- 
ments of  the  people  on  the  subject  of  adopting  the 
school  law.  Dr.  Joseph  Clarkson  was  chairman  and 
J.  Houston  IMifliin  secretary.  Thomas  E.  Cochran 
addressed  the  meeting  in  favor  of  the  school  law. 
Dr.  R.  E.  Cochran,  John  Barber,  Esq.,  and  J.  Houston 
Mifflin  were  selected  or  nominated  by  the  meeting 
tor  school  directors,  and  Samuel  Boyd,  Christian 
Hershey,  and  John  Musselman  were  selected  for 
school  directors  from  West  Hempfuid  township. 

When  the  Legislature  met  in  1835,  a  majority  of  its 
members  were  in  favor  of  repealing  the  law  of  1834. 
Thomas  H.  Burroughs,  who  was  then  Secretary  of 
State  under  Joseph  Ritner's  administration,  was  a 
warm  friend  of  the  law,  and  worked  very  hard  to  save 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


it.  Opposition  grew  rapidly,'  and  everything  seemed 
to  be  lost.  Upon  making  a  private  canvass  among 
tlie  members,  it  was  found  that  a  large  majority  were 
in  favor  of  repealing  the  law.  When  the  question 
came  up  upon  second  reading,  Mr.  Stevens  arose,  and 
under  the  inspiration  of  the  moment  made  one  of  the 
grandest  and  most  successful  efforts  ever  undertaken 
in  a  deliberative  body  of  people  to  change  a  large 
majority  to  the  minority  side.  He  had  barely  taken 
his  seat  when  there  was  a  call  from  every  member  to 
vote  upon  the  question.  The  law  was  sustained,  and 
it  has  never  been  disturbed  since,  except  to  improve 
it.  A  copy  of  this  speech  should  be  printed  and  hung 
upon  the  walls  of  every  school-room  in  the  State. 

There  was  considerable  opposition  to  the  seventh 
section  of  the  school  law,  which  required  a  tax  to  be 
levied  in  the  borough  of  Columbia  and  East  and  West 
Hempfield  townships. 

On  the  16th  day  of  May,  1835,  a  public  meeting  of 
the  citizens  of  Columbia  and  the  township  named 
was  held  at  the  public-house  of  Joshua  Kehlers,  one 
mile  and  a  half  east  from  Columbia,  along  the  Colum- 
bia and  Lancaster  turnpike,  of  which  Samuel  Boyd 
was  president;  J.  Houston  Mifflin,  secretary. 

West  Hempfield,  which  included  Columbia,  was 
among  the  first  townshiiis  in  the  county  to  accept  the 
law. 

The  Public  Schools. — After  the  system  of  common 
schools  came  into  general  use.  the  improvement  made 
was  gradual.  The  schools  were  better  attended,  more 
care  was  taken  by  the  directors  in  the  selection  of 
competent  teachers  ;  but  little  real  progress  was  made, 
however,  until  the  Normal  School  at  MiUersville  was 
fairly  under'way  and  a  class  of  teachers  trained  and 
equipped  to  enter  a  profession  they  adorned. 

Another  step  in  advance  was  taken  when  graded 
schools  were  introduced.  In  1857  a  committee  was 
appointed  by  the  school  board,  with  J.  G.  Hess  as  its 
chairman,  to  grade  the  public  schools  of  Columbia. 
This  was  something  new,  and  but  little  progress  was 
made,  promotions  were  gradual  and  few.  There  were 
six  separate  school  buildings  in  the  place,  some  of 
■which  were  substantial  brick  structures.  The  citizens 
wisely  selected  some  of  their  best  educated  and  most 
prominent  citizens  for  school  directors.  Their  edu- 
cation and  training  enabled  them  to  select  cdn^petent 
teachers  from  merit  alone,  and  to  them  much  credit 
is  due  for  the  advances  made  in  the  cause  of  educa- 
tion in  Columbia.  Of  the  number  may  be  mentioned 
Samuel  Shoch,  Hugh  M.  North,  J.  W.  Fisher,  Amos 
S.  Green,  J.  Houston  Mifflin,  and  also  Joseph  M. 
Watts,  Samuel  Grove,  Thilip  Shreiner,  David  W. 
Griffith,  J.  G.  Hess,  Samuel  Young,  Abraham  Bruner, 
George  Young,  Jr.,  Daniel  Waun.  The  most  suc- 
cessful teachers  were  Calvin  Stewart  (now  pastor  of 
the  Presbyterian  Church  in  Colerain  township),  Wil- 
liam Murphy,  Morris  Wickersham,  Frederick  S.  Pyfer, 
Mary  Shoch,  Grace  Clarkson,  Georgian  Houston,  and 
Mary  Miller. 


The  board  of  directors  in  1862  decided  to  erect  one 
school  building  large  enough  to  accommodate  all 
white  children  of  lawful  age  in  the  place.  Accord- 
ingly a  building  was  erected  on  Cherry  Street  be- 
tween Fourth  and  Fifth  Streets,  three  stories  high, 
and  containing  eighteen  commodious  school-rooms, 
ten  of  which  were  furnished  and  prepared  for  the 
reception  of  scholars  in  1863.  The  building  was  con- 
structed of  brick,  and  was  modeled  after  the  High 
School  building  on  Broad  Street,  Philadelphia,  and 
when  completed  was  one  of  the  largest  and  finest 
school  buildings  in  the  State.  At  the  time  of  its 
erection  it  was  thought  that  it  was  sufficiently  large 
to  accommodate  all  of  the  white  children  in  the  place 
for  many  years  to  come.  When  filled  it  would  seat 
two  thousand  scholars.  Although  it  was  a  great 
stride  in  educational  progress,  experience  has  since 
demonstrated  that  it  was  not  altogether  a  wise  move- 
ment to  collect  the  scholars  in  an  entire  district  as 
large  as  Columbia  and  place  them  under  one  roof. 
The  system  has  its  advantages,  but  there  are  many 
disadvantages  which  more  than  balance  the  good 
ones.  The  original  cost  of  the  building  was  sixteen 
thousand  dollars. 

The  borough  superintendency  of  public  schools 
was  adopted  for  Columbia  April  1,  1875.  In  May 
they  agreed  to  advertise  for  a  superintendent,  and 
agreed  to  pay  him  an  annual  salary  of  fourteen  hun- 
dred dollars.  Out  of  fifty-seven  applicants  Benjamin 
G.  Ames,  of  Bridgeton,  N.  J.,  was  chosen  to  fill  the 
new  position.  He  was  an  accomplished  scholar,  and 
had  rare  qualifications  to  fill  a  position  of  this  kind; 
more  than  thirty  years  of  his  life  has  been  devoted  to 
the  cause  of  education. 

His  system  of  promotions  was  different  from  the 
old  one,  and  he  gradually  made  a  number  of  other 
changes,  which  experience  has  proven  to  have  been 
wise  and  salutary.  The  mos"t  accomplished  and  thor- 
ough teachers  in  the  schools  are  graduates  of  the 
High  School. 

Miss  Lilian  Welsh,  a  daugliter  of  the  late  Gen. 
Thomas  Welsh,  is  now  vice-principal  of  the  High 
School,  and  is  one  of  die  most  successful  and  tal- 
ented teachers  in  the  State.  Her  sister  Marie  is  her 
assistant,  and  is  well  fitted  for  the  position. 

Mr.  Hoffman  has  also  risen  from  the  lower  to  the 
front  rank  as  a  teacher.  The  entire  body  of  teachers 
are  excelled  by  few  anywhere,  and  Columbia  may 
well  feel  proud  of  the  position  her  scliools  hold  in 
relation  to  others  in  the  State. 

Lyceum.— The  system  of  social  lyceums  became 
very  popular  with  the  people  in  the  United  States 
about  the  year  1830,  and  it  did  not  decline  for  ten  or 
twelve" years.  Josiah  Holbrook,  who  was  actuary  of 
the  Universal  Lyceum,  was  the  principal  organizer 
of  lyceums  in  the  United  States.  The  Columbia 
Lyceum  was  organized  Dec.  2,  1835.  The  exercises 
generally  opened  with  a  lecture  delivered  by  one  of 
the  members,  or  a  subject  selected  which  was  debated 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


by  members  chosen  by  the  cliairman.  This  feature 
of  tlie  lyceum  was  always  entertaining.  Among  the 
members  who  delivered  lectures  were  Henry  Mont- 
gomery, S.  S.  Haldeinan,  Dr.  J.  S.  Clarkson,  Samuel 
A.  Black,  Dr.  William  S.  McCorkle,  James  J.  Given, 
Thomas  H.  Pearce,  E.  C.  Lewis,  Dr.  R.  E.  Cochran, 
Owen  B.  Goodman,  H.  Bingham,  Philip  Gossler. 
Many  of  these  lectures  were  illustrated  with  scientific 
apparatus.  When  the  lyceum  ran  out  of  home  ma- 
terial for  lecturers,  they  were  supplied  by  young  and 
promising  lawyers  from  Lancaster.  Among  the  num- 
ber we  recollect  Amos  Slaymaker,  Esq.,  Nathaniel 
Ellraaker,  Esq.,  George  M.  Kline,  Esq.  The  meet- 
ings of  the  lyceum  were  held  in  the  old  brick  school- 
house  on  Third  Street,  near  the  town  hall.  After 
its  decline  many  of  its  members  formed  an  organiza- 
tion called  the  Senate.  Members  were  divided  and 
assigned  to  each  of  the  States.  This  organization  was 
copied  after  the  United  States  Senate.  Its  most 
pleasing  and  interesting  feature  was  the  political  dis- 
cussions between  the  members,  who  were  supposed  to 
represent  the  same  political  parties  which  elected  the 
United  States  senators  in  thefr  respective  States,  and 
they  generally  adhered  to  the  line  of  argument  used 
by  the  members  of  the  United  States  Senate,  whom 
they  were  supposed  to  represent.  These  discussions 
were  animated  and  often  acrimonious.  Among  the 
most  active  members  were  J.  H.  Mifflin",  John  S. 
Given,  Joseph  W.  Fisher,  Napoleon  B.  Wolfe,  Sam- 
uel Evans,  Alexander  Caldwell,'  James  B.  Cowden, 
John  Frederick  Houston,  Stewart  D.  Elliot,  Hugh 
M.  North,  Philip  Gossler,  Amos  S.  Green,  J.  G.  L. 
Brown.     This  organization  lasted  several  years. 

Public  Libraries.— On  the  14th  day  of  January, 
1829,  a  number  of  prominent  citizens  subscribed  va- 
rious sums  to  be  expended  in  the  purchase  of  books 
for  the  mutual  benefit  of  all  those  concerned  in  a 
library  company  to  be  formed.  The  company  was 
organized  in  the  spring  of  1829  by  the  election  of 
Evan  Green,  president,  and  William  Dick,  secretary  ; 
Miss  Haines,  librarian.  A  large  and  judicious  selec- 
tion of  books  and  pamphlets  were  purchased.  Much 
interest  was  at  first  taken  in  the  enterprise,  but  debts 
were  accumulated  gradually,  and  in  four  years  from 
its  organization  the  books  and  property  of  the  "  Co- 
lumbia, Pennsylvania,  Library  Company",  \yere  sold 
at  auction  to  pay  its  debts.  Enough  was  realized  also 
to  pay  each  shareholder  two  dollars  on  each  share  of 
stock,  the  par  value  of  which  was  five  dollars.  The 
building  opposite  the  Franklin  House  was  occupied 
by  the  library.  Herewith  we  publish  the  names  of 
each  shareholder,  so  far  as  we  are  able  to  ascertain  : 


Sarah  UarLer. 

George  Haines. 

Dn  Al.raimm  Bitner. 

William  Ilarrah. 

E.  G.  BradfoiJ. 

Joseph  Hogentogler. 

fUrist.  Brenneman. 

Joseph  Jeffries. 

He,„y  B,e„neman. 

Samuel  Johnson. 

Levi  Bieniieniaii. 

Joshua  Kehler. 

GideoT,  B,e„iR-uian. 

G.  W.  Layng. 

John  Baibar. 

Thomas  Lloyd. 

Jeren.iah  Bruwn. 

Edward  C.  Lewis. 

Josepli  Cyttrell. 

George  W.  C.  Lloyd. 

John  Caniiibell. 

James  E.  Mifflin. 

Jnhn  Cooper. 

Samuel  W.  Mifflin. 

Joseph  Cooper. 

Moses  Montgomery. 

Israel  Cooper. 

John  McKissick,  Jr. 

James  Collins. 

Jacob  Mathiot. 

William  C.  Cornwell. 

Samuel  Mathiot. 

Jacob  Clyde. 

William  Mathiot. 

Riclianl  E.  Cochran. 

John  McMullen. 

William  Dick. 

Hugh  McCorkle. 

Eichard  Derrick. 

Henry  Martin. 

Peter  Epley. 

George  Mireick. 

Domiiiick  E^igle. 

George  Peters. 

51  ichael  Elder. 

William  Poist. 

Preston  B.  Elder. 

Jacob  Purkypile. 

Jolm  Evans. 

Jacob  L.  Rowand. 

John  L.  Futhey. 

Charles  Odell. 

JohnFony,  Jr. 

Benjamin  Peart 

Evan  Green. 

William  Todd. 

Amos  S.  Green. 

Robert  Spear. 

Benjamin  Green. 

Jalnea  Sweeney. 

Joseph  Green. 

Abraham  Shirk. 

John  Guy. 

Jacob  Strickler. 

Peter  F.  Gonter. 

Henry  H.  Strickler. 

J.acob  Go^^ler. 

Dr.  Beaton  Smith. 

James  Given. 

Henry  Y.  Sla.vmaker 

Owen  B,  Goodman. 

BobcrtB.  Slille. 

Jacd.  B.  Garlier. 

Henry  F.  Slaymaker 

Elizabeth  A.  B.  Heiso. 

John  L.  Wright. 

Peter  Hald.-man. 

Charles  N.  Wright. 

Christian  Haldem.in. 

James  Wright. 

John  Hoover. 

Michael  Way. 

Joha  Arms. 
William  P.  Beatty. 
George  Beatty. 
Robert  Barber. 
Owen  Bruner. 


John  L.  Boswell. 
Mary  Bethel. 
Christian  Bachman. 
Elizabeth  W.  Boude. 
George  W.  Boude. 


1867  or  1803. 


The  Franklin  Library  was  organized  in  the  spring 
of  1834,  John  L.  Boswell,  secretary.  The  stockhold- 
ers purchased  the  books  of  the  Columbia  Library, 
and  added  tolhem  a  large  number  of  new  books. 
This  was,  like  its  predecessor,  a  circulating  library. 
It  flourished  for  a  few  years,  and  then  went  down 
rapidly.  There  was  no  public  library  in  the  place 
from  1836  to  1862. 

In  the  year  1862,  Samuel  Shoch,  president  of  the 
Columbia  National  Bank,  donated  to  the  public 
schools  of  Columbia  five  hundred  dollars  for  the  pur- 
pose of  procuring  books  and  establishing  a  library. 
The  school  board  accepted  this  fund  and  established 
a  library,  and  named  it  after  its  donor.  This  was  the 
plant  of  a  large  and  select  library.  Mr.  Shoch  has 
given  liberally  of  his  abundant  means  since,  and  the 
school  board  have  at  various  times  made  large  appro- 
priations and  purchased  several  thousand  volumes  of 
choice  books.  They  have,  and  it  is  their  tluty  to  make, 
an  annual  appropriation  for  the  purchase  of  books 
and  meet  incidental  expenses.  The  library  is  now 
established  on  a  permanent  basis,  and  will  become  in 
time  one  of  the  grandest  institutions  in  the  county. 


568 


HISTORY  OF  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


At  present  a  large  room  on  the  first  story  of  the  public 
school  building  on  Cherry  Street  has  been  set  apart 
for  the  library.  Only  one  danger  confronts  the  friends 
of  this  enterprise,  and  that  is  the  possibility  oS  fire 
wiping  out  of  existence  in  a  few  hours  the  accumu- 
lated work  of  many  years.  It  is  hoped  that  there 
may  be  found  in  the  community  enough  of  generous- 
minded  citizens  who  will,  provide  sutficient  means  to 
erect  a  fire-proof  building  ujion  the  public  ground  at 
the  corner  of  Fifth  and  Locust  Streets,  or  in  that  ! 
vicinity,  that  will  protect  this  library  from  a  calamity 
so  disastrous. 

Samuel  Grove,  a  prominent  citizen  of  the  place, 
twenty  or  more  years  ago  commenced  to  purchase 
books  with  a  view  of  establishing  a  circulating 
library.  He  made  additional  purchases  from  time  to 
time  until  he  has  several  hundred  volumes  in  his 
library-room  on  Third  Street,  between  Locust  and 
Cherry  Streets.  His  books  are  generally  of  a  religious 
cast. 

Old  Residents'  Society.— On  the  27th  day  of  No- 
vember, 1S74,  a  number  of  citizens  of  Columbia  or- 
ganized a  society  of  old  residents  of  Columbia,  the 
object  being  to  cherish  the  social  interests  and  friendly 
relations  by  holding  frequent  meetings,  under  the 
name  of  the  "Ancient  Citizens  of  Columbia."  Fol- 
lowing is  a  list  of  the  merhbera: 


Joseph  M.  Watts  (iireaideut). 

George  W.  Bowjer. 

J.  Houston  Miflliu  (.lecretury). 

John  A.  Hook  Mead). 

S«miu-1  Sliocii  (treasurer). 

John  S.  Given. 

Siimuel  li.  lleise. 

John  K.Elerleiii. 

WilliumJlHtl.i..t{deaJ). 

Heiuy  N.  Kehler. 

Fruuci3  X   Ziegler. 

Samuel  Evans. 

John  Frederiik  Houston  (dead). 

Thomas  E.  Cochran  (dead). 

Samuel  W.  Milllin. 

Samuel  Nelson  Houston  (dead) 

Jamei  Barber. 

Henry  Wisler. 

Heury  BroTii.eman  (dead). 

Henry  H.  Houston. 

Martin  Niel. 

William  F.  Lockard. 

Harford  Fralo.v. 

George  W.  HalJeman. 

Christian  Brenneman  (dead). 

Jacob  L.  Gossler. 

George  Bogle  (dead). 

Jacob  Ely  (dead). 

James  Wright  (dead). 

Samuel  Wright. 

Ueury  E.  Wolfe. 

Abn.m  Bruner. 

To  become  a  member  of  this  society  a  residence  of 
fifty  years  is  required.  Several  have  attained  an  age 
of  more  than  fourscore  years.  As  will  be  seen  from 
the  foregoing  list,  their  numbers  are  rapidly  growing 
less. 

Banking. — The  Philadelphia  Branch  Bank  was 
opened  on  the  22d  day  of  May,  1809.  John  MfcKis- 
sick  was  the  first  cashier,  and  was  followed  by  Dr. 
Beaton  Smith.  This  bank  did  business  in  the  brick 
house  at  the  corner  of  Locust  and  Front  Streets,  now 
owned  by  Jacob  Snyder.  The  Philadelphia  Bank 
had  its  branch  in  Columbia  for  about  fifteen  years. 

The  great  increase  in  the  population  of  the  State, 
and  the  trirvel  incident  thereto  between  sections  di- 
vided by  our  great  river,  the  Susquehanna,  rendered 
it  necessary  to  adopt  other  means  than  a  ferry  to  ac- 
commodate the  traveling  public  who  desired  to  go  to 
either  side  of  this  strpam  ;  we  find,  therefore,  that  in 
the  onward  progress  of  the  internal  improvements  of 


the  State  that  the  construction  of  bridges,  although' 
a  novel  and  untried  enterprise,  found  its  advocates, 
and  was  undertaken  with  hopeful  confidence  of  good 
results;  therefore,  "An  act  authorizing  the  Governor 
of  Pennsylvania  to  incorporate  a  company  for  the 
]iurpose  tif  making  and  erecting  a  bridge  over  the 
river  Susquehanna,  in  the  county  of  Lancaster,  at  or 
near  the  town  of  Columbia,"  was  passed  by  the  Leg- 
islature and  approved  the  28th  of  March,  1809,  the 
State  being  pledged  therein  to  take  ¥90,000  of  the 
stock,  ' 

A  charter  was  accordingly  granted  by  Governor 
Snyder  on  the  19th  of  October,  1811,  and  on  the  23d 
of  December  following  the  stockholders  organized  liy 
electing  as  managers,  viz.:  William  Wright,  presi- 
cent;  Thomas  Boude,  Samuel  Bethel,  James  Wri-lit, 
Samuel  Miller,  John  Evans,  Christian  Brencniaii, 
John  Forrey,  Jr.,  Abraham  Witmer,  Henry  Slay- 
niaker,  William  Barber,  Jacob  Eichelberger,  John 
Tomlin.son,  and  William  P.  Beatty  as  treasurer,  and 
John  Barber  secretary. 

On  the  8th  of  July,  1812,  articles  of  agreement 
were  entered  into  with  Henry  Slayniaker  and  Samuel 
Slaymaker,  of  Lancaster  County,  and  Jonathan  Wal- 
cott,  of  Connecticut,  for  the  erection  of  a  bridge  for 
the  sum  of  §150,000,  but  which  before  its  completion 
cost  $233,000.  The  piers  were  fifty  feet  long,  and  ten 
feet  wide  at  top.  The  spans  each  one  hundred  feet  in 
length. 

Stock  to  the  amount  of  $400,000  was  subscribed 
for,  and  after  paying  for  the  cost  of  the  bridge  the 
remaining  balance  was  appropriated  to  banking  pur- 
poses, and  an  ofiice  of  discount  and  deposit  was 
opened  on  5th  July,  1813,  and  notes  were  printed 
and  issued  as  bank  notes.  This  proceeding  being 
declared  illegal,  a  charter  was  afterwar  !s  obtained  on 
the  27th  March,  1824,  for  the  establishment  of  a  bank 
under  the  title  of"  The  Columbia  Bridge  Company," 
Christian  Breneinan  beingelected  presiilent,  and  John 
McKissick,  cashier.  Since  tlieu  this  title  has  been 
changed  to  "  The  Columbia  Bank  and  Bridge  Com- 
pany," "The  Columbia  Bank,"  and  lastly,  the  "Co- 
lumbia National  Bank,"  which  it  still  retains,  with  a 
capital  of  $.500,000,  having  been  increased  from  time 
to  time  from  iLs  original  charter  amount  of  $150,n(lii, 
to  $250,000,  i;322,.500,  and  in  18G4  to  its  present 
amount. 

Since  1824,  Christian  lireneman.  Christian  Halde- 
man,  John  Forrey,  Jr.,  John  N.  Lane,  David  Uine- 
hart,  John  Cooper,  Col.  James  Meyers,  Dr.  Bar- 
ton Evans,  John  Coojier,  George  Bogle,  and  lastly, 
the  present  incumbent.  Col.  Samuel  Shoch,  have  sev- 
erally acted  as  iiresidents,  and  during  their  .several 
periods  of  service  John  McKissick  iictetl  as  CMsliier 
until  1832,  Picr-ton  B.  Elder,  his  .successor,  until  ls;i9, 
and  Col.  Samuel  Shoch  until  1878,  a  period  of  thirty- 
nine  years,  when  he  was  elected  president,  in  which 
capacity  he  still  ofllciates,  although  in  the  eighty- 
seventh  year  of  his  sige. 


/'(  \r~(-- 


f 


BOROUGH  OF   COLUMBIA. 


5G9 


:  In  1832  the  bridge  was  carried  away  by  an  ice 
fresliet,  and  rebuilt  at  an  expenditure  of  $157,300 
ind  the  debris  nf  the  old  bridge.  In  June,  1863,  the 
bridge,  as  rebuilt,  was  burned  as  a  military  necessity 
under  an  order  from  Gen.  Couch,  commandant  of  the 
Susquehanna  divi-ion  of  the  Federal  army,  to  pre- 
vent the  rebels  from  croj_»ing,  as  the  best  protection 
for  Eastern  Pennsylvania.  Tlie  bank,  owning  the 
bridge,  sold  the  piers  and  the  abutments,  with  the 
franchises  as  a  bridge  company,  to  the  Pennsylvania 
Railroad  Company  for  $57,000,  and  has  therefore  sus- 
tained a  loss  of  §100,000,  for  which  a  claim  has  been 
preferred  against  the  United  States  government  with 
hopes  of  its  being  allowed. 

The  First  National  Bank  was  organized  in  IMay, 
1863,  with  a  capital  of  $100,000.  President,  Ephraim 
Hershey;  Cashier,  S.  S.  Detweiler.  This  bank  in- 
creased its  capital  to  $200,000,  and  its  surplus  amounts 
to  $40,000.  The  present  officers  are  Hugh  M.  North, 
Esq.,  president;  S.  S.  Detweiler,  cashier.  The  bank 
building  is  located  at  the  southeast  corner  of  Locust 
and  Second  Streets.  The  amount  of  deposits  is  very 
large,  and  the  bank  is  in  a  prosperous  condition. 

E.  K.  Smith  &  Co.'s  banking  house  is  located  at 
the  northwest  corner  of  Locust  and  Second  Streets. 
lUi  capital  unlimited.  The  members  of  the  tirm  are 
E.  K.  Smith  and  Christian  E.  Graybill. 

The  Columbia  Deposit  Bank  was  organized'  in 
March,  1870,  with  E.  K.  Smith,  president,  and  C.  E. 
Graybill,  cashier.  This  bank  closed  in  1880. 
.  The  Dime  Savings  Bank  was  organized  in  1869. 
The  treasurers  were  Samuel  Allison  and  Ephraim 
Hershey.  The  bank  suspended  business  in  1880. 
.  CoL.  Samuel  Shoch.— Michael  Shoch,  the  grand- 
father of  Col.  Samuel,  was  a  native  of  Germany,  and 
on  his  emigration  to  America  settled  near  Philadel- 
phia. He  had  several  cliildren,  among  whom  was 
John,  whose  birth  occurred  at  the  paternal  home  near 
Philadelphia.  He  in  1792  removed  to  Harrisburg, 
Dauphin  Co.,  and  there  remained  until  his  death  in 
1842.  He  married  Miss  Salome  Gilbert,  of  Philadel- 
phia, and  had  children,— Mary ,  Sarah,  Rebecca,  Eliza, 
Cassandra,  Samuel,  John,  Jacob,  and  one  who  died 
in  childhood.  Samuel,  whose  life  is  here  briefly 
•ketclied,  was  born  in  Harrisburg,  May  28, 1797.  His 
career  covers  some  of  the  most  eventful  periods  in  pur 
national  history,  and  has  been  so  closely  identified 
with  local  events  that  it  forms  an  inseparable  ))art  of 
them.  His  early  education  was  commenced  at  pre- 
paratory schools  before  the  establishment  of  the  pres- 
,  fnt  school  system,  and  continued  at  the  Nottingham 
!  Academy,  Cecil  Co.,  Md.  His  further  education  and 
preparation  for  professional  life  were  the  result  of 
>  pergonal  application  directed  only  by  himself 

As  early  as  1812  he  was  recorder  of  patents  under 
John  Cochran,  secretary  of  the  land-office,  and  re- 
corder of  surveys  in  (he  office  -of  Andrew  Porter, 
then  surveyor-general.  In  September,  1S14,  he  joined 
(be  Harrisburg  Artillerists,  a  company  formed  within 


twenty-four  hours  after  the  British  had  burned  the 
capitol  at  Washington,  and  was  the  youngest  man  in 
the  four  companies  that  volunteered  from  Harrisburg 
on  that  occasion.  The  company  marched  to  York 
and  thence  to  Baltimore,  and  remained  on  duty  there 
until  the  British  withdrew  and  abandoned  their  con- 
templated attack  on  that  city. 

In  May,  1817,  he  began  the  study  of  law  under 
Hon.  Amos  Ellmaker,  attorney-general,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  Dauphin  County  bar  in  1820.  He  was 
always  aggressive,  and  as  a  young  lawyer  displayed 
great  energy  and  fearlessness  in  prosecuting  what  he 
believed  to  be  wrong..  He  took  an  active  part  in  an 
unsuccessful  attempt  to  impeach  Judge  Franks,  of  the 
Lebanon  and  Dau]ihin  district,  for  alleged  oflenses. 

In  1835  he  was  elected  clerk  of  the  House  of  Rep- 
resentatives by  a  union  of  the  Whig  and  Anti-Masonic 
members,  defeating  Francis  R.  Shunk,  the  Democratic 
candidate.  In  1837  he  was  secretary  to  the  conven- 
tion which  gave  us  the  Constitution  under  which 
Pennsylvania  lived  from  1838  to  1873,  and  at  the 
adjournment  of  that  body  was  unanimously  thanked. 
The  colonel  finds  special  pleasure  in  recounting  his 
services  with  that  body. 

In  1839  he  cast  his  fortunes  with  Columbia,  and 
went  theVe  to  live,  having  been  elected  cashier  of  the 
Columbia  Bank  and  Bridge  Company.  The  company 
had  a  nominal  capital  of  $150,000,  but  actually  not 
more  than  $80,000  to  $100,000,  as  a  bridge  costing 
more  than  $175,000  had  been  swept  away  by  an  ice 
freshet  in  1832,  and  the  loss  had  not  been  wholly 
made  up.  The  capital  was  afterwards  increased,  first 
to  $250,000,  and  in  1837  to  $322,500,  with  a  change 
of  title  to  Columbia  Bank.  In  18G5  the  bank  ac- 
cepted the  national  bank  law  and  became  the  Colum- 
bia National  Bank,  with  a  capital  of  $500,000,  at 
which  it  still  remains,  with  a  surplus  fund  of  $150,- 
OOO.  He  has  thus  maintained  official  relations  with 
the  corporation  as  itsj;ashier  and  president  for  forty- 
four  years,  during  a  period  the  events  of  which  are 
matters  of  local  history. 

Col.  Shoch  was,  in  1842,  married  to  Mrs.  Hannah 
Evans,  daughter  of  Amos  Slaymaker,  of  Lancaster 
County,  who  was  the  leading  manager  of  the  line  of 
stages  between  Philadelphia  and  Pittsburgh.  Her 
death  having  occurred  in  March,  18G0,  he  contracted 
a  second  alliance  in  August,  1805,  with  Miss  Anna 
E.,  daughter  of  Robert  Barber,  of  Columbia,  Pa. 

In  1848,  Col.  Shoch  was  appointed  aid  to  Governor 
William  Johnson,  which  by  courtesy  conferred  upon 
him  the  title  of  colonel,  a  title  by  which  he  is  better 
known  than  by  his  Christian  name. 

In  1800  the  colonel  was  a  member  of  the  State 
committee  of  the  Republican  party,  and  a  delpfiatc 
to  the  National  Convenlion  at  Chicago  which  nomi- 
nated Abraham  Lincidn,  the  martyr  President. 

During  the  war  he  was  foremost  in  deeds  of  charity 
and  patriotism,  ami  i)rcscNtcd  to  the  first  company 
formed  in  Columbia  a  beantilul  and  costly  silk  flag. 


til^W 


570 


HISTORY  OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


He  always  took  a  warm  interest  in  our  public  schools, 
and  through  his  active  exertions  and  liberal  dona- 
tions the"Shocli  Library,"  in  honor  of  its  patron, 
was  established. 

Col.  Shoch  also  took  an  active  interest  in  local  en- 
terprises, and  was  at  one  and  the  same  time  president 
of  the  Columbia  Gas  and  Water  Companies,  the  Old 
Public  Ground  Company,  and  the  Marietta,  Chestnut 
Hill  and  Washington  Turnpike-Road  Companies. 
He  was  also  treasurer  of  the  Reading  and  Columbia 
Railroad  Company,  but  resigned  in  1862,  before  going 
abroad  on  a  continental  tour.  He  was  for  ten  years 
president  of  the  school  board  of  the  borough  of 
Columbia,   during  which   period  a  spacious  edifice, 


version  is  his  violin,  an  instrument  of  unusual  excel- 
lence, which  affords  hira  many  happy  hours. 

With  a  mind  fresh  and  vigorous,  and  with  a.  re- 
markable activity  of  body  and  buoyancy  of  step,  he 
has  reasonable  expectations  of  passing  many  more 
years  of  usefulness. 

Newspapers. —  Tlie  Susquehanna  Waterman  was 
started  in  the  year  1811  by  Thomas  A.  Wilson,  a 
practical  printer,  who  learned  his  trade  in  the  bor- 
ough of  York.  He  established  a  printing-office  in  a 
one-story  frame  building  which  stood  on  the  north 
side  of  Locust  Street  below  Second  Street.  In  the 
following  year  he  purchased  a  half  lot  of  ground  oa 


all 


the  south  side  of  Locust  Street,  nearly  opposite  his 
devoted  to  the  use  of  the  public  schools,  was  erected,  frame  shop.  Upon  this  lot  he  erected  a  three-story 
He  served  a  term  as  director  of  the  poor  of  Lancaster  brick  house,  to  which  he  moved  his  printing-press, 
County,  two  terms  as  county  auditor,  was  a  trustee  of  etc.  He  probably  used  the  third  story  of  this  build- 
the  Millersville  Normal  School,  and  director  of  the  ing  for  an  office,  for  he  did  not  plaster  the  walls. 
Wrightsville,  York  and  Gettysburg  Railroad.  If  i  The  reaction  in  business  and  values  of  all  kind  after 
responsible  official  positions  are  a  measure  of  public  \  the  war  of  1812-15  left  hira  stranded,  and  his  prop- 
erty was  sold  to  James  Cyde,  Esq.,  in  the  year  1818, 
Mr.  Wilson  returned  to  York,  thence  to  one  of  the 
Southern  States,  where  he  remained  for  many  years, 
Some  of  his  descendants  reside  in  Wrightsville,  York 
Co. 

William  Greear  published  a  small  newspaper  in 
Lancaster  called  the  Hire  in  1804.  He  removed  his 
job-printing  press,  etc.,  to  Columbia  in  the  year  1812. 
In  the  winter  of  181-1-15  he  was  elected  printer  of  the 


confidence,  then  Col.  Shoch  was  favored  abov 
his  fellow-citizens. 

The  colonel  was  always  an  active  worker  in  the 
Sunday-school  cause.  In  the  early  part  of  his  profes- 
sional career  he  was  both  a  teacher  and  superin- 
tendent of  the  Sunday-school  of  the  Lutheran  Church 
iu  Harrisburg.    Within  the  last  ten  years  his  jfouthful 


enthusiasm  for  the  cause  has  been  specially 
ened,  and  his  active  services  as  teacher  of  a  Bible  class 
in  the  Columbia  Fifth  Street  Presbyterian  Sunday- 
school,  together  with  the  erection,  furnishing,  and  en- 
dowment of  their  beautiful  chapel  (named  "Salome" 
in  honor  of  his  mother),  attests  the  sincerity  of  his 
motives.  In  1854,  and  for  several  years  thereafter, 
he  maintained  at  his  own  expense  a  public  night- 
school,  employed  teachers,  and  furnished  books,  etc., 
for  the  benefit  of  apprentices  and  other  young  persons 
who  could  not  attend  school  during  the  day,  and  was  [  ing,  and 
happily  rewarded  by  finding  the  school  well  attended.  |  months 
Many  of  the  pupils  since  grown  up  have  become 
prominent  and  well-to-do  citizens,  who  gratefully  ac- 
knowledge the  advantages  they  derived  from  the 
enterprise. 

is  been  uniformly  and   radically 
great  admirer  of  Tliaddcus  Ste- 

accord  with  Reiiublicau  adminis- 


lu  politics  he  h 
anti-Democratic,  a 
vens,  and  is  in  full 
tration. 

The  colonel's  ha 
and  even  now,  whe 


been  an  eventful  and  busy  life, 
he  has  just  crossed  the  threshold 
of  his  eighty-sixth  year,  not  a  single  duty  is  neg- 
lected, not  a  responsibility  evaded,  and  not  au  energy 
relaxed. 

Having  faithfully  performed  the  duties  of  cashier 
of  the  Columbia  National  Bank  for  a  period  of  thirty- 
nine  years,  he  was,  in  December,  1878,  elected  its 
president,  and  notwithstanding  his  age,  continues  his 
routine  of  duties,  beginnin<f  at  eight  o'clock  iu  the 
morning  and  remaining  to  witness  the  settlement  of 
all  accounts  after  the  bank  closes.     His  principal  di- 


"  Rolls"  by  the  Legislature,  and  he  removed  his 
printing-press  to  Harrisburg.  He  returned  to  Co- 
lumbia and  commenced  the  publication  of  a  newspa- 
per called  The  Columbian  on  the  24th  day  of  July, 
1819,  in  a  two-story  brick  building  he  purchased  from 
Dr.  Eberle.  Alter  publishing  eighteen  numbers  it 
was  suspended  for  want  of  support.  After  six  or 
eight  months  it  was  revived.  It  was  not  self-sustain-  ,' 
its  publication  ceased  altogether  in  a  few 
I  moiuns.  He  reftioved  his  printing-press  to  Washing- 
'  ton,  D.  C.  He  was  a  Quaker  and  a  person  of  strict 
integrity.  The  C'u/umbian  w^as  published  in  1840  by 
Thomas  Taylor,  and  edited  by  N.  B.  Wolfe.  The 
editor  wrote  a  romance  called  the  "Bandit,"  which 
ran  through  several  numbers  of  the  paper,  which 
seems  to  have  knocked  the  life  out  of  the  paper.  Be- 
fore the  story  was  completed  the  pai)er  ceased  to 
exist. 

The  Monitor  was  established  by  Dr.  William  F, 
Houston  on  the  24th  day  of  April,  1823.  It  was 
printed  in  Dr.  Houston's  dwelling,  now  owned  by 
Theodore  Urban,  on  Locust  Street  below  Second, 
Like  the  Columbian,  it  was  neutral  in  politics.  It 
was  strongly  religious  iu  tone.  It  was  published 
severai  years. 

The  Columbian  Couranl  was  established  by  Scheaff  ] 
&  Heinitsh,  who  purchased  the  press  and  type  be- 
longing to  the  Pioneer  in  Marietta  and  brought  it  to 
Columbia.  They  sold  out  to  John  L.  Boswcll,  a 
young  printer  who  came  from  the  State  of  Connect!- 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


cut,  who,  on  the  3d  day  of  June,  1830,  commenced 
the  publication  of  tlie  Columbia  Spy  and  Literary 
Beyister,  wliich  was  neutral  until  June  23,  1831, 
when  its  title  was  changed  to  Columbia  Spy  and  Lan- 
caster and  York  County  Record,  and  the  "Henry 
Clay"  banner  was  nailed  to  its  head,  with  the 
"American  System"  inscribed  upon  it.  For  that 
period  in  the  history  of  journali.sm  it  was  ably  con- 
ducted, and  was  devoted  to  the  interests  of  Henry 
Clay,  whom  the  editor  desired  to  he  President  of  the 
United  States.  On  the  6th  day  of  July,  1833,  the 
paper  was  enlarged  to  twenty  by  thirty  inches.  In 
1834,  Mr.  Boswell  and  Carpenter  McGleery,  of  Lan- 
caster, established  the  Lancaster  Union,  published  in 
that  city.  The  editor  of  the  Spy  gave  a  portion  of 
his  time  to  that  jiaper.  On  the  24th  day  of  May, 
1834,  Thomas  E.  Cochran  took  formal  charge  of  the 
editorial  department  of  the  Spy.  In  the  spring  of 
1836,  Mr.  Boswell  sold  the  Spy  to  Preston  B.  Elder, 
■  cashier  of  the  Columbia  Bank  and  Bridge  Company, 
and  purchased  the  Hartford  Courant,  and  removed  to 
Hartford,  Conn.  Ercurius  Beatty  published  the  Spy 
for  the  proprietor  from  that  time  to  September,  1837, 
when  it  was  published  by  E.  Beatty  &  Co.  Under 
the  editorial  management  of  Mr.  Elder  the  paper 
obtained  a  high  rank  among  the  literary  papers  in  the 
country.     He  was  an  accomplished  writer  and  poet. 

After  Mr.  Elder's  death  in  1839,  Theodore  D. 
Cochran,  who  was  then  an  apprentice  in  the  ofhce, 
took  editorial  management  of  the  paper.  He  devel- 
oped great  talent  as  a  political  writer,  and  liad  few 
equals  among  his  editorial  brethren.  While  yet  in 
his  minority  he  took  charge  of  the  Old  Guard  in 
1840,  an  Anti-Masonic  paper,  established  in  Lan' 
caster  in  1839.  Evan  Green,  the  administrator  of 
Mr.  Elder  (who  died  in  1839),  sold  tlie  paper  to 
James  Patton,  collector  of  tolls  at  the  canal  basin, 
who  changed  its  name  to  the  Columbia  Spy  and  Lan- 
caster and  York  County  Democrat.  It  advocated  the 
election  of  Martin  Van  Buren  for  President.  In 
1842,  Mr.  E.  Maxson  was  taken  into  partnership, 
and  in  the  spring  of  1843,  Eli  Bowen  and  Jacob  L. 
Gossler  purchased  the  paper.  They  were  both 
minors,  but  young  men  of  ability.     In  the   fall  of 

1844,  Mr.  Bowen  started  the  Protector,  a  taritf  paper, 
and  sold  his  interest  in  the  Spy  to  Charles  J.  Barnitz, 
of  York,  who  also  purchased  Mr.  Gosslor's  interest  in 

1845.  In  June,  1847,  Charrick  Westbrook  purchased 
.  the  ,§/>(/,  and  Dec.  11,  1847,  William  H.  Spangler  pur- 
chased an  interest  in  the  paper.     In  the  summer  of 
1848  they  sold  to  George  W.  Schroyer,  who  sold  to 

'Eshlenian,  Kammerer  &  Gochenauer  in  1849,  who 
sold  to  J.  G.  L.  Brown  in  1850.  In  1853  it  was  pub- 
lished by  Brown  &  Greene,  who  sold  to  Coleman  J. 
'Bull  in  185.5.  In  185G  it  was  purchased  by  Stephen 
'Greene  (Mr.  Brown  taking  a  position  in  Forney's 
' /Vesa  office),  who  sold  to  Safnuel  Wright  in  1857, 
was  appointed  to  a  position  on  Gen.  Thomas  ^V\■lsl^s 
etaff,  and  went  into  the  army.     He  sold  to  Andrew 


M.  Rambo  in  1863,  who  on  Sept.  4,  1869,  sold  to  Maj.    • 
James   W.  Yocum,  the  present  proprietor.     It  is  a 
conservative  Republican  paper  and  conducted  with 
ability^ 

The  Columbia  Daily  Spy  was  started  by  A.  M. 
Rambo  &  Son  in  1868,  and  was  published  for  a  period 
of  eighteen  months.     It  was  Republican  in  politics. 

The  Pennsylvania  Courant  was  started  in  1837  by 
Henry  Montgomery.  Ercurius  Beatty  subsequently 
became  the  publisher  and  proprietor.  It  lived  until 
1843.  During  the  gubernatorial  canvass  of  1838  this 
paper  was  particularly  strong  in  its  political  depart- 
ment. 

The  Protector  was  started  by  Eli  Bowen  and  Jacob 
L.  Gossler  in  March,  1843.  As  its  name  implies,  it 
was  a  devoted  advocate  of  the  cause  of  protection  and 
the  election  of  Henry  Clay  to  the  Presidency.  After 
a  few  numbers  were  published  Jlr.  Gossler  retired, 
and  sold  his  interest  to  Mr.  Bowen,  who  became  edi- 
tor, publisher,  and  carrier.  He  had  but  little  money, 
and  often  not  the  means  to  procure  a  meal.  He 
would  go  barefooted,  and  often  sleep  in  an  outhouse 
when  out  of  money.  He  walked  to  Lancaster,  and 
purchased  an  old  Ramage  press  from  Hugh  Ma.xwell, 
and  two  hundred  pounds  of  type,  on  trust.  He  struck 
off  an  edition  of  one  thousand  copies,  and  carried  his 
papers  to  Lancaster  and  neighboring  towns,  and  sold 
the  entire  number,  which  put  him  upon  "  his  feet." 
He  bid  fair  to  be  one  of  the  best  newspaper  men  in 
the  country,  but  he  was  erratic,  and  did  not  tread  the 
paths  of  journalism  for  a  period  longer  than  four  or 
five  years.     The  Protector  lived  but  six  months. 

The  Water-Spout  was  started  during  the  height  of 
the  Washingtonian  temperance  movement,  and  was 
devoted  to  that  cause.  James  Klinedriest  was  pub- 
lisher and  Theodore  D.  Cochran  editor.  It  lived  but 
six  moiUhs. 

The  Columbian  was  started  by  Charrick  Westbrook 
in  1846,  and  pubHshed  by  him  until  he  purchased 
the  Spy  in  1847,  when  it  was  merged  in  the  latter. 

The  Columbia  Herald  was  astablished  in  December, 
18G7.  Several  leading  men  in  the  Democratic  party 
subscribed  a  sum  sutiicient  to  start  a  paper,  and  George 
Young,  Jr.,  who  was  then  an  officer  in  the  Columbia 
j  Fire  Insurance  Company,  was  chosen  as  editor.  He 
I  became  sole  owner.  Sir.  Young,  Jr.,  sold  an  interest 
in  the  paper  to  W.  Hayes  Grier  in  1873,  and  subse- 
quently to  that  time  it  was  published  by  Grier  & 
Modcrwell.  Several  years  ago  Mr.  Grier  purchased 
Moderwell's  interest,  and  is  now  sole  proprietor  and 
editor.  Mr.  Grier  has  been  recently  appointed  su- 
perintendent of  the  State  printing-office  at  Harrisburg. 
He  was  a  private  in  the  late  war  (see  military  chnpter). 
He  is  also  justice  of  the  peace  for  the  Second  Ward, 
Columbia. 

The  Daily  Tcleyram  was  started  by  Frank  S.  Taft 
in  1869.     It  lived  about  two  monlh.s. 

The  Democrat  was  slarted  in  llie  summer  of  1872 
by   W.  Hayes   tirier.      It  advocated   the  election  of 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Horace  Greeley  for  President,  and  was  discontinued 
in  November,  1872. 

The  Weekli/  Courant  was  started  by  Andrew  !M. 
Rambo  &  Son  in  1870,  and  is  now  published  by  the 
former.  It  is  an  ably-conducted  paper,  and  is  radical 
Republican  in  politics. 

Foundries  and  Machine-Shops. —The  expansion 

of  the  iron  interest  in  this  plare  ui]il  vicinity  since 
the  first  machine-slinp  was  erected,  t'orty-seven  years 
ago,  is  truly  wonderful.  In  the  year  1836,  Jeffrey 
Smedley  and  Thomas  Hood,  of  Cliester  County, 
started  a  small  machine-shop  at  the  canal  basin.  The 
first  steam-engine  built  in  the  county  was  the  one 
they  built  to  drive  their  machinery.  The  firm  was 
dissolved  in  September,  1837,  and  the  business  was 
then  carried  on  by  Mr.  Smedley.  He  manufactured 
stationary  engines  and  machine  work  generally,  and 
in  this  was  greatly  aided  by  the  establishment  of  a 
foundry  near  his  shop.  He  carried  on  business  at 
that  place  until  1850,  when  he  purchased  the  old 
Shultz  Brewery,  a  large  four-story  stone  building, 
situated  on  Second  Street  below  Union,  and  converted 
it  into  a  machine-shop.  A  short  time  after  this  pur- 
chase he  took  his  son-in-law,  Henry  Brandt,  into 
partnership.  In  September,  1854,  Mr.  Smedley  died 
of  cholera,  then  raging  in  Columbia.  Mr.  Brandt 
continued  the  business  until  October,  1857,  when  a 
stock  company,  entitled  the  Columbia  Manufactur- 
ing Company,  look  possession  of  the  property,  and 
added  a  foundry  thereto.  The  members  of  this  com- 
pany were  Henry  Brandt,  Thomas  R.  and  Ziuinierman 
Supplee,  brothers,  who  came  from  Brid'.'('()ort,  Mont- 
gomery Co.,  Pa.,  where  they  had  been  carrying  on  the 
business  for  several  years.  They  removed  all  of  their 
machinery  from  there  to  the  works  in  Columbia, 
which  greatly  increased  the  facilities  of  this  estab- 
lishment. The  company  arrangement  was  not  suc- 
cessful, having  carried  on  the  works  at  a  period  of 
great  depression  in  business.  The  Supplee  Brothers 
leased  the  works  and  built  up  a  large  trade.  Finding 
their  buildings  and  ground  limited  in  extent,  they 
sold  this  property  and  purchased  a  large  tract  near 
the  Columbia  and  Reading  Railroad,  at  Fourth  Stj-eet, 
where  they  erected  larger  and  more  extensive  works 
in  1870.  A  few  years  ago  a  stock  company  was  formed, 
called  the  Supplee  Iron  Company,  under  which,  name 
it  is  now  conducted. 

In  the  year  18.37  Frederick  Baugher  and  George 
Wolf,  residents  of  York,  Pa.,  formed  a  copartnership, 
and  erected  a  foundry  at  the  canal  basin.  When  rail- 
roads were  first  built,  in  order  to  get  around  the 
curves  without  slipping  it  was  necessary  to  have  one 
loo.se  wheel  upon  every  axle.  James  Wright,  Jr.,  of 
Columbia,  conceived  the  idea  of  making  a  wheel  with 
a  beveled  tread,  lie  erected  a  circular  railroad  upon 
John  L.  Wright's  lot,  upon  which  he  experimented. 
When  Baugher  and  Wolf  staVtcd  their  foundry  they 
were  the  first  in  the  country  to  manufacture  car- 
wheels  under  Mr.  \Vright's   patent.     This   firm   also 


invented  a  wheel  with  solid  hubs  and  concave  and 
convex  plates  in  1837.  Previous  to  that  time  all  car- 
wheels  were  made  with  split  hubs  with  spokes.  Mr, 
Bau>«her,  being  an  Anti-Mason,  obtained  a  good  deal  ' 
of  State  work  under  Governor  Ritner's  administra- 
tion, and  when  David  R.  Porter  was  elected  Governor,, 
in  1838,  George  \\'iiU',  who  was  a  Democrat,  obtained 
a  share  of  the  State  work.  Mr.  Baugher  retired  from 
the  firm  in  1839. 

Samuel  Truscott,  who  was  their  principal  pattern- 
maker, and  to  whom  this  firm  was  indebted  for  some  of 
their  inventions  and  the  excellent  work  they  turned 
out,  came  from  Baltimore,  JId.,  to  work  for  them  in 
1837,  and  was  taken  into  partnership  by  Mr.  Wolf  oa 
the  1st  day  of  May,  184G.  Mr.  Wolf  died  in  1859, 
when  the  firm  was  dissolved  and  Mr.  Truscott  retired; 
and  in  a  few  years  embarked  in  the  coal-oil  refining 
business  where  the  Columbia  Stove- Works  now  stand. 
After  the  removal  of  Mr.  Smedley's  machine-shop  to 
Second  Street,  Wolf  and  Truscott  erected  a  large  ma-, 
chine-shop  adjoining  their  foundry.  These  works 
were  carried  on  by  the  heirs  of  George  Wolf  until 
Feb.  1,  1871,  when  they  were  sold  to  the  Messrs.  Per- 
rottet  and  Hoyt.  In  the  year  1872  they  sold  their 
property  to  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company  to 
make  room  for  their  new  round-house.  The  firm 
purchased  property  in  the  rear  of  the  round-house 
fronting  on  Bridge  Street,  where  they  erected  larger 
and  more  extensive  works. 

James  Perrottet  was  a  bound  apprentice  to  the  late 
firm  of  Jlerrick  &  Son,  of  Philadelphia,  lie  after- 
wards went  to  the  State  of  Louisiana  and  thence  to 
the  West  Indies,  where  he  erected  anil  look  charge  of 
nuichinery  in  sugar-mills  built  by  him.  Their  spe- 
cialty has  been  the  manufacture  of  sugar  machinery 
for  Cuba  and  other  sugar-making  countries. 

William  J.  Hoyt  also  learned  his  trade  in  Phila- 
delphia, and  worked  lor  Merrick  &  Son.  He  was  pro- 
moted by  that  firm  to  various  positions,  and  remained 
with  them  until  they  sold  their  works  in  1870. 

There  is  a  machine-shop  connected  with  the  Keeley 
Stove-Works  which  manufactures  small  stationary 
engines,  and  is  conducted  by  Zimmerman  Supplee, 
which  is  a  separate  establishment  from  the  stove- 
works.  Their  business  is  increasing,  and  the  works 
in  the  near  future  are  to  be  enlarged. 

Saw-Mills.— Jacob  Strickler  erected  a  saw-mill  on 
the  bank  of  the  river,  a  short  distance  above  Fair- 
view  Grist-Mill,  about  the  year  1818.  A  wing  wall 
-ras  built  some  distance  up  the  river  from  the  mill, 
which  caught  the  current.  There  was  only  two  or 
three  feet  fall  of  water.  When  the  dam  was  con- 
structed across  the  river,  in  1838,  for  the  Susquehanna 
and  Tide- Water  Canal,  thi.s  mill  was  taken  away,  and 
another  and  much  larger  one  built  a  short  distance 
farther  down  the  river.  A  sluice  was  left  in  the 
breast  of  the  dam,  which  gave  a  greatly-increased 
I  power.  This  mill  has  been  rebuilt  and  enlarged  by 
'  its  present  owner,  Frederick  S.  Bletz. 


BOROUGH    OF   COLUMBIA. 


573 


.  In  1830,  John  McKissick,  Jr.,  John  Forry,  Jr.,  and 
Samuel  B.  Hise  erected  a  saw-mill  along  the  river 
shore,  a  short  distance  above  the  present  outlet-locks 
at  the  canal,  in  the  northwestern  section  of  the  bor- 
ough. The  falls  were  called  Little  Conewago.  A 
wing  wall  was  built  which  gave  about  three  feet  fall 
of  water.  It  was  jjartially  destroyed  repeatedly  by 
floods  in  the  river.  It  was  torn  down  in  1847,  and  a 
new  mill  built  by  Dr.  J.  J.  and  J.  S.  Grier  &  Co., 
which  was  wholly  run  by  steam-power.  After  the 
public  works  were  sold  by  the  State,  the  mill  was  torn 
down,  they  having  to  depend  entirely  upon  the  pat- 
ronage awarded  them  by  their  party  friends. 

In  1844,  Jonathan  Pusey  built  a  saw-mill  at  the 
mouth  of  Shawanese  Run,  which  was  run  by  steam- 
power.  It  was  afterwards  owned  by  his  son  Isaac, 
after  whose  death,  fifteen  years  ago,  it  was  sold  to 
Abraham  Bruner,  and  about  ten  years  ago  it  was  torn 
down  and  a  much  larger  mill  was  built  by  Abraham 
and  Cyrus  Bruner  along  the  river  shore,  close  by  the  , 
old  mill-site. 

Planing-Mills.— The  first  planing-mill  was  built  ( 
on  the  south  side  of  Union  Street,  between  Second 
and  Third  Streets,  by  Jacob  F.  Markley  &  Co.  This 
mill  was  built  in  1837.  The  Daniels  patent  planer 
was  used.  The  grooves  and  tongues  of  the  flooring 
were  made  entirely  with  a  series  of  circular  saws. 
The  Woodvvorth  patent  rotary  planer  entirely  super- 
seded this  mode  of  making  flooring.  The  mill  build- 
ing was  converted  into  a  lamp-black  manufactory  by 


J.H.Mifflin.     The  place 
Ing-houses. 

In  1850,  Joseph  Pownall 
Drauclier,  and  John  B.  Ba 


y^ 


;s  now  occupied  by  dwell- 

Joseph  Dickinson,  Hiram 
duiian  leased  ground  from 
John  L.  Wright  at  the  rear  end  of  his  mansion, 
and  erected  a  planing-mill,  where  not  only  flooring- 
boards  were  manufactured  but  all  kinds  of  house-car- 
penter work.  The  mill  was  removed  farther  away 
from  the  railroad  to  make  room  for  more  tracks,  and 
finally  taken  down  and  rebuilt  along  the  river  shore. 
It  is  and  has  been  for  years  owned  wholly  by  John  B. 
Bachmau,  Esq.  It  is  now  one  of  the  best-equipped 
phming-mills  in  the  State.  The  business  is  conducted 
by  John  B.  Bachman  and  John  Forry. 

In  1881,  Edward  Smith  erected  a  planing-mill  on 
the  river  shore  above  Union  Street.  Additions  have 
been  made  since  its  erection,  and  new  aud  niideru 
machinery  is  constantly  being  added  to  it,  and  in  a 
few  years  it  will  rank  among  the  best  iu  the  State. 

Frederick  S.  Bletz  erected  a  planing-mill  below  the 
mouth  of  Shawanese  Run,  along  Front  Street,  in 
the  year  1848.  All  kindsof  building  material  are  also 
xnnnuractured  at  this  establishment.  It  has  been  in 
'ijiprntion  6ver  since,  and  is  still  owned  by  Mr.  Bletz. 

Michael  Liphart  erected  a  planing-mill  at  the  cor- 
ner of  Lawrence  aud  Second  Streets  in  1870,  which 
waa  destroyed  by  fire  some  years  ago,  and   has  not 
Leen  rebuilt. 
■  The  Keeley  Stove- Works,  located  on  the  corner  of 


Second  and  Maple  Streets,  were  erected  in  the  sum- 
mer and  fall  of  1882.  They  are  operated  by  a  stock 
company,  whose  charter  was  dated  May  5,  1882,  with 
a  ca^iital  stock  of  §100,000,  and  subsequently  in- 
creased to  §150,000.  The  works  have  a  capacity  of 
twenty  thousand  stoves  per  annum,  and  employ  in 
their  manufacture  nearly  two  hundred  men.  The 
following-named  persons  are  the  present  otBcers  of 
the  company :  President,  George  W.  Haldeman ; 
Treasurer,  S.  S.  Detwiler  ;  Secretary,  J.  W.  Ziller; 
Manager,  W.  H.  Pfahler. 

Tanneries. — Samuel  A.  Atlee,  son  of  Col.  Samuel 
John  Atlee,  erected  a  tannery  on  Shawanese  Run 
near  the  Lancaster  turnpike  in  1798,  which  he  sold 

to  William  Todd  a  few  years  later.     He  sold  to 

Houston  and  Joseph  Mifliin.  On  the  13th  day  of 
March,  1835,  it  was  entirely  destroyed  by  fire.  It  was 
rebuilt  by  them,  and  in  a  few  years  they  sold  out  to 
Andrew  John,  who  sold  the  property  to  the  Chestnut 
Hill  Iron  Ore  Company. 

John  Hollinger  erected  a  tannery  on  the  same  run 
on  the  north  side  of  the  Lancaster  turnpike  about  the 
year  18l)6.  The  establishment  is  a  very  large  one. 
Mr.  Hollinger  also  erected  an  additional  curry ing- 
shop  farther  down  the  stream,  at  Fourth  Street. 

The  Columbia  Water  Company  was  organized 
under  an  act  of  Assembly  approved  the  29th  of  JLay, 
1823.  William  Wright  was  made  president.  The 
company  met  with  but  indifl'erent  success,  and  failed 
to  answer  the  expectations  of  the  people.  In  1858, 
after  being  in  operation  for  thirty-four  years  without 
making  a  dividend  or  furnishing  a  proper  supply  of 
water  for  domestic  use,  the  company  was  compelled  to 
make  an  assignment  for  the  payment  of  debts,  and 
some  time  during  that  year  the  charter,  with  franchises 
and  all  the  property,  was  sold  at  public  auction  to 
Samuel  Shoch  for  fifteen  thou.sand  three  hundred  and 
fifty  dollars,  when  a  new  organization  was  made. 

The  new  company  by  an  expenditure  of  more  than 
$100,000  has  erected  a  dam,  two  large  reservoirs,  with 
important  improvements,  and  laid  through  the  streets 
of  Columbia  large  iron  pipes  in  place  of  the  smaller 
ones  laid  by  the  old  company,  by  which  the  several 
steam-engines  for  the  extinguishment  of  fires  and 
other  machinery  requiring  water  can  be  abundantly 
supplied  as  well  as  the  demands  for  domestic  use.  A 
full  quantity  of  excellent  water  is  drawn  from  natural 
springs  north  of  the  town  and  also  from  the  Susiiue- 
hanna  River. 

The  capital  has  been  enlarged  to  the  sum  of 
$100,000,  and  the  all'airs  of  the  company  are  man- 
aged by  Samuel  Shoch,  president;  Joseph  H.  Black, 
Col.  Wm.  W.  McClure,  Samuel  Truscott,  K.  A.  Fon- 
dersmitU,  James  A.  Meyers,  and  W.  Latimer  Small, 
directors;  Simon  C.  May,  secretary  and  treasurer; 
W.  B.  Foeseg,  superintendent. 

Columbia  Gas  Company. — By  act  of  Assembly  of 
lOth  April,  18,31,  the  Columbia  Gas  Company  was  char- 
tered, and,  after  erecting  suitable  buildings,  went  into 


574 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


operation  for  the  purpose  of  making  and  supplying 
gas.  Samuel  W.  Miiflin  was  elected  president,  and 
Amos  Slaymal^er  Green  treasurer  and  secretary.  The 
capital  was  at  first  s37,500,  but  afterwards  increased  to 
$60,000,  at  which  it  remains.  I.  G.  Hess  was  at  one 
time  president.  In  1865,  Samuel  Shoch  was  elected 
president,  and  still  continues  in  that  office.  In  1874 
the  Lowe  process  of  making  gas  out  of  oil  was  intro- 
duced, by  the  use  of  new  apparatus  and  machinery, 
and  thus  far  has  proved  an  entire  success.  The  gas 
produced  is  of  the  best  quality.  The  company  is  at 
present  under  the  management  of  Samuel  Shoch, 
president;  H.  M.  North,  Samuel  Truscott,  H.  F. 
Bruner,  William  W.  McClure,  Charles  H.  Henkle,  C. 
E.  Graybill;  Charles  H.  Henkle,  secretary  and  treas- 
urer; Robert  Beecher,  superintendent. 

Riots.— From  the  day  the  manumitted  slaves  of 
Isard  Bacon  and  others,  of  Virginia,  located  in  Co- 
lumbia (in  1818-19)  their  numbers  were  largely  in- 
creased from  that  source,  and  fugitives  from  human 
bondage  in  their  flight  to  a  land  of  freedom^— who 
were  not  a  few — tarried  with  them,  and  thus  increased 
the  number  of  colored  people  to  more  than  a  thou- 
sand. They  did  all  the  labor  for  the  lumber  mer- 
chants along  the  river  during  the  most  profitable  and 
busy  seasons  of  the  year.  This  excited  the  envy  and 
hatred  of  not  a  few  white  people. 

Stephen  Smith,  who  was  born  a  slave  iif  Paxton, 
and  was  purchased  for  a  limited  lime  (until  he  ar- 
rived at  the  age  of  twenty-eight  years)  by  Gen.  Thomas 
Boude  in  1802,  was  a  bright  and  intelligent  boy,  and 
he  soon  developed  a  business  talent  not  easily  checked 
in  an  ambitious  youth.  Before  he  was  nineteen  years 
of  age  Gen.  Boude  gave  him  the  entire  management 
of  his  lumber-yard,  and  in  the  same  year  he  was  clan- 
destinely married  to  a  beautiful  mulatto  girl,  who  re- 
sided in  the  family  of  Jonathan  Mifflin,  lie  proposed 
to  Gen.  Boude  to  buy  the  remainder  of  his  servitude, 
and  that  gentleman  agreed  to  take  one  hundred  dol- 
lars. He  went  to  his  frien<l  John  Barber  and  told 
him  of  his  designs,  when  that  large-hearted  gentle- 
man handed  him  one  hundred  dollars.  He  pur- 
chased his  freedom,  and  then,  with  fifty  dollars  he 
had  saved  by  doing  extra  work,  he  commenced  to 
buy  a  little  lumber  and  speculate  in  every  venture  in 
which  he  could  turn  a  penny  to  profit.  His  profits 
increased  rapidly  until  he  owned  one  of  the'  largest 
lumber-yards  along  the  shore.  He  also  invested 
money  in  real  estate,  and  whenever  a  property  was 
offered  for  sale  he  was  one  of  the  foremost  and  liveliest 
bidders.  In  the  height  of  his  prosperity,  in  1834,  he 
was  served  with  the  following  notice : 

"  Yon  hove  Hgnln  aaaentbled  yourself  among  thu  white  people  to  bid 
up  properly,  ftM  you  have  Leen  in  the  habit  of  doing  for  a  Duntber  of 
yeiuH  buck.  You  uiu^t  know  that  your  presence  la  not  agieeable,  and 
the  less  you  appear  in  the  assembly  of  the  \vhltes  the  better  it  wiH  be 
for  your  black  hide,  as  there  are  a  great  uniny  In  this  place  that  would 
think  your  absence  from  it  a  benefit,  as  you  are  considered  an  injury  to 


To  this  he  gave  but  little  attention.  James  Wright, 
William  Wright,  and  John  L.  Wright  promptly  of- 
fered a  reward  for  the  detection  of  the  author  of  this 
notjce.  In  the  spring  of  1834  there  had  been  a  num- 
ber of  riots  in  several  cities  in  the  Northern  States 
against-the  colored  people.  Excitement  ran  high 
everywhere. 

On  the  11th  day  of  August,  1834,  some  person  or 
persons  broke  into  Smith's  office,  which  stood  oa 
Front  Street,  a  short  distance  below  the  round- 
house, and  destroyed  his  books  and  papers.  This 
was  a  great  loss  to  him,  but  one  that  he  could  bear. 
He  stood  up  manfully  for  his  rights,  and  did  uot  quail 
before  the  men  whom  he  was  well  assured  were  en- 
couraging a  clamor  against  him  and  invoking  mob 
law.  This  lawless  feeling  against  a  worthy  colored 
man,  who  was  not  to  be  "  browbeaten"  or  drivea 
away  by  threats  of  personal  violence,  was  turned 
against  his  less  courageous  colored  I'riends  who  resided 
in  the  northeastern  section  of  the  town.  On  the  16th, 
17th,  and  18th  of  August,  1834,  a  mob  drove  the  col- 
ored people  from  their  homes  and  destroyed  much' 
of  their  property.  They  fled  to  the  hills  surrounding 
the  town  and  to  Bethel's  Woods  for  safety,  and  some 
of  them  remained  there  several  days  without  shelter 
or  food.  David  Miller,  high  sheriff'  of  the  county, 
swore  in  a  large  number  of  "  deputies,"  who  wont 
from  Lancaster  to  Columbia  and  arrested  a  number 
of  persons  supposed  to  be  the  leaders  in  the  riots, 
They  were  tried,  but  none  of  them  were  convicted  and 
sent  to  prison  as  they  deserved  to  be. 

Mr.  Smith  removed  to  Philadelphia  in  1842,  where 
he  engaged  in  business.  He  also  retained  his  lumber- 
yard in  Columbia,  and  gave  William  Whipple,  a  col- 
ored man,  who  resided  in  Columbia,  an  interest. 

First  Steamboat  on  the  Susquehanna.— On  Sat- 
urday  evening  of  June  11,  1825,  the  first  steamboat 
that  attempted  to  navigate  the  Susquehanna  River 
from  its  mouth  to  its  source  arrived  unexpectedly  at 
this  place.  The  following  day  was  spent  in  taking 
pleasure-parties  to  "  Big  Island,"  "  Goose  Island," 
etc.  The  citizens  turned  out  in  a  body  to  witness  the 
novel  sight.  The  churches  were  all  closed,  and  the 
Sabbath-schools  presented  an  array  of  empty  benches. 
It  required  several  days  to  bring  the  boat  from  the 
mouth  of  the  river  to  this  point.  Between  these 
points  the  distance  is  forty-five  miles,  and  the  river 
at  Columbia  is  two  hundred  and  sixty  feet  higher 
than  the  head  of  tide-water,  which  is  five  miles  above 
the  mouth  of  the  river.  The  channel  is  tortuous  and 
rocky,  and  at  that  time  it  was  exceedingly  dangerous 
for  any  craft  to  attempt  to  navigate  the  stream  againsj 
the  current.  Men  ran  out  to  the  rocks  on  shore  in 
advance  of  the  boat  in  canoes,  with  anchors,  to  which 
i  ropes  were  attached,  and  on  the  bow  of  the  boat  the 
other  end  of  the  rope  was  fastened  to  a  capstan,  and 
the  boat  was  "  warped"  over  the  most  dangerous 
places.  The  boat  left  Columbia  on  Tue.sday,  the  14th 
of  June,  1825,  and   it  reiiuired  three  days  to  get  it 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


1760640 


575 


through  Little  Conewago  Falls,  above  the  outlet 
lock,  and  at  Chikis  Rock.  The  citizens  of  Marietta 
welcomed  its  arrival  with  booming  of  cannon  and 
fire- works.  The  boat  was  taken  up  the  river  as  tar 
at  Wilkesbarre,  where  the  boiler  exploded  and  de- 
stroyed it. 

Asiatic  Cholera. — Columbia  was  suddenly  visited 
by  this  dreadful  disease  in  September,  1854,  and  it  i 
raged  with  great  fury  for  ten  days,  and  threatened  | 
at  the  height  of  the  epidemic  to  destroy  the  entire  ] 
population.  It  was  confined  entirely  to  the  town, 
and  was  altogether  one  of  the  most  remarkable  epi- 
demics in  this  country  of  which  history  gives  any 
account.  The  month  of  August  and  first  week  in 
September  of  that  year  was  unusually  dry  and  hot. 
On  Thursday,  September  7th,  a  warm  wind  came  across 
the  river  from  the  south,  wafting  noisome  odors, 
which  was  supposed  to  come  from  the  decaying  vege- 
table matter  in  the  river.  This  was  a  subject  of  re- 
mark, and  many  citizens  thought  it  foreboded  no 
good  for  the  health  of  the  people.  They  anticipated 
malaria  only,  and  never  dreamed  of  the  impending 
danger,  which  visited  the  town  almost  as  suddenly 
and  unexpectedly  as  a  bolt  of  lightning. 

When  the  railroad  cars  came  from  Philadelphia 
in  the  evening  of  Sept.  7,  1854,  they  left  a  family 
of  emigrants.  Two  of  them  were  sick,  father  and 
son,  and  they  were  taken  to  an  unoccupied  dwelling 
on  Front  Street.  Physicians  were  called  to  attend 
them,  and  they  pronounced  the  disease  Asiatic,  cholera. 
Two  or  three  citizens  waited  upon  them  during  the 
night.  The  father  died  in  the  morning,  and  the  son 
Bome  time  during  the  day. 

No  uneasiness  was  felt  on  the  part  of  the  citizens, 
and  the  death  of  these  two  emigrants  caused  but 
little  remark.  On  Friday,  the  8th  of  September, 
Francis  Bradley,  a  notary  public  and  worthy  citizen, 
was  taken  sick  suddenly  with  the  disease,  and  in  an 
hour  or  two  he  was  a  corpse.  When  Saturday  morn- 
ing, the  9th,  dawned  it  found  its  citizens  in  a  panic. 
During  Friday  night  many  [lersons  were  seized  with 
the  disease,  and  when  daylight  came  long  processions 
of  men,  with  despair  or  an.xiety  depicted  upon  every 
countenance,  were  hurrying  to  the  drug-stores  or  to 
the  physicians.  The  disease  spared  neither  age  or 
sex,  rich  or  poor,  high  or  low  in  society,  but  swept 
all  before  it.  ' 

The  large  list  of  deaths  on  Saturday  and  Sunday 
attest  the  severity  of  the  disease.  On  Sunday  the 
hegira  of  the  citizens  commenced,  and  half  of  the 
population  fled  from  the  place.  Fortunately  for  them 
and  the  country  the  disease  did  not  spread  any  far- 
ther, although  there  were  many  cases  in  Pittsburgh, 
brought  there  by  some  emigrants  who  came  to  this 
country  witii  those  that  were  left  with  the  disease  in 
Columbia.  A  number  of  physicians  came  from  other 
places  to  assist  those  here.  Several  citizens  distin- 
guished themselves  by  their  benevolence  and  untiring 
efforts  in  behalf  of  the  sick.     There  was  one  who  de- 


serves special  mention.  I  refer  to  Daniel  R.  Craven,  . 
who  volunteered  as  nurse,  and  was  a  most  faithful  one.' 
A  number  of  persons  apparently  in  good  health 
were  taken  sick  suddenly  on  the  street,  and  in  an 
hour  afterwards  they  were  dead.  A  large  number  of 
those  whose  names  we  give  were  taken  sick,  died,  and 
were  buried  on  the  same  day.  Following  is  a  list  of 
the  victims  of  tliis  e|)idemic: 


Francis  Bradley,  Frout  Streel. 

Salu 
Hubert  Spnrtt3,  Fourth  Street. 
Mrs.     Williiiin     Hippey,     Cherry 

Street. 
E.  A.  Howard,  Frout  Street. 
Dr.  E.  E.  Cochran,  Walnut  Street. 
J.  J.  Strickler,  Hrrr's  hutel. 

H.  H.  Liclity,  Locust  Street. 
Samuel  Hiukle,  Uniou  Street. 
James  Keely,  Harkius'  tavern. 
Mi^.  S.  Lysle,  Laurens  Street. 
Mrs.     Samuel     Atkenfl,     Laurens 

Street. 
John  Gilbert,  Terry  Street. 


Jliss  Ann  Harnly,  Locust  Street. 
Mrs.  Steliheji  Feli,\,  Fourth  Street 
Mrs.  C.  David,  Union  Street. 
John  Boyd,  Locust  Street. 
Charles  Beuner,  at  Jacob  Hardy's, 


Uui( 


Pete 


,  Perry  Street, 
at  Miuich's  ta' 


Margaret  L.  Hagau,  Walnut  Street. 
Charles  Jackson  (colored). 
Webster  Fox  (colored). 
Malhias  Neidiuger,  Union  Street, 
at  Mack's  brewery. 


Simon  Snyder,  Front  Street. 

Mrs.  J.  W.  Shuman,  Front  Street. 

Mrs.  Jacob  Crosby,  Union  Street. 

Mrs.  Harris,  Perry  Street. 

Mrs.  Elder,  Third  Street. 

Mrs.  William  Rees,  Clierry  Street. 

Mi-s.  B.  Dick,  Second  Street. 


Sunday. 

Richard  Costello,  Union  i 
Miss     Margaret     Fi.her, 


t  G.  Bran 


1  tav- 


Street. 
William  Waitcs,  Third  Street 
A  German,  name  unknown,  hoB- 


am  Wye  (colored), 
las  Goodman  (colored). 


Lorenzo  Krab,  Third  Street 
William  Carson,  Enny's  office. 
Mrs.  Shillo,  Tliird  Street 
Mrs.  Eli  Derrick,  Locust  Street. 
Mrs.     Clarissa     Eicliards,     Third 

Street.  1       unknown. 

Samuel  Bough,  Frout  Street.  I 

Monday. 
Mis.  Catharine  Swartz,  Perry.  J.  W.Shumau's  child.  Front  Street. 

Bernard  Campbell,  Union  Street        An  Englishman,  name  unknown, 
Mrs.EIton  Kimburg,  Tliird  Street  hospital. 

John  Mieaberger,  liospitaT.  Henry  Barney  (colored). 


Mrs.  Payr 
Mrs.  H.  K 


s'8  child,  Walnut  Street 
Minich,  Front  S(reet. 


Tutedai/. 

John  Kidders,  Locust  Street 
Jesse  Harry,  Cherry  Street. 
Hannah  Wilson,  Clierry  Street 
Evan  Green,  Front  Street. 
Henry  Davis  (colored). 


Wednendiiif. 


Henry  Smith's  son,  Locust  Street 
A.  M.  Haines.  Manor  township. 
George  Boyd's  child,  Cherry  Street. 
John  Kingbell,  Fourth  Street 
Mrs.  Waltmau,  at  Lancaster. 
George     Beaver'B     child,     Locust 

Alwels  Leilfinger,  hospital. 


Samuel  Reed's  child,  Cherry  Street 
Mrs.  Ziegler,  Walnut  Street. 
Mrs.  George  Plumni,  Union  Street 
A   German,  name  unknown,  hos- 
pital. 
A  German  and  child,  names  un- 


i  disease  and 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Thuredaij. 
J.  W.Shunian'scliild,  Front  Street.       Anna  Parker  (colored),  hospital, 
Sarah  Hall  (colored),  hosiiital.  I    Michael  Baker,  Walnut  Street. 

Fridai/. 
William  Bell,  Perry  Street.  [    Mrs.  Hippy,  CHierry  Street. 

Mrs.  Sweeny,  Fourth  Street.  GeorgeSheueberger,  York  Conuty. 

William  McBride,  Third  Street.       j   John  Fotch,  licspital. 
Mrs.  E.  Wright,  Germautown.  ,    Jauiea  Brown,  Locust  Street. 

Mrs.  Odell,  Walnut  Street.  '- 

Saturday, 
John  Craig's  child,  Cherry  Street.    I    Mrs.  Evans,  corner  Fourth    and 
Zachariah  Kichard,  Front  Street.  Cherry  Streets. 

Jeffrey      Smedley,      Charlestown,  |    Timothy  Toole,  hospital. 


Chester  Co. 


Suudaij. 
Samuel  Baldwin, Fourth  Street.       j    Mrs.  George  W. 
James  McKeever,  outlet  lock.  hurg. 

John  Jordon'schild,  Fourth  Street.  ' 


.tJoy. 
lie,  Harri 


Monday. 

:      I    William  Pearson,  Chestnut  Hill. 


John  Kock,  St.  Charles  Furnai 
Sol.  Turner  (coloied). 

Tueadai,. 
Mrs.  Lentze,  Pequea.  i    Leonard  Kock,  St.  Charh 

Julin  Shaffer,  at  Brandt's.  AlOert  White  (hoy),  cau,i 

Frederick  Snyder,  Locust  Street. 


Wednei 


iel  Zahm,  Locust  Street. 
.  Jarvis,  Locust  Street. 
.  Mary  Grismeyer,  liospital. 

J 
u  Slmnian's  child,  Front  Str^ 


Irish  child,  canal  1 


Sunday. 
Mrs,  Morrison,  Laurens  Street.         1   John  naniiltun's  boy,  canal  basin. 

Railroad  Strike. — In  the  early  part  of  the  summer 
of  1877  there  was  a  great  deal  of  agitation  among 
railroad  employes  all  over  the  country.  Secret  or- 
ganizations were  formed  in  every  town  and  city  bor- 
dering along  the  trunk  lines  of  the  great  railways, 
wliich  embraced  very  nearly  all  employes  of  the  sev- 
eral railroads,  day  laborers  only  excepted.  The  sev- 
eral classes  of  employ^  had  distinct  and  separate 
organizations,  and  worked  under  variou.s  titles,  but 
all  had  one  common  object,  to  wit,  the  securing  of 
more  remunerative  wages,  and  helping  each  other  in 
case  of  sickness,  etc.  The  aggregate  number  belong- 
ing to  these  several  societies  embraced  many  thou- 
sands. In  July,  1877,  the  Baltimore  and  OlJio  Rail- 
road Company  declined  to  accede  to  a  demand  made 
by  some  of  their  employe's,  and  the  latter  suddenly 
quit  work.  The  news  was  flashed  over  every  tele- 
graph wire  in  the  country,  and  gradually  others  quit 
work  for  this  company.  The  members  of  the  different 
secret  societie.^  sympathized  with  their  friends  along 
the  Ilallimore  and  Ohio  Railroad,  and  were  carried 
away  by  the  excitement  of  the  hour,  and  were  drawn 
into  the  "strike."  There  was  no  outward  indication 
that  the  storm  started  in  Virginia  was  about  to  burst 
upon  the  Pennsylvania  and  Heading  Railroad  t'om- 
panies. 


On  Saturday,  July  21,  1877,  the  employ^j  com« 
nienoed  to  "strike"  at  Harrisburg,  and  on  Sunday; 
July  22,  Columbia  received  the  shock,  and  the 
engineers  and  others  refused  to  permit  the  moving 
of  any  freight  trains. 

A  nTass-meeting,  composed  of  railroad  employ^, 
numbering  several  hundred,  met  on  the  same  evening 
at  the  public  ground  below  the  bridge.  Committees 
were  appointed  whose  duty  it  was  to  obstruct  entirely 
the  movement  of  the  rolling-stock  of  the  railroad.  A 
mob  of  disorderly  and  disreputable  persons  took  pos- 
session of  the  town.  Some  of  them  marched  around 
among  the  farmers  and  enforced  contributions  from 
tliem  for  the  support  of  alleged  "strikers." 

Saloons  and  taverns  were  ordered  to  be  closed  by 
the  "strikers,"  and  in  one  or  two  instances  the  mob 
forced  some  of  the  grocerymen  to  give  them  flour, 
groceries,  and  provisions. 

The  company  was  at  the  mercy  of  the  strikers,  and 
they  were  very  much  afraid  that  their  proiierty  in 
the  borough,  which  amounted  to  a  million  dollars  or 
more,  would  be  destroyed  by  fire.  The  danger-point 
was  not  passed  until  the  leader  and  chief  conspirator) 
Truxell,  was  arrested  and  taken  to  jail,  which  oc- 
curred on  Thursday,  July  2()th. 

Fire  Companies. — Just  when,  where,  or  by  whom 
the  pioneer  lire  apparatus  of  the  old  Columbia  Cora* 
pany  was  purchased  we  cannot  ascertain,  as  the  earliest 
records  are  lost  or  destroyed.  However,  we  find  tiiat 
the  company  was  organized  and  owned  a  fire-engine 
as  early  as  February  27,  1806,  and  an  account  of  one 
hundred  and  fifty  dollars  having  been  paid  towards 
its  purchase,  and  the  same  year  eleven  dollars  was 
charged  by  the  treasurer  as  having  been  paid  for  re- 
pairs to  the  carriage.  This  is  supposed  to  mean  the 
hose-carriage,  though  not  definitely  stated.  In  1814, 
at  a  reorganization  of  the  company,  the  following 
persons  were  enrolled  as  members:  Samuel  Miller, 
William  F.  Houston,  William  B.  Hunt.  John  Wilson, 
John  Haldeman,  Michael  Elder,  William  F.  Beaty, 
Joseph  Jeffries,  John  McKissick,  Joseph  Mifliin,  Jacob 
Williams,  Thomas  Wright,  Thomas  M.  Jlifflin,  John 
Forrey,  John  Brum  field,  Robert  W.  Houston,  C. 
Brennemau,  Dominick  Haughey,  E.  Green,  Amos  H( 
Slaymaker,  Benjamin  Brubaker,  John  L.  Wright, 
John  Gontner,  Jr.,  James  Willson,  Jr.,  John  Mathiot, 
A.  B.  Breneman,  John  Greenleaf,  Peter  Yarnall,  John 
Evans,  James  Clyde,  James  Sweeney,  Thomas  Lloyd, 
Joshua  King,  William  Wright,  James  E.  Mifflin, 
Charles  N.  Wright,  Hugh  McCorkill,  William  Liston, 
John  W.  Patton,  Israel  Cooke,  James  Collins,  Nathan 
Roberts,  Jr.,  Benjamin  Worrell,  Henry  Martin,  Robert 
Barber,  Jacob  Jlathiot,  Casper  Peters,  John  Hippey, 
Th.  A.  Willson,  Robert  Magill,  Thomas  Trump,  John 
Dicks,  William  Kirkwood, George  W. Gibbons,  George 
Mason,  James  Todd,  George  Peters,  Christian  Halde- 
man. The  engine-  and  hose-house  of  this  company 
is  located  on  LocustStreet,  between  Second  and  Third, 
and  is  conveniently  and  elegantly  fitted  up  for  the 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


577 


comfort  of  the  members  of  the  company  and  their 
visitors.  The  officers  for  188.3  were:  President,  John 
Tyson;  Vice-President,  William  Findley;  Secretary, 
li.  >t.  Sample;  Treasurer,  J.  W.  Yocum-  Chief  En- 
gineer, D.  A.  Wayne  ;  Chief  Director,  Eugene  Conley. 
The  Good  Intent  Fire  Company  was  organized 
in  April,  1835,  and  a  fire-engine  was  purchased  in  the 
eunimer  of  the  same  year.  This  company  was  com- 
posed of  the  wealthiest  and  best  citizens  in  the 
place. 

The  Vigilant  Steam  Fire-Engine  and  Hose  Com- 
pany, No.  2,  whose  engine-house  is  located  at  No. 
24  North  Second  Street,  was  originally  organized  as 
the  "  Good  Intent  Fire  Company,"  and  subsequently 
(about  1844)  the  name  was  changed  to  "Vigilant  Fire 
Company,"  and  atthe  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion  nearly 
all  the  members  "shouldered  arms  and  marched  to  the 
front."  In  the  latter  part  of  18(35  the  company  was 
reorganized  and  consolidated  with  the  old  "Susque- 
hanna Fire  Company,"  under  the  name  of  "  Vigilant 
Steam  Fire-Engine  and  Hose  Company,  No.  2."  The 
property  at  No.  24  North  Second  Street  is  owned  by 
the  company.  They  have  in  charge  a  fourth-class 
Clupp  &  Jones  steamer,  built  in  1882,  and  have 
upon  their  rolls  the  names  of  about  two  hundred 
men.  The  officers  of  the  company  for  1883  were  as 
follows:  President,  George  R.  Bennett;  Vice-Presi- 
dent, James  Kiskaddon ;  Treasurer,  N.  Gilihan; 
Secretary,  George  W.  Schroeder. 

The  Shawnee  Steam  Fire-Engine  and  Hose  Com- 
pany, whose  engine-liouse  is  located  on  North  Fifth 
Street,  in  the  Fourth  Ward  of  the  borough,  was  or- 
ganized June  4,  1874,  with  the  following  officers  and 
members,  the  first  election  taking  place  June  12th  of 
the  same  year.  The  following  were  the  first  officers 
elected:  President,  James  E.  Wolf;  Vice-President, 
Frank  Conroy ;  Secretary,  George  L.  Lyle;  Treasurer, 
Daniel  F.  Gohn  ;  Trustees,  William  G.  Lutz,  John 
Elliott,  Philip  Schlack;  Foreman,  George  W.  Wike; 
Assistant  Foremen,  C.  Swartz,  C.  Shillot,  D.  Cole- 
man ;  Hose  Guards,  John  Wolf,  James  Hickey,  David 
liarr,  Andrew  Lane,  Samuel  Blackson,  George  Shoe- 
maker, Ed.  Gause,  Frederick  Hardnele.  The  steamer 
in  charge  of  this  company  is  a  third-class  Clapp  & 
Jones  machine,  built  and  purchased  in  187G.  The 
company  had,  July  80, 1883,  two  hundred  and  sevQiity- 
four  members  on  their  rolls.  The  officers  for  1883 
were  as  follows:  President,  Andrew  Hardnele;  Vice- 
President,  George  Hardnele;  Secretary,  George  F. 
Lutz;  Treasurer,  Daniel  F.  Gohn;  Chief  Engineer, 
Joseph  Howers;  Assistant  Engineer,  Harry  Dinkle; 
Trusteeg,  A.  11.  Gilbert,  Peter  Book,  Joseph  Sweitzer; 
Janitor,  Joiin  Honadle;  Chief  Hose  Director,  Ed. 
Triicy  ;  First  AHsistant,  George  Dinkle. 

The  borough  purchased  a  small  fire-engine  called 
the  "  Bravo"  about  the  year  1825.  The  box  was 
•upplied  with  water  carried  in  buckets  from  the  river 
or  Home  adjoining  pump.  There  was  a  crank-handle 
oa  each  side,  where  two  men  could  stand  and  turn 
87 


the  handle,  which  forced  the  water  over  an  ordinary 
house. 

It  was  of  great  service  in  case  of  fires,  and  could 
be  taken  into  any  of  the  back  yards  and  other  places 
where  a  larger  engine  could  not  go.  But  little  care 
was  taken  with  it,  and  the  wood-work  shrank  and  let 
out  the  water  at  first  about  as  fast  as  it  was  put  in. 

The  cylinder  lay  horizontal,  and  the  shaft  between 
the  handles  ran  through  the  centre.  Two  meh  could 
work  this  little  engine  very  easily. 

It  weut  to  pieces  more  than  twenty  years  ago.  In 
1832  it  was  given  in  charge  of  Columbia  Fire  Com- 
pany. 

Eastern  Star  Lodge,  No.  169,  F.  and  A.  M.,  was 
constituted  about  1812.  The  records  of  the  lodge  are 
lost,  but  it  is  known  that  it  continued  work  till  about 
1830,  when  its  communications  ceased.  The  last  sur- 
viving Mason  who  was  a  member  at  that  time,  Tliomas 

B.  Dunbar,  died  in  June,  18S3. 

Columbia  Lodge,  No.  286,  F.  and  A.  M.,  was  con- 
stituted Feb.  16,  1S54,  under  a  charter  granted  to  C. 
S.  Kaurt'man,  W.  il. ;  Daniel  Herr,  S.  W.  ;  Jacob  M. 
Strickler,  J.  W. ;  James  S.  McMahon,  S. ;  Thomas 
Lloyd,  T. ;  and  Peter  A.  Kinburg,  John  Eckert,  and 
John  Barr,  charter  members.  The  first  place  of  meet- 
ing was  Herr's  Hotel,  corner  of  Fulton  and  Walnut 
Streets.  Its  communications  were  held  here  till  1873, 
when  it  removed  to  Odd-Fellows'  Hall,  corner  of 
Second  and  Locust  Streets,  its  present  place  of  meet- 
ing. 

The  Worshipful  Masters  of  this  lodge  have  been 

C.  S.  Kaulfman,  Daniel  Herr,  Joseph  Buchanan, 
Francis  H.  Ebur,  J.  L.  Wolfe,  L.  Frederick,  A.  M. 
Rambo,  E.  K.  Boice,  A.  J.  Kauffman,  C.  H.  Mc- 
Cullough,  J.  A.  E.  Keed,  J.  A.  Myers,  William  W. 
Upp,  A.  R.  Breneman,  C.  A.  Fondersmith,  J.  G. 
Pence,  Franklin  Hinkle,  David  B.  Willson,  Silas  A. 
Vache,  George  F.  Rathvon,  S.  B.  Clepi)er,  John  A. 
Blade,  James  Perr^ttet,  Theodore  L.  Urban.  The 
present  officers  are  Joseph  W.  Yocum,  W.  jM.  ; 
Abraham  G.  Guiles,  S.  W. ;  Simon  C.  Camp,  J.  W.  ; 
James  A.  Meyers,  T._;  and  A.  J.  Kauffman,  S. 

The  total  number  initiated  in  this  lodge  is  two  hun- 
dred and  eighty-eight.  The  present  membership  is 
one  hundred  and  forty-three.  The  lodge  has  a  fund 
of  $12,500  invested. 

Corinthian  Royal  Arch  Chapter,  No.  224,  F. 
and  A.  M.,  was  c(.M>titutcd  June  24,  1801),  with  A.  J. 
Kauflman,  H.  P.;  Franklin  Hinkle,  K. ;  George  F. 
Sprenger,  S.  ;  E.  K.  Boice,  T. ;  M.  M.  Strickler,  Sec. ; 
David  Hanauer,  A.  M.  Rambo,  George  Seibert,  Jacob 
S.  Snyder,  C.  S.  Kaulfman,  and  John  C.  Buclier, 
charter  members. 

The  foltowing  have  served  as  H.  P.:  A.  J.  Kaull- 
man,  Franklin  Hinkle,  William  II.  Eagle,  William 
II.  Pfahler,  Charles  H.  McCuUough,  C.  L.  P.  Boice, 
T.  J.  Clepper,  Andrew  M.  Rambo,  Stephen  B.  Clep- 
per,  Jacob  G.  Pence,  Peter  A.  Krodel,  John  A.  Slade, 
Elias  B.  Herr. 


578 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


The  present  officers  are  Joseph  W.  Yocum,  H.  P. ; 
William  G.  Taylor,  K. ;  Theodore  L.  Urbau,  S. ; 
Charles  H.  Pfahler,  T. ;  A.J.  Kauffman,  Sl'c.  The 
last  has  been  Grand  Commander  of  the  Knights 
Templar  in  Pennsylvania. 

The  present  membership  is  seventy-three,  and  it 
has  a  surplus  invested. 

Cyrene  Commandery,  No.  34,  K.  T.,  was  consti- 
tuted first  by  dispensation  March  25,  1869,  and  by 
charter  June  9,  18G9.  The  charter  members  were 
Andrew  J.  Kauffman,  E.  C. ;  Andrew  M.  Rambo,  G. ; 
George  F.  Sprenger,  C.  G.  ;  Matthew  M.  Strickler, 
T. ;  Franklin  Hinkle,  Rec. ;  George  Seibert,  Samuel 
Carter,  Jacob  S.  Snyder,  John  C.  Bucher,  Christian 
S.  Kauffman,  and  Andrew  M.  Rambo. 

The  Past  Commanders  are  as  follows:  C.  S.  Kauff- 
man, A.  J.  Kauffman,  A.  M.  Rambo,  William  H. 
Eagle,  Stephen  B.  Clepper,  Thomas  J.  Clepper,  Sul- 
livan S.  Child,  Daniel  J.  Griffith,  Peter  A.  Krodel, 
Stephen  S.  Clair,  John  A.  Slade,  Isaac  D.  Landis, 
Simon  C.  Camp,  and  Christian  Hershey. 

The  present  officers  are  William  H.  Pfahler,  E.  C.  ; 
George  J.  Ralhbon,  G. ;  Robert  McAnall,  C.  G.  ;  W. 
G.  Taylor,  T. ;  A.  J.  Kauffman,  Rec. 

The  present  membership  is  sixty-two. 

Susquehanna  Lodge,  No.  80,  I.  0.  0.  F.,  was  or- 
ganized in  the  borough  of  Columbia  in  December, 
1842.  The  charter  members  were  John  Frederick 
Houston,  N.  G. ;  T.  B.  Odell,  V.  G. ;  E.  J.  Sneeder, 
Sec;  Nicholas  Springer,  Treas.  This  lodge  is  one 
of  the  oldest  and  most  prominent  of  the  lodges  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  is  yet  in  tine  working  order,  with 
a  membership  far  above  the  average.  The  roll-books 
of  the  lodge  contain  the  names  of  men  who  have 
since  become  prominent  in  railroad.  State,  and  na- 
tional affairs.  We  may  mention  the  late  Thomas  A. 
Scott,  late  president  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad, 
also  Assistant  Secretary  of  War  under  President 
Lincoln,  and  a  number  of  others  who  have  held  sim- 
ilar positions  of  honor  and  trust.     We  copy  the  fol- 


lowing list  of  nam 
forty  years  ago : 

Juhn  F.  IIouetoD. 
E.  J.  Sneoder. 
KIcliulus  Springer. 
Martin  Noil. 
Francia  lliadli-y. 
William  McClicsney. 
G.  G.  Claiburne. 
Willium  F.  Curottiers. 
William  CowUeu. 
H.  Siiyiiuiu. 
A.  Guhn. 
O.  C.  Franclacus. 
C.  Mellinger. 
Jghli.ll.  Wright. 
Jolin  nnlhiiiher.  ' 


from   the  roll 


lenibership 


H.  M 

urray. 

J.  Sn 

edk.y. 

B.C. 

Lluyd. 

Jiin.ea  Kerr. 

J.  M 

Knip. 

El.  B 

D.  K 

Gardiner 

G.  n 

Rntter. 

Will 

am  Shaw 

D.  K 

Blxlc-r. 

John 

B.  Wolf. 

Abrah.iui  llur 

R.U 

alfiint. 

S.  II. 

Carnjihan 

M,  Ck'ppor. 
S.imiitl  Caley. 
W.  W.  Miirlln. 
J.  W.  Berntheizel. 
Godfrey  Keebler. 


Paskil  M.  Taylo 
Jacob  Wolf. 
William  S.  Coch 


Sunulel  Oolin. 
John  tddy. 
Joseph  A.  Barr. 
11.  Pfahler. 
John  Lloyd. 

P.  Goodman. 
Jacob  Grubb. 
E.  A.  Howard. 
A.  McMithael. 
S.  D.  Young. 
J.  H.  Broolis. 
H.  R.  Muaser. 
John  Jordan. 
A.  1).  BoggB. 
William  Caats. 
Samuel  Brooks. 


G.  W.  Barrack. 
J.  JlcCorkle. 
H.  Krenaun. 

C.  I!a«linga. 
William  Boll. 
Joseph  HeS3. 
John  F.  Craig. 
Elias  Haul). 
Joseph  Withers. 
M.  Leese. 

S.  C.  Gove. 
Nelson  Sutton. 
William  Paltou. 
William  S.  Dickey. 
II.  Brennem.iu. 

D.  Murphy. 

J.  B.  Edwards. 


George  Moore.  '.i. 

Thomas  A.  Scott.  ,  ! 
P.  M.  Haldeman. 

M.  Leibhart.  ''I 

A.Harper.  ^ 

H.  Harnley.  •; 

William  Wiggins.  '.^ 

J.  H.  Roberts.  ''■ 

J.  F.  Beecher.  (*, 

John  Kerr.  :^ 

Joseph  Black.  Jr.  ,• 

Samuel  S.  Hively.  's' 

P.  Delinger.  j, 

0.  Westbrook.  « 

B.  F.  Whitson.  '  "? 

T.  Tyrrell.  '4. 

S.  R.  Lewellyn.  ...(j 

William  F.  Lockard.  ; 

A.  M.  Haines.  '  "^ 
0.  SIcCullough.  ■'' 
R.W.Smith.  'Si 
Levi  Duck.  ,A 
William  R.  Beck.  . 
John  Smeltzer.  * 
H.  Fraley.  .  j 
J.  B.  Flury.  ,  ^^ 

B.  Young.  ; 
P.  Morris.  ' 
Joseph  Hougendobler.  :i 
William  Roberts.  ) 
Jacob  K.  Habaker.  .^ 
William  Sclmlck. 

Samuel  Bruckhart.  ,   '! 

Conrad  Kraus.  .'| 

John  H.  Kauffman.  ^ 
Joseph  B.  Habaker. 

John  Kessler.  •* 
H.  A.  Hougendobler. 

John  M.  Weller.  I 

AVilliam  Brown.  { 

Daniel  Flury.  **■ 

0.  W.  Kiilhfon.  '^ 

Henry  U.  Upp.  i^ 

Joseph  HidJIeson.  . 


A  number  of  the  prominent  members  of  this  lodge 
formed  an  association,  and  erected  a  large  four-stury 
building  at  the  northeast  corner  of  Second  and  Locust 
Streets,  measuring  forty  feet  on  Locust,  and  e.xtendinj 
along  Second  Street  eighty  feet,  in  the  year  1850. 
The  lodge-room  is  in  the  fourth  story.  The  third 
story  is  used  by  the  order  of  Red  Men  and  the 
Blasonic  fraternity.  The  second  story  is  used  for  a 
public  hall,  and  the  first  story  for  law-offices  and 
drug-store.     The  association  is  a  stock  company,      i 

The  membersliip  of  Lodge  No.  80  is  very  large. 
Since  its  organization  more  than  thirty  thousand  dol- 
lars have  been  paid  out  in  benefits  to  members  anii 
their  families.  '■ 

The  Past  Grands  of  this  lodge  who  are  now  living  are 
Martin  Neil,  Samuel  B.  Heise,  D.  I.  Bniner,  Samuel 
Truscott,  William  F.  Carutliers,  H.  H.  Houston,  H. 
M.  North,  Harford  Fraley,  Peter  Fraley,  Hiram  Wil- 
son,  T.  J.  Kuch,  Stephen  Green,  William  Reese,  A. 
M.  Rambo,  John  Shenberger,  M.  S.  Shuman,  E.  A. 
Becker,  A.  J.  Musser,  William  B.  Fasig,  H.  F.  Bruner, 
C.  H.  McCullough,  S.  C.   May,  John  L.  Long,  Jobn 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


D79 


B.  Mullen,  J.  D.  Stacy,  J.  D.  Fisher,  Benjamin  Hal- 
deman,  Andrew  Henderson,  Henry  Hippey,  Jacob 
BaLn,  John  A.  Brush,  William  Clark,  Ge.)rge  D. 
Huff,  J.  G.  Pence,  L.  D.  May,  A.  J.  Hoffman,  James 
B.  Douglas,  John  B.  Eshleman,  L.  C.  Overton,  Hugh 
Donley,  Michael  Schaivley,  Samuel  H.  Boyd,  Henry 
Myers,  George  B.  Breneman,  Samuel  H.  Hoffman, 
Joseph  Funk,  James  T.  Schroeder,  Isaac  Anwerter, 
B.  F.  Dean,  and  Jacob  Tracy. 

The  present  officers  are  E.   D.  Fry,  N.  G. ;  R.  S. 
Dunbar,  V.  G. ;  Samuel   H.   Boyd,  freas. ;  R.  J.  M. 
Little,  Sec.;  John  E.  Tyler,  Asat.  Sec.     The  present, 
membership  is  two  hundred  and  one.     The  lodge 
has  a  surplus  invested  of  five  thousand  dollars. 

Orion  Lodge,  I.  0,  0.  F.,  was  organized  May  25, 
1874,  witli  the  following-named  officers:  W.  Hayes 
Grier,  N.  G. ;  Simon  P.  Wayne,  V.  G.  ;  J.  S.  Smith, 
Bee.  I  H.  H.  Roberts,  Asst.  Sec. ;  George  W.  Schroe- 
der, Treas.  ;  George  W.  Sener,  A.  C.  Eckert,  V.  J. 
Baker,  Trustees  ;  0.  W.  Stevenson,  Con. ;  S.  P.  Moder- 
well,  S.  W. ;  Samuel  Greeuawalt,  J.  W. ;  Harry  C. 
Lichty,  R.  S.  to  N.  G. ;  George  A.  Souders,  L.  S.  to 
N.  G. ;  James  S.  Nowlen,  R.  S.  S. ;  Evan  G.  Hamaker, 
L.  S.  S. ;  S.  M.  Williams,  R.  S.  to  V.  G. ;  Charles  B. 
Schuster,  L.  S.  to  V.  G. ;  James  Growth er,  I.  G. ;  Sam- 
uel Hippy,  O.  G. ;  H.  C.  Sprout,  Janitor.  The  lodge  is 
in  a  flourishing  condition,  and  numbers  about  one 
hundred  and  forty-five  members  in  good  standing, 
iiid  a  fund  of  three  thousand  dollars  in  the  treasury. 
Tiieir  lodge-room  is  iu  the  third  story  of  the  Vigi- 
lant Fire  Company,  on  Second  Street,  between  Locust 
and  Walnut  Streets. 

Shawnee  Encampment,  No,  23, 1.  0.  0.  F.,  was 
organized,  but  after  u  tew  years  it  surrendered  its  j 
charier,  and  was  subsequently  reorganized.  The  Past 
Chief  Patriarchs  are  Samuel  Truscott,  Samuel  B. 
Heise,  Hiram  Wilson,  D.  L  Bruner,  Andrew  Hen- 
derson, J.  W.  Fisher,  A.  M.  Rambo,  John  Shenber- 
ger,  H.  F.  Bruner,  John  L.  Long,  Daniel  CuUey, 
George  D.  Huff,  Simon  C.  May,  R.  J.  M.  Little,  E. 
A.  Becker,  John  A.  Brush,  A.  J,  Musser,  William 
Clark,  C.  H.  McCullough,  Jacob  Bahn,  Samuel  P. 
Graver,  L.  C.  Oberlin,  Olhneil  Geiger,  Michael 
Scheibiey,  H.  C.  Lichty,  Orrick  Richards,  M.  H. 
Newcomer,  James  B.  Douglass,  George  D.  Schroeder, 
Jlenry  ilyers,  C.  D.  Stevenson,  Charles  N.  Sin\ms, 
laauc  Oibb,  James  A.  Allison,  and  Eli  Roberts.  The 
present  otlicers  are  Samuel  C.  Schwartz,  C.  P.;  John 
H  Tyler,  S.  W. ;  F.  P.  D.  Miller,  J.  W.  ;•  George  D. 
Bcbroeder,  T.  R.  J. ;  M.  Little,  S.  The  membership 
of  the  encampment  is  ninety-three.  It  has  a  fuud 
Invented  of  three  thousand  dollars. 

The  Brotherhood  of  Locomotive  Engineers  of 
the  United  States,  Canada,  and  Mexico,  Division 
Ho.  104,  was  organized  in  Columbia  in  the  month  of 
.June,  18G9.  None  but  locomotive  engineers  can  be- 
.coroe  members  of  this  order.  The  object  of  this  asso- 
^ciatlon  is  for  "  mutual  i)rotection  and  llie  elevation  of 
,|U  members  in  society,  and  their  advancement  in 


their  occupation."  There  is  also  a  beneficial  and  life 
insurance  feature  of  the  order,  which  pays  the  family 
of  a  deceased  member  the  sum  of  three  thousand  dol- 
lars, and  ulso  the  same  amount  for  total  disability. 
In  case  of  sickness  or  partial  disability  the  sum  of 
eight  dollars  ptr  week  is  paid  to  the  beneficiary. 

The  officers  are  John  T.  Richards,  Chief  Engi- 
neer; George  Irwin,  First  Engineer;  Henry  Beck, 
Second  Engineer;  James  B.  Strawbridge,  First  As- 
sistant Engineer;  Hayes  Smith,  Second  Assistant 
Engineer  ;  Joshua  Hughes,  Third  Assistant  Engineer ; 
David  Leyman,  Guide;  Jesse  Godeeker,  Chaplain. 

The  stated  meetings  of  this  order  are  on  the  first 
Sunday  of  each  month  and  the  third  Wednesday 
evening  of  each  month.  Their  room  is  on  the  third 
story  of  Fenrich's  Hall,  on  Locust  Street,  between 
Front  and  Second  Streets. 

There  are  thirty  two  members  of  the  order  belong- 
ing to  this  division.  The  following-named  members 
have  died  :  Thomas  Powers,  Michael  Shuman,  Jacob 
Armstrong,  John  Neinian.  JMartin  Mellinger  was 
killed  on  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  at  Glen  Lock,  in 
the  winter  of  1871,  while  standing  on  the  track,  oil- 
ing his  engine.  In  case  of  death  the  sum  is  made 
up  by  an  assessment  of  one  dollar  each  in  the  whole 
order. 

The  rules  of  the  order  prohibit  drunkenness,  and 
its  menibers  are  not  permitted  to  keep  drinking  sa- 
loons or  taverns.  The  motto  of  the  order  is  "  Truth, 
Justice,  Sobriety,  and  Morality."  The  members  are 
all  respectable  and  well-to-do  citizens. 

Chiquesalunga  Tribe,  No.  3L  Improved  Order 
of  Red  Men,  was  organized  in  1857,  with  Joseph  S. 
List,  S. ;  J.  W.Tyler,  S.  S. ;  J.  B.  Rahm,  J.  S. ;  J.  H. 
Freet,  P. ;  G.  Branett,  K.  of  W. ;  Dudley  D.  Upp, 
C.  of  R.,  and  others  as  charter  members.  It  haa 
maintained  an  unbroken  existence  to  the  present 
time.  The  Sachems  have  been  V.  J.  Baker,  Edward 
Billet,  William  L.  Cope,  B.  F.  Clair,  Joseph  .Ellsla- 
ger,  David  R.  Fisher,  Samuel  Greenawalt,  George 
Hardnele,  Andrew  Hardnele,  John  Harsh,  Isaac 
Broom,  Adam  Krotzer,  W.  R.  Meckley,  Harry  Maze, 
Lawrence  McCracken,  Jacob  Milligsack,  H.  C.  Mat- 
thews, William  Preston,  Daniel  Retheiser,  George 
Roberts,  John  Ritter,  George  W.  Seaner,  Amos  Sym- 
mons,  L.  M.  Williams,  G.  W.  Snider,  Nicholas  Wolf, 
George  Young,  Emanuel  Newcomer,  William  Black- 
son. 

The  present  officers  are  Charles  Filbert,  S. ;  Jacob 
Krotzer,  S.  S. ;  Albert  Newcomer,  J.  S.  ;  William 
Meckley,  P.;  Emanuel  Newcomer,  C.  of  R. ;  E.  J. 
Baker,  K.  of  W. 

The  tribe  has  two  hundred  and  two  members,  and 
its  assets  above  its  liabilities  are  four  thousand  dol- 
lars. 

The  wigwam  of  this  tribe  is  tastefully  furnished, 
and  the  walls  are  ilecoraled  with  characteristic  paint- 

Osceola  Tribe,  No.  11,  Improved  Order  of  Red 


'C.:  4' 


580 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Men,  was  organized  Jan.  17, 1874,  with  Smith  Swords, 
S. ;  A.  J.  Musser,  S.  S. ;  J.  H.  Downs,  J.  S. ;  P.  A. 
Krodel,  C.  of  R. ;  James  Schroeder,  K.  of  W. ;  Wil- 
liam Paxson,  Prophet;  Josiah  Gramme,  George  F. 
Berger,  Charles  Grove,  Andrew  M.  Rambo,  Peter 
Hofl'man,  Henry  A.  Weaver,  Calvin  A.  Bahn,  Claj'- 
ton  J.  Reisinger,  Henry  Bixler,  John  Bahn,  Jat-ob 
A.  Devine,  Abram  Guiles,  Charles  G.  Hopton,  Josluia 
Earnshaw,  Jacob  H.  Lutz. 

This  was  the  reorganization  of  a  tribe  by  the  same 
name  that  was  chartered  much  earlier,  and  at  the 
time  of  its  reorganization  James  Schroeder,  now  dead, 
was  the  only  living  member  of  the  original  tribe. 

The  Sachems  of  this  tribe  have  been,  in  succession, 
Smith  Swords,  William  Paxson,  Josiah  Gramm,  S.  B. 
Clepper,  John  H.  Downs,  Peter  Hoffman,  George 
Little,  John  D.  Lowry,  Benjamin  F.  Jlann,  Joseph 
G.  Moore,  H.  S.  Kimmel.  John  B.  Slaymaker,  Filbert 
Smith,  D.  L.  Weim,  G.  W.  Berntheisel,  Thomas  J. 
Clepper,  Adolphus  Redman. 

The  present  oflicers  are  B.  H.  Eicherly,  Sachem ; 
George  Studenroth,  S.  S. ;  George  C.  Hill,  J.  S. ;  G. 
W.  Berntheisel,  P.;  G.  Bentou  Clepper,  C.  of  R.; 
Henry  Nolte,  K.  of  W.  The  present  membership  is 
one  hundred  and  forty-six.  The  tribe  has  a  surplus 
of  several  hundred  dulhirs  in  its  treasury. 

The  Red  Rose  Conclave,  No.  10,  Knig-hts  of  the 
Red  Cross  of  Constantine  and  Attendant  Orders. 
— This  was  first  organized  as  No.  o'J,  under  a  charter 
from  the  Grand  Conclave  of  England,  dated  June  16, 
1871.  June  14,  1872,  the  conclave  was  renumbered 
by  the  Grand  Council  of  Pennsylvania. 

The  charter  members  were  A.  J.  Kauffman,  M.  P.  S. ; 
S.  B.  Clepper,  Vice;  Charles  J.  Fondersmith,  S.  G. ; 
Abraham  R.  Breneman,  J.  G. ;  William  H.  Pfhaler, 
H.  P.;  Charles  H.  Pfhaler,  Treas. ;  P.  A.  Krodel, 
Rec. ;  George  F.  Rathvon,  Christian  Hershey,  D.  D. 
Upp,  Jacob  Z.  HofFer,  and  Franklin  Henkle. 

John  A.  Slade  is  the  present  M.  P.  S.,  and  A.  J. 
Kauffman,  Recorder.  The  last  nameil  has  held  the 
position  of  Grand  Sovereign  of  Pennsylvania. 

Assembly  No.  20,  A.  0.  M.  P.,  was  instituted  in 
December,  187o,  with  A.  J.  Kauffman,  Master  Arti- 
san ;  Jolin  A.  Slade,  Superintendent;  A.J.  Musser, 
Inspector  ;  S.  A.  Bockius,  Recorder  ;  J.  L.  Pinkerton, 
Cashier;  Dr.  Alexander  Craig,  Medical  Examiner; 
Christian  Hershey,  Hugh  Donnelly,  A.  R.  Hogen- 
dobler,  Daniel  C.  Wann,  John  B.  Eshluman,  Abram 
G.  Guiles,  Samuel  Filbert,  Rev.  John  McCoy,  Henry 
Hippey,  John  E.  Metzger,  Jlilton  Wike,  Samuel  S. 
Klair,  Edward  H.  Staman,  H.  H.  Heise,  Henry  Nolte, 
S.  H.  Miller,  Frederick  Bucher,  Hiram  Wilson,  H.F. 
Bruner,  H,  S.  Hershey,  Dr.  J.  K.  Lineaweaver, 
David  Hanover,  Abram  Bruner,  John  C.  Clark,  Ed- 
ward S.  Stair,  Cyrus  Bruner,  John  Sternberger,  Fred- 
erick Bruner,  Jacob  A.  May,  Charles  D.  May,  Jacob 
Bruner,  George  C.  Haldeman,'Dr.  W.  G.  Taylor,  W. 
Hayes  Grier,  John  U  Devlin,  H.  C.  Sprout,  and 
William  B.  Foesig  as  charter  members. 


The  Past  Master  Artisans  are  A.  J.  Kauffman, 
John  A.  Slade,  H.  A.  Musser,  John  B.  E^hlemaii, 

D.  C.  Wann,  A.  R.  Hogendobler,  Cyrus  Bruner, 
Jacob  Bahn.  The  present  officers  are  F.  P.  D.  Jliller, 
M.  A. ;  Jacob  Smith,  S. ;  H.  F.  Yergy,  I. ;  D.  C. 
Wann,  R.  ;  H.  S.  Hershey,  Cashier;  Dr.  J.  R.  Line- 
aweaver, Med.  Ex.  The  present  membership  is  forty- 
nine.  No  death  has  occurred  among  the  members  of 
this  Assembly.  The  funds  of  the  Assembly  amount 
to  fifteen  hundred  dollars. 

Pennsylvania  Castle,  No.  76,  R.  0.  of  the  K.  of 
j  the    M.   C,  was  organized   in    October,   1874,    with 
Thomas  Jackson,  chaplain;  A.  N.  Wilson,   Sir  Kt. 
Commander;  William  Redman,  Sir  Kt.   Vice-Com- 
mander; John  Letz,  Sir  Kt.  First  Lieutenant;  H.  C. 
Sprout,  Sir  Kt.  Recording  Scribe;  George  Hardnail, 
j  Sir  Kt.  Assistant  Recording  Scribe;   John  P.  Hall, 
[  Sir  Kt.  Financial  Scribe;  Sir  Kt.  Treasurer,  Samuel 
I  Bruckart;  Sir  Kt.  Inside  Guard,  Henry  Heiser ;  Sir 
Kt.  Outside  Guard,  James  I.  McEnnis;  Sir  Kt.  Past 
Commanders,  James  I.  McEnnis,   James  Hardnail, 
and   John   H.  Bletz,  and  thirty-seven  other  charter 
members. 

The  castle  has  enjoyed  uninterrupted  prosperity, 
and  it  now  numbers  one  hundred  and  ten  knights. 
The  present  otBcers  are  B.  F.  Mann,  Sir  Kt.  Com- 
mander;     Detwiler,  Sir  Kt.  Vice-Commander; 

William  Trapnell,  Sir  Kt.  First  Lieutenant;  Simon 
Gramm,  Chaplain  ;  W.  G.  Taylor,  Sir  Kt.  Treasurer; 

E.  K.  Getz,  Sir  Kt.  Recording  Scribe;  J.  G.  Paine, 
Sir  Kt.  Assistant  Recording  Scribe;  A.  J.  Hogen- 
togler.  Sir  Kt.  Inside  Guard ;  Adam  Eag\e,  Sir  Kt, 

Outside  Guard  ;  Philip  Clark,  J.  S.  Purple,  and 

Diffenderfer,  Trustees.  The  Past  Commanders  are 
S.  J.  Ashton,  Tobias  Manning,  A.  J.  Hogentogler,  D. 
R.  Rattew,  E.  K.  Getz,  Uriah  Sourbeer,  Jacob  Wi-  ; 


E>ifrenderfer,  A.  G.  Lindsey,  Ja 


I.  Me- 


i  »ier, 

I  Ennis. 

I      Conestoga  Lodge,  No.  463,  Knights  of  Pythias, 

j  was  organized  March  1;"),  IsSO,  with  the  tbilowing 
charter  members:  J.  F.  Jletzger,  Frederick  Thumra, 
Jcdin    Weber,    Frederick     Abendschein,    Frederick 

'  Brumer,  William  Buchholz,  H.  Beinhauer,  D.  Yung, 
Christian  Metzger,  Christian  Ladenburger. 

The  first  officers  were  Ch.  C,  J.  F.  Jletzger;  V. 
Ch.,  J.  Niclaus;  Prelate,  W.  Buchholz;  Master  at' 
Arms,  J.  Weber;  K.  R.  and  S.,  Christian  Jletzger; 
Treas.,  F.  Thumm;  M.  of  Ex.,  D.  Yung;  I.  G.,  H. 
Bierhauer';  0.  G.,  Christian  Ladenburger. 

The  presiding  officers  were  J.  F.  Metzger,  J.  Nic- 
laus, N.  Bushhoiz,  John  Weber,  St.  Riihl,  Ed.  G.  Col- 
lin, J.  Ehman. 

The  present  officers  are  :  Ch.  C,  L.  Schuler  ;  V.  Ch., 
J.  Henzf  Prelate,  V.  Xucnzor;  JI.  A.,  Charles  Rci- 

j  ner;  K.  R.  and  S.,  W.  G.  Duttenhofer ;  Treas.,  F. 
Thumm;  Exec,  Christ.  Ladenburger;  I.  G.,  F.  Stoll; 

!  O.G.,  J.Weber;  Trustees,  AVilliam  Harm,  F.  Aliend- 

I  schein,  William  Buchholz.     The  numlier  of  members 

I  is  seventy-three. 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


Gen.  Welsh  Post,  No.  118,  G.  A.  R.,  .it  Columbia, 
was  organized  and  inu^tc-ix'd  .Maa-li  21,  1SG8.  It  is 
named  in  honor  o(  lirig.-Gun.  Thomas  Welsh,  a  dis- 
tinguished soldier,  who  served  through  the  Jlexican 
war  and  in  the  war  of  the  liebellion.  His  military 
history  is  given  elsewhere.  He  was  severely  wounded 
at  Uuena  Vi^jta,  and  his  leg  was  saved  from  amputa- 
tion by  Dr.  Blanton,  after  whom  his  only  son,  Blan- 
ton,  was  subsequently  named.  The  latter  is  a  gradu- 
ate of  West  Point  Military  Academy,  and  a  lieutenant 
of  the  Fifteenth  United  States  Infantry.  Gen.  Welsh 
organized  the  Forty-fifth  Eegiujent  of  Pennsylvania 
Volunteers,  and  was  subsequently  promoted  to  briga- 
dier-general. His  lieutenant-colonel  was  James  A. 
Heaver,  afterwards  also  a  distinguished  brigadier- 
general. 

Gen.  Welsh  Post  is  one  of  the  strongest,  numeri- 
cally and  financially,  and  one  of  the  best  organized 
and  successfully  conducted  posts  in  the  interior  of  the 
State.  Its  muster-roll  contains  nearly  three  hundred 
names,  comprising  many  of  the  leading  citizens  of 
Columbia,  including  merchants,  members  of  the  dif- 
ferent professions,  skilled  mechanics,  ntinieroiis  em- 
ployes and  officers  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad 
Company,  and  farmers  from  the  suburban  districts. 
It  is  an  organization  which  very  fairly  rejiresents  the 
character,  patriotism,  and  intelligence  of  our  citizen 
soldiery,  commanding  the  respect  and  enjoying  the 
confidence  and  sympathy  of  the  community. 

The  post  controls  a  beautiful  plot  of  ground  in 
Mount  Bethel  Cemetery,  where  soldiers,  dying  with-, 
out  friends,  are  buried.  It  annually  observes  Memo- 
rial D.ay  with  solemn  and  appropriate  services.  The 
post  owns  a  valuable  sciopticon  and  dissolving  views, 
used  in  the  illustration  of  its  ritual ;  has  a  large  and 
well-organized  drum  corps,  and  is  now  negotiating 
for  a  more  convenient  and  suitable  post-room. 

The  Past  Commanders  are  Henry  Mullen,  the  pres- 
ent postmaster;  J.  F.  Cottrell,  JI.D. ;  J.  F.  Frueauf}', 
attorney-at-law  ;  W.  Hayes  Grier,  Esq.,  editor  of  The 
Columbia  Herald;  J.  W.  Yocum,  ICsq.,  editor  of  The 
Cohtinbia  Spy  ;  and  Edward  A.  Becker,  Esq. 

Putnam  Circle,  No.  113,  B.  U.  H.  F.,  w.as  organ- 
ized Feb.  10,  1875,  with  Peter  IngroflT,  P.  E.  M. ;  John 
Stickler,  E.  M. ;  Samuel  G.  Sheaffer,  C.  M. ;  Henry 
Apply,  C.  J. ;  James  G.  Richardson,  H.  R.  ;  William 
Maple,  H.  Treas. ;  George  Maple,  H.  S.  K. ;  Orthneel 
Geiger,  C.  F. ;  Jacob  Gohn,  U.  D. ;  Townsend  Stone, 
U.  N.  The  present  officers  are  Joseph  Shartzer, 
E.  JI. ;  Wayne  Leighteiser,  C.  M.  ;  Henry  Nultv, 
C.  J.;  A.  N.'Eshleman,  C.  F. ;  John  Jleimer,  H.  H.; 
E.  K.  Getz,  H.  S.  K. ;  A.  L.  Yountz,  H.  R. ;  John 
Temple,  H.  T.  i  Elias  Ulmer,  U.  I).;  George  O. 
Fisher,  U.  N.     The  niembcrshi[)  is  sixty-two. 

Eiverside  Home  Circle,  No.  27,  was  organized 
April  23,  1877,  with  the  following  officers:  Annie 
Lindsey,  P.  G. ;  A.  G.  Lindsey,  G.  ;'Mary  Anderson, 
P.  \\.  6.  T.;  Henry  Ap|dey,  Propliet;  Annie  Smith, 
Prophetess;   Jacob    R.  Golin,   Prir>l  ;   .Mary  .Scluilk, 


I  Priestess ;  E.  K.  Getz,  H.  S.  R. ;  Amanda  Kirk,  H.  R. ; 

I  John  M.  Eberley,  Treas. ;    Eliza  Goodman,  U.  D.  ; 

I  Sarah  Fisher,  U.  N.  The  present  officers  are  Carrie 
Swartz,  P.  G.;  Jane  Hippey,  G. ;  Sarah   Long,  P.; 

'  Lydia  Fonwalt,  Prophet;  J.  Hilliar,  Prophetess; 
Mary  Yountz,  Priest;  Mary  E.  Hoffman,  Priestess; 
E.  K.  Getz,  H.  S.  K.  ;   A,   L.  Yountz,  H.  P.;   L.  P. 

[  Metzger,II.T.;  Annie  Kcesev,  U.  1). ;  Mary  P.altzlev, 
U.  N. 

i  The  Opera-House.— The  erection  of  a  new  public 
hall  was  first  discussed  in  Council,  March  18,  1870, 
on  a  proposition  from  the  Masonic  Hall  Association 
to  purchase  or  lease  for  that  purpose  the  borough  lot 
at  the  corner  of  Third  and  Locust  Streets.  Three 
'days  after  a  special  meeting  of  Council  was  held  to 
consider  the  proposition,  when  it  was  agreed  to  obtain 
legislation  to  authorize  the  borough  to  borrow  forty 
thousand  dollars  to  build  a  hall,  if  approved  by  a  vote 

'  of  the  peo]ile.  The  election  for  that  purpose  was  held 
April  9,  1870,  when  four  hundred  and  ninety-three 
votes  were  polled  for,  and  fifty-five  against,  a  new  town 
hall.     Plans  for  the  hall  were  submitted  May  28tli,  a 

j  building  committee  appointed;  proposals  invited. 
They  were  found  to  be  so  high  that  they  were  referred 
back  to  the  committee  and  architect  for  revision,  and 
were  never  considered  again.  In  1871,  the  hall  pro- 
ject was  revived. 

In  1873,  at  an   adjourned  meeting  held  May  30th, 

j  it  was  resolved,  "  that  the  Borough  Council  jiroceed 
to  erect  an  additional  market-house  and  town  hall 
combined."  At  the  same  meeting  a  building  com- 
mittee was  appointed,  consisting  of  Messrs.  Bachman, 

I  Kauffman,  Detwiler,  Craig,  and  Steacy.     On  August 

j  ISth,  of  the  plans  submitteil,  that  of  E.  F.  Durang 

1  was  adopted.     Septendier  10th  ground  was  broken  by 

'  Chief  Burgess  Shenberger.     September  18th  the  work 

'  of  tearing  down  the  old  town  hall  was  commenced. 

,  The  foundation  walls  for  the  new  structure  were  com- 

I  pleted  during  the  autumn,  and  carefully  jirotected 

I  against  the  exposures  of  winter. 

Feb.  24,  1874,  the  contract  for  the  building,  exclu- 
sive of  clock,  bell,  stage,  and  auditorium  furniture, 
upholstering,  heating  apparatus,  gas  fixtures,  etc., 
was  awarded  to  Michael   Liphart,  being  the  lowest 

j  bidder,  at  fifty-four  thousand  three  hundred  dollars. 

1  The  building  committee  of  1873  was  continued,  Mr. 

1  Haldeman  having  succeeded  Jlr.  Detwiler,  whose 
term    had   expired.     In    1875,  the   terms  of  Messrs. 

'  Craig  and  Steacy  having  expired,  IMessrs.  McClure 
and  Wolfe  were  appointed  to  succeed  them.     E.  W. 

1  Goerke,  C.  E.,  was  employed  as  superintendent.  Mr. 
Liphart  died  Jan.  80, 1875,  and  his  contract  was  com- 
pleted by  his  sureties,  Messrs.  \.  P.rnner  and  E. 
Hershey.  Tli'e  bell  in  the  tower  was  us.d  lor  the  fir-t 
time  after  it  was  hung  in  tolling  his  sad  tiuieral  notes. 
The  Opera-House  cost  $85,824.15.  It  was  formally 
opened  by  the  Mendelssohn  Quintette  Club  of  Boston, 
on  Tuesday  evening,  Aug.  24,  1875,  in  the  presence 
of  over  seven  hundred  people.     15efore  the  concert  a 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER    COUNTY. 


short   dedicatory   address    was   delivered   by  H.  M. 
North,  Esq. 

Prominent  Families  and  Individuals.— Robert 
Barber  was  bora  in  England.  He  was  bound  to 
his  uncle,  Robert  Barber,  to  learn  the  "art  and 
■  mystery  of  cordwaining."  They  came  to  Chester  in 
the  latter  part  of  the  seventeenth  century.  In  the 
summer  or  fall  of  1708,  Robert  Barber  died,  leaving 
no  issue.  His  estate  was  large  for  that  time.  He  de- 
vised to  his  nephew,  the  subject  of  this,  sketch,  who 
was  then  living  with  him  and  had  not  attained  his 
majority,  its  largest  portion.  When  he  became  of 
age  he  decided  to  follow  a  seafaring  life.  He  was 
taken  by  the  French  and  thrown  into  prison  in  France, 
and  when  lie  was  released  he  returned  to  Chester.  He 
and  his  uncle  were  Quakers,  and  it  is  probable  that 
the  experience  he  had  while  in  a  French  prison,  and 
a  prospect  of  being  recaptured  by  French  privateers 
if  he  continued  to  follow  a  maritime  life,  diverted 
his  mind  from  what  seemed  to  be  a  vocation  of  much 
peril  to  a  more  peaceful  one,  and  he  concluded  to 
settle  in  Chester.  He  had  an  active  mind,  which  was 
well  developed,  a  body  healthy  and  vigorous,  capable 
of  enduring  hardsiiips. 

He  married  Hannah  Tidmarsh,  of  Philadelphia,  a 
member  of  the  Society  of  Friends,  and  a  person  en- 
dowed with  great  energy  and  a  mind  of  more  than 
ordinary  character.  In  the  year  1719  he  was  a  candi- 
date for  sheriff  of  Cheater  County,  but  was  beaten  by 
Nicholas  Fairlamb.  In  the  fall  of  1721  he  ran  for 
coroner  in  the  same  county,  and  was  elected.  In  the 
year  1724  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Hoard  of 
County  Assessors. 

When  this  county  was  organized  he  was  appointed 
sheriff',  and  at  the  general  election  in  October,  1729, 
he  was  chosen  to  the  same  office  by  the  people. 

He  was  ambitious  to  secure  the  location  of  the 
county-seat  upon  his  farm,  and  at  his  own  expense  he 
erected  a  temporary  log  jail  in  front  of  his  dwelling, 
which  stood  where  is  now  the  garden  of  Jacob  S. 
iStoner,  the  present  owner  of  the  premises.  This  jail 
is  known  in  history  as  the  place  where  Sir  James 
Annesly  was  confined.  Until  the  county-seat  was 
jiermanently  located  where  it  now  is,  Mr.  Barber  did 
not  give  up  all  hope  of  getting  it  upon  his  land.  It 
caused  him  some  anxiety,  and  when  lie  bbcame  as- 
sured that  he  could  not  succeed  he  was  greatly  disap- 
pointed. 

In  the  fall  of  1730  he  declined  to  be  a  candidate 
for  sheriff,  and  he  returned  to  his  farm  and  private 
life.  He  built  a  saw-mill  in  the  meadow  soutli  of  his 
dwelling,  to  which  he  gave  attention.  There  were 
but  a  few  acres  under  cultivation,  which  was  barely 
sutlicient  to  provide  grain  enough  to  support  his  fam- 
ily and  feed  liis  stock.  He  had  a  very  large  family, 
and  it  required  his  best  energies  to  provide  for  them. 
He  was  elected  county  commiasioner  for  the  years 
1740-41.  He  took  an  active  part  in  bi. 
Penns  during  "  Cresap'a  war." 


the 


Robert  Barber  died  in  the  year  1749,  aged  about 
fifty -seven  years.  He  left  a  widow,  Hannah,  and  ten 
children,  namely:  John,  was  "read  out"  of  the  So- 
ciety of  Friends  in  1755  for  "  marrying  out."  He  was 
killed  -by  the  Indians  at  the  Ohio  while  trading. 
Robert,  who  married,  Sept.  26,  1746,  Sarah,  daughter 
of  Samuel  Taylor;  Thomas,  who  died  in  his  minority; 
Nathaniel,  who  settled  where  his  father  built  his  man- 
sion, and  retained  a  portion  of  the  land.  He  died  in 
the  spring  of  1804,  leaving  five  children.  Elizabeth, 
who  died  in  her  minority;  James,  married;  Samuel; 
Eleanor,  who  married  John  Wright,  Jr. ;  Mary,  and 
Sarah. 

The  second  generation  of  Barbers  gradually  left  the 
Society  of  Friends,  and  we  find  that  there  were  several 
members  of  the  third  generation  who  entered  the 
Revolutionary  army  and  served  their  country  faith- 
fully. 

Samuel  Blunston  was  the  son  of  John  Blunston  and 
Sarah,  who  came  from  Hallam,  in  the  county  of  Derby, 
England,  in  1682.  He  was  a  minister  of  the  Society  of 
Friends,  a  warm  personal  friend  of  William  Penn,  anci 
a  member  of  his  Council.  He  was  also  a  member  of 
Assembly.  He  died  in  1723,  and  his  wife,  Sarah,  died 
Oct.  4,  1692.  Their  children  were  John  (1685-1716), 
Samuel,  Joseph  (1691-92),  and  Hannah,  who  mar- 
ried Thomas  Pearson,  of  Kingsessing. 

Samuel  Blunston  was  born  Sept.  2,  1689,  at  Darby, 
Chester   Co.,  Pa.     He  married,  June  4,  1718,  Sarah 

Bilton,  the  widow  of Bilton,  who  kept  a  ferry 

over  the  Schuylkill.  He  studied  land-surveying.  He 
had  considerable  means  of  his  own  when  he  married 
which  was  largely  increased  by  his  wife's  fortune. 
She  had  no  children  by  her  first  husband,  nor  did 
she  bring  any  to  her  second  one.  They  came  to  the 
Susquehanna  in  the  fall  of  1726.  She  lived  but  i 
few  years  after  coining  here.  He  was  appointed  hy 
Peter  Evans,  the  register-general  of  wills,  deputy  reg- 
ister of  the  county,  on  the  2d  day  of  August,  1729, 
When  the  county  was  organized  he  was  appointed  ona 
of  the  justices,  although  he  was  in  commission  as  a  jui' 
tice  from  Chester  County  previous  to  thii,t  time.  He 
was  not  recognized  as  a  strict  member  of  the  Society 
of  Friends  after  he  came  to  the  Susquehanna,  and  hii 
name  does  not  appear  upon  the  minutes  of  th( 
Quarterly  or  Monthly  Meeting  records.  He  wi 
generous  liver,  and  entertained  a  great  deal  of  com 
pany.  Thomas  Penn  was  at  his  house  in  1736,  am 
Logan  and  other  prominent  officials  were  there  fr» 
(juently.  He  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Genen 
Assembly  in  1732,  1741, 1742,  and  1744.  He  and  h: 
life-long  friend,  John  Wright,  stood  up  maMfiill] 
whi?n  in  the  Legislature  and  o|)posed  Governc 
Thomas  in  his  arbitrary  measures. 

When  the  court-hou.se  and  jail  were  built,  he  ws 
frequently  consulted  about  their  erection,  and  h 
seems  to  have  had  a  general  supervision  of  the  worl 
In  1732,  when  troubles  commenced  between  the  Mar; 
landers  and  Pennsylvanians,  in  Conagohela  Vallej 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


583 


four  miles  ^)elo\v  Wrightsville,  to  the  day  the  former 
struck  their  flag  and  left  tlie  soil  of  Pennsylvania 
forever,  he  was  untiring  in  his  eftorts  to  bring  the 
freebooters  to  justice.  He  employed  Benjamin  Cham- 
bers (the  founder  of  Chambersburg)  to  go  to  the  en- 
emy's cam])  in  Maryland  and  discover  their  designs. 
Although  captured,  he  escaped  and  reported  to  Mr. 
Blunston  the  true  state  of  affairs.  He  was  sent  to 
Donegal,  where  the  Scotch-Irish  had  a  house-raising. 
They  stopped  their  work  and  gathered  up  what  fire- 
arms they  had,  and  hastened  to  the  west  side  of 
Wright's  Ferry,  and  just  arrived  in  time  to  give  the 
Marylanders  a  warm  reception.  For  the  time  being 
a  conflict  was  prevented. 

After  all  of  the  German  settlers  in  the  valley  had 
either  joined  the  enemy  or  fled  to  the  east  side  of  the 
river,  a  large  force  was  collected  and  placed  in  the 
Fej-ry-House  on  the  west  side  of  the  river  for  defense. 
Mr.  Blunston  at  his  own  expense  kept  a  large  num- 
ber of  men  there.  Governor  Ogle,  of  Maryland,  of- 
fered a  reward  of  one  hundred  ])ounds  fur  his  head, 
and  they  actually  arranged  a  plan  to  capture  him 
wheu  returning  from  the  funeral  of  the  wife  of  the 
Rev.  James  Anderson,  at  Donegal,  in  1736.  He  be- 
came aware  of  their  plans,  and  avoided  the  trap  they 
had  laid  for  him.  About  this  time  he  became  very 
much  discouraged  in  consequence  of  the  dilatory 
actions  of  t!ie  Governor  and  his  Council.  He  saw  the 
danger  to  the  interests  of  the  proprietors  by  delay, 
and  knew  the  necessity  for  prompt  action.  He  sent 
frequent  messengers  to  the  Governor,  with  letters 
couched  in  caustic  and  bitter  terms,  that  must  have 
had  a  salutary  effect  upon  the  mind  of  the  Governor 
and  his  friends.  On  the  3d  day  of  April,  1730,  he 
WHS  appointed  deputy  surveyor  for  the  townships  of 
"  Derry,  Hempfield,  Dunnegal,  and  Lebanon."  At  the 
same  time  he,  in  behalf  of  the  inhabitants  of  these 
townships,  presented  a  scheme  for  api)easing  the 
"tumults  and  animosities  among  them,"  which  was 
adopted,  and  it  put  an  end  to  the  troubles  about 
the  titles  to  their  land.  He  had  a  large  field  to 
cover,  and  the  duties  which  called  him  there  were 
very  exacting.  But  for  the  assistance  of  that  re- 
markable person,  Susannah  Wright,  who  copied  and 
assisted  him  in  his  writing,  he  could  not  have  ac- 
complished successfully  the  work  he  did.  His  health 
became  greatly  impaired,  and  in  the  summer  of  1746 
he  was  compelled  to  give  up  all  out-door  work.  He 
died  in  September,  1746.  He  left  no  issue,  and  he 
gave  his  valued  friend,  Susannah  Wright,  a  life  estate 
in  all  his  large  property,  wdiich  consisted  of  nearly 
nine  hundred  acres  of  land.  He  made  several  bequests, 
among  which  was  one  to  the  poor  of  the  county. 
Ho  owned  a  number  of  slaves,  and  gave  them  their 
freedom  at'ter  a  term  of  a  few  years. 

John  Wright  was  born  in  Lancashire,  England, 
about  the  year  1667.  He  came  to  Chester  in  tlie  year 
1714.  He  was  a  public  speaker  among  tlie  Quakers, 
and  he  came  recommended  from  that  society  in  Eng- 


land. He  was  not  long  in  Chester  before  he  was 
elected  to  the  General  Assembly,  and  was  also  ap- 
pointed a  justice  of  the  peace.  Before  he  came  to 
the  Susquehanna  he  had  been  at  Conestoga,  where 
he  preached  to  the  Indians.  He  may  have  gone  up 
as  far  as  Shawanese  Run,  where  that  tribe  had  a 
village,  and  thus  became  acquainted  with  the  locality 
where  he  subsequently  settled.  Robert  Barber  went 
in  advance,  and  the  first  survey  was  made  in  his 
I  name,  and  he  conveyed  to  John  W^right  in  August, 

1726,  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres. 
I  He  built  his  dwelling  upon  a  level  spot  of  ground 
I  fronting  the  river.  This  dwelling  was  torn  down  in 
I  1874  to  give  place  to  a  more  stately  brick  mansion  of 
modern  times.  The  logs  used  in  its  construction  were 
hickory,  white  and  Spanish  oak,  and  a  number  of 
1  black  walnut.  The  dwelling,  as  first  constructed, 
!  seems  to  have  contained  but  one  room  upon  the  first 
1  story  and  one  upon  the  second. 

In  the  year  1729,  Jcdin  Wright  was  elected  to  a 

I  seat  in  the  General  Assembly,  and  re-elected  in  the 

1  years  1730  and  1731   without  opposition.      He   was 

I  again  a  candidate  in  1732.    Accidentally  or  otherwise 

John  Wright's  name  was  omitted  from  some  of  the 

I  ballots  and  another  name  inserted  in  its  stead,  which 

1  caused  his  defeat  by  half  a  dozen  votes.     He  carried 

j  the  contest  to  the  General   Assembly,  but  was  again 

beaten.     George  Stewart,  who  resided  in   Donegal, 

was  elected  to  the  General  Assembly  in  the  same 

year,  but  he  died  before' taking  his  seat,  and  John 

Wright  was  elected   without  opposition    to   fill   the 

vacancy.     Jle  was  re-elected  for  seventeen  successive 

terms  thereafter,  and  on  Oct.  lo,  1745,  he  was  elected 

Speaker  of  the  General  Assembly. 

George  Thomas  was  appointed  Governor  in  1738. 
Almost  from  the  commencement  of  his  administra- 
tion   he   undertook   to  carry  measures  through   the 
General  Assembly  of  an  arbitrary  character  which 
were  in  direct  opposition  to  the  policy  of  that  body. 
Among  the  number  of  those  who  led  the  opposition 
was  John  Wright,  whose  integrity  stood  the  test  of 
all  the  cajolery  or  threats  the  Governor  and  his  friends 
could  bring  to  bear.     The  replies  of  the  Assembly 
through  their  Speaker,  who  presented  addresses  to 
the  Governor  in  answer  to  his  niessages  to  that  body, 
displayed  great  ability.     Governor  Thomas  became 
so  enraged  at  Wright  and  others  for  their  opposition 
that  he  determined  to  punish  them  for  their  temerity. 
He  announced  that  he  would  issue  new  commissions 
of  the  peace  in  place  of  those  held  by  Wright  and 
other  recusant  members  of  the  Assembly.     This  was 
intended  as  a  threat  to  coerce  them  into  his  measures. 
In  the  year  1733-34  he  was  appointed  a  loan  com- 
missioner, one  of   the  most    important    positions   of 
!  trust  in  the  jirovince.     During  the  jjeriod  of  Cresap's 
I  war,  which  lasted  three  years,  the  farm  which  he  had 
bought  upon   the  western  side  of   the  river  was  fre- 
'  (|ueiitly   run   over  liy  bands  of  hostile   Marylanders. 
I   His    tenants   and    laburiu''    men   were   often   driven 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER    COUNTY. 


There ' 
.eemed  , 
;ed  up 

V  one. 
"ju.lg. 
and  it 

atten- 
y  read 
e  view 

kness.  ■ 

eisure 
umber 

iOgnn, 
in  tlie 

calcu- 


ted  to 

eggs, 


-)  pre- 
ill  re- 
ames. 
;canie 
rlture 
ui  he 
.■ailed 
gland 
f  this 


and 
m. 
She 


liased 
gthe 


:er  of 

He, 

f  the 


lunty 

'IS  uf 


584 


HISTORY   OP  LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


away.  In  the  month  of  July,  1735,  when  he  was 
having  a  field  of  wheat  reaped,  Thomas  Cresap,  with 
about  twenty  persons,  armed  with  guns,  swords, 
pistols,  and  blunderbusses,  marched  into  the  field 
with  drum  beating.  This  military  display  was  not 
very  iniijosing,  but  it  was  calculated  to  terrify  and 
drive  away  from  his  land  a  farmer  who  was  opposed 
to  the  use  of  personal  force  to  resist  it.  Wright 
walked  to  the  valiant  warrior,  Cresap,  and  demanded 
to  know  what  he  meant  by  appearing  in  so  hostile  a 
manner  to  the  terror  of  His  Majesty's  peaceable  sub- 
jects employed  about  the  lawful  and  necessary  busi- 
ness of  husbandry.  Cresap  replied  that  lie  came  to 
fight  several  persons  who  came  over  the  river,  if 
they  would  accept  his  challenge.  He  drew  his  sword 
and  cocked  his  pistol,  and  presented  them  at  the 
person  of  Mr.  Wright,  who  very  coolly  commanded 
Cresap  and  his  company  to  keep  His  Majesty's  peace, 
and  that  he  would  proceed  on  his  lawful 
Cresap  brought  a  number  of  wagons  wi 
carry  oft"  Wright's  grain.  He  changed  his  mind  when 
he  discovered  that  he  could  not  intimidate  him,  and 
he  and  his  men  retreated,  leaving  the  wagons  in  the 
field  in  charge  of  the  owners,  who  could  not  resist 
the  persuasive  powers  of  Mr.  Wright.  They  assisted 
to  put  the  grain  upon  their  own  wagons,  and  hauled  it 
to  the  ferry,  where  it  was  placed  in  boats  and  taken 
to  the  eastern  side  of  the  river. 

Governor  Ogle,  of  Maryland,  afterwards  offered 
one  hundred  pounds  rewaAl  for  Mr.  Wright's  head. 
He  held  many  conferences  with  different  Indian 
tribes,  and  sometimes  made  long  journeys  on  horse- 
back to  meet  them.  He  was  afflicted  with  rheuma- 
tism, which  often  confined  him  to  his  bed.  He  mar- 
ried Susannah  Crewason.  They  had  five  children,^ 
Susannah,  Patience,  John,  Elizabeth,  and  James. 

Susannah  was  born  in  England.  When  her  parents 
removed  to  America  she  was  at  school,  where  she  re- 
mained and  finished  her  education,  and  followed  her 
parents  a  few  years  after  they  left  England.  Although 
she  was  a  member  of  the  Society  of  Friends,  promi- 
nent persons  of  birth,  education,  and  culture  sought 
her  society.  She  was  brilliant  in  conversation  and 
endowed  with  an  extraordinary  mind.  She  could 
not  have  been  a  strict  follower  of  George  Fox  in  all 
things,  or  she  would  have  devoted  herself .toitjie  min- 
istry. After  the  death  of  her  mother,  which  took 
place  shortly  after  her  arrival  at  Chester,  she  became 
the  ruling  spirit  in  her  father's  family. 

Many  of  the  leading  men  of  the  province  sought 
her  company,  whom  she  entertained  and  edified  with 
her  conversation.  Of  this  number  there  was  but  one 
young  Quaker  who  made  an  impression  upon  her 
hciirt,  and  that  person  was  Samuel  Blunston,  who 
married  another.  After  the  decease  of  the  latter 
their  old  friendship  and  love  for  each  other  was  re- 
newed and  they  became  inseparable  friends.  They 
did  not  marry,  probably  for  the  reason  that  she  liad 
entire  charge  of  her  father's  affairs  and  her  younger 


brother,  to  whom  she  was  much  attached.  There 
were  but  a  few  families  settled  here,  but  all  seemed 
to  belong  to  one  family,  and  all  of  them  looked  up 
to  Iter  as  the  ruling  spirit  in  the  neighborhood. 

In  business  affairs  she  was  consulted  by  every  one. 
She  could  draw  up  any  legal  paper,  and  her  judg- 
ment upon  ordinary  legal  matters  was  sound,  and  it 
was  safe  to  follow  her  advice.  She  gave  her  atten- 
tion also  to  the  study  of  medicine,  and  probably  read 
the  few  medical  books  she  could  find,  with  the  view 
of  being  better  equipped  to  fight  against  sickness. 
She  had  some  taste  for  painting,  and  in  her  leisure 
moments  from  other  pursuits  she  painted  a  number 
of  landscape  scenes.  She  corresponded  with  liOgan, 
Benjamin  Franklin,  and  other  leading  men  in  the 
province  and  in  England  upon  matters  best  calcu- 
lated to  elevate  the  race. 

She  was  one  of  the  first  persons  in  America. to 
1  business,  r  demonstrate  the  fact  that  the  climate  was  adapted  to 
th  him  to  the  culture  of  silk.  She  procured  silk-worm  eggs, 
from  which  she  raised  a  large  number  of  the  worms. 
She  sent  the  raw  silk  to  Europe  and  had  it  woven  into 
manilla.  One  piece  alone  measured  sixty  yards,  a 
portion  of  which  she  gave  to  the  queen,  who  pre-' 
senled  her  with  a  silver  tankard,  which  is  still  re- 
tained among  the  descendants  of  her  brother  James. 
Benjamin  Franklin,  who  was  then  in  France,  became 
greatly  interested  in  this  experiment  of  silk  culture 
in  his  adopted  province  of  Pennsylvania,  and  he 
wrote  to  Miss  Wright  upon  the  subject,  and  called 
the  attention  of  a  number  of  leading  men  in  England 
to  the  matter.  There  are  a  few  specimens  of  this 
silk  now  in  the  rooms  of  the  Historical  Society. 

Samuel  Blunston  gave  her  a  life  estate  in  his  prop- 
erty, and  after  his  death  she  and  her  father  and 
brother,  James,  removed  to  the  Blunston  mansion. 

Patience  Wright  was  also  born  in  England.  She 
married  Richard  Loudon  on  the  5th  of  June,  ITliS, 
at  the  dwelling  of  Samuel  Blunston.  He  purchased 
a  farm  in  Strasburg  township  in  1727,  adjoining  the 
lands  of  Samuel  Taylor.  When  the  county  was  or- 
ganized and  the  permanent  county-seat  located  where 
it  now  is  he  was  appointed  keeper  of  the  prison.  Mr. 
Loudon  purchased  a  farm  in  Manlieim  township  and 
a  small  tract  near  GratT's  landing. 

Col.  John  Loudon,  son  of  Richard  and  Patience 
(Wright),  became  a  distinguished  oflicer  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary war,  and  was  in  a  number  of  battles.  At 
the  close  of  the  war  he  located  in  Buffalo  Valley,  on 
the  West  Branch  of  the  Susquehanna  River. 

John  Wright  married  Eleanor  Barber,  daughter  of 
Robert  Barber,  the  first  sheriff  of  the  county.  He  I 
settled  upon  his  father's  land  on  the  west  side  of  the 
river," and  built  the  ferVy-liouso  thorp.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  General  Assembly  from  York  County 
for  a  number  of  years,  and  held  other  positions  of 
trust  in  that  county. 

Elizabeth  Wright  married  Samuel  Taylor  on  the 
8th  day  of  May,  1728,  at  the  house  of  Samuel  Blun- 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


585 


I 


8ton,  Esq.  Samuel  Taylor  was  the  son  of  Christopher 
Tayh)r.  He  came  from  "  Tinicum"  to  this  county 
in  the  year  172S,  and  purchased  land  in  Strasburg 
township  near  the  Bart  township  line,  where  he 
erected  a  grist-  and  saw-mill  upon  a  branch  of  Beaver 
Creek. 

James  Wright  was  born  in  Chester  in  the  year  1714 
or  1715,  and  was  the  only  one  of  John  Wright's  chil- 
dren born  in  America.  About  the  year  1738,  he,  in 
connection  with  Samuel  Blunston,  erected  a  corn-  and 
grist-mill  near  the  mouth  of  Shawanese  Run.  He 
married  out  of  the  Society  of  Friends.  About  the 
same  time  he  erected  the  stone  mansion  now  along 
Second  Street,  between  Locust  and  Cherry  Streets, 
known  thereafter  as  "  Wright's  Ferry  Mansion,"  and 
was  on  land  attached  to  the  ferry-house.  He  at  once 
took  a  front  rank  among  the  leading  men  of  the 
county.  He  was  elected  a  member  of  the  General 
Assembly  in  1745,  and  continued  to  serve  in  that  body 
until  the  year  1771.  He  and  his  father  and  brother, 
John,  were  members  of  tliat  body  at  one  and  the  same 
lime.  It  was  an  unusual  circumstance  for  three  mem- 
bers of  the  same  family  to  serve  so  many  years  to- 
gether in  a  legislative  body.  Through  all  the  turmoil, 
excitement,  and  bitterness  which  grew  out  of  the 
French  and  Indian  war  of  1755-60,  and  Pontiac's 
war  of  1763,  which  was  followed  by  the  destruction 
of  the  Conestoga  Indians,  but  few  Quakers  could  face 
the  storm  which  followed  them  into  the  General  As- 
sembly and  drove  a  number  of  them  out.  James 
Wright  rode  safely  through  it  all,  and  this  fact  alone 
speaks  in  favor  of  his  prudence,  judgment,  and  in- 
tegrity. He  served  on  many  important  committees, 
and  was  intrusted  with  matters  which  required  sound 
judgment  and  tact  to  prevent  Indian  outbreaks. 

During  the  campaign  of  Gen.  Forbes  against  the 
French  and  Indians,  in  1758,  several  battalions  of 
troops  raised  in  the  eastern  part  of  this  province  and 
elsewhere,  numbering  twelve  hundred,  marched  as 
far  as  Lancaster,  but  refused  to  go  any  farther  unless 
they  received  more  rations.  James  Wright  came 
forward  and  agreed  to  provide  for  the  troops  until 
they  arrived  at  Harris'  Ferry,  about  two  days' 
march  farther  west.  Tliey  then  moved  promptly. 
In  this  connection  it  is  well  to  mention  that  these 
pioneer  Quakers  who  settled  at  the  Susquehanna 
were  a  law  unto  themselves,  and  for  many  years 
refused  to  have  anything  to  do  with  the  Yearly  or 
Quarterly  Meetings  of  Friends  elsewhere.  James 
Wright  was  married  (2d),  July  2,  1753,  to  Rhoda 
Patterson.  Their  children  were  Samuel,  Elizabeth 
(who  married  Col.  Thomas  Boude),  John,  Thomas, 
Susnnniih,  James,  William,  and  Patience  (who  mar- 
ried Dr.  Vincent  King). 

Muj.  Tliomas  Boude  was  the  son  of  Dr.  Samuel 
Boude,  of  Lancaster,  who  married  Mary,  the  daughter 
of  Samuel  Bethel,  menlioned-elsewhere.  lie  and  liis 
family  were  E[)isc(Tpaliaiis.  Bel'orc  he  attained  liis 
majority  he  showed   a   fondness  for  military  matters, 


and  when  the  conflict  between  Great  Britain  and  the 
colonies  came,  he  and  his  brothers  were  ainong  the 
first  to  enter  the  Continental  service  and  march 
to  tlje  from.  He  entered  the  army  as  a  lieutenant 
under  command  of  Gen.  Anthony  Wayne.  He  was 
in  the  brTUiant  action  at  the  taking  of  Stony  Point, 
on  the  Hudson,  and  was  in  command  of  one  of  the 
volunteer  squads  of  twenty  called  the  "forlorn  hope," 
and  would  have  been  the  first  person  to  enter  the 
sally  port-holes  but  for  the  fact  that  a  much  larger 
and  more  powerful  person  at  his  side  pulled  him  back 
and  forced  himself  in  front.  After  the  capture  of  the 
fort,  Lieut.  Boude  found  in  an  officer's  room  a  watch, 
which  is  now  in  possession  of  his  descendants.  For 
gallant  conduct  u|)on  this  occasion  he  was  promoted 
to  a  captaincy,  and  afterwards  to  major.  He  com- 
manded a  body  of  Light  Troops  at  Gen.  Washington's 
headquarters,  and  was  also  a  member  of  his  staff. 
He  was  in  a  number  of  battles,  and  acquitted  himself 
with  honor.  He  was  one  of  the  original  members  of 
the  Society  of  the  Cincinnati,  iind  was  appointed 
general  of  militia  by  Governor  Thomas  Mifflin.  He 
married  Elizabeth  Wright,  daughter  of  James 
Wright.  They  had  one  child,  Elizabeth,  who  never 
married.  He  was  married  the  second  time  to  Emily, 
daughter  of  Col.  Samuel  John  Atlee,  a  distinguished 
officer  of  the  Revolutionary  war,  by  wliom  he  had 
four  children, — Mary,  Sarah,  Samuel,  and  Washing- 
ton. 

Col.  Thoitias  Boude,  at  the  close  of  the  Revolution, 
removed  to  Heinpfield  township,  and  lived  upon  the 
farm  belonging  to  his  first  wife,  and  now  owned  by 
B.  Musser.  When  his  brother-in-law,  Samuel  Wright, 
laid  out  the  town  of  Columbia,  he  purchased  a  num- 
ber of  lots,  among  which  were  several  fronting  the 
river  above  Walnut  Street.  He  erected  the  brick 
mansion  now  owned  by  Michael  S.  Shumau.  He 
embarked  in  the  lumber  business,  and  was  one  of 
the  first  persons  who  bought  lumber  and  piled  it 
along  the  shore  to  resell.  He  was  a  Federalist,  and 
took  a  prominent  part  in  building  up  that  party. 
He  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  for 
the  years  1794,  1795,  and  1796.  He  also  represented 
the  county  in  Congress  from  1801  to  1803.  He  was 
again  a  candidate  for  Congress  on  the  Federal  ticket, 
but  was  defeated  by  John  Whitehill.  The  Federal 
party  was  losing  ground  rapidly,  and  when  the  par- 
ties were  nearly  equal  in  numbers  the  political  cam- 
paigns were  carried  on  with  great  bitterness.  William 
Hamilton  published  the  Federal  newspaper,  and 
William  and  Robert  Dixon  published  the  Jeifersfm 
paper  which  opposed  the  Federalists.  After  the  de- 
feat of  Major  Boude,  in  1804,  Hamilton  charged  the 
opposition  with  cheating  at  the  election-poll  held  in 
Elizabethtown,  where  a  number  of  Irish  laboicrs, 
who  were  working  on  the  new  turnpike  at  that  place, 
were  induced  to  vote  more  than  once,  when  they  had 
no  legal  right  to  vote  at  all.  In  reply  to  this  charge 
the  Dixons  charged  Maj.  Boude  with  voting  livicc  in 


I  M 


586 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER    COUNTY. 


Lancaster  borough,    to   which    place    the   voters   in 
Columbia  and  Hempfield  had  to  go  to  vote. 

Maj.  Boude  had  the  Dixons  arrested  for  libel. 
They  gave  bail,  and  before  the  case  was  tried  the  pro- 
ceedings were  removed  from  the  County  Court  by 
certiorari  to  the  Circuit  Court.  This  was  probably 
the  last  of  the  ca.se. 

Maj.  Boude  became  totally  blind  some  years  before 
his  decease,  which  took  place  Oct.  24,  1822,  in  the 
seventieth  year  of  his  age. 

Samuel,  son  of  S.  Bethel,  son  of  Samuel  and  Susan 
(Taylor)  Bethel,  married  Sarah  Hand,  a  daughter  of 
Gen.  Edward  Hand,  of  Lancaster.  He  was  educated 
in  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  with  the  expectation  that 
he  would  enter  the  medical  profession.  But  he  pre- 
ferred that  of  the  law.  He  studied  law  in  Pliiladel- 
phia,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  at  the  bar  in  that 
place.  In  the  year  1795  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  Lanca.ster  on  certificate.  He  did  not  remain  there, 
but  came  to  Columbia  and  settled  upon  his  estate, 
which  was  very  large,  and  required  his  whole  at- 
tention. (This  estate  was  inherited  by  his  grand- 
mother, Sarah  Bethel,  and  Hannah  Pearson,  from 
their  brother,  Samuel  Blunston.  Mrs.  Pearson  sold 
]ier  interest  to  the  Bethels,  who  became  the  sole  own- 
ers of  nearly  nine  hundred  acres.)  He  was  elected 
to  a  seat  in  the  State  Legislature  for  the  years  1808 
and  1809.  He  was  fond  of  literature,  and  had  a  large 
and  select  library.  He  was  considered  one  of  the  best 
mathematicians  in  the  State.  He  was  one  of  the  fore- 
most and  most  liberal  patrons  of  the  schools  and  li- 
braries in  Columbia,  of  which  mention  is  made  else- 
where. He  built  an  addition  to  the  Blunston  mansion, 
now  owned  by  his  nephew,  Samuel  Bethel  Heise,  at 
the  northern  terminus  of  Second  Street.  Here  he 
resided  and  here  he  died  in  the  year  1819. 

William  P.  Beatty  was  born  at  Neshaminy,  Bucks 
Co.,  JIarch  31,  1766.  His  parents  were  Rev.  Charles 
Beatty  (of  Log  College  memory)  and  Ann  Reading, 
daughter  of  Governor  Reading,  of  New  Jersey. 
Both  of  his  parents  died  before  he  was  six  years  of 
age.  He  was  apprenticed  to  the  tailoring  business. 
While  thus  engaged  he  devoted  his  leisure  moments 
to  the  study  of  books,  and  when  he  attained  his  ma- 
jority he  wrote  an  elegant  hand  and  displayed  an 
aptitude  for  figures.  ii  , 

These  qualifications  prompted  him  to  go  to  Phila- 
delphia, and  obtain  a  clerkship,  with  the  expectation 
of  making  himself  familiar  with  mercantile  pursuits, 
whicli  these  attainments  seemed  to  indicate  that  he 
was  best  qualified  for. 

In  1793  we  find  him  engaged  in  the  office  of  Mr. 
Nicliolson,.  the  Comptroller  of  the  State. 

In  1798  he  removed  to  Columbia,  and  opened  a 
store  on  Front,  between  Locust  and  Walnut  Streets, 
in  connection  with  Richard  S.  Leech.  He  married 
in  1799.  In  1802  he  was  appomted  postmaster  under 
Jolin  Adams'  administration,  and  retained  this  posi- 
tion until  1807.     In  1808  he  was  appointed  a  justice  of 


the  peace  by  Governor  Thomas  McKean.  In  1810  he 
was  appointed  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  "  Susque- 
hanna Lottery  Improvement  Company,"  and  in  the  fol- 
lowinS;  year  treasurer  of  the  "  Susquehanna  and  York 
Turnjiike  Road  Company,"  and  two  or  three  years  sub- 
sequent to  this  time  he  was  appointed  treasurer  of  the 
'•  Columbia  Bridge  Company."  In  the  year  1813  this 
company  was  given  power  by  an  act  of  Assembly  to  do 
a  banking  business,  and  he  was  chosen  their  cashier, 
a  position  he  retained  until  the  year  1821.  He  held 
the  position  of  chief  burgess  and  also  treasurer  of  the 
water  company  for  several  years.  In  the  year  1825 
he  was  reappointed  postmaster  by  John  Quincy 
Adams,  President  of  the  United  States,  a  position  he 
retained  until  the  year  1837.  He  was  a  ruling  elder 
of  the  Presbyterian  Church  for  many  years.  There 
were  many  minor  offices  of  trust  which  he  held,  not 
mentioned  in  the  above  list.  In  personal  appear- 
ance he  was  tall,  stately,  and  dignified  in  his  carriage, 
and  always  wore  a  queue. 

He  removed  to  Harrisburg  in  the  year  1843,  and 
died  at  Philadelphia  at  his  son's  (Dr.  George)  home, 
July  28,  1848,  in  his  eighty-thirdyear.  He  left  sur- 
viving him, — 

Dr.  George,  who  is  now  living  in  Philadelphia. 
William  P.,  who  died  at  Harrisburg  in  1S6U. 
John  R.,  who  died  at  Harrisburg  in  18G6. 
Ann  Eliza,  who  married  Thomas  H.  Pearce,  who 
was  an   officer  in   the   Mexican   war  of  1846.      He 
resided    for   some   years    in    Columbia,   and    held   a 
clerkship  in  the  collector's  otfice  at  the  canal  basin. 
He  died  at  Steubenville,  Ohio,  wliere  his  widow  is 
living. 

Ercurius,  who  learned  the  printing  business  in  the 
Spy  office  while  John  L.  Boswell  published  the 
paper.  On  the  21st  day  of  April,  1861,  he  enlisted 
in  Capt.  Robert  M.  Henderson's  company,  which  was 
connected  with  the  Seventh  Pennsylvania  Reserves, 
and  was  made  lieutenant.  He  was  on  Gen.  McCall's 
staff  at  Tennallytown  and  Camp  Pierpont,  Virginia; 
was  wounded  at  Charles  City  Cross- Roads  June  30, 
1862,  and  was  promoted  to  first  lieutenant  and  cap- 
tain Sept.  17,  1862,  aud  to  brevet  major  and  brevet 
lieutenant-colonel. 

Michael  Whisler  was  born  near  the  Trappe,  in 
Montgomery  County,  Pa.,  in  the  year  1756.  In  the 
month  of  May,  1776,  he  enlisted  for  twenty  months 
in  Capt.  Henry  Christ's  rifle  company,  in  Col.  Samuel 
Miles'  rifle  regiment.  He  was  in  the  battles  of  Flat- 
bush,  on  Long  Island,  where  but  one-fifth  of  Col. 
Miles'  command  escaped ;  at  White  Plains,  at  Trenton, 
Princeton,  Brandy  wine,  and  Germantown,  and  dis- 
charged at  Valley  Forge  on  the  1st  day  of  January, 
1778.     He  was  twice  wounded  in  thc-o  battles. 

He  enlisted  and  marched  to  the  western  part  of  the 
State  with  the  army  raised  to  quell  the  Whiskey  In- 
surrection. When  the  troops  lay  at  Wright's  Ferry 
waiting  to  be  taken  over  the  river,  he  was  impressed 
with  the  beautiful  scenery  all  around  and  the  location 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


587 


I 


i 


■^  f 

* 


of  the  town,  and  he  concluded  as  soon  as  he  returned 
from  the  army  to  bring  his  family  to  the  place  and 
locate. 

■  One  of  the  most  pressing  wants  iu  the  place 
was  a  person  who  understood  the  manufacture  of 
bricks.  He  brought  his  family  to  Columbia  in  the 
same  year  and  purchased  a  lot  from  Sanvuel  Wright, 
upon  which  he  erected  a  dwelling.  By  trade  he  was 
a  shoemaker,  but  he  also  knew  how  to  manutacture 
bricks.  He  leased  a  meadow  along  the  northern 
boundary  of  Columbia  from  the  Barbers,  where  he 
established  a  brick-yard,  and  for  more  than  eiglity 
years  brick  have  been  burned  at  this  place  which  are 
esteemed  the  most  durable  of  any  manufactured  in  the 
State.  His  son,  Lewis  Whisler,  purchased  the  brick- 
yard and  farm,  and  they  are  now  owned  by  his  son 
Henry. 

He  died  Sept.  14,  1824,  leaving  a  wife,  Sophia 
(Herbel),  and  children, — Lewis,  John,  Kitty,  who 
married  William  Christy;  Magdalena,  Peggy,  who 
married  Samuel  May;  Sally,  who  married  Ezra 
Breece ;  Philip,  Nancy,  who  married  Jacob  Mathiot, 
and  Michael. 

Joseph  Pool  was  a  captain  iji  the  Revolutionary 
army,  and  participated  in  a  number  of  battles.  He 
was  at  the  battle  of  Brandywine,  and  when  on  duty 
a  British  soldier  thrust  'a  bayonet  through  his  tent 
which  wounded  his  wife,  the  marks  of  which  she 
carried  to  her  grave.  They  removed  to  Columbia 
eighty  years  ago.  He  rented  the  old  "  Ferry  House," 
where  he  kept  a  store  for  a  few  years.  They  removed 
to  the  corner  of  Walnut  and  Third  Streets.  Their 
Bnn,  Joseph,  accidentally  slujt  Jli^s  Susanna  Cook- 
man  and  killed  her. 

Francis  Ottomar  Zeigler,  a  native  of  France,  in  the 
year  1777  joined  an  expedition  under  Baron  De 
Steuben,  and  came  to  this  country  as  aide-de-camp 
to  that  officer,  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel. 
The  detachment  of  troops  landed  from  the  frigate 
"Le  Flamand,"  at  Portsmouth,  N.  IL,  and  from 
I  thence  marched  to  York,  Pa.,  where  they  were  duly 
mustered  into  the  army,  and  the  officers  commis- 
sioned by  order  of  Congress.  Col.  Zeigler  partici- 
pated in  a  number  of  battles.  After  the  war  was 
ended  he  settled  in  Lancaster,  where  he  followed  the 
business  of  whitesmithing.  I 

While  in  that  place  lie  married  Mary  Frances  Hook 
(or  Huck,  as  the  name  was  spelled  at  that  time),  and 
shortly  thereafter  removed  to  Baltimore,  Md.,  where 
their  children  were  born.  In  1798  they  returned  to 
Lancaster,  and  from  thence  to  Columbia  in  1800, 
where  he  purchased  a  lot  on  Front  Street,  about  mid- 
wny  between  Walnut  Street  and  the  Pennsylvania 
Kailroiid  round-iiouse.  Before  getting  possession  of 
this  property  he  occupied  a  log  house  on  tiie  same 
street,  a  short  distance  from  Walnut,  where  he  took 
malarial  fever  and  died  in'the  autumn  of  that  year. 
He  left  five  children,  namely,  Ann  Mary,  who  after- 
wards married  Tempest  Wilson  (who  kept  a  tavern  in 


Martic  township,  from  which  place  he  removed  to 
Wright's  Ferry,  and  rented  the  tavern  and  ferry  upon 
the  western  side  of  the  river);  John,  who  died  in 
1836;  George,  who  died  in  1838;  Barbara,  who  mar- 
ried John  Arms;  and  Andrew,  who  died  in  1818. 
The  widow  of  Col.  Zeigler  carried  on  a  bakery  lor 
many  years.     She  died  Dec.  2G,  1825. 

There  were  several  other  Revolutionary  soldiers  in 
Columbia,  concerning  whom  full  biographical  data 
cannot  be  obtained.' 

Evan  Green  was  born  near  Quakertown,  Bucks 
Co.,  Pa.,  in  1778,  and  learned  the  hatting  business 
with  his  father,  who.  lived  on  a  small  clearing  of 
one  or  two  acres.  During  the  winter  months  he  was 
sent  to  the  common  scliools  of  the  neighborhood. 
He  was  fond  of  books,  and  read  them  with  great 
avidity.  The  family  being  Friends,  he  had  access 
only  to  books  written  and  published  by  the.  early 
Quakers.  He  committed  to  memory  the  few  poetical 
works  written  by  them.  He  came  to  Columbia  in  tlie 
year  1804  and  commenced  the  manufacture  of  hats  in 
a  little  shop  on  Front  Street,  and  from  there  he  re- 
moved it  to  Walnut  Street.  He  was  one  of  the  fore- 
most in  every  enterprise  calculated  to  benefit  his 
fellow-men  and  extend  and  foster  the  best  interests 
of  his  adopted  town,  hence  we  find  him  organizing 
schools,  libraries,  erecting  public  buildings,  and 
urging  internal  improvements. 

He  established  a  lumber-yard  and  leased  ground 
from  Samuel  Bethel  at  the  canal  basin,  where  he 
conducted  that  business  for  fifteen  years.  In  the 
year  1810  he  erected  three  two-story  brick  houses  on 
Front  Street,  above  Locust,  in  one  of  which  he  lived. 
He  married  Isabella  Slaymaker,  daughter  of  the 
Hon.  Amos  Slaymaker,  a  member  of  Congress  in 
1811. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Federal  party  while  it  ex- 
isted, and  afterwards  joined  the  Whig  party.  He  was 
opposed  to  Soatheru  slavery,- although  rather  conser- 
vative in  his  views.  He  did  not  belong  to  or  encour- 
age what  came  to  be  known  as  the  "Underground 
Railroad,"  but  lie'rendered  valuable  aid  to  the  colored 
people  and  assisted  a  number  of  fugitive  slaves  in 
their  efforts  to  obtain  their  freedom.  Charlotte  and 
her  husband,  Charles  Green,  were  both  fugitive  slaves ; 
the  one  was  a  domestic  in  his  family,  and  the  other 
his  coachman. 

About  the  year  1832  the  former  was  suddenly  seized 

.1  Eolert  Biirher.'a  grandson  of  the  old  pioneer  eettlor,  was  a  cajjlaln 
in  the  Revolutionary  war,  and  whb  iu  the  battle  of  Long  Island  and 
other  enyftgeuienta. 

Joseph  lioyd  was  a  private,  and  served  through  the  Rovolutlonnry 
war.  lie  was  a  bhicksmith,  and  carried  on  his  Inisliiessat  the  corner 
of  Fourth  and  \Vulnut  Streets.     IIi-  diinl  nU.ut  imO. 

James  Upjohn  Hiili»ti-d  in  May,  1777,  in  Ciipt.  K.n  u\  Company,  in  Cul. 
Patton's  regnnent  of  the  Pennsylvania  Line.  Ho  was  In  a  nuiuher  i.f 
battles,  and  was  wounded  at  Monnioulli,  N.J.     He  removed  to  Columbia 


luo,  1779,  In  Capt.  Tlionuia  Wylle 
■a'regimeutofa.ldlerj.  Ho  sirv, 
18  a  "  fuller." 


HISTORY  OF  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


by  her  master  while  sweeping  in  front  of  the  house, 
and  carried  to  Lancaster  before  the  judges,  who  re- 
manded her  back  to  slavery.  Mr.  Green  did  all  in 
his  power  to  save  her.  In  that  he  failed,  but  he  pre- 
vented two  of  her  children  from  being  carried  and 
sold  into  slavery.  Charles  Green  collected  six  hun- 
dred dollars,  and  went  to  Baltimore  to  buy  his  wife. 
When  he  arrived  there  he  was  seized  and  sold  into 
slavery,  and  nothing  more  was  ever  heard  from  him. 

His  wife  was  sold  several  times,  and  finally  got  to 
New  Orleans,  where  she  was  hired  out  by  her  master 
as  a  yellow  fever  nurse.  She  finally  purchased  her 
own  freedom,  and  married  a  Crenle  and  became  very 
ricli. 

Mr.  Green  was  for  many  years  a  director  in  the  Co- 
lumbia Bank  and  Bridge  Company,  and  held  a  num- 
ber of  minor  trusts.  He  always  declined  to  hold  a 
political  office  of  any  kind. 

His  children  were  Amos  S.,  who  was  born  in  1816, 
became  a  prominent  and  influential  citizen,  and  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  in  1858  and  1859  ;  Corne- 
lia, who  married  Dr.  Spence  and  removed  to  Vir- 
ginia; Benjamin;  Henry,  followed  a  seafaring  life 
for  some  years  ;  and  Jasper. 

Dr.  Beaton  Smith  was  the  son  of  the  late  Jonathan 
Smith,  president  of  the  United  States  Bank.  He  was 
born  in  Chester  County,  Pa.  He  went  to  Paris  and 
attended  medical  lectures,  where  he  graduate'd  with 
high  honors,  when  he  returned  to  Philadeli)hia.  He 
married  Miss  Hiddleson,  and  was  appointed  teller  in 
a  branch  of  the  Pennsylvania  Bank,  and  removed  to 
Columbia  soon  after  the  war  of  1812.  He  remained 
in  charge  of  the  bank  for  several  years,  and  until  it 
was  removed  from  Columbia.  He  remained  in  the 
place  and  practiced  medicine,  and  was  also  a|)pointed 
agent  for  the  Pennsylvania  Fire  Insurance  Company 
in  Columbia.  He  was  a  person  of  ability,  and  took 
a  very  active  part  in  the  temperance  movement,  and 
was  one  of  their  principal  speakers.  He  removed  to 
Germantown  in  1831,  and  died  in  Philadelphia  a  few 
years  ago  at  a  great  age. 

William  Kirkwood  was  an  Irish  Quaker.  He  came 
to  Sadsbury  township,  in  this  county,  about  the  year 
1800  or  1807,  where  he  taught  school,  and  married 
Rebecca  Cooper  about  the  year  1809.  He  removed 
to  Columbia,  where  he  taught  school  in  the|,  brick 
school-house  on  Third  Street  and  on  Locust  Street 
for  ten  years.  He  abandoned  teaching  and  became  a 
tenant  farmer.  He  first  rented  a  farm  at  Wrights- 
ville,  where  he  also  burned  large  quantities  of  lime. 
He  returned  to  Columbia  and  opened  a  lumber-yard, 
and  also  farmed  ibr  the  Wrights  near  Columbia. 
He  was  n  public  speaker  at  Friends'  meetings,  and 
b(M:ame  an  ardent  temperance  advocate.  He  was  also 
a  fine  writer.  He  died  in  Columbia  about  the  year 
1833. 

J(jhn  McKissick  was  born  in*  Chester  County,  and 
came  to  Lancaster  about  the  year  1800,  ami  lield  a 
position  under  the  State  government  ujitil  the  capital 


1 


of  the  State  was  removed  to  Harrisburg.  He  came 
to  Columbia  in  1809,  and  was  appointed  an  officer  in 
the  Branch  Bank  of  Pennsylvania,  and  afterwards 
cashier  of  the  Columbia  Bank  and  Bridge  Company, 
a  position  he  held  for  many  years.  He  was  a  promi- 
nent menTber  of  the  Presbyterian  Church.  He  died 
in  this  place  about  the  year  1838,  and  left  two  chil- 
dren surviving  him,— Eliza  and  Mrs.  I^aird. 

John  McKissic,  Jr.,  married  Capt.  Clyde's  sister 
Sarah,  and  came  from  Chester  County  to  Columbia, 
and  took  a  position  in  the  Branch  Bank  of  Philadel- 
phia as  clerk.  He  had  one  son,  James,  who  gradu- 
ated at  Lafayette  College  with  high  honors,  was 
admitted  to  practice  law,  and  opened  an  office  in  Co- 
lumbia. He  died  suddenly  in  1853.  John  McKissic 
and  Sarah  had  also  daughters, — Sarah  and  Mary. 
The  latter  married  John'B.  Edwards. 

Dr.  Hugh  iMcCorkle  was  born  in  Chester  County. 
He  came  to  Columbia  about  the  year  1805,  and  com- 
menced the  practice  of  medicine.  In  1812  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Strickler,  daughter  of  Jacob  Strickler,  who 
resided  near  Columbia.  His  son,  William  S.,  mar- 
ried Elizabeth  Heise,  daughter  of  Samuel  B.  Heise. 
Another  daughter  married  John  L.  Boswell,  the  editor 
of  the  Columbia  Spij. 

Hugh  McCorkle  was  clerk  in  the  Columbia  Bank 
and  Bridge  Company  for  several  years  prior  to  1819. 

Capt.  James  Clyde  was  born  in  Northampton 
County,  Pa.,  in  1783,  and  came  to  Columbia  in  1810 
and  engaged  in  the  lumber  business.  He  was  ap- 
pointed a  justice  of  the  peace  in  1812. 

In  181-1  he  took  command  of  a  volunteer  company 
of  soldiers  (which  was  recrnited  by  Moses  Montgom- 
ery, who  was  disabled  the  evening  before  he  was  to 
march)  and  marched  to  Baltimore.  He  was  married 
the  first  time  to  Miss  Horner,  and  moved  to  Washing- 
ton County,  in  Ohio,  in  1823. 

He  was  married  the  second  time  to  Miss  Sally 
Downing,  of  Dowuingtown,  now  living  in  Columbia. 
Capt.  Clyde  returned  to  Northampton  County  in  1842, 
and  died  upon  his  farm  in  that  county  in  1866. 

Capt.  William  Vicary  was  a  sea-captain.  He  mar- 
ried a  daughter  of  Philip  Gossler,  who  kept  the  Ferry 
House  and  rented  Wright's  Ferry.  He  owned  and  | 
lived  in  the  first  frame  house  below  the  brick  Ferry 
House  hotel,  on  Front  Street,  now  occupied  by 
Bridge  Street.  It  is  said  that  he  was  the  first  person 
in  the  United  States  vvlio  introduced  the  tomato  in  the 
country.  He  brought  some  seed  with  him  from  the 
Sandwich  Islands.  He  did  not  intend  to  raise  them 
for  table  use,  but  rather  as  something  ornamental. 
He  was  one  of  the  earliest  burgesses  of  the  town. 

Thomas  Welsh  was  born  in  Columbia  about  the 
year  1825,  and  for  a  number  of  yeai-s  resided  with 
John  Cooper,  late  president  of  the  Columbia  National 
Bank.  He  enlisted  as  a  private,  and  marched  with 
several  other  Columbians  to  Mexico.  He  was 
wounded  at  the  battle  of  Monterey  in  his  leg,  and 
was  brought  home,  where  by  kind  attention  and  the 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


589 


beat  medical  attention  he  was  able  to  be  out  again  in  a 
few  months.  Having  shown  a  talent  for  the  military 
profession,  many  of  his  friends  persuaded  him  to  ac- 
cept a  lieutenant's  commission  in  the  regular  army. 
He  was  duly  ajjpointed  and  marched  to  Vera  Cruz,  and 
participated  in  several  battles  under  Gen.  Scott. 
After  tlie  war  he  resigned  his  position  in  the  army 
and  returned  to  Columbia.  For  some  years  he  kept 
a  store  at  the  basin,  and  owned  several  canal-boats. 
In  1856  he  was  elected  a  justice  of  the  peace.  In  the 
spring  of  1861  he  raised  one  of  the  first  volunteer 
companies  in  the  State  and  entered  the  three  months' 
service.' 

Capt.  James  Caldwell  came  to  Columbia  from  the 
central  part  of  the  State  when  the  public  works  were 
being  built,  he  being  one  of  the  contractors.  When 
the  war  with  Mexico  commenced  he  raised  a  company 
of  volunteers  and  marched  to  Mexico.  He  partici- 
pated iu  all  the  battles  between  Vera  Cruz  and  the 
city  of  Mexico.  While  advancing  at  the  head  of  his 
company,  after  the  capture  of  Chapultepec,  to  the 
gates  of  the  city  of  Mexico,  and  passing  along  the 
causeway,  he  received  a  wound  in  the  foot  from  the 
fragment  of  a  shell,  from  the  effects  of  which  lockjaw 
set  in,  and  he  died  in  two  weeks. 

His  son,  the  Hon.  Alexander  Caldwell,  of  Kansas, 
who  was  about  fourteen  years  of  age,  was  by  his 
father's  side  when  he  received  his  wound.  Gen. 
Pierce  appointed  him  commissary  clerk  when  he 
landed  at  Vera  Cruz.  For  gallant  and  meritorious 
conduct  he  received  a  lieutenant's  commission  about 
the  close  of  the  war. 

He  did  not  enter  the  regular  army,  but  returned  to 
Columbia,  where  he  entered  the  produce-store  of 
Joseph  M.Cottrell  as  clerk,  and  thence  to  the  Colum- 
bia Bank  as  teller.  In  1858  he  removed  to  Kansas, 
where  he  was  afterwards  elected  to  the  United  States 
Kenate. 

His  success  as  a  business  man  has  been  piienomenal. 
•  Richard  E.  Cochran,  Jr.,  was  the  son  of  Dr.  Rich- 
ard E.  Cochran,  and  was  born  Nov.  16,  1817,  in  the 
State  of  Delaware.  In  1838  he  was  appointed  second 
lieutenant  in  the  regular  army,  and  at  once  went 
into  active  duty  in  Florida  and  along  the  western 
border  of  Arkansas. 

When  the  war  with  Mexico  commenced  M  1846 
he  joined  his  regiment,  and  was  in  the  battle  of  Palo 
Alto,  May  8,  1846,  and  on  the  next  day  in  the  battle 
of  Resaca  de  la  Palma,  and  when  entering  the  cap- 
tured intrenchments,  sword  iu  liand,  he  was  killed. 
Some  months  later  his  body  was  brought  to  Colum- 
bia, and  interred  with  the  honors  of  war.  The  citi- 
zens of  the  place  erected  a  marble  monument  over 
his  grave.  He  received  a  collegiate  education,  and 
was  rather  above  the  standard  of  ability  in  this  re- 
markable family.  His  military  genius  gave  promise 
of  a  future  brilliant  career." 


I  Capt.  Theodore  D.  Cochran  was  the  fourth  son  of 
i  Dr.  Richard  E.  Cochran.  He  was  born  in  Delaware 
in  1821.  He  was  sent  to  the  common  schools  in  Co- 
lumbia. About  the  year  1836  he  entered  the  Colum- 
bia Spij  printing-of&ce,  wliere  from  the  beginning  of 
his  apprenticeship  he  developed  talent  as  a  political 
writer.  After  tlie  death  of  Preston  B.  Elder,  the  pro- 
prietor of  the  Spy,  in  1839,  he  took  charge  of  the 
Old  Guard,  an  Anti-Masonic  and  Whig  paper,  pub- 
lished in  Lancaster,  which  was  established  in  the  in- 
terest of  the  Hon.  John  Strohm.  He  was  elected  to 
the  Legislature  in  1844  and  1845.  He  understood 
j  but  little  of  the  arts  of  the  orator,  but  when  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Legislature  he  made  one  of  the  most  bril- 
liant speeches  of  the  session  in  favor  of  the  "  right  of 
way"  for  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad  through 
the  western  part  of  the  State. 

He  received  a  commission  as  lieutenant  in  the 
regular  line,  and  marched  to  Mexico.  He  was  con- 
spicuously brave  at  the  battle  of  Molino  del  Rey  and 
Chapultepec.  He  returned  to  Columbia  after  the 
war  with  greatly  impaired  health,  and  again  entered 
the  editorial  field,  for  which  he  was  so  well  equipped. 
He  resided  at  York  when  the  Rebellion  of  1861 
broke  out,  wheu  he  immediately  raised  a  company  of 
volunteers  and  entered  the  three  months'  service,  and 
after  its  close  accepted  a  commission  in  the  regular 
service,  but  was  compelled  from  ill  health  to  resign. 
He  died  in  York  at  his  brother's,  Hon.  Thomas  E. 
Cochran,  in  July,  1863. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES. 


I  See  sketch  of  Welsh  G.  A.  Post. 


THE  HOUSTON  F.^MILY. 

The  Houstons  of  Lancaster  County  are  of  Scotch- 
Irish  descent.  _.The  origin  of  the  family  is  ancient, 
the  name  coming  from  Sir  Hugh  De  Padvinan,  a.u. 
1100,  he  being  ])ossessed  of  the  lands  of  Kilpeter,  in 
Strathgrief,  Scotland.  In  1250  the  name  of  Houston 
was  adopted,  and  the  titles  follow  in  direct  line 
through  the  oldest  sons  to  the  present  time,  George 
Ludovic  Houston  being  in  possession  of  the  baronetcy 
and  estates  at  Johnstone,  Renfrew  County,  Scotland. 
From  existing  evidence  it  appears  that  the  younger 
sons  of  the  original  family  left  Scotland  for  the  north 
of  Ireland  early  in  the  seventeenth  century.  We  now 
find  them  scattered  through  the  counties  of  Donegal, 
Londonderry,  Antrim,  and  Tyrone,  from  whence  came 
the  first  of  the  Houstons  of  Lancaster  County,  Pa.,  be- 
tween 1725  and  1730.  From  these  families  came  the 
Houstons  of  Virginia  and  Tennessee.  Sam.  Houston, 
of  Texas,  left  Lancaster  County  with  his  father's  hiin- 
ily  when  a  child  for  Virginia,  and  after  the  death  of 
his  father  went,  with  other  children  of  the  family  and 
his  mother,  to  East  Tennessee.  The  fiimily  remain- 
ing in  Lancaster  County  are  the  descendants  of  John 


590 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Houston,  who  had  six  sons  and  two  daugliters,  all 
born  at  the  farm  in  Pequea  Valley,  immediately  facing 
Gap  Station,  on  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad.  The  sons 
were  Daniel,  Dr.  John,  William,  James,  Thomas,  and 
Samuel.  One  daughter  married  the  Rev.  Dr.  Proud- 
fit,  the  other  Mr.  John  Johnson,  of  JNIercersburg, 
Franklin  Co.,  Pa.  Both  daughters  had  large  fain-  I 
ilies.  The  Proudfits  now  live  in  New  York  and 
vicinity,  and  the  Johnsons  in  Franklin  County  and  i 
farther  west  in  Pennsylvania.  The  five  elder  boys 
(Samuel  was  too  young)  were  soldiers  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary army,  and  with  the  exception  of  James,  who 
was  killed  at  Paoli,  fought  through  the  war.  After 
the  war  Daniel  moved  to  Franklin,  and  afterwards 
to  Washington  County,  Pa.,  William  to  Trumbull 
County,  Ohio,  and  Thomas  to  Rockbridge  County,  Va. 

The  youngest  son,  Samuel,  remained  in  Pequea 
Valley,  Lancaster  Co.,  during  his  life. 

Dr.  John  Houston,  the  second  son,  was  born  at 
Pequea  in  1743.  He  finished  his  studies  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  graduating  in  17GG; 
studied  medicine  with  Dr.  Shippen,  of  Philadelphia; 
commenced  the  practice  of  medicine  at  York,  Pa.,  then 
a  frontier  town  ;  married  Susannah  Wright,  of  Colum- 
bia, June  17,,  1773.  He  entered  the  army  as  a  sur- 
geon. Gen.  James  Ewing  married  Patience  Wright, 
Mrs.  Dr.  Houston's  sister.  They  were  the  only  chil- 
dren of  John  Wright,  the  holder  of  large  properties 
on  both  sides  of  the  Susquehanna  River,  at  Columbia 
and  Wrightsville.  After  the  war,  Dr.  Houston  spent 
the  remainder  of  his  life  at  his  winter  home  in  Co- 
lumbia or  on  his  farm,  ou  the  west  siile  of  the  Sus- 
quehanna, in  York  County,  now  a  part  of  Wrights- 
ville.  His  wife,  Susanna  Houston,  survived  him 
many  years,  and  died  in  1829.  Their  children  were 
James,  John,  Martha,  Eleanor  Wright,  Anna  S.,  Wil- 
liam Frederick,  Robert  Wright,  and  Samuel  Nelson. 

James  married  Nancy  Wright.  He  erected  the 
flouring-mill  and  first  saw-mills  near  the  mouth  of 
Kreitz  Creek,  at  Wrightsville.  Their  children  were 
Susan  E.  and  John  W.  Susan  married  James  E. 
Mifflin.  James  E.  Mittiin,  now  of  Columbia,  is  their 
son.  John  W.  married  Mary  B.  Martin,  of  Lycom- 
ing County,  Pa.  They  had  sons  and  daughters, — 
George,  now  living  in  Missouri,  and  William,  at  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio.  His  daughter  Annie  married  Col. 
Lewis  Merrill,  of  the  United  States  army;  Emily 
married  Col.  Alexander,  of  the  United  States  army  ; 
and  Eliza  married  Capt.  Warner,  United  States  army. 

Martha  married  Joseph  Mifflin,  a  prominent  scholar, 
and  for  a  part  of  his  life  a  bank-officer  in  Philadelphia. 
Their  children  were  Deby  Ann,  John  Houston,  James 
H.,  and  Joseph.  Deby  Ann  died  in  Columbia  in  1829. 
James  H.  died  at  Eatonton,  Ga.,  in  1838.  J.  Houston 
married  Elizabeth  Ji.  Heise,  of  Columbia.  He  is  still 
with  us,  a  hale,  hearty  artist-poet-farmer.  Tliough 
past  the  allotted  space  of  threescore  and  ten,  long  may 
he  live  to  enjoy  the  comfort  and  companionsliip  of 
his  four  bright  sons  1     Joseph  married  Julia  Duncan 


Stewart,  and  is  living  on  his  farm  in  Cumberland 
County,  enjoying  the  comfort  of  a  well-spent  life. 

John  and  William  F.  both  studied  medicine.  John 
died.just  after  graduating. 

William,  having  abandoned  the  practice  of  medicine 
for  the  pulpit,  lived  for  many  years  a  devoted  minister 
of  the  Presbyterian  Church.  He  married  in  early  life 
Amy  McCorkle,  of  Philadelphia.  They  had  two  chil- 
dren,—Christiana  M.  and  John  Frederick.  Chris- 
tiana married  Rev.  James  L.  Scott,  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church,  in  1837,  and  immediately  sailed  for  India. 
After  remaining  ten  years  there,  Mrs.  Scott's  health 
became  impaired  and  she  was  ordered  home.  She 
died  on  shipboard  just  after  passing  the  Cape  of  Good 
Hope.  They  had  three  children, — two  (Amy  and 
Edward  H.)  died  after  reaching  man  and  womanhood. 
Anna  E.,  the  surviving  daughter,  is  now  and  has  been 
for  many  years  in  the  mission-field  in  India. 

John  Frederick  marri-ed  Catharine  J.  Fisher,  of 
Pine  Ford,  Dauphin  Co.,  Pa.  He  was  one  of  the 
brightest  young  men  of  our  country.-  He  was  born  in 
Columbia,  and  lived  there  all  his  life.  He  graduated 
at  an  early  age  at  Amherst  College  with  high  honor; 
adopted  the  profession  of  a  civil  engineer;  was  en- 
gaged on  the  construction  of  the  Baltimore  and  Sus- 
quehanna Railroad,  Gettysburg  Railroad,  the  State 
works  of  Pennsylvania,  in  progress  between  1834  and 
1839.  He  abandoned  the  engineer  service  and  stud- 
ied law  with  his  brother-in-law,  Judge  Robert  J. 
Fisher,  of  York,  Pa.  He  commenced  the  practice  of 
law  in  the  counties  of  York  and  Lancaster,  continu- 
ing his  home  in  Columbia,  and  was  fast  gaining 
prominence,  when  at  the  early  age  of  thirty-five  he 
was  stricken  with  paralysis,  after  which  he  lived 
nearly  thirty  years,  respected  by  all  who  knew  him. 
He  has  three  surviving  children, — Georgianna  F.,  at 
Harrisburg;  William  F.,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal. ;  and 
Harry,  at  Denver,  Col.' 

Robert  W.  liv^d  in  Ctdumbia  all  his  life.  He  was 
an  enterprising  and  highly  respected  citizen.  Fur 
many  years  a  merchant,  and  afterwards  a  contractor 
in  the  Columbia  and  Philadelphia  Railroad  and 
Pennsylvania  Canal.  He  married  Sarah  Ann  Jones, 
of  Great  Valley,  Chester  Co.  She  died  in  Columbia 
in  1834.  They  had  two  daughters, — Mary  and  Susan 
\V.  Mary  died  young.  Susan  married  the  Rev. 
Robert  Gamble,  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  ;  they 
are  now  livinir  in  Chanceford,  York  Co.,  Pa. 


1  The  duughtero,  Eli-aiior  W.  aud  i 
eighty-two  iind  eithtj-f.jur  y^'ara,  ronmi 
yeai-8  living  togetliiT  auil  keeping  ho 
tlieir  Ufphf \V8  end  niuces  aud  tficir  clil 
their  peijional  attention  devoted  to  Ijos 


pilallly  I 


;  and  la-r  tahoitd  a»  a  poetena  would  have  dlstiuguluhed  her  IQ 
lioth  \M-io  zejiloua  uiembeni  of  the  Preslo'tBiian  Church, 
srage,  \inlll  phjBlcal  Inllrniity  forliado  It,  Kloaimr  especially 
I  poor  and  tlio  needy  In  tlii-lr  hnnlble  homes,  prescrihiug  foiiii 
iiie  and  Christian  comfort,  '*  going  about  doing  good." 


m 


'y(/^e^-^,,^^^iy^^^ 


()-C^K> 


/^ 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


591 


Samuel  Nelson  was  born  in  1791;  finished  his  edu- 
cation at  Burlington  College,  New  Jersey;  studied 
medicine  and  pharmacy  in  Philadelphia  in  1811  and 
1812  ;  returned  to  Columbia  on  account  of  ill  iiealth  ; 
spent  his  time  in  the  field  and  saddle  for  two  or  three 
years  (we  cannot  refer  to  the  exercise  which  restored 
the  health  of  Mr.  Samuel  N.  Houston  without  re- 
marking that  he  was  of  uncommonly  handsome  per- 
sonal appearance;  that  in  those  days  before  fox-hunt- 
ing was  one  of  the  lost  arts,  while  he  was  distinguished 
for  all  manly  and  athletic  exercises,  he  was  especially 
noted  as  a  magnificent  rider) ;  was  an  active  member 
ofCapt.  Shippen's  troop  of  horse  of  Lancaster  County, 
in  the  war  of  1812 ;  entirely  regained  his  health,  and 
in  1816  married  Susan  Strickler,  daughter  of  Col. 
Jacob  Strickler;  they  had  five  children,  —  John 
James,  Henry  Howard,  Emily  Strickler,  Eleanor 
Wright,  Martha  Mifflin.  He  died  November,  1878, 
aged  eighty-seven  years.  John  James  married  Ann 
Blakiston,  of  Philadelphia.  He  was  for  many  years 
engaged  in  transportation  in  Pennsylvania  and  West- 
ern States;  lived  the  most  of  his  life  in  Columbia,  a 
few  years  in  Pittsburgh,  and  died  in  Philadelphia  in 
1869.  His  wife  survives  him.  They  had  no  children. 
He  was  a  wonderful  man,  and  though  with  a  slight 
frame  and  delicate  constitution,  he  by  determination 
end  pure  grit  accomplished  great  results,  and  of  him 
we  can  say  he-died  as  he  always  lived,— ready.' 

Henry  H.,  the  seconS  son  of  Samuel  N.  Houston, 
waj  early  at  work  in  a  mercantile  house,  and  soon 
left  it  for  that  of  transportation. 
Emily  Strickler  died  in  Columbia,  aged  seven  years. 
Eleanor  W.  died  at  fifty-five  years  of  age,  in  1881. 
.  Martha  Mifflin,  the  youngest  daughter,  married 
Stephen  Greene,  in  Columbia,  in  1855.  They  went 
to  Philadelphia  in  1860,  where  they  now  reside  with 
a  family  of  six  children. 

The  only  other  branch  of  the  original  John  Hous- 
ton, ^rst  referred  to,  that  remained  and  grew  up  in 
Lancaster  County,  was  Esquire  Samuel  Houston,  of 
Pequea  Valley,  of  which  family  we  regret  we  cannot 
give  a  full  account.  He  married  Miss  Hopkins,  of 
Lancaster,  and  had  cliildren — John,  James  H.,  Frank- 
lin, William,  Samuel,  Horatio,  Sarah  Jane,  Martha, 
and  Louise. 

John  married  Gertrude  Truxton,  daughter  of  Com- 
modore Truxton,  and  had  sons  and  daughters.  Sev- 
eral of  the  boys  were  in  the  navy,  and  daughters 
married  officers  in  the  United  States  army.  One  of 
Ihe  sons,  James  Buchanan  Houston,  is  president  of 
the  Pacific  Mail  Steamship  Company. 

James  H.  married  Miss  Henderson,  and  had  sons 
and  daughters.  One  of  the  sons,  J.  Hopkins  Houston, 
«;i<  rapidly  becoming  prominent  as  a  railroad  officer, 
but  died  young  at  Prairie  du  Chien,  Wis.,  while  oc- 
cupying an  important  position. 

Franklin  lived  and  died  in  t/ancaster  County,  was 
married,  and  most  of  his  children  are  settled  in  this 
county. 


Gen.  William  married  Miss  Jacobs,  of  Lancaster' 
County.  He  was  engaged  for  many  years  in  the  manu- 
facture of  iron  in  Centre  County.  He  had  several 
sons.  •  Part  of  the  family  went  to  California,  and  part 
to  Missouri.     He  died  in  California. 

Dr.  Samuel  married  Agnes  Humes,  of  Lancaster. 
They  had  sons  and  daughters.  The  doctor  died  in 
W^ashington,  where  his  family  now  resides.  One  of 
his  sons,  a  prominent  army  officer,  died  young  of 
yellow  fevdr  in  Havana. 

Horatio  was  an  officer  in  the  navy,  and  died  young. 

Sarah  Jane  married  Dr.  Harris,  of  Bellefonte,  Pa., 
and  after  his  death  married  Mr.  Yardly,  a  prominent 
merchant  of  Cincinnati.  He  lived  but  a  few  years. 
She  lived  several  years  a  widow,  and  died  in  1881, 
and  is  buried  in  the  family  burying-ground,  Pequea 
Valley,  Lancaster  Co. 

Martha  married  Col.  William  Baker,  of  this  county. 
They  have  several  children.     She  died  in  1881. 

Louise  is  living  with  her  sister-in-law,  Mrs.  Dr. 
Samuel  Houston,  in  Washington,  D.  C. 


HENRY  HOWARD  HOUSTON. 
Henry  Howard  Houston,  the  youngest  son  of  Sam- 
uel Nelson  Houston,  and  now  the  oldest  living  grand- 
son of  Dr.  John  Houston,  of  Columbia  (bearing  his 
name),  was  born  at  the  Houston  farm,  Wrightsville, 
on  the  3d  day  of  October,  1820.  He  left  school  at 
fourteen  to  enter  the  mercantile  house  of  Mr.  John 
S.  Futhey,  in  Wrightsville.  This  was  probably  the 
best  house  in  its  day  in  this  section  of  the  country  for 
qualifying  boys  for  a  thorough  busine.ss  life.  Mr. 
Futhey  was  a  man  of  large  means,  great  industry, 
strict  integrity,  high  moral  character,  always  on  duty 

j  himself,  and  kept  his  boys  at  their  post.  Proverbially 
he  dealt  in  "  everything  that  grew,  was  manufactured, 
or  consumed."     This  gave  those  with  him  a  knowl- 

I  edge  of  the  value  ftt'  products  and  material  rarely  ob- 

I  tained  in  one  establishment.  During  the  five  years 
young  Houston  was  with  him,  say  from  1834  to  1839, 
the  Baltimore  and  Susquehanna  Railroad  (Wrightsville 
to  York),  theTide- Water  Canal  ( Wrightsville  td  Haver 
de  Grace),  the  dam  across  tiie  Susquehanna  River, 
and  towing-path  bridge  were  being  constructed,  and 
supplies  for  most  of  the  contractors  and  laborers  on 
these  works  were  furnished  by  Mr.  Futhey,  which, 
with  the  bulk  of  the  trade  of  the  rich  region  within 
five  miles  of  Wrightsville,  gave  him  an  extensive 
busine.ss.  Houston's  associates  in  this  house  were 
Samuel  M.  Smith,  afterwards  a  successful  merchant; 
Samuel  D.  Young,  who  went  ea'riy  into  the  transpor- 
tation business  at  the  Columbia  Canal  basin,  and  at 
the  time  of  his  death  was  superintendent  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Railroad  at  Harrisburg;  Jasper  W. 
Boyd,  son  of  the  first  superintendent  of  tlie  Tide-Water 

'  Canal;  and  J.  Smith  Futhey,  now  Judge  Futhey,  of 

I  West  Cliesler,  Pa. 

At  twenty  Houston  went  with  Mr.  Samuel  M.  Rey- 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


nolds,  of  Lancaster,  to  Lucinda  Furnace,  in  Clarion 
County,  Pa.  After  remaining  tliere  three  years  lie 
joined  Mr.  Edmund  Evans  in  rebuilding  and  oper- 
ating Horse  Creek  furnace,  on  the  Allegheny  River, 
in  Venango  County,  Pa.  ;  remained  there  two  years, 
and  returned  to  Columbia  in  January,  1845;  re- 
mained at  home  one  year,  then  made  a  tour  of 
the  Southern  and  Western  States,  reaching  home 
in  December,  1S4G.  In  February,  1847,  entered  the 
Philadelphia  office  of  Leech  &  Co.,  canal  and  railway 
transporters.  Continued  with  this  company  in  Phila- 
delphia and  New  York  until  December,  1850.  Tlie 
Pennsylvania  Railroad  was  then  comjileted  to  HoUi- 
daysburg  and  with  the  State  Portage  Railroad  over  the 
mountains  and  the  canal  (Johnstown  to  Pittsburgh) 
furnished  a  through  line  from  Philadelphia  to  the  Ohio 
River.  Col.  William  C.Patterson,  then  president  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Railroad,  selected  him  to  organize  the 
freight  department  of  the  new  road.  The  rail  line  was 
completed  to  Pittsburgh  in  1853,  and  from  this  time 
until  1860  the  efforts  required  to  secure  and  maintain 
trade  against  rivalry  in  the  North  and  South  was  in- 
cessant and  laborious.  He  continued  in  charge  of 
this  department  for  fifteen  years. 

Since  then  he  has,  with  associates,  been  largely  in- 
terested in  the  construction  of  local  railroads  and  roads 
across  the  continent.  He  is  now  engaged  in  lake  and 
ocean  transportation,  being  part  owner  of  a  line  of 
nine  steamships  on  the  ocean  and  a  fleet  of  twenty 
steamers  on  the  northwestern  lakes;  was  an  early 
and  successful  producer  and  operator  in  petroleum,  a 
miner  of  coal  in  Pennsylvania  and  Western  Virginia, 
and  interested  in  gold  and  silver  mines  in  Montana 
and  Colorado.  He  is  now  in  the  board  of  directors 
of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad,  the  Pittsburgh,  Cin- 
cinnati and  St.  Louis  Railroad,  the  Pennsylvania 
Company,  the  International  Steamship  Company,  the 
Erie  and  Western  Transportation  Company,  besides 
others  of  less  importance. 

He  married  Miss  Sallie  S.  Bounell,  of  Philadel- 
phia, in  1856.  They  have  had  six  children.  The 
first,  a  daughter,  died  in  infancy.  Henry  Howard, 
Jr.,  the  eldest  son,  who  traveled  during  school  and 
college  vacations  the  entire  chain  of  the  lakes  between 
the  head  of  Lake  Superior  and  Quebec,  through  the 
Southern  and  Western  States  and  part  of  M|e.xico, 
across  the  Rocky  Mountains  and  north  to  British  Co- 
lumbia. He  graduated  from  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania in  the  class  of  1878.  Then  made  a  tour  of 
Europe,  the  region  of  the  Nile  and  Palestine,  returned 
to  Italy  via  Turkey  in  Europe,  and  died  in  Rome  in 
June,  1879,  just  as  he  reached  his  twenty-tirst  year. 

Eleanor  Anna,  the  third  daughter,  died  at  twelve 
yeari  of  age,  in  January,  1875.  The  remaining  chil- 
dren are  Sallie  B.,  Samuel  Frederick,  and  Gertrude. 
The  family  reside  in  Germantown,  a  suburb  of  Phila- 
delphia, where  they  have  lived  for  twenty-five  years. 
Mr.  Houston  is  a  member  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal 
Church,  has  been  rector's  warden  and  superintendent 


of  Sunday-school  of  St.  Peter's  Church,  Germantown,' 
since  the  organization  of  that  parish. 


JOHN  HOUSTON  MIFFLIN. 
John  Houston  Mifliin,  of  whom  the  following 
brief  sketch  is  given,  is  a  Pennsylvanian  of  the  sev- 
enth generation.  The  first  John  Mitllin  came  from 
England  with  William  Penn  in  1676,  and  took  up 
four  hundred  acres  of  land,  now  included  in  Fair- 
mount  Park,  Philadelphia.  A  son  of  John,  born  in 
1660,  married  in  1683,  and  from  his  son  John  de- 
scended John  (4th),  whose  son,  Joseph  Miffliu,  was 
the  grandfather  of  John  Houston  Mifflin,  and  a  suc- 
cessful merchant  in  Philadelphia,  as  were  also  his 
brothers.  The  second  Joseph  Mifflin,  the  father  of 
the  subject  of  this  sketch,  came  to  Columbia  and 
married  Martha  Houston,  a  daughter  of  John  Hous- 
ton, whose  father,  John  Houston,  emigrated  from 
Scotland  about  1680  and  settled  in  Pequea  township, 
one  of  the  finest  farming  regions  of  Lancaster  County, 
Pa.  His  son,  John  Houston,  J.  H.  Mifflin's  grand- 
father, was  sent  to  Edinburgh  to  complete  his  educa- 
tion as  a  physician,  and  there  received  his  medical 
diploma.  He  served  as  a  surgeon  for  seven  yeaia 
during  the  Revolutionary  war.  He  married  Susanna 
Wright  (more  particulars  of  their  several  children,  as 
well  as  of  the  ancestors  of  the  family,  being  given  in 
the  biographical  sketch  of  Henry  H.  Houston,  Esq.). 
John  Houstiin,  after  the  close  of  the  Revolutionary 
war,  continued  the  practice  of  medicine  in  Columbia, 
and  was  commissioned  a  justice  of  the  peace  by  Gov- 
ernor Mifflin.  Mr.  Mifflin's  father,  Joseph  Mifflin, 
removed  to  the  neighborhood  of  Columbia  and  mar- 
ried Martha  Houston,  daughter  of  John  Houston  and 
Susanna  Wright  Houston.  He  was  occupied  in  teach- 
ing for  some  years  in  Columbia,  and  afterwards  as  a 
book-keeper  in  the  first  bank  in  that  place.  John 
Houston  Mifflin-ivas  the  first  of  several  childwen  of 
Joseph  and  Martha  Mifflin,  and  was  born  on  the  7th 
day  of  February,  1807.  When  about  six  years  of  age 
his  parents  renjoved  to  Philadelphia,  his  father  assist- 
ing his  own  brother,  Lloyd  Milllin,  in  the  banking- 
house  of  the  Camden  Bank  of  New  Jersey,  at  their 
office  in  Church  Street,  Philadelphia.  There  he 
attended  an  excellent  private  school  until  the  death 
of  his  mother,  which  occurring  at  an  early  age,  he 
was  sent  to  the  celebrated  boarding-school  of  the 
Society  of  Friends,  or  Quakers  (that  being  the  relig- 
ious faith  of  his  family),  called  Westtown,  near  to  West 
Chester,  and  about  twenty  miles  from  Philadelphia. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Mifflin  both  died  in  Philadelphia,  where 
their  remains  are  interred.  The  subject  of  this  bio- 
graphical sketch  having  early  siiown  fondness  and 
facility  for  drawing,  after  abundant  drawing-lessons 
under  I.  R.  Smith,  then  celebrated  in  Philadelphia,: 
and  opportunities  of  painting  at  the  Academy  of  Fine, 
Arts  in  that  city,  had  the  privilege  of  instruction 
from  Thomas  Sully  and  John  Neagle,  two  of  the  most 


m' , 


/l^'>^j6'^Jic^ 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


593 


u 


I' 


distinguished  portrait-painters  of  that  day.     He  pur- 
lued  his  art  as  a  portrait-painter  in  tlie  city  wliere  his 
boyhood  was  passed,   and  wliere  liis   many   friends 
kept  him  moderately  busy,  until  his  old  and  particular 
friend  and  fellow-student  at  drawing-school,  James 
DeVeaux,  enticed   him   to  the  South   to  spend  the 
winters.     Here  he  found  such  hospitality  and  high 
appreciation  of  his  art  as  to  influence  his  return  in 
the  winter  to  its  hospitable  cities,  and  to  protract  his 
visits  till  the  early  summers  of  the  sunny  South  at- 
tracted  him    to   view   the    wonderful   and   romantic 
icenery  of  the  northern  part  of  Georgia, — in  particu- 
lar, those  localities  where  mountains  and  water-falls 
compre.ssed  all  Switzerland  within  a  radius  of  thirty 
miles,  and  which  he  traversed,  occasionally  sketching 
during  this  period.     In  his  business  as  a  professional 
portrait- painter  Mr.  Mifflin  was  amply  rewarded  by 
hia  friends  and  liberal  patrons  in  the  South,  and  in 
company  with  his  artist-friend,  DeVeaux,  made  the 
tour  of  Europe,  visiting  in  1835-3(5  the  galleries  and 
museums  in  parts  of  England,  in  London,  Brussels, 
and  Paris,  and  nearly  all  the  collections  in  every  city 
In  Italy.     Later  he  returned  to  Augusta  and  Savan- 
Dah,  Ga.,  and  was  greeted  with  hospitality  and  success. 
Upon  one  of  his  revisits  to  his  native  town,  Colum- 
bia, Pa.,  he  married  Miss  Elizabeth  A.  Bethel  Heise, 
daughter  of  Solomon  and  Patience  Betliel  Heise,  of 
that  place.     For  a  time  Mr.  Slifflin  attempted  to  pur- 
we  his  favorite  art  of  portrait-painting  in  Columbia. 
It*  population,  however,  not  furnishing  patient  sitters 
to  dispute  the  celerity  of  the  daguerreotype  or  the 
rapidity  of  the  photograph,  the  jialette  and   pencil 
,  were  laid  aside.     The  management  of  the  landed  in- 
terests of  the  family  gradually  absorbed  his  lime,  and 
he  gave  much  attention  to  the  improvement  of  this 
property.     He  may  justly  claim  to  be  identified  with 
the  growth  and   development  of  Columbia,  having 
erected  more  than  forty  dwellings  within  its  limits. 
He  also  laid  out  a  cemetery  adjoining  those  dcnom- 
iaational  burial-places  which  were  being  overcrowded, 
and  afterwards  furnished  additional  ground  for  the 
beautiful  spot,  chartered  under  the  name  of  the  Mount 
Betliel  Cemetery  Association  of  Columbia,  of  which 
he  is  the  president.     He  has  been  honored  by  the 
confidence  and  trust  of  his  fellow-citizens,  when  polit- 
ical partisanship  had  no  influence  in  their  selection, 
with  many  positions  of  importance,  such  as  school  di- 
rector forseveral  terms,  treasurer  of  the  PublicGrounds 
Oinipany,  and  president  of  some  manufacturing  com- 
panies.    He  was  for  thirty  successive  years  elected  a 
trustee  of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  of  which  Mrs. 
Mifflin  and  most  of  his  relatives  are  members,  although 
his  parents  were  members  of  the  Society  of  Friends, 
•hich  entitled  their  children  to  membership  in  that 
•ociety.     In  his  political   allilialions  Mr.  Mifllin  was 
formerly  a  Whig,  and  subsequently  adojited  the  prin- 
ciples of  the  Republican  party, "though  he  is  devoid 
of  ambition  for  distinctions  of  a  political  character. 
He  has   a   love   for   literature,  and  a  facility   for 


writing  verse,  of  which  he  printed  a  small  volume 
called  "  Rhyme  of  an  Artist,"  for  private  distribution. 
Pie  contributed  essays  and  poetical  pieces,  some  of 
which  were  set  to  music,  to  Grahaia's  Magazine  and  to 
Burton's. Ge«<to/ian's  Magazine  in  Philadelphia,  and 
frequently  wrote  spicy  articles  for  the  local  papers  of 
Columbia.  Ho  was  also  an  elocutionist  as  far  as  dra- 
matic recitation  indicated  the  capacity,  and  frequently 
entertained  his  friends  and  benevolent  organizations 
with  lectures,  readings,  or  recitations.  Mr.  Mifliin 
has  evinced  during  his  lifetime  a  desire  to  become  a 
useful  citizen  rather  than  to  achieve  marked  distinc- 
tion in  literature  or  art,  in  both  of  which  fields  he 
might,  doubtless,  with  application  and  study,  have 
won  renown. 

He  is  of  a  cheerful  social  disposition,  beloved  by 
a  large  number  of  friends,  and  most  affectionate  and 
devoted  to  his  family  as  husband  and  father. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Mifllin  were  blessed  with  several 
children,  of  whom  Lloyd,  Houston,  James  DeVeau.x, 
and  Charles  'West  survive.  The  eldest,  Bethel, 
Martha  Elizabeth,  and  Mary  Bethel,  rest  in  the  Mount 
Bethel  Cemetery,  beside  the  grave  of  their  mother. 


WILLI.'iM    FORDNEY    LOCKARD. 

The  subject  of  this  biographical  sketch  was  born 
of  German  ancestry.  His  father,  Charles  Lockard, 
resided  in  Columbia,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  and  during 
the  earlier  years  of  his  life  followed  the  occupation 
of  pilot  on  the  Susquehanna  River.  In  later  years 
he  became  a  contractor,  and  died  at  Peach  Bottom, 
Pa.,  in  1826,  at  the  early  age  of  thirty  years,  having 
been  at  the  time  of  his  death  engaged  in  the  con- 
struction of  a  public  canal.  He  married  Elizabeth 
Fordney,  daughter  of  William  Forduey,  who  emi- 
grated from  Germany  to  Columbia,  Pa.,  where  he 
died  in  1825.  Mrs.  Lockard  survived  her  husband 
fifty  years,  and  dieU  at  Columbia,  Pa.,  in  1876,  at  the 
ripe  age  of  seventy-nine  years.  She  was  a  devoted 
Christian  mother  through  all  the  vicissitudes  of  a 
long  and  well-spent  life.  Her  beloved  and  ven'erated 
character  still  lives  in  the  memory  of  the  children 
who  survive. 

To  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Lockard  the  following  children 
were  born:  Sophia,  Samuel,  Charles  0.,  Hannah, 
William  F.,  and  Eliza.  The  birth  of  William  F. 
occurred  Jan.  10,  1825,  at  Columbia,  Lancaster  Co., 
Pa.,  where  his  boyliood  was  passed.  Soon  after  liis 
father's  death,  and  when  nine  years  of  age,  William 
was  indentured  to  James  Jloore,  a  farmer  of  Union 
County,  Pa.,  who  was  also  by  occupation  a  bridge- 
builder,  having  erected  the  second  bridge  across  the 
Susquehanna  River,  between  Columbia  and  Wrights- 
ville,  Pa.,  in  the  year  1834.  (This  bridge  was  de- 
stroyed by  fire  July,  1863,  during  the  invasion  of 
Gen.  Lee's  army  into  Pennsylvania,  on  the  occasion 
of  tlie  battle  of  Gettysburg.)  \Villiam  F.  lived  six 
years  in  Union  County,  Pa.,  and  on  returning  to  his 


594 


HISTORY   OP  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


native  town  was  employed  in  the  construction  of  the  j 
new  line  of  railroad  then  being  built  to  avoid  the  in- 
clined plane  at  Columbia,  Pa.     This  contract  being 
finished,  he  engaged  upon  a  canal-boat  running  be- 
tween Columbia  and  Hollidaysburg,  Pa.,  and  served  i 
his  superiors  faithfully  for  two  years.     He  then  ac- 
cepted the  position  of  agent  on  a  train  of  cars  running 
over  the  "State  Road"  between  Columbia  and  Pliil- 
adelphia,  Pa.,  owned  by  Messrs.  Bingham,  Dock  &  j 
Stratton,  one  of  the  few  transportation  liouses  then 
doing  business  on  the  Columbia  Basin. 

At  the  age  of  eighteen  lie  became  fireman  upon  a 
locomotive,  and  four  years  later  rose  to  the  rank  of  a  i 
locomotive  engineer  in  the  employ  of  the  State  of  i 
Pennsylvania.  He  continued  in  that  capacity  until  I 
the  year  1857,  at  which  time  the  main  line,  owned 
and  controlled  by  the  State,  from  Philadelphia  to 
Pittsburgh,  was  sold  to  the  Pennsylvania  Central 
Railroad,  they  assuming  full  management  of  the  same. 
William  F.  was,  in  the  summer  of  1858,  made  dis- 
patcher of  trains  at  Columbia,  and  remained  thus 
employed  until  March  1,  18G7,  when  he  was  ap- 
pointed and  confirmed  by  the  board  of  directors  of 
the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company  to  the  position 
of  superintendent  of  the  Philadelphia  Division  of 
said  road,  with  his  office  in  Philadelphia.  This  caused 
the  removal  with  his  family  from  Columbia,  Pa.,  and 
occasioned  the  separation  from  many  warm  personal 
friends,  who,  however,  rejoiced  at  his  promotion.  He 
continued  to  fill  the  position  of  superintendent  for 
fourteen  years,  when,  in  the  summer  of  1881,  owing 
to  continued  ill  health,  contracted  by  the  arduous 
duties  of  the  office,  he  was  compelled  to  tender  his 
resignatiou.  It  was  reluctantly  accepted  by  tlie 
board  of  directors,  who,  being  unwilling  to  lose  his 
services,  appointed  him  superintendeut  of  the  Junc- 
tion Railroad,  a  position  of  like  responsibilities 
though  less  laborious,  which  office  he  now  holds. 

William  Fordney  Lockard  is  essentially  a  self-made 
man,  and  has  not  depended  upon  accidental  good 
fortune  to  make  his  career  one  of  success.  His  energy, 
industry,  and  inherent  force  have  been  the  powerful 
levers  which  have  lilted  him  from  dependence  to  a 
position  of  influence  and  independence.  In  the  vari- 
ous positions  be  has  held  the  confidence  and  respect 
of  his  superior  officers  has  invariably  been  manifested 
towards  him,  while  the  most  flattering  testimonials 
have  evinced  the  affection  of  his  subordinates. 

William  F.  Lockard  married  at  Sliddletown,  Dau- 
phin Co.,  Pa.,  on  the  (ith  day  of  March,  1850,  Marga- 
ret B.,  daughter  of  Daniel  Fager,  formerly  of  Reading, 
Pa.  Their  children  are  Jennie  B.,  Samuel  L.,  Thomas 
G.,  Edwin. J.,  Letitia,  Minnie,  and  Lucy  F.  All  are 
living  with  the  exception  of  Letitia,  who  died  in 
infancy. 

The  Lockards  were  from  the  earliest  records  of  the 
family  in  Germany  members  of  the  German  Lutheran 
Church,  Tliis  famiTy  still  adheres  to  the  faith  and 
worships  with  the  same  denomination. 


JOHN  B.  B.\CHMAN. 
Mr.  Bachman's  paternal  ancestors  are  of  German 
extraction,  while  on  the  maternal  side  is  traced  a 
union*of  Scotch  and  Irish  antecedents.  Felix  Bach- 
man,  his  j^reat-grandfather,  emigrated  from  Switzer- 
land about  the  year  1740,  and  purchased  of  the  heirs 
of  William  Penu  six  hundred  acres  of  land  in  Bart 
Lancaster  Co. 


<^^?Ti^  /I.  /3 


^t-7^a>t\) 


He  had  two  sons,  George  and  Jacob,  the  hitter  of 
whom  was  born  on  the  ancestral  land,  and  in  the 
dwelling  erected  hi'  his  father  soon  after  his  purchase,' 
which  is  still  standing.  He  was  a  farmer  by  occupa-V 
tion,  and  married  Ann  Heidlebach,  of  this  same  town-' 
ship.  Their  sons  were  George,  Samuel,  and  Jacob, 
and  their  daughters  Ann  and  Elizabeth. 

The  birth  of  Samuel  occurred  upon  the  paternal 
estate  in  1791,  in  the  vicinity  of  which  his  life  wn» 
spent  as  merchant,  landlord,  and  farmer.  He  was  a. 
man  of  enterprise  and  judgment,  and  his  services 
were  much  sought  in  the  settlement  of  estates  in  his 
native  county.  He  married  Rebecca  G.  Baird,  whose 
grandfather,  Thomas  Baird,  emigrated  to  America, 
from  Tyrone,  Ireland,  in  1753.  John  Baird,  the  ; 
father  of  Mrs.  Bachmau,  was  a  soldier  of  the  Revo-|- 
Intion,  and  a  magistrate  both  in  Bart  and  Colerain 
townships.  His  death  occurred  in  1822,  The  chil- 
dren of  Samuel  an<i  Rebecca  were  Jchn  B.,  lliiani  P., 
Samuel  H.,  and  Ann  A. 

Mrs.  Bachman's  death  occurred  in  1831,  and  that 
of  her  husband  April  1,  1882.  Their  son,  John  D., 
was  born  IVIarch  22,  1820,  on  the  homestead  in  Bart 


BOROUGH   OF   COLUMBIA. 


595 


township,  and  his  childhood  was  spent  in  the 
immediate  vicinity  of  his  birlhphice.  His  educa- 
tional advantages  were  confined  to  the  select  schools 
of  the  neighborhood,  after  svliich  he  became  clerk  of 
a  country  store,  and  filled  a  similar  position  in  tlie 
village  hotel.  At  the  age  of  eighteen  he  became  a 
carpenter's  apprentice,  and  having  acquired  the  trade 
conducted  an  extensive  business.  Desiring  a  larger 
field  of  labor  than  the  country  afforded,  he  removed 
ill  1852  to  Columbia,  and  availing  himself  of  the  new 
inventions  in  machinery  then  in  use,  engaged  largely 
ill  the  manufacture  of  sash,  doors,  and  blinds.  He  is 
doubtless  the  oldest  manufacturer  in  the  State  en- 
gaged in  this  branch  of  industry,  and  still  conducts 
an  extensive  planing  and  lumbering  business  on  the 
site  of  his  original  purchase. 

Mr.  Bachman  was  married  in  1847  to  Miss  Isabella, 
daughter  of  Matthew  Knox,  of  the  same  township. 
Their  children  are  Florence  R.  (Mrs.  Breneman),  Hyde 
L.,  Jenny  Gail,  and  Mary  Gertrude.  Mr.  Bachman  has 
by  his  ambition  and  public  spirit  added  much  to  the 
growth  and  development  of  Columbia.  He  has  for 
many  years  been  actively  engaged  in  building,  the 
dwellings  he  erected  having  especial  reference  to  the 
comfort  and  improved  condition  of  the  laboring 
classes.  He  has  been  since  the  casting  of  his  first 
ballot  on  conviction  an  Old-Line  Whig,  and  readily 
espoused  the  platform  of  the  Republican  party  on  its 
formation.  He  has  been  prominent  in  municipal 
affairs,  and  frequently  a  member  of  the  Council  of 
the  borough  of  Columbia. 

Mr.  Bachman  may  justly  be  regarded  as  a  promoter 
of  all  schemes  having  for  their  object  the  improved 
condition  of  the  community. 


FREDERICK  BUCllER. 
The  parents  of  Frederick  Bucher  were  Joseph  Max 
and  Barbara  (Bernauer)  Bucher,  of  Deggingen,  VViir- 
temberg,  Germany,  where  the  former  died  in  187U, 
having  during  his  active  life  been  a  leading  merchant 
of  that  village.  Here  his  son  Frederick  was  born, 
Sept.  18,  1830.  On  reaching  manhood  he  decided 
upon  America  as  a  future  field  of  labor,  and  emi- 
grated in  1853.  Christian,  his  brother,  followed  in 
185G,  and  Max,  another  brother,  in  1858,  both  of 
whom  are  since  deceased.  ' 

Frederick  settled  in  Columbia,  and  at  once  sought 
employment  with  Jonas  Rumple  in  the  hardware 
business.  After  a  brief  period  he  engaged  with 
Henry  Pfhaler,  of  the  same  place,  with  whom  he  re- 
mained until  1860,  and  later  became  associated  with 
J.  W.  Cottrell.  In  1806  he  embarked  in  the  grocery 
»nd  hardwarii  bnsineas,  and  has  since  been  thus  oc- 
cupicil.  He  is  also  largely  interested  in  real  estate 
transactions,  and  has  erected  many  dwellings  in  the 
borough  of  Columbia. 

He  was  married  in  1859  to  Miss  Louisa,  daughter 
of  Michael  Bartsh,  of  Chestnut  Hill,  Lancaster  Co., 


to  whom  were  born  children, — Mary,  Frederick, 
Amelia,  and  William. 

Mr.  Bucher,  in  1857,  had  partially  decided  upon 
California  as  a  future  home,  but  was  intluenced  by 
circumstances  to  return  to  Pennsylvania  after  an  ex- 
tended tour,<.including  a  journey  of  great  interest 
through  the  South. 

He  revisited  his  native  land  in  1880,  having  trav- 
eled extensively  through  Germany,  France,  and  Italy. 
The  journey  was  made  with  a  view  to  reviving  the 
scenes  of  his  childhood  experiences  and  enjoying  the 
companionship  of  his  mother  and  three  sisters,  who 
still  occupy  the  parental  abode.  Mr.  Bucher,  while 
in  the  hardware  business,  was  successful  in  the  in- 
vention of  a  stove  for  heating  purposes,  which  was 
patented  in  1858.  A  disastrous  fire  having  destroyed 
the  patterns,  prevented  the  manufacture  of  the  article. 
He  is  an  active  Odd-Fellow  and  a  member  of  the 
Susquehanna  Lodge,  No.  80,  of  Columbia,  as  also  of 
the  Artisans'  Order  of  Mutual  Protection  of  the 
same  borough. 

In  politics  he  is  a  Republican,  though  not  an 
active  politician. 

ANDREW    J.    MUSSER. 

Peter  Musser,  the  great-grandfather  of  the  subject 
of  this  biographical  sketch,  was  of  Swiss  parentage, 
and  married  a  Miss  Dietz,  to  whom  were  born  chil- 
dren,—John,  Christian,  Henry,  Peter,  and  Annie. 
Peter,  of  this  number,  was  born  Nov.  29,  1776,  in  Lan- 
caster County,  and  died  July  2,  1848,  in  his  seventy- 
second  year.  He  married  Elizabeth  Rhorer,  of  the 
same  county,  who  was  born  Aug.  14,  1788,  and  died 
Oct.  8,  1822,  in  her  thirty-fifth  year.  Their  children 
were  Henry  R.,  Mary,  Annie,  Joseph,  and  Betsey. 

Henry  R.  was  born  June  18,  1808,  and  died  June  1, 
1873,  in  his  sixty-fifth  year.  He  w;is  three  times  mar- 
ried, the  second  union  having  been  with  Annie,  only 
daughter  of  John  and  Barbara  Mouk.  Their  chil- 
dren were  Elias  HT,  Thomas  Jefferson,  Benjamin 
Franklin,  Andrew  Jackson,  and  Barbara  Ann,  who 
became  Mrs.  Horn.  Andrew  Jackson  was  born  March 
2,  1841,  in  Lancaster  County.  Tlie  early  years  qf  his 
life  were  spent  in  West  Ilempfield  township,  his  home 
after  his  fourth  year  having  been  with  his  maternal 
grandfather,  John  Mouk.  At  the  age  of  eighteen  he 
removed  to  Columbia,  and  served  an  apprenticeship 
of  three  years  at  the  trade  of  cabinet-maker,  subse- 
quently pursuing  his  vocation  until  Aug.  9,  1862, 
when  he  enlisted  in  Company  K,  One  Hundred  and 
Thirty-fifth  Regiment  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  and 
served  for  a  period  of  nine  months,  during  which 
time  he  participated  in  the  battles  of  Fredericksburg 
and  ChauQellorsville.  On  his  return  he  resumed  his 
trade,  which  was  continued  until  1871,  when  lie  pur- 
chased the  old  and  established  business  of  George 
Seibert,  cabinet-maker  and  undertaker,  which  he  has 
greatly  enlarged,  having  added  extensive  facilities 
for  fine  upholstering. 


596 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Mr.  Musser  was  married  in  1861  to  Miss  Cassandra 
E.,  daugliter  of  John  and  Mary  Shenberger,  of  York 
County,  Pa.  Their  children  are  John  S.  and  Frank 
B.,  both  of  whom  are  associated  with  their  fatlier  in 
business.'  Mr.  JIusser  is  in  politics  an  active  Repub- 
lican. He  has  been  for  three  years  a  member  of  the 
Council  of  the  borough  of  Columbia,  and  was  during 
the  last  year  its  president.  He  is  also  an  entliusiastic 
Mason  and  member  of  the  Columbia  Lodge,  No.  286, 
of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  Susquehanna  Lodge,  No.  80,  of  Independent 
Order  of  Odd-Fellows,  in  which  he  has  taken  all  the 
degrees,  and  was  representative  to  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  Pennsylvania.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Artisans' 
Order  of  Mutual  Protection  of  Columbia,  and  a  di- 
rector of  the  Commonwealth  Mutual  Insurance  Com- 
pany of  Columbia,  as  also  of  the  Columbia  Building 
and  Loan  Association.  Mr.  Musser,  in  business  en- 
terprise and  public  spirit,  is  among  the  foremost  citi- 
zens of  the  place  of  his  residence. 


HENRY    II.    HEISE. 


The  Heise  family  are  of  Swiss  extraction  and  early 
settlers  in  Lancaster  County.  Solomon  Heise,  the  | 
grandfather  of  Henry  H.,  was  a  resident  of  \Vest 
Hempfield,  where  he  followed  farming  empleyments. 
He  married  Patience  Bethel,  of  Scotch  descent,  and 
had  children, — Samuel  B.,  Henry,  George  W.,  Fred- 
erick K.,  Susan,  and  Elizabeth.  The  death  of  Mr. 
Heise  occurred  on  the  homestead  March  16,  1833,  in 
his  seventy-second  year,  and  that  of  his  wife  March 
28,  1855,  aged  eighty-two  years.  His  son  Henry  was 
born  during  the  year  1804  at  the  homestead,  where 
he  conducted  farming  on  an  extensive  scale.  He 
married  Anna,  daughter  of  John  and  Franey  Forrey, 
the  latter  of  whom  died  in  West  Hempfield  township 
in  her  one  hundred  and  fourtli  year.  Mr.  Heise  mar- 
ried a  second  time  Miss  Hannah  Heidler,  uiece  of 
John  and  Franey  Forrey,  of  Raplio  township.  Their 
children  were  Henry  H.,  Benjamin  F.,  Elizabeth 
(Mrs.  Noll),  Aniui  M.  (deceased),  Salinda  H.  (Mrs. 
Wilmot),  Sarah  H.  (Mrs.  Agnew).  Mr.  Heise  died 
Feb.  10,  1862,  in  his  sixtieth  year.  Henry  H.,  his 
son,  was  born  June  30,  1840,  in  West  Hempfield 
township,  his  childhood  having  been  sijeiitlat  the 
home  of  his  parents.  He  availed  himself  of  such  ad- 
vantages as  the  neighboring  school  afforded,  and  after- 
wards engaged  in  labor  on  the  farm.  In  1866  he  be- 
came a  pupil  at  the  People's^  Business  College  at 
Reading,  Pa.,  aud  in  1867  made  an  extended  tour 
through  Europe.  In  1870  he  embarked  in  the  hard- 
ware business  in  Columbia,  where  he  is  still  an  active 
merchant.  He  was  married  April  28,  1874,  to  Miss 
Susan,  daughter  of  John  S.  Mellingcr,  of  Creswell, 
Manor  township.     Their  children  are  Harry  Elvin, 


uiigest  bat)  aina  acquired  the 


t  of  telegntphy, 


who  resides  with  his  uncle,  Dr.  David  Mellinger,  Ih 
Manor  township,  and  Susan  Florence,  who  died  in 
infancy.     Mrs.  Heise  died  Jan.  11,  1877. 

TJie  firm  of  Heise  &  Kauffman,  with  which  Mr. 
Heise  was  formerly  connected,  is  the  patentee  of 
Heise  ife'Ivauflman's  "  patent  combined  feed  tobacco 
and  heating  steamer,"  and  Mr.  Heise  is  the  patentee 
of  H.  H.  Heise's  latest  improved  "hydraulic  ram." 
For  both  of  the.se  an  extended  demand  has  been  cre- 
ated. Since  the  sjiring  of  1883  Mr.  Heise  has  beea 
sole  owner  of  the  extensive  hardware  business  for- 
merly conducted  with  his  partner.  He  is  in  politics 
a  Republican,  but  not  an  ardent  politician.  He  is  a 
director  of  the  Pennsylvania  Fire  Insurance  Company 
of  Columbia  and  of  the  Commonwealth  Fire  Insur- 
ance Company,  also  of  Columbia.  The  family  are  in 
their  religious  belief  Presbyterians,  and  Henry  H. 
lias  not  departed  from  the  faith  of  his  ancestors. 


WILLI.\M    P.\TTON. 

Mr.  Patton  is  of  Irish  extraction,  his  grandfather 
having  been  JMatthew  Patton,  who  resided  in  the 
County  Tyrone,  Ireland.  Among  his  children  was 
James,  born  in  1788,  who  still  survives  in  his  ninety- 
fifth  year.  He  emigrated  to  America  in  1817,  and 
having  purchased  a  tract  of  land  in  Chester  County 
Pa.,  devoted  his  life  to  farming  employments.  He 
married  Ann,  daughter  of  Samuel  Ramsey,  of  County 
Armagh,  Ireland,  and  had  children,— William,  Scott, 
Harriet  (who  became  Mrs.  Burton),  aud  five  who  are 
deceased.  Their  son  William  was  born  May  12, 1817, 
in  the  County  Tyrone,  Ireland,  and  with  his  parents 
came  to  America  when  an  infant.  His  boyhood  until 
his  twenty-second  year  was  spent  in  Chester  Couuty, 
where  he  was  principally  engaged  in  labor  upon  the 
farm. 

Having  received  the  appointment  of  State  agent  on 
the  Philadelphitt  and  Columbia  Railroad,  he  held  the 
office  for  one  year,  after  which  he  became  connected 
with  the  road  as  locomotive  engineer.  In  the  fall  of 
1841  he  married  Miss  Susan,  daughter  of  Jo.?eph 
Withers,  and  granddaughter  of  John  Withers,  who 
was  a  captain  in  Col.  John  Ferree's  battalion  during 
the  Revolution,  and  later  a  farmer  in  Strasburg  town- 
ship. The  children  of  Mr.  Patton  are  Emma,  Anna 
F.,  Olivia,  Josephine,  and  Clara  (Mrs.  Denny).  The 
year  of  his  marriage  Mr.  Patton  purchased  a  forward- 
ing house,  lumber-  aud  coal-yard  at  Fair  View,  Lan- 
caster Co.  At  the  expiration  of  the  third  year  he  re- 
ceived an  appointment  as  train  dispatcherat Columbia, 
and  also  embarked  in  the  lumber  and  coal  business 
in  that  borough.  Two  years  later  he,  with  his  brother, 
engaged  in  mercantile  interests,  having  still  retained 
the  former  business. 

Mr.  Patton,  in  1852,  turned  his  attention  to  con- 
tracting, having  as  the  initiatory  step  built  the  round- 
house for  the  State  in  connection  with  the  Columbia 
Railroad.     He  later  constructed  the  larger  part  of 


.^^i^^  ^^l/z:. 


MOUNT  JOY    BOROUGH. 


597 


lie  Huntingilon  and  Broad  Top  Railroad  and  the 
Stonerstown  bridge. 

.  Togetlier  with  other  partaers  lie  also  built  eighty-  j 
two  miles  of  the  western  end  of  the  Pliiladelphia  and  | 
Erie  Railroad.  He  returned  to  Columbia  and  ein-  j 
barked  in  the  iron  business  as  general  manager  of  the  j 
Susquehanna  Iron  Company's  works,  with  wliich 
interest  he  has  been  since  identified. 

This  industry,   under  his   competent    supervision,  [ 
has  become  one  of  the  most  successful  iron  interests 
of  the  State,  its  products  being  unsurpassed  in  qual- 
ity by  any  rolling-mill  in  Pennsylvania. 

Mr.   Patton    has   been   largely  identified  with  the  j 
growth  and  development  of  tlie  borough  of  Columbia, 
and  for  many  years  actively  interested  in  building 
enterprises.      He  is  a  director  in  both  the  Susque- 
hanna Iron  Company  and  the  Keely  Stove  Company. 

In  religion  he  is  a  supporter  and  member  of  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church  of  Columbia,  with  which 
Mrs.  Patton  and  their  daughters  are  also  connected. 

In  politics  he  has  during  his  lifetime  espoused  the 
principles  of  the  Democratic  party. 


.■-  MILTON    WIKE. 

•<  George  Wike,  the  grandfather  of  Milton,  emigrated 
from  Germany  and  settled  in  Lancaster  County,  where 
he  followed  his  trade  of  slioemaker.  Later  he  re- 
moved to  Columbia,  where  lie  continued  to  be  indus- 
triously employed.  He  was  twice  married,  and  had 
children, — George,  John,  and  three  daughters,  Mary 
(Mrs.  Henry  Mathiot),  Sarah  (Mrs.  John  Hudders) 
snd  Betsey  (Mrs.  Mullen).  Mr.  VVike's  death  occurred 
in  Columbia  in  advanced  years.  His  son,  George,  was 
born  in  the  above  borough,  Jan.  11,  1805,  in  the  im- 
mediate vicinity  of  which  his  life  was  spent.  He  ac- 
quired the  trade  of  a  coo|>er,  but  soon  after  followed 
llie  life  of  a  boatman,  and  became  a  pilot  on  the  Sus- 
quehanna River.  Subsequently  he  engaged  in  con- 
tracting, and  built  a  portion  of  the  Tide-Water  Canal, 
extending  from  Wriglitsville  to  Havre-de-Grace.  He 
was  on  the  2i;th  of  April,  1827,  married  to  Sarah, 
(laughter  of  John  Eberlin,  of  Columbia.  Their  chil- 
dren are  Susan,  John  F.  E.,  Milton,  Ann  Jane  (Mrs. 
Wall),  Nathaniel  E.,  Emma  Frances,  George  Wash- 
ington, Henry  M.,  Hannah  G.  (Mrs.  Mullen),  :Sjimuel 
F.,  Andrew  J.,  Albert,  Eunice  (Mrs.  Stair),  and  Frank- 
lin. George  Wike  died  Dec.  31,  1857,  in  his  fifly- 
accond  year.  His  widow,  who  survives  him,  resides 
la  Columbia. 

,  Milton  Wike  was  born  Jan.  25,  1831,  in  Manor 
town.ship,  and  removed  when  an  infant  with  his 
parents  to  Columbia,  where  he  attended  during  his 
youth  the  public  school  of  the  borough.  He  then  be- 
canie  familiar  with  the  business  of  a  butcher,  which 
was  for  several  years  successfully  conducted,  after 
which  he  engaged  in  the  purdiase  and  sale  of  stock. 
lie  later  retired  from  active  business  pursuits  and  de- 
toted  his  attention  to  a  farm  owued  by  him  in  Martic 


township.  He  was  in  January,  1861,  married  to 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Isaac  Hinkel,  of  Columbia. 
Their  children  are  George,  Edith,  and  Flora.  Mr. 
Wibe  is  in  politics  a  Republican,  He  has  for  three 
successive  terms  been  elected  school  director  of  the 
borough  of  Columbia,  and  was  a  member  of  its  Coun- 
cil during  the  period  of  the  late  war.  He  is  also  one 
of  the  board  of  directors  of  the  Old  Columbia  Public 
Grounds.  He  is  a  member  of  Columbia  Lodge  of 
Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  and  of  the  Cyrene  Com- 
mandery  of  Knights  Templar  of  Columbia.  Mr. 
Wike's  family  worship  with  tlie  Lutheran  denomina- 
tion, of  which  hi-  is  a  liberal  supporter. 


CHAPTER    XXXI. 


Mi.)[!NT    JOY    BOROUGI 


The  borough  of  Mount  Joy  is  a  handsome  and 
thrifty  town  situated  upon  the  Pennsylvania  Rail- 
road, twelve  miles  west  of  Lancaster.  Tlie  Lancaster 
and  Ilarrisburg  turnpike  passes  through  the  town 
and  forms  its  principal  street.  The  earliest  habita- 
tions within  the  present  limits  of  Mount  Joy  were 
two  taverns,  which  were  built  upon  this  thoroughfare 
many  years  before  it  was  made  a  turnpike,  and  they 
may  be  considered  the  nuclei  around  which  the  town 
was  developed.  The  first  of  these  was  a  house  which 
stood  on  the  northern  or  Mount  Joy  side  of  the  turn- 
pike, and  now  forms  a  portion  of  the  Exchange 
Hotel.  It  was  a  small  brick  house,  built  by  Alex- 
ander Campbell  in  1708.  These  facts  were  for  many 
years  set  forth  upon  a  stone  which  capped  the  apex 
of  the  brick  arch  of  a  dormer-window,  so  that  he  who 
ran  might  read,  but  when  the  structure  was  altered 
and  improved  tlig  stone  was  dislodged  from  its  po- 
sition, and  it  is  now  said  to  be  in  the  attic  of  the  hotel. 
The  second  tavern  was  on  the  southern  or  Donegal 
township  side  of  the  stage-road,  where  it  is  crossed 
by  the  Manheim  road,  in  the  western  part  of  the  town. 
The  farm  embracing  this  neighborhood  was  purchased 
at  an  early  day  by  Michael  Nichels,  and  the  house 
was  built  by  him  in  1783.  It  stood  upon  the  now 
vacant  corner  lot  adjoining  the  residence  of  Mr.  Hil- 
debrand,  and  was  known  as  "The  Cross-Keys." 
Nichels  liad  a  wife,  Eva,  who  was  a  virago,  noted  for 
her  ungovernable  temper.  The  place  thus  became 
widely  known  as  "the  three  crosses,"— the  cross- 
roads, "The  Cross-Keys,"  and  "the  cross  landlady." 
This  tavern  was  carried  on  until  a  comparatively 
recent  date  by  various  landlords,  and  was  finally  de- 
stroyed by  lire.  A  stone  from  the  old  building  is  now 
to  be  seen  in  the  rear  wall  of  the  Washington  Hotel 
or  Plumnier  House.  It  bears  in  clearly  legible  char- 
acters this  inscription  :  "  Erbaut  durch  Michael  Nickels 
ct:  Eva,  1783,"— that  is,  built  by  Michael  and  Eva 


598 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Nichels.  "  The  Cross-Keys"  was  a  favorite  place  of 
resort  for  the  roistering  convivialists  of  tlie  region 
round  about  in  Mount  Joy,  Rapho.  and  Donegal 
townships  long  years  before  the  town,  which  after- 
wards included  it  within  its  bounds,  was  laid  out, 
and  while  its  site  was  covered  with  woods.  During 
the  Whiskey  Insurrection,  at  a  militia  training  there, 
several  persons  spoke  loudly  in  favor  of  the  insurgents, 
declaring  they  were  ready  to  go  to  their  assistance. 
They  were  subsequently  arrested  and  taken  to  Lan- 
caster, but  excused  themselves  by  saying  that  their 
apparent  disloyalty  was  only  the  result  of  a  drinking 
bout. 

Rohrerstown. — The  first  or  eastern  portion  of  the 
town  was  laid  out  in  September,  1811,  by  Jacob 
Rohrer,  who  came  from  Sporting  Hill,  and  was  called 
Rohrerstown.  It  consisted  of  one  hundred  and  thirty- 
four  lots,  laid  out  around  a  centre  square,  and  equally 
divided  by  the  Lancaster  and  Harrisburg  turnpike. 
A  lottery  was  devised  for  the  distribution  of  lots, 
alter  a  common  custom  of  tlie  time,  and  tickets  were 
sold  at  eighty-five  dollars  each.  They  were  not  all 
immediately  disposed  of,  but  those  remaining  in 
Rohrer's  possession  were  sold  within  two  or  three 
years.  Rohrer  built  the  wooden  portion  of  the  E.x- 
change  Hotel  as  an  addition  to  the  old  tavern  erected 
in  .1768,  which  has  already  been  described,  and  a  small 
building  adjoining  the  site  of  the  present  National 
Bank,  in  which  he  kept  the  first  store  within  the 
present  limits  of  Mount  Joy.  Prior  to  this  time  the 
nearest  store  had  been  one  kept  by  a  Mr.  lleeser,  one 
mile  west  of  the  site  of  Mount  Joy,  on  the  Manheim 
road,  where  now  is  the  farm-house  of  Abram  Hiestand, 
in  Rapho  township. 

Rohrer  removed  soon  after  the  war  of  1812  to  Ma- 
rietta, and  became  president  of  a  bank  organized 
there,  which  finally  met  with  disaster.  Prior  to  that 
time,  however,  he  returned  to  the  town  which  he  had 
founded,  and  served  here  many  years  as  magistrate. 
He  died  in  Mount  Joy  about  1840. 

The  newly  laid  out  village  was  settled  with  consid- 
erable rapidity  during  the  war  of  1812  and  the  few 
years  following,  but  afterwards,  for  a  score  of  years, 
the  accessions  of  population  were  few. 

One  of  the  early  residents'  of  Mount  Joy,  or  Roh- 
rerstown, has  given  the  writer  facts  concerning  the 
early  history  of  the  village,  which  enable  iiim  to  pre- 
sent quite  a  complete  view  of  the  place  as  it  appeared 
in  the  war  of  1812  period.  He  estimates  that  it  then 
contained  thirty-three  families,  and  identifies  the  lo- 
cations of  all  the  houses.  Where  Dr.  Zeigler  now 
lives,  on  the  north  side  of  the  Main  Street  and  the 
corner  nf  the  Centre  Square,  was  a  house  built  by  Brice 
Ciirran,  in  1812,  for  a  residence,  buc  soon  given  up  by 
him  to  James  Sterrett  who  kept  in  it  the  second  store 


'  Robert  Dysart,  of  Lapciistc 


that  was  opened  in  the  village.  On  the  adjoining 
property  west  was  a  house  built  in  1812  by  a  Mr. 
Wilkinson,  who  became  afterwards  a  justice  of  the 
peate.  There  were  two  houses  between  this  and  the 
place  where  the  railroad  crosses,  the  first  occupied  by 
a  Mr.  Earl  and  the  second  by  the  Galbraith  family. 
Beyond,  where  the  E.xehange  Hotel  now  is,  was  the 
small  tavern,  built  in'  17G8,  which  has  been  described, 
and  beyond  that  came  what  is  now  the  bank  build- 
ing, Rohrer's  store.  When  Rohrer  left  the  new  vil- 
lage his  stock  in  this  store  was  taken  by  Jacob  Myers, 
who  sold  goods  for  many  years.  Myers  lived  beyond 
this  store  in  a  one-story  log  house  which  had  been 
built  before  the  town  was  laid  out,  and  probably  as 
early  as  1780.  This  house  is  still  standing,  and  is 
weather-boarded,  so  that  it  does  not  look  much  older 
than  some  of  its  neighboring  dwellings.  It  is  occu- 
pied by  the  widow  of  Jacob  Myers,  Jr.  Henry  Myers 
is  now  the  oldest  native-born  resident  of  the  borough. 

On  the  same  side  of  the  street  a.nd  east  of  the  square, 
in  the  order  given,  were  houses  built  and  occupied  by 
Mr.  IMencer,  John  Mateer,  and  Frederick  Hoffman, 
and  at  the  e.xtreme  east  end  was  the  gate-house  of 
the  turnpike.  Another  toll-house  'was  soon  after 
built,  to  take  the  place  of  this  one,  and  it  was  re- 
moved into  a  more  central  location,  and  became  the 
first  shop  of  the  town.  It  has  been  for  more  than 
half  a  century  occu[iied  as  a  shoe-shop  by  Alexander 
Dysart.  Altogether  there  were  twelve  houses  on  the 
north  side  of  the  street  in  1812. 

On  the  south  side  of  the  street  there  were  seven. 
The  first  one  which  would  appear  to  a  traveler  ap- 
proaching the  village  from  the  east  was  a  small  house 
owned  by  Jlrs.  Jane  Dysart.  Back  of  it  was  another 
log  habitation.  These  houses  were  built  by  Martin 
Krider,  probably  in  1810.  They  were  not  within  the 
limits  of  the  town  proper.  Going  west,  the  next 
house  was  a  two-story  brick,  built  by  Mr.  Mancer, 
and  now  ownecLand  occupied  by  James  A.  Patterson. 
Near  the  up])er  corner  of  the  square  was  a  double  log 
house,  which  was  built  by  Perry  Woods.  It  is  now 
weather  boarded.  Tlie  building  now  occupied  as  a 
newspaper  office  by  Mr.  Hoft'er  was  not  in  existence 
in  the  period  of  which  we  write,  but  was  erected  by 
John  Brindler  about  1817.  The  next  house,  now 
used  as  a  restaurant  by  James  Mooney,  was  built  in 
1815,  and  owned  until  very  recently  by  Robert  Dy- 
sart. Then  came  the  Red  Lion  tavern,  built  by  a  Mr. 
Navy,  a  cabinet-maker.  It  forms  a  part  of  the  pres- 
ent large  building.  The  original  structure  was  occu- 
pied at  different  periods  both  for  store  and  tavern 
purposes,  its  best-known  proprietor  in  the  latter 
being  Oakey  Henderson,  wiio  began  as  landlord 
aboufl818,  and  keiit  it  for  many  years.  Just  bofoio 
coming  to  tlie  Marietta  turnpike  the  traveler  would 
see  the  two  houses  now  owned  by  Messrs.  McFarlaud 
and  Longnecker.  The  first  of  these,  like  Jlyers',  on 
the  opposite  side  of  the  turnpike,  was  probably  built 
before  the  town  was  laid  out.    This  house  was  owned 


MOUNT  JOY   BOROUGH. 


599 


i 


H 


by  David  McNeely,  from  Bucks  County,  wlio  added  I 
a  second  story,  and  tlie  adjoining  one  by  liis  son,  wlio 
bore  the  same  name  and  was  a  captain. 

On  Donegal  Street,  tlie  first  house  on  tlie  south  side  | 
was  a  small  one,  built  prior  to  1812  by  a  weaver 
niiined  Snell,  who  lived  in  it  during  the  war.  An- 
drew and  Nancy  Dysart,  Avther  and  mother  of  Robert 
and  Alexander  Dysart,  lived  in  a  double  log  house 
on  tlie  right-hand  side  of  the  street,  nearly  opposite 
Snell's.  This  house  was  built  by  Alexander  Patter- 
son. Farther  westward  was  the  log  residence  of  John 
Hayes,  who  owned  a  number  of  lots  on  this  street. 

On  Barbara  Street  there  were  in  1812  ten  houses, 
five  of  which  were  on  the  northern  side.  The  first, 
counting  from  the  east,  belonged  to  a  Widow  Tod,  and 
the  next,  a  small  log,  to  one  Craig,  while  the  third, 
a  double  log  house,  was  occupied  by  James  Laird, 
the  fourth  was  the  property  of  John  .-Vlsbaugh,  a 
cooper,  and  the  fifth  a  house  which  John  Mateer 
had  built  for  his  daughter,  a  widow.  On  the  south 
side  of  the  street,  James  Laird  had  a  butcher-shop  at 
the  corner  of  the  street  which  runs  north  and  south 
through  the  square,  and  a  little  west  of  this  street  was 
the  residence  of  the  Donahue  family,  of  which  one  of 
the  sons,  James,  is  still  a  resident  of  the  borough. 
Still  farther  west  were  the  houses  of  Mrs.  Sherrer  and 
Mary  Eshelnian,  and  the  last  of  the  five  was  a  small 
log  house  owned  by  Joseph  Lytle  and  builf  before  the 
town  was  laid  out.  This  was  on  the  lot  now  owned 
by  McFarland  and  Breneuian. 

These  were  all  the  houses  in  Rolirerstown  during 
the  period  of  the  second  war  with  Great  Britain,  but 
many  others  were  built  soon  after  its  close,  among 
tbeni  the  Bell  school-house.  In  the  mean  time,  how- 
ever, another  town  had  been  platted,  which  was  ulti- 
mately to  be  merged  with  that  which  we  have  de- 
scribed. 

Richland. — The  period  of  the  war  of  1812  was  one 
prolific  in  projects  for  land  s|)eculation,  and  among 
them  was  the  laying  out  of  a  town  at  the  cross-roads 
■  as  a  rival  of  Rolirerstown.  This  flat  embraced  lauds 
lying  both  north  and  south  of  the  turnpike  from  Lan- 
caster to  Harrisburg,  in  Mount  Joy  and  Donegal  town- 
ships, and  included  the  old  "Cross-Keys"  tavern, 
which  was  spoken  of  at  the  outset  of  this  chapter. 
The  lands  lying  in  proximity  to  this  tavern  had  been 
owned  by  Michael  Nichels.  The  deeds  .set  fJirth  that 
his  executors  sold  to  Peter  Linderwood  and  Peter 
Bishop,  who  sold  to  Christian  Leih,  who  in  turn  .sold 
to  John  Bartrutf,  of  Manheim,  and  that  he  then  laid 
out  one  hundred  and  twenty-two  lots  in  1812.  It  also 
appears  that  Hoffer  and  Roth  were  engaged  in  the 
enterprise,  and  it  is  certain  that  their  plans  in  laying 
out  llie  town  were  not  consummated  until  1814,  and 
iven  then  many  of  the  lots  were  not  sold.  Richland 
did  not  grow  so  fast  as  Rohrerstown,  but  made  some 
progress.  The  taverns  of  Richland  and  Rolirerstown 
did  a  more  thriving  business  than  any  other  insti- 
tution, and  their  patronage  was  derived  princi|ially 


from  the  teamsters  of  the  great  Conestoga  wagons. 
One  old  resident  of  Mount  Joy  says  that  he  has  often 
seen  at  early  day  over  fifty  of  these  teams,  each  of 
fiiur  horses,  quartered  for  the  night  at  the  stables  of 
the  two  taverns,  while  the  drivers  crowded  the  houses 
to  their  utmost  capacity. 

As  time  passed  on  the  lands  lying  along  the  turn- 
pike between  Rohrerstown  and  Richland  were  platted 
in  lots  by  small  parcels.  The  first  was  the  triangular 
piece  of  ground  lying  between  JIain  Street,  the  Ma- 
rietta turnpike,  and  Delta  Street.  This  five  and  a 
half  acres  was  covered  with  timber  when  it  was  bought 
by  Christian  Choick,  in  1828,  for  eight  hundred  dol- 
lars.    He  cleared  it  and  laid  it  out  in  lots  in  1830. 

In  1834  or  the  following  year  Jacob  Walleck  (or 
Wallich),  who  had  a  long,  narrow  strip  of  land  run- 
ning across  the  Lancaster  and  Harrisburg  turnpike 
to  the  Manheim  road,  laid  it  off  in  eighty  lots,  which 
be  disposed  of  by  a  lottery.  He  removed  to  the  West 
not  long  after  this  transaction,  some  features  in  which 
had  made  him  unpopular. 

Henry  Eshelnian  laid  out  a  small  addition  on  the 
south  side  of  the  pike  and  several  others  surveyed  oft" 
a  few  lots,  while  George  Myers  laid  out  what  was 
called  the  "  Richland  extension." 

Lots  were  sold  in  all  of  these  plats  and  buildings 
erected,  and  the  two  original  villages  gradually  grew 
together  and  became  practically  one,  which  slowly 
and  evenly  increased  in  population  and  prosperity. 

Incorporation  as  a  Borough.— Mount  Joy  was 
incorporated  as  a  borough  by  act  of  the  Assembly 
passed  Feb.  10,  1851,  and  its  boundaries  were  made 
to  include  Rohrerstown,  Richland,  and  the  several 
other  plots  or  addition.s  lying  between  them,  and 
upon  April  1st  of  that  .year  the  following  persons, 
having  received  a  majority  of  the  votes,  were,  by 
Justice  of  the  Peace  J.  Shertzer,  installed  as  the  first 
officers,  viz. :  Burgess,  Joseph  Hougendobler ;  Clerk, 
Jacob  Stautfer;  Treasurer,  A.  Strickler ;  Town  Coun- 
cil, (West  Ward)  Samuel  Miniclian,  Henry  Bender, 
John  Reams,  (East  Ward)  Henry  Sliafl'ner,  Samuel 
Dyer,  James  Moore. 

Following  are  the  principal  officers  for  each  subse- 
quent year  : 

BunOKSSES.— 13,-wc    Shortzer,   18o2-54;    John    Patterson,   1855;    B.   M. 

GreiJer,  lS5e-67  ;   Jc.hu   H,  Ilrenoraaii,  1858;  S.    M.   Sljera,  1S50; 

Jac"l>  Urich,  18r,ll-Gl  ;  C.  U.  Martin,  1802:  ,1.  L.  Ziiiglar,  1803-64; 

B    M.  Giviik'i,  1805-72;  Ilerjry  Slwiffjior,  1873-70;  Jease  Kennedy, 

1877;  B.  M.  Greiiler,  1878-83. 
C1.EUKS.— J.  Stauff.T,  1S52-58;  0.  W.  Johnson,  1850-09  ;  J.  B.  Landis, 

186:1;  B.  K.  El.urle,  18M  ;  J,  E.  Cosset,  1805-00;  G.  H.  Henilrickson, 

1807-71  ;  A.  K.  Maltiii,  1872-83.  ■ 
Treasurers.— A.  Strickler,  1852;   Jacob  Uilch,  1853;    L.  Ricksecker, 


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HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


liODgiiecker  and  P.  Ilelman,  1867 ;  Eli  Hamaker  and  S.  H.  Kurtz, 
1S68  ;  William  Kulin  and  li.  F.  Kborle,  ISGO;  D.  Boyce  and  P.  Hel- 
niiiD,  1S70  ;  S.  H.  KuTlz  and  C.  Cnil.B,  1871  ;  Eli  Hamaker  and  Wil- 
liam Kulin,  1872;  .Lilin  M  Brandt  and  U.  F.  Stager,  187:!;  S.  H. 
Knrtz  aud  P.  Uelman,  1874  ;  John  B.  Shelly  and  Henry  Garber, 
1875;  S.  N.  Eby  and  H.  F.  Stager,  187H  ;  C.  li.  Kissly  and  S.  H. 
Kurtz,  1877;  A.  Dilliiifer,  B.  Husti'tter  (Iliree  years),  aud  J.  II. 
Uober  (two  years),  1878;  S.  N.  El.y  and  H.  F,  Stag.T,  1879;  A.  F. 
Uuot  and  Joseph  Detwiler,  1880  ;  S.  S.  V.  Lytle  aud  B.  Hosttlter, 
1881  ;  S.  N.  Eby  and  M.  M.  Urubaker,  ISS'i ;  Juaelih  Detwiler  and 
M.  Hininirltimrk,  ISSn. 
Justices  u  I  ;:!t  P  ^^  ■  U^..hV.  T  i.j,  \|ri;  1  ,  ls51  ;  Janiee  Moore, 
Apiil  11      -    :      1  ~      '  '     I    ,  .        ,  r    M.  Martin,  Aj.ril 

10,ls:.i       I       ■     K    I       -     V    :    ,;     1  ■ 1  X.  Shay,  June  10, 

1836;  .1  III  -  l:,:l  .>  M  .  I,  _.,:-..  I,,  i.  Uri'ch,  May  6,  1858; 
0.  M  M;uliu,  April  ■.',  l.-GI;  Jtliu  ir  Ilrii.eman,  Aliril  9,1801; 
Christian  Stholl,  April  9,  1861  ;  Janies  A.  Patterson,  April  14.  ISBa  ; 
EobertMcFadden,  April  14,  1863;  C.  M.  Martin,  April  14,1866;  C. 
W.  JoluiHon,  April  14,  18B6;  George  R.  Hendrickson,  April  14,1868; 
Robert  McFadden,  April  14,  1868;  C.  M.  Martin,  April  14,1871; 
J.  H.  Zeller,  April  14,  1872 ;  Robert  McFadden,  April  14,  1873  ;  F.  A. 
Ricker,  April  14,  1874;  U.  M.  Martin,  April  14,  1876  ;  F.  A.  Eicker, 
April  14,  1876;  John  U.  Zeller,  April  14,  1877;  Rubert  McFadden, 
April  14,  1878  ;  R.  U.  Long,  April  14,  1870  ;  F.  A.  Ricker,  April  14, 
1881;  Robert  McFadden,  April  14,  1883. 

Evangelical   Lutheran   Church    of  the   Holy 

Trinity.— Ori^'iiutlly  tlie  Liulierans  of  this  neigh- 
borhood IbriiR'd  a  part  of  the  JIaytown  congregation, 
but  in  the  year  1827  the  Mount  Joy  members  resolved 
to  form  a  churcli  of  their  own.  They  at  first  met  in 
the  school-house,  but  the  society  increasing  in  size 
they  built  a  cliurch  in  1829  (the  corner-stone  being 
laid  August  15th,  on  which  occasion  there  was  preach- 
.ing  in  both  English  and  German).  The  building 
committee  consisted  of  the  following  persons  :  Samuel 
Dyer,  John  Beard,  Peter  Lindenmuth,  Henry  Walt- 
man.  The  society  was  organized  and  the  church  built 
under  the  pastoral  care  of  Rev.  J.  Frederick  Ruthrautt', 
who  commenced  his  labors  with  the  congregation 
Dec.  15,  1827.  He  remained  as  pastor  until  March 
15,  1832,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  John  H. 
Berneheiin.  After  the  severance  of  his  connection 
with  the  church,  in  1838,  Rev.  P.  Sahm  became  pas- 
tor, and  remained  until  1835.  Since  that  time  to  the 
present  the  pulpit  has  been  filled  by  the  following 
ministers,  viz.:  Rev.  Miller,  1835-38;  L.  Gerhart, 
1838-45;  W.  Heilig,  1845-49  ;  J.  W.  Menges,  1849- 
50 ;  G.  W.  Scheide,  for  period  of  three  months ;  J.  U. 
Christ,  1852-55;  William  G.  Laitzell,  185(i-62;  D.  P. 
Rosenmiller,  six  months,  1865;  a  Committee  of  Con- 
ference, 1SG6-67  ;  J.  W.  Early,  1867-68  ;  F.  )V.  Weis- 
katlin,  1868-73;  G.  H.  Tiabert,  187  3-77;  iT.  J.  H. 
Lamicke,  1877-81.  Since  the  last  date  the  congrega- 
tion has  been  served  by  a  Committee  of  Conference. 

United  Brethren.— As  nearly  as  can  be  ascer- 
tained, there  was  preaching  by  the  United  Brethren 
in  Mount  Joy  as  early  as  1829.  Revs.  Neidig,  Rupp, 
and  the  Lights  (Felix,  John,  and  Casper)  were  for 
year.s  accustomed  to  preach  in  what  was  known  as  tlie 
OKI  lieil  .Sclioiil  hoiif-e,  which  was  used  as  a  preaching- 
phtce  by  a  number  of  ministers  of  ditlerent  denomi- 


nations before  they  had  their  own  churches.  In  1860 
a  class  was  organized  in  Mount  Joy,  with  George 
Geyer  as  leader.  He  kept  up  regular  class-  and 
pyiyer-meetings  for  a  number  of  years.  In  1865-6G, 
Rev.  L.  Peters,  who  was  then  preaching  on  Lancaster 
Circuit,  took  up  a  Sunday  afternoon  appointment  in 
I  the  Lutheran  Church  of  this  place,  aud  thus  prepared 
the  way  for  the  building  of  a  house  of  worship.  Ac- 
I  cordingly  the  Quarterly  Conference  of  Lancaster  Cir- 
cuit assembled  at  Springville  (now  Florin)  May  25, 
1867,  appointed  George  Geyer,  S.  S.  Rover,  George 
Eby,  John  Miller,  and  John  Shroff  as  trustees,  with 
instructions  to  build  a  church  in  Mount  Joy,  in  con- 
formity with  the  discipline  of  the  United  Brethren  in 
Christ.  The  corner-stone  was  laid  July  28,  1867,  by 
Revs.  E.  Light  and  W.  S.  H.  Keys,  D.D.,  and  the 
church  building  dedicated  Jan.  19,  1868,  by  Bishop 
J.  J.  Glosbrenner,  D.D.,  assi.sted  by  E.  Light,  Father 
Stehman,  I.  Carpenter,  and  others.  The  church  edi- 
.  lice  was  erected  under  the  pastorate  of  Revs.  Hack- 
!  man  and  Evers,  at  an  aggregate  cost  of  seven  thousand 
dollars,  about  five  thousanii  dollars  of  which  amount 
I  was  paid  at  the  time  of  dedication  and  the  remainder 
I  in  1875,  during  the  pastorate  of  Rev.  J.  W.  Etter,  at 
I  which  time  the  interior  was  also  refitted  at  consider- 
I  able  expense.  At  the  Annual  Conference  of  IMiS, 
Rev.  D.  0.  Farrell  was  appointed  to  the  circuit  and 
served  one  year,  after  which  Rev.  J.  C.  Mumma  served 
two  years.  At  the  Annual  Conference  held  in  Mount- 
ville.  Pa.,  March  8,  1871,  Mount  Joy  was  constituted 
a  station,  embracing  Strickler's  Church  and  the  town 
tif  Mount  Joy,  and  Rev.  John  Fohl  appointed  the 
pastor  for  one  year.  The  church  was  served  from 
1872  to  1875  byRev.  J.  R.  Meredith,  and  from  1875 
to  1877  by  Rev.  J.  W.  Etter.  In  1876,  Strickler's 
Church  was  detached  from  Mount  Joy  and  united 
with-  Spring  Garden  Circuit.  In  1878  a  i]arsonage 
was  built  adjoining  the  church  at  a  cost  of  about  two 
thousand  five  hundred  dollars,  under  the  pa.storate  of 
Rev.  J.  K.  Fisher.  In  1879,  Rev.  M.  P.  Doyle,  of  the 
Allegheny  Conference,  was  appointed  preacher  Id 
charge  until  1881,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  G. 
W.  M.  Rigor,  who  served  two  years.  The  church, 
since  1868,  has  been  steadily  growing  in  numerical 
strength  and  moral  influence,  and  now  numbers  one 
hundred  and  twelve  members.  Rev.  J.  W.  Etter  is 
the  i)resent  pastor. 

Methodist  Episcopal  Church.'— There  was  a 
classnieeting  oigiinized  here  about  1834,  of  twenty 
members,  of  which  Samuel  Mehlrum  was  the  leader. 
Susquehanna  Mission  was  a  circuit,  of  which  Mount 
Joy  was  one  of  the  appointments,  and  the  years  and 
preachers  as  they  appear  in  the  general  minutes  are 
as  follows:  1836,  T.  B.  Tibbies;  l.S;i7,  T.  B.  Tibbies 
and  J.  A.Watson;  1838,  T.  Kumplion  ;  1839-40,11. 
Sutton;  1841,  J.  Edwards;  1842,  J.  Edwards  and  J. 
H.  Wythe;  1843,  E.  Reed  and  J.  W.  Arthur;  1844, 


MOUNT  JOY    BOROUGH. 


601 


L.  K.  Berridge  and  S.  Pancoast;  in  1845  the  circuit 
was  called  Mount  Joy,  and  the  preachers  were  R.  Mc- 
Naiiiee  and  A.  W.  Milby  ;  in  184G  the  circuit  was 
called  Marietta,  and  the  preacher  was  R.  McNaniee; 
1847-48,  John  Ruth  ;  1849,  R.  M.  Greenbank  ;  1850, 
R.  M.  Greenbank  and  S.  R.  Gillingham  ;  1851,  M.  D. 
Kurtz  and  W.  H.  Burreli  ;  in  1852,  Mount  Joy  be- 
came a  separate  cliarge,  and  G.  W.  Brindle  was 
preacher,  and  in  1853  was  again  appointed  ;  1854,  J. 
T.  Gracey;  1855-56,  Thomas  Montgomery;  1857,  J. 
Cook;  1858,  J.  M.  Wheeler;  1859-GO,  A.  Howard; 
1861,  T.  Kirkpatrick;  1862-63,  O.  W.  Landreth ; 
1864-65,  J.  Stringer;  1866-67,  J.  T.  Miller;  1868,  A. 
Howard;  1869-70,  S.  A.  Heilner;  1871,  J.  Robinson; 
1872-73,  T.  Harrison  ;  1874,  J.  A.  Watson  ;  1875-76, 
J.  Dungan;  1877-78,  M.  Graves;  1879-80,  W.  H. 
Aspril;  1881-82,  C.  Roads;  1883.  Thomas  Mont- 
gomery. 

The  old  church  was  built  in  1837,  and  sold  in  1867. 
The  basement  of  the  brick  church  was  dedicated  Jan. 
12,  1868.  The  whole  edifice  was  completed  and  paid 
for  in  1882,— value  810,000.  Thechurch  waschartered 
Sept.  2,  1867.  The  parsonage,  valued  at  $1500,  on 
the  same  lot  as  the  church,  was  built  in  1877,  and  has 
a  debt  of  $1000. 

The  number  of  members  and  probationers  is  sev- 
enty-five ;    the   Sabbath-school,  si.xteen   officers   and  I 
teachers;  seventy-five  scholars. 

The  official  members  of  the  church  are:  Trustees, 
H.  H.  Mellinger  (president),' W.  H.  Metzgar  (.secre- 
tary), E.  M.  Trexler  (treasurer),  A.  H.  Comp,  W.  C. 
T.  Reed,  A.  B.  Cling,  B.  M.  Root;  Exhorters,  Alex- 
ander Dysart,  H.  H.  Mellinger,  W.  C.  F.  Reed,  J.  T. 
Wilson;  Leader  of  Class  No.  1,  A.  Dysart;  Leader 
of  Classes  Nos.  2  and  3,  pastor;  Sunday-school  Super- 
iutendent,  J.  T.  Wilson. 

,  First  Presbyterian  Church.'— This  church  was 
organized  by  the  Rev.  E.  Phelps,  of  the  Third  Pres- 
bytery of  Philadelphia,  assisted  by  the  Rev.  William 
Ramsey,  of  the  First  Presbytery  of  Philadelphia,  on 
the  1st  day  of  December,  1839,  and  consisted  at  that 
time  of  eighteen  members.  William  D.  Slaymaker 
and  John  H.  Brown  were  elected  as  elders,  and  David 
McNeely  and  Amos  H.  Slaymaker  as  deacons.  Rev. 
James  W.  Phillips,  of  the  Presbytery  of  Winchester, 
waa  unanimously  elected  pastor  Feb.  3,  1840,  (ind  in- 
(talleil  by  the  Presbytery  of  Harrisburg  on  the  19th 
of  June  succeeding.  The  charter  of  the  church  was 
obtained  Aug.  4,  1840,  and  the  present  house  of  wor- 
ship was  erected  that  year.  The  trustees  under  the 
charter,  who  presumably  superintended  the  building, 
were  Joseph  Pinkerloti,  David  McNeely,  Sr.,  Amos 
11.  Slaymaker,  James  W.  Hendrickson,  and  James 
l,iiifd.  Rev.  James  W.  Philli[)s,  the  first  pastor,  re- 
signed his  charge  in  the  sjiring  of  1S41,  and  from  the 
fall  of  that  year  until  February,  1845,  Rev.  H.Loomis 
lerved  as  stated  supply.    Rev. -J.  Miller  was  called  as 

iBy  Mr.  S.  0.  Pinkurlon. 


pastor  in  March,  1845,  and  resigned  in  the  spring  of 
1847,  being  succeeded  by  Rev.  Franklin  Harris  as 
stated  supply  from  1847  to  September,  1850.  Rev. 
J.  L.  Rodgers  was  elected  pastor  in  Jfay,  1852,  in- 
stalled in  November,  and  remained  until  1856.  The 
church  in  1852  was  transferred,  at  its  own  request,  from 
the  care  of  the  Presbytery  of  Harrisburg  to  the  Pres- 
bytery of  Donegal.  In  the  summer  of  the  same  year 
the  church  building  was  removed.  Resuming  the 
succession  of  ministers,  we  find  that  the  Rev.  James 
Smith  was  called  as  pastor  in  1857,  and  resigned  after 
eleven  years'  service,  in  1868.  Tlie  Rev.  John  Edgar 
was  elected  to  fill  his  place  Jan.  13,  1869,  installed  in 
April,  and  resigned  in  April,  1870.  The  Rev.  James 
Campbell  was  given  a  call  in  December,  1870,  but 
after  supplying  the  church  for  three  months  declined 
to  accept  the  call.     From  September,  1871,  to  April, 

1880,  the  church  was  served  by  the  Rev.  W.  B. 
Browne  as  stated  supply.  The  Rev.  C.  B.  Whitcomb 
was  called  as  pastor  in  November,  1880,  installed  in 
April,  1882,  and  the  pastoral  relation  was  dissolved 
by  the  Presbytery  Sept.  28, 1882.  The  Presbytery  the 
same  month  appointed  Rev.  Robert  Gamble  as  stated 
supply  until  the  next  meeting  of  the  Presbytery,  iu 
April,  1883,  when,  on  the  unanimous  request  of  the 
church  and  congregation,  he  was  again  appointed  as 
a  supply  for  six  months.  The  elders  elected  since  the 
organization  of  the  church  have  been  David  McNeely, 
Sr.,  Dr.  A.  Sheller,  E.  F.  Witmer,  Jacob  Staulfer,  Rev. 
N.  Dodge,  Thomas  G.  Wright,  S.  C.  Pinkerton,  and 
John  McFarland.  Three  of  the  elders  died  while 
members  of  the  session,  viz.,  David  McNeely,  Sr., 
Rev.  N.  Dodge,  and  Dr.  A.  Sheller.  John  H.  Browne, 
William  D.  Slaymaker,  Jacob  Stauffer,  and  E.  F. 
AVMtmer,  having  removed  from  the  bounds  of  the 
church  and  received  their  certificates  of  membership, 
ceased  to  act  as  elders.  The  present  officers  of  the 
church  are  Rev.  Robert  Gamble,  stated  supply  and 
moderator  of  sessions ;  Thomas  G.  Wright,  S.  C.  Pink- 
erton, and  John  McFarland,  elders.  The  trustees 
are  John  Pinkerton,  John  McFarland,  S.  C.  Pinker- 
ton,  Simon  J.  Eby,  and  S.  S.  P.  Lytle. 

The  Evangelical  Church.— The  first  book  of 
records  of  this  church  has  been  lost,  but  the  deed  of 
the  lot  on  which  its  house  of  worship  stands  shows 
that  it  was  bought  Oct.  13,  1843,  of  D.  Maurer. 
The  trustees  of  the  church  at  that  time  must  have 
been  David  Grissinger  and  Lewis  Halmler,  of  Rich- 
land (by  which  name  the  western  portion  of  what  is 
now  this  borough  was  called),  and  C.  Hannebeger,  of 
Mount  Joy  township,— at  least  they  were  the  persons 
to  whom  the  pro[)erty  was  deeded.  The  same  year 
that  this  lot  was  purchased,  Rev.  John  Hensel  then 
being  pastor,  a  church  edifice  was  erected.  This  was 
used  for  thirty-seven  years,  or  until  1880,  when  the 
present  structure  was  built.  It  was  dedicated  by 
Rev.  W.  H.  llershey  July  25th,  and  since  July  25, 

1881,  the  society  which  w<irshiiis  in  it  has  been  served 
by  the  present  pastor.  Rev.  J.  W.  Hoover. 


602 


HISTORY  OF  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


St.  Mary's  Catholic  Church.— There  being  no 
Catholic  Church  in  Mount  Joy,  the  Rev.  Anthony  F. 
Kaul,  rector  of  St.  Anthony's  Church,  Lancaster, 
tooli  measures  in  the  spring  of  1879  to  organize  a 
congregation  with  the  few  families  located  tliere  and 
in  the  immediate  vicinity. 

He  selected  the  lots  corner  of  David  and  New 
Haven  Streets,  and  purchased  the  same  from  Henry 
Garber  for  four  hundred  and  fifty  dollars.  He  erected 
a  two  story  brick  building  thirty-six  by  forty  feet,  of 
which  the  first  floor  is  used  as  a  chapel,  and  the  sec- 
ond is  a  hall  divided  into  rooms  suitable  for  scliool 
and  parochial  residence. 

For  two  years  it  was  attended  by  Rev.  A.  Kaul, 
then  the  Rev.  Charles  McMonigle  attended  for  one 
year,  and  now  Rev.  Jules  Foin,  of  Elizabethtown,  lias 
charge. 

Schools.' — The  e-xcelience  of  the  public  schools  the 
borough  of  Mount  Joy  now  enjoys  had  its  inception  in 
the  old  log  school-house,  which  is  known  as  the  East 
Ward  Bell  school-liouse.  It  was  built  in  1817,  on 
the  southern  terminus  of  what  is  now  called  Barbara 
Street.  In  the  little  village  of  Riclilandj  now  a  part 
of  IMount  Joy,  nine  years  later,  in  1826,  was  founded 
by  subscription  Richland  Academy.  This  school 
flourished  several  years,  and  at  the  same  time  the 
building  was  used  as  a  church  by  different  denom- 
inations of  the  community.  Later  Richland  Acad- 
emy building  was  used  for  a  public  school,  known 
as  the  West  Ward  Bell.  At  that  time  Mount 
Joy  had  the  East  and  the  West  Ward  Bel!  school- 
houses  and  three  primary  schools, — one  in  the  little 
brick  building  near  the  IMount  Joy  Academy,  a 
second  in  the  brick  school-liouse  on  Cemetery  road, 
and  another  in  the  frame  house  on  West  Donegal 
Street.  In  1855  the  West  Ward  Bell  School  was  or- 
ganized into  a  high  school,  the  East  Ward  Bell  and 
the  brick  school-house  on  Cemetery  road  being 
used  for  secondary  schools.  Another  primary  school 
about  ten  years  later  was  established  in  the  Council 
chamber  on  Market  Street.  In  these  buildings  the 
schools  wereconducted  until  ^March,  1873.  For  a  de- 
cade prior  to  this  time  the  old  log  and  frame  build- 
ings were  in  a  dilapidated  condition.  There  was 
a  crying  demand  for  more  suitable  accommoda- 
tions. After  a  long-continued  agitation  a,  fir^e  school- 
building  was  erected  on  a  central  site,  which  com- 
mands a  fine  view  in  any  direction.  It  is  a  two 
and  a  half  story  building  of  brick,  erected  at  a  cost, 
including  heating  apparatus,  furniture,  and  ground, 
at  upwards  of  twenty  thousand  dollars.  The  build- 
ing, which  can  accommodate  four  hundred  children, 
is  admirably  adapted  for  them  in  every  particular. 
The  dcdgn  and  its  execution  reflects  credit  on  Archi- 
tect Albert  N.  Dabb  and  H.  H.  Nissley,  builder, 
and  equally  creditable  is  it  to  the  board  of  directors, 
Messrs.  John  Pinkerton,  Benjamin  Hostetter,  P.  A. 


1  By  J.  B.  HIppIo 


Pyle,  Peter  Brunner,  A.  D.  Hostetter,  and  Benjailiin 
Root,  during  whose  administration  the  school-hous* 
was  erected. 

•In  March,  1873,  the  schools  were  transferred  tothii 
building,  and  for  the  remainder  of  the  term  the 
schoofs  were  conducted  by  the  same  teachers  who 
taught  in  the  old  buildings.  In  the  fall  of  1873  the 
organization  of  the  schools  was  completed  by  in- 
creasing the  number  of  primary  schools  from  three  to 
four.  The  corps  of  teachers  embraced  seven,  in- 
cluding the  principal,  Mr.  Douglass  Patterson,  of 
Princeton  College,  class  of  1852.  Under  his  efficient' 
supervision  the  schools  reached  a  high  standard  of 
excellence.  At  one  time  there  were  attending  the 
high  school  ten  pupils,  who,  the  following  winter, 
commenced  to  teach  in  the  public  schools  in  variout 
parts  of  the  county.  Of  the  schools  one  who  is  com-| 
petent  to  judge,  County  Superintendent  B.  F.  Shaub, 
in  his  annual  report,  said,  "  All  the  schools  of  Mount 
Joy  borough  were  in  very  good  condition.  An  exam- 
ination of  the  work  of  these  schools,  now  on  exhibitioo' 
in  Pennsylvania  Educational  Hall,  will  convince  any 
one  of  ihe  neatness,  thoroughness,  general  excellence, 
and  extended  scope  of  the  same."  '; 

Among  the  names  of  the  educators  who  are  prom- 
inently identified  with  the  school  history  of  Mount 
Joy  are  Rev.  N.  Dodge,  A.M.,  E.  L.  Moore,  David 
Denlinger,  Matthew  Marble,  D.  M.  JIartin,  and  Doug.' 
lass  Patterson. 

Rev.  Dodge  established  Cedar  Hill  Female  Semi, 
nary  in  1837.  Young  ladies  from  eleven  difterent 
States  attended  this  institution.  The  name  of  the 
school  was  changed  to  Cedar  Hill  Seminary  in  1874, 
when  Professor  D.  Denlinger  took  charge  of  the 
school,  instructing  pupils  of  both  sexes.  It  is  now 
a  defunct  institution. 

In  1838,  J.  H.  Brown  founded  the  Mount  Joy  In 
stitute  for  boys.     Tliis  school  is  not  in  operation. 

Mount  Joy  .Academy  was  chartered  in  1851.  E.  L 
Moore  and  J.  \V.  Simonton  were  associate  principals. 
This  building  is    now   used   for  a  soldiers'  orphans' 

Mount    Joy    Soldiers'    Orphans'    School.— The 

friendless  condition  of  two  soldiers'  orphans,  clad  in 
rags  and  timidly  asking  for  bread  at  the  Executive 
mansion,  Harrisburg,  on  Thanksgiving-day,  1863,  in 
spired  the  patriotic  soul  of  the  old  "  War  Governor" 
with  the  idea  of  founding  homes  and  asylums  to 
adopt  and  educate  at  the  State's  expense  the  children 
of  her  fallen  dead.  The  grand  thought  of  Curtin, 
directed  by  his  untiring  energy  and  stalwart  policy, 
prepared  the  press  and  the  public  to  receive  and  or 
ganize  his  beneficent  scheme  of  placing  the  destitute 
and  fatherless  under  the  State's  providence,  ll 
hailed  as  a  promise  to  the  soldier  redeemed.  His  wife 
and  little  ones  would  be  protected,  and  the  loyal  heart 
of  the  old  "  Keystone"  would  dedicate  to  her  fallen 
sons  a  beautiful  temple  of  justice,  not  chantij,  for  her 
widows  and  orphans. 


MOUNT  JOY   BOROUGH. 


603 


•  Professor  J.  P.  Wickersham,  then  principal  of  the 
State  Normal  School  at  Millersville,  was  requested  to 
prepare  a  bill  embodying  the  leading  ideas  and  fea- 
tures of  the  system,  which  was  to  be  laid  before  the 
Legislature.  The  carefully-prepared  bill  of  Wicker- 
thani,  after  many  lengthy  discussions,  was  curtailed 
to  a  special  enactment  instructing  the  Governor  to 
ipprnpriate  the  fifty  thousand  dollar  donation  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company  to  the  State  for  the 
Use  and  protection  of  the  soldier's  widow  and  child. 
On  the  I6th  of  June,  1864,  Hon.  Thomas  H.  Burrowes, 
LL.D.,  was  commissioned  superintendent  of  soldiers' 
orphans  and  requested  to  continue  the  good  work. 
The  several  features  of  the  defeated  bill  were  incor- 
porated in  the  scheme  of  Burrowes  and  presented  to 
the  Executive.  It  received  his  approval,  and  became 
the  basis  of  future  operations.  Homes  were  secured 
In  the  various  sections  of  the  State.  The  Old 
Guard  opened  its  doors,  through  Professor  J.  R. 
Carothera,  at  Strasburg,  in  November  of  the  same 
year.  His  school  was  formally  opened  on  the  20th 
of  December,  1864.  But  the  accommodations  being 
Inadequate,  the  academy  buildings  at  Mount  Joy  were 
purchased  of  Professor  E.  L.  Moore,  A.M.,  and  the 
ilxty-four  orphans  in  attendance  transferred  thither 
during  the  annual  vacation  of  1865.  This  vacation 
began  July  28th  and  ended  September  4lh. 

The  change  from  Strasburg  to  Mount  Joy  not  only 
lecured  better  facilities  to  the  school,  but  was  an  ad- 
vantage to  it  in  other  respects.  Its  location  was  now 
t  most  desirable  one.  In  a  small  rural  town,  beanti- 
ftilly  situated,  healthful  in  climate  and  environments, 
possessing  excellent  railroad  conveniences,  in  prox- 
imity to  Lancaster  and  Harrisburg,  and  reputed  for 
the  large  number  of  its  excellent  citizens  were  cer- 
tainly all  that  taste  and  comfort  could  desire.  The 
building,  a  three-story  substantial  stone  structure, 
with  two-story  structures  of  same  material  on  east  and 
west  sides,  presented  an  inviting  appearance.  This 
edifice  is  still  occupied,  and  has  a  beautiful  yard  in 
front,  laid  out  in  walks  and  shaded  with  trees. 

The  institution  continued  under  the  management 
of  Curothers.  Additions  were  made  to  buildings, 
•nd  the  number  of  pupils  were  steadily  increasing. 
Principal  Carothers,  however,  did  not  satisfy  the  State 
iolliorities  in  his  supervision.  A  change  fnis  con- 
templated by  the  school  department.  Finally  Pro- 
fessor Jesse  Kennedy,  then  principal  of  the  McAlister- 
fille  S.  0.  School,  was  prevailed  upon  to  purchase 
the  property  at  Mount  Joy  and  assume  control  of 
that  school.  lie  took  possession  on  the  1st  day  of 
December,  1867. 

The  reputation  of  Kennedy  inspired  [mhlic  confi- 
dence, rlis  elHcicnt  administraliun  attracted  children 
to  the  school  until  there  were  in  attendance  nearly 
three  hundred  pupils.  Improvements  were  made  in 
yards  and  buildings,  requiring  large  expenditures  of 
money.  The  institTution  rapidly  rose  in  rank  to  a  po-  [ 
iltion  among  the  best  of  the  State.  I 


The  various  departments  of  the  school  were  organ- 
ized under  a  code  of  thorough  system  in  this  admin- 
istration, and  the  disciidine  characterized  by  strict 
conformity  to  the  method  and  practice  of  parental 
authority  in  the  old  New  England  home.  During 
the  ten  years  Mr.  Kennedy  was  principal  of  this 
school  he  educated  and  schooled  for  the  active  duties 
of  life  quite  a  number  of  young  men  and  women, 
whose  life  and  inrtuence  have  been  an  honorable  tes- 
timony of  his  careful  training  and  instruction. 

Congressional  aspirations  induced  Kennedy  to  ne- 
gotiate with  Senator  George  W.  Wright,  of  Mercer 
County,  Pa.,  for  the  sale  of  the  school  property.  It  was 
bought,  and  Senator  Wright  took  possession  in  Sep- 
tember, 1877.  The  change  was  again  a  fortunate  one. 
The  new  proprietor  combined  with  keen  executive 
ability  a  long  and  successful  experience  in  schools  of 
this  kind.  He  fully  understood  the  wants  and  neces- 
sities and  wisely  anticipated  the  wishes  of  his  stu- 
dents. The  comfort  and  happiness  of  the  children 
were  made  prominent  features.  A  home  feeling  was 
created  that  moulded  a  sentiment  for  this  institution 
among  officials  and  the  public  as  "a  pleasant  and 
happy  children's  home."  New  pupils  were  admitted, 
swelling  the  attendance  to  three  hundred  and  thirty- 
five,  the  maximum,  and  averaging  through  the  en- 
suing years  to  the  present  about  three  hundred  per 
annum.  A  two-story  frame  building  was  erected  ; 
play-rooms  for  inclement  weather  built;  pipes  con- 
ducting water  from  the  town  reservoir  were  laid  and 
distributed  to  the  various  departments  ;  other  changes 
were  made  calculated  to  strengthen  the  comfort  and 
convenience  of  the  institution  ;  a  milder  policy  in  the 
general  discipline  of  the  school  was  inaugurated,  and 
a  new  era  dawned  upon  its  already  prosperous  record. 
Happy  days  and  a  contented  spirit  prevailed  among 
the  wards,  time  sped  unconsciously,  and  warmest 
words  were  spoken  by  its  occupants. 

Among  the  i)cincipal  instructors  employed  from  its 
foundation  were  I.  M.  Gable,  from  1869  to  1872,  now 
a  minister  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church ; 
George  G.  Kunkle,  three  years  principal  teacher,  and 
now  superintendent  public  schools,  Bethlehem,  Pa.; 
George  W.  Geiger,  two  years,  uow  engaged  in  some 
Western  business;  Joseph  M.  Martin,  from  1877  to 
spring  of  1880,  now  financial  clerk  of  firm  of  William- 
son &  Foster,  Lancaster,  Pa.;  M.J.  Brecht,  from  1880 
to  fall  of  1883,  now  superintendent  of  public  schools 
Lancaster  County  ;  and  J.  li.  Hi|)ple,  a  young  man 
of  recognized  proles^imial  merit,  its  present  principal 
and  educator. 

Col.  Wright  has  continued  as  the  able  manager  of 
the  home.  While  engrossed  in  various  business  in- 
terests', he  ever  jealously  guarded  the  trust  rnntidcil  to 
his  charge.  Hundreils  have  gone  out  from  his  fos- 
tering care  to  combat  with  life's  difticulties  to  achieve 
honor  and  distinction.  A  brief  resume  of  the  inner' 
life  in  the  iii^tiluliuii  under  the  senator's  administra- 
tion will  Kive  the  reader  a  more  intelligent  idea  of 


604 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


the  nature  and  object  of  these  schools.  The  boys 
wear  a  full  blue  cadet  uniform,  with  State  buttons, 
while  the  girls  are  well  dressed  in  neat  modern  styles 
of  flannel  and  Gerster  goods.  Personal  cleanliness  is 
tau<rlit,  and  all  the  children  receive  regularly  an  entire. 
bath  once  a  week.  The  industrial  training  receives 
marked  attention.  Every  child  obtains  daily  practice 
in  the  regular  routine  labor  of  domestic  and  farm 
work.  The  girls  are  taught  to  sew  by  hand  and  ma- 
chine, to  cut  and  fit  ordinary  clothing,  to  do  fancy 
work,  to  handle  the  flat'-iron  as  well  as  the  pen  or 
drawing-pencil. 

In  moral  and  religious  culture,  the  child  has  been 
taught  to  appreciate  the  beautiful  in  life,  the  excel- 
lent in  character.  Sabbath-school  has  been  held  in 
the  home  every  Sabbath.  Church  attendance  is  en- 
joined as  a  regular  Sabbath  duty.  Worship,  accom- 
panied by  scriptural  talks,  has  been  held  regularly 
morning  and  evening  in  the  chapel. 

Visitors  are  always  welcome.  Each  department  is 
thrown  open  to  public  inspection  every  day.  The 
management  encourage  visits,  as  shown  by  the  royal 
way  it  takes  care  of  them  while  guests.  Military  in- 
struction is  given  the  boys  daily.  They  must  master 
the  evolutions  of  army  discipline,  together  with  the 
manual  of  arms. 

The  Mount  Joy  school  enjoys  the  esteem  of  the 
intelligent  community  in  which  it  is  located,  and 
stands  liigh  in  the  atlections  of  the  orphans  and  their 
mothers.  It  has  done  and  is  doing  a  noble  work,  of 
which  the  State  may  be  justly  proud. 

Banking. — The  first  financial  establi-lnnent  in  the 
borough  was  the  Mount  Joy  Savings  Institution,  which 
was  incorporated  in  1853.  By  a  su|)plement  to  its 
charter  this  was  made,  in  18G0,  the  Mount  Joy  Bank, 
and  in  1865  it  was  organized,  under  the  national 
banking  law,  with  the  name  Union  National  Mount 
Joy  Bank.  At  the  time  of  the  original  organiz  ition, 
in  1853,  Henry  Eberle  was  made  president  and  An- 
drew Gerber  secretary  and  treasurer.  In  1860,  J.  G. 
Hoerner  was  elected  president,  and  in  18(35  he  was 
re  elected,  and  still  holds  the  ofBce.  Jacob  R.  Long, 
the  present  cashier,  has  held  that  position  since  1856. 
Originally  the  capital  of  the  bank  was  i^jO.OOO,  and  it 
is  now  ;?1 25,000. 

Manufacturing  forms,  in  proportion  to  the  size  of 
the  town,  quite  an  extensive  industry.  The  earliest 
enterprises  in  this  line  were  of  the  kind  common  to 
all  villages,  wagon-making  and  blacksinitliing.  The 
earliest  manufacture  of  other  character  than  these 
was  that  undertaken  by  one  Brady,  who  early  in  the 
twenties  began  making  a.^es  upon  a  small  scale.  The 
business  was  subsequently  carried  on  by  his  sons,  who 
enliir!;erl  it  and  for  a  time  were  very  successful,  but 
finally  abandoned  the  industry  when  larger  works  in 
other  localities  came  into  competition  with  them. 
Following  are  brief  notes  upon  the  most  important 
of  the  present  manlifactories  : 

The  agricultural  implement   works  conducted  by 


Messrs.  Marsh  &  Comp  were  established  in  1853  by  e' 
stock  company.  In  1857-58,  Marsh  Brothers  came  in 
p(j.ssession  of  the  works,  and  carried  it  on  until  1872, 
when  they  were  succeeded  by  John  A.  Grier.  He  in 
turn  was  succeeded  by  llie  present  firm  in  1876.  Thi« 
firm  has* materially  enlarged  its  facilities  for  manu- 
facturing, and  has  several  extensive  buildings,  in 
which  about  thirty  men  are  employed.  They  manu- 
facture improved  mowers  and  reapers,  land-rollen, 
separators,  portable  engines,  and  other  heavy  ma- 
chinery, i 
Another  large  manufactory  of  farm  machinery  il 
carried  on  by  the  firm  of  Geyer  &  Metzler,  which  . 
grew  out  of  and  is  the  commercial  descendant  of  John 
Snyder,  who  began  the  manufacture  of  edge-tools  in 
Mount  Joy  about  1848,  and  five  years  later  entered 
upon  the  manufacture  of  threshing-machines,  liorse- 
powers,  etc.  In  1872  the  firm  of  Walgemuth  &  Geyer 
was  formed,  and  continued  the  business  up  to  the 
I  death  of  the  senior  partner  in  1876.  The  present 
!  partnership  was  formed  in  1881,  and  the  manufacture 
of  reapers,  mowers,  threshing-machines,  separators, 
horse-powers,  engines,  and  boilers  continued  and 
I  enlarged. 

I       The  Mount  Joy  Roller  Process  Flouring-Mills,  con- 
I  ducted  by  Brandt  &  Manning,  were  erected  in  1855 
I  by  Gabriel   Bear.     J.  j\l.  Brandt  rented   the   mill  in 
1867,  and  purchased  it  in  1873.     In  1881  he  took  Mr. 
Jlanning  into  partnership,  and  very  soon  thereafter 
tlie   Hungarian  jirocess  rollers  were  substituted  for 
the  old-fashioned  burrs.     This  necessitated  an  addi- 
tion to  the  original  mill,  which  is  substantially  built 
of  stone,  four  stories  in  height,  and  covering  an  area 
forty-five  by  fifty  feet.     In   1882  a  Chase  (Chicago) 
elevator  was  erected,  which  affords  storage  room  for 
I  upwards  of  twenty-five  thousand  bushels  of  grain. 
j  Fifteen  men  are  employed,  and  a  seventy-five  horaa- 
:  power  engine  is  used  to  proi)el  the  machinery.     The 
I  output  of  this  luill  is  about  one  hundred  and  fifty 
barrels  per  day.  ., 

The  Landis  Coach-Works,  one  of  the  most  impo> 
taut  manufacturing  establishments  in  the  borough, 
employing  about  twenty-five  men,  and  turning  out 
excellent  work  upon  an  extensive  scale,  are  carried  on 
by  A.  B.  Landis.  The  works  were  established  by 
i  Christian  Landis,  in  1824,  in  East  Hempfield,  and 
removed  to  Mount  Joy  in  1858  by  the  present  pro- 
jirietor,  who  succeeded  his  father  in  1843.  Mr.  Landis 
has  a  very  large  Soutliern,  as  well  as  Northern,  patron- 
age, and  his  manufactory  is  constantly  run  to  its 
fullest  capacity. 

D.  Root,  Son  &  Co.  are  engaged  in  the  manufacture 
of  plows,  cultivators,  corn-planters,  corn-shellers, 
shovel-plows,  harrows,  etc.  The  business  was  com- 
menced at  Bird-in-Hand,  in  1851,  by  1).  Root,  and 
removed  to  Mount  Joy  in  1868.  Mr.  B.  M.  Root  wag 
admitted  to  a  partnership  at  that  time.  In  1877  the 
firm  was  reorganized,  it  then  being  composed  of  B. 
M.,  A.  F.,  and  A.  B.  Root.     In  the  fall  of  1881,  A.  F. 


MOUNT  JOY   BOROUGH. 


605 


Root's  interest  was  triinsferred  to  A.  D.  Root,  and  the 
present  partnership  was  thus  formed.     This  firm  has  | 
a  building  of  .stone,  tliree  stories  liigh,  and  sixty  by  I 
twenty-five  feet  in  extent,  and  several  otliers  aggre- 
gating several  times  that  area.      Tlie  buildings  are 
supplied  with  the  best  machinery,  and  it  is  driven  by  j 
a  seventy-five  horse-power  engine. 

Tlie  Jlount  Joy  Gray  Iron  Casting  Company  was 
founded  in  1881  ibr  the  manufacture  of  H.  S.  Stauf-  j 
fer's  patent  post  support  and  Sholl's  reversible  blind  ' 
and  sliutter  drop-hinge.     Other  specialties  were  af- 
terwards added    until  a  full  line  of  small  hardware  j 
articles  and  toys  were  produced.     The  business  was  I 
originally  established  by  Mr.  Stauffer,  and  Mr.  S.  N. 
Eby  afterwards  became  a  partner.    The  works  employ 
about  twenty-five  men,  are  supplied  with  a  twenty 
horse-power  engine,  and  liave  a  melting  cupola  (jf 
three  tons  capacity.  i 

The  Mount  Joy  Malt-House,  owned  by  Philip 
Frank,  employs  twelve  men  in  the  manufacture  of 
superior  malt  from  Canadian  barley.  The  proprietor 
began  buying  and  selling  grain  on  a  small  scale  in 
1856,  and  entered  his  present  line  of  business  in  1858. 
His  malt  obtained  such  a  reputation  that  he  was  soon 
obliged  to  erect  the  building  which  he  now  occupies, 
containing  five  floors,  and  covering  a  space  forty  by 
one  hundred  and  seventy-four  feet. 

Furniture  was  manufactured  in  Mount  Joy  many 
years  ago  by  Martin  Spickler.  He  was  bought  out 
in  1874  by  D.  H.  Engle,  who,  having  enlarged  the 
facilities  for  manufacturing,  is  now  doing  an  exten- 
sive business. 

■  The  Press.— The  Mount  Joy  Herald,  which  is  the 
lending  journal  of  the  town,  is  one  of  the  oldest  news- 
papers in  Lancaster  County  outside  of  the  city.  It 
was  originated  in  1854  by  Frank  H.  Stauffer,  who  is 
now  a  popular  writer  of  fiction.  In  18G3,  J.  R.  Hof- 
fer,  the  present  owner  and  publisher,  bouglit  it  from 
Mr.  Slaufl'er,  assuming  active  control  in  March  of 
that  year.  It  was  started  as  a  four-column  folio,  but 
soon  enlarged  to  a  six-column  folio.  With  the  ex- 
ception of  widening  tlie  columns  to  thirteen  and  a 
half  ems  primer,  Mr.  Hoffer  published  the  Herald  in 
the  same  size  and  form  until  1880,  when  he  supplied 
the  ottice  with  a  cylinder  press  and  steam-power,  and 
enlarged  the  paper  to  an  eight-column  foli((.  Tlie 
rierald  is  and  ever  has  been  Republican  iu  politics, 
and  is  a  valuable  local  journal  ably  conducted. 

The  Star  and  News,  as  its  name  implies,  is  the  prod- 
uct of  a  consolidation  of  two  newspapers.  These 
were  the  Milton  Grove  JVews  and  the  Mount  Joy  Star. 
The  latter  paper  was  originally  published  in  Master- 
nonville,  on  the  8th  of  November,  1872,  by  David 
Coiirlney  and  Josejih  Stigler,  and  was  a  five-column 
folio.  Mr.  Courtney  retired,  and  Mr.vStigler  removed 
the  paper  to  this  place  in  April,  1873,  where  it  was 
rechristened  the  Mount  Joy  Star,  and  soon  transferred 
h)  L.  M.  and  Harry  Gallagher,  whose  names  first  :\\>- 
peared  at  its  column  head  on  May  14tli.     One  year 


later  Harry  Gallagher  retired,  L.  M.  Gallagher  re-- 
maining  as  editor  and  L.  D.  Gallagher  becoming  pro- 
prietor. The  paper  at  this  time  was  enlarged  to  seven 
colunyis,  and  during  the  year  L.  M.  Gallagher  became 
proprietor.  In  January,  1878,  L.  D.  Gallagher  be- 
came the  publisher,  and  Milton  M.  Leib  the  editor. 
The  other  branch  of  the  paper  was  started  March  20, 
1875,  by  J.  R.  Missemer  and  S.  L.  Brandt,  under  the 
title  of  the  MUton  Grove  News,  with  J.  J.  Sprenger, 
of  Lancaster,  as  publisher.  After  one  year's  life  it 
was  suspended,  but  was  revived  Nov.  23,  1876,  by  J. 
R.  Missemer,  editor  and  proprietor.  The  papers  were 
merged  in  1879  under  the  title  as  given  at  the  outset 
of  this  paragraph.  It  has  since  been  conducted  by 
J.  R.  Missemer,  and  of  late  changed  from  the  old 
form  to  a  six-column  quarto. 

Water-Works  add  to  the  attractiveness  of  the 
town  as  a  place  of  residence.  They  were  built  in 
1873-74  by  tlie  borough,  the  action  having  been  au- 
thorized by  a  vote  taken  in  1872.  The  borough  se- 
cured water-supply  and  water-power  by  purchasing 
the  old  Hiestand  mill,  on  Little  Chikis  Creek.  Tlie 
water  is  forced  from  here  to  a  large  reservoir  on  the 
ridge  by  the  Mount  Joy  Cemetery,  whence  it  flows 
through  mains  to  nearly  all  parts  of  the  town,  afford- 
ing an  efl'ective  means  for  fighting  fire,  as  well  as  for 
sprinkling  the  streets  and  grass-plats.  The  cost  of 
the  works,  with  the  mill,  was  forty  thousand  dollars. 
The  building  committee  consisted  of  Samuel  Kurtz, 
William  Kuhn,  and  John  M.  Brandt.  From  the  first 
^Villiam  Kuhn  has  been  superintendent,  and  he  is  at 
present  in  that  office. 

Gas-Works  were  constructed  in  1879  by  a  char- 
tered cor|ioration  organized  by  T.  S.  C.  Lowe.  IMost 
of  the  business  houses  and  some  residences  are  lighted 
by  the  medium  which  these  works  luniisli,  but  the 
consumption  is  not  large. 

Friendship  Fire  Company,  No.  1,  was  organized 
Jan.  27,  18G8.  The  ofiicers  then  elected  were  :  Presi- 
dent, Henry  Shatfner;  Vice-Presidents,  H.  B.  Dun- 
lap,  John  k.  Grier;  Secretary,  F.  A.  Ricker;  Assist- 
ant Secretary,  J.  E.  Hotter;  Treasurer,  A.  B.  Landis; 
Chief  Engineer,  R.  P.  Kelly;  Assistant  Engineers, 
M.  Himelspark,  Aaron  Smaling,  Henry  H.  Kriner, 
W.  F.  Brown,  Henry  S.  Coover,  James  F.  Youtz, 
George  Buckius,  Jr.;  Chief  Hose  Director,  Robert 
Whitehead  ;  Assistant  Hose  Directors,  F.  G.  Pennell, 
William  McNeal,  Jr.,  J.  G.  Metzger,  Henry  Peffer, 
Albert  Gulp,  Jonas  E.  Risser,  W.  H.  H.  Gillums; 
Investigating  Committee,  J.  W.  Gilbert,  A.  B.  Gulp, 
H.  H.  Kriner;  Trustees,  William  Brady,  Charles  C. 
Marsh,  John  Hiidebrand  ;  Collector,  Jacob  Shelley; 
]\Iessenger,  Col.  F.  E.  Nagle.  The  members  who  or- 
ganized-the  company  on  the  27th  day  of  .Tanuary,  18(38, 
were  Henry  Shaflner,  H.  H.  Duiilap,  John  A.  Grier, 
F.  A.  Ricker,  J.  E.  Hoffer,  A.  B.  Landis,  R.  P.  Kelly, 
W.  F.  Brown,  Henry  S.  Coover,  James  F.  Youtz, 
Michael  Hiiiielsiiark,  Aaron  Smaling,  Henry  H.  Kri- 
ner, George  Buckius,  Robert  Whitehead,  F.  G.  Pen- 


HISTORY   OF  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


nell,  William  McNeal,  Jr.,  J.  G.  Metzger,  Henry  Pef- 
fer,  Albert  Gulp,  Jonas  E.  Risser,  A.  B.  Gulp,  W.  H.  | 
H.  Giliums,  John  W.  Gilbert,  Jacob  Shelley,  John  j 
Hildebrand,  Harry  H.  Nissley,  Jerry  Hagy,  William  i 
Brady,  John  L.  Gates,  J.  V.  Long,  W.  R.  Hartman, 
A.  S.  Brady,  J.  T.  Miles,  Owen  P.  Bricker,  William 
G.  Grier,  Stephen  J.  Owens,  Peter  Waltz,  Gharles  C. 
Marsh,  Harrison  Helman,  John  Fenstermaclier,  Cu- 
vier  Spangler,  Lewis  Grogg,  L.  D.  Gallagher,  J.  D. 
Good,  H.  ShoU,  Col.  F.  E.  Nagle,  M.  P.  Seltzer,  John 
A.  Huber,  Samuel  Riddle,  Michael  Drabenstadt, 
James  Bell,  A.  B.  Welsh,  J.  S.  Welsh,  Henry  Hel- 
man, Jacob  S.  Garter,  B.  M.  Greider,  John  H.  Dula- 
bon,  S.  Donavan,  A.  K.  Martin,  Jacob  Fenstermaclier, 
Samuel  Kurtz,  Philip  A.  Pyle, -Levi  Ricksecker,  H. 
Austin  Brady. 

The  membership  at  present  is  the  same  in  numbers 
a.s  it  was  at  the  date  of  organization.  The  company 
is  supported  by  an  annual  appropriation  from  the 
borough  Council ;  has  a  good  first-class  Button  & 
Blake  hand-engine,  which,  however,  has  been  in  dis- 
use since  1875,  as  a  pressure  sufficient  to  throw  water 
over  any  house  in  town  is  placed  on  the  pipes  direct 
from  the  water-works  in  time  of  fire. 

The  present  oflicers  are:  President,  Levi  Rick- 
secker; Vice-Presidents,  M.  Hinielspark  and  Peter 
Waltz;  Secretary,  F.  G.  Pennell ;  Treasurer,  Philip 
A.  Pyle;  Chief  Engineer,  S.  M.  Warner;  GhitfHose 
Director,  M.  Hinielspark. 

Casiphia  Lodge,  No.  551,  P.  and  A.  M.— This 
lodge  was  constituted  Sept.  21,  1877,  with  eighteen 
charter  members.  The  first  officers  were  J.  V.  Long, 
W.  M. ;  Rev.  William  B.  Brown,  S.  W.  ;  R.  N.  Long, 
J.  W.  Meetings  are  held  Friday,  on  or  before  the 
full  moon  of  each  month,  in  a  room  over  Philip 
Pyle's  drug-store  expressly  fitted  up  for  Masonic 
purposes.  The  present  number  of  members  is  forty- 
nine,  and  the  lodge  is  in  excellent  financial  condition. 
The  present  officers  are  Henry  N.  Nissley,  W.  M. ; 
Dr.  James  P.  Zeigler,  S.  W. ;  Henry  L.  Stager,  J.  W. ; 
and  William  M.  Speva,  Treas. 

Mount  Joy  Lodge,  No.  277,  L  0.  of  0.  F.— This 
lodge  was  chartered  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Penn- 
sylvania, Nov.  7,  1847.  Its  first  officers  were:  N.  G., 
John  Kolp;  V.  G.,  Robert  Dysart ;  Sec,  Jacob  L. 
Nagle;  Asst.  Sec,  John  L.  Long;  Treas.,  John  Pat- 
terson. The  present  officers  are:  N.  G.,  J.  B.  Hippie; 
V.  G.,  Harrison  Helman;  Sec,  F.  G.  Pennell;  Asst. 
Sec,  C.  M.  Hershey;  Treas.,  Levi  Ricksecker;  Trus- 
tees, J.  V.  Long,  William  Kuhn,  and  C.  M.  Hershey. 
The  present  number  of  members  is  sixty-three.  The 
lodge  meets  on  Tuesday  evening  of  each  week  in  a 
well-furnished  hall ;  pays  to  its  sick  or  disabled  mem- 
bers five  dollars  per  week  benefits,  one  hundred  dol- 
lars on  the  death  of  a  member,  and  fifty  dollars  on 
the  death  of  a  member's  wife.  The  lodge  has  at  the 
present  time  a  well-invested  fund  of  over  five  thou- 
sand dollars. 
Cave  Lodge,  No.  301,  K.  of  P.— This  lodge  was 


I 


instituted  June  22,  1871.  The  officers  then  elected' 
were :  V.  P.,  W.  S.  Bruckart ;  W.  G.,  Joseph  A. 
Schlegelmilch  ;  V.  C.,  M.  M.  Brub.aker;  R.  S.,  J. 
Vernor  Long  ;  F.  S.,  J.  W.  Roland  ;  Banker,  B.  F. 
Eberle;  Guide,  Harry  Sholl ;  I.  S.,  Henry  B.  Gulp; 

0.  S.,  Hanry  F.  Brandt.  The  lodge  has  a  member- 
ship at  present  of  one  hundred  and  twelve.    On  July 

1,  1873,  the  titles  of  the  various  officers  were  changed 
by  the  Sovereign  Grand  Lodge.  The  present  officer* 
are:  G.  C,  William  Moouey  ;  V.  C.,  Dr.  John  J. 
Newpher ;  Prelate,  S.  M.  Rupp ;  M.  at  A.,  J.  B.  S. 
Zeller;  M.  of  E.,  M.  Himelspark;  M.  of  F.,  M.  M. 
Brubaker;  K.  of  R.  and  S.,  F.  G.  Pennell;  I,  G., 
John  W.  Brandt;  O.  G.,  George  Haines. 

Otsego  Tribe,  No.  59,  I.  0.  R.  M.,  was  instituted 
in  September,  1865,  with  the  following  members,  viz.: 
John  M.  Gulp,  R.  P.  Kelly,  William  R.  Hartman, 
A.  D.  Reese,  A.  B.  Gulp,  and  B.  F.  Eberle.  A.  B. 
Gulp  was  made  Sachem,  R.  P.  Kelly,  Senior  Saga- 
more, and  Mr.  Eberle,  Treas.  The  lodge  has  now 
fifty-eight  members,  and  is  in  a  flourishing  condition, 
having  about  sixteen  hundred  dollars  invested  in 
various  ways  for  its  own  use. 

Cemeteries. — The  oldeiit  incorporated  cemetery 
association  is  that  which  established  and  now  con- 
trols Mount  Joy  Cemetery,  which  consists  of  six  acres 
of  land  on  a  gently  rising  ridge,  just  north  of  the 
borough.  This  land,  together  with  two  acres  since 
sold  to  the  borough,  to  afford  a  site  for  the  water- 
works reservoir,  was  purchased  from  Peter  Heilman, 
soon  after  the  association  was  formed  in  18G3.  It  has 
since  been  very  tastefully  laid  out,  and  richly  beauti- 
fied by  the  planting  of  ornamental  trees  and  shrub- 
bery. Nearly  eight  hundred  and  fifty  burials  have 
been  made  in  the  cemetery  during  the  twenty  years 
!  since  it  was  laid  out.  The  records  show  that  the  date 
of  incorporation  was  Aug.  I'J,  1863,  and  the  incorpor- 
ators B.  M.  Greider,  John  Myers,  George  Wengar, 
G.  M.  Martin,  Henry  Stager,  F.  A.  Ricker,  David 
Brady,  Henry  B"echtold,  S.  P.  Beckley,  David  D. 
Stoner,  Alexander  Patterson,  Lewis  P.  Brudy,  J.  M. 
Gulp,  F.  H.  Stauffer,  Dr.  J.  L.  Zeigler,  A.  G.  Good, 
H.  H.  Landis,  Samuel  Eshelman,  J.  R.  Hoffer,  Henry 
S.  Myers,  Alexander  D.  Reese,  Peter  Bruner.  The 
officers  were:  President,  George  Wenger;  Secretary, 
J.  R.  Hoffer;  Treasurer,  B.  M.  Greider;  Superinten- 
dent, Jacob  Lawrence. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCH. 

JAMES  AGNEW  PATTERSON. 
The  subject  of  this  biographical  sketch  is  the 
grandson  of  James  and  Margaret  Agiiew  Patterson 
and  the  son  of  James  and  Mary  Watson  Patter- 
son. The  ancestry  of  the  family  having  been  more 
fully  given  in  the  sketch  of  Judge  D.  W.  Patterson, 
renders  repetition  here  unnecessary.      James  Agnew 


\  / 


^^i^,  J>^  ^a^Mjfi^ 


MANHEIM    BOROUGH. 


607 


was  born  Sept.  20,  1810,  in  Raplio  township,  on 
the  east  bank  of"  tlie  Little  Chikis.  His  youth 
was  sjient  on  the  tarni  of  his  parents,  the  log  school- 
house  of  the  neighborhood,  supplemented  by  a  brief 
season  at  Mount  Joy,  aftbrding  him  all  the  opportu- 
nities for  education  then  at  command.  He  early 
adopted  agriculture  as  a  calling,  and  soon  became 
proficient  in  the  management  of  a  farm.  He  was 
married  Nov.  14,  1844,  to  Miss  Sarah  M.,  daughter  of 
Thomas  Sterrett,  of  Rapho  township.  Their  children 
are  Mary  W.,  Martha  S.,  J.  Howard,  William  S., 
Margaret  J.,  and  one  who  died  in  infancy.  Of  these 
Mary  W.  and  William  S.  survive.  The  death  of 
Mrs.  Patterson  occurred  in  the  fall  of  1858.  By  the 
removal  of  his  father  to  Mount  Joy,  Mr.  Patterson, 
just  previous  to  his  marriage,  became  the  occupant  of 
the  homestead,  on  which  he  resided  for  several  years. 
He  later,  desiring  a  respite  from  active  labor,  re- 
moved to  Mount  Joy,  which  has  since  been  his  place 
of  residence.  He  has  been  identified  with  the  in- 
terests of  the  borough  and  active  in  projects  having 
for  their  object  its  advancement.  All  eilorls  towards 
the  promotion  of  the  cause  of  education  have  received 
his  cordial  co-operation  ;  the  Mount  Joy  Academy, 
now  the  Soldiers'  Orphans'  School,  numbering  him 
among  its  earnest  supporters.  He  has  also  served  for 
eeveral  terms  as  school  director. 

Iq  politics  Mr.  Patterson  was  formerly  an  Old-Line 
Whig  and  an  Anti-Mason,  and  later  became  a  Repub- 
lican. He  is  not,  however,  a  strong  party  man,  giving 
his  ballot  for  men  of  integrity  and  capacity  irrespec- 
tive of  party  ties.  He  is  a  gentleman  of  retired  habits 
of  life  and  of  no  political  aspirations.  His  name  will, 
therefore,  not  be  found  on  the  roll  of  office-seekers  or 
those  who  bear  the  palm  of  victory  in  the  struggles 
for  place  and  preferment.  Mr.  Patterson  is  in  his 
religious  convictions  a  Presbyterian,  and  an  elder  in 
the  Donegal  Church  of  that  denomination. 


CHAPTER    XXXIL 


MANHEIM    BOROUGH. 


The  borough  of  Manheim  is  situated  ten  miles 
north  of  Lancaster,  and  on  the  Reading  and  Coluin- 
hia  Railroad.  It  lies  wholly  within  the  township  of 
Rapho,  and  its  eastern  boundary  is  partially  co-e.xten- 
live  with  it,  being  the  mill-race  and  the  Big  Chikis 
Creek. 

The  town  was  originally  laid  out  by  Henry  William 
Sliegel,  late  in  the  year  of  1762.  The  land  was  taken 
11)1  by  patent  in  1738  by  James  Logan,  and  reverted 
to  Inaac  Norris,  who  married  a  daughter  of  Logan's. 
In  February  of  1702,  Isaac  Norris  and  his  wife,  Sarah, 
deeded  to  Alexander  and  Chaules  Stedman  a  tract  of 
leveii  hundred  and  .twenty-nine  acres,  and  they,  in 
September  of  the  same  year,  deeded  an  one-third  in- 


terest to  Henry  William  Stiegel,  who  immediately    . 
thereafter  laid  out  the  town  of  Manheim.     The  name 
of  the  town  was  derived  from  the  village  of  Manheim, 
in  Badjsn,  from  whence  Stiegel  came. 

Early  History. — At  the  time  of  the  formation  of 
the  town  there  were  two  houses  standing  within  its 
limits.  These  were  both  log  structures,  and  one  of 
them  is  yet  standing  on  South  Prussian  Street.  In 
1762  there  were  five  houses  standi [ig,  at  least  two  of 
them  built  by  Stiegel.  He  first  built  a  house  on  West 
High  Street,  near  Market  Square,  afterwards  on  the 
northeast  corner  of  East  High  Street  and  Market 
Square.  This  last  house  is  now  standing,  though  it 
has  been  nearly  rebuilt,  and  is  now  the  property  of 
Henry  Arndt.  The  oftice  built  by  Stiegel,  on  the 
corner  of  North  Charlotte  Street  and  JIarket  Square, 
is  still  standing.  Among  the  earliest  settlers  in  the 
borough  were  the  Heintzelmau,  Minnich,  Keiser, 
Long,  Nauman,  Wherly,  and  Staufler  families. 
John  Heintzelman  built  the  first  hotel,  the  Black 
Horse.  This  house  is  now  standing  upon  South 
Prussian  Street,  though  no  longer  used  as  a  hotel. 

Andrew  Bartrurt'  was  the  first  store-keeper.  The 
store  was  located  on  North  Prussian  Street,  and  was 
also  used  for  many  years  as  a  hotel.  It  was  burned 
down  April  19,  18G1.  The  Spread  Eagle  Hotel  was 
established  about  1804,  and  owned  by  John  Bartruff. 
Legendary  History. — Of  Henry  \Villiam  Stiegel, 
or  Baron  Stiegel,  as  he  is  generally  called,  there  are 
a  great  many  stories  told,  and  though  they  are  prob- 
ably exaggerated,  there  may  be  some  foundation  in 
fact.  He  was  certainly  a  very  eccentric  character, 
and  of  a  decidedly  energetic  and  speculative  disposi- 
tion. Upon  the  top  of  the  house  corner  High  and 
Prussian  Streets,  built  by  him,  was  a  cupola  in  which 
was  stationed  a  watchman.  Stiegel  made  frequent 
trips.from  Manheim  to  Elizabeth  Furnace  in  a  large 
coach  drawn  by  four  (some  say  eight)  beautiful  horses. 
Upon  his  approaching  the  town  it  was  the  duty  of  the 
watchman  to  fire  fcannon,  used  for  that  purpose,  to 
let  the  people  know  of  his  arrival.  Immediately  upon 
hearing  the  sound  of  the  cannon  the  people  flocked 
to  the  house,  and  a  band  of  music,  made  up  from 
among  the  employe's  of  the  factory,  proceeded  to  the 
cupola,  and  the  baron  made  his  entrance  into  the 
town  amidst  the  firing  of  the  cannon,  the  sound  of 
music,  and  the  cheers  of  the  inhabitants.  Among 
many  tales  of  his  eccentricity  is  a  story  of  recorded 
fact  that  the  lots  upon  which  the  Evangelical  Lu- 
theran Church  was  built  were  deeded  to  them  for  the 
consideration  of  a  red  rose,  to  be  paid  yearly  upon  de- 
mand. It  is  a  miKter  of  record  that  this  was  paid  at 
two  different  times;  whether  these  are  the  only  de- 
mands made  for  the  rent  it  is  not  possible  to  state. 

Baron  Stiegel's  Houses.— The  second  house  built 
by  Baron  .Stiegel  was  upon  the  corner  of  East  High 
Street  and  Market  Square.  It  was  a  large  square 
building,  made  of  red  brick  imported  for  that  pur- 
pose.   The  building  was  about  two  and  one-half  stories 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


in  height,  and  its  two  principal  rooms  were  a  diuiug- 
room  upon  the  ground-floor,  and  a  cliapel  or  meeting- 
room  on  tlie  second  floor.  Tiie  dining-room  con- 
tained a  fireplace  at  one  end,  surrounded  by  Dutch 
tiles,  and  was  hung  with  tapestry  representing  princi- 
pally figures  of  the  chase,  with  lite-size  paintings  of 
horses,  dogs,  men,  etc.  The  tapestry  was  in  a  good 
state  of  preservation  when  taken  down  about  twelve 
years  ago,  and  many  of  the  tiles  may  yet  be  found 
in  the  hands  of  the  older  citizens  and  of  connoisseurs 
in  the  village.  The  tapestry  is  now  at  the  rooms  of 
the  Historical  Society  in  Philadelphia.  The  chapel 
upon  the  second  floor  contained  a  pulpit,  from  which 
the  baron  was  wont  to  preach  to  his  servants  and  the 
em  ploy  63  of  the  glass-factory.  When  Stiegel's  prop- 
erty was  sold  by  the  sherifl'  in  1779  this  house  was 
bought  by  Michael  Dieflenderfer,  who  sold  it  to  Wil- 
liam Bauseman.  It  was  afterwards  owned  by  Robert 
Morris,  then  James  Jenkins.  The  building  is  now 
the  property  of  Henry  Arndt,  and  though  its  interior 
arrangement  is  entirely  changed,  the  south  wall  is  the 
same  as  in  the  original  building  up  to  the  second 
story. 

About  this  time  Stiegel  built  a  business  oflice  on 
the  corner  of  High  and  Charlotte  Streets.  This  was 
also  of  red  brick,  and  remains  to-day  in  very  nearly 
the  same  condition,  as  regards  its  outward  appearance, 
as  when  erected. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  taxable  inhabitants 
of  JIanheim  in  1780: 


Albright,  David 

lli_.'.        I!    •      ■. 

N.'«nuii.,  n.T,j„i.iin... 

N!irck"l'!'jul'in!'i.initl. 
Nitwnmii,  Fri'tieritk,  i 

Puluit,  Ai.ilrew 

Reese,  AJhiii 


Smith.  Ch^irles 

House* 
and 
L.jta. 

t' *  \  , ; 

x';'' '  I  '. 

::::::::::::::::::::::::  \ 

\\  ,  ,  ,  >  .    1  1       ,     ^^ 

'    ,"       

1 

Eobert  Ellis. 
Peter  Walter. 
Jacob  Aaron. 
Abn.m  Metz. 


John  Shelhorn. 
Martin  Kisaley. 
Daniel  Sbitz. 
Michael  Horner. 
Samnel  McClun.' 
William  Meara. 
Jolin  Brand, 
tjeorge  Ginilin. 
Baltzer  Stake. 
Jacob  Stoufler. 
John  Brown. 
William  Alison. 
Janiod  Defi-ance. 
George  Berglebrough. 
John  Huffman. 


Land  Titles. — The  tract  of  land  upon  which  Man- 
heini  was  laid  out  was  taken  up  by  James  Logan  ia 
1733,  and  contained  about  twelve  hundred  acres.  At 
Logan's  death  he  willed  to  Sarah,  his  daughter,  and  ) 
her  husband,  Isaac  Norris,  what  remained  unsold  of 
this  tract,  in  all  about  seven  hundred  and  twenty-nine 
acres,  On  Feb.  17,  1762,  Isaac  Norris  and  Sarah,  his 
wife,  deeded  to  Charles  and  Alexander  Stednian  thij 
tract  of  seven  hundred  and  twenty-nine  acres,  and 
September  20th  of  the  same  year  they  deeded  to 
Henry  William  Stiegel  an  one-third  interest  in  the  ^ 
same.  Iti  1769  (August  4th)  the  Stedmans  sold  their 
interest  iu  the  proper.ty  to  Isaac  Cox,  who  sold  to 
Henry  William  Stiegel,  Feb.  1,  1770.  At  this  time, 
therefore,  Stiegel  was  the  sole  proprietor  of  all  the 
land,  e.xcei)lin£^  such  lots  as  had  been  sold  to  indi- 
viduJils,  including  those  lots  subject  to  ground-rent. 
The  lots  had  been  sold  in  three  ways,— in  fee-simple, 
by  paying  in  part  for  the  land  and  a  yearly  ground- 
rent,  and  making  no  payment  whatever  but  only  pay- 
ing ground-rent.  The  rent,  when  no  payment  was 
made,  was  two  dollars  and  twenty  cents  per  year  for 
each  lot,  without  regard  to  its  situation.  On  March 
30,  1775,  the  property  was  sold  by  the  sheriff  to 
Michael  Diii'enderfer,  who  deeded  to  William  Bause- 
man. At  Bauseman's  death  the  properly  was  willed 
to  William  B.  and  John  B.  Bauseman  and  Elizabeth 
Hiester.  The  heirs  of  William  Bauseman  deeded 
their  several  interests  in  the  gronnd-rents  to  John  D.' 
Hiester,  who  became  sole  owner.  The  collecting  of 
the  rent  was  alhiwed  to  go  by  default  for  some  years, 
and  when  an  attempt  was  made  to  collect  it  met 
with  a  great  deal  of  opposition.  After  many  years  of 
strife  and  opposition  to  the  collection  of  the  rent,  suit 
was  brought,  in  1850-57,  to  enforce  its  payment,  and 
a  considerable  amount  was  collected.     In  1880  a  com- 


MANHEIM    BOROUGH. 


(509 


mittee  was  appointed  to  make  a  settlement,  and  an 
arrangement  was  made  to  pay  six  thousand  five  liun- 
dreJ  dollars  for  claims  amounting  to  about  thirteen 
thousand  dollars.  On  March  29, 1881,  all  the  interest 
of  the  Hiester  heirs  to  ground-rent  in  the  borough 
was  deeded  to  a  committee,  composed  of  Abraham 
Kline,  Dr.  John  M.  Dunlap,  Aaron  H.  Danner, 
James  \V.  Numbers,  Henry  JI.  Eusminger,  who  in 
turn  deeded  to  the  individual  lot-owners. 

Erection  of  the  Boroug^h.— In  1830  the  question  of 
making  the  town  a  borough  and  incorporating  it  was 
a  subject  of  considerable  agitation,  and  the  feeling  in 
regard  to  the  matter  ran  very  high.  A  large  number 
were  in  favor  of  it  on  account  of  the  additional  privi- 
leges and  benefits  to  be  derived  from  a  separate  or- 
ganization, while  its  opponents  were  princi])ally  afraid 
of  increased  taxation.  The  matter  rested  till  1837, 
when  a  petition  was  sent  to  the  Legislature  for  an  act 
of  incorporation,  which  was  granted  May  16,  1838. 
The  first  officers  of  the  borough  were  David  May, 
burgess;  John  Rice,  John  Musser,  .Tohn  Arndt,  Jr., 
Jacob  Staufl'er,  George  Eby,  and  Samuel  Deyer, 
councilmen;  Benjamin  Hunsinger,  constable;  David 
Fiaiier,  supervisor;  Thomas  W.  Veazey,  clerk ;  Daniel 
Daniier,  treasurer.  The  first  meeting  of  the  Borough 
Council  was  held  at  the  Central  School-House,  and 
the  first  committee  appointed  was  a  committee  to 
examine  into  the  condition  of  the  roads  and  thorough- 
fares. The  first  tax  levied  was  for  the  sum  of  two 
hundred  dollars.  The  number  of  the  taxable  popu- 
lation being  three  hundred  and  sixty-five,  the  tax 
per  capita  was  a  little  less  than  sixty  cents  each. 
Though  this  seems  a  very  small  amount,  it  caused 
considerable  grumbling. 

CIVIL   LIST. 
1838.-Burgpia,  DdvlJ  May;  Secretary,  Thomas  W.  Veazey  ;  Treasurer, 

Duiilol  Danner. 
1B9.— Bnree-B,  Uavid  May;  Secretary,  Tlionios  W.  Veazey ;  Treasurer, 

IMl.— Bnrges-,  David  May;  Seeretaiy,  William  Glolui;  Treasurer, 
Geort'o  Aru.lt. 

IMl.— Burj-eas,  Nathaniel  Ranck  ;  Secretory,  William  Gleim  ;  Treas- 
urer, Geurge  Arndt. 

1M2.-Bnr^e.a,  Adam  Smitli ;  Secretaiy,  William  Gloim;  Treasurer, 
Qeurco  Arndt. 

lM3.-I)ilrgcsH,  Lewis  Gihble;  Secretary,  Wlllianr  Gleim;  Treasurer, 
Qoorgo  Arndt. 

JM4.-Burg-8a,  Lowiu   Gihlile;   Secretary,  William   Gleim;   Trpasurer, 


GeorjieAl 


I 
l»«.-B.iig.-8.i,   LewiH  Gibble;  Secretary,  William  Gleim;   Treasurer, 

Sumu.l  Knslnin;;er. 
lM8.-I)urgea-s,  Mltliacl  B.  Moyer;  Secretary,  David  May;  Treasurer, 

Samu.d  Ensmi.iger. 
IMT.-Biirgess,  Dr.  Daniel  L.  Carpenter,  Sr.  ;  Secretary,  David  May; 

Treasurer,  Samuel  Cnsmltiger. 
1M8.— Burgess,  Dr.   Daniel  L.  Caipouter,  Sr.;  Secretary,  David  May; 

Treasurer,  Bainu-I  Knsmiuger. 
lMi>.-Bur«eM,.l>r.  J.d.n  M.  Dunlap;    Secietary,  David   May;    Treas- 


-Burgees,  Ju3<pl 
imnel  Kneniliig" 
-Burg.s-,  Jacub 
rer,  Samuel  Ensii 
39 


Gibble;  Secretary,  David  May;  Treasu 
:Corklo;  Secretary,  David  Slay;  Treasu 
if  J  Secretary,  Frederick  EiiHUiiuger;  Tr 


lSo;j.— Burgees,  Ja 


.nretary,  Dr.  Juhn  M.  Dunlap;  Treas.' 
Secretary,  Dr.  John  M.  Dunlap;  Treas- 
dy;  Secretary,  Dr.  John  31.  Dunlap; 
itary,  Dr.  Jolin  il.  Duulup; 
Secrelal-y,  Dr.  John  51.  Dunlap;  Treas- 
Secretary,  Dr.  John  M.  Dunlap;  Treas- 
r  ;  Secretarj-,  Dr.  John  M.  Dunlap;  Treas- 
r;  Secretary,  Dr.  Juhn  M.  Dunlap;  Treaj- 
15'  i       t.;.       ..  '         :    1  ^lialTu.-r;  .Secretary,  Dr.  John  M.  Dunlap  ;  Trcas- 

ISC.  -  Lu.^..^.,,  L'.i.hl  .May;  Secretary,  Dr.  John  M.  Dunlap;  Treasurer, 

Sanuicl  Kn.-minger, 
18li;i.— Burgess,  David   May;  Secretary,  11,  Dasher;  Treasurer,  Samuel 

Ensminger. 
1864.-Burgess,  J.  M.  Hahn  ;  Secretaiy,  H.  Dasher  ;  Treasurer,  Samuel 

Eusminger. 
1805.— Burgess,  H.  C.  Gingrich  ;  Secretary,  H,  Dasher;  Treasurer,  David 

186G.— Burgess,   W.   Lilzenberger ;    Secretary,    H.   Dasher;  Treasurer, 

;   Secretary,    H.    Dasher;    Treasurer, 


lS5i.— Burgess,  Nathan  Worh 

urer,  Samuel  Ensminger, 
IS.io.— purge-s,  Dr.  C.  J.  Sn 

Tre^isurer,  Michael  While. 
1850.— Burgejs,   Dr.  C.J.  Suavely; 

Treasurer,  Samuel  Ensminger. 
1857.— Burgess,  Jacob  K. 

urer,  Samuel  Ensmir 
1S5S.— Burgess,  Henry  A 

urer,  Samuel  Ensmir, 
1859.— Burgess,  Gabriel  SI 

1S60  — r.nigcbs  f;.ihn.dSl 


David  May. 
1867.— Burgess,  \V.    Litzenberg 

David  May 
1868.— Burgess,  M.  E.  liomberger  ;  Secietary,  H.  Dashe 


;  Treasu 


C.  Bold. 


H.  Dashe 


1869.— Burgess,  II.  G.  Hogendobler;  Se. 

H.  C.  Boyd. 
1870.— Burgess,  H.  G.  Hogendobler;  Secretarj-,  II.  Dasher;  Treasurer, 

11.  C.  Boyd. 
1871.— Burgess,  Nathan  Worley  ;  Secretary,  H.  D.isher;  Treasurer,  U. 

C.  Boyd. 
1872.— Burgess,   Nathan    Worley;    Secretary,    H.    P.isher;    Treasurer, 

Ilenly  .\rndt. 
187:i.— Burgess,   A.    Kline;   Secretary,    H.    Dasher;    Treasurer,   Henry 

Arndt. 
1874.— BurgeBS,_B.  D.  Danner;  Secretary,  II.  Dasher;  Treasurer,  F.  G. 


1875.— Burgess,  H.  E.  Shimp;  Secretary,  II.  Dasher; 

1870.— Burgess,  J.  Z.  Eby;  Secretary,  H.  M.  Ensminger;  Treasu 


•,  F.  G. 


,  II.   M.  Eusminger;  Treasure 
,p  ,   Secretary,   H.   M.  Ensmin 


1877.— Burgess,  J.  Z.  Eby  ;  Secretar 

G.  Biosey. 
187H.— Burgess,  Dr.  Johtt.M.  Dun 

Treasurer,  F.  G.  Brosey. 
1879.— Burgess,  Dr.  Johu  .M.   Uuulap;    Secretary,   H.  M.  Ensmingel 

Treasurer,  F.  G.  Brosey. 
1880.— Burgess,  U.  C.  Boyd  ;  Secretary,  H.  M.  Eusminger  ;  Treasurer,  1 

G.  Brosey. 
1831.- liurgess,  M.  E.  Boniheiger;  Secretary,  H.  51.  Ensminger;  Trea 

urer,  F.  G.  Bioscy. 
1882.— Burgess,  M.  E.  Boniberger;  Secretary,  II.  M,  Ensminger;  Trea 


.  Dann 


.  Boniberger;  Secretary,  II. 


Justices  of  the  Peace.— Prior  to  1840  the  justices 
were  elected  by  judicial  districts.  A  full  list  will  be 
found  in  the -General  Jlistory. 


Isli) 

David  May. 

1807 

Benjamin  H.  D 

1S4.-. 

J..I,nTliorn6. 

1    1868 

Horiico  Diwher. 

Henry  Keyser 

Martin  V.  Cko 

1850 

lleMry'Keysor 

1800 

Horace  Dasher. 

David  May. 

1872 

B.  D.  Dauiier. 

1852 

Frederick  Ensminger. 

1    1874 

Horace  Dasher 

1865 

Gabriel  Sliaffn 

r. 

1    1877 

B.  D.  Danner. 

18011 

Gabriel  .'^liann 

r. 

II.  S.  Danner. 

l.-tOi 

Jeremiah  M.I 

uhii. 

1878 

II.  C.  Gibble. 

1805 

David  May. 

1883 

II.  8.  Dauner. 

610 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Early  Industries.— Some  time  between  1763  and 
1768,  B:iron  Stiegel  erected  a  large  glass-factory  upon 
the  corner  of  South  Charlotte  and  Stiegel  Streets. 
The  building  was  of  red  brick,  and  was  a  very  large 
one.  It  is  stated  that  from  the  ground  to  the  cupola, 
which  surmounted  the  building,  was  over  one  hun- 
dred feet.  The  manufacturing  of  glassware  and  glass 
bottles  was  carried  on  quite  extensively,  skilled  work- 
men being  brought  from  Europe  to  carry  on  the 
work.  That  a  very  superior  article  was  produced  at 
these  works  is  evidenced  by.  samples  in  existence 
now,  and  by  the  following  extract  from  a  letter  writ- 
ten by  David  Rittenhouse,  of  Philadelphia,  to  Rev. 
Mr.  Barton,  of  Lancaster.  "  I  am  obliged  to  you  for 
the  glass  tube;  it  will  make  a  pretty  barometer, 
though  the  tube  is  somewhat  too  small.  I  have  com- 
pared it  with  an  English  tube,  and  do  not  think  the 
preference  can  with  any  reason  be  given  to  the 
latter."  In  the  same  letter  he  asks  Sir.  Barton  to 
procure  him  "  some  tubes  of  a  size  fit  for  spirit- 
levels."  This  property  was  sold  by  the  sheriff  in 
1779,  and  after  being  unoccupied  for  forty  years  the 
building  was  taken  down  in  1809,  and  the  brick  used 
in  building  a  hotel  in  Neffsville.' 

In  1817  the  business  interests  were  general  stores 
by  John  Thorn  and  Christian  Stauffer;  tannery,  by 
Jacob  Arndt;  brickmaking,  Dederick  Baehler;  sad- 
dlery, by  Peter  and  George  Britz;  hardware,  Mrs. 
Ileintzelman  ;  shoemakers,  Kline  &  Faertig;  cabinet- 
makers and  car[)enters,  Emanuel  Dyer,  John  Rice, 
John  Wagner;  blacksmiths,  Joseph  Stanem,  Joseph 

Frantz,  Jacob    Long ;  cooper,  John  Schneider, 

Scliauer;  tailors,  George  D.Miller  and  David  May, 
Philip  Waltz;  wagon-makers,  Peter  Gruber,  George 
Long,  John  White;  stocking-weaver,  Blartin  Bander; 

weavers,  Henry  Brahm,  Adam  Danner,  Boeh- 

ler,  William  Wagner,  John  Brosey,  Henry  Brosey, 
Jacob  Koch;    watchmaker,  George   Rudisell ;   dyer, 

• Waltz;  locksmith,  John  Long;  painter,  Adam 

Sill;  Jonas  White  and  his  father  made  bone  combs; 
the  two  physicians  were  JMichael  Kan  (man  and  John 
Heintzelman.  There  were  three  lintels, — Washington 
House,  kept  by  Jacob  Meyer ;  Black  Horse,  by  JMrs. 
Ileintzelman  ;  and  Spread  Eagle,  by  John  Bartruff. 

Old  Mill-Much  farther  back  than  the  oldest  in- 
habitant can  remember,  nearly  south  of  iho  present 
mill  of  IC.  P..  liomberger,  was  standing  an  old  lime- 
stniie  mill.  This  was  built  by  Peter  Longenecker 
some  lime  between  1763  and  1780.  It  remained 
standing  till  1838,  and  in  an  early  day  a  wooden  ful- 
ling-mill was  attached  to  it.  The  present  mill  was 
built  by  Abraham  Hostetter,  in  1829,  and  passed 
through  tlie  hands  of  J.  H.  Bassler,  John  Hostetter, 
and  r.cnjamin  M.  Stauffer  before  it  came  to  be  the 
property  of  its  present  owner,  E.  B.  Bomberger,  in 
18G6.     The  mill  is  a  fine  property,  and  is  furnished 


ftictiiry  by  Jiituea  Je 


with  both  steam-  and  water-power.     It  contains  si* 
run   of  stone,   and    has  a   head  of  fourteen   feet  of 

The   Manheim   National    Bank   was  organized 

Feb.  11,  ISO",.  Its  first  ofHcers  were  Abraham  Kauf- 
man,  presiilcut;  J.  Ilotfman  llershey,  cashier;  And, 
Brubaker,  teller.  The  business  was  at  first  conducted 
in  Mrs.  Uhler's  building,  on  Market  Square  and  North 
Prussian  Street,  and  moved  to  its  present  location  in 
1866.  Its  capital  is  §150,000,  and  its  stock  owned  j 
mostly  by  parties  in  and  around  Manheim.  The 
present  officers  are  Jacob  L.  Stehman,  president,  and 
H.  C.  Gingrich,  cashier. 

Jacob  L.  Stehman. — The  family  are  of  German 
descent.  Christian  (whose  orthography  of  the  name 
was  Steman),  the  grandfather  of  Jacob  L.,  wa;^  birn 
March  31,  1771,  and  resided  in  Manheim  town,-liip, 
where  he  was  a  farmer.  He  was  married  to  Misj 
Anna  Huber  on  the  18th  of  November,  1790,  whose 
birth  occurred  July  7,  1768.  Their  children  were 
Maria,  John,  Christian,  Anna,  Jacob,  Elizabeth, 
Henry,  Samuel,  JIagdalena,  Benjamin,  and  Veronica. 
Mr.  Stehman  died  July  26,  1844,  in  Jlanheim  town- 
ship, in  his  seventy-fourth  year.  His  son  Christiaa 
was  born  June  26,  179-5,  in  Manheim,  on  the  home- 
stead farm,  and  nmrried  Catherine,  daughter  of  Jacob 
Leib,  of  Warwick  township.  Their  children  were 
Anna  (Mrs.  Hershey),  Jacob  L.,  Elizabeth  (Mre. 
Kraatz),  Magdalena  (Mrs.  Becker),  and  Catherine 
(Mrs.  Buch). 

Mr.  Stehman  after  his  marriage  removed  to  Wa^ 
wick  township,  where  the  remainder  of  his  life  wu 
spent  in  business  or  farming  occupations.  His  death 
took  place  on  the  8th  of  November,  1877,  in  hil 
eighty-third  year. 

His  son  Jacob  L.,  the  subject  of  this  biographical 
sketch,  was  born  upon  the  paternal  estate  on  the  28th 
of  September,  1820.  Here  his  growing  years  were 
spent,  either  in  labor  or  at  school  in  the  immediate 
neighborhood  or  under  the  instruction  of  Professor 
John  Beck,  of  Lititz.  Having  decided  upon  an  agri- 
cultural life,  he  eventually  inherited  the  farm  of  his 
father.  He  was  married  in  December,  1846,  to  Eliza, 
daughter  of  John  Hostetter,  of  Pcnn  township.  Uii 
wife  having  died,  he  was  again  married  in  November, 
1881,  to  Mrs.  Eliza  McDowell,  daughter  of  Solomon 
Sell,  of  Stark  County,  Ohio.  Mr.  Stehman,  in  1868, 
retired  from  his  farm  and  removed  to  New  Haven, 
in  the  same  township,  and  in  Jlay,  1882,  made  Lititi 
his  home.  He  is  in  politics  a  Republican,  and  haj 
filled  the  office  of  school  director  for  twelve  successive 
years,  though  preferring  the  quiet  of  his  own  fireside 
to  the  excitements  of  a  public  career.  He  is  president 
of  the-Manheim  National  Bank,  and  a  director  of  the 
Northern  Mutual  Insurance  Company  of  Epiirata, 
Lancaster  Co.  He  enjoys  the  confidence  of  the  com' 
munity  to  so  great  an  extent  as  to  have  been  frequently 
appointed  to  the  office  of  guardian  and  selected  as 
custodian  of  important  trusts. 


/tAtr^csZy/Cf^-'^ 


-.1 


■l 


MANHEIM   BOROUGH. 


611 


:  Mr.  Steliinan  was  educated  a  Mennonite  in  religion, 
but  is  a  supporter  of  all  evangelical  creeds. 

The  Manheim  Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Company 
was  incorporated  July  20,  1877,  J.  M.  Dunlap,  presi- 
dent; J.  M.  Ensniinger,  secretary;  Abraliam  Kline, 
treasurer.  Its  officers  remain  the  same  in  1883,  with 
tlie  exception  that  the  secretary  is  now  H.  S.  Danrer. 

Tlie  most  important  business  industries  of  to-day 
are  agricultural  implements,  Abraham  Kline,  Hershey  I 
&  Ely  ;  planing-niill,  H.  E.  Shimp  &  Co. ;  flour-mills, 
Eby  &  Reist  and  E.  B.  Bomberger;  dry-goods  and 
general  stores,  George  H.  Banner,  H.  C.  Boyd,  Henry 
Arndt,  and  J.  M.  Hahn  ;  foundry,  Eby  &  Reist;  Man- 
heim Coach-Works,  Arnold  &  Ulrich ;  furniture 
dealer,  A.  R.  Brandt.  The  principal  toljacco  dealers 
&re  J.  M.  Hahn  and  Bomberger  &  Becker;  clothing 
dealers,  Hostetter  &  Hummer. 

The  borough  now  contains  four  hotels, — Washing- 
ton House,  Martin  Schreider;  Summy  Hotel,  S.  C. 
Sunimy  ;  Centennial,  J.  D.  Warfel ;  American  Hotel, 
John  Boenisnyder. 

The  Press. — The  first  printing-office  in  Manheim 
was  established  by  Jacob  StauflTer  in  1830,  but  the 
business  was  not  a  successful  one  and  was  abandoned. 
In  1838,  John  M.  Ensminger  opened  a  job-office  on 
Market  Square,  near  South  Prussian  Street.  As  he 
made  his  business  a  success  he  enlarged  it,  and  on 
Jan.  6,  184G,  issued  the  first  newspaper  of  Manheim. 
This  was  a  small  folio,  ten  by  fourteen  in  size,  and 
containing   four  columns  of  matter,  and   was   called 

In  1849,  Mr.  Ensminger  sold  out  his  interest  to  D. 
B.  Rock,  who  changed  the  name  of  the  paper  to  the 
Senlind.  The  office  was  burned  out  in  1851,  and  in 
July,  1851,  was  carried  on  in  a  building  opposite  the 
(Jerniau  Reformed  Church  on  North  Prussian  Street. 
In  1852,  3Ir.  Ensminger  again  became  owner  of  the 
paper,  and  it  has  since  been  in  his  hands.  He  moved 
into  the  present  building  on  South  Prussian  Street  in 
1853,  and  changed  the  name  of  the  paper  to  Sentinel- 
Advertiser.  The  paper  is  now  an  eight-column  folio, 
and  looks  very  little  like  the  diminutive  Planet  of 
184G.  In  politics  this  ]iaper  has  been  independent 
always.  It  has  now  a  circulation  of  about  one  thou- 
suiid. 

Fire-Engine  Companies.— In  1810  the  ci(,izens, 
feeling  the  need  of  organized  protection  in  event  of  1 
fire,  started  a  subscription  for  the  purpose  of  building 
a  house  and  purchasing  apparatus.  An  engine  was 
purchased,  which  was  called  the  "  Union,"  and  a 
house  built.  The  house  was  painted  red,  and  was 
known  as  the  "  Red  House,"  and  the  Union  Fire 
Company  was  organized. 

In  1X41  a  niceting  was  called  to  decide  what  to  do 
with  the  Union  Engine,  whether  to  sell  it  and  pur- 
chase a  new,  one,  or  to  keep  it  as  it  was.  It  was 
decided  that  nothing  would  be  done  at  that  time. 
In  1840  the  Borough  .Council  decided  to  purchase  a 
new  engine,  and   bought  the  Globe  Engine  and  one 


hundred  and  thirty-three  feet  of  hose.  In  1851  the 
Union  Engine  was  sold  to  New  Ephrata,  now  Lin- 
den. In  1800  the  engine-house  was  moved  from 
Market  Square  to  North  Charlotte  Street.  The  prop- 
erty on  North  Charlotte  Street  upon  which  the  en- 
gine-hous'e  stood  was  a  part  of  that  upon  which  the 
Hiesters  claimed  ground-rent,  and  being  fearful  that 
the  building  would  be  levied  upon  for  rent,  it  was 
sold  to  George  Long  in  1803.  The  building  was  re- 
moved to  his  lot  on  South  Prussian  Street,  and  is  now 
used  as  a  shoe-shop.  The  Council  bought  a  new  lot 
upon  North  Prussian  Street,  and  erected  upon  it  a 
two-story  building,  the  first  floor  to  be  used  as  an  en- 
gine-house, and  the  second  as  a  Council  chamber. 
The  cost  of  this  building  was  four  hundred  and  fifty 
dollars.  The  organization  of  the  department  had 
gradually  become  broken  up  and  its  members  dis- 
couraged. The  engine  was  neglected  and  the  hose 
was  in  poor  condition.  From  1863  to  1869  there  was 
no  company  and  no  organization  worthy  of  the  name. 
In  1869  the  Star  Fire  Company  was  organized,  and 
also  Hose  Company  No.  1,  and  the  Globe  Engine 
was  rebuilt.  In  December,  1871,  a  new  hose-cart 
was  purchased  and  the  name  of  the  company  changed 
to  Hope  Fire-Engine  Company  and  Hose  Company 
No.  1.  The  organizations  are  ii 
present  time,  though  in  a  feeble 
condition. 

Schools.— Prior  to  1830  there  v 
the  borough  except  the  subscripti' 
and  of  these  none  of  sufficient  distinctive  impor- 
tance to  be  noted.  One  of  the  old  teachers,  and  one 
who  taught  for  many  years,  was  Adam  Smith.  Be- 
tween the  years  1830  and  1830  there  were  three  school 
buildings  erected,  known  respectively  as  the  Upper, 
Lower,  and  Central  schools.  In  1836,  after  the  adop- 
tion by  Raphe  township,  of  which  Manheim  was  then 
a  part,  of  the  district  school  system  of  public  schools, 
the  schools  of  the  borough  were  controlled  jointly  by 
the  district  school  board  and  six  trustees  for  the  bor- 
ough. In  1855  the  borough  became  a  separate  school 
district,  and  shortly  after  this  the  schools  were  graded, 
the  Upper  school  being  the  grammar,  the  Lower  sec- 
ondary, and  the  Central  the  primary  grades.  At  this 
time  the  school  year  was  five  months,  and  the  aver- 
age salaries  of  the  teachers  thirty  dollars  per  month. 
In  1862  the  school  year  was  lengthened  to  six  months, 
and  in  1882  to  seven  months.  In  1868  the  present 
fine  large  building  was  erected,  and  the  school  was 
divided  into  four  grades.  These  have  now  been  in- 
creased to  six  grades,  and  the  school  has  a  fine  repu- 
tation, both  for  its  high  standard  of  scholarship  and 
its  excellent  discipline.  The  present  school  board  is 
composed  of  D.  W.  Erb,  iircsideiit;  II.  S.  Damier, 
secretary;  F.  G.  Brosey,  trea.surer.  Direclor.s,  J.  L. 
Sharpe,  George  D.  Miller,  Jr.,  11.  F.  McCloud,  E.  F. 
Hostetter. 

Societies.— iManheim  Council,  No.  154,  Sr.  O.  U. 
A.  M.,  was  organized  Aiiril  10,  1868.     Its  officers  at 


existence  at  the 
lid  unsatisfactory 


•e  no  schools  in 
private  schools, 


612 


HISTORY  OF  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


date  of  organization  were  J.  G.  Leber,  C. ;  J.  M.  Dun- 
lap,  V.  C;  F.  R.  White,  R.  C. ;  M.  E.  Bomberger, 
Treas.  Its  present  officers  are  F.  K.  Brosey,  C. ;  A. 
A.  Barthold,  V.  C. ;  J.  M.  Shoemaker,  R.  C;  S.  A. 
Eni^minger,  Treas. 

JFanlieim  Council,  No.  32,  Jr.  O.  U.  A.  M.,  organ- 
ized Aug.  11,  18G8.  Officers,  C.  ,J.  Mengle,  C. ;  B.  A. 
Donoven,  V.  C;  W.  B.  Mixell,  R.  C. ;  J.  M.  Rice, 
Treas.  Officers  for  1883  are  Frederick  Ensminger, 
C;  Harry  Fry,  V.  C. ;  George  II.  Ulrich,  R.  C.  ;  H. 
M.  Ensminger,  Treas. 

Selah  Lodge,  No.  (j.57,  I.  O.  0.  F.,  organized  March 
11,  18G9.  Officers,  J.  SL  Dunlap,  N.  G.  ;  H.  S. 
Stauff'er,  V.  G.  ;  J.  M.  Dunlaj),  Sec;  Abraham 
Schopp,  Treas. 

Gen.  Ileintzelman  Post,  No.  300,  G.  A.  R.,  organ- 
ized Dec.  81,  1882.     Officers,  Christian  Baer,  Com.;  j 
J.  Ruff'  Shearer,  Adjt. 

Aureola   Circle,    No.  42,   B.  U.   (H.  F.)  C.  of  A.  [ 
Officers,  1883,  M.  J.  Stoner,  C.  W. ;  C.  F.  Fislier,  Jr.,  i 

C.  J. ;  L.  Barthold,  Jr.,  C.  F. ;  H.  C.  Gibble,  H.  S.  K. ;  j 
S.  S.  Young,  H.  T.  1 

P.  O.  S.  of  A.,  organized  Oct.  2,  1874.     Officers,  H. 
M.  Ensminger,  Pres. ;    F.  McMullen,  V.  P.;   11.  C.  j 
Gibble,  Sec. ;  B.  D.  Danner,  Treas.     Tliis  society  dis- 
banded in  April,  1883. 

Manheim  Lodge,  No.  G40,  I.  O.  of  G.  T.,  organized 
Sept.  24,  18G8,  but  was  discontinued  in  1871. 

The  Young  Men's  Ciiri.^tian  Association  of  Man- 
heim was  organized  in  1851),  but  was  discontinued  in 
18(33,  a  large  part  of  ita  members  entering  the  service 
during  the  civil  war.  The  society  was  reorganized  in 
1879,  with  F.  G.  Brosey,  president;  H.  H.  Gingrich, 
secretary,  who  are  its  present  officers  (1883). 

Kauffman  Park.— There  was  no  public  park  in 
the  borough  till  1870,  when  Abraham  Kauff'man  pre- 
sented to  the  Borough  Council  a  tract  of  land  for  park 
purposes.  This  land  was  three  acres  in  extent  and 
contained  a  beautiful  spring.  The  property  has  been 
improved  and  added  to  until  it  now  contains  about 
ten  acres,  and  is  a  beautitiil  jnirk  ))roiierty. 

The  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  was  built  first 
in  1770,  and  was  rebuilt  in  1837.  Tlie  lot  upon  which 
the  cliurch  was  built  was  given  by  Baron  Stiegel,  the 
consideration  being  a  red  rose,  to  be  paid  annually. 
The  first  minister  was  Frederick  Augustus  Mjuhlen- 
berg.  From  1849  to  1851,  J.  H.  Jlenger  was  in  ciiarge 
as  minister;  C.  Reese,  in  1852;  G.  Haines,  1857-58; 

D.  P.  Roscnmiller,  1858-64;  J.  R.  Focht,  1864-68; 
Kemper,  18G8;  Jacob  Peters,  1870. 

The  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  was  built  by  a 
Free-Will  Baptist  Society  in  18G4.  Tliey  failed  to  es- 
tnl)liM))  a  succea.sful  organization,  and  in  18G8-69  the 
building  was  purch:ised  by  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
Society.  Tlie  fir.st  minister  was  Samuel  Huff'.  The 
society  is  small,  and  has  no  regular  service. 

St.  Paul's  Protestant  Episcopal  Church.— The 
first  Episcopal  services  held  in  Maidieim  were  con- 
ducted by  G.  W.  Mayer  in  18G1.     On   Feb.  9,  18G2, 


Rev.  A.  M.  Able  conducted  services  in  the  German 
Reformed  Church.  In  1867,  J.  Brinton  White  rented 
the  German  Reformed  Church  and  read  services. 
Duriitg  part  of  1868  the  Rev.  Douglas,  of  Coluiiihiu, 
and  F.  B.  Barker,  of  Lancaster,  conducted  servii-e* 
during  the  week.  In  1869  the  parish  was  orgaiii/ed, 
and  adopted  the  name  of  St.  Paul's  Protestant  Epis- 
copal Church.  The  corner-stone  of  the  prcsfiil 
cliurch  was  laid  in  October,  1869,  by  Rev.  A.  M.  Abl« 
and  F.  B.  Barker,  and  the  building  was  consecrated 
May  3,  1870,  by  Rt.  Rev.  Bishop  Stevens.  The  first 
regular  rector  was  Rev.  A.  Bernstein;  succeeding  him 
were  W.  S.  Bigton,  S.  Edwards,  E.  P.  Brown,  John 
Graham,  William  Thorn,  and  their  present  rector, 
Rev.  John  Graham.  The  first  warden  was  J.  BrinloD 
White.  The  church  officers  (1883)  are  J.  M.  Dur.lap, 
senior  warden  ;  J.  Henry  Moore,  junior  warden. 

St.  Paul's  German  Reformed  Church.— The  exact 
date  of  the  building  of  the  first  German  Reformed 
Church  cannot  be  positively  ascertained,  though  it  it 
claimed  to  have  been  built  in  1769.  The  lots  upon 
which  the  church  was  built  were  deeded  to  Sebastian 
Witmer,  John  Dener,  and  Michael  Katz,  in  trust,  hj 
Michael  Diff'enderfer,  Jlay  22,  1775.  A  new  cliui-ch 
was  built  in  1852.  Tlie  first  minister  was  probably 
Casper  Shaeffer.  The  present  minister  is  S.  B.  Slicaf- 
fer.  Members  of  cousistory,  Philip  Arndt,  Abraham 
Kline,  James  M.  Dunlap,  Henry  C.  Boyd,  John  Ful- 
mer,  Ephraim  Suniniy,  Howard  Gingrich. 

Evangelical  Association.— In  1820  the  first  i 
ciety  of  this  denommatiun   in   Manlieim  was  organ- 
ized by  Rev.  Jacob  Albright  and  John  Seybert.    A* 
they   had  no  church  in  which  to   worship,  servica 
were  held  at  the  private  houses  of  Catharine  Hassler, 

Jacob  Reich,  and ■  Fasig.     The  first  church  wa) 

built  in  182G  by  Rev.  John  Seybert,  and  was  located  . 
on  the  corner  of  Nortii  Charlotte  and  Cranitz  Streeti 
Tlie  building  committee  was  Rev.  John  .Seybert,  Jacob 
Long,  Jacob  Hassler,  Dr.  Mellinger,  and  Joseph  Lan» 
dice,  and  the  edifice  was  dedicated  by  Rev.  John  Sey» 

bert,  John  Kleinfelter, and Ettinger.  Thisehurch 

was  used  until  1842,  when  it  was  removed,  and  i 
larger  one  e)-ected  on  the  same  site.  This  new  build- 
ing was  called  "  Zion's  Evangelical  Church,"  ar 
erected  by  Rev.  John  vSenszl,  John  Seybert,  and  J.Q,  ' 
Reisner.  Trustees,  Fred.  Danner,  D.  Fisher,  and  J. , 
Musser.  The  ministers  who  have  served  this  chargj 
are  John  Breidenstein,  J.  C.  Reisner,  J.  P.  Leip,  F, 
Hoffman,  L.  Neitz,  Thomas  Sebald,  Jacob  Adams,  ] 
Jacob  Zern,  J.  O.  Lelir,  M.  Dissinger.  From  1860, 
Revs.  R.  Deisher,  R.  Stetzel,  and  F.  P.  Lehr; 
Revs.  R.  Litzenberger  and  T.  Harper;  18G2,  Revs. R.i| 
Litzenberger  and  C.  II.  Baker;  18G3,  Revs.  M.  Dis-' ' 
singer'and  S.  S.  Chubb  ;  1864,  Revs.  M.  Di.ssingeriind 

Fucht;  1865,  Revs.  C.  H.  Baker  and  J.  N.  Mett- 

gar;  186G,  Revs.  C.  H.  Baker  and  J.  C.  Jlornberger; 
1867,  Revs.  J.  Zern  and  J.  Zimmerman  ;  18G8,  Revs.  J. 
Zern  and  A.  M.  Stirk;  1869,  Revs.  Joseph  Spechtand 
A.  M.  Stirk;  1870,  Revs.  Joseph  Specht  and  W.  A.; 


ELIZABETHTOWN   BOROUGH. 


Shoemaker;  1871,  Revs.  William  Weidner  and  U.  H. 
Hersliez;  1872,  Revs.  William  WeiJiier  and  U.  H. 
Hershez;  1873,  Revs.  J.  Laros  and  W.  Black;  1874, 
Revs.  J.  Laros  and  A.  Markley ;  1875,  Rev.  C.  S. 
Brown  ;  187G,  Rev.  J.  M.  Oplinger;  1879,  Rev.  Joseph 
M.  Speoht;  1882,  Rev.  B.  D.  Albright;  1883,  Rev.  B. 
D.  Albright. 

The  society  is  now  erecting  a  fine  building  upon 
the  corner  of  Market  Square  and  Charlotte  Street,  to 
be  called  "  Bishop  Seybert's  Memorial  Church,"  in 
honor  of  the  first  bishop  of  the  denomination  who  re- 
sided near  Manheim.and  who  built  their  first  church. 
The  church  is  to  be  a  fine  brick  structure,  two  stories 
in  height,  surmounted  by  a  cupola  containing  a  clock 
end  a  bell,  and  forty-two  by  seventy-five  feet  in  size. 
The  building  is  under  the  superintendence  of  the  pas- 
tor, B.  D.  Albright.  The  corner-stone  was  laid  July 
29th  by  Rev.  L.  Neitz,  of  Reading,  and  Rev.  B.  D. 
Albright.  The  trustees  of  the  church  are  W.  Litzen- 
berger,  F.  G.  Brosey,  S.  Young,  Samuel  Ruhl,  and 
J.  M.  Yeager.  The  Sunday-school  connected  with 
this  church  has  a  membership  of  over  one  hundred. 
Its  superintendents  are  S.  S.  Young  and  A.  A.  Stauffcr. 
•  United  Brethren  in  Christ.— [It  has  been  imjios- 
gible  to  obtain  any  inforination  in  regard  to  this 
denomination.] 

Borough  Cemetery.— In  connection  with  most  of 
the  cliiirclK-s  there  is  a  cemetery  where  the  people  of 
its  denomination  are  buried.  The  first  borough  ceme- 
tery was  given  to  the  borough  by  Dr.  Michael  Kauf- 
man, but  no  deed  wa.s  made,  and  at  the  time  of  iiis 
death  no  provision  was  made  for  conveying  the  title. 
The  property  was  then  bought  by  the  Borough  Council 
for  forty  dollars. 

Population.— The  population  of  Manheim  borough 
Was  778  in  1850,  85(i  in  18iiU,  1122  in  1870,  and  ItJOG 


caster  County.  Their  son,  Simeon  G.,  was  born  Sept^ 
2,  1844,  at  Manheim,  and  early  removed  to  Sporting 
Hill,  where  his  youth  was  spent.  The  school  of  the 
neighborhood,  and  subsequently  the  Mount  Joy 
Academy,  afforded  him  the  rudiments  of  education, 
after  which  he  engaged  in  labor  on  the  farm.  He 
afterward  embarked  in  the  purchase  and  sale  of  cattle, 
and  later  became  a  successful  auctioneer.  Having 
discerned  in  Manheim  borough  a  wider  field  for  his 
abilities,  he  made  it  his  residence,  and  in  1881  erected 
the  "Summy  House,"  one  of  the  most  attractive 
hotels  in  the  north  portion  of  the  county,  of  which 
he  is  the  successful  landlord.  Mr.  Summy  has  mani- 
fested much  interest  in  the  growth  and  development 
of  Manheim,  and  was  chiefly  instrumental  in  locating 
the  stock-yards  at  that  point.  Through  his  energy  a 
large  and  growing  cattle  trade  has  developed,  which 
is  now  one  of  the  most  active  business  features  of  the 
place.  Mr.  Summy  is  a  meml)er  of  the  order  of 
American  Mechanics,  of  Manheim.  In  politics  he 
is  a  Republican,  though  not  actively  identified  with 
the  political  movements  of  the  day.  He  is  not  iden- 
tified with  any  religious  sect,  but  is  in  sympathy  with 
all  measures  for  the  promotion  of  good  morals  and 
the  vvelfare  of  the  community.  Mr.  Summy  was  mar- 
ried, in  1865,  to  Miss  Mary  A.,  daughter  of  Jacob 
Balmer,  of  Ncllsville.  Their  children  are  Harry  B., 
Elmer  B.  (deceased),  and  Homer  B. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCH. 

SIMEON  GUILFORD  SUJl.MY. 
■  The  Summy  family  are  of  Swiss  descent,  John,  the 
grandfather  of  Simeon  Guilford,  having  lived  at 
Sporting  Hill,  in  Rapho  township,  where  l^e,  was 
both  a  miller  and  a  farmer,  and  also  embarked  in 
various  speculations.  His  children  were  John,  Peter, 
Christian,  Jacob,  David,  Henry,  Elizabeth  (Mrs.  Ens- 
minger),  Anna  (Mrs.  Gibble)^  Maria  (Mrs.  Miller). 
Jacob,  of  this  number,  was  born  near  Neffsville,  in 
Manheim  township,  and  resided  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  during  )iis  youth.  He  succeeded  to  the  oc- 
<ii|>iilion  of  Ills  fathtir,  that  of  a  miller,  and  was  also 
11  popular  landlord.  He  married  Martha,  daughter 
of  Simeon  •Minnich,  and  had  children, — Angeliiie, 
Simeon  G.,  Lavinia,  Henry  C.-  Jacob,  John,  Emma, 
Ciitlicrine,  and  Annft,  of  whom  four  are  decca.-ed. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Summy  still  survive,  and  reside  in  Lau- 


CH  AFTER   XXXIII.     • 

ELIZ.\1)ETHT0\VX    BOROLKJH. 

Titles-The  Town  Laid  Out.- A  patent  for  the 
lan.l  on  which  Kliziibethtowu  was  afterwards  built 
was  secured  by  Thomas  Harris,  an  Indian  trader,  who 
then  lived  on  Conewago  Creek,  on  Nov.  12,  1746. 
Harris  and  his  wile  Mary,  on  July  15,  1751,  sold  the 
farm,  which  included  several  hundred  acres,  to  Laza- 
rus Lowrey,  and  he  and  his  wife  Ann  conveyed  the 
property,  on  June  13,  1753,  to  Barnabas  Hughes,  who 
laid  out  what  is  now  the  western  part  of  the  borough 
the  same  year.  The  town  was  named  after  his  wife. 
Hughes  was  a  tavern-keeper,  and  had  lived  on  the 
Fa.xton  road  a  number  of  years  prior  to  this  time. 
He  died  in  January,  17G5,  and  left  his  property  to 
his  sons  Daniel,  John,  Barnabas,  and  Samuel.  To 
the  last  named  the  other  brothers  rel-eased  the  land, 
and  he  having  in  the  mean  time  become  a  resident  of 
Hartford  County,  Md.,  sold  to  Alexander  Boggs  on 
Oct.  28,  1790,  two  hundred  and  thirty  acres  on  the 
northwest  side  of  Elizabethtown  for  ^1360. 

George  Wealand  bought  this  tract  from  Alexander 
Boggs  and  Ann  Boggs,  his  wife,  on  Feb.  21,  1809,  ahil 
laid  out  upon  it  an  addition  to  the  town  in  1812. 

A  portion  of  the  town  site  was  also  included  in  a 
tract  patented  in  1785  by  Christopher  and  Mary  Etter, 


HISTORY   OF   L 


NCASTER  COUNTY. 


/ho  sold  a  purt  Aug.  4,  1791,  to  Isaac  and  Barbara  Kbeiug   about  equidistant  and  considerably  removeil 
Ream,  and  tlii-y  sold  one-half  to.Midiael  and  Eliza-     jjrom  the  larger  towns,  almost  exactly  eighteen  miles 


beth  Keeby,  Jan.  21, 1795.  The  main  portton-ijr  that 
half  was  sold  by  them  to  Martin  Stouffer  on  May  2, 
1814,  and  by  him  to  Dr.  John  Eberlc,  of  Salome,  and 
Samuel  Z.  Geehr,  of  Manheim,  on  June  18th  of  the 
same  year.  On  Aug.  20, 1S14,  Eberle  and  Geehr  sold 
to  Henry  Brubaker  and  Mahlon  Roberts,  both  of 
Manheim,  about  forty-five  acres,  receiving  therefor 
nine  thousand  dollars.'  Christopher  Etter  had  laid 
out  some  lots,  probably  in  1791 ;  Reeby  had  laid  out 
some  later,  and  now  (1814)  Brubaker  and  Roberts 
made  an  addition  of  one  hundred  and  forty  lots, 
which  they  advertised  to  be  disposed  of  by  lottery  at 
one  hundred  and  ten  dollars  per  ticket. 

Another  addition  was  made  as  late  as  1861,  Kirk 
Few  and  11.  A.  Wade  laying  out  on  January  2()th  of 
that  year  seven  lots  of  forty  feet  front  each  on  Man- 

Development  of  the  Town.— Early  Settlers.'— 
Reluming  to  the  origin  of  the  town,  we  find  that  it 
was  a  natural  sequence  of  its  site  having  been  upon 
the  great  trail  from  Philadelphia  to  the  West.  This 
old  Indian  path  as  the  country  became  settled  was 
the  road  of  the  whites,  and  the  present  Lancaster  and 
Ilarrisburg  turnpike  is  almost  identical  with  its  line 
throughout  its  length.  As  the  travel  westward  in- 
creased, and  larger  numbers  of  people  were  obliged 
by  the  necessities  of  trade  and  public  business  to  pass 
to  and  fro  between  Ilarrisburg  and  Philadelphia, 
taverns  were  established  at  frequent  intervals  along 
the  road,  and  one  of  the  earliest  was  within  the  pres- 
ent limits  of  Elizabelhtown, — a  log  house,  situated  on 
the  spot  now  occupied  by  Kolp's  blacksuiith-shop, 
which  withstood  the  ravages  of  time  until  1835.  The 
second  tavern  at  this  place  was  the  "  Black  Horse," 
which  is  still  in  existence  and  serving  the  same  pur- 
pose for  which  it  was  originally  built.  Just  when  it 
was  erected  is  not  known,  but  it  was  probably  prior 
to  the  laying  out  of  the  village  by  Barnabas  Hughes. 
Until  very  recent  years  a  license  was  in  existence 
which  was  granted  to  George  Redsecker  in  the  year 
1757,  and  bore  the  signature  of  George  II.,  as  well,  as 
that  of  the  Provincial  Governor.  It  granted  the 
right  of  selling  wine  and  rum  to  the  general  public, 
but  prohibited  the  sale  of  any  kind  of  liqubij  to  the 
Indians  under  pain  of  a  heavy  penalty.  The  "  Black 
Horse"  was  constructed  of  logs,  as  would  be  evident 
now  were  the  more  recent  weather-boards  removed. 
The  stone  addition  was  made  about  1790,  and  another 
one  in  183G. 

Around  and  near  these  two  taverns,  well  supported 
by  the  travelers  passing  through  the  country,  the  set- 
tlement grew  slowly  until  at  the  time  of  the  Revolu- 
tion   quite   a   thriving   little    village   appeared,   and 

>  Miiny  of  tlio  facts  In  Uila  cliaiiter  liuvo  been  gloHiicil  from  tliu  "  H.nil- 
beUUown  Chronide. 


from  Lancaster,  Harrisburg,  and  Lebanon,  it  became 
a  ph\ce  of  rendezvous  and  a  point  of  trade  for  the  in- 
habitants of  quite  a  large  area  of  country.  Another 
tavern  had  been  built  and  named  the  "  General  Wash- 
ington," and  another,  a  small  log  structure,  stood  where  [ 
Mrs.  George  Patterson  now  lives.  One  of  the  largest  ', 
of  the  log  dwelling-houses  was  upon  the  ground  now  j 
occupied  by  the  buildings  of  E.  Hofl'man  and  Janie*  , 
Lynch.  Another  stood  where  John  Brenemaii't 
residence  now  is,  and  the  others  of  most  consequence 
of  which  the  localities  can  be  identified  were  where  i 
the  residences  of  Mrs.  Wieland,  Mrs.  Julia  Wade,  and 
George  F.  Wagner  now  are,  while  there  was  another 
on  the  lot  west  of  the  "  Black  Horse"  tavern,  and 
altogether  probably  more  than  a  score. 

The  war  brought  hard  times  to  the  little  village,  t» 
it  did  to  nearly  all  localities.  The  price  of  commodi-  , 
ties  increased  to  a  wonderful  extent,  and  land  had 
fallen  to  as  low  a  price  as  nine  pounds  per  acre,  Penn- 
sylvania currency.  A  number  of  the  residents  of 
Elizabethtown  were  absent  from  home  on  military 
duty,  heavy  travel  upon  the  wagon-road  had  almost 
ceased,  and  the  village  wore  a  deserted  and  desolate 
appearance  ;  but  after  the  close  of  the  war  affairs  at 
once  assumed  a  promising  aspect,  and  the  period  of 
progression  lasted  until  the  war  of  1812. 

By  1790,  or  very  soon  afterwards,  another  tavero 
had  been  built.  This  was  in  the  northernmost  part 
of  the  town,  and  was  the  property  of  one  of  the  sons 
of  Barnabas  Hughes,  who  laid  out  the  town.  It  was 
called  the  "  Black  Bear."  What  is  now  the  Greenwalt 
House  was  built  not  long  after  the  Hugiies  inn,  by  a 
Mr.  Coble,  who  also  erected  a  stone  dwelling  adjoin- 
ing it,  in  which  the  post-office  was  at  one  time  kept. 
Still  another  tavern  was  put  up  by  Samuel  Ebersole,  ^ 
a  brick  building,  and  the  second  of  that  kind  in  town. 
A  Mr.  McClutt  kept  a  general  store  about  the  clos? 
of  the  last  century  at  the  northeast  corner  of  the 
square,  in  a  frame  building.  He  owned  the  property 
for  a  number  of  years  and  carried  on  business  there, 
but  finally  sold  it  to  Adam  Campbell,  who  afterwards 
erected  the  present  brick  dwelling  and  store.  On  the 
corner,  where  Jacob  Baxtresscr's  dwelling  and  stor^  .' 
room  now  is,  was  at  that  time  a  log  dwelling,  occu- 
pied by  a  Mr.  Gardner,  who  also  carried  on  in  it  a 
saddle  and  harness  shop,  and  a  short  distance  back  of 
it  was  another  log  building,  in  which  chairs  were' 
manufactured  by  William  Wilson. 

In  1798,  George  Redsecker  was  still  the  keeper  of 
the  "  Black  Horse,"  and  Caleb  Thornberry  was  land- '. 
lord  of  the  "  Black  Bear,"  while  Jacob  Eckert  kept 
the  "General  Washington."  The  last-named  tavern, 
at  the  period  of  which  we  have  been  writing,  the 
closing  years  of  the  last  century  and  early  ones 


the 


2nt,    had 
latof  Ihei 
1800  and  1 


3  into  a  prominence  which 
Black  Horse,"  and  some  lime 
it  surpassed  it.     A  three-story 


ELIZABETHTOWN   BOROUGH. 


613 


Mont- 
1  Lan- 
nearly 
s  built 


building  was  put  up  as  an  addition,  and  tiiis  structure 
was  at  the  time  the  most  imposing  one  in  the  village. 
It  is  to-day  one  of  tlie  most  substantial  in  the  bor- 
ough, notwithstanding  the  fact  that  some  ambitious 
examples  of  modern  architecture  have  taken  their 
places  upon  the  streets.  Its  outer  walls  are  about 
twenty  inches  thick,  and  a  partition  wall  in  the  entry, 
carried  clear  to  the  roof,  is  fourteen  inches  tliick. 
This  building  (which  lias  undergone  several  modifica- 
tions and  changes  of  ownership,  now  in  pos: 
the  Odd-Fellows)  was  erected  by  John  I 
gomery,  Esq.,  a  leading  lawyer  of  his  time 
caster,  and  the  brick  of  which  it  is  built  Wi 
all  brought  from  that  city.  A  brick  stable  was 
at  the  same  time  the  house  was  put  up,  in  which  si.xty 
horses  could  be  stabled.  The  two  buildings  cost  about 
seventeen  thouiJand  dollars.  The  large  addition  to  the 
"General  Washington"  and  the  building  of  the  stable 
were  necessities  caused  by  the  great  increase  in  public 
travel  by  stages  (of  which  we  shall  have  more  to  say 
furtlier  on  in  this  chapter),  and  the  fact  that  this 
tavern  had  been  made  the  stage-office. 

In  the  southwest  part  of  town  was  the  first  brick 
building  put  up  in  its  limits,  that  now  owned  by  A. 
Dissinger.  It  was  originally  a  two-story  building, 
»nd  was  occupied  by  Thomas  Eagan,  who  carried  on 
the  sale  of  general  merchandise.  Below  this  stood  a 
log  or  frame  building,  and  then  came  the  stone  build- 
ing known  as  a  tavern-stand  for  a  number  of  years, 
and  now  occupied  by  Robert  Ross  as  a  store.  The 
brick  building  below  this,  in  which  is  the  Farmers' 
Bank  and  residence  of  Samuel  Eby,  was  built  by 
George  Redsecker. 

As  we  have  heretofore  intimated,  the  running  of 
stage-coaches  and  the  increased  travel  by  other  means 
had  a  marked  effect  upon  the  liveliness  and  prosperity 
of  the  village.  As  a  preliminary  to  this  was  the  im- 
provement of  the  roads,  especially  the  great  east-and- 
west  thoroughfare.  The  Lancaster,  Elizabethtown 
and  Jliddletown  turnpike  was  commenced  in  1805, 
and  finished  without  delay  a  distance  of  twenty-six 
miles.  A  few  years  later  there  was  an  entire  turnpike 
communication  from  Philadelphia  to  Pittsburgh. 
There  was  another  turnpike  which  in  its  palmy  days 
was  of  great  benefit  to  the  place.  This  was  the  Fal- 
mouth pike,  commonly  called  the  Hardscrabjjl.e  pike, 
•and  in  later  years  the  Pumpkin-Vine  pike.  Tlie  road 
■was  built  a  distance  of  si.\  miles  in  1811.  Before  the 
construction  of  the  State  Canal  there  was  a  very  large 
amount  of  travel  over  this  road,  and  it  was  caused  by 
the  fact  that  until  the  construction  of  the  State  Canal 
nearly  all  of  the  freight  shipped  up  or  down  the  Sus- 
quehiinna  was  by  this  dfitour  brought  around  the 
tr.iiibksoine  and  dajigerous  Conewago  Falls  at  Fal- 
mouth. Upon  this  pike  the  heavy  Conestoga  wagons, 
drawn  by  four  or  six  horses,  were  often  seen  in  lines 
of  twenty  or  thirty,  and  they  appeared  also  in  gi'eat 
numbers  upon  the  through  east-and-west  pike,  while 
Btage-coaches   were    also   numerous   upou   the  hilter. 


Caring  for  the  p.issengers  and  drivers  and  horses 
was  a  task  of  considerable  magnitude  and  revenue, 
and  the  taverns  of  that  time  were  well  supported. 
The  scene  of  greatest  activity  w.as  the  "General  Wash- 
ington," which,  as  has  been  remarked,  was  the  stage- 
olfice,  and  had  the  most  extensive  stable;  but  the 
others  obtained  an  incessant  and  extensive  patronage 
from  the  drivers  of  the  great  Conestoga  teams. 

The  breaking  out  of  the  war  of  1812  cast  a  dark 
cloud  over  the  community  for  a  time,  and  some  of  its 
most  active  men  were  drawn  away  from  their  home 
industries  by  the  call  for  soldiers.  Tetrah  Jones  re- 
ceived the  appointment  for  enlisting  soldiers,  and 
had  his  headquarters  at  some  tents  in  the  upper  part 
of  the  town.  Peter  Force,  John  Negley,  Philip 
Fisher,  and  Samuel  Gruber  all  went  into  the  service 
from  this  village.  Peter  Force,  who  was  in  the  ma- 
rine service  and  fought  bravely  on  Lake  Erie,  died 
in  the  borough  in  1SG8,  at  the  age  of  seventy-three 
years. 

After  the  war  business  was  more  prosperous  than 
ever  before,  and  in  a  few  years  some  new  industries 
were   established   which    are    spoken    of    at   greater 
length  elsewhere  in  this  chapter.     By  1820  improve- 
ments had  been  made  in  the  stores,  and  larger  stocks 
of  goods  were  kept  than  formerly.     The  merchants  in 
business  during  the  period  extending  from  this  time 
to  the  year   1825  were   Messrs.  Wagner  &  Brother 
(where    A.    Dissinger    now    is),    Adam    Campbell, 
Robert  Demp.sy,  Samuel  Redsecker,  John  llerr,  and 
William  Campbell.     Produce  of  all  kinds  was  at  that 
time  very  low,  and  was  taken  at  the  stores  in  ex- 
change  for  groceries,  which    were   relatively   much 
!  higher.    Butter  was  six  and  a  quarter  cents  per  pound, 
j  and  eggs  six  to  eight  cents  per  dozen.     Cofl'ee  sold 
j  at  forty  to  fifty  cent^i  per  pound,  sugar  from  twenty 
to  tw'enty-five  cents  per  pound,  and  that  wdiich  was 
called  loaf-sugar,  put  up  in  conical  form,  forty  to  fifty 
cents  per  pouncL     Dry-goods  were  equally  high,  the 
I  common  calico  selling  at  more  than  half  a  dollar  per 
[  yard.     Whiskey  was  sold  by  all  of  the  merchants,  and 
j  an  unadulterated  article  of  good  quality  could  be  pro- 
I  cured  for  ten  or  twelve  cents  per  quart. 
\      At  this  time  (1820-25)  there  were  living  in  the  vil- 
:  lage  a  number  of  the   early  settlers,  men  who  had 
lived  as  far  back  as  the  Revolutionary  war,  and  prom- 
inent  among   them    was   Peter  Schaefler,   who   had 
served  through  its  campaigns  and  returned  to  enjoy 
a  long  and  peaceful  life  in  the  quiet  town.     He  died 
here  in  1848,  and,  as  he  was  born  in  1751,  he  was  in 
his  ninety-eighth  year.     George  Redsecker,  the  early 
landlord  of  the  "  Black  Horse,"  was  living  here  nearly 
as  late  as  the  piTind  of  which  we  have  spoken.     lie 
was  a* captain   in    the    Revolutionary  war,    Lowry's 
battalion,    and    was    at    the    Brandywine   and    Ger- 
m'antown.     He    had   one   son,  Samuel,  and   a  num- 
ber of  his  descendants  are  now  residents  of  the  bor- 
ough.     Simon    (iross,    another  Kevulutionary    char- 
acter,  was   also   living   here   about   1820,  as   well   as 


616 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Frederick  Byrod,  who  had  served  in  the  war  and 
settled  here  soon  after  its  close,  prohably  in  1785. 
Jle  was  a  native  of  Lancaster,  and  born  in  1762.  He 
followed  shoemaking  alter  locating  in  Elizabeth- 
town,  and  was  the  iirst  burgess  of  the  borough.  He 
died  here  in  1840.  His  son  George,  the  only  one  of 
his  thirteen  children  now  living,  was  born  in  Eliza- 
bethtown  in  1802,  and  is  probably  the  oldest  person 
in  the  borough  born  here. 

Stephen  Stephenson,  one  of  the  early  residents  and 
a  store-keeper,  was  a  captain  in  the  Whiskey  Rebel- 
lion. Some  time  after  that  organized  opposition  to 
the  Federal  authority  he  went  to  Philadelphia  to  pur- 
chase goods,  and  soon  after  he  started  back  was  taken 
sick  on  the  stage  with  yellow  fever.  He  returned  to 
Philadelphia  and  died  the  same  day,  such  was  the 
virulence  of  the  disease. 

Among  the  other  settlers  living  in  Elizabethtown 
between  the  years  1812  and  1825  were  Tetrah  Jones 
(a  school-teacher,  who  died  not  long  after  the  war  of 
1812),  Alexander  Kirchener  (landlord  of  the  "  General 
Washington"),  Charles  Wade  (wh(jse  grandchildren 
now  live  in  the  borough),  Michael  Auxer,  John  Heft- 
ley,  James   Close,  George   Walfley,   Andrew  Gross, 

Thomas  Eagan,  John  Herr,  John  Walfley, En- 

gle  (a  saddler), Sayiii-iller,  Joseph  Atwood,  Bern- 
hardt Klouse,  Jacob  Gorgas,  John  George,  Dennis 
Kane,  William  Youse,  Michael  Coble,  William  Wal- 
lace,  Merrow,  John  Willett,  John  Gross,  William 

Heller,  and  Caspar  Young. 

Incorporation— List  of  Borough  Officers,  1828- 
83.— By  1826  the  village  had  so  iiiciea..,ud  in  popu- 
lation that  its  residents  deemed  it  expedient  to  iiave 
a  municipal  government  organized.  Petition  was 
consequently. made  to  the  Legislature,  and  on  April 
13, 1827,  an  act  was  passed  incorporating  the  borough 
of  Elizabethtown.  It  was  the  third  borough  incor- 
porated in  the  county.  Whether  or  not  officers  were 
elected  in  1827  is  uncertain,  but  the  first  showing  on 
the  record  are  those  for  1828.  The  following  is  a  list 
of  those  elected  frojn  that  time  to  the  present,  so  far 
as  the  records  show  tliem  : 


,  Jacob  Peeler;    no  record  of 


HiS.— Buigeai,  Frederick  B.vrod;    Cle 

Council. 
I«i9.— Uurt'ees,  Jiicob  Peeler. 

18:)!.— Biirgesa,  .\udrew  Wade;  Clerk,  George  Byrod.  (    , 

lli.ii.— Uuracss,  William  M.  Baxter;  Clerk,  S.  Furry. 
IK:i3-4C.— No  record. 

Isn.—Uurgeao,  Jackson  Shueffer;  Clerk,  Daniel  Balmer. 
lS4»-4U.—lJurgea3,  Jackson  SUaclTor;  Clerk,  Jacob  lludsocker. 
18Jt^-51. — Burges)*,  Jackson  Sliaeffur;  no  record  lor  cloik. 
1852.— No  record. 
ISJ  I.— Burgi-sa,  Isaac  Redsecker;  Council,  James  Wilson,  Abrm.  Brene- 

Ulan,  Joseph  Clinton,  John  Rhoads,  George  Byrod,  George  \V.  Boyer. 
18.'J4.— Burgess,  Charles  Ebbekee;  Council,   .\.   Brerieman,  George  W. 

Boyr,  Jliuies  Wiliwn,  George  Byrod,  Henry  Boll,  Jacob  Hoster; 

Cirri.,  U    F.  Diier. 
1865.— Burgess,  William  Wilson  ;  Council,  A.  Brenennin,  James  Wilson, 

Henry  Boll,  Jacob  Hoster,  Henry  Shultz,  George  Wealaud  ;  Clerk, 


B.  F. 


1866.- 


857.— Burgess,  James  Wilson  ;  Council,  Henry  Shultz,  George  WsaUuJ,' . 

A.  L.  HiirroufI',  Dr.  S.  Keller,  George  W.  Boyer,  Christ.  Foltz;  Clerk, 

Beury  Harm, my. 
858.— Burgess.  Daniel  Balmer;  Council,  A.  L.  HarroufT,  Dr.  S.  Kelltf, 

G»orge  \V.  Boyer,  Cliri-t.    B'oltz,  Abraham  Greeiiawalt,  Ambnm 

ShruiiJ;  Olelk,  II.   HiuiuoMy. 
859— Rill gts,-,   H.  .^.  W.i 

C.I.   GreeiiHWiill,    Am 

Clerk,  H.  Harmony. 
SGO.— Burgess,  James   Wilson;    Council,   Col.    Greeuawalt,   Anibrot. 

Shroad,  John   Ebeisole,  I'etur  Iloffer,  Philip  Fisher,  Henry  ShulU; 

Cleik,  H.  Harmony. 
SOI.— Bulges.-!,  Jacob  H.  Bletz;  Council,  John  Ehersole,  Peter  Holfw, 

Henry  Shultz,  Philip  Ki^lier,  F.  S.  Bry.m,  W.  Marquart;  Clerk,  H, 

Harmony. 
862— Burgess, GeorgeW.  Boyer;  Council,  Henry  Shultz, Philip  Fisher,  ! 

F.  S.  Bryan,  James  Wilson,  Christian  Foltz,  Jos.  Clinton;  Clerk,   : 

H.  Haniioiiy. 
863.— Burgees,  Jacob  Felix;  Council,?.  S.  Bryan,  James  Wilson,  Joe. 

Clinton,  John  Eby,  A.  L,  Harioufi-,  A.  Harchenrader  ;  Clerk,  J.  W. 

Shaefler.  - 

864.- Burgess,  Henry  Harmony  ;  Council,  Jos.  Clinton,  John  Eby.i 

L.  Harrouff,  A.  Harchenrader,  Jos.  Eckert,  J.  W.  Rooting;  Clerk, J, 

P.  D.ilmer. 
865.— Burge.-s,  .lames  Wilsou  ;  Council,  A.  L.   Harrouff,   A.  Harchen- 
rader, Jos   Eckert,  J.  W.  Iloetiiig,  John  Eby,  Wm.  Baiuej  ;  Clerk, 

H.  T,  Scbullz. 
860  — Bursess,  U.Bieueuian  ;  Council,  Jos.  Eckert,  J.  W.Roeting,  Jobs   . 

El.y,  W  illi.im  Buiney,  John  F.  Balmer,  George  Wealand  ;  Clerk,  B. 

U.  Lehman. 
867  —Burgess,  A.  L.  Harrouff;  Council,  John  Eby,  William  Bilnej, 

John  F.  Balmer,  George  Wealaud,  John  Oldweilcr,  Abraham Greeof 

wall ;  Clerk,  S.  L.  Y.-tter. 
808.- Burgess,  A.  L.  Harrouff;  Council,  John  F.  Balmer,  George  We* 

land,  Abrahitm  Greeuawalt,  Jos.  F.  EcUinger,  Jacob  Felix,  Geurgt 

D.  Lour;  Clerk,  J.  V.  Weigaud. 
869.— Durgcss,  Jacob  Dyer;  Council,  Jos.  F.  Etkinger,  Jacob  Felll, 

George  D.  Lour,  Abiaham  Broiieman,  Samuel  McLauigan,  George 

W.  Boyer;  Clerk,  J.  D.  WeiganJ. 
870.— Burgess,  John  Oldweiler;  Council,  Jos.  F.  Eckinger,  Jacob  Kelll, 

Samuel  JlcLunigaii,  George  W.  Boyor,  Henry  Dissiuger,  John  Eljjj 

Clerk,  J.  D.  W.iganJ. 
871.— Biiigebs,  James  Wilson;  Council,  Samuel  McLanigan,  George  W. 

B"yer,  Henry  Dl^slilt;er,  John  Eby,  George  Wealand,  David  Coble; 

Clelk,J.D.  Welgaiid. 
S72.— Buigess,  Janiei  Wilson;  Council,  Henry  Diasinger,  John  Eby, 

George  Wealand,  J.  B.  Buch,  H.  A.  Wade,  John  Iiigirs  ;  Clerk,  J. 

873— Buigess,  John  Hildebrand;  Council,  J.  B.  Buch,  John  Myeni,  H. 
A.  Wade,  Henry  Dis^inger,  J.C  S.  Hor,t,  Matthew  Siiiipsou;  Clerk, 
J.  D.  Weigand.      ^  , 

874.-Burge63,  John  Hildebrund  ;  Council,  J.  B.  Buch,  John  Myere,  J. 

C.  S.  Hoist,  Slallhew  Simpson,  U.  A.  Wade,  Mai  tin  Hess  ;  Clerk,  J. 

D.  Weigand. 

875  —Burgess,  Daniel  Balmer  ;  Council,  J.  C.  S.  Horst,  MatthewSimpi. 

son,  H.  A.  Wade,  Martin  Hess,  G.  D.  Lour,  Martin  Kolp;  Clerk,  J. 

D.  Wiegiuid. 
870.— Burge~s,  A.  Harchenrader;    Council,  H.  A.  Wade,  Maitin  Hen, 

G.  D.  Lour,  Martin  Kolii,  Samuel  Epier,  Abiaham  Greiiier  ;  Clerk, 

J.  D.  Weigand. 
.877— Biugesi,  A.  Harchenrader;  Council,  G.   D.  Lour,  Martin  Kolp 

Clerk,  J.  D.  Weigand. 
878.— Burgess,  A.   Harcliennider ;    Council,  Samuel    EpIer,  Abraham 

Greiner,    Martin   Hess,  M.iltliew  Simpson,  H.  A.   Wado,    J.  0.  8. 

Hor-t;  Clelk,  J.  D.  Weigand.  .■: 

879.— Burgess,  J.  H.  Brubaker ;  Council,  Martin  Hess,  Matthew  Slmj.'- 

son,  U.  A.  Wade,  J.  C.  S.  Hoist,  U.  D.  Courtney,  B.  G.  Groff;  Clerk, 

J.  D.  Weigand. 
880— Burgess,  A.  Harcheurader ;  CoHncIl,  H.  A.  Wtidi-,  J.  C.  S.  Hunt, 

D   D.  Courlii.y,  B.C.  GrotI,  J.  G.  Slauffer,  I'lillip  Singer ;  Cleik.J. 


881.- 


isb,  G.  D.  Lour;  c 


I  Greii 


ELIZABETHTOWN   BOROUGH. 


617 


a.— Burgess,  J.  H.  Brubaker  ; 
AbruluimGreiuer,  Miiitiu  Hm3,  J.  G.  SUuEfer,  Ai 
J.  D.  Wei-aud. 

JUSTICES   OF   THE   PEACE." 


Jicob  ReJaecker,  April  14, 1840. 
George  liyrode,  April  14,  1S40. 
George  Byrodu,  April  15,  1846. 
J»c».b  R.-dsfcliiT,  Ajinl  16,  1S45. 
J«cob  nedscclier,  April  9,  1850. 
Diuiel  Bulmer,  April  9, 1850. 
George  B>  rode,  April  11,  1854. 
Iliwc  Hoflor,  April  10, 1855. 
Henry  U.  Breneniaii,  June  10, 1868. 
George  Byrodo,  April  10,  1859. 
Henry  W.  Brentman,  April  14, 1803. 


Samuel  Eby,  April,  1864. 
George  Byrodo,  Aijril,  1865. 
Daniel  Buluier,  Apjil,  1868. 
Jiinies  LyUL-h,  April,  18C.8. 
George  Byrode,  April,  1S7U. 
Henry  Iliirmony,  April,  1873. 
Samuel  Eby,  April,  1875. 
J.  B.  Decker,  April,  1878. 
Henry  Harmony,  April,  1880. 
John  W.  Sliaffer,  April,  1880. 
Jobn  B.  Docker,  April,  1883. 


Schools.— Little  that  is  authentic  can  be  said  con- 
cerning the  early  history  of  the  schools  in  this  bor- 
ough. The  first  were,  of  course,  in  all  es.sential  par- 
ticulars like  the  primitive  schools  of  other  new 
settlements. 

About  tlie  beginning  of  the  present  century  a  log 
building,  which  had  originally  served  as  a  place  of 
worship  for  the  Catholics,  was  supplanted  so  far  as 
religious  purposes  were  concerned  by  a  finer  structure 
and  devoted  instead  to  educational.  A  school  was 
kept  ill  it  for  many  years  prior  to  1840.  There  was 
another  log  school-house  in  the  village,  the  site  of 
which  was  afterwards  occupied  by  a  brick  school- 
house.  This  was  afterwards  used  as  a  public  hall  and 
then  as  a  dwelling-house,  and  is  now  owned  by  Henry 
Boll. 

In  1843  the  borough  accepted  by  vote  the  conditions 
of  the  free  school  law  of  18-34.  The  western  or  upper 
portion  of  Mount  Joy  township  and  also  Conoy  town- 
eliip  then  voted  here  as  well  as  the  inhabitants  of  the 
borough.  The  question  of  "  free  school"  or  "  no  free 
kIiooI"  was  to  be  decided  in  Mount  Joy  township 
and  Elizabethtown  by  a  majority  of  the  combined 
vote  of  town  and  country  ;  a  majority  in  Elizabetlitown 
were  in  favor  of  free  schools,  but  the  majority  op- 
posed to  the  system  iu  the  country  would  have  over- 
whelmed them  had  it  not  been  for  an  unforeseen  cir- 
cumstance. It  so  happened  that  when  the  sun  rose 
on  the  day  of  election  it  revealed  a  heavy  snow  three 
feet  in  depth  and  in  many  places  covering  the  fences. 
This  prevented  the  country  opposition  from  coming 
into  town  to 'cast  their  ballots,  and  the  P^lizabethtown 
yoters  easily  carried  the  day. 

"The  following  day,"  says  Mr.  Baer,  in  his*'iRemi- 
nisceuces,"  "showed  how  strong  the  opposition  would 
have  told  against  the  free-schoolers,  for  the  country 
people  came  to  town  on  horseback,  in  sleighs  and 
sleds,  and  on  foot  by  the  hundreds,  and  sought  the 
justice's  office  to  upset  the  election  of  the  day  pre- 
vious. Such  another  hullabaloo  among  the  seem- 
ingly finiot  and  staid  country-people  you  never  could 
have  imagined.  It  was  at  times  thought  the  matter 
would  end  in  a  row,  or  that  the  town  would  stand  in 
danger  of  being  besieged.     An  event  took  place  that 


did  more,  in  all  probability,  to  bring  about  quiet 
and  peace  than  forty  speeches  could  have  effected." 
In  the  office  of  the  justice  of  the  peace  (Jacob  Red- 
secber)  there  was  a  large  box  stove,  in  which  roared 
and  crackled  a  huge  fire  of  dry  hickory.  The  stove 
was  almost  red  hot,  the  room  crowded  and  uncom- 
fortably warm,  although  outside  the  mercury  was 
down  nearly  to  zero.  Finally,  when  the  temper  of 
the  angry  mob  as  well  as  the  atmosphere  had  reached 
its  highest  heat,  and  an  outbreak  was  not  unex- 
pected, there  came  a  sudden  change.  Every  man  in 
the  room  was  seized  with  a  short  hacking  cough  or  a 
rasping  sneeze.  All  rushed  for  the  door  and  fresh 
air.  The  room  was  cleared  in  less  time  than  it  had 
taken  to  tell  it,  and  the  remonstrators  against  the 
result  of  the  election,  effectually  beaten,  in  a  few 
hours  wended  their  way  homeward.  Some  mis- 
chievous person  had  thrown  a  large  handful  of  red 
pe|)per  upon  the  stove. 

The  free  schools  were  put  in  operation  very  soon 
after  the  acceptance  of  the  law.  In  1855  there  were 
two  in  the  borough,  each  employing  one  teacher,  and 
the  total  number  of  pupils  was  one  hundred  and 
forty-three.  The  amount  of  tax  levied  was  three 
hundred  and  twenty  dollars,  and  the  amount  received 
from  the  State  appropriation  sixty-four  dollars  and 
five  cents.  The  cost  of  instruction  was  three  hun- 
dred and  twenty-five  dollars. 

Under  the  old  system  of  schools  the  best  was  un- 
doubtedly one  kept  by  Dr.  J.  W.  B.  Dobler,  and  in 
it  a  number  of  the  leading  citizens  of  the  borough  as 
well  as  many  who  have  found  residence  elsewhere 
obtaine<l  their  early  education. 

Under  the  new  system,  adopted  by  the  vote  of  1843, 
there  was  a  slow  but  steady  improvement,  in  which 
the  most  noticeable  event  was  the  building  of  the 
new  school-house  in  1873-74.  This  was  a  step  ren- 
dered necessary  by  the  increased  attendance  and  grow- 
ing educational  oecessities.  The  first  move  towards 
the  accomplishment  of  the  result  was  upon  the  7lh  of 
October,  when  A.  Harchenrader,  Samuel  GrofF,  and 
Levi  Coble  were  appointed  a  committee  to  see  where 
ground  could  be  most  advantageously  purchased. 
This  was  followed,  November  5th  of  the  same  year, 
by  the  whole  board  constituting  them.selves  as  a  com- 
mittee, as  follows:  A.  Harchenrader,  president;  H.T. 
Schultz, secretary ;  Emanuel  Hoffman, treasurer;  Levi 
Coble,  Cyrus  Sweigart,  and  Samuel  GrofF;  and  the  re- 
sult of  their  conference  was  the  selection,  in  January, 
1873,  of  the  lot  on  which  the  present  school-house 
stands,  which  was  purchased  of  Mr.  S.  Detweiler  for 
eight  hundred  dollars.  A  petition  was  made  to  the 
court  to  authorize  the  board  to  borrow  five  thimsand 
dollars,' and  a  vote  was  taken  of  the  taxable  citizens, 
which  resulted  in  a  majority  in  favor  of  the  proceed- 
ing. The  board  subsequently  made  application  for 
authority  to  borrow  an  additional  five  thousand  dol- 

building  io.se  sixty-lour  by  forty-eight.     The  mason- 


618 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


and  brick-work  was  done  by  Samuel  IMcLanachan, 
the  carpentry  by  Cyrus  Sweigart,  who  resigned  from 
the  board  to  take  charge  of  it,  and  tlie  painting  con- 
tract was  awarded  to  Jamea  Wilson.  Tlie  dedication 
of  the  structure,  completed  and  furnished  at  a  cost 
of  twelve  thousand  dollars,  took  place  May  5,  1874, 
under  the  auspices  of  the  board,  to  wit:  President, 
Emanuel  Hofl'man;  Treasurer,  Levi  Coble;  Secre- 
tary, H.  T.  Schultz;  Robert  Ross,  Samuel  Patterson. 
A  large  procession,  headed  by  the  band,  marched 
from  Boll's  Hall  to  the  new  building,  and  addresses 
were  made  there  by  Rev.  G.  H.Trabert,  David  Evans, 
Esq.,  W.  H.  Duhiing,  W.  A.  Wilson,  Esq.,  William 
Riddle,  and  Professor  B.  F.  Shaub,  county  superin- 
tendent. The  first  teachers  in  the  new  building  were 
G.  W.  Irwin,  principal ;  Miss  A.  Engle,  Miss  C.  Gable, 
and  Miss  M.  Kuhns. 

The  statistical  report  for  1882  shows  that  Eliza- 
bethtown  has  four  schools,  in  each  of  which  one 
teacher  is  employed,  two  being  gentlemen  and  two 
ladies.  The  number  of  pupils  is  two  hundred  and 
seventy-one.  The  total  receipts  were  S4141.G2,  of 
which  amount  only  $213.44  was  from  the  State  appro- 
priation, and  the  total  expenditures  were  S3981.15,  of 
which  SliyO  was  paid  as  teachers'  wages,  and  §2791.15 
for  all  other  expenses.  The  liabilities  were  put  down 
at  $5339.53. 

Christ's  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church.'— This 
congregation  was  in  existence  long  bel'ore  the  Revolu- 
tionary war,  but  as  the  early  records  are  very  defec- 
tive, its  history  cannot  be  as  completely  presented  as 
we  would  wish  it.  According  to  existing  church 
books  the  earliest  regular  pastor  who  can  authorita- 
tively be  mentioned  as  laboring  here  was  the  Rev. 
Mr.  England,  who  began  in  1752.  Until  about  1775 
services  were  held  in  a  dwelling  several  miles  from 
Elizabethtown,  which  was  subsequently  enlarged  and 
converted  into  a  church,  .\bout  1780  a  log  cliurch 
building  was  erected  in  Elizabethtowu  in  which  ser- 
vices were  held  for  more  than  a  score  of  years.  On 
July  1,  1804,  the  corner-stone  of  the  present  church 
was  laid.  The  house  was  consecrated  Oct.  11,  1807. 
Following  is  a  list  of  the  pastors  from  1752  to  the 
present,  with  the  dates  of  the  beginning  of  their 
respective  pastorates:  Rev.  England,  1752;  Rev. 
Tilling  (date  unknown) ;  Rev.  Ilorsel,  17Gp  ;  Rev.  J. 
H.  Chr.  Helmuth,  1769;  M.  Enderline,  1771 ;  J.  D. 
Schroeder,  1778;  J.  V.  Melsheimer,  1782;  J.  W. 
Kurz,  1786;  P.  Bentz,  1792;  J.  P.  Ernst,  1802;  J. 
P.  Cramer,  1806;  W.  G.  Ernst,  1812;  J.  Strein,  1815; 
J.  Speck,  1823;  F.  Ruthrauff,  1829;  J.  H.  Bernheim, 
1832;  L.  Gerhart,  1838;  William  Gerhart,  1847;  M. 
Souilhaiis,  1852;  William  G.  Laitzle,  1854;  J.  W. 
Early,  1866;  F.' W.  Weiskotten,  1868;  G.  H.  Tra- 
bcrt,  1873;  IL  J.  H.  Lemcke,  1877;  JG.  S.  Seaman, 
1882.  This  congregation  was  formerly  embraced  in 
an  extensive  pastoral  charge  which  included  congre- 


gations at  Mount  Joy,  Maytown,  Bainbridge, 
Colebrook.  Gradually  the  size  of  the  charge 
lessened  until  the  spring  of  1882,  when  this  congre- 
gation decided  to  call  a  pastor  of  its  own  and  coO' 
stitute  a  se])arate  clnirge.  Tlie  church  has  now  aboul 
two  lAindred  and  twenty-five  communicants  and  » 
flourishing  Sun. hiy-schoi.l. 

Christ  Reformed  Church-  was  organized  about 
the  year  1740  in  what  was  then  Donegal,  now  We«t 
Donegal  township,  about  one  mile  south  of  its  pre««' 
ent  location.  In  1767,  Peter  Blazer  and  his  wifecon«] 
veyed  one  acre  of  land  to  the  congregation  for  thj; 
consideration  of  twenty  shillings,  lawful  money  of; 
Pennsylvania,  and  an  annual  rental  of  one  gfaifi  of 
wheat.  The  deed  says  that  "  it  is  a  piece  of  ground' 
on  which  the  church  in  whicb  Rev.  Conrad  Bucher 
is  pastor  now  stands."  The  trustees  were  Leonard; 
Negley,  Simon  Carbach,  Johannes  Thominah,  Nich- 
olas Rizecker,  and  George  Rizecker.  This  church^ 
was  known  as  Blazer's  Church.  The  early  recordi' 
and  some  later  ones  were  lost  a  few  years  ago  in  th» 
burning  of  the  house  of  the  secretary  of  the  consis-' 
tory.  Before  the  pastorate  of  Rev.  Conrad  Bucher, 
Rev.  Christian  Henry  Ranch  was  pastor  in  1746. 
He  performed  extensive  missionary  labors  among  tha 
Indians.  During  his  ministry  the  earliest  record  in. 
our  possession  begins.  His  charge  covered  conside> 
able  territory,  viz.,  Heidelberg,  Tulpehocken,  Miihl- 
bach,  Matthias  Dietz's,  Swatara,  Que-to-pa-hil-la, 
Donegal,  Warwick,  Leonard  Bender's,  Lancaster, 
Mode  Creek,  Coventry  (Chester  County),  Oley  (Berh 
County),  and  Skippack  and  Goshenhoppen  in  Mont- 
gomery County.  In  1747  the  congregation  was  visited 
by  Rev.  Michael  Schlatter,  the  "father  of  the  Ee- 
formed  Church  in  the  United  States."  The  next  pw- 
tor  was  the  Rev.  Conrad  Templeinan.  Then  camo 
Rev.  Bucher,  mentioned  in  the  deed.  He  came  to  thii 
country  as  an  officer  in  the  Indian  wars.  His  chnrgo" 
was  even  more^extensive  than  Ranch's.  During  th* 
war  of  the  Revolution,  from  1777  to  1784,  Rev.  Joha' 
William  Runkel  became  the  pastor.  He  was  suo-j 
ceeded  by  Rev.  Ludwig  Lupp.  Then  came  the  pas^, 
torate  of  Rev.  Jonathan  Heister.  The  old  log  cliurcl 
no  longer  met  the  wants  of  tlie  congregation,  and,  in^ 
asmuch  as  a  town  liad  been  laid  out  and  settled  upoo 
the  turnpike,  a  new  church  was  built.  Thus  in  1815 
the  corner-stone  of  the  present  church  was  laid. 
Rev.  Henry  Shairner  was  jiastor.  His  pastorate  wai 
the  longest  in  the  history  of  the  congregation,  extend 
ing  over  a  period  of  thirty-four  years.  The  lot  on 
which  the  new  church  was  built  was  donated  by 
Leonard  Negley,  and  a  few  ye;irs  later  his  residence 
was  purchased  as  a  parsonage.  This  was  afterwardi 
sold -by  the  trustees.  After  his  resignation  the  con^ 
gregation  passed  under  a  cloud  of  adversity.     He  wa« 

followed  by  Revs. Ilelfenstein  and  John  Hoff- 

hems,  who  served  brief  jiastorates.     Then  for  many 


^  m 


ELIZABETHTOWN   BOROUGH. 


years  the  church  was  supplied  by  ministers  from 
neighboring  charges  until  1857,  when  tlie  Rev.  John 
Nailhi  became  pastor.  During  his  pastorate  the  con- 
gregation recovered  much  of  its  former  strength ; 
tlie  church  was  modernized  at  considerable  expense. 
For  some  reason,  however,  the  latter  half  of  the  pas- 
torate witnessed  a  serious  decline  in  prosperity.  He 
resigned  in  1868,  and  was  followed  by  Rev.  J.  G. 
Fritchey  as  supply.  He  labored  faithfully  and  suc- 
cessfully for  six  years,  during  which  time  the  church 
was  roused  into  new  life.  He  was  instrumental  in 
erecting  a  fine  parsonage.  In  1874,  Rev.  J.  H.  Pan- 
nebecker,  the  present  incumbent,  became  pastor. 
During  his  pastorate  the  congregation  prospered 
greatly.  The  membership  rose  from  sixty  to  one 
hundred  and  forty,  the  church  was  renovated  and 
beautified,  and  the  congregation  may  once  more  be 
ranked  among  the  leading  ecclesiastical  organizations 
in  the  community. 

St.  Peter's  Roman  Catholic  Church.'— Among 
the  first  Catholics  who  settled  near  Elizabethtown  of 
whom  we  have  certain  knowledge  were  Henry  Eck- 
enroth  and  family,  Conrad  and  Andrew  Gross,  George 
Witman,  Peter  and  Anthony  Youtz,  John  Kauft'man, 
and  others,  who  came  here  in  or  about  the  year  1752. 
Almost  contemporaneous  with  these  were  the  Eckels 
(now  called  Eagles),  Allwines,  Wades,  Myers,  Mas- 
tersons,  Ovendorfs,  Wilsons,  and  others.  The  first 
regular  divine  services  were  held  in  the  house  of  Mr. 
Henry  Eckenroth,  and  as  most  of  the  people  were 
Germans,  so  the  priests  who  at  that  time  attended  this 
mission  were  German  missionaries,  whose  headquar- 
ters were  with  the  Jesuit  Father.s  at  Conewago,  a  sta- 
tion near  Hanover,  York  Co.,  Pa.  In  or  about  the 
year  1708  a  log  church  was  erected  near  the  present 
site  of  St.  Peter's,  and  named  St.  Mary's  of  the  As- 
sumption. This  building  was  in  use  until  the  year 
1799,  when  the  new  stone  church  was  ready  for  divine 
worship  and  called  St.  Peter's.  Father  Louis  Barth, 
who  lived  and  was  as.sociated  with  the  Rev.  Michael 
Egan  (afterwards  the  first  Bishop  of  Philadelphia)  at 
Lancaster,  had  charge  of  this  then  growing  congrega- 
tion in  the  year  1795,  and  to  his  zeal  and  energy  this 
present  old  church  is  mainly  due,  and  his  memory  is 
still  warmly  cherished  by  the  children  whose  parents 
dearly  loved  Father  Barth.  8  | 

On  the  10th  day  of  July,  1798,  the  congregation 
was  visited  by  the  Right  Rev.  Bishop  John  Carroll, 
the  first  and  at  that  time  the  only  bishop  in  the 
United  States.  The  church  continued  to  be  in  charge 
of  the  inirish  prie-st-s  of  Lancaster,  notably  among 
whom  was  the  venerable  and  well-known  Father 
Tlernnrd  Ktennn,  who  took  charge  of  this  mission  in 
till'  year  1825,  ;ind  continued  its  pastor  until  1832, 
when  the  Kcv.  Michael  Curran,  wdio  resides  at  Har- 
risburg,  became  pastor,  under  whose  administration 
the  rear  portion  was  added  to'the  church,  which  gives 


it  its  present  cruciform  shape.  Father  Curran  was 
succeeded  in  1835  by  the  Very  Rev.  W.  Steinbacker, 
S.J.,  who  in  turn  was  followed  by  the  popular  Father 
Piefcc  Maher,  of  Harrisburg,  Pa.  In  the  year  1840, 
the  Rev.  F.  X.  Marshall  was  appointed  resident  pas- 
tor. Besides  making  many  improvements  in  the 
church.  Father  Marshall  directed  the  building  of  the 
parsonage  which  adjoins  the  church.  Father  Jlar- 
shall  was  succeeded  in  1853  by  the  Rev.  M.  Filan,  at 
present  the  honored  pastor  of  the  Church  of  the  An- 
nunciation, in  Philadelphia,  who  in  turn  was  followed 
by  the  lamented  Father  John  McCosker,  who  at  the 
opening  of  the  late  Rebellion  entered  the  army  as 
cliaplain,  and  after  the  war  the  good  and  patriotic 
Father  John  lingered  a  short  time  in  the  hospital  at 
Philadelphia,  where  he  died  in  1865.  At  this  time 
the  principal  members  of  the  congregation  consisted 
of  Messrs.  James  Ferry,  Henry  Shitz,  Joseph  Strauss, 
J.  Lynch,  J.  Halbleib,  Henry  Boll,  Andrew  Wade, 
Anthony  Herkenroether,  H.  A.  Wade,  Daniel  O'Don- 
nell,  John  and  Francis  Eagle.  James  Boyle,  Edward 
Sweeny,  Paul  Witman,  Conrad  Shafler,  S.  Ulrick, 
and  others,  all  well-known  families  of  Elizabethtown 
and  vicinity  at  the  present  time.  The  priest  who 
succeeded  Father  McCosker  was  the  Rev.  Hugh  Ma- 
gorien,  who  died  and  was  buried  here  in  1864. 
Father  John  J.  ilcllvaine  then  took  charge,  who  in 
turn  was  followed  by  the  Rev.  Charles  McMonigle, 
under  whose  pastorate  an  important  addition  was 
made  to  the  parsonage.  Father  Neal  McMenamia 
followed  in  the  year  1877,  and  to  his  zeal  and  energy 
is  especially  due  the  opening  of  a  way  leading  from 
the  main  street  to  the  church,  called  St.  Peter's  Ave- 
nue, an  improvement  useful  as  it  is  beautiful. 

Father  McMenamin  was  succeeded  in  the  year 
1879  by  the  present  pastor.  Rev.  J.  C.  Foin,  who  has 
been  very  successful  in  making  many  new  and  neces- 
sary improvements  in  and  about  the  church.  During 
his  pastorate  stained-glass  windows  of  beautiful  de- 
sign and  figures  were  put  in  the  church  ;  also  a  tower 
and  bell  were  added.  The  bell,  the  largest  in  town, 
was  presented  by  Mr.  Henry  Boll.  Other  improve- 
ments, such  as  jiaintings  and  statuary  of  rare  beauty, 
were  recently  added,  so  that  the  church  is  one  of  the 
handsomest  as  well  as  one  of  the  oldest  in  the  county. 

The  Church  of  God  (Winebrennarian)  was  or- 
ganized ill  1837  at  the  house  of  Michael  Cramer,  and 
originally  consisted  of  just  six  members, — Abram 
Brenneman,  Michael  Cramer,  Mrs.  M.  Cramer,  Jlar- 
tha  Kopp,  Hannah  Kopp,  and  Margaret  Cramer. 
The  first  preaching  to  which  these  people  and  a  lim- 
ited congregation  listened  was  in  the  brick  school- 
house.  This  and  other  places  of  worship  served  the 
little  cliurch  as  a  place  for  weekly  meetings  until 
July,  1853,  when  their  present  church  was  finished 
and  appropriately  dedicated.  Rev.  John  Winebrenner 
preacliing  the  sermon  on  that  occasion.  The  first 
settled  pastiirof  the  church  was  Rev.  Jacob  Keller, 
who  located   in    lilizabcthtown   in   1838.     Following 


620 


HISTORY   OP  LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


him,  in  1840,  came  Rev.  E.  H.  Tliomas.  Since  liis 
time  the  succession  has  been  as  follows,  the  pastors 
usually  serving  two  years:  Revs.  Joseph  Ross,  1842  ; 
E.  H.  Thomas,  1844;  Joseph  H.  Bambarger,  George 
U.  Horn,  Thomas  Strom,  1845 ;  David  Kaylor,  1847  ; 
Abram  Snider,  William  Mulleni.x,  Jesse  Hafleigh, 
Jacob  Keller,  1849;  Carlton  Price,  1850;  Abram 
Swartz,  1852;  Jacob  Keller,  1863  ;  J.  Hafleigh,  1855; 
George  Zeigler,  1857 ;  Carlton  Price,  1861  ;  J.  S. 
Staum,  18(j3;  E.  H.  Thomas,  1864;  A.  Swartz,  1865; 
W.  O.  Oweu,  1866;  Thomas  Beam,  1868;  J.  W.  De- 
shong,  1869;  J.  C.  Seabroks,  1872;  J.  W.  Felix,  1873; 
D.  S.  Shook,  1874;  J.  M.  Speese,  1877  ;  Joseph  B. 
Lockwood,  1879 ;  S.  B.  Howard,  1881 ;  S.  W.  NaiU, 
1882.  The  church  has  a  membership  of  about  seventy- 
five,  is  in  a  flourishing  condition  both  spiritually  and 
temporally,  and  has  in  the  past  year  given  indication 
of  the  latter  by  the  erection  of  a  fine  parsonage  at  a 
cost  of  twelve  hundred  dollars. 

The  United  Brethren  Church  was  organized  in  or 
prior  to  1852.  The  present  house  of  worship  was  pur- 
chased in  the  year  mentioned  from  the  Winebrenna- 
riaus,  or  Church  of  God.  The  congregation  is  small, 
and  is  ministered  to  at  present  by  the  Rev.  L.  R. 
Kramer,  who  has  three  or  four  other  ap[)ointments  in 
the  county. 

Post-Office.— It  is  probable  that  the  Elizabethtown 
post-otfice  was  established  as  early  as  1781;  and  that 
George  Redsecker  was  the  first  postmaster.  The  mail 
was  received  and  dispensed  at  his  tavern,  the  "  Black 
Horse,"  for  many  years.  The  names  of  the  postmas- 
ters prior  to  the  last  half-century  cannot  be  obtained, 
but  the  succession  since  1832  has  been  as  follows: 
1832,  James  McLaughlin;  1836,  Jacob  Redsecker; 
1840,  Samuel  Redsecker;  1848.  John  Lynch;  1852, 
B.  F.  Baer;  1855,  John  A.  Gross;  1860,  William 
Wagoner;  1866,  Miss  Annie  Wieland;  1878,  Miss 
Rosa  Raudabush.  The  office  lias  been  kept  succes- 
sively in  the  Black  Horse  tavern,  J.  Dyers'  building, 
the  stone  dwelling  of  Robert  Ross,  in  Andrew  Dis- 
senger's  store-room,  and  in  that  of  J.  .V.  &  A.  G.  Gross, 
in  Lewiu's  building. 

Financial— Borough  Scrip— A  Bank.— During 
the  period  of  depression  following  the  financial  panic 
of  1837  the  borough,  like  several  others  in  the  county, 
i.ssued  promissory  notes,  or,  as  they  were  afterwards 
contemptuously  called,  "  shinplastcrs,"  in  deiiomina- 
tions  of  61  cents  ("  fips"),  12.}  cents  ("levies"),  25 
and  50  cents,  and  probably  some  for  larger  amounts. 
These  were  quite  a  convenience  to  the  business  com- 
munity. They  were  roughly  engraved  and  printed 
on  an  old  Franklin  hand-press  in  this  place  by  a  Ger- 
man printer  named  Lietli,  as  were  also  those  issued  by 
the  borough  of  INIarietta.  When  the  burgess  of  the 
latter  place  came  to  fool  up  his  accounts  alter  redeem- 
ing in  specie  the  notes  that  were  presented,  he  found 
that  he  had  redeemed  about  sjx  hundred  dollars'  worth 
more  than  had  becji  issued.  It  was' then  discoveied 
tlial  mnny  of  tliu  notes   were  counterfeits,  and  sus- 


picion pointing  to  the  printer  steps  were  taken 
towards  his  arrest.  Lieth  doubtless  suspected  thai 
he  was  watched,  for  a  fire  occurred  in  the  chimney 
of  liis  printing-office  one  morning,  which  the  citizem 
were  very  sure  destroyed  the  blocks  and  other  articli 
whiclr  would  have  criminated  him,  and  he  soon  after 
left  town. 

It  was  not  until  1869  that  the  people  were  g 
the  benefit  of  a  regular  financial  institution.     In  that"! 
year  the  present  Farmers'  Bank  was  organized,  with 
the  following  officers,  viz.:  President,  Abraham  Col- 
lins; Cashier,  Samuel  Eby  ;  Clerk,  John  Hertzler. 

Samuel  Eby.— The  progenitor  of  the  Eby  family 
in  America,  if  tradition  be  correct,  is  Theodore  Eby,' 
a  Swiss  Mennonite,  who,  having  suftered  religious  pe^ 
secution,  left  his  native  place,  and  about  the  year  1700  ; 
settled  for  a  brief  time  in  the  Palatinate,  or  Pfaltz,  in 
Germany.  About  the  year  1716,  Theodore  Eby,  with  ' 
several  others  of  kindred  belief,  came  to  the  Uuited 
States  under  the  auspices  of  William  Penn,  and  settled 
on  Mill  Creek,  in  what  is  now  Leacock  townshi[).  He 
had  six  scjns,  all  of  whom  were  industrious  mechanic* 
or  farmers.  A  i'nw  years  later  Peter  Eby,  a  relative 
of  Theodore,  followed  him  to  America.  The  soqb 
of  Theodore  settled  in  various  portions  of  Lancaiter 
County,  one  named  Christian  locating  on  Hammer 
Creek,  another  (probably  Peter)  choosing  a  home  on 
Pequea  Creek,  these  two  forming  the  branches  of  the 
family  known  as  the  Mill  Creek,  Hammer  Creek,  and 
Pequea  Ebys.  Peter,  a  grandson  of  Theodore,  was  a 
farmer,  and  probably  the  first  Mennonite  bishop  in 
the  county.  He  was  ordained  about  the  year  1800, 
and  creditably  filled  the  position  both  in  the  United 
States  and  Canada  for  many  years.  Peter  was  a  posi- 
tive man,  of  clear,  native  mind,  a  natural  orator,  and, 
though  making  no  pretense  to  a  thorough  scholaatio 
training,  commanded,  both  in  temporal  and  spiritual 
matters,  the  deference  of  his  brethren.  His  death 
occurred  April  6,  1843,  in  his  eightieth  year. 

The  great-grandfather  of  Samuel,  the  subject  of  thil 
biographical  sketch,  was  Peter  Eliy,  who  settled  in 
what  is  now  Upper  Leacock  township,  on  a  farm  of 
three  hundred  acres. 

He  had  sons,  Peter,  Samuel,  Andrew,  Henry,  David, 
Christian,  and  John,  all  of  whom  followed  farming 
employments,  and  one  daughter,  Ann. 

These  sons,  in  accordance  with  their  religious  faith, 
were  non-resistants,  though  during  the  period  of  the 
Revolution,  when  Washington  was  hard  pressed  by 
the  British  forces,  Peter  and  Samuel,  the  eldest  sons, 
voluntarily  shouldered  their  own  guns  and  Joined  the  ■ 
Continental  troops,  and  were  at  New  York  when  the 
city  was  captured.  After  the  seizure  of  a  quantity  of 
wheat,  in  the  barn  of  Samuel  Eby,  four  ol  his  .sons 
joined  the  army  at  Valley  Forge  during  the  winter, 
and,  having  served  as  volunteers  uiuler  Washington, 
returned  in  the  spring  to  their  farm  labor. 

Samuel  and  Peter  lived  and  died  U|i<,n  the  mansion 
farm,    .lolni  and  (Jluisliau  settled  in  Dauidiin  (^uinty. 


ELIZABETHTOWN   BOROUGH. 


621 


I 

1 


Pa.,  where  their  lives  were  spent.     Henry  and  David 
died  in   Cumberland  County,   Pa.,   and   Andrew  re-  j 
moved  to  North  Carolina,  where  he  reared  a  feraily 
and  spent  his  declining  years. 

Samuel,  the  grandfatlier  of  Samuel  above  named, 
resided  in  what  is  now  Upper  Leacook  township.  His 
children  were  Samuel,  Jonas,  Elizabeth,  and  Bar- 
bara, of  whom  Jonas  became  possessor  of  the  family  t 
property.  He  married  Salome  Line,  daughter  of  a 
neighboring  farmer,  and  had  four  children.  Their 
son  Samuel  was  born  at  the  ancestral  home  in  Lea- 
cock  township  iu  1833.  His  early  youth  was  spent 
on  the  farm,  after  which  he  received  an  academic 
education,  and  studied  surveying  and  conveyancing 
uiuler  Israel  Carpenter,  of  Lancaster.  In  1853  he 
engaged  in  the  pursuit  of  his  profession  in  the  borough 
of  Elizabeth  town,  and  after  an  extended  business,  in 
1870  entered  the  Farmers'  Bank  of  that  place  as  cashier. 
He  was  in  1858  elected  director  of  the  Middletown 
Bank,  which  office  he  held  for  a  period  of  six  years. 
Mr.  Eby  was  elected  justice  of  the  peace  of  the  bor- 
ough of  Elizabethtown,  and  administered  the  duties 
of  his  office  with  marked  discretion  and  judgment,  no 
appeal  having  been  taken  from  the  decisions  on  his 
docket  during  his  period  of  service.  The  office,  how- 
ever, not  proving  congenial  to  his  tastes,  he  declined 
a  further  incumbency.  He  was  chosen  president  of 
the  Beading,  Marietta  and  Hanover  Railroad  Com- 
pany, but,  owing  to  onerous  demands  upon  his  time, 
tendered  his  resignation,  which  was  laid  over  for 
further  action.  Mr.  Eby  was  married  in  18G5  to 
Miss  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Abrain  Collins.  Their 
children  are  a  son,  Abraui,  and  a  ilaughtcr,  Mary. 
Mr.  Eby  was  reared  in  the  faith  of  his  ancestors, 
that  of  the  Mennonite  Church. 

Manufacturing, — Elizabethtown  has  never  at- 
tained note  as  a  place  for  the  encouragement  of 
manufacturing.  During  the  thirties  the  silk-worm 
excitement  was  quite  prevalent  in  the  country,  and 
Elizabethtown  did  not  escape  the  fever  of  speculative 
investment.  The  building  now  owned  by  William 
Fletcher  was  at  one  time  literally  filled  with  silk- 
worms, and  the  farmers  in  the  surrounding  country 
raised  large  quantities  of  .^/o)v(.?«iu/^(V(H//i's.  The  pro- 
ject of  silk  production  was  soon  abandoned,  and  the 
building  which  we  have  mentioned  was  theuiii^sed  for 
a  time  as  a  starch- factory. 

The  oldest  of  the  present  manufacturing  establish- 
ments is  the  large  steam  tannery  carried  on  by  A.  G. 
Redsecker  &  Son,  and  started  forty  years  since  by 
Isaac  Redsecker. 

The  foundry  and  agricultural  implement  manufac- 
tory owned  by  Buch  &  Heisey  was  established  on  a 
sinnll  Mcale  by  the  senior  member  of  the  present  firm 
iu  18G8.  A  partnership  was  formed,  one  year  later, 
between  Mr.  Buch  and  a  Mr.  Groff,  and  the  present 
one  was  formed  in  187C.  Iirthis  year  the  shop  was 
burned  down,  but- it  was  immediately  rebuilt  on  a 
much  larger  scale,  and  has  been  constantly  carried  on 


and   prosperously  since  that  time.     The  works  are 
run  by  steam-power  and  employ  about  fifteen  men. 

In  1876,  Joseph  Groff  built  a  steam  flouring-mill 
in  »he  lower  end  of  the  borough,  adjoining  the  agri- 
cultural implement  factory,  which  he  sold  in  1877  to 
Jacob  &.  StauHer,  the  present  proprietor,  who  en- 
larged and  improved  it,  and  now  has  four  sets  or 
runs  of  stones  in  constant  operation  making  flour. 
Mr.  StaufJer  also  carries  on  a  large  warehouse  and  " 
ships  grain  quite  extensively.  Two  other  ware- 
houses, owned  respectively  by  B.  G.  Groff  and 
Pierce  &  Keener,  are  open  to  the  farmers  who  seek 
a  market  for  their  grain. 

Newspapers.— r/i(?  Trumpet,  started  by  B.  F.  Leh- 
man in  1SG4,  is  the  earliest  Elizabethtown  newspaper 
of  which  we  have  trustworthy  information,  although 
report  gives  credit  to  the  existence  of  a  newspaper  in 
or  before  1833,  and  it  is  remembered  that  several 
small  publications— TVie  Gospel  Banner,  The  Oiol,  and 
The  Comet — led  ephemeral  lives  subsequently.  For 
all  practical  purposes  The  Trumpet  may  be  considered 
the  beginning  of  newspaper  |)rinting  in  Elizabeth- 
town.  The  name  of  this  paper  was  changed  to  The 
Gazette  soon  after  it  was  established,  and  in  18G9  Mr. 
Lehman,  suspending  publication  here,  removed  to 
Mount  Union,  where  he  issued  The  News. 

The  ChroincJe,  at  present  the  only  journal  published 
in  the  borough,  was  established  in  December,  1869, 
by  Messrs.  Westafer  &  McCord.  The  former  is  now 
the  sole  proprietor,  Mr.  McCord  having  withdrawn  in 
1872.  The  Chronicle  has  been  from  time  to  time  im- 
proved in  various  ways,  and  in  1882  was  enlarged  to 
an  eight-column  sheet,  twenty-six  by  forty  'inches. 
It  has  a  circulation  of  upwards  of  one  thousand  in 
Lancaster,  Dauphin,  and  Lebanon  Counties,  and  is  a 
sprightly  local  news  journal.  In  politics  it  is  inde- 
pendent. 

The  Thespian  Society.— In  1842  the  young  men 
of  the  borough  organized  a  Thespian  Society,  which 
remained  in  existence  for  a  number  of  years  and  was 
a  notable  institution  of  the  town.  A  frame  hall  was 
built  on  the  lot  now  owned  by  Col.  N.  H.  Brenne- 
man,  and  a  number  of  amateur  dramatic  entertain- 
ments were  given  there  to  good  audiences.  Alter  a 
flourishing  holiday  season  the  structure  was  crushed 
by  a  heavy  snowfall,  and  the  society,  having  attained 
a  good  financial  condition,  immediately  built  another 
hall  larger  and  more  substantial  than  the  first.  This 
had  seating  capacity  for  over  three  hundred  persons, 
and  during  the  next  holiday  season  it  was  repeatedly 
crowded  to  its  utmost  capacity.  The  performances 
given  were  of  a  good  order  of  merit,  and  the  company 
achieved  a  reputation  which  made  it  possible  for 
them  to  visit  other  [ilaces  and  play  before  large  audi- 
ences. Occasionally  they  were  assisted  by  some 
strolling  actor  from  Philadelphia  or  New  York,  and 
on  those  occasions  the  company  was  able  to  produce 
such  plays  as  "  Pizarro,"  "  The  School  for  Scandal," 
and   "The  Stranger."      The   company    had    an    ex- 


HISTORY   OP  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


tremely  good  comediaii  in  Mr.  Frederick  Leader. 
The  society  flourished  for  several  seasons,  and  doubt- 
less would  have  done  so  a  considerable  time  longer 
but  for  the  damper  that  was  thrown  upon  their  ardor 
by  the  absconding  of  their  dishonest  treasurer  with  a 
fund  of  several  hundred  dollars  belonging  to  them. 

The  Friendship  Fire-Engine  and  Hose  Com- 
pany, No.  1.— Tliis  company  was  ori;anized  in  the 
year  IS'M,  and  had  in  use  a  small  Vulcan  engine, 
costing  five  hundred  dollars,  bought  by  subscription 
and  an  appropriation  of  Councils.  Isaac  Kauffman, 
Henry  Smith,  and  Michael  KautTman  were  appointed 
to  take  care  of  and  keep  in  repair  the  engine,  which 
is  yet  in  possession  of  the  company. 

The  company  was  reorganized  April  3,  1859,  at  a 
meeting  of  the  citizens  of  the  borough  of  Elizabeth- 
town  at  the  house  of  Col.  A.  Greenawalt,  and  the 
following  members  were  enrolled,  viz. :  D.  W.  Balmer, 
Gabriel  Young,  Reuben  Bender,  Uriah  Frank,  Jacob 
A.  Coble,  Frank  S.  Andrews,  Rufus  Frank,  Ambrose 
Shrode,  Samuel  Hosier,  H.  A.  Wade,  John  W.' 
Shaffer,  Jacob  H.  Bletz,  John  Oldweiler,  H.  M. 
Breiieman,  Harrison  T.  Shultz,  Christ.  Ebersole, 
Christ.  Foltz,  Christ.  Mickey,  George  F.  Wagner. 

At  a  meeting  held  April  26,  1859,  a  constitution 
was  adopted,  of  which  the  following  was  the  pre- 
amble : 

"  Whereas,  The  citizens  of  the  borougliof  Elizabfthtowu,  Pa.,  seeing 
the  lucesailj- of  inoru  amply  securing  iindiuotecliiigllieir  Lull. lings,  Lave 
deemed  it  advisable  tn  provide  a  tire-eiigiiie  tor  the  prutectiun  of  their 
property  Iroin  the  tlevouriiig  and  destructive  element  of  H re,  therefore 

the  fullovviug  constitution  for  the  government  of  the  Friendship  Fire 
Company  of  Elizabethtown,  Pa." 

At  the  same  meeting  the  following  oliicers  were 
elected,  viz.  : 

President,  Col.  A.  Greenawalt;  Vice-President, 
John  A.  Gross;  Secretary,  Jacob  H.  Bletz;  Treas- 
urer, James  Wilson;  Chief  Engineer,  Christian  Foltz. 

A  Rogers  engine  was  purchased  from  the  Friend- 
sliip  Fire  Company,  of  Baltimore,  at  a  cost  of  eight 
liundred  dollars,  during  this  year,  which  was  in  ser- 
vice for  twenty  years.  During  the  rebel  raid  into 
Pennsylvania  it  was  loaned  to  the  Penn.sylvania  Rail- 
road Company,  for  the  purpose  of  pumping  water  for 
their  engines  at  the  depot,  their  water  supply  not 
being  sufficient,  owing  to  the  running  of  uU  their 
trains  of  this  branch  of  the  road. 

Monday  evening.  May  7,  1860,  the  following  offi- 
cers were  elected:  A.  Dissinger,  president,  ;  John  A. 
Gross,  vice-president ;  J.  H.  liletz,  secretary  ;  James 
Wilson,  treasurer. 

Monday  evening,  Dec.  3,  1800,  the  company  met  in 
their  new  engine-house  for  the  first  time.  It  is  yet 
nspcl  for  t;1iat  purpose,  and  in  the  mean  lime  has  been 
used  for  Council  chamber  and  school-house.  It  was 
built  at  a  cost  of  four  hundred  and  eighty-nine  dol- 
lars and  twenty-two  cents,  and  Col.  A.  Greenawalt, 
Samuel  Eby,  Petec  Holler,  Jacob  FcH-n;,  and  F.  S. 
Bryaiis  were  appointed  trustees;  Samuel   Eby,  presi- 


dent; Jacob  Feli.K,  vice-president;  George  F.  Wi'l-, 
son,  secretary ;  H.  M.  Breneman,  treasurer.  TlietW 
officers  were  re-elected  for  the  following  year. 

'f  he  company  disbanded  in  1862,  many  of  its  mem- 
bers having  enlisted  in  the  Union  army,  aad  tlit 
Friendship  was  reorganized  July  26,  1867,  by  the  fol- 
lowing gentlemen:  S.  H.  Brubaker.  A.  Breneman,  F, 
G.  Sayler,  A.  B.  Rult,  Henry  Boll,  Reuben  Coble,  J. 
W.  Shaffer,  Reuben  Betz,  C.  Brinser,  Charles  Hosier, 
J.  F.  Rothermal,  George  Weber,  Samuel  Foltz,  Abram 
Balmer,  Ellis  Haldeman,  Emanuel  Hippard,  John 
Wiegand,  John  H.  Steiner.  Samuel  Brubaker  \vu 
elected  president  ;  Amos  Ganlz,  vice-president! 
Abram  Balmer,  secretary  ;  A.  Breneman,  treasurer; 
Harry  White,  chief  engineer.  This  organization 
continued  but  one  year. 

The  last  and  present  organization  was  etfected  July 
14,  1876,  when  Samuel  Eby  was  elected  president; 
A.  Eby,  vice-president;  J.  G.  VVeslafer,  secretary! 
Joseph  Heise,  treasurer;  Tobias  Nissley,  chief  en- 
gineer. 

Aug.  8,  1878,  the  following  officers  were  elected; 
President,  D.  D.  Courtney  ;  Vice-President,  J.  Q, 
Weslafer ;  Secretary,  Milton  Wealand ;  Assistant 
Secretary,  H.  C.  Lewis;  Treasurer,  Tobias  Keillor; 
Engineer,  Tobias  Nissley ;  Assistant  Engineers,  George 
W.  Redsecker,  Sebastian  Keller,  Jr. 

A  meeting  was  held  Dec.  19,  1878,  in  the  engine- 
house  by  citizens  and  members  of  the  company,  when 
some  able  remarks  were  made  by  Mr.  A.  Dissinger 
and  others  in  regard  to  the  purchasing  of  a  steam  fire- 
engine.  A  committee  consisting  of  J.  H.  Brubaker, 
George  Bynd,  E.  llnirman,  Tobias  Kehlor,  B.  G.  Groff 
was  appointed  to  solicit  petitioners  for  a  new  steam 
fire-engine,  and  to  present  the  same  to  the  Council  for 
1  their  consideration. 

I  The  Friendship  Fire-Engine  and  Hose  Company 
was  chartered  Dec.  30,  1878. 

The  new  steam  fire-engine  manufactured  by  Clapp 
&  Jones,  Hudson,  N.  Y.,  arrived  in  June,  1879,  when 
it  was  thoroughly  tested  and  accepted  by  the  Council. 

The  following  officers  were  elected  for  1880:  Pres- 
ident, D.  D.  Courtney;  Vice-President,  J.  C.  Red- 
secker; Secretary,  H.  C.  Lewis;  Assistant  Secretary, 
W.  A.  Lainl;  Treasurer,  Tobitis  Kehlor;  Foreman, 
Harry  Starlach ;  Assistant  Foreman,  William  M. 
Barttels;  Chief  Engineer,  T.  W.  Nissley  ;  Chief  Hose 
Director,  R.  S.  Ross. 

The  first  inspection  of  the  company  with  their 
steam-engine  and  apparatus  took  i>lace  on  Jan.  1, 
1880,  being  conducted  by  the  Burgess  and  Council. 

Speeches  were  made  by  J.  H.  Brubaker,  Burgess, 
and  Councilmen  II.  A.  Wade,  B.  G.  Groff,  and  M. 
Hess,  expressing  themselves  as  well  pleased  with  the 
condition  of  the  company  and  its  apparatus.  Speeches 
in  response  were  made  by  President  D.  D.  Courtney, 
R.  S.  Ross,  J.  G.  Westofer,  and  others. 

'i'he  first  fire  that  the  company  were  at  with  their 
steamer  was  at  Mr.  Sweeny's,  on  May  29,  1880,  when 


BOROUGH   OF   MARIETTA. 


623 


they  did  efficient  service  in  keeping  the  fire  under 
control  and  saving  tlie  large  warehouse  opposite. 

In  January,  1881,  the  company  elected  officers  as 
follows:  President,  D.  D.  Courtney;  Vice-President, 
J.  C.  Redsecker;  Secretary,  H.  C." Lewis. 

Sept.  5,  1881,  D.  D.  Courtney  was  elected  delegate 
to  Fireman's  Association,  held  in  Maennerchor  Hall, 
city  of  Reading. 

The  company  elected  officers  for  1882,  as  follows: 
President,  D.  D.  Courtney;  Vice-President,  J.  C. 
Redsecker;  Secretary,  R.  J.  Seitz. 

In  January,  1882,  the  company  held  a  ladies'  fair, 
from  which  they  realized  nine  hundred  and  forty- 
two  dollars  and  ninety-six  cents,  with  which  it  is  in- 
tended at  some  time  to  huild  an  engine-house. 

The  following  are  the  officers  of  the  company  at  the 
present  time:  President,  D.  D.Courtney;  Vice-Pres- 
ident, J.  C.  Redsecker;  Secretary,  J.  D.  Weigand  ; 
Assistant  Secretary,  Harry  Huntsberger;  Treasurer, 
Tobias  Kehlor;  Foreman,  J.  R.  Dickr;  As.sistant 
Foreman,  J.  D.  Weigand;  Chief  Engineer,  G.  W. 
Redsecker;  Assistant  Engineers,  J.  D.  Weigand,  R. 
J.  Seitz,  J.  B.  Buch,  E.  E.  Coble,  J.  G.  Stautfer; 
Chief  Hose  Director,  J.  S.  Groff;  Assistant  Hose 
Directors,  Tobias  Kehlor,  S.  Y.  Heisey,  D.  D.  Court- 
ney, H.  H.  Brubaker,  R.  S.  Ross  ;  Firemen,  H.  C. 
Bryan,  H.  U.  Coble;  Finance  Committee,  A.  Dissin- 
ger,  R.  S.  Ross  ;  Property  Protectors,  J.  G.  Stauffer, 
A.  Dissinger,  Tobias  Kehlor;  Janitor,  George  W. 
Redsecker. 

The  company  at  the  present  time  has  forty-five 
men  on  tlie  roll  as  active  nienibers,  and  is  in  a  tloiir- 
ishing  condition,  with  the  prospect  of  increasing  its 
Btrength. 

Cornet  Band. — As  early  as  1840  there  was  a  brass 
band  in  the  borough  which  had  been  organized  by 
Dr.  S.  Keller,  an  effective  instructor,  whose  activity 
in  musical  matters  has  extended  through  a  period  of 
nearly  half  a  century.  The  band  had  much  to  do  in 
the  famous  Harrison  campaign  of  1840,  but  became 
more  meritorious  by  1848,  and  from  that  time  to  1856 
liad  a  reputation  that  extended  to  otlier  towns.  At 
this  time  the  band  had  a  uniform  and  a  full  line  of 
fine  brass  instruments.  The  present  Elizabethtown 
Cornet  Band  was  organized  July  19,  18G7,  and  the 
body  comjjrised  Dr.  S.  Keller,  Sr.,  as  presiden|t. ;  S.  L. 
Yetter,  vice-president;  W.  K.  Jeffries,  secretary ;  Jacob 
liuch,  treasurer ;  and  S.  Keller,  Jr.,  leader.  The  band 
waa  uniformed  in  the  following  year.  In  187(3  it  was 
incorporated  with  the  fdllowing  cliarter  juembers, 
viz.,  S.  Keller,  Jr.,  W.  H.  Duliling,  Henry  Sliarlock, 
John  C.  Red.secker,  J.  P.  Ocsehgan,  J.  W.  Murray, 
E.  Oreiser,  H.  J.  Greenwalt,  Pliilip  Singer,  J.  D. 
Weijfaml,'  B.  F.  Dohner,  J.  A.  Goble,  L.  Scheetz,  J. 
C.  ^tambangh,  G.  A.  Schwan,  C.  B.  Shcrbahn,  H. 
Louer,  Frank  Rutherford,  H.  J.  Seitz,  and  R.  J. 
Seitz. 

Elizabethtown  Lodge,  No.  128,  I.  0.  0.  F.,  was 
instituted  Sept.  29,  1S1.\  witli  Jac.b  Redsecker,  Jack- 


sou  Sheaffer,  Sebastian  Keller,  Benjamin  Sheffer,  and 
Joseph  Buchanan  as  cliarter  members.  Jacob  Red- 
secker was  elected  Noble  Grand  ;  Jackson  Sheaffer, 
Vica  Grand;  Joseph  Buchanan,  Secretary;  and  Se- 
bastian Keller,  Treasurer.  Tlie  lodge  has  now  forty 
members,  and  owns  the  building,  valued  at  three 
thousand  dollars,  in  wliich  is  its  hall. 

Fidelity  Beneficial  Society.— Tliis  organization 
was  chartered  and  openeil  business  on  the  17tb  of 
September,  1879.  The  following  were  the  original 
officers:  President,  Col.  H.  M.  Brenneman;  V^ice- 
President,  Daniel  S.  Will ;  Secretary,  E.  B.  Bierman  ; 
Treasurer,  A.  Dissinger;  General  Agent,  S.  R.  Hack- 
enberger;  Medical  Director,  J.  W.  Coble,  M.D. ;  So- 
licitor, William  A.  Wilson,  Esq.;  Directors,  David 
W.  Crider,  York  ;  B.  B.  Brenneman,  Elizabethtown  ; 
George  W.  Hoverter,  Harrisburg;  S.  Hackenberger, 
Si-.,  Bainbridge;  A.  Dissinger,  E.  B.  Bierman,  H.  M. 
Breneman,  J.  W.  Coble,  M.D.,  S.  R.  Hackenberger, 
of  Elizabethtown;  Clerks,  Daniel  Will,  Bainbridge; 
B.  F.  Baer  and  II.  H.  Brubaker,  of  Elizabethtown. 


C  H  A  P  T  E  R    XXXI  V. 

BOKOUGH    OF    MARIETTA. 

Marietta  is  located  on  the  left  bank  of  the  Sus- 
quehanna River,  forty-eight  miles  from  its  mouth, 
and  twenty-five  miles  below  Harrisburg,  the  capital 
of  the  State.  It  is  two  miles  long  and  one-fourth  of 
a  mile  in  width.  In  po|iuhitiou  it  is  the  third  town 
in  the  county. 

Along  the  river  shore  the  ground  is  level,  extend- 
ing back  from  four  to  six  hundred  feet,  and  is  some- 
times overflowed  with  water  during  a  freshet.  From 
the  first  alley,  running  parallel  with  Front  Street,  the 
ground  in  Waterford,  or  the  western  half  of  the  town, 
rises  gradually  lor  a  distauce  of  two  hundred  feet  to 
a  terrace  three  hundred  feet  wide,  when  another  and 
more  abrupt  ascent  commences,  and  runs  for  a  dis- 
tance of  four  liuiidred  feet  to  level  ground.  The 
ground  in  the  lower  half  of  the  town  ascends  more 
abruptly,  and  continues  to  the  level  ground  along  the 
northern  boundary  of  tlie  town.  The  turnpike,  or 
Second  Street,  was  cut  and  leveled  alung  the  side  of 
the  sloping  hill. 

Through  the  centre  there  runs  from  north  to  south  a 
stream  of  water,  which  rises  upon  the  farm  now  owned 
by  Abraham  N.  Cassel,  and  passes  through  the  farms 
of  James  DufTy  ;  it  passes  the  borough  line  at  a  point 
between  the  lands  formerly  owned  by  James  Ander- 
son and  David  Cook,  and  thence  through  the  laud  of  ■ 
the  latter  to  the  IVuiiM-lvania  Canal,  into  which  it 
now  empties. 

The  Town  Laid  Out.— Waterford  was  laid  out 
upon  land,  contaiuiiig  three  hundred  acres,  taken  up 
by  Robert  NVilkins,  an    Indian   trader,  in    the    year 


624 


HISTORY  OP   LANCASTEfl   COUNTY. 


1719.  In  the  year  1727  he  sold  it  to  James  Anderson, 
the  minister  of  Donegal  Church,  who,  in  1740,  by 
will  giive  it  to  his  sons  James  and  Thomas.  Thomas 
and  Mr.  Anderson's  widow  released  their  interest  to 
James,  who  gave  tlie  same  to  his  son  James,  who 
gave  it  to  his  son  James,  who  laid  out  the  t(jwn  of 
Waterford. 

In  1719,  George  Stewart  took  up  several  hundred 
acres  of  land  adjoining  Robert  Wilkins  on  the  east. 
He  died  in  January,  1773,  and  liis  eldest  son,  John, 
came  into  possession  of  tlie  land,  and  in  1738  he  took 
out  a  patent  for  three  hundred  and  fifty  acres  and 
allowance.  On  the  25tli  day  of  November,  1748, 
John  Stewart  and  his  wife,  Ann,  sold  the  land  to 
David  Cook,  wlio  gave  his  son  David  two  hundred 
and  twelve  acres  adjoiniiii,'  Mr.  .Anderson's  laml,  who 
gave  the  same  to  his  son  David,  wh(i  hiid  out  the 
town  of  New  Haven. 

David  Cook  also  gave  to  his  son  James  oue  hun- 
dred and  filty-nine  acres  adjoining  his  son  David's 
tract  on  the  east.  On  the  1st  day  of  May,  1786,  James 
sold  his  farm  to  Jacob  Nelf,  of  Hempfield  township, 
who  died  in  tlie  year  1798,  leaving  several  children, 
among  whom  was  a  daughter,  Catharine,  who  mar- 
ried Henry  Cassel  after  her  father's  death.  On  the 
17th  day  of  April,  1806,  Henry  Acher,  the  executor 
of  Jacob  Ned's  estate,  sold  to  Henry  Cassel  one  hun- 
dred and  si.vty-two  acres  of  the  Stewart  land,  which 
was  probably  his  wife's  share  in  Mr.  Nefl''8  estate. 
On  the  1st  day  of  January,  1814,  Mr.  Cassel  sold  off 
forty-five  acres  of  this  farm,  fronting  on  the  river,  to 
Jacob  Grosh,  for  fifty-eight  thousand  five  hundred 
dollars.  Grosh  laid  the  same  out  into  building  lots, 
which  now  constitute  the  eastern  section  of  the  bor- 
ough, which  he  called  Moravian  Town,  but  it  was 
nicknamed  Buugletown,  which  latter  name  it  retained 
for  many  years. 

By  reference  to  the  plan  of  the  borough,  it  will  be 
seen  that  tlie  boundary  lines  of  the  farms  belonging 
to  Mr.  Anderson,  Cook,  and  Cassel  formed  an  acute 
angle  with  the  river  front.  The  surveyor,  Isaac  Tay- 
lor, commenced  to  lay  out  lands  for  the  Indian  traders 
in  1719,  at  a  point  a  short  distance  below  Conoy 
Creek,  and  ran  his  lines  at  right  angles  with  the  river 
front.  The  several  farms  to  the  south  of  that  line 
were  surveyed  in  the  same  week  and  year,  and  the 
side  lines  were  made  parallel  to  each  other.  Where 
the  river  approached  the  lower  surveys,  now  em- 
braced in  Marietta,  its  course  turned  suddenly  and 
ran  in  an  easterly  direction,  which  made  the  river 
front  an  acute  angle  with  these  division  lines.  Thus 
much  in  explanation  of  what  seems  to  have  been  a 
very  awkwardly  drawn  plan  of  the  town. 

Additions.— On  .Nov.  19,  1803,  David  Cook  gave 
Jiuhlic  notice  that  he  was  the  proprietor  of  a  "  tract 
of  land  adjoining  Mr.  Anderson's  plantation  at  An- 
derson's Ferry,  and  that  he  had  laid  out  a  town,  to 
be  named  New  Haven,  containing  one  hundred  and 
one  lots,  which   he  intended   to  dispose  of  by  lottery. 


each  ticket  commauding  a  prize;  the  price  of  each 
ticket  to  be  fifty  dollars,  and  the  titles  to  the  lut« 
were  to  be  in  fee  simple  and  free  from  ground  rents." 

'Phis  plan  extended  to  Lumber  Alley,  a  few  hun- 
dred feet  east  of  the  "  run"  spoken  of.  This  alley 
was  latd  out  at  right  angles  with  the  river  shore, 
and  extended  north  until  it  intersected  the  line  of 
James  Anderson's  laud,  forming  a  triangle. 

A  few  years  later  ^Ir.  Cook  laid  out  forty-eight 
building-lots  adjoining  Ins  first  town  jilan  upon  the 
east  side,  which  he  called  "New  Haven  Continued." 

At  the  time  this  town  was  projected  measures  had 
been  taken  to  construct  a  turnpike  leading  from  Ad- 
derson's  Ferry  to  Lancaster,  for  the  river  business 
had  increased  wonderfully.  Lots  sold  rapidly,  and 
we  find  in  the  first  year  (1805)  the  following  lot- 
holders:  Shews  Baugh,  Adam  Bahn,  Bar4in  English, 
Martin  Crider,  John  Coble,  Henry  Conn,  John  Long- 
enecker,  Lewis  Leader,  Jacob  Bituer,  Henry  Sharer, 
John  Smith,  Henry  Witmer,  John  White. 

The  following  is  a  listof  taxables  for  the  year  1807, 
in  addition  to  the  other  list,  which  indicates  the  rapid 
growth  of  the  place:  Philip  Giesey,  Widow  Hyland, 
Alexander  McCnllough,  Christian  Longeneckcr,  Fred- 
erick Heinselman,  James  Mehatfey,  James  Walton, 
James  Agnew,  John  Hess,  William  Hamilton,  Reu- 
ben Armstrong  (colored),  Thomas  Clark. 

Following  is  a  list  of  taxables  in  New  Haven  for 
the  year  1812: 


Widow  uf  Reuben  A.m.stmiig 

Joseph  Keesey.                            '^ 

Siimnel  Armstlung,  curtor. 

Lewis  Leader,  joiner. 

James  Agnew. 

Daniel  Longsderf,  joiner.          .,:' 

Andrew  Bivuks. 

SamnelMcIunney,inn.            ;,r 

Peter  Buiaud,  cooper. 

James  Mehaffey,  storekeeper. 

Henry  Clai  1;,  cooper. 

Marsh  &McKain.                        ■- 

George  Clinsliue.  SiJdlor. 

Alexander  McCnllough.         ^■• 

IleciryConu,  inu. 

David  Mumma,  inn.                   .J 

Henry  Cassel. 

Charles  Naglo,  sUller.                ^'.v 
Jacob  Berkley.                          '*'> 

W.duw  English. 

Jacob  Garst,  tailor. 

J.ihu  Roberts,  Inn.                     ■    1  ' 

Alexander  Huinbler,  joiner. 

Kiclniid  Kolii^on,  wheelwright  1  ,. 

J..«epli  Hopkins,  uiusmi. 

MathMuilUMk,  lumber  merchant. 

William  Hinklc,  inn. 

Widow  li.iliton. 

Will.am  Hamilton. 

Henry  Shaier.                                  ■•'I 

On  the  16th  day  of  November,  1804,  James  Ander- 
son announced  that  he  had  "  aiijiropriated  a  tract  of 
land  on  the  nortli  side  of  the  Su.squehauna  River,  at 
Anderson's  Ferry,  for  a  new  town  to  be  called  Water- 
ford,  and  wished  to  dispose  of  the  same  by  a  lottery," 
He  also  announced  that  the  drawing  of  the  lottery, 
was  expected  to  commence  in  the  month  of  February 
or  early  in  the  month  of  March  ;  tickets  at  sixty 
dollars  each.  And  on  the  14th  day  of  June,  1805, 
he  gave  public  notice  that  the  deeds  were  all  exe- 
cuted and  ready  for  delivery.  The  water  lots  were 
forty  by  one  hundred  and  thirty-two  feet,  ami  upper 
lots  fifty  by  two  hundred  and  six  feet.     "  The  bank  of 


BOROUGH   OF   MARIETTA. 


625 


the  river  was  to  be  kept  open  for  the  use  of  the  town 
Iota,  clear  of  ground-rent." 

Although  Mr.  Anderson  started  his  town  one  year 
later  than  Mr.  Cook,  from  the  start  it  grew  mure  raji- 
idly,  anil  kept  ahead  of  New  Haven  until  the  two 
were  consolidated. 

The  taxables  in  Waterford  for  the  year  1807  were: 

Jacob  Bitncr.  J'etel  NHt-el, 


Henry  Danunee. 
John  McGlaughl 
Oliver  Cuchian. 
Jacob  Groili. 
George  Hayelop. 
Jobli  Lung. 
Jol.n  l.ever. 


The  taxables  for  th. 


year  1812: 

Frederick  Khiie. 
George  Kueisley. 
Blicliael  Lauius. 


J„bnUnrn8,  joiner. 

Jiinies  Lowe,  negro. 

Peter  Bowman,  blorekeeper. 

Frederick  Long,  tailor. 

Jolin  lildler,  luukeeper. 

John  Law,  joiner. 

Mn  Dealer. 

Jacob  Lndw  ig,  storekeeper. 

B.muel  Bailey,  c*,rdwalDer. 

Benjamin  Long,  nnllwrigh 

JobnBryans,  Joiner. 

John  Ludwig,  innkeeper. 

D.nlelBryaD8.  joiner. 

Julin  Long,  tailor. 

Jol>D  C.  Creamer,  storekeeper. 

John  Lever. 

Ollfer  Cochran,  joiner. 

James  McUellaud,  tailor. 

Vllllam  Cl.ilda,  hatter. 

Wjlliam  McClure.Joiuer.  . 

Hiomai  Clark. 

Jainea  Morria,  tailor. 

Oonnid  Urlni,  cordwalner. 

Kandal  UcClure,  joiner. 

Abraham  Ci.asel. 

John  Miller,  htoiekecper. 

WUllarn  Canieroji. 

Jame«  McGlnley. 

Slm.onCbrlatine,  Joiner. 

H.  Musser  4  Miller. 

Stephen  Ldwardn, joiner. 

Jamea  MehafTey,  storekeeper. 

ThonijB  Kalkner,  plasterer. 

Frodoiick  Nagle,  bntcher. 

John  Fullwoiler,  potter. 

Jacob  Nicholas,  blai  ksuiith. 

Henry  Klory. 

Henry  Nicholas. 

Deary  Foiinger,  storekeepe 

James  Paltei  sou. 

Matthew  Garner,  cordwainer 

Matthias  Kilsht. 

Thunia.  Dickey,  clockuiakor 

Williaui  Reckenbaugh. 

Ju»h    Grosli.    lumber     mer 

cUant     Jacob  Hadfaug,  gunsmith. 

.nd  .torijkeeper. 

Hironemous  Saylor,  blacksmith 

Jacob  Giayblll,  innkeeper. 

George  Snyder,  innkeeper. 

Btnry  Grovo- 

Hugh  Spear. 

Joliu  Ghdken. 

David  Sands,  millwright  and  lu 

Hani.e-  Hoffman. 

bor  merchant. 

J.mes  Uendenion,  plaaterer. 

Chri-sliau  Sherick,  joiner  and  ii 

John  lloyer,  joiner. 

keeper. 

John  Heart,  cooper. 

Ciiristiau  Stewart,  masou. 

Widow  Uiestanil. 

Henry  Smith. 

James  Humes.  Pliilip  Snider. 

Jehu  lleckrode,  hatter.  Francis  Shupp. 

Juiiin  J.  L...  .,,,      .[.■i.ier.  Jacob  Wullack. 

>'<"•'  l^'i".  "  II"  '  John  Wntaon. 

Manli,  lYii,ai^,  I.  „,],er  and  drug-  Oliver  VVataon. 

(!l»t.  C'umad  Ziegler. 
Michael  Keller,  blue-dyer. 

A  few  of  these  lot-owners  re.sided  in  the 
hood.  There  were  also  a  few  "  tenants"  a 
men"  not  in  the  above  list. 

In  .Nuvcmher,  1H13,  David  Cook  (who  then  resided 
in  Lancaster,  with  his  son-in-law,  Hugh  Wilson)  sold 
eighteen  acres  and  eight  perches  lor  twenty-nine 
thousand  six  hundred  and  fifty  dollars,  fronting  on 
the  river,  to  John  Myers,  who  laid  it  out  into  eighty- 


leighbor- 
d  "  free- 


three  building  lots,  and  called  it  "  J.  Myers'  Addi- 
tion." This  land  extended  from  the  eastern  line  of 
"  Cook's  Addition  to  New  Haven,"  and  to  the  land 
sold  by  Henry  Cassel  to  Jacob  Grosh. 

When  James  Anderson  laid  out  Waterford  he  did 
not  incliide  the  ferry-house  and  about  twenty  acres 
of  land  adjoining  the  ferry.  He  afterwards  sold  liis 
ferry  right  and  the  land  adjoining  to  Henry  Sharer, 
Matthias  Rank,  James  Mehati'ey,  John  Pedan,  James 
Dully,  and Haines  for  one  hundred  and  ten  thou- 
sand dollars.  This  purchase  also  included  a  bridge 
charter.  They  laid  this  tract  out  into  one  hundred 
and  six  building  lots,  and  named  it  "Henry  Sharer 
&  Co. 'a  Addition." 

"Irishtown,"  although  not  within  the  corporate 
limits  of  the  borough,  is  practically  a  part  of  Mari- 
etta, and  is  so  regarded  generally.  On  the  2d  day  of 
April,  1813,  John  Pedan,  James  Mehafl'ey,  and  James 
Duffy  purchased  from  Mrs.  Frances  Evans  one  hun- 
dred and  sixty-one  acres  of  land  adjoining  the  An- 
derson farm  on  the  west,  and  laid  out  the  entire  tract 
into  five  hundred  and  sixty-two  building  lots.  The 
town  plan  was  distinct  and  separate  from  Waterford, 
and  the  streets  did  not  connect  in  a  straight  line  with 
those  of  the  latter  place.  In  the  centre  of  the  plat 
ground  wiis  reserved  for  a  "  market-house,"  and  also 
for  public  buildings.  In  their  advertisement  to  the 
public  announcing  that  they  had  laid  out  a  town 
they  designated  the  place  as  "  Marietta." 

When  the  charter  of  the  borough  of  Marietta  was 
granted  it  did  not  include  that  part  laid  out  by  James 
5[ehaffey  and  his  associates.  This  was  not  an  acci- 
dental omission.  The  place  was  never  incorporated, 
and  up  to  the  present  time  the  citizens  have  resolutely 
resisted  the  extension  of  the  borough  line  to  include 
their  property. 

Mr.  Anderson  laid  out  "  High  Street"  along  the 
edge  of  a  terrace,  which  is  and  probably  will  ever 
remain  the  princij.)al  street  in  the  borough.  Mr. 
Cook  called  tlie  street  which  is  a  continuation  of 
High,  Second  Street.  In  order  to  get  level  ground 
for  this  street  he  was  compelled  to  cut  into  the  side 
of  the  hill. 

Benjamin  Long  purchased  about  thirty  acres  of 
the  Anderson  farm,  upon  the  top  of  the  hill  and  down 
its  southern  slope,  which  he  laid  out  into  two  hun- 
dred and  eighty-two  building  lots,  and  called  the  same 
"  B.  Long's  Addition." 

At  the  time  these  towns  were  laid  out  the  river  trade 
had  assumed  large  proportions,  and  the  principal  busi- 
ness for  many  years  was  carried  on  along  the  river 
shore.  This  fact  probably  was  the  principal  reason 
which  induced  Jlr.  Anderson  and  Cook  to  take  up 
the  entire  river  fVunt  in  their  "  plans,"  iiml  in  depth 
only  about  one-fourth  of  the  distance. 

After  procuring  a  ehurter  for  the  erection  of  a 
bridge  over  the  river,   Mr.  Anderson  expended  sev- 


dol 


ding 


road 


hills 


from    the 
ie  bridge 


i 

GJG 

HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 

was  not  built,  and  he 

became  greatly  embarrassed. 

Henry  Liebhart,  Jr.,  tobacconist. 

Henry  Quest,  cabinet-maker.    ■ 
Matthias  Rank,  lumber  merchial  ) 
John  [loberts,  innkeeper.                 J 
Richard  Robinson,  wagon-nialtr,    ,, 

and  removed  to  the  bf 

rough  of  York. 

John  Lenox. 

Frederick  Long,  lumbermerchant. 

Mr.  Anderson  and  Mr. 

Cook  hiially  agreed  to  pro- 

Jacob  Lndwig,  storekeeper. 

cure    a   charter    from 

the    Legislature,    which    was 

Lewis  Leader,  carpenter. 

John  Robinson,  hatter. 

granted,  and   the   name 

agreed   upon  by   them  was 

John  Lever. 

J.  Louck*,  wagon-maker. 

Benjamin  Lon)-,  innkeeper. 

Jacob  Ra.lfang,  gunsmith. 

Marietta.    Tlie  town  w 

ass 

lid  to  be  .so  named  jn  honor 

George  W.  Uoss,  innkeeper. 

of  tlieir  wives. 

John  Long,  tailor. 

Jacob     It.direr,    Esq.,    cashier  <i 

Taxables  in  1814.- 

-T 

le  year  ISU,  being  one  of 

Jonas  Miimma. 

JiUiies  McGinness,  joiner. 

bank. 
Samuel  Ross,  schoolmaster. 

great  prosperity,  I   here\\ 

ith  give  a  list  of  taxables 

Samuel  McKinney,  innkeeper. 

Steiibon  St.  John,  storekeeper. 

for  tliat  year,  which,  wlien  compared  with  tlie  otlier 

John  Myers,  lumber  merchant. 

Owen  Robinson  (drowned  in  rivw). 

lists,  shows  a  large  gai 

a  in  two  years: 

David  Hiimnia,  merchant. 

nirich  Sharer. 

William  Magiidgc,  carpenter. 

Christian  Sharer.                                : 

jHUiea  Anderson. 

Stephen  Edwards,  carpenter. 

James  Mehaffey,  lumber  merchant. 

Henry  Stauffer,  trader.                     ', 

J.raes  A6ne>v. 

William  Ehbel,  conveyancer. 

James  MoCieary. 

George  Snyder,  ferryman.                J 

Jolm  Armeii,  cooper. 

Jacob  Etter,  innkeeper. 

Jacob  Mumma. 

David  Sandal,  lumber  merchant    j: 

Widow  Aimstroug,  colored. 

Widow  English. 

James  Morrison,  tailor. 

John  Swolky,  merchant.                  -j, 

Ezekiel  Allen,  bUcksmith. 

Dr.  Samuel  Fahnistock. 

Henry  Marsh,  mason. 

John  Shank,  coolier.                         'S 

David  Abbotjoiner. 

Thomas  Faulkner,  plasterer. 

James  McOellan,  tailor. 

Isiiac  Stein,  joiner.                              [, 

John  Ain.er,  coope.-. 

Frederick  Funk,  butcher. 

Zachariah  Moore,  carpenter. 

Jacob  Sticis,  nailer.                             ,| 

George  Ash,  joiner. 

John  Fullweiler,  distiller. 

Henry  McKlosky. 

Christian  Slierrick,  innkeeper. 

Christiiin  Uucher,  Jr. 

Stephen  Fetter,  tailor. 

Handel  McClure,  carpenter. 

Christian  Stewart,  mason.                 ) 

Peter  Bi.ssett,  carpenter. 

Samuel  Flory,  blacksmith. 

Abraham  McCnllough. 

Henry  Slierer  &  Co.,  ferry.              .  ■ 

Edward  li^dl.Ciirpcnler. 

William  Foulk,  carpenter. 

Andrew  Meliaffy,  mason. 

Hieionimous  Sailor,  blacksmiltl.      ■ 

John  Beats,  brickmaker. 

Henry  Foringer,  tailor. 

John  Miller. 

JohnSprecher,  cordwainer.            ' 

William  Bojd,  weaver. 

William  Fishback,  joiner. 

William  Maxwell,  merchant. 

George  Shell,  cordwainer.              '- 

John  FonJersmith,  barkeeper. 

John  Nagle,  butcher. 

Peter  Sailor,  blacksmith.                  , 
Peter  Seese.                                         ,' 

Abraham  Bi-llows,  cooper. 

James  Flint. 

Fred.  Nagle,  butcher. 

James  Bush. 

Joseph  Gettis,  ferryman. 

Jacob  Nichulos,  lumber  merchant. 

— -  Sherrick,  Carpenter.                 ' 

Henry  Baker,  tanner. 

Jacob  Grosh,  E.q  ,  Assemblyman. 

Henry  Nicholos,  saddler. 

Prelriuous  Smith,  doctor.             ■  ''i 

Kelor  Boston,  distiller. 

Jacob  Grejbill.  magistrate. 

Peter  Nagle. 

Henry  Sultzbach,  tanner.                 J 
Leonard  Shields,  cordwainer.    •      ,f 

John  Bun,  carpenter. 

John    Grider,    lumber    merchant 

Robert  Osborn,  joiner. 

Jlndrew  BOBBS. 

and  stiller. 

Benjamin  Osborn,  pilot. 

Henry    B.   ScliafTiier,   minister  if  i 

David  Bowman. 

David  Gaish,  tailor.     • 

Samuel  Ostler,  tailor. 

Reformed  Church.                         'j 

Thomas  Buchanan,  merchant 

John  Grahnni,  butcher. 

Charles  Odell,  pilot. 

John  Frederick,  millwright. 

Henry  Be.entz,  tailor. 

Matthew  Garner,  cordwainer. 

Jacob  Oberly,  pilot. 

James  Towiisbii,  schoolmaster.        :] 

John  Brien,  carpenlcr. 

John  Gerrurd,  painter. 

John  Plum,  whitesmith. 

Abr.ihani  Varley,  copperemith.         J 

Samuel    Bailey,    cordwainer 

and 

John  Gault,  cooper. 

John  Peden,  gentleman. 

Oliver  Watson.                                ■': 

postmaster. 

William  Garrett,  doctor. 

Nicholas  Peek. 

John  White.                                        ; 

John  Uoggs. 

Jacob  Hippie. 

John  Plitt. 

Archibald  Warner,  colored.           •; 

Henry  Bai  (ley,  painter. 

Hickiuto  A  narie. 

James  Park. 

David  Whitehill,  storekeeper.       ,  i< 
George  Weitzel,  cedar-cooper.        ;, 

John  Boiler,  innkeeijer. 

Bowman,  innkeeper. 

William  Pierce,  scrivener  and  prin- 

Widow Brenneman. 

Widow  Hays. 

ter. 

Joseph  Wise,  cooper. 

Henry  Brenneman. 

RluMler  Hawkins,  pilot. 

John  H.  Brenui-man  A  Son. 

J..hn  Hi-.tand,  cabinet-maker. 

Siugl 

e  Men.                                                     '• 

rrancis  Boggs. 

Willnun  llinkle. 

F.Ackworth,  joiner. 

Daniel  Goodyard,  joiner.                  ,i 

Israel  Cudwalader,  innkeeper 

James  Hendeiaun,  plasterer. 

Walker  Able,  joiner. 

John  Oeilick,  joiner. 

William  Childs,  conveyancer. 

Joseph  Hopkins,  mason. 

Kobert  Agnew,  plasterer. 

John  H.ildy,  blacksmith.                  * 

John  (Jromwell,  ferryman. 

William  Hamilton. 

Francis  Bulge.          - 

Frederick  ll.verling.cordwalti«r.  '^ 

Heni7  Clark,  cooper. 

John  Henry,  carpenter. 

Charles  Bells,  joiner. 

Isaac  llalborough,  plasterer. 

Samuel  C.ito,  coloied. 

John  Horn,  carpenter. 

Henry  Best,  joiner. 

Henry  lleckiote,  hatter. 

Henry  Conn,  inn. 

John  Ho)  CI ,  carpenter. 

William  Curry,  joiner. 

Edward  Hand,  clerk  in  bank. 

Major  Oio.-iu[,rurp.liter. 

Widow  Ik-iiiselujan. 

James  Cannadey,  joiner. 

John  lluss,  printer. 

David  Cook,  E^.l. 

John  Heart,  cooper. 

Adam  Deeru,  joiner. 

J,, cob  lloHcberger,  distiller.             '{ 

Abraham  Cassel. 

William  Honsegle,  innkeeper. 

William  Dicks. 

Joseph  Irvin,  plasterer.                     «; 

David  Cassel,  storekeeper. 

Alexander  Hiitzler,  brewer. 

William  Davis,  joiner. 

JuseibJeiliies,  brickmaker.   .      | 

Simeon  Christine,  carpenter. 

Alexander  Hunimel,  carpenter. 

Eli  Dil,  joiner. 

Isaiah  J.  Ilries,  painter.                     j 

Conrad  Crimm,  innkeeper. 

John  Hin.                      ( 

Samuel  Druckamiller,  tailor. 

Jacob  Johnson. 

George  Cliribtine,  saddler. 

J.  Hnnohberger,  sUller. 

Michael  Dugan,  blacksmith. 

Charles  lielley.                               ', 

Oliver  Cochran,  carpenter. 

Jacob  Hiestand. 

Edward  Danderaon,  scrivener. 

Henry  Ludgen,  nailer. 

John  0.  Cremor,  merchant. 

Christian  Heishoy.    -+^ 
J.  Iliiyrock,  carpenter.' 

Henry  DiBenderfer,  merchant. 

Patrick  Logan. 

John  Charles. 

John  Eckeis,  cooper. 

Henry  Liebhart.                         '       ? 

John  Cloud,  boat-builder. 

James  Johnson. 

John  Evans,  joiner. 

.lohn  UcCreeger.                             -■] 

Henry  Cassel,  bank  director. 

Joaiph  Jeffries,  schoolmaster. 

Henry  Frue,  joiner. 

David  Marlin,  joiner. 

George  Cnmndus. 

Samuel  Houston,  doctor. 

Elisha  Fiuiie,  chaiiminker. 

John  McCnllough,  nailef.               j< 

Willis  Davis,  carpenter. 

John  llnss.l.rinler. 

John  Fondersiiiilh. 

Rai.del  McClure,  joiner.                   i 

Charles  Dougherty,  ma»on. 

John  Hullinger. 

Peter  Funk,  bntclier. 

JohnOit                                         "     ,' 

Samuel  Dni.nen,  nailer. 

Cliiislian  Koeaey,  innkeeper. 

J..hnGF..ider,  lumber  merchant. 

William  Pierce,  scrivener  and  prin-  , 

William   liiimmore.  Innkeepe 

Joseph  Keesey,  gentleman. 

Godlried     Greid.r,    lumber     mer- 

ter. 

Morgan  Davis. 

Mai  tin  Kindig,  druggist. 

chant. 

John  Robinson,  wagon-maker. 

Thomas  Dickey,  clockmaker. 

James  Kain,  nailer. 

John  Giaeff,  bank  cashier. 

David  Rinebart,  joiner.                   j 

Charles  Dugan. 

Pavid  Kline,  laborer. 

James  Grlfflii. 

Solomon  Deratler. 
James  Duffy,  speculator. 
Henry  Dunn,  constable. 

Henry  Kline,  miller. 
Michael  L.ntz,  joiner. 
Henry  Liebhart,  merchant. 

In  this  list  there  are  the 
penters,  which  indicates 

names  of  thirty-eight  ca> 
that  buildings  were  beiug  | 

1 

BOROUGH   OF   MARIETTA. 


C27 


erected    very   rapidly.      The   list   of    taverns,   store-  I 
keepers,  merchants,  and  tradespeople  was  large  also. 

The  first  half  of  tlie  second  decade  of  this  century 
was  one  of  speculation,  succeeded  by  disaster  in  every 
branch  of  business  tliroughout  the  country. 

The  State  Legislature  was  kei^t  busy  chartering 
banks,  turnpikes,  bridges,  and  trading  companies  of 
Tarious  kinds. 

This  extraordinary  stimulation  of  business  ran 
through  the  country  like  "wildfire."  One  of  the  out- 
growths of  this  craze  was  the  desire  to  lay  out  towns 
and  speculate  in  building  lots.  By  reference  to  the 
township  histories  may  be  seen  a  number  of  "lost 
towns,"  besides  many  that  have  an  existence  which 
they  owe  to  this  speculative  era. 

The  extraordinary  increase  in  the  river  business 
started  a  number  of  towns  aloiig  the  river  a  few  years 
before  the  war  of  1812,  and  each  became  tlie  rival  of 
the  other  and  hoped  to  get  the  bulk  of  the  business. 
Columbia  had  the  start  of  Marietta  by  eighteen  years, 
but  the  latter  sprang  into  existence  as  if  by  magic, 
and  commenced  to  crowd  the  heels  of  their  Quaker 
neighbors,  and  for  a  few  years  rivaled  the  former  in 
population.  The  place  grew  too  fast;  a  large  class  of 
disreijutable  persons  followed  tlie  stream  of  specu- 
lators who  overflowed  the  place,  and,  like  birds  of 
prey,  lived  ofl'  the  earnings  of  others.  When  the  final 
crash  came  but  few  were  able  to  weather  the  storm. 
The  recovery  of  business  prosperity  was  gradual  but 
assured. 

Civil  Organization.— The  records  of  Marietta  bor- 
ough previous  to  Jto54  not  being  accessible,  we  can 
give  only  such  otticers'  names  as  can  be  gleaned  Irom 
the  "  ordinance  book,"  and  only  a  partial  list  can  thus 
be  given : 

1830.-Cliief  Burgess,  Abrabum  Zublio  ;  Towu  Clerk,  William  McElroy. 
1831  -Cliicf  Burgcsa,  John  SiJiiiigler  ;  Town  Clei  k,  Williuiii  McKlroy. 
l»m.-Cliief  Bur^eas,  Suniuel  11.  Miller;  Town  Cleik,  Suuinel  S.  Crush. 
I8j;l,— CliitlEuiBuss,  S;iniuel  D.  Miller;  Town  llcr  k,  Willium  McElioj'. 
)k34.-PieB.ilenl  of  Town  Council,  .iLrabam  Wuilej;  Town  Clelk,  A. 

N.  Cuasel. 
18a6-3fi.-No  record. 
18.17.— Piraiileiit  of  Council,  John  J.  Libbart ;  Town  Clerk,  A.  N.  CasBcl. 

IM9.-rie,iJentof  Council,  John  J.  l.ibbait;  Town  Cleik,  I.  Hubs 
1840.— I'rcsident  of  Council,  Jacob  Stuhl;  Town  Clelk,  William  Cbilda. 
Wl.-I'rehident  of  Council,  John  W.  Goodman;  Town  Clelk,  William 

Cbilda. 
I812.-Pre8ident  of  Council,  Henry  Sullzbach;    Town  Clerk,  *i|liam 

ChilJs. 
W3— I'roaident  of  Council,  John  Kline;  Town  Clurk,  William  Clillda. 


1866.— Chief  Bnrgcfa,  Nicholas  Cbai.man  ;  Town  Council,  Samuel  Ober- 
iin,  Henry  S.  Liblialt.  .Jacob  Songniaaler,  Blicbacl  Gable,  Aaron  H. 
Snmniy  ;  Clerks,  "»  illiam  Chaimian,  John  Kaylor. 

IS.'U.— Unci  liiiititf,  (baibs  Kcllj;  To«  n  CoUhul,  John  W.  Clark, 
Jol*  ,1.  1.^1  i..,'t    >  Li.M  ....   -  ,,  _.;,,  I  M   i.i,   I,    M.i.:,^  .    r.,Liumin 

F.HIrM.i;,    ,,    '      .    ,         ,1         ■,,,11,,         ,       I    :    .  ;•        ::■],,    ,. 

Stense. 
1858.— Chief  Burgess,  Samuel  D.  Miller;  Town  Council,  TlicmaB  Slense, 
JobnCrull,  BarrSpangler,  EJ««rd  1'.  Trainer,  Aaron  11.  Sun, my; 
Clelks,  Meltbor  lleiline,  Franklin  K.  Moaey.      . 
1859.-Cliief  Burgess,  Samuel  D.  Miller;  Town  Council,  Barr  Sliaugler, 
Thomas  Slense,  John  Ciull,  Aaron  H.Snmmy.E.  P.  Trainer;  Clerks, 
.William  Chapman,  Samuel  Slense. 
18C0.— Chief  Burgess,  Samuel  U.  Miller;  Town  Council,  Barr  Spangler, 
John  Crull,  Thou.aa  Slense,  E.  P.  Trainer,  Ueuiy  S.  Libbart ;  Clerks, 
Israel  Goodman,  Theodore  Hiestiind. 
1801  —Chief  Buigess,  Jomis  Paik  ;  To«  ii  Council,  Barr  Spangler,  H.  S. 
Libbart,   John   Fulks,   Fl.d.i,   i.     M    l,,,;j,    .-.iimel    Hippie,   Sr.j 
Clerks,  James  M.Al,der^oIi,,l        :  ! 

1862.— Chief  Buigeaa,  Henry  S.  I,    :      i      ,     .       '       i    il,  C.  C.  P.  Grosh, 

Fra.ikHipple.Jobn  Kline, Al,  Ml    I- .,,..,  r-aiiiuel  C.  HieBtand  ; 

Clerks,  Abram  Erisman,  Tbeodoie  HiestanJ. 
1863.— Chief  Bnrgesa,  Samuel  Hijiple;  .Town  Council,  C.  C.  P.  Grosh,  S. 
0.  Hiesland,  Alexander  Lindsay,  Franklin   Hippie,  John   Kline; 
Clerks,  Theodore  Hiesland,  J.  M.  Anderson. 
18U4.— Chief  Bnrgess  George  W.  Mehafly;  Town  Council,  John  J.  Lib- 
bart, Benjamin  F.  Hiesland,  J.   P.  Waller,  H.  S.  Libhart,  Uirard 
Koath;  Cleiks,  Abram  AIbIcJ,  Theodore  Hiesland. 
1805.- Cbiel  I,.!..--,    h    II.,,     Slense;   Town  Council,  Barr  Spangler, 
H.  I).  l!i  I       ,.     ,  '        -      1    Jl.ijling,  J.  J.  Libharl,  A.  H.  Summy; 
Clerks,  J    11     \'  1     lli.aland. 

18GC.— Chief  ll.,_i    .,  II    ;,  iMinse;  Town  Council,  H.  D.  Benjamin, 
G.  A.  Majlii.g,  J.  J.  l.iihail,  S.  C.  Hiesland,  Burr  Spangler;  Clerks, 
John  L.  Weaver,  Jeffei-son  Thompson. 
1867.— Chief  Burgess   Thomiis  Slense;  Town  Council,  S.  C.  Hiesland, 
George  U.  Goodman,  Louis  Honseal,  F.Waller,  Alexander  Lindsay  ; 
CIciks,  T.  llicaland.  James  W.  Fidler. 
1808.- Chief  Burgess.  James  B.  Claik;  Town  Council,  G.  U.  Goodman, 
1  Frank  llii.ple,  John  Barr, CbliBlianBucher,  Samuel  LindBay;  Clerks, 

I  Phil.  M,  Kline,  Melchorlierline. 

1S69,— Chief  Burgess,  Thomas  Slen.'-e  ;  Town  Council,  Jacob  Songniasler, 
Simon  11.  Miitcli,  P.  M.  Kline,  A.  Sunimy,  Robert  Carroll,  Jr.; 
Clerks,  Jacob  K.  Wiiidolph,  Lavid  Matlis. 
187u.— Chief  Buii;e,s,  Ceorge  Sliriner;  Town  Council,  David  Both,  J. 
Songmaster,  Uobert  Carroll,  Jr.,  Fiank  Hippie,  S.  Mutch;  Clerk, 
Tbeophilna  Hiesland. 
1871.-fbief  Buigess.  George  Shriner;  Town  Council,  B.  Spangler,  A. 
N.  Cassill,  Dr.  H.  S.  Trout,  S.  Mutch,  Frederick  Walter;  Cleik,  Jacob 
Windolph.  — 

1872 —Chief  Burgess,  Samuel  Hippie,  Sr.;  Town  Council,  B.  Spangler,  S. 
Hiestand,  Jerome  Hippie,  David  W.  Coble,  John  Shillow,  Lewis  Lin- 
'"dermulh;  Clerk,  M.  M.  Caracher. 
1873.— Chief  Burgess,  J.  M.  Lamalere;  Town  Council,  John  Z.  Linder- 

mulh,  Walui   Fryl.iit-i  r;  Clerks,  A.  K.  Ersman,  M.  Bl.  Gilacher. 
1874. — Clin  I   r.;i_i    -,    I     -M     I. iiizelere;  Town  Council,  Jerome  Hippie; 

Town  11.         11    V    '  '  ■  1 

1875. — Chi'!   1  I  ^.  liriner;  Town  Council,  C.  M.  Bucher, 


1815.- 


.iJen 


Council 


Longeneck 


Town  CI. 


John 


IM8-41I.— Pi  esident  of  Council,  Henry  Sullzbach  ;  Town  Clerk,  William 
ISSO.-Preaident  of  Council,  James  Mehaffy,  Jr. ;  Town  Clerk,  Willbim 

lMI.-l'r..9lJent  of   Council,   Suninel    Oberlin;    Town   Clerk,  William 

Cbil.la. 
1862-63.-PreBident  of  Council,  Ileiiiy  Sullzbach  ;  Town  Cleik,  William 

Chllds. 
»    1854.— Chief  Burgees,  Jonatlnyr  Lazerlier;  Town  Council,  Benjamin  F. 

UlcBland,  Thoinaa   Zcll,   Henry  Sullzbach,  Simon  S.  Nagle,  John 

Blibgon  ;  Clerks,  William  Cbilda,  Jr.,  Israel  Goodman. 


rachi 


187C— Chief    |llllg.» 

,    Corge    S 

chriner;   Town  Comic 

il, 

A.  N. 

Cimsel, 

David  Dennisi.n 

Clerk,  J.  1 

.  Wil 

dolph. 

lS77.-Chief  Burgees 

Waller  Fry 

beige 

r;  Town  Council, 

Israel  Go 

j.lman, 

Adam  Bah  n;  To 

vn  Clerk,  J 

It.  \ 

•indolph. 

1878.-Chief  Buigess 

Walter  Fry 

be.g 

r;  Town  Council 

C 

A.  Set 

affnor, 

Onitus  Hippie;  Clerk,  J.  K. 

,lpli. 

1879.— Chief  Burges 

,  Waller  F 

Jbel 

eer;  Town  Coun 

II, 

A.  N. 

Cassil, 

David  Denuiaon 

Town  Cle 

k.J. 

t.  Windolph. 

1880.— Cbiel  BuigeBS 

H.  S.  Tioi 

t,  M. 

>.;  Town  Connci 

A 

Bahi 

Cbris- 

toph.r  Hauei  ,  1 

own  Chi k. 

J.ll. 

Windolph. 

ISSl.-Cblel   BuigeSB 

11.  S  Tioi 

t,  M. 

>,  TownCouncI 

,c 

ristna 

llpple, 

John  Shillow.  1 

.wn  Clelk, 

J    K. 

Windolph. 

1682-Clilel    Bulges 

,    Kdwiud 

Kiisi 

g;   Town  Counc 

11, 

A.-N 

CbbbII, 

Franklin  Hippie 

;  Ck-ik,  J. 

t  W 

idolph. 

1883-Theofficeiafc 

r  the  boioi 

gll    fo 

r  1883  are:  Cl.ie 

B 

irgesa 

Girard 

Kolb;    A-sialan 

Burgeas, 

lei.ja 

iiin  Olimit;   Co. 

a 

Inien, 

Oristus 

Hippie,  John  Sb 

lllow,  A.  N 

Ca»s 

1,  Frankliu  Hip 

do 

Arth 

r  Ben- 

HISTORY  OF  LAJ^CASTER   COUNTY. 


nett,  and  Jnc.b  Songnia-stor;  High  CoiiBtuble,  Alleu  R.  Ruby;  Towi 

Cleik,  ThLc.|.hilusHie3lanJ. 

JUSTICES  OF  TUE  PEACK. 

John  Auxer,  April  14, 1840. 

C.  C.  P.  Gro»h,  April  12,  18(>4. 

Josel.U  T.  Anderson,  April  14, 1840. 

E.  D.  Buath,  W«y  8,  I8C5. 

Jos.|,li  T.  Aniler-on,  April  15, 1845. 

Jolin  Auxer,  Ai.ril,  18(;ii. 

JoliliAuxtr,  April  16,  1845. 

l\  R.  Mosey,  April,  1SU7. 

J.  T.  An.lerBon,  April  9,  1850. 

Kr.'derick  L.  Baker,  April,  1809. 

Emanuel  D.  Roiitll,  April  11,  1854. 

K.  D.  Roalli,  April,  1870. 

Juhu  Auxer,  Nov.  10,  185.5. 

F.  L.  Baker,  Apiil,  1874. 

Kobert  Dunn,  April  la,  1S68. 

E.  U.  Rualli,  April,  1S75. 

E.  D.  Rualh,  April  10,  ISllU. 

F.  L.  Taker,  April,  1S79. 

JoUn  Auxer,  April  10,  ISGO. 

E.  D.  Eoath,  1880. 

Market-Houses. — The  old  market-house  that  once 
stood  in  the  public  square  was  built  at  a  date  to  which 
the  memory  of  man  runneth  not  back.  However,  it 
was  one  of  those  quaint  old  structures  standing  on 
stilts  that  in  after-years  became  an  eye-sore  to  the 
more  sensitive  and  progressive  citizens  of  the  borough, 
and  in  due  time  the  old,  unsightly  thing  was  removed. 

In  1874  a  stock  company  was  formed,  a  lot  pur- 
chased on  Walnut  Street,  and  the  present  neat  and 
commodious  brick  building  erected  at  a  cost  of  five 
thousand  five  hundred  dollars,  and  first  occupied 
in  May,  1875.  The  stalls  are  rented  to  farmers  and 
truck-raisers  in  the  vicinity  of  Marietta,  and  are 
bountifully  supplied  twice  each  week  with  the  best 
of  everything  in  the  market  line  that  the  surround- 
ing country  affords.  The  officers  of  the  company  are  : 
President,  B.  F.  Hiestand;  Treasurer,  John  S'liangler; 
Secretary,  George  F.  Stibgen. 

Town  Halls. — For  many  years  the  upper  part  or 
room  of  tlie  old  market-house  was  occupied  as  a 
town  hall.  In  1847  the  borough  of  Marietta  pur- 
chased the  diamond-shaped  lot  between  or  at  the  in- 
tersection of  Walnut  Street  and  Elbow  Lane,  and 
erected  thereon  what  is  now  the  old  town  hall.  The 
two  lower  or  first  stories  were  built  by  the  borough, 
and  the  third  story  by  tlie  Sons  of  Temperance,  who 
at  that  time  had  a  flourishing  division  in  Marietta. 
.The  third  story  is  now  owned  and  occupied  by  the 
Knights  of  Pythias,  tlie  second  story  by  the  borough 
and  Marietta  Lyceum,  and  the  lower  story  by  the  Ma- 
rietta School  Board.  The  new  or  Central  Hall  was 
built  in  1874,  and  is  located  on  Second.  The  lower 
story  was  built  by  the  borough  of  Marietta,  and  is  oc- 
cupied by  the  post-olBce,  E.  D.  Roath  (justice's  office), 
the  fire  department,  and  the  Town  Council,  each 
having  ample  accommodations  for  each  of  their  de- 
partments. The  second  story  was  built  by  the  Cen- 
tral Hall  Association,  and  contains  one  of  the  finest 
halls  in  the  county  for  all  purposes  for  which  it  was 
intended,  being  fitted  up  with  a  capacious  stage  and 
stage  properties.  The  third  story  was  built  by  the 
Odd- Fellows,  and  contains,  besides  their  fine  hall, 
atiorher  society  hall,  with  all  the  necessary  rooms  for 
lodge  purposes.  The  building  is  of  brick,  and  built 
in  the  most  substantial  manner  and  heated  through- 
out by  steam,  and  lighted  by  gas. 

Financial.— Th'e  First  National  Bank  of  Marietta 
was  organized  and  chartered  in  18Gy,  and  opened  fur 


the  transaction  of  business  July  21st  of  that  yeaf. 
Its  original  number  was  twenty-five.  The  first  direc- 
tors and  officers  were  elected  April  28,  18lj3,  as  fol- 
lows: Directors,  John  HoUinger,  S.  F.  Eagle,  John 
Haldeman,  John  Musser,  J.  E.  Kreybill,  Aferani  H. 
Mussel liian,  James  Mehaffy,  B.  F.  Hiestand,  and 
Barr  Spangler;  President,  John  Hollinger;  Vice- 
President,  James  Mehaffy  ;  Cashier,  Amos  Bownian. 
The  present  substantial  banking-house,  located  on 
Market  Street,  which  for  comfort  and  convenience 
in  all  its  appointments  is  not  surpassed  by  any  in  the 
county,  was  built  in  the  summer  and  fall  of  1875,  and 
occupied  in  the  spring  of  1876.  The  old  charter 
having  expired,  the  bank  was  rechartered  May  27, 
1882,  as  No.  2710,  with  a  capital  stock  of  one  hundred 
thousand  dollars,  and  a  surplus  of  one  hundred  thou- 
sand dollars.  The  present  directors  are  John  Musser, 
S.  F.  Eagle,  Henry  S.  Musser,  John  Zeigler,  Jolin 
Corell,  Paris  Haldeman,  H.  L.  Haldeman,  John  a 
Garber,  and  Barr  S|)angler;  President,  John  Miijser; 
Vice-President,  P.  llaldemaii ;  Cashier,  Amos  How- 
man. 

The  E.xchange  Bank  was  established  in  1874,  by 
several  ^e^idents  of  Marietta  and  vicinity,  and  char- 
tered by  State  authority  in  the  same  year,  wiili  a 
capital  stock  of  fifty  thousand  dollars.  The  first  offi- 
cers of  the  bank  were  B.  F.  Hiestand,  president;  J. 
J.  Gilbert,  vice-president;  Joseph  Clarkson,  ca.shier. 
The  banking-house  is  located  on  Second  Street,  a  few 
doors  west  from  Central  Hall.  The  presentofficers  are: 
President,  B.  F.  Hiestand;  Vice-President,  Joseph 
Miller;  Cashier,  Joseph  L.  Brandt. 

Joseph  L.  Brandt  is  a  descendant  of  one  of  the 
earliest  settlers  in  the  county,  tlie  name  of  Adam 
Brand  being  found  among  a  number  of  Germans  who 
settled  in  the  county  previous  to  1718. 

His  great-grandfather,  John  Brandt,  resided  in  Lon- 
donderry township,  Lancaster  Co.,  where  he  was  born 
about  1740,  andjJied  1784.  His  children  were  Chris- 
tian,born  1765;  John, born  1767;  Barbara,  bornl769; 
Samuel,  born  1771  ;  and  Michael,  born  1774. 

His  grandfather,  John  Brandt,  was  born  Feb.  24, 
1767,  and  indentured  to  George  Root  in  1784  to  learn 
the  joiner  and  spinning-wheel  maker  trade,  where  tie 
served  an  a|iprenticeship  of  three  years  and  eight 
months.  He  was  married  (1791)  to  Frena  Bucher, 
born  1772,  died  1857,  a  sister  to  Anna  Bucher,  born 
1769,  the  paternal  grandmother  of  Bayard  Taylor, 
the  noted  traveler,  author,  and  poet,  of  Chester 
County,  and  removed  to  what  has  since  been  known 
as  the  "  old  Brandt  hoipestead,"  near  Maytown.  Hij 
children  were  Varonica  (born  1792),  married  to  Janiea 
McGinnis.and  after  his  death  to  Samuel  Bos!iler,who 
died  1874;  Anna  (born  1793),  miirricd  to  .Toseph 
Clepper,  and  after  his  death  to  Jacob  S.  lluldeiiian, 
who  died  1880;  Christian,  born  1795,  died  1870; 
John  (born  1797),  married  to  Catharine  Hossler,  died 
1854;  Joseph  (born  1800),  married  to  Anna  Nieslej 
(widow),  who  died  184.3  ;   Elizabeth  (born  1803),  mnr- 


BOROUGH   OF   MARIETTA. 


629 


ried  to  John  Hollinger,  who  died  1829.     Mr.  Brandt  | 
was  a  house-carpenter  during  the  few  years  after  liis  j 
marriage,  and  then  became  a  farmer.     He  died  Dec. 
14,  1842. 

His  father,  Christian  Brandt,  was  born  Sejjt.  12, 
1795,  and  married  (1827)  to  Elizabetli  Long  (born 
1808),  daugliter  of  Abraham  Long,  who  resided  near 
Donegal  Springs.  He  was  a  farmer,  and  resided  on 
the  old  Brandt  homestead  during  his  lifetime.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Mennouite  Church,  and  an 
exemplary  Christian.  His  death  occurred  Jan.  7, 
1870.  His  eight  sons  were  Jacob,  born  Oct.  11, 
1829,  who  died  from  accidental  scalding  at  the  age  of 
three  years ;  John,  born  Jan.  1,  1831,  and  married  to 
Mary  Ann  Hossler ;  Abraham,  born  Aug.  19,  1833, 
married  to  Anna  Mary  Creider ;  Christian,  born 
April  19,  1836,  married  to  Susan  Rhoads;  David, 
born  April  6,  1840,  married  to  Maria  Hess;  Samuel, 
born  Oct.  16,  1841,  married  to  Mary  StauHer  ;  Solo- 
mon, born  Feb.  8,  1845  ;  and  Joseph,  the  subject  of 
this  article,  who  was  born  May  21,  1847,  about  one 
and  a  half  miles  northwest  of  Maytown,  where  his 
father,  brothers,  and  sisters  were  born  and  reared. 
He  worked  on  his  father's  farm  and  attended  the 
public  school  of  the  neighborhood  until  eighteen 
years  of  age,  when  he  began  teaching  school,  and 
continued  in  the  profession  until  1878.  In  1867  he 
attended  a  summer  session  at  the  Millersville  Normal 
School,  and  the  following  year  graduated  from  Crit- 
tenden's Commercial  College,  Philadelphia.  In  1875 
he  received  a  teaclier's  permanent  State  certificate. 
In  1876  he  was  the  chosen  candidate  of  the  Demo- 
cratic party  for  the  State  Legislature,  but  the  county 
having  been  overwhelmingly  Republican  at  that  time, 
he  was  defeated.  The  same  year  Mr.  Brandt  was 
married  to  Miss  Agnes  May  Nissley,  oldest  daughter 
of  Rev.  Joseph  Nissley,  residing  near  Hummelstown, 
Dauphin  Co.,  and  removed  to  Maytown.  In  1878  he 
was  elected  justice  of  the  peace  for  his  townsliip. 
East  Donegal,  and  fulfilled  the  duties  of  the  office,  in 
Connection  with  surveying  and  conveyancing,  until 
the  spring  of  1880,  when  he  was  appointed  cashier 
of  the  Exchange  Bank  of  Marietta,  which  position 
he  still  holds. 

Industries. — The  present  Marietta  Hollow-Ware 
and  Enameling  Company  was  organized  ajid  com- 
menced business  in  1876.  Their  works  are  located  on 
the  nortli  side  of  Pennsylvania  Railroad,  a  short  dis- 
tance west  from  the  railroad  station,  and  cover  one 
aero  of  land,  donated  by  Mr.  James  Dutfy,  who  also 
subscribed  ten  thousand  dollars  towards  the  original 
twenty-three  thousand  dollars  stock  of  the  company. 
The  present  company  secured  by  purcliase  at  a  nom- 
inal sum  the  ])lant,  blocks,  machinery,  etc.,  of  a  former 
company,  who-ie  buildings  and  property  were  de- 
Btroyed  by  fire,  and  have  also  added  new  machinery, 
tools,  etc.,  to  facilitate  work-  and  lessen  the  cost  of 
production  of  this  kind  of  goods.  Seventy-live  men 
are  employed  annually  by  tliis  company  in  the  manu- 


facture of  their  goods.  The  officers  for  1883  were: 
President,  James  Duffy ;  Treasurer  and  Secretary, 
George  W.  Mehatfy  ;  Manager,  George  F.  Stibgen. 

The  Marietta  Marble- Works  were  established  on 
Walnut  Street  in  1842  by  M.  Gable,  who  is  still  en- 
gaged in  supplying  all  kinds  of  marble-work  for 
Marietta  and  the  surrounding  country. 

The  Marietta  Machine-Shop  and  Foundry  was  es- 
tablished by  George  Roath,  and.it  is  now  owned  by 
Spangler  &  Rich,  and  operated  by  Samuel  B.  Gramm. 

In  1807  or  1808,  Henry  Cassel,  established  the  lum- 
ber business  on  the  site  now  occupied  by  his  son,  A. 
N.  Cassel,  who,  in  1848,  became  identified  with  the 
business,  and  in  1872  built  the  planing-mill  now 
operated  by  him.  About  three  acres  of  ground  are 
covered  by  the  lumber  and  buildings  of  Mr.  Cassel. 
His  transportation  facilities  are  of  the  best,  being 
supplied  by  both  canal  and  railroad.  The  business 
oflice  is  adjoining  his  lumber-yard,  corner  of  Bank 
and  Third  Streets.  This  firm  gives  employment  to 
about  fifteen  men. 

The  saw-,  planing-mills,  and  lumber-yard  of  B.  F. 
Hiestand  &  Sons  was  est.ablished  in  1850  by  B.  F. 
Hiestand.  The  mills  are  at  Chikis,  and  the  ma- 
chinery driven  by  water-power,  while  the  lumber- 
yard and  business  office  is  at  Bank  and  Second 
Streets,  Marietta.  They  also  have  canal  and  railroad 
facilities  equal  to  any  other  firm,  and  are  connected 
with  Columbia,  York,  and  Lancaster  by  telephone. 
They  employ  about  twenty  men  in  their  business. 

In  1858  a  steam  saw-mill  was  built  on  the  site  now 
occupied  by  the  depot  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad 
by  G.  W.  Mebafty,  James  Duffy,  and  a  Mr.  Vande- 
voort,  and  subsequently  destroyed  by  fire  and  never 
rebuilt. 

Klumpp's  tannery  is  located  on  Locust,  between 
Second  Street  and  Prospect  Alley,  and  was  built  as 
early  as  1815  or  1816,  by  P.  Moyer,  who  conducted 
the  tanning  business  here  for  several  years,  when  it 
became  the  property  of  Kline  &  Wolf,  who  operated 
it  for  many  years,  when  it  finally  passed  into  the 
ownershipof  the  present  proprietor,  John  C.  Klumpp, 
who  remodeled  the  tannery  and  applied  steam-power 
in  the  process  of  tanning,  and  is  now  able  to  turn  out 
nearly  ten  thousand  sides  of   first-class   leather   per 

The  Sultzbach  tannery  is  located  on  the  corner  of 
Locust  and  Walnut  Streets,  and  was  built  by  Henry 
Sultzbach,  who  was  a  native  of  Switzerland.  Just 
when  it  was  built  is  not  now  known,  but  uo  doubt  as 
early  as  1812  or  1815.  It  subsequently  passed  into 
the  hands  of  his  son  John,  thence  to  Henry  Sultz- 
bach, father  of  Henry  L.  Sultzbach,  the  present 
owner,"  who  took  possession  in  1870.  Since  his  occu- 
pancy he  has  added  one  story  to  the  main  building, 
which  is  of  brick,  re-sunk  the  yard,  and  added  steam 
to  the  motive-power.  The  tannery  has  at  present  a 
cai)acity  of  ten  thousand  sides  of  leather  annually, 
and  employs  six  men  in  their  manufacture. 


^Jfe 


630 


HISTORY   OF  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


The  "Lancaster  County  Vaccine  Farm"  was  es- 
tablished in  April,  1882.  under  the  firm-name  of 
Alexander  &  Grove,  consisting  of  Dr.  H.  M.  Alex- 
ander and  David  M.  Grove.  In  October,  1882,  Mr. 
Grove  withdrew,  and  Dr.  H.  M.  Alexander  became 
sole  proprietor.  The  buildings  erected  for  this  special 
purpose  are  as  well  arranged  and  equipped  as  anj'  in 
the  country.  The  stables  are  the  only  heated  vaccine 
stables  in  the  United  States.  Shipments  of  virus  in 
large  orders  are  made  to  all  surrounding  States,  as 
well  as  to  Missouri,  New  Mexico,  Texas,  California, 
Montana,  Georgia,  Louisiana,  Florida,  and  all  New 
England  States.  It  was  sent  safely  to  Canada  and 
South  America. 

Schools. — Joseph  Jeffries,  an  Irishman,  was  one  of 
the  first  teachers  in  the  place.  Prior  to  the  time  he 
taught  in  Marietta  he  had  been  teaching  at  the  log 
school-house  at  Donegal  Church,  and  he  also  taught 
at  Brenneman's,  near  Canoy.  He  did  not  stay  long  in 
one  place.  The  only  scholars  now  living  who  went 
to  his  school  are  Dr.  Nathaniel  Watson,  John  Paulis, 
Hon.  A.  E.  Roberts  (now  of  Lancaster),  Rev.  A.  B. 
Grosh,  Mrs.  Ann  Strickler. 

William  Pierce  taught  school  for  a  few  seasons,  and 
in  its  connection  was  also  a  scrivener.  He  gave  up 
teaching,  and  devoted  his  whole  time  to  the  publica- 
tion of  his  newspaper  and  magazine.  He  came  to 
Marietta  after  the  war  of  1812,  and  remained  there 
several  years. 

Samuel  Ross  was  the  first  person  who  taught  school 
in  the  hall  over  the  market-house,  about  the  year 
1817.  He  was  also  chief  burgess,  and  was  a  person  of 
some  prominence. 

James  Townsen  was  contemporaneous  with  Ross, 
but  taught  school  only  one  or  two  winters. 

William  Ebbles  came  from  Elizabethtown  to  Ma- 
rietta in  1817.  He  opened  a  scrivener's  office,  and 
also  for  a  short  time  taught  school. 

William  Hull  taught  school  in  1820.  There  were 
several  other  teachers  during  the  first  decade  in  the 
history  of  the  town,  whose  names  are  not  now  re- 
membered; none  of  them,  however,  are  worth  par- 
ticular mention.  They  belonged  to  that  peripatetic 
class  of  teachers  who  came  around  in  the  fall  of  the 
year  and  remained  three  or  four  months,  and  then 
took  up  their  line  of  march  for  some  other  locality. 

During  that  time  no  eflfort  was  made  to  establish  a 
classical  or  higher  grade  school ;  that  was  left  for  a 
future  and  more  progressive  generation. 

A  person  named  Stoner  and  a  Yankee  named 
Whitman  also  taught  in  the  Bell  school  house.  Mr. 
Geary  taught  school  where  Brisco  was  in  1820. 

Mr.  Stansbury  was  one  of  the  first  teachers  in  the 
place.  He  remove']  to  Columbia  sixty  years  ago, 
wlirro  hi'  opened  a  school,  and  taught  there  a  number 
of  years. 

John  V.  Smith  taught  school  i.n  1822,  and  remained 
for  two  years. 

George  Briscoe  was  one  of  the  earliest  teachers   in 


the  borough.  He  taught  school  for  a  number  of  yeart' 
in  the  one-story  brick  house  east  of  the  market-house, 
adjoining  Maj.  Huss'  printing-office.  The  last  of  his 
scholars  now  living  is  the  venerable  ex-Judge  JoliQ 
J.  Libhart. 

William  Riinkin  belonged  to  the  old  school  of 
teachers.  He  was  an  Englishman,  and  was  one  of 
the  few  classical  scholars  of  his  calling.  He  taught 
at  Maytown  some  years,  and  came  from  that  place  to 
Marietta  about  the  year  1822,  and  opened  a  school  in 
the  large  room  above  the  market-house.  He  believed 
in  corporal  punishment,  and  the  writer  can  bear 
witness  to  its  practical  operation.  He  is  gone,  but 
not  forgotten. 

Aaron  B.  Grosh,  son  of  Judge  Jacob  Grosh,  was  a 
bright  and  talented  young  man  who  taught  school  a 
few  years  in  the  Bell  school-house,  commencing 
about  the  year  1822.  A  year  or  two  later  he  and  his 
brother  published  a  newspaper.  He  also  became  at- 
tached to  the  Universalist  Church,  and  at  different 
periods  of  his  honorable  career  preached  for  that  de- 
nomination. Of  the  teachers  born  in  Marietta  he 
was  the  most  brilliant.  He  was  equally  distinguished 
in  the  realm  of  letters.  He  is  living  in  New  York 
State,  aged  eighty. 

William  Carter,  a  young  man  who  had  been  study-, 
ing  law  in  the  borough  of  York,  came  tA  Marietta 
about  the  year  1827,  and  taught  school  for  several 
years.  He  returned  to  York,  and  commenced  to 
gather  material  for  a  history  of  Y'ork  County.  He 
and  Mr.  Glossbrenner  published  the  history  about 
fifty  years  ago.  It  was  about  as  large  as  the  New 
Testament. 

Rev.  Abel  Charles  Tliomas,  the  most  accomplished 
and  gifted  of  all  the  early  teachers,  came  to  MariettA 
about  the  year  1828,  and  taught  school  in  the  log 
building  east  of  the  Cross-Keys  tavern,  on  Second 
Street.  He  was  a  Universalist  preacher,  and  a  fine 
elocutionist  and  writer.  His  character  was  above  re- 
proach, and  he  died  loved  and  respected  by  his  friends 
and  neighbors.  He  moved  to  Philadelphia  about 
forty-eight  years  ago.  He  embraced  Universalism 
probably  after  he  came  to  Marietta,  and  became  a 
preacher. 

Rev.  Thomas  Marshall  Boggs,  the  pastor  of  Done- 
gal and  Marietta  Presbyterian  Churches,  was  a  trained 
teacher  of  a  number  of  years'  experience.  Both  in 
Marietta  and  Mount  Joy  he  had  a  class  of  boys  he 
prepared  for  college.  His  brother,  John  Boggs,  who 
was  a  graduate  of  college,  started  an  academy,  and 
taught  the  higher  branches.  The  school  went  down 
for  want  of  patronage.  Mr.  Boggs  was  a  most  excel- 
lent and  competent  teacher,  and  it  was  a  subject  of 
regret  among  the  citizens  that  his  school  was  not  a 
success.  He  entered  the  ministry  of  the  I'rcsbytcriau 
Church. 

\  Rev.  Timothy  Simiison,  a  graduate  of  Montpelier 
College,  Vt.,  came  to  Marietta  in  1831,  and  took 
charge  of  the  school  above  the  market-house,  which 


BOROUGH  OF   MARIETTA. 


631 


,.;;  Mr.  Rankin  left  in  rather  a  demoralized  condition. 
i^»  He  taught  there  one  or  two  years,  when  he  moved 
into  a  new  two-story  frame  school-house  built  by  the 
late  James  Wilson,  one  square  northeast  from  the 
market-house.  His  school  gradually  increased,  when 
he  commenced  to  teach  the  higher  branches. 

One  other  college  student,  named  Graves,  came 
from  a  Vermont  college  to  assist  Mr.  Simpson.  He 
had  a  Latin  class,  composed  of  eight  or  ten  students, 
whom  lie  prepared  to  enter  college.  The  last  two 
years  of  his  term  the  school  assumed  the  dignity  of 
an  academy.  Mr.  Simpson  became  a  Presbyterian 
minister,  and  was  stationed  at  Harper's  Ferry  before 
the  war.  He  was  the  first  teacher  in  Marietta  who 
introduced  into  the  school  at  the  close  of  each 
session  what  was  then  called  an  exhibition.  It  was 
a  pleasing  feature  in  the  exercises,  and  the  boys 
looked  forward  with  a  good  deal  of  trepidation  lest 
there  might  be  some  failure  on  their  part.  The  boys 
that  were  ambitious  and  sharp  went  through  easily. 

George  M.  Clawges  came  from  Clermont,  Delaware 
State,  where  he  h.ad  been  teaching,  to  Marietta  in 
1836,  and  took  charge  of  Mr.  Simpson's  academy. 

He  became  a  zealous  member  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church,  and  afterwards  of  the  Methodist  Church,  in 
which  for  twenty-five  years  he  was  a  local  preacher. 

He  had  been  a  wild  young  man.  He  became  an 
ardent  friend  of  the  cause  of  total  abstinence.  He 
has  been  a  teacher  for  fifty  years,  forty-eight  of  which 
was  spent  in  this  county  in  various  towns  and  dis- 
tricts. 

G.  Washington  Baker  established  a  school  for  ad- 
vanced scholars  in  1847.  He  first  taught  in  the  "St. 
John's  House,"  and  from  there  he  went  to  the  Sus- 
quehanna Institute,  and  had  charge  of  that  institu- 
tion for  a  short  time.  He  was  an  accomplished 
scholar  and  a  brilliant  man,  but  somewhat  erratic. 
He  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Lancaster  in  1847.  He  married  a  niece  of  President 
Buchanan.  He  went  to  California  some  years  ago. 
Marietta  Academy. — The  academy  started  by  Mr. 
■  Baker  formed  the  nucleus  for  another  academy  that 
was  destined  to  longer  life  and  greater  success.  This 
also  started  in  the  St.  John's  House,  by  a  young  man 
who  had  been  teaching  in  the  lower  end  of  the  county, 
who  was  a  native  of  Chester  County,  and  was  edu- 
cated in  the  Quaker  schools  of  that  couiity, 'which 
have  always  and  deservedly  stood  high  in  the  com- 
munity. He  had  but  little  experience  as  a  teacher, 
but  it  was  soon  demonstrated  that  he  was  fully 
equipped  in  "each  and  every  particular"  to  make  his 
school  a  great  success.  This  young  man's  name  was 
James  P.  Wickersliam,  so  well  known  in  school  cir- 
cles tlirofiphout  the  country.  His  success  was  phe- 
(loiricMal  from  the  start.  He  purchased  the  large 
three-story  brick  building  on  the  southwest  corner  of 
Market  Square,  and  also  erected  a  two-story  brick 
academy  building  .adjoining  it  on  the  cast.  His 
academy  soon  filled'up,  and  many  scholars  came  from 


a  distance.  The  late  Maj.  Pyfer,  of  Lancaster,  and 
Dr.  Pugh,  ex-member  of  Congress  from  New  Jersey, 
were  some  of  his  pupils. 

T^he  school,  under  his  master  management,  flour- 
ished while  he  had  charge  of  it.  He  was  called  to  a 
larger  <tnd  wider  field  of  usefulness,  and  was  com- 
pelled to  give  up  the  school  he  created  and  made  a 
grand  success. 

I  need  not  follow  him  any  further  in  this  con- 
nection. 

High  School.— After  Mr.  Wickersham  left  Mari- 
etta, the  citizens,  despairing  of  securing  the  services 
of  a  successful  teacher,  turned  their  attention  to  a 
public  high  school,  which  was  soon  erected  at  the 
rear  end  of  the  old  Bell  school-house.  J.  R.  Sypher, 
who  had  been  one  of  Mr.  Wickersham's  scholars,  and 
a  young  man  of  unusual  promise,  was  called  to  take 
charge  of  the  school.  He  was  a  successful  teacher, 
but  ambition  led  him  to  seek  a  wider  field,  where 
there  was  a  better  prospect  of  being  advanced  iu  the 
legal  profession. 

He  was  followed  by  Professor  Isaac  S.  Geist,  who 
took  charge  of  the  high  school  in  1863.  He  filled  the 
chair  of  Natural  Science  at  Millersville  State  Normal 
School.  From  thence  he  took  charge  of  a  school  in 
Rohrerstown,  and  remained  there  five  years.  From 
thence  he  removed  to  Magnolia,  Putnam  Co.,  III., 
where  he  took  charge  of  an  academy.  From  thence 
he  came  to  Marietta,  as  before  stated,  where  he  has 
continued  iu  charge  of  the  high  school  to  the  present 
time. 

The  common  schools  of  Marietta  are  excelled  by 
few  in  the  State.  The  board  of  public  school  direc- 
tors have  wisely  selected  teachers  who  are  best  fitted 
for  their  vocation,  and  not  chosen  from  favoritism. 
Much  more  might  be  said  in  commendation  of  her 
schools,  but  space  will  not  permit  a  more  extended 
notice. 

A  Female  Seminary  was  established  in  the  second 
story  of  the  school  building  erected  by  Mr.  Wilson, 
where  Mr.  Simpson  and  Mr.  Clawges  taught.  It 
lasted  about  two  years,  when  it  became  a  public 
school. 

Susquehanna  Institute.— Judge  John  J.  Libhart, 
James  Mehafl'ey,  A.  N.  Cassel,  and  several  other 
public-spirited  citizens  organized  a  boarding-school 
by  issuing  stock  and  raising  a  fund  from  that  source. 
In  the  year  1840  the  large  three-story  brick  building 
at  the  eastern  end  of  the  town,  built  by  the  late 
Henry  Cassel,  was  fitted  up  and  arranged  for  an 
academy.         « 

Edward  A.  Seiker  and  a  corps  of  able  teachers  were 
selected.  The  school  started  fairly,  and  was  quite 
successful  for  some  time.  The  stockholders  sold 
their  interest  to  Mr.  .Seiker,  who  reorganized  the 
academy  and  made  an  effort  to  establish  it  upon  a 
firm  basis.  Although  an  accomplished  scholar,  he 
was  no  manager.  He  became  involved  financially, 
and  the  academy  was  sold  by  the  sherilf. 


I    ^i 


HISTORY  OP   LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


Newspapers. — Few.  towns  in  the  State  outside  of 
the  cities  liave  been  more  prolific  in  the  publication 
of  newspapers  than  Marietta.  In  the  month  of  No- 
vember, 1813,  John  Huss,  who  had  just  graduated 
from  the  Journal  oflice  in  Lancaster,  then  under  the 
management  of  William  Hamilton,  came  to  Marietta 
and  established  a  newspaper  called  The  Pilot,  which 
he  printed  in  the  long  one-story  brick  house  on  the 
south  side  of  High  Street,  just  below  the  market- 
house.  In  September,  1814,  he  closed  his  printing- 
oflBce  and  marched  to  Mancus  Hook  as  lieutenant  of 
Capt.  Grosh's  company  of  volunteers,  and  when  Capt. 
Grosh  went  to  Harrisburg  to  take  his  seat  as  a  legis- 
lator, Lieut.  Huss  took  command  of  the  company. 

William  Pierce  purchased  or  took  charge  of  the 
Pilot  office  and  published  a  newspaper  called  the 
Village  Chronicle.  In  1816  this  publication  ceased, 
and  he  then  commenced  the  publication  of  a  monthly 
called  the  Ladles^  Visitor,  which  was  continued  about 
two  years,  when  he  again  embarked  in  the  newspaper 
business  and  established  the  Pioneer  in  the  fall  of 
1826,  which  he  named  after  a  steamboat  of  that  name 
which  worked  its  way  up  the  river  from  the  bay.  In 
1827  he  sold  the  paper  to  Charles  Nagle,  who  in  the 
year  1828  sold  it  to  A.  Bayard  Grosh  and  his  brother, 
Rufus  K.  Grosh,  who  conducted  the  paper  with  great 
ability.  Under  their  management  it  became  a  politi- 
cal paper,  and  supported  the  "  Adams"  party.  In  the 
year  1829  they  sold  the  paper  and  presses  to  Sheaff  & 
Heinitsh,  who  had  just  started  the  Courant  in  Co- 
lumbia, who  served  subscribers  of  both   papers. 

The  Marietta  Advocate  was  started  by  William  R. 
McKay.  Dr.  WoodhuU,  who  was  an  accomplished 
speaker  and  writer,  took  charge  of  the  editorial  de- 
partment. He  came  from  New  Jersey,  and  returned 
there  in  the  fall  of  1833.  The  paper  lived  until  the 
following  spring,  when  it  was  taken  to  Lewistown,  Pa. 

The  Ant  was  started  in  1840  by  Thomas  Taylor, 
and  was  followed  in  1841  by  the  Orb,  published  by 
Israel  Goodman.  In  1842,  Taylor  &  Goodman  started 
the  Washinglonian,  a  temperance  paper.  In  the  year 
1844  the  Week/tj  Argus  was  started  bv  Israel  Good- 
man and  Frederick  L.  Baker  as  a  Whig  paper. 

The  Little  Missionary,  published  by  ,Iohn  F.  Wei- 
schanipel,  was  contemporaneous  with  the  Argus. 

The  Mariettian  was  established  on  the  11th  day  of 
April,  1854,  by  a  joint-stock  company,  with  'the  view 
of  advancing  the  material  interests  of  the  borough. 
It  was  neutral  in  politics.  It  was  published  by  Israel 
Goodman  ;  James  P.  Wickershara,  late  superintend- 
ent of  the  schools  of  the  State,  then  piincipal  of  the 
Marietta  Academy;  John  Jay  Libhart,  one  of  the 
associate  judges  of  the  County  Court;  Abraham  N. 
Cassel,  formerly  a  member  of  the  Legislature  of  the 
State  and  a  [iromincnt  business  man;  and  Samuel 
Patterson,  a  prominent  business  man;  and  in  1856, 
Dr.  William  K.  Mehaffey  became  sole  editor,  and 
Frederick  L.  Baker  publishe'r.  In  1860,  Mr.  Baker 
purchased   the  outstanding   stock  and    became  sole 


proprietor,  and  he  published  it  as  an  Independent 
Republican  journal.  Its  name  was  changed  to  Mart' 
etta  Register.  In  1874  he  sold  the  paper  to  Joseph  L, 
Wolfensberger,  who  was  one  of  the  publishers  of  t 
Columbia  Spy.  In  1875  he  sold  the  paper  to  Percy 
Shrock  and  Linville  Hendrickson,  and  in  1880  t 
latter  sold  to  Mr.  Schrock,  who  is  now  the  sole  editor 
and  owner. 

The  Marietta  Times  was  established  Nov.  25, 
by  George  Gilbert  Cameron,  by  whom  it  is  still  pub«J 
lished.     It  was  originally  a  four-page,  seven-column 
paper,  twenty-four  by   thirty-six   inches.      April  1,-^ 
1883,  the  i)aper  was  enlarged  to  nine  columns,  and' 
size  of  sheet  twenty-eight  by  forty-two  inches.  > 

Marietta  Lyceum.'— During  the  winter  of  1836 
-37,  Josiah  Holbrook  made  a  scientific  missionary' 
tour  through  parts  of  Lancaster  County,  lecturing  oo 
the  natural  sciences,  and  stimulating  the  establish- 
ment of  lyceums  and  the  formation  of  libraries,  and 
the  collection  of  natural  objects.  Among  other  places, 
he  sojourned  fur  a  short  season  at  Marietta,  Pa.,  which  j 
resulted  in  the  organization  of  the  Marietta  Lyceum 
of  Natural  Sciences.  This  association  continued  for 
some  years,  its  places  of  meeting  being  the  old  Bell 
school-house  and  the  Mennonite  meeting-house,  on  j 
Walnut  Street,  and  occasionally  the  Bazaar  Cotillion 
Hall.  It  held  lectures  and  discu-ssions  on  scientifio 
and  other  subjects,  procured  a  set  of  philosophical 
implements,  and  made  a  respectable  collection  of 
books,  minerals,  etc.  Mr.  E.  Code,  Professor  HaUif 
deman.  Judge  Libhart,  A.  N.  Cassel,  Esq.,  and  othen, 
delivered  lectures  before  it.  Although  it  stimulated  \ 
the  pursuit  of  the  natural  sciences  in  a  few,  yet  th«,' 
general  interest  in  it  soon  waned,  and  after  an  active 
existence  of  three  or  four  years  it  was  dissolved,  the, 
individual  property  in  it  withdrawn,  and  the  re- 
mainder either  divided  or  specially  deposited  else- 
where. It  never  revived,  and  therefore  became  ex- 
tinct. Its  inrtuence,  however,  so  far  as  it  pervaded 
the  minds  of  its  members,  never  died,  and  perhaps 
never  will. 

The  Libhart-Marietta  Museum.'— John  Jay  Lib- 
hart was  an  artist  by  profession,  a  man  of  marked 
scientific  attainments  and  more  than  ordinary  me- 
chanical skill ;  and,  even  before  the  organization  of 
the  Lyceum,  had  commenced  a  collection  of  object! 
of  vertu.  His  specialty  in  natural  science  was  ornt 
thology,  and  soon  alter  the  dissolution  of  the  Lyceum 
much  of  the  available  space  in  his  house  was  devoted 
to  prepared  specimens  of  birds,  mammals,  reptiles, 
fishes,  shells,  fossils,  minerals,  etc.  These,  with  the 
addition  of  works  of  art,  soon  culminated  in  a 
seum  ;  and,  about  1840,  he  effected  a  lease  on  the  large 
upper  room  of  the  market-house,  which  at  that  period, 
and  for  a  long  time  previous,  had  occupied  a  part  of 
the  Centre  Square  of  Marietta,  and  the  Libhart  Mu- 
suem  accordingly  went  into  active  operation. 


By  S.  S.  Ilathvon. 


BOROUGH   OF   MARIETTA. 


■0    I 

I    that 

i      DUSI 


This  museum  was  very  artistically  arranged  in 
portable  cases,  aud  for  a  period  of  ten  years  was  the 
wly  museum  open  to  the  public  in  the  county  of 
lancaster.  The  market  building  had  beeu  erected 
Airing  the  "speculation  fever,"  soon  after  the  incor- 
poration of  the  borough,  about  1815,  but  never  had 
Wen  a  very  firm  structure,  and  about  18(30  it  was  de- 
dared  insecure,  and  under  a  decree  of  the  Town 
Council  it  was  torn  down  and  a  market-house  built 
Walnut  Street.  No  other  room  in  the  borough  at 
period  being  available  for  the  reception  of  the 
Buseiiiii,  it  became  disintegrated,  if  not  obliterated, 
hit  perhaps  not  entirely  extinct,  except  as  a  whole. 
Many  of  the  mammals,  birds,  fishes,  reptiles,  and 
■inerals  were  donated  specially  to  the  Lancaster 
Athenieum,  and  subsequently  transferred  to  the  Lin- 
Dcaii  Society.  Another  portion  was  transferred  to 
the  upper  rooms  of  the  old  town  hall,  on  Walnut 
Street,  and  others  (drawer  specimens)  the  proprietor 
retained  in  his  own  possession.  But,  as  a  living,  ac- 
tive, public  institution,  it  has  been  as  thoroughly 
atinguishcd  as  has  been  the  building  that  once  con- 
tained it. 

The  Pioneer  Fire  Company  of  Marietta'  was 
lucurpnrated  by  the  Legislature  May  lil,  1840,  the 
Incorporators  being  Janics  Wilson,  Samuel  M.  Yost, 
Jacob  Stibgen,  Robert  Ramsey,  John  Bell,  John 
Huston,  William  A.Spangler,  Henry  Charles,  James 
T.Anderson,  Samuel  Algier,  David  Rinehart,  John 
Park,  Samuel  Oberlin,  John  B.  Maloney,  Simon  S. 
Nagle,  John  J.  Libhart,  Samuel  D.  Miller,  Joseph 
Inhoff,  and  A.  N.  Cassel,  of  whom  Simon  S.  Nagle, 
lion.  John  J.  Libhart,  Joseph  Inhoff,  and  Hon.  A.  N. 
Cassel  are  living.  The  first  meeting  of  the  company 
was  held  at  the  public-house  of  John  Barr  on  Tues- 
day evening,  Jan.  19,  1841.  John  Jay  Libhart  pre- 
lided  ;  A.  N.  Cassel  was  chosen  secretary.  The  act  of 
incorporation  was  read.  A.  N.  Cassel,  Henry  Charles, 
John  Huston,  J.T.  Anderson,  and  John  Jay  Libhart 
were  selected  a  committee  to  draft  by-laws  for  the 
company.  Adjourned  to  meet  Saturday  evening,  23d, 
»t same  place.  The  second  meeting:  The  company 
met  agreeably  to  adjournment  Saturday  evening,  Jan. 
23,  1841.  The  committee  on  by-laws  made  their  re- 
pfirt,  which  was  unanimously  adopted.  The  company 
was  then  organized  by  the  election  of  the  following 
officers:  John  Jay  Libhart,  president;  J.T.  Aniier- 
Bon,  vice-president ;  David  Rinehart,  treasurer;  A.N. 
Cussel,  secretary  ;  Robert  Ramsey,  messenger;  John 
Park,  John  B.  Maloney,  Henry  Charles,  Simon  S. 
Nagle,  and  William  Spangler,  directors.  The  subse- 
quent officers  have  been  as  follows  : 


1MJ— John  J.  LH.lmrt,  prpnlOent ;  .1.  T.  Amleraoii,  i 

IMJ-J.l.i,  J.  Lilli;Jl.|i.isi. I,  J.T   An.leraoii, 

1M4.— Joliu  J.  Libliiirt,  pieai.liMit;  J.  T.  .^iidorBon, 
Cassi-l,  Becietary  ;  Duvid  Kiueliuit,  trt-ftaiirer. 

1  By  George  H.  Ettla. 


1845.— William  A.  Spangler,  president;  Jolm  Park,  vice-presfdent ;  A.N. 
Cassel,  secretary  ;  David  Rinehart,  treasurer. 

1846.— Samuel  D.  Miller,  president ;  J.  T.  Anderson,  vice-president ;  Wil- 
liam Child,  Jr.,  seur.-t.uv;  David  Rintliart,  treasurer. 

lS47.-RokertA.Ranisey,i  .   -:  !   i  i;   !  'I    .\iidersou,  vice-president;  Wil- 


y,  vice-president;  William 
lagle,  vice-president ;  Wil- 
vice-president;   William 


184S.— .I.T.  Am(jrson,p..    . 

Child,  Jr,  secretary:    !':■:  ;  1:    .   ' 

1S49.— William  A. Spaiigl.r,  |iimuKii1; 
Ham  Child,  Jr.,  secretary  ;  J.  T,  An 

18511.— S.  S.  Nagle,   presidejit;    8.  D.  J 

Child,  Jr.,  secretary;  J.  T.  Anderson,  treasurer. 

1851.— S.  D    Miller,  president;   J.  J.  Lihhart,  vice-president;  William 
Child,  Jr.,  secretary;  J.  T.  Andei-son,  treasurer. 

1852.— James  Mehnffcy,  president;    Aaron  Gable,  vice-president;  Wil- 
liam Child,  Jr.,  secretary;  J.  T.  Anderson,  treasurer. 

1853.— John  J.  Libhart,  president:  Isaac  Reisiager,  vice-president;  Wil- 
liam Child,  Jr.,  secretary  ;  J.  T.  Anderson,  treasurer. 

1854.— John   J.   Libhart,   pLisideiit;    I^.iac    Reisin-er,   vice-president; 
William  Child,  Jr.,  s.    :  ■■  .  ■      .Mi  .  ,  .  :,  r,.,,,  i,  neasurer. 

1S56.— Jolm  J.  Libharl.  I  ill;  _    :         .-president  ;  Wil- 

liam Child,  Jr.,  s,a;    :    ;         ,-  ,1       -urer. 

1856.— John    J.  Lilihaii.   l      -i.'n',    I    '■      Ui-iii^'i,   vice-president; 
William  Child,  Jr.,  seci  etary  ,  Abraham  Cassel,  treasurer. 

1857.— Charles  Kelly,  president ;  Samuel  D.  Miller,  vice-president ;  Wil- 
liam Child,  Jr  ,  secretary  ;  Abraham  Cassel,  treiisurer. 

1858.— Jacob  ?   •i.nn^t   r    ]r  si  lent;  John  J.  LU.hart,  vice-president  ; 
WilliuN  111!      ~     :    !  i:  \  ;  Abraham  Cassel,  treasurer. 

1859.— John    I     I         >'     ,:  nt.  Jacob  Sungmuster,  vice-president; 

William  1  1  11  .,   I:     .     .    1    1  V  ,  Abraham  Cassel,  treasurer. 

I860.— J.  M.  Lar/LlHi,.,   pi,-idrnt;    John  J.  Libhart,  vice-president; 
William  Child,  Jr.,  secrelary  ;  Abraham  Cassel,  treasurer. 

18f)l. — John  J.  Libhart,  president ;  Jacob  Songraaster,  vice-president  ; 
William  Child,  Jr.,  secretary  ;  Abraham  Cassel,  treasurer. 

1862. — John  J.  Lib'iart,  president  ;   Jacob  Songmaster,  vice-president: 
John  Folks,  secretary  ;  Abraham  Caasel,  treasurer. 

1803.- John  J.  Libhart,  president;  Jacob  Songmaster,  vice-president; 
J.  51.  Larzelere,  secretary  ;  Abraham  Cassel,  treasurer. 

1864.— John  J.  Libharl.  president ;  Jacob  Songmaster,  vice-president ; 
J.  JI.  Larzelere,  secretary  ;  Abraham  Cassel,  treasurer. 

1865. — Jacob  Soii^masbT,  pre^idi-nt ;  Walker  Fryberger,  vice-president; 


186U.-Jaiol.  -     ,.      , 

»     l..r"Fryb6rger,  vice-president; 

J.M.Lai, 

\    ^.,^sel,  treasurer. 

1867.— Jacol   s 

ill,,  l;  ,1.1  rl  Carroll,  Jr.,  vice-president; 

M.  M.  <,i      ,          ,- 

:    ...  .\l.r,.baiu  Cassel,  treasurer. 

16C8.-Jaiul.    -     .    .1,.    : 

,  ,        1  ;<  lit  ;  Frederick  Waller,  vice.presldent; 

M.  M    ''.Li        •, 

;    ,        .Miraham  Cassel,  treasurer. 

1869.— Jacob  =..i,„i.i,i=l. 

,  pi.-il-nt;  William  B.  Allwlne,  vlce-presl- 

dent;  M.  M.  Carrac 

ler,  secretary;  Hubert  Carroll,  Sr.,  treasurer. 

1870.— Jacob  Songmaste 

M.  Carrachei-,  secre 

ary  ;  Ibdicrt  Carroll,  Jr.,  treasurer. 

1871. -Jacob  S  ii.ii-i,-- 

r  |,i,.  ,|,  i,r,  11  !iry  Mosey,  vice-president ;  M. 

M.  C.in  1.   ,   . 

,1    ,    l:       ,■  -      ,    11,  Jr.,  treasurer. 

1872.-Jacnl   -111' 

,    ,      ,      :      1       |,1,  Windolph,  vice-president; 

M.  M   (■„:,,.  i.i. 

.1,1),   w  1.1,1  liyberger,  treasurer. 

187;i.-G.  11.   Ellla,    i.r, 

i.leiit  i   Joseph  Windolph,  Joseph  A.  Wolfoa- 

herger,  vice-presidi 

its;    M.   M.  Carracher,  secretary;   George  F. 

Slibgen,  Ircasmer. 

1874.-George  H.  Eltia, 

president ;  J.  I.  McConnell,  George  W.  Uilde- 

braTidt,  vice-preside 

its  ;    M.   M.  Carracher,   secretary ;    George  F. 

II.  Ettla,  president;  Robert  Carroll,  Jr.,  Frederick  Wal- 
iresiileuts;   Amos  Grove,  secretary;    George   F.  Stibgen, 


1876.— George  H.  Ettla,  president;  George  W.  Hildebrandt,  Robert  Ca 
roll,  Jr.,  vice-presidents;  -imos  Grove,  secretary;  George  F.  Sti 


7.— George  H.  Etila, 
roll,  Jr.,  ,vice-piesiil 


1878.— George  H.  EUla, 


1879.— George  H.  Eltla, 


Geurke  W.  Hildebrandt,  Robert  Car- 
is  Grove,  secrelary ;  c,.,orj;e  F.  Stib- 


George  F.  Stibge 


634 


HISTORY  OP   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


).— George  H.  Ettia,  pn-sidont;  Ge 
vice-presidents;  Amos  Grove,  aecre 


1881.— George  H.  EttIa,  president;  George  F.  SliUge 
vice-preaideDts  ;  Amos  Grove,  secretary  ;  George  ' 


-George   H.  Eltla,  president;  Adam  AViaeman,  James  W,  Kelly, 
ice-presidents;  AnioB  Grove,  secretary;   George  W.  Reich,  treas- 


1883. — George   H.    Ettla,  preside: 


Jacob  Songraaster,  Andrew  W 
ove,  secretary;   George  W.  Eeic 


In  1872  the  borough  authorities  placed  a  third- 
clasa  Silsby  steam  fire-engine  in  charge  of  the  com- 
pany. The  chief  engineers  were  Henry  W.  Wolf 
and  Samuel  L.  Emswiller.  The  company  has  always 
been  a  beneficial  one,  having  dispensed  for  relief  to 
its  members  nearly  eight  thousand  dollars.  Present 
membership,  seventy-three. 

Donegal  Lodge,  No.  129,  I.  0.  of  0.  F.,'  was  in- 
stituted Dec.  2:j,  a.d.  1845,  by  George  Morris,  of  York, 
officiating  as  Grand  Master  (in  St.  John  Build- 
ing), assisted  by  John  F.  Houston,  D.  G.  M. ;  P.  G. 
Kilgore,  G.  W.";  George  C.  Franciscus,  G.  C. ;  E.  J. 
Sneeder,  G.  Sec; ;  S.  D.  Young,  G.  Treas. ;  M.  Neal, 
G.  G. 

The  charter  members  were  S.  S.  Rathvon,  John 
Dougherty,  F.  K.  Curran,  W.  L.  Carter,  John  Car- 
roll, and  Frank  Plury.  The  first  oflicers  elected 
and  installed  were  as  follows:  S.  S.  Rathvon*,  N.  G.  ; 
John  Dougherty,  V.  G. ;  F.  K.  Curran,  Sec. ;  William 
L.  Carter,  Asst.  Sec. ;  John  Carroll,  Treas.  The 
lodge  continued  to  meet  and  prosper  in  same  building 
until  1874.  In  the  year  1873  its  new  hull  and  pres- 
ent place  of  meeting  was  built,  having  joined  with 
the  Borough  Council  and  Central  Hall  Association 
in  erecting  a  large  hall,  ninety-five  feet  long  by  forty- 
five  feet  wide,  and  three  stories  high,  the  Odd-Fellows 
of  Donegal  Lodge,  No.  129,  putting  on  the  third  story, 
which  was  completed  and  furnished  in  July,  1874, 
when  the  lodge,  by  consent  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of 
Pennsylvania,  moved  into  the  new  hall,  and  on  the 
11th  day  of  August,  1874,  the  same  was  dedicated 
with  imposing  ceremony  by  Isaac  A.  Sheppard,  G.  M. ; 
Dr.  John  Levergood,  D.  G.  M. ;  Past  Grand  George 
Borie,  G.  W. ;  and  Past  Grand  Sire  James  B.  Nichol- 
son, G.  Sec,  with  other  prominent  and  distinguished 
Odd-Fellows  assisting.  The  day  will  be  long  remem- 
bered in  the  annals  of  this  lodge. 

The  lodge-room  is  excelled  by  few  lodges  for  neat- 
ness and  comfort.  The  frescoing  and  furnishing  of 
the  room  all  blend  in  harmony  with  each  other.  The 
size  of  room  is  fifty-four  feet  long  and  thirty-seven 
feet  wide,  and  height  of  story  fifteen  feet,  with  mould- 
ings, with  two  pleasant  ante-rooms  and  one  parapher- 
nalia-room, and  lighted  with  gas. 

The  present  number  of  members  is  eighty-five.  The 
present  officers  are  Wilford  M.  Tiusley,  N.  G. ;  Dr. 
George  W.  Worral,  V.  G.  ;  John  Naylor,  Sec. ;  Harry 

>  By  E.  D.  Uoatb,  Esq. 


L.  Villee,  Asst.  Sec. ;  Oristus  A.  Hippie,  Treas.  TL«' 
lodge  is  in  a  fiourishing  condition,  and  meets  weekly 
on  Tuesday  evenings.  It  also  owns  a  fine  lodge-room 
on  sgme  story  adjoining,  with  suitable  anterooms,  for 
renting  purposes,  etc. 

Marietta  Encampment,  No.  76,  I.  0.  of  O.F„'of 
Marietta  borough,  u-as  instituted  May  11,  A.D.  1848, 
by  District  Dejiuty  Grand  Patriarch  Claiborne  ofBcl* 
ating  as  Grand  Chief  Patriarch,  assisted  by  Thoino  'I 
Tyrrel,  G.  H.  P. ;  J.  C.  Phaler,  G.  S.  W. ;  J.  M.  La^ 
zelerc,  G.  J.  W.;  J.  McGlachlin.  G.  Scribe;  J.  Stre. 
big,  G.  Sent.,  as  Grand  Encampment  officers. 

Charter  members,  viz.:  S.  S.  Rathvon,  John  Ca> 
roll,  J.  M.  Larzelere,  Jacob  Gilinan,  N.  JIaloney,  A, 
Leader,  A.  Heiser,  Samuel  G.  Miller.  The  first  officer* 
elected  and  installed  were  as  follows:  S.  S.  Rath- 
von, C.  P.;  John  Carroll,  H.  P.;  J.  M.  Larzelere, 8. 
W. ;  Jacob  Oilman,  J.  W. ;  Nelson  Maloney,  Scrib«; 
Andrew  Leader,  Treas. 

The  encampment  meets  semi-monthly,  on  the  firet 
and  third  Thursdays  of  every  month,  in  Odd-FelloAi* 
Hall  (Central  Hall  Building).  Its  present  officers  are 
George  W.  Bucher,  C.  P.  ;  Oristus  A.  Hippie,  H.P.j 
Samuel  L.  Dellinger,  S.  W. ;  Isaac  B.  Kauft'inan,  J, 
W. ;  John  Naylor,  Scribe;  E.  D.  Roath,  Treas.  The 
present  membership  is  twenty-five  (many  have  with' 
drawn  and  moved  to  other  parts,  which  greatly  re- 
duced the  number).  Though  the  membership  ii 
small,  the  encampment  is  in  a  healthy  conditioo 
fiuitncially. 

Ashara  Lodge,  No.  398,  A.  Y.  M.— The  warrant 
for  this  lodge  w;is  granted  Sept.  5,  1867,  A.L.  58G7, 
and  the  lodge  duly  instituted  Nov.  22,  1867,  A  L. 
5867,  with  the  following-named  charter  members; 
Past  Master  Robert  C.  Russel,  Henry  Landis,  David 
Roth,  Past  Master  William  H.  E.igle,  George  H. 
Eltla,- Frederick  Baker,  John  R.  Ditlenbach. 

The  first  officers  were  Rev.  Robert  C.  Russell,  W. 
M. ;  Dr.  Henry  Landis,  S.  W. ;  David  Roth,  J.  W.; 
William  H.  Ea^e,  Treas.;  George  H.  Ettla,  Sec; 
Rev.  Thomas  Montgomery,  Chap. ;  John  W.  Rich,  S, 
D. ;  Christian  Hanlen,  J.  D. ;  Fred.  L.  Baker,  S.  M.  C; 
Israel  Hanlen,  Tyler. 

The  successive  presiding  officers  were  Robert  0, 
Russell,  1868;  Henry  Landis,  1869;  Harry  C.  Eagle, 
1870;  E.  D.  Roath,  1871-72;  Christian  Hanlen,  1873; 
John  Strickler,  1874;  J.  Verner  Long,  1875;  George 
H.  Ettla,  1876;  William  Jones  Bridells,  1877;  Artliur 
Bennett,  1878;  George  F.  Stibgen,  1879;  John  L. 
Jacobs,  Joseph  Fisher,  1880;  Calvin  A.  Schallner, 
1881;  Jacob  R.  Windolph,  1882. 

The  present  ofiicers  are:  W.  M.,  Jacob  Rathvoa 
Windolph;  S.  W.,  James  W.  H.  Johnson;  J.  W, 
Frank  J.  Mack;  Treas.,  John  Walter  Rich;  Sec  ,  1 
Shiter  Geist;  S.  D.,  Edmund  Horn;  J.  D.,  Viclur  M, 
Haldeman;  S.  M.  C,  George  Rudisill;  J.  M.  C, 
Adam  Balin  ;  Pur.,  Abram  Ferey  ;  Chap.,  Past  Master 


'  By  E. 


1,  Esq. 


BOROUGH  OF    MARIETTA. 


i  D.  Roath;  Tyler,  John  Naylor.  The  time  of 
■eeting  is  Monday  evening,  on  or  before  full  moon 
♦(every  month,  in  OJd-Fellows'  Hall.  It  has  sixty- 
fcur  members.    . 

Waterford  Council,  No.  72,  0.  U.  A.  M.,'  was  in- 
Ititutcd  and  organized  I)ec.  16,  lSii7,  by  J.  Kaylor 
Snyder,  Deputy  State  Councillor,  assisted  by  Ex-C. 
Jacob   Weitzel    and    Ex.-C.    Edward   Rusing.     The 

larter  members  were  E.  D.  Roath,  E.  Rusing,  Henry 
Ocliard,  Amos  Grove,  George  Rudisill,  John  W.  Pe- 
ters, John  Cohick,  Henry  Pickel,  Henry  Reichard, 
8»muel  Scantling,  Jacob  Bowers,  Isaac  Snyder,  John 
Montgomery,  H.  S.  Book,  George  H.  Hippie,  A.  Ems- 
wilier,  Samuel  Thuma,  and  otliers.  The  6rst  officers 
elected  and  installed  were  Ex-State  C.  E.  D.  Roath, 
C. ;  John  Peck,  V.  C. ;  Amos  Grove,  Rec.  Sec. ;  Henry 
8.  Book,  Asst.  Rec.  Sec. ;  George  Rudisill,  Fin.  Sec. ; 
Henry  Ockard,  Treas. ;  Simon  H.  Mutch,  I.;  John 
W.  Peters,  Ex. ;  Samuel  R.  Hippie,  I.  P. ;  John  Bur- 
ger, 0.  P. ;  Trustees,  Edward  Rusing,  John  Cohick, 
Simon  H.  Mutch. 

Tliu  membership  is  forty-five.  Meetings  are  held 
weekly,  on  Monday  evening,  in  Mechanics'  Hall, 
ibove  Mills  &  Co.'s  hardware-store.  The  present 
officers  are  Frederick  Robinson,  C. ;  Alexander  Sar- 
pn,  V.  C. ;  Amos  Grove,  Rec.  Sec. ;  Frank  Thomp- 
mn,  Jr.,  Asst.  Rec.  Sec;  David  Mattis,  Fin.  Sec; 
Henry  Ockard,  Treas.;  Samuel  Boughter,  I.;'  W.  S. 
Bitnmons,  Ex.;  John  Rial,  I.  P.;  Thomas  Martin, 
0.  P.;  Trustees,  Thomas  Marlin,  Edward  Rusing, 
George  Rudisill. 

All  the  charter  members  had  belonged  to  the  order 
before  organizing  this  council.  Although  the  mem- 
bership is  small,  the  council  is  in  a  prosperous  finan- 
cial condition. 

Donegal  Lodge,  No.  108,  K.  of  P.— The  order 
of  Knights  of  Pythias  was  instituted  at  Marietta, 
Pa.,  under  a  charter  granted  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of 
Pennsylvania,  dated  Sept.  12,  18GS.  The  first  meet- 
ing of  the  order  was  held  in  Temperance  Hall, 
Saturday,  Sept.  12,  1868,  when  the  following-named 
became  members  of  the  order:  George  H.  Ettia, 
David  Roth,  Jacob  So'ngmaster,  Henry  M.  Mosey, 
Samuel  L.  Dellinger,  F.  E.  Krouse,  Albert  Ropp, 
Peter  Gottschall,  Isaac  B.  Kaullhian,  John  Spangler, 
Jacob  A.  Wisner,  Samuel  Gladfelter,  II.  S.  KauH- 
man,  George  W.  Bucher,  Clene  Miller,  Philip  M. 
Kline,  Gotleib  Mayer,  and  I.  Hostetter.  The  fol- 
lowing-named elected  officers  were  duly  installed  : 
George  H.  Ettla,  W.  C. ;  David  Roth,  V.  C. ;  Jacob 
SoDginaster,  V.  P. ;  Henry  M.  Mosey,  Rec.  Scribe  ; 
Samuel  L.  Dellinger,  W.  B. ;  Frederick  E,  Krouse, 
Fin.  Scribe;  Albert  Ropp,  W.  G. ;  Peter  Gottschall, 
I.S.;  Isaac  B.  KauOrman,  O.  S. 

The  subsequent  officers  have  been  as  follows: 


c.  c  p. 


1  Uotli,  W.  C. ;  .\llii.rt  Roiip,  ' 
,  U.  S. ;  S.  L.  D.lliiign 


E.  D.  Hoath,  Esq. 


1870.— P.  Gottschall,  W.  C.  ;  Jeff  Thompson,  V,  C;  A.  Bopp,  V.  P.;  S. 

E.  Wisner,  R.  S.;  S.  L.  Dillii.ser,  Banker;  David  Roth,  F.  S. ;  Jeff 
Thompson,  W.  C.  ;  John  B.  Taylor,  V.  C. 

1871— John  B.  Taylor,  W.C;  John  R^iff,  V.  C. ;  Jeff  Thompson,  V.  P. ; 
Gejirge  H.  Ettla,  R   S. ;  S.  L.  Dellinger,  Banker;  Frank  Thompson, 

F.  S  ;  n.  M.  Mosey,  W,  O.;  Isiael  Ilanlen,  V.  C. 

1872,— Israelllanlen,  W,  C. ;  William  ReiJ,  V.  C  ;  H.  M,  Mosey,  V.  P,; 
William  H,  Buller,  R.  S. ;  S.  L,  Dellinger,  Banker;  Frank   Thomp- 

1872.— William  Reid,  W,  C, ;  Aaron  Sonrhier,  V,  C, 

1873,— A.  Sourhi.-r,  W,  C.  ;  William  SIranss,  V,  C,  ;  William  Reid,  V,  P, ; 
Amos  Grove,  R,  S, ;  S.  L.  Bellinger,  Banker ;  David  Matlis,  F,  S, 

July  1,  1873,  the  titles  of  officers  wero  changed.  William  Strauss,  C,  C, ; 
D,  H,  Mellinsei',  V.  C. 

1874 —D.  H.  Mellinger,  C,  C. ;  Joseph  G,  Heinaman,  V,  C. ;  George 
Sillier,  Prelate;  E.  J,  Wisner,  K.  R.  and  S. ;  S.  L.  Dellinger, 
M,  Exc;  D.  MaUis,  M.  F. ;  George  Miller,  C.  C;  J,  G.  Heinaman, 
V,  C;  Joseph  G,  Heinaman,  Prelate;  J.  B,  Kauffman,  K.  B. 
andS 

187S.— J.  G,  Heinaman,  C,  C;  Samnal  Reinhold,  V.  0.;  Araos  Grove, 
Prelate;  J.  B  Kauffman,  K.  R.  and  S. ;  S.  L.  Dellinger,  M.  Ejtc. ; 
David  Maltia,  M.  F. ;  A.  Grove,  C.  C, ;  F,  E.  Krouse,  V.  C;  George 
Conncilman,  Prelate;  George  G,  Lindsay,  K.  R,  and  S, 

1876.— F,  E,  Krouse,  C.  C  ;  George  Miller,  V,  C.;  l3R.ac  Metzler,  Pre- 
late; George  G.  Lindsay,  K.  R,  and  S, ;  S.  L,  Dellinger,  M.  Exc, ; 
D.  Matlis,  M.  F,;  A.  Ropp,  C,  C. ;  J.  Metzler,  V.  C, ;  S.  Keinhold, 
Prelate. 

1877— J.  Metzler,  C,  C;  H.  M,  Mosey,  V.  C. ;  Andrew  Williams.  Pre- 
late ;  G.  G,  Lindsay,  K.  B.  and  S. ;  S.  L,  Dellinger,  M.  Exc. ;  David 
Mattis,  M.  F, ;  Samuel  Reinhold,  C,  C. ;  A,  Williams,  V.  C;  George 
Miller,  Prelate. 

1878.— A.  Williams,  0.  C, ;  D.  H.  Mellinger,  V.  C;  Absalom  Light,  Pre- 
l.ite;  H.  M.  Mosey.  K.  B.  and  S. ;  S.  L.  Dellinger,  M.  Exc;  David 
Mattis,  M.  F.;  D,  H.  Mellinger,  C.  C.  ;  Absalom  Light,  V.  C;  J.  J. 
McNicholl,  Prelate. 

1879.— Misalom  Light,  C.C;  A.  Bopp,  V.  C.  ;  E.J,  Wisner,  Prelate;  H. 
M.  Mosey,  K.  B.  and  S. ;  S.  L.  Dellinger,  M.  Exc. ;  D.  Mattis,  M.  F, ; 
A.  Bopp,  C.  C;  A,Sourbier,  V,  C, ;  George  Miller,  Prelate, 

1880,— George  H.  Etlla,  C.  C. ;  George  Miller,  V,  C, ;  Christ.  Wanzel, 
Prelate;  H.  M.  Jtosey,  K.  B.  and  S.;  S  L.  Dellinger,  M.  Exc.  ;  D. 
Mattis,  M.  F,  ;  George  Miller,  C.  C;  C.  Wanzel,  V.  C;  Howard 
Eriaman,  Prelate. 

1881— Christ.  Wauzrl,  C.  C. ;  Howard  Eriaman,  T.  C;  Peter  Baura,  Pre- 
late; D.  It.  Mellinger,  K.  R  and  S. ;  S.  L.  Dellinger,  M,  Exc;  D. 
Mattis,  M,  v.:  Howard  Erisman,  C.  C;  P.  Bauin,  V.  C;  A,  Ropp, 
Prelate. 

1882— Peter  Baum,  0.  C, ;  A.  Light,  V.  C.  ;  George  Remick,  Prelate ;  D. 
H.  Mellinger,  K.  fi*and  S.;  S.  L.  Dellinger,  M.  Exc;  A,  Sonrbier, 
M.F.  ;  A.  Light,  C.  C;  George  Remick,  V.  C;  Ellwood  P.  Bucher, 
Prelate. 

1883,— George  Remick,  C.  C. ;  E,  P,  Bucher,  V.  C.;  D.  Matlis,  Prelate  ; 
D,  II.  Mellinger,  K.  R.  andS.;  S  L.  Dellinger,  M.  Exc;  A.  Sour- 
bier.  M.F. ;  E.  P.  Bucher,  C.  C;  William  McNeil,  V,  C. ;  Frederick 
BrUBO,  Prel.lte;  Samuel  R.  Gnimm,  K.  R.  and  S. 

The  present  membership  is  ninety-one.  The  lodge 
now  owns  Temperance  Hall.  It  also  has  an  invested 
capitiil  of  $3500. 

Cassiopeia  Lodge,  No.  1705,  G.  U.  0.  of  0.  F.,^ 
was  instituted  at  Marietta  Nov.  8,  1875,  with  the 
following-named  officers  and  members:  Joseph  M. 
Staffi>rd,  P.  N.  F.;  Singleton  Willis,  N.  F.  ;  William 
F.  Sebastian,  P.  N.  G. ;  Charles  Jason,  Sr.,  N.  G. ; 
John  M.  Mallon,  V.  G. ;  Charles  Jason,  Jr.,  E.  S. ; 
Joseph  M.  StafTord,  P.  S. ;  John  M.  Mallon,  Chap- 
lain; Charles  Jason,  Sr.,  Treas. ;  Archer  Sales,  W.; 
Andrew-Black,  G. ;  William  H.  Cain,  R.  S.  to  N.  G. ; 
Jeremiah  Miles,  L.  S.  to  N.  G. ;  Josiah  Fairfax,  R.  8. 
to  V.  G.  The  growth  of  the  lodge  has  been  gradual 
from  its  inception  until  it  now  numbers  thirty  mem- 


eph  M,  Stafford. 


636 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


bers.  The  regular  meetings  of  the  lodge  are  held  on 
Tuesday  evening  of  each  week,  in  a  building  owned 
and  occupied  by  the  lodge  on  Fairview  Street.  In 
the  community  in  which  it  is  located  this  lodge  is 
acknowledged  to  be  a  factor  in  shaping  the  morals  of 
its  members  and  leading  the  van  in  the  field  of  use- 
fulness. The  present  officers  are  William  H.  Cain, 
P.  N.  F. ;  Joseph  Maze,  N.  F. ;  John  Howard,  P.  N.  G. ; 
Jeremiah  Miles,  N.  G. ;  William  H.  Rainbow,  V.  G. ; 
George  Anderson,  E.  S. ;  Joseph  Fairfax,  G. ;  Daniel 
McCurdy,  W. ;  S.  W.  Benson,  R.  S.  to  N.  G. ;  William 
H.  Geary,  L.  S.  to  N.  G. ;  William  Mallon,  R.  S.  to 
V.  G. ;  Charles  W.  Jason,  Sr.,  L.  S.  to  V.  G. ;  John 
W.  Mallon,  Chaplain;  C.  W.  Jason,  Jr.,  Treas. ;  Jo-  ! 
seph  M.  Stafford,  P.  S. 

Connected  with  this  lodge  is  the  Household  of 
Euth,  No.  123,  to  whose  membership  are  admitted 
all  members  of  the  G.  U.  O.  of  O.  F.  in  America, 
their  wives,  mothers,  widows,  and  daughters,  and  the 
unmarried  daughters  and  sisters  of  all  Odd-Fellows, 
who  have  or  do  aid  the  brotherhood.  The  regular  ■ 
meetings  of  the  Household  are  held  on  the  first 
Monday  in  each  month  in  Odd-Folhiws'  Hall,  F:.ir- 
view  Street.     Present  njembersliip,  forty  three. 

Lieut.  William  Child  Post,  No.  226,  G.  A.  R., 
located  at  Marietta,  Pa.,  was  organized  on  31st  of 
August,  1881,  with  twenty-two  charter  members.  The 
first  officers  were:  P.  C,  George  H.  Ettla ;  S.  V.  C, 
Amos  Grove;  J.  V.  C,  Thomas  Marlin  ;  Adjt.,  J.  H. 
Druckemiller;  Q.-M.,  Horace  L.  Haldeman  ;  O.  of 
D.,  J.  R.  Miller;  Chaplain,  S.  E.  Wisner;  0.  of  G., 
John  Kugle;  Sergt.-Maj.,  Lewis  Leader;  Surg.,  Wil- 
liam Smedley  ;  Q.  M.-Sergt.,  F.  J.  Mack.  The  present 
officers  are:  P.  C,  Amos  Grove;  S.  V.  C,  Thomas 
Marlin;  J.  V.  C,  Absalom  Light;  AdJt.,  J.  H. 
Druckemiller;  Q.M.,  Adam  Wisnian  ;  O.  of  1)., 
John  W.  Riff;  Chap.,  S.  E.  Wisn'r;  Surg.,  William 
Smedley;  O.  of  G.,  George  W.  Brooks;  Sergt.-Maj., 
Lewis  Leader;  Q.M.-Sergt.,  W.  S.  Geiter.  The  post 
numbers  at  present  seventy-five  good-standing  mem- 
bers. They  meet  the  first  and  third  Friday  evenings 
of  each  month  in  Miller's  Hall,  Market  Street. 

The  English  Presbyterian  Church  was  com- 
menced A.D.  1821,  and  completed  October,  1822. 
The  building  here  reft-rred  to  was  located  on  Gay 
Street,  between  Walnut  and  Fairview  Streets,  nearly 
op|)osite  the  cemetery. 

A  meeting  was  held  at  the  church  by  the  appoint- 
ment of  the  New  Castle  Presbytery,  present,  Rev. 
Stephen  Boyer  and  Rev.  James  Latta,  committee  of 
said  Presbytery  for  the  ordination  of  elders,  when 
the  Rev.  Stephen  Boyer  was  called  to  the  chair  and 
David  C.  Whitehill  ajjpointed  secretary,  and  the  fol- 
lowing persons  were  nominated  and  elected  elders: 
John  Wilson,  Thomas  Dickey,  Jr.,  William  H.  Diif- 
field,  James  Sterritt,  and  James  Agnew,  who  were  by 
the  said  committee  regularly  ordained  and  set  apart 
as  elders  over  the  •English  Presbyterian  Church  in 
Marietta. 


The  names  of  the  first  pew-holders  were  Jami 
McClelland,  James  Agnew,  Frederick  Haines,  Abi 
ham  Varley,  William  McColoch,  Barnard  Brovro^; 
John  Wilson,  Andrew  Boner,  David  Ferree,  J 
Wilson,  Joshua  King,  Samuel  Hopkins,  J 
Thompson,  George  Alstadt,  John  Heckrotte,  Samuel 
McKinney,  John  Spangler,  A.  L.  Evans,  Samud 
Bailie,  H.  Heckrotte,  Alexander  Boggs,  Esq.,  JgmH 
Mehaffy,  Andrew  Noble,  Elijah  Russel,  William  A. 
Duffield,  Francis  Boggs,  D.  C.  Whitehill,  Mrs.  Aoi, 
Curran,  William  Maxwell,  Benjamin  Garman,  Jamji 
Sterrett,  John  Slienk,  James  Noble,  Mrs.  Jane  Portar, 
Peter  Baker,  Thomas  Dickey,  Jacob  Stahl,  S.  Jacobs 
Hannah  Hays,  Henry  Cassel.  James  Steele,  John 
Campbell,  John  Gault,  Mrs.  Parks,  Robert  Jones.    .- 

In  pursuance  of  public  notice,  given  from  the  pul- 
pit by  the  Rev.  Philip  Boyer,  on  27th  of  October, 
1822,  a  meeting  was  held,  when  James  Mehaffy  wu 
appointed  chairman,  Thomas  Dickey  secretary,  when 
it  was  unanimously  resolved  by  the  pew-holdere  pre»» 
ent  that  James  Jlehaffy,  Elijah  Russel,  and  William 
H.  Duffield  be  a  committee  to  make  application  to 
the  New  Castle  Presbytery,  now  sitting  in  Lancaster, 
to  be  received  under  their  care.  The  said  comtnitte* 
reported  on  the  28tli  that  they  had  attended  to  tbt 
duty  of  their  ai)pointment,  and  the  church  was  re- 
ceived as  a  member  of  the  Presbytery  of  New  Castle 
on  the  same  footing  as  the  other  churches.  ■; 

A  special  meeting  of  the  session  of  the  Englisli 
Presbyterian  Church  in  Marietta  was  held,  according 
rom  the  pulpit,  Saturday,  April  8, 
imas  Dickey  was  appointed  clerk 


to  previous  not 
1824,  at  which 
of  the  session. 
In  pursuanc 
congregation  w 


of  previous  notice,  a  meeting  of  the 
held  on  the  same  day  in  the  church 
at  eleven  o'clock,  for  the  purpose  of  electing  a  pastor, 
when  a  motion  was  made  by  James  Wilson  that  one 
of  the  session  be  appointed  moderator.  Agreed  to 
after  some  delayj_  But  few  persons  being  present,  H 
was  agreed  to  adjourn  to  meet  at  six  o'clock  in  the 
evening.  Met  agreeably  to  adjournment,  when  it  wai 
unanimously  resolved  that  Orson  Donghlass  be  and 
he  is  hereby  declared  the  choice  of  this  congregation 
as  their  pastor,  and  that  a  regular  call  be  made  out  to 
be  presented  to  the  Presbytery  of  New  Castle  for 
three-fourths  of  his  time, — on  three  Sabbath  after- 
noons  out  of  four, — and  that  James  Mehaffy,  Elijah 
Russel,  James  Sterrett,  James  Wilson,  John  Spangler, 
James  Agnew,  and  Peter  Baker  be  a  committee  to 
sign  the  call,  and  James  Wilson  be  commissioned 
present  it  to  Presbytery. 

Agreeably  to  previcms  notice,  the  congregation  met 
on  May  5,  1824,  and  adopted  a  charter  for  the  gov- 
ernment of  the  church,  in  which  James  MehiitTy, 
Elijah  Russel,  and  James  Wilson  were  made  tiiu  trus- 
tees, to  act  one,  two,  and  three  years,  one  trustee  to  be 
elected  annually  afterwards.  This  charter  was  pre- 
sented to  the  Supreme  Court  May  17th,  and  approved 
Oct.  13,  1824. 


BOROUGH    OF    MARIETTA. 


637 


Tlie  call  for  the  services  of  Orson  Doughlass  was 
laid  before  the  Presbytery  of  New  Castle,  and  being 
found  in  order,  a  committee  was  appointed  to  install 
him  on  the  first  Friday  in  June,  services  to  commence 
at  eleven  o'clock  in  the  morning,  Samuel  Martin  to 
preach  the  sermon,  Rev.  James  Latta  to  give  the 
charge  to  the  pastor  and  congregation.  The  said 
committee  attended  to  the  duties  of  their  appointment 
at  the  time  above  specihed  by  installing  Rev.  Orson 
Doughlass  as  pastor. 

The  Rev.  Orson  Doughlass  supplied  the  pulpits  of 
the  Donegal  and  Marietta  Churches  principally  from 
the  dedication  of  the  Marietta  Church,  in  1822,  till 
the  time  of  his  installation,  in  1824,  when  he  became 
piistor  of  both  churches.  The  following  persons, 
Dienibers  of  the  Donegal  Church,  were  dismissed 
from  said  church  to  become  members  of  the  church 
in  Marietta,  as  follows:  Catherine  Dickey,  Rebecca 
Dickey,  Alexander  Rogers,  Hannah  Rogers,  Peter 
Baker,  Mary  Baker,  Margaret  Jones,  Mary  Jones, 
Catherine  Longnecker,  Elizabeth  Jack,  JIary  Balie, 
David  Ferree,  Sophia  Moulton,  Nancy  Smith,  Ann 
Davis,  Margaret  McColoch,  James  Steele,  C.  Fitzsim- 
mons,  Jacob  Stahl,  Nancy  Stahl,  Mary  Fishbach, 
Charlotte  Russel,  Esther  JIcKinney,  Eliza  Hertzler, 
Eleanor  Sterrett,  Samuel  McClelland,  Elizabeth  Mc- 
Clelland, Martha  McClure,  James  Wilson,  Rhoda 
Burtman,  Blargaret  Johnston,  Hannah  McClelland. 
The  foregoing  persons  made  application  to  the  session, 
and  were  adnjitted  to  membership  Aug.  24,  1824. 

James  Steele  and  James  Wilson  were  elected  and 
installed  elders  December,  1826.  Several  elders  re- 
moved from  the  neighborhood.  Jacob  Stahl  and 
Henry  Speice  were  elected  elders  Feb.  26,  1836,  and 
ordained  by  Rev.  Orson  Doughlass. 

The  Rev.  Orson  Doughlass  resigned  as  pastor  of  the 
church  May  12,  1836. 

In  pursuance  of  previous'  public  notice  from  the 
pulpit,  a  meeting  of  the  congregation  was  held  in  the 
church  on  the  third  Monday  of  April,  1S37,  at  which 
an  election  for  pastor  was  held,  which  resulted  in  the 
unanimous  election  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Marshall 
Boggs  to  preach  every  other  Sabbath  afternoon,  he 
also  being  pastor  of  Donegal  Church.  He  continued 
pastor  of  both  churches  to  the  time  of  his  death  in 
Mount  Joy,  in  October,  1850.  1 

The  Rev.  AVilliam  A.  Rankin  was  elected  and 
regularly  ordained  pastor  of  the  English  Presbyterian 
Church  in  JIarietta  for  his  whole  time.  It  was  dur- 
ing his  pastorate  the  present  church  was  built  in 
Market  Street ;  the  old  church  on  Gay  Street  was  re- 
moved, and  materials  used  in  part  in  the  construction 
of  the  new  church.  The  building  committee  of  the 
present  cluirch,  James  Whitehill,  Jacob  Stahl,  A. 
S.  Cassel,  and  Charles  Kelly;  John  H.  Goodman, 
architect.  The  church  was  completed  and  dedicated 
January,  1854. 

Tlie  Rev.  William  A.  Rankin  resigned  as  pastor 
May,  1854. 


The  church  supplied  itself  with  preachers  from  the 
time  of  the  resignation  of  the  Rev.  Rankin  till  the 
time  Rev.  P.  J.  Tinilow  became  stated  supply  on  Nov. 
2t>,  1855,  in  which  position  he  continued  till  April  4, 
18G0,  when  a  call  was  made  and  accepted.  He  was 
regularly  installed  jjastor  of  the  Presbyterian  Church 
in  Marietta  May  1,  1860,  and  continued  pastor  till 
his  resignation  April  18,  1865. 

The  Rev.  William  A.  Fleming  was  called  as  pastor 
Nov.  7,  1865.  Samuel  Lindsay  and  A.  N.  Cassel  were 
elected  and  ordained  elders  March  17,  1867,  by  him. 
He  resigned  as  pastor  December,  1867.  James  Ab. 
Anderson  and  T.  Heastand  were  elected  deacons  dur- 
ing his  pastorate. 

Rev.  William  J.  Bridells  was  installed  pastor  of  the 
English  Presbyterian  Church  in  Marietta  Oct.  21, 
1868.  Rev.  George  Gamble  preached  the  sermon  ; 
Rev.  P.  J.  Timlow  gave  the  charge  to  the  pastor. 
Rev.  John  Elliott  the  charge  to  the  people,  William 
McAffee  and  Benjamin  Olimit  were  elected  deacons, 
and  ordained  Nov.  30,  1870,  by  him.  He  resigned  as 
pastor  January,  1878. 

The  church  supplied  itself  by  consent  of  Presbytery 
from  the  time  of  the  resignation  of  Rev.  Bridells 
till  Rev.  John  McElmoyle  became  stated  supply,  No- 
vember, 1878,  and  received  a  regular  call,  and  was 
ordained  and  installed  pastor  of  the  English  Presbyte- 
rian Church  in  Marietta,  Pa.,  April  20, 1879.  During 
his  pastorate  S.  P.  Sterrett,  Theodore  Heistand,  and 
Lewis  Z.  Lindemuth  were  elected  elders,  and  ordained 
July  6,  1879.  Theodore  lleistand's  resignation  was 
acccepted  November,  1881.  Abraham  Summy,  J.  S. 
Geist,  and  Daniel  Ilgenfritz  were  also  ordained  dea- 
cons at  the  same  time. 

The  Rev.  John  McElmoyle  resigned  this  charge 
March  1,  1883. 

Number  of  members  reported  to  Westminster  Pres- 
bytery in  regular  standing  at  the  last  meeting,  170. 
This  church  and-the  IMount  Joy  Church  were  origin- 
ally taken  from  the  Donegal  Church. 

The  Sunday-school  connected  with  the  Presbyterian 
Church  in  Marietta  was  one  of  the  first  Sunday- 
schools  established  in  the  State,  and  formed  as  a 
Union  school,  all  denominaticnis  taking  part,  in  1819, 
and  was  called  the  Marietta  Sunday-School  Associa- 
tion. 

The  following  persons  were  presidents:  Rev.  Wil- 
liam Kerr,  1819-21;  Mr.  James  Mehaffey,  1821-23; 
Rev.  Orson  Doughla.ss,  1823-35;  Rev.  T.  M.  Boggs, 
1835-50;  James  Wiison,'^amuel  Ludwig,  and  others, 
from  1850-68;  William  I.' Bridells,  1868-78;  and  was 
succeeded  by  Rev.  JIcElmoyle,  1878-79;  Mr.  I.  S. 
Geist,  1879  to  the  present  time  (1883). 

This  school  was  first  organized  in  what  was  known 
as  the  Bell  school-Jiouse,  but  afterwards  removed  to 
the  small  building  east  of  Mrs.  Eagler,  where  it  re- 
mained (,ill  the  Presbyterian  Church  was  built  on 
Gay  Street,  when  it  was  taken  there.  The  teachers  and 
managers  were  then  nearly  all  Presbyterians.     It  be- 


638 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


came  a  Presbyterian  Sunday-school  in  1823.  The 
following  have  been  elected  superintendents  of  the 
school:  James  Parks,  1819-23;  .John  Wilson,  1823- 
28;  James  Wilson,  1829;  Thomas  Dickey,  Jr.,  1829- 
30;  Lewis  Kellog,  1830-33;  James  Steele,  1833-34; 
Jame.s  Wilson,  1834-64;  Samuel  Lindsay,  18G4-77; 
Theodore  Hiestand,  1877-80  ;  superintendent  at  pres- 
ent, H.  B.  Cassel,  1880-83. 

The  school  was  removed  from  the  Presbyterian 
Church  several  years  before  the  removal  of  the  church 
to  the  house  now  on  the  northeast  corner  of  Gay  and 
Walnut  Streets,  and  in  1854  removed  to  the  room  it 
now  occupies  in  the  Presbyterian  Church,  and  that 
it  did  not  number  over  twenty  since  its  formation. 
The  Methodist  Episcopal,  Reformed  Lutheran,  Cath- 
olic, United  Brethren,  and  African  have  established 
Sunday-schools,  towards  which  this  school  contributed 
a  large  number  of  scholars. 

The  present  officers  of  the  church  are :  Elders, 
Jacob  Stahl,  A.  N.  Cassel,  S.  P.  Sterrett,  Louis  C. 
Lindemuth  ;  Trustees,  S.  P.  Sterrett,  C.  A.  Shaftner, 
B.  F.  Hiestand;  Deacons,  William  McAfee,  Tlieo- 
dore  Hiestand,  J.  S.  Griest,  Daniel  Ilgenfritz. 

Methodist  Episcopal  Church.— Just  when  the 
pioneer  of  Methodism  wended  his  way  to  what  is 
now  the  peaceful  and  quiet  borough  of  Marietta  is 
not  definitely  known.  Neither  is  it  positively  known 
to  the  writer  or  any  of  his  informers  who  he'  was  or 
how  became,  whether  on  foot,  on  horseback,  or  in  a 
canoe.  The  probabilities  are,  however,  that  he  camq 
down  along  the  left  bank  of  the  noble  old  Susque- 
hanna, spying  out  the  land  as  he  came,  and  wherever 
a  pioneer  settlement  was  discovered,  there  the  old- 
fashioned  pioneer  itinerant  would  unfurl  the  banner 
of  his  Master,  and  in  the  good  old  Wesleyau  way, 
without  fee  or  the  expectation  of  reward,  urge  sin- 
ners to  flee  the  wrath  to  come.  The  old  pioneer 
preacher  was  truly  a  character;  dressed  in  homespun, 
broad-brim  hat,  white  necktie,  if  any  at  all,  long, 
flowing  locks  of  hair,  silvered  o'er  with  the  frosts  of 
many  winters,  falling  gracefully  over  his  shoulders, 
he  thus  appeared  the  very  embodiment  of  goodness. 
He  always  rode  his  best  horse,  for  he  never  had  but 
one  at  a  time,  and  that  would  last  him  many  years. 
His  outfit  for  a  four  or  eight  weeks'  journey  around 
the  circuit  was  an  old-fashioned  leather  portipanteau 
fastened  on  behind  the  saddle,  in  which  was,  first,  a 
small  Bible  and  a  Methodist  hymn-book,  next  a 
change  of  linen  (coarse  shirt),  a  small  supply  of 
coarse  bread  and  meat,  to  be  eaten  in  case  of  neces- 
sity, and  that  necessity  came  many  a  time  with  the 
old  pioneer  itinerant  on  a  six  or  eight  ^hundred  mile 
circuit.  To  one  of  these  self-sacrificing  saints  of  God, 
who  took  their  lives  in  their  hand  and  traversed  the 
then  wilds  of  Pennsylvania,  scaling  mountains,  wan- 
dering through  valleys,  fording  rivers,  and  braving 
the  elements,  is  due  the  planting  of  Metl^odisin  as 
early  as  1800  at  what  is  now  the  town  of  Marietta, 
But  few   inhabitants  were  here  at  that  time,  but  it 


mattered  not  to  the  old  veteran  of  the  cross,  who  was 
simply  obeying  the  divine  command,  "  Go  ye  into 
all  the  world  and  preach  my  gospel."  He  could 
preaeh  to  the  poor  and  lowly  in  the  most  unpreten- 
tious hut  as  well  or  better  than  to  the  king  in  his 
palace.  "Like  all  other  places,  a  "  class"  was  to  be 
formed  at  Waterford  or  New  H.aven  as  a  nucleus 
around  which  might  grow  up  a  prosperous  society, 
and  it  is  believed  that  such  a  class  was  formed  here 
as  early  as  1815  or  1820,  and  possibly  earlier.  The 
first  class-leader  is  supposed  to  have  been  Benjamin 
Garman,  as  he  was  known  to  be  a  leader  as  early  as 
1823  or  1825.  Preaching  services  were  held  at  pri- 
vate houses  when  convenient,  and  occasionally  under 
.the  spreading  branches  of  some  large  tree,  and  from 
1825  to  1830  the  Methodists  occupied  that  little  long, 
low  brick  building  on  what  is  now  Market  Street, 
and  now  owned  by  Barr  Spangler.  In  1830  the  so- 
ciety built  a  frame  meeting-house  on  what  was  known 
for  many  years  as  Back  Street,  now  Walnut  Street, 
on  the  site  now  occupied  by  the  Evangelical  Lutheran 
Church.  Previous  to  1830,  probably  as  early  as  1825, 
and  no  doubt  with  the  view  of  owning  church  prop- 
erty, the  following  trustees  were  elected  for  this 
region   of    country:    Benjamin    Garman,   Marietta; 

Henry  Haldeman,   Locust  Grove  ;  and  Lloyd, 

Esq.,  of  Columbia. 

The  Methodists  continued  to  occupy  their  house  of 
worship  on  Walnut  Street  until  the  building  of  their 
new  brick  meeting-house  in  1850.  From  1830  to 
18t)5,  or  a  little  later,  the  Methodists  had  within  their 
congregation  or  adherents  of  that  faith  the  wealth 
and  aristocracy  of  the  town,  and  at  present  stands 
more  than  equal  with  their  sister-churches.  The 
original  cost  of  the  present  church  edifice,  located  ou 
Second  Street,  was  about  five  thousand  dollars,  and 
in  1874  was  remodeled  and  somewhat  beautified  at  an 
expense  of  about  three  thousand  dollars.  In  1865 
the  society  was^  incorporated  with  the  following- 
named  trustees:  Benjamin  Garman,  Jacob  A.  Wis- 
ner,  Robert  Carroll,  George  W.  Clawgus,  Alexander 
Smith,  and  George  W.  Worrell. 

Among  the  early  members  of  the  society,  or  those 
belonging  previous  to  1840,  we  find  the  names  of  not 
only  those  mentioned  previous  to  that  date,  but  a  Mr. 
Wormly,  who  was  a  trustee,  Catharine  Jamison, 
Catharine  McMichael,  Mrs.  Kelly,  Margaret  G. 
Childs,  Robert  Carroll,  Mary  Carroll,  Hannah  Shill, 
Mrs.  Grosh,  John  B.  Carter,  a  class-leader  in  1839, 
Rebecca  Carroll,  Helen  Cramer,  Anna  Shill,  Maria 
Martin,  Sarah  Trump,  and  Catharine  Souders.  No 
doubt  there  were  many  more,  but  we  have  no  means 
of  obtaining  their  names.  From  1840  to  1860  the 
following-named  persons  were  and  are  still  some  of 
the  membership:  Robert  Turner,  (icorgo  Roodesill, 
Jacob  Wisner,  Abram  Musscr,  Mrs.  Kramer,  Mrs. 
Longenecker,  James  McClure  and  wife,  Rachel  Bow- 
man, C.  Stibian  and  wife,  Jlrs.  Rathvon. 

Among  the  jiustors  who'  have  served  this  people 


BOROUGH   OF    MARIETTA. 


gnd  congregation  previous  to  1865  we  find  the  follow- 
ing, who  are  remembered  by  the  older  members : 
Revs.  Sutton,  Sumption,  Edwards,  Reed,  Greenbank, 
Berridge,  Kurtze,  Librand,  Petit,  Pancoast,  Gilling- 
hnm.  From  18G3  we  have  the  following  complete 
list  of  pastors  :  1863-65,  Joseph  Gregg;  1865-66,  Wil- 
liam JEatthias;  1866-68,  John  Stringer;  1868-71,  J. 
R.  Taylor  Gray;  1871-73,  S.  A.  Heilman  ;  1873-75, 
C.  H.  McDermond  ;  1875-77,  J.  Lindermuth  ;  1877- 
79,  J.  M.Wheeler;  1879-81,  J.  Wesley  Ueiger;  1881- 
84,  J.  C.  Wood. 

Officiary,  1883:  Stewards,  James  McClure,  Sr., 
James  JlcClure,  Jr.,  Harry  Graybill,  M.  M.  Caracher, 
auii  Aaron  Sauerbier. 

,  Class-leaders,  Robert  Turner,  George  W.  Worrell, 
and  M.  M.  Caracher. 

Trustees,  Michael  Gabel,  Frank  Lawrence,  Adam 
Wiseman,  Aaron  Sauerbier,  Amos  IJowman,  and 
Harry  Graybill. 

Zion's  Church.— The  following  is  a  copy  of  the 
original   subscription-paper  for  raising  money  with 
wliich  to  build  this  church  : 
"  To  the  people  of  all  religious  denominations  : 

"The  building  of  meeting-houses  for  religious  wor- 
ship is  not  only  laudable,  but  a  duty  which  men  owe 
their  Creator,  for  the  use  of  themselves  and  their  pos- 
terity. It  is  therefore  presumed  that  no  arguments  in 
favor  of  the  building  of  a  meeting-house  are  neces- 
sary;  but  means  to  defray  the  expense  of  such  a 
building  are  absolutely  wanted.  The  number  of  in- 
dividuals of  each  denomination  being  small,  it  would 
be  very  burdensome  for  each  sect  to  build  a  meeting- 
house of  their  own;  but  all  Christians  joining  in 
building  one  for  the  common  use  and  benefit  of  all, 
the  burden  will  dwindle  into  almost  nothing.  It  is 
therefore  proposed  to  build  a  meeting-house  iu  the 
borough  of  Marietta,  for  the  common  use  and  benefit 
of  all  denominations  of  Protestant  Christians,  to  be 
regulated,  in  all  respects,  in  such  a  manner  as  a  ma- 
jority of  subscribers  present  at  a  meeting  to  be  called 
for  the  purpose  by  the  five  first  subscribers  may  di- 
rect; at  which  meeting  there  shall  be  appointed  per- 
sons to  fix  on  the  spot  whereon  the  building  shall  be 
erected,  the  size  and  dimensions  thereof,  as  also  per- 
sons to  collect  the  money  so  subscribed,  and  to  provide 
the  material  and  superintend  the  building,  etc.  ^ 

"For  the  purpose  above  mentioned,  and  for  no 
other,  we,  the  subscribers  hereunto,  do  promise  to 
pay,  on  demand,  to  such  person  or  persons  as  above 
mentioned,  or  their  order,  the  several  sums  of  money 
by  each  of  us  respectively  subscribed  and  annexed  to 
each  of  our  names. 
"  Witness  our  hands  July,  1817." 
The  f'rllowing  is  a  list  of  the  original  contributors  : 
Jacob  Orosh,  Esq.,  John  Roberts,  Abm.  Tublin,  Jacob 
Rohrcr,  Esq.,  Samuel  Hopkins,  Peter  Longenaker, 
John  Bates,  Henry  Cassell,  David  Reinhart,  William 
Child,  Esq.,  Henry  Conn,  Sr.,  David  Cassell,  Sr., 
George  Dyer,  George   Hainbright,  Thomas   Wentz, 


F.  A.  Muhlenberg,  John  Rupley,  John  Christ,  Jacob  •■ 
Etter,  Benjamin  Steman,  Benjamin  Lefever,  Samuel 
D.  Miller,  John  C.  Lefever,  Frederick  Moyer,  Fred- 
erick li'ronk,  John  H.  Goodman,  Edward  Croft,  C. 
Hershey,  John  Srimp,  John  Dimmerman,  Henry 
Sultzbauch:  James  Buchanan,  Esq.,  William  Hinkle, 
Michael  Hoover,  Samuel  Dale,  Esq.,  B.  Grundaker, 
Abm.  Breneman,  George  B.  Porter,  Esq.,  Henry  Shan, 
Esq.,  Henry  Haines,  Sr.,  Henry  Bear,  Tobias  Miller, 
John  Longenaker  (River),  John  Longenaker,  Chris- 
tian Miller,  N.  Keller,  Daniel  Grosh,  John  B.  Halde- 
nian,  John  Panles,  Christian  Heitzler,  Christian  Leib, 
John  Greis,  Barnabas  Yates,  David  Martin,  William 
Pierce,  John  Shank,  Brice  Curran,  Valentine  Von- 
dersmith.  Christian  Metz,  Jr.,  E.  Allen,  William  Ham- 
ilton, Christian  Metz,  John  Swar,  Jacob  Shinnig, 
Joseph  Hamacher,  George  Fisher,  Martin  Grider, 
James  McClellan,  Sr.,  Valentine  Grider,  John  Gri- 
der, Daniel  Grider,  Isaac  Rohrer,  Peter  Baker,  Henry 
Haldeman,  John  Zook,  James  Duffy,  Christian  Kee- 
sey,  Jacob  Sharer  (Lancaster),  William  Cooper,  Wil- 
I  liam  McClure,  William  Ridenbauch,  John  Welsh, 
Adam  Reinhart,  Jacob  Strickler,  a  widow,  Jacob 
Graybill,  Joseph  Heisey,  John  Monk,  John  Huss, 
Andrew  Boggs,  Christian  Roth,  Elijah  Russell,  John 
M.  Patrick,  Stephen  St.  John,  John  Myers,  Patrick 
Downey,  William  Adams,  Zachariah  Moore,  James 
Mehaffy,  Charles  Nagle,  Abraham  Tublin,  Henry 
Leibhart,  William  Goodyear,  John  Shirts,  Lewis 
Leader,  John  Spangler,  Benjamin  Steman,  Jacob 
Etter,  Benjamin  Gamin,  Henry  B.  Shaffner,  John 
Folt,  John  Shisler,  John  Christy,  John  Shaffer,  Chris- 
tian IMiller,  Dr.  Muhlenberg,  John  Shuck,  Daniel 
Schnavely,  Peter  Hummerickhouse,  Christian  Halde- 
man, J.  Enyan,  L.  H.  Stevens,  Sebastian  Kohl,  J. 
Houty,  John  Gait,  C.  Suavely,  H.  Hubley,  F.  Hains, 
J.  Libhart,  F.  Evans,  Samuel  Oberly,  Groff  &  Fisher, 
C.  King,  John  Sultybauch,  Henry  Sultybauch,  D. 
Snavely,  J.  Heckrote,  Dr.  King,  Jr.,  I).  Lankard,  A. 
Cassell,  James  Steele,  John  Stoner,  J.  Welshofer,  J. 
Sheets,  M.  Whitson,  H.  B.  Shafner,  John  Loucks,  H. 
Hogman,  Dr.  Graham,  S.  Jacobs,  Samuel  Hairer, 
Andrew  Noble,  John  Jloore,  Joseph  Landis,  M.  Dan- 
ner,  IM.  Gardner,  M.  Welsh,  Z.  Spangler,  George 
Small,  J.  S.  Worley,  A.  Rutter,  C.  A.  Barnitz,  Wil- 
liam Barber,  John  Gardner,  William  Mcllvain, 
Thomas  Kelly,  John  Koons,  D.  Car^satt,  Morris 
Small,  A.  Heastand. 

The  subscriptions  reached  an  aggregate  of  fourteen 
hundred  and  seventy-seven  dollars  and  forty  cents, 
and  at  a  meeting  of  the  subscribers,  held  in  Septem- 
ber of  the  same  year,  resolutions  were  adopted  pre- 
scribing rules  for  their  government,  among  which  it 
was  set  forth  that  no  sect  or  denomiinition  should  be 
excluded,  "but  each  shall  have  an  eipial  right  to  said 
church  agreeable  to  the  subscription  papers." 

The  borough  authorities  gave  permission  for  the 

erection  ot  the  church  on   "the  west  corner  of  the 

I  burying-ground,"  "  lor  the  use  of  all  Protestant  Chris- 


640 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


tian  denominations,  none  to  be  exclmled."  Tlie  cor- 
ner-stone was  laid  on  the  23d  of  August,  1818,  and  the 
memorandum  deposited  in  it  repeated  the  condition 
that  tlie  cluircli  to  be  erected  there  was  "  for  tlie  use 
of  all  Protestant  Christians  residing  in  Marietta  or 
its  neighborhood,  and  joining  this  congregation  as 
pew-hoiders  or  otherwise." 

The  church  was  consecrated  June  15,  1823.  It 
appears  from  the  record  that  no  trustees  were  elected 
during  twenty  years,  but  on  the  4th  of  December, 
1843,  Samuel  Eberly,  Samuel  Hopkins,  Henry  Sultz- 
bauch,  John  Kline,  Samuel  P.  Miller,  Philip  Ropp, 
John  Paules,  and  James  B.  Shaffner  were  chosen,  and 
trustees  were  regularly  elected  afterwards.  In  1854 
the  German  Reformed  and  Lutheran  congregations 
were  allowed  by  the  trustees  to  place  an  organ  in  the 
churcli.  The  burial-ground  in  which  the  church  stood 
became  so  full  that  it  was  found  necessary  in  1857  to 
restrict  the  privilege  of  making  interments  there.  An 
addition  to  it  was  made  by  the  borough,  but  burials 
there  have  long  since  ceased. 

The  German  Reformed  and  Lutheran  congregations 
used  this  house  as  a  place  of  worship  during  many 
years.  About  four  years  since  the  Lutherans  ceased 
to  worship  here.  The  Reformed  Society  became  prac- 
tically extinct  many  years  since,  but  five  years  ago  it 
was  revived,  and  it  has  since  occupied  this  house.- 

Every  religious  society  or  church  in  the  borough, 
except  the  Catholic  Church,  lias  occupied  this  house 
in  the  early  period  of  its  existence.  The  house  has 
not  been  greatly  changed  since  its  erection.  A  gal- 
lery has  been  added,  a  bell-tower  has  been  built,  and 
some  changes  have  been  made  in  its  internal  arrange- 
ments. It  is  a  brick  structure,  and  its  seating  capacity 
is  four  hundred. 

St.  John's  Protestant  Episcopal  Church,  of  Ma- 
rietta,' located  on  the  corner  of  Second  and  Chest- 
nut Streets  (south  of  Second),  was  incorporated  in 
1865  (has  a  seal).  The  building  is  a  brick  structure, 
is  sixty-seven  feet  in  length,  and  thirty-two  feet  in 
width,  with  steeple  and  bell,  and  large  basement. 
The  building  was  commenced  and  corner-stone  laid  in 
186C,  and  finished  in  1867.  The  finishing  of  the  church 
inside — the  pulpit,  altar,  arches  of  chancel  doors, 
pews,  wainscoting,  and  church  furniture — are  walnut. 
The  windows  are  of  stained  or  colored  glass  of  differ- 
ent colors  (figures  or  representations  and  mottiies  on 
large  chancel  windows),  with  arched  ceiling.  Robing 
room  and  pulpit  on  east  side  of  chancel,  and  organ 
and  choir  on  west  side,  making  a  very  comfortable 
and  pleasant  house  for  worship.  The  Sunday-school 
and  recitinj»  rooms  are  in  the  basement  of  the  church 
building.  First  rector  called  was  the  Rev.  R.  C.  Rus- 
nell.  First  vestry  of  the  new  church  was  S.  F.  Eagle, 
Dr.  Edwin  Haldcman,  C.  J.  Nourse,  E.  D.  Roath, 
Henry  Wolf,  William  Kendig,  Jacob  Roth,  and  Jacob 
C.  Burkhart. 


Jacob  C.  Burkhart  was  elected  secretary  of  veatrj, 
The  following  were  appointed  the  building  conimiU 
tee,  viz.:  Rev.  R.  C.  Russell,  Stejjhen  F.  Eagle,  Dn 
E.  Haldeman,  and  E.  D.  Roath,  treasurer;  coat  of 
building  proper  and  ground,  nine  thousand  ninehuD" 
dred  dollars.  The  church  was  dedicated  Nov.  14, 
1872,  by  the  Right  Rev.  Mark  Antony  De  Wolfe 
Howe,  bishop.  The  corner-stone  was  laid  by  tbt 
Right  Rev. Vale,  Bishop  of  the  Diocese  of  Ne- 
braska, Wyoming,  and  other  Territories,  conipoalnf 
one  diocese. 

The  church  is  in  good  condition  and  free  from  debt, 
and  owns  a  fine  brick  rectory  not  far  from  the  churek 
on  Second  Street.  Within  the  last  few  years,  under 
the  charge  of  the  last  rector,  Rev.  Alonzo  Potter  Dil-; 
ler,  many  have  been  added  to  the  membership.  Pewl: 
free.  The  Sunday-school  is  in  a  flourishing  condi- 
tion, numbering  one  hundred  and  thirty-five  pupili, 
thirteen  teachers,  and  three  officers;  Albert  D.  \Vik(^ 
superintendent.  Over  two  thousand  volumes  hare 
been  purchased  since  the  organiziition.  A  number  of 
volumes  have  become  soiled  and  worn  out,  and  hare' 
been  replaced  by  publications  of  later  date. 

Names  of  rectors  that  have  been  called  ami  offi- 
ciated as  rectors  are,  viz.  :  Revs.  Robert  C.  Russell,' 
Charles  H.  Meade.  William  T.  Davidson,  James  0. 
Drumm,  and  Alnii/o  P.  Diller.  The  present  vestry 
consists  of  the  lullowing,  viz.:  Stephen  F.  Eagle, 
rector's  warden  ;  E.  D.  Roath,  church  warden; 
George  W.  Mehafley,  A.  D.  Wike,  H.  S.  Stauffer, 
Simon  F.  Stibgen,  Dr.  George  Reich,  George  F.  Stib- 
gen.     A.  D.  Wike,  secretary. 

Services  were  frequently  held  in  Zion's  Church 
prior  to  building  and  establishing  St.  John's  pariah 
by  Dr.  Appleton  and  others  for  the  membership  io 
this  locality. 

Zion's  German-English  Evangelical  Lutheran 
Congregation"  of  the  borough  of  Jlarietta  and  vi- 
cinity, in  Lancaster  County,  Pa.,  was  organized  in  the 
year  of  our  Lord"  1855.  As  early,  however,  as  1852 
the  nucleus  of  the  congregation  was  already  formed. 
Previous  to  this  year  the  spiritual  wants  of 
Lutherans  at  Marietta  were  attended  to  by  the  paa- 
tors  of  the  Lutheran  Church  at  Columbia,  Pa.  In 
1852  the  Lutherans  and  German  Reformed  of  Marietta 
organized  a  so-called  union  congregation.  Re 
Doer,  a  Reformed  minister,  preached  for  them  eve7 
two  weeks.  This  arrangement,  however,  was  contia 
ued  only  a  little  over  a  year.  During  the  two  year* 
following  there  was  preaching  occasionally  by  indi 
viduuls,  some  of  whom  proved  themselves  very  worth- 
less characters. 

In    the   early  part  of   the  summer  of  1855,  Rev. 
George  JVI.  Merz,  a  Lutheran  minister,  came  to  M 
etta,  and,  making  himself  known,  was  asked  hy  the 
Lutherans   to  remain    with   them   and  become  tlieif 
pastor.     A  congregation   was  organized  and  officers 


Uy 


BOROUGH  OF   MARIETTA. 


641 


elected.  No  official  written  documents  relating  to  i 
the  congregation  exist,  as  far  as  we  linow,  of  this  pe-  | 
rioJ  save  tlie  record  of  the  ministerial  acts  of  Rev. 
Merz.  His  first  entry  is  the  baptism  of  a  cliild,  dated  I 
July  1,  1S5.3,  and  the  last,  also  an  infant  baptism,  , 
fiept.  19,  1858. 

His  successor  was  found  in  the  person  of  Rev.  Jo- 
leph  Sclunalzl,  pastor  of  Salem's  German  Lutheran 
Cljiirch  at  Columbia,  Pa.     His  ministration  was  brief 
ibout  one  year.     Soon   after  he  was  elected   pastor  j 
tLe  congregation  adopted  a  constitution,  on  the  7th  ! 
of  Xovember,  1858.     It  is  signed  by  the  pastor  and 
fifty-six  male  members.     The  following  are  the  names  [ 
of  tliiise  who  signed  it,  and  are  still  living  and  mem- 
bers of  the  congregation:  Ferdinand  Zuch,  Christo-  1 
pbtT   Kolb,  Wilhelm    Theisinger,  Johann    Meister, 
George   Raum,    Friedrick    Bink,    Wilhelm    Westeu- 
huefc-r,  Jacob  Menge,  Dionis  Ziegelmeier,  and  Adam  1 
Kuehler,  Sr.     This   constitution   was  superseded   by  ' 
aiioilier  adopted  on  the  15th  of  January,  1860.  j 

lu  tlie  fall  of  1859,  Rev.  J.  A.  Darmstaetter,  who 
had  completed  his  studies  at  the  Lutheran  Seminary  | 
at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  and  was  called  to  the  pastorate  of  I 
Saleiu  German  Lutheran  Church  at  Columbia,  was 
elected  pastor  of  the  congregation.    He  accepted,  and  [ 
aerved  Marietta  in  connection  with  Columbia,  residing' i 
at  the  latter  place  and  preaching  at  the  former  every 
two  weeks.     In  1859  a  Sunday-school  was  organized, 
of  which  Mr.  Michael  Stump  has  been  tlie  efficient 
superintendent  since  18G0.     Mr.  Christian  Kolb  and  j 
Mr.   Ferdinand  Zuch   served  in  this   capacity  also.  [ 
During  the  hmg   and   faithful   service  of  the  Rev. 
Diirmstaetter    the    congregation    grew    and    waxed  j 
Btroiig.     With  great  self-denial  and  sacrifice  he  ear- 
nestly labored  to  make  the  congregation  self-sustain- 
ing, and  have  it  to  call  a  pastor  who  would  reside  in 
Marietta  and  preach  in  the  German  and  English  lan- 
guage.   His  labors  were  crowned  with  success.     After 
Serving  the  congregation  for  almost  nineteen  years,  he 
resigned  on  the  24lh   of  March,  1878,  retaining  the 
Congregation  at  Columbia  and  Chestnut  Hill.      He 
preached  his  farewell  sermon  on  the  2d  of  June,  1878. 

The  congregation,  now  forming  a  separate  charge, 
extended  a  call  to  its  present  pastor,  Rev.  George  Ph. 
Mueller,  a  graduate  of  the  Lutheran  Concordia  Col- 
lege at  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.,  and  of  the  Lutheran  Theo- 
logical Seminary  in  Philadelphia.  He  accepted,  and 
was  installed  on  the  14th  of  July,  1878,  by  his  prede- 
cessor, assisted  by  Rev.  F.  P.  Mayser,  of  Lancaster, 
I'll.  As  one  of  the  conditions  of  his  call  was  to 
preach  in  the  German  and  English  language,  and 
also  to  perform  hia  ministerial  acts  in  either,  as  might 
be  requested,  he  reorganized  the  German  congrega- 
li'in  into  a  German- English,  when  they  adopted  a  new 
(;oiistitution  on  the  19th  of  August,  1878.  The  con- 
gregation, not  being  incorporated,  obtained  a  charter 
on  the  23d  of  January,  1882.- 

Until   the  winter   of  1878   the   congregation    was 
without  a  church  building  of  its  own.     It  worshiped 
41 


in  Zion's  Church,  a  building  erected  by  the  contribti- 
tion  of  the  Protestants  of  this  place,  and  open  to  all 
denominations  who  wish  to  worship  there.  Rent  was 
paid  for  the  use  of  this  building.  In  1874  the  con- 
gregation bought  a  lot  on  the  corner  of  Walnut 
Street  and  Mulberry  Alley.  Two  years  later,  in  1876, 
it  put  in  the  foundation  for  a  church  edifice,  but 
owing  to  adverse  circumstances  did  not  proceed  to  the 
building  thereof.  Thus  things  stood  until  the  26th  of 
August,  1878,  when  a  congregational  meeting  was 
held  and  the  erection  of  a  church  discussed.  It  was 
unanimously  resolved  to  build.  Matters  were  now 
pushed,  and  on  the  15th  of  September  the  corner- 
stone was  laid,  and  three  months  later  the  edifice  was 
finished,  and  dedicated  on  the  15th  of  December, 
1878.  The  structure  is  built  of  brick,  Gothic  style, 
thirty-three  by  sixty  feet,  excluding  buttresses;  walls 
sixteen  feet  high.  In  1883  the  congregation  added  a 
tower,  and  the  Women  Society  presented  the  bell,  in 
memory  of  the  four-hundredth  anniversaryof  the  birth 
of  Dr.  Martin  Luther,  born  Nov.  10,  1483.  The  bell 
weighs  five  hundred  and  eighteen  pounds  without" 
mountings,  which  are  a  present  of  the  Young  Folks' 
Society,  and  was  consecrated  on  the  15th  of  ,fuly,  the 
fifth  anniversary  of  Rev.  Mueller's  installation  as 
pastor.  The  whole  property  of  the  congregation  is 
estimated  at  four  thousand  dollars,  and  is  free  of 
debt.  The  congregation  numbers  one  hundred  and 
thirty-six  confirmed  members,  and  the  Sunday- 
school  one  hundred  and  thirty-nine  pupils  and  nine- 
teen teachers. 

From  July  1,  1855,  to  July  27,  1883,  the  following 
ministerial  acts  were  performed  by  the  pastors  of  the 
congregation,  as  recorded  in  the  church  record:  bap- 
tisms, 666;  confirmations,  201;  communions,  2882; 
marriages,  114;  burials,  242. 

St.  Mary's  Catholic  Church.— Prior  to  the  year 
1870  the  Roman  Catholics  living  in  Marietta  had 
been  obliged  to  go  to  Columbia  in  order  to  hear  mass, 
except  during  the  time  that  Father  Russell  said  mass 
for  them  in  their  town  hall.  For  a  long  time  they 
had  manifested  an  anxiety  to  have  a  church  in  their 
town,  where  they  might  assist  at  divine  service,  and 
with  the  view  of  obtaining  the  erection  of  the  desired 
church,  a  suitable  site  at  the  intersection  of  Second 
and  Perry  Streets,  one  hundred  and  twenty  by  two 
hundred  and  ten  feet,  was  purchased,  the  deed  being 
made  out  in  the  names  of  the  following  trustees: 
Prof  S.  S.  Haldeman,  Jno.  K.  Fidler,  and  William 
H.  Eagle.  A  part  of  the  required  sum  for  the  pur- 
chase was  collected  and  paid  to  Mr.  Henry  Ockard, 
the  owner.  In  1867  the  deed  of  the  lot  was  trans- 
ferred by  the  trustees  to  the  Right  Rev.  James  F. 
Wood,-Bisliop  of  Philadclpliia,  in  trust  for  the  Uoman 
Catholic  congregation  of  Marietta,  Pa.  The  balance 
— five  hundred  dollars — owing  on  the  lot  was  paid  to 
Mr.  Ockard,  Sept.  23,  1869,  by  the  Rev.  James  J. 
Russell,  pastor.  On  Nov.  4,  1869,  the  rite  of  the  lay- 
ing of  the  corner-stone  of  the  church  was  performed 


642 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


by  the  Right  Rev.  J.  F.  Shanahan,  who,  in  the  pre- 
ceding year,  bad  been  consecrated  bishop  of  the  new 
diocese  of  Ilarrisburg.  The  sermon  on  the  occasion 
was  preached  by  the  Right  Rev.  Thomas  A.  Becker, 
of  the  diocese  of  Wilmington,  Del.  On  the  7th  of 
May,  1871,  the  chapel  of  the  church  was  dedicated  by 
the  Right  Rev.  J.  F.  Shanahan  to  the  great  joy  and 
delight  of  the  people,  and  on  the  same  day  mass  was 
said  in  it  for  the  first  time.  The  church  is  fifty  by 
ninety-eight  feet. 

The  next  important  events  in  the  history  of  the 
church  were  the  opening  of  a  mission  by  the  Re- 
demptorist  Fatliers,  and  the  blessing  at  its  close  on 
the  16th  of  June,  1872,  of  a  beautiful  cross  bestowed 
on  the  church  by  Paris  Haldeman,  Esq.,  whose  gen- 
erosity in  this  and  in  other  ways  is  held  in  grateful 
remembrance  by  the  people  of  St.  Mary's  parish. 
This  cross  surmounts  the  steeple  of  the  churcli.  The 
parochial  school  was  opened  on  the  2d  of  September, 
1873,  and  placed  under  the  care  of  the  Sisters  of 
Charity,  to  whom  at  the  same  time  was  assigned  the 
charge  of  the  Sunday-school,  which,  up  to  this  date, 
had,  for  a  number  of  years,  been  presided  over  by 
!Miss  Margaret  Trainor. 

Before  the  numerical  loss  (written  of  further  on) 
which  the  congregation  sustained,  the  average  num- 
ber of  pupils  in  the  Sunday-school  had  been  seventy- 
five;  it  is  now  about  forty.  Lack  of  employment  in 
Marietta  during  the  panicky  times  of  recent  years 
compelled  many  of  the  families  of  St.  Mary's  congre- 
gation to  migrate  to  other  districts  where  work  could 
be  had.  In  consequence  of  this  diminution  of  the 
number  of  the  parishioners,  the  fine  church  is  only 
partially  completed.  While,  however,  the  church 
proper  is  unfinished,  the  edifice  possesses  a  magnifi- 
cent basement,  in  which  the  children  of  the  parochial 
school  are  taught,  and  on  Sunday  divine  services 
held.  With  the  record  here  of  the  liberal  pecuniary 
aid  which  tlie  non-Catholics  of  Marietta  gave  in  the 
erection  of  the  church,  this  brief  history  of  its  in- 
fancy closes. 

United  Brethren. —  This  church  was  organized 
May  20,  1880,  by  Rev.  William  S.  Lesher,  with  the 
following-named  persons  as  the  original  members, 
who  were  also  the  first  trustees:  Abram  R.  Lutz,  D. 
Detweiler,  and  Samuel  Nye.  This  organization  was 
at  first  connected  with  the  German  Conference,  and 
subsequently  transferred  to  the  English  Conference. 
In  the  fall  of  1880,  through  the  means  of  a  special 
meeting,  about  forty  persons  were  added  to  the 
church.  The  house  of  worship,  located  in  West 
Marietta,  was  built  by  the  Methodist  Society  to  be 
occupied  as  a  chapel,  and  in  May,  1880,  sold  to  the 
TJnited  l!ret)iren,  and  t)y  them  was  dedicated  in  June 
of  the  same  year.  I'resent  membership,  twenty-six. 
The  trustees  for  1883  were  A.  R.  Lutz,  Alexander 
McAfee,  Joseph  McFarland,-  George  Geiser,  and 
Samuel  Stacks.  Value  of  church  property,  eleven 
hundred  dollars.     Present  pastor,  Rev.  Mr.  Kramer. 


The  Sunday-school  connected  with  this  church 
was  organized  in  April,  1883,  with  Christian  Stibgeo 
as  superintendent,  with  thirty-five  pupils. 

African  Churches.— There  are  also  two  African 
churches  or  congregations  in  Marietta,  of  which  no 
reliable  iiiformation  could  be  obtained  as  to  date  of ■ 
organization,  building  of  churches,  names  of  pioneer 
members,  first  preachers,  or  present  condition  of  the 
societies.  It  was  stated,  however,  by  persons  cogni- 
zant of  the  fact,  that  both  churches  were  in  a  flour- 
ishing condition,  and  well  supplied  with  ministerial 
assistance.  '•' 


lOGRAPHlCAL    SKETCHES.  ■■- 


JAMES    DUFFY. 

Jolin  Duffy,  the  grandfather  of  James,  was  born  in  ' 
Newtown,  Cunningham  County,  Donegal,  Ireland, 
where  he  followed  the  vocation  of  leather-dressing.' 
He  was  married  to  Miss  Ann  Bradley,  and  had  ont 
son,  James,  who  was  born  in  the  same  county  and 
township  in  Ireland,  where  he  was  an  extensive  con- 
tractor. He  was  a  man  of  large  acquirements  and 
'exceptional  business  capacity.  He  was  married  to 
Miss  Catharine  Sheridan,  of  the  same  county,  uiid 
during  the  year  1800  emigrated  to  America,  and 
settled  in  the  city  of  Lancaster,  Lancaster  Co.,  fr»m 
whence  he  removed  to  Marietta  in  the  same  county. 

Mr.  Dufl'y,  aside  from  his  business  occupatioiiM  in 
Ireland,  was  connected  with  the  military  service,  and 
a  member  of  the  Light  Horse  Cavalry.  He  idii- 
tinued  his  former  business  in  Pennsylvania,  i.(jn- 
structed  the  Marietta  and  Lancaster  turnpike,  the 
turnpike  from  Elizabethtown  to.  the  Susquehanna 
River,  and  a  large  portion  of  the  road  from  Carlisle 
to  Baltimore  via  York  Springs  and  Gettysburg. 

He  also  projected  a  portion  of  the  borough  of 
Marietta.  In  politics  he  was  a  Democrat,  and  in  liis 
religious  predilections  a  Roman  Catholic. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Duffy  had  twelve  children,  of  whom 
seven  survived.  The  death  of  Mrs.  Duffy  occuirr-l 
in  1820,  and  that  of  Mr.  Duffy  in  1836,  in  his  sixty- 
fifth  year.  Their  son  James  was  born  in  Mari.tta, 
Sept.  16,  1818,  where  the  uneventful  years  of  his 
childhood  were  spent,  in  the  enjoyment  of  such  liui- 
iled  educational  advantages  as  the  public  schoul  of 
the  neighborhood  afforded.  The  boatman's  cralt  > -i 
the  Susquehanna  River  at  that  early  day  oftercl  the 
most  inviting  fiehl  to  young  men  residing  along  its 
shores,  and  here  the  young  man  sought  occupation, 
first  as  a  hand,  next  us  steersman,  from  which  he  rose 
to  the  rank  of  pilot.  He  continued  thus  employed 
until  1846,  and  the  following  year  made  a  trip  to  Ku 
rope.  In  1848  he  established  a  line  of  boats  for  the  :, 
purpose  of  transi)orting  coal  from  Pottsville  to  New 
York,  in  the  interests  of  the  Schuylkill  Navigation 
Company.    In  connection  with  James  Mehaffy,  a  son 


5^^^^ 


"^^^^yc/  ^z<^^^ 


BOROUGH    OF   MARIETTA. 


643 


of  his  father's  former  partner  in  his  land  operations 
in  Marietta,  he  embarked  in  the  lumber  business, 
which  was  continued  until  1865.  Mr.  Duffy  was  mar- 
ried on  the  8tli  of  September,  1863,  to  Miss  Martha, 
daughter  of  John  Park,  of  Marietta.  Their  children 
are  Jo.se])hine,  Catherine  (deceased),  James,  Donald 
Cameron,  Thomas  Bayard,  John  Park  (deceased), 
Martha  Park,  John  Park,  2d  (deceased),  and  one  who 
died  in  infancy. 

In  1861,  Mr.  Duffy  became  a  member  of  a  firm  en- 
gaged in  the  transportation  of  government  supplies 
to  the  forts  in  New  Mexico  and  the  West,  including 
Salt  Lake,"an  enterprise  involving  many  millions  of 
dollars  a  year  and  the  labor  of  thirty  thousand  oxen. 
•  He  was  tiius  actively  interested  for  a  period  of  seven 
years,  after  which  he  retired  from  business,  and  has 
nince  devoted  his  attention  principally  to  his  landed 
investments,  and  won  a  reputation  as  the  most  exten- 
sive tobacco-grower  in  the  State.  lu  1877  he  became 
interested  in  the  Marietta  Hollow-ware  and  Enamel- 
ling Company,  in  which  he  controls  one-half  the  cap- 
ital stock.  He  was,  in  187&,  appointed  one  of  the 
Commissioners  of  Fisheries  for  the  State  of  Penhsyl- 
vania,  and  has  since  been  one  of  the  chief  promoters 
of  fish  culture  throughout  the  State. 

He  has  also  been  largely  identified  with  the  growth 
«nd  development  of  the  township  and  borough  of  his 
residence.  He  is  an  earnest  sympathizer  with  all 
public  improvements,  and  a  director  of  the  Bald 
Eagle  Valley  Railroad.  Mr.  Duffy  in  politics  afiili- 
ates  with  the  Democracy,  though  indifferent  to  the 
honors  which  are  the  reward  of  party  service.  His 
associations  are  not  confined  within  the  limits  of  his 
own  county,  both  business  and  social  matters  having 
led  to  an  intimate  acquaintance  with  men  eminent  in 
political,  financial,  and  educational  circles.  His 
house  is  the  centre  of  a  liberal  hospitality,  and  the 
resort  of  men  of  distinction,  irrespective  of  creed  or 
party. 

Mr.  Duffy  was  educated  in  the  Roman  Catholic 
faith,  of  which  he  is  a  supporter,  though  a  willing 
contributor  to  other  religious  denominations. 


KENRY  MU.SSELMAN. 
The  Musselman  family  may  be  classed  as  Ppnnsyl- 
Tania  German,  its  representatives  having  for  genera- 
tions resided  in  the  State.  The  parents  of  Henry 
were  Henry  and  Magdalena  Musselman.  Their  son, 
Henry,  was  born  in  Lancaster  township,  where  his 
father  was  a  successful  farmer,  on  the  4tli  of  October, 
1798,  his  early  life  having  been  spent  within  the 
bounds  of  the  county  at  Silver  Spring.  On  reaching 
manhood  he  removed  to  Mount  Joy,  and  engaged  in 
uieM.'antiie  pursuits,  and  later  embarked  in  the  for- 
warding business  in  connection  with  John  Patterson. 
After  a  residence  of  several  years  at  Mount  Joy  he 
removed  to  Marietta;  and  during  the  year  1848,  with 
Dr.  Shoenberger,  of  Pittsburgii,  erected  an  extensive 


furnace.  On  the  death  of  the  latter  Henry  Watts 
became  a  partner  in  the  enterprise.  In  1849  another 
furnace  was  built,  and  ultimately  a  third  under  the 
auspk;ea  of  Henry  Musselman  &  Sons,  the  property 
having  been  disposed  of  on  the  death  of  the  members 
of  the  lafter  firm.  Henry  Musselman  was  first  mar- 
ried to  a  Miss  Rohrer,  to  whom  were  born  three  sons, 
— John,  David,  and  Christian.  By  a  second  marriage, 
on  the  23d  of  December,  1830,  to  Miss  Anna  B., 
daughter  of  Abram  and  Barbara  Hackman,  of  Mount 
j  Joy,  there  were  five  children, — Abram  H.,  whose 
!  birth  occurred  Nov.  30,  1831,  in  Mount  Joy,  and  his 
death  Feb.  14,  1877  ;  Samuel,  who  was  born  Sept.  5, 
1835,  and  died  Nov.  14,  1874;  Henry  S.,  born  Aug. 
10,  1843,  who  died  April  6,  1870,  in  Baden,  Germany, 
where  he  had  gone  to  perfect  himself  in  the  study  of 
medicine;  Anna  M.,  born  Juue  12,  1839,  and  one 
who  died  in  early  life.  Abram  H.  Musselman  was 
one  of  the  most  active  meu  in  the  iron  business,  and 
universally  esteemed  as  a  genjal,  kind-hearted,  and 
enterprising  gentleman.  He  aided  largely  in  the 
improvement  of  the  village,  which  he  made  his  home, 
and  was  especially  zealous  for  the  welfare  of  the 
workmen, in  his  employ,  to  whom  his  death  was  a 
sad  calamity. 

Samuel  Musseluiau  was  a  man  of  no  less  energy 
and  public  spirit,  and  contributed  largely  by  his 
j  ability  to  the  success  of  the  industry  in  which  he  was 
engaged.  In  his  intercourse  with  his  fellows  he  was 
courteous,  kind,  and  generous,  and  justly  won  for 
himself  the  appellation,  "  the  noblest  work  of  God," 
an  honest  man. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  in  politics  formerly 
an  Old-Line  Whig,  and  subsequently  a  Republican, 
though  rarely  interesting  himself  beyond  the  casting 
of  his  ballot  in  the  political  issues  of  the  day.  He 
was  a  liberal  contributor  to  all  worthy  religious  ob- 
jects, though  not  connected  with  any  denomination. 
Mr.  Musselnian's_death  occurred  Dec.  6,  1875,  in  his 
seventy-eighth  year.  This  portrait  and  biographical 
sketch  are  inserted  by  his  wife  as  a  tribute  of  affec- 
tionate regard. 


I>.\VID  COOK. 

David  Cook  was  born  in  1750,  upon  the  farm  upon 
which  he  laid  out  the  town  of  New  Haven,  and  died 
at  Hagerstown,  Md.,  June  12,  1824.  His  grandfather, 
James  Cook,  was  one  of  the  pioneer  settlers  in  Done- 
gal township,  who  died  in  1741,  leaving  a  widow, 
Elizabeth,  and  the  following  children  :  Thomas,  David 
(father  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch),  James,  Edward, 
Joseph,  John,  Catherine,  Jean,  and  Margaret. 

David,  the  second  son  of  James,  and  the  father  of 
the  subject  of  this  sketch,  owned  and  resided  upon 
the  farm  at  Marietta.  He  died  in  1787,  and  left  a 
wife,  Martha,  and  the  following-named  children: 
John  (who  married  Elizabeth  Tettle,  Sept.  5,  1780), 
David,  Samuel,  Grace  R.,  Pedan,  and  James. 

David,    married    Mary    (1766-1820),    daughter   of 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


Colin  McFarquahr,  the  minisster  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church  at  Donegal.  He  was  a  justice  of  the  peace 
for  many  years.  He  was  an  amiable  and  most  worthy 
citizen. 


J.\MFS    MEHAFFY. 
James   Mehaffy  was   one   of  the   pioneer  settlers, 
and  came  to  Anderson's  Ferry  about  the  year  1804. 
When  David  Cook  laid  out  New  Haven  he  purchased  ! 
a  lot,  erected  a  house,  and  opened  a  store.    He  moved  ! 
to  Waterford  in  1807,  where  he  also  was  assessed  as  a 
store-keeper,  and  he  also  commenced  the  purchase  of 
lumber  until  he  accumulated  a  large  stock.     During 
his  time  he  was  the  most  successful  of  all  the  business 
men  in  the  place.     He  was  the  only  prominent  per- 
son in  the  town  who  was  not  ruined  by  the  financial 
crash  which  followed  the  war  of  1812.    Although  his 
lo.sses  were  heavy,  he  gradually  accumulated  a  large 
estate.      He  built  and   resided  in  the  dwelling  now 
owned  by  8imou  S.  Nagle. 


HENRY    CASSEL. 

Henry  Cassel  was  born  near  the  junction  of  Back 
Kun  and  Big  Chikis  Creek,  in  Rapho  township,  at 
the  base  of  the  northeastern  slope  of  Sporting  Hill, 
on  the  12th  of  March,  1776.  His  grandfather,  Abra- 
ham Cassel,  settled  at  this  place  in  the  year  1750, 
where  he  built  a  grist-mill.  His  son,  Abraham,  was 
born  there,  and  on  the  18th  day  of  April,  1775,  he 
married  Esther  Weiss.  They  had  the  following  chil- 
dren :  Henry,  born  March  12,  1776,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch;  Maria,  born  Dec.  13,  177'J  ;  and  Abra- 
ham, born  Dec.  14,  1782. 

Henry  Cassel,  being  the  oldest  son,  got  the  home- 
stead and  mill,  where  he  carried  on  an  extensive  busi- 
ness for  several  years.  Having  married  Catharine, 
daughter  of  John  Neft",  Esq.,  of  Hempfield,  who  ob- 
tained by  inheritance  the  farm  at  the  eastern  limits 
of  Marietta,  removed  to  that  place  several  years  be- 
fore either  Waterford  or  New  Haven  were  laid  out. 
He  was  the  first  person  along  the  river  that  did  a 
commission  business.  He  received  immense  quanti- 
ties of  flour,  grain,  whiskey,  lumber,  and  stone-coal, 
which  he  shipped  to  Port  Deposit  in  arks;  t|hence  to 
Baltimore,  which  he  sold  for  other  parties,  charging 
a  commission  of  five  per  cent. 


WILLIAM  CHILDS. 
William  Childs  was  a  hatter  by  trade.  His  incli- 
nation led  him  to  follow  other  pursuits  more  cun- 
gi'iiliil  to  his  taste,  for  which  his  abilities  seemed  bet- 
ter adapted.  He  was  engaged  for  some  years  in  the 
lumber  and  coal  business.  He  was  cashier  of  the 
Marietta  Bank  for  two  or  three  years,  and  after  its 
failure  he  was  appointed  a  justice  of  the  peace,  an 
ollice  he  held  for  many  years.     He  was  one  of  the 


best  scriveners  in  the  county,  and  it  was  safe  to  I 
cept  his  opinion  upon  any  law  question  submitted  to  ' 
him.     His  dwelling  stood  where  the  Marietta  BHnk 
is,  OH  Market  Street.     He  died  about  forty  years  ago, 
aged  eighty  years,  leaving  a  family  of  several  chil' 
dren. 


REV.  ABRAHAM  H.  LONG. 
Rev.  Abraham  H.'  Long  was  born  in  East  Don«^ 
gal  township,  Lancaster  Co.,  April  5,  1823.  Eil 
jjarents  were  Mennonites.  His  grandfather,  Hertnaa 
Long,  was  one  of  the  early  settlers  of  Lancaster 
County.  Rev.  A.  H.  Long  is  a  minister  in  th* 
denomination  known  as  "  The  Church  of  God."  H^ 
entered  the  ministry  in  1853,  and  has  been  pastor  of 
the  Churches  of  God  in  Maytown,  Bainbridge,  Elif- 
abetlitown.  Mount  Joy,  Rohrerstown,  and  Landi»- 
ville.  He  has  also  served  a  number  of  churches  io 
Cumberland  and  other  counties,  and  preached  two 
years  in  Wooster,  Ohio.  He  has  also  published  t 
volume  of  sermons.  The  book  is  entitled  "  Popuiir 
Semons."     He   has   preached    nearly   five   thousand 


SAMUEL    HOUSTON.  -  .;■'., 

Dr.  Samuel  Houston  came  to  the  place  about  tht ; 
close  of  the  war  of  1812,  and  commenced  the  prac- 
tice of  medicine.  He  was  an  ardent  supporter  of  tho 
war,  and  opposed  the  Federal  party  witli  great  bitter- 
ness. He  was  a  candidate  for  the  State  Senate,  bat 
was  defeated.  A  violent  personal  warfare  was  made 
upon  him  in  the  Federal  newspapers.  He  engaged 
in  the  river  business,  and  purchased  great  quantitiei 
of  stone-coal,  provisions,  grain,  flour,  and  whiskey, 
which  he  stored  upon  the  river-bank  and  in  large 
warehouses.  He  shipped  these  articles  in  arks  whicli 
ran  down  the  river  to  Port  Deposit,  thence  transferred 
to  schooners  and  taken  to  Baltimore. 

He  opposed  Jiiekson's  election  in  1824  and  supported 
Adams',  and  when  the  Aiiti-Masonic  party  came 
into  existence  he  became  one  of  its  leading  meni-^ 
bers.  That  party  nominated  him  for  the  State  Senate 
when  York  was  attached  to  Lancaster  in  the  seua- 
torial  district,  and  was  defeated  by  Mr.  Caldwell,  the 
Democratic  candidate.  He  was  an  intimate  and  warm 
friend  of  Thaddeus  Stevens,  and,  like  him,  hated 
human  slavery,  and  was  a  sincere  friend  of  the  op- 
pressed. He  employed  colored  men  whenever  he 
could,  and  often  he  not  only  gave  fugitive  slaves  em- 
ployment, but  when  danger  threatened  them  with  a 
return  to  bondage,  he  either  concealed  them  in  the 
neighborhood  or  sent  them  on  the  "  Underground 
Railroad"  to  a  place  of  safety.  He  was  able  and 
ready  at  all  times  to  discuss  with  an  opponent  the 
most  radical  views,  and  was  not  only  gifted  with 
moral  courage  but  physical  also.  He  built  and  re-. 
sided  in  the  large  two-story  brick  dwelling  at  the 
northwest  corner  of  Market  Square.  But  one  daugh- 
ter and  son  survive  him. 


BOROUGH    OP    MARIETTA. 


645 


ELIJAH  RUSSELL. 
Capt.  Elijah  Russell  was  in  the  war  of  1812,  and 
came  to  Marietta  about  the  year  1812  and  embarked 
in  the  mercantile  business  and  prospered  for  some 
years,  but  finally  lost  heavily.  He  married  a  daughter 
of  Anthony  Haines,  who  owned  the  Anderson  farm. 
While  on  his  way  to  York  borough,  via  Vinegar's 
■  Ferry,  he  was  thrown  from  his  horse,  and  died  in  a 
few  days  from  the  injuries  he  then  received.  He  left 
no  cliildren  surviving  him. 


and  best-read  citizens  in  the  place,  and  had  also'  a 
fondness  for  a  niilitdry  life,  and  commanded  the 
Donegal  Rangers  for  several  years.  He  was  an  agree- 
able and  fine  conversationalist,  and  his  society  was 
much  sought  after  by  those  who  could  appreciate  hia 
good  qualities.  He  had  many  friends,  who  were 
warmly  attached  to  him.  When  a  member  of  the 
Legislature  he  was  the  first  person  to  introduce  the 
name  of  Andrew  Jackson  into  the  politics  of  the 
State  in  connection  with  the  Presidency.  He  died 
about  forty-five  years  ago,  and  was  buried  with  the 


DAVID    RINEIIART. 


David  Rinehart  came  from  Chester  County  about 
the  year  1812  and  was  apprenticed  to  learn  the  car- 
penter trade,  and  attained  his  majority  about  the  year 
1813.  In  the  following  year  he  enlisted  in  Capt. 
Jaciib  Grosh's  company  and  marched  to  Marcus 
Hook.  He  engaged  in  the  lumber  business  at  Mari- 
etta and  also  at  Port  Deposit.  His  residence  was 
situated  on  Front  Street,  near  Elbow  Lane,  and  ad- 
Joining  the  "  Compass  and  Square,"  a  tavern  kept  by 
Jauied  Stackhouse,  the  old  river  pilot,  who  had  in  his 
e]ii[iloyment  a  young  man  named  Jacob  Tome,  who 
attended  bar  and  was  always  ready  and  willing  to  do 
any  kind  of  work  about  tlie  hotel  in  cases  of  emer- 
gency. Mr.  Rinehart  noticed  his  industry -and  dis-' 
cerned  qualities  of  mind  which  fitted  him  for  a 
higher  sphere  in  the  business  walks  of  life.  He  took 
him  by  the  hand  and  ottered  him  the  management 
of  his  business  at  Port  Deposit,  Md.,  which  he  ac- 
cepted. His  success  there  was  phenomenal,  and  it 
was  but  a  little  while  until  Mr.  Rinehart  gave  him 
an  interest  in  the  business;  and  from  that  small  be- 
ginning, without  any  means  of  his  own,  he  has  be- 
come a  millionaire  and  one  of  the  most  ])rominent 
men  in  Maryland., 

Mr.  Rinehart  was  president  of  the  Columbia 
Bank  and  Bridge  Company  for  many  years,  and  oc- 
cupied that  honorable  position  to  a  period  near  the 
close  of  his  earthly  career,  when  he  relinquished  all 
business  on  account  of  poor  health.  He  married  a 
daughter  of  Anthony  Haines,  by  whom  he  luid  one 
sou,  Edwin,  who  married  a  daughter  of  John  Kline. 


E.  D.  ROATH. 


JOHN  nuss. 


Maj.  John  Huss  was  a  member  of  Assembly  for  the 
years  1823  and  1824.  He  came  from  Lancaster  in 
1813  and  started  the  Pilot.  AVhen  the  British  burned 
the  capitol  at  Washington  and  were  threateuing 
Philadelphia,  he  assisted  Capt.  Grosh  to  raise  a  com- 
piiny  of  volunteers,  and  as  first  lieutenant  marched 
with  the  company  to  Marcus  Hook.  He  accepted  a 
position  in  the  bank  as  clerk  in  1817,  and  after  the 
failure  of  the  bank  he  resumed  the  publication  of  the 
lllol,  but  changed  its  name  to  the  Pioneer.  Mr.  Huss 
never  married.     He  was  one  of  the  most  intelligent 


Eml.  D.  Roath  was  born  in  tlie  city  of  Lancaster, 
Pa.,  Oct.  4,  1S2U.  When  he  was  about  four  years  of 
I  age  his  father  died,  leaving  a  widow  and  four  sons, 
I  who  moved  soon  after  to  the  village  of  Maytown,  in 
wdiat  is  now  East  Donegal  towpship.  After  having 
qualified  himself,  young  Eml.  taught  school  horn 
1846  to  18.54,  and  became  one  of  the  original  members 
of  the  Lancaster  County  Teachers'  Institute,  the  first 
meeting  being  held  in  Lancaster  in  January,  1853. 
He  subsequently  settled  in  the  borough  of  Marietta, 
and  in  1857  w\as  elected  to  represent  his  district  in 
the  State  Legislature. 

At  the  outbreak  of  the  slaveholders'  rebellion  in 
1861  he  received  orders  from  Governor  Curtin  to 
raise  a  company  for  service  in  the  Union  army,  which 
was  soon  accomplished,  when  he  was  assigned  to  Col. 
Zeigler's  regiment,  and  became  a  part  of  the  One 
Hundred  and  Seventh  Pennsylvania  Volunteers, 
marching  to  the  front  with  ninety-eight  men,  and 
served  with  distinction  nearly  four  years.  He  par- 
ticipated in  the  battles  of  Cedar  Mountain,  Rappa- 
hannock Station,  Thoroughfare  Gap,  Bull  Run  (sec- 
ond), Chantilly,  where  he  was  in  command  of  the 
regiment;  Sout44  Mountain,  where  for  cool  bravery 
he  distinguished  himself  and  command;  Antietam, 
where  he  was  slightly  wounded ;  Frederick.sburg, 
Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Cemetery  Hill;  com- 
manded riffht  wing  at  crossing  of  Rappahannock, 
Aug.  1,  1863;  commanded  advance  at  Mine  Run; 
Spottsylvania  Court-House,  North  Anna,  Bethesda, 
Richmond  Road,  Tolopotomy,  Shady  Grove  Cliurch, 
White-Oak  Swamp,  wdiere  he  was  complimented  by 
commanding  general;  Norfolk  and  Petersburg  Rail- 
road ;  Weldon  Railroad,  where  he  was  taken  prisoner, 
Aug.  19,  1864,  and  was  kept  in  the  prison-pens  of 
Richmond,  Salisbury,  and  Danville  for  six  months, 
when  he  was  exchanged  and  sent  to  Annapolis,  Md., 
where  he  was  discharged  by  order  of  the  War  Depart- 
ment March  5,  1865.  While  in  the  army  he  was  hre- 
vetted  a  major,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  colonel  for 
meritorious  services.  Returning  to  his  home  in  Mari- 
etta, he  w^as  in  1866  elected  by  the  Republicans  t(t  the 
State  Legislature,  and  subsequently  a  justice  of  the 
peace,  which  position  he  still  holds. 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


GEOROE  n.  ETTLA. 
George  H.  Ettla,  of  Marietta,  son  of  Conrad  and 
Anna  B.  Ettla,  was  born  at  Huinnielatown,  Dauphin 
Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.  15,  1832.  He  served  from  1842  to 
1850  as  deputy  collector  in  the  Union  Canal  col- 
lector's ofBce  at  IMiddletuwn,  Pa.  Came  to  Marietta 
in  1854;  has  resided  there  ever  since,  during  which 
time  he  served  four  sessions  in  the  Legislature,  1875- 
78.  During  tlie  late  war  was  captain  of  Company 
B,  Two  Hundred  and  Fifteenth  Regiment.  Has  been 
engaged,  while  in  Marietta,  in  the  lumber  trade,  fire 
and  life  insurance  business;  at  present  is  postmaster 
and  conducts  a  general  fire  insurance  agency.  His 
parents  died  when  he  was  but  two  years  old. 


CHAPTER    XXXV. 

ADAMSTOWN    BOROUGH.' 

Location,  Railroad,  Indians,  Water,  etc.— The 

borough  of  Adamstown  is  situated  in  the  northern 
part  of  Lancaster  County,  adjoining  Berks  County 
line,  ten  miles  from  Reading  and  twenty-one  miles 
from  Lancaster,  on  the  old  stage  route,  laid  out  in 
1772,  formerly  traveled  by  Eastern  members  of  Con- 
gress to  a:id  from  Washington,  D.  C. 

Its  nearest  railroad  stations  are  Denver  (Union), 
Reinholt's,  and  Vinemount,  from  three  to  five  miles 
distant  on  the  Reading  and  Columbia  Railroad.  The 
mails  are  served  twice  daily,  by  stage  arriving  from 
Denver  in  the  morning  at  seveii  o'clock,  and  in  the 
evening  at  five  o'clock  from  Reading,  thus  enabling 
the  citizens  to  have  mail  communication  with  Lan- 
caster, Reading,  Harrisburg,  Philadelphia,  and  New 
York. 

From  old  ruins  and  numerous  relics  found,  in  the 
shape  of  stone  axes,  arrow-heads,  and  ornamental 
work,  it  seems  to  indicate  that  an  Indian  village  once 
covered  the  site  of  the  present  town  or  close  by. 

The  town  has  always  been  noted  for  its  abundance 
of  pure  sandstone  water,  which  in  many  places  gushes 
out  from  the  mountain  slope  on  the  north  side  of  the 
town,  as  also  for  its  general  healthfulness,  being  pro- 
tected from  the  cold  northwest  winds,  and  unujiually 
free,  with  rare  exceptions,  from  bronchial  or  consuinp- 
tive  complaints. 

The  convenience  of  and  purity  of  the  water  makes 
this  place  superior  to  many  others  for  manufacturing 
purposes.  The  boilers  are  kept  from  sediment,  re- 
quiring less  labor  in  cleansing,  and  last  much  longer. 

Pioneer  Settlers.— The  first  settlement  dates  back 
jirior  to  the  middle  of  the  last  century,  and  in  17()1 
William  Addams,  the  elder,  laid  out  the  town  on  a 
general  plan,  consisting  of  twenty-eight  lots  of  one 
acre  each,  and  twenty-nine  lots  of  half  an  acre  each. 


By  Hu 


and  then  other  lots  adjacent,  with  a  street  of  1 
perches  wide  running  nearly  east  and  west,  and  t 
number  of  alleys  to  be  fifteen  feet  wide.  This  t«rrl- 
tory«occupies  ground  along  the  present  Main  Street, 
so  as  to  take  in  the  lots  of  the  present  owners,  to  wit: 
on  the  n'orth  side  from  Andrew  Gottshalk's  to  Samuel 
Miller's,  and  on  the  south  side  from  Cyrus  Miller's  to 
Abram  Raudenbush,  Sr.,  inclusive. 

After  Mr.  Addams  had  laid  out  the  town  and  madt 
a  general  plot  or  draft  thereof  he  called  it  "  Adan* 
hurry,"  and  entered  into  a  written  agreement  on  the  \ 
4th  day  of  July,  1761,  with  the  following-named  pe^  i 
sons  as  purchasers  and  occupiers  of  the  several  lot! 
therein  designated:  Frederick  Fernsler,  Jacob  Baldt^ 
Balthazer  Heining,  Christopher  Smith,  Niclioltl 
Fernsler,  Nicholas  Seltzinger,  Abraham  Shonauer, 
Matthias  Abber,  Matthias  Farntzler,  Philip  Brendel, 
John  Schwartz,  Abraham  Kern,  John  Moore,  Peter  • 
Freisser,  Jacob  Freisser,  Nicholas  Yost,  Thomu 
Kern,  George  Feiser,  Philip  Heil,  Franz  HRhii,  • 
Isaac  and  Philip  Moyer,  Christian  Richard,  John  ; 
George  Shoup,  John  Stall,  Conrad  Carroll,  Jacob 
Betz,  Peter  Negeley,  Abraham  Kern,  Jr.,  Lorentl  1 
Stephan,  Cath.  Zwalley,  Ludwig  Herring,  Henry  , 
Brendel,  Ludwig  Twinks,  Martin  Eicholts,  Abraham  i 
Addams,  Christian  Hailing,  Philip  Breidensteio,  • 
Isaac  Addams,  William  Addams,  Jr.,  with  whomh«< 
stipulated  to  lay  out  the  town  aforesaid  into  sixty  ': 
lots,  with  streets  and  alleys,  subject  to  a  yearly 
ground-rent  of  sixteen  shillings  per  acre,  Pennsylvt-  |' 
nia  currency. 

Lease  of  Lots  in  Adamsburry.— Subsequently,  1 
in  order  to  carry  out  the  provisions  and  true  intent 
of  the  original  agreement,  and  to  provide  each  occa- 
pier  with  proper  titles,  the  said  William  Addams  and 
Ann,  his  wife,  by  indenture,  did  grant  and  confirm  ! 
unto  the  said  purchasers  of  lots,  their  heirs  and  u-  , 
signs  forever,  the  said  certain  lotof  ground  as  num- 
bered and  desntibed,  "situate  in  (then)  Cocalico ' 
township,  in  the  county  of  Lancaster  aforesaid,  in 
the  town  called  '  Adamsburry,'  with  a  clause  or  pro- 
viso, called  'Memorandum,'  that  it  is  covenanted 
and  agreed  upon,  by  and  between  the  two  partiei 
hereof  tiiat  the  said  (purchaser's  name),  his  heirt 
and  assigns,  shall,  at  his  or  their  own  proper  cost  and 
charges,  make,  erect,  build,  and  finish  on  the  said 
|iremises,  within  the  term  of  two  years  from  the  date 
hereof,  a  good,  substantial  dwelling-house,  twenty 
by  sixteen  feet  at  least,  with  a  good  chimney  of  stone 
or  brick,  cemented  with  lime  and  sand;  and,  further, 

that  the  said  ( },  his  heirs  and  assigns,  shall  pay 

therefor  and  thereout  unto  the  said  William  Addamt, 
his  heirs  and  assigns,  at  the  town  of  Adamsburry,  on 
the  twenty-sixth  day  of  June  yearly,  forever  here- 
after, the  rent  of  sixteen  shillings  (if  the  lot  contained 
one  acre,  and  eight  shillings  when  it  contained  but 
lialf  an  acre),  lawful  money  of  Pennsylvania:  Pro- 
vided always,  nevertheless,  that  if  the  said  yearly 
rent,  or  any  part  thereof,  shall  happen  to  be  behind 


ADAMSTOWN   BOROUGH. 


047 


and  unpaid  by  the  space  of  sixty  days  next  after  any 
of  the  days  of  payment  on  which  the  same  ought  to 
be  paid  as  aforesaid,  that  then  it  sliall  and  may  be 
lawful  to  and  for  the  said  Addams,  his  heirs  and  as- 
signs, or  any  of  them,  into  tlie  said  premises  with  the 
appurtenances  to  enter  and  distrain  for  tliesaid  yearly 
rent,  and  the  distress  and  distresses  then  and  there 
80  found  to  lead,  drive,  and  carry  away  and  impound, 
and  impounded  to  detain  until  the  said  yearly  rent  be 
fully  paid  and  satisfied. 

"  Provided,  further,  that  if  no  distress  can  be  found 
upon  said  premises,  that  then  it  shall  and  may  be 
lawful  to  and  for  the  said  William  Addams,  his  heirs 
and  assigns,  into  all  and  singular  the  hereby  granted 
premises  with  the  appurtenances,  or  into  any  part 
thereof,  in  the  name  of  the  whole,  wholly  to  re-enter, 
and  the  same  to  have  again,  repossess,  and  enjoy,  as 
if  tliese  presents  had  never  been  executed." 

The  Addams  Family.— William  Addams,  the 
founder  of  Adamstown,  died  in  November,  1772, 
leaving  a  widow,  Anna,  and  five  sons,  named  Abra- 
ham, Samuel,  Richard,  William,  and  Isaac,  and  a 
daughter  married  to  John  Witman.  He  also  left  con- 
eiderable  property  in  and  about  the  vicinity  of  Adams- 
town,  consisting  of  a  mill  and  farming  lands,  as  well 
as  the  aforesaid  town  lots.  As  early  as  the  1st  of 
August,  A.D.  1739,  a  patent  was  issued  by  the  com- 
monwealth of  Pennsylvania  to  William  Bird,  an  iron- 
master, for  three  hundred  and  fifty-six  acres  of  land, 
including  what  was  then  known  as  "  Addams'  Mill," 
then  as  now  supposed  to  contain  iron  ore,  and  on 
March  26,  1747,  the  said  William  Rird  and  Bridget, 
liis  wife,  sold  the  same  to  Christopher  Witman.  The 
latter  and  Barbara,  his  wife,  on  the  27th  day  of 
April,  1749,  sold  two  liundred  and  forty-six  acres 
thereof  unto  the  said  William  Addams,  who  lived  out 
of  the  town  on  a  portion  thereof,  and  gave  lots  to  his 
four  sons, — Abraham,  Samuel,  Riciiard,and  William. 
To  Isaac,  the  youngest,  he  gave  lota  Nos.  31,  32,  and 
61.  The  first-named  three  sons  afterwards  transferred 
their  riglits  and  title  to  said  lots  unto  their  brother 
William  for  three  hundred  and  thirty  pounds.  Isaac 
also  got  the  mansion  farm  and  one  hundred  and 
thirty-seven  acres  adjoining  the  village  of  Adams- 
town. 

William  Addams,  the  founder,  was  of  English,  and 
his  wife,  Anna,  of  German  descent.  Their  descend- 
ants are  very  numerously  found  in  the  counties  of 
Lancaster,  Berks,  Lebanon,  Schuylkill,  Dauphin, 
Cumberland,  Perry,  and  other  counties  in  Pennsyl- 
vania, as  well  as  in  the  States  of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illi- 
nois, Iowa,  Missouri,  and  Oregon. 

William  Addams,  one  of  the  five  sons,  died  in  1774, 
leaving  a  <vidow  named  Barbara,  and  a  son  also  named 
William,  who  was  a  minor,  to  whom  he  bequeathed 
the  whole  of  his  estate,  should  he  arrive  at  the  age  of 
twenty-one  years;  but  in  ca,?e  of  his  death  before 
arriving  at  said  age,  one-half  of  his  estate  should  go 
to  his  said  wi<iow,  Barbara,  and  the  remainder  to  his 


four  brothers, — Abraham,  Samuel,  Richard,  and  Isaac. 
William,  the  younger,  died  in  his  minority,  and  Isaac 
afterwards  married  Barbara,  the  widow  of  his  late 
brothe^r  William. 

The  said  Abraham,  Samuel,  Isaac,  and  Barbara,  on 
the  19th  day  of  April,  a.d.  1810,  conveyed  all  their 
right,  title,  and  interest  in  the  same  unto  the  said 
Richard  Addams,  who  died  in  1816,  leaving  a  widow 
named  Susannah  and  eight  children,  viz.:  INIary, 
intermarried  with  Rudolph  Heberling;  Anna,  inter- 
married with  Jacob  Flickinger;  Margaretta,  inter- 
married with  Henry  Flickinger  ;  Susanna,  intermar- 
ried with  John  Fisher;  Magdalena,  intermarried  with 
John  Bechtel;  William,  who  inherited  the  farm; 
Catherine,  single  woman ;  Elizabeth,  intermarried 
with  Peter  Musser.  To  these  named  seven  daughters 
was  bequeathed  all  the  interests  in  and  to  the  original 
ground-rents. 

To  William  Addams  descended  the  Addams  farm 
(formerly  owned  by  his  uncle,  Isaac),  and  by  him 
owned  and  occupied  until  1852,  when  he  died  and 
left  it  to  his  two  sons,  the  Rev.  Jacob  Addams, 
deceased,  and  his  brother,  Isaac.  The  latter  is 
still  living  near  Leesport,  Berks  Co.,  Pa.  The  two 
brothers  partitioned  the  farm,  the  latter  taking  the 
old  mansion  and  part  of  the  land,  the  former  the 
balance  of  farm,  added  to  the  dwelling  he  had  for- 
merly built  for  himself  as  a  residence  close  by. 

But  few  of  the  descendants  of  Richard  Addams 
are  now  living  in  the  borough,  the  only  ones  being 
Mr.  John  JIusser,  retired  merchant,  who  is  a  grand- 
son, his  sister,  Susannah  Musser,  Jonathan  Flick- 
inger and  John  Fisher,  great-grandsons,  and  Maggie 
Billingfelt  (wife  of  E.  Billingfelt),  a  great-grand- 
daughter. 

Isaac  Addams,  who  was  the  youngest  son  of  the 
founder  of  Adamstown,  and  brother  of  Richard 
Addams,  left  six  sons,  viz. :  William,  who  represented 
Berks  County  in  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Con- 
gresses;  John,  \Hio  commanded  a  brigade  of  the 
Pennsylvania  militia  during  the  war  of  1812;  Isaac, 
Samuel,  Peter,  and  Abraham.  The  latter's  daughter, 
Ann  Eliza  Addams,  married  Jacob  Beaver,  whose  son. 
Gen.  James  Addams-  Beaver,  the  gallant  one-legged 
Union  soldier,  was  the  Republican  candidate  for 
Governor  during  the  election  campaign  of  1882.  A 
combiiuition  of  circumstances  brought  three  candi- 
dates into  the  field  (two  Republicans)  for  the  same 
oHice,  thus  rendering  the  defeat  of  Gen.  Beaver  in- 
evitable. 

Present  Owners  of  Ground-Rents.— Tlie  several 
lots  of  ground  are  still  sold  and  held  subject  to  said 
yearly  ground-rent,  which  is  annually  collected  and 
paid  to  the  proprietors,  successors,  or  present  owners. 
By  will  and  divers  conveyances  the  proprietary  right 
became  vested  in  Richard  Addams,  one  of  the  five 
sons  of  the  founder,  and  after  his  decease,  which  oc- 
curred in  1816,  his  proprietary  right  was  sold  at  pub- 
lic sale  by  liis  executors,  William  .Vddamsand  Henry 


648 


HISTORY  OF  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


Flickinger,  and   bought   by  Rudolph  Heberling,    a 
son-in-law,  and  the  interest  therein  divided   among 
heirs  or  daughters  of  said  deceased  in  equal  shares. 
The  said  shares  were  owned  in  1883  by  the  following 
parties:  The  lieirs  of  Magdalena  Bechtel,  deceased, 
who  was  a  daughter  of  the  said  Richard   Addams, 
one  share;  the  heirs  of  Anna  Flickinger,  deceased,  ' 
also  a  daughter,  one  share ;  Susan  Musser,  a  grand-  | 
daughter,    three   shares ;    estate   of  Solomon    Regar,  j 
deceased,  purchaser  of  Mr.  Heberling's  interest,  one 
share;  and  Frederick  T.   Zeigler,   purchaser  of  the 
share  formerly  owned  by  Henry  Flickinger,  Sr.,  de-  | 
ceased,  one  share.  j 

When  incorporated  its  population  numbered  three  j 
hundred,  and  in   1880,  according  to  the  last  census, 
eight  hundred  and  one.  [ 

The  territory  occupied  contains  about  three  hun- 
dred acres,  and  was  taken  mainly  from  the  township 
of  East  Cocalico,  the  balance  from  Brecknock  town-  j 
ship,  Lancaster  Co. 

Incorporation  of  the  Boroug^h.— The  borough  of 
Adamstown  was  incorporated  by  a  special  act  of  the 
Legislature  April  2,  1850,  and  is  embraced  in  the  fol- 
lowing survey  :  Beginning  at  Adams' Spring,  in  Berks 
County,  and  running  N.  591°  W.  95.5  perches  to 
Ruth's  Spring;  thence  S.  55J°  W.  192  perches  to 
Good's  Spring;  thence  S.  51?°  W.  157  perches  to 
corner  of  Heft  and  Regar's  land  ;  thence  S.  54°  E. 
113  perches  to  a  willow-tree  standing  on  the  bank  of 
Adamstown  Branch  of  Muddy  Run;  thence  N.  601° 
E.  320  perches  to  Storie  and  Gehman's  line;  thence 
N.  4]°  W.  65.2  perches  to  place  of  beginning  in 
Berks  County. 

The  act  of  the  Legislature  erecting  the  borough 
authorized  the  election  of  the  following  borough 
officers,  viz.  :  One  chief  burgess,  three  councilmen, 
three  school  directors,  one  justice  of  the  peace,  one 
constable,  one  street  commissioner,  one  assessor,  two 
assistant  assessors,  one  auditor,  and  a  board  of  elec- 
tion officers.  Having  secured  all  the  powers  and 
privileges  of  a  borough,  the  people  soon  became  in- 
different about  borough  matters,  the  autiiorities 
having  but  limited  powers,  until  the  spring  of  1875, 
when  a  new  rec/ime  was  inaugurated  ;  application 
was  made  to  the  proper  authorities,  when  the  privi- 
leges allowed  by  the  act  of  the  Legislature  of  1851, 
and  a  supplement  in  1871,  was  e.xtended  io!  Adams- 
town borough,  and  si.x  councilmen  and  si.x  school 
directors  and  two  justices  of  the  peace,  instead  of 
three,  were  to  be  elected.  ■ 

Up  to  that  time,  1875,  the  borough  records  give  no 
satisfactory  list  of  officers.  Since  then  they  have 
been  as  follows: 

B(-RO?fl«.-il875-7f!,  Willlani  A.  Neibel;  1877-78  and  1881,  Henry  U. 
SI.,ik  ;  1879,  llejirj  Kilcljlhorne ;  1880,  Jucob  Fitcblliorue;  1882-83, 
GiiurKf  Tiullnian. 

Tow.N  Cuvscir..— 1875,  .Jacob  Fitchthorne,  Benjamin  Steffy,  Isaac  Sow- 
ers, Heniy  Haller,  Sr  (only  four  «ounciliiieu  Ihiayeiir);  1870,  Jacob 
Filcl.lhuro.s  Ilunrj  H.  Miller,  Benjamin  Sletfy,  EJwaril  Kee^r. 
George  Bullman;  1877,  Henry  Fitchthorne,  William  M.  Krick,  Wil- 


liam M.  Hyman,  Edward  Regar,  David  Landls  ;  1878,  David  Lanrtis, 
Joshua  Spaectz.  William  M.  Hyman,  Edward  Smith,  Henry  Fitch 
thorne;  1879,  Edward  Regar,  Samuel  Regar,  Benjamin  Sti-ffy 
drew  jr  Goltshall,  Edward  Smith  ;  1880,  Andrew  51.  Goltshall 
liam  M.  Hyman,  William  R.  Stork,  William  R.  Redcay,  Jr.,  Natlmn 

•  F.  Hartmau;  1S81,  Michael  Smith,  Sr.,  William  F.  Regar,  Jr,  B  M. 
Artz,  Cynis  Miller,  Benjamiu  Steffy;  1882,  Henry  Bicber,  Sanmol 
IS  Sloat,  Juhn  Zerbe,  Angmlus  Regar,  Richard  Trostle,  llarrisua 
Biriidel;  InSI,  Henry  Seigfieid,  Henry  Bucher,  David  Lorah,  Au- 
gustus Regar,  Jubn  Zerbe,  Richard  Trostle. 

Town  Ci.erk.— 1S75-81,  W.  W.  Fetter;  1882,  Franklin  Woods;  1883,8. 
J.  ColJern. 

In  1883  the  assessor  for  the  borough  was  AVilliani 
Knauer;  assistant  assessors  were  Levi  C.  Schnader 
and  William  Bicher;  Constable,  Cyrus  Miller;  Au- 
ditor, R.  M.  Hyman  ;  Treasurer,  Levi  C.  Schnader. 

Educational— On  the  14th  day  of  February,  1814, 
John  Frymeyer  and  his  wife,  Catharine,  by  their  in- 
dentnre,  did  grant  and  confirm  unto  Henry  Flicker- 
ing and  William  Addams,  and  theirsuccessors  forever, 
a  tract  of  land  situate  in  Adamstown,  "  in  trust  to 
and  for  the  use  and  behoof  of  the  inhabitants  of 
Adamstown  and  its  vicinity,  and  their  successors,  foi 
a  site  or  place  for  erecting  churches  and  houses  of 
religious  worship,  school-houses  and  almshouses,  and 
burying-grounds.  etc.,  and  the  said  trustees  shall,  as 
soon  as  conveniently  may  be,  at  the  cost  and  expense 
of  the  neighbors  and  those  who  wish  to  contribute 
thereto,  erect  and  build,  or  cause  to  be  erected  and 
built  on  the  said  premises,  a  house  or  houses  suitable 
and  convenient  for  keeping  or  teaching  a  school  for 
the  education  of  childre?n  and  grown  persons  of  all  de^ 
nominations  whatever  that  may  be  desirous  of  being 
taught  there,  for  which  purpose  they  shall,  with  the 
approbation  of  the  neighbors  and  contributors,  and 
at  the  expense  of  those  who  send  children  to  be 
taught  or  choose  to  be  taught  themselves,  find  and 
provide  a  good  teacher,  if  such  can  conveniently  be 
had,  to  superintend  the  school,  and  shall  prevent  any 
other  use  or  occupancy  to  be  made  of  the  lot  and 
premises  tlnin  what  is  necessary  for  the  school  and 
teachers  for  tlTfe  time  being;  and  in  case  of  the  death 
or  incapacity  of  the  said  trustees  to  act,  the  neigh- 
bors and  contributors  shall  choose  their  succes.snrs 
and  fill  the  vacancies  that  may  arise." 

In  order  to  avail  themselves  of  the  privileges 
granted  in  the  aforesaid  trust,  the  citizens  of  Adams- 
town and  vicinity  for  miles  around,  by  their  assistance 
and  contributions,  soon  thereafter  erected  a  modest 
one-story  stone  scliool-iiouse,  the  dimension.s  being 
about  twenty-five  by  twenty-five  feet,  employed  a 
teacher,  who  was  so  well  patronized  that  at  times  the 
capacity  of  the  building  was  almost  too  small  to  hold 
all  the  pupils,  during  the  winter  months  upwards 
of  seventy  being  regularly  in  attendance  with  but 
one  teacher.  The  lot  upon  wliicli  the  school-hnnse 
was  built  being  well  covered  with  heavy  timhcr,  and 
coal  as  fuel  not  then  in  use,  the  larger  and  older  boys 
of  the  scholars  had  to  fell  trees,  cut  and  split  wood 
between  hours,  which  was  used  as  fuel  in  a  large  ten- 
plated  stove  of  the  "  George  Ege  pattern." 


ADAMSTOWN    BOROUGH. 


Of  tlie  earliest  teachers  in  the  school  were  Messrs. 
Stilhvell,  Yerkes,  Spayd,  McDowell,  Lightner,  Proud- 
foot,  Zimmerman,  Dewees,  McDoiiough,  and  otliers. 

Ill  the  year  1855  a  new  two-story  stone  school- 
house,  thirty  by  thirty-six  feet,  was  built  near  the 
site  of  the  old  one,  and  near  the  upper  end  of  what  is 
now  Broad  Street,  and  two  schools  established  therein. 
This  house  gave  place  in  1878  to  a  two-story  brick 
structure,  which  was  destroyed  by  fire  early  in  the 
morning  of  Dec.  13,  1881.  This  building  stood  a  few 
rods  east  of  its  predecessors,  and  upon  the  same  foun- 
dation was  erected  in  1882  the  present  beautiful  two- 
story  school  building,  containing  four  well-arranged 
and  well-ventilated  school-rooms,  three  of  which  are 
occupied  by  the  schools  of  the  borough,  with  Frank- 
lin Wood  as  jirincipal,  a.ssisted  by  H.  W.  Harrah  and 
Miss  Ida  V.  Scheats. 

The  first  teachers  of  the  borough  schools  under  the 
free-school  system  wore  Christian  Lichty,  E.  Billing- 
felt,  and  .\braham  Lutz. 

The  school  directors  of  the  borough  for  1852  were 
Henry  Miller,  Henry  Staufer,  and  Benjamin  K. 
Shirk.  Between  that  time  and  1857  the  name  of 
Rev.  Benjamin  Adams  appears  as  one  of  the  school 
board. 

The  borough  record  furnish  the  following  school 
directors  for  the  borough  : 


1857.-H9iir 


1.  II  II  R.  Shirk,  Henry  Fichthorli. 

illir,  n..in  V  Sl.inrer,  Henry  Ficlilhoru. 

1  Lutz,  Houry  Shuirfr.  Henry  Ficlithorn. 

I  Liilz,  Lu.Uvi-  T  Custer,  Hunry  Ficlithorn. 

I   I.iilz.  I.uilwic  T.  Custor,  Dr.  \V.  llnrvey  Hartzell, 

,  E.iw.ird  H.  Col.ir»n,  Henry  G.  Mc.hn. 

ulz,  Ludwig    T.   Ouster,  George    Uollnian,   Ricliani 

1  It  CoUlren,  Henry  G.  M..I111. 


F,   H.  Col.lri 


L.  T 


iLCiisioneil  by  tlie  resignation  of  George  Bollnia 
:il,  when  George  Bollnian  was  elected  for  one  ye 


to  fill  1 


1880.-W.  W.  Fetter,  E.  H.  Coldren,  H.  n.  Redcny,  Henry  Seigfried,   | 
Joshua  Spatz.  L.  C.  Schnn.ler.     Mr.  Seigfried  resigned,  when  Wil-   j 

1881.-George  Bollnmn,  E.   U.   Coldren,  Henry    Regar,  W.  W.  Feller,   | 
Joshua  Spatz,  and  Henry  A.  Shirk  for  one  year. 

1682.-G.  Bollnian,  E.  H.  Coldren,  Henry  Regar,  W.  W.  Fetter,  Joshua 
Spalz,  Nathan  F.  Hartniau.  Mr.  Spatz  resigned,  and  H.  A.  Shirk 
was  elected  by  the  board  to  (ill  vacancy.  BIr  Itegar  resigned,  when 
the  board  elected  Cyrus  Miller  for  one  year.  Mr.  Hartniiin  removed 
from  Uio  district,  when  the  board  elected  William  R.  Slote  to  till 
vacancy. 

Ig83.— 0.  li.llinan,  E.  II,  Colilren,  11.   K.   lU-dciiy,  Samuel  K.  Staufer, 


Church  of  the  Evangelical  Association.— In  the 

earlier  days  of  Ailainstown  religicms  worship  was 
bold  in  the  pioneer  school-house  by  itinerant  preach- 
ers and  others,  and  about  the  year  1840  the  Evangrli- 
cal  Association  sent  their  ministers  to  this  place,  w  ho 
frequently  held  divine  service  in  the  school-liou-e, 


and  soon  made  such  a  favorable  impression  upon 
niitny  of  the  inhabitants  that  many  converts  were 
gtiined  for  their  form  of  service  and  the  doctrines 
taujjlit  by  them.  Much  has  been  done  in  the  few  in- 
tervening years  to  establish  true  religion  in  the  hearts 
of  many^old  and  young  citizens  of  this  town. 

This  church  w.os  organized  in  1845,  and  a  stone 
house  of  worship  erected  the  same  year  on  a  plot  of 
ground  on  Broad  Street,  north  of  Main.  Here  the 
congregation  continued  to  worship  till  1883,  when,  on 
May  31st  of  that  year,  the  old  frame  building  was 
taken  down  and  the  corner-stone  removed. 

In  1883  the  church  and  congregation  built  their 
present  substantial  brick  edifice,  forty-one  by  eighty 
feet,  on  Main  Street,  at  a  cost  of  a  little  over  seven  thou- 
sand dollars.     The  corner-stone  was  laid  July  7,  1883, 

by  Rev. ■  Brown,  of  Reading,  assisted  by  the  pastor. 

The  building  committee  for  the  new  house  of  worsliip 
was  H.  (>.  Mohn,  president;  D.  R.  Redcay,  secretary  ; 
II.  R.  Stork,  assistant  secretary  ;  A.  C.  Snader,  treas- 
urer; and  Levi  Snader,  Joshua  Spatz,  and  A.  R. 
Bollman.  The  following-named  persons  comprised 
the  board  of  trustees  in  1883:  Joshua  Spatz,  presi- 
dent ;  H.  R.  Sloat,  secretary  ;  Allen  C.  Snader,  treas- 
urer; and  Henry  G.  Mohn  and  Levi  Snader. 

The  missionary  society  of  the  church  was  organ- 
ized in  1882,  with  the  following-named  otficers  :  A.  R. 
Bollman,  president;  H.  K.  Bucher,  vice-president; 
S.  J.  Coldren,  secretary  ;  and  Rev.  A.  Dilaba,  past(jr 
of  the  church. 

The  Sunday-school  dates  with  that  of  the  church, 
and  is  officered  as  follows:  W.  W.  Fetter,  superin- 
tendent ;  Mrs.  Agnes  Bollman,  assistant  superintend- 
ent; S.  J.  Coldren,  secretary;  A.  R.  Bollman,  a.ssist- 
ant  secretary  ;  Henry  G.  Jlohn,  treasurer ;  S.  R.  Sloat, 
librarian  ;  David  R.  Redcay,  assistant  librarian  ;  Sally 
Bollman,  organist;  Dora  Fitchthorn,  assistant  or- 
ganist. 

The  officers  of  the  Sunday-school  Missionary  So- 
ciety for  1883  were  W.  \V.  Fetter,  president;  S.  J. 
Coldren,  secretary;  H.  G.  Mohn,  treasurer. 

Burial-Places. — In  1769  a  plot  of  ground  in  what 
was  in  after-years  tiie  school  land  was  inclosed  to 
be  used  as  a  burial-ground,  in  which  many  of  the 
older  citizens  of  this  town  and  vicinity  lie  buried,  in- 
cluding soldiers  of  the  Revolutionary  war.  After  the 
erection  of  the  Evangelical  Church  on  Broad  Street, 
and  a  burial-place  attached  thereto,  and  the  laying 
out  of  a  new  cemetery  by  Hon.  Esaias  Billingfelt,  ad- 
joining the  Evangelical  burying-ground,  no  burials 
have  talcen  place  in  the  old  school -house  grounds. 

Adamstown  Council,  No.  60,  0.  TJ.  A.  M.,  was 
instituted  Nov.  4,  ISiJ.j,  with  tlie  following-named 
chitrter  .members:  Henry  Echtnacht,  Samuel  Styor, 
E.  H.  Coldren,  Henry  B.  Handel,  Bunj.tmin  SlelTy, 
Henry  R.  Redcay,  Joseph  White,  .-V.  S.  Raudenbush, 
William  Echlnacht,  Henry  Stauffer,  Edward  Smith, 
Ephraim  Haller,  Solomon  Good,  Henry  Seigfried, 
Lewis   Lutz,  Samuel    Prutzman,    Jacob    Fichthorn, 


650 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER    COUNTY. 


Abrain  Lutz,  Jacob  Beam,  Barney  Lutz,  John  Fitch- 
thorn,  Jdlin  Artz,  Jonatlian  Swartz,  John  Schnader, 
Jacob  Kochel,  and  Samuel  Stork. 

The  first  Officers  of  the  council  were  as  follows  : 
Councilor,  A.  S.  Raudenbush  ;  V.  C,  John  Fich- 
thorn ;  Rec.  Sec,  Henry  B.  Hendel ;  Asst.  Rec.  Sec, 
Edward  Coldren  ;  Fin.  Sec,  Abraham  Lutz;  Treas., 
Henry  Echtenach  ;  L,  Jacob  Ficlithorn  ;  Ex.,  Samuel 
Styer;  I.  P.,  Benjamin  Steffy  ;  O.  P.,  Joseph  White;  j 
Jr.  ExC,  John  Artz.  1 

The  following-named  members  were  the  committee 
appointed  to  draft  constitution   and  by-laws,  which  i 
were  adopted  Jan.  25,  1866:  Abraham  Lutz,  Henry  | 
B.  Hendel,  Jacob  H.  Fichthorn,  Samuel  Styer,  and  ! 
A.  S.  Raudenbush,  committee. 

The  regular  meetings  of  the  council  are  lield  on  1 
Thursday  evening  of  each  week  in  its  hall,  over  the  | 
store  of  Feeter  &  Prutzman.  Present  membership,  j 
eighteen.  The  present  officers  {August,  1883)  are  as  j 
follows:  C,  Samuel  R.  Sloat ;  V.  C,  Henry  K.  j 
Bucher;  R.  S.,  B.  M.  Artz;  F.  S.,  William  K.  | 
Maurer;  Treas.,  Henry  Fichthorn;  L,  Jacob  Fich-  I 
thorn;  I.  P.,  Benjamin  Steffy;  O.  P.,  Richard  Tros- 
tle  ;  Trustees,  Henry  Bncher,  Benjamin  Steffy,  and  j 
Lewis  Lutz.  ] 

Post-Office. — Just  who  the  pioneer  postmaster  was  i 
we  are  unalile  to  aay,  but  probably  one  of  tlie  Addams 
fam.ily.  However,  in  1835,  Henry  Flickinger  Wiis 
the  postmaster,  and  kept  the  office  in  his  store.  For 
several  years  prior  to  1880  the  office  was  kept  in  the 
hotel  now  kept  by  M.  H.  Clark.  Nov.  29, 1880,  Abra- 
ham Lutz  was  appointed  postmaster  at  Adamstown, 
and  at  present  keeps  the  office  over  the  store  of  Snader 
&  Landis. 

AcRAiiAsr  Lutz  was  born  in  the  village  of  Reams- 
town,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.  3,  1831),  and  during 
his  minority  he  learned  the  trade  of  a  cabinet-maker 
in  Phila.leiphia,  Pa.,  and  Oct.  9,  1855,  he  married 
Jliss  Fanny  Rohrer,  of  Adamstown  borough.  Pa., 
who  died  in  Adamstown,  Sept.  27,  1880.  From  1852 
to  1864  he  taught  school  in  Adamstown,  and  the  hit- 
ter year  was  appointed  an  assistant  revenue  assessor 
for  Lancaster  County,  in  which  capacity  he  served 
over  six  years.  In  1865  he  was  elected  one  of  the 
school  directors  of  Adamstown,  and  served  as  such 
for  fifteen  years.  In  1875  he  was  elected  a  justice  of 
the  peace,  and  served  one  term,  five  years,  after  which  j 
he  was  appointed  a  notary  public,  which  position  he 
resigned  to  accept  the  office  of  postmaster  of  Adams- 
town in  1880,  which  he  still  holds. 

Taverns— Pioneer  and  Later.— Of  old''  taverns 
there  were  three  in  number,  kept  many,  many  years 
ago.  "  Redcay's,"  in  early  times,  was  known  as  Jacob 
Schwartz's  tavern,  and  kept  at  present  by  Morgan  H. 
Clark.  "  Rogers'"  tavern,  now  occupied  by  Nathan 
S.  Ilartman  as  a  private  residence.  "Rohrers'" 
tavern  was  in  the  building,  now  owned  by  Nidiulas 
Redcay,  and  ocaipied  as  tenements.  Thu  IduiIIi 
tavern  was  started   by   Elias  Redcay,  Sr.,  who  died 


thirty-five  years  ago,  and  is  kept  at  present  by  S.  \V. 
Miller. 

Of  these  old  hostelries,  "  Redcay's"  was  the  favor- 
it^  for  sojourners  stopping  in  town,  when  on  their 
way  from  Reading  to  Lancaster,  and  among  tlie 
patrotft  who  never  passed  here  without  stopping  were 
the  McGrannis',  McLane's,  JIcGoverns',  and  many 
others. 

Among  its  early  proprietors  were  Jacob  Schwartz, 
Dickinson,  Clavenstein,  Yerkes ;  and,  in  1820,  Elias 
Redcay  bought  and  kept  the  same  for  thirty  years, 
when  he  sold  to  Jacob  S.  Shirk.  His.brother,  Henry 
Shirk,  became  the  proprietor,  and  was  succeeded  by 
Benjamin  E.  Shirk,  Samuel  Styer,  L.  H.  Evans, 
.John  R.  Clark,  and  the  present  proprietor,  ilorgau 
H.  Clark. 

The  "  Rogers' ','  tavern  was  kept  in  turn  by  Samuel 
Breneiser,  Jacob  Regar,  Henry  Regar,  John  Swei- 
gert,  Leonard  Betz,  Mr.  Kaiser,  Jesse  Bitzer,  Jacob 
Spatz,  Emanuel  Frederick;  Edward  Stutenruth,  Mar- 
tin L.  Weidner,  Isaac  Coldren,  Franklin  Knauer, 
and  others.  This  was  an  old  tavern,  and  kept  us 
such  as  early  as  1772. 

Of  "  Rohrers'  "  tavern,  kept  some  sixty  years  ago, 
but  little  is  known,  and  lacked  the  custom  of  the 
traveling  public  to  keep  it  long  in  existence. 

Stores— Early  and  Later.— The  pioneer  store  in 
Adamstown  was  kept  by  Samuel  Addams,  a  grandson 
of  the  founder  of  the  town,  who  commenced  business 
here  about  1813,  in  an  old  log  building  standing  on 
the  corner  lot,  and  occupied  by  Henry  Haller.  Mr. 
Addams  subsequently  sold  his  store  to  Henry  Flick- 
inger, Sr.,  who,  in  1820,  erected  on  the  same  lot  u 
large  two-story  stone  dwelling,  and  store  adjoining, 
and  continued  the  mercantile  business  till  1845  (liis 
son,  John  Flickinger,  being  a  partner  during  the 
latter  years),  when  the  stock  was  sold  to  John  Musser. 
In  1848,  Mr.  Musser  removed  the  goods  into  his  new 
building,  on  the  opposite  corner  (where  he  at  present 
resides),  and  kept  store  there  until  1876,  when  he  soKi 
his  stock  of  goods  to  A.  C.  Snader  and  D.  H.  Landis, 
who  moved  the  same  to  the  brick  building  erected  by  ] 
Custer  &  Zeigler  in  1876,  where  they  still  continue 
the  mercantile  business  under  the  firm-name  of  Sna- 
der &  Landis. 

In  1818,  a  Mr.  Jones  started  a  store  in  opposition 
to  Flickinger,  in  an  old  liouiie  then  standing  on  the 
site  now  occupied  l)y  the  residence  of  William  Red- 
cay, Sr.  5Ir.  Jones  kept  store  but  a  short  time,  and 
was  sold  out. 

On  the  opposite  corner,  in  1827,  Michael  Kegerriea, 
Jr.,  erected  a  large  two-story  stone  dwelling,  with 
store  attached.  Mr.  Kegerries  died  several  years  after. 
His  father,  Michael  Kegerries,  succeeded  his  son  in 
the  store,  and  was  himself  succeeded  by  Johti  Cting- 
ler,  Esq.  His  successors  in  business  have  been  Abi- 
ram  Kegerries,  Henry  Staufer,  H.  H.  Miller,  A.  S.  ' 
Raudenbush,  William  A.  Niebel,  William  Artz,  Peter 
Gerret,  William  L.  Masburgcr,  and  Rufus  M.  llynian. 


ADAMSTOWN    BOROUGH. 


651 


Molin's  store-house  was  built  in  187-,  when  he  com-  ] 
menced  the  mercantile  business,  and  continued  till  \ 
1881,  when  he  sold  his  stock  to  Fetter  &  Prutzman, 
who  still  continue  the  business  of  general  merclian- 
dising. 

John  I\ruHser,  son  of  Peter  IMusser,  who  was  also  a 
native  of  this  county,  was  born  in  Adamstown  bor- 
ough, June  12,  1815.  When  Mr.  Musser  arrived  at 
tlie  age  of  twenty-two  years,  he  married  Miss  Keziah 
Miller,  a  daughter  of  Sebastian,  one  of  Adamstown's 
old  and  highly  respected  citizens.  Soon  after  his 
marriage,  Mr,Musser  went  to  Whitehall,  now  Rein- 
holdsville,  where  he  engaged  in  the  mercantile  busi- 
ness, where  he  remained  five  years,  when  he  returned 
to  Adamstown,  and  purchased  the  stock  of  goods  of 
Henry  and  John  Flickinger,  and  continued  the  mer- 
cantile business  till  1876,  when  he  sold  his  stock  of 
goods  to  Snader  &  Landis,  and  retired  from  active 
service,  having  been  in  trade  for  a  period  of  thirty- 
six  years  continuously.  In  1848,  having  built  the 
residence  in  which  he  now  lives,  he  moved  his  stock 
of  goods  into  it,  where  for  twenty-eight  years  he  car- 
ried on  a  business  in  which  he  gained  the  love  and 
esteem  of  all  with  whom  he  had  dealings.  He  has 
three  children, — P.  M.,  Kate,  and  Lizzie,  all  living. 

Hat-Factories.— The  principal  industry  of  the 
town  is  the  manufacture  of  wool  hats.  The  pioneer 
liat-niaker  of  Adamstown  was  the  late  Jacob  Fich- 
tliorn,  father  of  William  and  Philip  and  grandfather 
of  the  older  Fichthorns  of  Adamstown.  William 
Fichthorn  and  Levi  Hendel  were  among  the  early 
^liat-makers  of  this  place.  All  these  made  their  hats 
by  hand.  The  pioneer  machine  hat-maker  was  Ab- 
salom Ruth,  who  operated  his  machinery  by  water- 
power.  The  first  to  apply  steam  in  the  manufacture 
of  hats  in  this  town  were  John,  Jacob,  and  William 
Fichthorn,  who  built  a  steam  hat-factory  on  the  creek, 
adjoining  the  American  Hotel  property.  The  factory 
was  subsequently  purchased  by  Levi  Hendel,  who 
removed  the  building  and  machinery  to  his  hat-fac- 
tory, at  the  crossing  of  the  I!i)WMian;sville  and  Lan- 
caster and  Reading  roads. 

The  ne.xt  steam  hat-factory  in  Adamstown  was  by 
Esaias  Billingfelt,  Isaac  Sowers,  and  Henry  Stautfer, 
who,  in  18i)G,  converted  the  old  distillery  into  a  hat-fac- 
tory, adding  one  story  to  its  height,  and  making  other 
additions  and  improvements  to  the  building.  This 
factory  was  purchased  in  1876  by  E.  H.  Coldren,  the 
present  owner.  The  Hendel  hat-factory  at  the  Cross- 
Roads  was  sold  after  Mr.  Hendel's  decease  to  Coldren 
&  Prutzman,  and  subsequently  to  other  parties,  and 
was  idle  in  1883.  The  brick  hat-factory  now  stand- 
ing on  Willow  Street  was  built  in  1875  by  Henry  II. 
Miller,  who  also  built  a  block  of  twelve  dwellings  on 
Willow  Street,  and  a  first-class  private  residence  on 
Main  Street.     The  Miller  factory  w.as  idle  in  1883. 

Bollman's  hat-factory  was  established  in  187.'i  l.y 
George  Bollman,  and-in  1879  the  buildings  were  .|. 
atroyed  by  fire.     In  1880,  Mr.  Bollman   rebuilt,  and 


in  1883  his  mill  had  a  manufacturing  capacity  of 
eighty  dozen  liats  per  day.  An  average  of  fifty  per- 
sons are  given  employment  annually. 

Coldj-en's  hat-factory,  located  on  Main  Street,  was 
originally  a  distillery  converted  into  a  hat-factory  in 
18G6,  and  plirchased  in  1876  by  E.  H.  Coldren,  the  pres- 
ent owner  and  operator.  The  capacity  of  this  factory 
is  eighty  dozen  hats  per  day,  and  gives  employment 
to  an  average  of  fifty  persons  annually, — .S.  J.  Coldren, 
foreman  and  book-keeper. 

Fichthorn,  Redcay  &  Co.'s  hat-factory  was  estab- 
lished in  1876  by  Samuel  Fichthorn,  Daniel  Redcay, 
and  Lud  wig  D.  Custar,  who  gave  employ  men  t  to  twenty 
men.  At  present  (1883)  there  are  employed  thirty 
persons  in  the  manufacture  of  hats,  who  turn  out 
sixty  dozen  per  day. 

Tanneries. — The  first  tannery  in  Adamstown  was 
established  by  George  Gensamer  about  eighty  years 
ago,  and  in  a  few  years  thereafter  sold  the  same  to  Se- 
bastian Miller,  Sr.,  who  in  1822  erected  on  the  premises 
a  large  and  commodious  two-story  stone  mansion 
house,  wherein  he  resided  and  carried  on  the  tannery 
until  the  year  1844,  the  time  of  his  death.  His  two 
sons,  Sebastian  and  Henry,  then  became  the  owners 
and  carried  on  the  business  in  copartnership  until 
the  year  1866,  when  Henry  moved  to  Pine  Grove  and 
engaged  in  the  same  business,  leaving  Sebastian  sole 
proprietor,  who  is  still  engaged  in  tanning. 

A  second  tannery  was  established  sixty-five  years 
ago,  by  Peter  Richer,  on  a  lot  north  of  Kegerries' 
store.  He  carried  on  the  business  till  about  the  year 
18 — ,  when  he  sold  the  establishment  to  Sebastian 
Miller,  Sr.,  by  whom  it  was  continued  in  connection 
with  his  other  establishment  for  a  number  of  years, 
when  he  discontinued  the  Richer  tannery. 

Distilleries. — In  the  early  part  of  the  present  cen- 
tury there  were  many  distilleries  for  the  manufacture 
of  "apple-jack"  in  the  vicinity  of  Adamstown.  All 
of  them,  however,  have  gone  out  of  existence,  and 
the  ap|)le  cro|)  is  being  used  for  better  purposes. 

In  1800,  Michael  Kegerries  erected  a  distillery  in 
Adamstown  for  the  manufacture  of  corn  and  rye 
whiskeys  on  the  site  now  occupied  by  the  extensive 
wool-hat  factory  of  E.  H.  Coldren,  together  with  the 
large  stone  house  and  barn  adjacent,  the  latter  being 
built  in  1809,  and  numerous  other  and  necessary  out- 
buildings. Mr.  Kegerries  was  at  that  time  the  owner 
of  the  "  Hill,"  or  woodland,  containing  many  acres, 
situate  to  the  north  of  the  town,  which  by  him  was 
divided  into  numerous  lots,  after  having  cut  off  most 
of  the  timber,  the  wood  of  which  he  used  as  fuel  in 
carrying  on  the  distillery.  Said  lots  are  now  owned 
by  ditlerent  parties,  farmers  and  others,  and  are  now 
(1883)  covered  with  a  growth  of  first-class  chestnut 
rail  timber. 

In  1830,  Michiiel  Kegerries  and  Esther,  his  wife, 
sold  the  distillery  property  and  twenty-si.x  acres  of 
land  li>  his  son-in-law,  John  Echtenach,  wli|)  con- 
tinued the  business  till  1855,  when  he  sold  the  same 


•652 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


to  his  step-brother,  Henry  Echtenach,  who  continued  j 
the  business  till  1864,  when   the  last  gallon  of  the  ; 
celebrated   "Echtenach  Rye   Whiskey"   was   manu- 
factured in  Adanistown. 

In  1805,  Henry  Echtenach  sold  the  property  there, 
containing  twenty-two  acres,  fronting  nn  both  side-i 
of  Main  Street,  between  Mohii's  mill  and  the  old 
ground-rent  lots,  to  E.  Billiiigfelt. 

In  18G6,  Mr.  Billingfelt  sold  a  two-thirds  interest 
in  the  "old  still-house  building"  and  one-half  acre 
of  land,  with  water  privileges,  unto  Henry  Staufer 
and  Isaac  Sowers.  The  three  jointly  converted  the 
old  distillery  into  a  wool-hat  factory  with  steam- 
power  and  modern  machinery.  The  hat-factory  has 
been  vested  in  several  owners  until  1876,  when  it  was 
purchased  by  its  present  owner,  E.  H.  Coldren. 

The  balance  of  the  land  fronting  on  Main  Street 
Mr.  Billingfelt  divided  into  building  lots,  and  has 
sold  them  to  different  parties,  who  erected  thereon 
more  than  a  dozen  first-class  dwellings,  also  the  steam 
hat-fiictory  of  George  Bollman  and,  in  1883,  the  new 
brick  Evangelical  Cliurch  edifice. 

Grist-MiU.'— The  grist-mill  at  what  is  now  Adams- 
town  was  built  by  Daniel  Moore  on  the  site  of  the 
present  mill.  It  was  next  owned  by  his  son  Daniel, 
who  was  succeeded  by  Jacob  Moore,  and  Slonre  by 
Abraham  Kappis.  The  next  owners  were  Sebas- 
tian Miller  and  Philip  Vanida.  Miller  was  the 
fatlier  of  the  present  Sebastian  Miller,  of  Adams- 
town.  Vanida  was  at  one  time  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature,  and  had  a  son  named  Philiji.  The  mill 
was  subsequently  owned  by  Jucdli,  a  -en  nl'  IMiilip 
Vanida,  Sr.  Tiie  next  owner  w.,s  William  .Mohn, 
father  of  H.  G.  Mohn,  the  prrsinl  uwmr  and  opera- 
tor. During  this  time  the  mill  was  twice  rebuilt  and 
enlarged. 

Stawfer's  Cigar-Factory  was  established  in  1875 
by  Samuel  E.  Stawfer,  the  present  proprietor,  with  a 
working  force  of  one  man  and  one  woman.  In  1883 
his  works  had  increased  to  the  capacity  of  a  working 
force  of  two  hundred  persons,  and  a  manufacturing 
capacity  of  sixty  thousand  cigars  per  day. 

The  oldest  cigar-factory  in  this  town  is  that  of  C. 
G.  Mohn,  who  has  been  in  the  business  about  ten 
years,  and  at  present  employs  about  twenty  hands 
annually.  William  Arts  is  also  engaged  in  the  liu-i- 
ness,  and- employs  but  few  workmen. 

Printing.— A  job-printing  oiBce  was  established  in 
Adanistown  in  1873  by  Abraham  Lulz,  who  still 
continues  the  business,  in  connection  with  his  duties 
as  postmaster. 

Adamstown,  1883.— In  1883  there  were  in  Adams- 
town  one  Evangelical  Association  Church,  two  hotels, 
three  stores.  Fetter  .^  Prutzman,  Snuder  .t  Lan.lis, 
and  K,  M.  Ilyman  ;  two  pliysieiaas.  Kirhurd  Sweitzer 


and  W.  D.  Fink;  two  blacksmiths,  Benjamin  Steffy 
and  Jacob  Hain  ;  one  cabinet-shop,  by  R.  Reiher; 
three  woid-hat  factories;  three  cigar-factories,  and 
;)o>J-olliee,  with  Aliram  Lutz  as  postmaster. 


up  Ihc-iflii 


B10G1L\PH1CAL    SKETCHES. 


SEB.^STIAN    MILLER. 
Sebastian  Miller,  the  grandfather  of  Adamstown's 
well-known    citizen   of  that  name,    emigrated    from 
Germany  to  America  prior  to  the  Revolution,  and 
settled  in   Berks  County,  Pa.,  near  Sinking  Spring. 
There  he  lived  until  his  death.     His  son  Sebastian 
I  born  1786)  was  apprenticed  to  the  trade  of  a  tanner 
at  Sinking   Spring,  and  worked   some  time  for  his 
brother  John.    He  married  Catharine  Ruth,  of  Berks 
I  County,  by  whom  he  had  eight  children,  of  whom  four 
I  are  living,  and  shortly  after  his  marriage  removed 
I  to    Adamstown,  at  which   place    he   had   purchased 
!  the  tannery  previously  owned  and  operated  by  George 
Gensamer.     Mr.  Miller  was  a  man  of  sterling  worth, 
1  and  ranked  high  in  the  estimation  of  his  fellow-citi- 
zens.    He  was  industrious,  careful,  and  thrifty  in  his 
I  business,   and    became  a   prosperous    manufacturer. 
He   died   in    1843,  sincerely   lamented,    leaving  his 
[  business  to  his  two  sons,  Sebastian  and  Henry. 
I       Sebastian  Miller  (last  named)  was  born  March  23, 
1814.  in  .\damstown,  upon  the  place  he  now  occupies 
as  a  home,  and  occupied  also  for  years  by  his  father 
before  liiiii.     His  early  education  was  gained  in  the 
village  school,  :ind  when  at  the  proper  age  he  was 
trained    by    his    father    iii    the    business  of  tanning. 
Thus  early  in   lite  he   received   the  valuable  lessons 
that  self-reliant   industry   ever   teaches,  and  so  laid 
I  the  foundation  upon  firm  soil  of  the  sturdy  and  ster- 
i  ling  qualities  thaj  gave  to  him  the  success  that  came 
I  to  him  in  later  years.     His  close  attention  to  busi- 
ness  and  ready  intelligence  pushed  him  rapidly  for- 
'  ward  as  a  skilled  tanner,  and  even  when  a  young  man 
'  he  was  an  acknowledged  master  of  his  calling.   Upon 
the  death  of  his  father  in  1843,  he  and  his  brother 
Henry  came  into  possession  of  the  tannery,  and  ear- 
ned  it   on   together  with    much   success  until   18G6, 
when    Henry   retired   and    removed   to   Pine  Grove, 
.■^ehuylkill    Co.      Since    1806    Sebastian    has    been 
[  the   sole    jiroprietor   of  the   tannery,   and  still  con- 
I  ducts    it    with    the   same   careful    majiagement  and 
shrewd  judgment  that  marked  his  early  efforts.     In 
1840  he  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Henry  Regar,  of 
I  Adamstown,  well  and  long  known  in  that  section  as 
'  a  stocb  dealer   and    landlord.     Mr.    Miller  has   for 
twenty  years  been  an  active  member  of  the  Evangel- 
ical Cliurch.     Business  has  ever  claimed  his  closest 
and  most  earnest  attention,  and  aside  from  serving 
the  borough  as  burgess  several  years,  he  has  not  per- 
mitted himself  to  take  any  part  in  public  life. 


WAStllNGTON    BOROUGH. 


W.  W.  FETTlCll. 
W.  W.  Fetter,  leading  merchant  of  Adamstown 
boniugli,  was  born  at  llinkletown,  Lancaster  Co., 
Sept.  17,  1850.  In  Lancaster  County  his  anoestr}' 
goes  back  at  least  a  hundred  years.  Until  he  reached 
llie  age  of  eighteen  he  remained  at  home,  obtaining, 
meanwhile,  such  educational  advantages  as  the  vil- 
lage school  ad'orded.  That  he  improved  those  advan- 
tages is  manifest  in  the  declaration  that  upon  ending 
his  career  as  pupil  he  became  himself  a  teacher.  At 
Muddy  Creek,  in  East  Cocalico  township,  he  taught 
two  years,  and  for  two  years  thereafter  at  Adams- 
town.  Oct.  19,  1872,  he  married  Elmira,  daughter  of 
Samuel  Prutzman,  of  Adamstown,  a-  well-known 
woolen  hat  manufacturer,  who  died  March  5,  1878. 
After  his  marriage  Mr.  Fetter  worked  at  hat-making 
in  Adamstown  for  three  years,  and  subsequently 
taught  school  at  Adamstown  one  year.  In  1878  lie 
was  brought  forward  as  the  people's  candidate  for 
borough  justice  of  the  peace,  and  elected  by  a  hand- 
some majority.  His  determination  was  to  retire  to 
private  life  upon  the  conclusion  of  his  terjn,  but  the 
popular  voice  insisted  upon  his  reacceptance  of  the 
ullice,  and  against  his  desires  he  was  again  made  the 
citizens'  candidate.  A  sharp  contest  followed,  but 
his  popularity  once  more  asserted  itself  in  his  re- 
election in  the  spring  of  1S83.  As  a  warm  advocate 
and  earnest  worker  in  the  cause  of  public  education, 
Mr.  Fetter  has  long  been  in  the  front  rank.  In  Feb- 
ruary, 1880,  he  was  chosen  a  member  of  the  board  of 
borough  school  directors,  and  since  that  time  has 
likewise  been  secretary  of  the  board.  In  school 
matters  he  is  alert  and  active,  and  serves  with  watch- 
ful care  and  zealous  fidelity  the  important  interests 
of  that  department.  In  Sunday-school  work  he  has 
for  more  than  eight  years  been  an  important  factor 
and  leader.  In  1875  he  was  called  to  take  charge  of 
the  Sabbath-school  of  tlie  Adauistown  Evangelical 
Church,  and  from  that  time  to  this  he  has  been  con- 
tinuously its  superintendent.  Tlie  school  has  a  mem- 
bership of  two  hundred  scholars,  and  in  its  direction 
Mr.  Fetter  has  displayed  administrative  ability  of  no 
cojnmon  order,  while  in  the  development  of  harmony 
and  system  he  has  brought  the  school  to  a  high 
standard,  and  made  it  a  model  of  its  kind. 

From  187G  to  1882  he  served  as  clerk  of  the  Town 
Council,  and  in  1877  was  largely  instrumental  in  the 
adoption  of  the  measure  that  conferred  upon  Adams- 
town the  privileges  of  the  act  of  1851,  whereby  the 
jurisdiction  of  the  borough  was  enlarged.  There  was 
Btrenuous  opposition  to  the  change,  but  Mr.  Fetter 
took  the  ground  that  the  popular  good  demanded  it, 
and  he  accordingly  devoted  himself  with  unflagging 
enurgy  to  wliat  he  considered  his  duty  as  a  citizen. 
The  result  proved  long  ago  the  wisdom  of  his  course 
and  the  value  of  the  work  he  aimed  at.  During  the 
e.xistence  of  the  Adamstown  Press  he  was  its  jiuiidr 
editor,  and  in  the  service  of  literature  wielded  a  grace- 
ful and  trenchant  pen,  whose  work  won  for  him  gen- 


eral commendation.  His  opinions  were  the  expres- 
sion of  carelul  and  deliberate  thought,  and  gained 
additional  value  because  they  were  known  to  repre- 
sent conscientious  conviction.  In  187G  he  represented 
Adamstown  borough  in  the  Republican  OountyCom- 
mittee,  and  in  that  field,  as  in  his  other  important 
trusts,  marked  his  course  with  competent  judgment 
and  faithful  adherence  to  his  duty.  In  October,  1881, 
he  formed  a  |)artnership  with  Samuel  Prutzman  for 
the  purchase  and  conduct  of  the  store  business  until 
then  carried  on  by  Cyrus  G.  Mohn,  and  by  his  ener- 
getic tact  and  pushing  enterprise  has  placed  the  firm 
in  the  front  rank  of  Adamstown's  merchants.  In 
1882  he  was  chosen  a  director  of  the  Mohnsville 
Building  and  Savings  Association,  and  still  serves. 
The  record  herein  briefly  sketched  tells  in  plain  lan- 
guage the  story  of  an  active  and  useful  career.  For 
a  young  man  Mr.  Fetter  has  gained  a  record  that  not 
many  of  his  age  can  boast.  Since  the  day  when  he 
found  himself  able  to  take  his  place  among  meu,  he 
has  been  not  only  a  worker  but  he  has  been  likewise  a 
leader.  He  has  never  been  content  to  follow  merely, 
but  with  a  commendable  ambition  has  striven  to  step 
out  of  the  beaten  track  and  stand  at  the  front  when- 
ever and  wherever  he  felt  the  public  good  demanded 
an  earnest  advocate.  He  is  a  firm  apostle  of  the  creed 
of  advanced  thought,  and  believes  in  the  theory  of 


actn 


liters  that  tend  to  show 


the  value  of  intelligence  and  enterjirise.  His  aim 
urges  him  to  occupy  a  place  as  a  usehil  citizen,  and 
the  common  verdict  is  that  none  occu]iy  it  more  fully. 


CHAPTER    XXXVI. 

W.\S[IlN(iTON    BOKDl'lill.i 

Site,  Limits,  and  Extent,— Washington  borough 
e.xtends  a  distance  of  one  mile  on  the  east  bank  of  the 
Susquehanna  River,  and  is  surrounded  on  its  north, 
cast,  and  south  sides  by  Manor  township.  It  is  one 
mile  huig  Iroiu  north  to  Miuth,  and  one-fourth  of  a  mile 
wide  Ironi  ea^t  to  west,  and  is  situated  three  miles 
.south  of  Columbia.  A  full  view  is  had  of  Columbia 
and  the  river  as  far  north  as  the  bend  just  south  of 
Jlarietta,  while  a  fine  view  is  also  had  of  the  river  to 
the  southward  as  far  as  the  bend  at  the  upper  end  of 
Turkey  Hill.  There  is  a  large  and  fertile  island  in 
the  river  opposite  Washington,  and  there  are  al.so 
several  small  islands.  The  river  is  fordable  at  some 
points  here  at  certain  times.  The  borough  is  divided 
into  two  wards,  corresponding  to  the  two  original  vil- 
lages of  Washington  and  Charleston,  the  former  vil- 
lage now  comprising  the  lower  or  sontherti  ward,  and 
the  latter  the  upper  or  northern  ward.  The  borough 
is  bounded  on  the  north  by  William  Ortman's  land. 

1  By  I.  S.  Clare. 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


On  the  east  are  the  landa  of  William  Ortnian,  Wil- 
liam Shertzer,  William  Siple,  John  Brush,  Daniel 
Kauffman,  Levi  Haverstick,  and  Jacob  B.  Shuman. 
Isaac  Shultz's  farm — the  old  Blue  Rock  farm- 
touches  the  borough  line  on  the  south.  William 
Ortman  and  Joiin  Brush  own  many  lots  in  the  bor- 
ough, and  Isaac  Shultz  also  owns  several.  The  Co- 
Uimbiaand  Port  Deposit  Railroad,  running  along  tlie 
river  entirely  tlirougli  the  borough,  was  completed  in 
187(3.  The  population  of  Washington  is  now  over 
nine  hundred,  about  one-half  in  each  ward. 

Present  Condition. — Washington  borough  was 
formed  by  consolidating  the  villages  of  Washington 
and  Charleston,  and  was  legally  incorporated  by  act 
of  Assembly,  approved  April  13,  1827.  Wasliing- 
ton  village — originally  Woodstock — was  laid  out  by 
Jacob  Dritt,  first  before  1800,  and  afterward  in  1811. 
Cliarleston  was  laid  out  contemporaneously  by  Joseph 
Charles.  Years  ago  it  was  a  flourisliing  little  town, 
but  it  has  since  deteriorated,  and  only  recently  began 
to  improve.  The  principal  business  features  are  lum- 
ber and  fish.  The  inhabitants  are  generally  an  indus- 
trious class  of  people,  and  nra,ny  of  them  earn  their 
livelihood  by  piloting  rafts  down  the  river,  and  also 
by  farming  tobacco.  Washington  borough  has  at 
present  two  churches,  Methodist  Episcopal  and 
Church  of  God  ;  three  schools,  one  graded  and  two 
primary;  two  hotels,  one  a  temperance  house;  two 
stores,  one  blacksmith-shop  and  edge-tool  factory,  twc 
cigar  factories,  one  confectionery,  one  shoemaker- 
shop,  three  carpenters,  one  plasterer,  and  two  stone- 
masons. 

Past  History  of  this  Locality.— The  upper  part 
of  Charleston— that  part  north  of  the  old  Conesloga 
Manor  line  now  corresponding  to  the  road  leading 
from  Charleston  to  Lancaster— was  a  part  of  the  tract 
granted  to  Chartier,  the  Frencli  Jesuit  and  Indian 
trader,  about  one  hundred  and  seventy-five  years  ago. 
All  the  remainder  of  the  borough  territory  formed  a 
part  of  the  Conestoga  Manor,  as  surveyed  for  the 
Penn  family  by  Jacob  Taylor,  surveyor-general  in 
1717-18.  The  lands  on  the  site  of  the  present  bor- 
ough of  Washington  were  first  surveyed  in  1737,  and 
in  addition  to  all  tiie  northwestern  portion  of  the  old 
Conestoga  Manor,  in  all  about  three  thousand  acres, 
were  for  some  time  retained  by  the  Penn  taiiiily. 
John  Keagy  afterward  settled  in  that  portion  of  the 
Conestoga  Manor,  and  sold  much  of  his  land  to  his 
son-in-law,  Charles  Smith  Sewell,  of  JNIaryland,  who 
sold  this  tract  to  other  parties,  as  will  presently  be 

Founding  of  Washington  and  Charleston.— On 
June  1,  1810,  Charles  Hiuitli  Sewell  and  Ann  Catha- 
rine, his  wife,  sold  one  hundred  and  ten  acres  to 
Jacob  Dritt,  E:,t].,  of  Windsor  township,  York  Co., 
Pa.  There  was  a  spring  of  water  in  the  corner  of 
this  tract.  Upon  this  tract  -Dritt  laid  out  the  l..wn 
of  Washington.  He  scdd  lots  June  11, 1810,  to  J.icul. 
Habecker,  distiller,  and  to  Joseph  Habecker,  pump- 


maker,  one  acre  and  eight   perches,   in    lots   which 
came  to  the  river. 

On  Jan.  11, 1811,  Andrew  Kauftinan,  Esq.,  of  Manor, 
and  Barbara,  his  wife,  and  Charles  Smith  Sewell  and 
George  R.  Stake,  both  of  the  same  place,  both  house 
and  lot  at  corner  of  Lots  Nos.  G  and  7,  Lot  No.  4  being 
a  part  of  the  one  hundred  and  ten  acres  wbicb  Cbarles 
Smith  Sewell  and  Ann  Catharine,  his  wife,  sold  to 
Jacob  Dritt,  of  Windsor  township,  York  Co.  Stake 
sold  to  Sewell  April  11,  1811. 

On  Sept.  10,  1811,  John  B.  Haldeman,  of  Donegal, 

and  Ann,  his  wife,  sold  to  Joseph  Charles,  of  JIanor, 

for  six  thousand  five  hundred  dollars,  a  tract  of  one 

hundred  and  thirty-four  acres,  beginning  at  the  river. 

This  tract  was  part  of  four  tracts,  the  one-half  pari 

j  of  which    Jacob   Gish,  of  Donegal,  and    Mary,  his 

I  wife,  sold  to  John  B.  Haldeman  Dec.  17,  1808.     By 

j  writ  of  partition  the  above-named  tract  was  allotted 

to  John  B.  Haldeman  in  1809.     John  B.  Haldeman 

:  had  married  a  daughter  of  John  Stehman,  who  had 

,  owned  the  land. 

!       On  the  site  of  Washington  the  town  of  Woodstock 
j  had  been  laid  out  Jan.  8,  1807,  as  a  "  free  port,  situ- 
!  ated   on    the   east   bank  of  the  Susquehanna  River, 
I  near  the  Blue  Rock,  in  Manor  township,  in  Lancaster 
I  County."     Jacob  Dritt,  Escp,  of  Windsor  township, 
I  York  Co.,  was  the  proprietor,  and  he  advertised  that 
he  had  laid  out  a  town  containing  three  hundred  lots, 
e.Kclusive  of  four  appropriated  for  public  worship  by 
the  Mennonite,  Presbyterian,  Lutheran,  and  Jlora- 
vian   congregations,  and    one    tor   a   market-house. 
These  lots  were  to  be  sold  by  lottery,  and  were  ad- 
vertised   to   be   drawn    Saturday,   March    14,   1807, 
tickets  S — cash.     The  proprietor  agreed  to  give  eight 
hundred  dollars  cash  to  the  person  who  drew  No.  IG, 
for  the  lot  one  thousand  feet  front  granted   to  the 
public  on  the  river  for  landings.     He  obtained  an  act 
of  Assembly  for  the  privilege  of  erecting  a  bridge 
across  the  Susquejianna  River  at  that  place.    A  ferry 
was  also  to  be  established  here. 

On  July  15,  1811,  Jacob  Dritt  laid  out  a  town  "on 
the  east  bank  of  the  Susquehanna  River,  near  the 
Blue  Rock,  in  Manor  township,  Lancaster  Co." 
This  town  contained  one  hundred  and  twenty-two 
luts,  to  be  disposed  of  by  lottery,  each  ticket  to  draw 
a  lot.  This  was  the  town  of  Woodstock  of  1807,  and 
was  now  named  Washington.  The  lottery  took  place 
and  all  th|e  lots  were  drawn.  Mr.  Dritt  advertised 
that  he  would  meet  the  "  adventurers"  at  the  house 
of  Mrs.  Jeffries,  in  Columbia,  on  the  17th  and  18th 
of  May,  1811,  and  execute  the  titles  for  the  lots.  All 
who  resided  in  Lancaster  or  north  of  that  place  were 
privileged  to  call  on  Henry  Carpenter,  surveyor,  for 
their  titles  after  the  above  date.  Jacob  Dritt  made  a 
will  in  1815,  and  Jes,,-  Roberts  and  tiamucl  Bonliam 
wjre  appointed  his  administrators  for  the  Washington 
lots.  Dritt  was  drowned  while  crussing  the  river  in 
a  boat  in  1822. 

The  town  of  Charleston,  now  constituting  the  upper 


WASHINGTON    BOROUGH. 


655 


ward  of  the  borough  of  Washington,  was  laid  out  by 
Josepli  Cliarles,  Jan.  4,  1811.  It  contained  sixteen 
acres,  divided  into  forty-seven  lots,  sixty  feet  front, 
with  a  spring  at  the  south  side.  This  town  was  in 
Manor  township,  seven  hundred  feet  along  the  east 
hanks  of  the  Susquehanna  River,  three  miles  south  of 
Columbia.  The  lots  were  laid  out  by  Joseph  Charles, 
and  were  sixty  by  one  hundred  and  eighty  feet.  The 
wedge-shaped  tract  of  land  to  the  north  of  Charleston, 
separating  that  village  from  that  of  Fairview,  was 
owned  by  a  man  named  Scott,  who  afterwards  sold 
his  land  to  the  late  Henry  Ortman,  and  it  is  now 
owned  by  the  hitter's  son,  William  Ortman. 

Joseph  Charles  had  bought  the  lower  part  of  the  I 
tract  upon  which  Charleston   was  built  from   John  I 
Stehman.     He  had  bought  the  upper  part  from  John  I 
B.  Haldeman,  of  Donegal,  who  had  married  a  daugh- 
ter of  Stehman,  the  previous  owner  of  that    tract. 
That  part  of  Charleston  north  of  Lancaster  Street 
was  laid  out  first.     Joseph   Charles  advertised   lots 
Jan.  4  and  Aug.  16,  1811.     The  lots  were  drawn  by 
lottery  Sept.  6,  1811.  and  were  assigned  to  lot-holders 
Sept.  27,  1811.     Un  Oct.  6,  1811,  one  hundred  and 
forty-three  parchment  deeds  were  ordered.     Joseph 
Charles  died  in  1814.     The  bulk-  of  Charles'  lots  were 
drawn  by  Chester  County  people, — the  Greenes,  the 
Micheners,  the  Robertses  and  the  Mendenhalls. 

Early  Progress— Washington  Borough.— In  the 
several  decade-  alter  their  loundatiun,  the  villages  of 
Washington  and  Charleston  made  considerable  pro- 
gress, and  many  new  buildings  were  erected.  There 
was  great  speculation  in  building  and  in  buying  and 
selling  lots  from  1811  to  1820.  This  speculation  was 
prosperous  for  a  time,  and  lots  brouglit  from  twelve 
hundred  to  fourteen  hundred  dollars  ;  but  eventm^lly 
disaster  came,  and  many  were  reduced  to  bankruptcy 
and  ruin.  The  villages  of  Washington  and  Charles- 
ton were  incorporated  as  the  borough  of  Washington 
by  act  of  Assembly,  approved  April  13,  1827.  There 
were  not  many  new  buildings  from  1820  to  1860,  and 
there  was  a  stagnation  of  about  thirty  years  until 
about  the*time  of  the  breaking  out  of  the  late  war. 
There  has  been  some  progress  of  late  in  building,  and 
the  most  substantial  and  costly  buildings  have  been 
erected  in  recent  years.  The  best  buildings  have  been 
erected  since  18G0.  There  have  been  more  new  build- 
ings erected  in  the  la>t  five  or  >ix  years  than  iji  twenty 
years  before. 

Washington,  Past  and  Present— In  the  earlier 
days  of  Washington — in  the  days  of  its  prosperity — 
its  leading  business  men  were  Jesse  Roberts,  lumber- 
man ;  John  Herr,  Cieorge  Brush,  Joseph  Green, 
Rhinehart  IMicbener,  store-keepers;  Joseph  Shock, 
and  others.'  Dr.  Benjamin  Green  was  a  physician  in 
CJKirlcston  about  ISjll.  There  were  then  from  twelve 
to  fourteen  hotels  in  the  town.  The  river  was  at  tli^it 
time,  each  spring,  lined  with  rafts  for  four  mile-,  Mfl 
these  hotels  were  rec|Hiied  for  the  accomniodatiioi  ul 
the  raftsmen.     In  the  days  of  Washington's  pro>per- 


ity  there  were  a  great  number  of  coopers  in  the  town, 
where  none  are  now  to  be  found. 

William  Ortman,  Isaac  Sliultz,  and  John  Brush, 
the  Matter  two  now  residing  outside  the  borough  lim- 
its, are  the  chief  tobacco-growers.  The  Colunibia  and 
Port  Deposit  Railroad,  which  runs  through  the  town, 
along  the  river,  was  finished  in  1870.  The  population 
of  the  borough  is  now  over  nine  liundred.  Washing- 
ton at  present  pays  fifty  dollars  per  month  to  each  of 
its  three  teachers,  employing  only  such  teachers  as 
hold  permanent  certificates  or  diplomas  from  normal 
schools,  and  has  a  school  term  of  six  months  in  each 
year.  The  present  burgess  of  Washington  is  George 
Roberts.  The  justices  of  the  peace  are  Harvey  Brush, 
son  of  John  Brush,  and  S.  B.  Urban.  Joseph  Miller, 
store-keeper,  is  at  present  (1883)  postmaster.  The 
leading  citizens  of  Washington  borough  in  recent 
years  have  been  William  Ortman,  tobacco  farmer  and 
owner  of  a  large  pro|ierty  in  and  north  of  the  bor- 
ough ;  John  Brush,  justice  of  the  peace  for  a  long 
time,  and  also  school  director  and  a  large  property- 
owner  in  and  out  of  the  borough,  now  living  just  east 
of  the  borough  limits,  on  the  road  from  Charleston  to 
Lancaster. 

Present  Business  Men  and  Tradesmen.- John 
Brush  and  William  Ortman  are  large  property-own- 
ers in  the  borough.  Drs.  Binkley  and  Grey  are  prac- 
ticing physicians.  Andrew  Kane  keeps  a  hotel  in  the 
Lower  Ward,  and  Henry  Wertz  keeps  a  temperance 
hotel  and  summer  resort  in  the  Upper  Ward.  The 
business  men  and  mechanics  are  Josepii  Miller,  store- 
keeper and  postmaster,  and  Charles  Doerstler,  store- 
keepers; William  Jlann,  confectioner  an<i  tailor; 
George  Evans,  shoemaker ;  Lewis  Green,  Abram  Kil- 
liard,  and  Henry  Kise,  carpenters  ;  Enumucl  Fishel, 
plasterer;  John  D.  Baker  and  Uriah  Douglas,  stone- 
masons ;  Henry  Mellinger,  blacksmith  and  edge-tool 
manufacturer;  A.  G.  Kise  and  Brown  &  Wilson, 
cigar  manufacturers.  Levi  Haverstick  has  a  lumber- 
yard and  a  sa\v-  and  planiiig-mill  just  north  of  the 
borough  limits,  and  Jo^el)h  K.  Shultz&  Brother  have 
a  coal-  and  lumber-yard  just  south  of  the  borough,  on 
the  Blue  Rock  I'arm,  owned  by  his  father,  Isaac  Shultz. 
Lumber,  Fishing,  and  Tobacco-Farming.— In 
the  old  prosperous  days  of  rafting  the  lumber  trade 
was  the  most  active  line  of  business  in  Washington, 
and  there  were  large  lumber-yards  in  the  place.  In 
the  earlier  days  of  ibis  town  Jesse  Roberts  was  a  large 
lumber  dealer.  Atterwards  Louis  Urban  had  a  large 
lumber-yard.  Other  lumbermen  were  Washington 
Wrighter,  Daniel  Nelf,  and  House  &  Shuman.  From 
about  1800  to  1875,  Julius  L.  Shuman,  who  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  Legislature  in  1873,  had  an  extensive 
lumber  yard  here.  At  pre-ent,  Joseph  K.  Slniltz  .t 
Brother  have  a  lumber-  and  loal-yard  on  their  father's 
Blue  Ituck  farm,  just  south  of  the  bnrijugh  limits. 
Levi  Haverstick  has  a  steam  -aw-  and  [ihuiing-niill, 
and  a  lumber-yard  just  north  of  the  borough  liniif^. 
Fishin;;  has  al-o  been  one  of  the  means  of  earmni;  a 


HISTORY   OF  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


livelihood  by  many  residents  of  this  place.  Great 
quantities  of  bass  are  caught,  and  they  supply  the 
markets  of  Columbia,  Lancaster,  and  the  surrounding 
country.  As  rafting  began  to  decline,  tobacco-l'arm- 
ing  became  a  means  of  support  fur  many  of  the  citi- 
zens nf  this  town.  The  most  successful  tobacco- 
growers  have  been  Isaac  Shultz  and  his  sons,  William 
Orcman,  and  John  Brush,  who  have  realized  large 
profits  from  the  sale  of  their  crops. 

Rafting. — For  a  considerable  period  half  a  century 
ago,  wliLMi  rafting  was  at  its  beiglit  on  the  Susque- 
hanna, Wasliington  was  an  enterprising  little  town, 
and  was  noted  as  a  stopping-place  for  raftsmen. 
There  were  then  from  twelve  to  lourteen  hotels  in 
the  place.  The  river  in  the  vicinity  was  lined  with 
rafts  for  three  or  four  miles.  Timber  and  lumber 
were  bronglit  down  the  river  in  rafts.  Boards,  shin- 
gles, and  laths  were  brought  down  the  river  in  arks, 
as  were  also  wheat,  oats,  coal,  and  pig-iron,  .\fter 
1840  rafting  gradually  declined,  and  witliin  the  last 
ten  years  very  little  has  been  done  in  that  line  of 
business,  once  so  conducive  to  the  prosperity  of 
Washington  borough,  many  of  whose  inliabitant^ 
earned  their  liveliliood  by  this  occupation.  Some  of 
the  raftsmen  took  their  horses  and  mules  along  on 
the  rafts  for  the  pur|)ose  of  riding  back  to  their 
homes,  while  many  walked  when  they  returned. 

Great  Freshets. — Washington  borough  has  suf- 
fered at  various  times  in  the  past  from  the  destruc- 
tive effects  of  ice  and  water-freshets.  A  water-freshet 
in  1832  took  away  Jacob  Manning's  distillery.  The 
streets  were  covered  with  water  sufhciently  deep  to 
admit  tiie  sailing  of  l)oats.  The  ice  freshet  of  1873 
also  came  U[)  into  the  streets  and  caused  considerable 
damage. 

Churches. — There  are  at  present  only  two  church 
congregations  in  Washington  borougli, —  Methodist 
Episcopal  and  Church  of  God.  Tliere  were  at  one 
time  in  the  past  four  denominations  in  the  place, — 
Methodist  Episcopal,  Church  of  God,  Evangelical, 
and  Presbyterian.  But  the  latter  two  congregations 
have  gradually  dwindled  down  and  ceased  to  exist. 
The  old  Blue  Presbyterian  Church  was  built  about 
1S26,  the  building  being  put  up  by  Israel  Cooper. 
For  a  long  time  the  Presbyterians  of  Washington 
borough  worshiped  in  this  building.  The  congrega- 
tion of  the  Church  of  God  in  Washington  at  a  later 
period  rented  the  church  from  tlie  Presbyterians. 
The  building  was  hought  by  Mr.  John  Brush,  and 
torn  down  by  him  in  1861,  after  having  for  some 
time  been  used  as  a  tobacco-house.  Tiie  Evangelical 
congregation  in  Washington  borough  built  a  frame 
edifice  for  worship  about  1838,  the  work  being  done 
by  JoAeph  Stoner.  The  Evangelical  congregation 
gradually  dwindling  down,  this  building  was  also 
purcliased  by  John  Brush,  and  has  likewise  been 
used  as  a  tobacco-house.  The  Methodists  of  Wash- 
ington erected  a  frame  edifice  for  religious  sen  ice 
about    1837,    the    building    being    put   u\)    by    .John 


Steiner.  This  building  was  torn  down  in  1848,  and 
a  brick  edifice  was  erected  in  its  stead.  It  was  re- 
built in  1872.  The  congregation  of  the  Cluirch  of 
God  in  Washington  erected  a  house  of  worship  in 
1845,  the  work  being  done  by  Jacob  Manning.-  The 
old  edifice  was  torn  down  when  the  present  one  was 
built. 

General  Character  ofWashington.— Washington 
and  (Jhariestuii  were  regidarly  laid  out  in  streets  and 
alleys,  and  these  remain  as  they  were  originally  laid 
out.  The  borough  limits  are  mainly  confined  within 
iracts  laid  out  by  Dritt  and  Charles  in  ISU.  The  old 
buildings  of  the  town  are  mostly  frame  structures,  but 
there  have  been  some  new  substantial  brick  buildings 
erected  in  recent  years. 


CHAPTER    XXXVII. 

STKASBUKG    BOKOUiiH.' 

The  borough  of  Strasburg  is  located  about  nine 
miles  southeast  of  Lancaster  City,  with  which  it  is 
connected  by  an  e.xcellent  turnpike  road.  It  is  situ- 
ated on  an  elevaK-d  ridge  of  the  richest  limestone 
soil,  its  greatest  length  from  east  to  west  being  nearly 
two  miles,  while  its  greatest  width  from  north  to  south 
is  less  than  one-fourth  of  a  mile.  On  account  of  its 
peculiar  situation  tlie  drainage  of  the  town  is  natu- 
rally very  good,  and  the  place  is  very  healthy. 

The  history  of  Strasburg,  owing  to  want  of  records 
previous  to  its  incorporation,  must  of  necessiiy  re- 
njain  hidden  beneath  the  veil  of  obscurity.  Tradi- 
tion tells  us  that  the  first  dwelling  in  the  town  was 
built  in  or  about  the  year  1733  by  one  Hoffman,  and 
that  it  soon  became  considerable  of  a  village,  fre- 
quently passing  oinder  the  name  of  Bettleliausen 
(Beggar-houses). 

By  an  act  of  Assembly  passed  March  13,  181(5,  the 
town  of  Strasburg  was  erected  into  the  "  Borough  of 
Strasburg,  bounded  and  limited  as  follow.s,  viz.:  Be- 
ginning at  a  slonc  the  corner  of  \Vidow  Ilerr's  land, 
thence  along  laiuls  of  George  Lefever  and  John 
llowery  south  seventy-four  degrees  west  two  liundred 
and  six  perches  and  eight-tenths  of  a  perch  to  a 
stone;  thence  along  lands  of  John  Howery  north  six- 
teen degrees  west  forty-nine  perches  and  a  half  of  a 
perch  to  a  stone;  thence  along  lands  of  John  Kindig, 
Widow  Longenecker,  Tobias  Herr,  and  Henry  Breck- 
bill  south  seventy-four  degrees  west  two  hundred  and 
seventy-six  perches  and  one-half  of  a  perch  to  apost; 
thence  along  lands  of  .fohn  l\indig  and  John  Breck- 
bill  south  fifteen  degrees  and  one-quarter  of  a  di--i\o 
east  one  hundred  and  thirty  perclies  toastone  ;  tlience 
along  lands  of  Jacob  Fritz  and  John   Funk  north 


Hy  U.  G.  Book,  Eaq. 


STRASBURG   BOROUGH. 


657 


seventy-four  degrees  east  two  hundred  and  thirtj'- 
nine  perches  and  one-third  of  ii  perch  to  a  stone  ;  j 
tlience  along  hinds  of  said  John  Funk  south  seven- 
teen degrees  east  thirty-nine  perches  and  one-luilf  of 
a  percli  to  a  stone  ;  thence  along  Abraham  Graff's 
land  north  seventy-fivo  degrees  and  three-fourths  of  a 
degree  east  two  linndred  and  forty  perches  and  <ine- 
lialf  of  a  perch  to  a  stone;  thence  along  lands  of 
Widow  Herr  north  fifteen  degrees  west  one  hundred 
and  twenty-nine  perches  and  one-half  of  a  perch  to 
the  place  of  beginning." 

According  to  the  provisions  of  the  second  section 
of  the  charter  the  qualified  voters  of  the  borough  were 
directed  to  meet  at  the  public-house  of  Thomas  Grau- 
ford,  in  said  borough,  on  the  first  Tuesday  in  April 
ne.xt  following,  "and  then  and  there,  between  the 
hours  of  one  and  sl.x  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  elect  by 
ballot  one  citizen  residing  therein,  who  shall  be  styled 
the  chief  burgess,  and  one  other  citizen  who  shall  be 
styled  the  assistant  burgess,  and  seven  citizens  who 
shall  be  styled  a  Town  Council,  and  one  citizen  who 
shall  be  styled  the  high  constable,  all  of  whiun  shall 
be  residents  of  said  borough." 

From  the  minutes  of  the  Council  it  is  learned  that 
at  said  election  the  following  officers  were  elected  : 
Chief  Burgess,  James  Whitchill  ;  Assistant  Burgess, 
Jacob  Miller;  Town  Council,  Nathaniel  W.  Sample, 
Thomas  Crawford,  John  Connelly,  Robert  Spencer, 
Peter  Holl,  Samuel  Miller,  and"  William  Ilange; 
High  Constable,  John  Marklcy.  At  the  lirst  meet- 
ing of  the  Council,  George  Holfman  was  treasurer, 
and  Martin  Fouts  clerk. 

The  minutes  of  the  Coiwicil  as  kept  by  the  clerk, 
Mr.  Fouts,  are  a  marvel  of  neatness  and  legibility. 

The  Council  held  its  regular  meetings  at  the  public- 
house  of  Thomas  Crawford,  on  the  mirlhwest  court 
(if  Centre  Sijuare,  which  has  since  been  greatly  en- 
larged, and  has  for  many  years  been  occupied  as  a 
dwelling  and  general  store  by  C.  Rowe,  who  several 
years  ago  was  succeeded  by  D.  K.  Landis,  and  is  one 
•  of  the  largest  and  best-conducted  country  stores  in 
the  county. 

Soon  after  the  incorporation  the  Town  Council 
turned  its  attention  to  the  improvement  of  the  streets 
and  pavements,  and  the  former  were  macadamized 
with  stone  and  the  latter  were  [laved  with  jjine  plank, 
which  were  soon  found  to  be  rather  unsatislactory 
on  account  of  the  frequent  repairs  which  wire 
needed.  Wooden  pavements  were,  however,  made 
until  about  ten  years  ago,  when  the  Town  Council  by 
resolution  prohibited  their  construction,  and  directed 
that  all  pavements  thereafter  made  should  be  made 
of  brick  or  stone.  This  resolution  seemed  to  stop  all 
paving  for  several  years,  and  the  wooden  pavements 
continued  to  wear  out,  until  in  many  cases, they  were 
worse  than  none  at  all,  and  what  seemed  to  aggravate 
the  pavement  trouble  was  the  fact  that  a  large  por- 
tion of  the  town  was  paved  on  only  one  side  •.!  the 
street.    Finally,  in  ISSl,  some  of  the  more  enteri. rising 


of  the  citizens  interested  themselves  in  the  election  of 
borough  officers  who  would  enforce  the  resolution  of 
the  previous  Councils,  and  were  successful  at  the 
jJoHs,  and  the  following  year  succeeded  in  re-electing 
the  same  officers,  and  as  a  result  the  olif  wooden 
pavements  have  nearly  all  disajjpeared,  and  the  town 
is  now  paved  throughout  its  entire  length  with  sub- 
stantial brick  pavements,  and  it  is  thought  it  may  be 
called  one  of  the  best  paved  towns  in  the  State. 

The  business  interests  of  the  town  are  represented 
by  one  national  bank,  with  a  capital  of  .SSO.fiOo,  rep- 
resented by  eighty  shares  of  a  par  value  of  i^lUO,  which 
are  ncjw  selling  at  $14.")  per  share  (Joseph  McClure 
is  the  president,  ajid  George  W.  Hensel,  Jr.,  is  the 
cashier);  seven  general  stores,  one  hardware-store, 
three  hotels,  one  restaurant,  one  jewelry-store,  one 
drug-store,  one  saddlery,  three  confectioneries,  three 
tin-shojjs,  two  wagon-maker  shops,  three  blacksmith- 
shops,  two  furniture  manu lactones,  one  shoe-store,  one 
extensive  bakery,  a  printing-office,  five  cigar  numu- 
factories  working  from  five  to  thirty  hands,  one  livery- 
stable,  and  various  other  smaller  enterprises. 

Strasburg,  too,  has  its  railroad,  connecting  it  with 
the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  at  Leaman  Place.  The 
charter  for  this  road  was  procured  about  the  year 
1832,  and  work  was  commenced  upon  it,  but  about 
the  time  the  grading  was  finished  the  funds  became 
e.Khausted  and  the  entcrjirise  seemed  about  to  fail ; 
but  after  yeara  of  waiting  and  hoping  new  life  was 
infused  in"tu  the  enterprise,  and  the  road  was  com- 
plcte.l  and  put  ill  rnniinig  order  in  1851.  About  ten 
years  later  it  met  with  its  second  fiiumcial  embarrass- 
ment, and  the  whole  concern  went  into  the  hands  of 
the  sherilf  ami  was  sold  by  him,  the  stockholders  re- 
seven  dollars  on  each  share  of  one  hun- 
At  the  sherill's  sale  it  was  purchased 
:ce  IhiiitoM,  in  trust  for  himself  and 
,il,  Cyrus  N.  ilcrr,  John  F.  llcrr,  John 
Iciiry  .Mussc-lman,  lion.  Thomas  E. 
Franklin,  Hon.  Thaddeus  t>tevens,  John  S.  Ken- 
eagy,  Davis  Gyger,  Henry  Mu.sser,  Hon.  ().  J.  Dickey, 
Robert  M.  Girvin,  John  Mns.selman,  John  Miller,  D. 
G.  EshleuKin,  Abram  E-hleman,  Samuel  Keneagy, 
Bower  &  Holl,  Jacob  Bacliman,  John  Bachman,  and 
B.  B.  Gunder,  lor  the  .sUiii  of  thirteen  thousand  d.d- 
lars. 

The  partners  one  after  another  sold  out  their  re- 
spective interests  in  the  same  to  John  F.  Herr  and 
Cyrus  N.  Herr,  until  they  owned  the  whole  road 
jointly.  Jn  Isiiil  tiny  took  into  the  partnership  A. 
j\[.  Herr,  and  ihr  business  was  carried  on  under  the 
name  of  Herr  tt  Co.  .Vbout  this  time  they  connected 
with  the  railroad  depot  a  large  steam  flouring-mill, 
and  a  "few  years  after  attached  a  large  planing-mill 
and  machine-shop,  in  which  a  large  business  was 
done  until  Jan.  Itj,  1871,  when  the  whole  building 
was  destroyed  by  fire,  entailing  immense  loss  upon 
the  eu;er|irisiiig  owners.  On  the  return  of  sjiring 
they  commenced   rebuilding,  and   erected   a   very  line 


cei 

ving  abou 

drc 

.1  d 

.liar.. 

hv 

11. 

n.    Fe 

He 
E. 

nr.\ 

Brack 

658 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


railroad  depot,  machine-shop,  and  ])hining-n)ill,  hut 
did  not  rebuild  the  merchant  flouring-niill.  j 

Unfortunately  for  the  business  interests  of  the  com-  j 
nuinity,  and  the  town  of  Strasburg  in  particular,  the  , 
firm  never  recovered  from  their  loss,  and  the  finan-  ' 
cial  crash  and  business  depression  of  1873  coming  so 
closely  upon  the  heels  of  their  disaster,  the  firm  were 
compelled  to  make  an  assignment  in  April,  1875,  to 
Isaac   Phenegar,   who  at   the   time  served   them    in  , 
the  capacity  of  book-keeper.     At  the  assignee's  sale 
the  road,  depot,  and  rolling-stock  was  purchased  by 
Thomas  and  Henry  Baumgardner,  ol' Lancaster  City, 
lor  the  sum  of  twelve  thousand  seven  hundred  and  , 
twenty-five  dollars,  and  they  have  since  leased  tlie 
road  to   Isaac  Phenegar,  who  has  operated  it  since  | 
April  1,  1876,  at  a  paying  profit.  j 

JIany  years  ago,  when  all  the  freighting  between 
Philadelphia  and  the  interior  towns  was  done  by 
C'onestoga  wagons,  Strasburg  was  one  of  the  |)rin- 
cipal  sto])ping  stations,  and  tlie  town  contained  some- 
times as  many  as  eight  and  ten  hotels,  and  about  as 
many  stores,  but  since  better  modes  of  communica- 
tion and  travel  have  been  devised  many  people  do 
much  of  their  purchasing  in  the  larger  cities  of  Lan- 
caster and  Philadelphia. 

Education. — From  its  earliest  days  Strasburg  has 
given   much  attention  to  education,  and   has  taken  a 
leading  |)osition  in  educational  matters.     Prior  to  the 
nineteenth  century  teaching  was  mostly  done  by  itin- 
erant teachers   going  from  house  to   house.     About 
1808  a  brick  building  now  standing  was  built  on  the 
east  side  of  Nortli   Jackson  Street  by  private  contri- 
bution, which  was  incorporated  by  an  act  of  the  Leg- 
islature a  few  years  after.     This  school  was  taught  in  j 
its  best  days  by  a  William  Mackey,  assisted  by  his 
sister,  and  was  largely  attended  by  iiu|)ils  from  the 
town  and  surrounding  country.  Another  brick  build- 
ing of  about  the  same  dimensions  and  similar  in  gen-  , 
eral  appearance  stands   about   fifty  yards    from    the  I 
south  side  of  East  Main  Street,  which  was  built  some  | 
time  after  the  enactment  of  the  free  school  system  ; 
both  are  now  occupied  as  dwellings. 

The  statement  may  be  startling  that  the  Pennsyl- 
vania free  school  system  is  a  Strasburg  idea.  In  Jan- 
uary, 1831,  discussion  arose  in  the  store  of  (ieorge 
llolfinan,  Esq.,  one  of  the  most  prominent  residents 
of  the  borough,  of  whom  more  will  be  said  hereafter, 
which  led  to  a  call  for  a  public  meeting  in  Jackson 
Street  school-house,  at  which  George  Difi'enbaugh 
acted  as  chairman,  and  James  McPhail,  Esq.,  as  sec- 
retary. This  meeting  sent  the  first  petition  to  the 
Legislature  in  favor  of  general  education,  resulting 
in  the  passage  of  the  act  of  1831,  appropriating  cer- 
tain moneys  towards  the  establishment  of  public 
schools  at  some  future  time.  The  citizens  of  Stra.s- 
burg,  and  particularly  those  who  attended  this  meet- 
ing, never  lost  sight  of  the  measure  until  the  free 
school  system  of  Pennsylvania  was  formally  e»l,ib- 
lished  in  1835. 


Strasburg  Academy.— In  183(1  was  founded  the 
Strasburg  Academy,  with  Kev.  David  McCarter,  A.M., 
as  principal.  The  school  was  established  on  the 
])remises  now  occupied  by  Daniel  Greiner,  on  Eiist 
Mam  Street,  to  which  was  attached  the  academy 
proper  Jjy  Richard  B.  Groff,  now  a  resident  of  the 
State  of  Iowa.  This  school  was  very  largely  attended 
by  young  men  from  all  ])art3  of  the  United  States 
and  even  from  the  West  Indies.  After  a  prosperous 
existence  of  about  twenty  years  it  began  to  decline. 
About  this  time  Mr.  McCarter  resigned  or  sold  out, 
and  a  new  higli  school  building  had  been  erected, 
which  circumstances  drew  largely  upon  its  patronage, 
and  the  institution  became  non-paying.  In  1804  or 
1865  it  was  converted  into  a  Soldiers'  Orphans'  School 
for  a  short  time  ;  after  that  time  it  was  occupied  by  the 
Misses  Girvin  as  a  private  school  for  a  few  years.  In 
1873  it  was  torn  down  and  converted  into  a  dwelling. 

In  the  year  1856  was  erected  on  North  Jackson 
Street  the  Strasburg  High  School  building,  which 
was  considered  a  fine  building  and  large  enough  for 
the  accommodation  of  the  children  of  the  borough. 
Previous  to  this,  or  rather  at  the  time  of  the  enact- 
ment of  tlie  free  school  system,  the  Strasburg  borough 
school  district  had  come  into  possession  of  the  two 
buildings  above  alluded  to  by  purchase.  These  three 
buildings  were  sufficient  for  the  educational  require- 
ments of  the  borough  until  1870,  when  a  large  and 
imposing  two-story  brick  structure  was  erected  on  the 
south  side  of  Franklin  Street,  west  of  Fulton. 

This  building  accommodates  all  the  schools  of  the 
borough,  divided  into  first  and  primary,  grammar  lyid 
liigh  school,  each  having  a  separate  teacher,  with  a 
superintendent  or  priiici|>'al  who  has  charge  of  the 
whole. 

The  Strasburg  High  School  has  been  in  charge  of 
Professor  Charles  B.  Keller  since'1872,  and  ranks  as 
one  of  the  best  in  the  State,  being  almost  self-sustain- 
ing from  tuition  fees  of  pupils  attending  from  without 
the  district. 

In  the  school  building  is  a  very  excellent  reference 
library,  placed  there  at  a  cost  of  more  than  a  thou- 
sand dollars.  Since  1876  from  five  to  eight  young 
ladies  and  gentlemen  have  graduated  from  the  high 
school  annually,  most  of  whom  have  since  taught 
very  acceptably  throughout  the  county.  The  annual 
attendance  at  all  tlie  schools  of  the  borough  is  about 
two  hundred  and  twenty-five. 

.  Religion  and  Churches.— While  it  is  probable 
that  the  people  of  Strasburg  as  a  rule  were  not  an  irre- 
ligious or  godless  people,  yet  it  is  the  fact  that  there 
are  no  well  authenticated  church  records  of  the 
borough  before  1812,  when  the  Lutheran  Church  on 
East  Main  Street  was  built.  The  donor  of  the  ground 
upon  which  this  church  stands  lies  buried  heneath 
the  sidewalk  in  front  of  the  church. 

The  church  was  built  by  lottery,  and  one  old  man 
now  living  says  that  he  drew  the  sum  of  fifty  dollars 
at  the  drawing  upon  a  ticket  purchased  by  his  father, 


STRASBUKG    BOROUGH. 


659 


he  being  but  six  years  old  at  llie  time.  It  is  n  large 
two-story  brick  structure,  with  gallery  and  organ-loft, 
in  which  is  a  pipe-organ  made  by  one  Michael  With- 
ers, residing  in  the  neighborhood.  Rev.  J.  J.  Sliiiie 
was  its  pastor  from  the  time  of  its  erection  until  the 
time  of  his  death.  It  was  also  occupied  by  the 
Methodists  at  the  time  of  its  erection,  but  the  iioi-^e 
made  by  them  at  the  time  of  their  revivals  was  tdo 
much  for  their  Lutheran  brethren,  and  they  were 
obliged  to  seek  other  quarters.  A  large  brick  steeple 
had  at  one  time  been  erected  at  the  east  end  of  the 
church,  but  when  it  had  reached  a  few  feet  above 
the  roof  of  the  church  proper  the  funds  were  e.x- 
bausted,  and  in  a  few  years  after  it  was  torn  down 
and  the  material  was  used  for  tlie  construction  of  the 
Strasburg  Academy. 

About  1815  the  "  Old  Jlethodist  Church,"  as  it  is 
now  called,  was  erected  at  the  soutii  end  of  South 
Decatur  Street,  which  was  occupied  by  the  congrega- 
tion until  1839,  when  a  new  and  larger  edifice  was 
erected  on  West  Main  Street.  In  ISliS  this  was 
found  to  be  too  small,  and  an  attachment  w.l>  built 
to  it,  and  it  was  otherwise  renovated  and  inipniveil 
in  tlie  interior. 

The  Presbyterians  likewise  held  their  first  meet- 
ings in  the  Lutheran  Church,  and  for  some  years 
acted  without  any  regular  organization.  In  1832, 
November  21st,  a  meeting  Wiis  lield  which  resulted  in 
the  election  and  final  ordination  of  William  Russel 
and  David  Shirk  as  ruling  elders,  and  the  church 
edifice  now  standing  on  the  corner  of  South  Decatur 
and  Franklin  Streets  was  soon  afterwards  erected 
upon  land  jmrchased  of  David  Shirk.  The  pastors 
who  have  served  the  church  are  Revs.  Joseph  Rarr, 
David  McCarter,  Solomon  McNair,  J.  M.  Ritten- 
house,  John  R.  Kugler,  John  McNair,  D.  D.  Henry, 
E.  Spayd,  R.  K.  M.  Baynuin,  and  Ezra  Haney,  the 
present  incumbent.  The  (iresent  trustees  are  Josiah 
A.  Martin,  D.D.S.,  William  Spencer,  Martin  Dru- 
linger,  Jacob  Bachman,  and  John  Girvin. 

In  1871  the  United  Brethren  in  Christ  purchased 
the  old  Methodist  Church  and  renovated  it,  and  held 
services  in  it  until  1881,  when  debts  had  accumulated 
upon  them  to  such  an  extent  that  they  were  obliged 
to  sell  it,  the  Good  Templars  becoming  the  purchasers, 
who  converted  it  into  a  temperance  hall  by  enlarging 
and  otherwise  improving  it. 

In  1870,  when  the  school  board  sold  the  Jackson 
Street  school  buildings,  they  were  purcluised  by  Dr. 
Benjamin  Musser,  who  afterwards  conveyed  the  high 
school  building  to  the  Reformed  Mennonite  Church, 
that  has  since  held  services  therein. 

Public  Hall.— In  the  northeast  corner  of  Centre 
Square  stands  Massasoit  Hall,  a  large  three-story 
hrick  building,  the  third  story  of  which  is  occupied 
by  two  secret  beneficial  societies,— the  Independent 
Order  of  Odd-Fellows  and  the  Junior  Order  of  Uaiud 
American  Mechanics. 

In  1870,  George  B'.  Eager  commenced  publishing 


the  Slrasbuiy  Free  Press,  a  weekly  paper,  and  con- 
tinued as  editor  until  Jan.  1,  1879,  when  he  sold  the 
concern  to  J.  W.  Sandoe,  wdio  continued  the  paper 
until  December,  1881,  when  it  was  sold  by  the  sherifl' 
to  .'.  G.  Sutton.  The  office  remained  closed  until 
.March,  1882,  when  George  B.  Eager  again  purchased 
it,  and  has  since  been  doing  only  a  job  business. 

literary  and  debating'  societies  have  at  various 
times  flourished  here,  and  have  been  largely  attended, 
[irobably  the  most  successful  seasons  being  those  of 
1880,  1881,  and   1882,  when  meetings  were  held  in 

I  Massasoit   Hall,   which    has   at   times  been   densely 

'  packed  by  spectators.  There  also  existed  at  one  time 
many  years  ago  a  scientific  society,  but  its  records,  if 
ever  there  were  any,  are  lost. 

Burying-Places. — Within  the  borough  limits  there 
are  no  less  than  i\\e  burying-places,  namely,  one  Lu- 
theran, one  Presbyterian,  two  Methodist,  and  the 
Strasburg  Cemetery,  inclosing  about  two  and  one- 
half  acres,  which  is  by  far  the  largest  and  best  regu- 

I  lated.  Several  large  and  costly  monuments  adorn  its 
inclosure,  and  in  the  early  season,  when  trees  bedeck 
themselves  in  living  green  and  flowers  bloom  their 
prettiest,  it  is  a  beautiful  i)lace. 

Noteworthy  People. — Among  noteworthy  individ- 
uals of  Strasburg  bon.ugh  may  be  mentioned  Thomas 

[  H.  Burrowes,  who  was  born  Nov.  IG,  1805,  in  a  small 
house,  a  few  doors  west  of  Centre  Square,  which  was 
torn  ddWH  abnut  the  year  1870  by  David  Reese,  ou 

I  the  site  of  which  stands  the  house  now  owned  by 
Christian  Kreider.  He  received  a  liberal  education 
at  Quebec  and  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  Ireland,  where 
his  parents  rcsi<led  for  some  years.  In  1831  he  was 
elected  to  the  House  of  Representatives,  and  was  re- 
electe<l  in  1832.  Being  a  Whig,  and  that  party  being 
in  the  minority  in  the  House,  he  did  not  attain  to  any 
leading  distinction.  In  1835,  when  his  party  came 
into  power  by  the  election  of  Joseph  Ritner  as  Gov- 
ernor, he  was  called  to  the  office  of  Secretary  of  the 
Commonwealth,  ta  which  the  siiperintendency  of  com- 
mon schools  was  then  ex  officio  attached.  From  this 
time  Mr.  Burrowes  made  the  work  of  popular  educa- 
tion a  most  careful  study,  and  prepared  a  revised 
school  bill,  which  was  adopted  by  the  Legislature  in 
183G,  and  iVniii  that  time  bent  all  his  energies  to  the 
execiitidii  ot  the  law.  In  1837  he  published  a  plan 
and  drawing  for  the  improvement  of  school-houses 
and  furniture  wdiich  was  widely  used. 

In  1839,  (ipon  the  retirement  of  Governor  Ritner 
and  the  advent  of  a  different  administration,  the 
su])erintendeiicy  of  common  schools  passed  into  other 
hands,  and  Mr.  Burrowes  returned  to  Lancaster  and 
devoted  the  next  seven  years  of  lii-s  life  to  agricultu- 
ral [lursuits  on  his  farm  near  Lancaster.  Owing  to 
pecuniary  losses  he  was  obliged  to  sell  this  in  18-15, 
and  he  returned  to  his  profession  as  a  lawyer. 

In  January,  1850,  at  the  convention  of  the  friends 

I  of  education,  held  at  Harrisburg,  he  was  temporary 

1  chairman,  and  acted  as   chairman  of  the  committee 


660 


HISTORY  OF  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


"to  consider  the  best  means  of  invigorating  tlie  gen- 
eral superintendence  of  the  common  school  system, 
harmonizing  its  local  operations  and  spreading  the 
knowledge  of  its  true  nature"  and  benefits,  its  prog- 
ress and  necessities,  the  report  of  which  committee 
recommended  the  establishment  of  a  separate  State 
department  of  education  and  the  publication  of  a 
monthly  educational  State  journal  for  the  dissemina- 
tion of  matters  |)ertaining  to  the  interests  of  educa- 
tion among  the  friends  of  the  cause  in  all  parts  of  the 
commonwealth.  The  report  was  unanimously  adopted 
by  the  convention.  In  1851  a  number  of  teachers  of 
Lancaster  County  met  in  convention  and  chose  Mr. 
Burrowes  as  their  chairman,  and  measures  were 
adopted  for  the  promotion  of  a  permanent  educa- 
tional association  in  the  county.  At  this  meeting 
resolutions  were  adopted  authorizing  the  chairman  to 
commence  the  publication  ''of  a  monthly  paper  de- 
voted exclusively  to  the  spread  of  information  rela- 
tive to  education." 

This  was  the  origin  of  the  I'cnnsijleania  School 
Journal,  a  work  which  until  a  few  years  before  his 
death  occupied  much  of  tlie  time  and  attention  of 
Mr.  Burrowes. 

By  the  act  of  1855  the  Pennsylvania  School  Journal 
■was  made  the  organ  of  the  school  department,  and 
one  copy  was  directed  to  be  sent  to  each  school  dis- 
trict in  the  State,  at  the  expense  of  the  State.  In 
1854,  Mr.  Burrowes  prepared  for  the  State  descrip- 
tive matter  for  "  Pennsylvania  School  Architecture," 
a  volume  of  two  hundred  and  seventy-six  jiages. 
After  having  written  nearly  all  the  important  school 
bills  passed  by  the  Legislature  after  1830,  probably 
the  crowning  act  of  his  life  was  the  drafting  of  the 
Normal  School  law,  which  is  regarded  by  its  friends 
as  being  unsurpassed  by  any  legislation  on  this  sub- 
ject either  in  America  or  Europe. 

In  1858,  Mr.  Burrowes  was  elected  mayor  of  Lan- 
caster City,  which  office  he  heldforone  year.  In  IsiiO 
he  was  again  called  upon  to  administer  tlie  ^rhocil 
system  of  the  State.  In  181)4  he  was  appnintcd  by 
Governor  Curtin  superintendent  of  sohlici^'  (ir|.li;iii>' 
schools,  and  otahlished  these  institutions  in  dill,  rent 
parts  of  the  State.  In  18G9  lie  was  electe.l  pre-ident 
of  the  Agricultural  College,  a  positioji  which  he  held 
at  the  time  of  his  death. 

To  Thomas  H.  Burrowes  ])robab!y  more  than  to  any 
one  else  belongs  the  honor  of  being  the  father  of  the 
Pennsylvania  free  school  system.  He  did  more  than 
any  other  one  man  to  place  it  upon  a  permanent 
basis,  and  in  its  establishment  he  has  erected  for 
himself  a  monument  more  enduring  than  stone.  •  He 
died  March  25,  1871. 

George  HofI'maii  was  born  in  Strasburg,  JIarch  9, 
1784.  He  obtained  the  first  rudiments  of  education 
from  an  old  German  schoolmaster  named  Buch,  of 
whom  very  little  is  known, -but  who,  accordini:  lu 
Mr.  Plofl'man's  recollections  of  him,  must  have  been 
a  man  of  considerable  knowledge.    Of  Mr.  Hollman's 


parents  but  little  is  known.  When  George  was  fifteen 
years  old  he  was  placed  in  the  store  of  James  White- 
hill,  then  the  most  extensive  of  Strasburg's  merchants. 
Here  lie  remained  until  he  was  twenty-one  years  old. 
During  the  next  eight  or  ten  years  he  served  as.clerk 
in  other  sfores  in  the  place.  In  1809  he  was  married 
to  Barbara  iMaynnnl,  of  Safe  Harbor,  and  went  into 
biisiiiL-.-,  (Ill  bis  riwn  account.  About  five  years  later 
be  iiinved  to  .'^tia^burg,  where  he  continued  to  reside 
and  keep  store  until  the  time  of  his  death.  In  181G 
he  was  appointed  by  Governor  Snyder  the  first  justice 
of  tlie  ])eace  for  Strasburg  borough  after  its  incorpo- 
ration, which  office  he  held  until  the  winter  of  1827 
-28,  wdien  he  was  elected  to  the  Legislature. 

As  a  magistrate  he  is  said  to  have  been  one  of  the 
most  useful  and  upright  men  who  ever  filled  that 
office,  his  aim  ever  being  not  to  make  money  for 
himself,  but  to  do  good  to  those  around  him.  No 
civil  case  that  could  be  adjusted  amicably  did  he  ever 
push  onward  to  a  suit  for  the  sake  of  making  costs 
for  himself  or  the  constables.  He  was  emphatically 
a  peacemaker,  and  many  had  cause  to  bless  him  for 
his  efforts  in  that  direction.  He  possessed  the  rare 
faculty  of  making  persons  wdio  were  wrong  and  angry 
perceive  their  error  and  the  folly  of  their  ill  temper, 
and  this  he  could  do  without  giving  them  the  least 
ofl'ense.  He  seemed  to  know  by  intuition  how  to  treat 
every  person  with  whom  he  came  in  contact,  and  in 
all  eases  without  departing  in  the  least  from  his  habit- 
ual dignity. 

His  iViendshii)  for  the  young  was  at  all  times  re- 
markable. No  man  ever  touk  a  greater  interest  than 
he  in  those  who  fell  in  his  way.  To  them  he  was 
like  a  lather.  His  interest  in  a  certain  poor,  deserv- 
ing boy  led  to  a  remark  by  him  in  his  store,  in  tlio 
presence  of  some  of  his  friends,  .which  resulted  in 
the  meeting  in  the  Jackson  Street  school-house, 
above  referred  to,  and  to  the  day  of  his  death  he 
nevt-r  In-t  lii-  interest  in  our  free  school  .system. 

He  uiis  at  all  times  a  firm  believer  in  the  rights  of 
man,  wilbout  distinction  of  race,  nationality,  or  color, 
llr  was  (Hie  (il'ibe  few  who  stood  by  Charles  Burleigh 
ulieii  be  ikli\euMl  iiis  aiili-slavery  lecture  in  Stras- 
burg, and  was  always  a  decided  abolitionist.  He 
died  in  1845  of  typhoid  fever,  leaving  four  children, 
— Barbara  (who  was  married  to  Jacob  Erb,  of  Cones- 
toga  township),  Ann  (the  wife  of  B.  B.  Gonder), 
Jesse  Ilotriiian,  and  Margaret  Warren  (wife  of  Wil- 
liam S.  Warren).  Mr.s.  Gonder  and  Jesse  Hollnian 
are  still  living  in  Strasburg. 

Rev.  George  Dulfield  was  born  in  Strasburg,  July 
4,  179G,  in  the  house  long  occupied  by  James 
McPhail,  and  now  owned  by  the  heirs  of  Dr.  Benja- 
min M«sser,  deceased.  His  father,  also  named 
George,  was  a  merchant,  and  for  nine  years  was 
register  and  comptroller-general  under  Governor 
McKean.  His  grandfather,  also  named  George,  was 
chaplain  of  the  Continental  Congress. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  graduated  at  the  early 


STRASBURG   BOROUGH. 


age  of  sixteen  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania. 
He  read  tlieology,  and  was  licensed  to  jireach  by  the 
Presbytery  of  Plula(ldli)hia  on  the  2Uth  day  of  April, 
1815."  In  1817  he  married  Miss  Isabelle  Bethune,  a 
daughter  of  a  well-known  merchant  and  a  sister  of 
Rev.  George  Bethune,  D.D. 

In  1837  he  was  called  to  the  Broadway  Tabernacle 
as  the  successor  of  tlie  Rev.  Charles  G.  Finney.  In 
1838  he  was  called  to  the  First  Presbyterian  Church 
of  Detroit,  a  position  which  lie  at  once  accepted,  and 
continued  its  sole  pastor  until  April  27,  18l)5.  In 
ability  and  learning  he  is  said  to  liave  ranked  with 
such  men  as  Drs.  Lyman  Beecher,  Sprague,  and 
others.     He  died  at  Detroit,  June  20,  lSfi8. 

Stephen  Russel,  a  man  uf  whom  very  little  is  known 
by  the  greater  portion  of  the  people  of  Strasburg  to- 
day, was  born  about  the  year  1820  in  the  house  ad- 
joining the  Duflield  house  on  the  east,  now  owned  by 
two  Weaver  sisters.  His  father,  William  Russel,  was 
one  of  the  two  tirst  ruling  elders  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church  of  Strasburg.  Not  very  much  is  known  of 
the  family  at  the  present  day.  From  one  of  Stephen's 
schoolmates  it  is  learned  that  an  older  son  of  William 
Russel  worked  his  way  by  some  means  into  a  com- 
mercial house  in  Philadelphia,  an<l  through  his  in- 
fluence Stephen  also  obtained  a  situation  as  a  clerk 
in  a  store.  From  here  he  worked  his  way  into  the 
custom-house.  Wliile  here  he  read  law  during  his 
leisure  hours,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  He 
then  drifted  to  New  York,  and  practiced  his  profes- 
sion, and  dealt  in  stocks  in  a  small  way,  and  figured 
in  politics  to  some  extent.  His  practice  soon  became 
paying,  and  then  became  lucrative.  He  was  at  one 
time  corporation  counsel  for  the  city  of  New  York  at 
a  salary  of  sixteen  thousand  dollars  per  annum. 

Some  time  after  he  left  this  jilace  his  tatlier  died, 
leaving  a  wife  and  an  imbecile  son  to  be  cared  for 
by  his  sons.  For  some  time  they  rented  quarters, 
Stephen  paying  the  rent.  When  he  came  to  be  in 
easy  circumstances,  he  returned  to  Strasburg,  pur- 
chased a  lot  of  ground,  built  a  large  and  comlbrtable 
two-story  brick  house  for  her  use,  moved  her  and  his 
brothers  into  it,  and  provided  for  them  as  hmg  as  they 
lived.  The  house  is  now  owned  and  occupiL-d  by  .Mr--. 
Harriet  Leche.  It  is  said  that  Mr.  Ru^sel's  wealth 
to-day  is  counted  by  millions. 

Borougll  Officers.— The  burgesses  in  the  borough 
of  Strasburg  have  been  as  f.illows: 

L  GiturgB  DinL-.iUuiigh. 


I87-.  Hkiv,..v  Bnickl.iU. 

1870-SO.  JhcuU  Ilil.li-bran.i. 

1S73.  \V.  T.  JlLl'liiiil. 

lSSl-82.  II.G.  Buuk. 

l^'V  X.V.im  Hull. 

1883.  Cliiiotiiin  lt.j«e. 

ISTo.^Ohrisliun  li;iclimaii. 

The  :t^>istant  burgesses 

lave  been : 

iMr,-i'.i.  ji.cobMiHcT 

lS,-.0-.M.  Francis  Cavighfy. 

lS2ll-i;l.  Geor«6  DifTeiibaugli. 

1852.  E.Jw.ir.l  Sl..ac.v. 

1B22.  .I.imea  .^.liims. 

IS.W.  John  Warnlz. 

1»2:!-21.  Joliii  I.lUz. 

18.-.1    ."LnilifwCbarlea. 

18J3    I'liilip  Weitzel. 

1855.   William  Black. 

lS2li.  .lohli  Gil.Uvell. 

1S6G-57.  Robert  Spencer. 

1S27.  Rubert.Wall.n;(!. 

1.858.  Adam  Rosa  Black. 

1823-29.  J..hn  Mc.\lli3tur. 

1859.  Heniy  Bear. 

ls.l„-:)l..lac,.bHo„v^r. 

lSCO-02.  .lames  LiDViU, 

IXM.  WiUiiiin  libick. 

1863.  Mbbael  Bonk. 

ISil.    JuM.pll   UulMUaU. 

1804.  A.  11.  Black. 

l.sll.  iJuviJ  Shirk. 

1805.  William  Smith. 

1S:15.  Isa.ic  Irwin. 

1800-07.  Henry  SpieU.ian. 

1810.  J,.liu  Mc^UisttT. 

1808-75.  Jacob  Ilil.iebr.iud. 

I.s:i7-J8.  Jose|>li  Iluwnmn. 

1870-78.  C.  Bachman. 

1S30.  John  CuUMuUy. 

1879.  Joseph  Bowman. 

1S4(M3.  .loM.ph  li,iwni;ii.. 

1880.  Joseph  HoU. 

H<44.  John  K.  StuMor. 

1881-82.  A.  M.  Ilerr. 

l.S45-4'J.  Siiii.uel  TuKiiJrt. 

1883.  George  W.  Heusel. 

The  following  have  bee 

1   members  of  the  borough 

Council; 

1810.  James  W  hllehill. 

1817.  George  DilTeiibangh. 

1818.  John  Connelly. 

1819.  John  Gygei 

IKn  Jl      \,,  iHl    ,M  McAllister. 


1827.  John  Connolly. 
1828-20.  Andrew  Cha 

1830.  David  Shirk. 

1831.  John  Connolly. 
1832-43.  Abraham  Sn 


1845-48.  Joseph  Bon 


Sampli-,  Thomas  Crawford,  John  Connelly,  Robert  Spenc 
lloll,  Samuel  Iloll,  William  IlanRe,  Michael  Johnston,  A 
Charles,  Peter  Holl,  Jr.,  George  Miller,  James  Adams,  Jo 
ly.  William   I;.iB,ell,  Caleb  Evalin,  ArchibalJ   McAllister.  W 


Black,    Kob< 


Bear,   Jo 


etirgo  Ditlenbaiigh,  John  Leit/..  John  Fii 
aldwell,  John  Uarr,  John  .Markley,  Wilii.im  Kchteni..ch,  Julm 
ranier,  William  Bas.et,  Ilngh  McClnng,  .lanics  McChesiiey,  Wil- 
am  Glass,  Samuel  Shrov,  William  Smilli,  Francis  S.  Bnrrowes, 
imcs  Lyile,  Jacob  Hoover,  Daniel  Miller,  James  Blair.  George 
ondersmilh,  David  Lniz,  liobert  Seaman,  John  Miller,  George 
essler,  David  Wiley,  John  Sleacy,  William  Gniles,  David  Gyger, 
.lam  L.  liagy,  James  Whilehill,  J..lin  llai  r,  Amos  Gilbert,  Joseph 
ownian,  Isaac  Girvin,  John  Fullmer,  John  McAllister,  lilac  Rat'V, 
avid  Kberly,  George  llollman,  J.icob  liower,  Joseph  Burk,  James 
invill,  Jame.s  Mcl'liail,  William  Uussell,  Joseph  Goiider,  David 
liirk.Jr..  D.iiiiel  I'.lls.  John  Cioff,  John   JIurdock,  John  Moore, 


nt.Wil 


li»mF.Mack.y,Sanm,.r 

aggart,  George  HaUKhmttn,  Samuel  Shroy, 

Daniel    Miller,  Robeil   K 

ans,  William  Giles,  Klias  Uhoier,  Samuel 

Bower,  John  Sleel.Jacol 

Kborer,  Willian,  P.  Uobinson,  Alexander 

Sliult/.,  l..'Vi  Waidley,  Jo 

,„  Weriilv,  W.  J.  S.  Warren,  Samuel  Ken- 

„tV.  .I-M.;.l,     Holl,.I..M:lh 

llniio,  Cha.les  Foulk,  Jacob  Hoffman, 

John    KilUuo,  .I.ooU    111 

l,>>aU,,,  Mlihael   Book,  Kndol|,l,  Shavib, 

J, ,1,1,    Smilh,    A.   .M     llei 

,1'liii^t     ll.icliuiali,  Reuben  Fellenbanm, 

Ge.H-e    MaMial.l,    Ficde 

i.l.   .Myers,   Miller  Fcailk,  J.  G.   Weaver, 

Isaac  lloll,  Daniel  Potts, 

■hrist.  Rowe,  James  Frew,  J.  F.  Slicrlz,  F. 

U.  Mns»elio;oi,  Henry  11 

,11,  I.  K.  W.t.ner,  Joseph   D.  Gonder,  ller- 

vey  lli.okbill.J">.ph  .M 

I'olts,  William  0.  Bair,  Isaac   Groff,  Flam 

The  clerks  liave  be 

n: 

1810.  Mai  tin  Fonts. 

j   18:10-38.  Jacob  Bower. 

1817-10.  Joseph  Cramer. 

1810.  Samuel  1'.  liower. 

18211-2.5.  Geo, go  Jliller. 

ls4(l-.57.  Jacob  Bower. 

1S2U-28.  J.  Ml  I'll, ,11. 

185.8-02.  Jacob  llibh.biaml. 

1829-35.  T.  11.  Valroline, 

1.'m;3-83.   Isaac  Walker. 

The  t.T;,.ine,s  have 

been  : 

ISlo-.'S.    l.e,.iKeli..lll,.UM. 

1847-50.  D.S.Warren,  J.  Wernlz. 

I.sJ')-    ;o      l,u,l>    (OlMM. 

1851-55.  John  Wernl/. 

HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


Tlie  high  constables 

have  been  : 

1810.  Jul,,.  M.irkley. 

18i;U-lil.  Thoni, 

1S17.  D.i„iul  MilU-r. 

1802.  William  F 

1818.  He„ry  Mycr.. 

1SC3.  ItoLert  U 

1819-21.  Micl,.'iBl  Shli.dle. 

IbiH    Jusi'i.l,  W 

1822.  Willian,  C„,ni„ii,s. 

lfC5-72    Willii,, 

1823-31,.  DaniL-l  W.nJitz. 

1873.  Sam„.^l  K 

18.ll-:i3.  Tli,j,.m8  ICigul-. 

'  1874.  Cor^'eLu 

lS;i4-ll.   Uariiul  Wcnditz. 

1875-77.  Williai 

1842-.i2.  Tl,om,i3  Eafer. 

1878.  Jul,,,  Wi„ 

IS.W-oO.  William  Cummins. 

1879.  Cl,ri^l,a„ 

18.i7-5S.  Tlwniaa  E.iger. 

:  1K8U-83.  Juhu  J 

1859.  Heni-y  Waidley. 

The  fiiUowing  have  been  the  jiistici?^ 
ince  the  iiicorponitiun  of  the  borough 


George  HulTman,  fiom  1810  I 
Joliu  Markk-y,  frum  1821  to 
Geurgo  JKKiii„ey,  elcctuJ  i, 


Samuel  !■ 

liuwe 

r,  f.-on 

1S4U 

Jacob  Hi 

l.-braml,  fro 

,180 

pruaent 

tliue. 

He.iry  G 

liuok, 

fro,,. 

1873 

preset 

liuic. 

The  past  growth  of  the 
borough  of  Strasburg  has 
been  rather  slow  but  sure, 
and  while  the  number  of 
houses  has  been  increasing 
very  slowly,  those  which 
are  erected  are  of  a  su- 
perior order.  The  ta.xes  ol 
the  place,  while  not  low, 
are  certainly  not  high, 
compared  with  other  cor- 
porations, and  considering 
the  fine  educational  and 
social  advantages  which 
the  inhabitants  enjoy.  The 
number  of  inhabitants  has 
stood  at  about  eleven  hun- 
dred for  a  number  of  years, 
but  there  are  changes  now 
being  made  which  cer- 
tainly  must   increase   the 

number  very  materially.  The  great  need  of  the  ] 
is  better  railroad  facilites,  which  are  likely  t 
aflbrded  at  no  distant  day.  In  closing  it  is  prop 
say  that  the  past  history  of  the  town  has  been  r: 
uneventful,  and  it  is  probably  safe  to  ])redicl  a 
perous  future. 


BIOGRAPilldAL     SKETCHES. 


HENRY    G.    BOOK. 
The  Book  family  i.s-of  German  descent.     Midi 
the  great-grand fallier  of  the  subject  of  this  ske 
emigrated  from  Wittenberg  to  this  country  near 


[  close  of  the  eighteenth  century.  He  was  a  shoemaker 
'  by  trade,  but  located  in  East  Lampeter  township, 
I  wheie  h^  eii..;aL'id  in  agricultural  pursuits.  His  wife 
WIS  Birbaia  Book  David  Book,  the  oldest  son  of 
the  eniigi  uit,  \\a>  ilso  a  shoemaker  by  trade,  and  was 
burn  No\  2  1771.  He  married  Catharine  (born 
171, 'M  diu^lit.r  ol  Achini  Hoak,  and  had  a  large 
liinil>  .,1  hil.lun  viz.,  Daniel,  born  Feb.  10,  1793; 
Di\id,  '-cpt  2),  1701;  Catharine,  Sept.  30,  17%; 
M  ir\,  Uct  8,  179b,  Elizabeth,  Jlay  17,  ISOl  ;  John, 
Jin  30,1804,  (ieorge,  Ajiril  11,180U;  Michael,  Jan. 
2',    ISU,   Magdalena,  April  5,  1813. 

(iLcirge  Book  learned  the  tradeof  ashoemaker  with 
hi~  I  itlier,  but  -.pent  his  days  in  farming.  In  1SG8  he 
]  i,r(  I,  i-iil  I  -ill  ill  lanii  about  one  mile  east  of  Stras- 
burg village,  which  he  oc- 
cii|,ied  until  his  deatli,  in 
1871).  He  was  no  aspirant 
liir  public  position,  but 
lead  a  strictly  moral,  cor- 
rect, and  modest  life.  His 
wife  was  Harriei  (born 
j"\Iarch  11,  1814),  daughter 
III'     Philip    ami     liarbara 

.ship,  and  a  representative 
ofoiie  of  the  early  families 
of  Lancaster  County,  also 
of  (lerman  origin. 

Philip  Geistjborn  March 
7,  1 703,  was  the  ancestor 
of  the  family  in  this  coun- 
try, and  left  his  native 
land  to  avoid  compulsory 
military  service.  The 
children  of  George  and 
Harriet  Book  are  six  in 
number,  viz.:  JIary,  wife 
of  John  F.  Wiggins,  of 
Providence ;  Jacob  G.,  an 
extensive  farmer  in  White- 
side County,  III.  ;  Henry 
( ;. ;  Levi  L.,  principal  of 
the  high  school  at  Al- 
toona,  Pa.  ;  Benjamin  F.,  a  teacher  in  Strasburg 
borough;  and  Amanda,  wife  of  Aldus  Weaver,  who 
occupies  the  homesteail  farm  with  her  mother. 

Henry  G.  Book  was  born  in  West  Lampeter  town- 
ship, on  Feb.  20, 1843.     His  earlier  years  were  passed 
in  farming  pursuits,  and  in  attendance  upon  the  dis- 
trict schools  of  his  locality.     He  subsequently  enjoyed 
the  benefits  of  academicinstruction  at  the  Millersville 
'  State  Normal  School  for  two  sessions.     Immediately 
;  after    leaving    school    he    engaged    in    teaching    for 
si-x  years  in    Strasburg   township,  and  subsequently 
ailopted  the  profession  of  a  surveyor  and  conveyancer, 
which  has  continued  to  occupy  his  time  and  attention 
ever   since.      He  has   transacted  a   large  amount  of 
I  business  in  the  drafting  and  execution  of  papers,  and 


JlC.f^^.r-rr4/ 


^a/^m^Af^4. 


2J^r^ 


;' 


STRASBURG   BOROUGH. 


fir.3 


has  surveyed  many  tracts  of  land  in  this  section  of 
Lancaster  County. 

His  .services  are  in  constant  demand,  and  he  is  one  of 
the  active,  busy  residents  of  a  borouL'h  tliat  is  remark- 
able for  its  quiet,  rural  simplicity.  lie  was  elected  jus- 
tice of  the  peace  in  1873,  and  has  since  performed  in  a 
competent  and  satisfactory  manner  the  various  duties 
of  that  office.  lie  has  acted  as  executor,  adminis- 
trator, and  guardian  in  many  cases.  He  was  elected 
chief  burgess  of  Strasburg  borough  in  1881,  and  re- 
elected in  1882.  He  has  always  taken  a  deep  interest 
in  local  and  township  affiiirs,  supporting,  with  a  lib- 
eral and  progressive  spirit,  all  movements  tending  to 
promote  the  interests  of  his  locality.  He  married, 
Dec.  15,  1870,  Annie,  daughter  of  Adam  and  Susan 
Mowery,  of  Strasburg  township,  and  has  three  ciiil- 
dren  living  at  the  present  writing,. viz.,  Lillian  M., 
Charles  Edgar,  aii.l  Elsie  G.  Book. 


Providence,  anc 
y,   .Martie,   Drum 


n  por- 
e,  and 


more  familiarlv  known, 


JACOB     HILDEBUAXD. 

Jacob  Hildebrand  w^as  born  in  East  Hempfield 
township,  Lancaster  Co.,  on  Nov.  16,  1822,  His 
father  was  Jacob  Hildebrand,  a  butcher  by  occui)a- 
tion,  who  passed  his  active  business  life  in  East  Lam- 
peter and  Paradise  townships.  His  mother's  maiden 
name  was  jAIary  Heiny,  and  the  children  wlio  com- 
pose the  family  are  :  John,  a  merchant  at  Neiv  Provi- 
dence ;  Jacob;  Elizabeth,  wife  of  John  Wiker,  of 
Muscatine,  Iowa;  Henry  U.,  who  is  in  trade  at  Bal- 
timore, INId.;  G.  James,  an  innkeeper  at  (iuarryville, 
Lancaster  Co.;  Susan,  wife  of  Dr.  Kendig,  of  Cones- 
toga  Centre;  Hoover  IL,  a  farmer  at  Muscatine,  Iowa; 
Louisa,  wife  of  John  P.  Eager,  of  Strasburg;  and 
Ella,  wife  of  Sa[nuel  Kendig,  of  Lancaster. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  thrown  u|)on  his 
own  resources  at  the  early  age  of  eight  years,  wlien 
he  left  his  home  and  began  the  labors  of  life  by  work- 
ing ujjon  a  farm  in  Paradise  (then  Strasburg)  town- 
ship for  his  board  and  clothes.  Between  the  ages  of 
thirteen  and  twenty  he  worked  for  Benjamin  Herr,  of 
the  same  township,  and  derived  from  him  what  little 
education  he  received,  as  well  as  habits  of  study  and 
investigation  which  proved  useful  to  him  in  all  his 
subsequent  career.  He  attended  the  district  scliocd 
of  the  township  for  a  few  seasons  only,  lour  days  in 
each  week. 

At  the  age  of  twenty-one  he  entered  the  cabinet- 
shop  of  Joel  Rice,  of  Strasburg,  for  the  purpose  of 
learning  the  trade  of  a  cabinet-maker,  and  remained 
in  his  employ  for  two  years.  At  the  expiration  of 
thiit  time  he  embarked  in  business  for  himself  in 
Strasburg,  and  engaged  in  cabinet-making  and  car- 
pentering until  1852,  when  he  established  a  str)re  in 
the  lower  end  of  the  village'and  entered  upon  the  life 
of  a  nicrchiwit.  Two  years  later  he  removed  to  the 
east  end  of  the  village,  and,  forming  a  partnership 


with  William  S.  Warren,  engaged  in  trade  for  two 
years  longer  as  Warren  &  Hildebrand,  terminating 
that  connection,  however,  and  i)ursuing  the  occupa- 
tion of  a  contractor  and  carpenter  until  18G2.  In 
I8(l(t  Jie  was  elected  to  the  office  of  justice  of  the 
peace,  and  immediately  began  to  familiarize  himself 
witli  the  higher  duties  of  the  station,  discouraging 
petty  and  vexatious  litigation,  and  applying  himself 
to  the  study  of  surveying,  conveyancing,  and  the 
drafting  of  wills  and  other  papers.  He  has  continued 
to  hold  the  office  of  justice  ever  since.  In  1S71  he 
was  elected  county  surveyor  of  Lancaster  County  on 
the  Republican  ticket,  and  held  that  office  for  three 
years  and  a  half.     During  that  period  he  prepared, 

i  with  great  labor  and  careful  research,  connected  drafts 
of  the  lan<l  originally  derived  by  patent  in  the  pres- 
ent townships  of  Strasburg,  Paradise,  East  and  West 
Lampeter,  Bart,  Eden,  and 
tions  of  Salisbury,  S;uMmi 
Colerain. 

Squire  Hildebrand,  as  he 
is  recognized  as  one  of  the  most  substantial  and  use- 
ful of  the  citizens  of  Strasburg.  From  a  small  be- 
ginning, with  scarcely  any  educational  advantages, 
by  [latient  industry  and  study,  he  advanced  to  a  posi- 
tion of  honor  and  trust  in  the  community,  and  has 
transacted  a  large  amount  of  important  business,  act- 
ing as  executor,  administrator,  and  guardian  in  many 
cases.  He  has  surveyed  a  large  i)ortion  of  the  county, 
and  is  familiar  with  the  metes  and  bounds  of  many 
important  tracts  of  land.  He  served  as  chief  burgess 
of  Strasburg  from  1875  to  1880,  and  has  been  a  con- 
sistent member  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  of 
that  borough  since  18G1,  holding  an  official  relation 
to  that  body  for  many  years.  He  has  always  taken  a 
deep  interest  in  all  movements  tending  to  develop 
and  strengthen  the  institutions  of  his  locality,  and 
has  been  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd- 
Fellows  since  4849,  and  a  Master  Mason  since  1851. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  building  committee  in  the 
erection  of  the  town  hall,  and  has  participated  in 
other  local   improvements. 

From  1863-71  he  owned  and  operated  an  excellent 
job-otlice  in  the  borough,  which  he  purchased  to  pre- 
vent its  being  removed  from  town,  and  succeeded  in 
making  it  a  pernutnent  and  successful  integer  in  the 
industries  of  the  borough.  He  was  married  on  Nov. 
IG,  1847;  to  Elizabeth  Spiehlman,  who  died  in  1866, 
leaving  children  as  follows:  Elizabeth  A.,  wife  of 
Finn  Elliott,  of  Lancaster  ;  Mary  E.,  wife  of  William 
Journey,  of  Lancaster  ;  William  W.,  a  cigar-manu- 
facturer in  Strasburg;  Millard  F.,  a  brickmaker  in 
the  same  place;  EUie  S.,  wife  of  Samuel  Dougherty, 
of  Columbia;  John  R.,  residing  at  home;  Ole  I.,  wife 
of  D.  Miller  Aumcnt,  of  Strasburg;  Laura  K.,  living 
at  home;  Sallie  B.,  wife  of  J.  N.  Goodman,  of  Stras- 
burg; and  James  11.  Hildebrand,  residing  at  home. 
On  Nov.  21,  1S66,  he  married  Eli/.a  Kendig,  widow  of 

I  .h.lin    I'eiiiiell,  of  Strasburg,  wh.i  is   his   present  wife. 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


William  W.  and  James  R.  Hililebraml,  his  sons,  and 
John  N.  Goodman,  his  son-in-law,  are  engaged  ex- 
•  tensively  in  the  manufacture  of  cigars  at  Strasburg, 
under  the  firm-name  of  Hildebrand  &  Co. 


CHAPTER    XXXVIII. 

BART    TOWNSHIl'.' 

At  the  November  session  of  the  court  in  Lancaster 
County,  1743,  the  citizens  of  Sadsbury  petitioned  for 
a  division  of  that  township,  and  the  court  appointed 
Calvin  Cooper,  George  Leonard,  Sr.,  Samuel  Ramsey, 
Robert  Wilson,  and  James  j\Iiller,  citizens  of  that 
township,  to  divide  it.  They  accomplished  their 
work  in  the  spring  of  1744.  The  name  of  the  town- 
ship was  derived  from  the  titular  appendage  to  the 
name  of  Sir  William  Keith  (Baronet,  abbreviated  to 
Bart.),  who  was  Governor  of  the  province  from  1717 
to  1726,  ill  which  time  the  township  was  settled. 

The  first  settlers  were  mostly  Presbyterians  from 
Scotland  and  from  the  north  of  Ireland,  the  latter 
known  by  the  name  of  Scotch-Irish.  They  emi- 
grated by  thousands  to  Pennsylvania,  and  many  of 
them  settled  among  the  Friends  in  "Old  Sadsbury," 
where  tlie  jirinciples  of  civil  and  religious  liberty  were 
in  full  operation.  A  historian  has  truly  testified  "that 
a  more  intelligent,  virtuous,  and  resolute  class  of  men 
never  settled  any  country."  They  have  ever  been  the 
stanch  friends  of  liberty,  and  of  everything  else  that 
could  elevate  the  character  or  promote  the  welfare  of 
society.  Tliey  were  tlie  most  efficient  supporters  of 
the  American  cause  during  tlie  great  struggle  for 
independence,  and  they  have  comj)arativoly  done  as 
much  for  the  support  of  learning,  morality,  and  re- 
ligion as  any  other  class  of  people.  In  these  respects 
their  descendants,  who  still  iidiabit  this  township,  are 
not  excelled  by  the  people  in  any  other  section  of  the 
county. 

Eden  was  set  off  from  Bart  in  1855.  The  bounda- 
ries of  the  township  as  at  present  constituted  are 
Paradi.se  on  the  north,  Sadsbury  on  the  east.  Cole- 
rain  on 'the  south,  and  Eden  on  the  west.  It  has 
a  length  of  five  miles,  an  average  width  (jf  three  and 

hundred  and  sixty  acres. 

A  short  distance  south  from  the  middle  of  this 
township  the  great  Chester  Valley  crosses  it  from  east 
to  west.  North  and  south  from  this  valley  the  sur- 
face is)  rolling,  like  that  of  the  other  townships  in  the 
southern   part  of  the  county.     The  soil,  esjiecially  in 


the(  l.>>t 
productii 


this  latitude 


Nickel-Mine  Run  and  Meeting-House  Run,  with 
their  atiluents,  water  the  northern  and  middle  por- 
tions of  the  township.  They  unite  toward  the 
southern,  boundary  to  form  one  fork  of  the  west 
branch  of  the  Octorara.  These  streams  not  only 
water  the  fai'ins  through  which  they  pass,  but  afford 
excellent  water-power. 

The  State  road  between  McCall's  Ferry  and  Park- 
ersburg,  which  passes  through  the  Chester  Valley, 
is  the  most  important  thoroughfare  in  this  township, 
and  prior  to  the  advent  of  railroads  its  importance 
was  much  greater  than  at  present.  North  and  south 
from  this  road  the  township  is  crossed  from  east  to 
west  by  roads,  and  two  princijial  highways  pass 
through  it  from  north  lo  south,  though  the  eastern- 
most one  is  somewhat  tortuous. 

Iron, — Near  the  Green-Tree  tavern,  on  the  farm 
of  William  Rakestraw,  an  iron-mine  was  opened  some 
years  since  by  the  PhaMiixville  Iron  Company.  It 
was  worked  by  this  company  during  several  years, 
and  the  ore  was  taken  in  wagons  to  Christiana,  from 
which  point  it  was  carried  by  rail  to  the  company's 
works  near  Philadelphia.  The  expense  of  transpor- 
tation to  Christiana  juade  the  production  of  ore  un- 
profitable, and  the  mines  CMri>eiiuentIy  ceased  to  be 
worked. 

Nickel-Mines.^— According  to  authentic  history, 
the  (iap  mineshad  been  workedfor  theircopperpriorto 
the  year  1744,  and  from  traditions  of  the  neighborhood 
they  were  first  discovered  about  1718.  For  eighty  or 
ninety  years  after  their  discovery  they  were  worked 
at  intervals  by  four  or  five  dill'erent  companies;  but 
none  of  those  companies  ever  found  sufficient  copper 
to  pay  expenses,  and  consequently  they  would  work 
them  at  a  loss  for  a  time  and  then  let  tlieni  stand  idle 
till  new  parties  would  start  them  up  again. 

In  1849,  after  the  mines  had  been  idle  thirty  or  forty 
years,  a  stock-company  was  formed  under  the  name  of 
the  Gap  Mining  Conipany  to  work  them  again  for  cop- 
jjer.  They  operated  on  a  rather  larger  scale  than  the 
previous  companies  ;  put  up  a  twenty-five  horse-power 
steam-engine  for  pumping  and  hoisting,  employed  a 
number  of  miners  and  laborers,  and  found  consider- 
able copper  ore,  which  they  sold  to  copper  smelters 
in  Boston  and  Baltimore,  but  there  was  not  nearly 
enough  to  pay  the  expenses  of  working  the  mines. 
Nothing  was  then  known  here  of  nickel,  although  in 
mining  coppep  large  <piaiitilies  of  nickel  ores  were 
mined  along  with  it  and  thrown  away  as  worthless. 
It  was  called  by  the  miners  mundic  (sulphuret  of 
iron),  a  very  plentiful  and  nearly  worthless  mineral. 

In  the  beginning  of  1852  the  present  superinten- 
dent of  these  works  came  to  the  Gap  mines  to  work 
as  a  minef.  He  immediately  discovered  that  what 
was  termed  mundic,  and  thrown  away  as  worthless, 


;iiis    le 


It 


BART   TOWNSHIP. 


being  sent  to  Boston  and  Baltimore,  but  tlie  analysis 
at  these  [)lace3  was  not  satisfactory.  Finally,  in  the 
latter  part  of  1852  or  the  l)i.-ginning  of  1853,  a  sam- 
ple was  sent  to  Professor  F.  A.  Gentli,  a  celebrated 
chemist  of  Philadelphia,  who  made  an  analysis  of  it, 
and  pronounced  it  nickel,  and  gave  the  percentage 
of  pure  nickel  in  the  ore. 

At  this  point  the  Gap  copper  mines  changed  to 
Gap  nickel  mines.  The  Gap  Mining  Company  mined 
the  nickel  ore,  and  sold  it  to  a  .separate  company, 
which  smelted  the  ore  during  a  time  in  Philadelphia. 
A  year  or  two  later  another  separate  company  erected 
smelting-works  about  three-quarters  of  a  mile  north 
of  the  mines.  They  bought  the  ore  from  the  Gap 
Mining  Company,  and  smelted  it  there,  but  the  smelt- 
ing of  nickel  proved  un]irofitable,  consequently  the 
smelting-works  changed  hands  several  times,  with 
considerable  loss  to  the  owners.  In  1859  the  Gap 
Mining  Company  bought  these  smelting-works,  and 
smelted  their  own  ore,  but  in  18G0,  finding  that  I 
neither  mining,  nor  smelting,  nor  both  together  ' 
would  come  near  paying  expenses,  they  closed  the  j 
whole  concern,  mines,  smelting-works,  and  all.  I 

This  finished  the  Gap  Jlining  Company's  opera-  i 
tions;  they  never  worked  it  again.  It  remained  idle 
two  years;  the  mines  filled  with  water,  which  ran  out 
at  the  top  of  the  shafts,  engines  and  oilier  machinery 
rusting  out,  furnaces  and  stocks  which  were  nearly 
worn  out  before  now  decaying  and  crumbling  to  the 
ground.  Such  was  the  condition  of  things  when  the 
present  proprietor,  Joseph  Wharton,  Esq.,  a  Phila- 
delphia Quaker,  took  hold  of  it  in  November,  1SG2. 
He  at  that  time  bought  of  the  Gap  Mining  Comjiany 
one-half  of  the  concern,  and  leased  the  other  half  for 
a  term  of  years;  but  shortly  aflerwarils  he  bought 
the  other  half  also,  thus  becoming  the  owner  of  the 
whole  concern,  mines,  smelting-works,  machinery  and 
all.  He  iminedialely  commenced  repairing  the  ma- 
chinery, pum[)cd  the  water  out  of  the  mines,  rebuilt 
the  furnaces  and  stacks,  and  by  May,  18G2,  got  into 
operation  the  mining  and  refining  of  nickel.  it 
should  be  stated  here  that  at  the  time  Mr.  Wharton 
bought  the  mines  and  furnaces  he  also  piirrhaseil  a 
large  manufacturing  establishment  in  Camden,  N.  J., 
uiul  fitted  it  up  for  a  nickel  refinery;  for  be  it  re- 
iiiembercd  that  when  the  metal  leaves  Gap  Furnaces 
it  is  not  nearly  pure,  only  a  part  of  the  dross  or 
worthless  matter  has  been  taken  out;  in  that  ccjiidi- 
tion  it  is  called  ma«e,  and  is  shipped  to  the  refinery 
at  Camden,  where  it  goes  through  many  processes, 
requiring  much  time,  labor,  and  skil^  to  bring  out  the 
pure  nickel.  In  fact,  the  processes  are  so  tedious  and 
complicated  that  many  months  elapse  after  the  ore  is 
mined  before  finished  nickel  is  produced  therefrom. 
By  his  jiersevcrance  Mr.  Wharton  has  overcome  all 
obstacles,  built  up  one  of  the  most  nearly  compKie 
nickel  establishments  in  the -world,  and  by  enii.'\ 
and  economy  was  made  the  mining  and  makiii-  ..I' 
nickel  in  America  a  successful  indnslry,  thus  bringing 


many  thousands  of  dollars  monthly  into  Lancaster 
County. 

The  establishment  is  now  '  G:\\}  Nickel-Mines  and 
Furuaces,"  owned  and  worked  by  Joseph  Wharton, 
of  Philadelphia,  Capt.  Charles  Doble,  superintendent. 
The  mines  are  situated  in  Bart  township,  and  the 
smelting-works  are  about  three-quarters  of  a  mile 
north  from  them  in  P.iradisc  township.  The  mine 
tract  in  Ban  township  contains  four  hundred  and 
fifty  acres,'  and  the  furnace  tract  in  Paradise  ninety 
acres.  There  are  on  these  properties  a  large  mansion- 
house  at  the  mines,  where  the  superintendent  of  the 
works  resides,  a  large  store  and  dwelling  (White  Hall 
store)  near  tiie  mines,  twenty-three  tenant-houses,  oc- 
cupied by  the  workmen,  five  barns,  stables,  sheds,  etc. 
A  township  school-house  is  near  the  mines,  and  a 
commodious  Episco|)al  Church,  erected  in  1857,  stands 
within  the  limits  of  the  mine  tract,  the  site  for  the 
church  and  cemetery  having  been  donated  by  the  Gap 
Mining  Company. 

When  in  full  operation  about  one  hundred  and  fifty 
hands  are  employed  in  the  mines,  fifty  at  the  furnaces, 
and  one  hundred  in  the  refinery.  The  mines  are 
opened  out  on  the  vein  in  length,  by  shafts  and  tun- 
nels, about  two  thousand  feet,  and  the  deepest  jioint 
attained  is  two  hundred  and  thirty-five  feet.  There 
are  si-\  shafts  ranging  from  one  hundred  to  two  hun- 
dred and  thirty-five  feet  in  depth,  and  a  few  others 
from  si.xty  to  eighty  feet  deep.  All  these  shafts  are 
vertical.  The  ore  is  rarely  found  in  paying  quanti- 
ties nearer  than  si.\ty  feet  to  the  surface.  There  are 
two  steam-engines  at  the  mines,  one  a  low-pressure 
Cornish  pumpingengine  of  one  hundred  horse-iiower, 
for  pumping  water  out  of  the  mines,  the  other  a 
twenty-five  horse-power,  for  hoisting  the  ore  and  rub- 
bish o'ut  of  the  mines. 

The  veinstone,  or  rock  matter,  mixed  with  the  ore, 
is  a  dark-colored,  highly  crystalline  hornblende,  con- 
siderable ([uaiitities  of  which  are  mined  and  hoisted 
with  the  ore.  Alter  it  is  mined  the  ore  is  brought 
through  the  tunn.ls  to  the  hoisting  shafts  in  small 
ears  carrying  about  a  ton  each.  It  is  then  hoisted  to 
the  surface  in  large  iron  buckets  carrying  about  one 
thousand  pounds  each,  or  in  square  wooden  boxes 
("skills")  carrying  each  double  that  quantity.  After 
the  ore  is  brought  to  the  surface  it  is  prepared  for  the 
smelting-works  by  breaking  the  large  lumps  with 
heavy  sledges  and  (licking  out  the  rock  or  refuse 
matter,  washing  and  liand-picking  the  middle  size, 
and  "jigging"  (a  process  of  se|iarating  the  rock  matter 
from  the  ore  by  the  difference  in  their  specific  gravity ) 
the  finer  panicles.  After  it  is  thus  prepared  it  is 
taken  to  the  snielting-worksand  broken  by  machinery, 


pun 


i.^tinu'  kilns  and  set  on  fire  to  drive 


.uh 


Wli 


666 


HISTORY  OF  LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


smelting  brings  out  a  kind  of  concentrated  ore  called  j 
matte,  which  comes  from  the  furnaces  in  a  liquid  slate  i 
and  is  cast  in  sand  moulds  into  jiigs,  like  pig-iron  from 
an  iron-furnace.  This  pig-matte  is  next  reduced  by  [ 
machinery  to  a  coarse  powder,  then  pui  into  barrels  ( 
(one  tiiousand  pounds  in  a  barrel)  and  shipped  to 
the  refinery  in  Camden. 

There  are  two  twenty-five  horse- power  steam-engines 
at  the  smelting-works.  One  drives  the  blast-cylinders  j 
which  give  air  to  the  furnaces,  and  the  other  drives  i 
the  rock-breaker  and  Cornish  crusher.  There  are  i 
four  blast-furnaces,  but  only  two  in  blast  at  a  time,  i 
There  are  also  a  cooper-shop,  a  blacksmith  shop,  and  i 
a  wagon-shop.  Seven  hundred  tons  of  ore  per  month 
are  mined  and  smelted  at  these  works.  1 

Downing  Mill.— About  one  mile  below  the  Green  ; 
Tree   Inn,  on   the  west  branch  of  Octorara   Creek,  is 
still  standing  a  house  on  the  end  of  which  is  the  date 
of  its  erection,  1747.     Ne:.r  this  house  stand  the  black-  ! 
ened  walls  of  a  grist-mill  that  was  built  in  the  same  ! 
year  by  Samuel  Downing,  who  was  then  the  owner 
of  the  land  there.     The  mill  was  the  property  of  Mr.  i 
Downing  till   his   death,    after   which    the  Hurfords 
purchased  it,  and  in  1830  rebuilt  it.     From  them  it 
passed  to  Eli  Kerns,  and  subsequently  it  became  the 
property  of  his  son,  Horatio  Kerns,  I'rom  wliom   it 
passed  to  the  Heyburgers,  who  owned  it  when  it  was 
burned,  in  1877,  and  who  still  own  the  property.  i 

A  mile  and  a  half  below  this  mill,  on  the  same 
stream,  another  was  built  early  in  the  present  renluvy 
by  Gen.  James  Caldwell.  It  wassubM'.|uenlly  buinrd, 
and  was  rebuilt  by  Maris  Kerns,  who  had  hcromo 
the  owner.  It  is  now  owned  and  operated  by  David 
Jackson.     It  is  a  framed  structure,  with    two  runs  uf 

A  saw-mill  is  attached  to  this  mill. 

Georgetown  Mill— In  ITGo,  IVli.v  Haughman 
purchased  from  the  proprietaries  of  the  province  the 
land  on  which  this  mill  stands,  about  half  a  mile  t 
southeast  from  Georgetown,  on  the  west  branch  of  | 
Octorara  Creek.  In  the  latter  part  of  the  last  cen- 
tury a  saw-mill  was  erected  at  this  point  either  by 
Felix  Baughman  or  George  Baughman,  his  son,  and 
not  long  afterward  a  small  grinding-mill  was  added 
to  it.  To  this,  in  1817,  an  addition  was  made,  and 
two  runs  of  burr-stones  for  grinding  wheat  were  put 
in  it.  In  1803  tbe  properly  passed  into  the  hands  of 
James  Baxter,  and  it  was  sold  by  the  sheriff  to  James 
Downing  in  1816,  by  him  to  William  Downing  in 
1826,  and  by  him  to  Morris  Cooper  in  1834.  In  1842, 
Mr.  Cooper  erected  the  present  grist-  and  saw-mill  a 
short  distance  farther  down  the  stream,  and  demol- 
ished the  original  mill,  which  was  built  mostly  of 
slone.  This  mill  has  remained  without  material 
alteration  till  the  present  time.  It  is  a  large  stone 
building,  and  it  has  three  runs  of  stones  and  all  the 
necessary  machinery  for  merchant  and  grist  work.  It 
is  worthy  of  remark  that  the  original  overshot  w.itcr- 
wheels  which  were   placed   in   this   nilll  when    il  was 


built  are  still  there  in  a  good  state  of  preservation, 
without  even  the  buckets  having  been  removed.  In 
1S.J.3  the  mill  became  the  property  of  Jeremiali 
Coo|ier,  the  son  of  Jlorris,  and  it  was  purchased  by 
Harvey jClendeiining,  the  present  owner,  in  1SS3. 

Woolen-Factory.— In  1842,  William  P.  Cooper,  a 
brother  of  Morris  Cooper,  built  a  woolen-mill  on 
West  Branch,  one-fourth  of  a  mile  down  the  stream 
from  Georgetown  mill.  It  was  built  of  stone,  and 
had  two  sets  of  machinery  for  the  manufacture  of 
woolen  cloth  and  satinet.  Mr.  Cooper  operated  this 
mill  till  1862,  when  the  wood-work  and  machinery 
were  destroyed  by  lire.  It  was  at  once  rebuilt  by  Jlr. 
Cooper  and  sold  to  James  Bond,  who  placed  in  it 
modern  machinery  and  operated  it  till  1876,  since 
when  it  has  not  been  in  u>c.  It  is  now  the  property 
of  Jeremiah  Cooper. 

Schools.— In  1S34,  soon  after  the  en.actment  of  the 
school  law,  its  provisions  were  accepted  by  the  town- 
ship of  Bart,  and  excellent  schools  have  since  been    ■ 
maintained.     The  township  now  cori>ists  of  six  sub- 
districts,   named    as    follow. :    Nickel    Mines,    in    the 
northern  part;   the  Geoiyctown   District,  in  the  cen- 
tral  portion;   Mount    riea^ant,  in   the  western  pari; 
Mars  Hill,  ill  the  southwest;   tlie  Brick  SchooMIouse 
District,  in  the  south  ;  and  Harmony,  in  the  southern 
central  part.    In  the  Nickel  Mines  District  the  school-    ' 
house  is  a  wootlen  building.    In  the  Georgetown  Dis-    ^ 
trict  are  two  houses,  one  of  which  is  of  stone.     The 
.Mount   I'leasiint    District  has  a  st.mc  house.     All  the 


In 
Tree 
bram 
giver 


Willhini  II 
■L-  tan-ht,  Ml 
ireparalioi,  , 


ea 

■crage  ye 

sIr 

d  near  Gr 

1   tl 

is  school 

It-Ill 


I  tent 


quite  prosperous,  and  was  kept  up  till  the  removal  of 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Cwxl  Iroiii  the  locality  in  1881. 

Octorara  United  Presbyterian  Church.'— The 
congregation  of  the  Octorara  United  Presbyterian  ; 
Church  in  Bart  has  a  house  of  worship  on  a  plat  of 
ground  that  is  on  the  Valley  road,  one  mile  from  the 
village  of  Georgetown,  and  that  was  deeded  for 
church  purposes  by  the  heirs  of  William  Penn. 

The  society  was  organized  Oct.  20,  1754.  There 
are  no  records  of  the  names  of  members,  etc.,  until 
Rev.  Eastoii  took  charge  of  this  congregation,  in  con- 
nection with  the  congregations  of  Oxford  and  Muddy 
Run,  in  1827.  At  that  lime  there  were  thirty-seven 
members.  Thi:#  congregation  originally  belonged  to 
the  Associate  Church  of  Scotland,  better  known  by 
some  as  Seceders.  It  became  United  Presbyterian 
when  'that  body  originated,  in  1858.  It  had  the  one 
pastor  for  filty-two  years.  In  April,  1880,  the  con- 
gregation called  its  present  pastor,  Rev.  David  An- 
derson.    The  membership  is  now  seventy-three.     In 


I  Uy 


U.  AiMlun 


BART   TOWNSHIP. 


667 


1882  a  parsonage  was  erected  at  a  cost  of  nearly  two 
thousand  five  liundred  dollars,  and  to  this  a  few  acres 
of  ground  are  attaclied,  making  a  comfortable  home 
and  surroundings  for  the  pastor.  The  church  edifice 
is  of  stone,  built  about  thirty-five  years  since,  with  a 
seating  capacity  of  two  hundred.  There  is  also  a 
small  session  liouse  attached,  altogether  worth  abuut 

I'    five  liundred  dollars. 

f:_        A  graveyard  began  to  be  used  liere  about  1800,  tlie 

'     earliest  members  having  been  buried  in   the  grave- 

(     yard  of  the  church,  just  across  the  road,  that  holds 

i     the  bulk  of  the  land  deeded.     In  this  cemetery  lie 

j    the  body  of  Rev.  Robert  Annan,  one  of  the  pioneer 

missionaries  from  Scotland,  who  died  in  December, 

1819;  also  that  of  Rev.  William  Easton,  D.D.,  with 

his  two  wives  and   his  s(m.   Dr.   Easton,  who  died 

h     while  quite  young  in  liis  practice.     These  grounds  of 

^     course  hold  many  honored  dead,  among  them  mini.^- 

L      ters  of  the  gospel  who  spent  their  early  years  among 
!     this  people.  ■ 

Middle  Octorara  Presbyterian  Church.'— From 
about  1710  to  1775,  a  great  number  of  people  for 
various  reasons  emigrated  to  America  from  the 
north  of  Ireland,  and  quite  a  large  part  of  these 
lauded  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and  at  New  Castle,  Del. 
From   these  ])oints  they  spread  north  and  west  into 

i;  and  beyond  what  is  now  Lancaster  IJuunty.  Part  (}|' 
these  settled' in  the  section  of  tlie  lounty  in  which 
Middle  Octorara  Church  is  now  located.  The  por- 
tion of  these  adhering  to  the  Presbyterian  Church 
were  probably  first  ministered  to  occasionally  by  Rev. 
David  Evans,  who  preached  for  a  time  as  a  supply  at 
Up|)er  Octorara,  where  a  church  was  organized  about 
1720.  The  section  of  country  now  occupied  by  the 
Middle  Octorara  Church  was  then  within  the. bounds 

,  of  the  Upper  Octorara  Church.  In  1724,  Rev.  Adam 
Boyd  was  ordained  and  installed  first  regular  pastor  at 
Upper  Octorara  Church.  About  1727  the  families  on 
the  west  side  of  Octorara  Creek  sought  an  organiza- 
tion, and  hence  Jliddle  Octorara  Church  was  organ- 
ized. They  asked  for  one-third  of  Mr.  Boyd's  time, 
promising  towards  his  salary  fifty  pounds,  but  on 
account  of  the  distance  and  the  demand  for  his  ser- 
vices elsewhere  he  was  directed  to  si)enil  every  sixth 
Sabbath  at  Middle  Octorara.  This  Mr.  Boyd  did,  as 
a  supply,  until  about  1730.  Who  preached' for  sev- 
eral years  after  Mr.  Boyd  ceased  the  writer  has  not 
been  able  to  learn.  On  Nov.  18,  1735,  Rev.  Alex- 
ander Craighead  was  ordained  and  installed  as  the 
first  regular  pastor  of  this  church.  What  was  the 
length  of  his  pastorate  or  who  immediately  succeeded 
him  the  writer  has  not  been  able  to  learn,  as  he  has  no 
records  of  the  church  for  forty  years.  Mr.  Craighead 
died  in  171)0,  but  he  had  left  this  church  years  before. 
In  1780,  Rev.  Nathaniel  W.  Sample  became  pastor 
of  Middle  Octorara,  in  connectioji  with  the  church  at 
Lancaster  and   Leacock,  dividing  his  time   equally 

1  By  Rev.  W.  G.  Cuirnee,  piiator. 


!  between  the  three   churches.      He  remained  .pastor 

about  forty  years,  or  until  1821,  and  was  succeeded  by 

1  Rev.  Jose[ili   Barr,  who  was  elected  pastor  of  Lea- 

I  cock  and  JNIiddle  Octorara,  May,  1S22,  and  installed 

:  3Iay  0,  18:i>.     This  pastorate  continued   until  Sent. 

17,  1844,  when  it  was  dissolved  by  the  Presbytery  of 

Donegal,  on  account  of  the  health  of  Mr.  Barr. 

The  next  pastor  was  Rev.  Solomon  McNair,  who 
was  ordained  and  installed  May  8,  1846.  He  was  re- 
;  leased  by  Presbytery  in  1853  ('?),  and  in  November, 
j  1853,  Rev.  Joseph  M.  Rittenhouse  was  ordained  and 
installed  pastor.  He  continued  in  this  relation  until 
Sept.  23,  1873.  He  was  followed  by  Rev.  W.  .J. 
Henderson,  who  was  installed  Oct.  9,  1874,  and  con- 
tinued as  pastor  until  Oct.  6,  1876,  when,  at  his  own 
request,  on  account  of  his  health,  he  was  released. 

Rev.  W.  G.  Cairnes,  the  present  pastor,  entered 
up(jn  his  ministry  among  this  peoi)le  April,  1877,  and 
was  regularly  installed  pastor  May  3,  1878. 

During  the  jiastorate  of  the  Rev.  Alexander  Craig- 
head a  tract  of  land  containing  about  one  hundred 
acres  was  conveyed  by  a  deed  dated  June  20,  1738, 
by  John,  Thomas,  and  Richard  Penn  to  Henry 
Work,  Alexander  Craighead,  Robert  Matthews,  and 
Hugh  Barclay,  "  for  the  use  of  the  Presbyterian  con- 
;  gregation  dwelling  near  the  same."  This  tract  of 
land   is  still   in   po.,,r.-,>i,,n   ..f   the    Middle   Ottc.rara 

Presbyterian  Church  and  i)arsonage  now  stand, 
which  was  conveyed  to  that  church  for  that  purpose. 
The  present  church  building,  which  is  a  >.to[ie 
structure,  and  was  erected  before  the  beginning  of 
the  present  century,  stands  on  this  tract  of  land.  It 
'  is  capable  of  seating  about  three  hundred  jieople.  A 
parsonage  also  was  erected  near  by  the  church  during 
the  time  Rev.  j\Ir.  McNair  was  pastor.  A  dwelling 
for  the  former  was  erected  in  1882. 

An    extensive    graveyard    is   connected    with    the 
church,  to  wliich   additions   have   been    made    from 
time   to   time   as  tliere   was   need.      In    it    many   of 
I  those  who  have  resided  in   the  neighborhood   have 
been  buried,  some  who  in  their  generation  were  prom- 
I  inent  in  the  church  and  community.     In  the  older 
I  part  of  the  yard  very  few  of  the  graves  have  stones 
I  with  inscriptions.     The  stone  bearing  the  oldest  date 
is  that  erected  to  the  grave  of  William  Barclay.    The 
full  inscription  is,  "  Here  lies  the  bodies  of  William 
Barclay  and  'Mary,  his  wife.     He  departed  this  life 
1  October,  1732,  aged  sixty-three  years,  and  she  Octo- 
ber, 1757,  aged  eighty-eight  years." 

Beneath  a  marble  slab  (which  is  now,  1883,  in  a 
j  broken  condition)  lie  the  remains  of  Rev.  John 
!  Cuthbertspn,  the  first  Reformed  Presbyterian  min- 
I  isler  who  preached  in  America.  He  was  a  Scotch- 
man, and  landed  Aug.  5,  1751,  at  New  Castle,  Del. 
He  preached  his  first  sermon  in  America  at  the  house 
'  of  a  Mr.  Jose|ili  Ross,  who  is  thought  to  have  resided 


0,    1751, 


He 


668 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


home,  after  his  settlement  in  this  country,  about  two 
miles  from  the  Octorara  Church.  He  preached  at 
Octorara,  Muddy  Run,  Pequea,  in  Lancaster  County, 
and  also  extended  his  labors  into  Dauijhin,  Adams, 
Cumberland,  Franklin,  Fulton,  and  York  Counties, 
and  made  a  visit  to  the  western  part  of  the  State,  and 
to  Xew  York  State.     The  graveatone  boars   the  fol- 

"Hero  liM  the  Body  of  the 

Rev.  JoliQ  Cutlili-rlaon, 

^Vha,  after  a  labor  of  about  40  years  in  thh  miuidtry  of  the  Gospel  anions 

the  Dissenting  Coveiiantura  of  America,  tlep.u  tuJ  this  life  lOlh 

of  March,  1701.  in  the  75  year. .f  his  age. 

Among  the  other  old  stones  are  the  following  names 
and  dates: 

William  Barclay,  Jr.,  who  died  ^Lly  23,  1757,  aged 
forty-eight  years. 

John  Cunningham,  who  died  Sept.  10,  17-57,  aged 
thirty-one  years. 

John  Barclay,  who  departed  this  life  Jan.  4,  17l>5, 
aged  sixty-tive  years. 

JIary  JlcClure,  wlio  died  Oct.  12,  1758,  aged  sixty- 
three  years. 

William  ilcClure,  who  died  17(iS,  aged  seventy 
years. 

Samuel  Anderson,  Esq.,  who  died  Sept.  10,  17G4, 
aged  sixty-four  years. 

The  following  persons,  who  served  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary war,  are  known  to  liave  been  buried  in  tliis 
yard  : 

John  Caughey,  Sr.,  Jose|)h  Tweed,  R  jbert  Bailey, 
James  Thom|;son,  and  John  .Mcl'luri.-. 

Also  the  following,  who  serveil  in  (lie  lsl2  war: 
'  John  Caughey,  Jr.,  William  McC^ray,  Henry  Byre, 
William  Sampson,  James  JMcCord,  William   Boone, 
Andrew  Thompson,  and  William  McCUire. 

Also  the  following,  who  served  in  the  late  civil  war  : 

Capt.  Samuel  Buone,  (ieorge  W.  Good,  Lewis  Find- 
ley,  Lewis  Kaughman,  Benjamin  Young,  and  Jacob 
Ritz. 

Also  Edwin  M.  Martin,  M.D.,  who  served  as  an  as- 
sistant surgeon  in  the  United  States  navy  from  April 
12,  1875,  until  the  time  of  his  death,  .\.ug.  20,  1878. 

There  are  no  sessional  records  of  Middle  Octorara 
Church  previous  to  the  settlement  of  the  Rev.  Joseph 
liarr,  in  1823,  known  to  the  writer,  and  hence  no 
definite  information  can  be  ascertained  in  regard  to 
the  elders  previous  to  that  date.  When  Mr.  Barr  en- 
tered on  his  ministry  the  following  were  elders  :  John 
Patterson,  Francis  .McKnight,  Alexander  Morrison, 
James  Steel.  Robert  Patterson,  Samuel  Morrison, 
and  Samuel  Paxton.  On  Sept.  11,  1831,  Cornelius 
Collins,  Thomas  ^lorgan,  Stephen  Heard,  Francis 
Caughey,  and  Alexajider  W.Morrison  were  ordained 
elders.  In  1840,  John  A.  Love,  Benjamin  Fite,  Jacob 
Ritz,  and  Robert  Ferguson  Were  added  to  the  ses-ion  ; 
aUo  the  following  "at  vari.ms  times:  William  \\...,u^, 
Thomas   Ferguson,   .\dam    Drauckt-r,   Peter   Baii^li- 


I  man,  Samuel  Ressler,  William  McElwain,  Lewis  H. 

I  Linville,    Hervey    Baughman,    an<l    Milton    Heidle- 

I  baugh. 

I  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  at  Georgetown.'— 
A  society  of  tlie  .Methodist  Episcopal  Church  was  in 

j  existence  at  Georgetown  as  early  as  1830,  and  services 

I  were  regularly  held  at  private  residences.  Among 
the  first  active  members  were  George  Rockey,  Solo- 

j  mon  Hamar,  and  Adam  Hess,  who  was  the  class- 
leader. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Quarterly  Conference,  held  at 

I  Columbia,  Nov.  24,  1832,  for  Strasbnrg  and  Columbia 
Circuit,  Christopher  Masters,  Solomon  Hamar,  and 
Charles  Bender  were  appointed  a  committee  to  esti- 
mate the  expense  of  building  a  house  of  worship  on 
James  Caldwell's  land,  near  Georgetown. 

They  proceeded  to  erect  the  church,  which  was 
completed  and  dedicated  in  1833.  It  was  a  stouo 
structure,  with  a  seating  capacity  of  two  hundred  and 
forty.  The  dedicatory  services  were  performed  by 
Thomas  Miller,  who  was  preacher  in  charge.  It  was 
named  Salem  Jlethodist  Episcopal  Church.  They  ■ 
made  a  graveyard  on  this  church  lot.  This  house 
continued  in  use  until  1876,  when  it  was  taken  down, 
and  the  present  church  edifice  was  erected  on  its  site. 
This  is  a  frame  building  forty-five  by  sixty-five  feet, 


including  two  convenient  class-roc 
four  thousand  dollars. 

This  society  has  always  been 
meiit.     The  circuits  to  which  it  1 
been  altered  from  time  to  time  as 
stances   have  reiiuired.     In    1830 


ins.     It  cost  about 

I  circuit  appoint- 
las  belonged  have 
changing  circum- 
it  wa-s  under  the 
harge  of  Strasburg  Circuit,  and  the  circuit  preachers 
,-ere  D.tvid  Be,t  and  X.itlianiel  Chew;  in  1831-32 
it  was  included  iu  Strasburg  and  Columbia  Circuit, 
j  and  the  circuit  preachers  were  Thomas  Miller,  Elipba- 
!  let  Reed,  Richard  Tliomas,  Robert  E.  Morrison,  and 
I  John  Edwards;  in  1833  it  was  connected  with  Sou- 
dersburg  CirculL  and  the  circuit  preachers  Thomas 
Miller  and  William  Ryder.  Ministers  have  since 
served  this  society,  viz. :  Revs.  John  Lednum,  R.  E. 
Morrison,  John  Edwards,  J.  A.  Watson,  R.  Ander- 
son, Dallas  D.  Lore,  E.  R.  Williams,  G.  Oram,  Val- 
entine Gray,  Jonas  Bissey,  Samuel  Grace,  G.  D.  Car- 
row,  Henry  Sutton,  Allen  John,  William  Rink,  J.  B, 
Dennison,  Charles  Harsner,  G.  W.  Lybrand,  W.  W. 
Michael,  B.  T.  String,  J.  C.  Wood,  Alex.  Wiggins,  J. 
Aspril,  William  Downey,  J.  Amthor,  J.  A.  Cooper, 
E.  C.  Yerke-s,  L.  D.  McClintock. 

This  society  is  now  associated  with  the  churches  of 
Gap  and  Christiana.  These  three  con.stitute  George- 
town and  Gap  (circuit,  and  have  for  their  minister 
Rev.  L.  D.  MeClint.iik.     This  church   has  generally 

hundred  and  Iwcnly,     Tluie  !■-  a  lluuri^l.ingSunday- 

Tlie   trustees  :ire   IV-ter    Pickel,    William    Phenc'Mr, 


BART   TOWNSHIP. 


669 


Jesse  McAllister,  Setli  Tlioiuas,  David  L.  Keiser, 
Samuel  H.  TowhomkI,  John  V.  Leech,  Suiniu'l  ll.lin, 
Thomas  ^Villiallls. 

Protestant  Episcopal  Church  at  Gap  Mines.'— 
May  4,  18.')G,  on  invitation  from  Capt.  John  Williams, 
Capt.  Charles  Dohle,  and  others,  Rev.  Dr.  IS.  1!.  Kil- 
likelly,  rector  of  All  Saints'  Church,  Paradi.se,  and 
Christ  Church,  Leacock,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  held 
■  evening  service,  and  preached  in  the  carpenter-shop 
at  Gap  Mines.  This  and  subsequent  meetings  tor 
divine  worship  in  the  carpenter-shop  led  to  and  re- 
sulted in  a  business  meeting,  held  Aug.  26,  1S5G,  at 
the  residence  of  Capt.  Williams,  when  it  wa.s  an- 
nounced that  the  Gap  Mining  Company  had  offered 
to  donate  a  lot  of  two  acres  of  land,  eligibly  situated 
for  a  church  and  graveyard;  and  it  wa^  then  decided 
that  Gap  Jlining  Company's  offer  be  accepted,  and 
that  trustees  be  appointed  to  solicit  subscriptions  for 
the  building  of  the  said  church,  whereupon  the  fol- 
lowing-named persons  were  duly  appointed,  viz.,  Dr. 
B.  B.  Killikelly,  of  Paradise;  James  Hopkin.s,  of 
Gap;  Adam  K.  Witnier,  of  Paradise;  Francis  Lytle, 
of  Bart;  John  Showaker,  of  Bart;  and  Capt.  Wil- 
liams, of  Gap  Mines. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  trustees,  held  Aug.  26,  L856, 
Capt.  Williams  was  elected  president,  and  Francis 
Lytle,  secretary;  and  at  the  same  meeting  Dr.  Killi- 
kelly and  John  Showaker  were  added  to  the  numljcr 
of  trustees,  to  form  with  them  a  building  committee. 

The  building  committee,  encouraged  by  the  favor 
the  enterprise  met  with,  coi\cluded  to  build  the  church 
of  stone,  thirty  by  si.xty  feet,  after  the  early  English 
pointed  style. 

On  Sept.  14,  1857,  the  corner-stone  was  laid  in  the 
presence  of  about  live  hundred  persons;  and  on  Dec. 
25,  1857,  the  builditig,  although  uncompleted,  was  so 
far  advanced  as  to  allow  of  divine  service  being  cele- 
brated in  it,  which  was  accordingly  done  bv  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Killikelly. 

On  April  5,  1858,  Easter  Monday,  the  organization 
of  a  parish,  according  to  the  rites  and  usages  of  the 
Protestant  Episcopal  Church  of  the  United  States  of  | 
North  America,  to  be  known  as  the  parish  of  Grace  1 
Free  Church,  Gap  Jlines,    Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  was 
completed,  and  the  ibllowing  seven  persons  were  duly  \ 
elected  vestrymen,  to  serve  one  year  from  that  time,  ' 
viz.,  John  Showaker,  John  Williams,  Francis  Lytle, 
William  W^  Withers,  George  Pogson,  David  Simp- 
son, and  James  Martin.     John  Showaker  and  John 
Williams  were  elected  church  wardens,  and  James 
Martin  secretary  of  the  vestry.     On  the  same  day  the  i 
vestry  duly  elected  the  Rev.  Dr.  15.  B.  Killikelly  rec-  | 
tor  of  the  church  and  parish.  ' 

On  Sept.'27,  1858,the  church  being  completed  and 
furnished,  was  dedicated  by  the  Ri-ht  Rev.  Samuel  I 
Bowman,  D.D.,    assistant  bishop  of  the    iliocese   of 
Pennsylvania,  the  wardens  and  vestry  assuming  the 


outstanding  debts  against  the  church  so  that  the 
church  could  \>e  consecrated.  Those  debts  were  soon 
after  paid  <;ff 

Jo^in  Showaker,  a  vestryman  and  warden,  who  had 
been  so  instrumental  in  the  building  of  the  cJiurch, 
was  the  first  to  he  laid  in  the  new  graveyard.  He 
was  buried  there  on  Dec.  1,  1S59. 

On  Nov.  1(1,  1860,  a  charter  for  the  church  was  ob- 
tained trom  the  Lancaster  County  court. 

Besides  the  before-named  vestrymen  the  following- 
named  persons  of  the  neighborhood  have  been  vestry- 
men at  some  period  since  tlie  organization  of  the 
parish,  viz.:  Levi  A.  Fogle,  E.  W^  Coffin,  John  Hey- 
berger,  Esq.,  James  Greer,  Joseph  Donoghue,  Wil- 
liam Nelson,  William  C.  Lytle,  Leonard  Picket,  J. 
William  Showaker,  Isaac  Smith,  John  Leech,  Jr., 
and  John  M.  Putter. 

The  original  members  were  Capt.  John  W^illiams 
an.l  wife,  Davis  Simpson  and  wife,  John  Showaker, 
Mi-s  Jane  Gossner,  James  Martin,  William  W. 
Withers,  Miss  Ann  Withers,  Mrs.  Francis  Lytle, 
Cieorge  Pogson  and  wife,  and  possiblv  one  or  two 
others. 

The  following  have  been  the  rectors  :  Rev.  Dr.  B.  B. 
Killikelly  (from  the  beginning  to  1863),  Rev.  William 
A.  White,  Rev.  Mr.  Ash,  Rev.  Mr.  Brouse  (from  1872 
to  1875),  Mr.  Burrows  (from  1875  to  1870),  Rev. 
Henry  C.  Pastoriu^  and  from  1879  to  the  present 
time.  Rev.  J.  Me.Vlj.inc  Harding. 

The  present  vestrymen  are  John  Hocking,  Henry 
Conner,  Samuel  A.  Hughes,  Esq.,  Thomas  H.  Webb, 
Christian  J.  Rapp,  John  B.  Murr.ay,  and  Capt.  Charles 
D<,ble.  The  wardens  are  Christian  J.  Rapp  an.l  Capt. 
Doble;  Sccretarv,  John  Hocking;  Treasurer,  Capt. 
Dohle. 

The  church  was  built  by  voluntary  contributions, 
and  it  is  free  of  debt.  Seating  capacity,  two  hundred. 
Pews  free.  Value,  two  thousand  d.dlars.  Services, 
alternate  Sundays  in  the  afternoon.  Sunday-school  is 
held  in  the  church  six  months  in  each  year;  averaee 
attendance,  eighty.  Ollicers  of  the  Sunday-school, 
John  Hocking,  superintendent;  Thomas  H.  Webb, 
librarian  ;  and  Ca[it.  Doble,  secretary  and  treasurer. 

Settlers  in  Bart.— The  following  were  inhabitants 

.<Lithiir.\nJiew=..  Sari.uul  CouU«r. 


Ilri'i 


Williiim  I 
Siiniuel  [I 
WUIiaii.  ] 


Duvid  lUiinith. 
HieroDyniiis  lleckniE 
llonry  Heidclboiigli. 


Bjfu 


Duble. 


lAO 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Henry  Heckm.ui. 
Jiiinesllcniy. 
Put.icfc  Henry. 
J.icub  Hickuraii. 

Patrick  McTire 
Henry  Miller. 
Pady  McCherry 
J.din  McCarter. 

Jiiniea  Ili.rvey. 

Francis  McHrld 

Jiimus  Ilnalon. 
TTiiCriel  llolmes. 
Richard  Ivers. 

F.a..oisNeaff. 
Henry  Null. 
William  Noble. 

Sllimiel  Jenkins. 
Samnel  Kyle. 
Dounken  ICiiniin. 

Ow.n  O'Neil. 
Samnel  I'uxton. 
.\ndre«  Paxton 

Thomus  Ivunudy. 
Daniel  Kiiniidy. 

John  Paxton. 
John  P.il. 

Tln.inas  Lackey. 
Lawrence  Liskey. 

Si, mud  Itamsey 
U.il,erl  Itumsey 

George  Leonard. 
Jacob  Loaey. 
James  Laskey. 
William  McClure. 

Thomas  liamsey 
Uoh.rt  llnmsey 
Daniel  UeeJ. 
W.Uiam  Itichar 

Arcliil.aUl  McDowoll. 

John  Richsldso 

James  McClure. 

.\i,dr,.«-  liusicd. 

Wilhani  Mailing. 
Jolm  McCarlei. 
Mo.es  McCarter. 

Ih-njy   Hotkey. 
1%-t.r  Sli.arer. 

entee  of  six  huiulred  acres  ardiind  Georgetown; 
William  MfCliire,  the  greal-gramirather  of  Joseph 
McClure,  near  Green  Tree  inn,  1750;  John  Noble, 
William  Laughlin,  Josiah  Kern,  Ale.xantler  Mc- 
Dowell, Alexander  Works,  William  Brasson,  Thomas 
Smith,  James  Laughlin,  Ale.xan(ler  Gallutly," Joseph 
Miller,  James  JliUer,  Henry  Eekman,  Jacob  Eck- 
iiian,  1703;  Abraham  Behm,  Jacob  Behm,  1757;  Ben- 
jamin Graff,  171)8;  Samuel  Johnson,  1769;  Patrick 
Ewing,  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  1777,  and  in  1784 
elected  a  councilor;  Gottlieb  Hartman,  Rev.  Juliii 
Smith,  John  Culhertson,  1780;  William  Richardson, 
Andrew  Miller,  1790;  Robert  Risk,  George  Jlilhirt, 
1S07. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  non-associators  that  were 
assessed  three  ])(junds  ten  shillings  each  in  1777: 


Marl 


Alexan.ler  Mays, 
Martin  Miller. 
Isaiah  McUride. 
George  Morrow. 
Jamea  Miller. 
Siimuel  filoore. 


Matthew  Seoy. 
Widow  Scott. 
Micliael  Tiout. 
Robert  Teniiilel 


Andrew  \Vork,  Esq.,  was  elected  county  commis- 
sioner in  1744,  and  sheriff  in  1749-50.  He  was 
appointed  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  1750,  and  he 
commanded  a  company  of  associators  in  the  French 
and  Lidiaii  war.  He  was  a  magistrate  till  1793.  He 
was  probably  well  advanced  in  years  at  the  time  of 
the  Revolutionary  war,  or  he  would  have  taken  a 
more  active  part  in  the  struggle.  Samuel  Ramsey,  of 
Bart,  was  his  lieutenant  in  1756,  and  Jtdm  McCarter, 
of  the  same  township,  was  his  ensign.  In  1758  there 
were  also  Samuel,  John,  and  Alexander  Work,  prob- 
ably brothers  of  Andrew,  George  Warfel,  David 
Wales,  John  Witinore,  Joseph  Walker,  Conrad  Waltz, 
Jacob  Waggoner,  George  White,  James  WiUson, 
David  Watson,  James  Wilson,  Matthew  Young. 

In  1750,  James  Snodgrass  died,  leaving  children, — 
William,  Ann,  Sarah,  Elizabeth,  Mary,  James.  The 
same  year  Alexander  Snodgrass  left  children, — 
William,  James,  Robert,  Alexander,  and  Thomas. 

In  1784,  Hieronymus  Eckmaii  left  children,— 
John  Martin,  Barbara,  Eve,  Jacob,  Hieionymus, 
Magdalena,  and  Esther. 

In  1787,  James  Miller  left  children,  Eleanor  and 
Andrew. 

In  addition  to  these  it  appears  that  the  following 
were  residents  of  the  township,  or  owned  land 
therein:  John  Kyle,  prior  to  1730;  Samuel  Kyle, 
1742;  Leonard  File,  James  Money,  Thomas  Cooper, 
Calvin  Cooper,  Samuel  Tatta,  William  Slaymaker, 
1744;  William  Downing,  before  1747,  in  which  year 
he  built  a  mill  ;  Felix  15aughman,  the  original  pat- 


James  Kullu 

JohuCil.lsH. 


Daniel  McCready. 


BART   TOWNSHIP. 


«71 


Henry  Ruckey. 
Julin  Umimey. 
Agness  liiclmrdsoii 
Aruhil.iil.l  Mc-Kea.iy 
Robert  KiUiiM-y  A  S. 
Widow  RaniSL-y. 
George  Ruckey. 
Jolui  liiisdell. 


^     Wiiliain  Spenie. 

Iloliu.tWilar.n. 

Alvxan.ler  SIcBriUa 

Jumes  Thumi.bon. 

Saumel  Slmiiun. 

Julii,  C.tliniii. 

The  justices  of  the 

peace  elected  in  llie  townsliip  of 

Bart  since  1840  have 

been 

1840.  John  Kid,!. 

1805.  John  Jl.  IleyLargor. 

James  CulJwell. 

WilliumS.  JViroe. 

1846.  John  Kid,l. 

1807.  (leu.-u  \Vliil,,..i. 

JiiMies  CuMwell. 

187U    S„mud  A.  Hughes. 

1880.  James  ftiUlwell. 

1872.  Ueurgo  Wiiiteoii. 

18il.  U;hvrt  Kv;u>8. 

1875.  Smju.I  a.  Hughes, 

l«oo.  Willh.mS.Fe,re6. 

1877.  Ileiuy  Banghmun. 

Isuiic  Slmrp. 

1880.  Sumiiel  A.  II.ighe». 

I860.  John  M.  ilfvberger. 

1.M8J.   Ila.vej  B^ughmniK 

Wilh.,n,  S.  Fe,  ,ee.  | 

Georgetown.' — This  town  was  laid  out  in  1819  by 
Samuel  Ferguson,  who  was  then  the  owner  of  three 
hiiiulred  acres  of  laud  here,  thirty  of  wliich  he  laid 
out  in  town  lots,  which  he  disposed  of  by  lottery. 
The  shares  or  tickets  in  this  lottery  were  sold  at 
sixty  dollars  each,  and  there  were  no  blanks  to  be 
drawn.  The  two  grand  prizes  were  the  tavern-house 
and  lot,  valued  at  three  thousand  dollars,  and  a  lot 
on  the  opposite  corner,  where  now  is  the  residence  of 
James  1'.  lUissel,  on  which  there  was  a  blacksmith- 
shop,  valued  at  three  hundred  dollars. 

There  were  then  in  the  town  nine  dwellings,  three 
of  which  were  hotels  or  licensed  taverns,  and  two 
stores.  The  place  bore  the  undesirable  and  inelegant 
name  of  Hardscrabble,  by  which  it  was  known  during 
many  years.  The  Hardscrabble  Fair  was  at  that  time 
a  great  institution,  usually  commencing  on  the  first 
Thursday  in  August  and  continuing  three  days. 

The  town  has  had  a  gradual  steady  growth,  and  it 
now  has  forty  dwelling-houses,  some  of  them  double, 
forty-nine  families,  and  one  hundred  and  ninety  in- 
habitants. 

The  following  are  tlie  business  establishments  in 
the  town:  Atkins  &  Palmer,  general  merchandise 
and  drugs  ;  William  S.  Ferree,  general  merchandise; 
James  P.  Russel,  variety  and  confectionery-store ; 
Benjamin  Fritz,  hotel ;  Charles  Quigley  and  William 
Starret,  blacksmiths ;    Joseph   Scott,   wagon-maker ; 

1  lly  William  S.  Forree,  Ksq. 


Solomon  Ilanier  and  George  Pogson,  shoemakers; 
Rea  I'hamberlin,  saddler;  Ellis  P.  Moore,  dentist 
and  piintcr;  Jolm  Martin  and  Jerome  Keeley,  physi- 
cians; Je.',=.e  i'\lcColester,  tailor;  Samuel  A.  Hughes, 
justice  of  the  peace.  The  town  has  two  well-kept 
schools,  aod  it  is  a  pleasant  country  village. 

Nickel-Mines. — This  hamlet,  one  and  a  half  miles 
north  from  Georgetown,  has  been  spoken  of  in  the 
history  of  the  mines.  Bartville,  in  the  southern  part, 
near  the  line  between  Bart  and  Colerain,  has  a  store 
and  a  few  houses.  Nine  Points,  so  named  from  the 
convergence  of  several  roads  at  that  point,  is  in  the 
southeastern  part,  and  in  addition  to  a  collection 
of  dwellings,  there  is  a  store  there.  Mount  Pleasant 
is,  as  its  name  indicates,  a  pleasant  and  thriving 
hamlet. 

Green  Tree. — When  and  by  whom  Green  Tree  Inn 
w:is  built  is  not  certainly  known.  The  first  patentee 
of  the  land  at  that  time  was  George  Leonard,  who 
on  the  (ith  of  November,  1739,  took  up  one  hundred 
and  four  acres.  This  he  sold  to  James  McConnell 
Nov.  12,  1742.  It  afterward  became  the  property  of 
John  McCarter,  who  sold  a  part  of  it,  with  other  par- 
cels of  land,  to  James  Parry.  In  1763  Mr.  Parry 
sold  to  Thomas  and  William  Smith.  These  gentle- 
men, who  had  been  the  owners  of  Martic  furnace, 
laid  out  a  town  here  called,  after  them,  Smithsburg. 
The  town  included  nineteen  acres,  and  was  shaped 
like  a  boot,  with  the  toe  pointing  up  along  the  east 
side  of  the  run  at  thai  place.  James  Fulton,  a  son- 
in-law  of  Mr.  Smith,  and  afterward  the  father  of  the 
famous  Robert  Fulton,  became  a  purchaser  from  Mr. 
Smith,  and  in  1704  he  sold  to  Robert  Thompson,  of 
Bart,  a  shopkeeper,  after  whom  it  was  for  a  time 
called  Thompsontown.  No  vestige  of  the  town  is 
to  be  seen,  but  the  old  inn  remains  with  but  little 
change,  a  veritable  relic  of  the  long  ago.  The  quaint 
old  sign-board,  with  the  original  device,  a  tree  in  full 
foliage,  i)ainted  thereon,  still  invites  the  weary  way- 
farer to  rest  beneath  the  roof  that  has  been  a  shelter 
for  travelers  during  (irobably  a  century  and  a  half. 
One  or  two  mechanic  shops  are  near  the  inn,  and  the 
township  elections  have  long  been  held  there. 


HIOGKArHIGAL    SKETCH. 


J.\MK.S    J.40KS0.\. 
James  Jackson  w.is  born  in  Londonderry  township, 
I  Chester   Co.,  Pa.,  on   the   IGtIi  of   the  fourth    month 
!  (April),  18U5.     He  was  the  descendant,  in  the  sixth 
j  generation,  from  first,  Anthony  Jackson,  who  was  born 
in  Eccleston,  parish  of  St.  Michael,  Lancashire,  Eng- 
land, about  the  beginning  of  the  second  quarter  of 
j  the  seventeenth  century,  settled  with  an  elder  brother, 
Richard,  in    1(549,  in    Lurgan,    Province   of    Ulster, 
I  Ireland. 


672 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUxXTY". 


Second,  Isaac  Jackson,  born  in  1605,  married  Ann, 
dangliter  of  Rowland  Evans,  County  of  Wicklow,  | 
Feb.  20,  KiOG  (0.  S.),  emigrated  to  America  iii  1725,  ' 
settled  at  Harmony  Grove  Farm,  near  West  Gnne  , 
village,  Cbcster  Co.,  and  died  in  1750,  aged  eighty-  ] 
six  years.  Isaac  and  Ann  Jackson  bad  ten  ebildren, 
viz.:  Rebecca,  Tbomas,  Isaac  (1st),  Alice,  AViUiam,  I 
Mary,  James,  Isaac  (2d),  John,  and  Isaac  (3d).  I 

Third,  William  Jackson,  lillh  child  above,  born 
Feb.  24,  1705,  marri.  .1,  Sf|.t.  1),  ]70;i,  Katharine, 
daughter  of  James  and  Katharine  Miller,  members 
of  Tunahoe  Jleeting  of  Friends  in  Ireland.  William 
died  Nov.  24,  1785,  aged  eighty  years.  His  wife  died 
April  12,  1781.  He  is  described  as  a  man  of  "in- 
dustry, frugality,  and  unswerving  integrity." 

Fourth,  James  Jackson,  born  Nov.  3,  173(J,  married 
JIary,  daughter  of  Joseph  and  Susanna  (MiMcr) 
Jackson,  June  19,  17G0,  who  was  born  March  27, 
]73><,  died  Aug.  30,  1812.  .Tames  dic<l  April  11, 
1817. 

Fifth,  Josiab  Jackson,  born  Jan.  17,  1773,  married 
JIary,  daughter  of  Caleb  and  Ruhaney  Sharpless,  of 
Christiana  Hundred,  Del.,  Jan.  30,  1799,  who  was 
born  Aug.  20,  1777,  and  died  March  20,  1817. 

Sixth,  James  Jackson,  subject  of  this  sketch.  On 
his  mother's  side  he  was  a  lineal  descendant  of  John 
and  Ann  Sharpless,  who  left  England  on  account  of 
religious  persecution,  being  followers  of  George  Fox, 
as  were  also  the  Jacksons.  They  landed  at  Upland, 
now  Chester,  Pa.,  on  the  14th  of  sixth  montli,  1082 
(O.  S.).  Taking  their  few  efiects,  they  wended  their 
way  up  Ridley  Creek  about  a  mile  and  a  half,  and 
built  their  cabin  in  the  wilderness,  against  a  large  rock. 
He  took  up  a  large  tract  of  land,  most  of  which  after 
the  lapse  of  two  hundred  years  is  still  owned  by  the 
Sharplos  iiimily.  Josiah  Jackson,  father  of  James, 
died  wlicM  the  latter  was  but  twelve  yearsof  age.  His 
mother  being  a  woman  of  energy  and  perseverance, 
took  upon  herself  the  charge  of  the  homestead,  some- 
what encumbered  with  debt,  kept  her  boys  at  work, 
sending  them  to  school  only  a  few  weeks  in  the  winter 
season,  and  as  they  arrived  at  what  she  thought  a 
suitable  age,  had  them  apprenliced  to  learn  trades, 
much,  however,  against  the  wislies  of  her  son  James, 
whose  strong  inclination  and  desire  was  to  study  law, 
witli  a  view  eventually  of  following  that  profession  ; 
but  being  overruled  in  his  wishes  by  his  mother,  he 
was  sent  to  Duponl's  Rank  to  learn  the  trade  of  a 
luller,  or  woolen  manufacturer.  The  society  into 
which  he  was  thus  thrown  would  have  wrecked  many 
characters,  as  it  was  one  in  which  hard  drink  was  the 
custom;  but  his  "  Jackson  firmness"  preserved  him, 
and  after  serving  liis  time  as  an  apprentice,  and  re- 
maining a  nliort  time  as  a  journeyman,  he  visited 
home  lor  a  few  months,  and  returned  again  to  the 
factory,  but  not  to  tarry  long,  for  scarcely  had  he 
commenced  work,  when  lie  was  called  upon  to  furnish 
money  to  treat  all  the' hands  in  the  Mjill.  Giving  the 
money,  he  lelt  his  loom  and  resigned  his  place,  where- 


upo 


d   to 


ictory. 


mill." 

Afterrfhis  he  bought  a 
erected   thereon  a  small 
on  business  a  few  years,  durini; 
ried    Abigail    Rake^traw,  dau 
Marv  (Li 
Her  fath. 
who   emi 


ther's  farm,  and 

hich  he  carried 

1   time  he  mar- 

)f  Thomas  and 

ncott)  Rakestraw,  8th  nionth  20th,  1829. 

■as  the  grandson  of  Anthony  Rakestraw, 

ted    from    Wales.      Her    mother   was   of 


English  extraction,  her  ancestry  being  traced  back 
to  the  Lipjiincotts,  who  were  also  Friends  and  left 
England  hoping  to  find  religious  liberty  in  the  colony 
of  Massachusetts  ;  but  during  the  terrible  persecu- 
tions of  the  Friends  there  they  returned  to  the 
mother-country,  but  afterwards  tried  their  fortunes  in 
the  New  World  in  New  Jersey,  about  the  time  of  the 
settlement  of  Pennsylvania. 

Mr.  Jackson  continued  to  carry  on  the  factory  about 
two  years  after  his  marriage,  but  it  not  agreeing  with 
bis  health  to  work  in  the  mill,  he  sold  his  small  farm 
and  factory,  and  bought  a  much  larger  farm  adjoin- 
ing, where  he  pursued  the  business  of  agriculture' 
until  1841,  when  he  moved  to  Bart  township,  Lancas- 
ter County,  settling  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  his 
son,  James  J.  Jackson.  Here  for  a  number  of  years 
he  carried  on  the  lime  busin.ss^  al-o  improved  Ida 
larm,  and  erected  thereon  a  lull  mI  ollaiin  buildings. 

In  the  year  1872  he  built  loi  himself  a  new  house 
on  the  part  of  his  farm  now  owned  by  his  daiigliter, 
Lydia  F.  Jackson,  where  he  lived  till  his  death,  4th 


:nitl 


0th,  18S1.     His  V 
lere  buried  at  the  ^ 


recommended 
5  very  liberal  i 


They  ■ 
groun 
He 
Friends,  was  v 
no   creeds,    dogmas,   or 
reason  or  philosophy.    H 
such    as    Jesus    taiy;ht, 
works  than  in  mysterious 
est   intellect   cannot    uni 


rt  Me, 


iionth  3d,  1881. 
Ilon^e  burying- 


bfli^.f, 


ies,  th; 
lie    \ 


the  Society  of 
subscribed  to 
nsistent  with 
-day  religion, 
her  in  good 
the  profound- 
i  one  of  the 
early  abolitionists,  and  hi-  <io.ii  was  always  open  to 
the  Hying  iugitive,  wlnnn  he  would  help  on  his  way 
to  a  place  of  safety.  In  1852,  during  the  excitement 
attending  the  "Christiana  Riot,"  he  was  indicted  for 
high  treason,  though  he  was  not  on  the  ground  dur- 
ing the  light,  but  went  there  after  hearing  the  reports 
of  the  guns.  ,  Through  the  leniency  of  the  marshal, 
Anthony  I!.  Roberts,  he  was  never  arrested,  but  his 
family  sull'ered  great  annoyances,  the  house  being 
twice  searched  by  bands  of  roughs  who  were  hunting 
for  colored  men  he  had  bad  in  his  employ,  and  they 
often  knew  that  spies  were  watching  them.  He  was 
opposed  U>  all  war,  w.is  a  str.mg  advocate  of  temper- 
ance, not  much  of  a  polilinan,  but,  if  he  did  vote,  he 
was  first  a  Whig  and  allcrwards  a  Republican.  As  a 
monev-loaner  he  was  cauUous,  but  very  conscientious, 
never  taking  a  bonus  IV. mi  any  one,  but  often  loaidng 
his    monev    below   the    legal    rate.      No    man    in    his 


\\ 


li 


^^^^/-^t^^   /  ^l^/^-. 


BRECKNOCK   TOWNSHIP. 


673 


neighborhood  was  more  uniformly  respected.  As  a 
religious  teacher  he  was  most  highly  esteemed  in 
the  Society  of  Friends,  and  his  memory  is  greatly  re- 
vered, not  only  by  his  large  family  of  children  and 
grandchildren,  but  by  the  entire  community  in  which 
he  spent  a  long  and  useful  life. 

The  children  of  James  and  Abitrail  Juck^ju  are  as 
follows:  Mary  R.,  born  July  4,  KS.'id,  wife  of  Jo.-ciih 
H.  Brosius,  a  farmer  in  Sadsbury  township  (three 
children," Ella,  Idella,  and  Anna  Mary);  Thomas  R., 
born  Nov.  28,  1832,  drowned  Aug.  28,  1834;  Eliza, 
born  May  7,  1834,  wife  of  Tliomas  Baker,  farmer  in 
Coleraine  township  (five  children  living, — Abbie,  Al- 
lison, James  Eui^ene,  Xanthus,  and  Lewis);  Edith 
Ann,  born  July  22,  1835,  died  Dec.  13,  1842;  Lydia 
T.,  born  April  7,  1837,  lived  with  her  father  and 
mother  until  their  death,  at  present  time  with  her 
brother,  James  J.;  William  L.,  born  March  15,  1839, 
married  Lydia  W.,  daughter  of  George  and  Hannah 
Walton,  born  Dec.  2G,  1842,  farmer  in  Sadsbury 
township  (five  children,  Hannah  B.,  James  H.,  Mary 
F.,  Elsie  Louisa,  and  Jessie  W.)  ;  Thomas  Elwood, 
born  Sept.  5,  1842,  farmer  in  Bart  township,  married 
Annetta  Lucilla,  daughter  of  Owen  and  Sarah  Ann 
Williams,  who  was  born  May  14,  1841  (children, 
James  Norwood  and  Thomas  Baker) ;  James  Josiah, 
born  Nov.  4,  1845,  owning  and  occupying  the  home- 
stead farm,  married  Josephine,  daughter  of  Abner 
and  Abbie  (Andrews)  Davis,  who  was  born  .March  KJ, 
1849  (children,  Abner  Davis,  Abbie,  Alley  Klwooil, 
Bertha  Kirkwood,  and  Ralph  Garfield). 


CHAPTER    XXXIX. 

BRECKNOCK    TOWNaHIP.i 

This  was  not  one  of  the  original  townships  erected 
in  1729.  Careful  research  in  the  Quarter  Sessions 
records  fails  to  show  that  any  petition  was  presented 
or  any  action  of  the  court  taken  in  reference  to  the 
organization  of  a  township  by  this  name.  The  first 
record  of  the  county  commissioners  contains  the  as- 
sessments of  the  difi'erent  townships,  but  the  name 
of  Brecknock  does  not  appear  until  Jan.  10,  1740, 
when  the  township  is  mentioned  with  an  assessed 
valuation  of  £2  2s.  Leonard  Pridestou  was  the  col- 
lector. The  lack  of  a  record  of  the  organization  of 
Brecknock  renders  it  difficult  to  determine  from  what 
township  it  was  taken  or  what  was  the  extent  of  its 
territory.  In  1752,  when  Berks  County  was  erected, 
the  northeast  ]>ortion  of  the  township  became  a  part 
of  thai  county,  ami  retained  the  name  of  Brecknock 
iu  the  new  organization.  Since  that  time  the  terri- 
tory of  the  township  has  remained  unchanged. 


1  By  Johu  B. 


The  name  Brecknock,  as  well  as  that  of  the  ad- 
joining township  of  Caernarvon,  is  of  Welsh  origin. 
There  were  early  settlers,  immigrants  from  Wales, 
who  scught  and  found  homes  along  the  head-waters 
of  the  Conestoga.  It  was  but  natural  for  them  to 
transplant 'names  fiimiliar  and  dear  to  them  in  the 

ocean. 

The  surface  of  this  townsliip  is  diversified  by  hills, 
generally  rocky  and  wooded,  and  valleys  traversed  by 
streams  of  clear  water.  From  the  summits  of  some 
of  the  hills  situated  in  its  northern  portion,  the  Fur- 
nace Ridge,  sjmrs  of  the  ISlue  Mountains,  are  descried 
towards  the  north,  rearing  their  blue,  misty  fi)nns  in 
the  dim  distance.  Its  south  and  west  borders  are 
fin'med  by  branches  of  Muddy  Creek,  which,  with 
one  or  two  other  branches  that  traverse  the  interior, 
combine  to  form  the  Big  Muddy  Creek,  which  falls 
into  the  Conestoga  at  Ilinkletown.  On  the  north- 
east it  is  bounded  on  Berks  County  by  a  line  running 
northwest  and  ;-uutliea>t  through  a  very  rough  and 
mountainous  cduiitiy,  where  in  some  localities  un- 
wiehly  iron  rocks  are  piled  on  each  other  iu  huge 
pyramids.  Here  the  magnetic  needle,  attracted  by 
ferruginous  matter  in  the  earth,  deviates  in  some 
places  ten  to  twelve  degrees  from  its  true  position. 

There  are  traditions  that  Swiss  emigrants  settled 
here  because  they  thought  the  face  of  the  country 
resembled  the  rugged  scenery  of  their  old  homes. 
Among  others  there  was  a  family  named  Mosser,  who 
owned  a  large  tract  of  this  mountainous  territory, 
which  was  generally  known  in  the  neighborhood  as 
"  Die  Schweitz."  There  are  several  places  here  that 
almost  deserve  the  title  of  natural  curiosities.  One 
is  known  as  "The  Devil's  Cave,"  a  collection  of  large 
bowlders  piled  on  each  other  in  confuwion.  It  appears 
as  if  the  earth  had  been  gradually  washed  away  from 
between  these  rocks,  leaving  large  openings  wide 
enough  for  a  human  being  to  enter  to  a  considerable 
distance  and  in  various  directions.  Another  is  called 
"  The  Rock  Cellar."  This  is  an  apartment  of  consid- 
erable dimensions,  of  regular  shape,  formed  in  the 
solid  rocks,  easy  of  access,  with  light  through  the 
crevices  of  the  walls.  Here  it  is  well  known  that 
drafted  militiamen  during  tlie  Revolutionary  war, 
preferring  the  lives  of  hermits  to  the  dangers  of  the 
Continental  army  in  the  tented  field,  found  a  compara- 
tively sale  ret,reat  Irom  the  pursuit  of  the  provost-mar- 
shal's guard.  One  of  these  refugees  was  a  cooper  by 
trade,  and  iu  these  mountain  solitudes  followed  his 
occupation,  where,  no  doubt,  there  was  a  plentiful 
supply  of  wood  for  staves  and  hoop-poles. 

The  first  settlements  seem  to  have  been  made  in 
the  valleys  of  the  Black  Muddy  Creek  and  that  branch 
on  which  Good's  mill  was  erected.  The  earliest  war- 
rants issued  out  of  the  land-oifice  bear  date  in  1737. 
On  Jan.  9,  1737,  a  warrant  was  obtained  by  ilobert 
Warburton,  in  jiursuance  of  which  a  tract  of  one  Inin- 


674 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


dred  and  seventy-seven  acres  and  the  usual  allowance 
of  six  per  cent,  for  roads  was  surveyed.  This  tract  ex- 
tended across  Black  Muddy  Creek  into  Earl  township. 
The  title  to  it,  by  mesne  conveyances,  having  become 
vested  in  William  Morris,  he  obtained  a  patent  for  it 
dated  Jan.  21,  1768. 

In  pursuance  of  another  warrant  dated  Dec.  21, 
1737,  a  tract  of  two  hundred  and  thirty-one  acres  and 
allowance  was  surveyed  on  May  13,  173S,  and  also  pat- 
ented to  said  William  Morris,  Oct.  12,  1742.  This 
tract  adjoins  the  above  and  also  extended  into  Earl 
township. 

The  name  of  William  Morris  stands  prominent 
among  the  early  settlers  of  Brecknock.  Who  he  was 
and  where  he  came  from  is  not  known,  but  the  orthog- 
raphy of  his  name  indicates  rather  Welsh  than  Teu- 
tonic extraction.  He  purchased  extensive  tracts  of 
land  from  the  Penns,  who  were  the  proprietors  of  the 
soil,  and  some  time  afterwards,  on  having  sold  a  part 
of  said  land  to  Jacob  Schneder,  erected  substantial 
sandstones,  with  the  initials  of  his  name  legibly  en- 
graved thereon,  as  landmarks  to  designate  the  boun- 
daries of  his  estate. 

From  one  to  two  miles  farther  north,  on  another 
branch  of  Muddy  Creek,  near  the  site  of  the  present 
village  of  Bowmansville,  Jacob  Good'  and  Christian 
Good,  two  brothers,  with  their  brother-in-law,  John 
Musselman,  with  their  respective  families,  settled 
about  the  same  time.  These  emigrants  were  Men- 
nonites  from  the  Palatinate.  As  the  adjoining  town- 
ship of  Ear!  and  the  valley  of  the  Conestoga  in  gen- 
eral had  been  settled  at  an  earlier  period,  principally 
by  emigrants  from  the  same  country  and  of  like  relig- 
ious faith,  they  received  considerable  friendly  assist- 
ance from  that  quarter.  Jacob  Gooil,  arriving  at  the 
spot  chosen  for  the  erection  of  his  new  home,  on  the 
right  bank  of  the  stream,  a  short  distance  below  the 
confluence  of  the  two  forks  of  the  middle  branch  of 
Muddy  Creek,  about  a  mile  below  Bowmansville,  took 
lodging  under  the  inviting  shelter  of  a  patriarchal 
white-oak  tree,  where  he  deposited  such  household 
goods  as  he  had  brought  along  with  him,  and  with 
the  assistance  of  his  friends,  the  Zimmermans,  from 
Earl,  commenced  the  erection  of  such  a  house  as  the 
times  and  circumstances  would  permit.  lie  at  once 
purchased  the  ground  on  which  he  had  settled  with 
his  family.  The  deed,  which  is  from  John  Penn,  is 
dated  in  1738,  and  embraced  a  tract  of  six  hundred 
and  twenty-eight  acres  and  the  usual  allowance. 

This  new  home  was  completely  isolated  from  the 
rest  of  the  civilized  world.  Its  inmates  were  ignorant 
of  the  existence  of  any  neiglibors  until  one  day  the 
clarion  vpice  of  a  cock  greeted  the  ears  of  the  pnter- 
fami/iim  wliile  wandering  through  the  woods  at  some 
distance  from  his  liouse.  This  led  to  the  joyous  dis- 
covery that  other  settlers  had  also  come  to  the  same 
neighborhood.     Then  their  Immediate  surroundiiifrs 


■iginally  were  Gutb  aud  1 


were  anything  but  assuring  and  calculated  to  inspire 
I  them  with  confidence.  The  country  was  a  wilderness, 
one  vast  forest,  inhabited  by  wild  beasts  and  Indians. 
As  yet  there  were  no  roads,  no  houses,  gardens,  fields, 
or  orchards. 

Jacob  Ciood  had  but  two  children,  both  sons,  named 
respectively  Peter  and  Jacob.  He  divided  the  ample 
Iiaternal  domain  equally  between  them.  Peter  with 
his  family  afterwards  removed  to  Cumberland  County. 
The  younger  Jacob  was  twice  married,  and  had  five 
sons  and  one  daughter  with  his  first  and  four  sons  and 
one  daughter  with  his  second  wife.  With  his  liiat 
wife  and  her  children  he  emigrated  to  Virginia.  His 
descendants  by  his  first  wife  are  still  residing  in  the 
neighborhood,  some  of  them  on  part  of  the  original 
tract. 

Half  a  mile  higher  up  on  the  south  fork  of  aaid 
branch  of  Muddy  Creek,  and  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile 
south  from  Bowmansville,  Christian  Good,  brother  of 
Jacob  Good,  the  elder,  settled,  and  erected  the  first 
grist-mill  in  the  township,  occupying  the  spot  where 
the  large  fiouring-mill  of  Mr.  Henry  Von  Neida  is 
now  situated.  The  original  tract  on  which  this  brother 
settled  was  bounded  on  the  north  by  a  line  running 
nearly  due  east  and  west  through  the  present  village 
of  Bowmansville;  on  the  west  by  the  stream  forming 
the  boundary  between  him  and  his  brother  Jacob 
until  its  confluence  with  the  mill-stream,  thence  south- 
erly to  Casper  Messner's  land,  which  adjoined  it  on  the 
south.  On  the  east  its  boundaries  are  riot  definitely 
known.  WHiile  this  tract  included  a  large  area,  it  is 
believed  that  it  was  still  considerably  smaller  than  the 
extensive  territory  of  his  brother. 

Whether  the  mill  was  built  originally  of  wood  or 
stone  is  not  known,  but  tradition  says  that  the  mill 
and  the  dwelling  were  all  under  .one  roof.  Later  a 
stone  mill  and  se|)arate  stone  dwelling-houses  were 
erected,  which  were  removed  to  make  places  for  more 
modern  structures  within  the  memory  of  many  persona 
now  living.  In  one  of  these  dwellings  religious  ser- 
vices were  held  before  the  erection  of  a  separate  meet- 
ing-house. It  is  possible  tluit  there  was  a  time  when 
the  same  building  simultaneously  served  the  purposes 
of  a  mill,  dwelling-house,  and  church. 

Christian  Good  raised  a  family  of  seventeen  chil- 
dren,— six  sons  and  eleven  daughters.  One  of  the 
sons,  named  Jacob,  was  the  grandfather  of  the  com- 
jiiler  of  these  memoirs.  His  will  remains  on  file 
among  the  old  and  musty  papers  in  tlie  register's  ofiico 
at  Lancaster.  It  is  dated  Muddy  Creek,  Aug.  11, 1757. 
There  is  a  paper  filed  with  it  which  serves  but  a  poor 
apology  for  a  translation.  A  memorandum  of  its  pro- 
bate in  Will-Book  B,  page  184,  states  that  the  will, 
being  -in  German,  could  not  be  recorded.  The  will 
commences  with  a  quotation  from  Hebrew  ix.  17: 
"  A  testament  is  of  force  after  men  are  dead,"  and 
provides  that  the  widow  (named  Magdalena)  and 
children  should  continue  the  family  till  the  youngest 
was  fourteen  years  old.     The  executors  were  Marks 


BRECKNOCK   TOWNSHIP. 


675 


Groff  (believed  to  be  a  son  of  tbe  famous  Hans)  and 
John  Good,  tbe  oldest  son,  and  concludes  witli  an 
exhortation  to  tbe  latter  to  be  a  proper  example  to 
his  younger  brothers  and  sisters,  wbile  tbey  in  turn 
are  admonished  to  be  obedient  and  subject  to  him. 

At  the  same  time  U737)  John  Musselman  located 
on  a  tract  of  land  about  one  niile  north  from  tbe  mill, 
and  along  the  north  fork  of  said  branch  of  Muddy 
Creek,  where  until  lately  some  of  his  lineal  descendants 
resided,  who  used  to  relate  the  sayings  of  their  great- 
grandsire,  that  when  be  wisiied  to  earn  a  regular  day's 
wages  he  could  not  obtain  work  nearer  home  than  in 
the  neighborhood  of  New  Holland,  a  distance  of  over 
eight  miles.  Between  the  Christian  Good  and  John 
Musselman  tracts  a  farm  of  one  hundred  and  thirty 
acres  was  located,  which  at  the  time  of  the  Revolu- 
tion and  afterwards  belonged  to  Ullich  Burkholder, 
of  whom  more  will  be  said  hereafter. 

About  one  mile  farther  north  from  Musselmau's 
place  Francis  Diller,  a  Swiss,  erected  the  first  distil- 
lery in  Brecknock,  on  land  which  until  recently  be- 
longed to  the  Steffys.  Farther  south  from  the  place 
where  the  Goods  first  settled,  on  both  sides  of  the 
creek,  Francis  Eckert  took  up  the  tract  of  land  after- 
wards owned  by  the  Messners,  and  east  of  the  Goods' 
settlement  Hermann  Deis  settled  on  a  tract  afterwards 
owned  by  tbe  Kern  family. 

Another  tract  of  land  containing  two  hundred  and 
seventy  acres  and  allowance  was  surveyed  in  pursu- 
ance of  a  warrant  issued  to  Casper  Mason,  wiiich  was 
the  Anglicized  name  of  Messner,  dated  June  15,  174S, 
afterwards  patented  to  liini  Dec.  11,  17G0,  the  patent 
being  recorded  at  Philadelphia,  in  Patent-Book  .\A, 
vol.  ii.  page  118.  This  tract  adjoined  the  herein- 
before named  Jacob  Good  and  Christian  Good  and 
others. 

Probably  about  the  date  of  this  patent  the  dwell- 
ing-house, which  still  remains  standing  and  continues 
to  be  used  as  a  farm-house,  was  erected  on  this  tract. 
It  is  a  two-story  stone  building,  with  high  peaked 
roof,  resting  on  extraordinary  heavy  framework,  the 
main  rafters  of  which  are  over  a  foot  in  thickness. 
There  are  still  some  outbuildings  in  the  yard  covered 
with  tile  which  in  all  probability  once  formed  a  [jart 
of  the  roof  of  this  house.  There  are  only  two  apart- 
ments on  the  first  floor,  a  kitchen  and  a  room  with  an 
enormously  large  stone  chimney  between  them,  con- 
taining a  proportionately  capacious  fireplace  on  the 
first  floor  in  the  kitchen,  and  a  smaller  fireidace  on 
the  second  floor,  the  chimney  being  double  from  tbe 
second  floor  upwards.  The  window-sashes,  originally 
of  lead,  have  long  ago  been  changed  into  wooden  sash, 
except  a  small  remnant  of  the  old  relic  which  still 
remains  in  one  of  the  kitchen  windows. 

Tradition  says  that  at  the  period  of  its  erection  a 
two-story  stone  dwelling  of  such  size  and  character 
was  an  object  of  wonder  and  ctiriosity,  and  that  num- 
bers of  visitors  from  'the  valley  of  the  Conestoga  c^mie 
.  to  behold  the  architectural  skill  and   splendor   dis- 


played in  the  erection  of  this,  in  their  eyes,  so  mag- 

I  nificent  a  structure. 

I  Jacob  Schneder,  a  man  remarkable  in  the  early 
histSry  of  Brecknock  township,  on  account  of  the  ad- 
vanced age  to  which  he  lived  and  the  extensive  tracts 
of  land  he  owned  in  his  time,  purchased  this  property 
for  his  son,  Baltzer  Schneder,  who  moved  on  it  April 
15,  1706.  He  in  turn  sold  it  to  Christian  Pleam,  who 
died  in  the  old  house  March  13,  1877. 

It  appears  that  Jacob  Schneder  must  have  been 
born  about  the  time  these  early  settlers  first  came 
into  tbe  township,  for  he  died  on  his  old  homestead, 
near  Centre  Church,  July  9, 1829,  at  the  age  of  ninety- 
four  years.  He  had  been  married  at  the  age  of  sev- 
enty-five years  to  a  woman  named  Kafroth.  It  is 
related  of  him  that  he  was  displeased  with  his  sou 

I  Baltzer  because  he  had  married  a  poor  girl  named 
Kitzmiller,  but  ultimately  relented  and  purchased  the 

I  plantation  above  mentioned  for  him. 

The  original  mansion  on  the  William  Marris  tract, 

I  near  Centre  Church,  in  East  Earl  township,  in  which 
the  aged  patriarch,  Jacob  Schneder,  died,  though 
changed  and  modernized,  has  its  old  walls  still  staud- 

I  ing,  and  is  occupied  and  used  as  a  farm-house. 

I       About   one   mile  south   of   Bowmansville   a   man 

j  named  John   Boehm   commenced   the  erection  of  a 

I  large  two-story  stone  dwelling-house.  The  breaking 
out  of  the  war  of  the  Revolution  and  the  consequent 

I  dispersion  of  the  workmen,  who  either  volunteered  or 
were  drafted  into  the  patriot  army,  interrupted  the 
l>rogress  of  the  building,  and  the  structure  remained 
incomplete  until  the  close  of  the  war.  Thi.s  dwell- 
ing-house is  peculiar  in  its  arrangement.  The 
kitchen,  with  a  large  fireplace,  is  built  in  front  of 
the  main  dwelling  and  attached  to  it.  There  are 
fireplaces  arranged  for  burning  wctod  on  each  side  of 

I  the  house.  The  house  is  well  and  substantially  built, 
and  is  still  in  a  good  state  of  preservation. 

John  Boehm,  tbe  pro])rietor  of  this  mansion,  was 
a  man  of  courage  and  resolution.     During  the  Revo- 

I  lutiouary  war  some  evil-diposed  persons  took  advan- 
tage of  the  non-resistant  principles  of  the  Mennonite 
settlers  in  the  neighborhood.  These  iniquitous  fel- 
lows pretended  to  be  government  oflScers,  commis- 
sioned to  impress  horses,  grain,  and  other  valuable 
military  stores,  which  they  fraudulently  appropriated 
to  their  own  use.  One  Sunday  it  happened  that 
while  Mr.  Boehm  attended  divine  worship,  then  held 
by  the  Mennonite  society  in  a  private  house,  Good's 
mill,  one  of  these  men  made  a  raid  into  the  neiglibor- 
hood,  and  had  already  captured  several  valuable 
horses  and  was  about  to  carry  them  off,  when  Mr. 
Boehm  was  informed  of  the  matter.  He  at  once  left 
the  house  where  tbe  religious  service  was  held,  pur- 
sued the  robber,  and  when  be  overtook  him  attacked 
him  so  vigorously  with  a  piece  of  broken  fence-rail 


igorously  wi 
that  he  surrendered 
turned  in  triumph  wi 
horses  to  their  owner; 


at  di; 


troiib; 


the  victor  re- 
restored  the 


676 


HISTORY"   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Tliere  was  a  very  hirge  two-story  stone  dwelling-  j 
house,  witli  stone  kitelien  attached,  built  in  the  valley 
of  the  Black  Muddy  Creek,  on  a  i)ortion  of  the  land 
originally  purchased  from  the  proprietaries  hy  the  I 
before-named  William  Blorris.  It  was  erected  in 
1795,  by  Christian  Schiieder.  The  carpenter  em- 
ployed in  its  construction  was  Henry  Oood,  who,  it 
seems,  was  also  the  architect  of  a  inimlicr  ut'  other 
buildings  completed  about  that  iierind.  The  front 
is  of  regular  cut  hrown  sandstone,  which  has  re- 
mained in  almost  perfect  preservation  to  the  present 
day.  Another,  perhaps  yet  larger,  dwelling  of  .simi- 
lar architectural  style  was  erected  in  the  same  neigh- 
borhood by  Peter  lioehm  in  18(12.  There  is  a  hall  in 
the  middle  of  the  building,  with  rooms  containing 
old-fashioned  fireplaces,  and  the  kitchen,  with  large 
fireplace  on  either  side  and  brick  or  mortar  lloor, 
attached  in  the  rear. 

About  the  year  1740  the  township  was  organized, 
and  a  tax  amounting  to  one  pound  twelve  shillings 
was  assessed  on  its  inhabitants.  Leonard  Pridenstow 
viaa  appointe<l  tax-collector.  Part  of  the  original 
territory  of  Brecknock,  as  also  of  that  of  the  adjoining 
township  of  Caernarvon,  extended  into  the  present 
county  of  lierks.  In  1752,  Berks  being  erected  into 
a  separate  county,  the  division  line  cut  off  portions 
of  both  these  townships,  which  now  are  known  as 
Brecknock  and  Caernarvon  townships,  in  Berks 
County. 

Two  important  roads,  laid  out  prior  to  17C2,  tra- 
verse the  township  north  and  south  nearly  parallel  to 
each  other.  One  leads  from  the  Blue  Ball  through 
the  village  of  Bowmansville,  since  1833  known  as  the 
State  road ;  the  other  leads  from  the  present  village 
of  Fairville  (Terre  Hill  P.  O.),  past  the  Dry  Tavern 
(Muddy  Creek  P.  O.),  to  Adamstown.  Both  these 
ancient  roads  are  crossed — the  former  at  Bowmans- 
ville and  the  latter  at  the  Dry  Tavern— by  another 
old  thoroughfare  leading  from  the  Plow  Tavern  to 
Reamstown. 

At  the  close  of  the  Revolutionary  war  the  follow- 
ing were  the  principal  lami-owners  in  the  township  : 


Of  the  mill  appearing  in  this  list  as  the  property 
of  Jacob  Fonieda  (whose  right  name  was  Von  Niodu) 
it  may  be  observed  that  the  mill  is  situate  on  that 
branch  of  Muddy  Creek  forming  the  western  bound- 
ary line  of  the  township,  about  one  mile  south  of 
Adamstown.  Peter  Sharp  died  in  17G4,  the  owner  of 
this  property,  consisting  then  of  one  hundred  and 
seventy  acres.  In  1780  it  became  the  property  of 
John  Shaup,  wdio  in  1785  sold  it  to  Jacob  Von  Nieda, 


who  in  1814  sold  the  mil 
quarter  acres  to  his  son, 
whose  death,  in  1847,  it  Ix 
youngest  son,  William  Voi 


with  twenty-nine  and  a 
Philip  Von  Nieda,  after 
came  the  property  of  Ins 
Nieda,  Esq.,  from  whom 
it  i>asseil  into  tlie  hands  of  its  jirescnt  owner,  Andrew 
Emmert. 

About  two  miles  lower  down  tlie  same  stream  is  the 
mill  property  in  above  list  mentioned  as  belonging  to 
Martin  Frey.  lu  1830  the  present  mill,  whose  site  is 
about  a  quartet  of  a  mile  lower  down  the  stream,  wks 
erected  by  Ephraim  Shober,  after  whose  death  it 
passed  into  the  hands  of  bis  son,  Reuben  E.  Shober, 
Esq.,  who  now  runs  it. 

Another  mill  existed  from  early  times  on  Muddy 
Creek,  in  the  southwestern  part  of  the  townshiji,  in 
the  above  list  mentioned  as  belonging  to  Dr.  Samuel 
Martin.  Since  that  time  it  has  been  known  as  Lu- 
pold's  mill,  Overholzer's  mill,  and  Sensenig's  mill. 
Samuel  Sensenig  is  its  present  owner. 

Another  mill,  not  appearing  on  above  list,  is  situ- 
ate on  Muddy  Creek,  a  short  distance  below  the  Dry 
Tavern,  where  the  saw-mill  of  Abraham  Bixler,  Esq., 
who  died  there  in  1847,  was  situate.  After  his  death 
George  Martin  built  the  present  grist-  and  saw-mill, 
now  ftwned  by  Peter  B.  Oood. 

From  the  list  it  apjiears  that  at  that  time  Peter 
Good  was  the  proprietor  of  a  saw-mill  and  hemp-mill. 
This  latter  was  a  machine  for  prei)aring  the  fibre  of 
hemp  for  spinning.  A  large  slone,  in  the  shape  of 
the  frustnim  of  a  cone,  was  made  to  roll  by  machinery. 


BRECKNOCK   TOWNSHIP. 


677 


propelled  by  water-power  on  the  hemp  spread  out  on 
a  circular  tioor  prepared  for  the  purpose. 

At  that  time  all  the  grist-mills  spoken  of  had  special 
machinery  adapted  to  the  luilling  of  spelt  [Tritkuin 
Spella,  a  cereal  resembling  wheat,  but  covered  with 
thick  husks),  which  had  been  brought  by  the  early 
immigrants  from  their  old  homes  across  the  water. 
It  was  also  called  "  German  wheat."  ]5ut  the  cultiva- 
tion of  hemp  and  spelt  has  long  since  been  abandoned, 
aud  mills  of  that  kind  are  no  longer  in  use. 

The  only  physician  who  flourished  in  these  primi- 
tive times  in  Brecknock  was  the  above-named  Dr. 
Samuel  Martin,  who  owned  the  mill  and  farm  spoken 
of  before.  This  man  did  not  pretend  to  have  any 
scientific  knowledge  of  medicine,  but  practiced  uro- 
scopy  and  incantations  or  powwows  in  connection 
with  tlie  use  of  home-made  salves  and  nostrums. 
Among  these  may  prominently  be  mentioned  brand- 
pulver  (mortification  powders),  blutreinigung  (blood 
purifier),  and  a  salve  to  heal  fractured  bones.  Among 
his  cabalistic  feats  the  stanching  of  bleeding  wounds 
was  his  grand  forte.  Patients  in  danger  of  bleeding 
to  death,  whom  the  doctor  never  saw  and  who  were 
miles  away,  were  by  him  instantly  cured.  C'liildren 
and  grown  persons  suffering  from  the  inleriial  arts  (jf 
witches  were  promptly  relieved  by  this  wonderful 
doctor.     Such  is  the  tradition. 

From  his  experience  he  became  skilled  in  some 
degree  in  certain  siiecial  departments  of  liis  jirofes- 
sion,  and  if  tradition  can  be  trusted  to  any  extent  lie 
performed  astonishing  cures  in  cases  of  fractured 
bones  and  by  the  application  of  his  specific  medi- 
cines. After  his  death  his  son,  Peter  Martiu,  con- 
tinued the  practice  of  his  father's  profession.  His 
practice  increased  and  extended,  not  only  into  the 
neighboring  townships  but  also  into  lierks  County. 
He  acquired  some  property  by  his  business.  Since 
his  death,  about  1850,  his  son,  Dr.  Samuel  Martin, 
has  continued  the  business,  residing  still  near  tlie  old 
place. 

Since  the  year  1845  the  village  of  liowmansville 
has  been  alniast  constantly  the  residence  of  a  i>ractic- 
ing  physician.  Dr.  A.  H.  Kissinger,  who  now  resides 
there,  is  an  old  practitioner  of  experience  and  exten- 
sive practice. 

For  a  considerable  length  of  time  the  people,  not 
having  any  houses  specially  dedicated  to  Divine  wor- 
ship, those  of  them  of  the  Mennonitc  faith  held  their 
meetings  in  private  dwellings.  As  has  already  been 
remarked,  the  plain,  one-story  stone  dwelling-house, 
which  stood  near  Good's  mill,  on  land  originally 
taken  up  by  Christian  Good,  near  liowmansville, 
while  occupied  by  the  Good  family,  was  used  for  this 
purpose.' 

About  the  beginning  of  the  present  century,  or  a 
few  years  earlier  (1794),  a  meeting-house  was  built  on 
ground  now  occupied  by  tlie  village  of  liowmans- 
ville. It  was  a  plain,  one-story  structure,  built  of 
stone,    similar    in    plan    and    arrangement   to    ulher 


Mennonitc  meeting-houses  so  common  iu  Lancaster 
County.  About  four  or  five  feet  above  the  ground 
there  was  an  otl'sel  of  about  three  or  four  inches  on 
the.outside  of  the  wall,  that  is,  from  that  height  the 
wall  was  three  or  four  inches  thinner  than  below  that 
point.  "I'radition  says  that,  while  the  walls  were  thus 
in  course  of  construction,  some  zealous  brother  ob- 
jected that  this  was  a  violation  of  the  law  of  plain- 
ness and  simplicity  of  style  of  building.  Whereupon 
Henry  Good,  the  chief  carpenter,  remarked  that  after 
all  the  building  was  not  by  any  means  as  ornate  or  im- 
posing as  the  temple  built  by  Solomon. 

The  burying-ground,  the  sacred  "  Gottes  Acker," 
was  and  is  still  located  half-way  between  Good's  mill 
and  the  Cross-Roads,  where  a  grove  of  lofty  pine-trees 
has,  probably  for  a  century,  been  sighing  a  solemn 
requiem  over  the  graves  of  the  dea<l.  The  oldest 
monuments  here  date  back  to  1767.  These  are  mere 
rude  sandstones,  with  initials  and  date.  Imagination 
may  busy  itself  in  guessing  who  were  first  interred 
here.  It  is  probable  that  it  was  some  member  of  the 
Good  family,  who  came  into  this  neighborhood  in  1737, 
— a  conjecture  that  seems  warranted  by  the  initials 
that  are  still  legible  on  the  moss-grown  stones. 

Of  the  earlier  ministers,  who  served  these  primi- 
tive congregations,  nothing,  not  even  their  names,  is 
known.  Those  of  them  whose  names  have  come 
down  to  our  time,  probably  fiourished  during  the  latter 
part  of  the  last  and  the  beginning  of  the  present  cen- 
tury. Their  names  were  Daniel  Gehman'  and  Ulric 
Ilurkholder,  both  natives  of  Switzerland.  The  former 
had  a  wonderful  reputation  for  a  species  of  clairvoy- 
ance, by  means  of  which  the  courses  of  subterranean 
streams  of  water  were  as  familiar  to  him  as  those 
flowing  on  the  surface  are  to  ordinary  persons.  His 
services  were  solicited  by  well-diggers  from  far  and 
near  to  direct  them  where  to  find  water.  Tradition 
says  his  predictions  were  always  reliable,  and  his  ut- 
terances infallible.  Moreover,  it  was  also  currently 
reported,  and  generally  believed,  that  his  knowledge 
of  the  mysterious  was  not  confined  to  the  liidden 
streams  of  water  liowing  underground,  but  that  he 
also  knew  of  rich  deposits  of  ore  of  the  precious 
metals;  of  gold  mines  vast  and  boundless,  like  those 
read  of  in  fairy  tales.  Unfortunately  for  the  lovers 
of  mammon,  he  was  a  scrupulously  ])lain  man,  whose 
conscience  would  not  permit  him  to  divulge  the  se- 
cret, for  fear  that  the  discovery  of  such  fabulous 
wealth  might  stimulate  a  taste  for  luxury  and  pride, 
and  thus  the  secret  was  buried  with  him. 

Tradition  lias  also  lianded  down  to  our  times  the 
following  saying  of  his:  "  In  that  part  of  Switzerland 
in  which  he  resided,  prior  to  his  emigration,  there 
occurred  a  summer  during  which  no  rain  fell  at  all, 
aud  yet  such  heavy  dews  descended  on  the  earth  that 


678 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


the  water  thereof  filled  tlie  wagon  ruts  in  such  abund- 
ance that  sheep  could  drink  out  of  them."  He 
wa.'s  the  father  of  Christian  Gehman,  who  served  these 
congregations  as  a  preacher  more  than  a  quarter  of  a 
century  alterwards. 

Of  Ulric,  or  contracted  Uli  Burkholder,  hardly  any- 
thing is  known  at  this  time,  except  that  he  was  a 
blunt,  phiin-spoken  man,  and  was  tlie  father  of  a 
number  of  sons,  who  like  the  sons  of  Eli  the  old 
Jewish  priest,  and  the  sons  of  many  modern  preach- 
ers, were  not  particularly  shining  lights,  or  models 
of  moral  perfection.  One  story  of  liis  son,  Peter,  has 
been  handed  down  to  posterity,  which  may  serve  as 
a  sample  of  the  customs  and  manners  of  the  time: 
The  old  man  and  his  family  resided  near  tlie  present 
village  of  Bowmansville,  immediately  north  of  it.  A 
stream  of  water,  one  of  the  branches  of  Muddy  Creek, 
flowed  a  short  distance  west  of  their  dwelling.  Here 
some  of  the  neighbors,  owners  of  the  soil  through 
which  the  stream  flowed,  set  fish-nets  in  the  spring  of 
the  year,  and  in  those  early  times  fish  being  abundant, 
secured  heavy  draughts.  Peter  Burkholder  knew  all 
about  this,  and  probably  believing  that  fish  were  com- 
mon properly,  which  belong  equally  to  all,  early  one 
morning  before  breakfast,  raised  some  of  these  nets 
and  appropriated  their  contents.  When  he  came 
home  his  father  had  just  got  out  of  bed,  and  when  he 
saw  his  son  with  such  a  fine  mess  of  fish,  he  congrat- 
ulated him  on  his  good  luck,  kindly  invited  him  to 
come  into  the  house  and  partake  of  a  treat  of  whiskey, 
which  at  that  time  seems  to  have  been  constantly 
kept  on  hand  in  every  farm-house. 

Peter  kept  quiet  until  breakfast,  when  the  family 
was  seated  around  the  rude  board,  with  a  smoking 
dish  of  nice  fish  in  their  midst.  The  patriarch  of  the 
household  was  doing  full  justice  to  the  dainty  bill  of 
fare.  This  was  too  much  for  Peter,  who  broke  out  in 
a  fit  of  immoderate  laughter,  and  e.xclaimed  in  his 
vernacular:  "  Gelt,  Vater,  die  g'stohlene  Fish  sin' 
doch  gut?"  (Well,  father!  don't  the  stolen  fish  taste 
nicely?")  Wiiether  or  not  Peter  had  to  suffer  the 
penalty  justly  due  him  for  his  crime,  tradition  does 
not  inform  us. 

The  bishop,  or  "Voile  Diener,"  contemporaneous 
with  the  two  ministers  just  mentioned,  was  Henry 
Martin,  who  resided  in  the  Conestoga  Valley  at  Wea- 
verland.  After  these  came  another  trio  of  minis- 
ters, who  served  the  congregations  that  used  to  wor- 
ship in  that  plain  meeting-iiouse  from  about  the  year 
1825,  and  afterwards,  who  are  much  better  remem- 
bered, though  all  dead  for  more  than  a  quarter  of  a 
century. 

The  first  was  Christian  Good,  a  grandson  of  the 
original  Christian,  who  resided  a  short  distance  south- 
east of  Good's  mill.  He  was  a  man  of  considerable 
natural  parts,  and,  for  his  time  and  opportunities,  of 
respectable  information.  He  had  read  some  books, 
and  had  an  intelligent  comprehension  of  their  cun- 
tents.     He   was  the  author  uf  a   (.ieraian   hvnin,   in 


the  form  of  an  acrostic,  which  he  composed  during 
his  last  illness,  while  confined  to  his  room  by  a  lin- 
gering consumption.  Its  execution  shows  that  he 
had,  some  knowledge  of  metrical  composition.  Ho 
was  for  all  that,  iiowever,  a  strict  constructionist  of 
the  strict  conditions  of  his  faith.  When  by  reason 
of  careless  and  unskillful  cultivation  the  farms  of  the 
whole  neighborhood  had  become  exhausted,  and 
many  of  his  neighbors  began  to  use  lime  as  a  fertil- 
izer, he  opjiosed  the  innovation  on  principles  of 
morality,  contending  that  it  was  the  spirit  of  discon- 
tent and  an  inordinate  desire  after  worldly  riches 
that  ])rompted  them  in  their  endeavors  to  improve 
the  productiveness  of  their  farms.  In  his  delivery  he 
wasslow,  calm,  and  deliberate,  wholly  unimpassioned. 
In  person  he  was  rather  tall  and  slim.  In  dress,  of 
course,  scrupulously  plain. 

The  second  was  Christian  Gehman,  a  man  of  quite 
a  diflferent  stamp.  His  manner  was  ardent  and  \m 
address  earnest  and  impassioned.  His  style  of  preach- 
ing was  hortatory,  in  point  of  intelligence  and  general 
information  vastly  inferior  to  his  colleague,  but  cal- 
culated to  impress  an  audience  much  more  pro- 
foundly than  his  more  thoughtful  and  methodical 
brother.  He  resided  near  Adamstown,  just  across 
the  line  in  Berks  County. 

Then  there  was  Jacob  Zimmerman,  who  was  the 
bishop  or  "  Voile  Diener"  of  the  district,  whose  resi- 
dence was  in  the  Conestoga  Valley  some  four  miles 
from  Bowmansville.  He  came  around  twice  each 
year,  in  the  spring  and  fall,  to  administer  the  sacra- 
ment of  the  Lord's  Supper,  and  to  perform  the  rite  of 
baptism.  In  person  he  was  a  short,  thickset  man, 
who  wore  his  hair  long,  parted  in  the  middle.  His  face 
was  round  and  fat.  His  coat  was  of  the  plainest  style. 
He  was  easily  overcome  by  his  ejnotion,  and  shed 
many  tears  during  almost  every  sermon  he  preached. 

These  preachers,  who  had  been  selected  from  among 
their  brethren  by  lot,  had  never  received  any  other 
than  the  merest  rudiments  of  an  education.  The  only 
training  they  received  for  their  calling  was  their  ex- 
perience in  the  exercise  of  their  sacred  office.  .\nd 
yet  in  their  discourses  they  generally  manifested  a 
wonderful  acquaintance  with  the  Scripture,  often 
quoting  passage  after  passage,  and  generally  correctly. 
In  their  exegesis  they  were  mystical ;  every  passage 
of  Scripture  almost  had  for  them  a  secondary,  spir- 
itual, or  allegorical  meaning. 

The  Mennonite  meeting-house  spoken  of  consti- 
tuted the  only  building  in  the  township  dedicated  to 
the  public  worship  of  God.  Those  of  other  denomi- 
nations residing  within  its  borders  assisted  to  erect  and 
maintain  United  Lutheran  and  Reformed  Churches 
in  locations  outside  of  its  limits.  Of  these  there  were 
originally  two,— Allegheny  Church  in  Brecknock 
township,  Berks  Co.,  and  JMuddy  Creek  Church  in 
Cocalico  township,  Lancaster  Co.  The  land  on  which 
the  latter  was  built  was,  by  the  Pro|irietarie3  (jf  Penn- 
sylvania, by   warrant  issued   May  8,  1744,  to  Henry 


!  4 


BRECKNOCK   TOWNSHIP. 


679 


§.  an< 


I' 


Hallerand  Peter  Fry,  given  to  tlie  use  of  the  Lutheran 
(1  Reformed  congregations  worshiping  at  that  place. 
Afterwards  Centre  Cliurcli,  in  Earl  township,  was 
erected  near  the  tract  (if  not  part  of  it)  which  was 
originally  granted  to  the  hereinbefore-mentioned 
William  Morris.  Of  the  ministers  who  served  these 
several  charges  prior  to  the  last  half-century  nothing 
definite  is  known  ;  but  within  the  last  half-century 
there  were  two  ministers  who  served  these  churches 
whose  memory  has  come  down  to  the  present  genera- 
tion. They  were  both  native  Americans,  though  they 
preached  e.xclusively  in  the  German  language.  One 
of  them  was  Rev.  Daniel  Hertz,  who  was  pastor  of 
the  German  Reformed  wing  of  these  congregations. 
He  resided  near  Ephrata,  and  for  a  great  many  years 
served  the  churches  at  Muddy  Creek  and  Centre,  as 
well  as  some  others  at  the  same  time.  In  person  he 
was  tall  and  commanding,  and  had  a  strong  and 
rather  agreeable  voice.  In  the  management  of  church 
matters  he  generally  displayed  siirewdness  and  tact, 
and  an  intimate  acquaintance  with  human  nature. 

.The  other  was  Rev.  Samuel  Trunibauer,  who  was  a 
Lutheran  in  faith,  and  also  for  a  long  series  of  years 
served  his  brethren  of  like  faith  who  worshiped  at  the 
two  churches  above  named,  but  for  a  longer  period  at 
Centre  than  at  Muddy  Creek.  In  person  he  was  but 
slightly  built  and  rather  below  the  medium  height. 
He  was  an  earnest  man,  zealous  in  the  discharge  of 
bis  pastoral  duties,  and  was  by  many  of  his  Hock 
much  beloved  and  highly  esteeMie<i.  He  resided  in 
Mechanicsburg,  on  the  Lancaster  and  New  Holland 
turnpike,  at  a  distance  of  more  than  a  dozen  miles 
from  his  congregations.  Both  these  clergymen  have 
been  dead  for  many  years. 

A  certain  kind  of  astrology  was  assiduously  studied 
by  some  of  these  primitive  agriculturists.  The  as- 
cending and  descending  nodes  of  the  moon  were  sup- 
posed to  e.xert  a  general  influence  on  the  products  of 
the  field,  and  more  especially  the  garden.  The  signs 
of  the  zodiac,  as  set  out  in  Billmeyer's  Almanac  (the 
predecessor  of  Baer's)  had  to  be  consulted  before  sow- 
ing, planting,  or  reaping  the  several  crops.  Neglect 
or  mistake  in  the  observance  of  these  rules  was  be- 
lieved to  work  great  harm  to  the  crops  that  were  about 
to  he  committed  to  the  earth.  One  can  scarcely  con- 
template this  belief  in  signs  and  times  so  prevalent 
among  our  ancestors  without  coming  to  the  conclu- 
sion that  they  are  remnants  of  the  old  mythology 
that  prevailed  among  the  light-haired  and  blue-eyed 
Teutons  while  they  still  worshiped  Odin  and  Thor  in 
the  dense  forests  bordering  on  the  Uhitieand  Elbe. 

In  regard  to  the  methods  of  tilling  the  soil,  it  ap- 
pears evident  that  the  first  settlers  of  Brecknock  pur- 
sued tlic  same  careless  and  unthrifty  course  that  is 
now  so  ijrevalent  in  new  settlements  in  the  Western 
States.  Shallow  and  often  unseasonable  plowing, 
improvidence  in  the  preparation  and  applicaticjri  ul 
manures,  and  general  uyskillful  farming,  without  aii\ 
attention  to  a  regular  rotation  cjl'  crops  or  the  propir 


selection  of   seeds,  gradually  but    surely    exhausted 
the  virgin  strength  of  the  soil. 

During  the  decade  i)receding  the  commencement 
of  the  yresent  century  and  a  few  years  later  the  pros- 
perity of  these  colonists  must  have  been  consider- 
able.    This- is  evident   from  the  style  of  the  dwell- 
ings that  were  built  about  that  period.    These  bouses, 
in  point  of  architectural  jirelensions,  as  well  as  size 
and  character,  have  not  been  surpassed,  if  equaled, 
anywhere  in  the  township  since.    The  native  strength 
of  the  virgin  soil  had  not  as  yet  been  exhausted,  and 
these  farms,  or  large  portions  of  them,  having  been 
i  but  recently  cleared,  were  probably  highly  produc- 
tive.    But   the   suicidal    policy   of    these    primitive 
\  farmers  ruined  the  fertility  of  their  soil,  and  having 
1  run   through    the   disastrous  rotation  of  crops   from 
j  wheat  to  rye,  and  from  rye  to  buckwheat,  left  their 
I  fields  barren  and  their  exchequers  impoverished. 
[       About  the  years  from  1830  to  1840  the  farmers  of 
I  Brecknock  township  reached  an  important  crisis  in 
j  their  history.     Their  sandy  soil,  naturally  requiring 
!   careful   farming,  was  giving  out.     Their  wheat  har- 
vests for  successive  years  had  been  failures.     About 
183-5  the   failure  of  the  wheat  crop  was  so  general 
throughout  the  country  that  breadstuffs  had  to  be 
imported  from  Europe  to  supply  the  actual  wants  of 
the   people.     Resort  was   had   to  cornniea!,   mashed 
I  potatoes,  and    other  ingredients,  which  were  mixed 
I   with  wheat  flour,  of  which  bread  was  baked. 
,       But  their  impoverished  fields  would  no  longer  pro- 
I  duce  the  bare  necessaries  of  life.     Some  emigrated 
;  West,  which   then   meant  the  State  of  Ohio.     After 
[  these  had  settled  in  their  far  Western  homes,  corre- 
spondence was  opened  between  them  and  their  rela- 
tives and  friends  who  remained  behind.     Visits  were 
also  interchanged   between   them,  although  the  dis- 
tance Seemed  long  and  the  road  wound  around  pre- 
j  cipitous  mountains  and  through  dense  forests. 
j       These  visitors  when  they  returned,  as  well  as  the 
letters  of  correspondents,  brought  strange  stories  from 
'  these  Western  settlements  into  the  old  homesteads. 
I  They  told  of  houses   that  were  built  in  one  day,  of 
which  the  foundations  had  been  laid  in  the  morning, 
the  logs  cut  in  the  forest,  the  walls  of  the  cabin  raised, 
the  clapboards  split,  the  roof  and  chimney  all  built 
in  the  same  day,  so  that  the  weary  emigrant,  with  his 
wife  and  little  ones,  slept  the  first  night  securely  shel- 
tered under  its  rude  roof.     But  perhaps  the  strangest 
thing  of  all  were   the  "Yankeys,"  who   had    farms 
1  without  barns,  and  with  whom  the  men  did  all  the 
I  work,  even  milked  the  cows  and  atten<led  to  the  dairy, 
1  while  the  women   had  nothing  to  do  but  to  attend  to 
j  dress  and  make  and  receive  .social  calU,  even  during 
i  the  busy  season  of  haynniking  and   harvrst,  whm  all 
hands  on  the  farm,  men,  women,  and  cliihiivu,  ou^hl 
t„  lie  busy  Irom  early  morn  till  dewy  eve. 

Hut  nut  all  c)l  tli(-.e  emigrants  moved  West.  Some 
urnt  north  and  M'ltled  in  the  British  i)rovinee  of 
I'arnula.     There  .seems  to  have  existed  a  special  mo- 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY". 


tive  for  the  Mennonites  to  go  to  Canada.    Tlie  British  i 
government,  they  tlioiif^ht,  was  more  friendly  towards 
them  tlian  tlie  new  democracy  just  established  in  the  i 
United  States.     William  Penn,  a  Quaker,  jirofessing  | 
religious  principles  almost  identical  with  theirs,  had  i 
inspired  them  with  love  and  confidence  towards  the  | 
British  Crown.     During  the  Revolutionary  struggle 
they  had  generally  remained  loyal  to  their  old  govern- 
ment.   This  was  from  motives  radically  different  from 
those  whicli  inspired  the  ordinary  Tory.     With  the 
one   they  sprang   from    religious   and    conscientious 
convictions  of  duty,  while  with  the  latter  they  were 
merely  political  questions  to  be  settled  by  the  dictates 
of  self-interest. 

But  whatever  the  motives  were,  a  number  of  these 
excellent  people  emigrated  and  sought  tlieir  fortunes 
in  better  and  richer  soil.  As  early  as  the  year  1810, 
Rev.  Joseph  Bauman,  a  Jlennonite  preacher,  who  re- 
sided on  a  farm  in  the  Allegheny  Valley,  in  Berks 
County,  Pa.,  about  four  miles  northeast  from  Bow- 
mansviUe,  had  moved  to  Waterloo,  then  part  of  ITal- 
ton  County,  Upper  Canada,  and  settled  there.  This 
year  is  memorable  on  account  of  its  unprecedentedly 
cold  summer,  not  one  month  of  which  was  exempt 
from  frost,  even  in  Lancaster  County.  Upper  Canada, 
surrounded  by  lakes  and  in  a  higher  latitude,  was,  of 
course,  proportionally  colder.  These  new  setilers 
thought  their  home  almost  a  Siberia,  and  win>  innse- 
quently  much  alarmed  on  account  nf  ihe  coMiie-s  of 
the  climate,  till  their  fears  were  iillayr.l  by  milder 
seasons  in  subsequent  years. 

But,  of  course,  all  could  not  leave  tlu'ir  old  neigh- 
borhood, and  those  that  remained  behind  on  tliiir 
worn-out  farms  had  no  alternative  left  hiii  lo  ;ittein|it 
the  improvement  of  the  impoverished  soil  lliese  cini- 
grants  had  left  behind.  To  effect  this  object  the  ap- 
plication of  lime  as  a  fertilizer  was  generally  resorted 
to.  Numerous  limekilns  were  constructed  through- 
out the  country,  in  wdiich  limestone,  brought  from 
the  adjoining  townships  of  Earl  and  Cocalico,  dis- 
tances from  three  to  five  miles,  were  burned  into 
lime.  Wood,  being  jdenty  and  cheap,  was  at  that 
time  exclusively  used  for  this  purpose.  The  happy 
effects  of  the  application  of  lime  as  a  fertilizer  soon 
manifested  themsi-lvcs  in  the  iiKjre  luxuriant  crops  of 
the  farmer. 

When  the  'agriculturist  once  had  his  attention  di- 
rected to  the  improvement  of  the  soil,  he  was  not 
satisfied  with  using  only  one  means  to  accomplish 
liis  object.  Other  means  and  methods  were  tried  and 
adopted.  Improved  varieties  of  grain  and  grass- 
seeds  were  jirocnred,  the  proper  times  for  planting 
and  the  most  advantageous  rotations  of  crops  were 
''liKiied.  The  introduction  of  improved  breeds  of 
horses,  cattle,  and  other  animals  on  the  farm  natur- 
ally followed  in  the  march  of  the  other  improve- 
ments. These  changes,  h(nvevcr,  were,  of  course, 
introduced  only  gradually,  and  were  not  elicited 
without  much  oi)positioii.     The  agricultural  cmmuiu- 


nity  became  divided  into  two  classes  of  parties,  such 
as  every  revolution  produces,  the  progressive  and 
conservative.  The  former  included  the  younger  and 
mor£  enterprising  portion  of  the  community,  while 
the  latter  was  comi)Osed  of  those  everywhere  styled 
"old  foj»ies." 

Politics,  in  its  ordinary  sense,  did  not  much  dis- 
turb this  secluded  community  in  the  even  tenor  of 
their  way.  When  the  Anti-Masonic  party  was  organ- 
ized, and  the  story  of  the  abduction  and  murder  of 
William  Morgan  was  assiduously  circulated,  most  of 
them  became  Anti-Masons  and  supported  the  election 
of  Joseph  Ritner  for  Governor.  It  is  not  known  that 
any  citizen  of  Brecknock  township  ever  held  a  county 
or  State  office  prior  to  about  1838,  when  Philip  Von 
Nieda  was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  the  State,  to 
which  office  he  was  re-elected  for  a  second  term. 
About  1855,  Daniel  Bowman  was  elected  a  director 
of  the  poor,  and  in  1857  Anthony  Good  was  electt'd 
recorder  of  deeds  of  the  county  of  Lancaster. 

Nearly  all  the  newspapers  that  were  read  were 
printed  in  the  German  language.  Der  Readimjer 
AiUer,  sometimes  called  "  Berks  County  Bible,"  was 
the  organ  of  those  who  professed  the  Democratic 
faith,  while  J)er  Volh/reuiul,  edited  by  John  Baer, 
of  Lancaster,  was  read  by  the  members  of  the  Whig 
party.  Tiiere  was  more  party  feeling  then  than  there 
is  now,  and  editor.,  presumed  more  on  the  ignorance 
(if  the  ma^s.'s  tlian  llicv  dare  to  do  at  this  day.  Then 
il  wa^  quite  cniniimn  to  a|ipeal  to  farmers,  laborers, 
etc.,  as  a  class  irjain^t  ca|iitalists  and  ollice-holdcrs 
as  a  class. 

In  relation  to  matters  of  education,  these  people 
were  loo  nnich  engrossed  in  procuring  their  material 
sulisi>ten(c  to  pay  attention  to  the  cultivation  of 
their  minds.  They  were  isolated  from  the  great 
world,  both  by  locality  and  their  language.  As  yet 
there  was  no  system  of  education  by  public  schools, 
and  these  farmers,  who  had  a  hand-to-hand  struggle 
to  obtain  their  daily  bread,  had  neither  time,  means, 
nor  taste  for  the  establishment  of  private  schools. 

The  Mennonite  meeting-house  near  Good's  Jlill 
was  eacli  winter,  up  lo  about  the  year  1832,  used  as 
school-house.  At  Stovpr's,  near  Adamstown,  at  the 
Dry  Tavern,  about  two  miles  southwest  from  Bow- 
mansville,  at  Boehm's,  a  short  distance  southeast  of 
Good's  mill,  and  at  Schlebach's,  quite  at  the  southern 


end  of  tin;  township, 


Hits  which  were  used 


as  school-houses  for  a  few  weeks  or  montiis  during 
the  inclement  season  of  the  winter,  when  the  cold 
weather  prevented  work  on  the  farm.  That  no 
teacher  of  competent  qualifications  came  to  these  se- 
cluded parts  to  engage  in  his  occupation  must  be  at 
once  apjtarent.  Men  engaged  in  teaching  because 
they  could  not  get  anything  better  to  do,  or  because 
they  were  physically  disabled  for  the  performance  of 
ordinary  manual  labor. 

Of  the   teachers  who   first  taught   the  children  of 
the   schools   in    Brecknock    towiiNliip,   the    names  of 


BRECKNOCK  TOWNSHIP. 


681 


only  two  or  three  have  descended  to  our  times.  One 
of  them,  named  Altsdorf,  was  a  German,  who  wrote 
a  very  beautiful  hand,  and  who  understood  drawing 
and  vocal  music.  As  far  as  known,  he  never  taught 
within  the  limits  of  the  township,  but  some  of  the 
children  attended  his  school,  kept  in  the  adjoining 
township  of  Earl.  Then  there  was  another  German 
teacher  named  Grimm,  but  who  was  not  by  any 
means  as  eminent  a  grammarian  or  lexicographer  as 
his  modern  namesake.  He  was  either  from  Hesse  or 
Brunswick,  and  came  over  during  the  Revolutionary 
war,  along  with  the  other  mercenaries  of  the  British 
king.  There  are  no  traditions  of  liis  literary  profi- 
ciency, but  the  reminiscences  of  the  severe  flagella- 
tions he  administered  to  his  scholars  have  been  faith- 
fully handed  down  to  posterity. 

There  was  another  German  pedagogue  named  John 
Peter  Hoefer,  of  whose  memory  nothing  survives,  ex- 
cept that  he  had  a  famous  controversial  correspond- 
ence with  Samuel  Bowman,  Esq.,  when  the  latter 
was  still  quite  young  and  just  entering  on  his  career 
as  a  teacher.  In  this  new  teacher,  who  about  1821 
taught  at  the  Mennonite  meQting-house,  and  some 
years  later  at  the  Dry  Tavern,  the  rising  generation 
enjoyed  a  superior  grade  of  instruction. 

Later,  about  1830,  James  Stilwell  taught  several 
winters  at  the  Dry  Tavern,  and  about  ISIW  a  man 
named  Henry  Bowers  kept  the  school  at  Sclilebaeh's 
for  several  winters. 

At  this  time  most  of  the  boys  attempted  to  learn 
to  read  and  write  both  the  English  and  German  lan- 
guages. This  state  of  things  made  it  necessary  for 
the  teacher  to  be  proficient  in  both  tongues.  Few  of 
tliem  were  able  to  teach  botli  correctly.  The  pupils 
labored  under  great  disadvantages  in  more  than  one 
respect.  As  a  rule,  they  understood  only  the  Penn- 
sylvania German  dialect.  The  school-books  were 
either  in  English  or  High  German,  either  of  which 
they  understood  but  imperfectly.  Add  to  thi.s  draw- 
back the  short  term  the  school  usually  continued, 
the  irregular  attendance  of  the  scholars,  and  the  very 
imperfect  methods  of  instruction  ordinarily  employed, 
and  it  is  not  diliicult  to  form  a  correct  estimate  of  the 
mental  culture  and  literary  capacity  of  the  population 
of  Brecknock  township  of  those  days.  Their  imper- 
fect acquaintance  with  the  language  of  their  text- 
books was  especially  trying  in  the  study  of  arithmetic. 
The  pupil  was  very  much  embarra>sed  in  attempting 
to  solve  a  problem,  the  enunciation  of  which  was  set 
forth  in  an  unknown  tongue. 

As  a  rule,  the  girls  were  not  taught  further  than  to 
read,  and  that  mostly  ouly  in  German.  Very  few 
were  so  fortunate  as  to  be  taught  to  write.  The  boys, 
in  view  of  their  prospective  Hues  of  business,  were 
generally  taught  to  read  and  write  both  languages, 
and  some  of  them  were  taught  arithmetic  so  far  as 
the  rule  of  the  three  ;  but  there  were  many  men 
whose  education  in  tlie  science  of  numbers  was  al- 
most totally  neglected. 


The  common  scliool  system  was  first  introduced 
into  Pennsylvania  under  the  provisions  of  the  act  of 
Assembly  passed  Aiiril  1,  A. p.  1834,  in  which  the 
preauJjle  declares  that  the  education  of  the  people 
was  enjoined  by  the  Constitution  as  a  solemn- duty 
which  could  not  be  neglected  without  disregard  of 
the  moral  and  political  safety  of  the  people.  The 
supi)lementary  act  of  April  15,  a.d.  1835,  provided 
that  "  where  any  township  or  district  in  any  school 
division  votes  in  the  negative  on  the  question  of  ac- 
cepting the  law  to  which  this  is  a  supplement,  said 
township  or  district  shall  not  be  compelled  to  accept 
the  same." 

The  doctrine  that  "the  education  of  the  people  by 
this  school  system  was  a  solemn  duty  which  could  not 
be  safely  neglected"  was  not  believed  to  be  sound  by 
the  great  majority  of  the  jwople  of  Brecknock  town- 
ship. They  did  not  feel  that  there  was  any  necessity 
for  improvement  or  progress  in  education.  In  fact, 
many  well-meaning  jieople  honestly  believed  that  the 
education  of  the  masses  was  not  merely  useless  but 
dangerous.  They  stated  their  argument  about  as  fol- 
lows :  "Advanced  education  is  unnecessary  in  the  or- 
dinary affairs  of  life.  Past  generations,  from  time 
immemorial,  have  lived  and  made  their  way  honestly 
through  the  world  without  the  aid  of  the  free  school 
system,  and  succeeding  generations  cannot  have  any 
greater  need  of  it  than  the  present  or  jiast.  To  spend 
time  over  books  is  time  wasted,  which  every  able- 
bodied  person  is  in  duty  bound  to  employ  in  useful 
manual  labor."  These  prejudices  were  carried  to  such 
an_  extent  that  a  young  man  suspected  of  pursuing 
his  studies  with  a  view  of  qualifying  himself  for  the 
business  of  teaching  was  in  some  circles  severely  os- 
tracized, and  was  by  no  means  a  popular  character 
among  the  honest  farmers  of  the  community. 

These  honest  but  misguided  people  rejoiced  over 
their  privilege  annually  to  vote  down  the  hated  school 
law  which  was  about  to  insinuate  itself  into  their 
midst,  fraught  with  all  its  attendant  evils.  Who  then 
can  imagine  their  indignation  when  this  was  changed 
by  act  of  A.sscmbly  of  April  11,  1848?  This  act  pro- 
vided that  the  "  common  school  system  from  and  after 
the  jiassage  of  that  act  should  be  deemed  held  and 
taken  to  be  adopted  by  the  several  school  districts  of 
the  commonwealth." 

When  the  passage  of  this  law  became  generally 
known  the  neighborhood  of  Bowmansville  was  stirred 
into  a  ferment  resembling  that  of  Boston  occasioned 
by  the  passage  of  the  British  Stamp  Act  of  1765. 
The  citizens  generally  resented  the  enactment  of  this 
statute  as  a  wanton  invasion  of  their  most  sacred 
rights  and  the  assumption  by  the  Legislature  of  ua- 
w^irranted  powers.  They  protested  that  this  law  in- 
flicted a  final  and  fatal  stab  on  their  cherished  liberty 
to  vote  down  the  hated  free  school.  They  now  spoke 
of  American  liberty  as  a  thing  of  the  past,  and  of  the 
right  to  vote  and  the  boasted  privilege  of  the  ballot 
as  a  mockery.     The  term  "  free  schools"  applied  to 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


tlie  schools  thus  establislied  by  compulsory  legislation 
was  especially  inveighed  against  as  utterly  inappropri- 
ate. These  scliools,  forced  on  them  by  the  tyranny 
of  unjust  legislation  against  their  will,  repeatedly  ex- 
pressed at  the  ballot-box,  ouglit  tn  be  designated 
"Zwing  Schulen"  (forced  schools).  It  was  the  almost 
unanimous  opinion,  honestly  and  conscientiously  en- 
tertained, that  it  was  their  solemn  duty  to  resist  the 
execution  of  this  ini(iuitous  law  by  all  the  means  in 
their  power. 

At  this  period  there  were  five  or  six  school-houses 
in  the  township  to  furnish  accommodations  for  a  popu- 
lation of  thirteen  hundred  and  sixty-six  souls,  accord- 
ing to  the  tensusof  1850.  These  buildings  were  mostly 
log  cabins,  rudely  constructed,  without  furniture  and 
without  ventilation,  excepting  the  pure  air  that  clan- 
destinely intruded  through  the  crevices  of  the  un- 
plastered  walls.  They  were  generally  situated  iu 
out  of  the  way  places  along  the  wayside  or  at  the 
cross-roads  in  the  woods. 

The  most  important  school  in  the  district,  perhaps, 
was  the  one  situated  in  BowmansviUe,  wliich  village 
at  that  time  contained  as  yet  no  hotel,  but  consisted 
of  a  store,  containing  the  post-office,  and  three  or  four 
private  dwellings.  The  neighborhood  embraced  the 
most  deusely  po|)ulated  and  probably  the  wealthiest 
portion  of  the  township.  Here  an  attempt  was  made 
soon  after  the  passage  of  the  act  of  April  11,  1848,  to 
put  the  school  system  into  operation.  A  tax  was  laid 
by  the  school  directors,  but  the  opposition  aroused  by 
the  proceeding  was  such  that  the  idea  of  collecting 
the  same  was  soon  abandoned,  and  no  further  eilbrts  in 
that  direction  were  made  in  that  year. 

On  April  7,  1849,  an  act  of  Assembly  was  passed 
for  the  regulation  and  continuance  of  a  system  of 
education  by  common  schools,  of  which  the  eighth 
section  provides  that  if  all  the  members  of  any  board 
of  directors  shall  refuse  or  neglect  to  perform  their 
duties  by  laying  the  tax  required  by  law,  and  to  put 
or  keep  the  schools  in  operation  so  far  as  the  means 
of  the  district  will  admit,  the  Court  of  Quarter  Ses- 
sions of  the  proper  county  shall,  upon  complaint  in 
writing  by  any  six  taxable  citizens  of  tlie  district  and 
on  due  proof  thereof,  declare  their  seats  vacant  and 
appoint  others  in  their  stead  until  the  next  election. 
Under  this  provision  of  the  law  the  school  directors 
of  Brecknock  township  were  ousted  from  their  offices 
upon  the  petition  of  several  taxable  citizens  of  said 
township,  among  whom  Daniel  Sensenig  appeared  at 
the  head  and  front.  This  man  had  been  born  and 
raised  in  the  adjoining  township  of  Earl  ;  had  in  his 
earlier  history  been  engaged  as  a  teamster  between 
Philadelphia  and  Piltsburgli,  at  a  lime  wlien  railroads 
had  not  yet  been  heard  of.  He  was  a  farmer,  residing 
in  Brecknock  township.  .Vbove  all  others  he  felt  in- 
terested in  the  establishment  of  the  common  schools 
in  his  adopted  township,  and  .he  bent  all  his  energies, 
regardless  of  opposition,  to  the  successful  accomplish- 
ment of  his  project. 


When  the  Court  of  Quarter  Sessions  of  the  Peace, 
at  their  sessions  in  November,  1849,  came  to  appoint 
a  new  board  to  fill  the  places  made  vacant  by  the  re- 
moval of  (he  old  delintpient  directors,  the  name  of 
Daniel  Sensenig  appeared  at  the  head  of  the  list.  It  was 
evi<lenfto  him  and  his  friends  that  he  was  encounter- 
ing the  most  violent  opposition,  but  he  did  not  shrink 
from  the  assumption  of  every  responsibility  connected 
with  his  darling  project,  and  he  at  once  set  about  or- 
ganizing the  board  and  to  employ  teachers  for  the  sev- 
eral schools  in  the  district. 

At  this  time  a  man  named  Frederick  Leinbach  was 
teaching  school  at  BowmansviUe  under  the  old  system. 
This man'sprincipal  fitness  forthebusinessof  teaching 
consistedin  hisutterunfitnessforanythingelse.  Hewas 
a  quiet,  unoffending  being,  whose  mental  and  physical 
weakness  effectually  put  him  under  bonds  to  keep  the 
peace  with  everybody.  Being  poor  and  incapable  of 
earning  his  bread  by  manual  labor,  his  friends  thought 
it  would  be  no  disgrace  for  him  to  "  keep  school." 
So  the  thing  was  all  properly  arranged,  and  Frederick 
was  duly  installed  as  schoolmaster,  and  was  now  ac- 
tually swaying  the  pedagogical  sceptre  with  all  the 
awful  dignity  of  his  august  calling,  when  Mr.  Sense- 
nig and  his  colleagues  were  engaged  in  employing 
teachers  under  the  new  system  for  the  several  schools 
of  Brecknock  district. 

A  young  man  named  Samuel  L.  Herts  was  apjrointed 
teacher  for  the  BowmansviUe  school.  He  was  the 
son  of  a  clergyman  of  the  German  Reformed  Church, 
who  was  at  that  time,  and  had  been  for  years,  the 
pastor  of  several  congregations  in  the  neighborhood, 
including  Muddy  Creek  and  Centre  Churches.  It 
required  a  good  deal  of  tact  to  install  the  new  incum- 
bent. Mr.  Sensenig  tried  soft  words  and  persuasion, 
and,  to  the  surprise  and  chagrin  otLeinbach's  friends, 
he  vacated  tlie  school-house  and  young  Hertz  took 
possession.  Before  the  anti-school  men  were  fairly 
aware  of  the  state  of  affairs  the  free  school  had 
been  inaugurateS  in  BowmansviUe,  and,  what  seemed 
strange,  the  number  of  i)upils  in  attendance  was, 
under  the  circumstances,  quite  creditable. 

But  now  the  revolt  commenced.  As  the  lowering 
thunder-clouds  gather  on  the  distant  horizon  and 
spread  their  ominous  masses  over  the  darkened  sky, 
ready  to  discharge  their  angry  bolt-s,  so  the  storm  of 
popular  indignation  gathered  over  the  village  of  Bow- 
mansviUe, which  was  destined  to  break  on  its  devoted 
head  on  the  8th  of  January,  1850,  which  day,  by 
some  strange  coincidence,  happened  to  be  the  anni- 
versary of  the  famous  battle  of  New  Orleans.  On 
that  day  there  was  a  general  gathering  of  the  anti- 
school  men  in  BowmansviUe.  On  every  face  sat  ex- 
citement and  anger.  At  first,  as  the  neighbors  as- 
sembled, they  luriiicd  thnnselvs  into  groups  lor 
earnest  discussion.  In  the  mean  time  several  of  the 
few  school  men  of  the  neighborhood  also  arrived. 
Towards  noon  the  anti-school  men  made  a  rush  to- 
wards the  school-house  and  several  entered  it.    Sonu 


BRECKNOCK   TOWNSHIP. 


altercation  between  the  two  hostilfi  |jarties  ensueil. 
Blows  were  tlireateiieil,  if  none  were  aetnally  strnek. 
The  cliiklren,  atn-iglited,  fled  from  the  school-house. 
The  teacher  was  ejecteil,  and  tlie  anti-.school  men 
locked  the  dixir,  tonk  piisses^iiiii  of  the  key,  and  re- 
treated, claiiiiini;  to  have  achieved  a  C()mi)lete  vic- 
tory over  Mr.  Senscnif;  and  his  Irierids.  lUU  the 
school  men,  and  especially  Mr.  Seasenij,',  were  not 
dismayed  in  their  efforts  to  establish  the  schools. 
Criminal  prosecntions  were  promptly  instituted 
against  the  rioters,  as  they  were  now  generally 
termed,  and  after  a  hearing  before  John  S.  Stager, 
Esq.,  of  New  Holland,  they  were  all  bound  over  to 
appear  at  the  approaching  January  term  of  the  Court 
of  Quarter  Sessions,  to  be  held  in  Lancaster,  to  an- 
swer the  charge  brought  against  them. 

When  court  day  came,  Brecknock  township  sent  a 
larger  delegation  to  the  criminal  court  of  the  county 
thau  had  ever  been  witnessed  before  or  since  that 
time.  Tiie  day  was  inclement,  with  snow  and  sleet 
overhead  and  frozen  snow  and  ice  under  foot.  The 
defendants,  to  a  man,  made  their  way— a  distance  of 
over  twenty  miles — on  foot.  Among  them  were  some 
of  the  sires  and  grandsires  of  the  neighborhood. 
Most  of  the  school  men  of  the  vicinity  were  sub- 
poenaed as  witnesses  on  the  part  of  the  common- 
wealth. These  traveled  in  carriages.  On  the  road 
the  carriages  overtook  the  pedestrians,  and  the  meet- 
ing was  said  to  have  been  neither  cordial  nor  pleas- 
ant. Arrived  at  Lancaster  they  all  attended  court. 
The  first  day  of  the  criminal  court  week  was  spent  in 
the  usual  routine  of  constables'  returns  and  other 
current  business.  When  the  shades  of  evening  de- 
scended on  Lancaster  City  most  of  the  rioters,  never 
accustomed  to  be  away  from  home,  and  some  of 
whom  had  never  before  been  in  the  county-seat, 
ardently  longed  to  return  to  their  homes  and  families. 
They  were  informed,  however,  tliat  they  could  not 
depart  until  they  had  been  tried  for  the  charge  which 
had  been  brought  against  them.  With  heavy  hearts 
and  longing  desires  for  their  far-away  homes  in  Breck- 
nock, they  retired  to  their  lodgings,  no  doubt  heartily 
tired  of  their  situation.  Tliey,  however,  held  out 
until  Wednesday,  when  negotiations  were  opened  with 
Mr.  Sensenig  which  eventually  resulted  in  a  settle- 
ment of  the  prosecution.  The  defendants  agreed  to 
pay  all  the  costs,  and  promised  to  i)roperIy  conduct 
themselves  in  the  future,  and  especially  to  obey  the 
school  laws,  and  not  to  show  malice  or  ill  will  against 
any  one  on  account  of  the  recent  unpleasantness  in 
school  nuitters. 

But  these  promises  were  much  easier  made  than 
kept.  It  is  seldom  that  a  more  bitter  and  im|)lacable 
resentment' is  cherished  by  any  man  or  set  of  men 
than  by  these  halllcd  anti-.school  men.  Not  only 
were  those  who  had  actually  taken  part  against  thejn 
in  the  late  troubles  relentlessly- proscribed  and  ostra- 
cized in  business  and  social  intercourse,  but  also  olhers 
who,  on  account  of  their  social  iiositiou  or  known  lit- 


erary tastes,  were  suspected  of  sympathizing  with  the 
cause  of  education  were  made  to  suffer  their  hate  and 
vengeance. 

Th(ii-e  were,  besides  Mr.  Sensenig,  especially  two 
objects  of  their  spleen  that  deserve  notice.  These 
were  Samliel  Bownuin,  Esq.,  the  original  founder  of 
the  village,  who  was  then  postmaster  and  engaged  in 
the  mercantile  business  at  that  [dace,  and  Rev.  Daniel 
Hertz,  the  father  of  the  young  school-teacher  who  had 
been  mobbed  and  expelled  on  the  day  of  the  famous 
riot.  There  was  not  a  particle  of  proof  of  any  kind 
that  these  venerable  and  respectable  gentlemen  had 
done,  or  even  said,  anything  as  partisans  in  the  cause 
of  free  schools.  Nor  was  it  pretended  that  they  had 
been  aiding  or  even  counseling  the  late  prosecutions 
against  them.  But  by  some  intuitive  instinct  they 
thought  these  men  must  sympathize  with  the  cause 
of  education,  and  to  be  suspected  of  such  an  enormity 
wa.s  for  them  sufficient  cause  to  resort  to  harsh  meas- 
ures. Many  families  residing  in  the  immediate  neigh- 
borhood of  Bowmansville  that  had  been  accustomed 
for  a  series  of  long  years  to  trade  off  their  farm  pro- 
duce for  store-goods  in  their  own  village  now  passed 
that  store,  to  deal  with  other  merchants  miles  away. 
Some  of  these  same  persons  were  members  of  the 
churches  of  whom  Rev.  Hertz  was  pastor,  and  these 
raised  or  strenuously  tried  to  raise  dissensions  and 
destroy  the  peace  in  these  congregations.  And  Daniel 
Sensenig,  who  belonged  to  the  Mennonite  communion, 
had  to  suffer  the  application  of  their  strict  discipline, 
which  positively  forbids  the  invocation  of  the  strong 
arm  of  the  municipal  law  in  the  vindication  of  public 
or  private  rights. 

Among  the  rioters  who  assembled  in  Bowmansville 
on  that  menu)rable  8tli  of  January,  1850,  was  a  char- 
acter that  stood  forth  in  prominent  and  bold  relief. 
His  conduct  on  that  day  had  attracted  the  attention 
of  some  of  the  citizens,  who  had  dubbed  him  "  the 
general"  or  "commander-in-chief."  This  man  was 
Elias  Leinbach,  the  father  of  Frederick,  the  school- 
master. He  was  now  far  advanced  in  years,  well 
known  in  the  neighborhood  as  a  skillful  brushrnaker 
and  repairer  of  clocks.  But  he  was  still  more  famous 
as  a  believer  in  witches  and  hobgoblins  and  as  one 
who  frequently  dug  after  concealed  buried  treasures. 
He,  as  a  champion  of  his  son,  the  schoolmaster,  had 
become  a  violent  and  demonstrative  anti-school  par- 
tisan. He  liad  also  been  indicted  with  the  rest  of  the 
rioters,  and  luid  been  among  them  when  the  prosecu- 
tion was  compromised,  and  his  proportionate  share  of 
the  costs  had  either  been  ]jaid  by  him  or  by  someof  his 
friends  for  him.  But  as  for  him,  he  was  unwilling  to 
let  the  matter  rest  there.  If  the  iniquitous  free  school 
system  w<is  to  be  introduced  into  Brecknock  township, 

and  protests  of  its  honest  yeomanry, — if  liberty  was  to 
be  trampled  into  the  dust  by  the  iron  hand  of  oppres- 
sion,—he,  for  one,  at  least  would  not  stand  idly  by 
witlHjut  seeking  to  be  avenged  on  these  presumptu- 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


till 


Uonly 


liled  his  dearest 


ous  tyrants  w 
rights. 

In  taking  a  survey  of  tlie  wliole  field  of  action  he 
found  no  fitter  subject  for  liis  vengeance  than  Daniel 
Sensenig.  For  the  purpose  of  finding  the  projier 
metliodof  proceeding  eminent  legal  counsel  were  con- 
sulted. It  wa.s  determined  that  a  suit  against  Jlr.  Sen- 
senig for  malicious  prosecution  was  tlie  best  means 
that  could  be  adopted  to  obtain  the  desired  end. 
Whether  the  experienced  counsel  he  employed  really 
believed  that  he  could  recover  damages  in  the  case  is, 
of  course,  impossible  to  tell.  At  this  distance  of  time, 
in  passing  judgment  on  that  point,  great  allowance 
should  be  made  for  the  intense  feeling  that  existed  at 
that  period.  But,  be  that  as  it  may,  the  suit  was 
brought,  and  on  the  12th  day  of  February,  ISOl,  the 
summons  was  issued  and  the  writ  duly  served  ou  the 
defendant. 

Subsequently  a  rule  was  taken  by  the  plaintiff  to 
have  arbitrators  chosen  to  whom  the  controversy 
should  be  referred,  and  on  the  20th  of  June,  1851, 
the  parties  and  their  attorneys  appeared  in  the  jiro- 
thonotary'.s  office  at  Lancaster,  and  chose  David  Wit- 
mer,  Christian  Hoflmau,  Jr.,  and  John  Styer  arbi- 
trators, and  the  time  and  place  of  meeting  wore  fixed 
in  the  village  of  New  Holland,  on  Thursday,  the  7th 
day  of  August,  18ol,  at  one  o'clock  p.m. 

This  suit  attracted  almost  as  much  attention  as  the 
original  prosecution  of  the  rioters.  Numbers  of  wit- 
nesses on  both  sides  were  in  attendance.  Besides  the 
parties,  arbitrators,  counsel,  and  witnesses,  there  were 
crowds  of  excited  spectators.  The  witnesses  on  the 
side  of  the  plaintiff  were  ready  and  willing  to  testify, 
and  under  cross-examination  attemi)ted  to  be  imper- 
tinent and  witty.  The  result  was,  as  is  almost  inva- 
riably the  case  under  similar  circumstances,  that  the 
tact  and  experience  of  the  trained  advocate  proves  an 
overmatch  for  the  witness,  and  turns  the  laugh  of  the 
crowd  against  the  pseudo  wit.  This  was  es()eclally 
the  fate  of  one  of  plaintiff's  witnesses,  who  made  up 
by  a  superabundance  of  pluck  what  he  lacked  in 
stature.  On  account  of  his  diminutive  size,  he  was 
by  the  counsel  for  the  defendant  called  the  "  Bantam- 
cock,"  an  appellation  that  wa.s  remembered  by  some 
of  the  spectators  as  long  as  he  lived. 

At  last  the  evidence  was  closed,  the  counsel  pro- 
ceeded to  argue  the  case  before  the  arbitrators,  and 
then  submitted  it  to  their  decision.  The  arbitiaturs 
came  from  the  retirement  of  their  room,  where  they 
had  been  secluded  during  their  consultations,  and 
announced  their  award  to  be  "  No  cause  for  action." 
This  report  was  duly  filed  in  the  pruthonotary's  office 
at  Lancaster  on  the  8th  day  of  August,  1851. 

It  might  perhaps  be  expected  that  with  this  last 
scene  in  this  "  strange,  eventful  history"  the  curtain 
should  finally  drop,  and  the  tale  should  end  here. 
But  there  was  still  another  -act  to  follow,  and  when 
tlie  curtain  rises  again  we  behold  the  cliief  execulive 
olficer   of  the  court  in  hot  pursuit  of  the  venci.ilile 


form  of  Elias  Leiiibach,  the  plaintifT  in  the  late  suit, 
with  a  capias  ad  satiyacieudam  for  the  costs  incurred 
in  the  action  which  had  just  been  determined. 

Tl^  poor  old  man  now  experienced  the  glorious 
uncertainty  of  the  law.  He  had  instituted  thi.s  legal 
))roceeclii1ir  with  tin.:  object  of  being  revenged  on 
Daniel  Sensenig,  and  now  —  could  he  trust  his 
senses? — here  were  the  stern  officers  of  the  law  in- 
exorably demanding  from  him  a  sum  of  money  quite 
beyond  his  pecuniary  ability  to  pay,  and  in  default 
of  payment  threatened  to  quarter  him  in  limbo. 
Were  these  the  sweet  waters  he  had  hoped  to  drink 
from  the  cup  of  revenge  and  retaliation?  Had  he 
really  dug  a  i)it  and  fallen  into  it?  But  these  refiec- 
tions  were  interrupted  by  the  rude  arrest  made  by 
the  sherilf,  who  started  him  on  his  way  for  a  second 
involuntary  trip  to  Lancaster.  Arrived  there,  he  has- 
tened to  consult  his  counsel,  who  at  once  applied  to 
the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  lor  the  benefit  of  the  in- 
solvent laws  of  the  State.  His  sons  did  not  forsake 
their  old  and  distressed  father  in  his  extremity,  hut 
|)rocured  for  him  the  necessary  sureties.  His  bond 
was  then  filed  for  his  release  under  the  insolvent 
laws,  and  he  was  set  at  liberty.  After  having  in  this 
manner  regained  his  freedom,  he  proceeded  on  his 
way  homeward,  a  wiser  though  probably  a  sadder 
man  than  he  had  been  previous  to  his  experience  in 
the  glorious  uncertainty  of  the  law. 

Highly  discreditable  as  the  events  just  detailed 
appear  in  tlie  light  of  present  surroundings,  it  is 
gratifying  to  every  true  friend  of  popular  education 
that  a  radical  change  for  the  better  has  since  been 
effected,  and  that  a  new  era  of  marked  improvement, 
not  only  in  education  but  also  in  agriculture  and 
general  prosperity,  dates  from  these  days  of  strife  and 
cominotion  in  Brecknock. 

By  reference  to  the  reports  of  the  county  super- 
intendent it  appears  that  in  18.^i8  the  number  of 
school-houses  had  increased  to  seven,  and  the  total 
receipts  for  school  purposes  were  fourteen'  hundred 
and  fifty-two  dollars  and  ninety-five  cents.  These 
figures  in  1880  had  increased  to  nine  school-houses, 
and  total  receipts  to  five  thousand  one  hundred  and 
seven  dollars  and  nineteen  cents,  of  which  sum,  how- 
ever, a  large  portion  was  used  for  the  erection  of  new 
school- houses.  This  process  of  building  has  been 
carried  on  till  all  the  old  school-houses  have  been 
replaced  by  sulistantial  structures  built  of  sandstone, 
of   which    huge  supjilies   are    nearly    everywhere   ut 

At  the  (iresent  time  nut  only  the  school-houses, 
with  their  furniture  and  apparatus,  will  bear  a  favor- 
able comparison  with  those  of  other  districts  which 
heretofore  were  generally  considered  as  more  ad- 
vanced,  but  some  of  the  yoting  men  and  women  of 
this  township,  embracing  probably  lineal  descendants 
of  the  rioters  of  1850,  are  engaged  in  the  laudable 
employment  of  instructing  the  youths  of  the  district 
according  to  the  most  approved  methods  of  modern 


BRECKNOCK   TOWNSHIP. 


685 


times.    At  ( 


inual 


itinns  tlie  niitive  teacli- 
ere  of  the  district  exliiliit  abun<liuit  proof  of  tliL-ir 
mental  capacity,  tlieir  iiulustry  and  creditable  ac- 
quirements. 

A  few  of  her  youths  liave  even  aspired  to  higher 
education  than  what  tl)e  conimon  schools  aflbrd. 
While  some  liave  creditably  mastered  tlie  mysteries 
of  medical  science  and  the  healing  art,  another  has 
lately  graduated  from  Franklin  and  Marsliall  College 
with  the  highest  honors  at  the  head  of  his  class. 

Nor  has  the  progress  of  the  township  in  material 
prosperity  been  less  rapid  or  marked.  Farms  whose 
fields  were  once  exhausted  and  sterile  have  been 
vastly  improved,  and  their  barns,  though  capacious, 
often  prove  too  contracted  to  contain  their  prolific 
produce.  The  improvements  in  the  methods  of  agri- 
culture hold  even  pace  with  the  general  advance- 
ment. All  the  modern  labor-saving  machines  and 
approved  implements  of  agriculture  are  now  found 
in  use  among  the  farmers  of  this  district. 

The  improved  condition  of  ihe  roads  will  strike 
every  traveler.  Thirty  years  ago  the  roads  were 
mostly  deep  ravines,  rudely  plowed  with  ruts.  At 
other  places  the  weary  wayfarer  had  to  climb  over 
huge  rocks  of  sandstone  or  iron  bowlders.  All  this 
is  changed.  Well-formed  drains  on  either  side  of 
the  road  now  protect  them  against  the  formation  of 
ruts.  Rocks  and  stones  have  been  removed  from 
the  road-beds,  while  large  quantities  of  small  sand- 
stone, gathered  by  cleaning  the  fields,  have  been 
hauled  on  the  roads,  and  long  distances  of  excellent 
turnpikes  have  thus  been  constructed. 

The  justices  of  the  peace  who  held  jurisdiction  over 
this  township  from  1777  to  1840  will  be  found  in  the 
civil  list  of  the  county  in  District  No.  5,  of  which  it 
composed  a  part  with  Caernarvon.  It  was  also  a  part 
of  District  No.  G,  with  Cocalico. 

The  names  of  the  justices  who  served  from  1840'  to 
the  present  time  are  here  given  : 

Jacob  Sliuiir,  A]iril  14,  1R40.  ,  Willinin  VaiieiJa,  .^piil  15,  1S02. 

Al.nilmm  liixlcr,  April  14,  1B41>.  [  II,  li.  Ik'ckcr,  Al.iil  V2,  lKli4. 
Andrew  Slirimp,  April  'J,  1.S44.  Iluiay  E,  Shrimp,  Apiil,  18G7. 

Jolili   n.  Goo.l,   April   \\  1847,   to      Ucubeii  Sliuber,  April,  ISOS). 

April  1.),  l.'iW.  II.  li.  Becki-r,  Apiil.  1S70. 

Henry  S.  Micliin-I,  April  1:!,  1852.        S.  (J.  Seifcil,  April,  1S74, 

Julici  n,  Ui.oil,  April  14,  1857.  '  It.  G.  Siiobor,  April,  1874,  to  1870. 

Williiiui  VaiieiJa,  April  14,  1857.  [  S.  G.  Soifrit,  April,  18SU. 

,  tiiij ;),  I85'j. 


1!.  Ii«i 


Bowmansville  is  situated  in  the  valley  formed  by 
two  braiiches  of  Muddy  Creek,  issuing  from  the  rocky 
hills  along  the  Berks  County  line,  which  form  the 
water-shed  between  the  Delaware  and  the  Susque- 
hanna. The  State  road  from  Blue  Ball  to  Reading 
here  crosses  the  Iteamstown  and  Plow  Tavern  road. 
The  land  on  the  south  side  of  the  latter  road  is  part 
of  the  large  tract  surveyed  in  1737  to  Christian  Good, 
embracing  the  mill  a  ipiarter  of  a  mile  to  the  south. 
On  the  other,  on   north  side  of  the  road,  the  soil   is 

'  By  tlic-  CoMdlitutioh  of  18:i9  tlio  tov  nuliip  Locauie  a  Bfjiarnte  >li,tii.t. 


part  of  the  Ulrich  Burkholder  tract.  On  each  of 
these  tracts  one-story  log  farm-houses  were  erected 
at  an  early  date,  both  near  the  site  of  the  village, 
that  an  the  Good  tract  really  within  its  borders. 
About  1704  the  Jlennonites,  forming  the  principal 
part  of  the  surrounding  population,  built  a  sandstone 
meeting-house  on  the  southwest  corner  of  the  cross- 
roads, near  the  last-mentioned  farm-house.  At  this 
time  what  few  store  goods  the  people  needed  were 
supplied  either  from  Reading,  twelve  miles  to  the 
northeast,  or  from  Adainstown,  four  miles  northwest 
from  this  place.  No  nearer  store  was  in  existence 
then. 

Samuel  Bowman,  Esq.,  after  wdiom  the  place  was 
named,  was  born  Dec.  1,  17.S9.  He  was  a  lineal  de- 
scendant of  Wendell  Bowman,  who  about  1707  im- 
migrated to  Gerinantown  and  thence  to  Lancaster 
County.  One  of  his  descendants,  named  Christian, 
settled  in  the  Allegheny  Valley,  now  Berks  County, 
four  miles  east  from  Bowmansville,  wdiere  in  1749  he 
built  a  log  house  which  is  still  standing.  Young 
Samuel  by  industry  and  perseverance  acquired  a  re- 
spectable education.  As  a  young  man  he  had  for 
several  winters  taught  school  in  the  Mennonile  meet- 
ing-house and  other  places  in  the  neighborhood.  In 
1820  he  built  the  large  two-story  sandstone  dwelling 
and  store-house  still  standing  on  the  southeast  corner 
of  the  cross-roads,  and  commenced  the  business  of 
country  store-keeper,  surveyor,  and  conveyancer.  He 
prospered  in  business,  and,  being  skillful  as  a  sur- 
veyor and  scrivener,  was  appointed  a  justice  of  the 
peace.  He  accepted  his  commission  solely  for  the 
l)urpose  of  taking  acknowledgments  of  the  many 
deeds  of  conveyance  and  other  instruments  of  writing 
he  prepared.  On  the  1st  of  April,  the  general  settle- 
ment day,  his  store  was  crowded.  .Deeds  were  exe- 
cuted and  delivered,  the  purchase  money  counted  and 
paid  over,  and  the  settlements  of  the  surrounding 
neighborhood  wer^niade  there. 

About  1830  another  dwelling-house  with  cooper- 
shop  was  erected  in  the  village  by  Martin  Bowman, 
on  land  for  which  he  paid  one  hundred  dollars  an 
acre.  This  was  then  thought  an  enormous  price.  In 
1832  a  stone  .school-house  was  built  in  the  village  op- 
posite the  store,  and  after  that  the  meeting-house  was 
no  longer  used  for  school  purposes.  On  the  advent 
of  the  new  administration  following  the  Presidential 
election  of  ^840,  a  iiost-office  with  mail  supply  from 
Blue  Ball  was  established  in  this  infant  village,  which 
as  yet  had  not  received  a  name.  But  Samuel  Bow- 
man, Esq.,  having  received  the  appointment  of  post- 
master, the  post-office  and  place  were  after  him  named 
Bownnansville. 

On  account  of  the  two  oflices  being  incompatible, 
this  appointment  deprived  him  of  his  justice's  com- 
mission. The  neighborhood  felt  this  vacancy  as  a 
serious  inconvenience,  which  in  the  spring  of  1847 
was  remedied  by   the   election  of  his   nephew,  J.  B. 


Good,  Escp,  as  a  just: 


le  pc 


durinir  tin 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


same  year  built  the  dwelling  and  office  on  the  north- 
east corner  of  the  cross-roads,  which  place  he  occu- 
pied (being  twice  re-elected)  as  a  justice  of  the  peace, 
surveyor,  and  conveyancer  until  his  removal  to  Lan- 
caster in  April,  1858. 

In  1851,  Peter  B.  Good  erected  the  jjrescnt  hotel  on 
the  northwest  corner  of  the  cross-roads,  on  ground 
costing  two  hundred  dollars  an  acre,  which  was  still 
thought  a  very  higli  price.  He  succeeded  in  obtain- 
ing license,  although  there  was  a  remonstrance  filed 
against  it  at  the  instigation  of  the  landlord  at  the 
Dry  Tavern,  two  miles  southwest  from  Bowmausville. 
In  the  summer  of  1854  the  meeting-house  at  the  cem- 
etery, half-way  between  the  store  and  the  mill,  was 
erected.  About  this  time  the  first  brick  dwellings 
were  built  in  the  village,  and  a  new  school-house  in 
the  northern  part  of  the  place  was  erected,  and  tiie 
old  school-house  changed  and  enlarged  into  a  dwell- 
ing and  shoe-store. 

Soon  after  the  election  of  James  Buehanan  to  the 
Presidency,  in  1850,  the  post-office  was  removed,  or 
rather  discontinued,  and  a  new  one  established  at  tlie 
Dry  Tavern.  But  this  mistake  was  promptly  reme- 
died. The  post-office  at  Bowinansville  was  not  only 
re-established,  but  measures  were  now  taken  which 
resulted  in  a  signal  improvement.  Instead  of  being 
supplied  once  a  week  on  horseback  from  Blue  Ball, 
the  office  at  Bowmansville  is  now  served  by  a  stage- 
coach running  daily  between  Fairville  and  the  city 
of  Reading. 

On  Jan.  19,  1857,  Samuel  Bowman,  Esq.,  founder 
of  the  village,  died,  and  his  remains  are  buried  in  the 
cemetery  at  that  place. 

About  1874  the  Jlennonite  congregation  sold  their 
old  sandstone  meeting-house  situate  in  the  villai;e, 
and  erected  a  frame  structure  to  take  its  place  a  short 
distance  southwest  of  the  mill.  The  site  vacated  by 
this  removal  was  occupied  by  the  erection  of  a  large 
brick  dwelling-house.  . 

Meanwhile. the  general  prosperity  of  the  village 
and  surrounding  country  has  wonderfully  improve 
The  productiveness  and  market  value  of  farms  has 
greatly  appreciated.  The  population  of  the  village  is 
about  one  hundred  and  fifty.  It  contains  a  hotel, 
large  country  store,  the  finest  flouring-mill  in  the 
neighborhood,  extensive  blacksmith-  and  wagon- 
maker-shops,  clock-  and  watchmakers,  shoemakers, 
tinsmiths,  marble -works,  cigar- makers,  butchers, 
]iainters,  cabinet-makers,  physician,  justice  of  the 
peace,  and  other  industries. 

Although  there  are  no  ornate  or  e.xpensive  edifices 
in  this  village,  it  may  justly  be  claimed  that  it  is  ex- 
ceptionally well  built.  There  are  no  unsightly  old 
log  hul-<  tliat  di.^figure  so  many  country  villages.  All 
the  houses  ale  comlorlable  two-story  structures.  If 
there  is  not  much  wealth  in  this  village,  there  is  ab- 
solutely no  poverty  within  its  limits. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES. 

.JACOB  F.  KERN. 
Jacob  F.  Kern,  merchant  and  postmaster  at  Muddy 
Creek,  in  Brecknock  township,  was  born  at  Red  Run, 
in  the  same  township,  Oct.  24,  1844.  His  father, 
J.icob,  a  nati\e  of  L.mcaater  Couuty  (as  w.is  his 
gi.mdfather),  was  born  in  1811,  and  died  Sept  b  1870. 
.r  icob  Kern  mauud  I  i  lun  i  Tr  uikh  ui-i  i  I  I  uicaa- 
lei  County      blie  du  1    V]  iil  _  i    1    M        I  i     ^      .d  ■nx 


children,  all  sons,  of  whom  five  are  living.  Jacob  F. 
Kern  was  the  fourth  son.  The  common  lot  of  farmers' 
boys  fell  to  his  share.  He  got  a  little  schooling  and 
a  good  deal  of  hard  work.  At  the  age  of  twelve  he 
went  to  11  ve  with  his  uncle,  .-Vdam  Kern,  near  Church- 
town,  with  whom  he  remained  four  years.  Then  (at 
the  age  of  si.\teen)  he  essayed  to  take  care  of  him- 
self, and  for  three  years  thereafter  labored  as  a  farm 
hand.  At  the  age  of  nineteen  he  determined  to  learn 
a  trade,  and  in  pursuance  of  that  resolve  took  ser- 
vice with  John  Slaybach,  a  carpenter  of  Brecknock 
township.  For  eight  years  he  followed  with  much 
industry'the  calling  he  had  cliosen,  and  for  the  on- 
suing  five  years  workeil  first  at  wheelwrighting,  and 
subsequently  at  house-painting.  Thus  far  he  had 
passed  through  an  experience  freighted  with  hard 
work  and  exacting  driin  upon  the  energies  of  his 
[jhysical   nature.     lie  concluded,  therefore,  to  enter 


CAERNARVON   TOWNSHIP. 


687 


the  mercantile  trade,  as  more  in  consonance  with  his 
views  and  ambition,  and  in  1877  embarl^ed  upon  his 
career  as  a  merchant.  He  chose  a  location  atlMuddy 
Creek,  where  Benjamin  Rainier,  and  others  before 
him, had  vainly  sought  to  make  store-keeping  a  profit- 
able venture.  General  opinion  pointed  to  the  lielief 
that  the  place  was  not  likely  to  prove  a  paying  one 
to  anybody,  but  Mr.  Kern  thought  difl'erently,  and 
entered  upon  the  project,  satisfied  that  he  would 
make  a  success  of  it.  Although  it  was  at  first  a  dis- 
couraging struggle  he  soon  began  to  see  an  improve- 
ment, and  so  steadily  striving  as  he  had  never  striven 
before,  realized  at  last  that  he  had  built  up  a  satis- 
factory and  promising  trade.  It  was  no  small  thing 
to  accomplish,  in  the  face  of  such  untoward  circum- 
stances as  beset  the  young  merchant  at  the  start,  and 
it  is  naturally  a  gratifying  incident,  worthy  of  record, 
that  he  achieved  a  victory.  Since  1870  he  has  been 
postmaster  at  JIuddy  Creek,  and  is  to-day  a  flourish- 
ing merchant,  as  well  as  a  widely-respected  citizen. 
He  has  served  his  township  as  school  director,  and  is 
now  township  auditor.  In  his  public  services  he  hius 
been  zealous  and  faithful,  and  is  known  as  a  watch- 
ful and  able  guardian  of  the  interests  intrusted  to 
his  care.  He  has  been  a  member  of  the  Lutheran 
Church  for  about  twenty  years,  earlier  an  attendant 
at  Reamstown,  and  now  at  Centre  Church.  July  3, 
1866,  Mr.  Kern  was  married  to  Catherine,  daughter 
of  Samuel  Frankhauser,  of  Brecknock.  In  1881,  he 
erected  at  Muddy  Creek  a  handsome  residence,  much 
to  the  architectural  adornment  of  the  locality,  and 
creditable  as  well  to  his  own  taste  and  design. 


HENRY  STAUFFER. 
Henry  Stauflfer,  one  of  the  best  known  of  Breck- 
nock's farmer-citizens,  was  born  in  ICast  Lampeter 
township,  Lancaster  Co.,  Dec.  28,  1812.  His  great- 
grandfather (Christian  or  Christopher)  came  to  Amer- 
ica from  the  Palatinate  in  17-19,  accompanied  by  his 
wife  and  two  sons.  He  settled  in  East  Lampeter 
township  upon  a  i)lace  that  has  Ihcm  in  the  possession 
of  his  descendants  from  tliat  day  to  this,  his  great- 
grandson,  Benjamin  R.,  being  now  the  owner  thereof. 
Christian's  son,  John  (born  1733,  and  died  Dec.  26, 
1811),  was  a  preacher  of  the  Jlennonite  faith,  and  for 
many  years  was  an  important  factor  in  the  history  of 
that  church  in  Lancaster  County.  His  wife  was  Ve- 
ronica Buckwalter,  who  died  Feb.  10,  1826.  His  son 
Daniel  married  Mary  Rohrer,  and  to  them  were  born 
eleven  children,  of  whom  the  living  are  four  sons  and 
two  daughters.  Henry  Staufl'er  was  the  third  son. 
To  the  age  of  seventeen  his  history  was  that  of  the 
average  farmer's  lad.  He  worked  for  his  father  in 
the  summer,  and  attended  school  in  the  winter.  His 
opportunities  at  school  were,  however,  improved  with 
more  than  ordinary  profit,  for  when  his  school-days 
were  over  he  was  adjudged  a  competent  teacher,  and 
inclining  towards  scholastic  pursuits,  ho  took  a  school 


in  East  Lampeter  in  the  year  1829.  At  this  time 
there  was  a  great  lack  of  uniformity  in  the  text-books 
in  use  in  the  schools,  and  to  a  system  of  correct  edu- 
cation this  condition  of  things  ofl'ered  a  serious  ob- 
stacle. Mr.  Staulfer  recognizing  the  evil  in  its  fullest 
sense,  se*t  himself  to  ellect  a  change  for  the  better,  and 
labored  with  such  energy  of  purpose  that  to  him,  in 
a  material  degree,  may  be  ascribed  the  accomplish- 
ment of  the  desired  result,  soon  afterwards  obtained. 
Almost  without  interruption  Mr.  Stauffer  taught 
school  from  1829  to  1862,  and  during  that  entire 
period  found  his  fields  of  labor  in  the  townships  of 
East  Lampeter,  Leacock,  and  Manor.  He  was  re- 
garded as  a  teacher  of  more  than  usually  successful 
methods,  and  won  the  proud  satisfaction  of  knowing 
that  many  of  the  pupils  whose  characters  and  train- 
ing he  had  moulded  rose  to  positions  of  importance 
in  the  world  of  social  intelligence. 

Upon  retiring  from  his  long  and  useful  career  as  a 
teacher  he  embarked  in  trade,  and  for  some  years 
kept  store  in  East  Lampeter.  In  1864  he  purchased 
a  farm  in  Brecknock  township,  and  from  that  day  to 
this  has  had  his  home  thereon.  June  7, 1849,  he  was 
married  to  Anna,  daughter  of  William  Schnader,  of 
East  Earl  township.  Of  their  eleven  children  ten 
are  living.  He  was  reared  in  the  Mennonite  faith, 
but  since  1850  has  been  a  member  of  the  Reformed 
Church  (earlier  of  the  New  Holland  Church,  in  which 
he  was  an  elder,  and  now  of  Centre  Church).  He 
has  ujjon  frequent  occasions  served  as  township  school 
director,  and,  in  season  as  well  as  out  of  season,  has 
manifested  by  his  earnest  works  a  warm  and  zealous 
interest  in  the  cause  of  popular  education. 

Mr.  Stauffer  is  justly  regarded  as  a  man  of  liberal 
and  enterprising  views,  endowed  with  a  spirit  of  broad 
comprehension  and  observation.  -He  is,  moreover,  a 
student,  as  well  as  a  keen  observer.  Upon  the  cur- 
rent topics  of  the  day,  as  well  as  upon  the  subjects  of 
|)olitical  history  anj  scientific  researches,  he  is  able  to 
discourse  with  vigorous  intelligence.  In  that  field  he 
is  a  recognized  local  authority  whose  opinions  are 
highly  respected.  Although  already  past  the  Bibli- 
cal limit  of  threescore  and  ten,  he  is  hale  and  hearty, 
and   promises  to  enjoy  many  years  of  healthful  ac- 


CHA 
CAEKNAK 


T  E  K    X  L. 
0\    TOWNSHIP. 


j  That  beautiful  section  of  Eastern  Lancaster 
tCounty,  bounded  on  the  north  by  the  "  Forest  Hills," 
on  the  south  by  the  Welsh  Mountain,  and  through 
which  runs  the  l.ead-watei-  ol'  the  Couestoga  (in  In- 
!  diaii  language  '■('n.uked  I'leek"),  was,  according  to 
ascertained  records,  firat  settled  by  a  colony  of  Welsh 
people  about  the  year  1730.     They  were  an  oflshoot 


I!.v  Mrs.  Martha  Ji- 


HISTORY   OP   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


from  a  colony  of  Welsh  who  had  emigrated  about 
1700,  and  liad  made  a  settlement  in  the  great  valley 
of  Chester  County.  After  some  years,  in  the  spirit  of 
exploration,  some  of  these  colonists  pushed  westward, 
and  arriving  at  what  is  now  known  as  Caernarvon 
township,  were  pleased  with  the  beauty  and  natural 
advantages  of  the  place.  The  country  was  then  an  un- 
broken forest,  but  through  a  sort  of  rjalural  iiku'Imw 
flowed  a  large  and  clear  spring:,  of  uatir,  and  near 
this  was  a  sort  of  cave.  Here  they  rested  tem|iorarily 
and  here  determined  to  locate,  and  they  began  at  once 
to  put  up  a  sort  of  block-house  for  protection,  and  to 
take  up  and  clear  land.  As  most  of  these  emigrants 
were  of  the  Church  of  England,  they  with  commend- 
able zeal  .soon  began  the  erection  of  a  log  church. 

From  the  reccn-d  of  Bangor  Church  I  extract  the 
following  charter,  as  given  by  William  Penn  to 
these  colonists.  I  transcribe  it  as  written  in  the  old- 
fashioned  style  in  the  record  : 

"  By  the  lloMuniUo  WiUialn  Pen  Ksquire  Originnl  I'loprietur  of  tlie 
province  of  I'eniifijlvanln,  liU  cliurl.T.    To  nil  jrereons  who  slioiil.i  hu 


BiiiJ  Troveuce.     Ii  i.s  Gnintod  Uiuy  elinll  enjoy  the  freb  excrciav  of  l 

gaging  a  placo  of  Priviledges.  Aiiioiig  ntluTB  aevol-.il  fauiiliiB  of  Wf  li 
known  by  tlie  Name  of  the  autitl.l  liriltons,  Did  Transplant  Thwnsfiv 
flom  Wales  in  Olil  England  into  tlit.  ProVinco  alorcsaid  and  setll 
Thennclvi-s  lirst  in  tlic  tuwiiBliip  u(  Hadnnr,  in  tlie  Connty  of  Cliestei 


in  a  Towns 

filicilltd  C 

eru 

rvoii  fi.i 

1  a,liir.'..niu-B 

mie  name  111  W 

ales 

in  Old  England  and  fi 

ing 

here  Tli 

ey  (in  imitations 

of  all  good  C 

lis 

tians)  Fou 

id  that  no 

Pla 

0  would 

he  agreealde  to 

them  without 

the 

Public  Wo 

sliipofGod 

Th 

eiefore  11 

iaiiim..u«ly  and 

■urdially  coiiBi- 

iteO 

and  agreed 

according  t 

Ih 

ir  Worldly  CircunistunccB 

to  Build  a  Ch 

rcb 

of  8,|nare 

,oga  wliicli 

they  linldhed 

and  Gave  it  tli 

B  iNauie  of  Bangor 

from  a  Dio 

ce-e  of  that 

Nai 

lo  in  Wa 

eBinUld   Eiighi 

1.1.     The  ininc 

ipal 

meuibeia  \ 

ho  Built  lb 

aai 

d  (.'UurLl 

were  as  follows 

"Tlloniu 

li  WilliaiuB. 

Philip  Dav 

es. 

George 

IIullBon. 

UecBo  Davi 

■3. 

George  lliittaon.  Tlii.iiiaB  Ni.  liol.,»s. 

Edward  Nlcholaas.  J. din  IlinKB. 

Kev.  Mr.  Griffith  llugliB,  mi. 

Rev.  Mr.  Kogel  Blackball. 

liev.  Mr.  Itichard  Lock,  a.d.  17;!0. 

Itev.  Mr.  Georgo  Craig,  A.D.  n.'il. 
"Uy  will,  Thomas  Morgan,  Esq.,  a  Welclirnan,  of  Moigantown,  Dec. 
Il,  1740,  doiuited  03  ucreH  Ijing  around  this  log  church,  which  they 
id  named  llangor,  to  ilo  ns"  and  service.     This  pro]ierty  was  let  out 
1  ground-rents  for  tlio  pnipoBO,  .icioiding  to  the  terms  of  the  will,  of 

jd  of  99  years.    On  Ibis  properly  lioii:-eh  were  erected,  the  church  thus 

0  village  Bangor,  after  Bangor,  in  W.ilen,  but  In   Ibis  way  It  canio  to 

1  called  'the  Cbuichtown,'  and  bo  Cbuiclitown." 


About  the  year  17.54  a  new  stone  church  was 
erected,  to  which  Nathan  Evans,  Esq.,  contributed 
one  hundred  pounds,  a  princely  donation  for  tliosu 
dayiv  This  church  still  existed  in  ii>y  childhood.  I 
remember  it  its  a  beautiful  specimen  of  an  English 
country 'church,  with  its  spire  and  belfry,  its  little 
box-paneled  pulpit,  with  sounding-board  over  it, 
on  which  was  painted  a  dove,  life-size,  its  liigli  biix- 
pews,  and  an  elevated  one  for  the  lord  of  the  manor. 
This  was  a  mere  title  of  courtesy,  as'the  land  here  was 
not  held  as  a  niiinor,  but  by  individual  title.  In  the 
early  part  of  this  century  this  church  was  taken  down, 
and  one  erected  on  tlie  original  site  of  much  less 
architectural  beauty.  Some  stones,  on  which  the 
donors  to  the  old  churclt  had  cut  their  names,  were 
incorporated  again  in  the  eastern  walls.  Bangur 
Church  continued  in  active  ministry  until  about  the 
time  of  the  Revolution,  since  which  time  it  has  been 
declining,  although  there  was  ;t  revival  of  its  power 
throughout  the  time  it  was  under  the  faithful  miiii=trv 
of  Rev.  Levi  Bull. 
I  The  tir.-t  eulnnistsseem  to  have  been  mainly  farmers 
I  and  men  well  .^killed  in  the  mechanical  arts,  ami  the 
perfection  ol  their  workmanship  was  to  be  seen  in  llie 
I  few  old  hou.ses  built  by  them,  to  which,  in  skill  of 
I  execution,  none  are  equal  in  the  present  day.  They 
were  elaborate  in  their  carved  wainscoting  and  oaken 
paneling,  but  were  not  constructed  with  the  conveni- 
ence of  the  present  d;iy,  there  being  sometimes  hnilt 
great  masses  of  stone  wall,  perhaps  three  feet  thick, 
for  which  we  would  feel  no  necessity  nowadays. 
About  titty  years  ago  it  was  desired,  in  making  some 
alterations  in  the  Windsor  mansion,  to  take  down  a 
I  portion  of  a  wall,  but  so  strongly  had  it  been  built, 
and  hardened  had  the  mortar  become,  it  was  found 
impossible  to  accoinidish  the  task,  and  this  quality 
of  durability  characterizes  till  their  work  of  which 
there  are  any  remains. 

Iron-Works.— Among  the  original  colonists  was 
John  Jenkins,  wTio  had  settled  on  the  site  of  what 
afterwards  became  the  Windsor  place,  put  up  a  tem- 
porary building,  and  entered  into  contract  with  Jolin 
Thomas  and  William  I'eiin  for  the  purchase  of  four 
hunilred  acres  of  land,  Jan.  10,  1733.  This  was  sur- 
veyed by  order  of  government,  and  the  patent  about  lo 
be  taken  out,  which,  however,  for  some  reason  now 
unknown,  was  not  executed  at  that  time.  Nine  years 
tifter  Mr.  Jenkins  had  made  this  purchase  he  sold  it, 
with  what  improvements  he  had  made  on  it,  to  Mr. 
William  Branson,  of  Philadelphia,  who  took  out  the 
|)atent  Dec.  :i8,  1742,  and  erected  on  it  the  lower 
Windsor  Forge,  and  soon  after  it  tlie  mansion-house, 
after  the  English  style  of  building,  and  named  the 
place  Wind.sor,  after  the  King  of  England's  palace. 
In  connection  with  Mr.  Branson  were  associated  three 
Enghsh  gentlemen,  Lyntbrd  Lardner,  Esq.,  Samuel 
Flower,  and  Richard  Hockley,  Esqs.  Lynford  Lard- 
ner married  Elizabetli,adaughter  of  William  Branson, 
who  was  the  sou  of  Nathaniel  Branson,  who  lived  in 


i 


CAElliNAllVON   TOWNSHIP 


England.     Mr.  Branson's  dau-lUer  Rebecca  niarric.l 
Mr.  Samuel    Flower,  and   Hannah    niairicl   Richard 
Hockle.     Richard    Penu    niarric.l    the  si.Ur  of    .Mr. 
Lardner. 
Alter  sometime  Mr.  liransuii  sold  onl  his  interest 

thirty  years.     David   Jenkins  was   in   their  employ- 
ment iji  clerking  mo>t  of   that   time.     The   En-lish  j 
company  seem  to  have  been  very  worthy  njcn,  ol'  high 
breeding  and  cdiaracter,  wlio  kit  tluir  imprc--  (jn  the 
neighborhood. 

In  1773,  David  Jenkins  b.inght  tlie  hall-intcrcst  of 
the  company  for  the  sum  of  two  thousand  live  hun-  , 
(Ired  pounds,  and  when  the  mutterings  of  ilie  Kcvo-  ! 
lution  came  on  they  sold  out  the  remainder  to  him  lor 
the  sum   of  two   thousand    four   hundred   pounds,  in-   • 

premi^es. 

Rev.  Thomas   Barton  was   the  pastor   of   Bangor  , 
Church  at  the  time,  who  felt  his  oath  to  the  English  j 
government  to  be  binding,  and  therefore  reliminished  i 
the  charge,  and    I    think  it   probable  the  company 
found    circumstances    becoming    uncomforlalile    on 
account  of  English  associations. 

Mr.   Jenkins   carried    on    tlie    works   successfully, 
making  additions  to  them,  until  about  IMJU,  when  he 
was  succeeded  by  his  son,  Robert  Jenkins,  who,  dying 
in  184S,  it  descended  to  the  late  David  Jenkins,  by 
whose  death,  unnmrrieil,  in  1850,  the  [iroperty  was  di- 
vided among  the  various  heirs.    These  forges  had  been 
carried  on  by  charcoal,  and  the  increasing  scarcity  of  j 
wood  and  the  successful  introduction  of  coal  in  the  i 
manufacture  of  bar-iron  rendered  them  valueless,  and  j 
the  water-powers   are   now  dev(;ted    to    milling  ajid  | 
other  manufacturing  purposes.     It  will  be  seen  that  i 
the  establislimeiit  of  iron-works  drew  to  Caernarvon  I 
at  an  early  period  a  large  population  of  employes. 
The  workmen  of  the  forges  were  mostly  from  Wales,  ! 
although  there  were  also  other  nationalities,  but  the  j 
iron-works  of  Wales  supplied  the  skilled  operatives. 
For  those  having  families  houses  were  erected  on  the 
"  Bank,"   that  being    tiie   usual   designation   for    an 
iron-works  place.     These  people  became  childlike  in 
their  "  needs"  upon  the  "  big  house,"  as  the  proprie-  ■ 
tor's  was  called.     They  had  not  the  restless  spirit  of  j 
later   times,  and   families  grew  up,  the  second   and 
third  generation  often,  born  on  the  place. 

Forgemen   brought  up   their  sons  to  their   trade,  i 
they  to  be  succeeded  by  their  children   in   turn,  and  ( 
so  entirely  did  children  become   identiiied   with  the  ; 
place  and  such  upholders  of  their  supposed  rights  in  j 
it,  that  they  would  niaintaiu  them  with  a  wonderful  ] 
spirit  of  pugnacity  when  they  considered   them  in- 
fringed on.     A  generation  ago  there  was  an  instance 
in  a  celebrated  pugilist,  Tom  Hyer,  w  ho  inherited  his 
muscle  from   his  ancestors,  three   preceding  genera-  | 
tions  of  whom  having  been  hamntermen,  that  depart-  ; 
inent  requiring  great  strength  and  suppleness  of  nuis-  | 
cle  to  successfully  mani[>ulate  and  draw  out  the  bar  ; 
44 


roll  when  under  the  iiammer.  It  seems  as  if  his 
ily  may  have  been  of  (icrnian  origin,  as  the  first 
le  on  the  account-books  is  Lodowic,  of  the  next 
cratiion  Loiiis.     Tugilistic  ability  was  held  in  high 


)f  tl 


imcof  won.lcruil  iih>.iral  power  and  strength.  There 
had  settled  in  the  nci-hl.orliood  at  an  early  day  a 
man  by  the  name  ui  Herman  Dchavcn,  of  Huguenot 
ance.stry.  He  was  a  man  of  very  powerful  physique, 
and  the  blood  of  the  turbulent  times  of  his  ancestors 
seemed  to  tingle  in  his  vi'iii>,  and  wdien  these  two 
men  met  on  luiblic  occasions  their  encounters  were 
dreadful.     It  was  "  tireek  meeting  Greek." 

Among  the  employes  at  Windsor  while  carried  on 
by  the  English  company  were  two  brothers,  James 
and  William  Old,  who  carried  on  one  of  the  fires.  It 
is  suppo~cil  they  came  from  Wales.  James  must  have 
been  a  man  (d'  great  force  of  character  and  natural 
ability,  as  after  some  years  he  was  able  to  purchase 
the  property  lying  on  the  Conestoga  below  Windsor 
and  erect  on  it  a  forge,  giving  it  the  name  of  Pool 
Forge.  In  the  course  of  his  business,  tradition  says, 
he  engaged  in  wood-cutting  a  young  man  from  Ire- 
land, by  name  Robert  Coleman,  and  finding  in  him 
good  business  faculties  engaged  him  in  his  employ- 
ment. It  ended  in  his  marrying  his  daughter,  Ann 
Old.  Mrs.  Coleman  was  the  mother  of  the  young 
lady.  Miss  Anne  Coleman,  whose  engagement  of  mar- 
riage with  Mr.  Buchanan,  afterwards  President  of  the 
United  States,  resulted  so  disastrously  to  all  parties. 
Mr.  Cideman  alterwards  bought  a  large  interest  from 
the  Grubb  family  in  the  celebrated  Cornwall  iron-mine, 
and  made  an  immense  fortune  in  working  it,  so  that 
he  became  the  great  iron-nuister  of  Pennsylvania. 
To  his  honor  be  it  told  that,  although  his  place  of 
residence,  Cornwall,  was  so  far  from  Churchtown,  he 
never  failed,  his  life  huig,  to  send  yearly  a  generous 
subscription  to  Bangor  Church. 

Some  time  after  tlqs  there  came  fromChesterCounty 
a  young  man  by  the  name  of  Cyrus  Jacobs,  who  en- 
tered into  business  with  Mr.  Old,  married  his  daugii- 
ter,  Margaret  Old,  and  became  a  famous  and  success- 
ful iron-master.  He  built  and  carried  on  Spring 
Grove  W(,rks,  and  also  built  the  man.Mon.  Pool  Forge 
coining  into  his  possession  after  the  death  of  his 
brother-in-law,  Davies  Old,  he  carried  both  forges  on 
with  great  energy  and  succe.ss,  and  made  a  very  large 
fortune.  He  lyas  a  man  of  the  most  enlarged  capacity 
for  money-making.  It  was  a  usual  thing  to  say  that 
"everything  turned  to  gcdd  in  his  hands."  Some 
years  before  his  death  he  built  the  beautiful  mansion 
of  White  Hall,  to  the  north  of  Churchtown,  and  was 
living  there  at  the  time  of  his  death,  which  took 
place  instantaneously  wdiile  sitting  at  his  breakfast- 
table  and  reaching  for  an  egg.  Hee.X[)ired  in  the  act 
of  taking  it  in  his  liand. 

White  Hall  is  now  owned  and  occupied  by  Mr. 
Abram  Lincoln.  .Mr.  ,(acub,  had  a  family  of  twelve 
or  fourteen   children,   who    mostly  died   in  early  or 


090 


HISTOllY    OP   LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


middle  life.  His  desceiuhints  hud  not  the  quality  of 
saving,  as  he  had  of  acquiring,  mmiey,  and  the  splen- 
<lid  farms  he  willed  to  them— White  Hall,  Federal 
Hall,  Hampden,  Ashland,  Pool,  Spring  Grove,  and 
other  property — are  all  out  of  the  name  at  this  time. 
The  name  of  Old  is  extinct.  Davies  Old  left  two 
children,  wiio  died  unmarried, — James  Old,  who  died 
in  New  Orleans  in  the  employment  of  Benjamin  Mor- 
gan, the  "  merchant  prince"  of  New  Orleans,  and  Mi^s 
Harriet  Old,  who  died  in  Lancaster  a  few  years  since. 
Indians. — The  accounts  of  the  Indians  or  of  the 
colonists'  intercourse  with  them  in  colonial  times  are 
exceedingly  meagre.  It  is  known  there  was  a  settle- 
ment or  town  of  them  under  the  lirow  of  JIaxwell's 
Hill,  hetween  Churchtown  and  Morgantown,  which 
sloped  down  to  the  Couestoga.  The  place  afterwards 
became  part  of  the  farm  of  Jlr.  David  Jenkins,  and 
Indian  relics  were  sometimes  turned  up  there  in 
plowing.  It  is  known  they  lived  in  amity  with  the 
whites,  and  no  mistrust  between  them  existed.  I  re- 
member hearing  my  father,  Robert  Jenkins,  who  was 
born  in  17G7,  say  that  in  his  boyhood  he  used  to  enter 
into  sports,  such  as  hunting  and  fishing,  with  them. 
But  whether  they  emigrated  elsewhere  or  diedoffgrad- 
ually  no  one  seems  to  have  taken  note  of.  Some  years 
agooneofour  workmen,  in  quarrying  limestone, struck 
the  mattock  into  an  Indian  grave,  from  out  of  which 
rolled  a  skull  and  a  little  )iot  of  curious  and  elaborate 
workmanship;  an  antiquarian  expressed  his  opinion 
that  the  relic  was  prehistoric.  At  another  time  we 
found  in  a  solitary  place  on  the  edge  of  the  mountain 
a  large  stone,  on  which  was  rudely  cut  the  profile  and 
tomahawk  of  an  Indian,  and  underneath  "  Wynius' 
grave,"  evidently  done  by  a  friendly  white  man.  Most 
probably  "  Wymus"  was  the  "  last  of  the  ;\Iohegans." 
Slaves  in  Colonial  Times.— From  a  list  of  negroes 
taken  from  an  old  account-liook  at  Windsor  were  the 
names  of"  rhiladelpliia  Jim,"  "  Loniion  Boat-swain," 
"Black  Bill,"  "Cooba,""(Jua^li."  These  were  Guinea 
negro  slaves,  stnne  of  thcni  buiiu'ht  from  other  parlies, 
others  from  shipboard,  ulm  wcrr  iiuploycd  about  the 
forges  and  also  in  fanning' <'iHia:inii.i.  I  have  licard 
my  father  tell  anecdote^  lie  had  liiard  of  tlirir  i^imr 
ance  of  civilized  life,  such  a^  "  I'at  gra^^s  in  do  licl" 
when  salad  was  set  befori'  tluin.  The  lir.^t  gencralion 
of  these  negroes  got  thcii-  names  apparently  from  the 
accident  of  where  they  were  lirst  gotten,  or  from  their 
occupation,  thus,  "  Philadelphia  Jim,"  "Slave  Boat- 
swain," "Negro  Mig"  (Mingo),  or  they  were  pre- 
fixes indicating  their  employment;  but  the  succeed- 
ing generation  got  the  classic  names  of  Greece  or 
Rome.  In  my  early  childhood  I  remember  old  ne- 
groes bearing  the  names  of  "  Poinpey,"  "  Cicsar," 
"  Cato," 'and  "Scijjio."  No  doubt  the  taste  or  au- 
tliority  of  the  master  decided  the  name,  while  the 
females  who  presided  in  domestic  matters  got  the 
•names  immortalized  by  the-  English  poets  in  their 
addresses  to  their  mistresses,  such  as  "  Cloe,"  "  Phyl- 
lis,"  "  Priscilla,"   "  Clarissa,"  or   "  Diana,"  and   the 


visions  brought  up  of  one  of  these  names  in  that  day, 
instead  of  a  sylvan  beauty,  was  that  of  a  comfortahle 
old  negro  cook  or  a  stout  washerwoman. 

By  the  laws  of  Pennsylvania  there  was  gradual 
emancijiation.  The  children  of  these  slaves  served 
until  tl'ey  were  twenty-eight,  and  tlieirchildren  were 
born  free,  but  were  generally  b<mnd  in  the  families  to 
whom  their  parents  belonged  until  eighteen  or  twenty- 
one.  Every  family  of  any  size  had  at  least  two,  and 
the  routine  of  domestic  life  moved  along  much  more 
smoothly  than  at  the  present  time.  These  slaves,  as  a 
class,  were  a  people  of  extremely  courteous  manners, 
and  many  anecdotes  could  be  told  of  their  pride  uf 
station  in  the  families  to  whom  they  belonged.' 

The  Bangor  School-House. — The  village  school 
was  under  the  auspices  of  the  Bangor  Church,  the 
church-wardens  being  trustees  of  it.  They  first  put 
up  a  log  school-house,  and  afterwards  erected  a  large 
and  substantial  stone  building.  It  was  located  in  the 
centre  of  the  village,  and  divided  from  the  ground  of 
Bangor  Church  by  a  little  street  running  north.  The 
school-house  was  set  about  the  depth  of  a  lot  hack 
from  the  m.iin  .-.treet.  This  side  street  seemed  to  have 
been  opened  for  the  sake  of  access  to  a  fine  spring  of 
water  which  flowed  in  that  neighborhood,  and  was 
convenient  to  the  school. 

About  sixty  or,  perhaps,  seventy  years  ago  Mr. 
Jacobs  purchased  the  house  now  in  the  occupancy  of 
Jlr.  Coxe,  and  determined  he  would  make  a  hotel  of 
it.  Objection  was  made  by  the  inhabitants,  as  there 
was  a  large  and  good  hotel  at  the  eastern  end  of  the 
village,  which  was  considered  su(ficient  for  the  needs 
of  the  place,  and  when  5Ir.  Jacobs  gave  out  that  he 
wanted  the  scliool-house  and  its  property  for  the  use 
of  the  hotel,  his  offer  for  it  was  indignantly  refused. 
But  he  had  determined  he  would-have  it,  and  at  onco 
began  to  build  on  his  lot,  adjoining  the  school-house, 
a  large  barn  and  stabling  for  horses,  so  close  that  the 
wall  alniltcd  onihe  eastern  wall  of  the  school-house, 
and  Ihc  will. lows  ha.l  to  be  taken  «iit  to  be  filled  in 
with   -stone  and   mortar;    the  school,  of  course,  had 


buildi 


ng  was   going  on. 


and  when  opened  again  it  was  found  the  light  had 
been  d.'strovcd,  nor  could  the  lives  of  children  be 
endangered  hy  their  ])nixiiiiity  to  horses,  and,  worse, 
their  iiioialh,  iVoni  the  loose  class  of  men  who  are 
apt  to  hang  around  tavern-stables.  The  village  felt 
a  great  wrong  had  been  jmt  upon  it,  the  more  so,  as 
the  school-house  had  been  used  by  the  Methodist 
Church  as  a  |)lace  for  holding  worship,  and  Mr. 
Jacobs  found  he  must  make  some  amends.  This 
property  of  Pool  extended  up  to  the  extreme  western 


I  Asa 


of  Iho 


uf  "Qu 


One  ilay  "  Quiisli"  uiot  tlia  liev.  Levi  Hull,  of  whose  church  lie  wiu  n 
member,  who  said  to  him,  "  Well,  ijinish.  how  d'ye  doi"  "  Very  bud, 
miiblei-,  wid  de  rh<-iinnttiz."  "  Ah,  I'm  sorry  lo  hejir  you  fire  suffering, 
Qtiush."     "  I  iiiUH  look  fur  it,  iiuisler,  iu  my  old  days,  for  de  ilinumatli 


CAERNARVON   TOWNSHIP. 


ll-l 

nu^ie  to 

tlie  ii-^e 

rill 

^  tlie  u 

e of  the 

utl 

ft  i\,v  h 

s  hotel. 

;■<], 

a   the  , 

ro].erty 

.Mr 


limit  of  Churclitown,  where  a  road  led  down  to  the 
lower  Windsor  Forge.  From  tliis  he  cut  off  a  depth 
of  lots  for  building  jjurposes  fronting  the  great  road, 
and  below  them,  facing  tlie  road  that  ran  to  Windsor 
Forge,  laid  off  a  small  plot  of  ground  on  uliiili  he 
built  a  school-house  similar  to  the  one  lie  had  spoiled, 
and  appropriated  the  Bangor  s 
of  his  hotel  as  a  granary,  thus 
church  and  school  iiro|icrty  as 
Whether  the  trustees  of  I5aiig( 
to  him  I  do  not  know,  or  on 
holds  it. 

Physicians. — The  earliest  knowledge  I  have  of 
physicians  in  Caernarvon  was  of  Dr.  Kilward  Hand, 
son  of  Gen.  Hand,  of  Revolutionary  fame.  He  was 
said  to  be  a  young  man  of  more  than  ordinary  attain- 
ments. In  the  early  part  of  the  present  century  Dr. 
John  McCamant  became  the  physician  of  Caernarvon. 
He  was  a  man  of  skill  and  success  in  his  profession, 
but  towards  the  latter  part  of  liia  life  turned  Ins  at- 
tention a  good  deal  to  politics;  served  in  the  State 
Senate;  removed  to  Pottsville  late  in  life,  where  lie 
died.  Two  of  his  sons  now  serve  in  official  capacity 
in  the  State  service. 

Of  the  families  of  the  early  incomers  whose  names 
are  on  the  list  of  those  who  contributed  to  the  eslali- 
lishnient  of  the  Episcopal  Church,  I  can  hardly  give 
any  history.  The  Davies  family  had  a  representa- 
tive in  late  years  in  Edward  Davies,  Esq.,  who  re- 
sided in  Churclitown  and  was  a  man  of  much  in- 
fluence. He  was  engaged  in  mercantile  life,  but 
represented  our  county  in  Congress,  and  was  a  prin- 
cipal supporter  of  the  Episcop;il  <'hiHi-li.  He  lel't  a 
family,  most  of  them  decea-ied,  <i\ir  i^  mnv  the  wife 
of  Judge  Strong. 

Many  of  the  sons  of  other  old  families,  when  grofrn, 
attracted  by  the  visions  of  wealth  to  be  made  in  the 
great  West,  migrated,  and  are  scattered  here  and  there 
throughout  the  extent  of  it.  Sometimes  the  old 
Welsh  name  turns  up  in  some  aspirant  to  political 
honors  or  in  some  high  professional  career.  When 
the  report  of  the  gold  louiul  in  Mr.  Sutor's  mill-race 
struck  the  ear  of  the  North,  California  got  its  propor- 
tion of  seekers  after  it  from  Caernarvon.  l"ew  to  bring 
hack  the  shining  dust,  and  soims  ala^,  to  close  their 
lives  in  a  miner's  desolate  hut,  while  the  la-t  vi.Mon 
of  the  glazing  eye,  most  probably,  was  some  home- 
scene  of  their  dear  old  native  Caernarvon. 

The  fine  farms  of  Caernarvon  settlement  have  for 
many  years  been  gradually  passing  into  the  hands  of 
Germans.  Of  the  settlers  whose  farms  lay  on  the 
northern  bank  of  the  Conestoga,  running  from  Wind- 
sor to  Morgantown,  with  one  exception  all  are  owned 
by  Germans.  The  'Nicholas  Huttson  farm,  above 
Windsor,  is  .low  <iwiK'd  by  a  (.ierman,  so  also  is  the 
Beach  Spring,  formerly  owned  by  Robert  Jenkins. 
The  George  Jenkins  mill  property  is  now  Wertzler's 
mill.  The  John  Jentins  properly  is  now  occupied 
bv  Martin    Bickam  and  owned  bv  Count   Dn|)oia,  of 


Paris,  France.  The  David  Jenkins  farm  was  sold  to 
Peter  Carpenter  (Zimmerman),  and  the  Joseph  Jen- 
kins place  to Caufman.  .  Joseph  Jenkins'  family 

\vere«intennarried  with  tlie  Morgans,  of  Morgantown, 
his  wife  being  a  Morgan   and  his  daughter,  Rachel, 
marrying    Francis    Morgan.     This   farm  approached 
the  borders  of  ilorgantown. 
!      Caernarvon  Presbyterian  Church.— As  the  Jen- 
kins family,  u  ho  owned  Windsor,  were  Presbyterians, 
i  and  desired  a  jilace  for  worship  and  the  burial  of  their 
dead,  they,  with  the  descendants  of  Rlr.  David  Jeii- 
I  kins  living  in  Churclitown,  laid  otf  a  site  for  the  pur- 
pose, this  was  on  ii  portion  of  land  of  the  Windsor 
estate  lying  at  the  eastern   end  of  the  village.     On 
this  was  erected,  by  the  help  of  others,  a  neat  house 
of  worship,  situated  in  the  centre  of  the  graveyard, 
!  which  was   planted  with  evergreens  and  shrubbery. 
[  Here  repose  the  remains  of  the  deceased  of  the  family 
of  the  last  century. 

The  Methodists.— In  the  beginning  of  the  cen- 
tury, wlien  Methodism  became  a  power  in  the  land, 
j  with  its  system  of  itinerant  ministry  reaching  to 
every  family  with  its  earnest  zeal,  most  of  the  jjeople 
'  fell  aw.iy  Iruiu  the  Episcopal  and  joined  the  iletho- 
dist  Church,-  notably  so  the  large  and  influential 
family  of  the  Ev.iiis. 

The  Jlethodists  of  the  early  times  of  their  church, 
being  served  by  the  itinerating  system,  held  circuit 
stations  for  worship  in  private  houses,  and  for  several 
I  years  service  was  held  at  the  house  of  James  Nott,  one 
of  the  principal  forge-men  of  Windsor  place,  and  Mrs. 
!  Jenkins  always  opened  her  house  to  the  entertain- 
ment of  the  clergy.    In  this  way  came  to  be  their  guest 
the   Rev.   John    Summcrfield,  a   very  distinguished 
English    Methodist    clergyman,  who  was    making  a 
j  tour  of  America.     Wherever  he  prCached  thousands 
I  hung  enraptureil  on  his  eloiiuence  ;  and  so  pleasant 
j  an  impression  did  he  make  in  his  private  intercourse 
I  with  the  family  tluit  the  remark  was  made  that  his 
j  eloquence  was  not  excelled  by  the  graces  of  his  high 
j  social  culture.     Mr.  .lenkins  always  gave  great  en- 
couragement t(]  the  .Meiliodist  Church  on  his  place, 
and  some  of  the  uorkiiieii  were  among  the  best  and 
most  influential  members  of  the  church.     He  some- 
times gave  them  the  privilege  of  holding  camp-meet- 
j  ing  on  his  timber-land  on  the  Welsh  Mountain. 
j       After  some  years  a  church  was  built,  and  a  few 
years  ago,  tliis  not  meeting  their  wants,  a  location  was 
j  selected  on  the  southern  side  of  the  village,  the  site 
I  once  a  part  of  the  Windsor  estate,  on  which  a  beau- 
'  tiful  house  of  worship  has  been  erected.   Standing  at 
!  the  church-door  the  lovely  landscape  that  greets  the 
j  eye  is  not  often  looked  upon.     A  well-located  ceme- 
'  tery  lies  On  the  northern  side  of  the  street,  opposite 
the  church.     The  congregation  now  have  the  minis- 
trations of  a  clergyman  resident  among  them. 
I       Schools.— .\s  nothing  but  the  elementary  branches 
I  were  taught  in  the  vilhiiie  school,  there  at  length  was 


,,r  higl 


and 


librt  made 


692 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER    COUNTY. 


to  supply  it.  An  academy  was  built  in  1854,  on  the 
ground  belonging  to  the  Caernarvon  Presbyterian 
Churcli.  James  E.  Giffin  was  the  first  principal.  lie 
was  succeeded  by  Thomas  11.  ReirMiyder,  liy  whimi  it 
was  conducted  till  1872,  wlicn  il  w:.-  .liM-..iiiniiir.l ; 
the  house  for  several  years  was  untpccupicd  and  was 
rapidly  going  to  ruin  when  the  township  school 
directors  took  the  matter  in  hands  and  oll'crcd  to  take 
the  building,  restore  it,  and  take  a  lease  of  ninety- 
nine  years,  paying  annually  a  certain  huni  to  the 
Caernarvon  Presbyterian  Cliurch,  and  it  is  now  used 
as  a  school-house  for  the  district. 

Bangor  Church  from  being  a  large  and  influential 
congregation  has  dwindled  down  to  mere  e.xisteiice. 
Some  years  ago  great  consternation  was  awakened  liy 
its  being  found  tliat  the  lease  <if  ninety-nine  years 
had  e.K[)ired,  and  some  people  made  liard  threats 
against  their  property  in  case  they  should  be  obliged 
to  give  it  up  to  the  church,  but  the  alarm  died  away. 
The  breaking  up  ami  removal  of  the  Davies  and 
Jacobs  families  have  left  none  to  take  their  place. 
By  the  strenuous  e.xertions  of  some  parties  the  old 
building  has  been  removed,  but  it  may  be  as  truly  as 
painfully  said,  "  Ichabod"  is  written  on  Bangor 
Clu.rch.' 

The  Old  Graveyard.— The  old  graveyard,  "God's 
acre,"  has  fullilled  its  |)Urpose.  How  thickly  crowded 
lie  its  slee|)ers  in  their  narrow  homes!  What  mem- 
ories arise  before  us  I  Who  can  forget  the  image  of 
that  inan  of  God,  the  Rev.  Levi  Bull,  as  witli  face 
upturned  to  heaven,  and  every  feature  beaming  with 
the  inspiration  of  Christian  faith  and  hope,  with 
majestic  step,  led  the  w;\y  to  the  open  grave,  repeat- 
ing as  he  wrnt,  "  I  am  the  resurrecli.m  and  the  hie, 
saith  tlie  Lord,  he  that  belie\elh  in  nii-  lliough  he 
were  dead  yet  shall  lie  live."  "  1  know  that  njv 
Redeemer  liveth,  and  that  in  my  tle^li  aliall  I  ,-.  l- 
God !" 

But  a  history  of  l?angor  and  its  old  graveyard 
would  not  be  comjilele  without  some  mention  of  its 
old  se.xton,  "  Black  Fred."  According  to  the  ehureh 
record  the  sexton's  salary  was  to  be  jiaid  out  of  the 
contributions  to  the  penny  bo.\,  wdiich,  I  think,  were 
rather  slim  ;  but  I  think  they  must  have  come  under 
a  more  definite  arrangement,  as  the  record  says  else- 
where the  sexton  was  to  get  "  .£1  ten  shillings  yearly 
for  the  services  required,"  and  as  a  perquisite  of  office 
was  to  get  "  seven  sliillings  and  six  pence  for  breaking 
ground  for  a  grave  for  all  i)erson3  over  ten  years  of 
age,  and  five  shillings  for  each  grave  under  ten  years," 
with  the  condition  that  lie  must  keep  them  in  good 
order.  But  Fred  could  not  have  earned  the  molasses 
for  his  bread  in  digging  graves,  for  the  country  was 
liealtliy,  and  the  pcr(|nisites  must  have  been  few  and 
far  between.  But  year  in  and  year  out,  through  win- 
ter's storms  and  summer's  heat,  Fred  was  always 
found  punctual  in  his  office,  and  as  the  Sahhalh 
mornings  opened,  the  sound  of  the  "church-going 
bell"  would  be  heard  sending  its  sweet  melody  over 


beaut 
in tain 


iliC 


mdscape,  reverberated  by  the  Welsh 
the  Forest  Hills,  and  soon  through 
■i,  from  the  forges  and  the  highway, 
peoide  wending  their  way  to  church. 
liiise  old  limes  a  carriage  was  the  exception  to 
ihual  moile  of  conveyance,  and  when  at  too  great 
stance  to  walk,  a  horse  carrying  double  wna  a 
1  sight;  generally  a  woman  occupied  the  saddle, 
a  girl  or  boy  behind  on  a  pillion,  and  Fred  was 
ready  at  the  liorse-bloek  to  help  the  women  otf 
hitch' the  horse   in   the  little  w.jod  adjacent  the 


i   a   son    of    Lunnon,   who    was   a  native 
id   was   a   thorough    type   of  his   naliim; 

head,  exubcianl  in  his  deference  to  the  "powers  that 
be,"  but  he  had  a  very  positive  manner  to  tho.se  ho 
thought  h'U  Ill-low  that  order,  which  was  very  apt  to 
be  demon.sl rated  towards  any  poor  white  who  inno- 
cently took  a  .seat  which  Fred  tliil  not  think  com- 
ported with  his  station.  The  arrangement  for  ring- 
ing the  bell  in  Bangor  was  primitive.  A  stout  ropo 
was  attached  to  the  bell  In  the  belfry,  it  was  then 
(lassed  through  a  small  hole  pierced  through  the  Ikior 
of  the  gallery  and  hung  ilangling  down  into  the  body 
of  the  church.  Punctual  to  the  hour  of  convening, 
Fred  would  lake  Indd  id'  the  rope  and,  swaying  up 
and  down,  wmiM  ring  the  bell.  To  a  stranger  the 
sight  must  iia\r  lionleied  on  the  liurles(|ue,  but  haliit 
iiiaik-  it  laiiiili.ir,  and  we  saw  nothing  ludicrous  about 

il  ;    null  Its  la=t  toll,  good  krv.  .Mr.  C would  walk 

1,1  will,  a  v.-ry  conscious  a.r  of  the  dignity  of  eccle- 
siastical aiilhontv,  and  service  would  begin.  Fred 
always   sialioncl   liiniM-lt  in    llir   main   aisle  and  was 

hi'  if  an  uiiliinnnate  cur  would  venture  to  track  Ids 
iiM-lri  into  (  hurch,  Fred  would  stop  in  the  midst  of 
a  re>poniu  to  give  him  a  most  unmerciful  thwack, 
which  would  send-  him  out  yelping,  and  it  was  won- 
derful how  wise  and  well-behaved  children  and  dogs 
became  under  Fred's  vigilant  eye. 

Poor  old  Fred  !  how  inseparably  Bangor  Church 
and  you  are  associated  in  my  mind's  eye  !  Why  were 
your  bones  not  laid  in  the  shadow  of  the  church  you 
loved  so  much  and  served  so  long  and  faithfully? 
But  they  rest  among  your  brethren  in  a  solitary  spot 
on  the  Welsh  Mountain.  How  reverently  now  I 
would  stand  at  your  grave.  What  if,  in  my  child 
vision,  I  did  think  you  looked  like  what  Darwin  or 
Huxley  would  have  called  a  "link"  as  you  stood 
jangling  that  bell-rope,  you  were  in  the  earnest  ful- 
fillment of  duty,  and  what  greater  motive  to  com- 
mand reverence?  May  we  all  be  as  worthy  of  the 
plaudit;  "Well  done,  good  and  laiihfnl  servant,"  as 
you.  The  profound  silence  ot  your  mountain  resting- 
place  is  broken  only  by  the  bark  of  the  squirrel  or 
the  wliirr  of  the  pheasant,  and  the  mountain  arbutus 
opens,  its  sweet  fragrant  buils  on  your  grave.     Peace 


CAERNARVON   TOWNSHIP. 


It  lias  been  said,  "  No  place  but  has  its  cl 
and  Ciieriiarvoii  had  hers  in  the  [iLTson  of  ; 


About  the  year  178.S  there  first  appears  on  the  liaii- 
gor  Ciiureh  record,  in  a  cramped,  foreign,  and  almost 
illegible  cliirography,  the  name  of  Yacob  Northanier, 
afterwards  corrupted  to  Nothanimer.  The  man  who 
bore  this  name  was  a  (ierman,  a  tailor  by  trade,  wlio, 
with  a  wife  and  family,  settled  in  a  solitary  sput  mi 
the  Welsli  Mountaiii.  Although  perfectly  harmless 
in  their  deportment  to  those  with  whom  tliey  came 
into  communication,  all  their  habits  of  life  were  so 
different  from  those  of  the  surrounding  eomnuuiity 
that  it  threw  an  air  of  mystery  about  them,  and  at 
last  there  got  to  be  a  sus])icioii  that  tliey  had  deal- 
ings with  the  evil  one.  Of  course,  the  idea  was  „nly 
entertained  by  the  ignorant  and  superstiuous ;  wliat 
it  first  arose  from  I  have  never  been  aok-  in  lind  nut, 
probably  it  was  from  his  superior  intelligence  to  the 
people  of  his  class.  Being  a  close  observer  of  nature, 
he  would  foretell  changes  in  the  weatlier,  etc.  What 
now  would  be  attributed  to  scientific  observation  was 
then  set  down  to  his  communion  with  internal  powers. 
I  rather  think,  too,  that  a  peculiarly  unfortunate  per- 
sonal appearance  liad  something  to  do  with  it.  He 
had  a  large  iuunp  on  his  back,  and  as  he  sat  from 
year  to  year  on  his  tailor-board,  it  grew  larger  and 
larger  until  his  shrunken  body  seemed  to  go  all  up 
into  the  protuberance.  Then  his  little  wizen  f.i.  i 
was  a  mass  of  wrinkles,  from  which  looked  out  small 
gray  eyes  of  a  peculiar  expression.  In  walking;  he 
always  used  a  great  liickory  stall',  with  which  he  g<,-- 
ticulated  to  give  force  to  his  broken  language.  .\l- 
together  tliere  was  such  a  weird  look  about  him,  to 
which  was  added  great  brusijueness  nl'  manner,  that 
superstitious  people  became  Mire  that  he  was  a  very 
agent  of  ".\uld  Clutie,"  and,  of  course,  children  soon 
got  the  idea  fi.'ied  in  theirminds.  I  never  heard  of  any 
positive  accusation  that  he  lamed  cattle,  or  blighted 
a  farmer's  crop,  or  threw  "witch-balls"  at  cows,  or 
that  children  threw  up  pins  and  needles  after  being 
in  his  sIukIow, — all  was  vague;  neither  was  it  charged 
that  he  fre(piented  "  Boggy  Hollow,"  a  much  traduced 
bit  of  timber  land,  lying  in  a  low  place  about  a  half- 
mile  beyond  the  village,  through  which  the  great 
road  ran,  and  in  which  jjeople  who  stayed  until 
twelve  o'clock  at  night  at  the  village  tavern,  asserted 
"  they  saw  witclies  dancing  around  a  boiling  caldron, 
horses  galloping  on  the  tops  of  trees,  and  headless 
men  walking  by  their  sides,"  as  they  were  making 
their  way  home,  yet  ])oor  (dd  Yacoli,  it  was  confi- 
dently asserted,  was  a  wizard.  Wcik  iHiitluTs  Iri-lit- 
ened  their  children  into  submission  by  threatening 
"Old  .Voihamiiier,"  and  I  suppose  no  children  of 
Salem  ev.r  Ih'd  with  greater  speed  from  the  unfor- 
tunate (ieorge  Jacobs  than  did  the  children  of  our 
village  from  the  sight  of  aid  Yacob  and  his  stalf 
His  first  approacll  on  the  mail  was   the   signal  loi   us 


w.as  thought  proper  to  teach  children  good  manners, 
we  were  required  to  stop  and  drop  a  courte.sy,  and 
wish  "good-day"  to  the  passer-by,  but  old  Yacob 
iiejer  got  that  attention  ;  from  sight  of  him  we  would 
rty  as  nimbly  as  a  Hock  of  our  mountain  partridges, 
hiding'bebind  the  old  churchyard  wall  and  the  poke- 
berry  buslies  that  grew  so  luxuriantly  along  its  sides, 
until  he  was  out  of  sight. 

Once,  I  remember,  he  happened  in  our  home,  and 
notwithstanding  our  mollier's  remonstrance  that  "  he 
was  an  innocent  old  man,"  w^e  lost  no  time  in  making 
our  way  up-stairs  to  crawl  under  the  nursery  bed, 
and  found  ourselves  in  the  plight  of  being  wedged 
under  a  trundle  in  the  hope  of  getting  as  far  off  as 
possible  iVoiii  his  mysterious  power.  I  have  no  doubt, 
had  he  lived  a  century  earlier,  he  would  have  met 
with  the  same  cruel  fate  as  did  the  unfortunate  Salem 
George  Jacobs  ;  but,  after  living  to  an  old  age,  Yacob 
took  sick  and  died,  and  when  people  found  that  his 
body  was  not  carried  otf  by  the  devil  they  went  to 
his  funeral,  ate  the  "  burying  cake,"  and  drank  the 
wine,  followed  his  poor  old  body  to  the  grave,  and 
saw  it  laid  in  the  consecrated  ground  of  old  Bangor 
Church,  wdiere  he  had,  no  doubt,  worshiped  in  earn- 
estness and  truth. 

The  Germans. — As  I  have  said,  the  Germans  have 
suc.'ceded  the  old  Welsh  settlers.  They  are  mostly 
Mcnnonites,  and  stjstain  a  church  in  the  village.  To- 
ha.io  is  now  the  great  product,  but  I  hope,  under 
their  sphiidhl  farming,  the  time  will  again  come 
when  our  l.r..iiiifal  valley  will  he  "covered  over  with 
corn,"  and  the  shocks  of  wheat  will  stand  so  thickly 
on  the  harvest  lield  that  a  wagon  can  hardly  drive 
between,   as  was  said   in   old   time    of  some    portion 


The  schools  of  Caernarvon  townshi[)  prior  to  183-1 
were  IiLl-  those  id"  other  townships,  and  spoken  of 
I'IsLU  Ik'ic.  Upon  the  passage  of  the  school  law  in 
that  year  ellorts  were  made  to  carry  its  requirements 
into  elfec  t,  and  in  that  year  twelve  townships  of  Lan- 
caster County  accepted  the  provisions  and  proceeded 
to  organize  under  the  system.  Caernarvon  was  one 
of  this  number.  It  then  cotitained  four  hundred  and 
eighty-nine  i)ersons  who  were  liable  to  ta.xation  for 
school  purposes.  The  township  was  divi  led  into 
seven  districts,  in  several  of  which  school-houses 
were  at  once  erected.  The  rejiort  of  the  State  super- 
intendent of  schools  in  the  year  1837  shows  that  at 
that  time  there  were  seven  school-houses,  in  which 
there  were  seven  teachers  emidoyed  and  four  hun- 
drcil  and  twenty  pupils  in  attendance.  The  amount 
of  tax  levied  for  school  purposes  was  $0(16.18.  The 
portion  of  the  State  appropriation  that  was  allowed 
to  this  township  was  i:71iiAh).  The  total  receipts 
from  all  sources  for  school  jiurposes  were  .'?218(i.!)L!, 
and  the  total  expenditures  §1988.52,  of  which  last 
^Ml  uas  expended  for  the  erection  of  school-houses 
in  the  year  183(j.     At  tlie  present  time  there  are  leu 


HISTORY   OP   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


school  districts,  contiiiiiing  four  hundred  and  nine- 
teen pupils  (one  less  than  in  1837).  The  cost  of 
maintaining  these  schools  ibr  1882  was  84911.08. 

In  the  year  1739  the  county  of  Lancaster  was  di- 
vided into  eight  judicial  districts,  and  the  township 
of  Caernarvon,  with  Uobinson  and  Cocalico,  were 
made  into  the  seveutli  district.  No  account  of  who 
the  justices  were  prior  to  1777  has  been  obtained. 
At  that  time  the  district  which  embraced  Caernarvon 
and  Brecknock  townships  was  designated  as  District 
No.  5.  A  list  of  the  names  of  the  justices  wlio 
jurisdiction  over  this  territory  from  1777  to  1840  will 
be  found  in  the  civil  list  of  the  county  in  the  general 
history.  By  the  Constitution  of  1839  the  township 
became  a  separate  district,  and  the  names  of 
justices  from  that  time  to  the  present  are  here  gi 


BIOGR.VrillC.VL    SKETCHES. 


April  14,  1840.   Huiir.v  HolTui.ur 

Williiini  Hour. 
April  l:l,  1841.   Lot  llogcra. 
April  12,  1M_'.  JariifsMcCm. 
April  16,  1S4D.  C'linrlea  KobiM3on. 
April  10,  1849.  Hansom  U.  J,icobfl. 
April  15,  18o-.i.  Jnmt'y  BlcCnu. 
April  11,  ls.'>4.  Ilimsonr  H.  Jacobs. 
April  14, 1857.  John  E.  Viilentine. 
April  19,  1839.  JiiliitB  McCnn. 
June  22,  1861.  David  II.   SenBuli- 


EobL-rt  M.  Astc 


:.t  R0{ 
[itOIl, 


The  village  of  Churchtown  liesgu  the  51  organ t 
turnpike,  nearly  central  in  the  township.     The  e 
liistory  of   the   village   is   given    in    the   precei 
sketch  by  Jlrs.  Nevin.     It  at  present  contains  a  | 
Illation  of  about   three  hundred.     There  are   thii 
churches  (Episcopalian,  Presbyterian, and  Jlethodist 
two  hotels,  two  general   stores,   post-otiice,  and  tw 
practicing  physicians.     The    postmasters 
have  been  Lot  Rogers,  George  Comptoii, 
George  Compton,  and   Mrs.  Jane   K.   Ct 
present  incumbent. 

The  history  of  the  churches  will  be  found  mostly 
in  Mrs.  Nevin's  sketch.  In  1877  the  Methodists 
erected  a  large  and  commodious  edifice.  The  pastors 
since  18()6  have  been  the  Revs.  J.  S.  Lame,  J.  Dyson, 
B.  T.  Spring,  A.  L.  Wilson,  J.  E.  Devine,  S.  W. 
Smith,  and  the  Mr.  Cookman  who  is  at  present  in 
charge. 

Beartown  lies  in  the  southwest  corner  of  the  town- 
ship. It  is  a  small  hamlet  containing  a  hotel  and  a 
post-oflice.  The  meeting-house  of  the  Evangelical 
Association  is  a  short  distance  from  the  village.  The 
church  edifice  is  about  forty  by  si.\ty  feet,  built  of 
stone.  The  congregation  is  large  and  nourishing. 
The  Rev.  Mr.  Grouse  is  in  charge. 

The  Amish.of  whom  there  is  a  congregation  in  this 
township,  have  ii  meetii.g-house  near  the  east  line  of 
the  to\vn.shi|i.  The  congregation  is  of  the  two  Caer- 
narvoiis,  of  Lancaster  and  Berks  Counties. 


Mor 

e  th: 

n  a  h 

Hid  red  vears 

ago,  .To 

in  Ad  an 

St^ 

er 

a  Gen 

lan 

•outh 

left   hisnati 

ve  land 

to  seek 

I  ho 

ne 

in   the 
were  1 

New  W, 
is  in  the  f 

rid.     Health 
lUest  degree 

energy 
but  in 

,  and  a 
worldly 

ibil 

on 

sions  1 

e  wa 

s   poo 

r,— so   ](Oor, 

ndeed, 

hat  to 

lay 

his 

^/^ut. 


passage  across  the  sea  he  "sold  himself,"  as  was  the 
cnstmii  among  many  of  the  hardy  emigrants  in 
those  days.  Upon  his  arrival  he  was  taken  by  his 
purchaser,  one  Rhine,  to  Mill  Creek,  in  Lancaster 
County,  and  at  Rhine's  mill  worked  until  his  labors 
sufficed  to  discharge  the  debt  of  his  passage-money. 
After  that  he  pursued  his  trade  as  miller  at  various 
places,  became  eventually  a  farmer  of  some  promi- 
nence in  Caernarvon  township,  and  died  on  his  farm 
near  Churchtown.  His  wife  was  Catherine  Miller. 
His  son,  Frederick,  fiirmed  the  present  Isaac  Evans 
farm  for  many  years,  and  in  1825  purchased  the  farm 
now  owned  by  David  Styer,  his  grandson. 

In  that  year  Frederick  Styer  built  the  mansion  on 
the  place  last  named,  and  in  1827  removed  perma- 
nently to  the  farm.  He  married  Elizabeth  Weilcr, 
and  died  upon  the  home.Icad  in  18:52.  His  widow 
died  in  New  Holland,  July  4,  18G7.  They  had  two 
sons,  John  and  David,  both  now  deceased.  David 
Styer  was  born  U|ion  the  Evans  farm,  Sept.  12,  1807, 
and  during  his  whole  life  followed  the  peaceful  pur- 


CAERNARVON   TOWNSHIP, 


suits  of  the  luisbandinan.     Tliat  business  of  his  life 
he  made,  moreover,  a  profitable  and  enduring  suc- 
cess, and,  as  a  recompense  for  his  capable  and  skillful  i 
conduct  thereof,  he  won  an  ample  competence.     He 
was  enterprising  in  liis  methods,  watclifiil  and  un- 
tiring  in   his  labors,   quick   to  adopt   the  advanced 
ideas  of  the  day,  and  put  into  practical  use  such  as 
promised  the  material  development  of  his  own  indus- 
try.   He  speedily  won  recognition  as  a  spirited  citi/m 
endowed  with  comprehensive  judgment,  atid  an  t  iin 
est  advocate  of  all  matters  tending  to  the  promotion 
of  tlie  publicgood.    He  was  frequently  called  to  serve 
Lis  township  in  positions  of  trust,  and  won  an  euMa    i 
ble  record  for  the  faithful  and  zealous  discharge  ot 
his  duties.    He  was  chosen  a  county  commissioner  in 
1849,  and  was  president  of  the  board  of  commissioneis  I 
under  whose  direction   the  present  court-house  «  is  ' 
constructed.     He  was  active  and  alert  in  the  arduous 
labors  attendant  upon  that  enterprise,  and  recLiM.d 
liberal  and  warm  approbation  for  the  important  -.ti 
vices  he  rendered  the  county  in  that  connection      It 
has  long  stood,  and  will  long  stand,  as  a  moniunent 
to  his  memory.     He  served  also  during  one  teim    i^ 
county  poor  director,  and  as  assistant  revenue    isse^ 
sor  of  the  Ninth  District.     In  church  work  he  w  is 
an  ardent  worker,  and  in  the  cause  of  public  educ  i    | 
tion  he  gave  freely  of  his  means,  time,  and  energies 
From   his  boyhood  he  was  a  valued  member  ot  the  i 
Lutheran  Church,  and  for  years  was  deacon,  trustee 
and  treasurer  of  the  Centre  Church.   He  was  married  I 
Dec.  6,  1832,  to  Fannie,  daughter  of  John  «hirk,  of 
Lancaster   County.     Mr.  Styer    died   July   4,    1S82.  ] 
His  widow  survives  him.      Of  their  seven  children  j 
four  art-  living,  to  wit,  John   A.,  Mary  A.,  William, 
and  Da\id. 


cordwood  on  the  mountain,  his  wages  aggregating 
two  shillings  a  cord.  At  the  age  of  fifteen  he  engaged 
as  a  farm  harnl  in  his  home  neighborhood,  and  after 
laboring  thus  three  years  he  was  apprenticed  to 
Wilsdn  Hamilton,  of  Morgantown,  to  learn  the  trade 
of  a  wheelwright.  After  completing  his  ajiprentice- 
sliip  in  1831,  he  continued  to  work  for  ]\Ir.  Hamilton, 
and    remained   with    him    until    1837.     The   ensuing 


^:'  '-^^^^^''^c^. 


r    '-.  .    '    .*  t  ' 


EDWARD    D.  WHITK. 

Among  the  living  representative  men  of  his  section 
Edward  D.  White,  of  Cliurchtown,  Caernarvon  town- 
ship, stands  in  a  conspicuous  place.  He  was  burn  in 
Caernarvon,  Jan.  30,  1810,  upon  the  farm  now  owned 
by  Robert  Yocuni.  His  father,  John  White,  was  a 
native  of  Berks  County.  Upon  his  maternal  side  he 
is  descended  from  the  old  German  family  of  De  Ha- 
ven, the  progenitor  of  which  in  Pennsylvania  caniu 
to  the  State  from  the  kingdom  of  Hanover  at  a  very 
early  day.  Of  John  White's  eight  children  but  luur 
are  living,— Edward  D.,  of  Cliurchtown  ;  Mrs.  Kli/,.i 
beth  Pierce,  of  Berks  County;  Dr.  John  White,  .i 
prominent  dentist  of  Philadelphia;  and  .^Irs.  Harrici 
Baldwin,  of  Salisbury  township,  Lancaster  Co. 

Edward  White  was  at  a  youthful  age  deprived  of 
the  care  of  his  |)arents,  and  taught,  even  before  his 
limited  Hchool-days  were  ended,  the  lessons  of  uij^i  ni 
self-reliance  learned  by  the  children  of  the  poor.  IK 
knew  what  hard  work  was  as  soon  as  he  was  able  lu 
tax  his  physical  energ'es.  At  the  age  of  thirteen  he 
shouldered  his  axe,  and  for  two  years  thereal'ter  cut 


6.a).^'f4iG^ 


year  he  spent  in  Ohio,  and  returning  to  Pennsylvania 
in  1838,  he  opened  a  wheelwright's  shop  that  year  in 
Geigertown,  Berks  Co.,  and  carried  on  the  business 
for  six  years,  or-until  1844.  In  the  year  last  named 
he  sold  out  his  shop,  and  purchasing  the  store  busi- 
ness of  Edward  De  Haven,  at  Churchtown,  began  his 
career  as  a  merchant.  Energy,  industry,  and  prog- 
runs  had  li.  .n  his  mainsprings  of  action,  and  to  his 
n<  w  eiilLipri-c  he  so  earnestly  applied  those  princi- 
ples that  Ik-  ;..nued  success  as  he  extended  his  expe- 
lience,  and  e\p:inded  his  trade  to  mure  than  ordinary 
pro|iurLioiis.  In  isr)4  he  retired  from  merchandising 
lo  jdiii  Willi. uii  Jacobs  as  a  partner  in  the  conduct  of 
ilic  ■  r.ioi  forge."  The  latter  business  was  aban- 
duiad  111  LSOS,  and  in  that  year  Mr.  White  resumed 
store-keeping  in  Cliurchtown,  and  followed  it  with 
much  success  until  his  permanent  retirement  in  1804. 
Siure  thai  tiiiie  he  has  cuiitinued  to  have  his  home 
I  1  t'hiii  litiiwu,  and  liaviii-  earned  a  release  from 
nslle.--3  at  Livity,  ha^  eaju}Ld,  in  the  leisure  that  com- 
petence yields,  the  fruits  of  his  industry.  He  has  not, 
however,  in  the  interval  been  altogether  inactive,  for 
from  ISOO  to  1881  he  served  as  justice  of  the  peace,  is 


G96 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER    COUNTY. 


10  l,as 


now  notiiry  public,  and  from  time  to  time  has  been  ] 
called  iijion  to  act  us  trustee  in  the  settlement  of  I 
estates.  In  1807  he  was  chosen  president  of  the 
Honeybrook  Bank,  and  remained  at  tlie  head  of  that  ! 
institution  until  1S77.  He  was  one  of  the  incnrpo-  I 
raters  of  the  Delaware  Uiver  and  Lancaster  Railroad 
(now  about  to  be  built),  and  is  now  (jne  of  the  direc-  ' 
tors  thereof  In  the  euu^e  of  public  education 
ever  been  an  active  worker,  and  in  its  behalf 
voted  not  oidy  time  and  labor,  but  liberally 
means.  He  has  been  a  school  director  for  about  fif- 
teen years,  and  to  his  present  term  was  elected  without 
opposition.  He  was  for  some  years  a  trustee  of  the 
Presbyterian  Church,  is  now  a  trustee  of  the  Cbunli- 
town  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  and  at  various 
times  has  fnrnished  generous  financial  assistance  to- 
wards t!ie  erection  of  houses  of  worship  in  his  town- 
ship. He  was  appointed  postmaster  at  Churchtowu 
in  1844,  and  held  the  office  seven  years.  He  was  a 
stanch  Democrat  until  the  outbreak  of  the  late  civil 
war,  but  that  episode  changed  his  politics,  and  since 
then  he  has  been  strongly  Republican.  In  1858  he 
was  received  into  Social  Friends  Lodge,  I.  0.  O.  F., 
No.  404,  of  Honeybrook,  and  still  holds  his  inendjcr- 
sliip  therein.  JIarch  12,  1840,  he  was  married  to 
Margaret,  daughter  of  John  and  Catharine  .Amnion, 
of  15erks  County.  No  children  have  been  vcuu-h- 
safed  them.  Their  adopted  daughter,  .Sarah  While 
Hoffman  (Mr.  White's  niece),  is  now  ibf  wife  ot  Hon. 
Aaron  W.  .Snader,  of  New  Holland, 


upon  the  old  Jackson  homestead,  near  Joanna  Furnace, 
in  Berks  County.  He  was  a  man  of  earnest  purpose 
and  enter|)rising  energy.  As  a  leading  farmer  he  held 
a  worthy  place,  and  during  his  life  amply  e.\emi)lified 
the  spirit  111' thnit  and  industry.  In  matters  affecting 
the  publir-  weal  he  was  I'ver  to  be  found  among  the 
foremost,  and  altluui-h  he  hesitated  to  put  himself 
f.rwar.l  as  a  pulilieal  ie|uvseMlative,  he  manifested  at 
all  times  a  keen  iuleiv-i  in  the  pro-ressive  spirit  of 
the  age,  and  whenever  he  lelt  the  call  of  duty  upon 
him  cheerfully  accepted  the  burden  of  such  local 
public  trusts  as  fell  to  his  share.  Such  trusts  he  zeal- 
(uisly  performed,  and  with  sucdi  faithfulness  that  he 
gained  general  approbation.  For  uuiuy  years  be  was 
identified  with  the  substantial  interests  of  Caernarvon 
township,  and  as  one  of  its  prominent  farmer-citizens 
was  well  known  and  highly  esteemed.  He  died  in 
.\pril,  1882,  upon  iiis  farm  near  Churchtowu,  aged 
upwards  of  eighty-three.  His  death  was  the  loss  of 
an  u|)right  man,  and  in  the  community  that  had 
known  ami  a|jplauded  him  for  his  worth  he  has  left 
a  valuable  memory  that  will  be  cherished  for  more 
than  a  brief  space.  One  son  and  two  daughters  sur- 
vive him,— Edward  Lincoln,  of  Caernarvon;  Mrs. 
Abner  E.James,  of  Berks  County;  and   Mrs.  John 


SAMUKL  LINCOLN^  | 

The  Lincolns  of  Berks  County  were,  in  their  day, 
among  the  best  known  and  most  highly  esleenu'd 
citizens  of  that  section.  They  boasted  an  anccsti-y 
that  fiowed  backward  to  the  early  days  of  New  Ivig-  ; 
land's  history,  and  upon  the  pages  of  that  history  as  j 
now  preserved  the  name  of  Lincoln  will  be  found 
among  the  names  of  those  who  gave  to  the  Graidte  I 
State  herstanchest  sons  and  bestowed  upon  her  pros- 
perity and  strength,  the  elements  of  industry,  iute-- 
rity,  and  patriotic  zeal.  Transplanted  frmn  the  Ea^i 
tothegrowing  province  of  Penn,  the  Lincolns  of  Ne\v 
England  rendered  yeoman's  service  in  i)ushing  old 
Berks  forward  in  the  struggle  for  supremacy,  and 
upon  the  current  of  events  that  noted  the  best  phases 
in  the  progress  of  that  county  they  ma<le  a  worthy 
mark.  James  Lincoln,  of  that  family,  was  a  well- 
known  citizen  of  that  portion  of  the  county  adjacent 
to  Morgantown.  He  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of 
Caleb  Jones,  of  Berks  County,  and  died  in  18(32  at  the, 
age  of  ninety-four.  They  had  eight  children,  of 
whom  but  three  are  living, — Abraham,  of  Lancaster 
County,  near  Chnrelit..wn  ;  Ann,  living  at  Church-  1 
town;  and  David,  of  Birdsborough,  in  Berks  County.  ; 
Samuel  Lincoln,  one  of  James'  sons,  was  born  in  .\u- 
gust,  1798,  in  Berks -(Jonnty,  and  upon  his  marii.i-e 
to  a  dau.diter  of  Thomas  Jaeks.m    made   his  Ihhuc 


ll.A.NSD.V  B.  J.iCOBS. 
Hanson  B,  Jacobs,  son  of  Richard  Jacobs,  was  born 
at  Spring  (Jrove  I'orge,  Lancaster  Co.,  June  C,  1812, 
and  died  at  ( 'linrchtown,  June  27,  1879.  His  grand- 
lather,  Cyrus  .Jacobs,  was  one  of  the  best  known  of 
the  laiuous  ii(ju-masters  of  Lancaster  County's  early 
history.  He  succeeded  to  the  iron  jnterests  possessed 
by  the  Olds  family  in  Lancaster  County,  at  what  were 
known  as  the  Spring  Grove  and  Pool  Forges,  on  the 
Conestoga  near  Churchtowu.  Cyrus  Jacobs  was  a 
man  of  more  than  ordinary  importance,  and  com- 
manded the  respect  and  favor  of  the  intelligent  and 
|.;../ii  -u.  .lenient  in  his  county.  He  was  a  man  of 
I  ii-e  la.id  d  pioperty.  Upon  the  estate  stood  three 
iiiau-nius  III  iiMire  than  ordinary  pretensions  to  archi- 
tectural exielleiice  and  substantial  construction. 
f  |j'-n-  N^as  niie  at  S|)ring  Grove,  and  two  near  Church- 
tnwii.  Tin  V  are  all  to-day  in  a  state  of  e.xcellent 
pre-ei  vaiiou,  atid  still  challenge  attention  as  model 
homes,  f.deral  Hall  and  White  Hall  are  within 
easy  sight  of  Churchtowu.  At  the  latter  lived  Cyrus 
Jacobs,  and  there  he  dispensed  royal  hospitality  and 
lived  as  became  a  veritable  "lord  of  the  nuinor." 
His  son  Richard  (hither  of  Hanson)  died  Nov.  22, 
1818,  in-  his  thirty-fourth  year.  Cyrus  continued  in 
active  business  until  his  death.  May  0,  1830,  at  the 
age  of  seventy,  llis  jiroperty  passed  to  his  grandson 
Hanson,  then  but  eighteen  years  of  age,  and  still  at- 
tending school,  Hanson  took  no  active  part  in  the 
nianasremeiit  of  the  iron-works  njitil  about  the  time 


CAERNARVON    TOWNSHIP. 


697 


the 


of  his  marriage,  in  183G.    From  that  ti[iie  lorward'liL'      ik'cii| 

bestowed  close  personal  attention  upon  the  conrhict  ;  atten 

of  the  enterprise,  and  niana^i'd  it  with  success  until  |  Pliila 

the  business  of  iron  manui'acturi.'.  in  tliose  parts  ceased 

to  be  i)rofitable.    lie  retired  thereupon  to  |)rivate  life, 

and  at  the  Windsi)r  place  passed  the  remainder  of  his 

days  in  comfortable  ease.    Mr.  Jacobs  was  a  prominent 

figure  in   the  militia  when   to  belong  to  the  militia 

was  considered  the  pleasurable  duty  of  every  ciliziii. 

He  held  a  general's  commission  for  some  time,  and  at      physician. 

military  gatherings  in  various  sections  of  the  county 

was  a  familiar  and  gallant  figure.     For  several  years 

he  served  as  justice  of  the  peace,  and  in  other  ways  i       t>  i     <  t     i 
,     .,       .,.,.,,         ...         .1       Robert  Jenk 
was  prominently  identihed  with   the  administration  ,  ^^    itjui 

of  local  alfairs.     Mr.  Jacobs  was  married,  Sept.  2'J,  j  ,  '  , 

183G,  to  Catharine,  daughter  of  Robert  Jenkins,  of'      '"'-^^'-'      '" 

Caernarvon    township.     She  survives    him,  and   has     ^ 

her  home  upon  the  Windsor  place  in  Chnrcht- 

where  lier  father  and  her  gramlfather  liefore  ho 

sided.     Hanson    15.  Jacobs   and   his  wife   had   ~ 

children.     The   living  are   Robert   J.,  (;atl,ariiu 

Charles  S.,  Anna  H.,  Marv  15.  15.,  and  Jolin  II 


D.VNIEL    D.   ZELL. 
Among  the  early  settlers  of  Lancaster  Count} 
name  of  Zell  will   be  tbund  prominent.     The   / 
are  intimately  identified  with  the  history  ot   Liti 
Britain  township.     Isaac  Zell,  well  known  in  en 
life  as  a  farmer  in  Little  Britain,  was  educated  fi 
the  ministry,  and  served  many  years  as  a  nreacher 
the  Jlethodist  Ei)iscopal  Church.     He  died  in  Litt 
Britain    in    1875,   aged   seventy-six.     His  widow   (a 
daughter  of  Joseph  Swift,  whose  anci-tor>  were  ol 
Lancaster  County's  pioneers)  is  still  livinu'  upon  the 
old  homi'stcad,  at  the  advanced  age   of  ci_'hlv-two. 
Isaac  Zrll  had  .devrn  children,  all  of  whom  arc  living 
and    have    llu-ir   homes    in   Lancaster  t'onnty.     His 
seventh  son   was  Daniel  D.  Zell,  now  and  for  many 
years    a  resident  of  Caernarvon   township.     Daniel 
D.  Zell  was  boru  in  Washington  borough,  Lancaster 
Co.,  Feb.  8,  1838.     He  was  educated  in  his  youth  at 
the  home  district  school,  comideted  his  education  at 
the  Union  Academy,  Columbia,  aii<l  upon  his  father's 
farm  learned  the  rudiments  of  self-reliance  through 
the   industrious   and    valuable    experience   of    busy 
labor.     At   the  age  of   twenty-one  he  left  lionie  to 
make  his  own  way  in  the  world,  and  for  a  start  en- 
gaged in  the  cultivation  of   tobacco  in  Caernarvon 


Iphia.     In  180 


during  the  winter  of  1878-79 
lectures  at  Jetl'erson  College, 
)  he  married  Anna,  daughter 


of  ,Maj.  William  Ringwalt,  of  Caernarvon  township. 
Although  the  pressing  demands  of  business  have  thus 
far  inferfered  with  the  completion  of  his  medical 
studies,  it  is  Mr.  Zell's   jHirpose  to  pursue  them  to 


rse. 


ROBERT  JENKIXS. 
s  (born  July  10,  1767,  and  died  April 
his  time  one  of  the  foremost  men  of 
V       He  came  of  W.  Mi    UKi.str%    his 


township.  For  a  period  of  eleven  years  ho  di 
his  time  between  that  occupation  and  servii 
clerk  in  the  store  he  now  condii.  t^  near  Church 
In  1870  he  migrated  to  the  West  on  a  ]>rospc 
tour,  and  returning  in  1871,  embarked  in  busing 
a  huckster  in  Caernarvon,  and  Ibllowed  it  to  1S7.' 
167a  he  determined  to  fit  himself  for  a  jphysii 
career,  and  from  1875  to  1878  studied  medicine 
Dr.  L.  Z.  RingwaU,  of  Churchtown,  becoming  n 
while  (1870)  a   merchant  at  the  location  sime 


nto  La 
I'd  froii 
nd   lyi 


Pennsylvania,  and  settled  in  Chester 
ihn  Jenkins,  son  to  David  Jenkins  just 
icasler  County  in  1731,  and  in 
William  Penn  a  grant  for  a 
ig  along  the  Conestoga  Creek, 
ortion   ol    Lancaster   County. 


Previ 

ased    1 


698 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


kins,  and  fuunded  thereon  the  Windsor  Iron-Works,  I 
which  tliey  conducted  with  more  or  le=s  success  until  I 
aljout  the  outbreak  of  hostilities  between  Great  Brit-  ' 
ain  and  America,  wlien   tliey  sold  the  property  to 
David   {born  July   G,   1731),  son  of  John  Jenkins.  1 
David  managed  the  works  with  much  profit,  and  at  ' 
his  death  left  them,  as  well  as  three  thousand  acres 
of  land,  to  his  son  Robert,  the  works  then  including 
what  are  known  to  this  day  as  the  Upper  and  Lower 
Forges,  on  the  Conestoga,  near  Cliurchtown.    David, 
father  to  Robert  Jenkins,  married  Martha  Arnion,  of 
Pequea  (of  Scotch-Irish  ancestry),  and  had  three  sons, 
— Robert,  William,  and   David.     Robert  became  an 
iron-master,  William  an  eminent  lawyer,  and   David  ! 
a  farmer.  i 

Robert  Jenkins  carried  on  the  business  of  iron-mas- 
ter at  the  Windsor  Works  from  1799  to  his  death,  in 
the  spring  of  1848,  and  in  its  conduct  displayed  sig-  I 
nal  ability.     He  came  to  be  widely  known,  and  rose  I 
to  be  one  of  the  conspicuous  figures  in  the  current  ; 
events  that  marked  the  progress  and  development  of 
Lancaster   County's  substantial    prosperity.     At   ills 
death  he  left  the  works  and  four  tiiousand  acres  of 
land.     His  son  David  continued  the  iron-works  until 
his  death  in  1850,  when  they  passed  to  other  hands. 

Robert  Jenkins  was  eminent  as  a  citizen  as  well  as 
a  manufacturer,  and  held  a  high  and  honored  place 
among  his  fellow-men.  He  was  liberal  and  enterpris- 
ing, endowed  with  rare  intelligence,  and  ever  among 
the  foremost  in  the  promotion  of  all  projects  seeking 
the  popular  good.  At  an  early  period  of  his  life  he 
was  chosen  to  the  State  Legislature,  and  from  1807  to 
1811  sat  in  the  halls  of  Congress.  That  service  was 
given  in  the  dark  and  stormy  period  that  preceded 
the  second  war  with  Great  Uriiaiii,  and  in  the  impor- 
tant discussions  and  measures  incidental  to  that  time 
his  voice  was  ever  heard  to  worthy  jjurpose  and  his 
actions  fashioned  as  became  a  stern,  unflinching  pa- 
triot. He  served  his  country  with  honor,  and  won 
earnest  recognition  for  his  valued  efforts.  During  the 
prevalence  of  the  Whiskey  Insurrection  iu  Pennsylva- 
nia, Mr.  Jenkins  took  an  active  part  in  the  field 
against  the  insurrectionists,  and  gained  much  credit 
in  the  campaign.  His  death  was  viewed  as  a  public 
calamity,  and  upon  the  occasion  of  his  funeral  up- 
wards of  a  thousand  persons  assembled  to  te=lify  to 
the  worth  of  the  departed,  and  to  the  e.Ktent  of  the 
alUictiou  which  the  comniunity  had  been  called  upon 
to  sustain.  His  widow  (Catharine,  daughter  of  Rev. 
John  Carmichael,  of  Chester  County)  died  Oct.  23, 
1850.  Of  his  two  sons  and  si.x:  daugliters,  the  living 
are  Mrs.  Catharine  Jacobs,  Mrs.  Jolm  W.  Nevin,and 
Mrs.  Alfred  Nevin. 


ISRAEI,    KliKN. 
Israel    Kern,  one   of  Caernarvon's    representative 
farmer-citizens,  was  born  Feb.  S.i,  1835,  near  (.'Imrch- 
town,  upon  the  farm  now  owned  by  Matthias  Ilirnch 


His  father,  Adam,  a  well-known  farmer,  ,iii'd  in  April, 
1856.  His  mother,  Sarah,  died  Sept.  9,  1680,  aged 
eighty-eight  years,  and  to  the  time  of  her  death  was 
quite  active  and  hearty.  Of  their  si.x  sons,  Israel  is 
the  only  one  living.  He  was  bred  a  tarmer's  lad,  and 
during* his  life  has  known  no  other  occupation  save 
that  of  farming,  to  which  he  applied  himself  during  his 
most  active  years  with  such  energy  and  industry  as  to 
gain  a  substantial  competency.  Having  thus  profitably 
employed  his  earlier  manhood,  he  is  enabled  now  to 
enjoy  a  well-earned  rest,  albeit  he  still  makes  his 
home  upon  his  farm.  With  his  brother,  David,  he 
purchased  the  Kern  homestead  (now  the  William 
Styer  farm),  upon  their  father's  death,  and  resided 
there  until  1800.  In  that  year  the  two  brothers 
bought  the  farm  now  owned  by  Israel  and  removed 
thereto.  Their  purchase  embraced  one  hundred 
and  fifty-two  acres  of  valuable  land,  and  until  the 
fall  of  1871  they  carried  it  on  together  with  signal 
success.  Nov.  14,  1871,  David  died,  and  Israel  then 
became  the  sole  possessor  of  the  property.  Sept.  7, 
1875,  he  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Jacob  and 
Sarah  Me.ssner,  of  Ephrata  township.  Jacob  Mess- 
ner  died  in  December,  1872.  His  widow  is  still 
living. 

Mr.  Kern  was  reared  in  the  Lutheran  faith,  and 
has  been  a  member  of  St.  John's  (Centre)  Lutheran 
Church  since  his  boyhood.  His  life  has  been  so 
closely  devoted  to  the  useful  pursuits  of  husbandry 
that  he  has  had  neither  time  for  nor  inclination  to- 
wards participation  in  public  affairs,  other  than  occa- 
sionally serving  in  such  township  offices  as  naturally 
fell  to  his  share  and  duty.  He  has  sought  to  exem- 
plify the  value  of  a  useful  existence,  and  in  a  quiet 
and  unostentatious  way  he  has  made  that  life  an  ex- 
ample. He  is  held  in  high  este.em  as  a  citizen,  and 
although  not  boasting  an  eventful  record,  has  earned 
one  that  easily  gives  him  a  right  to  a  place  among 
the  valuable  members  of  the  community  in  which  he 
lives. 


CHAPTER    X  L  I. 


Erection  and  Boundary  Line.— This  is  one  of  the 
northwestern  townships  of  the  county,  and  is  bounded 
on  the  northeast  by  East  Cocalico,  on  the  southeast  by 
Ephrata,  on  the  southwest  by  Warwick,  on  the  west 
by  Elizabelh  township,  and  on  the  northwest  by  Leb- 
anon County. 

The  township  was  erected  by  a  division  of  Eliza- 
beth township  in  1853,  by  order  of  the  court,  upon  the 
rei>ort  of  Emanuel  Shaell'er,  Jlorris  Hoops,  and  Wil- 
liam Carpenter,  Efq.,  commissioners  apijointed  to  ex- 
amine the  feasibility  of  erecting  said  township.    The 


uol  Nitaly, 


eyj/iae/  ^Jl^yyn^ 


CLAY   TOWNSHIP. 


division  lines  were  surveyed  liy  Samuel  Nissly,  Esq., 
of  Clay  township,  as  follows:  '' Coninieneing  on  the 
bridge  over  Hammer  Creek  (below  niill-dani),  in  the 
public  road  leading  to  Lancaster  ;  tlienee  in  said  road 
644  perches  to  the  bridge  over  Middle  Creek;  thence 
up  Jliddle  Creek  IIG  perches  to  Furnace  Run  ;  thence 
up  Furnace  Run  427  perches  to  Seglock  Run  ;  thence 
up  Seglock  Run  921)  perches  to  Lebanon  County,  226 
perches  west  from  a  marked  stone  on  the  west  side  of 
a  public  road  in  said  Lebanon  County  line;  thence 
along  the  Lebanon  County  line  to  West  Cocalico 
township  line;  soutlierly  along  said  West  Cocalico 
township  line  and  Lidiaii  Ruji  to  Ephrata  township 
line  ;  thence  southwesterly  along  Ephrata  township 
line  to  Hammer  Creek  and  Warwick  township  ; 
thence  up  Hammer  Creek  to  place  of  beginning." 

Pioneer  line. — An  act  of  Assembly  was  passed 
Feb.  13,  1813,  to  annex  a  part  of  Lancaster  to  Leb- 
anon County,  "  beginning  in  the  Berks  County  line; 
thence  tlirough  Lancaster  County  to  a  sandstone 
house  on  the  road  leading  from  Shaeflerstown  to 
Elizabeth  Furnace,  leaving  said  house  in  Lebanon 
County;  thence  to  a  house  of  one  Shroyer,  deceased, 
including  said  house  in  Lebanon  County,  on  tlie  road 
leading  from  Lebanon  to  Manheim  ;  thence  to  Sny- 
der's mill,  on  the  Conewago  Creek."  This  somewhat 
reduced  the  area  of  what  was  then  Elizabeth  town- 
sliip,  and  in  1815,  at  the  April  session  of  the  Lan- 
caster County  Court,  C.  Carpenter,  Abraham  Forney, 
and  Samuel  Geeher  were  appointed  commissioners  to 
annex  a  part  of  Warwick  and  Cocalico  townships  to 
Elizabeth  township,  as  follows:  "  Beginniiig  at  a 
black-oak  tree  in  the  Lebanon  and  Lancaster  County 
line;  thence  a  southwest  course  through  Warwick 
township  to  John  Beidler's  tavern,  occujiied  by 
George  Plasterer  (now  Pennsville),  leaving  said  tav- 
ern in  Elizabeth  townsliip;  thence  along  a  public 
road  leading  from  Mount  Hope  Furnace  to  Lititz,  to 
a  public  road  leading  from  Jhiuheim  to  John  Eby's 
mill;  thence  along  said  road  to  Hammer  Creek; 
thence  down  Hammer  Creek  to  a  public  road  lead- 
ing from  Lititz  to  a  tavern  on  the  Downingtown, 
Ephrata  and  Harrisburg  turnpike,  owned  by  Philip 
Krig  (now  in  the  village  of  Lincoln),  leaving  said 
tavern  in  Cocalico  township;  thence  a  straight  line 
to  where  the  Lidian  Run  empties  into  Trout  Creek  ; 
thence  up  Indian  Run  to  the  head  of  spring  thereof, 
on  lands  of  Robert  Coleman,  Esq.,  near  the  residence 
of  Adam  Wampole;  thence  a  north  course  to  Lan- 
caster and  Lebanon  County  line;  thence  along  said 
line  to  |)lace  of  beginning." 

The  report  of  the  c<nnmissioner3  was  made  Aug.  2, 
1815,  and  confirmed  by  the  court  at  November  ses- 

Soil  and  Products.— The  soil  in  the  southern  part 
of  this  township  is  equal  in  fertility  to  any  in  the 
county;  being  underlaid  witii.lime  rock  prevents  the 
percolation  which  in  some  soils  soon  exhausts  ihc 
fertilizers  applied.     The  northern  part  of  the  town- 


ship is  more  of  a  sandstone  gravel  and  less  fertile, 
except  in  the  valleys  where  underlaid  with  rock. 

The  different  cereals  usually  raised  in  this  county 

are  brought  forth  in  abundance  in  Clay  township,  as 

well  as  large  qmintities  of  tobacco.     In  the  hills  and 

mountains  are  found  some  of  the  best  red  sandstone 

j  to  be  found  anywhere  in  the  State,  and  of  the  various 

I  colors  and  hues  with  which  this  kind  of  stone  is  sus- 

I  ceptible.     From  the  quarries  of  Clay  large  quantities 

of  thestone  used  in  building  the  Lancaster  court-house 

and  prison  were  obtained. 

From   the  lime-quarries  of  the  south   end  of  the 
township  large  quantities  of  stcjne  are  quarried  and 
converted  into  lime,  and  returned  to  the  soil  in  the 
j  form  of  a  fertilizer,  which  is  used  in  large  quantities 
I  by  the  farmers  of  other  townships  as  well  as  Clay. 
This  business  and  use  of  this  kind  of  fertilizer  has  in- 
creased from  a  few  bushels  in  1825  to,  in  some  cases, 
as  high  as  one  hundred  bushels  per  acre. 
I       In  the  early  history  of  this  township,  or  in  1760, 
the  land  along  either  side  of  what  is  now  the  Down- 
1  ingtown,  Ephrata  and  Harrisburg  turnpike  was  cov- 
I  ered  with  a  small  growth  of  what  was  then  known 
as   grub-wood   and  hazel-nut   and   other  small   and 
I  almost  worthless  kinds  of  trees,  and  the  locality  was 
!  known  by  the  old  German  settlers  as  "  Grubenland," 
I  and  among  other  things  were  large  quantities  of  wild 

game,  such  as  deer,  bears,  and  other  small  game. 
[  Pioneer  Raiment  and  Provisions.— Previous  to 
i  the  present  century  flax  was  one  of  the  principal  pro- 
'  ducts  of  the  soil  of  what  is  now  Clay  townsliip,  or  at 
j  least  as  much  as  was  required  for  home  consumjitiou 
j  in  the  manufacture  of  wearing  apparel  for  the  in- 
habitants, both  old  and  young.  Farmers  usually 
raised  from  half  an  acre  to  one  and  a  half  acres  each, 
and  when  ripe  it  was  pulled  by  hand,  tied  into  small 
bundles,  and  when  dried  the  seed  was  separated  from 
the  stalk  by  taking  a  bundle  in  the  hands  and  beat- 
ing the  seed  end  of  the  tiax  against  a  log  or  large 
stone,  which  woutil  also  open  the  boll  in  which  the 
seed  is  grown.  The  flax  was  then  spread  upon  green- 
sward until  the  woody  part  was  sufficiently  rotted, 
when  it  was  broken  by  means  of  what  was  then 
known  as  a  hand-break,  when  it  was  hackled,  sepa- 
rating the  woody  part  or  inside  of  stalk  from  the 
fibre.  The  fibre  was  then  hatcheled  by  hand,  and 
made  ready  lor  the  spinning-wheel.  The  spinning 
was  mostly  done  during  the  long  winter  evenings,  and 
not  unfreqiiently  parties  of  a  dozen  or  more  of  the 
pioneers'  daughters  would  meet  of  an  evening  and 
have  an  oUl-fasliioiied  "spinning  bee,"  each  carrying 
her  own  wheel  upon  her  shoulder.  The  thread  thus 
spun  was  next  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  weaver, 
who  would  weave  the  linen  any  desired  width,  usu- 
ally about  a  yard  wide.  The  finest  of  the  linen  was 
used  for  shirting,  and  the  coarser  dyed  in  colors  to 
suit  the  owner  and  made  into  other  wearing  apparel, 
u-sually  breeches  and  jackets. 

But  a  small  amount  of  woolen  goods  was  worn  by 


700 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


the  pioneer  of  tlie  last  uentury,  as  CDiiiparatively  lew 
sheep  were  raised  at  that  time.  The  wool  was  cleansed 
in  a  primitive  way,  carded  into  rolls  by  hand,  and 
spun  and  wove  by  hand,  the  same  as  the  linen. 

The  provisions  of  the  pioneer  were  more  of  a  sub- 
stantial nature  than  those  at  the  jiresent  day.  Luxu- 
ries in  provisions  were  few,  and  the  families  that  could 
allbrd  them  far  between.  Pork  and  wild  meat  were 
the  backbone  of  the  pioneer  farmer,  with  such  vege- 
tables as  he  could  raise  in  tlie  little  patch  near  the 
cabin.  Beef  and  corn  was  not  then  a  staple  food  as 
at  present;  soup  of  some  kind,  occasionally  some 
mush  and  molasses.  Hut  the  sturdy  old  German 
pioneer  loved  his  sauerkraut  und  speck,  snitz  und 
knep,  bastenaden,  karbsen,  rueben,  weiskraut,  boh- 
nen,  erbsen,  mehl  und  grumhereii  soup,  noodle  soup, 
smaltz  kuchen,  apple-tumbles,  pul-pie,  panliasen, 
and  other  good  things  not  always  at  hand. 

Pioneer  Settlers. — Most,  if  not  all,  of  the  pioneers 
of  wdiat  is  now  Clay  township  came  from  Germany 
and  located  here  between  the  years  1740  and  1770, 
among  wdiom  were  the  Weidnian,  Weachter,  Miller, 
Elser,  Householder,  and  other  families  belonging  to 
the  Lutheran  congregation,  and  from  a  place  called 
"  Durlach,"  as  can  be  seen  on  some  of  the  grave- 
stones in  the  Brickerville  Church  graveyard,  one  of 
which  reads,  "  Born  in  llussheim,  in  der  Morgrafchutt 
Durlach,  in  Europe,"  and  were  called  in  that  section 
of  the  township  the  Durlachers,  finm  wliieli  the  Dur- 
lach post-oflice  received  its  name. 

The  Brubacher,  llackman,  Wissler,  and  other  fami- 
lies were  Mennonites,  and  among  the  other  families 
were  the  Appel,  Bentz,  Bollinger,  Deardorf,  Weaver, 
Herchelroth,  Stover,  Erb,  Eberly,  l.aber,  Oberlin, 
Heacker,  Wealand  families,  and  .snme  oihers  of  the 
first  settlers,  who  lived  in  one-story  I'rame  or  log 
houses,  a  small  number  of  which  are  stamling  yet. 

Niss/y  Family.— 3 iiwh,  the  pioneer  of  the  Nissly 
family  in  this  country,  came  here  in  the  early  part  of 
the  last  century,  and  settled  in  the  west  part  of  what 
is  now  Lancaster  County,  and  was  naturalized  in  1729. 
He  had  three  sons, — Jacob,  John  (Hans),  and  Henry. 
Jacob,  Jr.,  had  three  sons  also,— Henry,  Jacob,  and 
Martin.  John  (Hans)  Nissly  had  six  sons,— Michael, 
John,  Jacob,  Abraham,  Samuel,  and  JLirtin.  The 
first  above-named  Henry  Nissly  was  born  in  172:i, 
married  a  Miss  Ileif,  and  resided  on  a  mill  property 
and  one  hundred  and  si,\ty  acres  of  land  on  Chikis 
Creek,  below  Sporting  Hill,  in  Rapho  township.  He 
was  the  ancestor  of  the  Nissly  family  of  what  is  now 
Clay  township.  He  had  eiglit  children,— Barbara, 
married  to  Michael  Brandt;  Anna,  married  to  Jabez 
Sluiey;  Henry,  JLartin,  Catharine,  married  to  Dr. 
Michael  Kaufman  (late  of  Manheim  borough) ;  Jacob, 
and  A[aria  and  Abraham,  who  died  in  infancy. 

JLartin  Nissly  (last  above  named)  was  born  Jan. 
16,  1709,  married  Elizabeth  Hallocker,  and  located  in 
what  is  now  Clay  township  in  17S7,  on  a  farm  of  one 
hundred  and  seventy-two  and  one-quarter   acres  of 


land.  He  had  two  children,— Catharine,  married  to 
Benjamin  Bollinger;  and  Henry,  who  was  born  July 
1-2,  1783,  and  nnirried  Catliarine,  daughter  of  Peter 
JLirtin,  and  died  in  18(J9,  leaving  nine  children,— 
Peter,  Martin,  Henry,  Samuel,  Elizabeth,  John,  Cath- 
arine, Anna,  and  Isaac  Nissly,  all  born  in  Clay  town- 
ship. Peter  married  a  Pfoutz,  and  has  one  sou,  Jacob, 
residing  near  Richland,  in  Lebanon  County.  Sam- 
uel, a  justice  of  the  pe.ice  for  Clay  township,  is  pos- 
sessor of  the  old  Nissly  homestead  farm  in  Clay. 
Isaac  married  a  Miss  Bryson,  and  died  in  1862,  leav- 
ing one  child,— Ida  V.,  now  living  in  Reading.  Sam- 
uel's mother  was  Catliarine,  daughter  of  Peter  Jlartin, 
and  was  born  in  what  is  now  Ephrata,  Pa.,  March 
29, 1789,  in  the  house  now  occupied  by  Adam  Konig- 
macher. 

Peter  :\rartin  located  in  Clay  township  in  1804,  in 
the  house  now  ,jceupied  l.y  .bilm  Y.  Weidman,  where 
his  daughter  Catharine  married  UeJiry  Nissly.  In 
1808,  John  Martin,  grandfather  of  Mrs.  Nissly,  came 
from  Bradia,  Switzerland,  and  located  in  Shenandoah 
County,  Va.,  and  married  Ann  Maria  Koelb.  He 
was  a  shoemaker  by  trade,  and  subsequently,  with  his 
wife  and  three  children, — Peter,  Ann  Maria,  and 
Catharine,— all  horn  in  Virginia,  together  with  his 
wife's  two  brothers,  John  Adam  and  Jonathan 
Koelb,  and  a  sister  Christiana,  emigrated  to  Ephrata, 
and  located  on  the  hill,  a  short  distance  from  the 
"Sisters'  House."  The  Koelbs  were  both  bachelors 
and  shoemakers  by  trade,  and  died  at  E|)hrata  of 
old  age,  and  their  sister  Catharine  married  a  Mr. 
Luther. 

Hans  (John)  Martin,  also  at  Ephrata,  made  shoes 
and  had  a  small  stoie.and  died  at  the  age  of  seventy- 
seven  years  wheie  Adam  IConigmacher  now  lives. 
His  son,  Peter  .Martin,  when  t\venty-seven  years  of 
age,  married  Catharine  h'liekinger ;  his  daughter, 
Ann  Maria,  married  Saniuel  Keller,  and  his  daugh- 
ter, Catharine,  married  Henry  !\Iiller,  who  owned  tlio 
property  now  owned  by  Israel  Erb.  Hans  (or  John) 
Martin  was  a  scrivener  as  well  as  shoemaker  and 
storekeeper,  and  at  the  age  of  thirty-two  years  was, 
in  1791,  commissioned  by  Governor  Thomas  Mifflin 
as  justice  of  the  peace  for  Cocalico  and  Elizabeth, 
and  in  1804  moved  into  what  is  now  Clay  township, 
wdiere  he  kept  a  store  till  1829,  and  was  acting  justice 
of  the  peace  till  1830,  a  term  of  forty-four  years,  and 
died  in  1844  in  the  eighty-fourth  year  of  his  age.  liiu 
children  were  Catharine,  Mary,  Jacob,  Anna,  Han- 
nah, Peter,  Isaac,  and  Elizabeth.  Catharine  married 
Henry  Nissly  in  1SU8;  Mary  married  Jacob  Eberly 
and  moved  to  Columbus,  Ohio;  Salome  (Mary)  mar- 
ried Samuel  Erb  and  resided  in  Clay  township,  on 
the  farm  now  owned  by  Hiram  Krh  ;  Jacob  niiirricl 
Catharine  Forry  and  usided  near  SliippLiisliurg,  I'a,, 
where  his  wife  died  in  is:!4;  Anna  married  Ouea 
Bruner  and  resided  in  New  Ephrata,  now  Lincoln 
village,  where  he  kept  a  siure  and  died  in  1845;  Han- 
nah  miuricd   Uiehard  R.  Jleistler,  Esq.,  a  shoemaker 


CLAY   TOWNSHIP. 


by  trade,  surveyor  and  scrivener,  resided  at  E|)lirata, 
and  died  in  1S47  ;  las  wife  is  still  living.  Teter,  Jr., 
married  Charlotte  Konigniaclier,  and  I'or  his  second 
wife  her  sister,  Susannah  Koniginacher.  lie  was  a 
surveyor  and  scrivener,  also  was  elected  pioilicmotury 
of  tliecounty  in  18G0,  and  associate  judge  in  ISili;,  and 


died 


1834  ]■: 
Readiii] 


-fourti 


ige. 


where  h( 


Wdss,  Bollimjer,  J'foat:,  Eoi/er,  F/7/.— dacoh  W 
obtained  a  warrant  ,fan.  4,  1733,  for  one  hundred  and 
sixty  acres  of  land,  and  after  having  settled  upon  and 
improved  a  tract  of  land  containing  two  hundred  and 
eighty  acres,  situated  on  either  side  of  Middle  Creek, 
died  in  1753  before  obtaining  a  |)atent  I'or  the  same. 
He  left  two  sons,  Jacob  and  George  Michael.  Jacob 
obtained  a  p;itent  for  one  hundred  and  forty  acres, 
and  in  1754  sold  the  same  to  his  brother,  George 
Michael  \Veis.s,  who  in  17()2  obtained  a  patent  for  the 
other  one  hundred  and  forty  acres,  and  in  17()7  sold 
seventy-one  and  a  quarter  acres  to  Daniel  Bollinger, 
and  tlie  same  year  sold  seventy-three  and  three-fpiar- 
ter acres  to  Abraham  Frantz,  and  in  1771  l"i;uU/. -old 
the  same  to  Martin  Mover,  and  in  ISIl  M„ycr  s,,ld 
the  same  to  Rev.  Jacob  I'fnutz.  His  sons  were  John, 
Jacob,  Moses,  Abraham,  and  Davi.l  Pfoutz.  In  18.")2 
David  Pfoutz  became  the  invner  of  the  seventy-three 
and  three-quarter  acres,  and  died  in  1S7.").  His  son, 
Henry  Pfoutz,  is  now  the  owner  of  the  property. 

Daniel  Bollinger,  the  owner  of  the  seventy-one  and 
one-quarter  acre  tract,  had  two  children,  Peter,  and 
Anna  who  married  John  Rover.  Peter  Bollinger 
(son  of  David)  became  the  owner  of  the  tract  in  17'J2, 
and  retained  possession  till  his  decease  in  1840.  His 
children  were  Daniel,  Benjamin,  Christian,  Jacob, 
Samuel,  and  Anna.  Anna  married  Samuel  Royer, 
and  Sauiuei,  son  of  Peter  Bollinger,  became  the  owner 
of  the  tract,  and  in  1851  sold  to  Jacob  Fry,  who  in 
1878  sold  to  Abraham  Fry,  the  |)resent  owner. 

The  Hirchdruth  Family  (pronounced  Jfcrkelrode). — 
John  Herchelroth,  one  of  the  pion(^ers  of  Clay,  emi- 
grated from  Germany,  and  took  up,  under  warraiit  of 
March  IG,  1747,  a  tract  of  one  hundred  aud  fifteen 
acres  of  land,  lying  on  the  west  side  of  Middle  Creek, 
and  located  on  the  same,  where  he  died,  leaving  six 
children, — Lawrence,  Jtdin,  Henry,  Christian,  Juli- 
ana, and  Elizabeth.  In  1702  his  son  Lawrence  be- 
came the  owner  of  the  above  tract,  for  which  he  pro- 
cured a  patent  in  17C4.  He  also  purchased  another 
tract  adjoining,  and  after  his  decease  his  two  sons, 
Henry  and  Lawrence,  became  joint  owners  of  the  two 
Iracts,  find  in  ISK!  made  a  division  of  the  property. 
Lawrence  settled  on  the  original  or  south  tract,  war- 
ranted by  his  father  in  1747,  and  Henry  took  the 
north  tract.  Middle  Creek  being  the  dividing  line  be- 
tween their  tracts.  The  original  tract  is  now  owned 
by  Benjamin  Bollinger,  who  married  a  Herchelroth, 


and   i- 

a  .son  of  Abraham  Bollinger,  who  resided  on 

what^ 

s  known  as  the  Deardorf  property. 

Dai 

nhrf  and  noinn<ier.—ln  1748,  Henry  Deardorf 

settle. 
o)ie  h 
built 

on  the  west  si.le  of  .Middle  Creek,  on  a  tract  of 
nidrrd  an<l  -rvnily  a, •,•,•-,  of  land,  wIhtlIiii  he 
I    ',.n,-    aii.l   a   li.il  f    -toiy    linu-e,    which    is  still 

standi 
drcca 

ig,  and    n| wliirli    is  the   name   of  the   then 

and  datr  of  biiildiiig  the  limi-c.  Alter  the 
ent.lnhn  ]).ar,lnir,  AKraliaiii   1  ).;udorf  became 

po.se> 
it   pa.- 

sed  into  the'  hands  of  Abraham  Bollinger,  and 

7  .lacob  Bollinger  became  the  owner,  and  died 

Anr 


2.    He  had 
Elizabeth, 


children,  viz. :  George,  Jacob, 
irine  (married  Emanuel  Wid- 


dcr),  i\Liry  (married  Samuel  Fahnstock),  and  Sarah 
Bollinger.  Abraham's  son,  Jacob,  became  the  owner 
of  the  Bollinger  part  of  the  tract,  and  died  in  1875, 
and  in   1883  the  i)roperty  was  owned  by  Henry  Bol- 


/loiiseliokler  a 
Weidman  obtai 
forty-four  and  0 
obtaining  a  pat. 
drcn,  viz-  :   Mar 


(/  Slol,er.—Uv 


thias 


Job 


Matlhia. 


3,  1733,  Mil 
line  hundred  an.l 
1,  and  died  before 
le  left  four  chil- 
i,  and  Elizabeth, 
whir  mairiid  Adam  Householder,  wdien  they  sold 
their  intcrc-t  in  the  above  tract  to  Lawrence  House- 
holder, who  was  born  in  1727.  He  subsequently, 
Jan.  22,  17(12,  |jrociired  a  patent  for  the  above  one 
hundred  and  forty-four  and  one-half  acre.s  of  land. 
At  his  decease  he  left  a  son,  Jacob,  and  daughters, 
Barbara,  wdio  married  Frederick  Adams;  Catharine, 
married  George  Stober;  Elizabeth,  married  Henry 
Miland;  and  Susanna,  married  George  Sclierb. 

Jacob  Householder,  son  of  Lawrence,  died  in  1814, 
leaving  no  sons.  George  Stober  died  in  1828,  leaving 
two  sons,  Jacob  aud  John.  Jacob  married  a  Miss 
Zartman,  and  had  one  son,  Ellas,  who  married  a  Miss 
Zeigler,  and  had  one  son,  J.  A.  Stober,  Esq.,  now  re- 
siding in  the  village  of  Schoencck,  West  Cocalico 
township. 

Brubaker  FamUij.—ln  1757,  Abraham  Brubaker, 
Sr.,  purchased  of  .Martin  Weigbtinan  one  hundre.l 
and  se-venty-lwo  and  oMc-«|Uarter  acres  of  land  in 
what  is  now  Clay  township,  and  in  1787  sold  the 
same  to  Martin  Nissly,  and  in  1788  purchased  of 
John  Carpenter,  at  Indiantown,  Clay  township,  three 
hundred  and  sixty-nine  acres  of  land,  and  at  his  de- 
cease he  left  five  sons, — 

L  Abraham,    wh- 
Abraham,  Jacob,  ai 

II.  John,  who   lu 
Abraham. 

III.  Daniel,  who 

IV.  Christian,    w 
John. 

V.  Jacob,  w 
From    this   : 


a 

' 

d    f 
ter. 

ve 

sons. 

D 

ivid,   . 

tl 

ree 

sor 

s.  Job 

", 

Jacob 

i 

1 

two 
ad 

z 

s,  Dan 

el 
AI 

and  .T( 
rahan 

d,   John, 


ind 


had  two  sons,  Jacob  and  John, 
ill    beginning   the   large    Brubaker 
family  in  this  part  of  the  county  sprang. 

The  Milkr  /'KmiVy.— Christopher  Miller,  one  of  the 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


early  settlers  of  what  is  now  Clay  township,  was  born 
in  1744;  and  located  here  on  a  large  tract  of  land, 
where  he  died  in  I8I0,  leaving  four  sons, — Johannus, 
Jacob,  George,  and  Christopher.  Johannus  died  in 
1844,  leaving  three  children,— Samuel,  John,  and 
Elizabeth.  Elizabeth  married  John  Garret.  A  daugh- 
ter of  Jacob  Miller  married  Dr.  Samuel  lUig.  George 
Miller  had  three  children, — Peter,  Susanna  (who  mar- 
ried Samuel  Ressler),  and  Catharine  (who  married 
Jacob  Ranck). 

Christopher,  son  of  Christopher,  was  the  father  of 
ten  children,  viz.  :  David,  Henry,  William,  Christo- 
pher, Isaac,  Leah,  Sally,  Polly,  Nancy,  and  Lydia. 
Samuel,  son  of  Johannu.?  Miller,  died  in  18S1,  leav- 
ing four  children,  viz. :  Harriet,  married  Urias  Car- 
penter; Margaret,  married  Hiram  Frv ;  John,  and 
Curtis  Miller.  The  three  last  named  >till  live  in  Clay 
township. 

The  Weachter  Family. — George  Weachter  was  one 
of  the  ])ioneers  of  what  is  now  Clay  township, 
coming  from  Durlach,  in  Germany.  He  married 
Catharine  Weidman,  and  was  the  fother  of  five  chil- 
dren, viz. :  Frederick  (born  in  1763),  John,  George, 
Elizabeth  (married  Peter  Elser),  Catharine  (married 
Leonard  Illig). 

John  Weachter  was  born   in    17G; 
children, — John,    George,    Lydia    (marrieil 
son  of  Henry  Miller),  Margaret  (marrii-d  Sai 
of  Isaac  Miller),  and  Hannah  (married  San 
ler,  a  blacksmith  by  trade). 

George  Weachter,  sou  of  John,  was  born 
and  had  two  sons,  Jacob  and  George,  and  four  daugh- 
ters, viz. :  Hannah,  married  Joseph  Weidman  ;  Lydia, 
married  Peter  Weidman;  Catharine,  married  David 
Gring;  and  Sarah,  who  married  Peter  Zartman. 
George  now  owns  the  old  mansion  and  farm  jircjperty 
formerly  owned  by  his  father,  great-grandson  nl'  tlie  | 
pioneer  George. 

Weidman  Family  (spelled  and  pronounced  Weii/hl-  1 
man,  also  Weitman). — Martin  Weidman  patented  in  I 
1745  three  hundred  and   eighty-seven  and  one-half 
acres  of  land  that  had  been  surveyed  in  1733  to  Fo- 
ladine  Miller.     Weidman  sold,  in  1757,  one  hundred 
and  seventy-two  and  one-quarter  acres  of  said  tract 


and    had   five 


1792, 


to  Abraham  Brubaker,  who  in  1787  : 
Martin  Nissly,  and  it  is  now  (1833) 
Samuel  Nissly.  The  buildings  on 
tract  were  erected  in  1755,  and  on  I 
under  the  house,  still  standing,  is  tl 
scription,  cut  in  capital  letters: 


Id  the  same  to 
he  projjerty  of 
lis  last-named 


.1755. 


In  17GC,  Martin  Weidman  sold  two  hundred  and 
fourteen  and  one-half  acres  of  land  to  his  son,  Jacob 
Weidman,  who  died  in  1804.  His  sons  were  George, 
John,  Jacob,  Christopher,  Samuel,  and  Peter.  His 
daughters  were  Catharine,  married  Baltzer  Lees; 
Elizabeth,  married  George  Yundt;  Susauua,  married 


Johannus  Elser.  At  present  there  are  living  Joel, 
son  of  George  Weidman  ;  George,  son  of  John  ;  Peter 
and  Henry,  sons  of  Samuel;  David,  Joseph,  Peter, 
and  Emanuel,  sons  of  Peter;  John  Y. ;  two  great- 
grandsons  of  Jacob,  Martin  L.  and  Ward  Weidman. 

Roiiiiij  Family. — Henry  Romig,  Sr.,  came  to  Clay 
township  in  1820,  and  died  in  1843.  He  had  one  son, 
Henry,  now  over  eighty  years  of  age,  who  has  a  soa 
Jacob,  whose  two  sons,  \Villiam  and  Jacob,  are  resi- 
dents of  this  townshij). 

Laher  Family.— Martin  Laber  was  born  in  1738, 
and  finally  located  in  what  is  now  Clay  township, 
and  died  here  in  1823.  He  had  a  son  George,  who 
died  in  Clay  in  1847.  His  two  sons  were  George  and 
Jonas.  Jonas  inherited  the  old  homestead  and  a  large 
tract  of  land.  His  two  children  are  Sarah  and  Mar- 
garet. 

Jlfiit:  Fiiinily.— In  1735,  Ulricli  lientz  warranted  a 
tract  of  ninety-eight  acres  of  land,  for  which  he  re- 
ceived a  patent  in  1748.  In  1753  two  hundred  and 
thirteen  and  three-tjuarter  acres  was  warranted  to 
Christian  Eby,  and  in  176C  the  same  was  patented 
to  Illrich  Bentz,  making  a  total  of  three  hundred  and 
eleven  and  three-quarter  acres,  and  in  1770  he  sold 
to  his  son.  Christian  Bentz,  two  hundred  and  twenty- 
eight  acres  of  the  above  tract.  Christian  died  in 
1790,  when  his  oldest  sorj,  Jacob,  became  owner  of  a 
part  Ihnenl,  and  Lndwig  Bentz  the  balance  of  said 
tract.  The  >,>us  ol  Jacob  l!,_-ntz  wre  Christian, 
Gc.rge,  an.l  Martin.     George  i,  .^till  living. 

Pioneer  Weddings.— In  the  early  history  of  this 
township,  bdnrc  the  era  of  fashionable  ministers  and 
weddings,  the  happy  pair  that  had  become  desirous  of 
being  made  one  would  agree  U|)on  the  time,  as  is  usual 
in  ^ucll  cases,  and  the  place  would  be  under  the 
branches  of  a  large  tree  at  some  point  along  the 
principal  road.  The  minister  would  be  notified  of 
the  time  and  place,  and  thus,  in  the  open  air,  with 
none  but  the  innocent  little  birds  for  witnesses,  Fritz 
and  Katrina,  with  the  benediction  of  "  what  God 
hath  joined  together  let  no  man  put  asunder,"  would 
be  made  hapjiy— for  a  time  at  least. 

Pioneer  Funerals.— Previous  to  1825  there  were  no 
coaches,  carriages,  buggies,  or  spring-wagons  owiieil 
in  what  is  now  Clay  township.  Funerals  were  at- 
tended on  foot,  horseback,  and  in  the  old  Conestogu 
wagon.  There  being  no  such  thing  as  a  fashionable 
hearse,  th,e  remains  of  the  deceased  was  placed  in  one 
of  the  old  Concstogas,  covered  with  white  cloth 
stretched  over  the  high  hows,  and  drawn  by  four 
horses,  the  driver  riding  the  near  wheel-horse,  as  ut 
the  present  day.  After  jjlacing  the  remains  in  the 
Conestoga,  all  the  friends  that  could  would  find  seats 
in  the'wagon,  and  thus  be  conveyed  to  the  burial- 
])lacc.  On  all  such  occasions  wine  and  cake  were 
served  to  all  present  before  leaving  the  house  for  the 
grave. 

Pioneer  Mills,  Taverns,  Stores,  etc.— A  frame 
grist-mill  was  built  in  pioneer  days  on  Middle  Creek 


CLAY    TOWNSHIP 


ros 


by  Peter  Wiland.  It  stood  ;i  sliort  distance  below 
the  present  mill,  and  when  Jacob  Erb  became  the 
owner  in  1787  he  built  the  present  two-story  stone 
mill  building,  when  the  old  mill  building  was  con- 
verted into  a  school-house.  Upon  tlir  ik:ith  ol' Jacob 
Erb,  his  son  Isaac  became  the  ownur  of  the  mill 
I)roperty,  and  in  1820  sold  the  same  to  his  brother, 
John  Erb,  who  carried  on  the  milling  business  until 
1840,  when  he  sold  to  his  son  Iliram,  who  in  18-11 
built  the  saw-mill  adjoining  the  grist-mill,  and  in 
1871  S(dd  the  mill  property  to  Michael  S.  Eberly, 
who  in  1875  added  one  story  to  the  grist-mill,  and  is 
at  present  carrying  on  the  milling  business. 

John  Erb  died  in  18(i2,  leaving  lour  children, — 
Hiram,  John  B.,  Esq.,  of  Lititz,  Henry  B.,  and  Pris- 
cilla,  who  married  George  W.  Steinniitz.  Upon  the 
decease  of  his  father,  Hiram  became  owner  of  the 
brick  mansion,  in  which   he  has  ke|)t  a  store  since 

Near  the  old  grist-mill  was  built  a  tavern-house  by 

Eberly  in  1707,  at  which  place  a  tavern  has  been 

kept  continuously  to  the  present  time,  and  known  as 
the  "  Red  Lion."  The  property  was  owned  by  Jacob 
Erb,  and  by  his  son  John.  The  tavern  property  has 
been  owned  and  kept  as  such  since  18GS  by  George 
W.  Steinmitz. 

The  Weidman  grist-  and  saw-mill  on  Middle  Creek 
was  built  in  1755  by  Christopher  Wei.lmaii,  who 
owned  and  operated  the  mill  till  1811,  when  the  prop- 
erty was  purchased  by  Michael  Shepler.  He  removed 
the  saw-mill  and  built  a  fulling-mill  on  the  site,  which 
he  operated  until  1833,  when  the  property  was  [lur- 
chased  by  James  and  Jesse  Pennabecker,  who  re- 
moved the  fulling-mill  and  erected  a  ritle-barrel  man- 
ufactory, and  in  18G1  Jesse  Pennabacker  rebuilt  the 
grist-mill,  making  it  a  three-story  building,  and  is  in 
operation  at  the  present  tinjc. 

The  Levi  Dreisch  frame  saw-mill  and  bending- 
works,  located  on  Middle  Creek,  was  built  in  187-i, 
destroyed  by  fire  in  1879,  and  rebuilt  in  1880. 

The  Elser  saw-  and  hemp-rolliii--„iill,  located  on 
Middle  Creek,  was  built  by  the  early  settles,  ..n  a 
tractof  one  hundred  and  four  acres  ol  land  warranted 
Jan.  3,  1738,  to  Michael  Kileh.  Kit.-I]  n..t  comply- 
ing with  the  terms  of  the  warrant,  the  l.ind  was  sur- 
veyed iMarch  13,  1749,  for  Martin  W.'idiuan,  anti 
April  2G,  1750,  a  patent  of  the  same  was  granted 
Michael  Shank,  who,  on  April  30, 175it,  conveyed  the 
same  to  Henry  Mock,  who  subsequently  conveyed  to 
Peter  Elser,  who  came  troni  Germany.  Mr.  Elser  held 
the  property  during  his  life.  He  left  four  sons,  George, 
Peter,'Johu,  and  Adam.  After  his  death  his  executors, 
on  Aug.  22, 1788,  conveyed  his  property  to  his  two  sons, 
George  and  Peter  Elser,  and  on  Jan.  10,  1789,  George 
conveyed  his  undivided  part  to  his  brother  Peter, 
who  married  a  IMi.ss  Weachter,  and  carried  on  the 
saw-  and  hemp-mill  until  he  died,  in  1845,  at  the  age 
of  seventy-nine  years.  His  son,  Samuel  ICIser,  then 
became  the  owner,  and  carried  on  the  business  until 


his  decease  in  1879,  and  after  his  death  his  son,  John 
0.,  became  the  owner  of  the  property  and  is  at 
present  carrying  on  the  business. 

Lin(*oln  Mill  is  a  three-story  stone  grist-mill,  lo- 
cated oji  Middle  Creek,  and  was  built  in  1842  by 
Jacob  Wissler.  The  pioneer  at  this  place  ^vas  John 
Jacob  Grail",  who  settled   on  two   hundred  and   two 


,  acres  of  land  by  survey  of  Oct.  30,  1733.  From  him 
[  the  property  passed  to  Andrew  Wissler,  and  from 
Andrew  to  Jacob  Wissler,  and  from  him  to  Christian 
Wissler,  who  died  in  1878,  when  his  son,  Benjamin 
Wissler,  became  the  owner,  and  is  still  conducting 
the  milling  business. 

Eberly's  mill  is  of  stone,  located  on  Middle  Creek, 

and  was  built  in  1774,  on  a  tract  of  one  hundred  and 

I  fifty  acres  of  land  warranted  Jan.  24,  1737,  and  pat- 

I  ented  April  28,  1757,  to  Ulrich  Stealy,  and  sold  the 

j  same  year  to  Jacob  Eberly,  who,  on  Aug.  27,  170G, 

i  obtained  a  patent  for  thirty-one  acres  and  forty-three 

I  perches  of  land  on  Middle  Creek,  and  in  1784  sold 

the  premises  to  Plenry  Eberly.     Henry  Eberly  had 

five  sons, — Jacob,  Samuel,  Henry,  Peter,  David.     In 

1836,   Henry  Eberly,  Jr.,  became  the  owner  of  the 

grist-null,  and  in  1878  conveyed  the  mill  property  to 

'  his  two  dauglilers,  Mrs.  Jolin   B.   Wissler  and  Mrs. 

Israel  W.  Groh. 

Henry  Eberly,  Sr.,  had  a  brother,  Jacob,  who  had 
five  sons, — Joseph,  David,  Samuel,  Jacob,  and  John. 
The  .sons  of  Joseph  Eberly  are  Joseph,  Elias  H., 
'  Levi,  John,  and  Isaac. 

The  sons  of  David  are  Jacob,  Samuel,  John,  and 
David. 
The  sons  of  Jacob  are  Henry  and  Isaac. 
The  sons  of  John  are  Benjamin  and  John  Eberly. 
The  Snyder  Mill.— The  three-story  stone  grist- 
mill located  on  Hammer  Creek  was.  built  in  1813  by 
Michael  Kline.  His  father,  Michael  Kline,  came 
fr<un  Germany,  and  on  Feb.  15,  J 748,  took  out  a  war- 
rant for  one  humlied  and  thirty-seven  acres  of  land 
on  Hammer  Cieek,  and  on  Jan.  2G,  1749,  he  obtained 
a  |.atcnt  lor  the  ^ame.  He  had  fourteen  children. 
His  Mins  uere  Michael,  Nicholas,  George,  Daniel, 
•laioh,  and  Leonard.  Hi-  daughters  were  Gertrude, 
iiiarned  llartman  .Meiiel;  i-'aiiny,  married  Michael 
(>uij;-cll;  ('atharine.  married  (JeorgeWilt;  Magda- 
h-nc,  uiarried  Adam  Dui-cli;  Margaret,  married 
(icorge  ilouuian;  Dorothea,  njarrieil  J(din  Bowman; 
liarbara,  m^irricd  George  (ieigcr;  Su.anna,  married 
John  Brown. 

In  1780,  Nicholas,  his  second  son,  became  possessed 
!  of  the  origiiuil  property,  and  in  1800  sold  the  same 
'  to  his  brother,  Michael  Klein,  who  built  the  mill  in 
:   1813.  and  died  iti  1S42. 

This  iMichael  Kl.in  had  also  fourteen  cliildren. 
i  George,  Michael,  Jacob,  John,  Samuel,  Henry, 
I  Daniel,  William,  David,  and  Joseph  were  the  sons. 
]  The  daughters  were  Julia,  married  to  Ephraim  Car- 


Mc 


atharine,    married    to    Andrew    Welborn  ; 
riud  to  John  Seibert;   I'^lizabetli,  married 


704 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


to  Henrj' Suimny ;  ami  all  Coiutuon  liveil  iinii: 
until  the  yuiliigC'St  child  w:is  iwu  yens  iit  aui-.  < ; 
John,  Henry,  Daniel,  Wiliiani.'un.l  ,lu,ci.h  a 
farms  a.lj<,irrnit?  each  other,  aloii-  near  Ih 
Creek-.  .laeiil.  Uejit  a  tavern  at  the  turn|.ik.- 
briek  house  now  (nvned  hy  Kev.  John  K. 
Jliehael  was  appointed  a  justice  of  tlie  peace  ii 
and  kept  slcjrc  in  the  iVanie  house-  next  to  the  | 
residence  of  San. lie!  Ni.s>ly,  Kscp  In  lS4!i,  , 
became  the  owner  ol'  the  mill  ]>roperty,  and  in  ISi;'.) 
sold  it  to  Geortre  Flory,  who  built  the  saw-mill  ad- 
joining, and  in  1870  sold  the  property  to  A.  B.  Snyder, 
the  present  owner, 

Indiantown  grist- and  saw-mills  were  l.nilt  on  In- 
dian River,  in  ISlili,  hy  Isaac,  son  of  .l.din  Krh,  who 
sold  the  property  in  1832  to  Jacob  Jlershberger.  Mr. 
Hcrshberger  made  some  additions  to  the  mill,  and 
subsequently  sold  to  John  Ohejlin.  The  ne.xt  owner 
was  Samuel  Millirjger,  and  alter  his  dceca-c  in  ISMI 
William  Stober  became  the  owner.  In  l.ssii  he  put 
in  steam-power  and  otherwi-e  improved  the  nulls, 
and  is  the  present  owner. 

Martin  Weidi.ian  kept  a  store  in  the  house  now 
owned  by  M.  L.  Weidmaji  from  18:33  until  185;',  when 
his  son,"S.  l\  A.  Weidman,  ke[it  the  old  store  until 
1875,  when  lie  died. 

A  tavern  was  kept  at  the  turnpike  in  the  house 
now  owned  by  Zaeharias  Furry  lor  tiearly  or  quite 
thirty-three  years.  The  landlords  were  Henry  Stut- 
enroth,  George  KIser,  and  lastly  by  John  Elser  in 
1837.  The  tavern  now  ke[,t  hy  H.  K.  Wealand  was 
first  occupied  as  a  liotel  in  18iJU. 

Land-Owners  in  1828.— The  land-owners  of  what 
is  now  Clay  township,  and  located  on  the  south  side 
of  the  l>(jwningtown,  lOjdirata  and  Harrisburg  turn- 
pike, in  11S28,  were: 


ried  : 

D.ivl.l  Fliu.t,;. 

S.b.,»lia,.  Ouukley. 

i."e, 

Jiicob  llillly. 

had 

Jul.n  llilisln.ian. 

mer 

Jifcob  II>.ck,T. 

the 

Jao.,1,  IIu.-=l.i-.i;el,iHille.. 

0.,.,w;l|li;;,|,>„„.„. 

G™,t;>.-  I.ubcT. 

MS, 

Sai.i.H-l  Hilk-r,  bhicliBmitl, 

^ 

.Tulii.  sun.T. 

C.Mirud  Mentz.r. 

eph 

G.-i.rgu  1111.1  Jucub  Mbntzer 

Justices  of  the  Peace.— The  territory  now  em- 
justices  of  the  peace: 

Peter  Martin,  Sr.,  was  appointed  a  justice  of  the 
peace  Dec.  22,  1791,  by  Governor  Tl.'omas  Milllin, 
"  tor  so  long  as  he  behaves  himself  well."  He  held 
the  ollicc  until  1834,  in  the  house  uow  owned  by  John 
V.  Weidman,  where  he  died  in  1841,  aged  eiiihtv-fuur 


!        Michael  Kline  wah 

'  about  the  year  1818. 

Christopher  Hentz 

j       Samuel  Eberly  wa 


And 


Shi 


ed  in  1830. 

n  1827  by  Governor 

he  behaves  himself 


d  in  1833. 

)I)ointed  in   1835  by  Gov- 

ivas  the  last  appointment 

to   the  adoption  of  the 


Siiiuucl  .A|.|.c-I. 
Henry  Ai.i.l-1. 
lieiijiiniiii  liwilint'. 
IVter  uiid  Ahdiun 

Bollinger. 
Jaculi  llultitiger. 
Pelcr  liolliiigor. 


Mitli 


Oil  the  north  side  of  the  turnpike  were  the  foil 
ing  inhabitants: 

Uujilel  RnibaUtT  SiUiiuel  Kl.eily,  Ks.|. 

U>.v.  Abn.bi.n,  111  ubaliei  IK-iiiy  Ebt-ily,  Sr.,  uiillei 


Albright  U,-ysBr. 
Duiilel  Ili»«ler. 
George  Doiuinyor. 
Siii.iiiel  Kb.ily. 
JuUL-ph  Eboily. 


Jidin  Elser  was  api 

Peter  Martin,  Jr.,  v 
ernor  George  Wolf, 
in   this   towushi|)   pre 
Constitution  of  1838. 

The  elections  by  the  people  have  been  as  follows: 
1840,  Peter  Martin,  Jr.,  and  Christian  Benlz;  1845, 
I'eter  Martin,  Jr.,  and  John  B.  Erh;  1850,  John  B. 
Erb  and  Samuel  Nissly  ;  1855-75,  Samuel  Nkssly  and 
Samuel  Eberly;  1880,  Samuel  Nissly  and  Henry  H. 
Bingaman. 

Indiantown  Mennonite  Meeting-House  was  built 
in  181'J  on  eighty  ].erchcs  of  land  donated  by  Abra- 
ham Brubaeher.  The  building  committee  were  Dan- 
iel Brubacher,  John  Wenger,  and  John  Bell.  The 
pastors  at  that  time  were  Abraham  Brubacher,  John 
Hess,  and  Christian  Risser.  Christian  Risser  died  in 
182G,  wdien  Christian  Bomberger  succeeded  him,  and 
moved  out  of  the  district  in  1848,  when  another 
Christian  Bomberger  succeeded  him.  John  lltas 
died  in  1830,  when  Benjamin  Eby  succeeded  him. 
Benjamin  Eby  moved  out  of  the  district  in  18G6, 
when  John  R.  Hess  succeeded  him.  Abraham  Bru- 
bacher died  in  1851,  when  John  Ri.sser  succeeded 
him,  and  he  died  in  1873.  Christian  S.  Risser  suc- 
ceeded .liim  in  1874.  Present  pastors  are  Christian 
Bomberger,  John  R.  Ile.ss,  and  Christian  S.  Risser. 
Meetings  are  held  every  four  weeks.  Previous  to  the 
year  1819  meetings  were  held  every  eight  weeks  in 
inivato  houses, — at  Daniel  Brubaker's  (now  Isaac 
Brubaker's)  at  Indian  Run,  and  at  Jacob  Wissler's 


CLAY   TOWNSHIP. 


and   Jacob   Hacknian's   at   Middle   Creek,    iu    Clay  [ 
to\vnslii|).  i 

United  Brethren  Meeting-House,  near  Newtown,  ! 
known  as  •' Paradise  Chiireh,"  was  built  by  tlie  United 
Brethren  in  1.S47.  Building  committee  and  trustees, 
Jesse  Paninibecker,  Joseph  Snyder,  and  Gideon  Weid- 
man.  Pastor  at  tliat  time,  Simon  Nolt;  afterwards 
Siegrist  Landis,  Kaull'man  Ciders,  and  others.  Ite- 
ligioiis  meetings  are  held  every  two  weeks.  Present 
trustees,  John  H.  Miller,  Jacob  Hacknian.and  David 
Eberly.  Free  school  was  kept  in  the  basement  until 
1880,  when  a  new  scbo(il-house  was  built  in  Newtown 
by  the  township.  Sclwxd-teachers,  Charles  .Vnstead, 
Samuel  Zentniver,  P.  P.  Ilibslmian,  William  Enck, 
and  David  S.  Enck. 

Sandstone  Meeting-House,  known  as  Ileinecke's, 
was  built  by  subscripticin  on  land  purcliased  from 
Jacob  Frantz,  in  about  the  year  ISOO.  Jlembers  from 
the  United  Brethren  for  some  reason  took  an  interest 
in  the  same,  and  called  themselves  in  German  •'  Al- 
gemeine  Bruiler."  The  church  was  built  for  all  re- 
ligious denonuMations  who  contributed  to  build  the 
same,  with  one  exception.  Elias  Wolf,  Benjamin 
Heinecke,  and  Levi  Enck  were  trustees  and  building 
couimittce.  The  German  Baptists  hold  meetings  iu 
this  churdi  every  twelve  weeks.  Previous  to  about 
1835  the  German  Baptists  held  their  meetings  in  pri- 
vate houses.  Meetings  were  held  every  twelve  weeks 
at  the  house  of  Rev.  Jacob  Pfaulz,  also  at  Peter  Bol- 
linger's and  Jacob  Bollinger's,  then  residing  along 
Middle  Creek. 

Wood  Corner  School-House  was  originally  built 
in  1813,  by  Jacob  Hentz,  I'eter  Bentz,  8r.,  Peter  Bol- 
linger, and  Peter  Martin,  on  tlie  road  leading  frojn 
the  turnpike  to  Halloc-ker's  mill,  on  land  owned  by 
Jacob  Bentz,  for  which  be  paid  £32  towards  the  build- 
ing of  the  school-bous,-,  P.ter  Bentz  £2.5,  Peter  Bol- 
linger £18,  Peter  Martin  £17,  total  £'J2,  or,  in  our 
currency,  $240.33.  Jacob  Bentz,  by  deed  dated  Feb. 
15,  1815,  conveyed  the  ground  on  which  tiie  school- 
house  stood  to  Peter  Bentz,  Sr.,  one-fourth  part 
thereof,  to  Peter  Bollinger  one-eighth  part,  and  to 
Peter  Martin  one-eighth  jiart  thereof,  for  the  usa  of  a 
«cliool-house  and  mecti[ig-buuse  for  all  Christian  de- 
nominatious,  and  fur  mu  olh(M-  u^e  or  purpose  whatso- 
ever. 

After  the  passage  of  the  free-school  system  act  by  the 
Slate  Legislature  and  its  adoption  by  the  peojde,  the 
old  school-house  and  grounds  were  not  of  sufKcient 
capacity  to  accommodate  the  pupils  in  the  district, 
and  the  original  owners  having  deceased,  upon  peti- 
tion an  act  of  Assembly  was  pa.ssed  and  approved 
March  21),  1859,  authorizing  Peter  Martin,  the  younger, 
Martin  Weidman,  and  Elias  Stober,  trustees  of  said 
district  and  of  the  school  property,  to  sell  the  same, 
and  apply  the  proceeds  of  such  sale  in  improving  tlie 
.site  on  which  a  new  school-hoHse  had  been  erected  by 
the  township  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  highw.iy 
from  the  old  one.  The  new  school  bouse  was  built 
45 


in   1858,  on  sixty    perches  of  land  purchased    from 
Christian  Bentz.   The  school  directors  were  Jonathan 
Kratz,   Elias  Enck,   John   Lowry,  Jacob    Bollinger, 
Samuel  Elser,  and  Elias  Wcdf 
Miller  School-House  was  built  by  the  township, 

on  forty  ferches  oMaii.l  purchased  from  Peter  Miller, 
in  1849.  School  directors,  Samuel  Shcnk,  Christian 
Risser,  Martin  Wcidmau,  lliram  Erb,  John  Keller, 
and  Gabriel  Bacr. 

Swamp  School-House  was  built  by  the  township, 
on  forty  |)erchcs  of  land  purchased  from  Robert  and 
George  Dawson  Coleman,  in  1850.  School  directors 
the  same  as  in  184!). 

Fairview  School-House  was  built  by  the  town- 
ship, on  forty  perches  of  land  purchased  from  J(jna- 
than  Kraatz,  in  1855.  School  directors,  Martin  Bentz, 
Peter  Martin,  Elias  Stober,  Benjamin  Bollinger,  Jacob 
Eichelberger,  and  J(.hn  Keller. 

Fetter  School-House  was  built  by  the  township, 
on  sixty  perches  ol'  land  purchased  from  George  Fet- 
ter, in  181)0.  School  <lirectors,  John  Lowry,  Samuel 
Elser,  Peter  Fidler,  Elias  ^\'olf,  Samuel  Eberly,  and 
Jacob  S.  PLieker. 

Sunnyside  School-House  was  built  by  the  town- 
ship, on  eiglity  perclies  of  land  purchased  from  John 
H.  Brubaker,  in  ISlJS.  School  directors,  John  H. 
Miller,  Abraham  B.  Snyder,  Jacob  Romig,  Jacob 
Roehrer,  Jacob  B.  Wissler,  and  Samuel  Burk- 
liolder. 

Newtown  School-House  was  built  by  the  town- 
shij),  on  forty  perclies  of  laud  purchased  from  John 
n.  Miller,  in  1880.  School  directors,  William  K. 
Furlow,  Samuel  S.  Wolf,  Andrew  Weidman,  Hiram 
Bollinger,  Jacob  S.  Hacker,  and  Jacob  Hackman, 
School  directors  in  1883,  William  K.  Furlow,  Samuel 
S.  Wolf,  Andrew  Weidman,  Hiram  Bollinger,  Jacob 
S.  Hacker,  and  Hiram  L.  Erb. 

Durlach  School-House  «as  erected  on  seventy- 
five  perches  of  lami  which  George  Illig  and  wife,  by 
deed  dated  May  fo,  a.d.  1800,  conveyed  to  John  Erb 
and  Jacob  Eberly,  in  trust  for  the  Mennonite  Society, 
and  to  Christopher  Miller  and  Jacob  Wcidmau,  Jr., 
in  trust  for  the  Lutheran  Society,  for  the  use  of  a 


it-n 


un  kc 


Present  trustees,  Jacob  B.  Hackman,  Jacob  S.  Bru- 
baker, Jacob  R<,mig,  and  David  Miller. 

Durlach  Post-Office  was  established  in  1840  at  the 
house  then  oecu|iicd  by  John  Elser,  on  the  turnpike 
from  Downingtown  to  Harrisburg,  with  Harrison 
Elser  as  |iostmastcr.  The  mail  was  delivered  at  this 
office  three  times  a  week  by  the  old  "mail  carrier," 
who  was  proprietor  of  a  two-horse  coach,  with  which 
he  perlornied  the  wonderful  task  of  transporting  a 
large  jjortion  of  the  passenger  traffic  between  the  two 
lioints   above    named.     When  the  Reading  and  Co- 


imliia  ' 


to 


Brickervi 


Dur 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


times  per  week.     Tlie  oflice  is  now  Icept  in  the  store 
of  H.  S.  Eberly,  wlio  is  iilso  the  jireseiit  postmaster. 

Clay  Post-dffice  was  established  in  1873  at  the 
house  ofGeortje  W.  Steiiinietz,  on  the  Hinipike,  witli 
Emanuel  Wcidman  as  postmaster,  who  held  the  office 
until   1870,  when  Hiram   E.  Steiiiiiietz,  the  present 


postmaster,  was  appointed,  and  receives  the  mail  six 
times  per  week  IVom  I'^phrata.  | 

Clay  Lodge,  No.  915,  I.  0.  of  0.  F.,  was  instituted 
in  1875,  with  the  lolluwijig-named  charter  members: 
Samuel  M.  Jacoby,  Martin  Romig,  J.  Y.  Kline,  M.D., 
Henry  Mellinger,  Peter  0.  Elser,  Solomon  Eberly, 
AVilliam  Romig,  P.  G.,  Fraidclin  Staid,  John  M. 
Jacoby,  and  J.  H.  Roher.  Tlie  regular  meetings  of 
this  lodge  are  held  on  Saturday  evening  of  each  week 
in  "Kline  Hall,"  built  in  1874  by  Dr.  J.  Y.  Kline. 
The  otHcers  in  July,  1883,  were:  P.  li.  Kofrotli,  N.  G. ; 
H.  13.  Keller,  Esq.,  V.  G. ;  William  Romig,  Sec;  J. 
G.  Keener,  Asst.  Sec. ;  J.  0.  Elser,  Treas. 


KlOGRArillCVL     SKETCHES. 


IlIli.^M  KUH. 
The  Erb  family  is  one  of  the  old-stock  families  of 
Lancaster  County.  Jacob,  the  great-grandfather  of 
the  subject  of  this  sketch,  came  witli  his  father  from 
Switzerland  in  the  year  1728,  wdien  four  years  of  age, 
and  resided  at  :in  early  day  near  Hammer  Creek,  in 
"Warwick  tcjwnsliip.  .\bout  the  year  1782  he  removed 
to  what  is  now  Clay  village,  in  Clay  township,  where 
he  i)urchaseil  five  or  si.\  hundred  acres  of  land,  in- 
clu<ling  the  mill  privileges  at  that  point,  and  made  a 
permanent  settlement.  He  operated  the  mill  at  Clay, 
and  another  one  a  little  higher  up,  on  Jliddle  Creek, 
besides  engaging  in  the  arduous  duties  of  pioneer  agri- 
culture. In  religious  ad'airs  he  belonged  to  tiie  IMen- 
nonite  persuasion  until  the  breaking  out  of  the  Revo- 
lutionary war;  but  at  that  time  feeling  that  the  non- 
resistant  principles  of  the  society  were  <letrimental  to 
the  preservation  of  the  essential  liberties  of  tiie  peo- 
ple, he  withdrew  from  the  connection  and  warmly  suj)- 
ported  the  struggle  for  national  independence.  After 
the  close  of  the  war  he  represented  his  district  in  the 
Legislature  of  the  State,  lie  was  jiossesscd  of  adeep, 
reflective  mind,  good  JnilLMiient,  and  a  jirogressive 
spirit.  He  died  in  1810,  :a  the  advanced  age  of 
eighty-three  years.  His  wife  was  a  .Miss  Johns,  who 
bore  him  two  sons  and  several  daughters.  The  names 
of  the  former  were  John  and  Christian.  The  latter 
occupied  the  old  family  seat  in  Warwick  during  his 
life-time,  and  his  descendants  are  still  to  be  found  in 
that  locality.  John  was  the  grandfather  of  the  subject 
of  this  paper.  At  the  age  of  si.xteen  he  entered  the 
service  of  his  country,  and  served  for  three  years  as  a 
teamster  during  llie.]{ev(dutionary  war.  He  sul.-,-- 
quently  resided  at  ('lay,  where  lieoperalc<l  both  ol  llie 


mills  owned  by  his  father  and  cultivated  the  homestead 
fiirm.  He  was  a  prominent  and  influential  man,  and 
was  tiie  founder  of  tlie  school  at  Clay  (then  Durlach 
Post-yffice),  andaetivein  religious  affairs.  Hemarrieil 
Judith  Hull,  and  liad  a  large  family  of  children,  viz.: 
Jacob,  J(?ljn,  David,  Isaac,  Samuel,  Joseph,  .Alolly 
(who  married  Abraham  Erb  and  emigrated  to  Can- 
ada), Elizabeth  (who  became  the  wife  of  Michael 
Shepler),  Nancy  (who  married  Abraham  Rear),  and 
Catharine  (who  became  the  wife  of  Joseph  Weidman). 

John  Erb,  father  of  our  subject,  born  Nov.  3,  178G, 
also  passed  his  life  at  Clay,  where  he  engaged  in  farm- 
ing, milling,  and  in  keeping  a  public-house.  He  was 
a  i)rominent  member  of  the  Old-Line  Whig  party, 
and  during  the  Anti-JIasonie  excitement  served  as  • 
one  of  the  commissioners  of  Lancaster  County.  lie 
married  Barbara  Bergelbach,  and  his  children  were 
Hiram,  John  B.,  Henry  B.  (deceased),  and  Priscilla 
Cecilia  (deceased,  wife  of  George  W.  Steinmetz,  a 
merchant  at  Clay).  He  died  in  1SG2,  in  the  seventy- 
sixth  year  of  his  age. 

Hiram,  eldest  son  of  John  Erb,  was  born  at  the 
up|)er  mill  privilege,  in  Clay,  on  April  11,  1810.  He 
enjoyed  only  a  common-school  educatiim,  and  at  the 
age  of  nineteen  embarked  in  the  milling  business,  at 
the  old  family  site  established  by  his  great-grand- 
father, and  continued  in  that  vocation  for  the  long 
period  of  forty  years.  He  also  engaged  in  farming 
pursuits  on  a  portion  of  the  original  family  tract,  of 
wdiicli  he  now  owns  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres,  at 
Clay.  In  the  year  18G9  he  formed  a  partnership  with 
liis  son,  Hiram  L.  Erb,  and  under  the  name  and  style 
of  Hiram  Erb  &  Son,  established  a  general  store  at 
Richland,  Lebanon  Co.  In  the  spring  of  1875  the 
business  was  removed  to  Clay,  where  the  firm  have 
since  continued  to  trade.  Jlr.  Erb  was  postmaster  at 
Clay  (then  Durlach)  for  four  years,  having  been  ap- 
pointed by  President  Taylor.  He  was  originally  an 
ardent  Republican,  an  intimate  acquaintance  of  Hon. 
Thaddeus  Stevens,  and  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Republican  party  of  his  section.  In  1872,  out  of  nil- 
miration  for  the  life  and  character  of  Horace  Greeley, 
he  supported  the  Democratic  nominees  for  the  Presi- 
dency, and  has  since  acted  independently  in  politics. 
He  served  as  a  school  director  at  the  time  free 
schools  were  made  geiier;il,  lur  three  Years,  and  Ikw 
always  lent  a  cheerful  sujiport  to  the  various  evan- 
gelical and  jirogressive  movements  of  his  time.  He 
married  on  Jlay  16,  1839,  Catharine  Lehn,  widow  of 
John  S.  Bear.  Hiram  L.  Erb,  the  sole  i.ssue  of  the 
union,  was  born  on  Nov.  24.,  1840.  He  was  raised  in 
milling  and  farming,  but  in  consequence  of  failing 
health  entered  the  mercantile  business  with  his  father 
in  18(19,  and  has  since  remained  a  member  of  (he  liriii 
of  Hiram  Erb  &  S,.n.  His  polil,i,-al  e:ireer  has  been 
similar  to  that  of  his  father.  He  represents  his  dis- 
trict in  the  Democratic  County  Committee  at  the 
lirescnt  time,  and  is  also  a  member  of  the  schoul 
board  of  his  townshii).    He  enjoys  an  excellent  repn- 


^^^^/^c   Z?/^^ 


s««SJn' 


\^ 


\ 


■^^%~ 


J^  S^ec^4^, 


CLAY    TOWNSHIP. 


707 


tfttion  in  his  locality.  IK 
Salinda,  daughter  of  Willi 
of  Lebanon  County,  ami  li 
Laura  and  Salinda  Erb. 


■:XKY   .S. 


rried 

N. 

V.  24,  1803, 

md   I 

.VK-\ 

A.  Becker, 

.lid 

cii,— JLsses 

;abc-tli 
l.dlatli 


iiiU- 

-niacliine,  and  in 
arriod  Catharine, 
Wike,  of  Lebanon 
of  a  merchant  at 
a  prominent  man 
;hout  hi=  life,  and 
ener  transacted  a 
■tiii!,'  freL|Ucntly  as 
friends,  and  man- 


CKLY 

Henry  S.  Eberly  was  born  in   Kl 
(now  Clay),  on  Auj;.  C,  ISaO.     lljsg, 
Eberly,  settled  in  the  neighbcjrhuud  of  wl 
Durlach  at  an  early  day,  where  he  engage 
ing,  farming,  ojierating  a   card' 
distilling.      Samuel,   his   father 
daughterof  John  A.aiidCathar 
County,  and  pursued  the  bush) 
Durlach  for  many  years.     He  v 
in  the  township  and  county  tin 
as  a  justice  of  the  peace  and  si 
large  amount  of  public  iiusines.- 
the  adviser  and  counselor  of  1 
aging  a  great  many  estates. 

Henry  S.  Eberly  received  his  earlier  education  at 
the  district  schools  of  his  neighborhood,  subsequently 
attending  the  acadcjny  at  Lititz.  He  began  his  active 
business  life  in  1846  and  1847,  during  which  time  he 
clerked  in  the  store  of  Hays  &  Long,  at  Mount  Joy. 
Li  1818  he  entered  his  father's  store  at  Durlach, 
where  he  remained  uniil  .Vpiil,  ISilii,  at  which  time 
he  began  trade  on  hi>  own  aurount  on  the  same  site, 
where  he  has  since  continued  to  do  business.  Be- 
sides his  mercantile  pursuits  he  is  engaged  in  farm- 
ing and  in  raising  and  buying  tobacco.  Altlunigh  a 
stanch  Republican  in  jiolilics,  and  one  of  the  inllu- 
enlial  leaders  of  his  party,  he  has  seldom  aspired  to 
public  oflice.  The  only  time  when  he  has  permit- 
ted his  name  to  come  before  the  people  was  in 
1875,  wdien  he  was  elected  by  a  large  majority  treas- 
urer of  Lancaster  County,  filling  the  ollice  in  an  in- 


telligent and  capable  manner 
served  as  a  delegate  to  the  Cincinnati 
which  nominated  Hayes  ami  Wheeler 
dency  and  Vice-Presidency.  Hewa,  ] 
Durlach  from  March,  KSiil,  nnlil  his 
county  treasurer.     In   many  rcsptcls  he 


e  y. 


He 


his  1 


the 


ecutor,  guardian,  ami  a.lmiiiistralor  in  many  ca 
and  being  held  in  general  respect  and  esteem  for 
affability  of  manner  and  the  iiitegrity  and  uprighti 
of  his  character.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of 
Ephrata  National  JJank,  and  has  since  been  a  m^ 
ber  of  the  board  of  directors  of  that  institution. 
is  also  one  of  the  directors  of  the  Northern  Mul 
Fire  Li.suranue  Company,  of  Lancaster  County, 
cated  at  Ephrata,  and  a  <lirector  of  ttie  Lanca 
County  JIail  Insurance  Ci-mpany,  at  Lititz. 
married  Salinda,  daughter  of  Judge  llibshman 
Lebanon  County,  for  many  years  connected  willi 
Treasury  Department,  at  Washington,  and  has 
children  living,  viz.,  Lily  P.  and  Albert  H.  Eber 


liKN.TAMIN  WLSSLER. 
The  great-great-grandfather  of  the  subject  of  this 
sketch  embarked  from  Germany  for  Philadelphia  with 
his  wife  about  the  year  1720,  but  on  the  voyage  over 
was  impressed  into  the  naval  service  by  a  vessel  of 
war,  together  with  the  <Jther  able-bodied  men  on  the 
ship.  His  wife  proceeded  on  her  journey  to  Phila- 
delphia, and  after  his  teini  of  service  expired  he  fol- 
lowed her  to  that  city,  when  he  accidentally  found 
1  her  engaged  in  carrying  two  pails  of  milk  for  a 
farmer  in  Germantown.  He  also  took  service  with  a 
farmer  in  the  same  locality,  and  they  passed  the  re- 
mainder of  their  lives  together.  Their  son,  Andrew 
Wissler',  letl  by  that  peculiar  fate  which  so  ofteu 
directs  the  aims  and  purposes  of  man,  removed  to 
Lancaster  Cminty,  Pa.,  where  he  entered  the  employ 
of  Jacob  Grolf,  an  extensive  farmer,  in  what  is  now 
Clay  township,  and  in  1707  married  the  only  daugh- 
ter of  his  employer,  through  whom  he  became  the 
owner  of  the  old  Grotf  homestead,  which  was  taken 
up  in  1724  by  John  Jacob  Grotf,  his  wife's  grand- 
father. The  old  homestead,  although  divided  into 
four  farms  by  Jacob  Wissler  (son  of  Andrew),  has 
been  in  the  continuous  ])ossession  of  the  family  since 
that  early  period,  and  is  now  owned  by  Levi  H. 
Wi.ssler. 

Andrew  AVissler'  liad  two  s(ms,  John  and  Jacob\ 
of  whom  the  former  died  unmarried.  Jacob'  mar- 
ried Anna,  daughter  of  Christian  Eby,  in  the  year 
ISUO,  and  had  a  family  often  children,  viz.,  Andrew-, 
who  removed  to  JMichigan  where  he  died;  Jacob-; 
Christian  ;  Magdalena,  who  married  Jacob  Landes, 
of  Ephrata  township;  Ezra,  the  only  one  surviving, 
living  at  BrunnerviUe;  John  ;  Catharine;  Mary,  who 
married  Levi  Erb,  of  Warwick;  Levi;  and  Samuel. 
Jacob  Wissler'  was  a  firm  and  energetic  man,  and 
is  known  to  have  made  three  separate  journeys  to 
Can'ada  during  his  life-time  on  horseback.  Although 
a  Mennonite,  he-did  not  wholly  ignore  the  law  of 
self-defense,  and  the  cane  is  still  in  the  possession  of 
the  subject  of  this  sketch,  with  which  he  defended 
himself   against  the  attack  of  an   Imlian   upon  one  of 

Christian  \Vissler,  father  of  Benjamin,  was  born 
on  Jan.  14,  1S0.3.  He  occupied  a  portion  of  the  old 
Grolf  homestead,  some  sixty-four  acres,  at  what  is 
now  Wissler's  Mill,  in  Clay  township,  whicii  he  built 
in  1843.  He  engaged  in  farming  until  the  erectiou 
of  the  null,  after  which  date  he  devoted  his  time 
principally  to  milling  until  his  death  on  Nov.  11, 
1878^  He  married,  Oct.  25,  1831,  Anna,  daughter  of 
Rev.  Jacob  Hostetler,  a  Mennonite  preacher,  and  had 
a  family  of  four  children,  viz.,  Elizabeth,  who  mar- 
ried Sailiuel  B.  Myers,  and  removed  to  Virginia, 
wdiere  she  now  lives,  having  married  Jacob  Lantz 
for  her  second  husband,  after  the  death  of  Jlr.  Myers; 
Benjamin;  Jacob,  ^^Uo  resided  in  xXorth  Carolina, 
and  is  engaged  in  the  iron  business;  and  Mary  A., 
!  wife  of  Henry  Hershey,  of  Harrisburg,  Pa. 


TOS 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Benjamin  Wissler  was  born  at  the  old  lionieste;i(l  on 
Oct.  5, 1838.  He  enjoyed  only  a  common  school  edu- 
cation, and  in  early  life  learned  the  trade  of  a  miller 
with  his  father.  In  1802  he  enlisted  for  nine  m.milis 
in  the  United  States  army  for  the  sii]iiire-Mun  nl'  the 
llebellion,  and  was  elected  second  lienleiumt  of  Co. 
F,  One  Hundred  and  Seventy-ninth  llej^iment  of 
Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  serving  in  the  lield  for  the 
full  term  of  his  enlistment.  In  March,  1804,  he 
married  Susanna,  daughter  of  S.'unuel  and  Eliza 
(Wise)  Fry,  of  Millport,  Pa.,  and  in  April  of  the 
same  year  entered  ujion  the  milling  business  on  his 
own  account,  in  which  he  has  since  continued  to 
engage.  In  1870  he  united  with  the  late  S.  P.  A. 
Weidman,  of  Clay  township,  in  the  manufacture  of 
millstones,  and  continued  to  do  business  as  Weidman 
&  Wissler  until  the  deatii  of  the  former,  in  1875.  He 
subsequently  admitted  the  late  Henry  B.  Erb  into 
partnership  with  him,  and  continued  the  business 
under  the  firm-name  of  Wissler  &  Erb,  until  the  de- 
mise of  the  latter  in  1877,  -^ince  which  time  he  has 
successfully  luir.-ued  tlie  l)ii>ineso  alone.  In  1881  he 
became  associated  with  C.  W.Myers,  of  Lincoln,  Pa., 
and  under  the  name  and  style  of  Myers  &  Wissler 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  cigars,  purchasing 
and  packing  their  own  leaf.  This  business  connec- 
tion still  continues.  Mr.  Wissler  has  led  an  active 
and  successful  business  life,  and  is  held  in  general 
respect  in  his  native  county.  He  has  always  felt  a 
deep  interest  in  politics,  and  acted  in  strict  accord 
with  the  principles  and  policy  of  the  Republican 
party.  Upon  two  occasions  he  permitted  his  name 
to  be  oflered  for  nomination  for  the  office  of  county 
register,  but  was  defeated  each  time  by  a  small  ma- 
jority, largely  because  he  firmly  refused  to  pledge 
himself  to  carry  out  any  defined  line  of  appointments, 
or  to  enter  upon  his  oliice  with  any  entangling  alli- 
ances. He  has  ever  felt  a  w.irm  interest  in  all  move- 
ments of  a  progrr— ive  and  elevating  character,  and  is 
recognized  as  one  u\'  tlic  eiilrrprising  citizens  of  lii> 
townsliip.  He  has  thixe  aiildren,— viz  ,  Mi-s  Klla 
E.,  ('hri>lian  Frv,  and  ^^;^^uel  Lincoln  Wi^-ler. 


SIMON  P.  A.  WEIBMAN. 
The  ancestry  of  the  Weidman  family,  <jf  Lancaster 
County,  can  be  traced  back  to  the  year  17.'53,  at  which 
time  Jlartin  Weidman  received  a  patent  from  Wil- 
liam Penn  and  his  associates  for  three  hundred  and 
eighty-five  acres  of  land  situate  in  what  is  now  Clay 
township..  The  date  of  the  conveyance  is  Oct.  0, 
1733,  and  the  consideration  named  therein  fifty-nine 
pounds,  nineteen  ^hillings,  and  .sixpence.  This  was 
the  common  ancestor  of  the  family  in  this  country. 
He  emigrated  from  Durlacli,  Germany,  and  was  one  uf 
the  pioneers  of  Lancaster  County.  He  had  two  son^, 
Christopher  and  Jacob,  and  a  daughter,  wlio  manied 


John   Weachter.     The   former  settled  at  New  IIol- 
hiiiil,   Lanca>ter   Co.,   and   was    the   ancestor  of  the 
Weidmans   of    that   section.      Jacob    resided    wliere 
,Iacol»  S.  Brubaker  now  lives,  in  Clay  lownslnp.     lie 
married  Barbara   Hover,  .and  liad  ten  children,  viz., 
(leorge,  Christoplier,  .Marliii,  John,  Jacob',  Samuel, 
Peter,  Catharine  (wlio  married  a  Lies),  Lizzie  (who 
became   the  wife  of  George   Yundt),  Susanna   (wlio 
married    John    Elser,   of  Harrisburg),   and    Barbara 
(who  married  a  Mr.  Zeigler). 
'      Jacob-  Weidman,  son  of  Jacob',  was  the  grand- 
;  father  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch.     He  also  had  a 
family  of  ten  children,  namely,  William,  Catharine 
(who  married  John  Mentzer),  Elizabeth  (  wdio  nmr- 
ried    John    Shenk),    Susanna   (wdio    married    Henry 
Romig),    Jacob    (who   died,  leaving   two   children), 
Sally,  who  married  Jlr.  Fisher).  Martin,  Polly  (who 
became  Jlrs.  Nye),  George,  and  Fanny  (who  married 
a  Ilocker). 
I       JIartin  Weidman,  father  of  our  subject,  engaged  in 
mercantile  |)Ursuits  during  the  greater  portion  of  his 
life,  first  at  Earlvilie  for  two  years,  and  subseciuently 
at  West  Lincoln,  Clay  township,  where  he  was  in 
trade  for  many  years.     He  married   Lydii;  Yundt, 
I  and  had  a  fanuly  of  six  children,  viz.,  Jacob  Jlartin, 
I  Simon  P.  A.,  John  Y.,  .Sarah  (who  married  .Martin 
i  Steinmetz,  of  Ephrata  townshij)),  Lydia  (who  became 
I  the  wife  of  John  B.  Eshleinan,  of  Minkletown),  and 
;  Susan  E.,  wife  of  Rev.  Stephen  Seliweitzer,  of  Lin- 
coln, Pa. 

Simon    P.   A.    Weidman,   to    wliom    this   paper   is 
I  dedicated,  was  born  at  the  family  seat  in  Clay  town- 
I  ship  on  Oct.  2-1,  1833.     His  earlier  education  wa^  de- 
rived at  the  common  schools  of  the  township,  and  his 
final  studies  were  i)ursued    at    the   Lititz  Academy. 
For  a  number  of  years  he  a~-istiil-  lii>  father  in  the 
store  at  West  Lincoln,  and  al.out   IS.'.T  he  succeeded 
!  to  thebusiiie<s.      He  remained  in  active  and  success- 
ful tra.lr  at  West.Lincoln  until   bis  demi.xe,  on  April 
l:;,    1S7.3.      He   conlined    him-elf  ilo-ely    to   liis  busi- 
nes-~,  and  wa-  nevrr  an  a-|.iiant  after  public  iio>iti()n. 
For  several   yr:ir-   lo-   »as  a-.ociated   witli   Benjamin 
Wl^^le^  in   the  inanur.ntnre   and  .-^ale  of  millstones, 
j  under  the  firm-name  of   Weidman  &   Wissler.     lie 
i  led  a  quiet  and  industrious  life,  and  was  held  in  gen- 
I  eral  respect  for  his   integrity  and   uprightness,     lie 
gave   liberally   of  his   means   to   the   support  of  all 
worthy  enterprises,  whether  of  a  material  or  spiritual 
character,  and  strove  by  every  means  in  bis  power  to 
I  perforin  the  full  duty  of  a  good  citizen.    Cut  down  in 
I  the  prime  of  his  life  and  in  the  midst  of  his  useful- 
ness, his  early  demise  was  attended  with   universal 
I  regret.     He   married,   on    Nov.   10,   1858,   Mary   A., 
,  daughter  of  J^cob  and  Magdalena  Landis,  of  Ephrata 

L.  Weidman,  teller  in  the  Ephrata  National  Bank. 


a'^/y^a^y 


tJJ^ 


M Ccc^i'^v^^^^-'tJiy^ 


.^  ' 


ii 


EAST    COCALICO   TOWNSHIP. 


709 


GEORGB  W.  STEINMETZ. 
The  original  ancestor  of  the  Steiiiinetz  family  i 
this  country  was  Cliarles  Steinmetz,  who  einigratt 
from  a  [lortion  of  Germany  lying  along  the  rivi 
Rhine,  during  tlie  latter  half  of  the  eighteenth  eui 
tury.antl  lainU'd  at  Philailelphia,     He  was  then  lIl'I 


F.,rJ.    where    he    .narrie.l    .M 
traveling   still    farther   we,tw 
now  Ephrata  townsliip,  Lane^ 
U|)    one   hundred   and   twenty 
neighborhofpd  of  the  present   i 
Bowman.     Here  he  engaged   i 
until  his  death,  at  the  advan 
years.     His  children  were  eight  iu  nuinl 
Catharine,  who    married    John   Goover, 
township;  Charles;  J(din  ;  Samuel;  Sar; 
ried  Andrew  Bushong,  .Taeob,  Isaac,  and 
this  large   family  only  three  i 
writing    (18S3),    viz.:  Samuel, 
Richland,  Lebanon  Co.  ;  Saral 


i>s    l'„ggy 

ister  Co.,  w 
acres  of 
3sidence  i 
1  agricult 
:ed  age   o 


eorge  L. 


,f    Ephral 

David.  ( 
at  the  iMTsei 
ed  resident  . 
esides  with  hi 


daughter,  the  wife  of'Hon.  Anthony  E.  Roberts,  of 
Lancaster;  and  Isaac,  residing  at  Ephrata,  Pa. 

Jacob  Steinmetz,  father  of  our  subject,  was  born  in 
171)8,  upon  the  tract  originally  settled  by  his  father  in 
Ephrata  township,  but  removed  to  West  Earl  town- 
ship in  1833,  wdiere  he  engaged  in  farming  at  the 
place  now  owned  by  Solomon  Grove.  In  1845  he  re- 
moved to  Annville,  Lebanon  Co.,  wiiere  he  also  pur- 
sued the  vocation  of  a  farmer  until  his  demise,  in 
18-51.  His  wife  was  Catharine  Gross  (born  180(3),  a 
native  of  Ephrata  township,  daughter  of  John  Gross, 
who  was  for  many  years  a  liotel-keeper  and  merchant 
at  Ephrata,  and  a  large  land  owner.  She  is  still  living 
at  Annville.  Pa.  The  children  were  ten  in  number, 
namely  :  C.  P.,  residing  at  Annville ;  George  W. ;  Reu- 
ben (deceased) ;  Mary  A.,  wife  of  Rev.  Joseph  Painter, 
of  Myerstown,  Lebanon  Co. ;  Charles  H.,  a  mercliant 
at  Newmanstown,  in  the  same  county;  Selinda,  wife 
of  Dr.  J.  G.  Fritz,  of  Annville  ;  Uriah  G.,  doing  busi- 
ness in  Philadelphia;  Rebecca;  Martin  N.  B.,  also  in 
business  in  Philadelphia  ;  and  Jacob  L.,  a  practicing 
lawyer  at  Lancaster,  Pa.,  and  a  former  member  of  the 
Slate  Legislature. 

George  W.  Steinmetz  was  born  at  the  old  family 
seat  in  Ephrata  townsliip  o[i  .\ug.  11,  18li7.  When 
five  years  of  age  he  removed  wilh  hi-  father  to  West 
E;irl  township,  where  the  earlier  yars  of  his  life 
were  passed  upon  the  paternal  farm,  and  in  .-Utend- 
ance  upon  the  common  .schools  of  his  locality.  He 
subsenuenlly  enjoyed  a  higher  course  of  instruction 
at  the  Ephrata  Academy.     Upon   the   death  of  his 


old  family  seat  of  the  Erb  family,  at  Clay,  and  suc- 
ceeded John  Erb  in  the  business  of  hotel-keeping, 
and  in  farming  a  portion  of  the  old  homestead,  coui- 

Iii  Is.Oo,  upon  the  enactment  of  local   prohibitory 

hntcl-keepiug,  and  in  18G2,  upon  the  dealli  (d  J..liu 
Eih,   became   r'  j  owner,  by   purchase,   of   both   the 
hotel   property  and   farm.     Having  pursued  farming 
O|perations  at  (i'hiy  lur  a  period  of  ibnrteen  years,  Mr. 
Steiniiiet/.   ill    lsi;7,  l)uilt   his  present  residence  and 
store  property  at  that  jioint,  and  the  year  following 
I  embarked   in  the  mercantile  business,   in  wduch    he 
;  has  since  continued.     He  has  also  engaged   e.N.ten- 
sively  in   the  purchase  and  sale  of  tobacco,  besides 
I  cultivating   large  quantities  himself.      He  has  con- 
fined himself  closely  to  his  business  pursuits,  and  has 
neither  sought   nor    been    willing   to    accept   public 
liositioii.     He   was   an    earnest  supporter  of  the  late 
war,   and  as   a   war  I>enH)crat  was  active  in  raising 
I  the  several  quotas  of  soldiers  required  of  his  township 
I  for  service  in  the  field.    He  is  a  member  of  the  Brick- 
I  erville  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church,  and  has  beeu 
officially  connected  with  that  body  since  18G5,  having 
served  as  deacon,  and  being  a  member  of  the  board 
of  trustees  at  the   present  writing.     To  all  worthy 
enterprises  he  has  ever  lent  a  cheerful  and  liberal 
support,  and  he  ranks  among  the  public-spirited  and 
progressive  citizens  of  his  township.     His  only  son, 
Hiram  Erb  Steinmetz,  was  born  Oct.  20,  1854.     He 
I  entered  the  preparatory  department  of  the  Lebanon 
j  Valley  College  at  Annville,  Pa.,  in   18G7,  and  was 
graduated   from   that  institution  with  the  degree  ol 
Bachelor  of  Arts  in  1874.     He  received  the  Master'; 
degree  in   1877.      He  has  been   postmaster   at  Clay 
since  1876,  and  devotes  much   attention  to  literarj 
work,  acting,  among  other  things,  as  the  local  corre- 
spondent of  several  leading  newspapers  in  the  county 
Mrs.  George  W.  Steinmetz  died  on  June  5,  1870. 


CHAPTER    XLII. 

KAST    OOCAI.rCi)    TDWX.^IIII'.i 

Geography  and  Topography.— This  is  one  of  th 
northeastein  lowiiships  of  Lancaster  County,  and  i 
bounded  on  llic  imrtheast  by  Berks  County,  on  th 
southeast  by  the  township  of  Brecknock,  southwest  b 
Ephrata,  and   northwest  by  West  Cocalico  townshi| 


father,  in  ISol.hecame  into  posse 

ision  of  the  home 

farm  at  Annville,  comprising  one  1 

undred  at  twenty- 

i'wc  acres,  which  he  still  owjis,  an( 

for  several  years 

engaged  in  farming  at  thnt  place. 

In  1852  he  married 

Priscilla  Ceeiliii,  daughter  of  .John 

and  r,aih;na  Erh, 

of  Clay  townshij.,  and  two  years  hi 

er  removed  to  the 

It  hi 


■ng[ 


in- average  width  of  three  and  one-third  miles.     Th 

surface  is  hilly,  and  within  the  limits  of  the  townshi 

ire  four  considerable  elevations,  called  Ephrata  Rid. 

i  in  the  southwestern  part,  Bucher's  Mountain  in  tl 


Bji 


710 


HISTORY   OP   LANCASTER  COUiNTY. 


northwest,  Lied's  Ridge  in  tlie  southwest,  and  Adams- 
town  Ridge  in  the  northeastern  part. 

The  soil  of  the  townsliip,  exceiit  on  tlie  most  ele- 
vated portions,  is  very  fertile,  producing  the  ordinary 
cereals  of  this  region  in  great  abundance,  and  lierc  as 
elsewhere  in  the  county  tobacco  is  successfully  culti- 
vated. The  townsUi])  is  drained  towards  the  south- 
west, and  the  largest  stream  is  the  Cocalico  Creek, 
which  traverses  the  entire  length  of  tlie  township  near 
its  southwestern  boundary,  and  with  its  ailiuents,  the 
largest  of  which  is  Stony  Run,  drains  a  large  porticm 
of  the  area.  What  is  known  as  Muddy  Run,  or 
Jluddy  Creek,  is  on  the  boundary  between  this  town- 
ship and  Brecknock,  and  receives  branches  from  the 
southeastern  declivity  of  the  water-shed  that  passes 
southwesterly  through  the  township  from  the  vicinity 
of  Adamstown.  These  streams  supply  water-power 
for  the  mills  that  are  scattered  through  the  township. 
Highways. — The  principal  highway  is  the  Lancas- 
ter and  I^.eading  road,  ])assing  from  Adamstown  bor- 
ough southwesterly  through  the  township  by  the 
village  of  Reamstown.  This  road  was  laid  out  many 
years  prior  to  the  Revolution,  and  before  the  railroad 
era  it  was  an  important  thoroughfare.  The  road  was 
laid  out  fifty-eight  feet  wide,  but  it  has  been  made 
much  narrower  by  the  encroachments  of  land-owners 
along  its  borders.  Another  important  highway  is  the 
Schaefterstown  and  Churchtown  road,  crossiiiL'  the 
township  nearly  at  right  angles  with  the  I,anca-;ter 
and  Reading  road.  Another  road  through  the  town- 
ship, and  of  considerable  importance,  is  the  one 
crossing  the  Lancaster  and  Reading  road  at  Swartz- 
ville,  near  Adamstown  borough.  Other  roails  traverse 
the  township  in  different  directions,  but  those  men- 
tioned are  the  most  important. 

The  Reading  and  Columbia  Railroad  passes  through 
the  township  near  its  northwestern  boundary  for  two- 
thirds  the  length  of  that  line.  Tiiis  affords  conven- 
ient communication  between  this  township  and 
Reading  towards  the  northwest,  and  Lancaster  and 
Columbia  towards  the  southwest,  and  indirectly  with 
Philadelphia,  New  York,  and  Ilarrisburg. 

Old  Cocalico,  and  Derivation  of  Name.— The  old 
township  of  Cocalico  was  divided  in  1838  into  East 
and  West  Cocalico  and  the  township  of  Epiirata, 
since  which  time  no  change  has  been  made  in  the 
boundaries  of  East  Cocalico.  It  is  said  that  the 
name  Cocalico  is  a  corruption  Koch- Hale- Kuiuj,  which 
means  a  cave  or  den  of  serpents,  and  that  an  abund- 
ance of  these  reptiles  along  the  creek  of  that  name 
suggested  its  title. 

Early  Settlers.— Among  the  pioneers  of  what  is 
now  East  Cocalico  townsliij),  and  most  prominently 
identified  with  its  pioneer  history,  were  the  Reams, 
ISuchers,  llubers,  Kidlcrs,  ydnvartzwallers,  Leaders, 
Schneiders,  Killians,  Docks,  Forneys,  Rupps,  Balmers, 
Mays,  Mayers,  Ilahns,  Resslers,  Beyers,  Leets.Schlotts, 
Grolfs,  Wolfs,  Feirsteins,  Weidmans,  Hershbergcrs, 
and  others. 


Among  this  number  we  find  that  Everhard  Rea  ■• 
located  in  "  Zoar,"  now  the  village  of  Reamstown, 
1723,  and  pitched  his  tent  under  the  spreadii 
branches  of  a  large  oak-tree,  then  standing  on  tl 
farm  now  owned  and  occufiied  by  John  Lesher,  ac 
joining  lire  village  of  Reamstown.  The  old  oak-tn 
stood  a  little  west  of  where  now  stands  a  large  willo\ 
tree,  near  Mr.  Lesher's  house.  Here,  with  none  hi  ' 
Indians  as  neighbors,  Mr.  Ream  built  his  rude  hu 
one  hundred  and  sixty  years  ago,  and  after  clearin 
a  small  spot  of  ground  he  procured  a  warrant,  and  i 
1725  a  patent  was  granted  him  for  about  four  hui 
dred  acres  of  land,  upon  a  portion  of  which  the  vi 
lage  of  Reamstown  was  laid  out.  For  some  time  th 
nearest  mill  to  Mr.  Ream  was  on  the  Brandywim 
and  his  nearest  neighbors,  aside  from  Indi.ins,  wei 
the  settlers  on  Mill  Creek. 

The  attractions  produced  by  Mr.  Ream's  littl 
clearing  and  the  abundance  of  pure  water  induce 
settlers  to  locate  in  his  immediate  vicinity,  and  but 
few  years  elapsed  before  Mr.  Ream  was  in  the  mids 
of  quite  a  settlement  of  Germans. 

Prominent  among  Mr.  Ream's  sons  was  Tobi.x' 
who  in  1760  laid  out  the  town  of  Reamstown.  G 
his  children  but  little  is  known  at  present.  Christian 
the  oldest  son,  grew  to  man's  estate  and  went  West 
John  died  in  Ohio;  George  ;  Juliana,  married  Jacol 
Kofroth.  Three  other  daughters  married  to  Michaei 
Wcitzel,  William  Wheeler,  and  a  Mr.  Sarbold. 

Jacob  Hershberger  received  a  warrant  for  and  sub 

sequently  patented  about  six  hundred  acres  of  huK 

along  the  Cocalico  Creek,   below   Reamstown,  upoi 

which  he  built  a  saw-mill  on  the  site  now  occnpiei 

by  Philip  Staufer's  mill.     Mr.  Hershberger  had  foui 

I  sons,   Isaac,  Abraham,  Joseph,  and  John,   who  in 

I  herited  his  property.     The  old  plarrtation  has  beei 

I  divided   and    subdivided    till    it   is    now   owned    b.\ 

I  Joseph  S.  Withers,  Curtis  Withers,  Christian  Martin 

1  Daniel   Hershberger,    Moses  Shirk,    Philip   Staufer. 

I  Frederick   Andrews,   John    Heiser,   and   Alexandei 

Gerhardt.     Other  owners  of  large  plantations  there 

were,  but  just  who,  how  much  land  they  owned,  oi 

where  it  was  located  we  were  unable  to  obtain  anj 

reliable  data. 

Cyrus  Ream,  a  great-grandson  of  Tobias  Ream 
the  founder  of  Reamstown,  grandson  of  Henry  Ream, 
I  and  son  of  Curtis  Ream,  was  born  Dec.  12,  1812,  in 
j  Reamstown,  where  he  has  since  resided,  and  been 
held  in  high  esteem  by  his  fellow-townsmen.  He 
served  as  a  justice  of  the  peace  from  18.5G  to  1881, 
when  he  was  appointed  a  notary  public,  which  com- 
mission he  still  holds. 

In  18G0  he  was  appointed  census  marshal  for  the 
townships  of  Brecknock  and  East  Cocalico,  also  for 
the  borough  of  Adamstown,  and  has  also  been  trea-s- 
urer  of  the  Reformed  congregation  of  Reamstown 
since  1869. 

At  the  age  of  seventeen  years  he  was  apprenticed 
I  to  Ellas  Weilknecht   to   learn   the  blacksmith  trade. 


EAST   COCALICO  TOWNSHIP. 


I 


w 


with  whom  he  remained  about  eiglit  years,  when  he 
opened  a  shop  and  commenced  business  in  Eeams- 
town  on  his  own  account.  Here  he  carried  on  the 
blacksmitli  business  for  about  thirty-five  years,  when 
he  retired  from  active  -crvicu  in  that  line. 

'  embraced 


Dutrich  Gugly,  50 
Julin  Gogly,  15U  h 
JuhnGogb-.Jr-.l 


Taxables  for  1780  lor  t 

le  territory  i 

in  what  is  Eadt  L 

ocalicu  to 

vnship  : 

John  Belicafer,  10  Mrc 

s  uf  la.id  and 

one  cow,  int. 

bj  Juliij  Hurti.mu 

Jobn  Iliicher,  ICU  ucres 

2  horses,  3  c 

^ws,  £360. 

Heni.v  Drc-nJcl,  lOKCr 

s.  1  hurse,  1  c 

ow,  £20. 

Davi.l  H.Tingcr,  1  liura 

e,  1  cow,  buns 

e  and  lot,  £25. 

Ma.illiuUl-y,  2ucrM, 

2  cows,  hons 

and  lot,  £12. 

Jolm  li.iclier,  200  acres 

3  burses,  0  c 

ows,  f  CC7. 

Miflmel  Bear,  200  acre 

,1  horse,  5  c 

ws,  2  mills   £650 

Plillil.  Bra.lstoue,  150 

cres,  3  horses 

5  cows,  £500. 

John  li.'cl.tol.l,  ISO  acr 

es,  3  horses,  4 

cows,  £402. 

Ch.i»tiKii  Aii.lrewB,  16. 

acres,  2  hors 

3,  4  cows,  £:148. 

Blatlliiiis  Ackenbacli.r 

)  acres,  2  hor 

es,  4  cows,  £107 

Julin  Achey,  40  acrw. 

horse,  2  cow 

,  £140. 

Blatllii:w  Albert,  1  acre 

1  cow,  £0. 

Ricbai.l  Aaams,  8G  acr 

s,  2  horses,  4 

cows,  £220. 

I*.ac  A  dam  J,  130  acres 

2  horses,  3  CO 

ws,  2  mills,  £420 

Durst  Anion,  liw  acres 

2  horses,  2  co 

«8,£200. 

I'bilip  Artz,  15  acres,  1 

cow,  £18. 

Conrad  B^muisseii,  tax 

d  for  money, 

£40. 

Stepbeu  llullander,45ui;rea,  1  b.-rse 

1  cow,  £70. 

Peter  liinckly,  2:,  acres 

1  horse,  2  CO 

ws,  £50. 

Adam  llower,  2o0  acre 

,  3  horses,  4  c 

ows,  £442. 

Martin  Bear,  taxed  fui 

money,  floo 

Peter  Ileinbowor,  1.10  1 

cres,  2  horses 

4  cows,  £232. 

He 

ury  Dear 

20  acres. 

2  boi 

es,  3  cow 

-,  Imill,  tlOO 

He 

nry  Bear 

executor 

150 

cres,  £4.- 

Jo 

m  Bear, 

0  acres,  2 

horai 

«,  2  cows 

£170. 

Bo 

ijaniin  Bear,  60  act 

es,  2  horses,  3  c 

ows,  £177. 

Pe 

er  Bentu 

150  acres 

3  ho 

rses,  3  CO 

vs,  £430. 

Daniel  Boll! 

iger,  200 

cres. 

4  horses, 

4  cows,  £662. 

Al 

ram  Brol 

ak.-r,  -MO 

ac,  es 

2  boraes 

4  cows,  £032 

Peter  Eberly,  100  acres,  £100. 

Jacob  liberly,  125  acres,  1  cow,  £407. 

Geort'o  Elick,  250  acres,  4  horses,  5  cows,  £800. 

Jacob  Eberly,  wlieolwrighl,  50  acres,  2  hoises,  3  cows 

Henr.v   I  .    I.    ;i         :  1  .„ws,  house  and  lot,  £25. 

GouiL-  1       .,1        i       -,    .  lu.rses,  6COW3,  £372. 


•            Goorj: 

,  FraMl/,,  IS.J  acr..s, 

J  homes,  4  cows,  £572. 

Geor« 

00  acres,  £300. 

/           Paul  Fnrmau,  100  acres,  2 

horses,  3  cows,  £220. 

J            Peter 

Fee.ser,  100  acres,  3 

orses,  2  cows,  £236. 

1           Beriui 

rd  Fetber,  60  acres. 

hoisa,  2  cows,  £176. 

'            Ad„n, 

Fo8s,'Gaeres,  Iciiw 

£21. 

i;::;:: 

Fult/.,  cu.sb,£20. 

.oi»es,  2COW8,  £326. 

'                   AdKM, 

'               ,„.r,„ 

i^ill,  170  u.res,  3  horaes,  6  cows,  £385. 

diMcer,  1  horse,  1 

cow,  house«ud  lot,  £16. 

llenr. 

GiIk...,  1  bovbO,  Ic 

.w,  house  and  lot,  £20. 

1               Join, 
DavlJ 

;.Met,  60  acres,  2  ho 

ses,  3  cows,  £126. 

Gogly,  100  acres,  1 

lorse,  2  cows,  £201. 

/' 


Jacob  Knebel,  "lO  lu 
Christian  Knisey,  1 

Ahram  Klein,  lUO  a 
llitbe  Kneisley,  00 
blithe  Kneisley,  ex 

Nicllol..»  Le-liel.  17 


Cbrlstoph 

or  Lul? 

50: 

George  L. 

"K,  10) 

acre 

Jobn  I.an 

is,  Jr., 

50  ac 

Casper  Li 

tz,  110 

acres 

John  Miller,  150 

cres 

Ad^m  51.. 

•s,  4  cows 

£232. 

es,  2  cows,  £220. 

1,  2  cows, 

£54. 

orses,  2  c 

ows,  £251. 

ses,  3  cow 

s,  £339. 

horse,  2  cows,  £55. 

..rs..8,  5  c 

ws,  1  servant,  £365. 

se,  1  cow, 

£86. 

us,  3  cow 

,  £229. 

,  2  horses 

2  cows,  £446. 

rses,  2  CO 

•5,  £326. 

ow,  £70. 

■=es,  4  CO 

vs,  £-252. 

,3  cows. 

£219. 

0  acres,  3 

horses,  C  cows,  £349 

lorses,  4  c 

ows,  £402. 

2  hon-es, 

3  cows,  £479. 

s,  1  horse 

£510. 

es,  3  cow 

,  £279. 

2  borsos, 

2  cows.  £326. 

rse,  2  coi 

s,  £2C0. 

1  cow,  1 

servant,  £73. 

.orses,  4  c 

ows,  £642. 

se,  2  cows 

,  £i;g. 

horses,  4 

cows,  £340. 

horses,  G 

cows,  £198. 

se,  2  cow 

,£31G.    V 

.rses,  3  cc 

ws,  1  mill,  £279. 

acres,  £: 

10. 

lorses,  5 

ows,  £405. 

ow,  £20. 

ses,  4  CO 

•s,  £342. 

■ses,  3  CO 

vs,  £329. 

,£63. 

es,  5  cow 

,  £305. 

horses,  2 

cows,  £76. 

se,  2  cow 

,  £210. 

loi^es, 1 

ow,  £173. 

es,  4  cow 

,  £272. 

es,  6  cow 

,  £348. 

Conrad  M.ist,  10  acre*.  1  c.w 

£19. 

Dewalt  Mader,  60  aotcs,  1  bo 

■se,  2 

COWS,  £76. 

Lentz  Meyer,  60  acres,  1  hor 

e,  1  c 

w,  £133. 

Henry  Miller,  41  acres,  1  hor 

se,  1  c 

iw,  £139. 

John  Miller,  tanner,  50  acres 

2  ho 

■ses,  1  cow,  £ 

83 

Jacob  Martin,  10  acres,  1  co\ 

,£^13 

se,  1 

ow,  £291. 

John  Musleman,  32  acres,  1 

orse. 

1  cow,  1  mill 

£ 

Shenck  Martin,  15  acres,  £42 

Michael  PiI2,5acres.  1  borsi 

2  CO 

vs,  £28. 

Adam  lie.lm,  100  acres,  1  hoi 

se.  2  c 

ows,  £316. 

Jac.b  It..lirer,  50  acres,  1  hor 

se,  2  c 

ows,  £00. 

Jacb  Heam,  1  lioise,  1  cow, 

E15. 

Abiam  lleani,  Jr.,  20  acres,  1 

lorse 

1  cow,  2  mill 

,£ 

John  Ream,  300  acres,  2  hors 

s.  3  cows,  £026. 

Andrew  Ream,  50  acres,  1  co 

V,  hoi 

-e  aii.l  l..t,  £100 

Tohlas  Ite.iui,  25  acres.  2  hoi-s 

ows,  £1..4. 

Jobn  Rnch,  136  acres,  2  hors 

8.4  cc 

ws.  £304. 

Engle  Ite.ler,  1  cow,  house  ai 

diot. 

£10.    u 

Peter  Rine,  15  acre»,l  borse, 

1  cow 

£32. 

Michael  Roth,  100  acres.  2  ho 

rses. 

cows,  £12G. 

HISTOKY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


k 


JUSTICES  OF   THE   PEACE. 
14,  ISIU.  j  Cyrus  U.-uni,  April  9, 1861. 


sS.  Fry,  ISSl. 


Wi.luw  Milk-r 
JiiiuU  W..If,  1 
%Viiluw  Bi'ckf 


Of  the  foregoing  list  of  taxalik's  hut  very  few,  if 
any,  of  their  descendants  now  own  any  part  of  the 
real  estate  possessed  by  the  owners  of  over  a  century 
ago,  and  only  a  small  portion  of  the  pioneer  lands 
,  can  be  traced  to  the  present  owners.  However,  we 
can  give  a  few  of  tlieni,  as  follows:  The  land  owned 
by 

John  Deltccfer  ia  now  i,»ni-.l  by  .I,.l,n  Ilartiimn, 

Duvid  lirlckcr  "  "         1»;l:.c  K.  Uli.i  hulzei. 

Henry  llcur  ■■  "        Chii-li.n  Ki-lliir. 


'  Knrluw  A  Co. 


ttn  Knupp 
I  Monlilion. 


Muddy  Creek  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church.'— 

This  con^'iviiation  was  (irgaiii/.i-d  ahoiit  17;iO,  but  tlio 
records  do  not  commence  till  1733.  The  first  records 
of  bai)tisms  were  by  Peter  MiiUer,  and  by  Rev.  John 
Christian  Schultze.  Rev.  John  Casper  Stoever  vis- 
ited the  congregation  here  as  early  as  1784,  but  he 
does  not  appear  to  have  preached  to  this  congrega- 
tion till  17i(i.  From  the  time  of  its  organization  till 
1838,  a  jjcriod  of  one  hundred  and  five  years,  this  so- 
ciety was  connected  with  that  of  New  HoUajid,  and 
to  have  been  served  by  the  same  pastors. 

Rev.  Tobias  Wagner  succeeded  Mr.  Stoever  in 
1749,  and  continued  till  17.r)5.  A  Rev.  Stoever  then 
served  the  church  till  1758,  then  Rev.  John  Samuel 
Schwerdtfegertill  17(13. 

During  the  pastorate  of  Mr.  Schwerdtfeger  the 
congregation  acijuired  a  deed  ol  their  church  prop- 
erty, the  warrant  for  which  had  been  granted  in 
1744.  It  was  sold  by  tiie  proprietors  to  the  Lutlierun 
and  the  German  Reformed  congregations  jointly,  and 
it  has  always  remained  their  joint  property.  An 
agreement  was  entered  into  by  which  each  congrega- 
tion obligated  itself  to  follow  the  "Augsburg  Confes- 
sion" and  the  "  Heidelberg  Catechism,"  respectively. 
The  joint  occupation  and  use  of  the  property  was  also 
agreed  on.  The  elders  of  the  Lutheran  congregation 
who  entered  into  this  agreement  were  Valentine 
Schneider,  Jacob  Fry,  Casper  Lutz,  and  Philip 
Stober.  On  the  part  of  the  Reformed  congrega- 
tion, Henry  HaHer,  Christoi)her  Shoup,  Georj^e 
Helft,  and  Maneus  Egly  were  the  elders  and  sign- 
ers of  the  agreement.  The  instrument  was  executed 
May  30,  1701.  The  deed  was  acquired  March  25, 
17G2,  and  conveyed  nine  acres  and  si.\ty  perches, 
consideration  one  [lound  eight  shillings  and  eleven 
pence. 

In  1763,  Rev.  William  Kurtz  became  pastor,  and 
continued  till  1781,  succeeded  by  Rev.  Daniel  Schroe- 
der,  who  remained  till  1784;  then  came  Rev.  Val- 
entine Frederick  Melsheimer,  who  remained  till 
1790,  succeeded  by  Rev.  Ileinrich  Moeller,  who  was 
pastor  till  17',tl);  then  Rev.  Peter  Beng,  till  18(il; 
Rev.  John  Plitt,  till  1812;  Rev.  Peter  Filbert,  till 
1823;  Rev.  John  Frederick  Engle,  who  died  the 
same  year  (1823);  Rev.  Charles  Kutze,  who  died  in 
182r>;  Rev.  John  W.  Reichard,  a  grandson  of  the 
patriarch  Muhlenberg,  till  1834;  Rev.  C.  F.  Welden. 
till    1838;    Rev.  C.   P.   Miller,  till   1841;    Rev.  Mr. 


I  ukotcli  by  Rev 


Henry. 


EAST  COCALICO   TOWNSHIP. 


713 


Frederick,  till  1849;  Rev.  Thomas  Yeager,  till  1852; 
Rev.  Cliarles  Reese,  till  1857;  Rev.  R.  S.  Wagner, 
till  18(10  ;  Rev.  S.  R.  Roycr,  till  18(18  ;  Rev.  R.  S.  Wag- 
ner, again,  till  1873;  Rev.  S.  S.  Henry,  till  1883,  snc- 
ceeded  by  llio  present  pastor.  Rev.  John  H.  Unlienhen. 

The  consistory  of  the  Muchly  t'reek  Relbrnieil 
Church  consists  of  Rev.  S.  .-i.'lnveitzor,  pastor; 
George  Echternach  and  Amhrw  Kiiuiut,  ekiers; 
Peter  Marso,  Daniel  Binkley,  and  Martin  Althouse, 
deacons;  Martin  Althouse,  treasurer ;  Cyrus  Sower, 
trustee.  Rev.  Daniel  llerz  commenced  preaching  at 
Muddy  Creek  Church  in  1822,  and  continued  until 
his  death  in  ISGil.  Rev.  S.  Schwcit/.er,  the  present 
pastor,  was  installed  in  187(!),  and  has  at  jire-^ent 
under  his  instruction  eighty-live  catechuinens,  a 
much  larger  number  tliaii  under  any  uiher  pastor 
during  the  history  of  the  churLli.  The  lluidelberg 
Catechism  is  faithl'ully  used  in  tlie  classes.  Present 
membership  of  church,  three  liundred  and  fifty. 

The  first  church  building  was  a  log  house,  but  no 
record  states  when  it  was  built.  It  was  probably 
erected  as  early  as  1730  or  1733. 

The  second  church  was  a  stone  building,  and  tra- 
dition says  it  stood  about  one  hundred  years.  The 
floor  was  laid  or  i)aved  with  bricks  or  flat  stones.  It 
stood  partly  on  the  ground  on  which  the  present 
church  building  stands. 

The  present,  which  is  the  third  church  edifice,  was 
built  in  1847,  and  is  also  a  stone  structure  rough-cast. 
The  sacramental  cup  and  ]jhite  were  presented  by 
Michael  Kegerisc,  mid  bear  the  date  of  17(12.  The 
bell  lor  this  church  was  procured  in  1850.  The  in- 
scription on  it  is,  "Cast  by  T.  I.  Dyre,  Jr.,  Philadel- 
phia, 1850.  Muddy  Creek  Church,  Lancaster  County, 
Pa."  The  first  organ  in  this  church  was  purchased 
and  set  up  in  1871.  Its  cost  was  seven  hundred  and 
seventy-five  dollars.  Early  in  the  liistury  of  this 
congregation  a  school-house  was  erected  on  the  church 
pro])erty. 

As  nearly  as  can  be  ascertained  the  followdng  teach- 
ers have  taught  the  parochial  school  and  led  the  sing- 
ing in  the  church:  Henry  Krick  (or  Grick),  1800-10; 
Andrew  Fleisher,  1810-34;  Jacob  Baker,  1834-00; 
AVilliam  Baker,  18GG-71 ;  Isaac  S.  Becker,  organist, 
and  leader  in  singing,  1871-81 ;  William  Baker,  1881 
to  the  present  time.  Andrew  Fleisher  served  twenty- 
four  years,  and  died  in  1842,  aged  seventy-two  years. 
Jacob  Bakerserved  thirty-two  years,  and  died  in  18(J9, 
aged  seventy-five  years. 

The  church  council  consists  of  the  pastor  and  Henry 
Echternacht,  trustees;  Stephen  Hayman,  Benjamin 
Lausch,  elders;  Franklin  Khoads,  Henry  Siegfried, 
Epiiraim  Brossman,  deacons. 

The  present  membership  is  two  hundred  and  sev- 
enty-live. 

Both  the  German  and  English  languages  are  used 

exclusively. 
^—  Evangelical  Church   of  Reamstown. — This  so- 


ciety was  organized  in  1850,  and  during  the  first  five 
years  of  its  existence  it  worshiped  in  private  houses 
of  members.  In  1855  the  present  church  edifice  was 
er^'ted.  It  is  a  stone  structure,  twenty-eight  by 
thirty-two  feet  in  size,  and  its  co-t  was  one  thousand 
dollars?  The  society  has  been  uniformly  prosperous, 
and  its  present  membership  is  sixty. 

The  f.dlowing  have  been  paslu'rs  of  this  chure^i  : 
Revs.  Humel,  Laiher,  Adams,  Jupe,  Kingericht, 
Sayler,  Krieger,  Ilarber,  Aile,  Frechrist,  Faihr, 
Martz,  Schentler,  Dentlinger,  /am,  Heitzler,  Wan- 
ner, and  Singinfues  and  Sayler,  the  present  p.islors. 

The  class-leaders  have  been  J.  M.  Salada,  Henry 
Schlott,  John  Rae/.cr,  and  Jesse  Frankhausen,  the 
present  leader. 

Cemeteries. — In  the  township  of  East  Cocalico  are 
a  large  number  of  burial-places,  mostly  of  a  private 
character,  located  on  nearly  as  many  farms  as  there 
are  burying-grounds. 

Slany  of  the  tombstones,  more  especially  those  of 
an  earlier  date,  are  of  sandstone,  of  wdiich  this  town- 
ship furnishes  an  abundant  supply,  the  inscriptions 
upon  which  are  so  obliterated  by  the  elements  that 
it  is  impossible  to  read  the  names  of  persons  or  date 
of  death. 

In  the  Reamstown  Cemetery  may  be  found  the  fol- 
lowing among  the  better  preserved  of  the  older  stones: 
FredeHck  Ream,  born  Oct.  11, 1771,  died  Jan.  21, 1858, 
aged  8(3  years,  4  months,  and  11  days;  Henry  Ream, 
born  Feb.  7,  17.MI,  died  Oct.  5,  1840,  aged  81  years,  8 
months,  and  2  days;  Samuel  Ream,  born  June  4, 
1772,  died  March  22,  1839,  aged  GO  years,  9  months, 
and  18  days;  Matthias  Ream,  born  June  25,  1726, 
died  Jan.  15,  1789,  aged  62  years,  6  months,  and  2 
d:iys,  and  left  nine  children;  Juliana  Ream,  widow 
of'  Tobias  lieam,  born  1738,  died  1824,  aged  86 
years. 

In  the  Muddy  Creek  Cemetery  are  many  interments. 
However,  we  give  but  a  very  few  of  the  inscriptions 
on  older  stones,  for  reasons  above  stated.  John  Nich- 
olas Haller,born  1735,  died  1813;  Michael  Weinholt, 
born  1754,  died  1827;  Philip  Weinholt,  born  1705, 
died  1823;  his  wife,  Catharine,  was  born  in  1775, 
and  died  in  1849;  Adam  Iloh,  born  in  1763,  and 
died  in  1838;  his  wife,  Catharine,  lies  by  his  side, 
she  was  born  in  1766  and  died  in  1848;  Rudolph 
naberlig,born  1728, died  1812;  Elizabeth  Schlebach, 
born  in  1725,  died  in  1823,  aged  99  years,  less  8  days; 
Jacob  Kuger,  born  1750,  died  1825;  Rosina  Puhl, 
born  175-1,  died  1828;  Rudolph  Miller,  born  1743, 
died  1824;  Catharine,  wife  of  Jacob  Schmidt,  born 
1750,  died  in  1818;  Johann  Peter  Weisz,  born  1753, 
died  1821  ;   Martin  Frcy,  born  in  1722,  died  in  1806. 

Salem  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  at  Zoar, 
now  Reamstown.  As  early  as  June  28,  1773,  a  deed 
for  Lot  No.  51  in  Zoar  was  ^iven  by  Tobias  Ream  and 
Juliana,  his  wife,  to  Andrew  Ream  and  Jacob  Rupp, 

for  buildimr  a    Preslivterian  and    Lutheran  Church, 


71 


HISTORY    OP   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


andburying-ground  to  be  used  by  said  congregation." 
The  consideration  was  two  shillings,  and  the  land  was 
subject  to  an  annual  ground-rent  of  four  pence. 

On  the  7tli  of  November,  1798,  a  receipt  was  given 
by  Tobias  Ream  for  eight  shillings  and  four  pence, 
tlie  amount  of  arrears  for  ground-rent  to  tliat  time, 
twenty-live  years. 

No  church  was  erected  here  nor  was  any  society 
formed  till  1817,  when  the  present  house  was  erected. 
The  Lutherans  in  lleamstown  had  worshiped  at 
Muddy  Creek  prior  to  that  time. 

On  the  4th  of  June,  1815,  the  corner-stone  of  this 
church,  called  the  "  Cocalico  Salem  Church,  for  the 
use  of  the  Lutheran  and  German  Reformed  congre- 
gations," was  laid.  The  building  committee  on  the 
part  of  the  Lutheran  Church  consisted  of  Adam 
Leitz  and  George  Musser.  The  first  elders  elected 
were  Adam  Musser  and  George  Withers,  and  the  first 
deacons  were  George  Long  and  Heinrich  Schneider. 
The  building  was  completed  and  dedicated  on  the 
8th  and  9th  days  of  June,  1S17.  The  same  building 
is  still  in  use. 

The  first  pastor  was  Rev.  Peter  Filbert,  whose  pas- 
torate was  from  1817  to  1823.  He  was  followed  in 
succession  by  Revs.  John  Frederick  Engle  and  Charles 
F.  Rutze,  1823-24;  Samuel  Trumbauer,  1824-56;  A. 
D.  Rosenmiller,  1856-58  ;  R.  S.  Wagner,  1858-59;  S. 
R.  Boyer,  1859-68;  R.  S.  Wagner,  1869-73;  S.  S. 
Henry,  1873-83;  and  the  present  paster,  John  H. 
Unbehnen,  1883. 

The   church    council   consists   of    the    pastor   and  j 
Samuel  Sleabach,  trustee  ;  Martin  Jacobs  and  Samuel 
Fry,  elders  ;  Michael  Grimes  and  Reuben  Fry,  dea-  l 
cons;  and  J.  R.  Reddig,  treasurer. 

Some  years  after  the  church  was  built  a  bell  of  one  ' 
hundred  pounds' weight  was  procured.    This  was  used 
till  1848,  more  than  a  century,  when  a  new  one  was 
purchased  by  the  two  congregations.     Its  weight  was  i 
three  hundred  and  four  pounds,  and  its  cost,  with  the 
necessary  fixtures  and  hangings,  was  one  hundred  and 
fourteen  dollars  and   forty   cents.     In  1859  the  two 
congregations,    Evangelical    Lutheran    and    German  i 
Reformed,  purchased  an  organ  at  a  cost  of  five  hun- 
dred dollars.     It  was  dedicated  October  22d  and  23d 
of  that  year. 

A  Union  Sunday-school  of  the  two  congregations  ! 
was  organized  between  1834  and  1835,  and  was  for  a  i 
number  of  years  held  in  the  old  school-house  in  the 
rear  of  the  church.  The  first  superintendents  were  Dr. 
Frederick  Ziegler  and  John  Wilson,  Esq.  The  present 
superintendents  are  Henry  Grimes  and  Monroe  Kil- 
lian.  The  first  leader  of  the  choir  was  Jacob  Fasnacht, 
who  oflficiated  till  1826.  Peter  Lied  was  then  precentor 
till  the  purchase  of  an  organ  in  1859,  a  period  of 
thirty-three  years.  Since  that  time  the  organist  has 
been  the  leader  of  the  singing.  The  first  organists 
were  Samuel  H.  Oring,  and  Emanuel  J.  Killiaii,  John 
Gring,  and  Isaac  S.  Becker,  Muddy  Creek  Church. 
I     The  present  organist  is  Miss  Emilia  Lesher. 


A  school-house  was  erected  on  the  church  property 
at  an  early  period  in  the  history  of  the  congregation, 
and  in  this  house  the  children  of  the  church  have 
been  taught  for  many  years.  Formerly  services  were 
conducted  wjiolly  in  the  German  language  in  fhis 
church,  but  latterly  both  German  and  English  are 
used.  The  German  Reformed  pastors  ofticiating  in  this 
church  have  been  Faber,  Frederick  Harmer,  Thomas 
Leimbach,  1824  ;  William  T.  Gerhardtand  A.  Helfen- 
stein,  1852;  Samuel  Seibert,  1853;  William  A.  Good, 
1856;  Thomas  C.  Leimbach,  1860;  Samuel  A.  Lein- 
bach,1867;  Stephen  Schweitzer,  from  1S69  to  present 
time. 

Public  Schools. — From  the  time  of  its  organiza- 
tion the  people  of  East  Cocalico  voted  at  each  town- 
ship election  on  the  question  of  accepting  or  not  ai - 
cepting  the  school  system.  So  averse  were  the  peo]jle 
to  imposing  on  themselves  additional  burdens  of  tax- 
ation, and  so  strong  was  the  prejudice  against  the 
system,  that  it  was  rejected  by  varying  majorities  till 
1849,  when  it  was  accepted  by  a  small  majority.  The 
feeling  of  antagonism  to  the  system  has  gradually 
worn  away  since  that  time,  and  now  but  few  are  left 
who  look  with  disfavor  on  it. 

At  the  time  of  the  acceptance  of  the  system  there 
were  in  the  township  nine  schools,  and  to  these  an- 
other has  since  been  added,  so  that  the  number  is  now 
ten,  as  follows:  Reamstown,  which  has  two  schools  in 
one  building,  constituting  a  graded  school;  Denver, 
also  two  schools,  or  a  graded  school  ;  Wabash,  Na- 
pierville.  Slump's,  Muddy  Creek,  Vera  Cruz,  and 
Weinhold's.  Tlie  houses  at  Reamstown  and  Denver 
are  of  stone,  and  have  two  rooms  each  for  a  primary 
and  secondary  school.  Of  the  other  sub-districts  four 
have  stone  houses,  and  in  two  they  are  built  of  brick. 
The  schools  are  kept  during  six  months  in  each 
year,  and  the  teachers'  wages  are  from  thirty-two  to 
thirty-eight  dollars  per  month. 

The  number  of  children  of  school  age  in  the  town- 
ship is  fonr  hundred  and  sixty-nine,  and  the  ta.K  levied 
in  1883  was  $2629.33. 

The  present  school  directors  are  I.  K.  Oberholser, 
president;  John  ('.  Ueddig,  treasurer;  M.  L.  Gocklev, 
secretarv;  William  Coldren,  John  Waller,  and  C.  R. 
Johns.  ' 

Poptllation.  —  The  population  of  East  Cocalico 
township  in  1880  was  2226;  Reamstown,  336;  Union, 
now  Denver, '220;  Stevens,  63;  voters,  575  on  the 
register's  list  for  1883, 

Reamstown. — This  village,  first  called  Zoar,  was 
laid  out  by  Tobias  Ream,  the  son  of  Everhard  Ream, 
in  1760.  Fifty-four  acres  were  conveyed  by  Ever- 
hard  to  Tobias  for  this  purpose.  A  portion  of  this 
land  was  divided  into  ninety-five  lots  of  seventy-twcj 
perches  each,  or  four  jjerches  front  and  eighteen 
perches  deep,  fronting  on  the  old  Lancaster  and 
Reading  road.  Of  these  only  sixty-five  were  sold 
as  lots,  and  the  balance  were  sold  in  one  tract  to 
Michael    Kumler.      The   lots   were   sold,    or   rather 


EAST   COCALTCO   TOWNSHIP. 


715 


leased,  for  ten  shillings  each  (Pennsylvania  cur- 
rency), and  were  subject  to  annual  ground-rent  of 
tl.33  each,  which  is  still  collected,  except  in  the  case 
of  one  lot,  on  which  for  a  cnnsidenition  it  has  been 
relinijnished. 

Prior  to  the  laying  out  of  the  town  Tobias  Ream 
had  erected  a  house  of  sandstone,  one  story  in  height. 
It  was  on  the  tract  that  was  sold  to  Kuniler,  and  it 
still  stands,  having  the  same  external  appearance 
as  at  first.  It  was  sold  by  Jlr.  Kuinler  to  Jacob 
Sliowalter,  and  by  him  to  Henry  Lesher,  the  present 
owner.  The  first  house  erected  on  one  of  the  lots 
was  the  one  in  which  Frederick  Ream  resided  during 
his  entire  life.  It  was  taken  down  about  five  years 
since  and  another  erected  on  its  site.  It  was  a  log 
house,  and  tradition  says  that  an  inn  was  kept  there 
in  very  early  times. 

It  is  remembered  that  a  tavern  was  kept  in  the 
present  hotel  of  Christian  Messner,  known  as  the 
Eagle  Hotel,  by  a  Mr.  Keller.  Jacob  Stahley  after- 
ward kept  in  this  building  a  tavern  and  a  store.  It 
has  always  been  kept  as  a  hotel,  and  has  had  many 
landlords.  Another  hotel  was  kept  at  a  very  early 
time  by  Adam  Musser,  in  the  stone  building  now 
known  as  the  Cross  Keys  Hotel,  and  owned  by  Henry 
R.  Rhoads.  This  was  a  tavern  prior  to  the  Revolu- 
tion, as  were  all  the  others.  It  has  since  been  kept 
by  many  different  parties.  The  present  Reamstown 
Hotel  was  first  kept  by  Charles  Jlontelius,  and  it  had 
on  its  sign -board  the  figure  of  a  buck,  hence  it  was 
known  as  the  Buck  Hotel.  It  is  now  owned  and  kept 
by  Levi  Koch.  Tiie  house  now  owned  and  occupied 
by  A.  D.  Carpenter  was  formerly  kept  as  a  hotel  by 
John  Ream.  Another  hotel  was  very  early  kept 
under  the  name  of  the  Continental  House.  The 
names  of  the  early  keepers  of  this  house  are  lost.  Of 
later  landlords  the  names  are  remembered  of  Peter 

Stipe,  Peter  Ruth,  and •  Bauman.   the  last  wdio 

entertained  travelers  here.  The  building  stood  on 
the  site  now  occupied  by  Odd-Fellows'  Hall.  It  was 
torn  down  about  thirty  years  since,  but  traces  of  its 
foundation  walls  may  still  be  found.  It  was  used  as 
a  hospital  after  the  battle  of  Brandywine,  and  the 
names  of  some  of  the  patriots  who  died  here  are  still 
traceable  in  the  Lutheran  and  Reformed  Church 
Cemetery. 

Of  the  pioneer  tradesmen  and  mechanics  it  is  not 
possible  now  to  recall  the  names.  The  earliest  mer- 
chant that  is  remembered  was  Jacob  Stahley, wlio 
kept  a  store  here  nearly  seventy  years  since.  John 
Lutz  was  a  blacksmith  here  at  a  still  earlier  date. 
Adam  Musser  was  a  saddler,  and  had  a  shop  in  his 
hotel.  John  Graft  was  a  shoemaker  in  the  beginning 
of  the  present  century,  and  Michael  Raezer  was  the 
village  tailor  at  the  same  time.  Andrew  Ream  was 
a  tinsmith  and  manufacturer  of  hatchets  in  the  latter 
part  of  the  last  century.  Elias'Weitzel  was  a  maker 
of  spinning-wheels  an'd  reels  that  were  then  articles 
of  furniture   in   every  house.     Cieorge   Ream   was   a 


wagon-maker,  and  his  original  shop  is  still  standing. 
John  Tamaney  was  a  cabinet-maker,  and  John  Gun- 
der  was  a  chair-maker.  A  tannery  was  erected  here 
some  tihie  in  the  last  century.  It  was  rebuilt  about 
fifty  years  since  by  William  Musser,  and  was  torn 
down  some  seven  years  since. 

The  name  of  the  town  waslong  since  changed  from 
Zoar  to  Reamstown,  in  honor  of  its  founder  and  his 
descendants.  It  has  never  been  the  seat  of  any  im- 
portant manufactory  or  other  industry,  and  its  growth 
has  been  gradual.  There  are  in  it  many  very  old 
houses,  and  its  general  ajipearance  is  that  of  an  anti- 
quated town. 

The  population  of  the  village  of  Reamstown  (late 
Zoar)  is  35U.  There  are  seventy-one  dwelling-houses, 
one  Lutheran  and  Reformed  Church,  one  Evangelical 
Church,  one  post-office  (J.  R.  Reddig,  postmaster), 
three  daily  mails,  two  carriage-maker  shops,  one 
tinsmith-shop,  one  blacksmith-shop,  seven  shops 
manufacturing  cigars,  three  shops  manufacturing 
cigar-boxes,  one  saddler-shop,  three  shoemaker-shops, 
two  stone-cutters'  shops,  one  tailor-shop,  two  stores 
(kept  by  J.  R.  Reddig  and  Martin  L.  Gockley),  three 
taverns  (kept  by  Levi  Koch,  Edwin  B.  Shavers,  and 
Christian  S.  Messner),  two  doctors  (U.  B.  Kline  and 
William  Trexler). 

Denver  is  a  new  and  enterprising  little  town  situ- 
ated on  the  line  of  the  Reading  and  Columbia  Railroad, 
fifteen  and  one-quarter  miles  from  Reading,  twenty- 
six  and  three-quarters  from  Lancaster,  and  thirty  and 
one-half  miles  from  Columbia.  Situated  also  on  the 
left  bank  of  Cocalico  Creek,  at  the  mouth  of  Swamp 
Run,  and  surrounded  by  a  rich  agricultural  district, 
it  is  destined  to  become,  at  no  distant  day,  one  of  the 
principal  villages  of  Lancaster  County.  The  beauty 
and  grandeur  of  the  not  far-distant'  hills,  from  the 
summits  of  which  grand  and  enchanting  landscape 
scenes  are  presented  to  the  gaze  of  the  beholder. 
These,  with  other  nalural  attractions,  point  to  Denver 
as  one  of  the  pleasant  summer  resorts  of  the  near 
future. 

That  portion  of  the  land  upon  the  west  side  of  the 
railroad,  on  which  the  town  is  built,  was  formerly 
owned  by  Jacob  Brubaker  (deceased),  and  the  land 
n]jon  the  east  side  by  Widow  Keller  and  Christian 
Keller. 

The  building  of  the  railroad  to  this  place  in  1863, 
and  the  location  of  the  station,  led  to  the  laying  out 
of  town-lots  by  Messrs.  J.  Brubaker  and  A.  R.  Royer. 
The  first  building  erected,  aside  from  the  then  small 
station,  was  that  known  as  the  "  Miller  House,"  built 
in  1869,  and  named  "  Union  Hotel,"  and  subsequently 
changed  to  Miller  House,  having  been  built  by  S.  H. 
Miller.  The  name  of  the  town  was  changed  from 
Union  to  Denver. 

The  next  hotel  opened  in  this  town  was  in  1877  by 
S.  M.  Brubaker,  and  nanie.l  .Merchant's  H.uise.  The 
liroperly  was  sulHe,|Ucntly  s.dd  to  K,  S.  Fasnacht, 
who,  in  1882,  built  the  present  Merchant's  Himr^e  on 


71f 


HISTORY   OF  LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


the  opposite  side  of  the  street,  to  which  he  transferred  1 
his  liotel  business  the  same  year.  ! 

The  pioneer  store  of  what  is  now  Denver  was 
opened  for  business  iu  1869,  in  the  Miller  House 
block,  by  S.  H.  Miller,  who  owns  both  hotel  and 
store.  In  1872,  S.  M.  Brnbaker  built  the  brick  store- 
house opposite  the  Merchant's  House,  where  he  en- 
gaged in  the  mercantile  business,  and  in  1877  con- 
verted the  store  into  a  hotel,  and  kept  as  sucli  until 
1882,  when  it  was  again  converted  into  a  store,  and 
still  occupied  as  such,  by  W.  M.  JIarburger,  who 
purchased  the  building  in  1882. 

The  next  trading  point  established  in  Denver  was 
the  drug-  and  hardware-store  of  Isaac  H.  Jliller,  also 
on  Main  Street,  who  located  here  in  18G9  or  1870,  and 
is  still  engaged  in  business. 

The  fourth  and  last  mercantile  house  established  at 
this  place  was  that  of  Hacker  &  Shirk  in  1883,  in  a 
frame  building  on  Main  Street,  east  of  the  railroad. 
Manufactures  and  Trades.— The  old  grist-mill 
at  this  place  was  built  many  years  ago,  and  is  now 
owned  by  Christian  Keller. 

The  Denver  tannery  was  built  in  1860  by  S.  H. 
Gring,  and  subsequently  purciiased  by  Christian 
Keller,  its  present  owner.  It  is  now  operated  by 
George  Gensemer,  who  gives  steady  employment  to 
four  men. 

The  steam  sash-,  door-,  blind-,  and  furniture-fac- 
tory of  E.  B.  Wolfe  was  built  by  him  in  1882,  and  is 
located  on  Front  Street. 

The  pioneer  blacksmith  of  this  town  was  John 
Walter,  who  located  here  in  1872,  and  is  at  present 
the  only  blacksmith  in  the  village. 

The  pioneer  shoemaker  of  Denver  was  J.  D.  Rider, 
who  came  here  in  187.'{,  and  still  continues  to  tap  the 
soles  of  men. 

Christian  Keller's   brick-yard   was  established  by 

him  in  1875,  and  is  now  operated  by Giger. 

In  1880,  John  B.  Ranck  commenced  the  manufac- 
ture of  cigar-boxes  in  Denver,  and  in  1882  sold  his 
factory  to  J.  B.  Hacker,  the  present  manufacturer, 
who  employs  eight  men  in  the  business. 

The  pioneer  cigar  manufactory  of  this  town  was 
established  in  1876  by  J.  M.  Brubaker,  who  in  1883 
gave  steady  employment  to  thirty  persons. 

Another  cigar-factory  was  established   in   187'J  by 
Jolm  S.  Nolde,  who  at  present  employs  fifteen  hands. 
In  1881,  A.  H.  Hornberger  commenced  the  manu- 
facture of  cigars  at  this  jilace,  and   now  employs  six 
persons  in  the  business. 

The  "Denver  Job  Printing-Office"  was  established 
here  in  1878,  by  J.  G.  Garman,  the  present  proprietor. 
There  are  two  quite  extensive  limestone  quarries 
at  Denver,  one  owned  and  worked  by  the  Reading 
Iron  Company,  and  the  other  owned  by  Reading 
parlies,  but  not  worked  at  present.  Large  quantities 
of  limestone  are  shipped  from  lliis  place  and  used  in 
the  manufacture  of  iron  at  different  points. 

The  coal  and   lumber  business  was  established  at 


this  place  in  1864  by  A.  R.  Royer,  who  was  succeeded 
by  Adam  J.  Ream  Jan.  1,  1870.  Ream  was  suc- 
ceeded Jan.  1,  1877,  by  J.  B.  Brubaker,  the  present 
dealet. 

The  rai^lroad  station  at  this  jjlace  was  opened  for 
the  transaction  of  business  Dec.  26,  1863,  when  the 
first  passenger  train  jjassed  over  the  road  from  Co- 
lumbia to  Sinking  Spring.  The  first  station-agent 
was  A.  R.  Royer,  who  was  succeeded  Jan.  1,  1870,  by 
A.  J.  Ream,  and  he  in  turn  by  J.  B.  Brubaker,  Jan. 
1,  1877,  the  present  agent. 

The  pioneer  postmaster  here  was  A.  R.  Royer,  who 
was  commissioned  Aug.  7,  1808,  and  succeeded  by  A. 
J.  Ream,  Jan.  1,  1870,  who  was 'succeeded,  Jan.  1, 
1877,  by  J.  B.  Brubaker,  the  present  postmaster. 

Physicians. — The  doctors  at  Denver  have  been 
quite  numerous.  The  first  to  locate  was  Dr.  Sines- 
mach,  iu  1870,  who  remained  about  one  year,  when 
he  removed,  and  was  succeeded  by  itinerants,  who 
remained  but  a  short  time  each.  The  present  phys- 
icians are  Dr.  P.  O.  Bleiler,  who  located  here  in  1875, 
and  Dr.  J.  B.  Hacker  in  1880. 

Religfious. — The  spiritual  necessities  of  the  citi- 
zens of  Denver  are  cared  for  by  several  Christian 
denominations,  worshiping  here  in  two  churches,  the 
"  Union,"  a  free-for-all  house  of  worship,  and  the 
Dunkards,  Old  Mennonites,  and  Lutheran  and  Re- 
formed in  a  church  building  of  their  own.  Neither 
have  a  regular  church  organization  at  this  place, 
1  but  are  attached  to  and  supplied  with  preaching  by 
established  church  organizations  from  other  places. 

Stevens. — A  small  hamlet  and  railroad-station,  so 
named  in  honor  of  the  late  Thaddeus  Stevens,  is  lo- 
cated on  the  line  of  the  Reading  and  Columbia  Rail- 
road, on  the  west  border  of  the  township,  sixteen  and 
three-quarter  miles  from  Reading'  and  twenty-five 
miles  from  Lancaster.  The  railroad  was  completed 
past  this  place  in  the  fall  of  1863,  and  station  and 
freight-house  combined  was  built  in  the  fall  of  1863 
and  spring  of  1864,  and  I.  W.  Mentzer  was  appointed 
station-agent.  lie  died  in  the  spring  of  1883,  when 
his  son,  Henry  K.  Meiit/.er,  was  ai)puinted  to  fill  the 
vacancy. 

The  pioneer  house  at  this  place  was  the  frame  resi- 
dence of  Samuel  Burkholder,  built  in  1827,  on  its 
present  site,  a  short  distance  east  of  Eberly's  hotel. 

The  laud  upon  which  the  town  is  laid  out  was 
owned,  previous  to  the  advent  of  the  railroad,  by 
Jacob  Reddig,  who,  in  1864,  sold  five  acres  to  the 
railroad  company,  containing  the  land  between  the 
east  side  of  the  station  building,  and  the  wagon-road 
forming  the  western  boundary-line  of  the  township. 
The  railroad  company  subsequently  sold  the  same  to 
I.  W.  Mentzer,  JI.  H.  Shirk,  and  Abraham  Base. 
Shirk  and  Base  soon  after  sold  their  interest  in  the 
town  lots  to  Mr.  Mentzer,  who  became  the  sole  owner. 
The  second  house  built  at  this  place,  east  of  the 
township-line,  was  the  brick  residence  of  the  late 
I.  W.  Mentzer,  just  we-t  of  the  railroad,  built  in  1864, 


EAST   COCALICO  TOWNSHIP. 


717 


nnd  still  occupied  by  Mrs.  Mentzer  and  family.  The 
Eberly  House,  a  three-story  frame  building,  adjoin- 
ing tlie  depot  property,  was  built  in  1882,  by  H.  R. 
Eberly,  the  present  proprietor  of  this  hotel.  There 
was,  in  1883,  about  tliirty  dwellings  at  Strom's  Sta- 
tion, and  a  population  of  about  one  hundred.  The 
post-ofiice  at  tliis  place  is  in  West  Cocalico,  and  is 
mentioned  in  the  history  of  that  township. 

There  is  no  manufacturing  at  this  place,  other  than 
that  of  cigars  by  H.  R.  Eberly,  who  employs  from 
six  to  ten  hands  in  the  business. 

The  coal  and  lumber  business  is  carried  on  at  this 
pliice  by  Henry  K.  Mentzer. 

Cocalico  Lodge,  No.  408,  I.  0.  0.  F.— This  lodge 
was  chartered  July  18,  1850,  witii  the  following  char- 
ter members:  William  Tobias,  Stephen  Siegfried, 
John  Bard,  Henry  Stauffer,  Chas.  H.  Rhoads,  Gideon 
Kinzey,  Jeremiah  M.  Sallada,  Esaias  Billingfelt,  Isaac 
Mishler,  Abraham  Kegerice,  Isaac  Bucher,  Abraham 
Lavan,  Samuel  Lutz,  John  Raezer,  Samuel  Shower. 
It  had  a  prosperous  existence  till  1801-02,  when 
many  of  its  members  became  soldiers,  and  its  meet- 
ings ceased.  It  was  revived  after  the  clo.se  of  the  war, 
and  it  has  been  uninterrupted  since.  In  1878  its 
lodge-room  and  many  of  its  records  were  destroyed 
by  fire.  The  list  of  Past  Grands  is  as  follows:  S. 
Seigfried,  C.  S.  Kinzey,  E.  H.  Rhoads,  J.  Raezer,  A. 
E.  Kline,  J.  Bard,  J.  S.  Royer,  E.  Billingfelt,  J.  M. 
Kline,  D.  Sarah,  A.  J.  Ream,  J.  Irvin,  J.  R.  Mishler, 
A.  J.  Stober,  J.  D.  IMentzer,  A.  Godschalk,  J.  S. 
Nolde,  J.  Getz,  J.  G.  Garman,  W.  Renogig,  J.  Hairn, 
E.  S.  Royer,  D.  L.  Grant,  L.  Lesher,  W.  H.  Walter, 
J.  G.  Root,  E.  M.  S.  Ranck,  S.  Enies,  J.  L.  Elser,  J. 
D,  Trego,  E.  R.  Stark,  R.  B.  Schlott,  Jacob  Davidson. 
The  present  officers  are:  Thomas  J.  Eberly,  N.  G. ; 
Peter  F.  Eberly,  V.  G. ;  \V.  H.  Walter,  Sec;  and 
John  S.  Royer,  Treas.  The  present  membership  is 
fifty-four.  There  is  in  its  treasury  a  surplus  of  two 
thousand  dollars. 

Mills. — Gerhart's  mill,  on  Swamp  Creek,  one  mile 
from  Denver,  was  built  by  Henry  Mishler  early  in 
the  present  century.  It  was  .sold  by  him  to  Samuel 
Buttenmoyer,  and  by  him  to  Samuel  Bucher.  Henry 
Keller  purchased  it  from  Bucher  and  s(d(l  it  to  Peter 
Gerhart,  the  present  owner.  Both  Ibuir  and  feed  are 
ground  here. 

Binkley's  mill  stands  on  Stony  Run,  four  miles 
from  Denver.  It  was  built  by  William  Binkley,  the 
present  owner.  It  has  a  run  of  burrs  and  a  run  of 
chopping-stones. 

Comnjercial  Mill  is  on  Cocalico  Creek,  halt  a  mile 
from  Reanistown.  It  is  a  four-story  mill,  tlie  llr.-.t 
two  stories  of  stone  and  the  second  and  third  of  wood. 
It  lias  four  run  of  stones,  two  of  which  are  burrs  and 
two  chopping-stones,  only  one  of  the  latter  now  in 
use.  A  saw-mill  is  attached  to  this,  and  is  driven  l.y 
water  from  the  same  pond.     A-macliine  also  adjoins 


the  n 
powe 


uid  the  maoh 


cry 


.■n  by 


The  mill  was  built  by  Daniel  S.  Kinsey  early  in 
the  present  century.  He  sold  it  in  1851  to  Henry 
Shirk,  and  in  1807  it  was  purchased  by  his  brother, 
Michael  Shirk.  In  1881  it  was  purcliased  by  the 
present  owner,  R.  A.  Leinbach.  An  engine  of  six- 
teen horse-power  was  added  in  1881  by  ]\Ir.  Leinbach 
to  avoid  tlie  embarrassments  caused  by  drougths.  It 
is  both  a  merchant-  and  a  custom-mill. 

The  machine-shop  attached  to  the  mill  was  formerly 
used  by  Henry  Shirk  as  a  manufactory  of  threshing- 
machines.  It  has  been  idle  during  the  last  five  years. 
Two  mills  have  preceded  this  here.  The  first,  which 
stood  farther  down  the  stream,  was  built  very  early. 
The  second  stood  very  near  to  the  present  one,  and 
occupied  a  portion  of  what  is  now  the  street  that  goes 
by  it. 

Bucher's  mill  is  on  Cocalico  Creek  a  mile  below 
Leiubach's  mill,  and  three-fourths  of  a  mile  fmm 
Reainstown.  It  is  a  stone  mill,  two  stories  in  height, 
and  it  has  two  runs  of  burrs  and  a  run  of  chopping- 
stones.  It  was  built,  in  1817,  by  Christian  and  Cathe- 
rine Knop.  It  was  purchased  by  Sebastian  Gochley 
in  1821,  and  by  his  executors  was  sold  to  Benedict 
Bucher  in  1853,  and  in  1804  his  son,  Monroe  Bucher, 
the  ]iresent  owner,  purchased  it  from  the  executors  of 
his  father's  estate.  An  oil-mill  preceded  this  on  the 
same  site,  but  the  time  of  its  erection  cannot  be 
learned. 

A  fulling-mill  stands  on  Cocalico  Creek,  three- 
fourths  of  a  mile  below  Stauffer's  mill.  It  is  believed 
that  this  was  Imilt  by  Honas  Moore  in  the  latter  part 
of  the  last  century.  Dec.  28,  1814,  it  was  sold  by 
Honas  Moore  and  Catherine,  his  wife,  to  John  Moore, 
Jr.  It  afterward  passed  through  many  hands ;  and 
while  the  domestic  manufacture  of  cloth  was  prac- 
ticed by  the  people  of  this  country^it  was  a  paying 
investment.  With  the  decline  of  this  domestic  in- 
dustry, of  course,  the  business  of  this  as  well  as  other 
fulling-mills  ceased.  It  has  long  been  idle,  although 
it  still  stands  there,  with  its  dam  in  a  tolerably  good 
condition.     Its  present  owner  is  John  Dougherty. 

Distilleries. — There  have  been  five  distilleries  in 
this  township.  These  were  erected  by  Andrew  Bu- 
shong,  three  miles  southeast  from  Reamstown  ;  Jlar- 
tin  H.  Fry,  about  a  mile  from  Bushong's  ;  John  Jlish- 
ler,  half  a  mile  northwest  from  Reamstown;  and 
Jacob  Mishhr,  three  miles  northwest  from  Reams- 
town.  Tliey  were  operated  during  many  years  by 
the  per.-ons  who  est;ililished  them,  but  all  have 
ceased  ;  some  have  been  converted  into  dwellings, 
and  some  liave  gone  to  decay.  One  was  erected  at 
Reamstown  by  Philip  Bushong  in  1835,  and  a  steam- 
mill  was  added  to  it  in  1838.  A  large  business  was 
carried  on  for  a  time,  but  about  1850  it  was  aban- 
doned and  the  fixtures  were  removeil  to  Reading.  A 
large  (piantitv  of  spirits  u  ere  Icit  stored  there,  and  the 
increase  in  its  value,  which  was  caused  by  the  civil 
war,  made  the  ..wiier  vny  wealthy. 
Keller's  Grist-  and  Flouring-Mill,  located  near 


718 


HISTORY  OF  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


the  village  of  what  is  now  Denver,  and  on  the  line  of 
the  Reading  and  Oolunibia  Railroad,  was  built  prior  I 
to  the  present  centnry  by  a  man  named  Hare,  or  Baer,  j 
and  subsequently  sold  to  James  Carlin,  or  Carding, 
and  by  him  sold  to  James  Keller,  father  of  Christian  I 
Keller,  the  present  owner.    It  is  a  stone  building,  and 
contains   lour   run   of  st<,ne,  u^ed   for  lu-tom,  ch(,p, 
and  ilouring. 

Wabash  Flouring;  and  Custom  Mill  is  l(jeated  lui 
the  Coealieo  Creek,  three-ciuarters  of  a  mile   buhiw 
ISueher's  mill,  one  and   a  half  miles   below  Reams- 
town,  and  one  mile  from  Steveiis'  Station.     This  ujill 
is  on  a  plantation  of  six  hundred  acres,  warranted  to  | 
Jacob  llershberger,  who,  in  17C1,  deeded  to  his  son,  | 
John  Hershberger,  (he  property  on  which  the  mill  ' 
now  stands,   containing  one  iinndred   and  fifty-four 
acres,  with  the  [jrivilege  of  overtlowing  one  hundred  j 
and  fifty  acres  additional,  or  so  much  as  would   be  ' 
necessary  for  mill  puri>oses,  forever  hereafter.    Upon 
the  tract  was  a  saw-mill,  standing  on  the  site  of  the 
jiresent    saw-mill,   adjoiniiig    the    grist-mill    snbse-  ! 
ijuently   luiilt,   the   saw-niill   having   been    built   by 


deedi 


prop 


Jacob  Hershberger  previot 
erty  to  his  son. 

In  17G2,  Jacob  Hershberger,  Sr.,  made  a  will,  and 
willed  to  his  three  sons — Joseph,  Abraham,  and  Isaac 
—the  saw-mill.  Whether  J(,hn's  right  by  deed  to  the 
mill  u  as  in  iVe  simple  or  otherwise  is  not  known,  or 
whether  it  was  the  same  mill  mentioned  in  the  will 
is  not  definitely  stated. 

In  1794  the  e.xecutors  of  the  estate  of  Isaac  Hersh- 
berger s(dd  the  mill    property  to   Zent  .'t  lleblK-nhci- 
mer,  and  the  twu  latter  suld  it,  in  17'."7,  to  IVtcr  /erbe, 
and   in    179',)   he  .sold  to  .larob   Klein.     The   property 
then  [lassed  through  the  hands  of  Joseph  Ciorges  ajid  ' 
George  Hacker  to  Jacob  Hower,  wlio  built  the  orig-  I 
inal  grist-mill,  upon  the  site  of  the  jiresont  one.     It  | 
was  then  owned  by  Christina  Long  and  John  Long, 
and  sold  by  the  sheritf,  in  1845,  to  Jacob  and  Abra-  i 
liam  Bowman,  and  in   184(i,  Jacob  Bowman  became  I 
the  owner,  whose  executors  sold  the  mill  property,  in  ' 
1855,  to  Daniel   Bowman,  and   in   185G  the  projjerty 
was  purchased  by  Philip  Staufer,  the  present  owner.  I 
In  18G1,  Mr.  Staufer  rebuilt  the  mills  and  miU-di 
at  an  expense  of  four  thousand  five  hundred  doll 
and  christened  the  flouringmill  "  Wabash." 


BIOGRAPHKJAL     SKETCH. 


the  local  schools  to  such  purpose  that,  at  tlie  age  of 
twenty,  he  essayed  the  n'lli:  of  teacher.  His  maiden 
ellbrt  was  made  in  Ephrata  township,  Lancaster  Co., 
and  eniboldened  by  success,  he  determined  to  push 
on  in  the  course  he  had  chosen.  The  iinderta-kiiig 
proved  a  gratifying  one  in  every  sense,  and  for  four- 
teen successive  years— two  in  Kphrata  and  twelve  in 
K.ist  Cocalico— he  continued  to  gain  an  enviable 
reputation  as  a  diligeiit  and  skillful  instructor.  His 
last  field  was  Reamstown,  where  for  some  years  lie 
taught  the  grammar-scho(d.  While  teaching  there 
he  was  married,  in  1878,  to  Emma,  daughter  of  J.  JI. 
Sallade,  of  Reamstown.  In  1879  he  closed  his  ex- 
perience as  a  teacher,  and  engaged  at  Reamstown  in 
the  business  of  dealing  in  cigars  and  leaf  tobacco. 
In  1880  he  added  to  his  etiterprises  a  cigar  manufac- 
tory at  Reamstown,  and  in  1881  set  in  motion  asecond 
factory,  at  Denver,  to  which  point  he  then  removed 
his  residence.  In  his  two  factories  he  employs  thirty- 
five  hands,  carries  on  an  extensive  and  fionrishing  in- 
dustry, and  ranks  among  the  foremost  as  a  progressive, 
liberal-spirited  citizen.  He  gives  to  his  business  in- 
terests— including,  besides  manufacture,  large  dealings 
in  tobacco  and  cigars — his  constant  and  watchful  caie, 
and  in  all  his  methods  holds  to  careful  deliberation, 
as  well  as  to  quick  comprehension  and  sjicedy  action, 
when  emergencies  demand  such  ellbrt.  Although  no 
seekerafter  oHice  and  no  dabbler  in  |iolitics,  he  keeps 
abreast  of  the  times,  and  holds  it  his  duty  to  follow 
with  earnest  interest  the  progress  of  events  in  the 
jiolitical,  as  well  as  the  social,  world.  He  was  a  dele- 
gale  to  the  Republican  State  Convention  in  1881,  and 
discliarged  his  trust  with  much  zealous  ability.  He 
is  a  member  of  Cocalico  Lodge,  No.  408,  I.  0.  0.  F., 
has  occu])ied  all  the  otiices  therein,  and  tor  four  years 
was  the  representative  from  the  lodge  to  the  Grand 
Lodge  ;  is  a  member  of  Cocalico  Lodge,  No.  400, 
K.  of  P.,  and  for  three  years  represented  that  lodge 
in  the  Grand  Lotlge.  Public  education  has  ever 
found  in  him  an  active  and  spirited  advocate,  and  in 
recognition  of  his  valuable  and  extended  career  as  a 
teacher,  he  was  called  upon  to  serve  ou  the  important 
committee  on  teachers'  permanent  certificates  for  the 
countv. 


CHAPTER    XLIII. 

E.ST    COCALICO    TOW.N'SllIl 


JOHN  S.  NOLDE, 
jirominent  manufacturer  and  tobacco  dealer  of  Den- 
ver, was  born'  in  Franklin  County,  Pa.,  Oct.  23,  1844. 
His  father,  Lawrence  Nolde,  emigrated  from  Ger- 
many to  America  in  1840,  when  a  young  man,  and 
settled  in  Franklin  County,  where  he  married  Martha 
Strubc.  She  died  in  1868.  Of  their  three  children, 
all  are  living.     John,  the  only  son,  was  educated  in 


Geography,  Topography,  and  Soil.— West  Co- 
calico occupies  the  most  northern  pijsition  of  the 
subdivi.-ions  of  the  county.  Its  greatest  length  from 
north  to  south  is  seven  miles,  and  its  greatest  width 
is  five  miles.  It  has  Berks  and  Lebanon  Counties  on 
the  north,  East  Cocalico  on  the  east,  Ephrata  on  the 


1  E.  Shirk. 


WEST   COCALICO   TOWNSHIP. 


south,  and  Clay  township  on  the  west.     The  soutliern 
extremity,  popuhirly  known  as  Grtiben  Land  (on  ac-  ' 
count  of  its    heing  at   first   cleared    from    hazel-nut  | 
bushes  witii  the  pick-axe),  is  comiiaratively  level  or 
undulating.     The  soil  is  a  mixture  of  red  loam  and 
saiid,  or  wdiat  is  generally  called  limestone  land.      It  I 
is   very   fertile,  and    yields    plentifully   when    under 
proper  cultivation.     North  of  this  section  the  town- 
ship   is    traversed    by    the    iron-stone    ridge,    which 
crosses  the  State  from  Sinking  Spring  to  Marietta. 
North  of  this  ridge  we  find  gravel  laud,  forming  the 
southern  base  of  the  ridge  which  divides  the  lime- 
stone region  from  swamp.     This  gravel  soil  is  com- 
paratively fertile,  and  yields  early  and  abundantly, 
on  account  of  being  exposed  to  tlie  rays  of  the  noon-  | 
day  sun  and   shielded    from   the  cold  winds  by  the  i 
ridge.     The   dividing   ridge   is   mostly  covered  with  | 
forest.     The    chestnut    jiredominates,    but    in    some 
places  the  trees  ha\e  been  cut  away  and  the  soil  is  ; 
cultivated. 

The  swamps  and  creeks  which  form  the  greater  jiart 
of  the  township  are  north  of  this  ridge.  Two  local 
names  are  applied  to  this  swamp,  viz.,  Lower  and 
Upper  Swamps.  The  forjner  comprises  the  eastern 
and  the  latter  the  western  section.  On  the  extreme 
north  we  have  the  Cocalieo  Ridge,  where  the  land  is 
quite  hilly  and  not  so  fertile,  being  frequently  badly 
washed  by  heavy  rains.  Upper  Swamp  is  drained  by 
the  Cocalieo  Creek,  which  comes  in  from  Lebanon 
County  on    the    northwest    and    flows   east    to   John 

portion  of  the  limestone  region,  and  enters  East  Co- 
calico  near  Denver.  This  swamp  is  also  drained  by 
numerous  atiluents  of  the  Cocalieo,  of  which  Har- 
nish's  Creek  is  the  most  important.  Lower  Swamp 
is  drained  by  Swamp  Creek  and  its  affluents.  The 
limestone  region  is  drained  by  Steinmetz's  Bivulet, 
which  takes  its  rise  north  of  Sclujeneck  and  Hows 
south  into  Trout  Creek.  The  western  part  is  drained 
by  Indian  Creek,  which  forms  the  greater  part  of  the 
western  boundary  line. 

Railroad. — The  Reading  and  Columbia  Railroad 
passes  through  the  northeastern  jiart  of  the  townshi]), 
with  Reinhold's  as  the  only  station  in  the  townshi|,. 
This  railroad  was  built  in  lS(i:i-G4. 

Indian  Occupation.— Little  is  known  of  the  In- 
dians who  lived  here  many  years  ago.  They  onee  had 
huts  along  Indian  Creek,  which  bears  its  present  name 
for  that  cause,  but  no  legends  are  left  of  their  doings. 
Arrow-heads  made  of  flint  are  occasionally  found  in 
the  fields  at  present.  It  is  said  that  an  Indian  lived 
in  Lower  Swamp  who  took  part  in  the  massacre  of 
Wyoming  in  1778,  but  this  story  is  not  authentic. 
In  about  1814  some  forty  Indians  can)e  from  farther 
west,  and  passed  through  Reiuholdsville  on  their  way 
to  Philadelidiia  to  draw  their  annual  dues  for  their 
lands.  While  staying  here  they  amused  the  whites 
by  shooting  sixpenves  (which  they  seldom  missed) 
from  sticks  stuck  into  the  grouud,  and  sjilit  at  the  top 


money  was  put  up  by   the 
ly  the  arrow  belonged  to  the 


to  hold  the  coin 
whites,  and  when 
Indians. 

Geuealog-y  and  Settlement  of  the  Shirk  Family. 

—  In  \i:Vl,  Mhieh  Shirk,  with  six  mhis  and  two 
daughter--  came  from  Switzerland  to  find  a  home  in 
the  New  World.  They  laiuled  at  Philadcli.hia,  and 
went  to  the  vicinity  of  Lancaster,  where  they  remained 
l.ir  a  year.     In   178;i   three  of  the  sons,  Ulrich,  Cas- 

the  vicinity  of  Schueneck,  this  township,  taking  up 
about  fifteen  hundred  acres  of  laud.  Of  the  other 
three  sons — Michael,  Joseph,  and  Peter— one  settled 
near  New  Holland,  one  along  the  Conestoga,  and  the 
other  near  Mount  Joy.  (Jf  the  two  daughters  nothing 
is  known. 

Ulrich  Shirk,  who  came  with  his  father,  Ulrich, 
was  born  .\.l>.  1711,  died  1763.  He  was  married  to 
Annie  Swar  in  1735.  (Her  mother's  maiden  name 
was  Adaline  Lawrence,  and  came  from  France.)  She 
was  born  in  1720,  and  died  in  1810.  Ulrich  Shirk 
reared  a  family  of  three  sons  and  seven  daughters, — 
Ulrich,  born  May  IG,  1751,  died  May  14,  1842.  He 
was  married  to  Maria  Eberly,  born  Dec.  20,  1759, 
died  June  20,  1831.  David  was  married  to  Barbara 
Erb.  Michael,  born  May  26,  1758.  died  April  4,  1827. 
He  was  married  to  Barbara  Flickinger,  born  July  26, 
1759,  died  Dec.  2,  1820.  Of  the  seven  daughters, 
Elizabeth  was  married  to  John  Fimk,  Barbara  to 
John  Yagy,  Annie  to  John  Frantz,  Kate  to  Joseph 
Bare,  Magdalemi  to  David  Gockley,  Sallie  to  Adam 
Frantz,  and  Maria  to  George  Frantz.  Ulrich  Shirk 
(born  1761)  liad  a  family  of  twelve  children,  seven 
sons  and  five  daughters,  viz. :  John,  David,  Samuel, 
Jacob,  Ulrich,  Joseph,  and  Peter,  Annie,  Catharine, 
Lizzie,  Miali,  and  Sallie.  The  last.-named  son,  Peter, 
was  married  to  Fanny  Weaver.  Their  son,  Moses, 
resides  at  present  in  the  old  homestead  of  the  first- 
named  Ulrich,  and  has  a  family  of  five  daughters  and 
one  son.  Michael  Shirk,  brother  of  Ulrich  (born 
1751),  had  a  family  of  five  sons  and  four  daughters, 
viz.:  John,  Jacob,  Michael,  Joseph,  Joel,  Catharine, 
Nancy,  Bevy,  and  Betsy.  Of  this  generation  Joel  is 
the  only  one  still  living,  and  resides  near  Albion, 
Ind.  The  second  son,  Jacob,  was  married  to  Annie 
llanck,  and  had  a  family  of  thirteen  children,  six 
sons  and  seven  daughters,  viz. :  Henry,  George,  Jacob, 
Rudolph,  Michael,  Obed,  Mary,  Susan,  Annie,  Leah, 
Lizzie,  Sarah,  and  Hannah.  Henry,  born  May  25, 
1812,  died  Dec.  13,  1878,  was  married  to  Miss  Bncher, 
and  had  a  family  of  two  daughters  and  six  sons. 
George  died  at  twenty-five  years  of  age.  Jacob,  mar- 
ried to  Ann  Brubaker,  has  a  family  of  one  daughter. 
Rudolph,  nuuried  to  Bevy'Reinhold,  has  a  family  of 
six  daughters  and  three  sons. 

Michael,  born  Sept.  20,  1820,  died  Sept.  1(1,  1881, 
was  married  to  Mary  Eberly;  had  a  family  of  two 
sons  and  two  daughters.  He  liehl  the  olliee  of  county 
treasurer  for  two  years  during  the  civil  war,  and  served 


720 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


a  number  of  years  as  prison  director.  Obed,  married 
to  Elizabeth  Eberly,  has  a  family  of  five  sons  and  five 
daughters, — Jacob,  Edwin,  Milton,  Menno,  Obed  (de- 
ceased), Kate,  Lizzie  (deceased),  Annie,  Sallie,  and 
Emma.  Jacob  married  Su.san  B.  Wolf,  Hilton  E.  to 
Lizzie  Miller,  and  Jlenno  to  Susan  ILigy.  The  fol- 
lowing persons  now  live  on  the  land  first  occupied  by 
the  original  Shirk  family:  Rudolph  Shirk,  Moses 
Shirk,  Obed  Shirk,  JMilton  E.  Shirk,  Jlenuo  Shirk, 
Daniel  Steiumetz,  Jacob  Wcist,  Adam  Fry,  Hiram 
Snyder,  Peter  Hagy,  Jeremiah  Zually,  and  David 
Brubaker.  In  1780  we  find  that  Ulrich,  David,  and 
Michael,  sons  of  the  original  Ulrich  Sliirk,  were  the 
only  Shirks  then  living  in  the  township  of  Cocalico, 
which  proves  that  Casper  and  John  had  already  sold 
their  property  and  left  for  other  parts.  The  land 
occupied  by  the  first  three  Shirks  extended  from  a 
point  three-quarters  of  a  mile  north  of  the  village  of 
Schoeneck  to  a  black-oak  a  mile  and  a  tpiarter  south 
of  Schoeneck,  from  thence  to  Denver,  and  from  Den- 
ver northwest  to  the  place  of  beginning. 

Becker  Family. — In  about  1737,  I'eter  Becker  set- 
tled a  tract  of  filty  acres  of  land  west  of  Ulrich  Shirk's 
land.  This  tract  is  now  owned  by  Ezra  Becker,  a 
descendant  of  the  first  settler.  In  1730  a  tract  of 
land  containing  one  hundred  and  seventy-four  acres 
was  surveyed  west  of  Ulrich  Shirk's  land,  and  north 
of  Peter  Becker's  land. 

Hyple  Tract.— In  1738,  on  the  IGth  of  August, 
fifty  acres  of  this  tract  was  granted  to  Paul  Hyple. 
This  tract  embraced  the  land  on  whicli  the  village  of 
Schoeneck  is  now  situated. 

Stetler  Tract.— On  Aug.  12,  1738,  Christian  Stetler 
received  a  deed  from  John,  Thomas,  and  Kichard 
Penn  for  the  remaining  one  hundred  and  twenty-four 
acres  for  the  consideration  of  nineteen  pounds,  five 
shillings,  and  fourpence,  lawful  money  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. This  deed  reserved  the  right  of  three-fifths  of 
the  productions  of  all  the  royal,  or  money,  mines, 
and  one-fifth  of  the  productions  of  all  other  mines, 
free  from  cost  of  mining  and  refining.  Also  a  tax  of 
one-half  penny  per  acre  was  to  be  paid  annually,  on 
the  1st  of  March,  at  Lancaster,  in  specie  or  currency, 
whatever  the  exchange  may  be.  If  not  i)aid  within 
ninety  days  after  the  1st  of  March,  the  contract  be- 
came void.  In  1742,  Christian  Stetler  sold  liis  tract 
to  Peter  Shirk,  one  of  the  original  Shirks,  who  in 
17G0  sold  it  to  Christian  Newcomer  for  three  hundred 
and  thirty  pounds.  Newcomer  afterwar<ls  sold  it  to 
Jacob  Hagy,  whose  grandsons,  Sonomont  and  John, 
now  own  it. 

Stauffer  Tract.— In  1742,  on  the  15th  of  Septem- 
ber, Abraham  Staufl'er  obtained  a  grant  of  one  hun- 
dred and  ninety-four  and  one-fourth  acres,  situated 
■west  of  Christian  Stetler's  land,  and  north  of  Peter 
Becker's,  who,  in  17til,  sold  one  hundred  acres  to 
Peter  Brubaker.  This  tract  wa^  successively  owned 
by  Daniel  15ear,  Stophel  Gselle,  John  Gsclle,  John 
Keller,    Daniel    Keller,    Jacob    Eberly,    and     Henry 


Eberly,  who  at  present  owns  the  greater  part  of  the 
original  one  hundred  and  ninety-four  acres. 

In  1733  a  tract  west  of  Cocalico  Creek,  containing 
one  hundred  and  twenty-five  acres,  was  granted  to 
Ulrich  Carpenter,  and  in  1737  a  tract  of  one  huiKlred 
and  fourtecli  and  three-quarters  acres  to  George  Mas- 
ters. These  men  did  not  comply  with  the  rules  of 
agreement,  and  their  contract  was  declared  void. 

Eberly  Tract.-In  1741,  Israel  Eberly  obtained  a 
patent  of  these  two  tracts,  containing  two  hundred 
and  thirty-nine  and  three-quarters  acres,  for  sixteen 
pounds  and  five  shillings.  This  patent  was  granted 
in  the  fifteenth  year  of  the  reign  of  King  George  II., 
under  the  same  conditions  as  that  of  Christian  Stetler. 
This  tract  was  afterwards  successively  owned  by  Chris- 
tian Lichty,  Christian  Schleehty,  Anthony  Dornbach, 
John  Dornbach,  Jacob  Dornbach,  and  Obed  Dorn- 
bach, who  resides  there  at  present. 

Bricker  Tract.  —  About  the  same  time  Peter 
Bricker  obtained  a  grant  of  a  tract  containing  seven 
or  eight  hundred  acres,  situated  east  of  the  Cocalico 
Creek.  In  175'J  he  built  a  house  bearing  the  follow- 
ing inscription :  "Gottgesegne  discs  haus,  und  ales 
was  da  geget  ein  und  aus;  Gott  gesegne  ale  sampt, 
und  dar  zu,  das  gamze  lant.  Gott  alein  die  ehr,  sonst 
keinem  manschen  mehr.  Anno  1759  jahrs.  Peter 
Bricker,  Elizabeth  Brickerin."  The  above  German 
inscription,  when  translated  into  English,  reads  as 
follows:  God  bless  this  house  and  all  that  go  in 
and  out;  God  bless  all,  and  to  it  the  whole  laud. 
Give  God  the  honor,  and  no  one  else.  In  the  year  of 
our  Lord  1751).  Peter  Bricker,  Elizabeth  Bricker. 
This  house  is  a  large  sandstone  building,  thirty-six 
by  forty  feet,  and  was  first  used  as  an  inn.  It  was 
at  first  roofed  with  tiles,  but  these  have  been  replaced 
by  shingles.  The  house  is  still  as  gpod  as  new,  and 
is  owned  by  Samuel  Kurtz.  About  one  and  a  half 
miles  farther  south,  on  the  west  side,  close  to  the  Co- 
calico, stands  another  bouse  of  the  same  size  and 
make,  but  who  the  builder  was  we  were  unable  to 
learn.     It  is  at  present  owned  by  Jacob  Smith. 

Weist  Tract— In  1703,  Jacob  Weist  bought  a 
tract  of  one  hundred  and  ninety-three  and  one-half 
acres  of  land,  situated  in  the  northern  part  of  the 
townshij),  from  Christian  Bauchman,  of  Lebanon 
County.  After  his  death  he  left  it  to  his  son,  Chris- 
tian, who  was  the  lather  of  Dr.  Samuel  Weist,  the 
first  doctor  of  West  Cocalico.  He  was  born  Nov.  25, 
1790,  and  diecl  Jan.  9,  1883.  His  nephew.  Dr.  Sam- 
uel Weist,  and  ])r.  Lewis  Weist,  also  a  descendant  of 
the  same  family,  arr  at  present  prominent  doctors  of 
Schoeneck. 

Another  early  settlement  was  made  by  Hans  Peel- 
man,  who  in  1745  obtained  a  grant  of  three  hundred 
and  thirty-seven  acres,  situated  east  of  Reinholds- 
ville,  and  is  at  present  owned  by  Isaac  Eberly.  Other 
settlers  near  Reinholdsville  i)revious  to  Peelman 
were  Jacob  Briinner,  JMichael  Aniwake,  Abraham 
Yaegy,  John  Zimiucnnan,  and  Peter  Shoemaker. 


WEST   COCALTCO   TOWNSHIP. 


The  Cones    Tract. — Jolm   Cones   and    liis    sister 

iiif  to  this  country  from  Switzerliuid  in  about  1730. 
.  Tiiey  arrived  at  Plii[adel])lii;i,  and  being  unable  to 
])ay  tlieir  fare,  were  Ijound  out  for  a  term  of  service  I 
amounting  to  the  cost  of  ireight.  By  tliis  mishap  tlie  I 
brother  and  sister  were  sepanited,  and  knew  notliing 
of  eacli  other  till  many  years  lia<l  fla|i>ud.  On  meet- 
ing again,  they  were  unable  tn  expi\->s  their  joy  in 
words,  while  their  cheeks  were  moistened  with  tears 
of  gladness.  After  being  released  from  servitude, 
Jolm  came  to  Cocalico  township  and  obtained  a  pat- 
ent I'or  about  three  hundred  acres  of  land  where  Black 
Horse  Hotel  now  stands.  The  greater  part  of  his 
land  lies  in  East  Cocalico.  Black  Horse  Hotel  was 
built  by  John  Cones  in  1759  and  17t;0.  This  build- 
ing is  still  used  as  a  public-house,  and  is  the  oldest 
tavern  in  West  Cocalico. 

HertZOg's  Valley.— What  is  now  known  as  Hert- 
zog's  Valley  was  first  settled  by  a  man  named  Wertz. 
.Afterwards  Nicholas  Hertzog  came  into  possession  of 
it,  whose  son,  Nicholas,  had  a  soli  named  Peter,  who 
\v.is  the  father  of  Samuel,  Peter,  John,  Daniel,  and 
William.  Of  this  generation  Daniel  was  the  father 
of  Samuel,  Daniel,  and  John,  Saiftuel  and  Daniel 
are  now  living  in  the  old  valley. 

The  Baptists  of  Ephrata  early  obtained  a  patent  of 
a  large  tract  of  land  situated  northeast  of  Schoeneck, 
where  they  obtained  much  of  their  timber  used  for 
building  purposes  at  Ephrata.  The  llcdis,  IJolands, 
Hares,  Millers,  and  Keddigs  were  among  the  early 
settlers  of  what  is  now  Stevens'  Station. 

Taxables  for  1780.— We  compile  the  following 
lirti  uf  names  of  freeholders  who  had  possessions  in 
West  Cocalico  in  1780,  with  their  assessment: 

Jacob  Aiuwpg,  40  acrt-B,  2  liursus,  2  cows,  value  £1  0,  tax  JtiJ. 


I,  value  £:nc,  tax  £107. 
alue  £0(1,  bix  £00. 
,  vuluo  £70,  tax  £50. 


:  cowB,  value  £010 


Duvid  UrkkiT,  aio  acres,  2  1 


168,  t  hordes,  3  ( 


;  £191. 


,  1. IX  £100. 
-IX  £105. 
£125. 


lax  £S5. 

to. 

.  tax  £185. 


)  acroa,  2  1 


WWu 


:  £,-,UL', 


John  Hefly,  60  acres,  2  l.oi,-.  ,,  j  .  .« 
Joseph  llelly,  15  I  acres,  4  horscs.'t  ^ 
Nicholas  llerlzog,  60  acres,  2  hoises,  2  cows,  value £fj 
Jolm  Jackey,  100  acres,  3  horses,  4  cows,  value  £242,  t 
40 


Geoi  »e  Keily,  .50  acre 
Henry  KeinliolJ,  23  i 
Williimi  Rock,  3  acri 
Jacoh  Roland,  30  acr 
Ulricli  Sluik,  130  uci 
David  SI, ill,.  1!  I. u;. 
Mlcl.,,.l  -        ,       :        . 


William  Walter,  60  acres,  2  li.,raea,  3  cu«s,  value  £I2'J,  tax  £46. 
Jac.h  Zinn,  00  acres,  2  cows,  value  £70,  tax  £45. 

Adolphus  Zimmeruiaii,  60  acres,  2  horses,  2  cows,  value  £86,  tax  £50. 
Peter  Zimmernuiu,  20O  acres,  value  £400,  tax  £125. 

The  above  list  of  names  is  taken  from  a  list  con- 
taining the  names  of  all  the  freeholders  of  Cocalico 
township,  and  may  contain  the  names  of  several  who 
did  not  live  within  the  limits  of  West  Cocalico  at  that 
time,  but  have  subsequently  moved  hither.  The  old 
list  also  contains  several  names  of  persons  who  lived 
within  the  present  limits  of  Clay.  From  what  we 
could  gather  the  persons  named  in  the  above  list  re- 
sided on  their  respective  plantations  as  follows: 

Jacob  Aiinveg  lived  near  Roinholdsville,  and  was 
probably  the  son  of  ;\licliael  Amweg,  who  settled 
there  before  1745. 

Abraham  Bear  lived  on  the  farm  now  owned  by 
Jacob  Fry,  near  Stevens'  Station. 

Henry  Blumshine  lived  north  of  Revnholdsville. 

Henry  Binkley  lived  south  of  Keinholdsville,  on 
the  farm  now  owned  by  Peter  Gre.ss,  and  had  the 
oldest  tannery  knnwnjii  West  Cocalico. 

George  Brunner  ifved  near  Keinholdsville,  was 
probably  the  son  of  .lac.ib  r>ruiiner,  one  of  the  tirst 
settlers. 

John,  Christian,  David,  and  Peter  Uricker,  in  Cum- 
berland, were  the  sons  of  Peter  Bricker,  who  settled 
east  of  the  Cocalico  Creek,  near  Cocalico  post-oflice. 

Peter  Becker  and  his  mother.  Widow  Becker,  lived 
one  and  a  lutlf  miles  south  of  S.hdeiieck,  near  Indian 
Creek,  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  Maitin  liecker,  a 
descendant  of  Peter  Becker. 

Jo.seph  and  Christian  ('(.mail  lived  about  one  mile 
north  of  Schoeneck.  on  land  now  owned  by  Jacob 
Conrad. 

Anthony  and  Jacob  Dornbach  lived  on  the  land 
settled  by  Israel  Eberly  in  17-11,  on  the  farms  now 
owned  by  Obed  and  Jacob  Dornba(di. 

Jacob  Dissler  lived  near  Cocalico  Creek,  one  mile 
south  of  Cocalico  iwist-oilice. 

Joseph  and  John  Flickinger  lived  near  Keinhold's 
Station  ;  John  was  the  owner  and  probably  the  builder 
of  tlie  mill  now  owned  by  William  Mellinger. 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Henry  Hyple  wiis  the  owner  of  the  present  seat  of  | 
Schoeneck,  after  the  death  of  his  father,  Paul  Hyple,  | 
the  first  settler. 

Samuel  Harnish  lived  on  Harni^ii  Creek,  and  was  | 
the  builder  .of  the  mill  now  owned  by  William  j 
Beehtel. 

George  Hoh  lived  near  wliat  is  now  Stevens'  Station,  j 

on  the  farm  now  owned  by  .Vdani  Shibaeh.  ! 

Jo.seph  and  John  Hefly  liveil  in  the  scnithern  part  j 

of  West  Cocalico,  on    Indian    Creek,  on   farms   iiuw  j 

owned  by  Jacob  and  Adam  Keller. 

Nicholas  Hertzog  lived  iji  Hertzog's  Valley,  on  the  ! 
farm  now  owned  by  John  Hart. 

Jolm  and  Josei)h  Jackey  were  ijrobably  the  sons  of 
Abraham  Jackey,  who  w:is  ,„„■  (,ttlie  pioneer  settlers  I 
of  the  vicinity  of  Reinhold-ville.  1 

David   Landis   lived    on   the   farm   now  owned  by 

Christian  Wenger,  situate  one  mile  west  of  Steven=',  ] 

on  Steinmetz's  Run.  I 

Michael   Kegeri.-,e   lived   in   the   vicinity  of  Black  ' 

Horse.  1 

Christian  Newcomer  lived  near  Schoeneck,  on  the 
farm  now  owned  by  Solomon  liagy.  ' 

John  Ober  owned  the  land  on  »hich  the  village  of 
Eeinholdsville  is  located. 

Adam,  Joseph,  and  Christopher  Oberly  lived  on 
farms  west  of  Schoeneck,  along  Indian  Creek. 

George  Redy  lived  in  the  northern  i)art  of  the  town- 
ship, wliere  some  of  his  descendants  are  still  living. 
Jacob   Roland   lived   on  the   farm   now  owned  by 
Eev.  Stephen  Sweitzer,  situated  near  Stevens'  Station. 
Henry  Reinhokl  lived  near  Reinholdsville,  and  was 
probably  the  ancestor  of  the  Reiiihokl  family. 

L'Irich,  David,  and  jMichael  Shirk  were  the  sons  of 
Ulrich  Shirk,  who  came  with  his  father,  Ulricli,  iV.im 
Switzerland  in  1732.  Ulrich  lived  on  the  farm  now 
owned  by  Moses,  David,  on  the  farm  nnw  owned  by 
Rndol[.h,  and  Michael  on  one  now  owne.l  by  dbeil 
Shirk. 

William  Shoemaker  was  the  sf>n  of  Peter  Shoe- 
maker, who  settled  near  what  is  nnw  Reirdiold's  Sta- 
tion, some  time  in  the  year  ISlo. 

Jacob  Sunday  lived  west  of  the  Cocalico  Creek,  on 
the  farm  now  owned  by  Samuel  Dornbach. 

Christian  Weist  lived  in  the  northern  part  of  the 
township,  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  tUiristian  Wei.st, 
a  grandson  of  tlie  first  Christian. 

Michael  and  William  Walter  live.l  on  a  farm  situ- 
ated onemilesouth  of  UeinholdsviUe,  on  tl 
Creek. 

Jacob  Zinn  lived  on  the  farm  now  owne. 
Smith,  near  Mengle's  Mill. 

Adolphusand  Peter  Zimmerman  were  pr 
sons  of  John  Zimmerman,  who  w:i--  mie  ol'  t 
settlers  of  the  vieinily  of  Reinliold's  Stati.m. 
names  mentioned  in  the  ta.\-li>l  and  nut  de 
here  are  names  that  are  now  well  knuwn  : 
h(jlders,  but  can  have  no  place  a.s.signrd  Ih 
17S0  with  sufficient  authority. 


Civil  List. — Tlie  following  have  been  the  principal 
:iwn.--hiij  olllcer=  from  the  time  indicated: 


UONSTAliI.ES. 


I805-li7.  .liu-obCnell. 
181.8-811.  Henry  Wisi.. 
IS81-83.  Sulonioii  WeiiiliolJ. 


JUSTICES  OF  THE  PE.\CE. 


J.,cul. 

Hon 

1842 

Willi. 

111  {; 

Buiiiii 

1  lii, 

1843 

DitviJ 

lull 

Gei.rt 

.  (..■ 

1844 

Jus,.,. 

1  l.o, 

Jul, 11 

llnil 

1S4.=1 

J 

i.m 

181G 

&Z'n 

1  1),, 

Lii.lx 

K  11 

1847 

JhcuI 
Daiiie 

i:i.,- 

1848 

Jullil 

K..ik 

Be„j. 

mill 

1849 

JlKl, 

fl  E 

18.111 

Il.Lvi. 

Eh. 

Telel 

Mill 

18J1 

DiLl.i 

1  111' 

Coc: 

lico 

18:.5.  Eiimi.u.-I  sliiik. 

I).u,i.-I  ll.-it/,.t.-, 

1350    Siiniu.  1  Jl.-lliiiKB 

by  J 

cob 

Miiilin  .Mmkl.y. 
18o7.  J..I111  OeiiBiiiicr. 

lablx 

the 

J..I111  ll.i.k. 
18JS.  Jvlin  11. ut. 

1SC7.  B.  B.  Flickinger. 


I'ERvrsons. 


1.,'V 

Uulh. 

18G4. 

Emu 

nuel  Shirk, 
-thin  Mure. 

18G5 

Iliiii 

el  Lutz. 

J. ,1,11  GL-iisemer. 

IbOO 

07    JuliiiSliiirp. 

Ji.h 

iJi-nsi-nier. 

18C8 

Joh 

1  Gensenier. 

Lhv 

Until. 

1309 

Juh 

C-nsemer. 

Ueil 

len  Hertzog. 

1870 

Juh 

1  Gi-nscniLT. 

J„h 

Slii,r|i. 

1871 

Juli 

,  sharp. 
i,im  Feiisler. 

1872 

J,.li 

,  shiirp. 

Jan 

M  L„i,e. 

1873 

Jim 

es  L.,lie. 

Jos 

pli  Mujer. 

1874 

JlR- 

1,  D„r„..s. 

Jiisr 

|,h  Muyer. 

1875 

Jo, 

pi,  Muyer. 

VVi 

iani  Milling 

1876 

Jus 

ph  ,M„yer. 

1)1., 

i,.l  Lnlz. 

1877 

Dm 

i,-l  Lulz. 
r  GeUinger. 

1878 

Dm 

lei  Lulz. 

Ju 

,11  lluw 

1882 

1. 
II 

wis  U.n 

nry  W  is 

1S83 

11 

i.ry  Wi 

Statistics.— West  Cocalico  h 
acres  asse>sed  land;  Ili.i'i-IG  acres 
and  32.38  is  timber-  and  meadow 


irea  of  16,801 


WEST    COCALIOO   TOWNSHIP. 


M.uioy  ni,  i„iu.i-6t 


The  townsliip  has  at  incsL'iit,- 


1880, 


aid  I 


.   In  18(58  it  had  G80  taxaliles.     Poiuilation 
2480. 

Sehoeneck. — Tlie  village  of  Sclioeneck 
out  hy  Henry  Hyple  some  time  between   the  years 
1780-90.     It  received  its  name  from  a  traveler  who, 
when  he  came  to  this  spot,  said,  "  Das  ist  ein  selioen 
eck"   ("This  is   a  beautiful    corner"),   which   name 
it  has  since  retained.     In  1792,  Jacob  Hagy  erected 
the  lirst  hotel,  which  has  been  kept  by  tlie  following 
persons:  Jacob  Hagy,  Jacob  Shirk,  Samuel  Shower, 
Henry  Apple,   John    \V.   Jlentzer,   Daniel    Mishler,  ! 
Henry  Wechter,  Frank  Wechter,  Jacob  E.  Lutz,  and  j 
W.  F.  Stuber,  the  present  incumbent.     In  1847,  Dr. 
Samuel  Weist  erected  a  store-house,  which  is  at  present  | 
kept  by  his  grandson,  L.  M.  Weist.     Another  store-  j 
house,  now  owned   by  Ellas  Slober,  was  erected  by 
DanielBruner  in   1858.     Previous  to  these  stores  a  | 
small  place  of  merchauilise  was  kept  by  Jacob  Ilagy.  j 
In  1848,  Jesse  Keinhold  built  the  first  coachmaker-  | 
shop,  and  did  quite  an  extensive  business  till  about 
the  year  18G5,   when   he   discontinued   the   business. 
The  shop  was  subsequently  occupied  as  a  suhmn  liy 
James  Shower.     Later  it  was  remodfleil,  and  is  now 
owned  by  Jacob  Fausnacht,  as   a   private  residL-nce. 
In  1868,  D.  M.  Leisey,  erected  a  second  sho|.,  which  | 
la  still   occupied   for  that  i)urpose.     The  lirst  black-  , 
smith-   and    machine-shop   were    erected   by   Jacob 
Shirk,  182-5,  situated   one   mile  south  of  Sclioeneck. 
These  have  been  discontinued  since  about  18.04.     In 
about  1830  he  began  to  supply  the  people  with  fresh  ; 
beef  during  summer,  and  had  the  first  butcher-shop  I 
in  the  township.     Later  butchers  were  Adam  Sharp,  j 
J.  W.  Mentzer,  Adam  Sharp,  Jr.,  and  I.  M.  Leisey.      I 

Reinholdsville  was  laid  out  in  lots  by  John  Ober. 
It  was  at  first  called  "  White  Hall,"  but  during  liu- 
chanan's  administration,  Sepiire  Benjamin  Reinhold  1 
succeeded  in  having  the  name  changed  to  Reinholds- 
ville. The  store  and  hotel  were  built  about  1840, 
and  are  at  present  owned  by  Joseph  Lutz.  Another 
place  of  merchandise  is  the  store  now  owned  by  Levi 
W.  Mentzer  &  Son.  It  was  built  by  John  Showalter 
in  1856. 

Reinhold's  Station  was  named  after  its  founder. 
Col.  Jesse  Reinhold,  who  built  a  large  and  commodi- 
ous hotel  in  1804,  soon  after  the  Reading  and  Columbia 
Railroad  Company  had  opened nts  road  for  business. 
This  house  was  for  a  time  occupied  as  a  hotel,  ticket-, 
post-,  and  telegraph-office,  with  .Mr.  Reinliold  as  post- 


master and  station  agent.  During  the  summer  Jlr. 
Reinhold  had  his  house  open  as  a  resort  for  recrea- 
tion, it  being  generally  patronized  by  Philadelphians. 
In  1S?0,  Jlr.  Peinhi.lil  died.  After  his  death  the 
railroad  cojnpauy  hiiilt  a  fiiu'  ilupot,  when  the'tele- 
graphotlice,  i-lc,  was  n-movud  liom  the  hotel,  which 
is  now  owiK'd  by  Ab-.  llartman.  After  the  erec- 
tion of  the  depot,  l'>,ra  lIa^■^i^■^,  ICsq.,  succeeded  Mr. 
Reinhold  as  station  agent  and  telegraph  oi)erator, 
which  ])OKition  he  still  holds.  In  1882  five  new  houses 
were  erected.  The  most  noted  is  that  of  John  K. 
Bucher,  who  opened  a  hardware-store  in  the  spring 
of  1883.  Owen  Bruner  has  a  general  merchandise 
store  wdiich  was  built  several  years  ago.  In  this 
building  the  post-ollice  is  kept,  with  Mr.  ]3rnner  as 
jiostniaster.  The  enal-  and  liiinber-yard  is  owned  by 
Henry  Bruner.  Keinlii.Ul's  Station  Creamery  was 
built  in  l.sM,  and  ..pened  f..r  business  June  18th  of 
that  year,  with  aliout  two  thousand  pounds  milk  per 
day.  At  present  it  u>ei  nearly  live  thousand  pounds. 
The  founders  and  i)roprietors  are  Schaflfer  &  Erb, 
from  Crooked  Hill,  Montgomery  Co.,  Pa.  The  present 
manager  is  M.  P.  Keith. 

Stevens  is  another  village  adjacent  to  the  railroad, 
Stevens'  Station  and  a  part  of  the  village  being  in 
East  Cocalico.  In  1855,  Samuel  Slabach  built  a 
large  and  commodious  store-house,  wdiich  was  occu- 
pied as  a  place  of  general  merchandise  till  about  1870, 
when  Reuben  Leisey  opened  a  hotel  in  the  same 
building.  Since  1875,  Elias  R.  Brown  has  been  pro- 
prietor of  a  store  and  hotel.  In  1864,  Jlichael  H. 
Shirk  succeeded  in  having  a  post-office  established 
through  tlie  induence  of  Thaddeus  Stevens,  after 
whom  it  was  named.  Stevens'  Station  House  was  built 
in  186.3  by  M.  H.  Shirk  and  I.  W.  Mentzer,  both  de- 
ceased. It  is  now  under  the  niana»enient  of  H.  K. 
Mentzer,  son  of  I.  W.  Ment/.er. 

The  Swamp  Evangelical  Lutheran  and  the  Ger- 
man Reformed  Cangregation  were  the  first  regular 
religious  organization^  in  what  is  now  included  in  West 
Cocalico.  The  present  fine  building  in  which  these  de- 
nominations congregate  was  built  in  1806.  Thecom- 
mittee  under  wdiose  direction  the  building  was  erected 
was  composeil  of  Garlich  Walter,  Peter  Burkholder, 
John  Brunner,  and  Jacob  Kegerise.  Previous  to  the 
building  of  the  present  church  these  congregations  had 
services  in  an  old  church  wdiich  stood  nearly  on  the 
same  site  as  the  present  one.  The  German  Reformed 
congregation  was  probably  organized  quite  early.  Its 
first  known  pastor  was  Rev.  John  Waltschmidt,  who 
was  born  Aug.  6,  1724;  died  1752.  The  present  min- 
ister is  Stephen  Sweitzer.  The  Evangelical  Lutheran 
congregation  was  organized  in  1774.  The  pastors 
were  Revs.  .Miller,  Christopher  Frederi.k,  T.  T. 
Yeager,  C.  C.  Bees,  M.  llarpel,  S.  U.  Vmyw,  (i.  II. 
Trapert,  C.  A.  Fetzer,  and  E.  S.  P.rownmiller,  the 
]  present  incumbent.  T'his  congregation  has  at  present 
!  one  hundred  and  lifty-two  members. 
'      Reformed   Mennonites.— In    ISO.'),   Jacob   Hagy, 


724 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Jacob  Reddig,  Henry  Hibsinan,  and  Michael  Oberly 
founded  what  was  long  known  as  Hacker's  school- 
house,  situated  one  and  one-half  miles  south  of 
Schoeneck.  Tiie  school  ground  contained  eighty-eight 
perches  of  land,  and  was  bought  for  ten  shillings  froni 
Frederick  Hacker.  Tlie  house  and  ground  were  paid 
for  by  subscription.  After  the  death  of  one  of  the 
trustees  the  twelve  nearest  adjacent  neighbors  were  to 
elect  one  to  fill  such  vacancy.  The  house  was  built 
one  story  high,  wdth  two  compartments,  one  for 
school  purposes  and  the  other  to  accommodate  the 
teacher  and  family.  In  1839  this  house  was  for  the 
first  time  occupied  as  a  place  of  worship.  The  house 
continued  to  be  occupied  as  a  place  of  religious  ser- 
vice and  for  educational  purposes  till  1SC8,  when  the 
house  was  purchased  by  the  Reformed  Mennonite  de- 
nomination. Tlie  house  was  then  remodeled,  and  is 
now  a  fine  building,  with  a  seating  capacity  for  three 
hundred. 

Steinmetz's  Meeting-House,  situated  one-half 
mile  east  of  fc-clioeneck,  was  built  in  1853  as  a  Union 
meeting-house  by  the  following  persons :  Jacob  Shirk, 
Peter  Shirk,  Christian  Weist,  Cliarles  Steinmetz,  and 
Rudolph  Shirk.  The  house  was  built  by  subscrip- 
tion, and  tiiose  who  paid  fifteen  dollars  were  entitled 
to  a  vote  of  regulation.  This  vote  was  to  remain  on 
the  property  of  the  subscriber,  as  in  case  he  should 
sell  it  the  person  buying  it  would  come  into  posses- 
sion of  the  vote.  No  denomination  is  allowed  to 
hold  regular  services  more  fretjuently  than  every 
eight  weeks.  The  use  of  the  burial-ground  is  granted 
to  all  those  who  obtain  permission  from  one  of  the 
voters.  The  principal  denominations  now  occujiying 
the  house  are  the  Reformed  Mennonites  and  Dunk- 
ards.  The  fir>t  preacliers  of  the  Mennonites  were 
John  Cohrand  John  Keepotts,  and  of  the  Dunkards, 
Samuel  Harley. 

Mellinger's  Meeting-House,  situated  three-quar- 
ters of  a  mile  east  of  Schoeneck,  was  built  in  18(11, 
on  condition  that  as  many  denominations  as  took 
part  in  its  building  shoidd  be  granted  the  use  of  it, 
and  that  no  denomination  could  occupy  the  house 
oftencr  on  Sunday  than  the  other,  unless  in  such  a 
way  as  not  to  interfere  with  tlie  other.  The  com- 
mittee on  building  were  Samuel  Mellinger,  William 
Stober,  and  John  Gockley.  The  trustees  till  1873 
were  John  Gockley,  Daniel  Sharp,  and  Andrew  llenly. 
Since  that  time  Daniel  Sharp,  Henry  Eberly,  and  Ed- 
ward Drukenbrod  have  served.  Tlie  denominations 
taking  part  in  the  building  were  the  Lutheran  and 
Reforme<i,  Mennonites,  and  Dunkards.  The  ]iastors 
of  the  Lutherans  were  Rev.  Michael  M.  Haerpel,  from 
1861  to  1872;  Rev.  S.  S.  Engle,  from  1872  to  187G; 
Rev.  C.  A.  Fetzer,  from  187U  to  1881 ;  and  since  1881, 
Rev.  E.  S.  lirownmiller.  In  ISGl  this  congregation 
numbered  fifty-seven  members,  at  present  it  has  one 
hundred  and  thirteen.  The  pastor  of  the  Reformed 
Church  was  Rev.  Stephen  Sweitzer  from  1871  to  1878; 


befor 


iftcr  th 


till 


regular  | 


The  preachers  of  the  Dunkards  are  Elder  Samuel 
Harley,  Christian  Bucher,  and  William  Brisow.  Of 
the  jMcnnonites,  Christian  Bomberger  (deceased), 
John 'Hess,  and  Christ.  Risser. 

Methodists  and  Mennonites.— In  1870  the  Metho- 
dists erected  a  meeting-house  one  and  a  half  miles 
north  of  Schoeneck,  known  as  the  Sand  Hill  meeting- 
house. This  church  increased  rapidly  for  a  number 
of  years,' but  at  present  no  regular  meetings  are  held. 
The  first  minister  was  Christian  Sagrist. 

Near  Cocalico  Post-Office  is  another  place  of  wor- 
ship. The  house  was  built  in  1865  as  a  Union  meet- 
ing- and  school-house.  It  was  occupied  as  a  scliool- 
house  till  1870,  when  a  regular  school-house  was  built. 
The  meeting-house  is  now  occupied  by  the  Reformed 
Mennonites  and  Dunkards. 

Dunkards.— At  Reinholdsville  the  Dunkards  built 
a  meeting-house  in  1865,  which  is  ..ccupied  by  that 
denomination  only,  except  in  case  of  a  funeral  it  is 
open  to  all  denominations. 

The  United  Brethren  built  a  meeting-house  at 
Reinholdsville  in  1S4S,  which  is  open  to  all  denomi- 
nations. 

Children  of  Sion.— Near  Reinhold's  Station,  in 
1874,  the  Children  of  Sion  built  a  meeting-house,  which 
is  occupied  only  by  that  sect.  The  first  preacher  was 
Rev.  Grumbine,  the  founder  of  that  sect.  A  Sabbath- 
school  was  opened  at  Stevens'  school-house  in  1872, 
but  was  discontinued  a  few  years  afterwards.  About 
the  same  time  one  was  organized  at  Schoeneck,  which 
continued  for  a  longer  period,  closing  a  few  years  ago. 
On  the  1st  of  July  the  Stevens  Union  Sunday-school 
was  reorganized,  with  Ella  Royeras  president;  Henry 
Mentzer,  vice-president;  Frank  Mentzer,  secretary; 
William  Ruth,  treasurer ;  and  Joseph  Stick,  librarian ; 
and  forty-five  scholars  under  the  supervision  of  six 
teachers. 

Schools.— In  1868  West  Cocalico  adopted  the  com- 
mon-school system,  and  the  following  persons  con- 
stituted the  successive  boards  under  the  free  school 
system,  elected  and  organized: 

SiitlllJuy,  N..V.  21,  lSG7.-.\.  U  Itfain,  presiJont;  Jolin  W.  Mentzer, 
sucretaryi  Moaia  Sliirk,  IrL-a^urer;  DiiniL-l  SL-lii-ib,  Jolin  KIkkingcr, 
ami  .losi-jili  F.  Slilrk. 

Juue  1,  ISOS.— A.  11.  Itoam,  prtBident;  John  W.  Jlontzsr,  aecretmy; 
Jl.'hietj  Sbiik,  treoauiei;  Uuiiicl  Stherb,  I'etiir  Reiuliolil,  and  Jolin 
FliokingcM-. 

June  7,  ISO'J.— Peter  Ileihliold,  president;  John  W,  Mentzer,  secretary; 
Moses  Shirk,  truaslllvr  ;  Daniel  Scherb,  Isaac  ICberly,  Beiij;iniiu  Ger- 
hart  (lesigned  Ajiril  30,  lS7l)),  Samuel  Dornbach  (appuinted). 


liarth. 

16  8,  1872.— John  Bald,  president ;  S.  S.  Weist,  secretary;  S.KSU- 
biich,  Ireasiirer,  Ezra  Becker,  John  Flickinger,  AbBiikim  Bard. 

10  •!,  1S7:1.— John  Bard,  preoideiit;  Absalom  Bard,  aecrelaiy  ;  S.  K. 
Shiliatli,  tlea^nl■e^;  Samuel  Kurtv.  (resigne.l  March  3,  1874,  ap- 
pointed George  Mellinger),  Ezra  Becker,  John  Flickinger. 

,p  1    1S7-1 —John  Bard,  piesidolit;  A.  W.  Bard,  societary  ;  S.  K.  Sla- 


Bai 


WEST   COCALICO   TOWNSHIP. 


725 


bach,  treasurer;   Georgo    Mellingc 

r,  A.    Hart 

lan,  Jolm    Flicken- 

ger. 

June  6,  l870.-I1nviJ  51.  Leisey,  preH.l 

i,t  (r,-BigiR 

1  Jan.  -7,  1877,  np- 

June  J,  IS77.— Da.a.l  Schc-rl),  iireai.lnit ;  William   Ik-clitel,  secretary; 

S.    K.  Slabaeli,    treasurer;    lieue.lict    WeililioW,    Jului    Klickiliger, 

Geurgo,Melli.lger. 
JoDo:),  lh7S.— llariiel  Sclierlj,  |uesi<lont;   William  licclitel,  secretary  ;  S. 

K.  Slaliach,  fieasuier  (reiigueil  June  15,  1S78,  appnintetlJuhn  Geli- 

man),  Samuel   Uurubacli,  tre.i^uier;    Dr.  E.  K.  l-'eiisler,  Beiieilict 

Weiuhold. 
June  2, 187a.— Daniel  Scherb,  presi.l.-nt;  John  E.  Gelinian,  secretary; 

Samuel  D.'rnl.adi,  treasurer;  BeneJict  Weiiiliuld,  Dr.  E.  K.FeUBlor, 

Jubn  Bard. 
Joue  7,  1S8(|.— Daniel  Sehorb,  president;  Julin  E.  Gulinmu,  secretary; 

Sainnel   Duriibacb,  tieasurer  (died  August,  188U,  appointed  Adam 

Oberlin  treasurer)  ;  Dr.  E.  K.  FeiK^ler,  J.ihn  Ilagy. 

AJamUberlin,  ire^iMirer;  Julul  Hard,  Juliu  liagy,  Jacob  E.  Shirk. 

June  0,  l.^.sj —Daniel  Scherb,  president;  Juhn  E.  Gehman,  secretary; 
Adam  Oberlin,  treasurer;  .lolin  llagy,  Jacub  E.  Slilrk,  John  Hard. 

June  4,  188:t.— Daniel  Sclmli,  president,  teini  expires  June,  I8.SG;  John 
E.  Gehuuiu,  secretary,  term  uxpiies  June,  18»a;  Adam  Oberlin, 
trea.-.urer,  term  expiiei  June,  1SS4;  Jacob  E.  Shirk,  term  expires 
June,  1884;  John  Hard,  term  exjiires  June,  IS.-*".;  Samuel  Gelsiiiger, 
term  expires  June,  18a(j. 

Ill  1838,  Cocalico  township  was  divided  into  Ei)h- 
rata,  East  Cocalico,  and  West  Cocalico.  Tlie  iir.st 
scliool  directors  for  West  Cocalico  were  elected  in 
1838,  as  follows :  Joseph  Yackey  and  Charles  Steiii- 
metz  for  three  years,  ,Iacob  Eberly  and  George  Kel- 
ler for  two  years,  and  Daniel  Keller  and  Peter  Ger- 
hart  for  one  year.  At  i)resent  (1883)  there  are  nine 
schools  in  the  township,  in  which  si.x  months'  school 
per  year  is  maintained.  The  number  of  male  jjupils 
is  290;  of  female,  2.')5.  Daily  attendance,  333,  at  a 
cost  of  sixty-live  cents  for  each  pupil  per  month. 

JtcceipU  0/  Ifts;  Cociilicu/or  School  Ihirpuaea  in  188:). 

State  appropriation E.V.'-2.24 

Collecllon 17'j;i7'J 

Other  resources Ili2.(i7 

Total - $J471S.70 

E^penditura. 

Repairing $108.30 

Fuel,  etc 181.13 

Expenses 07  IG 

Treasurer  and  collector S4  05 

Secretary's  salary 4.i.U0 

Teachers' salary l'J44  OU 

Total iHMM 

Establishment  of  Post-Offices  and  Appointment 
of  Postmasters  and  Post-Routes.— Cn(.;ilic()  Po>t- 
OIBce,  esiabli,shed  May  24,  1838.  Benjamin  Flick- 
inger.  May  24,  183S;  Kichard  Flickinger,  .Inne  13, 
1850;  discontinued,  Oct.  17,  1SG5;  re-established, 
June  25,  18(i7;  Jacob  B.  Flickingcr,  June  25,  18G7. 

Scboeneck,  established  Mov.  8,  1837.  Michael 
Kline,  Jr.,  Nov.  8,  1837;  Andrew  Wissler,  May  8, 
1841;  James  Kerlin,  March  22,  1845;  John  W. 
Mentzer,  May  5,  1850;  Daniel  Mishler,  March  25, 
18G5;  Jeremiah  A.  Stobcr,  July  2,  18G9  ;  Elias 
Stober,  May  IG,  1M71. 

Reinholdsville,  otablishod  April  17,  1840.  George 
ReinhoUl,  April  17,'ls4i»;  ,l.,hii  Mu-ser,  .luly  IN, 
1842;     John     K.    Hchower,     .March     7,    1844;    'Klias 


Shnavely,  July  14,  1849;  William  Keith,  July  9, 
1851;  George  Reinhold,  July  22,  1853;  Isaac  Eb- 
erly, Oct.  21,  18G2;  Frederick  K.  Ueinhold,  Jan.  15, 
18G3;  lienjamin  1!.  Flickingcr,  Oct.  20,1803;  Isaac 
Kcgerise,  Dec.  20,  1X07;  Joseph  K.  Lntz,  Feb.  24, 
.1870. 

Ueiiihobl's  Station,  establishcl  July  3,  ISGG.  Jesse 
R.-inhnKl,  .luly  ;;,  ISOC;  .Mary  licinhuld,  April  28, 
1875;  Owen  Itrunner,  Sept.  3,  1.S75. 

Stevens,  established  Aug.  17,  18G4.  Samuel  K. 
Slabach,  Aug.  17,  1S04;  Allen  C.  Snader,  Nov.  17, 
1809;  Abraham  E.  Bare,  Aug.  30,  1870;  Elias  R. 
P.rown,  Aug.  11,  1875. 

Mail-Routes. — Route  No.  1275,  from  Reamstown, 
by  Scboeneck  and  Reinholdsville  and  Cocalico,  to 
Shaefferstown,  14  miles  and  return,  once  a  week. 
Contract  with  Joseph  Werntz,  of  Ephrata,  Pa.,  dated 
July  14,  1837.  Service  to  commence  Aug.  5,  1837, 
and  exjiire  June  80,  1840. 

Route  No.  1474,  from  Reamstown,  by  Schoeneck 
and  Reinholdsville  and  Cocalico,  to  Shaeller.stown, 
105  niiles  anil  return,  once  a  week.  Contract  with 
Andrew  B.  Dickinson,  of  Elniira,  N.  Y.,  from  July  1, 
1840,  to  June  30,  1844. 

Route  No.  1470,  from  Reamstown,  by  Schoeneck, 
Reinholdsville,  and  Cocalico,  to  Shaelferstown,  17 
miles  and  return,  once  a  week.  Contract  with  Wil- 
liam Young,  of  Schoeneck,  Pa.  Services  from  July 
1,  1844,  to  June  30,  1848. 

Route  No.  1408,  from  Reamstown,  by  Schoeneck, 
Reinholdsville,  and  Cocalico,  to  Shaelferstown,  17 
miles  and  return,  once  a  week.  Contract  with  N.  C. 
Schoefield,  from  July  1,  1848,  to  June  30,  1852,  but 
who  died,  and  contract  was  transferred  and  service 
performed  by  Alexander  Ream,  of  Reamstown,  from 
Feb.  6,  1850,  to  end  of  term. 

Route  No.  9301,  from  Reamstown,  by  Schoeneck, 
Reinholdsville,  and  Cocalico,  to  Shaefferstown,  17 
miles,  and  return, ojice  a  week.  Contract  witli  Alex- 
ander Ream.  Term  from  July  1,  1852,  to  June  30, 
1850. 

Route  No.  3079,  from   Reamstown,  by  Schoeneck, 

Reinholdsville,    and    Cocalico,   to   Shaeflerstown,    17 

miles  and  return,  once  a  week.     Contract  with  Alex- 

!  ander  Ream.     Term  from  July  1,  1S5G,  to  June  30, 

1800. 

Route  No.  22S3,  from  Reamstown,  by  Schoeneck, 
i  Reinholdsville,  and  Co.'alico,  to  Shaetferstown,  17 
I  miles  and  return,  once  a  week.  Contract  with  Rudy 
I  W.  Halm,  of  Reamstown,  Pa.,  from  July  1,  18G0,  to 
June  30,  1804,  but  was  discontinued,  and  last  trip 
I  made  JIarch  10,  1801,  and  Cocalico  made  a  special 
■  office.  Reamstown  was  supplied  on  route  No.  2234. 
I  Scboenetk  and  Reinholdsville  were  supplied  tm  route 
I  No.  2282,  and  Shaelferstown  on  routes  Nos.  2281, 
I  2291,  and  2292,  to  June  30,  1864. 

I       Route  No.  2205,  from   Lancaster  to  Reading,  and 

the  office  of  Stevens  established,  Aug.  17,  lS04,ontliis 

!  route,  and  Sept.  8,  ISOO,  was  omitted  and  embraced  on 


726 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


route  No.  2782,  from  Columbia,  by  Silver  Spring,  Lan- 
disviile,  Maiilieini,  Lititz,  Ephrata,  and  Fritztown,  to 
Sinking  Spring,  SO/'j'u  miles,  daily,  except  Sunday. 
Service  was  performed  by  Reading  and  Columbia 
liailroad  Company,  William  G.  Cass,  president,  and 
M.  Cobers,  deputy.  Term  from  July  1,  1SG4,  to 
June  lid,  1.SG8.  Also  tbe  olBce  of  Reinbold's  Station 
was  embraced  on  tliis  route,  July  23,  18(14. 

Route  No.  1831,  from  Columbia,  by  Silver  Spring, 
Landisville,  Manheim,  Lititz,  IMillway,  Akron, 
Eplirata,  Reamstown,  Stevens,  and  Reinhold's  Sta- 
tion, to  Sinking  Spring,  SOr^j  miles,  and  return  daily, 
except  Sunday.  Services  performed  by  Reading  and 
Columbia  Railroad  Company.  Term  from  July  1, 
1868,  to  June  30,  1872. 

Route  2559,  from  Stevens,  by  Sclioeneck  and  Rein- 
lioldsville,  to  Cocalico,  and  return  by  Sclioeneck  to 
Stevens.  Equal  to  8j  miles  and  return,  six  times  a 
week.  The  contractor  was  Reuben  Kramer,  who  died, 
and  a  contract  was  ordered  with  David  H.  Kramer 
(son  of  deceased)  from  June  28, 1873,  to  June  30, 187(), 
wbicli  order  was  rescinded  and  a  contract  ordered 
with  Samuel  Leid,  of  Stevens,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa., 
from  Oct.  1,  1873,  to  June  30,  1874.  The  route  was 
then  readvertised,  antl  contract  ordered  with  Irvaii 
&  Ramsey,  of  Slate  Hill,  York  Co.,  Pa. 
Term  from  July  1,  1874,  to  June  30,  1876. 
Previous  to  tliis  the  same  route  was  ordered  with 
Henry  Wechter,  who  was  the  fir^t  rontrad..!  since 
the  establishment  of  this  route. 

Route  No.  8208,  from  Stevens,  liy  Srhoeneck  and 
Reinholdsville,  to  Cocalico,  and  return  by  Sclioeneck 
to  Stevens,  81  miles  and  return,  six  times  a  week. 

Contract  witli  Moses  Goshert,  of  Sclioeneck,  Pa. 
Term  one  year  from  July  1,  1876,  to  June  3  ),  1877. 

Route  No.  8206,  same  as  8208.  Contract  made 
with  S.  E.  Leid,  of  Stevens,  Pa.  Term  from  July  1, 
1877,  to  June  30,  1881. 

Route  No.  8260,  same  as  820G,  except  in  distance, 
being  equal  to  8'!  miles  and  return,  six  times  a  week. 
Contract  ordered  with  Janus  T.  Gibson,  of  liar- 
boursville,  Knox  Co.,  Ky.  Term  lr<jm  July  1,  1881, 
to  1885  (June30tli). 

Since  1872  the  office  of  Reinhold's  Station  has  been 
supiilied  by  railroad  service. 

Industries.— In  1808,  Frederick  Reinhold  built 
a  tannery  on  the  farm  first  settled  by  Hans  Peelman. 
This  tannery  has  been  in  operation  since  that  time, 
with  the  exception  of  a  few  years,  and  is  the  only 
tannery  still  in  operation  in  West  Cocalico.  Hans 
Jackey  formerly  had  a  tannery  on  the  farm  now 
owned  by  Peter  Gelsinger.  The  eliop])ing-niill  now 
owned  by  Samuel  Binkley,  situated  liiilf  a  mile  luirlli 
of  Reinliold's  Station,  was  once  a  carding-,  fulling-, 
and  dyeing-mill.  In  this  vicinity  another  carding- 
niill  was  built  and  operated  by  John  Flickinger  in 
about  the  year  1800.     His  son  Benjamin  next  came 


of 


into    posses 

becker.     Panabecker  i 


]^,i 


boring-mill.     This  industry  was  followed  for  a  time, 
but  was  discontinued  a  number  of  years  ago.     The 
old  homestead  is  now  owned  by  Daniel  I'anabecker, 
Jr.     0^e  mile  south  of  Black   Horse,  in  about  the 
year  1820,  llenry  Hildabidle  built  a  boring-mill  on 
Swaup  Creek.     This   mill   was  actively  operated  by 
Jesse  Lutz  till  about  the  year  1806,  since  which  time 
i  it  has  stood  idle.     At  present  the  old  mill  is  being  re- 
modeled and  clianged  to  a  cotton-lap  factory  by  Jesse 
!  Lutz.     Near  the  same  place,  on   the  west  bank  of 
Swaup  Creek,  in  1875,  Jesse  Lutz  built  a  hat-factory. 
He  placed  in  it  an  engine  of  forty-five  horse-power, 
and  machinery  having,  with  twenty-eight  hands  ein- 
!  jiloyed,  a  capacity  of  turning  out  from  forty  to  fifty 
I  dozen   hats  jier  day.     In  1881   the  business  becauie 
'  dull,  and  the  factory  has  since  stood   idle.     In  1793, 
Nicholas  Kee.seckcr    built  a  mill    ou   the   Cocalico, 
j  near   Cocalico   Post-oiUce,  which    is   the   first   place 
where  the  water  of  the  Cocalico  makes  itself  useful  as 
I  a  motive-power.     It  is  a  three-story  sandstone  build- 
j  ing,  with  four  runs  of  stones  and  saw-mill  attached. 

It  was    successively   owned    by   Simon    Elick,  

I  Lesher,  I'hilip  Stober,  Benjamin  Weist,  and  Joel 
Weist,  the  present  owner.  The  second  mill  on  the 
Cocalico  is  at  present  owned  by  John  Lengel.  It  was 
built  about  the  year  1810  by  Jacob  Zinn.  It  has  a 
cafiacity  of  two  piiir  of  burrs  and  two  pair  of  chop- 
|iei's,  with  saw-mill  attached.  Christian  Minich, 
Samuel  Laiidi-.  and  Reuben  Landis  followed  Zinn 
as  iiwneis  iif  tills  mill.  About  one  hundred  yards 
farther  d.iwu  lli.'  cn.k  stood  an  old  mill,  but  when 
it  was  built  or  liy  whom  nothing  is  known  ;  a  part  of 
the  luundation  is  all  that  now  marks  its  existence. 
The  third  power  improved  ou  the  Cocalico  is  at  the 
eld  saw-mill  at  present  owned  by  Isaac  Dornbach. 
This  was  at  first  a  carding-  and  furiing-mill,  after- 
wards a  boring-mill,  o|ierated  by  Daniel  Lutz.  About 
one-half  mile  farther  down  stood  another  boring-mill, 
also  owned  by  Danitl  Lutz.  In  1864,  George  Burk- 
holder  bought  the  old  mill,  and  erected  in  its  stead  a 
grist-mill,  thirty  by  thirty-six  feet,  with  three  runs 
of  stiuies.  It  is  at  present  owned  by  Noah  Weiu- 
hold.  The  last  place  in  West  Cocalico  where  the 
water  of  the  Cocalico  lends  its  power  is  at  Joliu 
Hacker's  saw-mill.  In  the  northern  part  of  the 
township,  on  liarni^h's  Creek,  Samuel  Harnish 
erected  a  mill  in  about  the  year  1840.  It  is  at  pres- 
ent owned  by  ^Villiam  Bechtel.  A  little  farther 
down  the  creek  is  situated  John  Kurtz's  grist-  and 

In  the  western  part  of  the  township,  on  Indian 
Creek,  is  situated  a  fulling-  and  carding-miU,  with 
saw-mill  altache.l,  which  was  built  about  the  year 
IT'.li)  by  John  llibsniaii.  Samuel  Eberly  next  got 
possession  of  it,  and  sold  it  to  Benjamin  Hemegay, 
the  present  owner.  This  is  the  only  carding-mill  now 
in  West  Cocalico,  and  in  1832  it  carded  but  one  bale. 
A  Pana-      In  ab.mt  the  year  1830,  Nidi. das  Hertzog,  of  Hert- 


;old 


(list 


■d  a,,plc 


rude  still 


COLERAIN    TOWNSHIP. 


dug  into  the  ground,  covered  with  boards  to  protect 
it  from  incleineiit  weuther.  About  tlie  sauie  time 
there  were  two  distilleries  of  the  same  kind  ne;ir 
C'ocalico  Post-office.  la  about  the  year  1S20  a  man 
by  the  name  of  Ilaverstich  distilled  at  liciMliolds- 
ville.  Later  the  distillery  was  bought  by  \Villiaiii 
Eicbacii,  who  transformed  it  into  a  store  ami  hotel. 
This  place  was  long  known  to  be  a  lively  place  for 
the  young  folks  to  assemble.  A  private  house  now  oc- 
cupies the  seat  of  the  old  industries.  Three-tiuarters 
of  a  mile  north  of  Reinholdsville  Peter  Bruner 
distilled  peach  whiskey  in  about  the  year  1830.  One 
mile  east  of  Schoeneck,  on  the  farm  of  the  late  Peter 
Hefly,  nowowned  by  Benedict  Weiiiludd,  stands  the  re- 
mains of  what  was  known  as  the  IMishler's  distillery. 
In  this  building  the  business  was  probably  carried  on 
more  extensively  than  in  any  other.  Judging  from 
the  number  of  distilleries,  we  may  infer  that  the  use 
of  rum  was  formerly  quite  freely  indulged  in,  but  to 
the  credit  of  our  present  community  we  can  say  that 
there  is  not'one  distillery  operated  at  ])resent  (18S3). 

Military  .—West  Cocalico  had  three  companies  of 
militia  under  the  old  militia  system,  viz.:  Reddid's, 
Schoeneck,  and  Reinholds.  These  companies  were 
required  to  meet  annually,  on  the  first  Monday  of 
May,  in  their  respective  places,  for  drill  and  disci- 
pline, and  those  who  were  absent  had  to  pay  a  line  of 
one  dollar.  On  the  following  Wednesday  in  May  these 
three  coiupanies  met  those  of  Reamstown  and  Red 
Run  at  Reamstown,  where  they  had  their  battalion 
drills  and  [larade.  On  this  day  the  companies  were 
drawn  up  for  battle  and  sham  battles  fought  (some- 
times real  ones,  too).  To  every  company  there  was  a 
captain,  and  to  every  battalion  a  general.  This  order 
of  meeting  was  abolished  about  the  year  184(i.  Henry 
and  Benjamin  Kegerise,  John  Nye,  and  Samuel  Lutz 
were  soldiers  in  the  war  of  1812.  Not  one  of  these  men 
is  now  living,  but  the  wife  of  Henry  Kegerise  is  alive 
and  in  her  eighty-eighth  year,  and  draws  an  annual 
pension  of  eighty  dollars.  In  1771,  Thoma-  Ivhvaids 
came  to  this  country  from  Dublin,  Ireland,  and  surved 
as  colonel  in  the  Revolutionary  war.  He  was  after- 
wards sheriff  of  Lancaster  County,  and  died  in  Lan- 
caster City.  His  son,  John  Edwards,  serve<l  as  a 
soldier,  under  den,  .Vulhouy  Wayne,  against  the  In- 
dians in  the  N„rtlnve.-.t  in  17',ll.  Later,  he  returned 
and  settled  near  Reinludilsvilie,  and  served  a^,  eaptaiu 
under  the  old  militia  system.  His  son,  .Inhu  Ivl- 
wards,  Jr.,  who  is  now  eighty  years  old,  lives  in  I  he 
northwestern  [(art  of  the  township,  and  has  a  family 
of  five  sons  and  two  daughters. 

In  1771,  Thomas  Edwards  brought  with  him  from 
Ireland  Robert  Colenum,  then  a  boy  nineteen  years 
of  age,  who  came  to  Elizabeth  Furnace  as  u  wood- 
chopper,  but  on  aeconnl  of  his  good  penmanship 
and  liberal  education  was  soon  appointed  chief 
clerk  of  the  furnace.  Later,  he  married  a  daughter 
of  the  proprietor  and  has  become  the  father  of  the 
famous  Coleman  family. 


CHAPTER    XLIV. 


ir.KKAIN    TOWXSH 


Geography  and  Topography.— This  township  is 


iry,   1738, 


area  of  nineteen  thoi 
seven  acres.  It  is  bu 
Sadsbury,  on  the  ea 


d  contains  an 
d  lour  hundred  and  ninety- 
ed  on  the  north  by  Bart  and 
y  Chester  County,  south  by 


Little  Britain,  west  by  Drumore,  and  northwest  by 
Eden  township.  Stewart's  Run  and  the  west  branch 
of  Octorara  Creek  separate  it  from  Drumore  and 
Little  Britain,  and  the  main  branch  of  Octorara  sep- 
arates it  from  Chester  County.  In  ISGO  the  popula- 
tion of  Colerain  was  1570;  in  1870  it  had  increased 
to  1655,  of  which  159G  were  native-born  and  59 
foreign.  In  1880  the  population  was  1663.  The  sur- 
face of  the  township  is  rolling,  the  soil  is  gravel  and 
clay,  and  by  the  use  of  artificial  fertilizers  is  rendered 
very  proiluctive,  and  compares  favorably  with  the 
surrounding  townships.  It  was  settled  principally 
by  Irish,  receiving  it-,  name  fmm  a  place  of  the  same 
name  in  Ireland.  With  the  very  earliest  settlement 
here  we  find  familiarly  associated  the  names  Allison, 
Anderson,  Longhead,  MeConnel,  and  Barclay. 

Pioneer  Settlers. — The  ]\IcComnion  family  were 
among  the  early  settlers  in  Colerain.  Samuel  Mc- 
Conimon  came  to  this  country  from  Ireland  in  1758, 
and  settled  on  land  previously  occu|)ied  by  Thomas 
Baird.  It  is  situated  about  one  mile  southeast  of  the 
village  of  Union.  Mr.  JleCommon  was  a  miller  by 
trade,  and  had  the  following  children  :  Martha,  mar- 
ried to  Matthew  Scott;  JIary,  to  Andrew  Haney ; 
Robert,  to  Tersey  Kennedy;  James,  to  Elizabeth 
Patterson;  Sarah,  to  .foseph  Smith;  Jane,  to  James 
Henry  ;  and  Ann,  to  James  Derling.*  The  latter  lived 
on  the  property  now  owned  by  Joseph  White. 

.lames  M.C.mimon,  of  this  family,  was  the  lather 
(if  the  geucralion  id  MrCnuimiins,  some  of  whom  are 
now  living  in  this  Unvnshi|i.  He  was  born  in  1763, 
and  reared  the  following  children  :  Samuel,  married 
to  Isabella  Ross;  he  lived  on  his  farm  in  this  town- 
ship for  a  number  of  years,  when  he  removed  to 
Oxlonl,  Clirster  Co.,  anil  died  about  the  year  1881. 
.lolin,  UHiHanied,  aud  .-lill  re^iding  in  (VIerain  on 
n  ])roi)erty  ;  Margaret,  married  to 
■rison,  of  Little  Britain  towu^liip; 
Hugh  MeConnel  ;  Robert,  to  Re- 
rsoii,  removed  to  Ohio,  where  he 
atherine  Hayes,  of  Little  liritain. 
was   born   in   Colerain    township, 


the  old  McComm. 
Alexander  W.  Mo 
Mary,  married  to 
becca  Scott;  Patt 
died;  Joseph,  to  ( 
Hugh  An.lrews 
Nov.  14, 1794.     Hi 


irried  Francoria  Wils 


lugh- 


ter  of  James  Wilson,  of  Chester  County,  Feb.  5,  1824, 
and  during  the  same  year  built  the  first  house  in  the 
village  .d-'  Union.  This  hou-,e  is  now  (.ceupied  by 
Jeremiah  ICepperling.      He   re-ided  here  until  April, 

1  lly  MiiH  .\iiriu'  M.  Uirci.tt. 


-as 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


by 


He 
His 


1S51,  wla-n  he  scikl  his  i':irni  and  rejuuved  to  Lancas- 
ter. Havitif;  been  long  aecustunied  to  an  active  lite 
lie  soon  became  weary  of  retirement,  and  in  Septein- 
bur,  185."),  he  pnrchasod  a  farm  near  Mount  Union, 
Ihintingdon  C<i.,  Pa.,  where  both  he  and  his  wife 
died  suddfiily,  within  three  weeks  after  their  removal 
tu  tlie  farjM,  the  former  Oct.  19,  and  the  latter 
(->cl.  21,  1855.  ]\Ir.  Andrews  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  during  the  session  of  1841  and  1842, 
a  member  of  the  school  board  when  the  first  public 
school-houses  were  erected  in  Colerain  townshiii, 
and  an  elder  in  Union  Presbyterian  Church.  His 
son,  Professor  James  W.  Andrews,  is  [irincipal  of 
Union  High  School. 

John  Gable  came  to  Colerain  among  the  early  set-  | 
tiers.    His  native  country  was  Germany.     He  married  i 
Eve  Sides,  a  grandaunt  of  15.  F.  Sides,  M.D.,  of  Dru-  | 
more  township.     His  ciiildren  were  Mary,  married  to 
Joseph  Parker;  both  are  now  dead.     John,  married 
to  ^Margaret  Fleming,  of  Chester  County;    he   died  j 
about  the  year  1874.     David,  unmarried  ;  and  Henry, 
married   to   Margaret   Ralston.     It   is  supposed  that  1 
John  Gable  settled  here  about  1800.     The  land  lie; 
about  one-fourth  of  a   mile   west  of   the   village   o 
Union,  and  has  remained  in   the  Gable  name  sine( 
the  previous  named  date.     It    is    now    occupi 
Henry  and  John  Gable. 

Alkiiiali  Dare  settled  in  Colerain  in  1815 
was  formerly  a  resident  of  Wilmington,  Del. 
scm  George  studied  medicine  and  practiced  for  a  num- 
ber of  years  in  this  township,  and  was  regarded  as  a 
very  skillful  physician.  His  wife,  Ann  Dickey,  an 
invalid  for  many  years,  died  in  1881.  He  removed 
t.,  Oxford  in  1880,  where  lie  now  resides  with  his 
daughter,  Mrs.  Madison  Lovett.  Alkinah  Dare's 
other  children  are  Edward  Dare,  residing  in  Drumore 
township,  and  married  to  Nancy  Retzer,  of  the  same 
township;  John  K.,  James  M.,  and  Francis  M.,  who 
married  Miss  Whiteside,  and  resides  in  O.N;ford,  Pa.; 
Ann  Maria,  married  to  Mahlou  Brown;  Mary  C, 
married  to  William  Whiteside  first,  and  afterwards  to 
Ezra  Kimball. 

John  Ferguson,  tlie  father  of  the  Colerain  Fergu- 
sons, removed  from  liart  to  Colerain  in  ISIS.  He 
married  Elizabeth  Wilson.  His  children  now  living 
are  Abram,  married  to  JIary  Reed,  of  Providence 
township;  William,  marrietl  to  Mary  Hogg;  Robert, 
married  to  Kli/.abetli  Rerd  ;  Thomas,"  married  to  Anna 
Dripps,  of  Philadelphia;  IJnijamiM,  marned  to  Isa- 
bel JIuCoMMel;  Ann  ICIiza,  unmarried;  Nathaniel, 
married  to  .\niia  Daveiiporl.  4'he  latter  moved  to 
Perks  County,  and  is  now  the  (.roprietur  of  the  Robi- 

aiid  Margaret,  arc  dead. 

Daniel  HarrAr  an.l  wife,  Margaret  Jliller,  of  Mont- 
gomery County,  came  to  (Nderaiu  in  182o,  and  settled 
on  the  old  Anderson  property.  Their  children  are 
William,  married  to  Isabella  GaMiraith;  .Miller,  to 
Jlargaret   Galbraith ;    L>ilia   Ann,   died    unmarried; 


irried  to  Isabella  H;i 
.',  and  died  in  1880. 
slier   family,  of   which 


He  moved 


•  Col 


and  Daniel, 
to  Delaware 

The   8 
branches 

One  bilmch  consists"  of  Jeremiah  Swisher's  faniily. 
He  marriecl^Mary  Pennington,  and  reared  the  follow- 
ing-named children  :  Rachel,  married  to  Robert  Hogg; 
Robert,  to  Lettie  Ilrinton,  (jf  Pe.pia  ;  he  removed  to 
New  Jersey,  and  died  about  ISSD  ;  John  H.,  to  Anna 
Demi)sey,  of  Cliam|jaign  County,  Ohio;  Eliza,  to 
Hiram  McCleneghan ;  Martha,  to  William  Hogg; 
Cecelia,  to  William  Haekelt;  Samuel,  to  Amanda 
Hiram    Pierce;    Jeremiah,    to 


Hannah,    ti 
Ann  Miller; 


Old  Roads.— At  the  Ciuarter  Sessions  of  the  Lan- 
caster County  Court,  held  in  November,  1803,  sundry 
persons  of  Colerain  ajiplied  for  a  road  to  be  laid  out, 
"Beginning  at  James  Auhl's  tavern,  thence  the 
nearest  and  best  way  to  the  creek,  near  Robert  Pen- 
nington's." 

The  court  appointed  George  Cooper,  Joshua  Cham- 
berlain, Adam  Trover,  Jacob  Roekey,  Christian  Bare, 
and  David  Boweii  to  view  the  ground  for  the  said 
road,  and  if  they,  or  any  five  of  them,  view  the  said 
ground,  and  any  four  of  tlie  actual  viewers  agree  that 
there  is  occasion  for  such  road,  they  shall  proceed  to 
lay  out  the  same  as  agreeable  to  the  desire  of  the  pe- 
titioners. The  road  was  laid  out  and  report  made  ac- 
cordingly at  the  February  sessions,  1804. 

At  the  February  (Quarter  Sessions  for  1804  a  pe- 
tition was  presented  by  the  inhabitants  of  Colerain 
and  vicinity  fur  a  bridge  acrossthe  Octorara  at  Auld's 
tavern.  The  petition  sets  forth  that  the  inhabitants 
of  Chester  County  propose  to  pay  one-half  the  ex- 
pense of  said  bridge.  The  court  appointed  David 
Sterrett,  John  Anderson,  Patterson  Bell' James  Cooper, 
Samuel  Downing,  and  William  Brown  to  view  the 
ground  and  make  report  at  the  next  Quarter  Sessions. 
The  bridge  was  built.' 

In  1S04  the  inhabitants  of  Colerain  and  vicinity 
petitioned  for  a  road  to  be  laid  out  through  Colerain, 
i'roin  Jonathan  Webb's  forge  to  Thomas  Clendenin's 
mill.  This  road  ran  through  the  garden  of  James 
Clendeniu,  and  the  improved  lands  of  Joseph  An- 
drews, Walter  Kuiiting,  William  Barkley,  and  Paul 
Ralston,  .^r.  The  road  was  opened,  and  at  the  No- 
vember sessions,  in  ISd'i,  the  aliove-named  persons 
pelilioued  the  court  to  have  the  damage  appraised. 
The  court  appointed  as  such  appraisers  Patterson 
Bell,  James  .Vnerim,  James  ( 'ooper,  Samuel  Downing, 
James  Thompson,  and  Al.ram  Whiteside  to  view  and 
assess  damage. 

At  the  N.ivemher  sessions,  in  1804,  the  inhabitants 
of  Colerain  and  vicinity  petitioned  t\,v  a  n,ad,  "  lie- 
ginning  at  or  mar  Samiu-I  I'usey's  mill,  in  Drumore, 
and  ending  at  or  near  Thomas  Clendenin's  mill." 
Ihe  petition  set  firth  "That  Rock  Forge  being  lately 


ly  pun 


:ar   tin 


COLP]RAIN   TOWNSHIP. 


tbeir  proprietors  do  evidently  labor  under  great  dia- 

Gilmore,  John,  Jan.  2ll,  17o:i ;  30  acroa,  nest  to  Nathaniel  Coulter  and 

advantage  for  want  of  said  road  for  their  l>eiu'fit,  and 

R.  LonjclKad. 

Ciuthrey.Joliii,  51ay  2U,  1752;  20  uiues,  on  Octorara  Creek,  now  the  liotul 

the  general  advantage  of  the  public." 

|.i..p,ity  at  Andl.-wa'  111  i.l-e,  occnpieil  by  Abiain  U.ol.. 

The  court  appoinU-.l   Tu.brrt   .Maxwell,   Patterson 

Ciullu,  >^  .l,,I.M,  M.iril,  2S,  17.-.1;  20  ii.  res ,xt  to  lii,  other  land. 

Bell,  William   Downin-,  .l.mus   Cooper,  .FmIu,    Itainl, 

Oulhi.v,  l',,,i„  i-,  A|,nl  ]•,.  17.V1  ;  ai  a,T,s,  next  to  his  other  land. 

and  John  lieani  to  view  and  hiy  .,ut  the  n.ad,  wlii.h 

ll„>t,,.i;^,  11,  Mi>.  M,,i.  1,  27,  17.-.:.;  -JO  .lines,  ne.\t  hi,  other  land,  now  oc- 
.ni.n.l  i,.,*ll,,llN,an  ll.isliii-s. 

was  accordingly  done. 

llei,d,,s.,i,,  Jolin,  Apiil  7,  17.-.7;  20  acres,  next  to  Robert  Cbraith. 

At  the  February  term  of  (.Juarter  f<..-Ni<.ns,  ISd.'i,  a 

ll.-ii.|.,r-,,n,  John,  June  12,17.5:1;  2ii  ;i,:i  .s,  ii,  u  t„  5I..tthew  Kiih.-y. 
l.oiigliea,!,  li.ibeit,  .May  17,  1745;   15il;oles. 
Loiiglie.id,  Iloberl,  Dee.  20,  1753  ;  4il  iieres. 

petition  was  presented   by  the   iidLabitants  of  Cole- 

rain   to  lay  out  a  road  from  "  The  place  where  the 

BlelCeo,  James,  Nov.  3  ',  1754  ;  4ii  acre. 

road  called  John  Stewart's  crosses  the  run,  south  of 

McCowen,  George,  June  2,  1757  ;  40  acres. 

Richard  jrackey's,  to  Octorara  Creek,  at  the  turn  be- 

McCoikle, Robert,  May  5,  1757;  2U  acres,  next  to  his  other  land  and 
John  Johnson. 

tween  Robert  Annan's  and  Thomas  Love's." 

McConnel,  Alexander,  April  10,  1754  ;  30  acres. 

The  court  appointed  Patterson    Bell,   James   An- 

McConnel,  John,  April  lil,  1754,  20  acres;  April  10,  1764,  40  acres;  Jlay 

crim,  James  Cooper,  Samuel  Downing,  James  Thomp- 

17, 1748,  C.U  acres;  Dec.  21,  1752,  50  acres;  Sept.  17,  1749,  100  acres. 

Two  tracts  of  this  land  are  now  owned  by  Pennington  Moore  and 

son,  and    Abrain  Wliitcsjilo   t,,   view  ami   layout  .said 

Harvey  Fergus.. n. 

road. 

McConnel,  Iliivid,  May  10,  1740;  15  acres,  now  owned  by  Jolin  Groff. 

Colerain  Assessment,  1751.— Fulli>wing  are  the 

McConnel,  David,  May  4, 1744  ;  lOOiicr'es,  now  owned  by  Samuel  Swisher. 

Mcroniiel.John,  May  19.  1741);  80  acres. 

names  of  the  ta.xalile  iiihabilants  in  17.'il  : 

MeC.ee,  Cornelius,  May  11,  1758;  100  acres. 

i.  d.                                             «.  J. 

JkKreaiy,  J„hn,  July  24,  1740 ;  200  acres. 

S«mu.l  Aii.leraoi, 4     (. 

|,  1    ^,  .:     ,,                               .,    J. 

Mcl'iillough,  George,  Sept.  13,  1751  ;  by  Anderaon. 

<••'  1,    1    Mi.!-.  1,  '■■,"!"■.'.'..■.■.■■.'.  2     G 

McFandian,  Jeremiah,  Dec.  29,  17.52  ;  40  acres. 

J>,hi.""'ir>luy.."r..?.!;!!!'.'.'."'.'."  5    11 
K..Uert  Gillljiaitli 3     n 

•■•'■■  ..  ,i   !■     ■             2     U 

,,         .  ■^l    >      ,      .,jl,    1      6 

McCalleu,  Davi.l.  Sept.  4,  1745  ;  175  acres. 

McWbarter,  Moses,  Aug.  10,  1750;  20  acres. 

Juliii  M  111  pliy.. ..".'.".'."."".'!!!.!!  1     1, 

Rlcb.y,  Matlhew,  Dee.  20,  1753;  20  ucn-s.-^' 

Kol,uit€niii.iiigliam 1     '. 

Jumu,.-yM.Z.u„le,. 2     i' 

1    'm  '  ■': ;    ,,::;,.:.;.: 5  » 

liicbanlson,  Eleanor,  Margaret,  and  Sarali,  June  8, 1774;  now  owned  by 
William  Hogg.     This  land  w;ui  divided  into  nine  shares  in  1790,  and 

J.. 1,1,   II  „.l.-,-..i, 2 

,    ;i  • . ,  .,  ,■:..:.........  1  " 

J.-e,|e,i  t.,  11. e  chiMi,  1,  of  Ilo'lr  bn.thei,  .\.l.ini  lIi,;liard3on. 

5l'''-''.'l,."l."'i                   i 

1 '      i.',  ,            ''"'""JZ".  :i   i; 

K..,.        \.  i  ~  s    \           ,  i:    1           ,   ...         ,1    ,:,,,gtomill. 

;  11  i    .  ,      .  -..'.'.'.'.'.'.'..'.'.'.v.  ;i    0 

M.l,>     :,  1    .     ,  ..       .....    i         '  .       ..  :     •.         1.........  UeurJ. 

Ti;!iMn,!ii'.-!"ii''          :  - 

';  ,  ;,  ;■ I  I 

Stewait,  W.lluiin,  Aug    U,  l7,-,^  ,  2.1  aa es,  lo^vt  I,,  J, .hi,  An.lereon. 

Ji1i,',"1"'k-1.i'-"i'  '                                  " 

Wiilker,  Joseph,  Feb  7, 175;i  ;  20  acres,  next  to  his  other  lanil,  now  owned 

J-l Ill        1 

n,,i„.ii  1  i,,,k    1    1 

iiii  h  11,1, 1 ,1     .  '.!1!!.'.'.'.'.'."!  5  li 

by  Josiali  Walker. 

ii.u.'.i  Ml  i'i.",i   5   i; 

(;.oiK,j  Mci:ul.,iiKh 1    U 

Young,  John,  March  1,  1757  ;  32  acres. 

J-I.i.  Mil" 2     1, 

Uhurk-..  ,1U-Cah'»liT 4    0 

Young,  Henry,  March  14,  1756;  20  acres. 

H,.UUK.',-          2     C 

John  Anderson,  carpenter....  1     U 

Young,  John,  Nov.  13,  1768  ;  20  acres. 

.loliu  Anderson,  Sr 4    0 

" 

J.r,ii,iHl,  M,.iwu   ,.,1''.'.".Z!!  2     C 

ASSESSMENT    ROLL   OF   17S0. 

Frecrun. 

Gilbert  Anderson,   200  acres,    ei75;  2   horses,  S20;   2   cows,  £9;  total 

a    ,1                                                             8.  d. 

value,  £204;  tax  levied,  £60. 

Tliomas  Clark i;    () 

wdhal'w'liuei- ;::::::::::  I  I 

William  Anderson,  100  acres,  £180;  2  horses,  £26;  2  cows,  £0;  total 

Fiu.ici80uUui» i;    u 

value,  £218;  tax  levied,  £120. 

Hugh  P-.luy 0     0  ,   U.ivi.l  CuulKi.- li    0 

John  Anderson,  300  acres,  £.140;  5  horses,  £50;  2  cows,  £0;  total  value. 

Chaulks  BltL'.M.K.sTEU,  Cotlctor. 

£41  Kl;  tax  luri,-d,  £70. 

WARUANTEES  OF  LAND  IN  rOI.BUAIN    I'KBVIOUS  TO  18U0. 

John  Andrews,  Sr,,  2,50  acres,  £4oO;  3  horses,  £3o ;  5  cows,  £20;  total 

Alllnuu,  Andrew,  Aug.  24,  1740  ;  lUO  uc.  w,  nuxl  to  llulwi  I  Allls,.... 

Widow  Anderson,  30  luies,  1.15;  1  horse,  £0;  1   cow,  £3 ;  tot^il   value. 

Allison,  Robert,  Aug.  10,  1749;  2U0  iicres,  no.xt  to  lluijli  iind  Joliii  Bur- 

£24. 

day. 

Robert  Anderson,  2  boi.sea,  2  cows  ;  tux  bvied,  £20. 

Anderson,  Robert,  Jan.  30, 1757 ;  25  ucroa,  next  to  David  \W^i  and  T. 

James  An,lers..n. 

Clark.    This  land  i»  now  occupiu.l  by  Baxli-r  Caiigln  y. 

Joliu  Andrews,  2.50  acre.s,  £200;  2  lior.^es,  £15  ;  2  cows,  £0;  total  value. 

And.-rsoii,  Saniuol,  ;\Iay  IC,  IT.'.i;  2(1  a.rea,  ni'xt  to  liia  otliur  land,  and 

£230;  tax  levied,  £00. 

riMW  «lii-i,,.  ti.e  U'lii.uiia,,!'  l;i,Mk  lli„k  l-'niniiLf.  aland,  uwiwd  by 

I'atersoii  liell,  180  acres.  £151 ;  2  hori.-s,  tls  ;  4  rows,  £12  ;  total  value. 

£181;  lax  l.^vie,!,  £100. 

0"iiii,'l,  ii„w  „„ 1  l.v  ,I,K„I,  l.,|,.„„l,„lr  an,l  o,.-u|,k.d  by  Kiljoii. 

Widow  li.iikley,  170  acres,  £187  ;  1  horse,  £10;  1  cow,  £3;  tobil  value, 

Aii,k-i«,„,  K„l,„il,  M,,y  111,  17M  ,    m  ..,  i,»,  n-xt  to  liii.  otli.T  land.      This 

land  foinis  a  pail  of  tlio  fiiiiu  now  ownv.l  by  Millfi  llairar. 

John  Br.gs,  l.ix  levi,-,l,  £0o. 

Biirclay,  IIukIi,  April  211,  1748;  ;IU  uvlos,  next  to  liiii  ullici  l.uid. 

John    n.iild,  200  a,  res,  £J.-.o  ;  2  horses,  £20;  3  cows,  £0;  total   value. 

Uarclay,  John,  May  17,  17411;  200  a 

av3,  next  t.i  11.  Ilarcliiy  and  Kob.rt 

£270;  tax  levied,  £sy. 

HISTORY   OF    LANCASTKR   COUNTY. 


WiltJAiii  Ciuin,  1  lioiise,  1  cow;  tax  1 


I!..lioit  Foilli.SiJ  iitics,  £iiii; 

U,\  l.-vii.l,  XJ3. 
Kiiliuid   Ficu,  B()  ;icres,  £:iuil; 

v^.lue,  i:i29;  tiix  li-vivj,  i 
Williiini  Kursnlli,  Inx  li'vii-.l, 
Jauies  Glunn,  150  acres,  ilOl 

£2:i;.  ;  tax  levied,  £75. 
Saniii.l  r,i,.g,  9i;  acres,  £40  ;  2 


JuniPi 


111,  321 


UuliertCalbiuith, 

Jolili   Giliel,  80  aci 
lax  lL-vie,l,  £41 

James  Gillii,.n',ta 
Rol„Tl  Gr,-gury,  ti 


£200;  tax  levied,  £50. 
lionie,  £'J  ;  :i  cows,  £'J ;  total  > 

jw,  £3;  total  value,  £Jfl-,  tax  1 

,  £10;  3  cowa,  £9;  tola!  value 


,lnl,n    I'.i^l.v.    ■.:)0  acn>,  £428;  1  lior^e,   £10;   4  cows,  £12  ;  total  value, 

£li;n;   la\  1.  vied,  £130. 
Joliii  l'all.-ib..ri,7ll  aires,  £108;  2  horses,  £10;  2co»s,  £li;  totafvalue, 

Aiidri-w  I'lirker,  200  acres,  .£225  ;  2  liorses,  £20;  5  cows,  £15;  total  value, 

Paul  llulstoii,  300  acres,  £30S;  4  liorses,  £30 ;  4  cowB,  £12  ;  total  value, 

Xo.'iu;   tax  levied,  £100. 
Hubert  Boss,  Sr.,  85  acies,  £i;4;  2  liorses,  £10;  2  cows,  £0;    total  value, 

£S0  ;  tax  levied,  £5. 
James   liuss,  30  acres,  £34;  1   horse,  £10;  1  cow,  £0;  total  value,£50; 

Naius  Richej,  50acres,  £.50;  I  liorse,  £s  ;  2  cows,  £0  ;  total  value,  £70; 
lax  levied,  £24. 

Williaui  Iiol,isuu,2  horses,2cow8;  tax  levied,  £80. 


tax  lev  ie.l,  £30. 
John  Steward,  150  acres,  £144 ;  3  horsei 

£1SI1;  tax  levied,  £05. 
William  Saiiiple,  140  aci  es,  £177  ;  3  lion 


value, 


•y,  220  acres,  £000;    2  lioraes,  £20;   4  cows,  £12;  1 

2  ;  tax  levied,  £200. 

ess,  lOU  acres,  £14li;  2  cows,  £0  ;  total  value,  £152; 

;»,  100  acres,  £1G5  ;  2  lior»ea,  £15  ;  3  co«s,  £0  ;  tot.il  value,    I  value. 

levied,  £136.  Jol.u   Wal 

acres,  £40  ;  2  horses,  £10 ;  2  cows,  f  15 ;  total  value,  £.50  ;    I  £4.57  ; 


Thoui., 


IX  levied, fllSs. 
LX  levied,  £12. 
ows;  tax  levied,  £00. 

no  acres,  £302  ;  4  horses,  £30;  G  cows,  £18  ; 

levied,  £142. 

.teres,  £235;  4  horses,  £24  ;  7  cows,  £21 ;  total 

£G0  ;  3  li..rses,  £24;  4  cows,  £12;  total  value, 
.;:l;  1  liorse,  £0;  1  cow,  £3;  total  value,  £42; 


Churchman,  lor  a  tract,  400  acres  ;  total  value,  £55; 
Joaejih  flawlord.  60  acres,  ,i:24  ;  total  value,  £24. 
Geori;..  Wilson,  50  acres,  £24;  total  value,  £24. 


McClomin,  100  acres,  £131  ;  2  horses,  £20;  5  cows,  £15;  total 
1;  1  horse,  £10;  3  cows,  £'J;  total  value, 
£223;  2  horses,  £18;  3  cows,  £0;   total 


Widow  McKneely.200iicr 

£.300;  lax  levied,  £'J0. 
Widow  McColinel,  Jr.,  2O0 

value,  £2.50  ;  tax  levied,  .£75. 
Widow    Hc('onnel,Sr.,  20"  acres,  £273;  1  horse,  £18  ;  3  cows,  £ 

value,  £300;  tux  levied,£GS. 
Alexander  May,  150  acres,  £221;  3  horses,  £30  ;  3  cows,  £9  ;  1 


otal 


Jidiu  M.  Cm 


es,  £30  ; 


1 
12;   luegro,    I 


James  Cunningham.  Uobert  Oay. 

.lames  Walker.  Samuel  Buuliug. 

James  WalUei .  Siiiuuel  iMcW  illlams. 

Mallll.-H    I'aiKs.  Jo^eldl  Miller. 

John  JleCliiid  JiuiiesOsliuMi. 

The  Early  Tavern  Licenses  granted  for  Coleraiii 
were  its  lulluw.^: 

1804,  WilliuMi  liarelay,  "Spread  Eagle,"  on  Lan- 
caster road  to  Xew|ii)rt. 

180a,  Ale.xaiider  Andrews,  tavern  on  road  leading 
from  Strasburg  to  Cliristiana. 

1800,  Alexander  Andrews,  tavern  on  Newport  road. 

1807,  William  Haivlay,  tavern  on  road  Irom  Lan- 
caster to  Newport. 


1808,   Ale.\;inder    Andrew, 
Strasbnrg    to    Newport;    \Vi 


Itarel 


iroin 
-read 


COLERAIN    TOWNSHIP. 


Eagle,"  on  road  from  Strasbiirg  to  Newport;  Joaepli 
Kiiisey,  "  Horse  and  l'2agle,"  on  road  iVmn  ClientMUt 
Level  to  Newport. 

1809,  Alexander  Andrews,  "  Rising  Sun,"  on  road 
from  tSlrasbiirg  to  Newport;  Jo.-jt'ph  Kinsey,  "  Horse 
and  Eagle,"  on  road  I'roni  Cliestniit  Level  to  New- 
port; William  Barclay,  ".'Spread  Eaglu,"  on  Newport 
road. 

one  at  Kirkwood,  kept  by  Josepli  Rouii,  the  other  at 
Andrews'  Bridge,  Abrani  Roop,  proprietor. 

TOWNSHIP  OKFICEKS. 

18-18.— Conalulle,  John  11.  lOckliii  ;  liiv|ieclor8,  Joseph  Paxson,  Hubert 
Ilugg  ;  Atscsaor,  Winiiuii  i:;ill.r.iiOi,  Sr.  ;  S.  liool  Director,  Abruhiim 
IlcConuel;  Auditor,  \V.  WhiteM.lo;  Township  Clerk,  Cyrus  Mil- 
lier,  Jr. 

1849.— Judge,  W.  Galbreatli  ;  Inapectora,  Cornelius  Collins,  J.  BichiirU- 
soii ;  Supervisor^,  Robert  Ferguson,  John  Wliiteaido;  Scliool  Dirce. 
tors,  Ilol.ert  Ferguw.n,  Cornelius  C.dllns,  U.  Swi,her;  Assessor, 
William  O.dbnuch  ;  Auditor,  Williiiui  White;  Con>,tiible,  Ilani.d 
lluri.u,  Cl.rU.ejrnaJlilner. 

185U.— Jud^e.  li.ivid  .1  lIUMtiiig;  Inspectors,  Ahriim  McCounel,  liobei  t 
De)ir>,  Suppni..iois,  U.  Swisher,  John  Gi.ble  ;  School  Directors, 
Williun.  Whiteside,  William  White;  Assess..r,  William  Clbrailb; 

Cook. 
1851.— Judge,  Willinm  C.  Worth  ;  Inspectors,  Abraham  Ferguson,  Jere- 
miah   llaslings;    Assessor,   William   Galhraith  ;    School    Directors, 
Cornelius   CoUius,   Jeremiah    llaslings;    Supervisors,    U.   Swisher, 
Ueiiiy  I'u.vson;  Constable,  Fiederick  McClenegbau  ;  AnJitor,  Wil- 

1853.— Judge,  Abraham  Whit.Bide,  Supervisor,  Ehenezer  Jackson  ;  As- 
sessor, Joel  Sulton  j  Inspectors,  William  Girvin,  J.  D.  llarrar; 
School  Directois,  W.  S.  Ferguson,  John  P.  Marshall;  Constable, 
James  Richardson;  Town  Chik,  Jerry  Swisher. 


18.M 


16G2.-Jndge,  Wilson   I 
Supervisors,  James 


,  Janic 


LCnlb.ugh;  Constable,  David  Walke 

A.   IJ     McOough;    School    Direct., 

William  R.  White,  Robert  Hogg,  S.  W.  Swisher;  Auditoi,  Willi. 

N.  Galbrailh  ;  T.>wu  Clerk,  J.  11.  Swisher. 

1863.— Judge,  Robert  Hogg;  luspecloi-s,   William  Davis,  David  Milk 


Din 


William  Wliite,  Jr.;  Supervisors,  David  Walker,  A.  B.  McGough; 
Constable,  J.  B.  Swisher;  Auditor,  K.  B.  Patterson;  Town  Cleik, 
W.  li.  Aohby. 

1864. -Judge,  W.  II.  Whiteside;  Inspectors,  Ba.sbr  Ciiugliey,  Thomas 
Baker;  Assessor,  James  flict'ullougli. 

1SG6.— Judge,  Samuel  W.  Dobbins,  Inspectors,  David  Walker,  Robert  C. 
M.nrison;  Sn|.ervisors,  Thonnl^•.  .lackson,  William  II.  Wliitesido; 
School  Directors,  George  R,  Ila.^tings,  Robert  B.  Patterson;  As- 
sessor, James  McCulloUgh  ;  Constable,  Joseph  Shellender;  Auditor, 
Robert  Hogg;  Town  Cleik,  J.  H.  Swisher. 

1867.— Judge,  R.ibert  Hogg  ;  Insp.ctoiH,  James  Turner,  Edgar  Penning- 
ton: Assessor,  James  SlcCuUough;  Sn|.ervisors,  Samuel  McConnel. 

Samuel  U.  Swisher,  Jose|ili  L.  tlcCommou,  Cromwell  BlackburM, 
Algernon  Whiteside;  Audilor,  S.  W.  Swisher  ;  Towu  Clcik,  Jumes 
K.  Alexander. 
1809.- Judge,  Pennington  Moore;  Inspector,  W.  H.  Hogg;  As3es.sor, 
James  McCnIlungh;  Sniiervisois,  David  Walker.  John  Rent/.; 
School  Diieclojs,  Joseph  While,  Samuel  Swisher;  Constable,  Wil- 
liam Ashby  ;    Audit.u',  Robert  I'atlel-son  ;   Towu  Clerk,  James  K. 

1870.- Judge,  Jomes  R.  Juckson;  Assessor,  James  MeCnllongh;  Su]ier- 


1872— Judge,  William  S.  Davis;  Inspector,  Milton  Ke) 
James  McCullongh;  Snpervis.irB,  Rohert  Hogg,  Ro 
School   Dircclois,  David   Walker,  Jclemiah    Masting,- 


While,  Thomas  Whilsoi 
LoveU;  Town  Clerk,  Ja 
1K7.-..— Judge,  J.imesM.  Tun 
sor.J.imesJlcCullougli; 
Supervisors,  Franklin  Ri 
Coiiftable,  James   W.  Ai 

For  the  years  187G- 
given  for  want  of  pi 
give  theni  as  follows 


Inspectors,  William  Whitman,  William 
lies  McCullongh;  Supervisors,  Miller  lliir- 
School  Directors,  Robert  Hogg,  Josepli 
;  Auditor,  W.  II.  Hogg;  Constable,  A.  P. 


InMiecl 


tor,  Simeon  W.  Swisher:  Assea- 
ctors,  P.  Moore,  Da->id  Walker  ; 
ngs;  .Vnditor.John  A.  Swisher; 


-80  the  township  officers  are  not 
oper  records,  and  we  can  only 


l.^Constable,  James  \ 
Director,  David  Walk 
Kiiieer;  Auditor,  Geoi 
le,  James  V 
Director,  John 


Sutler- 


M.  Keylor;  Scho 


Hog 


1882.— Cunsti 


K.  J.  Rogers;  Auditor, 
Roop. 
18S3.— C.nst.-ible,  William  E 
School  Director,  J.  A.  Ma 
spector,  John  F.  Montgon, 
Joseph  Roop. 

Justices  of   the 

persons  have  been  hi 
of  the  peace  for  Coh 
tion  of  tiie  State  Cons 
elect  .such  officers  : 

William  White,  Apiil  14,184 


;  Town  Clerk,  Joseph  Roop. 
s;   Supervisor,  Hugh    M.   Collins; 
Judge,  J.  B.  Caughey;  Inspector, 
a   II.   Uogg;    Town   Clerk,  Joseph 


Peace. — The  following-named 
iiiored  with  the  ollice  of  justice 
■rain  township  since  the  adop- 
titution  allowing  townships  to 


i  IC.  Siinpsuu,  A 
Galbiaith,  Api 


Union,  the  principal  village  in  the  township,  is 
situated  southeast  from  the  centre, <ind  in  point  of 
time  is  probably  the  oldest.  The  pioneer  house  in 
the  hamlet  was  built  by  Hugh  .-Andrews,  in  the  sum- 
mer of  1824.  Thejv  is  at  thi,,  place  a  ^tore  kept  by 
.Messrs.  Terry  A  Hogg,  in  which  the  |.o>t-ollice  is 
kept,  a  blacksmilh-sho|i  by  Henry  Wilkins,  shoe- 
shop  by  David  Burnite,  liarness-siiop  by  Elwood 
I'a.xson.  Here,  too,  is  the  Union  Church  (Presbyte- 
riauj,  Union  school,  taught  by  Professor  Andrews, 
and  one  physician,  ])r.  IC.  C.  Patterson.  The  name 
of  the  post-office  is  Colerain.  Popuhttion  of  the 
village  ill  1880  was  thirty-three. 

Kirkwood,  near  the  centre  of  the  townshi|>,  is  a 
busy  little  h;imlet  of  about  forty  inhtibitants.  Here  is 
a  store  by  George  S.  Truman,  hotel  by  Jose|)h  Roop, 
blacksmith-shop  by  Pearson  Holconib,  wdieelwright- 
shop  by  N.  Oroir,  (iood  Templars'  and  Od.l-Fellows' 
Hall,  and  one  physician,  Dr.  T.  IL  Weiitz.  The 
]».st-offiefe  was  in  L^-s;!  kept  in  Ihe  store  of  G.  S. 
Trum:in. 

Andrews'  Bridg-e,  a  small  hamlet  on  the  banks 
of  the  ()clor;u-a  ( 'reck,  contains  ;t  store  kept  by  Mill.in 
Utuip,  a  butel  l.v  .\braiii  U.mp,  :i  bbii-ksmith-sbop,  ;iiid 


732 


HISTORY   OP   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


name  of  the  post-ofTice  is  Octorara,  and  in  1SS3  was 
kept  in  Roop's  store. 

Collins  is  a  new  liamlct  on  the  road  from  Union  to 
Quarryville,  at  a  cross-roads.  Here  is  a  store  kept  by 
Lindley  Hutton.  A  po.st-office  was  establislied  here 
in  Jnly,  1SS3,  with  Lindley  Ilutton  as  postmaster. 

The  Union  High  School  originated  in  the  de^re 
of  a  number  of  citizens  .d'Colerain  and  Little  liiitain 
townsliips  to  secure  better  I'acilities  for  educating 
tlieir  cliildren  tlian  those  afforded  by  the  common 
scliools.  James  W.  Andrews,  A.M.,  wdio  had  for 
some  years  previous  taught  an  academy  at  Hope- 
well, Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  was  prepared  to  enter  the 
work  of  teaching  here  as  soon  as  the  neces.sary  ar- 
rangements could  be  made.  A  somewhat  serious  dif- 
ficulty, however,  jtresented  itself  in  the  want  of  a 
suitable  building.  There  was  no  liouse  in  the  neigh- 
borhood adapted  at  the  same  time  to  the  nee.L  of  a 
school  and  to  the  peculiar  sitiiali.m  of  a  teacher 
almost  wdioUy  dejirived  of  the  use  of  liis  physical 
powers,  as  was  },U\  Andrews.  To  remove  this  difli- 
culty  with  the  least  p(jssible  expenditure  of  money, 
David  H.  Cochran  consented  that  a  school-room 
might  be  annexed  to  his  dwelling-house,  ottered  the 
free  use  of  the  ground  for  school  purposes  tor  a 
jjeriod  of  ten  years,  and  to  avoid  all  controversy  in 
the  future  agreed  to  sell  his  house  to  the  proprietor 
of  the  proposed  school  at  any  time  within  the  same 
period.  The  joint  occupation  of  the  i)roperty  was  ter- 
jninated  in  Ajjril,  1867,  at  which  time  Mr.  Cochran  sold 
his  interest  to  tiie  present  owner.  The  room  having 
been  made  ready,  the  school  was  opened  on  the  8th  of 
August,  1859.  Twenty-two  jiupils  atteniled  during 
the  first  term,  and  the  number  increased  steadily  for 
the  next  ten  years.  The  twenty-fourth  year  closed 
the  loth  of  June,  1883.  The  whole  nundier  of  pupils 
enrolled  during  that  time  was  six  hundred  and  forty- 
one  ;  the  average  number  in  attendance  each  term, 
thirty-two  ;  the  average  length  of  time  each  attended, 
a  little  over  one  year ;  the  largest  number  in  attend- 
ance during  any  one  term,  forty-seven.  Of  the  pui»ils 
taught  in  this  school,  one  hundred  and  twenty  have 
been  engaged  in  teaching  for  longer  or  shorter 
periods.  15ut  few  have  entered  the  three  learned 
professions,  there  being  among  them  all  hiil  one  min- 
ister, six  lawyers,  and  eight  doctors.  The  rejuainder 
of  the  pupils  may  he  found  on  the  farm  and  the  rail- 
way, at  the  editor's  de.-,k,  in  the  dentist's  ollke,  in  the 
bank,  the  counting-house,  the  printing-olliec,  and  en- 
gaged in  mercantile,  manufacturing,  and  michanieal 
pursuits  of  various  kinds.  The  death  record  (d'  the 
scho<d  contains  fifty-live  names.  The  twenty-two 
pupils  who  attended  during  the  first  term  were  all 
living  at  the  i-lo^e  of  the  nineteenth  school  year. 
Profe-sor  Andrews  has  always  proved  himsell'a  hiith- 
ful  and  kind  teacher,  and  his  pupils  owe  inueh  to  his 
untiring  ellbrts  in  their  behalf.  "His  imme  will  alwav. 
deserve  one  of  the  hig'hest  places  on  the  ndl  (,f  Lan- 
caster County's  honoreil  instructors. 


Common  Schools. — Colerain  accepted  the  com- 
mon school  .system  in  1S3G,  and  had  at  that  tii.ie  four 
humlred  ami  forty-nine  taxables. 

Sevcli  scliool-liouses  were  built  in  1838,  and  the 
first  publie;^schools  were  opened  in  1839.  The  aver- 
age number  <d"iiupils  in  each  school  was  about  twenty, 
and  the  salary  paid  lo  learhers  twenty  dollars  per 
month.  The  rn-.t  bomd  nl'  directors  consisted  of 
Cornelius  Collins,  Robert  Ferguson,  and  Hugh  An- 
drews. Among  the  first;  teachers  were  Algernon 
Whiteside,  Thomas  Ferguson,  and  Joseph  McCoin- 
mon.  The  latter  taught  the  first  term  in  Mount 
I'^den  scliool-house,  then  familiarly  known  as  Wil- 
son's scho(d-house.  Two  more  houses  were  built  a 
few  years  later.  Within  the  last  ten  years  the  school- 
houses  of  Colerain  have  been  rebuilt,  and  they  now 
rank  among  the  best  in  the  county.  In  the  year  end- 
ing June  5,  188'J,  C<derain  had  two  hundred  and 
twenty-three  male  and  one  hundred  and  ninety-five 
female  pupils  in  school,  at  a  cost  of  eighty-five  cents 
per  month  for  each  jjupil.  The  total  amount  of  tax 
levied  for  school  and  building  purposes  for  the  same 
year  was  three  thousand  four  hundred  and  five  dollars 
and  nineteen  cents.  The  amount  paid  as  teachers' 
wages  was  two  thousand  and  ninety-five  dollars. 

The  organization  of  Colerain  public  schools  for  the 
year  ending  June  5, 1883,  consisted  of:  Scliool  hoard 
of  directors,  John  Haversfick,  president;  Penning- 
ton Moore,  secretary  ;  Robert  Patterson,  treasurer ; 
Albert  Worth,  William  II.  Hogg,  and  John  Samp- 
son. Teachers,  .Mary  R.  Andrews,  Mount  Eden; 
Mary  C.  Stewart,  Union;  Hannah  Wason,  Rosedale; 
UonaReyiiohN,  .\mity  ;  MissCoates,  Pleasant  Grove  ; 
Louella  'm.  Swi-her,'  IIoi)e;  Jerry  Swisher,  Har- 
mony; Louella  R^  Swisher,  Salem;  Annie  M.  15ar- 
nett,  White  Plain. 

Union  Church. — In  view  of  establishing  a  church, 
a  lot  of  land  containing  one  acre  and  one  hundred  and 
thirty-five  perches,  strict  measure,  was  purchased  from 
Joseph  Amlrews.  The  land  was  conveyed  to  James 
Thompson,  John  Andrews,  John  Coulter,  Ahram 
Whiteside,  and  William 'Hunting,  Jr.,  in  trust  for 
the  people.  The  first  subscription  |)aper  for  money 
to  buy  land  and  erect  a  building  was  dated  June  22, 
1811,  and  was  signed  by  one  hundred  and  twenty-one 
persons  with  sums  ranging  from  fifty  cents  to  forty 
d(dhus.  The  meeting-house  was  originally  erected 
as  a  preachiiig-|dace  for  Presbyterian  and  Seceding 
ministers,  as  a  Union  chapel,  taking  its  name  from 
that  fact.  The  contractor  lor  the  carpenter-work  was 
,)..lin  Hayes,  the  father  of  the 
I'.ritain  township,  was  contractor  for 
Tlie  amount  paid  to  William  Tay- 
ndred  and  eighty-eight  dollars  ami 
The  full  amount  subscribed  was  six- 
d  seventy-four  dollars  and  lunety 
ling  committee  consisted  of  Joseph 


William 

I'av 

Haves  of 

Litt 

the  masoi 

■w< 

lor  was  tl 

ree 

(ifty-two  cent 

teen   hum 

rei 

cents.     T 
Andrews 

e  1 

Jai 


Jacks,, 


bui 


COLERAIN    TOWNSHIP 


733 


8lnne,  iind  was  about  thirty-six  by  forty  I'eot.  The 
tliurcli  was  organized  about  the  year  1810,  anil  con- 
sisled  of  eighteen  meiuhers  and  four  ehlers.  Tiie 
elders  were  James  Jaelcson,  Jolin  Crawford,  and  prob- 
ably Abrani  Whiteside  and  Abrani  IMeConnel.  The 
first  sermon  preaehed  in  tlie  church  was  delivered  by 
Rev.  Ebenezer  Dicl^ey,  pastor  of  the  Oxford  Presby- 
terian Church,  Cliester  County,  Pa.  For  numy  years  | 
the  congregation  worshiped  in  tliis  building,  with  un- 
phistered  walls,  rude  seats  made  of  planks,  with  four 
sticks  for  legs,  eacli  family  being  required  to  furnish 
tlieir  own  seat.  The  first  pastor  was  Rev.  E.  K.  Dare, 
installed  Nov.  18,  1817,  and  served  until  his  death, 
Aug.  26,  1826.  In  September,  1818,  Samuel  Martin, 
Joseph  Andrews,  and  William  jMeCommon  were 
elected  elders.  William  Hayes,  John  Whiteside, 
David  Jackson,  and  Abner  Davis  were  elected  elders 
in  March,  1826.  The  next  pastor  was  Kev.  Alexander 
G.  Morrison,  installed  in  1828,  and  served  until  183-1. 
In  1838  permanent  seats  were  put  in,  the  church  re- 
paired and  painted.  The  church  was  without  a  pastor 
from  183-1  to  1837.  David  McCarter  was  installed 
June  3,  1837,  and  remained  until  1841.  During  his 
pastorate  William  Galbraith  and  Hugh  Andrews 
were  elected  elders,  in  the  year  1839.  Rev.  Samuel 
Dickey,  of  Oxford,  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  was  installed 
Oct.  y,  1844,  and  resigned  Oct.  12,  1853. 

In  1845  the  church  was  repaired,  new  roof  put  on, 
a  new  pulpit  made,  the  piews  were  remodeled  and 
painted.  Owing  to  increased  attendance,  in  1851  one 
end  was  taken  out,  the  building  extended,  and  more 
pews  put  in.  Messrs.  Robert  Andrews  and  Robert 
Jackson  were  the  contractors  for  the  work.  From 
1853  to  1855  the  church  was  without  a  regular  pastor. 
Rev.  G.  Van  Artsdalen  was  called  to  be  pastor,  but 
was  not  installed  by  Presbytery,  and  in  1857  he  was 
removed  by  Presbytery  suspending  him  Irom  the 
ministry.  April  12,  1858,  Mr.  Calvin  W.  Stewart, 
the  present  pastor,  then  a  student  in  Princeton  Semi- 
nary, received  a  call  and  became  pastor.  The  call 
was  ]daced  in  his  hands  at  a  meeting  of  Presbytery 
April  ISth,  and  he  was  installed  June  24,  1858.  The 
following-named  elders  have  been  elected  during  his 
pastorate  :  Josepli  J.  Andrews,  Joseph  L.  McCom- 
mon,  William  R.  White,  and  James  G.  Morrison,  in- 
stalled Sept.  1',),  1858;  James  R.  Jackson,  John  A. 
Alexander,  and  Dr.  James  P.  Aiulrews,  installed 
Sept.  30,  18(;G;  Thomas  FergUMm,  installed  April  6, 
18G7;  Joseph  P.  Davis,  iii.talh-,1  A|m-i1  14,  1874; 
James  S.  Patterson,  Koberl  Morrisuii,  Washington 
B.  Paxson,  and  iMan.is  N.  Scoit,  install. d  .'^ept.  24, 
1881. 

The  present  bouse  of  worship  was  erected  in  1869, 
built  of  brick,  eighty-five  by  fifty-five  feet,  and  cost 
about  ten  thousand  dollars.  There  have  been  about 
live  hundred  members  added  on  profession  of  faith, 
and  one  hundred  by  letter  from  other  churches.  The 
whole  number  of  communicants  in  regular  attend- 
ance at  the  present  time  is  about  four  hundred   and 


tifty.  The  ]jresent  organization  consists  of  Pastor, 
Rev.  Calvin  W.  Stewart;  Elders,  Joseph  J.  Andrews, 
Joseph  L.  McCoinmim,  Thomas  Ferguson,  James  K. 
Jackson,  Joseph  B.  Davis,  James  S.  Patterson,  Rob- 
ert A.  Morrison,  Washington  1).  Paxson,  and  Francis 
N.  Scott;  Trustees,  Robert  li.  Patterson,  Joseph 
White,  William  R.  Wright,  Cromwell  Blackburn, 
Charles  Hayes,  and  George  D.  Hastings. 
The  church  has  the  following  missionary  societies: 
Women's  Home  J\Ii.ssionary  Society. — President, 
Jlrs.  C.  W.  Stewart;  Secretary,  Mrs.  Albert  Worth  ; 
Treasurer,  Mrs.  Joseph  D.  Hastings. 

The  Mackey  Mission  Band.— President,  Miss  Mary 
C.  Stewart;  Secretary,  Miss  Mary  White;  Treasurer, 
Miss  May  Jackson. 

Women's  Foreign  Jlissionary  Society. — President, 
Mrs.  C.  Blackburn;  Secretary,  Mrs.  G.  R.  Hastings; 
Treasurer,  Mrs.  Rachel  Jackson. 

The  Sabbath-school  in  connection  with  the  church 
is  conducted  by  the  following-named  officers:  Rev. 
C.  W.  Stewart,  D.D.,  pastor;  James  S.  Patterson,  su- 
perintendent; George  R.  Hastings,  chorister;  V.  H. 
Alexander,  secretary  ;  Robert  A.  Morrison,  treasurer. 
The  wdiole  number  enrolled  is  two  hundred  and 
twenty-five,  including  officers  and  teachers. 

The  Free  Church.— In  1845  tlie  General  Assembly 
of  the  Presbyterian  Church  of  the  United  States  made 
a  deliverance  on  the  subject  of  slavery.  Fifteen  min- 
isters of  the  churches  located  in  Western  Pennsyl- 
vania and  Ohio  seceded  from  the  church  because  of 
the  pro-slavery  sentiments  of  the  Assembly's  deliver- 
ance. Certain  members  of  the  Presbyterian  Churches 
of  Union,  Oxford,  Fagg's  Manor,  and  Octorara  sym- 
pathized with  these  ministers  and  erected  a  church 
building,  and  efi'ected  an  organization  called  the  Free 
Presbyterian  Church  of  Colerain.  This  building  is 
located  in  Colerain  township,  near  Andrews'  Bridge. 
It  is  still  standing,  and  is  used  as  a  public  hall.  This 
church  was  dissolved  at  the  request  of  its  members 
Ajiril  14,  1874,  by"  the  Presbytery  of  Westminster, 
and  the  members  transferred  to  Union  Church. 

Colerain  Baptist  Church,  located  in  Colerain 
townshi]!,  was  (jrganized  on  the  19th  day  of  June, 
1843.  A  council,  composed  of  the  Revs.  James  V. 
Alison,  Thomas  S.  Griffith,  William  Rudy,  Henry 
Essick,  John  S.  Jenkins,  J.  B.  Lyons,  and  Enos  M. 
Phillips,  convened  in  a  grove  near  wdiere  the  meeting- 
house now  stands,  and  organized  with  twenty-six 
members,  as' fijllows:  Daniel  Harrar,  jMargaret  Har- 
rar,  Joseph  Harrar,  Catherine  Plarrar,  Jesse  Harrar, 
Uriah  Harrar,  Tuzza  Harrar,  Isabella  Harrar,  Enos 
Watson,  Ann  Eliza  Watson,  John  Watson,  Alice 
Watson,  Rachel  Harrar,  Josliua  Pusey,  Mary  Ann 
Pusey,  Robert  Ford,  James  Harvey  Clendenin,  Ann 
Eliza  Swisher,  Elizabeth  Brown,  Margaret  Swisher, 
Martha  Rebecca  Swisher,  Elizabeth  Eshelman,  Mar- 
garet R.  Williams,  Jane  Findley,  Eliza  Reath,  and 
Ann  Jane  (iib.son.  These  |)ersons  were  all  mem- 
bers   in    good    standing    in    Glen    Rock  and    Beulah 


734 


Rniitist  Cliurclies,  luul  witlidrew  lo  organize  tlie  Cole- 
niin  Baptist  Cliurcli,  it  being  nearer  tlieir  several 
homes.  Tlie  first-named  persons  were  from  Beulali 
Churcli,  situated  in  Chester  County.  The  first  min- 
ister was  tlie  Kev.  Enos  ISl.  Phillips,  who  served  as 
pastor  from  1843  to  IS.'jO.     The  succeeding  ministers 

were  as  follows:   Kcvs.   11.   Kssick, Eisenbrv,  J. 

P.  Hall,  Lewis,  Still  (who   died   here,   after 

tiioci,   1).  .1.   R.  Htrayer,  Lear,  K.  .M.  Phillip., 

W.  O.  Owens,  Alfred  Wells,  Albert  Whitiiiarsh,  ,),,- 
se]di  Sharp,  and  J.  B.  Soule,  the  present  p 
pastorate  began  Oct.  1,  18SL     There  are 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY 

\V.S.,X<.rM 


ler;  W.  A.  S.,  Albert  King;  W.  F.S., 

Laura  Swi.her;   \V.  T.,  Simeon  S.  Moore;    W.  M., 

Wildnn    Swisher;     \V.    D.    M.,    L.uiie    R.    Swisher; 

\V.  1..G.,   Anna  .1.   Long;   \V.  O.  C,   11.   B.   Espen- 

shadc;    \V.    i;.    11.   S,    Addir   .Aliller:    W.    L.    H.   S., 

Eltir  Swi~lirr;    P.  W.  ('.    r.,  W.i-hiiigton  B.  Pa.xson. 

■,  ,1.  The  siuc.-.sive  presiding  olliecrs  have  been  as  fol- 

fter      lows;    Wihloii    1).  Swisher,  Albert  King,  George  C. 

lort  '  Maule,   S.  S.   .Moore   (two  terms),  Louie  R.  Swisher 

ip.,      (two  termM,  J.  E.  l!:iker,  ICIil.u  II.  Wells  (two  terms), 

,),,-      Nora   Swisher,  Cliarlr-,  Swi.her,   .1.  F.Swisher,  J.  E. 

His      linker,  F.  W.  Hogg,  iMiiina  Swisher,  George  C.  Maule, 

,ent   i   and  C'allie  Swisher. 


one  hundred  and  twenty-eight  members, 

property  value<]  at  live  thousand  dollars. 

There  has  been   a  Sabbath-school  con 


lurch  The  ,. resent   ollicers  are:   W.  C.  T.,   Edwin   Hogg; 

\  W.V.T.,  Emma  Haekett;  W.  S.,  J.  Heaton  Swisher ; 
with  W.T.,  Horace  King;  W.  F.  S.,  Ettie  Swisher;  W.  M„ 
the  church  since  its  organization.  The  llr-,t  superin-  Elwood  .Matthews ;  W.  C.,  .Marcus  Gilbert ;  W.  1.  G., 
tendent  was  Mr.  Keech,  elected  April  l;j,  1844.  The  Thomas  ('.  Mooic;  \V.  O.  G.,  J.  A.  Matthews; 
present  superintendent  is  A.  J.  Matthews.  The  Sab-  \  \V.  R.  II.  S.,  L.  .M.  Swi.her ;  W.  L.  H.  S.,  Emma 
bath-.school  is  largely  attendeil,  and  doing  good  work.      Swisher;    \V.   .V.  S.,  Lome    R.  Swisher;    W.  D.  M., 

Wesley  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  was  organ-     .Vnnie  Jones;  P.  W.  C.  T.,  Callie  Swisher, 
ized    in    Ls:2S.     The    buililing,    a   stone    eilifice,    was  |       The  lodge  consists  at  present  of  filty  five  members, 
erected  on  a  lot  of  land   purchased  from  J.  E.  Cald-  !  and  holds'weekly  meetings  in  Kirkwood  Hall, 
well,  who   then  owned  the  Black  Rock   Forge  prop-  ;       Colerain  Odd-FeUows'  Lodg-e,  No.  544,  w;,,  111- 
erty.  I  stituted   the  Oili  ol   September,  18oS,  witli  the  Im||,,w- 

Among  tlie  first  members  were  J.  E.  Caldwell,  I  ing-named  charter  members:  David  M.  Hastings, 
Michael  B.  Barr,  Samuel  L.  Morrison,  and  Abraham  j  Isaac  Sharp,  Edwin  Garrett,  Jo.seph  E.  Good,  Jolin 
Gratf,  the  three  latter  forming  the  first  board  of  \  11.  Swisher,  Davhl  H.  Cochran,  Hugh  P.  Russell, 
trustees.  The  congregation  worshiped  in  this  church  i  Abraham  McConnell,  G.  W.  Whiteside,  Jcdin  A.  Gal- 
until  1878,  when  a  ii.Mt  and  conimodioii,  cdillce  of  \  braith,  William  S.  Barklcy,  E.  K.  Davi.,  Samuel  .Mc- 
briek    was   erected,  the    luopcrty    now    iMiug   worth      Connell,  J.   Harvey  K^hleman,  Simeon   W.  Sui.h,r, 


Francis  B.  Thomp-oii,  ,lo 
si.le,  and  Ileiny  Wilkey 
Noble  Grand,  I)a^id  .M.  1 
Shari,;  Permanent  Secret 
sistant  Secretary,  Jos,'|di 
Swisher.  The  lod 
with   the   followini 

Whi 

,  Al 


!.  Ilarrar,  A.  D.  White- 
'lie  first  ollicers  were: 
ings;  Vice  Grand,  Isaac 
Edwin  Garrett;  Assist- 
Good  ; -Treas.,  John   H. 


of  members  is  fifty.  The  Sabbatll-schoid,  held  in  the 
church,  consists  of  eighty  l)Ui)ils,  and  is  under  the 
superintendence  of  Abram  Stively.  The  average  at- 
tendance  is   si-xty-five.     The   church    is   at   present 

under  charge  of  Rev.  F.  M.  Brady.  I  Swisher.     The  lodge  has  at   present   forty  members, 

Salem  Lodge,  I.  0.ofG.T.,No.I310,  was  instituted  !  with  the  following  ..lliceis;  N.  G.,  J.  A.' Matthews; 
July  30,  1878,  with  the  following  charter  members:  !  V.  G.,  Hiram  Whitiiuin  ;  Per.  Sec,  A.  .lackson  Har- 
William  S.  Barkley,  Vincent  King,  Howard  Hogg,  j  rar;  As~t.  See.,  Alnn  Peters;  Treas.,  J.  11.  Swisher. 
George  A.  Hogg,  E.  T.  Keene,  Jerry  Swisher,  H.  i  The  lodge  holds  its  meetings  in  Kirkwood  Hall,  on 
Swisher,  Elihu  II.  Wells,  W.  A.  Pa.xson,  Rankin  M.  |  S:ilurday  evening  of  each  week. 
Coulter,  J.  Ehvood  Keylor,  Peuningtoji  Moore,  Albert  |  Black  Rock  Forge  and  Rock  Furnace  were  built 
King,  Hannah  M.  Underwood,  M.B.King,  P.M.  Hoi-  in  Imki,  by  'I'honoi-,  Clark,  Es,,.,  who  had  i)reviously 
comb,  Emma  Swisher,  Ettie  Swisher,  L.  B.  lO-peii-  hreii  a  ciii/,eii  oi  rhester  County,  Pa.  His  brother, 
shade,  J.  M.  Long,  L.  S.  Swisher,  Enos  P.  Hayes,  Iv  .Vbijali  Clark,  suh.t.piently  had  charge  of  the  works, 
A.  Crawford,  Henry  D.  Moore,  H.  R.  Ilastin-s,  F.  W.  and  altrrward.  the  loige  ami  funuice  passed  into  the 
Hogg,  G.C.JIaule,  F.  II.  Potts,  George  S.Jones,  Fd-  po..-e"ioii  ..f  ,1  ;,ims  Spioulr,  who  sold  the  works  to 
win  Hogg,  H.  B.  Espenshadc,  (.'liarlev  P.Swisher,  J.  I  Maj.  John  Caldwell,  bv  wlio:u  the  old  lorgc  wa-  de- 
Malian,  J.  H.  Wilkey,  Wildon  I).  Swi-her,  Addie  molished  and  lioek  Furnace  er.cted.  This  was  sub- 
Miller,  Washington  P..  Pa.xson,  Nora  Swi-hcr,  C.  L.  setiuently  sold  to  ;i  Mr.  Babbitt,  and  alter  passing 
Swisher,  Anna  S.  Maule,  Nora  S.  Barkley,  Sue  Bair,  '  through  several  hands  came  into  the  po-ession  of 
L.  R.  Swisher,  Anna  S.  Long,  H.  L.  Paxson,  Simeon  '  (Mement  Brooke,  o I  lierk^Connly,  Pa.,  Charles  l'.ro(d;e, 
S.  Moore,  J.'S.  Hart,  Jerry  Hogg,  Maggie  Snodgrass,  Jr.,  and  William  I!  While,  ,>f  Phihelelphia.  The.e 
S.  B.  King,  E.  \i.  Hastings,  J.  A.  Roge'rs,  T.  D.  JIar-  gentlemen,  under  the  hi,i,  ii.inie  of  Cliarle,  Brooke, 
rar,  H.Thompson,  E.  E.Brown,  J.  Buriiite,  Anna  .M.  !lr.  \  Co.,  eon.memed  operations  in  the  spring  of 
Rodgers,  E.  M.  Stevenson,  and  Anna  L.  Jones.  I,s:i7.      In   ls;i!i,   Robert  B.  Cabiiic,  of  Philadelphia, 

The  first  ofiiccrs  were;  W.  C.  T.,  William  S.  Bark-  became  a  partner,  and  the  linn-name  became  Biooke, 

ley;   W.  V.  T.,  Emma  Swisher;   W.  C,  .L  E.  Keylor;  .  Cabine  &  Co.     Two  years  later   Mr.  Cabine   retired 


from  the  concern,  and  tlie  remaining  partners  con- 
ducted the  business  till  1856,  when  oiierations  at  this 
place  ceased,  the  real  estate  was  sold  to  din'crent  \>nr- 
ties,  and  Kdck  Furnace  ceased  to  exist.  Under  the 
RjniiiH>tr.itii.)ns  of  the  Brookes  many  improvcnients 
were  made,  lands  in  the  vicinity  were  purchased  and 
iiii])roved,  dwellings  and  store-houses  built,  the  works 
enlarged,  and  many  hands  employed  in  coaling, 
mining,  hauling  ore,  etc.  All  this  stimulated  other 
business,  and  the  cessation  of  operations  was  re- 
garded as  a  calamity  to  the  townshi|i  and  surniund- 
ing  conn 


COLERAIN    TOWNSHIP. 

was  Samuel    Reyno 


-mill,  built  about  1790, 
and  situated  >,n  west  branch  of  Oclorara,  about  three 
hundred  yards  nortli  of  where  White  Rock  Forge 
afterwards  stood.  The  mill  was  in  operation  until 
about  ISIiO. 

A  saw-nnll  and  nail-factory,  situated  near  the  con- 
fluence of  the  two  branches  of  Octorara  Creek,  was 
operated  by  Pliineas  .\sli.  The  ilate  of  erection  is 
not  exactly  known,  but  was  a  few  years  prior  to  1S20. 

Morrison  and  ISevers'  nulls  were  situated  on  the  main 
blanch  of  Oi-torara.  The  grain  raised  in  those  dajs 
fouml  a  market  in  Newport,  carried  tlience  on  horse- 


White  Rock  Forge  was  located  near  what  is  now     back,  there  being  no  road-wagons  used  then.     Instead 
White  liock  Stalion   and   post-ollice,  on   the  line  of'  of  wagons,  what  were  known  as  "  sled-cars"  were  used 


1. 

The 

fo 

con 

,k 

Park 

other 

he 

lirm. 

di 

g  to 

'  years. 


bus 


Iliitfli  Cii 


the     Peachl.oltom     Narrow-Gauge    Kailro 
buildings  were  comnieiieed  in   Is.iii  hy   Fi 
and  James  Sproule.      Park   withdrew  from 
and  James  Sproule  lini-lied  the  work.     Tht 
managed  by  John  Alexander  and  .Mr,  Irvir 
years,  then  by  Mr.  Alexander  alone  for  twt 
The  latter  then  engaged  in  farming,  and  tli 
of  the  forge  i)a.ssed  into  the  hands  of  Vincent  and 
James  King,  wdio  conducted  it  four  years.     After  this 
William  Baker  had  charge  of  it  two  years,  when  busi- 
ness becoming  dull  the  forge  was  allowed  to  stand  iille. 
The  iron  used  in  this  forge  came  from  Colebrooke,  and 
was  manufactured  into  bar  iron  and  saw-plates,  the 
bar  iron  being  hauled  in  wagons  to  Wihnington  and 
Lancaster,  and  the  saw-plates  to  Penningtonville,  and 
shipped  via  the  Peujisylvania  Railroad  to  Philadel- 
phia.    It  took  three  huiulred  tons  tii'  pig  iron  to  sup- 
ply the  forge  one  year,  this  amount   making  about 

sand  cords  of  wood  \U're  Usi-d  |ier  year.  Nine  Ibrge- 
men,  together  with  a  number  of  wiioilchoppers  and 
colliers,  were  employed.  The  ilam,  in  connection 
with  the  forge,  covered  forty  acres  of  land.  Jacob 
Handley  was  the  first  clerk  at  the  forge.  The  other 
clerks  were  Moore  Irviii,  Vincent  King,  and  James 
King.  When  the  forge  business  ceased,  Mr.  Sproule 
sold  the  greater  part  of  his  land  to  Thonuis  Wliitson, 
and  the  remaining  portion,  that  on  which  the  forge 
was  built,  to  Frank  Ilobson.  The  latter  sold  to  Alex- 
ander W.  Morri.son,  who  tore  down  the  forge  build-  I  ii"i'0'-i  .so.it 
ings,  so  that  hut  few  tiaces  of  them  remain.  This  '  Til.m!"^  Y>lii 
|)roperty  is  now  owned  by  Jaines  King,  of  Little  j  winiam  oiiii 
Britain  township.  J.iiiu  l!i..nii. 

Barnett,  purcha.scdby  him  in  lS(i;i,  formerly  belonged 
to  the  White  Rock  Forge  Company,  and  the  house  in 
which  he  lives  was  the  forge  company's  "  Mansion 
House,"  and  on  the  west  side  of  it,  in  wdnit  is  now  a 
]iart  of  thv  door-yanl,  stood  the  company's  store  and 
warehouse.     Could  the  old  spot  of  ground  talk,  many 

Pioneer  Mills.— CoUrain  is  amply  supplied  with 
watcr-p.jwcr.  The  early  inhabitanis  seem  to  have  ap- 
jireciated  this  advantage,  as  quite  a  nundier  .)f  mills 
were  in  operation  at  a  very  carlv  date.     Among  these 


articles  from  one  point  on  the  farm  to 

le  line  between  farms. 
Military.-The  early  settlers  in  and  before  1750 
were  llobert  Anderson,  farmer;  Joshua  Anderson, 
farmer;  Joshua  .Imlerson,  Jr.,  farmer;  and  Samuel 
Anderson,  Esq.,  who  in  175G  raised  a  company  of  as- 
sociators  during  the  French  and  Indian  war.  Joshua 
Anderson  was  his  lieutenant,  and  J(din  Barkley  was 
ensign.  The  comp.my  was  comjiosed  entirely  of  citi- 
zens of  Colerain  and  vicinity  : 

Kubert  .\riJers..n,  Uaiksiiiitli.  J..lin  Uiriiev,  weaver. 


.lHini'»  Jl..n.>w,  rum 
M..»i-s  McWuMiT.  fu 
J.fi'pl.  Mill.T,  Esq., 


ltijl..-it  li..i,a,  Sr. 
.\lrX.irMler  Rogers,  wc. 
Arcliil.iilil  Sec, It. 


It  will  be  seen  from  this  list  that  up  to  the  ye; 
1758  a  clean  list  of  Scotch- Irish  were  settled  in  Col 
rain.  A  few  years  later  the 
the  township.  At  the  comm 
lution,  Thomas  Whiteside   wa 


^Vhitesides  came  into 
ncement  of  the  Revo- 


736 


HISTORY    OP    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


mained  in  coraiiiissioii  for  mure  than  tliirty  yearn. 
He  had  two  sons,  Abraham  and  .Tamos.  The  White- 
'sides  in  Lancaster  came  from  this  family,  and  also 
those  who  resided  in  Little  Britain  township  are  snp- 
posed  to  belong  to  the  same.  Li  1777,  Col.  James 
Watson  commanded  the  Second  liatlalimi  of  luililia, 
and  was  at  the  battle  of  lirandyuine,  on  the  1  Ith  of 
September,  1777.  This  battalion  was  entirely  raised 
in  Colerain,  Bart,  Little  Britain,  and  Drnmore  town- 
ships. Lient.-Col.  James  Porter  was  from  Drnmore. 
J'he  captains  were  John  Scott,  Little  Britain; 
Joshua  Anderson,  Colerain;  John  Johnston,  Little 
Britain  ;  Thomas  Wliite,  James  Morrison,  Drnmore  ; 
Joshua  Ellison,  Patrick  Marshall,  Drumore  ;  John 
Paxton,  Bart. 

The  major,  Dovington  Wilson,  was  from  one  of  the 
adjoining  townships. 

The  first  lieutenants  were  John  Cunningham, 
Colerain;  Robert  Miller,  .loseph  WalUer,  Little 
Britain  ;  Thomas  Clark,  Robert  King,  Drumore 
(Robert  King  and  Samuel  King,  who  went  from 
JLirietta  to  Lancaster,  are  descendants  of  this  King); 
James  Patterson,  Little  Britain  or  Drumore  (there 
were  families  of  same  name  in  both  townships) ; 
John  Caldwell  was  from  Little  Britain  or  Drumore; 
William  Ramsey,  Drumore. 

Second  lieutenants  :  John  Duncan.  Alexander 
Hason,  Joseph  Tweed,  John  Reed,  Thomas  Neal, 
Samuel  Jamison,  William  Calhoun  (this  was  prob- 
ably a  relative  of  John  C.  Calhoun,  as  the  father  of 
the  latter  came  from  that  neighborhood),  John  Shan- 
non. 

John  Gable  and  Abner  and  Jesse  Davis  served  as 
soldiers  in  the  war  of  1812. 

Colerain  sent  the  following  soldiers  during  the 
civil  war:  Patterson  MeCommon,  James  ]I.  M, Com- 
mon, Robert  Kiehardson,  John  Rieliard>..a,  Madison 
Lovett,  Lorenzo  Loomis,  and  J.-hn  Phillips.  I 


C  II  A  P  T  E  R    XL  V. 


excellent  fertility  and  well  cultivated,  containing 
some  of  the  best  farms  to  be  fouiul  in  Lancaster 
County.  The  population  in  1880  was  two  thousand 
five  hunctred  and  lifty. 

Concstoga  Centre,  near  the  centre  of  the  township, 
Rockhill  in  the  northwest,  Slackwater  in  the  north, 
Safe  Harbor  in  the  west,  and  Ccdemauville  in  the 
southeast  are  the  chief  centres  of  po[)ulation. 

It  contains  at  present  six  hotels,  seven  stores,  three 
cigar  manufactories,  five  post-offices,  two  grist-mills, 
one  paper-mill,  one  rolling-mill,  one  furnace,  seven 
churches,  ten  schools,  and  one  tannery.  There  were 
in  1883  six  hundred  and  thirteen  taxables.  Value  of 
real  ami  personal  property  is  a  little  over  one  million 
hve  hundred  thousand  dollars. 

IN    1776    liETWEEK    THE 


CONRSTO(:.\ 


rciis  Te.ill. 
rt-aaTiuU,  Jr. 
Ill  irigf. 


.\l,nil.ii 

mG 

uff. 

And.  en 

SlI 

. 

Andrea 

Mc 

Hoiij.ili 

ill  1- 

slieU 

ConibMuB  Jiicub. 


Ucnry  Blushge 
Henry  Mdl.T. 
Henry  Hajiy. 


n, 

iry  Hiiyer. 

He 

,ry  Huber. 

He 

iiy  Line- 

H. 

iry  Fel.lbe 

1m 

ic  Iliviinen 

Is. 

le  llcrkliul 

Isauo  lireiineu 

Jo 

n  lUss. 

Geographical  atjd  Descriptive.— Tlii,- 

braced  a  territory  much  greater  in  exte 
the  present  time.  In  ISoS,  Pequea  Uiw 
formed  from  the  eastern  part  of  it,  at  \ 
the  boundaries  were  materially  changed 
defined,  its  boundaries  are  Manor  townsl 
northwest,  Lancaster  township  on  the 
quea  township  on  the  east,  Martic  towns 
south,  ami  the  Susquehanna  River  on  th 
contains  contains  about  nineteen  thousan* 
dred   acres  of  land,  surface  rolling,  and 


lip    01 

north 


llyl 


r  C.  Hiller,  Ksq. 


Julin  Kclielman. 


CONKSTOGA  TOWNSHIP. 


737 


and  to  wliom  they  undoubtedly  had  made  sales  pre- 
viously, although  the  act  of  Assembly  required  the 
mortgage  to  be  Ibreclosed.  It  is  evident,  from  the 
Miiiniief  in  which  this  uii|ilt'as;int  duty  was  performed, 
that  Mr.  Postlelhwail  w;„  licM  m  the  highest  esteem 
l>y  tiieiii. 

Other  Old  Properties.— t.»n  the  r.th  day  of  June, 
1727,  a  tract  of  land  wa-  Mirveycd  and  granted  to 
Benedict  E>hleniau  (.six  hundred  acres).  This  tract 
is  now  owned  by  Christian  E.  Jliller,  Christian  Har- 
nish,  George  A.  Tripple,  and  others.  On  the  one 
owned  by  Mr.  Miller,  Eshleman  built  a  house  in  17o<», 
on  the  one  owned  by  Mr.  Harnish  he  built  in  17G4, 
and  later  he  built  on  the  one  owned  by  JMr.  Tripple. 
All  of  these  houses  are  occupied  at  present,  and  from 
their  appearance  look  as  though  several  generations 
more  nught  pass   away  before   they  are   necessarily 


img-s. 


Pioneer  Dwt 
in  the  ti.wii-hi|.  arc  Chr 
Benedict  E.shlcnian  in  1 
built  by  Benedict  Eshlcn 
man's,  built  by  Henry  .Stc 

T.\X.\UI.KS   OK    Cl. 


eldest  dwelling-houses 
11  E.  Miller's,  "built  by 
Christian  Harnish's, 
in  1704;  Jacob  Baus- 
n  in  17G7. 


,  2  liorflus,  3  cuwa, 


Conestoga's  Claim  to  the  First  Seat  of  Justice, 


—It  was  in  Conestoga  township  that  thi 
General  (^larter  Sessions  of  the  Peace 
the  house  of  John  I'ostlethwait,  for  t 
Lancaster,  the  oth  day  of  August,  in  t 
(if  the  reign  of  our  Sovereign  Lord,  tl 
the  grace  of  God,  of  Great  Britain,  Fn 
land,  King,  Defender  of  the  Faith,  etc. 

The  Postlethwait's  Property  was  t 
owned  by  George  J.   Fclil.     .Iulm   I'os 
Mary,  his  wife,  owned  five  tracts  nl  lami 
on  which  he  loaned,  from  the  trusti-i- 
ollice  (Charles  Norri: 
bride,  Francis  Yarne 
day  of  October,  1742,  a  certain  sum  i 
able  in  installments,  and  gave  a  "  blai 
on  these  five  tracts,  about  five  hundred 
lioing  unable  to  meet  his  payments, 
act  of  Assembly  in  such  cases  made 
the  loan  commissioners  sold  the  jiroperties 
175(j,  f(jr  live  hundred  and  two  i)OUiids. 

■The  projierty  was  bought  by  Jose|ih  Pug 
a[i|irobation  of  the  loan  commissioners,  wht 

as  the  children  of  John  Postlethwait's  mi 
40 


I«„ic  liiiikliol,lc-i,  7U  iiclus,  2  horsos,  1 

.1,1.  ub  lluol.t,  4U  ..cius,  1  llurs»,  ;;  cuw... 

JlL-lLliuiiUifiun-iiuiii,  Jr,  l.l.il  valu>. 

Uu.,igo  Di.k,  1  h..iSL-,  Jiuu..,  h.l.ai.,1 

Julil.  liaiVsejl^li-,  lu(l„,  !,-,[,. lal  v.il 

Iictl'/1Q 

J..l,llIllUIIHHM,   U.l.d   V.h...    UJIIIl. 

ustice. 

Sii,.oi.  Il.ai„l,  tul.a  i:,l..,-  WJn. 

jourt  of 

iNUic  lliL..,Nc.r„aM»iM..t^-,  l"U;,rr«,  t 

icld,  at 

MiilUiiaa  llru»i.,Uo,v,l„i.,l%„li,u  f. 

J...  ,j1.  lii.T. 

mty  of 
■d  year 

MuldiL.il  llreiiiic-iiiaii,  100  ao.  L»,  ■!  li,.i 

Ji.lmCi-.muncI,  4UUUM,  1  cvvs,l..l..l  v 

nd,  by 

VillilgL'  uf   CoiU.Stt.gll  iVMlllf.) 

lid  Ire- 

Uul.t-rt  ColUns. 

Jolili  Kslileiiiiin,  loo  iitios,  :i  ll.nat.s,  3 

(LananOHi.aitoftte 


iilno  C'JiOO. 

it.il    valuo  .£11,000. 

,  G.  A.  Tiiimlu,  and 


Thomas    J.ivi 
, and  John  W 


d.in   Ivirk- 

Williiiui  Kolili,  tutal 

n  the  ITith 
)ncy,  jiay- 

Wllli.ui,  Kulch.Jr.l. 

Aiidn-w  F..|,l,  IliiiiiV. 

mortgage 
fifty  acres, 
rtue  of  ail 

l.rovided. 

Jiiti.l,  l.r.    _  !,    , 
Jolini;...  I.l.    i: 
Ad.i.ii  i..i:l,    '     ..    1.-. 
Al.ral.uni  !!«>,  70.1. 
SuDUlol  lU-Sd,  344  uci- 

's  in  June, 
h  with  the 

DllVid    IICS9,  2H0  ULTf 

uwiiod  I.J  Julili  1 
Jacob  lU.a,,  26  uile», 
Jacob  lliia.n.i  11,  TOO  u 

instructed 

Jucub  lli-iiiey,60iici 
|.,-i,t  ol  lle.iiy  W 

I'.irlii-s 

Julii.  ni-sslet,  IJO  ucr 

Aiillioiiyllabtikuui, 

.t.il  viilue  i:ii;ou. 
.rsw,  2  fows,  total  value  £1600. 
,  2  cows,  total  value  tlSOO. 
^I'S,  2  cows,  total  value  £1600. 
loa,  S  cows,  total  value  ISSOO. 
OS,  0  cows,  tolul  value  jCldOO.     (L 


otal  value  £300. 


738 


HISTORY    OP   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Miclmel  llenrj',2covV8,  t>. 

al  value  £120. 

Pelei  Swi-.ik,  1  horse,  2  cow 

.total  value  11250. 

Julili  Iloret,  2  liowes,  2  cu 

V3,  lolul  value  £400. 

John  StaulTer,  100  acres,  tola 

1  value  £800. 

Join.  Ilfl.lf,  1  c.w,  t..l;.l  ^ 

ihiu  C-J:.0. 

An.liewTauger. 

llotirv  llchiull,  lew,  lul 

1  value  CJ.ill. 

Ltidwig  Urhaii,  3  0  acies,  4 

hors,-8,6   coWB,  tota 

value    U 

00.     (Nov 

CliristiH.i  Ih'Si,  2  h,.is. J,  11 
A.lani  Ki-u.liL'.  ir,u„ci.s.4 

cuwa,  total  value  CCOO. 

0>.lied  by  li    P.  IIo..Uej- 

atal  Jacob  I'lukel.) 
tol.il  value  i:'50. 

(I.audtiow    I    Geoi-eWaricI 


(.•onielius  : 


.,„..    „.,  .„ 

,    „j    l.„ 

.„,, 

»  .„.,, 

J.. 

.    ...  .V,er 

Pe,lil 

a.) 

Abraham 

Stiller,  100 

teres, 3  1 

orses,  4  c 

ows,  to 

tal  valii 

£3200.     (1 

HOW  0 

wued  by  CI 

i.stiaii  y. 

Miller.) 

Job 

nMil 

er,  100  acrej 

near  K. 

ckhill,  to 

tal  val 

jei:i2U0 

Jac 

obMe 

lart,  IToacr 

3,  r,  hoi  3 

s,  15  cow 

,  total 

-.line  £0000.    (Land 

owned  by  Valenti 

le  Warf. 

1,  and  oc 

npied 

,y  Hear 

Thomas.) 

Jol 

u  SI  us 

ser,  ISOucn 

s,  2  horses,  7  cows 

total 

alue  £24 

<0.     (Land 

part 

f  I'oticstos 

fe.itre 

and  ow 

led  by 

Slartin 

Miisser  am 

fat 

)aiine 

Hay,  CO  ac. 

es,  2  horses,  3  cow 

.  total 

value  £4 

KJ. 

Ru 

V  Mil 

-r,  .'.0  acres 

2  horses 

5  cows. 

otal  V 

lue   CIO 

0.     (Land 

by  David  Miller.) 

Fi, 

1.  11.  k 

M.ver,2cov 

s,  total  V 

ilue  £25(1. 

IK- 

.ly  M 

br,  1311  acr 

s,  total  V 

aino  £12 

1. 

J.,L 

.bM„ 

er,  2  horses 

:i  cows. 

otal  vab 

e  £000 

lie 

ny  M 

lcr,Jr.,100 

acres,  1 

ow,  tota 

value 

£.■611. 

l^c 

rge  SI 

Ln.b)rf,  tela 

(i»U. 

Jol 

u  .Mil 

t-r,  Jr  ,  1  cov 

•,  total  V 

hie  tl2J 

Jae 

ol.  Ma 

■,  2  cm-,  to 

nl  value 

1:120. 

Ge 

1  i;i-  M 

e  1:1211. 

■  J.  Posllelhwail't 


1  value  £300. 


lier^  35  acres,  1  horse,  .3  cows,  total  value  £1800. 
r,  80  acres,  total  value  £1000. 

r  the  same  year:  Jacob  Lines, Samuel  Lines,  Leonard  Shirk, 
ni  Gocbenoiir,  Tobias  Gochenonr,  Christian  Gochenour, 
necker,  Adam  Gochenonr,  Joshua  Kehler,  Richard'  Dura, 
lib-lclier,  Henry  Ilackman,  Christian  Ilnlier,  Abraham 
J,.lin  lluber,  George  Gauter,Chiislian  Newcomer, Christian 
Christian  Eyeman,  Simou  Yentes,  Henry  Slienk,  Michael 
eorgo  Webb,  Abr.iham  Stetler. 


The  amount  of  tax  levied  for  Conestoga  townsliip 
for  tln.s  year  wa.s  £20,404  ITi.s-.  The  ^lIle^  for  the  s-iiine 
year  were  ilil'dl. 

Early  Innkeepers.— In  1804  John  Keridij;'  kept  a 
hotel  on  the  roatl  from  Laiieaster  to  BnrkhoUler's 
Ferry.  This  hotel  was  in  Conesto>ra  Centre,  the 
pro|)erty  now  owned  and  occupied  by  Dr.  J.  L.  Mow- 
ery  as  u  residence  and  office.  Peter  Kline  kept  a 
hotel  on  the  road  from  Lancaster  to  Jlartic  Foige. 
This  was  also  in  Conestoga  Centre,  the  building 
standing  on  or  ue.-ir  the  site  of  the  present  hotel. 

1805.  Henry  Bneider,  on  Lancaster  and  Baltimore 
road,  now  known  ;is  "  Willow  ytreet,"  Peipiea  town- 
ship. WvtuUc  r.i.wiuaii  kept  hotel  at  Safe  llarbnr; 
Peter  Kline,  on  Lancaster  and  Marlic  Forge  road 
(.same  a>  above),  .lacob  Menait  kept  tavern  on  road 
from  Cohniil.ia  lo  .Marlie  Foige.  This  was  the  build- 
ing afterwanls  known  as  thj  "Mansion  House,"  at 
Safe  Harbor.  It  u.is  destroyed  by  fire  a  few  years 
since,  ami  never  ndmilt.  Conrad  ICarerkept  a  tavern 
at  Susiiuehanna  liivei,  afterwards  known  as  "S^benk's 
Ferry." 

ISOG.  ,lobn  Mwrnliirf's  hotel  was  situatetl  on  Man- 
dorf's  Island,  now  .lohii  1'.  Wise,  of  Lancaster. 

1807.  Jacob  Menart  kept  tavern  on  the  road  from 
Lancaster  to  Sale  Harbor.  'Ibis  was  at  what  is  now  . 
known  as  Shu'kwaler.  Tobias  Kendig  kept  on  the 
road  from  Lancaster  to  .Martic  Forge  (Conestoga 
Centre).  .Taiob  Menart  ke|it  on  tlie  road  from  Col- 
nmliia  to  Martic  Forge,  the  -Mansion  House,  Safe 
Harbor. 

fso.s.   /iba  Webb  kept  on  the  road   from   Columbia 

ISiiii.  /.ilia  Wfbb  the  mouth  of  Conestoga.  Tiiis 
hotel  was  kept  iii  one  end  of  a  large  building  thatstood 
itt  the   moiilb  of  llie   Conestoga  (^'reek,  and  occupied 

down  Ihe  Su-.pRbaiina  KImt.  .lobn  Kendriok,  .Ir., 
on  road  to  .Moore's  Fisluiy.  This  was  afterwards 
called  "Shenk's  Ferry,"  at  which  place  there  is  at 
this  time  a  hotel. 


CONESTOGA  TOWNSHIP. 


Township  Officers,  1743  to  1840. -No 

the  to^vll^llil)  ullicir^  i>  in  i.'Xi-.teme   |iiinr  tu 
Ui'.i. 

174:1.— Plivid  Jones,  Jclin  Po-itletlnvuit,  uverseera  uf  llie  |m 
17-14.— .\Aim  and  Stepheii  liieiiiieiiuui,  urcibi^ers  i.f  the  |....; 
1744-55.— N'.i  records 
1765.— SiiMUlcI  Slyer,  JhcoIi  IIiin.i.~li,  overseers  of  (lie  poor. 


,  Ki-c 


Daniel  Stejneniiin,  John  liurr,  iin.lil 
1808.— llicliial  lless,  nnisli.m  Slu-iik,  ; 

lles\i,  George  i;rl..in,iiii,lilois. 
ISOO.-Jolin   Ilrenn.'nmn,  Jin-.il.  Wiilf.l 

Jr  ,  Jiu-oh  Shiok,  Henry  He»li,  iindi 


1767.- 


17C0.-S.,muel  lle»3,  Jolin  liyers, 
1761.— Abralomi  Miller,  John  Mil 
neS.-CeurpeS.iglHr,  Chii=tian  I 
1763.-Melclu,ir  Bienniniuii,  Is... 
17G4.-l!eneJiclJ:»hleii...M,  Cl.ii»l 
I76.5.-XO  re.ord. 
ni;6.— Frederick  Kallnon,  Frcle 
l7i-.7,-nrirh  Wilier,  Jacob  G.icli 
ITCS.— Henry  Lesh,  Geoigo  Warfi 
170'J.— Jacob  fllennrt,  Jacob  Ciyl 
1770.-Michael  Overslake,  Micl.a 
I771.-Abrahan,  Xewcomer,  I'eU 


ipervi«..rs;  Henry  Re-h, 
i,i..is;  John  Cod,  Henry 
?rvi8.irs;  John  Eachnjan, 
isors  ;  Jacob  l!arr,  Samuel 
-»;  Geoige  Yentzer,  John 
sors;    John    Good,   Lewi., 


eis  of  the  poor, 
.rseeis  of  the  po 
era  of  the  poor. 


ei-s  of  the  poor. 


ISll.- Jacob  \Var(el,  John    Iliain,  snp.'rvis. 
Good,  J.ihi.  liacl in,  ..inliloiv 

1S12.— Ge..r[;e    Urban,    ll.-nry    llesh,   superv 

Urban,  Jacob  Ripley,  John  li.a-l.nian,  Jr.,  nnditors. 

1813.- J.ihn  Bachnnin,  Sr.,  A.lani  Walfel,  snperviaois;  Chriblii.n  Ken- 
dig,  Jidm  llachinan,  Ji.,  Lewis  L'iban,  Jacob  llachm.iii,  andib.is; 
JohiiGo.id,  town  clerk. 

1814.— Jacob  ll.iverstick,  Adam  Warfi-l,  supervisora  ;  Christian  Keudig, 
Leuis  Urban,  i.nditora  ;  John  Good,  t..wn  clerk. 

ISl.'i.- Christian    riess,   ■ — -   K.i  niiin,   supervisors  ;    Christian   Kendig, 
I  Uerr  Joseph,  Lewis  Url.a.i,  ainlilors;  John  Goo.l,  town  clerk. 

181|-..— Jacob  Go.)d,  Abraham  O,.cheno.lr,  supervisors;  John  Good,  Adam 


Warl 


lies. 


iditoli 


.  Slay,  overseers  of 


,  Jul.n 


1774.-I'avid    ll.ss,  J..l.n    Slanff. 

Newcomer.  S.imnel  Myers,  A. 
1776.— A.lam  Ken.lig.  J.ic.b  Mel: 

Eshlennin,  A.lain  O.ill,  andito 
1776.— Philip  Swartz,  Jacob  Ston, 

Abraham  Newcomer,  i.iiditor 
1777.- The  satne  otliceis  served  tl 
n7».— Andrew  Fehl,  Jacob  Sjnill 


L..mlis,  supervisors;  John  Dachman,  Chris- 

■n:.   1,   \Villi,.ni  :McMiIlan,  John  llachrnan, 

■  iM^oi;  John   G.Joil,  J.d.n   l!a.:l.man,  Adam 

ill.^,  auditors. 

chael   llaverstick,  supervisors;  John  Good, 


1.-- 

1  _.  ,1 

:      II.  --.    1 

>l>  il 

bile 

.angh 

"'pel 

visoi 

s:  Job 

Good,  Jacob 

Ril'l 

y,  John  1). 

clim.in 

..n.l 

eolgo 

Yen 

/.er,  to 

vn  clerk. 

182 

i— A 

am  Thonn 

s,  John 

!Ie> 

,  stipe 

visors 

;  Ja 

ob  She 

ik,  Benjamin 

Beai 

Jacob  Rip 

ey,  a... 

LOIS 

J.diT 

Goo.l 

tow 

1  clerk 

IS- 

J.— J. 

cob  liuikln 

Ider,.h 

■.,1,\ 

arfel. 

su|.er\ 

sors 

;John 

Jooil,  Michael 

Have 

tstick,  Jacob  G,.o.l 

Jo^ 

ph  W 

Her,  a 

idito 

1^  i  Jol 

n  Good,  town 

derl 

181. 

4— Ji 

cob  I'.ipley 

T.llii.,3 

Stel 

man, 

uperv 

sors 

John 

Goo.l,  George 

Haverstick,  A.la 

n  W.ir 

el,C 

.ristia 

1  Millc 

r,at 

.litors; 

John  Warfel, 

1781.— John  li.irr,  Jac.jb  Gochennuel ,  overs 

Newcomer,  Mnrlin  Bare,  auditois. 
1782.— Henry  li.itnch,  Ln.lwig  ribaii,over 

Newcomer,  Jacob  Melzgar,  t^au.uel  My 
1783.— No  records. 
1784.— John  Beam,  Jacob  Fogel,  overseers 

voug,  auditor  (the  only  one  name.l). 
1785.-John  Beam,  Jacob   ll.,ii,isli,  oveisi 

Newcomer,  Samuel  Myers,  an.lit.irs. 


1786.-NO 
1787.-Chi 


1738.- 


Myera,  Jacob  3lelzg..i,..u. lib 
1783.— John  Barhman,  Hiclmid   1 

Met/.gur,  Samuel  llye.s,  an. 1 
1790.- Jacob  Hiennenum,  Abiiilii 

Metzgar,  Jacob  Darr,  aii.liloi 
17'JI-Ja.  ..1.  ll..;.,..,  M..lcl...i.   II.. 

M.veis,  Ji.l...    lI... ,,.,.. .1.1. .1... 

nu2.~N,.  rri,..,l,. 

179,1— Chiisl.ai.    G.icl.enour,   J.. 

Henry  Deit.ich,  Christian  SI 
1794.-Jacob  Hear,  Jacob  Stoiier, 

Michael  Mjers,  au.lib.r,. 
1705.— No  records, 
nuii.— No  records. 


:  1825.— Jacob  Menart,  M 
e  poor ;  Abrali.im    |  Adam   Kendig,  Chi 

13.  I  clerk. 

I  182G.— tieorge  Kreider,  Jacob  Menart,  supervisors;  Adam  Kendig,  Bcn- 

jr;  George  Rath-    ^  jamin  5lus~er,  Christian  Miller,  auditors  ;  J.din  Good,  town  clerk. 

e  only  one  name.l).  j  1827.— Daniel  Hess,  John  Foriey,  supervisors;  Jacob  Sh.'uk,  Jr.,  Jacob 

lac.l.   ll.,ii,isli,  oveiseers  of  the  p.,or  ;    Abiah.vm  Fehl,  Jr.,J.jhu  God,  T.ibias  St.-h. nan,  auditois;  John  G0...I,  town 

el  Myers,  an.lit.irs.  1  clerk. 

1828.— Henry  Charles,  Ih-olg.i   Krei.Ier,  siiporvis.ils;  Jacob  Shei.k,  Jr., 
■er,  John  Bachman,  overseers  of  the  poor;  George  Jacob  Fehl,  Jr.,  John  i;.-..!,  T  ibi..s  St.him.n,  audib.rs. 

Bear,  Samuel  Hess,  auditors.  ,  182'J.— Adam  Keu.hg,  CI.,  .,1.1.1,    11.  r,.  M.p.  rvisors;  Jacob  Shenk,  Jr., 

.  Tobi.is  J.diiison.  overseers  of  the  poor;  Samuel    1  John  Mccartii.  y,  Hi. -I.   .M.  Ii  .il.-.\ ,   ll.niy   Hess,  ..nditors;    Gcolgo 


I0...I,  Jacob  Fri 
.  vl.nk. 


Christian  Horr, 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


peiviaint);  Samuel   Jleliaffey 
3uls;  &muel  Mohancy,  Juliii 


JUSTIOKS  OF  THE 


ull,  Al.ril  13,  1847. 

Joliu  JL 

ITy,  April  lU,  1849. 

li.  S.  Mc 

un,  Apiil  15,  1852. 

D.njaini 

fly.  Aim  1111,1854. 

11.  S.  5K 

April  11,1854. 

A.  G.  Ill 

County  Officers  Elected  from  Conestoga.— Jli- 
cliael  Sheiik,  ooiinty  comiiiissiiiner  in  KSU-l;  Jacub 
]\IcAllister,  county  coiuiuissioner  in  lS3:i;  John 
Warll'l,  member  of  the  State  Legishiture  in  1842; 
lliiv'h  Meluiftey,  register  of  will.s  in  lS3(i-39  ;  Jacob 
(i.  I'eters,  member  of  tlie  State  Legislature  in  ISGS; 
Dr.  J.  C.  Gatcbell,  member  of  tlie  State  Legislature 
in  1871  ;  John  W.  Urlian,  clerk  of  Quarter  Sessions 
in  1872-74;  Amos  GroHT,  coroner  in  1875-77  ;  John 
P.  Good,  recorder  of  deeds  in  1880-82. 

FUElMIOLUKllS   OF   CuNESTOGA    TOWNSUIH    IN   1840. 


Good,  Cli 

Good,  Jo 

Good,  .)o 

Good,  Ja 

Gardnor, 

Gruvor,  J 

Gion,  ,1a 

Gall,  1I..T 

Gall,  51a 

Gio«,  M 

GoutniT, 

nUli,  Abniliai 

llobaugh,  Ho 
3,  Honry. 


j           llabKs  Col, rail. 

Miller,  Joseph. 

1            llcir,  Mallin, 

Muridorir,  Isaac. 

Ik'llii.iM,  JmIhi. 

JIdlor,  Ubrblian. 

1             llavoibluk,  ll.ivid. 

miller,  Jobo. 

ll,.,f,J.ln,. 

Myer,  S  UMUel. 

lU-,,  Midnnl. 

Mebadey,ll0Kb,l.;,1.  . 

llfisll,.l;«-..l,. 

Master,  JolHi. 

Il.,..vvr,  liaiik-1. 

MoBter.Sauluel. 

lllll»'l,.loI,I,. 

Muisor,  Jacob. 

I  leas,  David. 

JIa.iart,  Jacob,  Sr. 

llail.iil.,  J..lin. 

Miller,  Frederick. 

ll.uKM,.,,,.  ll.nry. 

Miller,  Martin. 

l^■^^,  S..lal..'L 

Miller,  Cbristian. 

IKsa,  Kdward. 

Peniiypackor,  James. 

i            llanusb,  Hu.l.dpl,. 

ll.lssel,  Samuel. 

Ilaii,i^l.,li.-hj.,ii.in. 

Russel,  Michael. 

I            lli'i,ly,  Jli\l,;.c-I. 

Iteam,  Frederick. 

llillfIS,   Julill. 

Relz,  Daniel. 

1            lU'ir,  (:iin,h..ii  B. 

liaukm,  Samuel. 

ll.uUman,  Jacob. 

Kobrer,  Henry. 

:            Il.'ir,  Cbii,Uali. 

Hohrer,  Christian. 

lleiuv,  Jol.M. 

liobrer,  Abner. 

Il«o,y,Cbri»Uan. 

Sterneman,  Daniel. 

Hcrsliey,  Chlistiun.- 

Sternemaii,  Cbristian. 

lU'SS,  Abiahaiii. 

Slebniau,  Tobiaa  li. 

Iliunisli,  Maitiu. 

Slebman,  Tobias,  Sr. 

H.;=»,  llaiii.l. 

Sbeuk,  Ileiiiv. 

Homy,  OfOEfS. 

Shenk,John. 

HelT,lIo..iy. 

Sbenk,  Jacob. 

Jo,.c..,Job.,. 

Stouter,  Jacob. 

Koudig,  Cbristian. 

Shenk,  Joseph. 

;           Kiridcr,  Gcoigo. 

Sheiik,  Abraham. 

Ki-oidi-r,  Cl.ii^liau. 

Sbeuk,  Benjamin. 

Kiiidei,  Jaiub. 

Sholi;  Frederick. 

Koiidi;;,  Adam. 

Steltler,  Abraham. 

Kllut,  Goolgo. 

Suavely,  Christian. 

Klino,  IVk-r. 

Stouer,  Jacob, Sr. 

K.-i.pulIb,  Jobll. 

Suavely,  Abraham. 

Klni;;,  Ui-orge. 

Stelller,  Kuianuel. 

lilioc,  M.cli.a-l. 

Shaub,  John. 

K,,-id,:,,  Jli.ba.I.Sr. 

Solirbeer,  tlourad. 

Koud,g,G,.,„..c.. 

Shenk,  Cbristian. 

KiLidor,  .lobii. 

Thomas,  Adam. 

KlielMUv,  ValoliOuo, 

Urban,  (ieorge. 

lClo„l,o,tz..lol,„. 

Urban,  John. 

I.a.ulia,  Jobn,  K,q. 

Warlel,  Jacob. 

Mpp,Cl.rU.opl,or. 

Wa,  lef,  John. 

Walfel,  .lacob,  Sr. 

I.ilioi!,  Abialialii. 

Warlel,  Daniel. 

Llliofi,  Jobn. 

W.,rfil,r|,n>tian. 

51UT,   D.LVlJ. 

Wailfl.Ceoit'e. 

JKC.,it!o.),J,dili. 

W.irfel.  Adam. 

JUball.x,.lobl,. 

W.,llei,  livibertus. 

Ilyl,n,J,.b„. 

Writ;bl,  J.iiiies. 

Jlyhii,  cbiiMiaii. 

W.ijfel.  Abraham. 

Slailii.,llawJ. 

Y.ul/er,  Jacob. 

IMilkT,  I'.loi-,  J.-. 

YorJeu,  Daniel. 

Jlvliii,  Abiabaiii. 

Yeider,  John. 

M::Alli,U.,-,Ja™l..&n. 

Yeider,  Emanuel. 

Maol,i-y,  S.imiirl. 

Yoidv,  Cbristian. 

51i.=,~ci,  li.-o.iauiin. 

Z,.,ebe,,A„d.cw. 

Conestoga  Centre 

was  originally  laid  out  in  1805, 

by  Jcihn   Ivendig,  and 

consisted  of  a  jiarl  of  thirty- 

four  acres,  late  the  pr 

ijierty  of  Martin  Kendig,  which 

John   Ueitzel,  slieritf, 

sold   to  Henry   Brenncman  in 

1805.     The  (uiginal  p 

Ian  of  the  village  was,  however, 

never  followed.     The 

village  is   about  a  mile  and  a 

fourtii  in  lengtli,  stretched  along  on  a  ridge  of  con- 

siderable  elevation ; 

contains   about   ninety    houses. 

and   upwards  of  five 

hundred   inli.ibitants.      It  has 

one  post-ollice,  three  t 

lores,  two  cigar  nianufacturies, 

J  one  saloon,  one  hotel, 

two  blacksmith-shops,  two  cab- 

CONESTOGA   TOWNSHIP. 


inet-niiikers'  shops,  one  cooper-shop,  four  churches, 
three  schools,  and  one  shoe-store. 

Safe  Harbor  was  hud  out  and  huilt  at  the  time  of 
the  erection  of  the  iron-works  at  tliat  phicr,  tlmugli 
quite  a  nuniberof  liouscs  liad  been  jHit  up  tlu-ic  prinr 
to  that  time.  During  the  continuance  ut'  the  oi.cra- 
tion  of  the  iron-works  it  was  the  principal  centre  of 
population,  but  at  present  the  greater  part  of  the 
houses  are  unoccupied.  It  contains  one  furnace,  one 
rolling-mill,  one  foundry,  two  stores,  one  drug-store, 
one  school-house,  one  church,  two  hotels,  and  a  post- 
office. 

Colemanville  was  built  to  accommodate  the  per- 
sons em[)loyed  in  the  iron-works  there  erected. 

Slackwater.— The  greater  portion  of  the  houses  in 
this  village  are  owned  by  .John  A.  Sclnjlier,  owner  of 
the  paper-mills,  and  are  occnpieil  principally  by  the 
employes  of  the  mill. 

Rockhill  is  a  small  post-town  situated  on  the  Con- 
estoga  lliver,  about  ncidway  between  Slackwater  and 
Safe  Harbor,  contains  a  grist-mill,  hotel,  blacksmith- 
sliop,about  twenty  dwelling-houses,  and  a  post-office. 

Schools. — The  common  school  system  was  adopted 
by  Conestoga  township  in  the  year  1S3G,  which  had  :it 
that  time  561  taxables. 

In  1837'  it  had  1>  school-bouses,  ',)  teachers,  and  biu 
pupils.  The  taxkniid  lor  tlii^  same  year  was  j^Soll, 
the  State  approi>riatiuii  ua-  >llJl.;5ri;  total  recci|its 

for  buildings,  j;.')75. 

The  tenth  school-house  was  built  in  ISlir).  This  is 
a  two-story  brick  buiblin^.  'I'he  luwir  moni  was 
owned  by  the  town-lii|i,  and  the  upper  st.iry  by  a 
stock  company.  In  l.sTiJ  it  was  burned  duwn,  and 
the  school  directors  purchased  the  stock  company's 
interest  and  built  a  school-hou.se  with  two  rooni.s,  but 
furnishing  and  using  only  the  lower  for  school  pur- 
poses. All  the  school-houses  are  of  brick  or  stone, 
and  are  valued  at  an  average  of  jil2(J0  each. 

In  1877,  or  forty  years  after  the  adoption  of  the 
common  school  system,  the  townsliip  bad  10  school- 
houses,  10  teachers,  and  50:i  pupils.  Tin-  tax  levied 
wa.s  $3089.64;  State  appropriation,  :si:io.U;  total 
receipts,  $5059.22;  e.xpeiulitures,  ;^-1522.-s7  ;  ex|ieiided 
for  buildings,  SrGOO. 

For  18S2  the  tax  levied  was  siiCllJ.-.;  Stat.-  appro- 
priation, i;435.4tl ;   total    rLrripIs,  o|:;s.77.      h;xp,ndi- 


I       It  has  two  schools,  but  at  present  only  one  house, 
I  the  other  (a  brick)  being  destroyed  by  a  storm  a  few 
years  since. 

In  lSS2  the  schools  were  hehl  on  the  second  floor 
of  Odd-l;\llows'  Hall,  eighty  pupils  being  in  attend- 
ance. 
I  The  tax  assessed  for  18S2  was  §350  ;  State  appro- 
I  priation,  ;?22 ;  total  receipts,  i?372;  expenditures, 
i  S500.  Present  directors  are  W.  W.  Bones,  president; 
!  George  T.  Rose,  secretary;  Theodore  F.  Patterson, 
I  treasurer  ;  Christian  15.  Henry,  George  A.  Tripple, 
I  Alonzo  G.  Hudson. 

The   teachers   of    Conestoga    township    who   were 
'  educated  and  began  the  work  at  home  were: 
I       Joseph  II.  Urban,  retired. 

I       Casper  Hiller,  now  a  fruit-grower  and  nurseryman. 
I       Calvin  B.  Kendig,  now  of  Butialo,  N.  Y. 

Adam  Kendig,  lately  a  German  Reformed  minister, 

John  M.  Kendig,  now  a  minister  of  the  Reformed 
Church  in  Ohio. 

John  J.  /ercher,  deceased. 

Michael  Benedict. 

Chri--tian  R.  Sterneman,  now  a  dentist  in  Iowa. 

W.  W.  Woods,  now  of  York  County. 

Sumuel  L.  FchI,  (Jeorge  J.  Fehl,  now  farming. 

Henrietta  Costolo,  now  the  wife  of  John  \V.  Gard- 


tur 


teacliers' 


total  expenditures,  J44U8.U1.     Cash  on  liand,  7:iu.7 
The  present  directors  are  Amos  Warfil,  11.11.  K'url 
Andrew    Good,    Ailam    Good,   Jacob    llainish,    ai, 
Samuel  Orossen. 
Safe  Harbor    Independent    School    District.- 


Harl) 


Iro 


It    Wii 


s  part  ol  (■( 
.hen  applic, 
d  district. 


James  E.  IK 

eceased. 

Benjamin  K 

yh 

vuaid,  now  of 

Lancaster. 

I!.  F.  W.  Ur 

,an, 

druggist  and 

diysician,  L 

S.dlie  A.  He 

sS,    1 

ot  teaching  at 

.resent. 

Marv  E.  I.e. 

bar 

It,   now  teachii 

g  in  ilanor 

Peter  C.  Hiller,  now  teaching  in  Conestoga  and  a 
justice  of  the  peace. 

George  E.  Lawrence,  now  teaching  in  Conestoga. 

Samuel  B.  Good,  now  teaching  in  Conestoga. 

Samuel  S.  Mehalley,  deceased. 

Sebastian  Rohrer,  now  a  house  carpenter. 

Jacob  O.  Rohivr,  now  teaching  in  Pcp'^'-'  township. 

Martin  L.  Kuiidig,  now  a  ci,-ar-niaker. 

William  K.  Souil.cer,  deceased. 

Frederick  .Souibrer,  now  a  minister  of  the  Re- 
formed Church  ill  York,  York  Co.,  Pa. 

H.  H.  RhiiiL-cr,  now  teaching  in  Conestoga. 

Charles  H.  Fralich,  now  teaching  in  Manor  town- 
ship. 

Old  Mennonite  Church.— The  first  building  be- 
longing to  this  denomination  in  Conestoga  township 
was  a  small  log  liousc,  built  on  the  site  of  the  present 
one  about  the  year  IToi',  under  the  supervision  of 
Benedict  Eshleman.  Among  the  original  members 
were  Joseph  Miller,  Daniel  Hcss,  Anna  Hess,  John 
Reider,  Barbara  Derri. linger,  and  Jacob  Good.  In 
,  1828  the  log  building  had  to  give  way  to  a  larger  one 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


which  was  built  of  stone  during  the  summer  of  this  \  or,  as  it  is  known  in  some  localities,  "Tiie  Albrights," 
year.  lu  1882  the  old  building  was  remodeled  and  j  built  their  first  church  in  Conestogu  township,  on  tlie 
made  considerably  larger.  Ita  [iresent  seating  capuc-  '■  road  leading  from  Conestoga  Centre  to  Safe  llarbor, 
ity  is  about  three  hundred  and  fifty  i>(-rs(jns.  '  in  theVear  ISitl,  at  which  lime  the  church  was  organ- 

Tlu-rc  are  at  present  connected  with  the  church  i/cd.  Thi;  Imilding  wa.  Irani,-,  and  w:is  iise.l  as  a'ldace 
fifty  members,  tlie  value  of  church  property  being  ,  of  worship  until  the  year  ISTo,  wlieii  they  built  a  new 
ahout  three  thousand  five  hundred  dollars.  The  f<d-  ;  house  of  brick  at  a  cost  ,,f  about  two  thousand  dollars, 
lowing  ministers  have  served  tlie  church  in  the  order  The  first  tru-tec^  were  Jacob  .McAllister,  Jacob  Hack- 
named  :  John  Shenk,  Daniel  Sterneman,  Samuel  ■  man,  and  Heiijamin  ICm-is-ley.  The  following  are  the 
Myers,  Henry  Shenk,  Jnhn  lluber,  Jo-eph  i'.urk-  names  of  the  mini.-ters:  UeVs.  Fred.  Danner,  Hull, 
holder,  Martin  Miller,  .r„hn  llarni.h,  and  Abraham  Ode,  P^hulty,  Francis  Fan-,  .lames  Fare,  Jacob  Adda- 
Herr,  who  are  the  [.resent  minister-.  mey,  (Samuel  Hambright,  ^Fises  Dissinger,  C.  Uecker, 

The  African  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  was  .^f  Henry,  Joseph  Specht,  Widner,  S.  Harper,  AV. 
organized  in  FS:i9,  and  in  the  following  _\  ear  a  neat  Fhick,  Shoemaker,  A.  Stirk,  Samuel  J.  Homberger, 
frame  building  was  put  up.  The  original  members  Je.ssc  Fawreiiee,  A.  Fe  Foiig,  AFuklev,  Knerr,  Jacob 
were  Simon  Richardson,  John  Wanner,  Washington  Zero,  (.'aulner,  and  l'\  A.  lless,  the  present  minister. 
C.joper,  Harriet  Sweeny,  Nancy  liicbardson,  Snsaii  I'.enjamin  k'neisK-y  is  a  local  preaclier  in  tlii^  eluireh. 
Wanner,  and  Sarah  Harley.  and  has  been  such  for  a  number  of  years.     The  nnm- 

In  1875  the  old  house  was  torn  down  ami  a  new  ,  ber  of  baptisms  have  been  seventy.  There  are  at 
frame  building,  with  a  seating  ca|jacity  of  .me  hiin-  present  litty  members.  The  present  trustees  are  Peter 
dred  and  seventy-five  |M-rsons,  was  put  up  under  the  Suavely,  Fenjamin  Kneissley,  John  Fyne-,  P.enjamin 
supervision  of  Mrs.  Harriet  J.  Sweeny.     The  c.nnrr-  ;  ^Varfel,  and  .Vnios  McAllister. 

stone  was  laid  in  the  summer,  an.l  it  was  dedicated  in  Colemanville  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  was 
the  fall  of  1S70.  organized  ii..FS4'J  l,y  members  of  theehureli  at  >F>unt 

The  following  ministers  have  otficiated  in  the  or.ler  Nel.o,  Martic  tuwiJship.  Tlie  original  members  were 
in  which  they  are  named,  each  having  served  two  '  .Morris  Clark,  James  .\.  Ewing,Ue(nge  McC.unbs,  Fen- 
years  :    Jacob    F.    IFimar,  .Vl.iier    l!is|iop,   Henry  H.  ,  janiin  Stoner,  Daniel  Keller,  and  a  number  of  others. 

iilackson,     Isaac    (iathaway,    J.din-ton,    Jacoh  j  The.se  same    peisoiis  constituted   the   first   board    of 

Amlerson,  Harris,  .lames  I'avton,  Henderson  '  triisiees,  and  also  the  building  committee.  The  build- 
Davis,  .X.nris,   .\.  A.  i:ol,in-.m. (/ampliell,      ing,  a  neat  hriek,  wa-  linished  early  in  the  fall  of  1S49, 

J.  F.  Davis,  and  J.  F.  H.imilt.m,  who  is  the  present  '  and  was  dedicated  .at  that  time  by  Fev.  J.  Sanderson, 
minister.  !  who  was  ihe  preacher  in  charge  at  that  lime  an<l  for  two 

.succeediii-  years.  The  fir.st  class-leader  was  Morris 
(/lark.  The  laml  upon  which  the  chinch  was  built 
\vas  donat.d  by  Mrs.  ( 'uleman.  The  following  are  the 
other  pastors  who  had  charge  :  FeVs.Moseph  Co(,k,  two 

years;  H.  ]!.  .Maiieer,  ihrc  yeais; Edwards,  two 

'\ears;    .1.    X.    Ma-ee,   two   vears ;    Cumins,   two 

wars;  W.  F.  (Jiay,  two  yiars;  H.  H.  Fodine,  two 
veais;  N.  \V.  Fennnm.twu  \ears;  (ieorge  F.  Shealler, 
two  years,  Janus  ( iregg,  two  years;  .-!.  Horwell,  two 
vears;  \V.  W.  McMiehel,  tuo  ve.irs;  F.  Flman,  two 
vears;  F.  M.  Collins,  tuo  years';  T.  Montgomery,  two 
years;  li.  C.  ^\^M,d,  ihe  present  pastor.  During  the 
lirst  year  the  church  «as  built  there  were  thirty  mein- 
beis;  at  piesent  ihe  mendiership  numliers  forlv-four. 
The   chureh    prop.rly    is    valued    at    llfleen    hundred 

lioll.us. 

The  RomaE  Catholic  Church  at  Safe  Harbor 

was  organized  as  a  pan  of  St.  :\Firy's  Church  of  Lan- 
Shenkle,  nine  years;  .r.  F.  .Moore,  six  years.  The  caster  City,  about  I  he  year  1853.  The  following  year 
church  has  a  capacity  for  seating  two  hundred  and  '  (1854)  the  pnddlers  of  ihe  Safe  Harbor  Iron-Works 
fifty  persons.  The  chureh  was  remodeled  in  1881,  j  built  a  neat,  substantial  st,,ne  cliurch.  The  first  cler- 
under  the  supervision  of  J.  K.Yentzer.  The  present  !  gyman  was  Rev.  .lolin  Falf.  The  house  was  built 
value  of  the  church  property  is  two  tlunisand  live  ;  under  the  supcrvisicm  of  the'  Fight  Fev.  Father  Kee- 
hundred  dollars;  the  present  number  of  members,  nan.  The  other  ministers  were  Itevs.  (I'Frien,  J.  C. 
forty-five.      Connected   with   the  chnrch    there   is  a  [  Hickey,  and  McMonagau. 

Sunday-school  wiih  a'n  average  of  fifty  pupils.  ]       During  the   eonliuiiance  of  the  operation   of   the 

The  Evangelical  Association.— This  association,   '  iron-works  regular  stated  meetings  were  held,  that  is 


The  German  Reformed  Church,  Coiu- 

oga  Centre 

was  reoigani/ed  on  \Vliilsunday,  \sV2.      1 

lieoMgina 

organization   took  ]dace  a  number  <d'  ye 

this  time.     The  earliest  knowledge  attain 

ble  is  liou 

a  deed  dated  July  1,  1S20,  for  a  tract  ol   la 

ing  twenty  perches,  deeded  to  them  and  tl 

e  Futherai 

congregations  at  Conesh.ga  on  a  warrant 

d'  Aug.  ;;i 

17;»l,and  surveyed  on  Ihe  12lh  of  Oelobe 

,i7;ii.    .\ 

stndeiil    of    Fev.   C.  W.   Clessner,  was   tl 

Holl'man, 

Rev.   C.  W.   Clessner    was    the    regular    i 

liuister    fo 

seven  years.     In  FSU   ihev  built  a  brick 

rhnrch  o 

the  same  gnmnd  on  which  stood  the  Fntlu 

ran  Cbuivl 

(a  frame   buildin-   over  one   hundred    ve. 

Is     old,,      II 

which  thev  have  wo,  shi  ped  since.      Fev. 

:.   D.  Fein 

ccke,  the  next   minishr,  served   fiiur  yea 

■s;    Joil    I 

Feber,  three  years;  C.  W.  Holfmier,  two  > 

ears;   .1  .V 

Eckcrt,  twelve  years;  S.  D.  Steckel,  one 

•ear;   A.  1 

CONESTOGA   TOWNSHIP. 


743 


up  to  tlie  Slimmer  of  1SG.3,  after  that  only  at  long  ii 
tervals  until  the  fall  of  ISSO,  from  then  to  the  fall  . 
188-2  meetings  were  lield  every  four  ureks.  There  a: 
nti>resent  resi.lins;  at  Safe  Harhor  le■^s  than  a  .h./.c 


riienihcrs   ami 


.1   to 


Coiiestoga  Centre  Methodist  Episcopal  Church 

was  or-aui/eJ  in  Augu>t,,  ISoC.  Au  informal  meeliut; 
was  held  in  tlie  house  of  Dr.  Ii.  S.  Kendig  early  in 
August,  at  wliieh  time  the  matter  of  organiziiij^  a 
cluireh  licre  was  .spoken  of,  and  a  meeting  for  tlie 
lairpo.se  of  organizing  was  ealled  for  August  i;!th,  at 
which  the  following  board  <if  trustee.s  were  elected: 
Kev.  William  Major,  Christian  1!.  llerr,  James  Hones, 
John  Perkins,  .foseph  R.  Urhan,  Fre<lerick  M.  Brady, 
Daniel  Khineer,  and  John  Camid.ell  ;  k.-v.  William 
Major,  ]u-esident;  Joseph  R.  Urhan,  >.■.  irtai  y  ;  ami 
F.  M.  lirady,  treasurer.  At  the  same  time  the  lollow-  ■ 
ing  building  committee  was  appointed  :  P.ev .  William 
Major,  A.  M.  Warfel,  Frances  I',.  ( in.ll,  .fol.n  11.  Lmi- 
iiier,  and  Dr.   I!.  S.   Kendig.     Shortly  aft.r  tins   the 

was   laid.    Rev.    Mr.'  Major  eondueling   the  services.   ' 
Tlie  following  spring  (18.07)  tlie  churcli  was  dedicated  j 
to  the  service  of  God  by  Revs.  Curtis  F.  Turner  and  ! 
William  Major.     The  original  members  were  .To.seph  i 
R.   Urban,   Klizabcth    Urban,   Abraham    M.   Waifel. 
Elizabeth  Warfel,   Henry  i).  Slienk,  Matilda  Sheiik, 
Frances   B.   Grolf,  Jidni   11.   Lorimer,    !•.   M.   Brady, 
Esther   Mehalfev,   Daniel    Rliineer,   llnL-b    .Mehalfey, 
Esq.,  Dr.  B.  S.  Keiidi-,  Su.^aii    Kendig,  .Inhu  Jones,  1 
Susan  Jones,  (Christian  llup|ier,  .Mary  linpper,  Henry  ' 
Flinehbaugh,   C.  K.  Henry,  John    Henry,  and   Leah  j 
Brady.     Their  lir^t  meetings  were   held    in  llie  dwell-  ' 
ing-house  of  .loseph  R.  Urban. 

Fidlowing  is  a  list  of  the  pa-lorsof  thecbnreh  and 
the  length  of  time  e.uh  s.rve.l  :  Willi.im  .M.ijor,  tuo 
years,   assisted   by    T.   ,1.   Marlin,   three   monllis;    ( '. 

Walters,   one   year,   assisted    by   Fonnu-.i,   one 

year;  H.  B.  Mauger,  two  years,  assisted  by  -\.  hi-b.r, 
two  years;  William  H.  (Iregg,  two  years,  a-sis|ed  by 
George  1!.  Shaller,  two  year.-;  William  M.  Dalrymple, 
two  years;  .l.dm  Wat^'oa,  two  year-,;  .lohn  K, -sler, 
three  years;  David  Shield.-,  two  year-;  II.  1'..  Mauger, 

two  years;   F.  .M.  Collins,  •  ye.ii  ,  .1.  li.  ll.ire,  two 

years;  F.  M.  Brady,  two  year-;i.l.  W.  Ilarkins,  three 
years;  A.  J.  Amihor,  the  pre-eni  p.,-lor. 

There  are  at  present  f nty  meinber-.  The  ehureh 
property  is  valued  ;il  two  thousand  fiNe  hmidiiMl  did 
lars. 

schoid,  with  an  average  (d'  .-i.\ty  pupils,  under  the 
present  superiuteudency  of  B.  F.  Hookey. 

Burial-Grounds.  — In  giving  these  the  oldest  dates 

Nearly  all  of  tlieiii  were  set  apart  for  Ibis  purpose 
many  years  before,  but  we  have 'no  means  at  our 
cominand  of  nscertaiiiiii'g  the  length  of  time  they 
have  been  established. 


On  Valentine  Warfel's  farm,  near  Safe  Harbor, 
the  oldest  grave  marked  is  that  of  F.  Menart,  1774. 

On  George  J.  Febl's  farm,  near  Slackwater,  are 
stones  maVked  Andreas  Fehl,  died  in  1783;  Andreas 
Fehl,  Jr.,  diqd  17i)o;  the  late-t  burial,  Catharine 
Lenhardt,  Sept.  28,  IS.SO.  Tins  lot  contains  about 
lifty  burials. 

The  (Jerman  Reformed  (.\'inetery,  connected  with 
the  church  in  Conestoga  Centre,  contains  the  billow- 
ing marked  stones:  Andreas  Martin  and  Peter  Kline, 
1784;  Jacob  Metzgar,  July  8,  1790.  This  ground 
contains  about  si.K  liniidred  bodies. 

On  Christian  Fl  Jliller's  farm  burying-ground,  on 
road  from  Conestoga  Centre  to  Sheiik's  Ferry,  first 
marked  burial  was  made  iu  1797,  name  illegible. 
Contains  about  twenty. 

On  Jacob  Bausm.iu's  farm,  near  Colemanville.  tlie 
oldest  marked  grave  is  that  <d'  Barliara  Stehman,  Jan. 
17,  1793;  Henry  Steman,  April  Hi,  1793,  aged  forty- 
four  years;  Peter  Warlel,  .March  27,  1802;  Peter 
Warfel,  Jr.,  Feb.  (i,  1S03;  Ceorge  Warfel,  Sept.  14, 
1S04.  Latest  burial,  .\dam  Warlel,  October,  18l39. 
Contains  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  bodies. 

On  Samuel  Harnisb's  farm  graveyard  at  Shenk's 
Ferry.  Thij  ground  contains  no  stones  to  mark  the 
graves,  except    members  of  the  Shenk    family  wdio 

i)n  F.li/alielb  Keiidig's  firm,  on  the  road  from 
Conestoga  Centre  to  Slaekwaler,  the  oldest  marked 
grave  is'that  of  Henrv  llackm.in,  who  ,lied  in  177r., 
aged  fifty-one  years;  the  eemetery  contains  about 
seventy-five  graves. 

On  Jacob  .Stchmairs  f:irm,  oil  the  road  from  Cones- 
toga Centre  to  Slackwater.  This  burial-ground  was 
established  in  ISiMI  by  the  Stehman  family,  John 
Stehman  being  the  fir-t  person  liuried- there  in  that 
>ear;    i:ii/.abetli    Keller,  wlio  died   in  ISSO,  being  the 

The  Colemanville  .Methodist  FpiM-opal  Church 
bunal-L'iouud  wa-  e-taldi-bed  in  isp.i. 

'file  ( 'olond  ,,r  A  1 1  i.-aii  ,M,-ll.odi-t  ICpiscopal  ( 'liureli 
buryiii--.i;round  na-  e-l.di|i-lied  in  fsli;;  first  burial 
wa.'  .\anev   1  iirliard-on.  who   died   at    that    time.      In 


F.vaiejelieal  .\ -. 
-tal.li.-Ind  in  1  .M 
r,  but  at  the  liim 
1  :,ll  the  bodie-  «. 

Metliodisl  i;p,,r 
led  at  the  time  of 


luililiiig  of  their  new 
,rd  lo  Ibe^e  grounds. 

I'the  eliureh  in  185G, 
:ie  hmidr.-d   and  lilty 


On  Benjamin  (biod's  (now  Frank  Warfel's)  firm 
near  Colemanville;  this  ground  contains  about 
twenty  burials. 

On  the  .\brahani  Ihiekwalter  (deceiosed)  farm,  near 
Conestoga  Centre;   e<iiitalns  about  fifty  burials. 

The  C:itliidic  burying-ground  coniiecled  with  the 
church  at  Safe  Harbor  contains  about  fifty. 


744 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


On  John  Hess'  form,  on  tlie  road  from  Conestoga 
Centre  to  MarticviUe,  a  graveyard  was  established 
in  1S41,  and  contains  twenty  graves. 

On  Jaeob  Harnish's  farm,  on  tlie  road  from  Cones- 
toga  Centre  to  Lancaster,  a  graveyard  was.  establislied 
about  the  year  1700,  and  contains  about  tilty  graves. 

Conestoga  Lodge,  No.  334,  I.  0.  0.  F.,  was  insti- 
tuted at  ^al'e  Harbor  in  ISIS,  and  liad  a  successful 
existence  until  the  breaking  out  of  the  great  civil 
war,  when  the  greater  part  of  its  members  enlisted. 
After  the  close  of  the  war  its  prospects  brightened, 
and  it  is  at  this  period  in  a  flourishing  condition.  Its 
charter  was  granted  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Pennsyl- 
vania on  the  20th  day  of  October,  A.D.  1848.  The 
charter  members  were  BeiiJLiiniH  Middletnii,  .Tames 
H.  Ccdlins,  Alexander  II.  Carpmter,  Adna  .^.  lliliet, 
and  Jacob  Iv.  Habecker. 

The  position  of  Noble  Grand  has  been  filled  by 
Rev.  George  A.  Tripple.  Unas  Warfel,  William  W. 
Rones,  William  W.  Tripple,  Samuel  Crosseii,  L.  D. 
Douglass,  B.  F.  Hookey,  Rev.  Ephraim  Rotts,  Sam- 
uel Z.  Tripple,  S.  M.  Wright,  Joseph  B.  Wright,  J. 
J.  Watson,  Thomas  C.  Wright,  John  Clark,  Jacob  B. 
Urban,  and  others,  some  of  which  we  have  been  un- 
able to  leain. 

The  membership  at  ]ircsent  is  sixty.  The  meetings 
are  lieM  every  Satunlay  evening  in  the  Odd-Fellows' 
Hall  at  Safe  Harbor.  The  room  is  finely  furnished, 
at  a  cost  of  about  one  thousand  dollars.  'The  Imild- 
ing  is  now  the  property  of  the  Safe  Harbor  Ir-m 
Company. 

Rrrsent  ofiicers :  Tlioma.  C.  Wright,  X.(i.;  Daniel 
R.  Shvnk,  ^^(;.  ;  W.  W.  r.o„e>,  Sec.  ;  i:,ias  Wurlel, 
Treas. 

Kishacaquillas  Tribe,  I.  0.  R.  M.,  No.  65,  was 

instituteil  at  Conestoga  Centre  in  Xovciiiber,  ISOo, 
anil  bad  a  succes~ful  existence  until   the  year  1877, 

since  revived,  and  is  at  present  increasing  rapidly  in 
nuMubcrship. 

In  February,  1870,  the  building  in  which  the  lodge 
met  was  burned,  which  entailed  a  lo.ss  of  several  hun- 
dred dollars  up(m  the  lodge,  which  was  the  cause  of 
its  crippled  condition.  In  1X77  tloy  built  a  frame 
building,  twenty-six  by  thuly-MX  feet,  two  stories, 
at  a  cost  of  two  tliou-aml  mir  hundn  d  dollars,  and  at 
]. resent  their  nieetin.L'-room  i-,  tiistufully  furnished,  at 
an  ad.litional  cost  of  ei-ht  liuiidred  dollars. 

The  original  number  of  members  was  fifteen.  The 
charter  mendiers  were  Dr.  Reter  S.  Clinger,  Jacob 
Henry,  Benjamin  F.  Ilookev,  .lolin  J.  Watson,  Jacob 
B.  Urban,  Rev.  Kphraim  I'cltts,  John  Clark,  B.  Frank 
Watson,  Dr.  J.C.  Gatehell,  .John  T.  Henry,  and  John 
.M.  Kcndig. 

First  ollicers:  John  J.  Wulson,  Sachem;  John  R. 
AVitmer,  S.  Sag. ;  B.  Frank  Watson,  J.  Sag.;  Jacob 
B.  Urban,  K.  of  Wamp. ;  Ref .  E.  Potts,  C.  of  Kcc,  ; 
J.  M.  Keiidig,  Prophet. 

Charles  M.   Howell  Lodge,   No.  496,   F.   and 


A.  M.,  was  instituted  Aug.  17,  1871,  with  the  follow- 
ing charter  members:  Thomas  J.  Davis,  of  No.  43; 
William  J.  Fordney,  of  No.  43;  Charles  J.  Rhoads, 
ofNV43;  William  W.Bones.of  No.  43;  David  Davis, 
of  No.  1!)0  ;  George  A.  Taylor,  of  No.  43;  and  David 
F.  Youn'g,  W.  W.  Tripple, "Urias  Warfel,  and  John  J. 
Tripple,  of  No.  156.  The  first  officers  were  T.  J. 
Davis,  W.  M.  ;  William  J.  Fordney,  S.  W. ;  C.  J. 
Rhoads,  J.  W. ;  W.  W.  Bones,  Sec. ;  and  David  Davis, 
Treas.  The  lodge  had  in  July,  1883,  forty  members, 
but  the  aggregate  membership  has  been  about  fifty. 
Its  meetings  are  held  in  Odd-Fellows'  Hall  at  Safe 
Harbor,  which  has  accommodations  for  two  hundred 
persons,  on  the  Friday  evening  on  or  before  full 
moon.  The  present  ollicers  arc  W.  \f.  Bones,  W.  M. ; 
E.  T.  Kauiluiau,  S.  W. ;  Theodore  F.  Seiple,  J.  W. ; 
W.  W.Tri|.ple,Src.  ;  David  O.  Herr,  Treas. ;  Dr.  E.  B. 
Herr,  Chaplain. 

Myers'  Tannery  was  starteil  in  operation  in  Oc- 
tober, ISIJ,  owned  by  Samuel  Myers,  and  operated 
by  Socrates  Myers,  afterwards  operated  by  Samuel 
Myers  &  Son  (Rudolph)  to  1839,  then  by  Rudolph 
Myers  from  183!)  to  1870,  and  by  Abraham  Myers 
(Rudolph's  sonj  from  1,S70  to  the  present  time.     He 

from  live  hundred  to  six  hundred  calf-skins  per 
annum,     lie  uses  horse-power  for  grinding  the  bark. 

Pequea  Iron  Company  was  first  organized  under 
the  name  (d'  the  Pequea  Magnetic  Iron  Mining  Com- 
pany, on  the  :i3d  of  .fajunuy,  1881,  for  the  pur|)Ose  of 
etnieentrating  imignetic  iron  ore,  being  the  first  cor- 
poration attempting  to  concentrate  magjietic  ore  in 
the  United  States.  The  first  officers  were  John  J. 
Zeigler,  president;  William  Hart  Carr,  secretary; 
and  J(din  F.  Kelly,  treasurer.  Present  officers  are 
John  J.  Zeigler,  president ;  Samuel  Wilson,  secretary ; 
and  F.  F.  Bcrnadou,  treasurer,  all  of  Philadelphia. 
The  company  owns  large  and  extensive  magnetic 
mines  of  a  hjw  grade,  running  from  sixteen  to  fifty 
per  cent.,  which  is  concentrated  up  to  a  seventy  per 
cent.  gra<lc,  making  it  tit  lor  all  uses  of  a  high  grade 
magnetic  ore. 

The  maiii  building  is  thirty-five  feet  by  one  hun- 
dred and  fifty  feel.  \Nilh  an  L  thirty-five  feet  by  fifty 
feet,  containing  a  Fontaine  \  .\bbolt  engine  of  eighty 
horse  i>ower,  three   l^.sicr  crushers,  with   a  capacity 

four  hours,,  and  three  concenliating  tables.  There  is 
connected  with   the    mines  a  steam-pump  capable  of 

with  a  "capaVitv  of  l:;.-,,uiiO  gallons.  Mr.  Charles 
Douclassi.  the'supciinlrndcnl. 

There  are  at  pu-rnt  thiily-om'  members  in  good 
standing.  The  ollu.  i-  aiv"  William  W.  Anmeiil, 
Sachem;  Al.  Flick,  S.  Sag.  ;  William  .^ii.itli,  .1 .  ,Sag.  ; 
B.  F.  Hookey,  C.  of  Rec. ;  .lacob  Henry,  K.  of  W.; 
Philip  Fralich,  Prophet. 

The  Safe  Harbor  Iron-Works.— These  works  con- 


CONESTOGA   TOWNSHIP. 


745 


amounts  of 
principal  pr 
of  wliicli  w^ 
Company  \v 
tlie  present 


They  were  built  in  1846  by  David  Reeves,  Samuel 
J.  Reeves,  Dr.  Pancoast,  and  Charles  and  George 
Abbott,  all  of  Philadelphia.  The  building  of  these 
works  was  brought  about  by  the  discovery  of  vast 
on  ore  in  the  immediate  vicinity.  The 
luct  was  railroad  iron,  great  quantities 
e  used  by  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad 
Ml  tlie  railroad  came  into  possession  of 
ompany.  These  works  continued  run- 
ning steadily  from  the  completion  of  their  building 
until  1865,  when  the  dam  across  the  Susriuehanna 
River,  which  connected  the  Conestoga  Canal  with  the 
Tide- Water  Canal,  was  destroyed,  thus  cutting  olf  the 
means  of  transportation.  They  remained  inactive 
until  the  fall  of  1879.  The  works  finally  came  into 
possession  of  David  and  Samuel  J.  Reeves,  whose 
heirs  are  the  present  owners.  The  works  were  all 
built  under  the  su|)ervision  of  Mr.  John  Grillen,  the 
present  general  superintendent  of  the  Phnnix  Iron 
Gomininy,  and  it  was  here  that  .Mr.  (Irillin  fi^^t  made 
his  wroUL'lit-iroii  cannon,  many  of  which  were  used 
during  the  late  civil  war  by  the  Union  army. 

In  the  fall  (if  1879  the  mill  was  again  put  in  opera- 
tion fur  the  ]uirpose  of  manufacturing  puddle  iron 
for  the  use  of  I'h.eni.x  Iron  Company  at  Plueni.wille, 
and  also  for  working  the  Du  Puy  direct  process. 
During  the  winter  of  1879  and  1S80  the  company 
built  a  branch  railroad  one  mile  in  length  for  tlie 
])Urpose  of  connecting  their  works  with  the  Columbia 
and  Port  Deposit  Railroad,  which  runs  along  the 
Susquehanna  River.  Tlie  I. last-furnace  has  not  been 
in  operation  since  186'). 

The  Ibllowing  gentlemen  have  been  the  superin- 
tendents in  the  order  n;uned:  John  Grillen,  Wyatt 
W.  Miller,  Sahiuel  M.  Wright,  Isaac  Ifeeves,  and 
Theodore  K.  Patterson,  the  lalter  griitluuan  heing 
th.rc  at  prcsriii.  The  produil  ,,(  the  mill-  under 
liisiiianagei.ieiit  in  the  year  1882  w.is  ten  thousand 
net  tons  of  puddled  iron. 

The  Slackwater  Paper-Mills.— These  mills  are 
owned  and  operated  by  .lohn  A.  <liol,ur,  of  Lancas- 
ter. They  are  located  in  the  north  end  of  the  town- 
ship, on  the  Conestoga  River,  from  which  it  re- 
ceives its  su])ply  of  water.  The  mill  is  used  for  the 
manufacture  of  book  and  news  paper  from  rags,  under 
the  management  of  the  proprietor.  Up  to  the  spring 
of  1806  part  of  the  buildings  were  uscil  as  a  grist- 
mill, at  which  time  it  was  [lurchased  by  Kmanui'l 
Shober,  father  of  the  present  owner,  and  converteil 
into  a  pai>er-mill;  extensive  extensions  wore  made  to 
accommodate  the  business,  and  in  November  of  the 
same  year  the  mill  was  put  in  operation.  The  build- 
ings arc  in  the  form  of  a  hollow  square,  the  open 
face  I. -wards  ihe  public  road  leading  from  Slackwater 
to  .Millersville.  The  front  building  is  tiiree  stories 
high.  Upon  entering  the  building  we  come  into  the 
finishing-room,  where  the  pftper  is  made  ready  for 
shipment,  to  the  left  of  which  are  two  twenty  horse- 
power  steam-boilers,   used    for  generating  tlie  steam 


used  in  drying  the  paper  and  cooking  the  rags  and 
paper  stock,  heating  the  buildings,  etc.;  passing  from 
this  room  we  next  enter  the  jiaper-making  machine- 
roonn,  which  is  one  hundred  and  forty  feet  long  by 
thirty  feetwide,  wherein  isasi.xty-six-inch  Foui-drinier 
l)ai)er-in.achine,  having  a  capacity  of  five  tons  of  paper 
])er  day  of  twenty-four  hours,  and  is  driven  by  a 
twenty-tlirce-inch  Leil'ell  turbine  water-wheel;  turn- 
ing to  the  left,  we  next  enter  the  pulping-room,  which 
is  forty  by  eighty  feet,  in  which  are  four  beating-rag 
engines  and  one  Jordan  ]iulping-engine,  which  are 
u.sed  to  reduce  the  half-stuif  into  pulp  preparatory  to 
going  on  to  the  paper-machine;  then  turning  again 
to  the  left,  we  enter  the  rag-boiling  room,  in  which 
are  one  large  rotary  rag-boiler,  twenty  feet  long  and 
six  feet  in  diameter,  in  which  the  rags  are  boiled  in 
alkali  under  a  jiressure  of  sixty  pounds,  with  a  ca- 
pacity of  boiling  live  tons  in  twenty-four  hours,  and 
also  iron  vats  used  in  boiling,  sizing,  etc.  The  second 
floor  front  is  used  for  millwright  and  machine-shops, 
rag-assorting,  rag-cutting,  dusting,  etc.  The  third 
floor  frimt  is  used  for  storing  rags  and  all  kinds  of 
paper  stock.  Passing  from  the  |)ulping-room  to  the 
right,  we  enter  a  room  wherein  are  three  washing- 
engines,  used  in  washing  the  rags  and  reducing  them 
to  half-stu If  preparatory  to  using  them  on  the  jmlji- 
ing-engines,  to  the  right  of  which  is  another  rotary 
boiler,  twenty  feet  long  and  WvQ  feet  in  diameter,  used 
in  boiling  stock,  also  several  large  iron  tanks  used 
for  dissolving  chloride  of  lime  (bleaching  salts)  for 
the  purpose  of  bleaching  the  rags  and  other  stock 
used  in  the  nianufactureof  paper.  The  second  floor 
of  this  part  of  the  building  is  used  for  storing  and 
assorting.  From  this  part  of  the  building  we  next 
\  enter  a  room  iiarallel  to  the  face  of  the  main  building, 
I  one  hundred  and  twenty  feet  long  and  thirty  feet 
I  wide,  which  is  intendi'd  for  a  machine-room,  in  which 
anothersixty-sixinch  Fourdrinier  paper-machine  will 
'  be  jdaced  during^the  year.  'I'lie  whole  machinery  of 
!  the  mill  is  driven  bv  live  Leilell  turbine  water-wheels. 
There  are  forty  per,-ons  employed  by  Mr.  Shober. 
'  The  proilnct  during  last  year  (1882)  was  four  tons  of 
:  paper  per  day,  and  will  for  this  year  (1883)  be  six 
j  tons  per  day. "_  All  the  stock  used  at  this  mill  in  the 
manufacture  of  jiaper  is  gi^thered  in  Lancaster  and 
I  adjoining  counties. 

j  Cig-ar  Mantifactories.— The  leading  cigar  manu- 
'  facturer  of  Conestoga  township  is  J.  R.  Yentzer,  who 
resides  in  Conestoga  Centre.  The  business  was  first 
started  by  i\Ir.  Yentzer's  father  in  1830,  and  by  him 
carried  on  until  1862,  when  J.  R.  began  and  still  con- 
tinues. Mr.  Yentzer  employs  an  average  of  fifteen 
persons,  and  makes  upwards  of  one  million  cigars 
annnaHy,  which  he  sells  at  wludesale  and  retail.  lie 
ships  many  of  his  cigars  to  nearly  all  of  the  ^Vestel■n 
and  .Middle  Slales. 

.Maris  tlood   liegan    in   .May,   1SS2,  with   one   liaiul. 

maiuUactured  at  his  factory  during  the  year  over  two 


Y46 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


liundred  and  fifty  thousiind  cigars.  At  present  he  is 
inanufueturing  over  fifty  thousand  per  month,  and 
■  lias  in  liis  employ  at  present  (July,  1883)  twelve  per- 


Some  of  the  Prominent  Families  of  Conestog-a. 

— 'Ihe  .Miller  laniily  ..riginally  cauiu  lr.,in  /unch, 
8wit/erhuid.  The  earliest  one  of  the  family  of 
wliieh  ue  were  able  to  learn  was  Jacob  Miller,  lie 
received  a  patent  for  a  tract  of  land  in  Cunestoga 
township,  containing  one  hundred  arre^  and  the 
usual  allowance,  from  Thuiiias  and  Kicliaid  Penn, 
bearing  date  April  1,  174.s. 

Jacob   had   a  son    named   Abrabam,  to   wlioni   he 
willed   the    farm,   wb<,   devised    the   same   to   his   son 
John.     John,  having    no    vms,   devised    tb, 
his  nephew,  Amos  Miller.      At   present  the  larni   is 
owned  by  David  H.,  the  .■second  son  of  Aiuus. 

Amos  Miller  was  one  of  the  school  directurs  of  the 
township  from  1850  to  1804.  He  died  in  lStl4,  leav- 
ing the  following  children:  Henry  H.,  married  lu 
Barbara  Warfel,  residing  on  one  of  the  ro-tlelhwait 
farms  (the  one  uiion  which  the  ibildrrii  oi  .1,  I'l.-ile- 
thwhait  are  buried);  David  H.,  unmarried,  residing 
on  the  old  homestead;  Fanny,  married  to  John 
Becker,  of  Lancaster  township  ;  anil  John,  unmarried. 


in  17G1,  and  by  him  to  Rudy  Miller  in  1763,  and  by 
him  to  Andreas  Fehl  in  1764,  and  by  him  to  Jacob 
.AliUer  in  1772,  and  by  him  devised  unto  his  eight 
children',  and  in  (Jrphan^'  Court,  held  at  Lancaster,  it 
wa>  decreed  that  John  Miller  have  and  hold  tbe 
.same,  etc.,  in  US'l.  and  by  him  sold  to  Daniel  liren- 
neman  in  1784,  and  in  th.^  >aiije  year  sold  by  him  to 
Henry  Lighty,  and  by  him  t.i  Daniel  Sterneman  in 
1792.  He  has  held  the  Mili.-r,  of  inspector  and  judge 
of  election,  for  thr.  e  Micco.ive  years. 

In  additiiMi  to  thi-  lainily,  there  are  other  Warfels 

in  the  towii^hip,  prominent  among  wIkhu  are  Chris- 

le  j  tian  Warfel,  who  has  been  school  director  and  audi- 

m  I  tor  a  number  of  years;    George  W.,  also  a  school 

to  I  director;   Henry,  a  very  extensive  tobacco-raiser  and 

is  i  general   farmer;   (ieurge   1!.,  tanner;   aii.l   Valentine, 

•  a  retired  farmer.     Thr  Warfel   family  is  not  only  one 

lie  ■   of  the  oldest  in  the  towii-hi|i,  but  is  among  it.-  weal- 

iest  and  most  re>|>i-cted  inhabitant-.. 

Casper  lliller  wa,  lioni  in  Manor  township  in  1S17, 

,d    removed   to  ('oiu-.toga    |nwn>hip    in    1828,   since 

lich  time  he  ha-  re-id. -d  in  I  be  latter  township.      In 


chool   system  by  the  town-hip 
chool,  and  continued  until  isl'.i 


Andrew  Fehl  came  fr. 
1749,  ami  first  seltleil  in 
into  Conestoga  town-li 
jiroperty  that  .--till   rem 


Wi 


rg  in  September,  '  he  began  a  small    nur 


,e   began   teaching 
In  the  latter  year 


town.-h 


ill    the  Fehl    tamily.      He 
Aii.lrew.     .larul,    l.ecaine 


irnamental  trees  for  the  accommodation  of  tho-r 
.vanting  them  in  the  immediate  neighb(n-hood,  ami 
I  few  years  after  began  growing  Iruit  for  profit.     In 

he  Ihli  of  l.Si;;i  h,.  tuok  iiilu  parliier-hip  with  him  his 
-on,  I'.ter  (\,and  i- y,'l  ciiL'.igcd  in  the  same  bu-iness 
.11  a -mall  -cale   in   cMiiieclhin  with   a  Miiall  farm   n( 


tor  C 


ir  !,-■ 


d   C 


I'elr 


ption  ol  ,h, 
olHcers,  ha. 
e    I'eter    0. 


Jacob,  who  was   tl 
was  a  justice  of  tl 

over  thirty  years.  This  -ame  property  is  me 
session  of  George  J.  Fehl,  one  of  Jacob,  Ksi^ 
his  other  sons,  Samuel  L.  and  Albert,  residing  clo-^e  i  County 
by  the  old  homestead.  It  was  on  this  fiirm  that  the  '  cers  fo 
first  Court  of  General  (.quarter  Se— ion-  wa-  held  Crawfo 
while  owned  by  John  I'o-llruhail,  and  ha-  m,w  ben  r>  tirrd 
in  the  Fehl  liunily  over  one  hundred  and  twenly  .loliii,  : 
years.  in  ISiW, 

The  Warfel  family  came  originally  from  one  of  the      with  tb 
German   states.      Tliere  were  three   brothers;    two  ( 
tlieni  settled  in  Conestoga  township,  one  in  the  nortl 
ern  and  the  other  in  tiie  southern  part. 

I'eter  Warfel  lived  on  the  farm  belonging  at  ])re: 

ent  to  William  Kice,  hi-  .-on,  .\dam,  next  owniii-  lb 

same,      .\dain    bad    sevnal    children,    i.f  wliuin    .Inh 

beam,,  a  iiienihcr  of  the  I  .r,:;  i-latm  e  in   ISI2,pri,.r  t 

whirl,  time    he    held    several    piuminnit    p..-iti,nis   i 

his   nativ,.    township.      II.'    ilie.l    in    [su'.,    leaving 

wi.b.w  aiul  live  sons  and  three  daugbteis.     The  soi 

ami  one  .laughter  are  yet  living. 

Amo-    is  in  Conestoga  township.     He  was  one  i 

the  auditors  of  the  township  for  three  years,  and 

at  present   serving  his  second   term   of  three  years  j       Martin  Kendig  emigrate. 1  from   Berne, .'^wit/erl 

as  a  school  director.     Jacob,  residing  in  Jlillersville.  I  He   had   two  sons,  Martin   and   Jacob.     .Martin 

John  M.,  now  residing  'on  a  farm  originally  granted  }  three  sons  and  two  .l.iu,i;bter-.   .loliii,  one  n(  hi-  . 

by  Thomas  and   Uicbard    IViin    to  Michael   tinickel  '  married  Fanny  Winner,  ami  live.l  in  Conestoga  ti 


if  the  justices  of 

the  1 

cace    l..r  tl 

e  town-hip;   John 

I  house-carpenter 

n.iw 

employed 

,t  the  I'cpiea  Iron 

'ompany's    mine 
Omnia    ami    Chu 

Bo 

h    marric. 

Conestoga   Centre 
,    are    residing    i. 

Manic  t.nvii-hip. 

C.i-perHilloih 

ishei 

1  prcmiiiKM 

lly,-onnect..d  will 

he   ^^late  Ibntict 

Itura 

.\-,Haali. 

n  .if  reiin-ylvania 

Old   the   Lancast. 

r  Col 

nty    .\gric 

iltural   and   Horti 

cultural   Society 

or   111 

my  y.ars. 

.iml    has   pr.idnce. 

iml  rca.l  manv  v; 

luabl 

■  paper-  oi 

tVuit-L-rowing  an. 

arm    pr^.tuct^   h. 

f.oe 

lu-e    ..rga 

ii/,ati.ins.      He   lia- 
iii.-ii-    l.ir    the   la- 

■orty  years. 

CONESTOGA   TOWNSEIIP. 


ship,  keeping  hotel   in  Coiieatoga  Centre  as  early  as  '-'"pi  li^Mge  ii.  Hesa.  Wiiiiam  w 

1804,  oil  what  was  tlien  known  as  the  road  from  Lan-  c.-'Pt.  Wiiiium  u.  wesson  Jucob  I,.  Bmdy 


to  Ihirkliohler's  Ferry.     They  had  three  sons 


Kcnilig.  Jolin  A.  Uiol. 

Trnpuell.  Jlillliij  A.  Ciinpbcll. 


and  one  daughter,— John,  Jfartin,  Daniel,  and  Mar-  ii  i.k.nt.  Diivid  WarM.  MaiiiM  Duily. 


liankiu 


Williani  I!.  Lyo 
Noah  Wailc 
Hiram  Daily. 


tha.    John  married  Elizaheth  Kline,  and  Ironi  lier  had  i;,,,;"!!^;;,^"""              '"•  'l'""",  ,,',;" 

three  sons  and   three  daughters.     After  P^lizaheth's  j„|',',1  n"'c,^,„utoy  k'ma'nm. 

deatii  he  married  E,ther  ^aiigree,  from  whom  he  lia.l  Frank 'so,ui„-e,-.  '  .K'r.:,„iai,' 

one  son  and  two  daughters,— Benjamin  S.,  Sarah,  and  j         Jacob  siiani,.  y,ad,.,nah 

Catherine.     Deiijainin  .S.  heeame  a  praetieiiig  phy.-'i-  j         wVil'iim  li'liu'c  omi"  A  nun  ii.-i 

cian  in  1S44,  and  continued  praeticing  medicine  until  |         jaim->  ii,.yl«           "  Wiiiiaiu  ii 

1878.     In  18(i3  he  began  [Hirehasing  and  packing  to-  !         Milk.r  i)ra,jy.  liav,j  s.  i 

bacco,  jiackiiig  that  year  about  two  hundred   cases,  '        ''"rlVlv'.n!.':,  w'i'ii!r'i'i 

employing  a  capital  of  about  five  thousand  dollars,  ■        j,,,,,,  i,,,,  j^,i„,  ,  i,,, 

and  increasing  the  business  to  such  an  e.xtent  that  in  Aiii..b  iioak.  j„lin  May 

18G9  he  liad   to  build  a  warehouse   twenty-eight   by  ,         J-b..  ii,-i,i,i,.  iK-nry  May 

tliirty-four  feet,  an.l    in    1872    added    to  it   another.  '        il'ac  Mul'ser.  luT, 

twenty-eight  by  .-i\ty  feet,  and  lie  is  at  pie-ent  u-ing  John  McFarland.  litnja 
it  and   three  large   ones   in    Lancaster,  packing  this 
year   (18,83)   four  thousand   live  hiindied   ca>cs,  and 

employing  a  capita!  of  tw(j  hundred  ami  twentv-five  i         Franklin  SmiUi.  a, 

thousand  dollars,  employing  .luring  the  sca=(.u' from  '         ci...!!™  i).  Tnpi.lo.  F, 

sixty    t(i   seventy    liands.     The    doctor's    father   died  i''''i\"  \m'','m  it 

any  pecuniary  assistance.      .\ll   his  miccc^s  in  life  he  i;ri„  \vn«..n.       °  li,- 

owes   to   his  determination    in   early   Hie   to  Miccccd.  ''"'"'■■^  I'lua.ne.  j,. 

His  chihlren  are  D.  (i.  (associated  with  him  in  puck-  j'!c,','i,'si,,m!'f.' '  \\\ 

ing  tobacco,  the  name  of  the  firm  being   Kendig  & 
Son),  C.  Walter,  William,  Clara,  and  Esther. 

Dr.  P.  W.  Clinger  came  from  U|)per  (^.Klord  town- 
shij),  Olie,ter  Co.,  in  the  year  184:).  He  graduated 
from  Washington  Universiiy,  at  Baltimore,  Md.,  in 
the  spring  of  1843,  and  came  here  and  began  the 
liractice  of  medicine  in  March  of  the  same  year.  He 
was  ijrominent  in  politics  of  the  township  and  county, 
being  a  delegate  from  Conestoga  many  years  until  the 
adojition  of  the  Crawfonl  County  >y-tcm,  ,-inci-  which 

he  seldom  takes  any  active  part,     lb-  was  examining  The   following  is  a  list  of  men  who  went  into 

surgeon  for  the  Xiiilh  Congres.sional  l)i-,tricl  fir  nine  i  field  on  the  invasion  of  Peiinsyl 

years,  serving  a  partof  the  time  under  Lincoln-,  and  i-,|,,  ,:,hm  i;  Ktn.iig.  AUi.-n  ilnil. 

the  remainder  of  the  time  under  Crant'-  adniinislra-  ut  i.i.  nt,  (  a-i"  r  iiiHm.  Jao.i.  ibmy. 

owns  one  of  the  llncst   residences   in  L'lmc^toga  Cen-  ^         jnimJ  WaiT,,',!^  '  Val.'i'.tin'jKu.i53l.-y, 

tre.  Ja._,.l.  li.  ViriliL-l-.  SaMiu>-l  S.  51,ball..y. 

Dr.  Ja<;ob  L.  Jlowery  was  born  in  Strasburg  tow 
ship  in  June,  185o.     At  the  age  of  twenty-one  yea 

he  began   the  study  of  medicine   in    the  ollice  of  Dr.  A,„,,/iah  w .  KiU.  iki.j.nnin  MarUit-y. 

I.  II.  Mayer,  of  Willow  Street,  and  giadnatcd  at   the  """'y  Hull-  Mn...  E,  kn.an. 

Jelferson  Jledical  College  in  lMiila.lcl|,l,ia,  In  March,  Fr''lt'r./u'''u,''''  juhrKubu'r"""' 

1878,  and  began  the  jiractice  in  .\piil,  al  which   time  iv,''j'.,,ni,VF"i'i'.'u,k,y.  jlV.'.'i.  k'I'iI! 

became  into  this  township.      In   .M:iv,  l-ssl ,  I,,,   mar-  n-io-. ii.ii/rn.ia  Mi.i.ai.i  iia,i.vun. 

ried  .^Ir.  John  Steiglemau's  dau.^lilc',  (,r  Manor  town-  i'  -Uiom  11,,.,,,.,  John  .M  sbp.k. 

ship.     The  doctor  then  pnrchasrrl    ihc   property  iiscd  |.a'ui','i"i;' kinla!"  l>.!! '.lTii'll',-r.'' 

as  a  hotel  for  seventy-nine  or   eighty  years  in  f;oncs-  juLn'tnon.  '  '  Aan,,,  <;.  Warf.l. 

tog.i  C.ntn^,  and  moved  into  it  in  .Inne,  IsSl,  remod-  s,,n,-,.|  Call,  sr.  cb,  Ki.an  Yont.or. 

eling    It    and    making    tlicrcliom    a    handsome    icsi-  I)';,",''.',"!,'!""''' ■'''  j"I"' j"  /  rcber 
deuce. 

Military.— The  foUowing-hamed  pers.uis  ser\  cd  as 

eouHict:                          "                                     "  I 


1 

M.  Sonrb, 

!• 

■Kiik  K.  Jo 

cs. 

c; 

eor;;e  11.  D 

volor. 

J 

11 
J 

bn  I',  fbn,. 
■njan.h,  Ki 
.br.iiia  I'ol 
cob  liiU». 
nos  Cbanil 

el. 

uiaslc) 

0 

lsta^ns  A. 

vcnJig 

c 

iriat.  11.  Li 

ll-S. 

11 

„jannn  K. 

.Mayn. 

.J 

n 

c    folios 

ing 

s 

d 

on  thei 

ivasi 

m 

HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


CHAPTER   XLV 


I  WlKit   is    known    in    early    liistory   as  "  Old    Peter's 
thus  named   t'ruin   Peter  liizaillon,  who 


CONUY    TOAV: 


CoxOY  is  in  the  northwestern  corner  of  Lancaster 
C(Hinly.  It  is  hounded  on  the  north  hy  Dauphin 
County,  on  the  east  by  West  Donegal  townsliip,  and 
on  the  south  and  southwest  by  the  tuwiinhip  of 
East  Donegal  and  the  Susquehanna  lliver.  It  is 
crossed  in  the  southern  part  by  Conoy  Creek,  on  which 
are  several  mills,  and  in  the  northern  part  by  a  small 
stream  called  Bruhaker's  Run,  on  which  are  a  grist- 
mill and  a  saw-mill.  Anotlier  smaller  stream,  called 
)Stony  Run,  crosses  the  township  still  farther  north, 
and  Conewago  Creek  forms  its  northern  boundary 
and  separates  it  from  Dauphin  County.  The  surface 
is  undulating,  and  the  soil  is  exceedingly  fertile,  pro- 
ducing the  great  sla|jle.-)  of  this  region,  wheat  and 
tobacco,  in  abundance. 

Tills  township  enjoys  excellent  facilities  for  travel 
and  transportation.  The  Pennsylvania  Railroad  and 
Canal  pass  tlirough  it  along  the  Susquehanna  River, 
and  several  ])rincipal  highways  cross  it  fruui  east  to 
West.  The  river  road,  which  was  an  early  thorough- 
fare, traverses  tlie  township  in  :i  northerly  and  south- 
erly direction  along  the  river. 

The  name  of  the  township  was  derived  from  that 
of  a  tribe  of  Indians  that  formerly  inhabited  the  region, 
though  it  is  believed  that  this  name  is  somewhat  cor- 


lioa 

had  a  trading-post  at  Conoy  Indian  Town,  and  which 
I  ran  froih  ''Moor's  i\lill,"  at  Downingtown,  Chester 
!  County,  to  Conoy  Town.  This  letter  was  a  private  o'ne, 
j  and  not  intended  for  old  Peter's  eyes: 

"I'inlAD",  4tli,  0  Dlo.,  1719. 
"  Isaac  Tavijik: 


ill   fXu.Milinguf  wliicli 

Aiiliu  Lo  Torl'i  expect 

"  Peler  ii-ill  talk  hijh, 

.in  51.  C.mil.s'  cunveni. 


fiuiii  Pete 
liHUsaml  11 
1  I  iloutjt 


!i/.iillon  liiniself  llie  war 
s..f  li.iid  to  Ilia  wile  Hiid  li 
.vill  be  dillicult  to  recoiic 
[  reijuest  thee  to  use  tl.y  ( 


ke  tlielii  lit  tlieir  wo 


regarded,  tlio'  on  tbo 
mill  sliould  tuive  some 
:  to  her  gniiidcltildreii. 

iiis  id  left  tottiee,  and 


'  tliiit  if  tliey 
Mie,  doo  tliou 


,sep; 


We> 


iland. 


of 


i-hi 


of  the  peace  elected  in  i 
zation  have  been  : 

Magistrates.— The  justices  of  the  i)eace  in  Conoy 
have  been:  Thomas  Eagan,  1843;  Jacob  Foreman, 
1S44;  M.  \V.  May,  1847  ;  Jacob  Foreman,  18411;  John 
Filbert,  1852;  Joseph  Engle,  Jacob  Foreman,  1S.J4  ; 
Christian  S.  Erb,  Jacob  Foreman,  18.j'.);  C.  S.  Erb, 
Jacob  T.  liare,  1SG4  ;  Jacob  T.  Bare,  ISC'.i ;  C.  S.  Erli, 
Frank  .McXeill,  1874;  Frank  JlcXeill,  187'J. 

Members  of  Assembly.— Bertram  liall.raiih  was 
the  fir.st  citizen  within  the  present  limits  of  Conoy 
township  who  was  elected  to  the  Asseinblv. 

Frederick  Hippie  wa.s  a  county  cirnniissiimer  in 
1842,  and  was  at  one  time  a  member  uf  .\ssriiilily. 

Jacob  Foreman,  a  native  of  Marviantl,  was  a  lurr- 


Iii  pursuance  of  tlie-e  instructions  ]\Ir.  Tayl 
ceeded  to  the  Susriuehaniia  River  in  the  fall  . 
and  commenced  his  surveys  at  or  near  the  m 
Conoy  Creek,  and  located  three  hundrei-l  acres  for 
James  Logan,  which  he  afterwards  let  Jonas  Daven- 
port have,  who  mver  tonk  out  a  patent  for  the  laud, 
and  was  compelled  to  part  with  it  again.  Immedi- 
ately below  Logan's  tract  he  laid  out  four  liundred 
and  fifty  acres  for  Moses  Coinb,  who  was  a  brother  of 
.Martha  P.i/aiilnn,  and  who  .s„ld  or  conveyed  the  .same 
]   to  hi.  lirulli.M-,  . I. ,1,11  t'uinh. 

for  JIartha  Bizaillon,  and  adjoining- this  last-meu- 
j  tioned  tract  on  the  e.ast,  nine  hundred  acres  was  sur- 
veyed for  James  Le  Tort,  who,  after  occupying  it  for 
a  few  years,  sold  it  ,t.o  James  Logan,  w  ho  took  out  a 
patent  for  it  for  the  first  time. 

This  last-mentioned  tract  extended  a  short  distance 
below  (iroves'-^hock  linn.  When  tlK-e  several  tracts 
of   land  were  sold  and  by  whom   purchased,  is  fully 


lie   thi 


tage  on   tlie   river 
if  the  land.     Lc  Ti 


shown  elsewhere  of  the  Indian  traders, 


chant  in  Bainbridge.     lie  was  elected   to  the  .Vsseni- 

necessary  t 

1  give  a  mi 

re  e-xtended  sketch.     The  land           V 

bly  in  1840-42. 

upon  whicl 

lian  Town  stood  was  upon  the 

Pioneer    Settlers.— The    first    white    settlers    and 

McConih  p 

irchase. 

land-owners  were  Indian  traders. 

Peter  "  1 

ie/ellon"    d 

ied  July  IS,  1742,  aged  eighty 

The  following  letter  of  James  Logan  to  Isaac  Tay- 

years. 

; 

lor,  the  surveyor  of  Chester  County,  gives  the  dale 

John  Co 

uhediedSe 

pi.  1  2,  173G,  aged  seventy-eight            ^ 

when   the   first  surveys  were  made  in  the  townshi].. 

years. 

1 

.Ml  of  those  named   lived   in   the  neighborhood   for  a 

Closes  C, 

mhe,  the  b 

■oilier  of  J.din,  died  about  the 

niiniber   of   years    prior    to    the  Mate    of  this    Ictlrr. 

same  lime. 

.Marlha, 

the  wile  of 

Peter  Hi/.aillun,  died  about  the 

1  lij  Suiimel  Evuns,  Km,. 

year  17411. 

She  was 

he  sister  of  the  Combes.      All 

CONOY   TOWNSHIP 


749 


are  buried  at  St.  Joim's  Kprscdpal  Cluirch  burying- 
grouiid  at  tlie  "  Com  pass,"  a  lew  yunls  ca^t  ul'  Salis- 
bury township. 

Bertram  Galbraitli  was  the  son  of  James  Galbraitli, 
Jr.,  and  Elizabeth  Bertram  (tlie  only  daughter  of  the 
Kev.  William  Bertram,  the"  Presbyterian  minister, 
who  located  at  Swatara,  and  preached  at  Paxton  and 
Derry  Churches  in  172'.lj.  He  was  born  in  Donegal 
in  1738.  He  received  the  best  education  the  schools 
of  that  period  alforiled.  In  connection  with  his  other 
studies  he  was  taught  surveying,  and  became  an  ac- 
complished land  surveyor,  which  is  fully  attested  by 
the  large  number  of  bis  surveys  now  on  tile  in  the 
Land  Department  at  Harrisburg.  While  yet  in  his 
minority  he  raised  a  company  of  "  Kangers"  during 
the  French  and  Indian  war  of  1755-58  and  marched 
to  Fort  Hunter,  located  along  the  left  bank  of  the 
Susijuehanna  River,  several  miles  above  Harrisburg. 
He  displayed  a  great  deal  of  jiiilitary  talent,  which, 
in  connection  with  his  patriotic  spirit,  wa-,  of  incal- 
culable service  to  his  country,  whii-h  he  M'rveil  laith- 
fully  during  the  trying  period  of  the  Jicvohaii.n.  lie- 
fore  this  conflict  came,  and  during  the  npo-e  which 
pervaded  the  province  between  the  Imliaa  wais  and 
that  period,  he  was  one  of  the  foremo,!,  and  rendered 
the  moat  valuable  aid  in  lichall'  of  the  impioveiaenl 
of  the  navigation  of  the  iSusi|Uelianna  Uiver. 

When  the  tocsin  of  warwas  sounded  at  Boston  Har- 
bor he  raised  a  battalion  of  troops  in  the  lown>hip  of 
Donegal  ajid  vicinity.  He  was  ajipoinled  (he  lir>t 
lieuuiiaiit  of  thf  cuunty,  whose  business  it  ^va■^  to 
organize,  eijuip,  ami  place  troops  in  the  tiehl.  He  wa-- 
required  to  meet  every  requisition  made  upon  him 
by  the  Sui)reme  Executive  Council  or  other  proper 
authority.  In  cases  of  emergency  he  was  eompclli-.l, 
upon  short  lioti.'e.  to  srlrW  a  (|U.,ta  ..t  loilitia  Irom 
the  vaiioii,  ,-i;i-,M-  and  put  tlo-).i  in  tin-  lield.  He 
had  sul.-lientrnauts  in  vaiiou,  .erliun,  of  th,-  countv. 


military  tax,  aiid    in    many 

n-lanees   used   | 

force  to  prevent  the  enli>lnie 

tan.l  calling  oi 

militia.     Col.  Galbraitli  was 

11  the  sailillc  ni. 

day  often  in  performance  of 

lis  imerou.  dntic 

In  the  .spring  and  summer 

of  1777  the  rep 

cause  was  in  great  i)cril.     Se 

eral  drafl-,  of  m 

the  several   classes  were  cal 

ed    out    and   ad 

excise  tax  levied.     Bertram  t 

.alliraith  writes 

ident  Wharton    from    l.)..neg: 

1,  May  l',l,  1777 

lows  : 

■■11>  [l,i»r,u  lo  h.n.rm  )uu  tluil  I  1 

ave  lillln.Tt..  liut  nil  1 

J.»vuui,Kt"t-mlH.Jyllio  miliiiauf  il,i 

cuiiiity,  siiiccj  iiiy  SIM 

liuc    liiiil  It    liii  iiiduuiis  tauk— I  Ijuve 

^■ot  Six   U.italliuiia  i.ii 

l.ii„„-l,  llR-Uii-i-i,  yuta,  funii  aioliill 

.■licirlof  llib  Miiiiii 

ii.fiit,  ill  i.ur  Cuiii.lv,  wlii-i  li.in.lici-  « 

li    tlix  C'olislaliirs  111 

tlieni  uf  milking  llieir  lU-lurna,  by  w 

ich  I'lii  l-emldvil  iin 

.mjtirmK  Willi  Uieiii;  1  liiiva  heai.l  it  i 

^iwrluil  tliat  llicy  iiici 

Again  he  writes  to  Mr.  Wharton,  June  2,  1777, 
slating  that  he  called  a  meeting  of  the  sub-lieutenants 
apjjointed  to  his  assistance,  and  that  he  divided  the 
county  into  nine  districts,  and  that  on  the  5th  day 
of  April  last  be  issued  warrants  to  the  constables  of 
the  dill'ercnt  townships  for  returning  to  him  the 
names  of  all  the  male  white  persons  between  the 
ages  of  eighteen  and  fifty-three  years. 

After  the  time  allowed  for  making  their  returns,  he 
waited  at  Lancaster  for  the  receipt  of  them,  and  re- 
ceived retuins  from  Lancaster  borough  and  twenty- 
four  townshijis  out  of  thirty-three;  eight  townships 
remained  unreturned,  and  seemed  to  give  violent 
opposition  to  the  measures,  lie  sent  a  guard  for  two 
of  the  constables,  wdiom  they  arrested.  They  had  to 
give  bonds  for  their  appearance  at  court  to  answer. 
Six  hundred  of  these  militia  were  ordered  to  march 
to  Chester.  A  number  of  persons  opposed  to  bearing 
arms  assembled  in  difl'erent  sections  of  the  county  to 
oi)pose  the  march  of  these  militia  to  Chester.  He 
offered  ten  pounds  per  month  for  substitutes,  but 
ciiuld  nut  procure  them.     In  eight  towii-,hips  violent 


.yley  writes  from  Donegal,  June  27,  1777, 
It  armed  resistance  was  made  by  Samuel 
lid    twelve  or  fourteen  others  to  the  col- 


on tlie  2^tli  of  June,  1777,  Col.  Galbraith  writes 
again  Imni  Lancaster,  stating  that  he  alone,  with  a 
leu  individual.^,  became  the  "butts"  of  the  whole 
I  iiiiiity,  and  that  he  bad  been  threatened,  but  paid  no 
attention  to  llieiii.  He  also  says  that  unless  some- 
thing spirited  is  done,  "  I  know  not  wliether  I  may  be 
.--afe,  as  they  have  begun  with  so  iiwich  violence."  On 
the  5th  day  of  August,  1777,  in  answer  to  a  pressing 
demand  from  President  Wharton  for  troops,  he  stated 
that  he  sent  expr_i.'^ses  lo  the  several  colonels  of  bat- 
talion- 111  get  their  coaipaiiies  together  and  march  as 
quick  as  ]io-sible  to  t'he-ter.  On  the  same  day  be 
would  h.ave  a  guard  in  readiness  to  re,:eive  the  pris- 
oners of  war  and  Tories  at  Anderson  Ferry  on  their 
arrival.     They  ueie  being  seat  to  Frederick,  Md. 

(  >n  the  1  Ith  lit  Au,ua-1,  1777,  he  writes  to  the  Pres- 


the 


M' 


thousand.  The  militia  of  Lancas- 
ter boioagh  were  detained  to  guard  the  prisoners. 
The  gunsmiths  wanted  nine  pounds  for  "  mu.squetts 
and  bayonets,"  a  shocking  jiriee.  lie  also  says  he  had 
to  ride  eighteen  miles  that  day  to  hold  an  election. 

On  the  19th  day  of  August,  1777,  he  wntes  that  be 
ordered  double  guards  for  prisoners  in  Lancaster. 

On  the  2d  of  September,  1777,  he  write.^  that  the 
Hessian  prisoners  were  sent  to  Lebanon,  and  that  it 
took  three  comiianies  to  guard  them. 

These  letters  give  but  a  partial  account  of  the  trying 
times  of  1777.     t.Viuneilnian  Bayley  writes  from  Don- 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


egiil   in   1777   that  Col.   Oalliniitli   and   Cul.   Lu^vrL■y  I  .soutli  Iroiu   Lancaster   boiou:jli,  and   lies  upon  both 
were  in  the  .saddle  nii^ht  and  day,  and  were  worn  out 

In  July,  V7S,  he  called  out  luur  hundred  militia 
Many  of  the.se  militia  were  sent  to  the  I'rontiers  ti 
protect  the  settlers  from  the  Iiulians, 

On  the  2Sth  day  ui  February,  17:iS,  his  coumu.  Join 
Galbraith,  took  out  a  warrant  of  .survey  for  four  bun 
dred  and  forty  acres  of  land,  which  lie  located  at  tb 
mouth  of  Conoy  Creek,  the  hulk  of  which  laid  upoi 
the  west  side.     On  the  2i)th  day  of  December,  1757 


lesof  Mi 
On  the  ;i 


17o0,    Melehoii 
conveved  to  tb 


In    171'J     lliet 


sitnate.l  on  the  uTstern 
an  tract.  On  March  30, 
nd  bis  wife  Elizabeth 
ne  hundred  acres  of  the 
died  iti  17o:i. 
,cd    for    J.din    Combe, 


Jidin  Galbraith  and  his  wife,  Dorcas,  sold  three  htin-  [  brother  of  JMartha  Bizaillon,  four  hundred  and  fifty 


dred  and  eijrhty-three  acres  of  this  tract  to  his 
James,  the  father  of  Bertram.  This  ])art  of  tl 
lay  on  the  west  side  of  Conoy  Creek. 

"On  the  8tli  day  of  ftlarch,  17(iO,  James  and  Eliza- 
beth Galbraith  sold  this  land  to  I'atrick  W'nrk.  It 
was  afterward  sold  by  the  sherill  and  purchased  by 
Samuel  Scott,  who  kept  tavern  at  Bi-  Chilcis  Creek, 
on  the  old  Paxton  and  Conestoga  road,  fur  nineteen 
hundred  and  fifty  i)ounds.  Samuel  Scott  died  in 
1776,  and  left  his  lariie  estate  to  his  nephews  and 
nieces,  among  whom  were  the  children  of  bis  brother, 
Josiah  Scott,  whose  daughter  Bertram  (ialbraith  mar- 
ried, and  through  whom  lie  came  into  possession  of 
this  valuable  farm  at  Conoy  Creek. 

On  the  4tli  day  of  August,  1735,  James  Logan  took 
out  a,  jiateiit  for  four  hundred  acres  <jf  land  adjoining 
John  Galbraitb's  tract  on  the  we-t 
day  Logan  scdd  Ibis  tract  to  Cliri 
Jacob  llertzlcr,  and  on  the  4th  day  o 
the  heirs  of  James  Logan  and  ,lac 
two  hundred  acres  of  the  f<Mir  bui 
to  Jlichael  fJralf,  of  Martic  townshi| 


,  adjoining  tlie  hitler's   tract  of  seven  hundred 
t  I  acres  on  the  west.     Both  of  these  tracts  lay  along  the 

river  below  Conoy  Creek. 
-  !       On  the  i3th  day  of  April,  1738.  John  Combe  con- 
t  '  veyed  bis  tract  of  land  to  his  sister  Martha,  who,  on 
I-   ;  the  1  itb  and  l.'itb  days  of  .March,  1739,  conveyed  the 

same  to  Christian   Brenennin,  wdio  resided  upon  the 

Bizaillon  trad,  purchased  by  bis  father  in  1712S. 
On   the  lid  day  (d'  August,  174t;,   Mclcboir  Brene- 

nian  (Xo.  1)  conveyed  ti.  bis  .son,  the  aforesaid  Chris- 

ebas'ed  of  Martha  Bizaillon. 

On  the  7th  day  of  May,  1751,  Christian  Brenenian 
and  his  wile  Susannah  conveyed  to  their  soji   Mel- 
choir  one  hundred  ami  eighty-seven  acres,  which  was 
made  up  and  taken   from  the  Combes  and  Bizaillon 
he  same  |  tracts;  and  on  the  same  day  and  year  he  conveyed 
rotf  and  I  one  hundred  ami  eighty-seven  acres  to  his  son-in-hiw, 
er,  175,S.  '  John  Stonenuui  I.Stebmani.     Prior  to  this  time  Mr. 
zlcr  sold  I  Brenenian  and  hi-  wife  conveyed  lour  hundred  acres 
re    tract  I  of  the  Bizaillon  tract  to  .\bi-ani  llcss. 

,       Melchoir  Brenenian   (lid)   was  a  Mennonite  min- 


On  the  25th  day  of  March,  17(;0,  Michael  (naif  and  |  ister.     He  died  in  the  year  ISOl),  aged  eighty-three 


his  wife  Elizabeth  sold  this  tract  to  James  ( J.ilbraitb, 
Jr.,  who  on  June  4,  1773,  c.niveyed  the  same  to  their 
.son,  Bertram  (ialbraith.  Logan  bad  e-tabiisbcd  a 
ferry  wdiere  Bainbridge  now  is.  Beitram  (ialbraith 
erected  a  hirge  stone  terry-bouse  and  maiisinn,  w  bicb 
was  destroyed  by  fire  some  years  ago.  Its  bleak  and 
ponderous  walls  stood  for  many  years  after  the  lire 
did  its  work,  a  reminder  of  the  .nice  magniliceiit  and 
costly  structure.  The  walls  were  torn  down  within 
a  year  or  two,  and  the  mateiial  was  uscd  in  the  con- 
struction of  other  liouses. 

Melchoir  Brenenian,  the  picmeer  settler  of  that 
name  in  the  cimnty,  was  a  Jlennonite  [iieac  her,  and 
was  horn  in  the  Upper  Palatmale.  With  other 
friends  of  this  denomination  be  lle.l  Irom  the  re- 
ligious i)ersecution  then  prevalent  in  Europe,  and 
caine  to  Lancaster  Ciuinty  with  the  Bruhakers,  IIos- 
tetters,  Greiders,  Hersheys,  Stonemans,  Leamans, 
Swarrs,  Tuberts,  Kaullina'ns,  and  other  Swiss  Men- 
nonite refugees,  eaily  in  the  tall  of  1717.  On  .•^ep- 
tend)er  7tb,  in   tliat  year,  he  took   out  a  wairant   lor 

more  tracts  adjoining  this  on  the  east,  one  of  whieb 
contained  ninety  acres  and  the  .itber  about  one  buu- 
dred  and  twentv-fivc  acres.     This  land  is  located  dot 


years,  and  was  jM-ohably  buried  upon  his  own  land. 
There  is  nothing  to  mark  the  spot  where  his  remains 
were  interred. 

Jacob  Haldeman,  the  ancestor  of  that  branch  of  the 
family  in  this  vicinity,  w.is  boin  in  (icnuan  Switzer- 
land, Oct.  7,  1721'.  came  to  .Viiieiica  with  two  brothers, 
and  settled  in  Kaplio  lowii-lup  between  the  years 
1740  and  17.->0,  He  died  in  the  summer  of  17.S3. 
.lohn,  his  .son,  was  one  of  the  boldest  and  most  suc- 
cessful business  men  in  the  Slate,  lie  surmounted 
every  difficulty  and  impediment  which  stood  in  his 
way  and  threatened  to  wreck  his  financial  ventures. 
He  giadiially  inena-eil  the  ninnber  of  his  acres  and 
extended  bis  Im-ine--,  In  17'J0  he  erected  a  largo 
grist-mill  at  the  month  ot  Conoy  Creek.  He  also 
carried  on  distilling  extensively.  He  sent  his  flour 
and  produce  down  the  river  in  keel-boats  as  far  as 
"Wright's  Ferry,"  thence  to  Philadelphia.  He  in- 
vested bis  surplus  means  in  the  purchase  of  lands  in 
various  stclions  of  the  Slate,  lie  pmchased  several 
hundred  thou-.ind  aeiesof  hind  in  North  Carolina. 
He  was  elected  to  the  Legislature  in  1800. 

He  gave  his  eldest  s.ni,  .lohn  B.,  the  mill  and 
homestead  at  Conoy  Creek,  which  w.es  subsciuently 
conveyed  to  his  fmrtli  son,  Henry. 


CONOY   TOWNSHIP. 


751 


After  a  successful  business  career  he  retired  to  a 
life  of  ease  and  leisure  in  Cohunbia.  Ho  took  his 
youngest  son,  Peter,  with  him,  and  established  him 
in  the  mercantile  bu-iiness  in  1S12,  wliioh  is  now 
carried  on  successfully  by  George  W.  and  1!.  F.  Ilal- 
deman,  sons  of  Peter.  Some  idea  of  John  Ilalde- 
man's  extensive  business  ventures  may  be  gleaned 
from  the  fact  that  between  1S12  and  1815  his  deijosits 
in  the  office  of  discount  and  deposit  in  Columbia 
amounted  to  two  hundred  and  lifty  thousand  dcjlhu?. 

Jacob  Oldweiler,  the  head  of  the  family  that  settled 
in  Conoy  township,  came  to  America  about  171)5,  with 
other  members  of  the  family.  He  was  a  Lutheran, 
and  one  of  the  fir.-;t  members  of  the  Lutheran  Church 
in  Maytown.  In  1772  he  was  elected  one  of  tlie/o/-e- 
staers  for  two  years.  On  the  20th  day  of  April,  1770, 
his  daughter  Catharine  was  baptized  by  the  Lutheran 
minister  in  Maytown,  and  on  Jan.  28,  1773,  his  son 
Philip  was  baptized  by  the  same  minister.  His  other 
children  were  jirobably  baptized  at  St.  Peter's  Lu- 
tlieran  Church  at  Middletown,  where  i\Ir.  Oldweiler 
also  attended.  He  located  several  hundred  acres  of 
land  near  the  east  side  of  Conewago  Creek,  about  a 
mile  above  its  mouth. 

Conrad  Wolf  punha-ed  titty-four  acres  of  John 
Galbraith's  lan.l  at  C.nov  ('r.-ek  in   17oi;.     He  died 


in  the  lollowiug  year,  and  left  four  children. 

Allen  McLean  resided  near  Conoy  Creek,  and  came 
to  the  township  several  years  |)rior  to  the  Pevolutioii. 

In  1777  there  re>iiKd  in  what  is  now  Conoy  town- 

a  [jrominent  Preobyu-rian  family. 

Francis  JIair.s  located  west  of  Conoy  Creek  [irior  to 
the  Revolution.     He  had  seven  children. 

John  Wil-on  settled  in  Conoy  town, hip  jiriorto  the 
Revolution.     'I'lier.'  was  one  other  finiilv  of  Wilsons 


to  J, 


HnW-rl    Tliu 

np>. 

prior  to   the    I; 

'V..1 

children. 

Randal   Mc( 

luie 

dren. 

John   Galbrait 

1. 

stable  of  Done 

n'Jll    t 

of  May,  1743. 

,e    1 

acres  of  land  fr 

>ni  ( 

which  wa;  bun 

ide, 

upon  the  soutl 

by 

Peters  road  ra 

1    tl 

creek  at  Erb's 

nill 

lerrv  at  Bainb 

id-L 

this  r.M.l.ahd 

south  of 
irst  con- 
e  1st  day 


and  eighteen  acres  of  land  in  1719.  He  was  among 
the  earliest  traders  who  crossed  the  ?nouiitains  to  trade 
with  the  Indians  along  the  Ohio.  He  was  a  very 
proivineiit  an.l  inlUuntial  citizen  at  one  time,  but  met 
with  great  h.^-,  ,  m  iIil-  Indian  wars. 

Jamcs-Sniith  settl.M  ..n  Conuy  Creek,  near  Ilidge- 
ville.  He  died  in  173'.!  and  left  one  son,  William. 
He  was  an  Lidian  trader. 

Capt.  Samuel  Smith  settled  at  the  spring  near  the 
dwelling  of  Simon  Eiigle  in  1718.  He  was  an  Indian 
tiaiUr.  lie  wa.i  intLr[ireter  at  several  treaties  made 
wiih  the  Indians.  He  was  elected  sheriff  in  1735, 1736, 
1737.  It  was  during  this  period  that  the  quarrels  and 
disorders  arising  from  the  intrusion  of  the  Maryland- 
ers  on  the  soil  of  Pennsylvania  were  at  their  lieight. 
He  and  his  posse  arrested  Cresap  and  burned  his 
house.  He  several  times  confronted  the  Maryland 
militia  when  marching  to  Wright's  Ferry  and  com- 
Iielled  them  to  return  to  their  fort.  He  was  greatly 
hampered  for  want,  of  ammunition,  arms,  and  sup- 
plies. He  had  no  trouble  in  getting  his  Scotch-Irish 
friends  in  Donegal  to  go  with  him  in  any  case  of 
emergency.  They  asked  no  pay,  but  it  required  a 
good  deal  to  subsist  them  alter  being  in  the  field  a 
few  days.  He  was  a  member  of  Assembly  fir  the 
years  1737  and  1738. 

In  1742  he  sold  his  farm  and  tavern  to  Patrick 
Campbell  and  removed  to  Cumberland  Valley.  The 
then  contem[ilated  removal  of  the  Conoy  Indians 
doubtles.,  had  sonielhing  Ui  do  with  his  removal  from 
Cfmoy. 

James  Cook  resided  on  the  east  side  of  Cmioy 
Creek,  adjoining  the  lands  of  .John  (iaibraith,  where 
he  settled  in  1720.     He  died  in  1741. 

John  Catherwood  was  the  fust  saddler  in  the  town- 
ship. He  worked  around  amon_g  the  farmers,  but 
made  his  home  at  Patrick  Campbell's  tavern,  where  he 
died  in  1742.  He  gave  his  elfects  to  John  and  Wil- 
liam, sons  (jf  .loiias  DaveniJort,  the  Indian  trader. 
At  that  time  tlie  Indian  traders  kept  saddlers  in 
their  eiuplny  constantly,  ami  took  them  with  them 
when  trading  with  the  Indians. 

Andrew  IJogL^s  settled  on  the  river  between  liain- 
bridge  and  Falm<mth  in  1730.     He  died  in  17U5. 

Col.  Alexander  Lowrey  Wius  an  intimate  friend  of 
John  lioggs,  son  <if  Andrew.  They  traded  among 
the  Indians  ulnng  the  t)liio  and  Jlississippi  Rivers, 
and  otteii  traM-Kd  many  week.s  and  months  to- 
gether  in   the  Indian  cnuntry,  and    subsisted    alone 


James  Lnwrev, 

son  cd' Lazarus,  came  to  Donegal  in 

17-',l  wall  hi.  lath 

rand  en-aged  in  the  Indian  tradr. 

whrre.he  attaine. 

hi.  nK,i..i-ity.      (Ill  the   13th  day  of 

June,  1743,  he  pi 

rchased  two  hundred  and  ten  acres 

of  land   from  Jai 

les  Logan,  who  bought  it  I'rom  Mr. 

Shippen  in  1738. 

It  joined  the  John  Galbraith  tract 

it  Conoy  Creek  ( 

n   the  west  side,  and  oi\  the  east  hv 

David    Met 'lure's 

tract,  an.l  on  the  rear  by  tlie  land 

752 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


the 


itZL-rlaiKl, 
embiiiked 


of  Samuel  Smkli.  Tliis  farm  must  have  embraced 
part  of  the  farm  now  owned  by  John  and  Henry 
■\Viley,  and  part  of  the  land  of  Jolin  Haldeman. 
The  Conoy  Indian  town  was  located  upon  this  land. 

Jaiiu-s  Lowrey's  name  disap])ears  from  the  assc.ss- 
nient-n.lU  |.rior  to  1770.  He  and  his  brutlier  Daniel 
moved  to  the  .Juniata,  ajid  proliably  settled  in  wliat  is 
lilair  County.  (Under  head  of  Indian  traders  furthir 
mention  is  made  of  James  Lowrev.) 

David  McClure  settled  on  the  river  upon  land  M..W 
or  latelv  owned  by  John  A.  Hrenenuui  and  I'.enja- 
min  ILilfman.  He  married  Marg.uet,  dau-liter  (,f 
llandal  Chambers,  the  first  elder  of  Doneijal  Church. 
He  took  up  four  hundred  and  fourteen  acres  July  31, 
1738.  There  was  a  small  island  oi)posite  this  tract. 
He  died  in  1749. 

Ulrich  Engle  was  a  ilennonite,  and  Ui  : 
religious  jjersecution  then  prevalent  in  K 
emigrated  from  the  canton  of  Basel,  8wi 
and  thence  went  to  Rotterdam,  where  h 
upon  the  slii|)  "  PluBnix,"  commanded  by  Capt.  John 
Spurrier,  with  his  eight  children.  The  vessel  first 
sailed  to  Cowes,  a  seaport  town  on  the  Isle  of  Wight, 
thence  to  America,  where  tliey  arrived  on  the  1st 
day  of  October,  1754.  He  located  upon  the  James 
Le  Tort-Logan  tract,  about  two  mile.s  west  from  Ma- 
rietta, near  a  station  on  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad 
called  Wild  Cat.  Their  children  were  Jnlin,  born 
Oct.  16,  1745,  married  Elizabeth  Shock,  who  bel.mg.d 
to  a  family  who  settled  in  Conestoga  Manor,  and  who 
].urchased  tlie  land  and  grist-mill  of  Mi.  ilr;ili;  near 
where  old  Ulrieh  settled. 

His  descendant,  John,  in  1770,  ]iurchiise,l  from 
John  WiUoii  one  hundred  and  tony  acres  of  hmd  on 
the  we.-l  side  of  Conoy  Creek,  whicli  was  patented  in 
the  name  of  Alexander  Hutchinson  in  17:',',».  .lohn 
al^o  purchased  from  the  heirs  of  Patrick  ('.ini()ljell, 
in  1773  or  1774,  his  farm,  containing  about  two  hun- 
is  iiow  owned  by  Christian 
A'   John,    and    Simon    Kngle, 


le   gra 


dred   acres. 
Engle, 
Christian's  son. 

On  the  L'7th  day  of  December,  178(1,  John  and 
Elizabeth  Engle,  his  wife,  sold  to  his  brother  the  fir.st 
above-mentioned  tract  of  land,  whicli  is  now  owned 
by  John  and  his  brother,  the  Rev.  Jacob  Engle. 

Thomas  Wilkin.s,  Indian  trader,  and  son  of  Kubert 
Wilkins,  both  of  whom  settled  at  Marietta  in  17l;i, 
moved  to  James  Logan's  land  ab(jve  Conoy  (Jieek. 
He  died  in  174G. 

Peter  Wilkins,  brother  of  Thomas,  also  an  Indian 
trader,  died  in  1748. 

Daniel  Elliot  resided  in  Donegal  prior  to  1770.  It 
is  supposed  that  then  and  prior  to  that  time  he  was 
engaged  by  Col.  Alexander  Lowrey  to  trade  for  him 

Indian  trade  on  his  own  account,  ami  on  the  25th 
day  of  June,  1772,  he  purchased  two  hundred  and 
ten  acres  of  land  at  t\te  mouth  of  Conewago  Creek, 
at  the  west  side,  and  also  two-thirds  of  a  large  island 


in  the  river  opposite  to  the  mouth  of  the  creek,  which 

contained  about  three  hundred   acres,  from  Joseph 

Galloway,   the  Tory   Speaker  of  the   Pennsylvania 

Legislature,   who   married   the  daughter  of  Thomas 

I  Cookson,    to   whom   this    land   belonged.      He   estab- 

[  lished   his  frading-po.t   upon    the   island,    where    he 

erected  buildings. 

Public  Schools  in  Conoy.— The  common  school 

sy>teni  was  a.vL-pt^d  lore  before  the  township  ot 
tjonoy  was  erected.  There  are  in  the  township  the 
following   sub-districts:     ]'\ilnioutli,    Brubaker   Run, 

I  Bainbridge,  and  Ridgeville,  the  location  of  which 
their   names   indicate;    Ebersole,  north    from    Bain- 

I  bridge,  and  Kobs,  on  the  Elizabethtown  and  Fal- 
mouth   pike,    north    fV<jm     Falmouth.      The    school- 

j  houses  in  all  these  sub-districts  are  of  brick,  and  most 

!  of  them  are  com])aralively  new.     The  school  at  Bain- 

j  bridge  is  a  graded  school  with  three  teachers,  and 
the    house    has    four   school-rooms.     The    school    at 

j  Ridgeville  is  also  a  graded  school  with  two' teachers, 
and  the  house  has  two  rooms.  The  cost  of  the  build- 
ing was  five  thousand  five  hundred  dollars.      It  is 

j  c.dled  the  Wiekersliam  School  in  honor  of  Col.  J.  P. 

}  Wickersham,  formerly  State  superintendent.  In  some 
of  these  districts  schools  are  kept  three  months  each 
year  in  addition  to  tiie  regular  term.     The  schools  in 

'  the  township  are  well  sustained,  and  the  teachers  are 
refinired  by  the  directors  lo  att,  n.l  a  district  teachers' 
institute  two  .lays  in  rarh  month  during  the  term. 

Fisheries. —Tlie  li-herie-  in  the  Sust|Uehanna  con- 
stituted at  an  early  period  an  important  industry. 
Prior  to  the  erect  i  ' 
r.m  up  the  river  ii 
station  for  taking  t 
because  the  busin 
an  island  in  the  r 
liusiness  of  fishing,  hence  the 
was  in  some  t;ases  regarded  as  almost  a  fortune. 
Along  the  line  of  Conoy  township  were  seven  prin- 
cipal fishing  stations,  four  of  w  Inch  were  islands.  At 
the  station  immediately  opposite  to  Bainbridge  it  is 
remembered  that  five  tbou-and  three  hundred  shad 
.  were  once  taken  at  a  single  haul. 

During  the  fishing  sea-on   people  from  the  interior 


he 

lam  at  O.lnm 

jia  shad 

ibu 

1. lance,  and  a  f 

ivorable 

h  w 

as  a  great   desi 

leratnm, 

s  ve 

ry  profitable. 

Csnally 

3  a 

favorable   p.iin 

t  for  the 

the 

.,wnersliip  of  : 

n  isla.Kl 

Ferries.  — Louan's  I'erry  was  the  first  and  most 
important  in  this  township.  It  was  located  at  Bain- 
bridge, and  established  as  early  as  173U.  At  that 
j  time  there  was  much  travel  over  the  old  Peter's  road, 
1  which  terminated  at  Conoy  Indian  town,  and  from 
that  point  was  extended  to  Logan's  Ferry.  It  is  more 
generally  known  as  (iaibraith's  Ferry. 

After  the  construction  of  the   Pennsylvania  Canal 
in  1832  it  fell  into  disuse. 
i       Rankin's  Ferry  was  established  a  few  years  prior 
'  to  the  Revolution  by  James  Rankin,  who  resided  in 
I  York  County. 


CONOY   TOWNSHIP. 


r53 


The  Raiikins  were  Tories.  James  Rankin  was  a 
Quaker,  and  wua  appointed  a  ju>tice  of  the  peace  for 
York  County  |)rior  to  the  Revolution.  He  was  one  of 
the  most  prominent  men  in  the  county.  At  the  etjm- 
meneement  of  tlie  war  he  seemed  to  Ije  a  zeahnis 
friend  of  tlie  colonies,  and  was  intrusted  willi  im- 
portant duties  upon  committees,  lie  was  all  this 
time  a  base  ini^rate,  and  secretly  plotted  to  injure  the 
cause,  l^eing  suspected  of  secret  machinations  against 
the  patriots,  he  suddenly  w'ent  over  to  the  British 
when  Howe  had  possession  of  Philadelphia,  and 
thence  to  England,  lielbre  going  lie  manumitted  his 
slave  Ralph,  and  antedated  the  record  of  his  manu- 
mission. Several  farms  were  confiscated,  and  RLdph 
liad  to  go  also  and  wa.s  sold. 

Washington  was  very  an.xious  to  have  Rankin  cap- 
tured, but  lie  got  into  the  British  lines  and  escaped. 

In  1790,  James  Rankin  and  Dr.  Robert  Harris 
owned  the  ferry  and  the  land  at  the  eastern  end.  It 
became  the  subject  of  litigation,  which  very  likely 
grew  out  of  the  confiscation  of  Rankin's  estate. 

The  ferry  riglit,  tlie  olii   ferry  tavern,  and   the  laii.l 

This  ferry  has  gone  into  disuse.     It  is  located  at  the 
foot  of  Oonewago  Falls. 

Daniel  Elliott  established  a  ferry  from  the  mouth 
of  Conewago  Creek  to  bis  island,  thence  to  Shelly'.^, 
Island,  and  from  thence  to  the  York  County  shore. 
Both   of   these    islan<ls    are   very   large,  and  "an    im- 


.fsl 


ilt  bv 


Locust  Grove  Distillery.— This  was  1 
llal.leman  pn.u-  to  1800.  At  first  distilling  was  done 
in  the  lower  p:irt  of  the  mill,  which  be  erected  in 
179(1.  It  is  not  now  known  what  was  the  eapai'ity  ,,t 
this  distillery  at  first,  but  it  has  been  from  time  to 
time  increased  by  the  ad<lition  of  improvcnicnl>  in 
machinery  and  im|)roved  methods  till  it  ha^  now  a 
daily  cajiacity  of  seventy-five  bu~hi'l~.  li  i-,  only 
conducte<l  during  the  fall  and  winter  -ea-oiis.  Kk- 
tensive  jiens  are  connected  with  the  di-,lillcry  for 
fattening  suine  on  Ihc  slops  and  refuse  grain.  This 
and  the  mill^  of  the  Wiley  Brothers,  the  present 
owners,  stand  near  ihe  canal  and  railroad,  and  thus 
excellent  fiicilities  are  allbrdeil  lor  bringing  material 
and  taking  away  manufactured  products. 

Caldwell  &  Haldeman's    Limekilns.— In    lsi5 

John  llal.leman  commenced  the  liurning  oi'  lime  at 
a  place  about  a  mile  below  the  mouth  of  Conoy  Creek, 
and  a  few  feet  from  the  canal.  Two  kilns  were  built 
at  first,  and  some  thirty  thousand  bushels  of  lime  were 
annually  manufactured.  Tlie  limestone  was  quarried 
just  in  the  rear  of  the  kilns.  The  demand  for  this 
lime  gradually  increased,  and  the  facilities  for  pro- 
ducing it  were  augmenteil,  till  now  there  are  seven 
kilns,  and  the  annual  production  reaches  one  hundred 
and  fifty  thousand  luishels.  -In  1881,  S.  R.  Cald- 
well and  Walter  llahlcman,  a  son  of  the  original  pro- 
prietor, purchased  the  jiroperty,  and  they  have  since 


conducted  the  business  under  the  firm-name  of  Cald- 
well &  Ilaldcmaii.  The  lime  l.urne.l  here  finds  its 
l)riiKipal  marki-t  in  Marylaiul.  Large  quantities  of 
unbwrned  limestone  are  shipped  from  this  quarry. 

Hoover's    Limekilns.— Half  a    mile    tVonr   Bain- 
bridge,   ^u   the   JIaylown    road,   are   two   draw-kilns, 
;  operated  by  Christian  Hoover.    They  were  e:,tabli.l.ed 
!  in  1840  by  Benjamin  and  Samuel  Beatty.     There  are 
I  other   kilns    in    the    viiinity    that    are    occasionally 
oiierated. 
Wiley's    Saw-Mill.--In    ISotJ,    John    H.   Smith 

Grove,  near  the  mouth  of  Conoy  Creek.     In  18.'39  it 
became  the  property  of  John  Wiley,  and  after  his 
death  it  passed  to  his  sons,  Henry  H.  and  John  E. 
AViley,  the  present  owners  and  operators.     The  tim- 
'  ber  converted   into   lumber   at  this  mill   is  brought 
,  bitlier  ill  rafts  on  the  Sus.juebaniia  River,  floated  up 
j  Conoy  Creek,  and  drawn  into  the  mill  by  machinery. 
The  mill  has  inacliiiiery  lor  j)laning  lumber  and  man- 
ufacturing lath.     It  is  driven  by  an  engine  of  twenty 

aea|iacily  of  live  thousand  feet  of  lumber  per  day. 
A  water-mill  siood  on  the  site  of  this  long  prior  to  its 
erection. 

Mechley's  Saw-Mill.— About  twenty-five  years 
since  a  saw-mill  wa-  Imilt  on  Brubaker's  Run,  about 
a  mile  Irom  the  .■^u-.|ml,anna,  by  the  pre^cnt  owner, 
Benjamin  .Me.hUy.  .Mo-i  of  the  timber  manulac- 
tured  into  himlier  at  this  mill  has  been  brought  in 
rafts  to  the  moiiih  of  the  run,  and  hauled  thence  by 

!  teams,  to  the  mill.  I'hc -.trcam  furnishes  water  to  run 
this  mill  onlv  a  p<.nion  of  ca.di  year. 

:  Heisey's  MiU.-ln  1719,  Martha,  wife  of  Peter 
Bizailloii,  an  In.lian  trader,  took  up  the  tract  of 
l.uid  where  tbi-  mill  stands,  near  .Kidgeville,  a  mile 
Inim  the  moiitli  ol  ( 'oiioy  Creek.  In  17:_;9  it  was  con- 
veyed t.,  Clin>lian  Ibei.emaii,  and  in  I7."il  it  be- 
came the  inopcity  id'  hi.  son,  Melcboir  Breiieinan, 
who  erected  ou  Tt  a  mill,  which  tradition  says  wa^ 
built  of  logs,  and  lephiced  by  another  of  the  same 
kind  some  years  later.    In  1797,  Jacob  Ibenemaii,  the 

I  son  of  .Meichoir,  and  Catherine,  his  wile,  built  the 
stone  mill  that  m.w  >taii.l,  on  the  site  of  the  ol.l  log 
iiiilis.  Thi>  h:l^  Miice  had  only  ordinary  repairs,  and 
\\A^  lour  run-,  of  ..loiic.     Michael  Breneman,  a  son  of 

erly,  which  u  .i-  puivli;,..,d  in  l.Slo  by  Christian  Sieli- 

iiian,  who  in   1M7   -old   it   to  .John   Erh,     By  him  it 

I  was  sold  to  his  cousin,  Isaac  Erb,  in  1844,  and  since 

I  tben  it  has  been  owned  successively  by  Rev.  Jacob 

I  Reider,   Peter   Holler,  John  L.    Brubaker,   John  S. 

Groff,  S.  W.  Martin,  and  Eli  G.  Heisey,  tlie  present 

owner.  -During  all  this  time  it  has  had  only  ordinary 

I  repairs.     It  is  both  a  merchant  and  a  custom-mill.    It 

a  pulverized  f  >rm  for  manure. 

Wiley's  Mill  at  Locust  Grove.— In  179(i,  John 

d  .Maria  Hal.leman  built  the  ,tone  mill  which  now 


•754 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


stands  at  Locust  Grovu,  on  Conoy  Creek, 
Sus.iuehunna  River,  a  mile  below'liainl.ri. 
tract  of  land  on  wliich  tliis  mill  was  l.iiilt  v 
lip  by  John  (ialbraith  in  IT.JS,  ].Lirclia-i'. 
llaldenian  in  17S(i.  It  is  wortliy  of  mitc  lli: 
Taylor'b  sri'i'dliitlier.  wlio  ^va^  a  inaM.n,  u 
tliis  mill  u-licn  it  was  ercrtcd.  It  wa>  lain 
ISOII,  butwa.  ac.nce  ,vl,uill,  larger  ihana 
Mr.  Ilaldcuian.  it  bad  Imir  ruii^  oC  stoir 
lias  bad  only  ordinary  repairs  .inee  it  wa.-^  r, 
is  a  large  building,  and  lia^  l.icilitie-.  Imstoi 
quantities  of  grain.  It  ba>  always  In  en  bo 
chant-  and  custom-mill. 

Henry  Haldeman,  a  son  of  John,  sueei 
latter  in  the  owner.-.hi]iof  tlie  mill,  and  l;is  < 
S.  Haldeman,  inherited  it  Irom  him.  In  1^ 
purchased  by  John  H.  J^inilh.  who  si. Id  ii 
■\Viley,  the  father  of  Henry  II.  and  .b.lm  1 
the  present  owners. 

John  Wiley,  who  wa>  the  son  of  Willia 
an  emigrant  from  Ireland,  fn>t  wnrk.  d  f. 
Haldem'an,  in  this  mill,  which  he  allerv 
ehase.l. 

Collins'   Mill.-Tliis    mill   is  on   Urubaki 

bridge  and  Falmouth,  on  the  riser  road, 
built  in  bs4il  by  Sulomon  Haldeman.  It 
building,  and  it  lia^  three  run-  ,if  ston 
Kul,n>  purchased  the  mill  in  l.S4;i.  He 
Samuel  Ebversole,  and  he  to  ihe  ]>re^ent  ou  i 
liain  Collins.  The  mill  ha-  had  nnly  (jidina 
since  its  erection. 

Pioneer  Mill.— This  mill,  which  is  sii 
Conoy  tJreek,  a  mile  and  a  half  from  the  Sum 
was  built  by  Jacob  M.  Engle  and  Elizabetli 
in  bSo.-i.  It  is  a  briek  building,  «uh  thre 
burr-stones.  In  LSdii  il  wa--.ol.l  totln^pre-, 
John  (ioss.  Attached  to  thi>,  and  driven 
from  thoamedam,  i-  a-aw-mill. 

Locust  Grove.  — Thi^  hamlel,  which  was 
becan-e  of   a    profn-e    growth   ol    loen-t-ln 

theie  at  an  early  d.iy.  It  ha-  ahMUt  hal 
dwellings  in  addition  to  the  mills  and  di.-li 

Ridgeville.— In  1S44  three  houses  stuu.l 
village  now  is,  in  the  southern  pari  of  I '■ 
ship,  about  one  and  a  half  mile- fr.mi  liainli 
that  year  (leorge  Slacks  erecled  two  h,ai-e- 
shnp^  and  a  blacksmilh-sln.p  here,  and  tin 
(piired  the  name  of  Stack-toun,  which  i 
within  a  few  vear-.  It  is  now  called  \iuh, 
ha-  fniirteen  duellings,  a  store,  a  hiai  k- 
aiid  a  shoe-shop. 

Falmouth.-riiilip  Schneider  to(,k  up 
dred  and  eighly--e\  .n  .uTe-  cil  land  at  tin 
Coiiewago  t.'reek,  cm  the  east  si.le,  ailjoinu 
James  Rankin  and  Dr.  George  jiarri-,  at  t 
the  Revolutionary  war. 


r  the  veyed  it  to  his  son, 

The  Greer  and  Richard  K 

akeii  !  chased  one-fourth  oi' 

Mr.  i       In  1791  tliev  laid  ,.i 

ivard  :   waL'o  rreek,  which  c. 


s,  ana  soiis-in-iaw,  Jonn 
allies  Hopkins,  Esq.,  imr- 
.1. 

II  at  the  mouth  of  Cone- 
I  one  hundred  and  forty- 


ab. 


Fall 


iken  to  Eastern 


ng  large      be  here   transferred  to  wagoii.- 
Ii  a  iiier-   j   markets. 

In  March,  1810,  an  act  of  Assembly  was  passed 
ded  the  [  chartering  a  turnpike  company  (see  Internal  Im- 
11,  Cyrus  I  provements).  John  Greer  was  the  principal  con- 
1.3  it  was  I  tractor.  The  success  of  the  canal  around  the  falls  on 
to  John  i  the  western  side  of  the  river  took  all  the  river  trade 
.  \\'ilc-v,  '  away  from  Falmouth.  The  ttiriipike  was  constructed, 
!  and  a  large  number  of  dwellings  built  along  its  route. 
1  NVih'y,  j  The  company  abandoned  the  turnpike,  and  it  was  but 
•   lleiiiy  '  little  used,  gra-s  grew  u|)on  its  bed,  and  occasionally 


•en  Haiii-  Although  this   turnpike  was   abandnned,  it  was  not 

It    was  I  wholly    u.seless.      The    eounlry    thi.mgli    which    thi- 

s  a  stone  j  road  passed  became  thickly  settled,  and  the  old  road- 

•-.      I-ac  I  bed   has  been  louiid  to  be  a  great   convenience  to  tlie 

er,  Abra-  j       A   hotel  was  built    near  the   nuiiith  of  Conewago 
ry  repairs      Creek,  on  the  ea-lein  -ide.  and   another  one  was  also 

built  on  the  hill, 
uated   on   |       Bainbridge. — As  early  as  1813  the  only  buildings 
uehaiina,  I  w  here  liainbridge  now  is  were  a  fanii-iiouse,  that  had 
,  his  wife,  !  been  owned  and  occupied  by  a  Sir.  Shatfer,  a  stone 
e  runs  nf     tavern,  owned   by   H.  Galbraith,  and  another  tavern, 
ntouiier,  |  afterwards   owned    by    Henry    Rreneinan.      In     that 
by  water  ,  year  Henry  and  John  B.  Ilahleinan,  who  had  becme 
'  the  owners  of  the  Shaller   farm,   laid    out    thereon    a 
town,  which  they  iramed,  in  honor  of  the  commodore 
by   that   name,    llainbridge.     The   lots   in   tlii,   town 
«ere   built  I   were   ,li-p.,-ed   uf  by   luii'ny,   which    was  not   at   that 
f   a  dozen   |  time  an  unu-nal  w.av  ol'  -elliiig  town  h.ls.      The  town 
llery.  thus  laid  out  was  on  the  m.rlli  side  of  the  main  street 

where  this  |  leading  eastward  Irom  the  ri\er  at  the  railroad  station. 
Soon  afterwards  .lolm  Smith  and  .Fidiii  Seiplc  pur- 
chased from  Jacob  Hnllinaii  land  on  thesouth  sideof 

al-o  di-posed  (d'  l'\'  loilery,  and  this  part  of  the  pres- 
ent   iiaiiibridge  wa-   named   (,'entrevi lie.     The  whole 
He.      It      was  sub-equeiitly  known  by  its  present   name.     The 

e  bun-  I  great  exp.ectations  wre  had  .d  an  important  place 
<ailh  of  '  lifie.  As  in  other  .-imilar  ra-es,  however,  the-e  e.x- 
aiidsof  j  pectations  were  not  realized,  and  the  |iurchasers  of 
_-lo.e  of  1  lots  lost  heavily  in  the  cdlap-e  which  followed. 

j       The  growth  of  the  town  was  very  slow  during  the 
10  con-  •  first  few  years  succeeding   l.'^Ki.     The  first  .-.bire  was 


COxNOY    TOWNSHIP 


r55 


opened  by  John  IJartzU-r.     It  wa-,  kept  uIiltc  Julin  , 
Rich  now  resides,  and,  as  is  believed,  in  tlie  same  1 
house.     Among  other  early  merchants  the  names  are  ; 
remembered  of  John    Klein,  Hippie  Sc  Curran,  ^fay 
.t  Hamilton,  John  ICaulli.ian,  Ilal.i.iiiaii  .V  Majuay, 
and  Jacob  Backstres^el■. 

The  earliest  tavern-keeper  that  i;  reineiiiliured  \va^ 
Andrew  Bademan,  who  kept  in  the  >l,.nu  houM^  that 
was  owned  by  B.  Galbraith.  The  lii>t  bhuksmilli 
was  Abraham  Braclit,  so.m  hdh.ucd  by  Henry  Knster. 
The  pioneer  shoemaker  wa>  Julm  Breining,  and  the 
earliest  remembered  tailor  was  Jacob  Vofflesong. 
The  first  harness-maker  wa.s  George  Kinney;  the  first 
jihysician  was  Dr.  David  Watson;  the  first  druggist 
was  Samuel  Haekenberger.  The  earliest  remembered 
school  was  ke[)t  by  a  Jlr.  Ba.xter  in  his  own  house. 

The  growth  of  the  town  was  slow  till  1840,  between 
which  and  18G0  it  was  more  rapid.  Since  the  war  of 
the  Rebellion  there  has  been  but  little  increase.  The 
present  pojiulation  is  estimated  to  nuiidjcr  eight  hun- 
dred. 'The  business  of  the  place  is  represcjited  by 
two  general  stores,  one  millinery-store,  two  grocers, 
tliree  gmcery-  and  confectionery-stores,  one  drug- 
store, one  hardware-store  and  tin-simp,  two  shoe- 
stores,  two  hotels,  two  blai-k>niith-sh(ip-.  one  wagon- 
shop,  two  tobacco-warehi>n-cs,  lour  cigar-lactoru'.-, 
two  cabinet-shoi.s,  Iwo   bakeries,  ojie  tailor,  tu.i  cob- 


l)lers, 


-IHce.    ,. 


The  Lutheran  and  Reformed  Church  of  Bain- 

bridg-e'  was  built  by  Mr.  Henry  Haldcmai,  in  l,s-7 
for  the  Methodist  Episco|.al  congregation.  .Mr.  llal- 
deman  became  dissatisfieil  witli  the  Mi'tluidist  ( 'liiirch, 
closed  the  doors  against  the  congregation,  and  in  is;;;i 
sold  tlie  jiroperty  to  the  Lutheran  and  Refornud  peo- 
ple, who  in  1838  had  organized  congregati(]]is  in  this 
village,  and  who  have  continued  to  occupy  the  i  hunh 

lS:i',i,  alter  the  trau>ler  was  made.  1"he  first  Lutheran 
pastor  was  Rev.  T.  (i.  Von  Hot'.  The  congregation 
was  subsequently  .served  by  Kevs.  Leonard  (ierhart, 
Willian.  (ierh.irt,  H.D.,  .Maitni  S.nidhau-,  William 
(i.  Lail/.le,  l;.  r.  A|.ple,  .1.  W.  Early,  1'.  T.  Hoover, 
Daniel  .Sleek,  C.  1'.  \Veavcr,  .1.  V .  ICekert,  .M.  11. 
Stine,  J.  II.  Hou-einan,  the  present  incumbent. 

The  first  church  coun.il,  in  ISo.S,  eonsistcl  of  the 
following  ehler.s  ami  deacon.s  :  Khlers,  Jacob  Vogel- 
s(mg,  Frederick  Schmitt;  Deacons,  Peter  ILicken- 
herger,  John  Ebersole.  The  first  trustees  were  elected 
in  1839,  after  the  properly  was  transferred  to  the  Lu- 
theran and  Rcf.irmed  people.  They  were  John  Ihin- 
ing  and  John  Weber.  The  fi.rmer  members  of  this 
church  arc  scattered  from  Pliiladelphia  to  Colorado. 
The  present  Lutheran  mend.ership  numbers  ninety- 
live;  the  Relormcd  al.out  luenty.  During  the  late 
war,    when    Gen.    Lee    and    his    rebel    army    invaded 


By  G. 


Iliick 


of  arms.  Col.  Thomas,  of  Philadelphia,  was  stationed 
here  with  fifteen  hundred  men,  and  was  often  seen  on 
the  steeple  anxiously  looking  through  his  glass  to  the 
York  Cfinnty  side  of  the  Snscpiehanna  watching  the 
movements  of  the  rebel  cavalry  burning  the  rail-road 
bridges,  thPn  retiring  to  Yoik,  where  they  were  sta- 
tione<l  with  a  strong  fi)rce.  The  church  is  a  plain 
brick  btiilding,  with  a  seating  capacity  of  three  hun- 
dred persons.  Present  value,  about  three  thousand 
dollars. 

Church  of  God.— The  llist  nicndjcrs  of  the  i.resent 
Church  of  Cod  at  Bainluidge  were  .John  McNeil, 
Hannah  McNeil,  Sn.san  Randenbaugh,  and  Ezekiel 
Sankey,  all  of  wdiom  embraced  the  doctrine  of  the 
church  as  taught  by  the  pioneer  fathers,  John  Wine- 
brenner,  Jacob  Keller,  iuid  E.  H.  Thonuis.  The^e 
believers  held  prayer-meetings  in  the  home  ot  John 
McNeil,  one  of  the  early  settlers  of  Bainbridge.  The 
first  preaching  brethren  of  the  church  wdio  visfted 
this  village  arjd  preached  loi  them  were  E.  H.  Thomas, 
Jacob  Keller,  and  John  Koss,  in  the  year  1832.  From 
that  time  forward  ihcy  were  visited  from  time  to  time 
by  Elders  Winebrenner.  Thomas,  Keller,  Kyle,  Ros.s, 
and  others,  who  preached  in  private  dwellings,  barns, 
and  groves,  lu  ls;;7,  i:Mer  i;.  11.  Thomas  held  the 
first  protracted  nu-eting  e\(  r  hehl  in  Conoy  township, 
which  resulted  in  the  conversion  of  fourteen,  making 
irj  all  eighteen  peisoiis  who  had  embraced  the  new 
doctrine,  as  it  was  then  called.  Li  1838  they  formed 
themselves  into  a  permanent  local  church  organiza- 
tion, and  became  attached  to  the  Dauphin  and  Lan- 
caster Circuit  of  the  East  Pennsylvania  Eldership  of 
the  Church  of  God,  having  for  their  first  regularly- 
a[.pointed  ministers  Elders  Kyle  and  David  Jlaxwell. 
These  men  preached  in  JIather  Raudenbaugh's 
Icitchen,  in  ati  old  building  called  Xhe  Trap,  and  a 
sione  house,  the  ruins  of  which  still  remain.  Both 
of  the.se   buildings  stood   along  the  river  front.     Li 

1841,  Elders  Ross  and  Tucker  became  the  pastors  of 
the  circuit,   and   on   ihc   sicond   .Mon.lay  of  ^L^rcl], 

1842,  the  first  tneeting  was  called  to  devise  ways  and 
means  lor  the  erection  of  a  house  of  xsorsl.ip.'  The 
result  of  this  meeting  was  the  -election  of  a  building 
committee  .•.msi.tin-  of  .M.  W.  May  and  John  Mc- 
Neil, will,  .Viinie  Kaudeiiliau.J,  as  solicitor  of  con- 
trihuuoiis.    Fi,.leiick  llipide  donated  a  lot  of  gr.mnd 

nions.  In  Mav  ,,f  IN  12  the  work  of  building  began, 
and  on  the  2."ith  of  Heieuibcr,  of  the  same  year,  the 
new  church  w.,s  dedicated.  Elders  Winebrenner  and 
Ross  being  the  olliciating  clergymen.  Li  the  year 
1,S43,  ICIders  Kyle  and  .^Lllnix  served  the  circuit,  tn 
1844,  Elder  M.  F.  Suavely  was  appointed  as  pastor. 
In  184.'ia.new  circuit  was  formed  consisting  of  the 
churches  at  Bainbridge,  Eli/.aluthtown,  and  Mount 
Joy,  and  Elders  Strohin  and  Deshiere  served  the 
charge.  Li  184G  the  pulpit  Wius  occupied  by  David 
Kyle,  in  1847  by  David  Kyle  and  A.  Snyder,  in  1848 
by  Jacob  Keller  ami  ,1.  Haltlcigh,  in  1849  by  Jacob 


756 


HISTOKY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Keller,  ill  1S50  by  Elders  Strohiu  nm\  C.  Price,  in 
IS.-.l  liy  JOUlers  Suiil  and  Price,  in  1S52  by  A.Swiirtz, 
in  1S53-54  by  Jacob  Keller,  in  1855  by  J.  Halfleigli 
and  William  Clay,  in  1S5G  by  J.  IlalHeigli,  in  1S57- 
5,s  by  George  Sigler,  in  1S50-GO  by  A.  H.  Long,  in 
1SG1-G2  by  C.  Price,  in  1SG3  by  J.  Stanim,  in  18G4-Go 
by  E.  ir.  Thomas,  in  1866  by  W.  O.  Owen,  in  1867 
by  A.  H.  Long,  in  18G8  by  Jacob  Keller,  in  1869  by 
J.  M.  Carvell,  in  1870-71  by  R.  H.  Pvhever,  in  1872  by 
J.  (J.  Aller,  in  1873  by  William  Erigler,  in  1875-76  by 
I.  S.  Richmond,  in  1877-7i»  by  D.  S.  Shoop.  At  this 
time  the  church  erecteil  in  1842  being  old  and  the 
location  no  longer  desirable,  a  meeting  was  called  for 
the  purpose  of  consultation,  and  at  the  meeting  if 
was  resolved  to  build  a  new  house  of  worship,  and 
accordingly  a  building  committee  was  appointed  con- 
M-ting  of  George  liean,  Peter  .Sides,  Smniicl  .•^lirolf, 
Harry  Hijiple,  and  the  (.astor,  D.  S.  Sli,,op.  ,^Ii. 
Pcan  donated  the  ground  in  a  dcsirabk-  lo.-.ition  in 
thi'  centre  of  the  town,  and  near  his  rc^idirirc,  'fhc 
building  was  compleliil  in  the  spring  of  1"<7'J,  and 
dedicated  with  appropriate  ceremonies.  Elder  O.  11. 
]-arncy,  D.D,,  edim,  ,,l  il,,-  Chiirr/i  AJmcah;  and  nnw 
prc-idcut-electof  Fiiidly  College,  preaching  the  dedi- 
catory sermon.  Li  1880,  W.  P.  AVinbigler  was  the 
jKistor  in  charge;  in  1881-83,  Rev.  George  W.  Getz, 
the  present  pastor,  and  gatherer  of  these  historic 
facts.  The  church  property  is  valued  at  three  thou- 
sand five  hundred  <lollars,  and  the  nicndH-r-hip  umw 
numbers  seventy-nine. 
Bainbridge  Methodist  Episcopal  Church'  wa- 

or-ani/..d  in  March,  ISPJ,  with  the  following  constit 
iicnt  mend)ers:  John  Mur|.hy,  [Stephen  Murphy, 
John  Murphy,  Jr.,  James  Hawthorne,  John  Marklcy, 
Henry  Pierce,  Eli/.a  Jones,  Eliza  Ualbraith,  Mrs. 
E-worthy,  Marg.  Herst.  and  Angeline  Smith. 

The  tii">t  places  of  m.-oting  were  private  liouscs,  an 
old  .-tone  hoti-e  and  the  c..oprr->li.>p  of  .l,,hn  Mnr- 
i>hv.      In    l.S-11    a  one-^torv   trained    .liiircli    building 


nd 


The  lirst  minister  ill  charge  was  Rev. Edwards, 

followed  in  succession  by  Itevs.  J.  Reed, lierrage, 

l\[eNamee,  J.  Ruth, Greenhanks,  C.  Hall 

Gracey,  George  Brindell,  T.  Montgomery,  S.  Kurtz, 

Cook,  Jo,-eph  Gre,-g,  .loliii  Crciig,  W.   Haddock, 

D.  White,  J.  1).  Kiiapp,  V.  .Vriu.ld.  ,1.  K.  Kohci  ts..ii, 
H.  WhecKr,  Kicliard  Raiius,  H.  \'.  Cnlrr,  A.  X. 
(Juiiiil.y,  ,1.  ll.LuiiL;,  A.  N.  Milli.nii,  and  .1.  ( ;.  ( iran- 
lev. 

The  church  was  connected  with  the  .Marietta  t'ir- 
cuit  from  1843  to  1863,  after  which  il  became  tlic 
P.ainbridge  and  Ealmouth  charge. 

Methodist  Episcopal  Church  of  Falmouth.— .\ 
class    was    formed    at    Ealmouth   in   LS.Vi,  with  


Wernley  as  leader  and  twelve  members.  Services 
were  held  regularly  in  ])rivate  houses  during  five 
years,  and  in  18i)0  the  present  house  of  worship  was 
erected.  It  is  a  wooden  structure,  with  a  seating  ca- 
pacity of  one  hundred  and  sixty.  Since  1863  thisjias 
been  a  part  of  the  Painbridge  charge,  and  has  been 
served  by  the  same  clergymen  named  in  the  sketch  of 
the  Methodist  Episcoiial  Church  at  that  place. 

Eiver  Brethren. —  A  society  of  "Rrethren  in 
Christ,"  or  "  River  Brethren,"  as  they  are  commonly 
called,  have  tlieir  place  of  worship  in  Bainbridge. 
This  house  was  purchased  from  the  Evangelical  So- 
ciety in  1881.  It  is  a  brick  structure,  with  a  seating 
capacity  of  four  hundred  and  fifty.  The  River 
Brethren  are  spoken  of  more  fully  In  another  place. 

Bainbridge  Cemetery.— At  an  early  day  inter- 
ments Wire  made  ill  a  cemetery  within  the  present 
limits  of  the  town  of  Bainbridge,  but  wdien  the  town 
was  laid  out  simie  of  the  streets  were  made  to  pass 
through  this  burial-place,  and  two  stables  now  stand 
on  a  purtion  ut  il.  .Vnother  graveyard  was  on  a  hill 
one-fourth  ot'  a  mile  north  from  the  town,  on  land 
now  uwiied  by  Cliii-tiau  Herr,  but  this  has  cease<l  to 
be  used.  Alter  the  town  came  into  e.xistence  the 
Lutheran  churchyard  was  used  as  a  place  of  burial, 
and  the  town  owned  two  lots  therein. 

In  1874  an  association  was  formed  and  incorporated 
under  the  name  of  the  "  Bainbridge  Cemetery,"  with 
a  I'apital  of  twn  il„,iis;,,id  live  hundred  dollars  in 
shares  of  titty  dollars  each.  The  corporators  were 
Israel  -M.  (irolt,  Henry  C.  Falls,  John  Hykes,  John 
Markley,  riHmias  Hadcn,  Samuel  Hackenberger, 
George  W.  Hackenberger,  Harrison  Hippie,  Peter 
Sides,  and  George  Beane.  Of  these  .Samuel  Hackeu- 
lieigcr,  George  Beane,  John  Markley,  Henry  C.  Fahs, 
and  Harrison  Hi|>ple  were  the  first  directors.  A  lot 
ot  five  acres.  Jiist  .south  fnuii  the  town, "was  purcliased, 
inelo-ed,  and  laid  out  for  a  burial-plaee,  and  inter- 
ments have  since  been  made  there. 


,'ful 


given  to   modern  cemeteries.     The  presidents  of  the 

association    have   been    Israel    M.  Giolf  and  Samuel 

Hackenberger,  the  present  incumbent  <if  the  position. 

Bainbridge  Lodge,   No.  627,  I.  0.  0.  F.-This 

lodge  was  instituted  in  tlie  spring  of  ISC.S.  uitli  Dr. 
(ieoigel'.  DeMiiiaii,  N.  C;  .lolin  1!.  Sm.ill,  V.  (,.  ; 
If  C.  (iall,raitli,.'^ee.;  .lolin  Markley,  Treas.  ;  and  E. 
K.  Davis,  11.  C.  Fahs,  A.  M.  .^mith,  A.  K.  Stoner, 
.lell'erson  G.  (ialliiaitli.  Dr.  George  D.  Beane,  John 
F.  Gall.raith,  Henry  Isaac,  John  H.  Finley,  B.  Doyle. 
Jidm  KiUinger,  Jacob  Piper,  G.  II.  Feltcnberger, 
Frank  Feltcnberger,  Simon  C.  Cam|,s,  and  James 
.Murphy,  charter  members. 

The  Xol.le  GraieU  have  been  Dr.  George  T.  Desc- 
niaii,  .loiui  r,.  Small,  .loliii  M.iikley,  A.  M.  Smith, 
II.  G.   Fahs,  li.  G.  Galbiailh,  Henry   I.saac,  John   E. 


EAST   DONEGAL  TOWNSHIP. 


757 


Galbrailh,  B.  Doyle,  Jacob  Piper,  G.  H.  Felteiiberger, 
Frank  Feltenberger,  Joseph  H.  Walton,  Jacob  Shoaft", 
Jacob  R.  Brenner,  A.  K.  Stoner,  E.  FuUerton,  M. 
Ressler,  George  E.  Good,  George  Walton,  E.  Walton. 

Tlie  lodge  h:i^  enjoyed  unit'orin  prosperity,  and 
althougli  it  bas  paid  large  sums  in  benefits  it  lias 
now  in  its  treasury  al)(iut  two  thoii^atid  dollars.  It 
lias  also  a  lot  in  the  town,  on  whirli  tliu  erection  of  a 
hall  is  contemplated. 

The  present  omeers  are  :  J.  S.  Nopbsker,  N.  G. ; 
John  Hummel,  V.  ( i. ;  J.  K.  Stoner,  Sec. ;  and  Jacob 
Piper,  Treas.     Tlie  present  membership  is  forty. 

Bainbridge  Lodge,  No.  231,  0.  U.  A.  M.-This 
was  instituted  Mareli  25,  ISTO,  witli  the  following 
charter  members:  David  Moore,  Councilor;  G.  D. 
Brenenian,  Vice-Councilor;  G.  D.  Bean,  Rec.  Sec. ; 
F.  McNeal,  Asst.  Rec.  Sec. ;  S.  A.  Slirofl",  Fin.  Sec.'; 
S.  L.  Brubaker,  Treas. ;  H.  Hippie,  Inductor;  Lewis 
Waubach,  Examiner;  F.  G.  Galbraith,  Inside  Pro- 
tector; P.  L.  Shroff,  Outside  Protector;  Henry  Al- 
bright, .Tosepli  Baeliman,  .lohn  Douglass,  J.  G.  Gal- 
braith, L.  D.  Huff,  G.  D.  Hawthorn,  J.  S.  Kaullnian, 
Joseph  Kurtz,  John  Myers,  James  Jlurphy,  J.  S. 
Noplisker,  John  Paulis,  J.  S.  Smith,  U.  S.  Smith, 
Henry  Sliroll,  J.  1).  Smith,  Peter  Sides,  and  M.  W. 
Smith. 

Tlie  lodge  has  been  steadily  prosperous.  It  now 
numbers  thirty -six  members,  and  its  as-,ct~  ronsi^t  of 
six  hundred  dollars  in  cash  and  eight  huiidicd  dol- 
lars in  personal  property. 

Tlie  ])resent  officers  are  J.  S.  N„plisker,  C. ;  J.  H. 
Myers,  V.  C. ;  F.  McNeal,  Kec.  Sec.  ;  J.  L.  Hummel, 


The  result  of  this  marriage  was  five  children,  as  fol- 
lows: John  Haldeman,  born  June  G,  1844;  Elliott 
Haldeman,  born  Oct.  lU,  184G;  Anna,  born  April  1, 
184^;  Mary,  born  Feb.  7,  1852;  Walter,  born  Aug. 
31,  1807^  all  of  whom  are  now  living. 

.Mrs.  Jolm  Haldeman,  the  wife  of  the  subject  of 
this  sketch,  was  born  May  7,  1819,  in  Elizabethtown, 
Pa.  'Sir.  Haldeman  has  never  been  an  aspirant  for 
any  political  lionors,  is  very  retired  in  his  habits  of 
life,  enjoying  the  quiet  of  his  own  home  in  preference 
to  traveling  or  visiting.  In  politics,  Mr.  Haldeman 
is  a  Democrat.  Mr.  Haldeman,  during  his  active  life, 
took  quite  au  interest  in  the  breeding  of  fine  stock, 
cattle  and  horses  more  especially. 


rh,   Fi 


IK 


Asst.  Rec.  Sec.  ;  Lewis   W; 

Schrop,  Treas.;  C.  Shank,  Ind.  ;  C.  ll.iover.  Exam.; 

S.Smith,  I.  P.;  George  llartz,  ().  1'. 

John  Hippie  Post,  No.  353,  G.  A.  R.,  was  organ- 
ized in  June,  1S.S3.  It  was  narncd  in  lionnr  c,f  Pri- 
vate John  Hippie,  of  tliu  town  of  liainhridge,  wh.. 
fell  in  the  battle  of  SpoUsylv.mia  C..urt-ir<.nse. 
The  post  at  its  organization  had  the  following  char- 
ter members:  Dr.  (JeorgeT.  Dcseman,Com.;  II.  Lin- 
ton, S.  V.  Com. ;  H.  Snyder,  J.  V.  Com. ;  Dr.  S.  D. 
Whistler,  Adjt.;  John  H.  Green,  C^.M. ;  John  Gal- 
braith, Chap. ;  Joseph  M.  Smith,  (  ».  1».  ;  William 
Ilouseal,  Surg.;  Christ.  H.M.ver,  O.  (i.;  Ephraim 
Good,  Sergt.-Maj.;  Ross  Ashtcjii,  <^M,-Se^gl.;  Mi- 
chael A.  Smith,  J.  D.  FrllcnlK-rgrr,  .lolm  ('amp,  T. 
Beane,  G.  V.  Haekenberger,  Simon  SlellV,  .lolia 
Shcllow,  George  Hawthorne. 


HiOGRAPlIKUL    SKKTCH. 

JOHN    It.    llAI.lili.MA.N. 

John   B.  Haldeman  was  bcnii  July  14,  1779,  on  the 

oldliomestea.l,  now  occupied  l.y  .John  llaldeman,  his 

sou,  who  was  born 'Feb.  14,  IMS,  on   the  same  farm. 

John  Haldeman  married  JIary  Elliott,  May  V3,  184U. 


CHAPTER    XL  VII. 

E.Asr    ImXEiiAI.   TuWNSlIIP.i 

DoNKGAT.  townslii|)  was  organized  in  the  year 
1722,  and  embr;ice(l  all  of  the  territory  contained  in 
West  Conestoga  township,  which  was  taken  from  Con- 
estoga  township  in  the  year  1721.  The  eastern  limits 
of  this  township  exlciided  to  Pequea  Creek,  and  em- 
braced all  of  Ihe  Irrritory  west  and  northwest  of  that 
stream  to  the  liontiur  >cttleuK-nts  the  northwestern 
boundary  uol  bring  defined. 

This  township  was  named  from  Donegal,  a  county 
ill  the  norlh  ol'  lielainl,  whence  the  pioneer  set- 
tlers' came  and  located  near  Chikis  Creek  in  the 
year  171(i.  They  were  a  peculiar  people.  This  was 
the  mother  of  many  townships  and  counties,  and 
those  brave  pioneers  who  jilaiited  this  colony  and  at 
a  single  stride,  as  it  were,  forced  the  frontier  line  of 
civilization  many  miles  beyond  tlie  settlements  of  the 
(Termaii  Pabiliiiates,  who  came  to  Beaver  and  Pequea 
N'alleys  ill  17ii\  became  the  nursery  wdiicli  jilanted 
settlements  ol'  their  countrymen  farther  west,  and, 
like  the  advance  line  of  an  .army,  moved  on,  and  only 
halted  long  enough  to  build  one  of  their  cherished 
churches  in  the  midst  of  their  newly-planted  setllc- 
nieiit,  after  wliieli  tlie  advance  line  again  moved 
lorward  abiiul  ten  mill's,  wlu'ii  another  halt  was  made, 
a  settlement  planted,  and  a  meeting-house  for  wor- 
.ship  erected,  .\iid  thus  liny  went  onward,  extending 
their  lines  to  the  s,,utli  and  west.  Wherever  they 
went  they  moubled  public  sentiment.  While  they 
':  cherished  the  I'.vsbytenaii  ("luaeh  and  the  doctrines 
of  John  Calviii  and  .lohii    Knox  and  other  eminent 

I   they  did   not  devote  all   their  time  or  energies  to  the 
]   promulgation  of  tiieir  peculiar  relii;ioUs  views.    Their 

Thev  were  l.,nd  in  their  c.m.lemnat'ion  of  the 
wrongs   they   and    their   ancesl.irs    had    sulfered,   and 


liy: 


rSS  HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


were  constantly  moulding  a  iJiiblic  sentiinejit  hostile  I  Indiiins   farther  west,  ami    riiiii|iullf(l   thuiii   by  the 

to  the  liriti.sh  crown  and  the  oppressive  laws  of  Tar-  pressure  of  the  tide  of  setlK  lunii    to  m:11  the  lands 

lianienl.     Kvery  settlement  they  planted   was  a  nu-  j  tliey   elainied    to    the    I'eiin-,,  wh.j   invaiiubly    fnund 

cleiis  which   forjned  an  aggressive  element  tliat  had  ;  njany  Settlers  already  seated  upcjn   these  hinds  when 

niiicli   to   do   with   moulding  the   institutions   of  our  placed  in  ijie  market  for  sale. 

coiuiliy,  aM<l  bringing  the  people  from  a  state  of  va>-  The  Frencli    Indian   traders,    liizailloii,  Chartiere, 

salage,  depending  n|)on    the   crown  of  ICngland   for  Le  Tort,  Marianda,  Jessnp,  etc.,  kept  a  little  in  ad- 

liinited  political  rights,  to  enjoy  the  lull  sunlight  of  vancc  of  other  white  settlers,  but  they  planted  no 

freedom  and  eijual  rights  before  the  law.  colonies,  nor  did   tliey  "  come  to  stay."     They  took 

Up  to  the  i)eriod  of  the  organization  of  the  county  out  warrants  of  survey   lor  large  tracts  of  land,  but 

the  situation  of  the.se  pioneer  settlers  and  their  rela-  tliere  are  very  few  instances  wdiere  they  actually  took 

tioii  to  the  proprietors  of  the  province  was  a  peculiar  out  patents  for  their  land.     These  traders  all  located 

one.     Being  subjects  of  Great  Britain,  they  were  not  '  along  the  river  between  Conoy  Creek  and  Marietta, 

required  to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance  and  fidelity  to  except  Peter  Chartiere,  who  moved  from  Conestoga 

eitlier  the  crown  or  pro|irietor.                                             '  Jlanor  to  the   mouth   of  Yellow   Breeches  Creek,  in 

Having  been  invited  to  i-onie  to  the  province  and  Cumberland  County, 
settle  tliey  took  Penn  at  his  word,  and  ulien  tluy  "When  thecounty  came  to  be  organized,  the  eastern 
landed  at  New  Castle  or  I'hiladelpliia,  they  tarried  and  ,southea,,teru  boundary  of  the  township  was  moved 
in)t  to  hnnt  the  loan  coninii>Moner-,'  olliee  to  in.piire  farther  hack.  The  line  commenced  at  the  mouth  of 
about  land  warrants,  but  at  once  pnaeed.^d  to  set-  Chikis  Creek  and  ran  up  Hig  Cliikis,  or  the  ea.stern 
tie  upon  land  uusurveyed,  an.l  a  nmnber  of  mile-,  branch  to  the  |mint  u  here  -  .,ld  Peter's  road"  crossed 
farther  west  than  the  then  frontiers;  ami  when  lirmly  the  stream,  and  where  tliere  were  a  number  of  In- 
e.-tablishcd  they  declined  to  take  out_  any  patents  lor  dian  cabins  (thai  point  was  :ilso  the  division  line 
land,  and  i)articularly  those  tliat  required  an  annual  between  Hemplield  and  Warwick  towirships)  ;  thence 
payment  of  a  ground-rent  to  the  [u-oiirietors.  Tliis  in  a  northerly  direction  along  Chikis  Creek  to  take 
annoyed  and  caused  some  uneasiness  among  the  in  the  back  sctllenients;  thence  south  along  Cone- 
friends  and  agents  of  the  Penns.  James  Logan,  1  wago  Creek  to  its  junction  with  the  Susquehanmi 
Penn's  agent  and  secretary  of  the  province,  gave  e.K-  j  River.  That  part  of  Donegal  lying  between  Big  and 
pression'to  these  fears  in  no  unmistakable  hnigua-e.  Little  Chikis  Creek  was  cut  ulf  ir>  the  year  1741,  and 
'fhe  land  along  Cl.ikis  Cr.ek,  and  nineli  of  that  em-  named  Paplio,  alter  a  parish  in  the  north  of  Ireland, 
braced  within  the  pre-ent  limits  of  Last  Done.^al,  lis  dimen.-ions  were  again  reduced  in  17o7  ;  that 
was  ternu'd  "barren"  land,  lor  the  rra-on  that  the  i  part  lying  north  of  the  (dd  Paxton  and  Conestoga 
Indians   had  destroyed,  by  their  annual    lire-,  all  (d' I  road  and  extending  to   Little  Chikis  Creek  was  cut 

which  there  was  a  thick  growth  of  hickory  and  oak  On  the  iJllh  day  of  ,lnne,  1838,  the  township  was 
saplings  and  nnderbrn-h.  Py  17;!<»  this  kind  <,(  l.ind  divi.led  near  its  <  enire,  the  line  runidng  north  and 
had  been  all  taken  up  and  sailed  in  that  nei-hbor-  M,utli,  and  it-  divi-.ons  were  then  called  East  and 
hood,  and  in  that  year  thirty  fnnilie-  oi  Scoteli-hid,  West  Donegal.  Tlienedorward  we  shall  describe  the 
.settled  in  (_;oiu^stoga  Manor  and  bnilt  eahin-.  in  the  two  divisions  of  lh»to»nd.ii.  as  distinct  parts, 
followin-  -pring  the  colonial  anthoiitie-,  -cut  per-on-  East  Donegal,  the  hi-lorv  of  which  f  )rms  the  pres- 
to de-trov  their  cabin-,  and  invite  them  lo  -rttle  we-t  cut  chapter,  is  bounded  on  the  ea-t  and  >outhea-t  by 
of  CInki-  Creek.  Chikis  ( 'rerk  and  it-  iiortliwe-l  l,,:i„eh;  on  the  north 
From  the  verv  commencement  of  their  settlenu'nt  by  the  Lanea-ter,  Mount  .lov,  Eli/,abethtown,  and 
they  mingled  in  poliiie-aiid  poached  upon  lliepo-  Middlelown  turnpike,  lormerly  called  the  Paxton 
Inieal  lieldso  iudii-ti  ion-ly  eultivatrd  \:\  tlieHnakers,      and  Corn-toga  great  road  ;   U] the  west  and  north- 

cidonial   government.      prom   the  time  I  ley  (ditaini'd  and  upon  the  sonlii  and -oiilhuest  liy  the  Susquehanna 

a    foothold    in    the    .\-eiiil.lv    in    I7;!l,lliey   slowly  Kivei.      I  Is  surf  lee  is  genii  v  rolling  and  easily  culti- 

,wer  vated.  There  are  niniuroiH  small  streams  flowing  iu 
a  .soiithea-terly  diieeiion,   wliieh   empty  into   larger 

ners  -ireains.      Pro.id  and  o.\ |i:in-i ve  meadows  bound  tliem 


aeip.ir 

■d   -trcngl 

il  tl 

ey    be 

ame   a    l 

in  tha 
The 

body, 
pre-umpl 

on   i 

t   the 

ipparent 

bet  wee 

n  these  SI- 

th-rs 

and 

the  (^1 

akers  lei 

cihibh 

conllict-, 

bnt 

thi- 

is  not 

the   fa.'t 

then   1 

ending  in 

Eur 

qie  1 

etwee 

the  sail 

cm-  upiiu    either   sule.     ^^onle   ol    tlie-e   streams  are  liis- 

war  torical,  among  which   is  the  one  which  has  its  rise  in 

the  a    large   spring    at   Donegal   Cliureli,   and   Hows   in   a 

and    Poman    Cathidic   |n-inri-    united   all  southeasterly  direction  and  empties  into  Chikis  Creek 

rh-Irish    Presbyterians  on    the  side   of    the  nmr   its   month.      In    lenutli    il    is   about    four    ndles. 

il    they    became   the    (mlwark    uliieli    nio-l  ,\,iother   has    it-    ri-e    in    Mount   Joy    township,    near 

r.-ist'ed  the' encroachment-  of  the   Calho-  Nissly's  mill,  li.enee   it   run-   in  a  southerly  direction 

Maryland    on   the   south,    and    drove    the  and   forms  a  jiuietion   with  Donegal  Meeting-IIouse 


Hun  at  Ni^sly's,  formerly  Oraybill': 
iKirlh   ..(■  il/imi.ii„n   it'  is  l.-ii   l,v 


"I" 


and  one  oilier   larL^ 

boundary  of  tlie  towiisliip  :i  striMiii  of  considerable 
size,  and  known  aiHont:  tlie  pioneer  settlers  as  Le 
Tort's  Run,  beean-e  be  own.'.l  „v,r  nine  bundled 
acres  throug-h  wbicb  it  ran  its  ubole  distance.  James 
Lo;;an  purcbased  liiis  biml  in  1728,  and  it  wa^  Iben 
called  Logan's  Run.  In  later  times  it  todk  its  name 
from  tbe  owners  of  the  grist-mills, — drove's  and 
Shock's  and  Ziegler's  Run.  A  mile  and  a  half  farther 
east  another  run,  formerly  called  Bowman's  Run, 
which  has  its  rise  in  a  spring  lialf  a  mile  northwest 
from  Maytown,  empties  into  tbe  Pennsylvania  Canal. 
This  stream  is  aliout  Iwu  inilcs  long. 

Upon  tlie  firm  n.iW  owned  by  Abraham  X.  Cassel, 
but  generally  known  to  tbe  jiresent  generation  a-  the 

wliicli  tiow^  a  run  which  passes  through  James  Dulfv's 
Park,  tlienee  through  his  farms,  formerly  owned  by 
Col.  Lowrey,  and  Rev.  James  Ander.son,  through  the 
centre  of  Marietta,  aiul  empties  into  tbe  Pennsylvania 
Canal.  This  was  known  ibr  some  years  as  "  Locust 
Grove  Run,"  after  the  farm  owned  by  Mrs.  Frances 
Evans,  and  is  now  called  "  Oully's  I'ark  Run."  Tbe 
mills  and  other  establidnncnis"  ah.n-  the-e  streams 
are  described  under  llie  licail  of  mills,  etc. 


EAST   DONEGAL  TOWNSHIP. 


Mr.  .\i"|y, 
s  .Mumnia's 


Go.rg,-M..jl, 


ted 


We  nowsli,,u-how  tbe  [.opu 
a  pcri.Ml  ,,f  lifiv  year-. 

Assessment-List  for  1782 

hibit,  the  names  of  all  tbe  ta 
in  17.SL.'.  logctber  with  the  am., 
the  o.-eiipation-.  t'.illowed  otliei 


thirty  years  ago,  and  one,  notably  the  (fross  woi>d 
is  now  being  cleared  of  timber.  Fifty  years  ago 
person  could  travel  from  the  U|iper  end  of  M.n 
etta  to  Donegal  Church,  a  distance  of  sev.ral  mile 
beneath  the  shadow  of  forest  trccs^ 
Pioneer  Settlers.— The  lollowing  list  .•mbraces  ti 

names  of  tbe  pi.ineer  settlers  in  Fast  Donegal  prb 
to  and  at  tbe  time  of  the  m-anization  of  the  count 
The  li,t    i,  not   c(Hin,lete,   but  it    is  as   full   as   can  I 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Ailnm  Wiiiiit ilia     .luiii,,,  \\il»..i, !."""  15.0 

I'liilip  Wiiiijt :l."iO  ;  SniiUR-1  Wuuila,  two  negroes....   104 

lliiving  by  the  foregoing  lists  merely  presented  the 
nanie.s  of  the  pioneers,  we  now  proceed  to  give  de- 
tailed accounts  of  the  more  iiroinineiit  fmnilies  and 
individuals  among  them. 

The  Galbraiths.— Of  those  who  first  settled  in 
the  township,  and  were  there  at  the  time  of  the 
organization  of  tiie  county,  this  family  deserve 
the  first  attention.  James  Galbraitli,  Sr.,  settled 
in  the  township  in  1718.  He  removed  to  the  Swa- 
tara,  and  died  at  his  son  James',  in  the  year  1744. 
He  had  a  son  John,  who  hicatcd  at  Donegal  Meet- 
ing-House  Run.  It  is  iirobahle  that  Andrew  was 
also  his  sou.  He  located  upon  land  adjoining 
l^onegal  meeting-hou.se  and  glebe  lands  on  tlie  east 
in  171S.  The  land  is  now  owned  by  tliu  ( Jarbers.  He  | 
was  appointed  tiie  first  coroner  in  the  county,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  first  jury  drawn  in  the  county, 
lieing  a  ijromiueiit  member  of  the  rrcsbyterian 
Oliurch,  and  one  of  its  ruling  elders,  and  a  very  in- 
lluential  citizen  among  the  pioneer  settlers,  he  was 
appointed  one  of  the  justices  of  the  Court  of  Common  [ 
IMeas  and  Quarter  Sessions  in  17;!0,  a  position  beheld 
until  the  fall  of  174G.  In  1732  he  and  his  neighbor, 
(-icorge  Stewart,  were  candidates  for  the  General  As- 
sembly. At  tiiat  time  none  but  freeholders  were  al- 
lowed to  vote,  and  there  was  but  one  jioll  in  the  county, 
at  the  county-seat,  where  all  voters  bad  to  go  to  vote. 

I>olitical  canvasses   that   had  ever  taken    place  wiibin 
the  prov 


ment  or  in  the  felicitous  way  of  the  beautiful  Duchess 
of  Devonshire  is  not  recorded." 

He  sold  his  farm  in  174ij  to  John  Kyle,  who  was 
connected  with  the  Galbraiths  by  marriage  in  some 
way.  He  was  ijrobably  the  father  of  the  wife  orAn- 
drew  Galbraitli,  the  son  of  James  G.,  Jr.,  whose 
daughter  was  the  mother  of  Chief  Justice  John  Ban- 
nister Gibson.  Rebecca  Stewart,  who  was  a  Gal- 
braitli, and  had-  a  brother  John,  also  related  to 
Kyle. 

John  Galbraitli  settled  on  "  Donegal  Meeting-House 


Run,"  about  tu 
Andrew  located, 
Jame-  Sr.  and 
Sr.  John  built 
side  of  the  Mari 
run  as  early  a,  1 


tb; 


d  of  ■• 


1731 


Mr.  (iaibr 
f,  but  hi. 


mare,  Nelly,  and  ro.le  out  through  the  Seoleb-Irish 
settlement,  and  persuaded  them  to  .^n  with  her  to 
Lancaster.  Slie  appeared  at  llie  court  house  leading 
a  |irocessiou  of  mounted  men,  whom  .-he  halted  and  I 
addressed.  She  rode  arnund  the  courl  Imusc  and  ad- 
dressed the  voters  with  sue  b  ell'ect  that  ber  husband's 
election  was  carried  in  triumph.  The  most  accom- 
plished and  ablest  Quaker  in  the  county  was  defeated. 
He  was  elected  to  the  .Vsr,embly  in  1732-38.  He  seems 
to  have  bad  no  opposition  alter  his  first  election. 

The  election  incident  just  menlioiied  is  referred  to 
in  a  biographical  notice  of  Madame  Patterson-Bona- 
parte, in  Lippincutt's  Mni/asine  for  the  month  of  Sep- 
tember,  1877,  as  follows: 

"Mrs.  Patterson  (the  mother  of  Madame  li.ma- 
jiarte)  came  of  that  sturdy,  independent  Scotch-Irish 
race  that  has  peopled  reiinsylvauia's  pni-penuis  val- 
leys. Her  grandmother,  Mi>.  ( iail.iailli,  wasa  woman 
of  remarkaiile  f.Jiee  of  diaraeter,  taking  a  inoniineiit 
part  in  Uev.dulimuu y  stii,  and  m,  ,uic  oceasion  travel- 
ing ,,n  bursebaek  tliruu.iili  ibe  then  almost  wilderness 
to  canvass  vote,  for  bci  liii-baiid's  election  In  the 
Assemhlv,  uhich   she   won,  whether   bv   robust  argu- 


where 
me  in  the  same  year  with 
lie  was  a  son  of  James 
and  sawmill  on  the  north 
Mount  Joy  turnpike  at  the 
.ilso  brewed  beer  and  kept 
o  which  reference  is  made 
ns."  He  was  elected  sheritr 
jr  of  the  first  jury  drawn  in 
the  county.  He  died  in  October,  1703.  His  widow 
Janet,  and  James  Galbraitli,  of  Lancaster,  were  his 
executors.  They  sold  the  mill  to  John  Bayly,  whose 
heirs  sold  that  part  lying  on  the  east  side  of  Donegal 
Run  to  Henry  lliestand,  which  bis  grands.m,  Henry 
Hicstand,  now  owns.  Robert  Spear  also  purchased  a 
portion  of  the  land  wdiich  he  sold  to  Jlr.  Miller. 
That  part  on  the  west  side  of  the  run  was  purchased 
by  Henry  Sharer,  who  erected  a  new  stone  grist-mill. 
The  land  is  now  owned  by  .rohn  1  [oriier,  Es.j.,  and 
the  mill  by  Henry  Hiestand,  i:>4. 

James.  Galbraitli,  .Ir.,  was  in  bis  generation  the 
most  |..roiiiineut  of  the  name  and  family.  He  mar- 
ried Elizabeth,  the  only  daughter  of  Rev.  William 
licrtram,  the  Presbyterian  minister  who  settled  on 
the  Swatara,  and  pre.iehed  at  Derfy  and  Paxton 
Churches  from  172'.i  to  May  2,  174G,  when  he  died. 
He  was  in  early  life  an  Indian  trader.  His  name  is 
firr.t  mentioned  in  ctinnection  with  a  public  position 
in  October,  17  IJ,  when  be  u.is  elected  sheriff  of  the 
county.  He  wa-  abu  iv-eleeied  in  1743.  Ill  1753  he 
was  couimiosioned  one  <it'  llie  justices  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas.  He  |iiireliased  a  mill  and  farm  at 
Spring  Creek  on  the  Swatara,  adjoining  Rev.  Ber- 
tram's place,  in  1744. 

On  the  iotli  tlay  of  May,  1748,  the  associators  met 
and  elected  .lames  and  bis  brother,  John  Galbraith, 
captains.  4'lic  several  companies  afterwards  elected 
the  former  lieutcnant-cidonel,  and  he  was  accordingly 
commissioned  as  such.  During  the  French  and  In- 
dian war  of  17o5-GU,  when  the  savages  were  com- 
mitting depredations  and  murdering  the  defenseless 
settlers  along  the  frontier,  he  was  one  of  the  most 
active  in  organizing  cimip.iiiies  of  r.iiigers  and  post- 
ing them  along  tlie  e.i-lerii  b.ise  of  the  Blue  .Moun- 
tains, and  on  one  uccasinn  when  the  Indians  cut  olf 
all  communication  between  Port  .Vugusta  (Sunbury) 

sent   to  the  troops  stationed   at   that   fort  under  the 


^tV 


.^^-^ 


^ 


nm 


^>a 


i:A-riW    pai)[pisiair7    ai?    th?    mom..   ^']im®  m  .  o^vitaa  ji^j^ 


EAST   DONEGAL   TOWNSHU', 


command  of  Col.  James  Burd  at  great  risk  and  dan- 
ger, succeeded  in  getting  a  fleet  of  bateaux,  under 
command  of  Caiit.  Daniel  Lowrey,  with  provisions 
and  ammunition  for  the  troops.  Wiien  the  settlers 
were  being  murdered  around  liim,  and  others  fleeing 
from  threatened  attacks  from  the  Indians,  he  appealed 
to  the  Governor  and  Council  for  ludp,  but  he  stood  his 
ground  n)anfully  and  ranged  witli  his  troops  along 
the  Blue  llidge.  His  energy  ujion  this  trying  occa- 
sion prevented  the  Indians  from  raiding  the  settle- 
ments in  Donegal  township  and  the  northern  section 
of  the  county.  In  1757  he  was  api)ointcd  one  of  the 
commissioners  to  erect  a  fort  at  Wyoming. 

He  accumulated  a  very  large  landed  estate.  He 
moved  from  the  Swatara  to  the  Sustiuehanna,  near 
Harris'  Ferry,  thence  to  Pennsboro'  township,  Cum- 
berland Co.,  and  was  a|)pointed  one  of  the  justices  of 
the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  that  county  in  17G3. 
In  1777  he  was  appointed  lieutenant  of  Cumberland 
County,  but  on  account  of  his  great  age  was  unable 
to  perform  the  active  duties  of  the  office.  He  died 
June  11,  17S(J,  aged  eighty-three  years,  and  left  sev- 
eral sons  and  daughters,  among  whom  were  Bertram, 
Robert,  Andrew,  and  J(din.  Robert  was  appointed 
prothonotary  of  Bedford  County.  He  afterwards  re- 
moved to  York,  wliere  he  practiced  law,  and  was 
elected  to  the  General  Assembly  from  that  county, 
and  was  afterwards  appointed  president  judge  of 
Huntingdon  Countv.  Andrew  was  an  officer  in  the 
Revolutionary  war,  and  M-rvrd  with  honor  to  hiuHclf 

Gibson  married  a  daughter  of  Andrew. 

John,  the  remaining  srni,  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
the  Revolutionary  war,  being  at  the  time  a  mere  lad. 
He  was  taken  prisoner  at  the  batlle  <ir  Long  l^hmd, 
and  for  several  years  was  ki-pi  a  pri^oinr  in  New 
York,  suffering  great  harrl-liips.  His  sun,  .luhii  (iil- 
braith,  was  a  member  of  Congress  lor  three  terms 
from  the  Erie  District,  and  at  the  time  of  his  death 
was  president  judge  of  the  district  then  composed  of 
the  counties  of  Erie,  Crawford,  and  Warren.  Tlie 
present  president  judge  of  the  Sixth  .ludicial  Dis- 
trict of  Pennsylvania,  Hon.  William  A.  (iaihraith, 
is  the  only  son  of  the  late  Hon.  John  Galbraith, 
who  died  in  1800,  and  is  a  great-grandson  of  Col. 
James  Galbraith,  Jr.,  of  Revolutionary  mennn-y. 
James  and  Elizabeth  Galbraith  also  had  sons— Wil- 
liam and  Thomas-and  daughters,— Dorcas  and  Eliz- 
abeth. The  family  of  Galbraith  is  of  the  remotest 
antiquity;  its  name  is  derived  from  the  Celtic,  and 
it  origiruilly  belonged  to  the  Lennox,  of  Scotland. 

Col.  Alexander  Lowrey,  another  pioneer  cjf  the 
township  who  was  l.iiuous,  came  to  America  from  the 
north  of  Ireland  will,  his  lulher,  Lazanis   Lowrey,  in 


age.  We  have  spoken  of  him  as  an  Indian  trader 
elsewhere,  and  will  in  this  connection  take  up  his 
civil  and  military  career.  On  the  2t;th  day  of  Sep- 
tembtir,  1752,  he  married  Mary  Waters,  who  was  then 
twenty  yjjars  of  age,  by  whom  lie  liail  six  children. 

His  success  in  business  from  the  time  he  became  of 
age  was  remarkable.  Although  be,  in  common  with 
other  Inilian  traders,  met  with  very  heavy  losses 
during  the  Indian  wars,  and  many  of  them  were 
completely  ruined,  he  continued  to  follow  and  re- 
mained in  the  business  for  forty  years.  His  field  of 
0])erations  extended  as  far  west  as  the  Mississippi 
River  and  on  the  north  to  the  great  lakes.  He 
learned  readily  the  language  of  the  Indians,  and 
could  speak  the  dialects  of  a  number  of  tribes.  In 
stature  he  was  over  six  feet  in  height,  raw-boned  and 
athletic.  He  traveled  many  hundreds  of  miles 
through  the  ludiau  country  on  foot,  with  nothing 
but  his  trusty  rifle  to  supply  himself  with  his  daily 
food.  One  of  his  first  and  largest  purchases  of  land 
was  his  father's  plantation  of  three  hundred  and  fifty 
acres,  bought  from  his  executors  in  1755.  It  was  his 
ambition  to  own  the  numerous  farms  possessed  at  one 
time  or  another  by  his  father.  In  1759  he  purchased 
four  hundred  acres  of  land  on  the  river  which  his 
brother  John  owned  in  174S,  and  after  he  was  killed 
by  the  Indians,  in  17.-.0,  purchased  by  his  brother 
Daniel  in  the  fall  of  ; 750.  Upon  this  last  tract  he 
moved,  where  he  remained  till  his  death  (with  the 
exception  of  a  lew  years  at  the  close  of  the  Revolu- 
In  1770  he  purchased  the  ground-rents 


ry  w: 


d    s,i 


nviied  Ly 


-post 
maid 


of  May  town  am 
extending  ea^t,  ■ 
belonged  to  Jacob  Itowiier,  Nsh.>  laid  out  the  town. 
He  added  gradually  to  his  landed  estate  many  thou- 
sands of  acres  in  York  and  BcdfoVd  Counties  and  in 
the  western  part  of  the  8tate. 

Before  the  conflict  between  Great  Britain  and  her 
colonies  assuined-a  belligerent  attitude  he  took  strong 
and  decided  ground  in  defense  of  the  colonists.  He 
was  surrounded  by  Scotch-Irish  Presbyterians,  who 
were  eijually  patriotic.  When  they  met  for  worshii) 
at  tlieir  meeting-house  under  the  giant  oaks,  they 
agitated  and  discussed  the  probabilities  of  the  coming 
confiict. 

In  July,  1774,  he  was  chosen  a  member  of  the  Com- 
mittee on  (!  Ki.-poii  leih'c,  who  were  to  consult  with 
a  general  e.>iiiiiiitlee  whuh  met  in  Philadelphia  on 
the  15th  day  of  .Inly,  1774.  In  December  of  the 
same  year  he  was  ajjpointed  on  a  committee  to  watch 
suspected  p.irties,  and  prevent  them,  if  possible,  from 
piirclia-.iiig  tea  or  giving  aid  or  Comfort  to  the  enemy. 

He  was  elected  to  the  Ccneral  Assembly  in  1775. 
andwa'saisoaiiieiiiberot  A-cmbly  in  177t;,  and  ot  the 
convention  wliieli  li.uiied  ihe  lirst  ConsllliUlMii  ol  llie 
State,  which  was  set  forth  in  btroug  and  )ioinled  lan- 
guage, as  forcible  and  unmistakable  in  its  declara- 
tion of  re|>nblican  principles  as  the  great  nalioiial 
Declaration  itself. 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


In  177(5  he  ruised  a  battalion,  made  up  entirely  of 
Sciilcli-Irisli  Presbyterians,  in  tlie  townsbips  of  Done- 
gal, Monnt  Joy,  Rapbo,  and  vicinily.  He  was  en- 
camped for  some  tiiin'  in  tlic  vicinity  of  Middletown. 
After  his  companion  in  arms  :i)id  eciually  patriotic 
neisbbor,  Col.  Bertram  (iulbraith,  who  also  raised  a 

D..ncj;al  and  Derry,  was  appninted  linitrnanl  .,f  tlir 
county,  liis  duties  were  enlari;ed,  and  it  recinircil 
great  energy  and  physical  endurance  to  respond  to 
the  duties  assigned  him. 

When  expresses  were  sent  to  the  commanders  of 
the  different  battalions  in  the  summer  of  1777  to  call 
out  the  militia  and  march  immediately  to  Chester  in 
defense  of  the  commouwealth  along  the  Delaware,  he 


This  was  the  only  son  who  survived  him.  In  bis 
lifetime  he  placed  him  upon  a  farm  cjf  twelve  hun- 
dred acres  at  Frankstowii,  on  the  .luuiata,  where  he 
marricc^  the  daughter  of  Capl.  .bilin  llnlliday,  the 
founder  of.II,)llidaysl)urg.  He  had  .a  -on,  Alexan- 
der, who  was  born  in  17St!.  He  married  .Miss  Hom- 
b.Migh,  who  ,Ii,m1  in  March,  1852.  lie  died  in  Aug- 
ust, is:)4,  ncai-  1 1 .1  liday-luirg,  leaving  two  daughters 
and  three  sons,  due  nl'  the  daughters,  Margaretta, 
married  Janus  M.  Kinkade,  an  ironmaster  in  Bed- 
ford County;  Hetty  never  married;  Alexander,  her 
hrother,  resides  in  Butler,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  John  F. 
lives  in  Hopewell,  Bedford  Uo.  ;  Robert  removed  to 
Davenport,  Iowa.  He  served  a  number  of  years  in 
both  branches  of  the  Iowa  State  Legislature,  and  was 


was  found  in  Donegal  meeting-house.   Services  ended  1  a])pointed   by  the  (lovernor   a  commissioner  to  the 
abruptly,  and  an  impromptu  meeting  of  oltieers  and   i  Centennial   Exposition  in  177().     lie  is  now  register- 
men  convened  outside  of  the  meeting-house,  under  a  i  general  of  the  laud-otlice  in  Dakota  Territory. 
large  oak-tree  still  standing  npar  the  front  doors.  |       Lazarus  Lowrey  had  four.sons  and  seven  daughters. 

On  the  following  day  the  battalion  was  on  the  !  Lazarus,  the  son,  also  moved  to  Davenport,  wdiere  he 
nuircb  for  the  Delaware.  Col.  Lowrey's,  Col.  Greena-  j  died  iu  ISlJS,  leaving  one  daughter  and  three  sons, 
wait's,  and  Col.  Watson's  battalions  met  at  Chester,      Robert  died  at  Hollidaysburg  in  1841  ;  Caroline  mar- 


and  m; 
Newpo 
1777. 

rched  frou 
t,   Del.,   w 

1  tl 

C,A. 

.owrev  was 

al> 

to   Wil 


mingi 


dtolhei 
i,   17si;, 


.■red   SepI 
neral  Ass 


ing  them   to   F<irt   MrlutMsh 
lero  11  treaty  was  held  w  ith  th 


the   (111 
In  Aug 


a  Mr.    Moore;    anc 


Oettv, 


ce  of  the  peace  li.> 
7'.ll.  lle.lied  nn  Ih 
Margaret,  dan.,  hier 
■  arried  George  I'lun 

The  Stephensons.- 

)onc-;Ll  ahnnl  llie  yc 


aughter  married  Mi 
rd  Cnunty  a  lew  vear 
d    tu   his    farm    t,,'secl 

ir   Thoinas    Mh\Un    ii 
uf.lanuarv.  I  ^O,",. 
idcraiid  Marv  Water- 


ctire  from  public  Hi.'  an. 

seek  repi 

-e  an 

is  beautiful  plantaticm  b 

ck  of  Ma 

Although  a  slavelioldcr 

when  tin 

law 

be  gradual  einanei|jatiou 

of  ^laver\ 

in   II 

mder  discu.ssion,  he  took 

positive  a 

id    Stl 

gainst  the  sei)aration  ot 

slave    la 

lilies 

lilferent  persons. 

In  1773  he  lost  his  w 

fe,  and   in 

1774 

Vnn   Alricks,  the   widow 
irst   prolhonotary  of  Cii 

of  Harnu 
iberland 

r  Ilaniuih  marriec 
uirried.fanwsCari 
V  >is|er  iuarrieil  ; 
N.arried  and  move, 
.lames  who  bec.am 


Feb.  1, 
Lowr.'v 


Kevoli 


Watsoi}  Family.  -1> 


ear   York  Springs,  York 
f.-w  years,   aud'^le/t  n.. 
l>y  .Mary.  Waters  were  A! 
.  ;    KU/.abcth,  b.irn  Oct.  ;;i 
,   17G1  ;    La/.arus,  b.-rn   . 


EAST    DONEGAL   TOWNSHIP. 


703 


He  gave  tliis  huul  to  his  son   Xatiianiel,  who  died  '       The     Bayly    Family.  —  Thcjiiia^     liayly    was    tlie 

without  iH>iie.  '   iiioneiT  >etller   of   this   hiiiiily,   ami    hKated    alj.iut,  a 

Oil  ye|it.  ,".,  17S0,  the  executors  of  Nathaniel  S^te-  '  mil'-  "  e>t  iVo.n  Mount  .toy  lmr,,u-li,  ,.„  the  lurn|uke, 
phenson  conveyol  the  faim  to  .Jasprr  Yeates,  Es(j.,  |  prioi*  to  1740.  Aftei' hi.s  death  his  wi<low,  Mary,  tcjok 
who  reconveyed  it  to  havid  \\'at-on  no  the  same  day.  out  a  [laljnt,  .\lig.  S,.174;i,  lur  twr)  hundieil  and  twenty- 
He  was  nian-ied,  lust,  to  .Mi>s  ll.inalton,  dausliter  j  nine  aeres,  and  in  Se|>tendier,  171!l.  she  eonveyed  it 
of  Mr.  Ilainillon,  wh.i  re-id.d  at  -  WaL-rloo,"  in  to  h.T  son-,  dohn  and  .lana-s,  who  on  May  2,  170:i,  cun- 
Sali.hury  township.  After  his  marriage  he  reniove.l  '  v,  y.l  one  hundredand  twenty-nine  aerei  of  this  tract 
from  his  unele  .><te|dKais,,n's  to  Slrashur-  town-l,i|i,  I  to  Thomas  .Vmhos,,,!,  the  son  of  Rev.  .Tames  Ander- 
nowinrarailisetown-liip.  die  was  marri.'d  the  srcoml  !  son.  ll.'Wassohl  out  in  17(17  hy  llie  sherilf,  and  his 
time  to. <ar.di,danuhter..f  the  lair  San.nel  I'attrrson,  M.rolher  .lames  purrha-rd  the  land.  His  -rand- 
who  settled  in  Leaeoek  township,  on  the  l'e.|Uea,  |  daughter,  Kli/.ahelh  Kelly,  married  Thomas  Bayly, 
prior  to  17-13,  and  took  up  two  hundredand  fifty  aeres,  '  the  s(m  of  J.,hn  liayly,  to  wli(;,-e  rhildrcn  this  tarin 
and  whose  daughter  Margaret  married  Col.  .Tames  deseended,  ami  who  sold  one  hiimlnil  and  ninety- 
Mercer,  a  prominent  ollieer  in  the  Rrvolntionary  war,  seven  acres  in  17'J:)  to  Frederick  Stump,  of  Colnmhia. 
a  inemher  of  the  (leneral  .Vssunihly  for  1782,  17S3,  .Tolin  Bayly,  son  ui  Thom.as,  imreliascd  four  hun- 
17.S4.  .ATr.  Watsun  and  Col.  Mercer  purchased  the  died  acres  of  land  and  a  grist-  and  s:,w-niill  limn  the 
land  left  by  Mr.  I'atlerson,  and  Mi.  Watsun  moved  j  e.xcntors  of  the  estate  of  .T.dm  ( iaihr.iith  in  17.-.7.  He 
upon   this   farm   in    Leacck   toui,~lnp,      \V.its.,n   ua,  c-onvcrlcd  tlir  nid  tav.in,  built   hy  .l..hn  Ciall.raith  at 

api)ointed   itiie  of  the  jusiices  of  tlo'  Court  of  t ' •  the   rini,   into   a   stinehniise.      He   was   a   zealous   and 

mon  Pleas.     He  w.i,  a  prominent  patriot  during  the  ardent  patriot  during  the  Revolutionary  war.     He  was 

Revolution,    and    rendered    valuable    service    to    the  i  elected  to  the  Council.     The  lollowing  is  a  copy  of 

cau.se  when  serving  on  various  committees.     He  ad-  '  a  letter  written  by  Jlr.  Bayly,  wliich   fully  explains 

ministered  the  oath  of  allegiance  to  a  large  number  |  matters  then  transpiring: 
of  citizens  in  his  own  and  neighboring  townshi|)s. 

Ry  his  first  wife  he  ha.l  .lane,  born  March  7,  1701  ; 

John,  born   Dec.   2".,   17i;2,  died   Nov.  Hi,  1S4.3;   Wil-  '      "D..  s,k:^i  h.o.  i,,..,,  i„  „  very  I'-m- Sui,- ,  f  i,., 

liam,   born    Nov.    10,    KOo,    married Chambers;  \   cimr  Ik„ne,  th.  cal.l  un.UV.ugl,  I  l.ul  when  in  Tu«„, 

Mary,   burn    Sept.    1,    KOs,    married    Ei •    .IdlVics;  '   lIll^'-niTltjollri'.^rmi'^'^""^^^^ 

Margaret   (  Will-. i, ,,   who    re-idrd    in    Donegal;     Na-  i-luJi!!:!^\^v,'lh.TJ2,,^'llll/'ihloi<^^nL't 

thaiiiel.boniSrpl.-l,  1771.  wlH.mairoda  .Miss  Ham-  Kv  0,e  Dnid,"  ;>t  I,.,in.  l,.,tl,  l!.„k>.„  o..i  into  open  R° 


'To  Ilia  Excellencj  Tin>jiAs  Wauton, 

•■  Cuimw.ter  and  Cldff  in  ,iml  una-  Ihe  6t«U  ,./  Ve 


m1    II 


He 


.Mf  tliii 


coinmaiided    Ihr    Lancaster   County   troops   at    I'.alli-  I  w.u'.mt  u  «„;„■,: 

more;  a   ineniber  of   the  State  Senate   lor  the  years  I-"" '•^^-V  *"""' 

1810  and  1811.     James,  born  Dec.  20,  1777.         '  ,"r'n'.'.i!' a!",' 

David  Watson's  second  wife  was  .Margaret   Ratter-  m.n,:..  r  ,.■;  ..i  „ 

son,  the  daiigbler.d'  .S.imurl   P.itlcrson,  by  wh he  I   0"- li'-i ''n.Ue , 

Dr.  .lolm  Watson,  the  second  son  of  David  (1731-  !  n'hZ'u'j'.sl"! 

180o),  was  born  in  Stra-burg  township,  now  Paradise      ' ■  i"'  "i'"  ' 

town.ship,    Dec.    2o,    17(i2.        He    married    Margaret  ";"  "''."r, '";',',' 

Clemson,  daughter  of  James  Clenison,  Eso.,  of  Sails-  '„',!,"■  ,,!„,'  \[, 


■duo.ls,  foithB  tines  ip.m'd  l.y  llic 
em.  So  tli.it  the  Con-til,lea  wonl 
ui-conlin-Iy<.[.  tltea.nli  riist:.llt. 


I7> 


ehildieii    were    .Molly,   Rarbrl,    .Alargarct,    D.ivid    C.,  '^"^' 

James  C.,  Natli.iniel,  .Tobii  C.,  and  S.irah    C;.  ,"  ''. 

Davi.l  C.  was  aeaplain  ill  the  war  o]'  l.sli'.      ![,.  jo-  ^.■■. 

catc.l    ;it    Rainbri.lge  .so,m    aflcr   the    war,    where    he  "[''\ 

attained  a  large  practice.  I,,",' 

Natlianiel    Watson    studied    niedieiiie,   and    had   a  

large  jiractice  in  Donegal  and  iicighboring  townships  '"' 

.Sarah',  born  l.'^Oi,  married  h^aias  Kllmaker. 

.laine,   C.    il^Oo  so,   „.as   born    in    Donegal,   at    the   '   > 

old  luHiiestead  adjoining  the  meeting-house.     He  re-  J,'",' 

eeived  the  degree  of  Doctor  oi  Divinity  in  1847.     He  i  i,. 

was  licensed  to  preach   the  gospel   April,  18:;o.      lie  "" 

where  until  his  death,  in  bSSO. 


7Gi 


IIISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUiNTY. 


Mr.  Bayly  died  in  1794,  leaving  a  widow,  Hannah, 
anil  the  following-named  thildren:  James,  who  got  ' 
ono  hundred  acres  of  land  on  the  east  side  of  the  run  ;  | 
Thomas,  died  intestate,  and  left  a  widow,  Ann,  but  no 
children.     On  the  lOlh  day  of  March,  171)2,  his  father  ' 
gave  him  the  one-fourth  of  one  hundred  and  eighty- 
seven  acre.s  at 'the  mouth  of  Conewago  Creek,  upon 
which   the  town  of  Falmouth   stands.     John,  moved 
to  Frederick  County,  Md.,  in  1810;  JIargaret;  Mary, 
married   James  .Anderson,  the   founder  of  Marietta ; 
Rutli,  married  Dr.  Maxwell  McDowell,  of  Baltimore, 
Md. ;  Hannah,  married  John  Greer,  of  York  ;  Jenct, 
m;irried  Penrose  Robijison,  a  merchant  of  York. 

James  Bayly,  brother  of  John,  was  equally  promi- 
nent. He  resided  upon  and  owned  the  fann  adioiii- 
ing  "Daily's  Park"  on  the  north,  which  lie  pur- 
chased Aug.  7,  1707,  of  Jacob  Downer,  which  his  son 
John  sold  to  Mr.  Graybill,  and  is  now  owned  in  part 
by  Abraham  N.  Cassel,  of  Marietta.  He  was  a  justice 
of  the  peace,  and  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas, 
during  the  Revolution,  before  whom  the  oath  of  alle- 
giance was  taken  by  the  citizens  of  Donegal  and  vi- 
cinity. He  was  also  "  wagonmaster,"  an  important 
position  in  that  trying  period.  He  issued  the  order 
fur  Albright's  arrest,  referred  to  in  his  brother  John's 
letter.  He  married,  the  second  time,  Mary  C.Mik, 
widow.  He  leftthe  following-named  childre].  ;  .lohn, 
to  whom  he  gave  the  homestead  farm,  and  who  sold 
it,  Oct.  1,  17i);i,  to  Jacob  Graybill  (miller)  ;  Tl.oma., 
who  got  the  land  adjoining  Maytown  ;  M;ny,  who 
married  Richard  Reyes;  Kutli,  who  m.iri 
Slcpheiisou  (who  was  an  officer  in  the  .in 
to  the  wi'Merii  p.irl  of  the  Stale  to  ipirll 
Insurrection). 

The  Mitchells.— James  Mitchell  was  a  land  sur- 
veyoi-.  II.'  was  appointed  a  justice  of  the  pcan-  tor 
Donegal  t.nvnship  in  1722,  when  it  was  part  ol  ( "liesler 
County.  In  the  same  year  he  was  one  of  tin'  corn- 
Manor,"  on  the  west  side  of  the  rivrr,  and  uhen 
the  temporary  line  was  run  between  I'ennsvU  .niia 
and  Maryland  in  17ul),  James  Mitchell,  .lohn  (ial- 
l.raith,  John  Mitchell,  John  Kelly,  Francis  Stewart, 
( iordon  Howard,  and  Alexander  Mitchell,  all  of  Don- 
egal, a.ssisted  the  commissioners  of  the  two  provinces. 
He  was  elected  a  member  of  Assembly  for  the  years 
1727,  17-14-1(3.  In  the  year  1741  he  was  elected  shenlf 
of  the  county.  He  and  James  Le  Tort  held  a  treaty 
with  the  Nanticoke  and  other  Indians  at  Conoy  in 
1723.  James  Mitchell  owned  and  resided  upon  a  farm 
which  lay  south  of  John  Galbraith  (miller)  and  east 
of  Jcdin  Stewart's,  and  between  the  Marietta  and 
Mount  Joy  turnpike  and  Little  Chikis  Creek.  He 
died  in  1747,  leaving  the  following-named  children: 
James,  .Mexander,  Thomas,  William.  Jean,  Rachel, 
l\Iary,  Margaret. 

Th. ts    Miichell,   ln-9ther  of   John    (not   the  one 


that  wei 
Wliiske 


The  Sterretts. — John  Sterrett,  the  pioneer  settler 
of  the  name,  located  in  Donegal  township  in  1720,  near 
Chikis  Creek.  He  was  very  active  in  Cresap's  war, 
and  helped  to  arrest  him.  He  was  elected  sheriff, in 
1744.  He  died  in  1747,  leaving  a  widow,  Martha, 
anil  the  f jllowing-named  children:  James,  Joseph, 
Mary,  Ann,  lOlizahelli,  married  Edward  Crawford; 
.M.irllia,  married  .l.imes  Willson  ;  Sarah,  married 
Abraham  Lowrey ;  another  daughter  married  ^Vil- 
liam  Young.  In  174.5,  17411,  1747,  James  Sterrett  was 
elected  sheriff.  He  married  Sarah,  daughter  of  Rich- 
ard Allison,  who  owned  several  hundred  acres  of  land 
along  Donegal  Run,  adjoining  Andrew  Galbraith  ou 
the  southeast,  to  which  he  moved.  He  died  in  1808, 
aged  eighty-six  years.  His  family  coirsisted  of  James, 
who  married  iMiss  Hannah,  and  removed  to  Tusca- 
rora  Valley  in  ISIiG;  William,  married  Mi.ss  Patter- 
judge  of  the  Suprciiu-  Court.  James  and  Sarah  Ster- 
rett's  other  childiun  were  Robert,  David,  Jose|.h 
Nathaniel,  Francis,  Mary. 

The  Evans  Family.— John  Fvans,  a  native  of 
Wales,  landed  in  I'hiladelphia  with  a  family  of  seven 
persons,  viz.,  his  lailier,  motlirr,  wile,  daughter, 
brother,  and  si-^er,  and  afler  a  short  sojourn  with  the 
Welsh  settlers  on  thr  west  side  of  the  Srhuylkill,  he 
l.urehasud  two  hundred  acres  in  the  WeUh  tract  in 
New  Castle  County,  Del.,  to  which  he  removed  in  the 
yc.ir  IiI'.n;.  Hi-,  Inoilier  being  a  carpenter  was  of 
-rcat  as^i^tance  to  him  in  making  improvements  upon 
his  land.  His  daughter  died  s.ion  after  he  made  his 
.settlement,  but  a  son,  John,  was  born  in  the  year 
17iH);l,olli  wile  amUon, lied  soon  alleiwards.     Hefore 


hnndi' 


r|,s. 


d  acres  of  land  on  Wh 
uiity,  just  below  the  villa 
.wrisliipof  London  Brita^ 
t-  and  saw-mill  on  or  bef, 


of 


Wales  : 


Jol 


M; 


.McCary,  Jca 


.iptisl  minisler,  arrived  in  I'liiladel|.lna 
with  his  wile  and  .six  children, -Jane,  Lewis,  Mary, 
George,  JIaigarel,  and  William,— and  the  next  year 
settled  ujjon  a  farm  near  the  Delaware  River,  and 
below  the  mouth  ol  ilie  Clirisliana  Creek.  This  place 
inoviiig  to  be  unhealthy,  he  was  induced  to  remove 
IVoin  there,  and  he  accordingly  purchased  a  farm  in 
the  Welsh  tract,  adjoining  the  present  town  of  New- 
ark, Del. 

.lohn  Fvans,  ,lr.,  married  .lane  Howell,  the  eldest 
daughter,  and  settled  at  the  mill  on  White  Clay 
Creek  in  1722.  He  died  April  14,  17,38,  and  his 
father  died. in  1740. 

Ill  17:;4,  .lohn  lOvans,  .(r,,  purchased  from  J.din 
F.vaiis,  Fs,|.,  of  Dciihigli,  in  Wales,  one  thousand 
acres  in  what  was  then  New  G.irdcn   township,  Ches- 

settled. 

By  his  will  John  I^vans,  Jr.,  gave  to  his  son  John 


EAST    DONEGAL   TOWNSIlll 


765 


tlie  homestead  (if  live  IiuiuIiliI  iures  and  the  grist- 
mill tliereuii.  To  his  sou  Ev:iii  lie  gave  fijiir  hundred 
acres,  with  fiilliiiL'-iiiill,  teiitur-yards,  etc.,  and  to  his 
SODS  George  iUid  I'eter  the  reiiiaiuiiig  six  hundred 
acres. 

The  children  of  ,lohn  ajid  .lane  Evans  were  Mary, 
born  17:;4,  wh<,  married  Kvan  Rice,  and  died  Jan.  20, 
1752;  Lydia,  born  1720;  .Inlm,  born  1728;  Evan, 
born  1732,  died  Oct.  22,  17'.l-l  ;  (ieorge,  born  17a4; 
Peter,  born  17olJ. 


were  Anna  M.,  Se|Jtinuis  E.,  Ella  M.,  Myra  B.,  Clara 
T.,  and  J.  Wilkin  Mvin.  A  portion  of  the  hind 
taken  up  by  John  Evans  in  1734  remains  in  possession 
of  mejnbers  of  this  family. 

Samuel  ICsans,  mhi  nf  ICvari  Evans,  was  bo_rn  at 
the  old  h.rmcM.^d  in  London  liritain.  July  14,  l/oS. 
While  in  iii^  minority  he  served  as  ensign  in  the 
Uevolnlionary  \\;ir  under  his  father,  who  was  colonel 
id'  a  battalion  of  militia  and  commanded  the  Chester 
County  militia  at  the  battle  of  Brandywine. 
.Z  John  Evans  (3d)  was  appointed  by  the  Supreme  j  Samuel  Evans  was  elected  a  member  of  the  General 
X  E.\ecutive  Council  "third  judge  of  the  Supreme  Assembly  in  1785, 178G,  1787,  and  17'J1.  Hewns 
Court  of  the  Commonwealth,"  Aug.  IG,  1777,  and  in 
October,  1783,  he  and  Gen.  Anthony  Wayne  were 
elected  to  the  Council  of  Censors.  He  died  prior  to 
Dec.  9,  1783. 

Judge  Evans  married  Mary,  daughter  of  liees  and 
Rachel  Jones,  and  had  several  children,  all  of  whom 
died  bef.M-e  him  except  Mary,  and  she  .Mirvivcd  him 
only  a  fi^w  years.  His  land,,  >rv,n  hundrc.l  and  nine- 
teen acres,  in  London  Britain  were  divided  between 
his  brothers  Evan,  George,  and  IV-ter.  His  daughter 
Mary  also  iidierited  four  hundred  and  sixty-seven 
acres  in  Pencader  and  White  Clay  Creek  Hundred, 
which  she  devised  to  lier  uncles. 

Evan  Evans  nnirried  JLirgaret,  daughter  of  Wil- 
liam Nevin,  and  bad  ten  ehildreii. 

George   Evans  stu.lied  medicine   in    Philadelphia, 

surgeon  of  the  Third  ISatlaliun  of  militia  of  the  city 
of  Philadelphia  on  the  Glh  day  of  December,  177ii. 
He  became  attached  to  C(d,  Bailer's  regiment  (d'  Vir- 
ginia troops,  and  manhedwiih  them  to  New  York. 
A    number   of  tlu-e    troops   were   Mirpri>ed    at   night 


da  great  X   Al 


was  Surge 


bay, 


one  of  the  associate  judges  of  the  Chester 
County  Court  in  the  winter  of  1793  by  Governor 
Thomas  iMifllin.  On  the  ICth  day  of  Aiiril,  1793,  he 
married  Frances  Lowrey,  youngest  child  of  C.>1. 
Alex.  Lnurey,  of  Donegal.  He  resigned  his  judge- 
ship, and  removed  to  the  homestead  of  Col.  Low  rey 
at  Marietta,  and  took  the  active  management  of  Mr. 
Lowrey's  farm.  They  had  a  large  family  of  children. 
Alexamler  w;,^  born  Feb.  S,  1704,  and  died  an  in- 
fant. Ann  We-t  wa-  born  Feb.  27,  17li5,  and  married 
the  late  Heiirv  MelClderry,  of  Baltimore.  Margaret 
was  born  Sepl'.  14,  17'.i7,  aii.l  married  Jae.ib  Zell,  son 
of  John  /ell,  E-.p,  who  resbled  in  Cliurclitown  in 
tlii-  c.iuntv.  (  riie  olde-t  of  their  children  was  Eliza- 
beth, «  bo 'married  John  \V.  Clark,  who-e  father  owned 
the  farm  now  owned  by  J.  Donal.l  Cameron;  and 
Tboma-o  Aller  hi,,  maniage  be  purel.a>ed  the  old 
homestead  firm  of  Col.  l.o«rey.  He  and  hi,  br.ither- 
iii-law,  Tboma,  Zell,  entered  into  the  lii.iibcr  and  coal 
business  in  Marietta.  He  sold  bis  farm  to  Col.  James, 
Duffy  in  1805,  and  removed  to  the  State  of  Delaware. 
He  died  in  Philadelphia  al)out  the  year  1867. 


der   was   b.un    March   22 


99.      He 


to  New 

York 

City,  and   pi 

he   rec( 

vered 

fr.mi    what 

wound. 

A  few 

y'ears 

after  the  wa 

wdiere  1 

e  ma 

ried.      Due 

Mr.  Mi 

ler,  w 

lo  became  (1. 

Anothe 

•daug 

Iter  niarrie.l 

ried  Ihinn 

(h  Sh 

vim.k, 

r,  daughter 

Slaymaker 

lale, 

IS:, lis 

buiv  towns 

had  but  o 

le  sol 

,   Sam 

lel,   born  J 

tbeol.l  ma 

larm  i 

le  with    Fl 

Tb 


sc.-ndai 
ill  llie 


the 


n  Monlgomery  County,  I  vani: 
'.     Thev  had  six  chil-      Duri 


have  risen  to  position, 
Peter  Evans  marru 
Wales,  and  settled  for 
where  he  practiced  n 
dren,— John,  Lydia,  Peter,  Dan 
Feb.  ],  1771,  and  Sarah.  Septimus  Evaiis  uas  twiee  .ju: 
married.  By  his  first  wile,  JIary  ^Morgan,  be  had  a  sul 
daughter,  Matilda,  who  m.irried  Dr.  Andrews  .Mnr-  '  div 
I,hy.  B;'  his  second  wile,  Aun  Whitting,  he  had  a  |  181 
daughter,  Sarah  Ann,  who  married  the  late  David  B.  ,  as 
Nivin,  of  London  C!rove,C:hester  Co.     Their  children  I  ter 


,nd  maiebed  uilli  his  regiment  lo 
1  November,  IMII,  be  was  commis- 
er  ol  llie  Fifth  liegiment  I'enu-syl- 
ilh  the  rank  (d'  first  lieutenant. 
gn  ill  Eastern  Virginia  in  1802  he 
e  biigade  and  took  charge  of  the 
iriment,  and  was  transferred  to  the 
iieiit,  and  for  eighteen  months  was 
ry  (d'  subsistence.  On  April  23, 
itcd  upon  JIaj. -Gen.  Warren's  stalf 
ary  id'  suiisistence.  He  was  mus- 
ibnrg  with  the  Fifth  Peniisvlvania 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Reserves  June  11,  lS(i4.     On  tl 


WlMr 


AIlL 


lan.- 

,.f  Sunhnn-,  Nmlli 

hiiIhtI 

my  l.e 

iln^t  tini*.',  Mi.-.s  (in 

i;c  Wa 

il  sev- 

eriil  cliildren.to  wi 

:   Sar: 

Wanl 

IJnidy;  Elii?:il)elli, 

who   in 

111:11- 

[X'li,  son  of  lion.  J 

,se|.l,  > 

^irroll 

Ple;u  Court  al    I,a 

iraslcr 

sent  "suhstilules"  to  tlio  army,      lie  was  eleetei 
eral  terms  a  justice  of  the  \ivmjv  in  llie  Snoml 
ot  Columhia,  ami   is  now  a  notary  |mblie.     lie 
riea    Mary    .-^hnrh,    (laughter   of    l!enjaniiii    W 
Phoch,  late  of  York,  Pa.     Tiiey  h:ul  three  ehihiren 
Fanny,  bom  April  17,  185'J.  died  Jan.  S,  181;.".;  Lilli 
S.,  born  Nov.  5,  ISUl  ;  Hamuel,   l.orn   Dee.  IS,  18 
died  Feb.  2,  1868. 

Jane  Howell,  born  June  23,  1800,  married  Jasper  |  Pa.,  after  lie  married,     (toveriior  Andrew  Shulze  ap- 
Slaymaker,   Esq.,  son  of  the  late  Hon.   .\mos  Slay-      jiointed  liim  Judge  of  the  Crawford  County  District. 


1   Co.,  Pa.      lie  marrieil, 

,,  by  whom    he   had   sev- 

who  married  Gen.  Pkigh 

lied  Jmlge  Henry  Sliip- 

ppeu,  judge  of  Common 

He  raised  a  company,  in 

■re    .lames     lluchannan    and    Jasper    Shiy- 

(1  marched  tu  ISallimore  in  1814.     He  read 

the  late  James   IPipkins,  and  was  admitted 

r   ill    1811.      He   removed   to   Huntingdon, 


maker,  of  Salisbury  township.  He  graduated  with 
high  honors  at  Dickinson  College^  Pennsylvania,  lie 
was  admitted  to  practice  at  the  Lancaster  bar  in  Islii. 
When  the  British  threatened  Baltinmre  he  volun- 
teered and  marched  to  Maryland  in  defen.se  of  his 
country.  He  was  a  ineiiiber  of  Assembly  for  the  years 
1817-18.  When  Lancaster  was  chartered  as  a  city  he 
WHS  appointed  the  first  iirosecuting  attmncy  of  the 
mayor's  court.  His  name  was  connected  with  m.my 
important  enterprises  started  Ui  dcvelnp  and  lo^rrrT" 
domestic  industries  and  the  construetinn  nt'  internal 
imiirovenients.  He  died  in  182li,  aged  thiity-ninr 
years.  He  left  a  widow,  Jane  II.,  wh.,  Miivives  and 
resides  in  Lancaster  City.  Tiieir  family  consisted  of 
Amos,  F.mny,  Samuel  Evans,  Jame,,  and  .laspcr. 
Of  Amo-  a  'sketri,  ai-pcars  in  t!;e  bench  and  bar 
chapter.  Fanny  married  Krv.  Si.bmion  .McNair,  a 
Presbyterian  mi  nister,  who  pie-ided  l.o'  many  years 
over  Middle  Octorara  Church,  in  I'.ail  township. 
Samuel  Evans,  born  in  1822,  entered  tli.'  ineieanlile 
business  at  John  N.  Lane's  store.  Soon  alter  he  at- 
tained  his   majority  he   ojiened   a  broker's  oflice  in 


He  died  Marel 

family.     Evan 

Forre.st,  whose 

John   Evans 


.d't  a  widow  and  a  large 
econd  wife  was  a  Jlrs. 
vas  Cowdeii. 
and   JlarL'aret  Evans, 


went  with  his  elder  brother,  Evan,  to  Sunbury,  with 
whom  he  studied  law,  and  after  being  admitted  to 
practice     removed     to     Wilkcsbarre.       He    married 

Eli/..ilHth  Walli-,  a  .sister  of  his  brother  lu-an'. 
Iir>t  wife,  by  whom  he  had  seven  children. 

""  Other  Prominent  Early  Residents.— Robert  Mid- 

dletoH  and  lii-  brotbeis,  (  leorge  and  William,  settled 
in  «l,at  i-  now  Maitie  towiiMiip  in  171:!.  Pobert 
came  to  I)onei;al  in  1710,  and  look  up  live  hundre.l 
a,-res  of  land  adjoining  the  glebe  land  of  Donegal 
Church  on  the  .soniliw'est.  He  died  in  May,  17:il, 
leaving  a  widow,  Maiy  (who  was  called  "  :\lary  Moth- 
erel"),  and  a  s(ni  .lobn  and  a  daughter  Jean.  After 
the  death,  of  Robert  .Middleton,  his  widow  took  out  a 

ably  lhe,sec(md  wile.d'  Koberl  M iddleton,  whose  son 
.lohii  and  daughter  were  grown  up  at  the  time  of  his 
death.     She  did  not  die  until  after  Uie  Revolntiim. 


Pliiladelphia,    ai 
since.     He  marr 


id    has   continued   in   that   business  ,  John  came  into  po.sse.ssion  of  the  entire  estate.     He 


Miss  Charlotte  Taitt,  of  P 


.lames  married  Miss  Wilson,  (d- Path  \ 
lin(.:o..  Pa.,  ami  atlerlhewar  he  remove 
(d'  Delaware,  near  the  town  of  D.uer. 
—  J.isper,  the  youngest  child  of  ,lasp 
Slaymaker,  removc.l  Iron.  Path  \-alk. 
thence  to  Sunbury. 

—  Evan  Rice,  son  of  Samuel  and  Frances  1 
born  Feb.  2(1,  1802,  receive.l  a  collegiate  edue 
and  was  admitte.l  to  practice  law  at  the  Lan 
bar  in  182:1.      He  died  in  Texas  in  l,S;i7. 

Elizabeth,  born  Dec.  ;i,  l.StKJ ;   died  Dec.  1,  1> 
Jane,  daughter  of  Evan  and  Margaret  Evans 

ried  Thomas  Hendersiui,  Esij.,  of  New  London, 

ter  Co. 

-  Margaret  nlarried  Mr.  (1; 
Ills  -on-  »e,e  e\tensisely  ei 
ture  of  siiulf  and  tobacco  lie, 

Evan   Rice   Evans,  brothc 
ceived  a  cidlegiate  education 


ilied  in  1782,  and  left  but  one 
ried  John  Whitehill,  .Ir. 
John  Wliiteliill,,lr",  Ihebe; 


nd    .lai 
Millli 


Mari 


,wn.hip,in. 


if   Philadeli 


bund 

ed  acres  of   1), 

ne-ab.   eboiiest    laml,  sitnatcl  a 

mile 
eonnl 

nortlie:isL    froi 

,     .Maytown.       He    was    elected 
in  l.sol,  and  served  three  vears. 

He  w 

IS  appoin'ted  j 

isiice  (d  the  peace  by  Governor 

Tlion 

.isMillliii.      11 

■  died  (HI  the  10th  day  of  Decem- 

ber,   1 

S(Ni,   aged    littN 

-three    yiars,   and   left  surviving 

liini 

lis  wife,    Marv 

and   the   following  children,  to 

'Ait  : 

lobn  .Mi.ldlcto 

1  (nss-lSCd),  who  married  Eliz- 

abeth 

Canu-roii  ;   .\i 

n   (I7S1    IS(IO);  Margaret  ( 1 706- 

1  s  1 1 ) 

married 

Mliowell;    Jane    (17in)-18-16), 

niarri 

■d    .lames  Wib 

on  ;   ,1  allies  (1786-lSGO),  married 

Mary 

Curreii    in    USl 

1  ;  and   David,  born  about  1790. 

Th, 
ioindi 

ed  acres  of  lan 

d  tor  .lames  Le  Tort  in  1719  nine 
1  abmg  the  river  from  one  to  three 

EAST    DONEGAL   TOWNSHIP.  ''67 

miles  abo-N^M^ielta;  Le  Tort  sold  the  Umd  loJ:uu..  ,  an,!  k-ll  ti.e  rulluwin^Hau,ily,  viz. :  Joseph,  Susannah, 
Logan,  who   lock   out  a  patent  for  it  Sept.  9,  1734.  j  John,   Th,„na.,   Williun,,    Itnbert,  iLirtha,   and   Re- 


Li  1747,  JaMK-s  Logan  gave  to  Peter  Haig,  of  Chil- 


ttlers, 


of 
mt 
iig- 
md 


eek 
net, 
leer 
S'il- 
uth 
ing 
1  he 
An- 
hil- 
ibly 
Mr. 
ved 


He 
the 
■  of 
tors, 
hael 
.sold 
liani 
hem 
An- 
)\vn- 
Vill- 
)rus, 
and, 
Ijen- 
ract, 
(ugh 
the 


EAST    DONEGAL   TOWNSHIP. 


767 


miles  nbdve  Marietta  ;   Le  Tort  sold  the  land  to  James      and  le 
Logan,  who   toi.k   o\it  a   patent    lor   it  Srpt.  'J,   17:i4.      John, 
la  1747,  Janie.  Lo-an  -ave  to   IVter  Hai-,  n(  Chil-      I.,,  ca. 
tenhani,  who   ha.l   been  Inn- in  his  service,  .,ne   hnn- 
dred  and   lilty-two  aeres  ol   tin,   land,  who,  in    174S, 
sold  to  James   Lowrey,  wh..  sohl   the  same   In  James 

in  17-lM,  >old  to  Jacob  (iraell  (Orove),  of  Miuiheim 
township.  In  1753,  (Jniir  sold  to  Jacob  Downer  for 
four  hundred  and  seventeen  pounds,  who  sold  part  of 
tlie  land  to  Cliristian  Kox.  Tbi*  farm  adjoined 
Christian  Garber,  Thomas  Mitchell  (Loj^g's  farm), 
and  Ulricb  Engle.  The  six  or  eight  farms  located 
helow^  the  Grove — Shock's  Run  extending  two  miles 
back  from  the  river— belonged  to  Le  Tort's  nine  hun- 
dred acres. 

Sanuiel  Fulton  was  one  of  the  pioneer  settlers,  and 
came  to  Donegal  in  17l'il  and  tonk  up  several  hundred 
acres  of  land  along  the  ■' n\d  Peter's  road,"  about  a 
Miile  north  .d'  MayK.wn.  ile  married  Elizabeth, 
(laughter  of  ( ieorge  and  Jean  Stewart,  who  settled 
near  Marietta.  Their  ehildreu  were  James,  John, 
and  Samuel,  and  one  daughter.  Samuel  Fulton  die<l 
in  17b(l. 

James  Harris  was  an  Indian  trader.  He  located 
upon  the  Le  Tort-Logan  tract  of  land,  about  a  ndle 
above  Marietta.  He  met  with  great  losses  in  the 
French  and  Indian  wars,  becoming  more  and  more 
involved  in  debt,  and  was  finally  thrown  into  jail  for 
debt  a  lew  years  |,ri..r  to  the  Revolutinn.  His  lands 
were  sold,  and  we  hear  im  nmie  of  him  in  Donegal. 

George  Stewart  eanie  from  the  north  (d'  Ireland  in 
1717  or  171J<,  and  located  near  theriver  in  East  Done- 
gal township,  and  took  up  three  hundred  and  tifty 
acres  oflaml,  upon  jjart  of  which  the  eastern  end  of 
^larietta  is  built.  Ho  belonged  to  and  was  a  very 
active  mejnber  of  Donegal  Church.  He  was  elected 
to  the  General  Assendjly  in  17:;o  and  1732.  In  1722, 
when  the  township  was  a  part  of  Chester  County,  he 
was  appointed  a  ju-tire  id  the  peace.  He  was  elected 
one  of  the  county  commissioners  in  1731,  Early  in 
the  winter  of  173:!,  wiiile  ,-erving  a~  a  member  of 
Assembly,  he  died  .-uddenly,  le.iving  a  lanjily  .,1  >ev-  settle 
eral   children.     .lohn,   being   the   oldest   son,  got    the  ,   took 


ilhjwing  family,  viz. :  Joseph,  Susannah, 
IS,   William,    li.diert,  Martha,   and  Re- 
l.erca. 

.\l|Xander  Me.Vutt  was  (me  (d'  the  pioneer  settlers, 
and  ean,e  to  Donegal  in  1722,  He  die.l,  leaviiig  f.uir 
children,-- ."\Iargaret  (who  married  Hugh  WilUon, 
who  resided  at  Donegal  Church),  Itobert,  James,  and 
•a  daughter,  who  married  Patrick  Hays,  who  lived  on 
Chikis  Creek,  and  was  one  of  the  first  lieutenants  in 
Col.  Lowrey's  battalion  in  1777. 

Robert  JIcFarland  ,sL-tlled  on  the  right  baid<  of 
Little  Chikis  Creek,  about  one  mile  south  of  Mount 
Joy,  in  172(».  He  died  in  175(1,  and  left  the  hdlowing- 
nained  children:  John,  .lo-^eph,  Kobcrt,  Rachel,  and 
Rebecca. 

James  Moore  settled  on  Chikis  Creek  in  1720, 
where  he  owned  a  large  farm.  He  also  purchased 
three  hundred  acres  of  land  adjoining  the  glebe 
lands  of  Donegal  Church  on  the  west,  which  he  gave 
to  his  son,  Ephraiin,  who  gave  it  to  bis  son,  Zacha- 
riah,  wdio  married  ^Liry  Boggs,  sister  of  Capt.  Alex- 
ander Boggs.  Zachariah  was  second  lieutenant  in 
Col.  Lowrey's  battalion,  and  was  in  the  battle  of 
Brandywine.  Hugh  Moore,  brother  of  Zachariah, 
died  in  17'J5,  and  left  wife  (Ann)  and  children,— 
.Nancy,  Jlary,  Rebecca,  and  Andrew, 
.  Nathaniel  Lytic  settled  on  Little  Chikis  Creek 
in  1722,  He  was  married  the  second  time  to  Jenet, 
the  widow  of  William  Wilkins,  one  of  the  pu,ueer 
Indian  traders.  He  came  into  [jossessioii  of  Mr.  Wil- 
kins' land,  situated  a  short  distance  above  the  mouth 
of  Little  Chikis  Creek.  He  died  in  1748,  leaving 
his  wife,  Jenet,  and  one  son,  John  Lytic,  to  whom  he 
gave  the  Wilkins  land.  J.dm  sold  "the  farm  to  An- 
drew Hershey.  He  was  compelled  to  jniy  the  chil- 
dren of  William  Wilkins,  and  get  .an  act  of  Assembly 
passed  to  give  him  authority  to  make  a  title  to  Mr. 
Hershey.  During  the  Revolution  John  Lytic  moved 
to  Middletown,  where  be  established  a  ferry,  and  from 
thence  nioveil  several  miles  above  Harris'  Ferrv, 
where  he  a^'aiii  established  a  ferry. 


the 


eeting- 


He 


Willi 


.MeClelhiiid 


Ml 


mansion  lann,  tor  ulinli  hr  to(,k-  out  a  patent  tor  [  gjelie  land  on 
three  hundred  and  lilty-,even  and  one-half  acres  in  1  .March,  173U,  le 
1731).  In  174'.)  he  sold  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres  [  in  173b,  sold  I 
(.1  the  tract  to  David  Cook.  McCleery,  who,  in  173;i, -old  to  .lames  Kerr,  w  ho  .-„U1 
Gordon  Howard  wa,  one  of  the  |.ioneer  Indian  to  Andrew  Kerr,  William  Will.son,  and  William 
traders,  and  settled  about  erne  mile  and  a  half  north-  Kerr,  This  land  was  held  in  common  between  thein 
cast  of  Donegal  meeting-house,  wdiere  he  look  up  -i.x  until  17()lJ,  when  tliey  divided  the  land  equally.  Au- 
hundred  acres  of  land.  His  trading-po>t  and  man-  drew  Kerr  (slnjemaker)  removed  t(j  Hanover  town- 
sion  stood  upon  the  land  <if  Mr.  .1.  Hershey,  ami  ship,  and  sold  his  share  cd'  the  land  to  William  Will- 
about  filty  yards  south  of  his  j. resent  dwelling.  He  son.  In  17N3  he  =old  to  Daniel  Staull'er,  <if  Codorus, 
was  married  two  or  three  times,  the  last  time  on  York  Co.,  I'a.  .lohn  Hoover  own,  part  of  this  land, 
April  IG,  1751,  to  Rachel,  the  widow  of  James  Ram-  |  and  the  State  hatching-house  occuided  a  part.  Gen- 
sey.  He  was  related  by  marriage  to  James  I'altersim,  \  eral  Simon  Cameron  also  owns  a  part  of  the  tract, 
the  old  Indian  trader.  He  was  electeil  county  com-  I  which  he  purchased  from  Samuel  Garber.  Hugh 
mhssioner  for  the  years  1735-37.     He. died  in   1754,  Willson,    brother    cd'    ^Villialn    Willson,    uwiic.l    the 


768.  ■  HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 

fiimi  ininiediiitt'ly  east  of  the  Garber  tract.     His  son,  abmit  two  iiuIl's  west  fnjin  Jlarietta.     His  son,  Cliris- 

HlijIi    Willson,   married    a   daugliter  ut'   Kev.   Colin  tian,  ]>iirel]ased  the  I'erry  and  about  sevenly-five  acres 

McFaniuahr.  of    hind.       For   many   years   it   ua^   beller  known   as 

Tiionuis  Ewing  was  liere  early  in  the  century.     In  "  Vitjcfrar's  Ferry." 

Novemlier,  1720,  Peter  Gardner,  of  New  Jersey,  took  Tlie    cliihh.  n     ol'    Christian    W'iniker,    .^r.;    were 

up  si.x  hundred  and  tliirty-si.\- acres  of  land,  extending  Henry,  Imrii    \7'A',;  ( 'hri-lian,  born  17'iS;   Flizab.-tli, 

u|i  the  river  from  Cliikis  ]{oek  about  three-l'ourtlis  .,f  born    17G0;    D^ivid,  l)oni    ITil:!  ;  George,  born   17(;.".  ; 

a  mile,  and  running  back  about  a  ndlc  an.l  nnc-f.urtb,  .lobn,  born  17bs. 

which  embraced  some  land  in  \Vest  Hemplield,  where  .-^anincl  Cook  was  the  son  of  David  Cook,  Sr.,  and 
r.i-  and  Little  Chikis  Creeks  unite,  and  also  about  the  brotlu-r  ol  David  Cook,  Esq.,  who  laid  out  New 
two  hundred  acres  between  the  two  creeks.  I'eter  Haven.  1  Ir  ^^•^id«■d  upon  a  plantation  his  fathergave 
conveyed  to  John  Gardner,  who  conveyed  a  portion  bini.  It  ua^  piul  of  the  land  taken  Ufi  by  Samuel 
of  the  land  to  John  liortner,  who  received  a  patent  Fulton,  and  \\:is  situale.l  on  the  old  Peter's  road 
May  29,  1733,  for  two  hundred  ai.d  thirty  acres  along  about  one  mil,-  lu.nli  of  Maytown.  He  married 
the  river,  who  sold  the  land  to  John  Ross  in  1734,  Anna,  daughter  of  .John  Alliscm.  Cook  was  a  jir^-tice 
wlio  was  sold  out  by  the  loan  commissioners  in  1738.  of  the  peace,  and  a  niendier  of  tlie  Ijegislature  in 
The  land  was  then  jiurchased  by  Thomas  F^wing,  who  1801.  lie  owned  several  slaves,  all  (.f  whom  he  man- 
in  the  previous  year  purchased  two  hundred  acres  of  I  umittcd  in  bi-i  will,  datcil  FS04.  His  sister  married 
the  tiardner  tract  a.ljoining  Ceorge  .Stewart's  land  on  J.im.s  W'ilUon,  wh..  |.iireh.ised  his  lann. 
the  ca-t.  I'pon  tbi^  land  tlu-re  are  now  two  grist-  Lndw  ig  l.indrmutli  wa.  a  Lnther.in.  and  came  from 
mills,  one  saw-mill,  five  anthracite  blast  furnaces,  Germany  in  IV.Ml.  (,)n  the  iM  day  oi  March,  17oL', 
one  rolling-mill,  and  the  eastern  extension  of  .M.iri-  he  purchased  a  larni  of  two  bnndred  and  si.k  acres 
etta.  .Mr.  Kwing  also  t.xik  out  a  j.atent  for  hiur  hull-  from  i;.)bcrt  McFarland,  who  removeil  to  Virgiida. 
drcd  acres  on  the  east  side  of  the  Swatara  at  Qiiila|.a-  'fhi,  larm  lay  along  Little  (.'bikis  Cn^ek  ab..ut  a 
hcla,  in  Leljanon  township,  in  1738.  Ewing  was  not  mil.'  south  of  Mount  Joy.  There  was  no  Fntbeian 
only  a  jiersoii  ol  large  moans,  but  was  also  one  of  the  Chtircb  in  the  lu  ighbm  hood,  and  he  attemlcd  clinndi 
most  intelligent  of  the  old  pioneer  .settlers.  He  mar-  rrgularly  at  LancaMer,  twelve  miles  away,  and  olten 
ried,  the  .^eccnid  timo,  ,<ii.aniia,  widow  of  .lame.  Put-  walked  there  an.l  back  again  the  same  day.  He  was 
terson,  the  Indian  trader.  They  took  out  a  patent  one  of  the  loiinder-  of  the  Lutheran  Church  at  May- 
for  three  hundred  aci.s,  surveyed  for  James  Patter-  town,  in  17ilo.  His  firm  adjoined  that  of  Thomas 
son.  it  was  located  in  ColR■^toga  manor.  I'lmg.in.  a  ^^-olcb- Iri^h  Presbyterian.  There  was  a 
Jame>,  oldest  son  of  Tlnmia^  F'.wing,  b,,rn  173li,  line  "spring  upon  the  lormcr'.s  land,  the  watrr  from 
who  b.eame  a  distinguished  general  in  the  Lev,, in-  w  hich  llowed  ibroiigl,  the  imadow  of  the  bitter  to  the 
tiomuy  war,  and  when  in  minority  .served  as  lieiiteii-  clock.  For  some  ua-oii  best  known  to  liims,.|t  .Mr. 
ant  in  Praddoek's  and  Gen.  Forbes"  armies  in  the  l.iiidemntb  undnlook  to  make  a  i.assage  tlirongb 
Indian  wars.  Ho  was  a  member  of  the  General  As-  solid  rock  along  tiie  edge  of  Ins  owil  land  to  conduct 
semby  ami  of  tin-  Council,  and  of  the  State  Senate  ,  the  water  friiin  his  spring  to  tin-  creek,  -\fler  he 
h.r  a  number  ol  terms.  He  died  in  ISOl".  at  his  plan-  I  had  expended  srvcral  hundred  pounds  in  the  undcr- 
talion  iiuar  Wright's  Ferry.  He  left  but  one  cliil.l,  a  '  taking,  .Mr.  Cliiigan  applied  to  the  court  f..r  relief 
daughter,  who  married  I  )r.  ,lidin  Ewing,  id' .Maryland,  and  it  compelled  .Mr.  Lindeinutli  to  turn  the  water 
John,  secmd  .son  of  Thomas  Ewing,  resided  in  irom  his  spring  to  it-  naliiral  channel.  Tlie  ditch 
Lancaster.  He  was  also  an  ollieer  in  the  Kevolu-  I  remains  there,  and  is  a  s,l,  nt  witness  t,,  his  tolly. 
tionary  army.  Mr.  Lindcmulh  died  m  1777,  leavin-  a  widow,  .Mar- 
John  Kelley  settled  upon  the  land  adj,.iiiing  that  gaivt,  and  chiblivn,- .lobn  Piter,  (ieoige,  .Martin, 
part  laid  out  into  t..wn  lots  by  .Mehalfy,  Lnlfy.and  Ann  .Mariraretla,  Faiist,  and  fJizabclh. 
I'edan  at  the  western  ,iid  id  .Marietta  in  1740.  It  i  )n  the  l' lib  day  of  .\  pril,  17i;i,  Herman  Long  pur- 
c.mtained  one  hundred  and  lorty  acres.  In  I7bi;liis  chased  limr  bundled  and  -ixty-nine  acres  ,,f  land 
.son,  Andrew  Kelley,  conveyed  the  farm  to  .lames  Inmi  William  Sinilh  ( who  to.d.-  .mt  a  |.atcnt  A|iril  1:;, 
Bayley,  Esq.  John  Kelley  left  the  following-named  17i;i),to  wbi'.li  be  added,  on  Dec.  24,  ns.l,  eiglily 
children:  Andrew,  William,  who  was  elected  sheriir  acres  of  land,  purchased  from  the  estate  of  Jidin 
in  1777  and  1778,  wlio  was  also  a  jiLstice  of  the  peace,  .-^tayman.  ( )n  ibe  24th  day  of  December,  1785,  John 
He  resided  about  one  and  a  half  miles  west  from  I  Haldcmau  an.l  J.ihn  Prenneman,  the  executors  ..f 
.M.nint  .loy  on  the  turnpike.  He  married,  the  first  John  Stehman,  .lecease.l,  s.il.l  thn-e  hnn.lr.Ml  an.l 
time,  Susanna  .Viulers.m,  who  was  a  daughter  of'  thirty-si.x  .acres  .if  lan.l  t.i  ll.rman  L.mg,  b.in-  llu' 
Tin. mas  .Vmlcrson.  II.-  married,  the  second  time,  '  same' land  wlii.-h  (  hristiaii  Pr.iu-man  ami  Susannah 
Margaret,  .laughter  of  .Vbraham  Scott.  Elizabeth,  [  conveyed  to  tin  ir  s,,n-i,i-law,  .l.ilin  Stehman,  May  7, 
daughter  of  Thomas  Ewing,  married  Robert  Hannah.  17ril.  This  lan.l  exu-inl.-.l  al.mg  the  Maytown  an.l 
Christian  Winiker,Sr.  (Vinegar),  came  to  Donegal  i  liainbridge  roa.l.  Herinan  L.mg  died  in  1810,  an.l 
township  about  the  year  17.'iO,  and   rented  the  ferry  i  left    the   following    chihlren,  viz.:    John,    Christian, 


EAST    DONEGAL   TOWNSHIP 


769 


.li,  Jacob,   IW 


Herman,   Abraham,  J 
and  Elizabeth. 

Richard  Keys  settlt-d  aliout  tlie  iiiiddlr  ot  tlie  la^t 
century  near  Big  Cliilv-i.s  Creek.  In  1777  his  laiiiily 
consisted  of  liis  wife  and  the  follouiniiiiainiMl  chil- 
dren: Ann,  Polly,  Margaret.  There  al-o  lived  in  the 
fiiniily  Andrew  JlaTichean. 

There  was  also  a  Jaines  Kcy.s  in  his  family,  who 
was  probably  his  father.  In  1778  he  rented  Ander- 
son's Ferry.  He  also  purchased  one  hundred  acres 
of  land  two  miles  farther  U]>  the  river,  where  he  also 
established  a  ferry  in  1779.  In  the  same  year  he  jmr- 
chased  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres  of  Pev.  Josi-ph 
Tate's  farm,  near  Maytown.  lie  married  Mary, 
daughter  of  James  Bayley,  throuf:h  whom  he  came 
into  possession  of  the  one-fourth  ol'  one  hundred  and 
seventy  acres  of  land  at  the  moulli  of  Cnnewand 
Creek,  where  he,  in  connection  with  James  Hopkins 
and  his  brother-in-law,  laid  out  tiie  town  of  Fal- 
mouth in  1792.  He  was  elected  to  the  Legislature 
for  the  years  179G,  1797,  1798,  and  1709. 

Christian  Bueher  came  from  Switzerland  to  avoid 
religious  persecution.  He  was  a  memher  of  the  Men- 
nonite  persuasion.  He  located  among  the  Mennon- 
ites  in  the  western  part  of  Donegal  township  about 
the  year  1700.  On  the  oth  day  of  April,  17G8,  he 
married  Frena  (Frances),  daughter  of  Melchoir  Bren- 
enian.  On  Aiiril  17,  1768,  the  latter  conveyed  to 
him  a  tract  of  land,  and  on  the  2Gtli  day  of  April, 
1774,  he  conveyed  to  him  another  tract  adjoining  the 
first.  This  land  was  taken  up  and  settled  liy  William 
Bryans  in  1720.  The  first-mentioned  tract,  where 
Jlr.  Bueher  had  his  homestead,  is  now  owned  by 
John  HoUinger.  The  old  Peter's  road,  which  e.\- 
tended  from  the  eastern  end  of  the  county  to  Conoy, 
ran  through  both  of  these  farms.  The  road  leading 
from  Maytown  to  Elizabethtown  al?o  ran  through  the 
land,  which  is  about  one  mile  and  a  half  from  the 
former  place.  They  had  the  following-named  chil- 
dren :  Annie,  born  Jan.  18,  17G9;  Elizabeth,  born 
Nov.  1,1770;  Frances,  born  Dec.  3U,  1772;  Christian, 
born  March  19,  1775;  Mary,  born  Nov.  22,  1777; 
John,  born  Jan.  15,  1780;  Martin,  Joseph. 

At  the  close  of  the  Revolutionary  war  a  number  of 
mechanics  from  Chester  County  and  other  secti(jns 
in  the  eastern  part  of  the  State  found  their  way  to 
this  county,  seeking  work.  Among  the  number  was 
a  young  Quaker  stone-mason  named  Taylor,  who 
came  from  Chester  County  to  Maytown.  Mr.  Bueher 
was  about  to  erect  two  large  "  bank"  barns  and  a 
still-house,  and  there  Mr.  Taylor  found  ready  work. 

While  thus  engaged  in  the  construction  of  Jlr. 
Bucher's  barns  he  boarded  witli  the  family.  An  at- 
tachmenfgrew  up  between  Annie,  the  oldest  daugh- 
ter, and  the  young  <iuaker.  Mr.  Bueher  suspected  as 
much,  and  lie  cautioiieil  her  and  ex|)res3ed  his  dislike 
to,  and  forbid  her  marrying,  a  mechanic,  especially 
one  who  was  of  Ejiglish  descent.  This-  o|>j)ositiiin 
only  intensified  the  love  between  the  young  collide. 
48 


a  few  days  Annie  was  missing  from  her  usual 
ice  at  the  breakfa^l-lalile,  ami  it  was  noticed  that 
.■.  young  inas(Jii  ha.l  lu.l  gone  to  work  as  usual, 
iijg  anxious  and  sus|)ecting  that  all  was  not  well 
til   bis  daughter,  he  went  to  the  stable  and  found 


th^ 


his  favofite  horse  gone  and  Annie's  side-sadd 
called  in  vain  to  Mrs.  Bueher.  "Wo  ist  Anni 
the  truant  lovers  were  married  the  same  da; 
marriage  turned  out  to  be  a  happy  one. 

Their  son   was  the   father  of  Bayard  Tayl 
traveler,  author,  poet,  and  diplomatist. 

Mr.  Bucher's  second  daughter,  Elizabeth,  married 
John  ISrandt. 

Cleorge  Pkimer  was  the  son  of  Jonathan  Pkimer, 
who  was  commissary  of  Gen.  Braddock's  army,  and 
was  also  eomniissary  under  Gen.  Forbes  in  1757-58. 
After  that  general  took  ])ossession  of  the  ruins  of 
Fort  Du  Qucsne,  he  seems  to  have  remained  in  the 
neighborhood  of  Fort  Cumberland,  Md.,  and  Fort 
1  Pitt;  he  married  Miss  Anna  Farrell,  and  took   his 

family  west  of  the  mountains  in  the  year  1701. 
i       He  juirchascd  an  interest  in  some  land  at  "Two- 
Mile  Run"  from  George  Croghan.     By  permission  of 
Col.  Henry  Boquet  he  built  a  cabin  and  made  many 
I  improvements  upon  this  purchase.     In  that  cabin,  on 
1  Dec.   5,  1702,   George    Plumcr,    the   subject   of   this 
!  sketch,  was  born.     It  is  thought  that  he  was  the  first 
wdiite   child   of   English    parents   born    west   of  the 
mountains.     He    made    this   settlement    before    Col. 
]  Boquet  had  conquered  a  peace  with  the  Indians,  and 
before  the  proprietors  obtained  by  purchase  the  title 
from  the  Indians  and  placed  the  same  in  the  market 
I  lor  sale  to  actual  settlers.     His  son  George  grew  up 
I  to    be    a   noted    scout    and    hunter.      He    married 
.Margaret,    the    third    daughter   of   Col.    Alexander 
Lowrey,  who  gave  them  a  large  .tract  of  land,  upon 
'  which  they  settled  and  erected  a  saw-  and  grist-mill, 
I  at  the  mouth  of  Sewickley  Creek,  in  Westmoreland 
County.     Mr.  Plumer  was  elccte.l  to  the  Legislature 
in   the  years   lNi2,   181:;,   ISM,   1S15,  and    1817.     In 
1820  he  was  elected   to  a  scat  in  Congress,  and  re- 
!  elected  in  1822  and  1824.      He  entered  the  legislative 


Kills  in  his  " 
,f  a  backwoc 


DUcksk 


III. 

w. 

sa 

s,,I 

endid  specimen 

1  ll 

he 

14 

Ith 

h    . 

la 

'0 

of  Nove 

1818, 
iil.er. 

.M 

rtl 

a 

)e 

ui,    of   In 

liana 

1, 

( 

e.,r 

ami    Ma 

garct 

Mr 

>vai 

der 

.1 

ihii  C,  L; 

zarns 

.-<a 

all 

W 

ill 

am,   Ehz. 

beth. 

County.  Ihe  cl: 
Plumer  were  Jomi 
Lowrey,  Mary,  N 
Rebecca. 

Frederick  Bauer,  the  head  of  this  family,  wi 
number  of  other  Lntlicrans,  located  about  one 
west  of  Maytown    soon    allcr    it  was    laid    o 

tract  of  nine  bundled  .irie>.  In  the  year 
added  fifty  acres  to  his  farm,  which  he  ]> 
from  Rudolph  Soudcr,  and  in  the  year  1779 
chased   the   farm  adjoining  Maytown  on  tl: 


Ai  be 


ionge 


to  the  Re 


Tate.     Hi 


;-Lo-,n 

rchased 
he  i)ur- 
;  north, 

i  family 


770  HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


coiisi-tcd  ~i(  seven  daughters  and  two  sons, — M:ii,'(l:i  the  soil  cultivated,  their  beautiful  meadows  irrigated, 
loii;i,  Siwaii,  Christina,  Catharine,  Elizabeth,  Mary,  and  more  comfortable  and  larger  farm  buildings 
■  Ann  .loliii,  and  Frederick.  erected,  their  owners  liccame  uneasy  about  their 
.Ma-dalcna,  horn  July  10,  17G:i  ;  marrio.l,  the  first  lan.l  titk-s.  The  Rev.  James  Anderson,  the  minister 
tiii.r,  . I. ,1,11  (iailbach.  Their  scjii,  Jacob,  removed  to  who  preached  at  Dorjcgal  Clinrch,  was  very  anxious 
riiil.id,  l|.liia,  where  he  died  aged  seventy-two  year>.  about  the  wjlfare  of  hi,  lii,_-nds,  and  he  urged  tliem 
.■^li.  Ill, (I  I II  d,  as  her  second  husband,  Caleb  Way,  who  to  make  terms  uilh  ibi-  iiroprietors.  He  made  a 
lud. .„:;,.. 1  to  a  Quaker  family,  and  was  the  son  of  number  of  visits  to  I'liiladclpbia  to  .see  James  Logan 
Cahdj  Way,  who  kept  tavern  on  the  old  road  Icadin-  and  llic  loan  coininivMnn.  is  upon  this  subject, 
from  Lancaster  to  l^hiladelphia,  at  Wagonlown,  in  Sainml  r.lnn-t.m,  i,-Lii-iir  (d' the  county,  was  ap- 
Chester  County.  Mrs.  Way  married  a  third  time,  pointed  by  Thomas  IN, m  in  April,  1736,  "  deputy  sur- 
lier husband  being  John  Ruth,  wdio  kept  tavern  in  a  veyor  for  tin-  toun-.lii|i~  of  Dtrry,  Hemplield,  Done- 
while  frame  house  on  the  street  leading  from  the  gal,  and  Leb:inoii,  '  jlr  was  ,,ii  intimate  and  friendly 
puldic -piare  in  Maytown  to  Marietta.  The  house  is  terms  with  the  -etlhi-  m  Donegal,  and  he  went 
stamlin;.:,  but  used  as  a  private  residence.  .lulni  Itmh  among  them,  and  alt.  a  Inaring  their  grievances  and 
died  in  l>oX,  and  Mrs.  Ruth  died  in  January,  IslC.  consulting  with  .Mr,  .\iidcr-un  and  other  leading  set- 
Laid.  Way  built  and  owned  tlie  stone  dwelling  at  tiers,  drew  up  "  in  laliall  ..f  the  inhabitants  thereof  a 
the  northwest  corner  <d'  tlia  square  in  Maytown,  ad-  scheme  tor  ap|.ia-inj  tlir  tumults  and  animosities 
joiidn-  Trederick  Oailbach's  tavern.  ILrc  Kcbc-ca  among  them."  Ln^an  and  the  loan  commissioners 
Wav  wa-  bnni  in  the  year  ]7W.  .Viler  the  death  of  agreed  to  the  terms  suggested  by  Mr.  IMunston,  and 
her  -i-tei  -be  went  to  ('lic-ter  I'niinty  to  attend  accordingly  a  bundle  of  blank  warrants  was  sent  uj) 
scliii'il.  and  when  vi-itin;,'  Ijimds  met  ,Mr.  Taylor,  the  to  him,  to  be  tilled  up  at  Ins  discretion,  which  trust 
s,ei  ..\  Ml,  Taylor  and  .\nnie  Lucher.  They  wre  be  widely  exeni-rd,  and  happily  all  differences  be- 
altciuaid-  m.airied,  and  thus  another  link  bound  a  Iwccn  the  s^-ttler-  and  ll.r  jnoprietors  were  adjusted, 
damjliiir  of  l),>nrgal  to  a  Chester  County  family,  flic  Inllnwin-  lettci -,  u  ritlen  during  the  period  of 
The-e  were  the  jiarents  of  Rayard  Tayhn-.  these  troubles  by  Tliom.i-  I'enn  ami  others,  gives 
Hugh  Wilson  was  the  son  of  Hugh,  and  was  horn  >,.me  idea  of  tin-  dillnnliir-  that  were  adjusted: 


lOl/.L 


near  Donegal   Church.     He   married   a   dan-bter  of  ,^.,    ,     ,.    _ 

Rev.   CMin  McFarquahr,    and   nioved    to   .Maytown, ■•  ,.i„.,;uEu.,„.<.-.3a  Ja,,',,  n. 

sid.'  of  \V,-,t  King  Str.a't,  between   Penn  Square  and  l!ZZ',i''':t'y'vl!^^^^^^^^^ 

rriina-  ,<ii,-et,  m  b^lo,  from  Jacob  Krug,      He  kept  a  '-i-r-  <l,.,.  s,  „i,  ,„.  m,  v  i „  .-Ou-,.  «.,.t  w.u.uut  th.,,1 

stage   lines.     In   1,^15  he  became  very  much   einbar-  .\ii  i-t  ..m -n.- ii„  i„  i  ,  .m  i>.  i  ^i .  i  ,iii  ,iii,«cr  nsv.pui.lutoUH 

ras=ed  and  sold  the  proiierty  to  Andrew  Boggs,  nier-  i..niui,o  must  la.  nnni  ih.' Sn  w. .,  nnu- uM  Frieaa  imiy  imvedo 

chaht,  ,Moi   .d'  ('apt.   ,\lc.xander  Roggs,  of  Marietta.  "'"'  ""■  J">""'  "'  H'J- K"'1.  ..vmn-,  i„r  u,e  Sp^Jy  sdu't  of  i 

There  arc  some  of  Mr.  Wilson's  descendants  living  I^i'^^^?!'!,!' !wl"'7"'l'h!u  mll'llu  vZiuiirimp^^^ 

in   Winding,  West  \-a.      !!,■  was    in    his   day  one    .d'  l.uM 
the  lun-t  prominent  tavcrnd;er|KTs  in  the  cuimty,  ■■'■'"  '">■  '—  ■'"■""  '■'■'"-  'iv^-- -""<"<  f™"  •!"''  Town,. 

Antliniiv    Haines    married    Sn>anna,    dan-liter    of  ^Vnui!'!  i'r/i''i'''T''r,,i!r'i 'liin  ''!'Hu^!^^^^ 
Frederick   liaurr.      He  was   a  pnnninent  and  inllnrn-         -li'i^'-suilL^-x.iiiuZ     "    '""' 
tial    citi/rii.      He    imnha-cd    Mr.    .Viidcr-m,',    farm,         ••r.ilu  1 1  i,.,n,y  si.-,l  i,n  a,  i,-, 

died   in    IS14,  leaving    a  whlow  and    live   children, —  ii„.h..i  in.i-i  !,.■  iimi  Hav  ]i;iiii, .  i  im.  r,-i  i,,i  Hh   i>,  i,,,,  «iur 

Henry.  Frederick,  Charlotte,  Susannah,  and  JLiria.  •■m-'''-'  ^i-.n  -  ■  >■■■  i  "^     i ,. .la  .  , n-...  „'■„.  ,ii. 

Laiul   Titles.— The    irregular    and     unauthori/.ed  "'  >'"- '■ '"-^  i'>i'^|-'.' '-ji''' ''^^i 'i  ■"•y '  i^'-iY''''  ''^  ,' ' 

manner   in    which   the   [doiiecrs   to.ik    np   tlicir   lan<l  .■!'"Va,'!,',"i'Ih!'ij?,l\V!!m,     '''"''   '"  '"""' 


gr: 


land,  and  occasionally  persons  exerci-ed   a  sipnitt 

laiiil  «.i-   I  laimrd   b\   others,  attempted  to  hold   ] 
scs-ion   li\-  force.     They  were  generally  ejected,  tl 

turned   oiil    to   seek   shelter   as   best  they  could, 
year-    n.lbd   by  and    their  laud  became' cleared 


EAST   DONKGAL   TOWNSHIP. 


VDCnte,  A  tliun  lin»t  i-ugiigeil  to  s.ilicit  tlwir  Call^e,  I  shall  coiiaeiit  tlmt 
either  of  the  twu  PiojiuSiila  hliiill  l.u  acc.'ptod  of,  piovi.lej  the  uioiioy  is 
puid  the  lil-st  Dny  of  Miuch  next,  oi-  that  Intm^t  aliall  Lu  paid  from 
that  tinio,  and,  as  Jainw  Ahilereun,  in  hii  Lett  I3  to  J.  Lo-a.i,  i.iopos'd 

to  pay  six  pounds  ten  Shillilifa  a  linod'd  a's,  i  a  penny  ""  ■^"i  (Jt  R'. 
tlie  Money  i  Kent  to  l.o  pd  as  the  otliei   Sluneys  aiv,  the  Qt  lit 


"llavlnK  said  «  hat  is  necessary  in  answer  to  thy  Letter,  I 

hall  on 

osire,  as  far  as  thuu  can>t  have  opportunity,  I  may  be  infornie 

1  of  wli 

s  done,  i  am, 

"  Thy  very  loving  Friend, 

,                                                                                        "Thoma 

s  Tesn. 

■'  P.  S.  The  I'ersoM,  to  %vl,om  the  Terms  are  to  l.o  offei  ed  aho 

old  dete 

line  how  to  h.d,l  l„  r-re  the  hr-t  Day  of  Mar.  next." 

Thomas  Penn  (o  J.  iVias/.aH. 

"l>H.l.A.,22Xb 

r,  1733. 

"  Mv  GuMD  1  FlurND,-\Vith  Kieat  pleasure  I  reee'd  tliy  letter 

ftheU 

]ist,  and  muih  approve  of  thy  Ihoughls  in  regard  to  the  Iris 

Settle 

laving  heen  ahvaxs  of  opinion  that,  tho'  thoy  mi-lit  over  the 

r  Cups, 

vheu  encouraged  one  hy  another,  make  strange  Resolution 

s,  yet  11 

nil,  except  tlie  most  scncel.-ss  would  on  further  Considering, 

nJon  t 

Vpproacli  of  persons  of  authority,  change  their  former  seiili 

lents,  u 

as  their  opposition  could  in  the  end  o.ily  turn  to  their  Dest 

uclion. 

dcserve.s  my  thanks,  and  as  thou  hast 
veying  tbo  Tovvn.hipuf  L.  banon,  I  . 


tnence  from  ye  1st  Day  of  Mar.  next.     I  have  enclosed  a  Letfr  to  the    I    "'3'  Le.ter,a  Deputation  to  be  n, 

'    -vilt  survey  the  Lauds  of  that  I.i 

vhich  the  Teims  may,  in  a  very 


of  a» 


This 

Proposal  is  by  theni  made 

without  mentioning  anything  of 

lOs, 

time  fur  pinuris,  for  « 

lich  Reason  I  have  not  s.iid  an. 

*''  '" 

11,  11,1,  II,  ,,  ■-  »,.Mie  hav 

i:  1        ,               !,■  Mifflciel 

'.      ii-  may  1 

e  had  the  p.omi,e  ol  it,  I  »lioul. 
.  so  nnule.     .\s  to  the  Co, one 

K.  II 

,1  i,,i  .1  1.  ,,.  ih,iuhasta 

.|Uainted  tlic'  People.     If  lliou  h 

then 

Ihcy  an-  to  pay  '  ,,y  an  .\ 

from  next  Mar.,  there  can  bono 

toal 

,te,but  I  think  the  people 

of  Sawatara  were  informed  hy  th 

shui 

dl.av  neither  Bent  or  In 

erest  for  about  4  years.     Of  this 

cert, 

in,.Vif  thou  hast  not  al, 

eady  given  the  Kent  up,  I  desile 

t   11 

lowunce  of  Time,  I 

tl 

s   ti 

ne 

nu.v  be  a  means  for 

de 

s  ol 

th. 

,r  Country  Men   to 

" 

ght 

oil 

erwiso  be  inhabited 

VI 

il',!; 

,'„;' 

thro' James  Logan, 

Ic 

,fr. 

he  Setthnient  being 

",', 

I.,,  the  p,,rticul 

'Tlr^'c' 

Treatment 
veitsoniB 

1 

Mt 

,idir<  to  aeco't 

if  neeessa.y;ifnot 

»e 
h 

ta 
I  n 

g  some  of  the 
uther  consider 

easures  fo 
hief  iigre 
d/.ed  of  b 
it. 

r  putting  a 
the  Chief 
itahiG  sca- 

'a 

1  w 

oive  the  rleasi 
nni  pr.iy  give 

•e  of  seei 
my  Uespe 

g  my  good 
Ota,  and  be 

••ThyAIT'te 

Friend, 

"THOilA 

Pens." 

i 

;/>" 

(,)  lite  froprielo 

"  I  havesome  thoughts  of  being  aoou  in  the  Neighbourhood  of  Ceorgc  J  "  '^^  ,,""'"'','      ' 

Aston,  but,  while  the  .\ssembly  .sits,  it  will  not  be  pr.iclicalde.     S e-  ^"'  '"''  ''■"^''    '"'='' 

time  before  I  set  out  I  will  acipiaiut  the  Day  I  sh,,ll  he  there,  that,  if  ^^|'^"  j  ",'„^  j']','','  ' 

"Zachariah  ISntcher  was  with  mo  yesterday,  tt  brought   two   Jlen, 

nanna,  4  oaid  that  Ihon  hast  directed    them   to  apply   to  nio  bo    Unec- 

tions  how  to  proceed,  whii  hi  could  scarro    believe,  because   the  way,  I    '  ■•  srr.N  ros,  ;o,n,  ,or  ■  ,,>u-a.  noon. 

suppose,  is  plain,  and  the  Persons  should,  on  application  toaMagisliale,    <  "If  the  Proprietor  please  to  take  notice  of  Ja   Anderson,  Mu.lsfr  o: 

giveai:  the  Countenance  &  A-sistance  as  a  Magistrate   lo  oui   (ilbc.  is  ,    1"  vigorous  resululions,     lie  jii,t   called  on  me  wlieii  I  was  much  en 

which  they  can  legally  demand,  *  that  Care  may  be  taken  to  mil.c  K\-  gaged,  i  I  expected  lo  «■  c  liiiii  aguii,  hilt  .oiild  not.    I  »llllp",^c  he  goe 

umples  of  2  or  3  of  Ihe  most  forward  of  those  fellows,  to    wholi    loid   I  n"t  out  of  town  'lill  to-iii-no«   i,i,,i  oiiig,  .<:  Ihat  he  then  will  w  then 

shall  speak  to  the  Att'y  Gen'l  to  as-ist  when  He  g,.e<  11].  to  i,.ni  I'ouit,  Lifl,  if  not  olherwise  bindeicd 

of  Laud  surveyed  formerly  tons.  ..  j    l^^,,^^  m 

"Thy  Letter,  by  Isaac  S.iuu.hrs,!  have  received,  and  rcferid  tlie 

Matter  to  thy  Self  i  Elislia  Gatchel,  lo  whom  1  have  aUo  wrol,'.  .V   ui  AUegianCC  tO  tlie  PrOVillCe.— -M'tlT  tllL'  Waf  ol'  till 

out  to   the  Settlens  over  the   liivor,  which   He  got  from   them   again,  ,    allegiance  <->(  the    l.l.Xulilcs  ill   this  ju  iJMllCtiull.       Ful 

makes  it  neces-ary  for  Ilia  to  desire  thou  wilt  get  in  all  thou  canst,  i  if  lo„.i„g    j^    a    cuiiy    iif    tile    form    of  oath    ll,sed    ill    till 

Georges,  iu  whose  Olllce  they  must  he  entered,  &  then  ridacMMlo;  lien-  ,       "  I  do  swear  or  anirm  that  I  renounce  and  ^refuse  all  allegian 

Jamin.who  will  give  Copys,  with  Orders,  to  the  Surveyor  A   k.  cp  llo-  '•    George  the  Third,  King  i  ' "    "   "         '  "             

plying  never  having  the  Custody  of  the  Waiiant  unless  be  is  iiilrosled  .    of  Penn.ylvaiiia  as  a  liei 

to  carry  it  from  one  office  to  tbo  other.  '    any  tiuie  do  or  cause  to  I 


HISTORY   OP   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


diclal  or  Injuiioua  to  I 

e  freedom  and  Independency  thereof  as  declared 

yla<;a.si  ITth. 

by  Cungiess,  and  lll«o 

that  I  will   discover  and   make  known  to  some 

George  J,.mison. 

B.arnabas  Haiiley. 

OEisJusliceof  thulVai, 

0  of  the  said  State,  all  Treasons  and  Traitorous 

Aiujxisl  10///. 

(^..►liinici>-M«l,idi    I 

low  know,  or  hereafter  shall  know  lo  be  found 

James  Karr. 

Abraham  Stopher.      ^■ 

ai-.iil.»trtis,.raiiy  of  1 

e  Unit,  d  Stales  of  America." 

August  -nth. 

Following  is  a 

list  of  those  persons  wlio  took  the 

G.orge  Vance. 

William  Patterson.      " 

oath : 

' 

Seiilemher  M. 

Jutii  1,  1777. 

Peter  Charleton. 

Kobert  McKay. 

Thomas  Has^on. 

ictileiiiier  \5th. 

Willi.iui  Kdloy. 

I'elur  Dllle. 

Robert  Cniit-. 

r.odger  McFeilly. 

David  Hays. 

Joiin  F.mlKe. 

Oclob.rllli. 

James  Anderson. 

July  iA. 

James  Fnllon, 

G 

eorge  Crnikslnink. 

William  WiU.on. 

Fied,,„k  Hurrinan. 

Octnlier  8H. 

\Jiihj  :.»,. 

Henry  Honii. 

Henry  Smith. 

John  ll.ller. 

OcloUr  nth. 

Jn,j  m. 

Patrick  Brown. 

Joseph  Feiloner. 

John  Hays. 

M.irtin  Gerehart. 

Abraham  Fnrry. 

Samuel  Wier. 

Samuel  Lockard. 

Mil  low,. 

October  Utli. 

Simon  Eberly. 

Jacob  Dundore. 

2dL 

cut.  Zaihurmh  Moore. 

Ullery  Danner. 

J:ii,j  nci,. 

Capt.  Thomas  Robinson. 

John  Anderson. 

October  23d. 

John  Bells. 

Jacob  Shirenian. 

•  John  Young. 

C,.pt.Abral,uu,Sco 

Ocfoler  25;;,. 

Mi,  VM. 

Richard  Allison. 

William  Scott. 

Jumes  Moorehead. 

Novauber  1st. 

John  Allcman. 

William  Miller. 

Ml/  2011,. 

John  Willson. 

William  Mcliurg. 

Lieut.  James  Cunningham. 

A'or.  iiiber  .id. 

Uugh  McCrolcben. 

Knbert  Cunningham. 

Joseph  Tyson. 

Tli.ima»  Fry. 

Alex.u.der  McClnre. 

-  Thomas  llenderaon 

yocmber  Stic. 

My  2Uh. 

Joseph  Little. 

Col.  Alexander  Lu^ 

rcy.                           Hector  McLaiu. 

.Voremt.r  lu(/.. 

James  Anderson,  J 

Jo.seph  Jones. 

William  Tate. 

Ale.xander  Porter. 

Enoch  Hastings. 

Ml/  -iM. 

NoremWr  Hill,. 

Frederick  Kelloy. 

William  Itoss. 

GilbeitCl.irk. 

Caj.t.  Jolin  Miller. 

Hon.  Joliu  B.iyly. 

Robert  Connel. 

.Yoet.ater   17(/i. 

Maj.  Jacob  Uouk,  Esq.                             Clirislian  Hare. 
Ensign  Walter  Boll.                                 Willian.  Hunter. 

John  B.trien. 

Ilai.iel  Erelmrt. 

Robert  Balance. 

Joseph  Wolf,  Jr. 

Xocember  ISWi. 

David  Buyd. 

James  Gibbons.  , 

Randel  Mcflure, 

Michael  Dehr. 

Edwa„l  Lynch. 

John  Gaiter. 

George  Muhallatan. 

Peter  Groosdover. 

John  Crnikshanks. 

Frederick  Slip. 

John  Gonier. 

December  \iilh. 

Robert  Caviu. 

Benjamin  Walker. 

Nathaniel  McGirr.    - 

Samuel  Smith. 

John  Conn. 

Lc.nard  Peter.-. 

DiividSc.lt. 

Abraham  Ueam. 

Matihew  Swan. 

Fre.lerick  Gilbuugh. 

Joseph  I.einoju. 

George  Bower. 

Thonnis  Anderson. 

Capt,  .losei.h  Work. 

Hugh  Feblen. 

Philip  Brenner. 

David  Cook,  Jr. 

Capt.  Andrew  Bug^a. 

David  Sen.i.lo. 

ISeal  Welch. 

Matthew  Iliddle. 

Capl.  Hugh  I'edan. 

James  Milchell. 

Edward  Waterson. 

Thoiinu  I'hililM. 

Capl.  Abraham  Scott. 

Thorn  Glier. 

Iliigh  Caldwell. 

Col.  Bertram  Galbr 

.ith.                          Wilhan,  Jlonlgonnuy. 

JacbHaidy. 

Hugh  Graham. 

David  Cook,  Sr. 

Kn..igri  J.im.-s  WiUsou. 

Jacob  B.,hni. 

Robert  Kllis. 

Ricliard  Kerp. 

Sanuiel  McChing. 

Hugh  Moore. 

James  Porter. 

2d  Lienl.  Jjinips  C. 

ok.             .                     JaUHS  Alevander. 

1st  l.ieiit.JolMiCook. 

Samuel  Rohinsen. 

Robert  Curry. 

Jalin^s  Mackey. 

Caleb  Johnson. 

Aug„>lU. 

Private  A.lam  Tate. 

David  Hardy. 

Samuel  Cook. 

lOzekiel  Norris. 

John  Emick. 

Philip  Brainard. 

John  Middleton. 

Jacob  Snider. 

John  I'.ailbough. 

Barnabas  Savage. 

James  Slackey. 

I'hihpSniJel'. 

Jioicl,177f- 

ylio,a.(  iOi. 

Simon  Cameron. 

Adam  MaUingpogher. 

Stephen  Itulledge. 

John  Cameron. 

Jacob  Tshudy. 

Samuel  .Thompson. 

Henry  Holt. 

Thonuia  Wiley. 

John  Forry. 

Ilen.yF.or 

James  Seniple. 

Davi.l  Klory. 

AugmC  Villi. 

Jacob  II ighler. 

Marlio  Yoder. 

William  Connell. 

Jacob  Myers. 

Kat.  Slonlgomery. 

Geolge  llunslon. 

John  Binngarner. 

'AiiijiU  ISth. 

Martin  Pang. 

Golheb  Spill  r. 

James  Jacks,  Esq. 

Jacob  Shiill. 

Richard  Johnson. 

EAST   DONEGAL   TOWNSHIP. 


rT3 


Thomua  Wiley. 
John  McKiuiwy. 
Williiim  SIcs>cr. 
Aliraliiiui  lluliniin. 
Jiiniea  Pei-cy. 

Niciiulus  iVck. 
SumuL-l  Wilson. 
Malcolm  I'jirtriJgo. 
Hugh  Cuiiniiiglmiu. 
.Jacob  Limiscy. 


JiimeHC.jok.Jr 

JohnllilUr. 

"L».v 

CASrEit 

County, 

Don  EGA 

L,  Nov. 

22,17 

"I  Jo  hereby  ce. 

,fy  that 

he  per 

sons  Willis 

s  names 

are  iihovo  w 

have  tiikoii  uiiJ  h\ 

.saibe.l 

horaffin 

alion  o 

allegia 

nco  b 

me,  us  directeil  by 

in  Act o 

Aaaem 

blyof  till 

State. 

til  veil 

untie 

ImiiJ  and  seal  the  J 

ay  anJ  j 

ear  ab., 

e  written 

'James 

Bavll 

V,'  J. 

Thefollnwi, 

g-n:ini 

eJ  pe 

rsons  took  the 

oath 

if  al 

iance  before  . 

laeob 

;ook 

Esq.   ( 

he  Hi 

iiies 

if  t 

persons  who 

re>i,kM 

\ve.s 

of    C. 

new  a; 

O      111 

t  b 

inserted) : 

Julii'J 

,  1777. 

Jamea  Bayley, 

Esq. 

Dav 

,1  Hays 

Ut  Lieut.  Jam 

a  Scott. 

1st 

-ieilt.  1> 

trick  1 

ays. 

Hobert  Allison 

■M  L 

hut    K< 

bert  Jl 

uiiao 

John  Hay. 

Li.i 

t    Klave 

Ibiaii 

Q.ni.JolinJnn 

csuu. 

J.ni 

es  Caii.l 

in. 

Capt.  Jn,e|,h  > 

cQucen. 

Hie 

ai.l  All 

son. 

phiees  in  this  part  of  tlie  county  liiive  been  occupied 
by  a  dilfeieiit    nationality    (the    Penttsylvania   Ger- 
mans).    Their  (le-.iie  lor   knowledge  gave  origin  to 
Deinaey.  oiir  »icliools  and    institutions  of  learning,  and    tlieir 

love  of  freedom  left  its  impress  upon  our  form  of 
government.  The  names  of  Scott,  I'.iltei-on,  Tedaii, 
Lytic,  Galbraith,  Hayes,  Anderson,  Allison,  .Miteliel, 
Sterret,  iMcClellan,  Watson,  Stephenson,  Jitmicsou, 
Tate,  Craighead,  Muir,  JIuirhead,  Wilson,  iMcFar- 
q.uhar,  liaiUie,  Ulark,  with  many  others,  have  been 
associated  with  the  early  history  of  Donegal  Church, 
which  is  situated  near  a  beautiful  spring,  three  miles 
er  my  west  of  JMount  Joy.  The  date  of  its  organization  can- 
not be  iiccurately  iisccrtained,  as  the  early  records  have 
been  lost  m  destroyed.  The  earliest  reliable  record 
]iertaining  to  Donegal  Church  is  "an  api)lication 
made  by  Andrew  Galbraith  to  New  Castle  Presby- 
tery, Aug.  1st,  1721,  for  supplies  liir  Chickens  Longiis 
(Chiqucsalunga).'  (iillespie  and  Cross  were  sent. 
]{oland  Chambers  ivnewe.l  the  requ.st  ne.Kt  year. 
In  IMay,  \T2:i,  Concstoga  applied,  but  linteheson 
failed  to  go,  being  unable  to  obtain  a  guide  tliither. 
In  the  fall  he  and  McGill  were  sent  to  '  Dunngaal.' 
In  172.5,  Donegal  obtained  one-sixth  of  Boyd's  time, 
and  he  served  Ihein  till  they  called  Anderson."  — 
Webster's  Historij  of  (he  J'resbi/terian  Church. 
The  Rev.  James  Anderson,  the  first  pastor,  was 
""'"'  """'"  I  called  Sept.  21,  172i;,  and  installed  the  last  Wedncs- 

Donegal   Presbyterian    Church.^—The   rich   val-  l  day  in  August,  1727.     He  continued  pastor  until  his 
ley  bordering  on  the  Sn-quidianna,  south  of  the  vil-  .  death,  July  IG,  174". 

lage  of  Bainbridge,  and  c.Ktending  eastward  to  Big  |       Donegal  Presbytery  wa.  or-aiii/.e.l   (.)ct.   11,   17:i2, 
Chikis  Creek,  was  originally  settled  by  Scotch-Irish,  I  and  consisted  of  Jaiurs  .Vnderson,  .\daiii  Boyd,  Wil- 


;  Mc(5u 


who  emigrated   from  the  north  of  Ireland    between 

liani  Bertram 

and  Robert  Orr. 

the  years  171.5  and  1750.     There  were  i>robably  few 

Soon   after 

the   organization  of  the  church   a   log 

Presbyterian  settlers  prior  to  1718  in  the  district  of 

meeting-hous 

i  was  built  in  what  is  now  the  northern 

country  which  subsecpieiitly  gave  origin  to   Donegttl 

part  of  the  g 

avevard.     It  was  probably  during  the 

Church.      This     i,    evident    from    the    fact    that    in 

pa-t.u-ate  of 

he   Uev.  .Anderson,  or,  if  not,  certainly 

"1711)   there   were   hut   si  veil    Presbyterian   ("hurches 

verv  soon   alt 

er   hi.  decea.se  that  the  second   church 

in     Pennsylvania,    viz,  :     Philadelphia,     Neshaniiny, 

was    built. 

riie    location    selected    was    a    few    rods 

Welsh  Tract,  New  (.'asile,  While  Clay,  Apoquinimi, 

north  of  the 

ohl  one.      This  church,  which    is  still 

and  Lewes."     it  was  to  Pennsylvania  that  the  largest 

standing,  was 

constructed  of  the  stones  which   were 

emigration  of  the  Scotcl'.  and   Irish,  |iarticularly  the 

found  thickl.N 

strewn   over   the  ground   in   ihe  immc- 

latter,  though  at  a  somewhat  later  period,  took  place. 

diate  vieinitN 

aiid    111    the   magnificent   forest    which 

Early  in  the  last  century  they  began  to  arrive  in  large 

surrounded  ll 

e  nu'eting-house  clearing. 

numliers.      Near  si.x   thousand    Irish   are  reported  as 

The  pionee 

■.  Ill  Done-al    had   been   tlilatory  about 

having  come  in  17211.     These  emigiaiils  were  alimjst 

taking  out   p; 

tents   lor   iheir   lan.N,  and   heiue  it  was 

all   Presbyterians,''   who    had    lied    from    tln-ir    native 

not    straiiLre 

that     they    should     have    long    delayed 

land  to  escape  religious  persecution  and   to  seek   an 

np   ill   sivuring  title  to  the  ground  set 

asylum  where  they  might  woi:,hip  God  .leconling  to 

apart"^l.u    the 

nineliiig  hoil-e.      Tlie  patent,  lieing  ap- 

the  dictateii  of  their  own  consciences. 

plleil    for.   wa 

s    liiiallv  granted    bv  Thomas,  Ivichaid, 

Lancaster   County  (then   Chester)   rcceiveil  a  due 

and  John   IV 

111,  June  1,  17  10,  t<.  Uev.  James  Ander- 

proportion  of  these  emigrants.     The   early   titles  of 

stm,  John  Al 

ison,  .lames   .M  itehell,  and  David  Hays, 

land,  the  names  of  townships  and  towns  give  evidence 

Irustees.     Th 

amount  of  land  pat.'iile.l  was  two  huii- 

of   the    nationality    of   tin -e    haidy    pioneers,   whose 

tired   acres,  d 

■scrihed    as  "olrhe    land    for   the    iisr-  of 

I  Jamea  llayley  owned  anil  resided  mion  the  farm  now  owned  by  Abra- 

- 

'The  streaili   t, 

wbieli    Doneg.il   Spring  gives  origin  ia  a  branch  of 

ham  N.  Cassol,  ailjiiining  Duffy's  Park  on  the  north. 

Chbiuesaliin-a  Cr 

ek,  and  was  at  one  tiuio  called  Little  Chiiinesaliingo, 

a  Ackiiuwledginent  is  mail.)  to  J.  I..  Ziegb'r,  Jl.U,  of  Sloniit  J.iy  bor- 

as is  evident  h.ii 

an  ..Id  |..itei,t  deed  in  |«.»s,e.sioii  of  Ihe  Kev.  Teler 

ough,  for  mil.h  of  the  i.i.theiitic  and  ^allUlble  mailer  of  this  sk.t,  b. 
a  llodgi.'a  History  of  tlio  I'lesbvl.o  i,ui  Cliuivli  in  the  Unit.d  Stales. 

Nissly,  Mhose   l.ili 
said  stream,  and  o 

(eolin;;llolls  to    lloMegal,  is  bMUllded  on  the   south  by 
1  Ihe  west  by  that  of  Andrew  Galbraith. 

774 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


the  congregation."  It  is  possible  tliat  the  stone 
churcli  was  not  built  until  this  i)atent  was  obtained. 

After  tlie  tleatli  of  Rev.  .Tames  Anderson  the 
church  was  sup|)lied  until  1747,  when  the  Rev. 
Joseph  Tate  was  called  and  installed  in  1748,  who 
served  as  pastor  until  his  death,  Oct.  10,  1774,  from 
which  time  the  church  was  supplied  until  1777. 

Near  the  close  of  llr.  Tate's  pastorate  the  church 
building  was  remodeled.  The  only  entrance  was 
through  an  arched  double  door-way  in  the  centre 
of  the  side  facing  the  graveyard,  which  is  on  the 
southeast.  There  were  two  windows  at  each  end, 
and  in  the  rear  towards  the  spring  the  windows  in 
number  corresponded  with  those  in  front.  The  tops 
of  the  window-frames  were  arched  and  corresponded 
with  the  door-way.  The  door  was  made  of  two-inch 
oak-plank  heavily  battened.  The  window-shutters 
were  also  battened.     The  niuntins   and  rails  of  the 


sash  were  constructed  of  lead.  When  Col.  Hugh 
Pedan  remodeled  the  church  he  cut  a  door-way  at 
each  end  opposite  the  aisle  running  in  front  of  the 
pulpit,  and  tore  out  the  window-frames  and  put  in 
others  with  sijuare  heads,  and  made  new  paneled 
shutters  and  sash  entirely  of  wood.  John  Bayly, 
Esq.,  had  a  large  wulriiit-tne  which  stood  upon  his 
land  sawed  into  bmirds,  ciiit  of  which  a  new  pulpit 
and  sounding-boai'd  were  made.  The  pulpit  stood 
unusually  high,  with  a  stairway  of  a  number  of 
steps.  There  was  a  circular  railing  which  inclosed 
a  space  in  front  of  the  pulpit  for  the  clerk. 

After  the  Rev.  Josejih  Tate  was  unable  to  preach, 
tiie  congregation  sent  the  following  paper  to  Pres- 
bytery, which  speaks  for  itself: 


To  the  Rev' 

ItheHlcori.lfreHhytrkof 

Pl.ilud'a  i,-heu  sun 

13. 

"The  Sup 

licatlon 

.f  llio  Coiigii  ol 

Do,mc,j.M  m..«t  In 

"Tlmtj„, 

r  S.,ppl 

caiitB,  8iiM:e  the 

Death  or  our  hit 

worthy  I' 

lu  groatly 

ist.i-ssei 

on  account  of 

the  deatilMie  stal 

wo  are  1 

ting  dq.riv 

cicy  Iho  Ordinani 

ea  of  the  C 

ispenSPd  to 

us  ill  a  s 

talod  way. 

"Tl.utili 

liovertl 

ulc-83  some  alle 

vlation  of  our  trouLlo,  that  « 

niierymnWisdum' 

care, « 1,0,  well 

itter  ourselves,  w 

1  conipassi 

sill  our  di» 

eohsolul 

state,  and  bo  ■ 

eady  to  assist  us 

0  the  ntni 

our  power 

To  jou 

tlicrefove  nude 

r  Christ  the  great 

*  faithful 

e,  .1,  we  Co 

unit  oil 

Selves,  earues 

ly  entreating  you 

may  send 

j.auy  .uppi 

ea  aa  y. 

u  possilily  can : 

and  your  Supplic 

The  ]iulpit  was  again  supjilied  by  Presbytery  until 
the  summer  or  fall  of  1777,  when  Colin  JIcFar.iubar, 
who  had  come  from  Scotland  and  preached  at  Bed- 
ford and  Cumberland  Valley  Churches,  accejitcd  a 
call.  For  thirty  years  he  jiresided  over  this  charge 
with  dignity,  and  during  a  very  trying  period  in  the 
history  of  the  country.  His  congregation  was  made 
up  of  piitriots,  who  were  intensely  hostile  to  aiul  em- 
bittered against  the  king  and  Parliament  who  were 
imposing  burdens  upon  them.  Tliiy  were  not  slow 
in  giving  expression  to  their  indignation  against  their 
oppressors.  Upon  oneoccasion,  in  a  moment  of  great 
excitement,  when  the  congregation  were  at  worship,  a 
messenger  came   to   Col.   Jjowrey   to   order   out    the 


The  congregation  adjourned  and  met  under  the  great 
oak-tree  which  stands  in  front  of  the  churcli,  and 
formed  a  circle,  and  vowed  eternal  hostility  to  a  cor- 
rupt kin*  and  Parliament,  and  pledged  themselves  to 
sustain  the  iul..nisis  and  do  what  they  could  to  crnsh 
the  tyrant. 

During  the  period  of  jMr.  McFarquahr's  term  the 
congregation  was  very  large.  It  became  necessary  to 
place  benches  in  the  broad  aisle  in  front  of  the  pulpit, 
and  in  the  aisle  leading  from  the  main  entrance,  to 
give  suflicient  seating  capacity  for  the  congregation, 
which  sometimes  numbered  five  hundred  persons, 
about  one-third  of  whom  were  comnuinicant  mem- 
bers. 

In  the  year  17'.)'.>  a  new  roof  of  pine  shingles  was 
put  on  the  church.  Prior  to  that  time  the  roof  was 
covered  with  oak  shingles,  cut  from  the  trees  in  the 
woods  surrounding  the  meeting-house. 

In  1777  llie  Rev.Colm  i\IcFariiuhar  was  called,  and 
serveil  as  paNtor  until  his  resignation  in  ISOCi.  Rev. 
AVilliam  Kerr  was  called,  ordained,  and  installed 
18U7  ;  died  Sept.  22,  1S21.  Rev.  Orson  Douglas  was 
installed  in  1822,  and  resigned  in  183G.  Rev.  Thomas 
IMarshall  Boggs  was  ordained  and  installed  Aijril  27, 
1837.  Rev.  William  F.  Houston  presided.  Rev. 
Samuel  Martin,  D.D.,  preached  the  sermon  and  de- 
livered the  charge  to  pastor,  and  Rev.  John  11. 
Symines  delivered  the  charge  to  the  people.  Rev. 
Mr.  Boggs  died  Nov.  10,  ISrjO.  Rev.  J.  L.  Rodgers 
was  called  as  pastor  Aug.  21,  1851,  and  resigned  in 
September,  1850;  during  Mr.  Rodgers'  pastorate  he 


pre 


ached'  in  Donegal  and  Mount  Joy  on  alternate 
Sundays.  From  IS.li;  until  18(J9  the  Rev.  John  J. 
Lane  served  as  ].a,tn,.  Rev.  John  Edgar  was  called 
in  18(1!>,  and  rrsignnl  in  1870.  Rev.  William  B. 
Browne  supplied  Donegal  Church  from  1871  until 
1880.  Rev.  Cyrus  B.  Whitcomb  called  to  Donegal 
Church  Nov.  13,  1880;  installed  April  16,  1882.  Pas- 
toral relation  of  Mr„.Whitcomb  with  Donegal  Church 
dissolved  by  Presbytery  June  14,  1882.  Since  the 
dissolution  of  the  pastoral  relation  of  Mr.  Whitcomb 
the  church  has  been  supplied  by  the  Hev.  Robert 
Gamble,  who  wa>  niianiniously  called  as  pastor  Aug. 
19,  1883. 

Biographical  Sketches  of  the  early  Pastors  of 
Donegal  Church.— .1  a. mi :s  .Vndeu.sdx  was  the  lir>t 
minister  regularly  installed,  and  of  him  we  shall  tir.-,t 
speak.  He  was  born  in  Sco'tland  Nov.  14,  1(;(J8,  and 
was  ordained  by  Irvine  Presbytery  Nov.  17,  1708,  with 
a  view  to  his  srUh-mcnt  in  Virginia.     He  sailed  for 

bannock  Kivei-  011  thr  2lM  day  of  .\pril  of  the  same 
year.  He  was  not  satisfied  with  the  state  of  afl'airs 
there,  and'he  came  north  and  entered  Philadel|ihi;i 
Presbytery  Sept.  20,  170',),  and  settled  at  New  Castle, 
where  he  supjilied  several  churches  in  that  Presby- 
tery. On  Sejjt.  20,  1717,  he  received  a  call  from  a 
Presbyterian   congregation    in    New  York   City,  and 


MLfl 


"ii 

Ik 

M-i 

^k^ 

^^^p 

^^^"^II^I^P 

s/  Hllla^l       -IHi^- 

""^^wJ  Ift  ^  '^Jll^^r  ^  "^"s  Slf  R"^l In  1 

KM 

^^^^n 

IJUilGllJ     ^ijJLi    iu'AA^i:.'sA\\iJ. 


EAST   DONEGAL   TOWNSHIP. 


Aftci 


inst:illed   he   soon 
His  congregation 


accepted  tlie  call, 
found  tliat  lie  had  n 
did  not  like  hi,  plain  an.l  ,rvere  preachinir,  and  he 
felt  it  his  duty  to  resign  the  charge.  As  hefore  stated, 
he  received  a  call  to  Donegal  Sept.  24,  172G.  In  the 
summer  of  1727  he  purcha~eil  three  hundred  acres  of 
land,  located  along  the  river,  from  Robert  Wilkins. 
He  built  his  dwelling  neiir  the  >treani  of  water  which 
ran  througli  his  plantation  near  Marietta,  where  he 
lived  for  the  remainder  of  liis  life.  In  the  following 
year  or  two  he  also  purcha--fd  a  farm  along  Little 
Chikis  Creek  just  above  its  junction  with  Big 
Chikis  Creek.  For  the  years  1720  and  1730  he 
gave  one-tilth  of  his  time  to  the  people  of  Swatara 
and  Derry.  He  belonged  to  the  "  Old  School,"  and 
being  a  person  of  strong  convictions  and  Ibrcible  ex- 
pressions he  suited  liis  congregation,  who  were  of  like 
faith  and  plainness  of  speech. 

Mr.  Anderson  married  Mi^s  (iarhind,  daughter  of 
Sylvester  Garland,  of  Virginia,  in  February,  1713. 
She  died  at  Donegal  Dec.  24.  17:!G.  Un  the  27tli  day 
of  December,  1737,  Mr.  Anderson  married  Rebecca 
Crawford,  tlie  daughter  ot  Edward  Crawford,  of 
Donegal. 

JIh  Anderson  traveled  among  the  weak  congrega- 


tions in 


irgini. 


uul  while 


to  Opequan  he  contracted  a  cidd,  from  wliich  he  died, 
soon  after  his  return,  on  tlie  lilth  day  of  July,  1740. 

The  Presbytery  and  Syiioil  declared  frequently  that 
he  was  in  high  esteem  for  "  circiim^pei'tion,  diligence, 
and  faithfulness  as  a  Cliri-ti.m  minister." 

Rev.  JosKi'il  Tate  wa>  calUd  to  Donegal  in  June, 
■  1748.  The  congregation  agreed  to  give  him  seventy 
pounds  to  buy  a  plantation  and  seventy  ]i(innds 
salary. 

On  the  loth  day  of  Dec-mlier,  174S,  lie  marrie.l 
Margaret,  the  eldest  daughter  .if  Rev.  A. lam  I'.oyd.  of 
Octorara.  He  was  eccentric 
vice  and  the  errors  of  the  d: 
graceful  speaker.  lie  died 
three,  and  left  his  wife,  Mai 
named  children  surviving  hiu 
John,  Benjamin,  Jane  (.Vml 
Queen),  and  Sarah. 

Rev.  Colin  McFawjiii  ai:  wa-  burn  in  Scotlaiu 
and  educated  at  Edinburgh  rmver-ily,  where  he  als 
filled  a  position  lis  teaclieriii  that  institution.  He\Mi 
a  fine  Greek  and  Latin  scholar.  In  !77ri  he  came  t 
America  to  seek  a  place  wheie  he  could  settle,  lea\ 
ing  his  family  behind  him  until  he  wa^  perman. ml 
located.  He  preaclod  at  x'veial  of  the  chiirciRs  i 
Cumberlan.l  Valley  and  in  Vii-iiiia,  and  was 
stated   supply  at  I'.idfuid.      He  cime   to  Donegal  an 

prcirlnd   a    trial    soi a    m    th.-    fall   ..I'   177--..     Th 

congregation  were  pleased  with  him,  and  they  gav 
him  a  call,  which  he  acce|.ted.  lie  b.Kirded  at  th 
tavern  of  Samuel  Scott,  at  'Big  CMiikis,  known  a 
Capt.  Hugh  Pcdan'.!;  tavern,  wliere  he  continued  t 
board  for  several  years. 


Upon  blank  leave.s  of  the  "Universal  vSeots  . 
nac"  Mr.  McFarquiiar  made  a  record  of  the  iiai 
every  member  of  his  congregation  and  cd'  tloii 
ilies.«  The  following  is  a  copy  of  memoranda 
by  him  in  the  almanac  : 

"The  Uiiivi-i-siil  Scot.s  AlDl.aiiuik,"  tor  tlie  yciir  1774.  Tin-  in 
is  on  Iho  insi.le  of  llu'  cov.'i  iui.l  rai.la  lus  f.ill.nvs,  viz:  "  Tin'  I'l 

limil— "roller  Twist  D.-eclifs"— •'Tiirpentio^."  "  Ciiteclii-iii- 
ye  iiicml'ora  of  the  cougreg.itioli  of  Doiieg.il  taken  liow  u  X.i\    1 

"  1778  Ai>r 

PresljyteryH  aiipuintmentj  of  BU[>pIy viz. 

"  Eiist  P,M.3ljoroui;h  at  Distn.-t 

"Slirewabury  4tli  Sab  May 

"Litlle  Cainamiij;u2Salj  July 

'•  Ilanuvor.  5th  Sab  Angst" 

May  17,  1770,  Keceivsd  of  Salary  for  1778  £22,14,  9  of  an.  ,i., 
£2:),-i;-0  Ball  of  Salary  1777,-172-10-7" 

On  another  page,  the  following;  "1780  March,  then  gave  ui 
Mrs.  Scot  one  hundred  d.iUars" 

April  3.  1780  From  Wm  Wilson  in  the  name  of  the  Congi.-gi 
part  of  Stipend  for  year  1779,  and  178U— -i.x  half  Joanne.,- 
pieces  2  guineas  and  a  -silver  dollar  in  [ill  C21-I2-C. 

"7lh,  April  1780  Then  gave  inoio  in  Loan  to  Mr.  Hannah  : 
dolars. 

Appointments  for  1780,  2,  Sab.,  June,  Slate  Kidge.S,  Sab.,  at 
ford,  2,  Siib.,  August,  Ilaiiovel-,  3,  Sab.,  October,  Carlysle." 

April  2.S,  1780,  reeeive.l  from  James  Wilson  as  Collect.a  of 
for  years  1770  and  171-0,  four  hundred  dollars. 

May  10,  gave  in  loan  to  Mrs.  Hannah  Scot,  70  ilollars. 

.May  20,  received  from  William  Miller  V.j  Joannes,  fioin  Willi 


Mrs.  Scot  of  Cont 


I  Mrs.  Hannah 


but  tearless  in  re|iri>vin 
,-.  He  was  a  tluent  ani 
tet.  11,  1774,  aged  si.xty 
aret,  and  the  following 
n,  vi/.. :  :\Iatthew,  Adam 
i),   Margaret  (Mc 


lied  and  eighty  dollars. 
Sep.  15,  gave  Mis.  Scot  4  I 
Sep.   20,   17K0,  then   g.ive    1 


"Nov.,  11,  17S0,  wliich  dayl  ].aid  Mis.  Hannah  Scot  f..r  ni 
wages,  inecediiig  the  fiist  Nov.  I7»l).  She  owes  me  a  hard  .1..I 
VS-H  ;  the  hard  nioiieyTor  stipends  for  years  1770  and  17^o,' 

After  j\[r.  McFarqiihar  gave  up  his  charge, 
the  death  of  his  wife,  Elizabeth,  in  1SU5,  he  ren 
to  Lancaster  and  resided  with  his  daughter,  Mr-.  : 
Willson.  Subsequently  he  went  to  Ilagerstown,  \ 
he  died  in  IM^J.  .i-nl  ninety-three. 

Iti.v.  Will  I  \M  ICiui;  was  born  in  Bart  i.hm 
in  Ibis  e,,unly,  in  (  irt.il.er,  1777.  lie  had 
Lrntlicrs  and  sisL^s.  His  pan-nts  were  men, I., 
the  Associate  Kelormed  Church.  His  fallua 
soon  after  hi,  birth,  and  he  was  left  to  the  t 
care  of  a  pious  mother.      He  was  sent  to  the  -ele 

of  a  useful  and  l.rilliant  career.  He  was  seiii  ti 
ferson  ("College,  at  Cannonsburg,  Washington  t 'o 
where  ho  graduated.  He  then  went  to  Wilniiii 
Del.,  and  became  principal  of  an  acadeni} ,  aiel 
thus  engaged  cminecteil  himself  with  the  Pre-bu 
Church,  and,  in  pni-snaiice  of  what  lie  deemed 
hisdutv  to  the  cause  ol  reliL'ion,  placed  himself  i 


HISTORY  OF  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


the  ciire  of  New  Castle  Presbytery.     In  1804  lie  was  I  widow  aiui  sou,  Willium  Marshall  Boggs,  now  a  prac- 

.sent   by   Pri'sbytcry   to   supply  the   congregation    at  I  tieiiig  lawyer  in  Cambria  County. 

Harrisluirg,    I'a.,    where    he    preached    for    eighteen  Elizabeth  married  Kev.  John   Edgar,  who  was  also 


L-eived 


months.     After  one  or  two  trial  sermons  1 
a  call   from   Donegal  Church,  and  in  1807  he  was  in- 
stalled,    lie  married  JIary  Elder,  only  daughter  o( 
James  Willson. 

Mr.  Kerr  was  not  averse  to  farn 


a  past.l  of  Donegal. 

Schools.— The    tii.t    M-hool  house   erected    in  "this 

township    was   built   at    tlie    I'resbyterian    meeting- 

honse  at  Donegal  Sjiring,  a  few  years  after  the  church 

isuits,  and  I  was  built.     School  was  only  kept  during  the  winter 

H   pl.Aving  I  mouths.     One  of  the  earliest  teachers  was  William 


!■<  dw, 


.'1. 

HIS   Alrick 


when  parlies  wen 

the  holy  bonds  ol 

denly  in  Marietta 

Kerr,    luanird    If 

burg.      Dr.  James   WiUou    Kerr,   about 

years  ago,  removed  to  ^'ork. 

Rev.  OllSOX  DiU.;i,a>s  nb,.  succeeded 
was  born  in  the  towu   nf  .Mid.llcl)ury,   i 
He  practiced  law  in  that  State  tin-  a  sho 
his  health  having  become  impaired  by  e 
plication  to  his  studies,  he  went  to  Georgi 
taught   school    for  a  short   time.     After 
death  he  determined  to  study  for  the  miuiM 
came  on  to  Princeton,  where  he  pursued  his  tl 
cal  course.     It  seems   that  he  returjUMl   to 
al'ter  being  admitted  to  the  gospel  miui-tiy,  w 
had  charge  of  a  congregation   for  a  sliort  tiui 


1-  tn  get  unite.l  ill  Wright.  An  Iri.lu 
Mr.  Kerr  died  sud-  [  there  and  at  IheiiiK 
lughter,  Mary  Elder  |  hve  years  ago. 

'larris-  j       Colin  IMcFarquh: 
he 


,IellV 


.Ala 


Htythree     gal  Church,  w 

I  taught  a  class 

Mr.  Kerr,   '  towu 


lie  ministers  of  Old  Done- 
ue  ill  its  early  history  who 
While  he  resided  in'May- 


pare- 


s   fa 


,  but  '  scholar.     He  received  the  highest  praise  from  a  num- 

i  ap-  her  of  college  professors  and  members  of  the  Lancas- 

e  he  '  ter  County  bar  for  the  thorougli   manner  iu  which  he 

lier's  I  taught  young  men  who  entered  the  ministry  and  the 

and  profc'ssion  of  the  law. 

I.igi-  The   second   (dde,t    school-house   stood    near    the 

ogia  '  spring   iu    Dully'.  P.irk.     It    was   a   school-house  as 

e  he  e.irly  as  17:.i).     I  think,  however,  tliat  the  building 

The  '  lu-ior  to  that   time  was   used  as   a  dwelling.     Wlieii 


father  of  Jlrs.   Dougl.i.s.-,  was  very  much   opposed  to  :  John  Lowrey  purchased  the  farm,  about  174G,  he  built 

her  going  so  far  away  from  home,  and  in  couseiinence  a  dwelling  a  fourth  of  a  mile  farther  down  the  run, 

of  his  wishes  Mr.   Douglass  gave  up  his  charge   in  and  brought  the  water  from  the  run  in  ditches  near 

Georgia   and   aeeepted  a  call    iu   Old    D.meg.il.     .Mr..   1  to  his  dwelling.     Tlie   lir,t  cabins  of  the   pioneer  set- 

Foiilke  pay- aju.t  and   tceliiig  I li Imle  I.,  her  father's  tier,   were    ahvay..    luiiU    near  a  spring  or  stream   of 

of  temper,  and  he  was  extremely  carel'ul  nut  to  wound  ]  \u  Irishman  named  .Murphy  taught  in  this  scliool- 
the  feelings  cf  any  one.  He  was  the  mo-t  iin~elli-li  hou.e  prior  to  the  Uevoluliou.  About  the  year  ISDO, 
of  men.  Xo  one  iius  had  a  better  ..pporlunity  ti.  un-  Mrs.  ICvaiis,  who  owned  the  laud,  rented  the  little  log 
deisliLud  thoroughly  the  character  of  Mr.  Dougl.i-,.  seli.Md-liuu>c  to  Mr.  I'.cll  and  Sally;  who  remained 
than  his  daughter,  and  it  is  a  pleasure  to  know  the  there  hir  ^evel■al  year-,  cultivating  a  little  patch  of 
good  iiualitiesof  oueof  Old  Donegal's  pastors  from  su  j  ground  iu  the  heart  of  a  large  woods.  After  Sally 
authentic  a  source.  He  married  a  daughter  of  James  '  Bell  removed  to  Miwietta,  it  was  occupied  by  Samuel 
Stewart,  a  preMding  elder  iu  Dr.  Ely's  clinrch,  in  '  Craig,  one  of  Charley  Scwell's  slaves,  who  drove  Mrs. 
Philadelphia.  He  was  a  cousin  of  the  late  Stephen  |  ICvaiis' coach.  Alter  he  went  to  Ilavti,  in  lS2o,  it  was 
Don-la-s.  He  rcMgncd  his  charge  in  18:1(1  and  moved  '  torn  down, 
to  Phila.lelphia,  where  he  took  charge  of  a  .Marine 
Church,  and  afterwards  became  agent  for  one  of  the 
church  missions. 

lli:v.  Thomas  .M.vksiiai.i.  Hoggs  was  born  near 
Cross  Creek,  in  Washington  County,  Pa.,  June  "iti, 
1813,  and  w.as  the  son  of  John  and  Sarali  Boggs.  lie 
was  a  very  bright  boy,  and  far  in  advance  of  other  boys 
of  the  same  age.  He  was  sent  to  an  academy  at  Cross 
Creek  village,  under  the  care  of  his  uncle.  Rev. 
George  Marshall,  D.D.  He  entered  Washington  Col- 
lege, and  graduated  with  second  boniu-s  in  his  class  at 
the  age  of  eighteen  years.  ll>-  attended  the  'flien- 
logicul  Seminary  at  Pineeton,  and  on  leaving  there 
he  took  charge  of  the  academy  at  New  London  Cross 
Roads,  in  Chester  County.    Ho  n'larried  Amelia  ,Iane, 

County.      His  death  o.'curreil  in  ISod,  and  he  left  his 


Thomas  Mar 

hall  Hoggs,  the  minister  at  Donegal, 

wdio   was  a    Ir.i 

iiel    le. teller     also    taii'dit    a    classical 

scho.d  in  Maru 

tta  and  .Mount  Joy. 

His  brother, 

Inliii,  taught  a  classical  school  in  :\Ia- 

rietta.      Prival 

schools   outside   of    the    towns   were 

done  away  with 
into  iiucocs->lul 

after  the  cniiimou  school  system  came 

J.dinScott.a 

■  peratiou. 

1  eccentric  Irishman,  came  to  Donegal 

about  the  vear 

17'.i'.l.     He  was  an  ardent  Presbyterian 

and  member  ot 

Doiieg.il  Church.    He  was  never  mar- 

ried.      He  had 

i  roum  or  two  in  :Mavtown,  where  he 

lived  whefi  n..l 

enga-ed  among  the  firmers.      He  wa. 
.Ill    and   it  cost   him   but  little  to  live. 

lloaved.rever 

1  thnusandd.dlars.    When  the  infirm- 

ities  uf  ,dd  au'c 

came   upon   him   he  devi.ed   the   bulk 

of  his  property 

to   the  school-,  .,f  Doiieg.il   town,liip. 

But   few,  if  ail) 

,  of  his  acijiiaintances  or  friends  had 

EAST    DONEGAL   TOWNSHIP. 


777 


an  idea  of  tlie  amount  of  the  old  man's  savings  wliile 
lie  lived.  After  his  death  an  elfort  was  made  to  have 
his  estate  escheated.  Ahraliarn  N.  Cassel,  who  was 
one  of  tlie  school  directors  of  llie  township,  hearing 
of  the  movement,  went  to  Harrishurg,  and  after  coo- 
BuUing  witli  Mr.  Jacob  Foreman,  wlio  was  a  memhcr 
of  Asseml)ly  from  Conoy  township,  and  with  William 
Iliester,  a  member  of  the  S,.iial,',  an  ael  n(  As.cinl.ly 
was  passed  antliorizing  tliis  trust  liind  to  be  iiive-^tid 
for  tlie  use  of  the  schools  of  Donegal  t<)wn-lii|i. 
Conoy  township  having  been  a  part  <>(  l)iiiii--:il 
township,  it  was  also  included  in  the  bill,  and  tliu- 
the  Scott  school  fund,  amounting  to  several  thousand 
dollars,  was  saved  to  the  ciistrict,  and  the  children  of 
Old  Donegal  are  now  reaping  the  beuelit  of  this  old 
man's  savings.  When  they  enter  the  graveyard  at- 
taclied  to  Donegal  Church,  let  them  not  forget  to  keep 
his  memory  green  liy  caring  for  his  tomb. 

1S;J4,  the  citi/ensof  the  township  relu-cd  to  accept 
the  law,  and  declined  to  levy  a  tax  to  supfiort  the 
same.  A.  X.  Cassel,  William  D.  Slaymaker,  and  a 
majority  of  the  school  directors  were  warm  friends  of 
the  law.  They  employed  teachers  and  made  them- 
selves personally  responsible  for  the  jiayment  of  the 
teachers'  salaries.  In  the  following  year  the  farmers 
gradu.illy  came  to  the  supjiort  of  the  law. 

Mills.— John  Galbriith  built  the  llr>t  grist-  ami 
stiwiuill  in  the  township  about  the  year  1721.  It 
was  locat.d  (HI  Donegal  Jleeting-IIouse  Kuu,  on  the 
north  sid.'  of  the  Marietta  and  Jloiint  Joy  turnpike. 
The  old  mill  was  torn  down,  and  a  new'aud  much 
larger  one  was  built  of  stone  on   the   opposite  side  of 


Cunrad  Ziegler  built  a  grist-mill  ab(nit  forty-five 
years  ago  along  "  Cfroves'    Ran,"  and   about   a  mile 

^'hristiaIl  Ibddemaii  about  forty-five  years  ago  built 
a  larg.'  stoue  grisi-uiill  on  Donegal  Meetinig-IIouse 
Uun,  *u.'ar  it^  mouth.  It  is  now  owned  liy  John 
Maker,  who  ;cUo  owns  a  rolling-mill  close  by. 

About  the  clo-c  (,(■  the  lievolntion,  Jacob  Graybill 
erected  a  -tone  eii^t-mill  (HI  Donegal  Run,  about 
three-r.naths  of  a  mile  above  the  old  Galbraith  mill. 
His  .son  Jacob  erected  a  new  mill  of  brick  in  ISyO. 
It  is  owned  by  .Mr.  Nissly,  and  is  called  Nissly's 
mill. 

:  ably  by  Tobias  .Miller  about  177o'. 
I       David  Zo.ikbuiltacarding-  and  fulling-mill  on  the 
1  northcaslern  branch  of  1)  .negal  Pam  sixty  years  ago. 
It  was  burned  <lowa  a  few  years  ago  and  has  not  betui 


t  a  saw-mill  at  the  mouth  of 

•ear  1S2(;. 

fullniL' mill    stood  ,01   Little 


the   turnpike 
centi 


d  by  Henry  Hicstand. 

John  Mai-  .Teeted  a  fulling-mill  in  1730  on  Littb 
Chikis  Creek,  about  one  and  a  half  miles  south  o 
M.inut  Jov.  For  nearlv  a  hundred  year-  this  i.iil 
ran.  Theic  is  nothing  lelt  of  it  now  but  the  f  .uiida 
tioii  walls. 

Davi.l  Cook  &  Son  had  a  grist-mill  on  Chikis  prio 
to  the  Revolutionary  war. 

John   Greider   had   a  grist-mill   in    D.megal   town 

,lohn  (irove  built  a  grist-  ami  saw-mill  prior  to  tin 

Pam,  now  called  Shork's  Kuu,  two  luiles  we-t  Iron 
JIarietta.     tiroves  sold  the  mill  t<.  .\braham  Shock. 

Henry  Sherer  built  a  large  stone  grist-mill  nea 
the  junction  of  Big  and  Little  Chikis  Creeks  in  ISO! 
or  181U.  It  is  more  generally  known  as  "Johnson' 
mill.". 

"corn-mill"  upon  the  northern  branch  of  Donega 
Mecting-House  Kuu,  a  short  drstance  south  of  th. 
Mount  Joy  and  Mid.lletowu  turnpike.  It  was  bull 
probably   by    tiol-don    Howard.      Many    year-    a-o    i 


Henry  Halden 
I  Chikis  Creek  abe 
j       Iliestand's  ,-;iv 

!  Chikis,  about  a  mile  ahoye  its  mouth.      It  was  an  old 
I  mill  and  i.robably  built  by  Nathaniel  Little. 

Taverns. — The  first  licensed  '"ordinary"   west  oi' 

;  the  Coiiestoga  was  granted  to  John  Galbraith  at  the 

I   August  term  of  court,  172ti.      As  he  had   been   settled 

'   there    as    early,  as    171s,    „n    the   great    road    which 

branched  Irom  the  old  Peter's   road  and   ran   thr.mgh 

the   thieke-t    part    ol    the   settlement,    it    is    probable 

that  he  kept   a  house   ,>f  entertainment    .several  years 

prior   to  the    date  .d' this  petition,  a-   he   had   alre.idy 

erected  a  grist-,  corn-,  and  saw-mill.    The  tavern  stood 

'  at  the  edge  of  Donegal  Meeting-House  Uun,  at  the 

point  wdiere  the   Marietta  ami   .Mount  Joy  turnpike 

crosses  the  same,      fhe   buihliirg  is   standing  on    the 

south  side  of  the  turnpike.     A   hundreil  years  ago  it 

was  used  as  a  -tore.      The  mill  stood  at  the  northwest 

-ide  of  the  tuu.pike.      It   was   probably  not  u-ed   as  a 

tavern  alter  .Mr.  ( i,.lbr.iilh's  dc.ith  in  17ol. 

Anderson's  I'ei  ry  Hotel  was  built  by  James  An- 
1  derson,  sou  of  the  minister,  soon  after  he  obtained 
'  the  patent  lor  hi-  leriy,  about  the  year  1741, 

M.iry  Denny  ke|it  :in  ordinary  in  17^0,011  the  Pa.\- 


,k  oil 


them 


Ferry  ta 


Richard  k'eys   kept  the  Ai 
1777  and  177s. 

After  Maytnwn  was  hiid  out  and. a  tavern  bull 
took  rnueli  of  the  busiue-  away  from  the  <d<l  tavei 
aud'wheu    M:(riett;i    and    .Mount    Joy    began    to    gi 

those  places  in  East  Donegal.  The  only  one  of 
portance  was  the  "  Black  Horse,"  situated  along 
Marietta  auil   Mount  .loy  turnpike,  about  a  mile  ; 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER  COUNTY 

I 


insert  a  sijeciiueu  old-time  tavern 

•'  August.  1720. 


Ilonnrbte  Bcn-h,  llu  humble  pelUii 
'ha  connly  of  Chester,  humhhj  ihowe 


"Tlmt  jour  liuliliuuiT,  dwolli 

g  on  a  great  rou 

passing  tliercby,  has  great  euto 

ragenientrortho 

diUiuu  to  lake  up  uidnwr/,,  to  « 

icli  jonriiplili.iij 

by  llie  uc.igl.borlioo.l,  fur  llu^i 

public  and  c.n 

niucli  ns  u  jreiU  qliauUlij  oj  barUi/  ii  lunci  mi  J  iii.i/ 

the  preut  disliiuce  rroui  a  Duukc 

I,  without  public 

to  no  account,  lo  tlieir  great 

oss;  for  which  i 

your  peliliouer  humbly  crayfsn 

at  this  Honorabl 

to  grant  him   to  brew  and   sl*11 

beer  and  ule.     A 

tioner,  us  in  duty  bound,  shall  t 

ver  pray. 

"  We  whose  names  are  subscr 

bed,  inhabitants 

togoe,  do  hereby  cerlifio  and  c 

nfirm  the  truth 

and  also  most  humbly,  with  submission  to  the  Uo 

mend  the  above  pelitioTier,  Joh 

Galbrcath,asa 

dinar!;.     Dated  Donegal,  Aug.  2 

,  1720. 

James  Patison. 

John  V: 

Thomas  How.ird. 

Huj;li  J 

William  Dunlap. 

Jonah  1 

David  McCakarty. 

James  C 

George  Moffet. 

Willian 

John  Moff.t. 

Williiui 

James  Mitchell. 

li.i-h  > 

Thomas  Wilkins. 

Wilh.Lii 

John  liurt. 

i;..b,.rt 

David  J.iui-3. 

Jan,./,  .- 

James  Gal  breath. 

Ali.liew 

Thomas  ll.iyley. 

Ei.braii 

James  Allison. 

.I..I.I,  Jl 

James  Jloor. 

J"..'lili 

Hugh  Whoit. 

i;. .III. in 

William  Buckannon. 

IVaiaU 

J«n,es  Ilrownloo. 

Alcv.m 

Joselih  Worke. 

liol.ert 

John  Tayleer. 

liiclian 

Nov.  17,  1742,  Hifh: 
prietaries,  anioiiir  otlie 


suffer  any  person  to  land  on  the 
to  apply  for  a  renewal  of  the  1 
Ferry  without  one." 


.1 1 

eters  w 
gs,  say> 

■iti 

ig 

to  tlie 

Pro- 

for  . 

Forry  was 

pre 

sen 

ed  to  Mr 

Thos. 

orde 

to  make 

nt 

he 

■atent;  it 

is  not             1 

ant, 

Co. 

nty 

Road  is  o 

.Iciod 

ni..3 

n.livenie 

:''! 

e  New  T. 
1-  Ferry  V 

wn  of 
111  be 
ryon             1 

Richard  Keyes  owned  a  ferry  two  miles  above 
Anderson's  Ferry  in  1780.  Two  years  prior  to  this 
time  he  liad  rented  Anderson's  Ferry,  Christian  Vine- 
gar rented  the  ferry  from  Mr.  Keyes,  and  afterwards 
purchased  it.  I  have  not  met  with  any  evidence  that 
wonid  warrant  tlie  assertion  tliat  tliere  was  a  reguhir 
ferry  at  this  jjoint  |)rior  to  Mr.  Keyes'  purcliase. 

Noali  Keesey,  a  Kevoiiitionary  soldier,  established 
a  ferry  across  Cliikis  (_'re<k,  near  it-s  mouth.  He 
charged  two  cents  to  fcny  a  [lassenger  ttcruss. 


J  U;l 
David  McNeely,  Jr.,  April 
I'eter  Albright,  Apiil  14, 
Isaac  Shii  izar,  Api  il  lo, 
Matthew  G.  Marpel,  Apri 


THE    PKACE. 
lliriiin  Albert, 


Api 


I  S.  l!ui 


Publiclmprovements.— Along  the  simlherii  boiiiid- 
ary  of  this  townsliip  runs  the  rcnii^ylvaiiia  Canal  and 
tlie  PeniLsylvania  Central  Railroad.  Along  its  north- 
ern boundary  runs  the  Lancaster,  Mount  Joy,  Eliza- 
bethtown  and  Middlelown  turnpike,  and  the  Lancas- 
ter, Mount  Joy  and  Harrisburg  Railroad.  Near  its 
eastern  boundary  a  turnpike  connects  Marietta  and 
Jlount  Joy.  In  the  southeastern  |)art  tlicie  is  the 
Lancaster  and  Marietta  turnpike  and  the  t'olinnbia 
and  Marietta  turnpike.  There  is  aiinlliei  luin|)ikc 
connecting  Marietta  and  Maytown,  ami  aiinllicr  lead- 
injr   from    Maytown    in    the   dirrrliun    of    Fli/alu  lli- 


Maytown.— 1 


IS  th 


village  was  fam. 
and  for  fifty  year- 
1   Donegal  townsl 

East  Bonegal  tov 


Thi 


econ.l  road  of  any  c 

onsiderable 

the   limits  of  the  co 

aity,  was  th 

hieh    was  laid  out 

n    1718.     It 

1)  at  the  northeaster! 

corner  at  oi 

.1 1'. 


near  Mount 

Joy,  and  from  thence  it  ran  to  Coney  Creek,  a  little 
south  of  Btackstown,  or  Ridgeville,  via  Donegal  meet- 
ing-house. A  large  portion  of  this  road  is  still  in  use. 
Another  road  branched  from  the  old  Peter's  road 
at  Mount  Joy,'iin<l  ran  by  John  Calbraith's  tavern 
and  mill,  thence  in  the  direction  of  the  settlement 
where  Maytown  now  is. 

Ferries.— The  following  letter  of  Richard   Peters 


impiirtaiit  toui 
It  is  located  near  the  centre 
ship,  on  the  "  great  road"  which  branched  from  the 
old  Peter's  road.  This  road  was  in  existence,  and 
much  traveled  by  Indiiin  tia.lers  and  settlers  a>  early 
as  1719. 

In  the  year  174.";  Lu/.arus  Lowrey  took  out  a  patent 
fur  tour  handled  and  eleven  acres  of  land,  through 
which  the  road  ran,  and  upon  which  the  town  now 
stands.  In  the  same  year  ,Mi-.  Lowrey  sold  one  hun- 
died  and  fifty  acres  of  this  Uact  In  mie  of  the  traders 
in  his  employ,  Dennis  bullivan.  He  paid  only  part 
of  the  purchase  mnney,  and  was  uiuible  to  meet  his 
engagements  on  account  of  losses  sustained  by  the 
Indians.  The  sherilf  sold  the  jiroperty  in  a  year  or 
two,  and  Mr.  Lowrey  repurchased  it,  iiiid  in  the  year 
1753  he  sold  the  same  tract  t>f  land  to  .lolin  Kennedy, 
another  trader,  who  not  only  met  with  losses  by  the 
Indians,  but  was  wounded  and  taken  prisoner  by 
them.  On  the  7th  .la)  ot  .May,  17."'i4,  he  wa>  .sold  out 
by  Sherilf  Smith,  and  Thonia-,  Harris  and  Joseph 
Simons,  Inditin  tra.ln-.,  who  hild  a   morlgage  against 

.lay  of  Febriiaiy,  17. id,  ihcy   sold   this  tract  t.i  Jacob 
Downer,  who  had  settled   in   Lampeter  townshii.   in 


EAST    DONEGAL   TOWNSHIP. 


1731,  and  who  commeuced  to  purchase  hind  in  Done- 
gal from  Lazarus  Lowrey  in  1750,  wliich  hounded  tliis 
one  luindred  and  iil'ty  acre  tract  on  the  east.  In  tlie 
year  1700  he  hiid  out  a  town  upon  the  one  hundred 
and  fifty  acres,  wliich  he  named  Maytown.  The  town 
was  laid  out  rectangularly,  and  measured  ahout  a 
thousand  feet  upon  each  side.  In  the  centre  was  a 
square  reserved  for  a  market-house,  in  wliich  two 
main  streets  crossed  at  right  angles,  with  streets  and 
alleys  bounding  the  outer  edges  on  tiie  four  sides. 

Lots  sold  readily,  but  only  ground-rent  deeds  were 
given.  The  quit-  or  ground-rents  amounted  to  a  con- 
siderable sum,  but  not  enongli  to  relieve  Downer 
from  debts  which  were  pressiiig  him. 

James  Webb,  Jr.,  higli-sheritf  of  the  county,  sold 
Downer  out  in  the  fall  of  1770,  and  his  lands,  in- 
cluding the  ground-rents,  were  purchased  by  Col. 
Alexander  Lowrey,  and  a  conveyance  was  made  to 
him  Nov.  10,  1770.  Col.  Lowrey  devised  the  ground- 
rents  to  his  daughter,  Frances  Evans,  in  1805,  who 
conveyed  them  to  John  Smith  about  the  year  1828, 
who  in  turn  conveyed  them  a  year  or  two  later  to 
John  Whitehiil,  some  of  whose  lieirs  continue  to  re- 
ceive ground-rent.  The  largest  number,  however, 
have  purchased  the  fee  simple  title  to  their  lots. 
Numerous  litigations  grew  out  of  these  ground-rents, 
which  in  some  instances  were  allowed  to  accumuhue, 
and  when  an  attempt  was  made  to  collect  the  rent  by 
levy  and  sale  many  poor  people  were  distressed. 

The  town  is  beautil'ully  located  upon  high  level 
ground,  al.iiut  two  miles  from  the  river,  where  there 
is  no  miasma.  To  the  absence  of  its  baleful  infiuenee 
Jlaytown  was  indebted  for  its  rapid  settlement. 
Many  of  the  pioneer  settlers  located  along  the  river 
about  the  different  ferries,  but  on  account  of  the 
fever  and  ague  wliich  (irevailed  among  them  many 
sought  to  esca[)e  the  dread  disease  by  moving  back  a 
few  miles. 

Pioneer  Settlers.—The  first  settlers  in  Maytown 
beh.ng.'d  to  the  German  Jterormed  and  Lutheran 
Churches.  A  large  numlier  of  them  were  mechanics. 
They  were  surrounded  by  English  land-holders.  The 
list  of  ta.xables  appended  for  1780  showsAvho  these 
early  settlers  were  : 

Willow    „r  Jiiiufo    .\iul,TBon    (une      Eriocli  Ilasliiiga. 

«l,ive)^  Fn-.kMick      Cailbuch      (»lill.l,e.u,e 

.Sl.,|-I,.l  AllTiglit.  a.nlinn). 


The  above  list  embraces  lot-holders  only.  There 
is  no  se|iarate  list  of  "  freemen"  for  the  town. 

The  List  of  Taxables  for  1807  exhibits  consider- 
abl€»growth.  Following  are  the  names  which  it  con- 
tains: 


ck  Sll 


Ju.iica  Uradley. 

Andrew  Ma 

Liiwreiico  Beshler. 

Henry  Jaco 

Catliiirlne  Bell   (vsiJu 

V  of  Walter 

Ilobert  John 

Bull). 

John  Kline. 

George  Barr,  Sr. 

Michael  Kn 

George  Barr,  Jr. 

I'hil.|,  King 

0«vu  l!u,r. 

Willow  Kill 

John  Burn. 

Heniy  I.utz 

Widow  Brenner. 

Slartin  I.iiid 

jRcob  Bei»t. 

Franeis  l.id 

Juba  Beisl. 

James  Maiz 

Joseph  Hell. 

John  M.ClM 

John  B.enneiniin. 

San.nel  Mrt 

James  Baily. 

William  M. 

Iloherl  Cuue.i. 

Niohohia  I'e 

John  Camiibell. 

Mary  Killei 

II.  Cameron. 

John  Smith 

.loliM  Hennison. 

Ja.ol.  Schir 

.Sl..plul  DruvenstaJt. 

John  Stonci 

John  Swoid 

L-onmiieli  Egle. 

Henry  Sink 

Janieu  Wo 
Joseph  Ke 


Prominent  Early  Settlers.— The  Camerons.— 

In  the  spring  of  1775  there  came  to  America  from 

Scotland,  ppon  the  same  vessel  which  brought  Rev. 

Colin  McFaniuliar  to  our  shores,  a  family  consisting 

of  Donald   Cameron  and  his  son  John,  and  Simon 

and  wife  (and  Ann  JIcKenzie,  who  was  probably  the 

I  sister  of  Simon's  wife,  who  is  known  to  have  been  a 

I  .McKen/.ie).     They   came   from    the  same   neighbor- 

!  hood,  and    weie    doulitless    intimate   friends.      The 


.king  01 


i-aine  to  Doncgu 
<•  lii>t  things  they  did  w 
lands  of  Dniiegal  Church 
Id  occupalioii.     Theciuan 


Mr.  .McF: 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


fannable  was  about  one-fifth  of  the  whole,  the  rest 
being  covered  with  timber.  After  Mr.  l\IcFarquliar 
piircluiHeJ  a  farm  about  two  miltM  iiortli  of  lAIouiit 
Joy  they  doubtless  farnieil  tlint,  for  iiouo  of  their 
names  are  upon  the  Donegal  u>so.-;>inent-rull  tor  two 
or  three  years. 

In  June,  1778,  Simon  and  his  brother,  John  Came- 
ron, took  the  oath  of  allegiance  before  James  Bayley, 
who  resided  upon  and  owned  the  "  Graybill  farm," 
now  owned  by  Abraham  N.  Cassel,  Esq.  Charles, 
son  of  Simon  Cameron,  learned  the  tailoring  trade  in 
Maytown.  After  attaining  full  age  lie  married  Miss 
I'foutz,  daughter  of  John  Pfoutz,  about  the  year  1794. 
The  family  wore  poor,  but  what  they  lacked  in  this 
world's  goods  Mrs.  Cameron  made  up  for  in  energy 
and  untiring  industry  with  her  needle.  Site  had  a 
vigorous  mind  and  an  undaunted  spirit  that  triumphed 
over  what  seemed  to  bo  insurmountable  difficulties 
that  threatened  to  crusli  her  spirit,  and  challenge  her 
husband  and  her  own  ability  to  support  a  large  and 
growing  family. 

Her  husband  purchased  the  hotel  at  the  M)Uthwe-t 
corner  of  the  square,  which  he  carried  on  lur  a  few 
years,  without,  however,  much  succe-s.  Here  their 
oldest  son,  William,  was  born  in  XIM.  In  tiie  tol- 
lowing  year  the  family  moved  to  a  small  frame  house 
on  thesouth  side  of  the  street  leading  west,  and  about 
tliree  hundred  feet  from  the  public  square.  luthis 
house  their  sons  John,  Simon,  and  James,  and  a  mMi-i', 
who  married  a  .Mr.  1!,,--^  wrre  liiini.  ■{'Iw  family 
removed  Irom  .Mavt.avn  to  Viiir-ai '-,  l-'criv,  and  Iroi'o 


thence,  al 


Norlli 


,herh' 


•hild,- 


M: 


and  Martha  [VUnitAi  Caiuci., 
tilled  to  become  the  fanidu^  |h 
Gen.  Simon  Cameron.  He  w 
lie  accompanied  the  family  to  .XorthumluTlaiiil 
County  when  he  was  about  iiinO  years  of  a-r,  wline 
his  father  shortly  afterward  dying  he  was  c.ist  upon 
his  own  exertions.  He  entered,  in  181(5,  as  an  appren- 
tice t(j  the  printing  business  with  Andrew  Kennedy, 
editor  of  the  Northumbarlaad  Countii  Gazette,  at  .Xurlh- 
umberland,  where  he  continued  one  year,  when  his  em- 
ployer, owing  to  financial  reverses,  was  obliged  to  clo^o 
bis  establishment.  Being  thus  thrown  out  .if  empl.iy- 
nient,  he  made  his  way  by  river-boat  and  on  foot  to 
Ilarrisburg,  where  he  secured  a  situiilinn  in  the  pi  int- 
ing-ollicc  of  James  Peacock,  cdil.ir  uf  the  Repuhfivun, 
with  whom  he  remained  until  he  had  altaincil  his  ma- 
jority. In  January,  1821,  he  went  to  1  )..ylrstiiwii, 
I'a.,  at  the  solicitation  of  Samuel  1),  Ingham,  where 
he  published  the  hacks  Cjuiiti/  jUeSxemjcr.  In  March 
of  the  same  year  lie  entered  into  partnership  with 
the    publisher  of  the   Bui/leslouiu  Dciiiocrnt,  ami   the 

lir lerged  their  papers  into  the  Bliris  Cvunt;/  Ihmn- 

cral,  which  pnblicaticn  was  continued  until  the  clo,r 
of  the  year  1821,  when  the  establishment  pa-M'd  ml,, 
the  hands  by  purcliase  cd'  Orn.  W.  T.  Pod-cis.     The 


Ml 


the  oH 


Messrs.  Gales  &  Seaton,  publishers  of  the  National  In- 
telVigencer,  at  AVashington,  as  a  journeyman  printer. 
He  returned  to  Harrisburg  in  182:!,  and  entered  into 
partn*rship  with  Charles  Mowry  in  the  management 
of  the  Penusijloaiiia  l/itelli(jeiicfr.  Having  becMi  the 
early  friend  and  supporter  of  Governor  Shulze,  upon 
his  ceasing  to  be  Slate  printer,  he  wa>  honored  by 
that  executive  with  the  appDintment  of  adjutant- 
general  of  Pennsylvania. 

Gen.  Cameron  at  an  early  period  took  a  deep  in- 
terest in  the  development  of  internal  improvements, 
and  took  extensive  contracts  upon  the  Pennsylvania 
Canal,  then  in  process  of  construction.  In  1826  he 
began  building  the  .section  between  Harrisburg  and 
Sunbury,  and  after  this  was  well  under  way  he  took  one 
or  two  sections  on  the  western  division  of  the  canal. 
When  Louisiana  granted  a  charter  to  the  State  Bank 
of  that  commonwealth,  it  [irovided  that  the  bank 
should  build  a  canal  fmin  Lake  Pontcliartrain  to  New 
Orleans.  (Icn.  I'.uikmiii  took  the  contract  for  that 
great  win-k,  wliich  was  then  regarded  by  engineers  as 
the  greatest  undcitakiiig  of  the  time.  In  1831  he 
started  fur  New  Orlcaii-.  He  employed  twelve  hun- 
dred men  in  I'liilad.lpliia,  and  sent  them  by  sea  to 
that  city.  He,  with  his  engineers  and  tools,  went 
down  the  Mi^Mssippi  Uiver,  embarking  at  Pittsburgh, 
He  spent  nearly  half  a  year  upon  the  work,  and  deiii  ■ 
oiistrated  beyond  a  duiilii  its  entire  feasibility.  He 
was  recalled  from  his  w.,rk  on  the  Lake  Pontcluirtrain 
G.iiial  by  asii.iiiih.iis  fr,„,i  .Maj.  Kat..n,  Secretary  of 
War  under  (i,„.  , lacks,,,),  who  rcipicstt-d  him  to  re- 
turn todV'nn-,ylvaniaaiid  or-.ini/,e  a  delegation  to  the 
National  Conventiuii,  whirl,  had  been  called  to  meet 
ill  Baltimore,  (ieii.  ( 'aimouii  rc-pccted  the  summons, 
<aiiie  home  and  oi-am/r.l  a  d. •legation  that  went  to 
Baltimore  in  the  iuteiol  .,t  Mr,  V^m  Buren  f,r  the 
Vice-I're-i, hairy.  Tins  wa.  llie  11,-^t  National  Con- 
veiiti.,11  e\.a-  held  in  llie  r,ilted  S;ale,. 

.\ftcrthe  Nali.,,ialCo,ivei,ii,,,i  i,i  I lall iinore  he  was 
appoii.te.l  a  \i-il  ,r  lo  Wet  I'wiiit  l,y  r,,;\.  Jackson. 

1,1  the  winter  of  18;i2  the  Legislature  chartered  the 
hank  at  .Mi.ldlclown,  and  he  became  its  cashier. 
From  the  hrst  the  hank  was  successful,  but  the  duties 
of  cashier  were  so  llinitcil  that  (Jen.  Cameron  sought 
other  fields  of  labor  and  nsdiilncss,  although  he  re- 
mained there  tweiity-fi v,;  years.  He  projected  and 
created  (he  r.nlniad.  Ii.,in  Middlelown  to  Lancaster, 
fn,iii  liar,  1.1,111-  1,,  S,i,il,,in  ,  lioiii  Harrisburg  to  Lch- 
aiii,ii,aiid  at  llie-..L,i,e  lime  e:a\e  large  encouragement 
to  the  Cumberland  Valley  Railroad.  .Vn,|  in  this 
c.n, lection  it  mav  be  >tal,Ml  that  the  Northern  Cen- 
tral Uailr,,a.l  from  I  Ian  i>l,u,g  I,,  Baltimore  was  cap- 
tured  by    him   li,,in    jlalli re   interest-  and   made  a 


In    18;iS,   Preside 
Cameron  the  ajipo 


EAST   DONEGAL   TOWNSHIP. 


781 


James  Murray,  one  of  the  most  respected  citizens  of 
Maryland,  under  a  treaty  witli  tlie  Winnebago  In- 
dians to  settle  and  adjust  the  claims  made  against  the 
Indians  by  the  traders. 

In  1845,  when  James  K.  I'l.lk  tiii.kred  the  Stale 
Department  to  James  Burlianaii,  and  that  gentleman 
resigned  liis  seat  in  the  Senate  of  the  United  States, 
an  election  to  supply  the  vacancy  became  necessary. 
Gen.  Cameron  was  at  this  time  in  recognized  sym- 
pathy with  the  Democratic  party,  and  selected  as  the 
representative  of  the  wing  of  the  party  which  favored 
the  policy  of  a  protective  tariti".  The  regular  caucus 
nominee  of  the  Democracy,  however,  was  George  W. 
Woodward,  which  was  regarded  as  a  free  trade  tri- 
umph, rendering  it  possible  for  some  other  Democrat 
known  lo  be  honestly  devoted  to  the  ever-cherished 
policy  of  the  State  to  be  elected  by  a  union  of  the 
Whigs,  Americans,  and  those  Democrats  in  favor  of 
the  protective  policy.  The  result  was  the  election  of 
Simon  Cameron  to  the  United  States  Senate.  From 
March,  1845,  to  March  4,  1849,  he  served  his  State 
faithfully  in  that  body,  and  proved  himself  true  to 
the  great  interests  committed  to  his  ciiarge,  and  he 
never  wearied  in  the  su|)port  of  the  principles  on 
which  he  was  elected. 

In  the  winter  of  1857  the  entire  opposition  mem- 
bers of  the  Legislature,  consisting  of  Whigs,  Native 
-Vmericans,  and  Tarilf  Men,  selected  Gen.  Cameron 
as  their  candidate  to  fill  the  place  of  Senator  Brod- 
liead,  whose  term  of  service  exjiired  on  the  4th  of 
JIarch  that  year.  He  was  elected  for  the  full  term, 
and  he  took  his  .seat  in  the  Senate  on  the  4tb  of 
March,  notwithstanding  the  futile  assault  maile  by 
liis  colleague  from  Pennsylvania,  Mr.  Bigler,  upon  his 
title  to  the  place,  and  which  that  body  refused  to 
consider.  Gen.  Cameron's  return  to  the  United  States 
Senate  brought  liini  again  prominently  before  the  pub- 
lic, and  in  the  political  movements  which  ])receded 
the  campaign  of  1800  he  was  named  as  the  choice  of 
Pennsylvania  for  the  Presidency,  and  liis  name  early 
associated  with  that  of  Mr.  Lincoln  in  connection 
with  the  Republican  national  ticket. 

Gen.  Cameron's  national  career  began  at  the  Chi- 
cago Convention  in  18iJ0,  when  the  Ilepublican  jiarty, 
crystallized  into  a  national  organization,  made  its 
open,  clear,  and  stern  antagonism  to  slavery.  With 
intuitive  sagacity  the  advocates  of  slavery  recognized 
in  the  Republican  party  the  force  which  would  ulti- 
mately overthrow  it.  When  Mr.  Lincoln  was  nomi- 
nated, Gen.  Cameron  made  himself  felt  in  such  a 
manner  as  to  win  the  confidence  of  that  illustrious 
statesman.  After  the  great  political  battle  of  that 
year,  Gen.  Cameron  was  the  flr^t  ni  tho.-e  to  whom 
Mr.  Lincoln  turned  for  counsel,  and  the  otler  of  a 
cabinet  office  by  the  latter  to  the  foriiuT  was  a  volun- 
tary act,  and  that  appointment  would  have  bciii  iii:ide 
the  first  in  the  selection  of'liis  ciliinrt  had  not  iii- 
liigiies  interfered  to  defer  it  at  the  linx'.  .Air.  I.iih.iln 
looked   on  Gen.  Cameron   from   first   lo   last  not  ,inly 


as  his  political,  but  his  warm  personal  friend,  and 
there  were  no  such  relations  e.\isting  between  the 
President  and  his  other  constitutional  advisers.  This 
fatt  was  well  known  when  the  cabinet  was  organized. 
While  he  was  in  the  War  Department  hfs  counsel 
was  not  only  potential  in  cabinet  meetings,  but  was 
sought  by  the  President  in  private. 

Believing  that  the  civil  war  would  require  all  the 
available  resources  of  the  nation  to  preserve  the 
Union,  doubting  the  speedy  settlement  of  the  trouble, 
he  began  as  Secretary  of  War  a  scale  of  preparations 
to  combat  it  which  puzzled  the  oldest  officers  in  the 
army  and  chagrined  the  leaders  of  the  Rebellion, 
who  had  calculated  much  on  the  supineness  and 
lethargy  of  the  Northern  people.  Gen.  Cameron  frus- 
trated this  hope  by  his  energy,  but  he  had  the  cabi- 
net to  a  man  against  him.  The  minister  who  thus 
labored  to  equip  his  country  for  a  struggle  with  trea- 
son, the  proportions  of  wdiich  he  alone  seemed  fully 
to  appreciate,  was  assailed  for  each  and  all  of  these 
acts.  Mr.  Lincoln  had  the  fullest  confidence  in  his 
Secretary  of  War ;  he  believed  in  his  sagacity  and  re- 
lied on  his  courage,  but  he  could  not  wholly  with- 
stand the  clamor  against  him,  so  that  Gen.  Cameron, 
to  relieve  Mr.  Lincoln  from  embarrassment,  resolved 
to  resign,  and  on  the  11th  of  January,  18G2,  returned 
the  portfolio  of  the  War  Department  to  the  Presi- 
dent;  but  in  that  act  he  commanded  the  renewed 
confidence  of  Mr.  Lincoln,  who  the  day  he  accepted 
his  resignation  nominated  the  retiring  minister  for 
the  most  imiiortant  diplomatic  mission  in  his  gift. 
Nor  was  this  all:  Mr.  Lincoln  insisted  that  Gen. 
Cameron  should  name  his  own  successor,  an  act 
which  no  retiring  cabinet  officer  ever  did  before  or 
since.  The  mission  to  Russia  involved  the  safe  and 
sagacious  handling  of  mir  relafions  with  the  Czar's 
government  at  a  moauiit  when  it  demanded  the  most 
prudent  direction. 

The  relatione  between  Mi-.  Lincoln  and  Mr.  Came- 
ron were  always  most  cordial,  and  iiinncdiately  upon 
his  return  to  the  United  Stiites  he  was  the  accepted 
;  citizen-counselor  at  the  White  House.     At  this  time 
'  efforts  were  being  matle  looking  to  defeating  the  re- 
i  nomination  nf  Mr.  Lincoln  for  a  second  term.     Gen. 
I  Cameron   vi^ited   the    national    capital  repeatedly  at 
'  that  time,  and  on  reaching  his  farm  in  Donegal,  after 
a  return   from  one  of  these  visits  had  a   pajjcr   pre- 
1  pared,  embodying  the  merits  of  Mr.  Lincoln  as  Presi- 
I  dent,  acknowledging  the  fidelity  and  integrity  of  his 
j  first  administration,  and  declaring  that  his  renomina- 
I  tion  and  re-election  involved  a  necessity  essential  to 
!  the  success  of  the  war  for  the  Union.     That   paper 
was  submitted  to   the  l{epublicati   members  of  !i<.th 
branc1u-s  of  the   Lcgi.-hitin v  of  the  Stair  of  PrinHvl- 


la,  every  i 
presentet 


Mr.  Limuln,: 
country  at  large.  Its  pulilical 
that  the  forclhought  of  its  origi 
three  weeks  alter  the   issuing 


782 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


curious  spectacle  to  watch  the  precipitation  with 
whicli  the  Republicans  in  all  the  States  hastened  to 
declare  in  favor  of  Jlr.  Lincoln's  renomination  ;  so 
that  when  the  National  Convention  assembled  to  do 
that  act,  there  was  no  opposition  to  hiui. 

From  18G4  to  18(3G,  Gen.  Cameron  took  a  very  ac- 
tive part  in  the  politics  of  Pennsylvania,  giving  to 
the  organization  of  the  Republican  i)arty  a  prestige 
which  enabled  it  to  bear  down  all  opposition. 

In  IStiG  he  was  re-elected  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, a  position  he  held  a  longer  term  of  years  than 
any  man  sent  to  the  same  body  from  the  State  of 
Pennsylvania.  His  influence  on  national  legislation 
was  as  great  as  that  of  any  num  that  ever  served  in 
the  Senate.  The  singularity  of  this  influence  is  re- 
vealed in  greater  force  when  it  is  remembered  that  he 
seldom  participated  in  debate.  He  made  no  preten- 
sion to  oratory,  but  his  talk  was  sound,  his  argument 
lucid,  and  his  statement  of  fact  impregnable.  ^VlK^t 
he  lacked  in  fervid,  flashing  speech  he  made  up  in 
terse,  solid  common  sense.  From  the  time  he  entered 
the  Senate  until  he  resigned  his  seat  in  1877 — a  con- 
tinuous service  of  eleven  years — he  was  recognized 
as  one  of  its  most  useful  and  reliable  nienibers,  and 
at  the  date  of  his  resignation  was  cliainnan  of  ibi.' 
Coiumittee  on  Foreign  Relations,  a  p..siii.Mi  only  ac- 
corded to  a  seiuitor  of  adnjittcd  statc-'inan^liip.  He 
was  foremost  always  in  practical  lei;i<laiioii.  Jli> 
opinions  on  questions  of  commerce,  HianulacUirinL', 
finance,  internal  improvements,  fortilicaliMii,,  and  the 


ral   children.     He  lived   to  be 
He  nianufac- 


where   he   raised 
almost  a  centenarian. 

John  Nicholas  was  a  blacks 
tu red  L*oads words  for  the  Revolutionary  army.  His 
children  were  Jacob,  born  V(','J;  Catharine,  Tjorn 
1773;  Nicholas,  born  1775;  Mary,  born  1777;  and 
^LirL'aret,    born    177S,   who    married    Fred.    Draben- 


Enoch   Hastings 
By  trade  he  was  a 


of  thi 


public  domain  were  always  accepted  asLMii^linL'  iimn- 
sel.  He  encouraged  the  building  of  the  fii-l  I'acilif 
Railroad,  was  a  warm  .supporter  of  0])ening  the  pub- 
lic lands  to  actual  ,-ettk'is.  He  lost  no  opportunity 
to  advocate  and  lurlbcr  the  organization  ol  new 
States,  and  regarded  the  expansion  of  the  boundaries 
of  the  Union  as  the  oidy  true  course  to  preserve  the 
equilibrium  of  power  between  the  sections.  He  made 
history  as  few  other  statesmen  in  this  country  created 
it,  by  producing  results  in  the  practical  walks  of  life. 


History  in  its  broadest  scope  will  ever  keep  such  in- 
live  in  this  country,  for  their  models  in  jmblic  af- 
fairs. 

Gen.  Cameron  married  ALirgaret  Brua,  daughter  of 
Peter  Brua,  of  Harrisburg,  and  their  children  were 
Rachel,  married  Judge  Burnside,  of  Bellefonte;  Brua; 
Margaret,  married  Richard  J.  Haldeman ;  James 
Donald;  and  Virginia,  married  Wayne  JlacVeagh. 

Other  Settlers, — Daniel  Gillman  was  (me  of  the 
pioneer  settlers.  He  nninnfactured  nuiskets  f(jr  the 
Continental  army.  His  daughter  and  sons  were  Bar- 
bara, who  married  George  Baist ;  Nicholas,  who  mar- 
ried Catarine  Mackert ;  Elizabctli,  bora  1S(I2;  aud 
Jacob,  born  1804. 

Dominick  Eagle  came  to  Maytown  about  the  year 
1785.  He  was  a  wagon-maker,  and  also  cried  ven- 
dues. He  had  two  sons.— Henry,  who  was  also  a 
wagon-maker,  and  John,  who  resided  in  31aytuwn, 


leer  settlers, 
rpenter,  he  also  made  it  a  busi- 
ness to  shine  shingles.  His  son  Enoch  was  also  a 
carpenter;  John  was  a  saddler;  Sally  has  made  May- 
town  famous  in  poetry.  She  was  a  remarkable  lady, 
and  may  justly  be  classed  among  the  celebrities. 

James  Eagan  was  a  redemptioner,  and  was  pur- 
chased for  a  term  of  years  by  the  late  John, Halde- 
man to  pay  his  passage  from  Ireland.  He  was  very 
industrious,  and  came  to  be  a  most  e.xcellent  busi- 
ness man  and  an  exemplary  citizen.  Before  his  term 
expired  with  ]Mr.  Haldeman  he  saved  some  money  by 
extra  work.  The  latter,  who  was  a  good  judge  of  the 
character  and  capabilities  of  men,  saw  in  Eagan 
many  good  ipialities,  and  he  assisted  him  to  establish 
a  small  store  in  ^laytown.  By  strict  integrity  and 
attei;lioii  to  business  he  accumulated  money  rapidly, 
lie  purchased  the  two-story  stone  dwelling  at  the 
luirtheast  corner  of  the  sipiare.  His  business  ex- 
teialed.  and  his  u  as  the  only  store  llicii  west  of  Lan- 
caster in  uhieh  tea,  eollee,  sugar,  and  bar-iron  Could 
be  pur.'hased  in  Doiic-al  an.l  surn.un.linL' tc.wnships. 
.-^ome  of  Ins  doeend.inls  are  living  in  Philadelphia. 

Walter  Bell  came  Ir.mi  Upper  Paxton  to  Maytown 
about  the  year  177U.  He  was  a  tailor  by  trade,  and 
also  kept  taveiii,  and  foi  several  years  was  constable 
ol  l)o[iegal  town-hip.  He  was  ensign  in  Col.  Lowrey's 
battalion  in   1777,  and  uas  at  the  iKrttIc  of  Brandv- 


The  i)ioneersettl 
Gailbach.  He  ca 
laid  out  with  hi: 
bought  the  lot  at  t 


theCailhach  family  was  John 
)  -Maytown  soon  after  it  was 
1,  Frederick  Gailbach,  who 
ilhwest  corner  of  the  square, 


upon  winch  he  elected  a  I  ii^c  sloiie  tavern  in  Iront, 
and  in  the  rear  a  .sti>ne  still-lioiise,  about  the  year 
1702orl7li3.  It  was  the  lii-t  tavern  stand  erected  in 
the  place,  and  duiiug  the  Kevohuioiiary  war  it  be- 
came the  best  km. h  ii  and  mo-l  proiuiiicnt  taveiii  ill 
the  township  and  neighborhoud.  Military  niusteis 
and  fairs  weriC  of  fretpient  occurrence  in  this  old 
town.  There  was  a  great  deal  of  travel  through  May- 
town  to  Vinegar's,  (ialbraith's,  Rankin's,  and  Harris' 
Fenies,  which  made  Ijotel-keeidng  a  profitable  busi- 
ness in  the  town,  (iailbach  accumulated  a  large 
estate.  His  wife's  name  was  Ann.  He  died  in  17'J7, 
leaving  the  following-named  children  :  Frederick, 
Catharine  (Mackey),  Barbara  Anna  (Brennenianj, 
Elizabeth  (who  also  married  a  lirenneman),  and 
3Iary  (Johnson). 

John  Gailbach,  a  brother  of  Frederick,  was  a  prom- 
inent citizen.     He  niarned    Magdalena  Bucher,  the 


KAST    DONKGAL   TOWNSIIIR 


7Sa 


oldest  child  of  Christian  liiicliL-i-,  who  was  the  graiul- 
niother  of  Bayard  Taylor  by  her  second  hiiabaiid, 
Caleb  Way.  He  died  in  1797,  leaviiij;  a  widow,  Mary, 
and  six  children. 

Dorcas,  widow  of  Jolm  Huehaniiun,  and  daughter 
of  Col.  Rertrani  Galbraith,  died  at  Maytown  in  islo, 
and  left  surviving  her  sons, — William,  who  had  a 
duughter  Giilelta;  James  Galbraith  liuehaiinan,  who 
resided  at  Elizabethtown,  and  al'terwards  movi-d  to 
Marietta,  where  he  died;  and  Thomas  (i.,  who  was  a 
captain  in  the  war  of  18!:^. 

The  German  Reformed  Church  was  organized  in 
the  spring  of  17(35,  and  for  five  years  thereafter  preach- 
ing wa^  had  at  private  houses.  On  the  first  day  of 
August,  17G9,  Jacob  Downer,  who  laid  out  the  town, 
gave  to  Christian  Fox  and  Garret  Fiscus  a  lot  of 
ground  for  the  use  of  "  the  congregation  of  the  Re- 
formed Church  of  the  High  Dutch  Protestants  of 
Maytown,"  two  lots  of  ground  measuring  sixty-two 
and  one-half  feet  each  on  the  south  side  of  Elizabeth 
Street,  and  two  hundred   and   fifty  feet  deep.     The 

first  pastor  was  Rev. Hinkle,  the  second  Rev. 

Ludwig  Cupp,  who  preached  lor  the  congregation 
niilil  1797.  For  the  following  eight  years  the  church 
was  without  a  regular  pastor,  the  congregation  de- 
clined, and  the  old  log  meeting-house  went  to  decay. 
In  1805  a  renewed  etl'ort  was  made  to  bnild  up  ihe 
congregation,  and  Col.  Henry  Haines,  who  was  a 
member  of  the  church,  and  a  member  of  the  As- 
sembly in  lS05-lj,'prucuicd  an  "act  to  raise  by  way 
of  lottery  a  sum  of  money  to  defray  the  expenses  of 
huililing  a  Presbyterian  Church  in  the  village  of  ^lay- 
town,"  wdiieh  was  approved  by  the  Governor  March 
L'.'i,  1.S05.  The  managers  named  in  the  act  ueie 
George  HoUinger,  John  Haldeman,  Jacob  Long, 
Philip  Gorner,  Frederick  Gailbach,  and  James  Eagaii. 
The  sum  they  were  to  raise  was  not  to  exceed  three 
thousand  dollars.  Henry  Haines,  Frederick  Gail- 
bach,  and  .lohn  Mc(_'lure's  names  are  recorded  upon 
the  church  book,  as  the  builders.  The  church  build- 
ing co,t  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  thirty-.-ix 
dollars. 

George  Hollinger,  being  a  fine  organist,  and  one  of 
the  leading  members  of  the  church,  pro.  urcd  sub- 
scriptions for  the  purchase  of  an  organ.  (»n  the  L'Nt 
day  of  N,.veniber,  1,^(17,  this  church,  .Maul, em,, 
Rapho,  and  lilaser's  Churche,,  nulled  in  calling  llic 
Rev.  Henry  B.  .-^Iialliier,  a  .-,ludcnt  of  tlu'olony,  Willi 
the  Rev.  Baker,  of  B.ihlniore,  and  on  .lulv  10,  isos, 
he  preached  his  installation  >ernion  in  M.ivtown.  lie 
served  this  congregati(ni  lor  a  number  of  years,  and 
was  succeeded  by  the  Rev.  ().  IL  ilolfheins,  I'hoina, 
C.  Porter,  E.  V.  Gerhart,  F.  A.  Ga-,t,  .1.  (i.  I'-ntchev, 
J.  P.  Pennybacker,  R.  H.  Hlnuikel,  ,1.  P.  Brown,  and 
J.  T.  Resser.      .\t  pre-ent  the  church  has  .Mipplie-,. 

The  Lutheran  Church  was  organized  in  17iii;,  and 


or  severa 
:.h  Down 


the  "  High  Dutch  German  Lutheran  congregation, 
two  lots  of  ground,  fronting  on  Jacob  Street  sixty-two 
feet,  and  two  huudre<I  and  fifty  feet  in  depth."  This 
churali  is  known  and  the  title  reads  u])on  its  record, 
"Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  of  the  Augsburg 
Coiil'essiiHi."  The  first  building  was  constructed  of 
logs  in  1771.  The  fir.st  pastor  was  Rev.  Michael  En- 
terlein,  who  was  succeeded  by  J.  Frederick  lUing, 
177.S;  Frederick  Theodore  Melsheimer,  178-1;  Fred- 
erick Ernst,  1SU2 ;  John  Paul  Ferdinand  Kramer, 
ISOiJ;  John  Jacob  .Strciu,  1816-21;  J.  Speck,  1824; 
Frederick  Ruthratf,  1828;  Peter  Sahm,  1833  ;  L.  Ger- 
hardt,  1838;  William  Gerhardt,  1847;  Jacob  B. 
Christ,  1852;  William  G.  Lartzle,  1S54  ;  B.  F.  Apple, 
18G2;  F.  T.  Hoover,  1868;  D.  Stock,  1870;  G.  P. 
Weaver,  1874;  J.  V.  Eckerd,  1878;  Milton  Stein, 
1880;  and  the  present  pastor,  J.  H.  Houseman, 
1882. 

The  male  comnuinicants  in  1772  were  Adam  Nas, 
Christian  Weniger,  Sr.,  Jacob  Wolf,  Peter  Linde- 
nuith,  George  Lindemuth,  George  Iviinlings,  Adam 
Klopffer,  Frederick  Bauer,  Simon  Jost,  Matthew 
Stier,  William  Beck,  Jacob  Mars,  Henry  Hubley, 
Valentine  Stier,  Matthew  Kline,  Christian  Weniker, 
Jr.,  Philip  King,  Frederick  Geig,  Adam  Hubley, 
Ludwig  8cliultz,'.racob  Menico. 

For  the  Year  Lslii  the  members  were  Henry  Mil- 
ler, Williiun  Hinkel,  Elizabeth  Hinkel,  Ludwig 
Lehman,  Barbara  Lehman,  Peter  Lindemuth,  Bar- 
biira  Lindemuth,  Catharine  Lindemuth,  Elizabeth 
Lindemuth,  Philip  Brenner,  Hannah  Brenner,  George 
Lindemutli,  Christina  Lindemuth,  John  Lindemuth, 
r.ali.Lrine  Lindemuth,  Daniel  Kapp,  Maria  Kapp, 
John  GOpfert,  Ann  Barbara  Gilpfert,  Jacob  Schreiner, 
Elizabeth  Schreiner,  John  Schaefler,  John  Dolba, 
Andreas  Schargen,  W^illiam  Hinktd,  Jacob  Linde- 
muth, Ludwig  Lelunan,  Magdalena  Shimp,  George 
Miller,  Eve  Esterle,  John  Stoner,  Catharine  Gliipfer, 
Henry  Nicholas,  Frederick  Bauer,  Lewis  Lindemuth, 
J(jhn  Lindemuth,  Maria  Schmidt,  Catharine  Kuhn, 
Eli/aheth  Garner,  Barbara  Miller,  Margaret  Rine- 
hard,  Catharine  .McLkirdy,  Christina  (hirner,  Regina 
Spohn,  Magdalena  (hiplbrt,  Elizabeth  G.ipfort,  Mag- 
dalena Barns. 

riie  present  stone  church  was  erected  in  1804. 
Church  of  God.  —  More  than  twenty-five  years 
since  a  society  of  this  denoniination  was  organized  in 
Maytown,  with  ten  or  twelve  constituent  members. 
It  was  at  lir-l  .i  brancli  (jf  the  church  at  Bainbridgfe. 
."■Services  were  held  occasionally  in  the  Reformed 
t;|iurch,  and  prayer-meetings  were  held  at  private 
houses.  Prominent  among  the  first  members  were 
Benjamin  llerr,  Frederick  Reidlinger,  J(din  L.  Mar- 
tin, .lacob  Hull,  Michael  Sherbahan,  John  15ron- 
steter,  Christian  Grove,  and  others.  The  tiuniber  of 
members  gradually  increased,  and  in  1859  a  church 
building  was  erected.  Ft  is  a  brick  structure,  forty 
by  forty-eii;ht  leet  in  size,  plainly  but  well  finisiied. 
A   tower  was  added,   and    the  inside   was  remodeled 


:s4 


HISTORY    OP   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


about  ten  years  since.  Tlii8  society  uas  at  first  jias- 
toriilly  connected  with  tliat  at  AFount  .loy,  and  sub- 
sequently with  thut  iit  ISainbiidfic. 

Methodist  Episcopal  Church.— Hall"  a  century 
since  tliere  weie  but  a  lew  Metliodists  in  Maytown. 
Services  were  occasionally  held  in  school-houses  and 
]irivate  houses,  but  no  place  of  worship  was  creeled 
till  1859.  In  that  year  the  ])resent  house  was  built 
and  a  society  organized.  The  constituent  members 
were  Mrs.  Barbara  Brenenian,  Jlrs.  Nancy  Stape, 
Mrs.  Mary  Beschler,  Mrs.  Nancy  SchroU,  George 
Spiese,  Jlrs.  Mary  Speise,  and  Mrs.  Margaret  Dunkle. 

The  house  is  a  Cramed  building  thirly-one  by  forty- 
two  feet  in  size,  and  it  lias  had  only  ordinary  repairs. 
The  following  clergymen  have  been  pastors:  Revs.  J. 

Cook,  Joseph  Gregg,  John  Wheeler,  Matthias, 

Taylor   Gray,   • McFarland,    Lindermuth, 

Geiger.  and  J.  Wood,  the  present  pastor. 

Public  Hall. — This  building  was  erected  by  the 
Maytown  Infantry  in  1853  for  an  armory.  In  1SC9  it 
was  sold  10  Henry  S.  Book,  David  E.  Shutter,  Jere- 
miah .'^lialliur,  and  George  Kendig.  In  1870  a  story 
was  addud  for  a  grange  hall,  and  the  first  .story  was 


David  Grove. 

Cemeteries. — The  churchyard  of  the  Reformed 
Church  is  a  cemetery,  and  here  are  entombed  many 
of  the  "  forelathers  of  the  hamlet."  The  Lutheran 
churchyard  was  also,  in  accordance  with  ancient  cus- 
tom, a  place  of  sepulture;  but  in  1871  a  cemetery 
association  was  organized,  with  ii  capital  of  fifteen 
hundred  dollars  in  shares  of  ten  dollars  each.  Be- 
tween three  and  four  acres  of  laud  adjoining  the 
Lutheran  Church  grounds  were  jmrchased  and  fitted 
np  for  a  cemetery.  John  Hayes  has  been  from  tlie 
first  the  iiresident  of  the  association. 


Industries.— 

In  1800,  Michael  Sherbahn  erected  a 

brick-kiln  at  th 

e  south   end  of  the  village  of  May- 

town,  and  the  i 

Kiiiufactnrc  of  brick  has  ever  since 

been  carried  on 

there.     Benjamin  Henderson  became 

owner  of   the  p 

•opcrty  in   1870,  and  in   1882  L.  B. 

Lenhart,  the  pr 

csent   proprietor,  purchased   it.     All 

varieties    of   l,r 

ck  are    manulactured   here,  and  the 

annual    prodiul 

on   is    five   hundred   tlKJU-and.     Ten 

Longenecker's  brick-yard  was  started  in  1820  by 
Frederick  Sherbalin.  After  his  death  it  became  the 
jifoperty  of  his  son  Benjamin,  and  in  1877,  after  the 
death  of  latter,  it  was  purchased  by  the  present  owner 
anil  operator,  ( 'hristian  Longenecker.  Eight  hands 
are  employed  in  this  yard,  and  the  annual  production 
is  five  hundred  thoii.-iand  bricks. 

Frederick  Sberhahn  was  a  manufacturer  of  bricks 
at  a  very  early  period  in  the  histcjry  of  this  town, 
how  early  cannot  imw  In-  a-cerlained,  |irobably 
before  the  commeneenient  of  this  ceiiluiy. 

The  population  of  Maytown  is  estimated  at  eight 
liundred.      Its  business   interests    are   represented   by 


three  general  stores,  two  confectionery  and  variety 
stores,  one  drug-store,  two  brick-yards,  five  cigar 
manufactories,  one  coach-shop,  one  wagon-shop,  two 
blacksmith-shops,  one  tin-shop,  three  cabinet-shops, 
one  shoe-shop,  one  tailor-shop,  one  car|>et-wcaver, 
two  tobacco  warehouses,  one  cigar-box  factory,  two 


HIOGRAriilCAL     SKETCHES. 


HON.    ABR.^.M    N.    C.A.'^.^l-L. 

Hon.  Abram  N.  Casscl,  the  progenitor  of  the  Cassel 
family,  emigrated  from  Ilesse-Cassel,  Germany,  to 
America  about  1680,  and  settled  in  Germantown,  near 
Philadelphia.  Abram  Cassel,  hearing  that  fine  land 
was  to  be  obtained  in  Lancaster  County,  came  thither 
with  an  elder  brother  in  1750  and  settled  in  Rapho 


township,  wiiere  t 
log  house. 

Abram  was  the 
Esther  Weiss  and 
12,   1776;  Maria, 


ey  felled  the  forests 


her  of  a  son  Abram,  who  married 
d  children, — Henry,  born  March 
irn  Dec.  13,  1779;  and  Abram, 
I  whose  birth  occurred  Dec.  14, 1782.  Henry,  the  eldest 
son,  localeil  at  Sporting  Hill,  Rapho  township,  and 
in  1805  came  to  Maiietta,  wdiere  he  became  an  inllu- 
eiitial  citizen  and  one  of  the  pioneers  in  the  lumber 
trade  on  the  Susquehanna  from  Lancaster  County. 
During  the  year  1812  he  established  an  extended  coal 
trade,  having  sold  the  jiroduct  at  an  average  i>rice  of 
ten  dollars  per  ton.  He  organized  an  individual  bank, 
which  was  afterward  merged  in  the  old  Marietta 
Bank,  of  wliich  he  was  the  first  president.  Mr.  Cas- 
sel married  Catherine,  daughter  of.  Jacob  Nelf,  of 
Lancaster  County,  and  had  seven  children,  of  whom 
Abram  N.,  Elizabeth  T.,  Ann  C.  (Mrs.  Curran),  and 
John  C.  survived.  ^  The  former  two  arc  still  living. 
Mr.  Cassel  was  the  original  owner  of  the  ground  on 
which  the  east  poi  tinn  of  Marietta  now  stands.  His 
death  occurred  at  the  homestead  in  the  borough 
whose  growth  bis  enterprise  had  greatly  promoted. 
His  son,  Abiam  N.,  was  born  Jan.  28,  1810,  in  Ma- 
rietta, where  until  eleven  years  of  age  he  pursued  his 
studies  under  the  direction  of  Joseph  Jetfers  and 
William  Rankin.  He  then  spent  three  years  as  clerk, 
the  latter  year  being  passed  at  Bainbridge,  after  which 
he  returned  to  iNIarietta.  At  the  age  of  fifteen  he  be- 
came an  apprentice  to  a  liatter,  and  after  a  period  of 
two  years'  service  acquired  the  trade.  Having  at  the 
expiration  of  the  third  year  as  journeyman  aecunui- 
lated  a  small  sum,  be  in  1830  began  business  witli  a 
partner,  whieb  \\:is  later  conducted  alone  until  the 
year  1848.  He  had  im  Miiwhile  continued  his  studies 
under  the  direetiiui  of  teachers  specially  employed  by 
himself  and  bis  companions,  who  availed  themselves 
(d'  the  evening  hour  as  the  oidy  period  of  leisure  at 
their  disi.osal. 


i^i^ts 


/:u<f 


/C^   Xa ^fU^vJ^^^>^ 


EAST   DONEGAL   TOWNSHIP. 


785 


In  1834  lie  was  elected  one  of  the  first  school  direc- 
tors under  the  common  school  law  of  Pennsylvania, 
and  aided  materially  in  enforcing  the  law.  This  oflBce 
he  held  at  intervals  until  1844.  He  was  elected  to 
the  State  Legislature  in  1837,  and  served  during  the 
sessions  of  1837, 1838,  and  1839,  when  he  aided  in  fram- 
ing the  important  laws  under  the  Constitution  of  1838. 

Mr.  Cassel  was  married  in  1847  to  Jlary  Jane, 
daughter  of  Jacob  Stahl,  of  Marietta.  Of  the  seven 
children  born  to  them  but  two  survive, — Henry  Burd 
and  George  Lincoln.  To  the  public  spirit  and  energy 
of  Jlr.  Cassel  and  his  father  tlie  borough  of  Marietta 
is  largely  indebted  for  its  development  and  progress. 
The  Ibrmer  is  one  of  the  prouioters  and  builders  of 
the  Lanca.ster  and  Marietta  Turnpike  Company,  of 
which  he  has  been  an  officer  since  its  organization. 
He  has  also  participated  in  the  management  of  the 
Marietta  and  Mount  Joy  Turnpike  Company.  He 
has  been  for  years  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Coun- 
cilmen  of  the  borough.  In  politics,  Mr.  Cassel  early 
affiliated  with  the  Anti-Masonic  jiarty,  and  later  with 
the  Whigs,  from  which  the  transition  to  the  ranks  of 
the  Republican  party  was  not  difficult.  He  was  in 
his  religious  belief  originally  a  Mennonite,  but  in 
1848  became  connected  with  the  Presbyterian  Church 
of  Marietta,  of  which  he  is  an  elder. 


gal  township.  Their  children  are  Elizabeth  (Mrs. 
Johnson),  Stephen  G.,  Ada,  Annie,  who  died  when 
thirteen  years  of  age;  Franklin,  whose  death  resulted 
fro]«  an  accident,  and  E.  Stanton  and  Henry  L. 

jNIr.  Musser's  political  sympathies  are  with-the  Re- 
publican party.  He  has  served  as  school  director, 
and  for  two  terms  held  the  office  of  inspector  of 
county  prisons.  He  is  also  director  of  the  First  Na- 
tional Bank  of  Marietta.  He  is  a  supporter  in  re- 
ligion of  the  denomination  known  as  River  Brethren, 
as  also  of  the  United  Brethren,  his  sous  being  edu- 
cated at  the  college  of  the  latter  in  Lebanon  County, 
Pa.  

HENRY  -M.  ENGLE. 
In  matters  pertaining  to  horticulture  and  pomology 
the  subject  of  this  sketch  may  be  regarded  as  the  fore- 
most authority  in  the  county.  The  great-grandfather 
of  Mr.  Engle  was  Ulrich,  who  emigrated  from  Switz- 
erland and  settled  at  what  is  now  known  as  Wildcat 
Station  on  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad,  in  the  town- 


M 
of  Gerii 
East  D 


HENRY    S.   MUS.SER. 
Musser's  paternal  grandsire  was  Henry  Musser, 
man  lineage,  and  a  resident  of  the  township  of 


legal,  Lancaster  Co.,  where  he  followed  farm- 
ing pursuits,  and  wdiere  his  death  occuried  He  was 
twice  married,  and  had  childien,— Jacob,  Heni) ,  Ben 
jamin,  Martha  (Mrs.  Hollman),  Susan  (Mrs  Gi>h), 
and  Annie  (Mrs.  Engle).  Jacob  Mu=ser  was  boin 
June  It;,  1797,  on  the  homestead,  his  jdace  ot  icm- 
dence  until  his  removal  to  a  laiiii  la  ii  the  borough 
of  Marietta,  where  he  died  in  1831  IK  maiiud  Miss 
Martha  Staufler,  of  East  Donegal  township,  mil  li  id 
cliildren,— Heni7  S.,  Annie  (Mis  Gii)bill),  Lli/ i 
beth  (who  died  at  an  early  age),  Maitha  (Mis  Liii- 
demuth),  Jacob,  whose  death  occuired  in  his  youth, 
iuid  Abram.  Henry  S.  was  born  July  10,  1820,  on 
tlie  paternal  estate,  a  portion  of  which  he  now  occii- 
[lies.  His  youth  was  not  marked  by  circumstances 
of  special!  II  terest,  a  period  at  school  and  subsequent 
labor  upon  the  farm  with  his  step-father,  John  Miller, 
having  occupied  his  time  until  the  year  of  his  ma- 
jority, when  he  engaged  witii  Mr.  Miller  in  the 
lumber  business.  Their  capital  was  small,  Mr.  Mus- 
ser having  invested  as  his  share  the  patrimony  re- 
ceived from  his  father's  estate.  On  tJie  death  of  jiis 
step-father  in  18C7  the  business  hadgiuiltly  iiicreiiHed, 
aii.l  represented  sales  to  tju-  nmmiin  tinUly  ihim-nwl 
dollars  per  year.  Joseph  Miller,  a  son  of  his  former 
partner,  is  now  interested  in  -the  business. 

Mr.   Musser  was-  married   in   1847   to '.Miss    .\nin 
-Mary,  daughter  of  Jacob  Qnmng,,;  of  Em  Done- 


ship  of  East  Donegal,  Lancaster  Co.  Ho  iiiul  II vg 
daughters  and  tiiree  noiu,  mnong  whom  wa.s  .taoob, 
im  illfidit  when  wjtii  his  parents  he  crossed  ihe  ocean. 

township,  and  had  children,  the  younnestbeinglleiiry 
who  grew  to  manhood  and  married  Ifannah,  daughter 
of  Henry  Myers,  of  Franklin  County,  Pa.  Their 
■■''ildl'^'ll    ill-!'   llcmV   }\..   Mary   {M,«    in 


iry   [I 


iigulltlile 


786 


HISTORY   OF  LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


John  B.,  Jacob  M.,  Martha  (Mrs.  Stautter),  Daniel, 
Abrani  M.,  Annie  (Mrs.  Musser),  Jesse,  and  several 
who  died  in  infancy.  The  death  of  Mr.  Engie  oc- 
curred at  Conoy  Crei^k,  in  Conoy  townshi)i,  mar 
Bainbridge,  about  the  year  1S48.  His  son,  Ilemy  M., 
was  born  A|iril  11, 1819,  on  the  homestead  farm,  where 
liis  youth  was  spent,  partly  at  school,  but  chieliy  at 
labor.  Jle  married  in  November,  1839,  Miss  Eliza- 
beth, daughter  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Brenneman.of 
AV'est  Donegal,  wiio  was  also  of  German  ancestry. 
Their  children  were  Enos  B.,  .Mary  (Mrs.  Engle), 
Uriah  B.,  Annie  (Mrs.  Staman),  and  Ezra.  By  a 
second  marriage  to  Miss  Lizzie,  dau<rhter  of  Henry 
Musser,  Jlr.  Engle  had  one  .son,  Horace.  He  con- 
tracted a  third  union  with  Miss  Eannie,  daughter  of 
Jdhn  and  ( 'athcriiie  Xi--lv,  also  of  German  e.\trac- 
ticm,  wh..  has  one  dauL'hter,  Jennie,  living.  Mr. 
Eiigle  was  in  his  political  ])references  formerly  a 
Whig,  and  later  became  a  Republican,  the  easting  of 
his  ballot  being  a  matter  of  conviction  and  not  of 
fidelity  to  his  party.  He  represented  his  district  in 
the  State  Legislature  during  the  session  of  1870-71, 
and  served  as  member  of  the  Committees  on  Agricul- 
ture and  Education.  He  has  also  officiated  as  school  i 
director  of  the  township.  i 

^[r.  Engle  has  been  for  inany  years  largely  iden-  ! 
tified  with  the  agricultural  and  pomological  interests  i 
of  the  State.     He  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  ' 
County  Agricultural  and  Horticultural  Society,  and  , 
for  five  years  its  president.     He  was  also  one  of  the  I 
first  members  of  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture.     He  '> 
is  a  member  of  the  State  Horticultural  Association, 
and  has  been  for  years  its  vice-president.     He  li.as  I 
been  for  an  e.^tended  period  chairman  of  the  Fruit 
Committee   of  Pennsylvania   for   the  United  States 
Pomological  Society.     IMr.  Engle  is  in  religion  a  sup-  ' 
porter  of  the  religious  organization  known  as  River 
Brethren.  I 


JOHN    Z.  LINHEMUTII.  *  ' 

Ludwig  Lindemuth,  the  great-grandfather  of  John 
Z.,  was  of  German   jiarcntage.     His  son,  Peter,  who  ' 
lived  on  the  paternal  inheritance,  was  the  father  of  ! 
Ludwig,   who   resided  on   a  ])art  of  the   homestead  I 
which   was    bef|ueathed    to    him,   and    situated    near 
Jlrmnt  Joy,  Lancaster  ('.,,,  Pa.      He    married    Siis:,n, 
daughter  of  CoiErad/ic-li'i.oflvist  l),,iic,L'al  Idwnsljip, 
and  had  children,-J(.scph,  Lewi- Z,  John  /.,  .Vbr.nii, 
and  Ellas.     Both  Mr.  Lindemuth  and  his  wife  di.'d 
in  advanced  years.     Their  son,  .lohn   /.,  the  subject 
of  this  biographical  sketch,  was  born  on  the  :i(ith  (if 
March,  1825,  at  the  family  home,  where  in  his  youih 
attendance    at    scIiocjI    was    varied  by    farm    hilini. 
Having  in  1848  decided  upon  an  active  business  vo- 
cation, he  removed  to  Elk  County,  Pa.,  and  became  ! 
actively  interested  in  the  manufacture  of  lumber  and 
in   mercantile  venturer.     After  a  residence  of  twenty 
years  at  this  point  lie  returned  in  18(JS  to  Lancaster,  ' 


and  choosing  Marietta  as  his  home,  became  one  of 
its  enterprising  merchants. 

He  was  married  on  the  24th  of  January,  1878,  to 
Jliss  Qliristie  Manning,  of  Jlanor  township,  Laucas- 
tci  Co.,  who  is  the  mother  of  one  daughter,  Blanche. 
Mr.  Lindemuth  is  in  sympathy  with  the  principles  of 
the  Republican  party,  and  avails  himself  of  the  priv- 
ilege of  every  American  citizen  in  casting  his  annual 
ballot.     Aside  from  this,  he  devotes  little  time  to  the 

the  struggles  for  otlicial  iireferment.  He  has  lllled 
various  offices  of  trust  and  resjionsibility,  and  by  in- 
tegrity and  capacity  won  the  confidence  and  regard 
of  his  cotemporaries.  He  is  keenly  alive  to  the  in- 
terests of  the  borough  of  his  residence,  and  identifies 
liiniself  with  all  public  measures  tending  to  its  ad- 
vancement. He  is  an  attendant  upon  the  services  of 
the  Presbyterian  Cliurch,  and  a  supporter  of  all  the 
religious  denominations  of  the  borougli. 


CHAPTER    XL  VII  T. 

WEST    I)0.\EG,\I,    ToW.XSilll'.i 

Wkst  Donegal  was  taken  from  Donegal  townsliip 
in  the  year  1838,''  its  territory  being  divi<leil  near  the 
centre,  the  line  forming  a  segment  of  a  circle  with 
the  convex  side  in  the  direction  of  West  Donegal. 
Conoy  township  was  taken  from  the  latter  in  the  year 
1842,  arid  eonsi.sted  of  about  half  its  territory,  the 
division  line  running  parallel  with  the  river. 

Description.— It  is  bounded  on  the  south  and 
soullieast  by  East  Donegal  township,  on  the  noith 
and  northeast  by  Conewago  Creek  and  Mount  .loy 
township,  and  on  the  west  by  Conoy  township.  That 
part  lying  east  of  the  eastern  branch  of  Ccnioy 
Creek  is  gently  urrdulating,  and  easily  cultivated; 
much  of  it  is  underlaid  with  limestone,  and  it  is  a> 
good  land  for  farming  purposes  a-~  any  in  the  county, 
and  has  the  advantage  of  a  nunilicr  of  small  slrcanis 
which  empty  into  Conoy  Creek,  and  another  which 
flows  south  and  ha-  its  source  near  "  Rheeni's  Station." 
That  part  ol  the  lounship  lying  northwest  of  Conoy 
Creek  ascends  gradually  from  Conoy  Creek  to  high 
ground  whicli  divides  the  watershed  between  that 
stream  and  ("onewago  Creek.  The  soil  is  principally 
red  shale,  and  the  surface  of  the  land  is  much  i  iit  up 
with  ravines,  and  along  the  high  ground  ami  slope 
lacing  Conewago  Creek  much  of  the  land  is  covered 
uiih  granite  bowlders.  ^V'ithin  a  few  years  superior 
tanning  has  brought  this  section  of  the  township  to 
a  high  state  of  fertility,  and  it  can  be  said  of  it  that 
the  soil   now  produces  crops  of  all  kind  in  as  great 


I  By  S.i 


-^^ 


WEST  DONEGAL   TOWNSHIP. 


787 


uiious  of  the 
•  C'rct'k,  tliiis 
veil  nwu-  iU 
i-llir:i^t    Ir.ini 


abundance  as  the  more  favored  soctim 
eastern  part  of  the  township. 

Near  the  centre  of  the  townsliip,  tlow 
westerly  direction,  is  one  of  the  most 
liistorical  streams  of  the  county,  t^onc 
named  from  a  tribe  of  Indians  wlio 
moutli.  Its  source  is  a  few  miles  i 
Elizabethtown,  and  from  that  puiiit  to  it-  mouih  the 
distance  is  aljout  eiglit  mik's.  Tliu  lied  ol  the  -ti.-aui 
is  rocky,  and  in  many  phires  covered  with  lio\\l.ler~. 
Its  rapid  descent  atlbrds  fine  water-power,  which  h;l^ 
been  utilized  for  more  tlian  one  liiiiidreil  and  lifty 
years. 

Along  the  Conewago,  within  the  limits  of  the  town- 
ship, there  have  been  two  grist-mi  lis,  onesaw  -niill,:ind 
a  furnace,  forges,  etc.  It  flows  througli  a  belt  ol  red 
sandstone  shale,  which  renders  its  waters  very  turbid. 

"Rrnbaker's  Run"  has  il^  source  in  this  towii>l]i]i, 
and  is  valuable  to  the  fanners  living  near  it  on  aceoimt 
of  its  pure  water. 

Pioneer  Settlers.— In  17o0  Nicholas  .McClelland, 
Andrew  Berg,  Thomas  Cotters,  Matthew  lilazer,  Henry 
Rup,  Martin  Heisey,  Widow  Hones,  Jacob  Ebersole, 
and  John  Allison,  Esq.,  were  settled  along  tlie  west 
side  of  Conoy  Creek  near  Nissley's  mill. 

David  Craig  took  up  several  hundred  acres  of  land 
along  Conoy  Creek,  a  little  north  of  the  Conoy  town- 
ship line,  in  17ol.  llissoi,,  liobert  Craig,  commanded 
the  fifth  company  of  militia  in  the  Third  Battalion, 
commanded  by  Col.  Alexander  Lowrey,  and  was  at 
the  battle  of  Brandywine  in  September,  1777.  He 
also  i)articii)ated  in  the  campaign  in  New  Jersey. 
He  w.is  a  member  of  the  General  Assembly  for  the 
year  17^1.  On  Sept.  12,  1787,  he  and  his  wife,  Jane, 
sold  one  hundred  acres  ofland  which  was  about  one- 
third  of  his  tract,  to  :\Iartin  Lindenuilh. 

Robert  Craig's  family  eon>i.ted  of  lii^  wile  and  six 
children,  viz.:  D.ivid,  James  Whitehiil,  Robert, 
Rachel,  Margaret,  Elizabeth. 

Thomas  Hamilton  and  John  Cook  resided  with  the 
familv.     The    latter    was    lir>t     lieutenant    in    (\ii,t. 


Capt.  Roherl  Craig  married  a  Miss  Whitehill.  To 
his  son,  James  Whitehill  Craig,  Walter  Bell,  who.r 
second  wife  was  a  sister  of  Mrs.  Craig,  Sr.,  gave  a 
liortion  of  his  estate. 

Samuel  Woods  settled  near  tlie  Couewago  in  17(;o, 
and  had  the  following-iiaimMl  tamily,  viz.:  Natlnui, 
Uavid,  William,  Jennet,  .Margaret,"  JCIi/,al.eth,  ami 
Peter  Cro.ss. 

Peter  Wayland  owned  a  tract  of  land  called  Peters- 
burg near  Conoy  Creek  in  1770.  In  1773  he  sold  the 
land  to  Jacob  Winner. 

Benjamin  Whisler,  .r.dm  Neesly,  Peter  Rutt,  Jacob 
Boyers,  and  David  Coble  owned  the  adjoining  farms. 

John  Jamison  located  upon  land  about  one  mile 
and  a  half  west  froni  Elizabethtown  before  the  eom- 
mencemeut  of  the  Revolutionary  war.     He  was  quar- 


termaster in  Col.  Lowrey's  battalion,  and  was  at  the 
battle  of  Brandywine.  He  moved  to  Elizabethtown, 
where  he  kept  a  dry-goods  store.  His  daughter,  Mar- 
garet, married  Dr.  John  Henderson,  who  was  a  sur- 
geon in  the  Revolutiomiry  war.  He  moved  to"  Hunt- 
ington, Pa.  His  daughter,  Rosina,  married  Samuel 
Grimes,  a  merchant  of  Elizabethtown  ;  Jlaria  nuirried 
James  Graham,  also  a  merchant  of  Elizabethtown, 
who  renu)ved  to  Columbia  and  purchased  a  lot  on 
Front  Stieet,  upon  which  he  built  a  house,  wdiere  he 
carried  on  the  mercantile  business  until  180G,  when 
he  removed  to  Philadeljdiia.  He  was  one  of  the  first 
elders  of  the  Pre^hyleiiau  Cliurch  in  Columbia. 
Nancy  Jamison  never  married.  She  inherited  a 
farm  belonging  to  her  father  at  Couewago  Creek, 
which  she  sold  to  Bates  Grubb,  Feb.  IS,  17S4.  He 
died  at  Elizabethtown  in  1783. 

David  Jamison  was  a  brother  of  John  above  men- 
tioned.     He  was   quartermaster-sergeant   under   his 
brother  John,  and  was  at  the  battle  of  Brandywine 
I  in   1777.     He   died    in   1782,   leaving    no  issue.     He 
j  owned   a   farm   near  Couewago  Creek,   adjoining  his 
I  brother  Jcdm. 

I      John  Woltly  was  one  of  the  most  active  and  influ- 
.  ential  citizens  in   this  end  of  the  county.     He  be- 
longed  to  the  ^Masonic   fraternity,  and   organized   a 
I  lodge  of  Freenm-^ons  in  Elizabethtown.     In  1813  he 
I  was  appointed  a  justice  of  the  peace. 
I       Jacob  Cook  lived  twenty  years  prior  to  the  Revo- 
lution u|ion  |]i>  laiin,  which  was  located  on  the  Pax- 
j  ton  ;ind  Coiie-tojia  road,  between  Thomas  Harris,  at 
Couewago,  and  the   l'>e;ir  Tavern,  kept  by  Barnabus 
Hughes.     He  was  major  in  Col.  Lowrey's  battalion 
in  1777,  and  wa-  :it   the  battle  of  Brandywine.     He 
was  a  justice  of  the  peace  for  many  years.     He  re- 
moved a  few  niile-  we^t  of  Conewtigo  Creek,  and  his 
'  subsequent    history    belongs     properly    to     Dauphin 
1  County.      He   was   electe.l    to    the    Assembly    fbr   the 
j  years  1780-81,  17-S'!. 

'  Roads.— One  of  the  oldest  and  best  known  roads 
in  the  county  w  a-  the  old  I'axton  and  Conestoga 
highway,  U|")ii  the  l"il  of  which  is  the  Lancaster, 
Eliz;ibethtown  ,ind  Mid.lletown  turnpike,  which 
foini>  thedivi-ioi,  line  between  this  and  Mount  Joy 
townships. 

One   liundied   and   lifty  years   ago   a  road  was   laid 
out  from    the  old   I'axton    ro;id  where   I^lizabethtown 

Ab(jut  the  sanie   time  ;i  road  was   laid  out  from  the 

In  17o0  a  road  was  laid  out  from   Thomas  Harri;,' 

trading-post  at  Couewago  Creek,  at  or  near  the  point 

j  where  the  Lancaster,  Elizabethtown  and  Middletown 

j  turnpike  crosses  th:it  stream  to   Logan's   Ferry  and 

I  Conoy  Indian  town. 

The    Falmouth   and    Elizabethtown    turnpike  was 

built    in    1810-11,    anil    connects     those    two     towns. 

!  Much  ridicule   has   been   made  of  this  road  by  un- 


HISTORY   OF  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


thinking  persons,  who  were  entirely  ignorant  of  its 
location  or  condition.  No  toU-giites  obstruct  the 
r'oaii,  and  all  are  I'ree  to  travel  over  it  without  iniyinsj 


is  much  traveled  by  pcr- 
Tlie  i'arins  upon  either 
the  buildings  liave  boon 


tribute  to  a  corporation.     It 

sons  living  along  its  route. 

side  are  generally  small,  and 

located  along  it.     There  is   a  succession  of  hamlets 

and  one  town  along  its  line. 

The  Lancaster,  Jlount  Joy,  Elizabethtown  and 
Harrisburg  Railroad  enters  the  township  at  Rheeni's 
Station,  and  continues  west  near  its  northeastern 
boundary  line,  and  crosses  Conewago  Creek  at 
INIount  Vernon  Furnace. 

Tavern-Keepers. — The  Bear  Tavern  was  the  oldest 
one  in  this  township,  and  was  well  known  prior  to  the 
French  and  Indian  war  of  1755-G3.  It  was  here 
where  Thomas  Harris  first  opened  his  trading-post  in 
174G,  and  built  the  tavern.  He  sold  the  land  in  1751 
to  Lazarus  Lowrey,  another  Indian  trader,  and  moved 
two  miles  farther  west,  to  Conewago  Creek.  In  June, 
1753,  Mr.  Lowrey  sold  the  place  to  Barnabus  Hughes, 
who,  prior  to  that  time,  lived  in  Lancaster  borough. 

This  tavern  was  located  on  the  simth  side  of  the 
great  road  which  ran  from  Paxton  to  Conestoga  Creek 
at  a  point  where  Conoy  Creek  crossed  it. 

Barnabus  Hughes  was  also  an  Indian  trader,  and 
was  a  very  prominent  man  among  the  traders  and  in 
the  neighborhood.  Large  sums  of  money  were  sent 
to  him  by  Wharton  &  Co.,  merchants  of  Philadelphia, 
and  he  disbursed  it  among  the  Indian  traders  in  their 
behalf.  He  laid  out  the  village  of  Elizahethtosvn. 
Hughes  died  in  the  year  17C5,  leaving  three  sons, — 
Daniel,  John,  and  Samuel.  The  last-named  pur- 
chased the  interest  his  brothers  had  in  the  property, 
and  the  latter  moved  to  Harford  County,  Md.  The 
administrators  and  heirs  of  Barnabus  Hughes  rented 
the  tavern  to  Abraham  Holmes,  who  dealt  in  re- 
demptioners  as  well  as  kept  hotel.  In  1776  his  family 
consiste<l  of  himself,  wife,  ami  daughters,  Tibby  and 
Elizabeth. 

Capt.  Alexander  Boggs  purchased  tlie  tavern  and 
two  hundred  and  thirty-eight  acres  of  land  iVum 
Samuel  Hughes.  Having  married  Ann  Alricks,  a 
stepdaughter  of  Col.  Alex.  Lowrey,  he  moved  to  this 
hotel  at  the  close  of  the  Revolutionary  war. 

Mr.  Boggs  commanded  a  company  called  the 
"  Flying  Horse"  during  the  Revolutionary  war,  and 
was  on  duty  at  Gen.  Washington's  headquarters  for 
some  time.  He  was  at  the  battle  of  Brandy  wine  in 
1777,  and  in  several  battles  in  New  Jersey.  He  jnir- 
chased  from  Col.  Lowrey  a  farm  on  the  fiver  about  a 
mile  and  a  half  above  Marietta.  He  built  the  brick 
dwelling-house,  on  the  northwest  corner  of  the  square 
in  Marietta,  now  occupieil  by  the  Marietta  JSef/ister, 
about  the  year  181:i,  to  which  place  he  retired  to  seek 
leisure  and  comfort  in  his  old  age.  He  was  a  justice 
of  the  peace  for  Donegal  for  many  years.  He  was 
one  of  the  conimi.ssioncrs  appointed  by  the  State  to 
improve  the  navigation  of  the  Su.-.ciuehunna  River. 


Alexander  Boggs  was  born  in  1755  and  died  in 
1839,  and  Ann,  his  wife,  was  born  in  1760  and  died 
in  1847.  Their  children  were  Andrew,  Hermanau<, 
Alexandef,  John,  Francis,  Ann,  James  A.,  William, 
Jane,  Samuel. 

Mills.— The* first  grist-mill  erected  in  thistownship 
was  built  by  Philip  Gloninger  on  Conoy  Creek  in 
1749.  In  the  year  1759  he  sold  two  hundred  and 
nine  acres  of  land  and  the  mill  to  John  Nissly  and 
removed  to  the  town  of  Libaaon.  In  the  year  17S0, 
John  Nissly,  Sr.,  owned  this  mill  and  three  hundred 
acres  of  land. 

At  the  time  John  Nissly  purchased  Gloninger's 
mill  he  owned  some  adjoining  land.  The  following- 
named  persons  also  owned  adjoining  land,  which  fur- 
nished a  clue  to  the  location  and  names  of  the  pioneer 
settlers,  to  wit:  Nicholas  Boss  and  Peter  Root  on  the 
east  side  of  Conoy  Creek,  and  Jacob  Ebersole,  Peter 
Wayland,  Benjamin  Wissler,  and  John  Nissly  on  the 
west  side. 

Peter  Root  built  a  grist-  and  saw-mill  on  Conoy 
Creek,  above  Ni-,.ley's  mill,  prior  to  the  Revolution- 
ary war. 

Gish's  mill  was  built  about  the  year  ISOO,  and  is 
the  first  mill  on  Conoy  Creek  below  Elizabethtown. 
The  next  mill  was  Root's,  and  the  next  Brubaker's 
nnlJ.  Furnace,  forges,  grist-  and  saw-mills  were 
built  by  the  Grubbs.  (See  Furnaces.)  They  were 
located  on  Conewago  Creek,  a  little  above  the  l^an- 
caster  and  Harrisburg  Railroad  bridge. 

Good's  Meeting-House.— One  hundred  and  thirty 
years  ago.  the  Kher.-.oles,  Nisslys,  Rootts  (.Rutts), 
Heisey's,  Good's,  and  a  number  of  othei-  Mennonite 
families  settled  in  the  western  part  of  Donegal  town- 
ship. The  most  ])rominent  of  all  the  pioneer  Men- 
nonite settlers  in  the  township  was  MeJchoir  Brene- 
man,  a  Mennonite  minister.  He,  however,  located 
several  miles  farther  east,  and  near  the  river,  in  the 
heart  of  an  Indian  tr^iders'  and  Scotch-Irish  settle- 
ment. The  iiioneer  settlers  built  their  meeting-houses 
near  a  spring,  and  as  near  the  centre  of  the  settle- 
ment which  adhered  to  a  particular  faith. 

The  first  meeting-house  was  built  of  logs,  near  a 
beautiful  spring,  which  feeds  Brubaker's  Run,  upon 
land  belonging  to  the  Goods,  and  very  near  the  north- 
ern boundary-line  of  Conoy  township.  Jlelchoir 
Breneman  was  the  first  minister  who  preached  in 
this  meeting-house.  The  attendance  is  large  and  tlie 
numbers  are  constantly  increasing.  Three  years  ago 
the  old  meeting-house,  which  was  probably  the  sec- 
ond one  which  stood  there,  was  torn  down  and  a 
much  larger  one  of  frame  built  in  its  place,  which 
can  seat  comfortably  several  hundred  persons.  When 
the  framewoVk  of  this  last  building  was  being  raised 
an  unfortunate  accident  occurred.  Wiien  the  work- 
men were  ujjon  the  upper  joist,  raising  the  rafters,  a 
support  under  the  girder  gave  way  and  ^.lecipitated  a 
large  number  of  persons  to  the  ground.  (.)iu'  person 
was  killed  and  several  others  received  severe  injuries. 


DRUMORE  TOWNSHIP. 


r89 


School-Houses. — Near  the  western  boundary  of 
this  township,  along  the  ilaytown  and  Jloiint  Ver- 
non road,  upon  "  Cedar  Hill,"  is  a  fine  brick  school- 
house.  It  is  located  upon  high  ground,  among  cedar-, 
oak-,  and  chestnut-trees. 

Heisey's  school-house  is  located  near  the  southern 
boundary  of  the  township,  on  the  west  side  of  the 
Bainbridge  and  Klizabethtown  road.  Two  miles 
farther  north,  along  the  same  road,  is  "Itutt's  school- 
house." 

Ober's  school  and  meeting-house  is  located  about 
two  miles  north  of  Cedar  Hill  school-house,  along  the 
south  side  of  the  turnpike  running  from   Elizabetii-  | 
town  to  JNIiddletown.  ] 

llheem's  school-house  is  in  the  e.astein  section  of 
the  township,  a  sliort  distance  west  from  "  Rheem's  j 
Station."     A  hamlet  of  a  dozen  dwelling-houses  has 
sprung  up  around  this  school-house. 

Justices  of  the  Peace.— Following  is  a  list  of  the 
justices  of  the  peace  for  the  period  extending  from  | 
1840  to  the  present  (the  earlier  ones,  being  chosen  ', 
by  districts,  are  given  in  the  chapter  containing  the 
civil  list  of  the  county) : 

A|iri\  14,  1840.  J.vcob  W.  ,\iuire\v8.   |  .^piil,  ISOS.  Isaac  Winters. 
Juhn  W.  Joiirs.  I   April,  1803.  CyiuaSli.ii.k. 


Apr 


15, 


uley. 


lli.iin  Millor. 

1878.  Epliraim  Goss. 

■2, 1806.  Samuel  Bossle 

r. 

William  Miller. 

18U7.  Aaruci  West. 

1880.  S.  F.  Gall. 

vid  DysiiiKer. 

lS8:i.  11.  C    Ream. 

ISI',8,  Jo^ejili  Staiiffev. 

Ephraim  Goss. 

wville.-The  vi 

lage 

of  Newville  is 

■Mill 

located  on 
tlie   Falmouth   and   Elizabethtown   turnpike,   about  | 
two  miles  west  from  the  latter  place.     It  was  laid  out 
by  Paul  Yeuts  soon  after  the  coiniiletion  of  tiie  turn-  I 
pike.     It  has  been  nicknamed  "  Yeutstown,"  and  is 
more  generally  known  by  that  name.    It  has  a  tavern  I 
and  store,  church  and  scliool-house. 

In  its  early  days  Newville  seemed  to  have  a  bright  i 
future.  After  the  turnpike  fell  into  disuse  for  want  ■ 
of  remunerative  travel,  the  place  began  to  decline,  | 
and  but  little  progress  has  been  made  towards  its  i 
future  prosperity  since  that  time.  It  is  beautifully  I 
located  upon  high  ground,  and  is  entirely  free  Irom 
miasm  which  prevails  in  the  towns  along  the  river. 


CHAPTER    XLIX. 

DKIIMdltH    TdWNSllU'.i 

Geography  and  Topography.— Drumore  is  one  of 
the  original  townshi[>s  of  the  county,  as  coiitirmed  by 
the  Magistrates'  Coijrt  on  Aug.  5,  1729.     It  e.Ktendcd 


south  to  Mason  and  Dixon's  line,  east  to  the  west 
branch  of  the  Oi:torara  and  Stewart's  Run,  north  to 
what  is  now  Pequea  and  Providence  townships,  west 
to  tht  Susquehanna.  The  dividing  line  between  Dru- 
more and  Little  Britain  was  filed  in  1777,  and  -in  the 
accounts  of  that  date  it  is  shown  that  there  was  "  re- 
ceived from  Thos.  Clark,  supervisor.  Seven  Shillings 
and  Five  Pence,  by  John  llubley,  for  endorsing  ou 
the  back  of  the  order  of  the  court  for  the  division 
line  of  the  Townships  of  Drumore  and  Little  Britain, 
filing  the  same  and  certifying  a  copy  thereof  Marcli 
2G,  1778." 

The  surface  of  Drumore  is  formed  of  gently-roll- 
ing uplands,  and  valleys.  The  soil  is  fertile  and  re- 
sponds generously  to  the  demands  of  its  owners.  It 
is  well  watered  on  its  borders  by  the  west  branch  of 
the  Octorara,  Muddy  Run,  and  the  Susquehanna 
River.  Diagonally  across  the  entire  right  and  left 
centres  of  the  township  flow  Fishing  Creek  and  the 
Conowingo  with  their  tributary  streams,  which  flow 
in  a  southerly  direction,  and  empty  into  the  Susque- 

Iron  ore  of  good  quality  is  found  in  this  township, 
and  large  quantities  liave  been  taken  to  ditferent 
furnaces  in  the  State.  From  the  earliest  history  of 
Drumore  general  farming  has  been  the  main  occu- 
pation of  its  inhabitants.  In  later  years  some  have 
engaged  extensively  and  successfully  in  dairying  an<l 
tobacco-raising. 

Points  of  Interest,— One  of  the  most  attractive 
rural  scenes  on  the  Susquehanna  is  the  view  from 
Cutler's,  in  Drumore.  The  lover  of  natural  scenery 
has  here  spread  out  to  his  view  on  the  south  a  long 
and  broad  expanse  of  the  Susquehanna  as  it  slowly 
bends  its  course  to  the  Chesapeake.  The  river  at  its 
greatest  width  here  is  nearly  two  nriles.  On  the  west- 
ern shore  is  seen  Peach  Bottom,  at  the  foot  of  the 
York  County  range.  Looking  southward  for  miles 
there  is  an  unbroken  river  view,  with  its  islands  and 
grass-beds.  From  the  eastern  shore  these  broken 
ridges  or  spurs  jut  out  into  the  river  and  form  a  series 
of  beautiful  natural  abutments,  affording  cover  and 
shelter  for  rafts  in  the  rafting  season.  From  Cutler's 
the  upper  end  of  the  big  island  rises  abruptly  out  of 
tlie  water,  and  conveys  to  the  observer  the  impression 
of  a  large  spliere  i)artly  submerged  and  floating  at 
anchor.  In  summer-time,  when  the  slate-broken 
hills,  the  i.ilands,  the  grass-beds  and  shores  are  en- 
veloped in  their  dark-green  foliage,  the  sight  is  one 
of  surpassing  beauty.  Tourists  who  have  visited 
many  foreign  scenes  of  great  merit  assert  that  when 
the  view  from  Cutler's  is  seen  at  its  best  in  the  sum- 
mer-lime it  compares  favorably  with  those  in  other 
lands.    • 

Hut  the  river  view  is  not  the  only  attractive 
scene  at  this  point.  For  a  radius  of  many  miles  you 
have  in  sight  some  of  the  most  ;.ioductive  farms  in 
the  State.  A  pleasant  variety  of  fields  and  wood- 
lands, with  the  substantial  lionles  of  jirosperous  far- 


790 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


mers,  greet  the  eye  at  every  turn.  Sicily  Island  and 
Piiite's  Eddy  are  popular  jdaces  of  resort  for  fisher- 
men during  the  black  buss  .season.  Mitchell's  Rock, 
Brown's  Summit,  Murphy's  Loop,  and  Skelpie  are 
places  of  note. 

Pioneer  Settlers. — Drumore  was  settled  by  Scotch- 
Irish  as  early  as  the  year  1700.  Aggressive,  persis- 
tent, and  sincere  in  their  religious  and  political 
opinions,  they  incurred  the  displeasure  of  their  royal 
rulers  for  maintaining  that  monarchical  authority 
should  be  limited  by  law,  also  for  their  constant  pro- 
test against  contributing  to  the  sui>i>ort  of  a  church 
unfriendly  to  their  faith. 

To  be  freed  from  their  political  and  religious  perse- 
cutors they  first  emigrated  from  Scotland  to  the  north 
of  Ireland.  A  residence  of  a  few  years  there  plainly 
convinced  them  that  the  only  entire  relief  from  their 
oppressive  environment  was  in  the  New  World.  For 
a  life  in  the  enjoyment  of  civil  anil  religious  rights 
these  determined  men  again  gathered  together  their 
families  and  goods,  and  conunitting  all  to  the  care  of 
the  All-\Vise  Ruler  sailed  for  their  unknown  homes. 
Tliey  brought  with  them  decided  religious  and  political 
opinions  and  their  integrity  of  character.  A  century 
and  a  half  has  passed  away,  and  the  iuijiress  of  their 
convictions  is  as  strong  as  ever  in  their  descend- 
ants. 

Drumore  township  received  its  name  from  Dromore 
Druim  Moir,  Great  Ridge),  a  stnuiL^ly  I'.mitird  place 
in  County  Down,  on  the  Lagan.  I'lie  lown-liiji  ac- 
couut-book  has  written  on  its  heailini^^  Iroiu  the  year 
1765  to  1800  "Dromore"  and  "  Dnnmnore."  Since 
then  it  is  written  "  Drumore." 

In  1751J  the  township  contained  the  following  resi- 
dents and  freemen  : 


Samuol  Ditkson. 
Eubert  McLellau. 

WiJuw  Scutt. 

Josi-iMi  I'oiter. 
U..lieit  Di.Nc.ii. 

\Vi,luw  Turner. 

l.avi.l  5Iit..l,c-ll. 

KiibertSleeii. 

Jubii  Siiiipt.in. 

Jolni  Mitclifll.   . 

Wiiluw  Muor,  at  Fisliiiig  Creel 

Julin  Di.tou.    ■ 

JuliM  FiUlerton. 

W.IIJ.IIH   S|,-,.|. 

J;une,s  L:iwniiji.,re. 
P.,tii.;k  Carbon. 

Ju»epl,  Ilu.y. 
J,iil;;tl,aliSmitl.. 
James  I'orterfieW. 

Ali.lrewCalilwell. 
Wllliani  Kennedy. 
ArehiliaM  Tate. 

Geurj^e  McGla 
Tliunl.-Ui  Juab. 


Jolin  I'oltor. 


KKSIDENTS 

Of    DRUMOUF 

Tliomaa  Clark,  collectu 

r. 

John  Mt 

Sampson  Smith. 

J.,I,„M, 

James  Morrison  (a  car 

ain  ii 

1777,       Samuel 

and  was  at  tl.a  battl 

ofB 

,n.lv-      Alexaud 

wine). 

U.ii.elf 

WiUiam  Ricl.ey,  Sr. 

Willi  in. 

Josopll  Eippey. 

Samuel 

James  McMullen. 

Andrew 

William  Brooks. 

John  M 

William  BIcMvillon. 

J.unes  :< 

U.jbert  McElbiney. 

James  I 

William  Moore. 

Matlhev 

John  Mel'onno. 

Jame.H  T 

John  M.irrison. 

llavid  L 

Moaes  Irwin. 

James  I 

Patrick  Long. 

Jul,,,  K. 

Daviil  IJrigliam. 

.\ud,eU 

llnsh  Long. 

Jol,l,    M 

Mosea  lila.k. 

Willian 

.John  Mitchell. 


David  liippy,  wit 


Andrew  Mi  Intiro. 
Itohert  .laeksun. 
Ezeklel  McElhinoy. 


I 


DllUMORE   TOWNSHIP. 


AleXRiiiler  Rubinaon,  with  Juhn  EubinsOD. 

Acres. 

jKUiea  Dixson,  will.  Ruburt  Dixsuu. 

hughey,  Joseph...  

'^M 

J.ibM  I!,.msey.JuhiiMcAlibr..l.iniMri^illaclier,  with  William  McAter. 

ll             all 



Gi-.Ti;.  liilijiitricli,  witli  Williiuii  Uippy. 

b' n'T'  Chub-'""'    '' 

JuliM  JiLkson,  with  Ui.b.Tt  Jacilsuii. 

bi-ndi^,  B.'.oi;>^  Hvnl'  to 

Uhl-.V,     UJ       ■!■■    

J,.i,u.3  Siii.iiioii^  Alexander  C.il.lwell,  with  Andrew  Caldwell. 

l'"'i"l'.  I'^'liifl. 

IJ'J 

Will,;,,,,  M,,^,-,.,  «ill,  \V„lo>v  Muure. 

Jul;;;;: ;" "  ^:  ' 

i  J..l,n  I ;;  

'.Z'^.'Z'"'.'.  liaj 

<"^^.i    1 ".  ■!    '    '•■'■   '    ■    '     u,  with  Benjamin  Johnson. 

J. ,1,1,  ;,:,;,.      1,                    1.  .1  ..Lt  K.^ed. 

J>.l.:i.|            I 

K,.n,   .      ■      ■       ■ 

k'i,'.;;,  V ,;"- 1  , . , ,  i. 

ii.''i'i7' 'to  Jacob  iiVirV.;'.'.!'.'.'.'.'.!!; 

;nn'o're  lown'sllip'.V.V.'.'.'.V.'.';.'.'.'." 

EEE| 

Tlie  following-rKinieil    persons,  living  in  the  back 

Lu'.r^-'.r,, , .'-  ,>:'. ' 

.  i  u,.i  ::::;;;:;::;;:;:;::;■::;;:;;;:;: 

Bettlenients,    lieJ    I'nnn    tlie    Indians,    and     probably 

lU 

crossed  the  Susquehanna  at  MeCall's  Furry.     Arthur 

3IaNu,;I,,l,i,,,.      ,    ,  . 



IGO 

McConnell,Eliz.  Wilson,  William  Patterson,  William 

'.'..'.'.'.'.." l.io 

Ewing,  Lowdywick    Leard,   Thomas   Shirely,  John 

mc  n'.'uj;;;  J..;;;.;,  -"  .'.V 

Ml  Xai;.lit,  .b.l.r, 



Martin,  and  Robert  McClung. 

1"! 

The  following  assessment-returns  of  Drumore  town- 

m;";inii!r ;!n'.'i''  jui^c^ 



ship  for  the  years  1759,  1769,  and  1779,  showing  the 

nici'n"!';:''lii''n";i' 

number  of  acres  of  land  held  by  each  resident  and 

nic  1..  .-1  :,'     -■■      -■    i 

,,-!..,  .It  J,.:.M.=    M.-  l.,,iiL;l,ll„ 

non-resident,  the  occupation  of  the  inhabitants,  the 

I'lo  ',;    ■        1                ' 



50. 

list  of  freemen,  the  valuation  of  tlie  taxable  property 

nK  a'.\       .  ,  ,    i;  .      .  : 

U:  y.v, "',-',',.;;.;.  ......'.'.'.z.;; 

ill   pounds,  shillings,  and  ponce,  furnish  subjucts  of 

;;;;-;  ;;|.";'"^^"^'^;^     

2'» 

l.ii 

interest  to  the  antiquarian. 

maxu..|l,  .lan,e»Jnar.. 



100 

ASSESSORS'    RETURN    OF    llRUMORE    TOWNSHIP,    1759. 

'"'"■"■-^- '•-'•■ 

Z[1Z.'.'ZZ  loo 

Audeiion.herdry  Rent' to  Jacob  Bare 100 

m;,n"';r''i'n ;'-"'""  ■"" 

-OO 

,  J')liii  Sliooiuakor  ut  Sam>  puka. 


792 


HISTORY  OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


11,  J  iliii,  lit  Iluburt  Jitcksor 
[luviil,  lit  Divvid  Cliirejs. 
,  Tliuniiis,  lit  Jolm  porlerB. 
,  Ritcliurd,  ut  James  Riinisi 
Jolin.  at  Jaiui'S  mori^ol 


Acres 

Tiite,  ArchiUalJ,  Sciioulniastcr  Kent'to  W"  Greer 



60 

T.ivlur.  W."  Mfvuu.  

200 

Vileiitilip  I  ..Ml 

,- 

\Vu...lUurii,  Jiiiu..  1.  wi-T.,i.j  .a  Siuiii  Pokes 



\V,.ltingtun,  Wi.low 

luo 

Yuujig,  And"  Rents  to  Aliraliani  Nelson 

150 

AlL-to/p,Oi,Unotublelopmj. 

Robert  furey  at  Jiimea  Maxwells. 

William  Jolin^  at  M.ises  Erwina. 

micliael  Kenry  at  M' Smiths. 

\V"  Crawford  at  Isaac  SanJera. 

Sam>  Boyd  at  Sam'  Boyds. 

James  Long  at  Patrick  Longs. 

David  Rippy  at  Juse|.l,  Rippy's. 

David  Callvvell  at  Ale.x'  Callwells. 

Timothy  McCoruiitk  .it  henry  audersons. 

Byars,  Jacob 

Carl.in',  WiUiam.'.'.'.'.'.'.  " 
Cukhvell,  Alxjaiul  J,. 
Claik,  Thomas 

n.uk,  i:..i.Mt 

Cruulu'r.l,  David 

Ciai;;niyle3,  James 

Cl.uk,  Nathaniel 

rovven,  Joseplil'.'.'."'.'.! 

Dickson,  Robert 

Doinli,  Robert  

Dnnlop,  John 

Il.iuniii^',  .Alexander.. 

Kv'a'i'sljohiK.';. .■.■..'."'.■.■.■ 

fiill.rl..i,',JoTm.''.!'.'."'.! 

II.'.  I.,  .!.. 

Ili;;-ins.  j';iiii,.s......;'^ 


Mcl'la 

on,  R.,l.ei 

,.it  Joa 

•|.h  U 

lip 

Brook 

.John,  at 

W"  111 

oks. 

LuRan 

hngl,,at 

W".  Uit 

hey's 

Ju 

Sl.i-als 

Malhew, 

It  Diivi 

1  Shi.i 

s. 

Johns 

on,hnsh, 

itJame-sliiee 

8. 

Wilson,  John,  at 

mathi-w  Brolv 

ns. 

mcCon 

nal,  W".,  , 

t  Win  u 

cCon. 

ills 

Rams. 

y.Johnw 

voro,  a 

W"  1 

ica 

Mitch 

11,  Robert 

at  W" 

mcafiL 

S.JI 

Long, 

gloiid,atl 

itrick 

oliKS. 

mcafa 

son,  Janie 

,  at  W 

nicafu 

rso 

henry,  W",  at  ge 
benry,  george,  at 
Casey,  James,  at. 
niitclial,  george,  i 


at  George  mitclials. 
t  John  Longs. 

lit  John  Longs. 


Anderson,  \\",  i 
Porter,  Saiiii,  Sol 

moore,  John,  at 


hugh,atR.ibartTa 
tetnni  toy  Bust  of 


Towi 
ASSK.SSMKNT    ROLL    FOB    176a. 

Id ,   1.0U  1   Brooks,  John 

'M      Buchanan,  James,  Jr 

I   lioyd,  Samuel 

1   liuchalian,  James  Jt  Son. 

.')"      Digham,  Widdow 

.V  Son UlO  .   Bull,  Joseph 


Daniel  Byars. 

Samuel  Hanken. 

Joseph  Lowromer. 

Joseph  JlcMichel. 

John  Lermor. 

John  Greer. 

Gavvn  Scott. 

Alexander  Willson 

Mivlthevv  Cauchoy. 

Samuel  Martin. 

James  Cannon. 

William  Slrain. 

Samuel  Picken. 

Daniel  McDowell. 

Samuel  Petterson. 

Molher  Bodgers. 

John  Brison. 

James  MiLaughlln 

John  McFoison.     ' 

James  Dninian. 

WSHIP    KLTUKN    FOR    17S1J. 


DRUMORE   TOWNSHIP. 


,,    ,l,„„c.s 

..  I',i7 

1     .,  ,,M,(lSnmuel. 

.  800 

'""  '  

■  },f}i 

^■■■u., 

..  cr,2 

A:,... .;...,::::::; 

.  18U 

';;;;;;;;»•;;;;;;;;;;; 

..  184 

■  ■'.""■■" 



■    I'l'-rt 154 

"■  I'w 3UU 

;/::„»:;:;;;..:;:;:: 

..  276 

.  2(l.s 

.  1,   Ali-\Iiiider 

..  174 

.'.  "97 

::':''-:i:;:: 

J^" 

,,:\  ,;,;- ■;;■;;•;;■;; 

20s 

1211 

20s 

.■;:;  :,.','Z"iu,n 

.'■'.'.'  MO 

...  217 

15U 

,"  -•  ,1  ■>„,;;,;;i 

::::  20s 

f' 

."""* \'''f\ 

•'    >  

2.1U 



220 

125 

::  '':'""',°!:::'!'::; 

'.'.'..'.  14li 
1'.19 

' '■ 

2u7 

Tli.rn.ns.Jr 

ick,  Ili^ury 

Edwu.d 

320 

2G0 

John  Robinson. 
George  King. 
Williuni  Lunghlln. 
Saniui'l  Miilli.ilnis. 
JuUK's  Millei'. 
llunry  Furu. 
Robert  Mortland. 
Williuni  Oniniilly. 
Diinii-1  McCready. 
Williiuu  Porler. 


tuuler  Bojd. 


George  Glass. 
Hilgli  Ilarriss. 
Hugl,  Sleel. 


Eevolmtionary  Celebrities.— Capt.  William  Steele 
lived  along  tlie  roud  leading  t'roiii  Cliestiuit  Level- to 
the  "  Unicorn,"  on  the  property  now  owned  by  Sir. 
Nathaniel  Mayer.  He  was  a  Revolutionary  officer, 
and  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Germantown  and 
Brandywine.  He  had  seven  .sons  in  the  war,  all  en- 
listing on  the  same  day.  Dnring  the  absence  of  the 
men  in  the  army,  a  Tory  came  to  their  house  and 
used  personal  violence  to  their  mother  for  allowing 
her  sons  to  enlist  in  the  American  cause.  For  his 
temerity  the  Tory  lost  his  life,  as  he  was  shot  by  one 
of  the  sons  on  his  return  home. 

Gen.  John  Steele  was  born  in  Drumore  in  the  year 
1758,  and  lived  on  the  farm  lately  owned  by  James 
Barnes,  a  short  distance  east  of  the  ''  Unicorn."  At 
the  age  of  nineteen  he  was  a  company  commander, 
and  at  the  battle  of  Brandywine  narrowly  escaped 
death  from  the  eflects  of  a  severe  wound.  In  1801 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Legislature,  subsequently  he 
was  State  senator  and  Speaker  of  the  Senate.  Com- 
missioned to  adjust  Indian  aggressions,  it  was  in  his 
presence  that  the  Indian  chief  Logan  delivered  his 
celebrated  .speech.  Its  tender  and  magnanimous  sen- 
timents won  the  eulogiums  of  Thomas  Jelferson  and 
others.     Gen.  Steele  died  in  1S27. 

Archibald  Steele,  a  brother  of  Gen.  John  Steele, 
commanded  a  pioneer  company  under  Benedict  Ar- 
nold on  his  celebrated  winter  march  through  the  wil- 
derness from  Maine  to  Quebec. 

Col.  James  Porter,  a  famous  officer  of  the  Revolu- 
tionary war,  lived  on  the  road  leading  from  the 
"  Unicorn"  to  Lancaster,  and  about  two  miles  east 
from  the  "  Buck  Tavern,"  on  the  farnmow  owned  by 
Elias  Aumcnt.  He  was  a  lieutenant-colonel  in  Uol. 
James  Watson's  battalion,  and  participated  in  the 
battles  of  Brandywint  and  Germantown.  He  at  one 
time  lived  just  over  the  creek  from  Puseyville.  He 
left  no  children,  and  after  his  death  his  property  went 
to  his  children. 

John  J.  Porter,  who  was  at  one  time  clerk  of  the 
Court  of  Quarter  Sessions,  was  the  grand-nephew  of 
Col.  James  Porter. 

William  Porter  emigrated  to  Kentucky,  and  John 
Porter,  who  resided  near  the  "  Unicorn,"  moved  to 
Indiana,  and  ffom  him  descended  the  present  Gov- 
ernor of  that  State. 

There  remains  in  this  township  none  of  the  once 
prominent  Porter  family. 

James  and  William  Calhoun  were  second  lieuten- 
ants in  Col.  Watson's  battalion. 

Hugh  and  William  Penny  [noved  to  Northumber- 
land County.  Some  of  their  descendants  lived  for 
many  years  below  Simpson's,  now  Liberty  S(|uare, 
and  others  at  pre-sent  reside  in  Fairfield.  They  are 
relatives  of  the  Niles  and  Calliouns. 

Moses  Irwin,  Esq.,  lived  on  the  property  of  John 


794 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Long,  near  Liberty  Square,  and  was  a  prominent  per- 
sonage dnring  the  Revolutionary  war. 

John  Long  was  captain  of  a  company  during  the 
Revolutionary  war,  and  later  a  member  of  the  Legis- 
lature of  this  State. 

Lieut.  Tliomas  Niel  was  a  member  of  the  Fifth 
Company  of  Col.  Watson's  battalion,. and  was  a  pow- 
erful man  jjhysieally.  Capt.  Patrick  Jlarshall,  of  the 
same  battalion,  having  been  killed  at  the  battle  of 
Germantown,  Lieut.  Niel  picked  Marshall's  body  up 
and  carried  it  on  his  back  for  more  tiian  a  mile.  This 
was  during  the  heat  of  the  engagement,  when  the 
bullets  were  flying  fast  around  him.  Niel's  descend- 
ants have  always  been  distinguished  as  stalwarts. 

Robert  King,  a  Revolutionary  company  com- 
mander at  the  battle  of  Brandywine,  lived  near  Fair- 
field. He  was  the  youngest  son  of  Robert  King,  who 
emigrated  from  the  north  of  Ireland  and  came  to 
what  was  tlien  a  part  of  Drumore.  He  made  his 
home  near  the  Susquehanna  River,  one  and  a  half 
miles  from  the  Peach  Bottom  Ferry.  There  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Ann  McLaughlin,  a  Scotch-Lisli  lass. 
They  reared  a  large  family  of  children,  five  sons  and 
four  daughters.  Lieut.  Robert  King  was  born  Sept. 
24,  1744,  and  died  Aug.  14,  1827.  He  was  married 
to  Jennett  Smith  April  29,  1773.  Their  children 
were  Sampson,  Elizabeth,  Sampson  S.,  Robert,  John, 
and  Jennette.  The  Kings  came  originally  from  Scot- 
land. Mrs.  Jennette  McCullough,  wife  of  Sunders 
McCullough,  and  Mrs.  Ellen  Sides,  wife  of  Dr.  M.  F. 
Sides,  are  descendants  of  the  King  family. 

In  1756,  Capt.  Mo.ses  Irwin,  of  Driimnre.  raised  a 
company  of  volunteers  fur  the  French  and  Imliaii 
war.  John  Mitchell  was  lieutenant,  and  SaiiiiR'l 
Morrison  was  ensign. 

During  the  war  of  1812,  Capt.  McCullough,  uncle 
of  Sanders  McCullouigh,  and  Capt.  Thomas  Neil  re- 
cruited two  companies  and  marched  to  lialumore. 
The  war  lasting  but  a  r^hort  lime,  they  soon  returned 
to  their  homes. 

Justices  of  the  Peace.— Since  the  adoption  of  the 
State  Ciiri,-<tiUitiiin,  allowing  townships  to  elect  such 
oflicer.s,  the  following-named  persons  have  been  hon- 
ored with  the  otlice  of  justice  of  the   peace  for  l)ru- 


bytery,  in  Wilmington,   may   contain   a   few   of  the 
important  facts. 

We  have  authentic  information,  however,  that  the 
first  place  ot  Presbyterian  worship  in  this  township 
was  about  a  milu  south  of  Chestnut  Level,  |)rior  to  " 
1730.  The  second  meeting-house  stood  at  the  foot  of 
the  hill,  near  the  old  graveyard..  The  ])resenl,  sub- 
stantial stone  church  has  been  standing  a  century  and 
a  quarter,  and  is  a  grand  monument  of  the  skill,  en- 
ergy, and  Cliristian  liberality  of  its  builders.  During 
the  pastorate  of  Rev.  John  Patton  some  internal  re- 
pairs were  made,  and  in  the  early  pastorate  of  Rev. 
LindleyC.  Rutter  the  pews  and  pulpit  were  placed  in 
their  [iresent  positions. 

Under  the  pastoral  care  of  Rev.  John  M.  Galbreath, 
in  1833,  e-xtensive  repairs  and  improvement-s  were 
completed,  the  roof  was  re-slated,  the  walls  frescoeil,  a 
tower  built  over  the  entrance-way,  a  new  pulpit  fur- 
nished, and  stained-glass  windows,  including  a  me- 
morial window  to  the  Rev.  Lindley  C.  Rutter,  took 
the  place  of  the  old  ones.  The  cost  of  repairs  was 
three  thousand  dollars.  A.  Scott  Clarke  and  James 
G.  McSparran,  of  the  building  committee,  made  a  full 
report  on  the  completion  of  the  work,  and  the  church 
was  re-dedicated  to  the  service  of  God  free  of  debt. 
It  is  a  pleasant,  venerable  structure.  The  tooth  of 
time  has  made  but  slight  imjiressions  on  its  strong 
walls.  Present  appearances  indicate  that  the  present 
congregation  and  their  descendants  may  wcn'shi])  for 
another  century  in  their  ol.l  church,  around  which 
cluster  so  raanytenih'r  nn-inorics.  .Viuohl'  the  olilest 
elders  of  the  church  were  Kohcrl  King,  Robert  Clarke, 
Hugh  Martin,  William  Calh.um,  David  ^cott,  James 
Peuuy,J.,.seph  Penny,  John  Long,  ami  Edward  Craw- 
ftud.  The  present  elders  are  Thomas  .V.  Clarke,  \. 
Scott  Clark,  Jam..-.  A.  .M.-1'hcrson,  Sanllers  McCul- 
lough, W.  \V.  \V,it-on,  William  T.  Clarke,  Samuel 
Boyd,  William  .-:,   Ha,tin-s,  and   William   R.   Bovd. 


April  l:i,  1841.  Williiiil,  W.  steel.  ,  April,  1807.  llimni  Wiih 

April  15, 1,11.5.  licoit'ii  T.  Uliirk.  I  Ai)ril,  I.SIW.  Juhii  U.  Lew 

April  14,  1846.  Josuph  Boyii.  ^  April,  IS7I.  (Jlmrli-a  W. 

April  l.i,  l.s.'il.  Jos,.ph  noyJ.  '  April,  1874.  .Tulin  0.  Lev 


on.      1   April,  187G.  Charles  W.  Pii»ey. 
•■per.      April,  187'J.  John  0.  Lewis. 
I.  April,  1881.  Samurl  1!,.>J. 


April  l:i,  18.W.  Wii 
April  1(1,1855.  I'.  \ 
M.iy  1,18.5(1.  Wlllii 
April '.MSC,).  Will 


Presbyterian  Church.— The  earliest  records  of 
Presbyterian  history  in  Drumore  liaving  been  acci- 
dentally destroyed,  much,  valuable  information  of  the 
pioneer  history  of  the  church  and  township  was  irrep- 
arably lost.     The  minntes  of  the  New  Castle  I'res- 


The  pastoral  roll,  i 

onime 

iciu- 

hack 

as 

ai 

a<  17:;i 

headed  with   Kcv, 

ohn  d 

ho,H| 

.on  I 

uti 

1 

744;  S. 

son   Smith   until 

771;  , 

ame.-. 

Latt 

I, 

i-. 

11    1771 

18U1 ;  Charles  Cun 

mings 

Ironi 

l.Si)4 

to 

SI 

S  :  Frai 

Latta,  son  of  Jam 

-  Latt 

I,   iVo 

u    LS 

0  t 

.  1 

S2,=i;  .T< 

Patton,  from   ls:;:i 

lo  is: 

1;   L 

n.lle\ 

(!. 

i; 

itler,  fr 

l,S;i5   to   1S7.-,;   .lol 

n  M.  ( 

all. re 

ath,  ( 

)ct 

1 

,  1S75, 

present  pastor. 

John  Thompson 

came 

from 

Irela 

id 

I 

irobati, 

in  1715.     In  173U 

he  cai 

le  to 

Che. 

tnu 

t 

.cvel   f 

Middle   Octorara. 

Julv 

;!i.  1 

744, 

le 

w 

IS    rcle; 

from  his  pastoral  i 

elatioi 

-.hip 

m.l  w 

i-nt 

a. 

a  mi-N 

ary  to  Western  V 

rginia 

N.irt 

1    C 

ir 

iliiia,  a 

which  an  effort  wa 

m.ide 

to  l.r 

ng  li 

m  1 

aL 

k  toCh 

nut  Level.      Hew: 

s  vci  y 

,r..ni 

i.-nt 

nl 

le 

diseu-^^^i 

of  his  day,  wa.  tli. 

anile 

r  of.. 

■vera 

r(> 

iu 

..ii<  wo 

and  ranked  with  1 
died   in    17.-.3.     Tl 

ickins 
e    past 

.n,  i; 
irate 

of  i; 

n.l 

F: 

nnaiit, 

DRUMORE    TOWNSHIP 


■'J5 


service,  and  published  a  work  of  one  luindred  and 
eiglit  pages  in  their  defense,  wliich  readied  four  edi- 
tions. In  1785  he  defended  tlie  cliurch-incorporation 
acts.  Many  of  the  congregation  were  displeased  at 
the  church  innovations  he  presented  to  their  consid- 
eration. Time  lias  shown,  however,  the  wisdom  of 
his  views.  JIany  hearts  have  been  made  glad  since 
tlien  with  the  sentiments  of  Watts'  jisalinody  made 
vocal  within  the  old  church  walls.  The  University  ] 
of  Pennsylvania  conferred  the  title  of  D.D.  on  the 
Rev.  James  Latta  for  rare  scholarship.  The  Rev.  | 
Lindley  C.  Rutter  came  to  Chestnut  Level  in  1S35,  i 
and  his  stewardship  extends  over  a  period  of  forty  | 
years.  He  lived  to  see  those  he  first  baptized  grow 
,to  man's  estate,  and  also  baptized  their  children. 
The  elders  present  at  liis  installation  slept  in  the 
churchyard  before  he  went  to  his  rest  beside  tlieni. 
He  was  always  willing  and  able  to  maintain  his  prin- 
ciples, popular  or  unpopular.  When  hut  one  vote 
was  cast  for  the  anti-sbivery  cause  that  vote  was  that 
of  Rev.  L.  C.  Rutter.  He  was  a  warm  advocate  of 
temperance,  and  never  during  his  long  pastorate  did 
he  lose  the  respect  and  love  of  his  iieople,  however 
great  mi,L:lit  be  the  dilferences  of  their  opiiii.nis. 

The  Mount  Zion  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  is 
situated  on  a  hillock  in  the  village  of  Fairlield.  It 
is  a  small  frame  structure,  and  was  built  in  1835. 
The  carpenter-work  was  done  by  Abraham  Boyco. 
Alexander  Shank,  W.  H.  Potts,  Nathan  Blake,  Wil- 
liam Arnold,  and  their  wives  were  the  first  members. 
The  first  trustees  were  Shank,  Potts,  Shade,  Arnold, 
and  Bainett.  The  present  trustees  are  James  Cain, 
N.  N.  Henscl,  Elias  Hambleton,  Matthias  Harvey, 
and  William  Harrison  Potts.  The  first  preacher  in 
charge  was  Robert  Morrison,  and  the  first  presiding 
elder  to  jireach  in  this  church  was  Lawrence  iMc- 
Coombs.  The  first  Sabbath-school  superintendent 
was  W.  HarrisyDn  Potts,  and  the  present  superintend- 
ent is  John  Adams.     The  members  number  fifty-two. 

Mount  Zion  Church  was  built  mainly  through  the 
effinis  of  Alexander  Shank,  who  emigrated  to  this 
country  from  Irelantl  in  1815.  He  was  a  weaver  by 
trade.  Converted  to  Christ  in  the  Mftlio'list  faith, 
lie  became  an  earnest  exhorter,  and  «as  lir.nvrd  as  a 
local  preacher.  In  his  anxiety  for  a  ciiiucli,  he 
dreamed  he  was  given  a  blank  paper  to  present  to  a 
Mr.  Caldwell  for  a  subscription-heading  and  a  con- 
tribution for  church  building.  He  stated  the  case  to 
Caldwell,  who  headed  the  list  with  fifty  dollars,  and 
directed  liim  to  go  to  Gardner  Furnac,  a  generous 
and  eccentric  Quaker,  and  secure  a  building  lot.  He 
did  as  directed,  and  was  successful.  Calling  on 
Joseph  Smith  (or  a  contribution,  Joseph  said,  "  Alex- 
ander, thee  knows  I  do  not  believe  in  churches  with 
paid  preachers."  Alex,  replied,  "  We  must  have  a 
fence  around  the  graveyard."  Joseph  answered,  "  I 
will  give  thee  ten  dollars  for  the  f^uce."  In  Balti- 
more he  noticed  three  well-dressed  gentlemen  in  con- 
versation, and   presented   to  them  his  subscription-  ' 


list.  Looking  at  him  for  an  instant,  one  of  the  party 
said  to  the  others,  "  Let  us  give  him  ten  dollars  apiece, 
on  condition  that  he  build  as  many  bricks  in  the 
church  as  «'e  give  him  dollars.  It  will  be  something 
to  remember  us  by  when  we  are  gone."  He  raised 
five  hundred  dollars,  with  which  was  erected  the 
plain  little  church,  soon  to  be  replaced  by  a  new  one. 
His  constant  feast  of  a  merry  heart,  his  sincerity  and 
piety  warmed  all  hearts  towards  him,  and  he  is  still 
alfectiouately  s))oken  of  by  tliuse  who  knew  him  as 
good  old  Father  Shank. 

Mount  Hope  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.— The 
beginnins?  of  the  present  Mount  Hope  Methodist 
Society  in  the  northeastern  part  of  Drumore  origin- 
ated in  two  classes:  one  met  at  Conewago  Furnace, 
at  Jonathan  McMichael's,  the  other  at  Thomas 
Smith's.  The  leader  was  Mr.  Smith.  The  first 
church  was  built  on  laud  purchased  from  H.  Har- 
mon, and  the  price  paid  was  ten  dollars  for  a  ([uarter 
of  an  acre  of  land.  It  was  a  rough-sided,  plain 
building,  twenty-five  feet  s(jiiare,  with  open  seats. 
It  was  enlarged  sixteen  feet  at  one  end,  ami  event- 
ually sold  to  the  United  Brethren.  Tlie  trustees  were 
Christian  Lefevre,  S.  Crawford,  and  Thomas  Smith. 
The  present  Mount  Hoi^e  Church  is  pleasantly  situ- 
ated on  an  eminence  in  the  northwestern  part  of 
Drumore,  and  is  a  substantial  brick  building,  and 
was  built  in  1850,  under  the  Uev.  S.  R.  Gilliugham's 
administration.  The  Methodi-^ts  at  this  church  num- 
ber one  hundred  and  iwcniy-one  communicants, 
divided  into  five  cla-s,  s.  The  class-leaders  are  J.  A. 
Steele,  James  Mc.Mi.ha.-l.  William  H.  Kline,  Henry 
S.  JIcMichael,  and  Henry  SI, mil..  Kev.  T.  M.  Brady 
is  the  pastor  in  cliaiL;e. 

The  Drumore  Baptist  Church  is  an  offshoot  from 


in    B;i 


In    Mav,   1876,    the 


following  persons,  Lizzie  Cummings,  Nancy  Dare, 
Joseph  Moore,  Mary  Alice  Moore,  W.  O.  Owen,  Re- 
becca Owen,  Emma  (Iwen,  George  Retzer,  Jennie 
Retzer,  Annie  Retzer,  Laura  Phillips,  Lizzie  Shaw, 
John  Hastings,  Clara  Hastings,  Margaret  R.  Wat- 
son, John  Watson,  Margaret  Watson,  Almuz  Watson, 
.\iine  Watson,  Sarah  R.  Wilkinson,  Phebe  Wright, 
and  Eliza  Wright  agreed  to  organize  themselves  into 
a  new  church,  to  he  called  the  "  Druuiore  Baptist 
<  'liurc-h."  Rev.  W.  0.  Owen  was  elected  their  pastor, 
and  supplied  them  witli  preaching  every  two  weeks 
in  a  house  furnished  by  Mr.  Dare,  of  Mechanics 
Grove.  Soon  after  organization  measures  were 
taken  to  build  a  church,  which  was  subsequently 
erected  on  a  lot  at  the  "  Unicorn,"  donated  by  Jlrs. 
:\Iargaret  Watson.  In  October,  1877,  this  house  was 
dedicated  to  God.  Rev.  S.  S.  Snow,  of  the  Atglen 
Baptist  Churc'h,  preached  the  dedicatory  sermon,  as- 
siste.l  by  Revs.  Critclilow  and  Wells.  The  lullow- 
iiig  year  a  Hourisliing  Sabbath-school  was  established, 
with  George  Retzer  as  superintendent.  During  the 
following  winter  an  extensive  revival  nearly  doubled 
the  original  memberslii[>.     Kev.  W.  0.  Owen  remained 


796 


HISTORY   OP   LANCASTER   COUxVTY. 


pastor  until  1881.     Since  then  the  Rev.  Alfred  Well: 
has   heen    the   pastor  in   charge.     The  church   is  ; 
•member  of  tlie  Central  Union  Association  of  Baptis 
Churches.     Tlie  property  is  valued  at  fifteen  hundred  j 
dollars. 

Old  Mennonite  Church.— Within  the  last  ten  years  j 
the  Mennonites  have  rapidly  increased  in  numbers  in  i 
Drumore.  In  1881  they  erected  a  plain  and  comfort- 
able house  of  worship  a  little  north  of  Mechanics' 
Grove.  It  is  known  as  the  Mennonite  Church  at 
Mechanics'  Grove.  It  is  forty-six  by  thirty-five  feet, 
and  its  erection  was  completed  at  a  cost  of  seventeen 
hundred  dollars.  The  original  members  numbered 
about  twenty,  among  whom  are  Samuel  Nissley,  J. 
M.  Swarr,  Jacob  Martin,  Amos  B.  Miller,  S.  J.  Ress- 
ler,  and  Abraham  Brubaker.  The  church  was  dedi- 
cated, free  of  incumbrance,  in  the  spring  of  1882.  It 
belongs  to  the  Old  Mennonite  Church  order.  Bishop 
Benjamin  Herr,  Bisliop  Jacob  N.  Brubaker,  and  Rev. 
Amos  Herr  participated  in  the  dedication.  The  nnm- 
ber  of  members  is  steadily  increasing.  They  have  a 
flourishing  Sabbath-scliool  of  eighty  pupils,  under 
the  superintendence  of  J.  JI.  Swarr. 

Friends.— The  Friends'  meeting-house  in  Drn- 
more  was  erected  in  1816.  It  is  located  one-half 
mile  south  of  Liberty  Square.  The  land  was  do- 
nated by  Jacob  Shoemaker,  and  is  a  portion  of  the 
land  purchased  by  him  of  Jloses  Irwin,  Jr.  He 
inherited  the  same  from  his  father,  Moses  Irwin,  who 
in  the  year  1748  took  out  a  [nitent  for  three  hundred 
and  nine  acres  of  land,  and  in  1750  another  patent 
for  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres.  Previous  to  the  erec- 
tion of  their  present  meeting-house  the  Friends  as- 
sembled in  an  old  school  building,  one  mile  west  of 
the  present  location,  on  the  south  side  of  the  road. 
Among  the  oldest  members  are  found  the  names  of 
Joseph  Stubbs,  David  Parry,  Jacob  Shoemaker,  Rob- 
ert Clenden^n,  Isaac  Smith,  Isaac  Bolton,  Joseph 
Smith,  Simon  Pennock,  George  Lamborn,  Amos 
Walton,  Jesse  Lamborn,  James  Worral  and  wife, 
and  Ezekiel  Atkinson. 

The  present  elders  are  Jason  Bolton  and  .Vlban 
Cutler.  The  meeting  includes  about  one  hundred 
members,  and  is  known  as  the  Drumore  preparative 
meeting.  It  belongs  to  the  Little  Britain  Monthly 
^Meeting,  Nottingham  tiuarlerly,  and  Baltimore 
Yearly  Meeting. 

Educational. — Education  in  Drumore  was  care- 
fully fostered  by  the  Scotch-Irish  element  in  its  early 
history.  In  1770  the  Rev.  James  Latta,  pastor  of 
Chestnut  Level  Presbyterian  Church,  was  principal 
of  a  Latin  school.  The  school  was  on  the  farm  now 
owned  by  John  Myers,  about  a  mile  west  of  the 
Friends'  meeling-hoiise.  Latin  and  English  were 
thoroughly  taught.  Slany  of  his  pupils  became 
famous  in  after-years.  After  Mr.  Latta  retired  from 
active  service,  the  school  was  continued  by  his  soh, 
Francis.  Another  son  of  the  Lattas',  for  his  classical 
acquirement-s,  was  selected  by  Aaron  Burr  as  tutor  for 


his  gifted  daughter,  Tlieodosia.  In  1852  an  academy 
building  was  erected  at  Chestnut  Level,  and  in  a  few 
years  an  extensive  boarding-house  was  added  and  the 
school  flsurislied  for  several  years.  The  first  teacher 
was  the  Rev.  J.  Ross  Ramsay;  the  last,  Thomas^R. 
Nicholson.  Our  semi-private  normal  schools,  aided 
yearly  by  large  State  appropriations,  have  closed 
many  excellent  private  institutions  of  learning  in 
the  unequal  competition.  Drumore  township  ac- 
cepted the  common  school  system  in  183-1,  and  had 
at  that  time  832  taxables.  In  1837  there  were  9 
schools,  12  teachers,  and  220  pupils,  supported  at  an 
expenditure  of  §3023.  In  1883  there  were  15  schools 
and  15  teachers.  The  school  near  Murphy's  Loup  is 
composed  exclusively  of  colored  pupils.  The  whole 
number  of  pupils  in  the  schools  in  1883  was  743,  387 
are  males  and  356  females.  These  are  maintained  at 
an  expense  of  §4150  per  year.  The  number  of  tax- 
ables in  the  same  year  was  018. 

Washington  Lodge,  No.  156,  F.  and  A.  M.— The 
Masonic  fraternity  of  Drumore,  known  as  the  Wash- 
ington Lodge,  No.  156,  F.  and  A.  M.,  was  granted  its 
charter  in  1818.     The  lodge  first  organized  at  the  pub- 
lic-house of  Philip  Housekeeper,  in  Chestnut  Level. 
'  The  first  officers  were  Jacob  Moore,   W.  M.  ;  John 
Ramsay,  S.  W.  ;  Samuel  B.  Moore,  J.  W.     Prominent 
among  the  old  members  were  Gardner  Furnace,  John 
Kirke,  Philip  Housekeeper,  John  Keeler,  John  Mud- 
'  erwell,  Wallace  Null,  John  Robinson,  Davis  .Suavely, 
John  Valentine,  T.C.  Tmnlinson,  Oliver  Watson,  and 
I  Richard  Edwards. 

;       During,  the  Anti-Masonic  war  the   members  were 
I  compelled  frequently  to  change  their  place  of  meet- 
I  ing.     Sometimes    they   met  near    I5lack   Rock,  at   a 
public-house  kept  by  a  Mr.  Dripp's,  at  other  times 
!  tliey  met  at  the  Running  Pump,  kept  by  a  Mr.  El- 
liott.    Fear  of  injury  to  themselves  or   their  enter- 
!  tainers  compelled  them  to  meet  at  different  places,  so 
j  fierce  was  the  Anti-!\I)isonic  fury.     At  that  time  they 
1  were  greatly  reduced  in  numbers.     Henry  Rush  and 
David  Suavely  were  sent  at  times  to   Lancaster  to 
Lodge   No.  48,   for   additional    members   to    form  a 
quorum.     The  Washington  Lodge  moved  to  Drumore 
Centre  in  1857,  and  in  1868  they  built  their  Masonic 
hall  at  a  cost  exceeding  five  thousand  dollars.     It  is 
a  handsome  brick  structure,  three  stories  high,  and 
the  largest  public   hall   in    Drumore.      Washington 
I  Lodge  numbers  eighty-seven  members.     Its  present 
j  officers  are  William  J.  JlcComb,  W.  M.  ;   David  M. 
I  Boffenmyer,  S.  W.  ;    Dr.  J.  M.  Deaver,   J.  W. ;   and 

Edward  .\mbler.  Sec,  since  1862. 
;      I.   0.    of  G.   T.— The   Good    Templars'    Lodge  in 
I  Drumore  is  a  surviving  branch  of  the  Drumore  and 
.Martic     Temperance     Union.       In     1860,     Thomas 
I  Wentz  of  the  Union  noticed  that  very  kw  of  those 
I  who  needed  instruction  in  temperance  principles  at- 
tended the  meetings.     He  stated  the  fact  to    Hon. 
James  Black,  of  Lancaster,  who  suggested  the  new  or- 
i  ganization  known  as  the  Good  Templars  as  a  remedy. 


DRUMOUE    TOWNSIIII' 


J97 


At  that  time  there  were  less  than  a  dozen  lodges  in  | 
Pennsylvania.  During  the  year  a  lodge  was  inst'i-  t 
tuted,  and  the  meetings  were  held  in  the  old  tan 
house,  a  little  north  of  the  dividing-line  between  | 
Mertic  and  Drumure.  The  first  officers  were:  ^^^  S.,  I 
Edwin  Shoemaker;  W.  A.  S.,  Rev.  K.  Hambleton  ;  I 
W.  G.,  .Tames  Ecklin  ;  W.  C,  Rev.  J.  JIcGhee ;  I 
W.M.,  Joshua  Wilson;  \V.  I.  G.,  John  McKinley;  I 
W.  0.  G.,  Joseph  Huckett;  W.  A.  .S.,  William  L.  | 
Lamborn;  W.  D.  51.,  A.  B.  Lamborn  ;  R.  II.  S.,  Em-  j 
mor  Bradley;  L.  H.  S.,  Tilghman  Tompson;  Lodge  j 
Deputy,  Edwin  Shoemaker.  The  additional  charter 
members  were  Thomas  Wentz,  Mary  J.  Wentz,  Wil- 
liam J.  Wentz,  John  Wentz,  Sarah  A.  Wentz,  Em- 
nior  P.  Bradley,  Maria  Penny,  JIargaret  F.  Shoemaker, 
Jacob  Cramer,  William  B.  Hackett,  Jeremiah  Cooper, 
Louisa  Cooper,  Mary  C.  Cooper,  and  Eliza  M.  Mc- 
Ghee.  The  lodge  was  reorganized  in  Seiitember, 
1871.  Their  present  place  of  meeting  is  in  the  new 
hall  at  Liberty  Square,  which  they  have  occupied 
since  1880.  The  lodge  numbers  eighty-five  members. 
The  Drumore  Lodge,  No.  509, 1.  0.  0.  F.,  was  in- 
stituted on  the  6th  day  of  January,  1855.  Its  charter 
members  were  James  Cain,  S.  D.  McConky,  Hugh  W. 
Ritchie,  John  McSparran,  John  Fowler,  William 
Shank,  John  Kennedy,  H.  Coombs,  Charles  Parker, 
H.  D.  Hildebrand,  Henry  Harner,  Fleming  McSpar- 
ran, Felix  W.  Sweigart,  Newlin  Thompson,  Elkana 
Coombs,  Lawrence  Hippie,  John  Rus.sell,  Edward 
Hicks,  William  A.  Towson,  and  Allen  S.  Steele. 
The  officers  first  elected  and  installed  were  Allen  S. 
Steele,  N.  G. ;  James  Cain,  V.  G. ;  S.  D.  McConkey, 
Sec. ;  Felix  W.  Sweigart,  A.  Sec. ;  and  Newlin  Thomp- 
son, Treas.  George  Sanderson,  D.  D.  G.  I\L,  of  Lan- 
caster County,  was  present  on  the  occasion.  They 
held  their  meetings  in  the  ball-room  over  Fleming 
McSparrau's  store  until  Nov.  14,  1868,  when  they 
purchased  i  lot  of  ground  adjoining  the  hotel  in 
Fairfield  of  James  Cain.  On  it  they  erected  a  hall 
convenient  for  their  purpose,  twenty-five  by  forty-five 
feet,  and  two  stories,  each  of  ten  feet  in  height.  The 
hall  cost  the  association  two  thousand  six  hundred 
dollars.  It  was  dedicated  on  the  lltli  of  April,  1873, 
by  Dr.  John  Levergood,  D.  D.  G.  M.,  and  William 
Steadman,  G.  JI.  Up  to  the  0th  of  January  the 
lodge  had  expended  for  relief  and  burying  tlie  dead 
four  thousand  four  hundred  and  twenty-three  dollars. 
Conowingo  Furnace  was  built  by  Michael  Withers 
&  Co.  in  ISO!),  and  stopped  in  18G6.  It  was  operated 
by  the  Witliers  lirotliers  until  1828.  In  the  mean 
time  it  became  the  property  of  James  Hopkins,  an 
attorney  of  Lancaster.  Samuel  D.  Orric  became  a 
partner,  and  the  firm's  name  was  Hopkins  &  Orric. 
After  tlie  retirement  of  Orric,  James  M.  Hojikins  was 
associated  in  the  business,  under  the  name  of  James 
Hopkins  &  Son.  After  the  death  of  the  father, 
Charles  Brooke,  Jr.,  acquired  im  interest,  and  the 
firm  was  known  as  Hopkins  &  Brooke.  Brooke 
withdrew  from  the  firm  in  1837;  and  from  that  time 


until  1867  James  M.  Hopkins  conducted  the  business 
alone.  A  flouring  mill  was  erected  near  the  site  of 
the  old  furnace  in  18G8,  and  it  took  the  place  of  a 
mill  built  by  Jacob  Baer  and  wife  in  1708.  This 
mill  was  located  soutii  of  the  Furnace  road,  on^the 
west  bank  of  tlie  Conowingo,  near  the  Hopkins  resi- 
dence. The  present  substantial  stone  mill  was  built 
by  James  M.  Hojikins,  who  leased  it  and  engaged  in 
farming  and  dairying.  The  quality  of  the  ore  used 
enabled  Mr.  Hopkins  to  manufacture  iron  of  a  supe- 
rior grade,  and  he  continued  in  the  business  longer 
than  any  of  the  other  old  manufacturers  in  the  vicin- 
ity. The  iron  manufactured  was  of  the  neutral  grade. 
It  differed  from  cold  short  and  hot  short  iron,  as  it 
possessed  great  tenacity  either  cold  or  hot.  5Iuch  of 
the  product  was  made  into  car-wheels,  and  after  a 
lapse  of  thirty  years  the  wheels  are  free  from  bumps 
and  depression,  ap]iarently  as  good  as  new. 

The  Conowingo  Rolling-Mill  was  erected  by  Neff' 
&  Kendric,  and  situated  about  two  miles  below  the 
furnace  on  Conowingo  Creek.  It  was  purchased  on 
the  failure  of  the  builders  by  Robert  Coleman,  owner 
of  the  Cornwall  Furnaces,  in  Lebanon  County,  Pa. 
Coleman  sold  the  rolling-mill  to  James  Sproul,  and 
in  1840  James  M.  Hopkins  purchased  it  from  Sproul. 
The  mill  was  operated  for  a  time  by  a  Mr.  Riddle, 
and  lastly,  in  1843,  by  Col.  Peter  Sides.  After  a  time 
j  the  building  disappeared,  the  dam  was  swept  away, 
I  and  now  there  is  scarcely  a  vestige  loft  to  arouse  a 

suspicion  that  a  rolling-mill  ever  existed  there. 
I       Sickle-Mills. — Sickles  were  extensively  manufac- 
tured LJi  Drumore  at  an  early  date.    A  sickle-mill  was 
!  located  on  Fishing  Creek,  above  the  Penrose  mansion, 
I  another  on  McFarland's  Run,  north  of  StaufTer's  mill, 
and  a  shop  south  of  the  mill ;  another  on  the  Robert 
I  Moore    farm,    another    on    the   farm*  where   George 
Long  now  resides,  and  one  on  Skelpie  Run,  built  by 
I  Thomas  Johnston    and   William   Wright.      Stephen 
John  Hamilton  had^a  steam  sickle-mill  on  his  farm. 
j  One  stood  near  the  bla.kMiiith-shop  of  Samuel  Wy- 
I  bels,  and   one   in   the    forks   <ii  the  road   leading  to 
Long's  mill,  on  the  Nathaniel  Myers  farm.    One  stood 
in  the  lane  on  the  old  James  McPherson  property, 
now  owned  by  Jacob  Denlinger.     John  King,  in  ad- 
dition to  the  manufacture  of  scythes,  also  forged  out 
sickle-irons.    He  owned  a  tilt-hammer,  run  by  water- 
power,   half  a  mile  east  of  Fairfield,  on   the  King 
farm,  now  occupied  by  his  daughter,  IMrs.  Ellen  Sides. 
There  was  also  a  sickle-mill   at  Jloderwell's,   on   a 
branch  of  the  Octorara.    Col.  Hugh  Long  was  among 
the  first  to  manufacture  sickles.    He  lived  where  James 
Long  now  resides,  east  of   Liberty  Square.      John 
Long,  son  of  Col.  Hugh  and  fiither  of  William  and 
Harvey    Long,  carried   on   the   business.      William 
Wright,  one  of  the  few  surviving  sickle  artisans,  w.as 
indentured  to  him  at  three  years  of  age,  and  served 
until  he  was  twenty-one  years  of  age.    Fishing  Creek 
John  Long,  now  eighty-two  years  of  age,  is  another 
survivor.      The  sickles  were   sent  to   the   hardware 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


dealers  in  Philadelphia  and  Baltimore,  and  by  th 
sold  to  the  retail  merchants  in  all  i)art.i  oi'the  Unii 


Th 

e   sn|.eri 

)r  quality  of  the  Drnuiore  s 

ekles  and 

!' a  ! 

i.idrnitr 

irkel.     Thev  were  sold   at  oi 

e  lime  as 

z: 

s   lour  I 
ollar.   p 
vas  gene 

.illars  per  dozen,   at   others 
■r  dozen.     The  iron   for  tlieii 
rally  oljtained  at  the  Marlie 

,s  hioh  as 
nianufae- 
aiid  rih.ek 

Ivock  Forges.  It  was  iron  bars  two  iiulus  in  width 
and  one  in  thickness.  The  steel  used  was  English 
shear  steel  two  inches  by  one-half  inch.  The  steel 
for  eight  blades  weighed  one  pound.  Tlicy  were 
toothed  with  a  cold  chisel  and  liammer.  .\fter  the 
sickles  were  shaped,  toothed,  and  temperud,  they  were 
ground  and  polished  on  fine  Nova  Scotia  stones,  and 
]iut  up  in  packages  of  half  a  dozen  each,  and  secured 
by  twisted  rye  straw  bands.  Thirty  dozen  was  a  one- 
horse  load.  John  Long  was  the  last  sickle  manufac- 
turer ill  Drumore,  he  having  carried  on  the  business 
until  his  death  in  1855.  The  husbandmen  of  a  hun- 
dred years  ago  reaped  the  golden  grain  with  their  tiny 
sickles,  while  to-day  their  descendants,  with  luoderli 
reaper   and    biiiaer>   drawn    bv    horses,    Leather   more 


Flouring-Mills.— Tl 

Creek  are  -Mills',  ]Ies^ 
known  as  Jlutton's),  an 
first    was    built    bv    Jr 


Hour 


jii  Fishing 
itter  better 
M-k's.     The 


built  it  in  1873.  The  Penrose  mill  was  a 
ol' stone,  and  the  first  history  we  have  of  a 
erty  there  is  in  1743,  when  it  was  owned 
JlcCullough.  Alter  being  in  the  possessio 
owners,  Julius  Hubert's  representatives,  in 
it  to  Israel  Penrose.  The  Penrose  brothers 
and  Joseph,  eiime  into  posse.ssion  in  lS3:i,  a 
they  built  the  present  mill. 

IVnnock'^  mill,  as  early  as  17.s',l,  was  o 
man    naiiRd    Henry    Paiisiuan.      At   that 

mill  on  Fisliing  Creek. 

Farther  south,  along  the  Susquehanna, 

James  liarne-,  who  in  17S5  obtained  it  f 
Mitchell.  Ill  bSlO,  Jame.  liarnes'  son  Jai 
the  mill  on  the  old  site,  from  which  it  w; 
and  rebuilt  by  James  Cain,  in  1875,  on 
location.  The  right  of  way  granted  to  tin 
and  Port  Deposit  Railroad  necessitated  il 
In  1880  the  railroad  company  establish 
Station  on  the  old  saw-mill  site. 

Staullcr's  llo'uring-mill,  on  the  Conowi 
wa^  Ijuilt  by  the  Long  brothers,  William  a 
in  1848.  An  cvtensive  business  is  carrie 
jjresent  owner. 

The  Puscyville  mill,  in  the  extreme  eii 
of  Drumore,  was  built  on  the  west  branch 


lil!.! 

unit 

mill 

rop- 

,y  Cn 

orge 

1  Ot    1 

lany 

1827 

sold 

lienj 

uniii 

id  in 

1842 

torara  and  Stewart's  Run.  In  1743  the  property  was 
owned  by  Matthew  Brown.  It  came  into  the  Pusey 
name  from  Hieronemus  Eckman,  who  has  owned  it 
for  four  gienerations.  Samuel  Pusey  removed  the  old 
mill  and  built  the  present  stone  part,  and  Mahlon 
I'usey  erected  the  frame  iiart.  The  farm  and  mill 
pro|icrty  is  now  in  the  |)ossession  of  Thomas  Pusey. 

Rebellion  of  1861-65.— As  in  all  the  preceding 
wars,  so  in  the  wur  of  secession  Drumore  engaged 
actively  lor  the  lue^crvation  of  the  whole  Union.  The 
Twenty-first  Pennsylvaida  Cavalry  'Volunteers  that 
enlisted  from  her  citizens  were  Capt.  William  H. 
Phillips,  wounded  at  Cold  Harbor;  Lieut.  William 
Chandler,  captured  in  a  close  encounter  at  Hatcher's 
Run,  and  retained  in  Libby  and  Danville  prisons 
tiiitil  the  general  exchange;  Q.m.-Sergt.  Harvey 
Seiple;  Com.-Sergts.  Jackson  W.  Potts,  Lewis  A. 
\Vickersham,  John  A.  Rinier  ;  Corp.  ^Villiam  Seiple; 
William  A.  McPherson,  company  clerk;  David  Netl', 
farrier;  Corp.  Harvey  Gratf,  died  of  wounds  received 
October  27lh ;  Privates  William  U.  Drum,  Joseph 
Hackett,  Henry  Hart,  Henry  Pagan  (wounded  Sept. 
11,  lStJ4),  James  Rogers,  Amos  Rinier,  John  Rinier, 
Mahlon  Rinier,  Thomas  Trimble,  John  H.  Trimble, 
Jacob  Northamber.  The  regiment  enlisted  fir=t  in 
thesis  months'  service,  and  afterwards  in  the  three 
years.  At  the  clo^e  of  the  war  the  companies  were 
detailed  to  Appomattox  Court-House,  Charles  City 
IJoui  t-House,  and  other  places  in  that  part  of  Vir- 
ginia. The  regiment  was  engaged  at  Mount  Jackson, 
in  the  battles  before  Richmond,  and  around  Peters- 
burg, Boydton  Plank-Road,  Cold  Harbor,  Hatcher's 
Run,  Bellefield  raid,  Pindar  Grove  Church,  and  else- 


In 


Hundr 


In- 


Edwi 


ts  present 
Columbia 


ngo  Creek, 
nd  Harvey, 
d  on  by  its 

Lstern  limit 
of  the  Oc- 


Thinl  Penm 
fantry  Volunteers,  Rev.  h^.hraim  Pott^ 
ant ;  Joseph  Potts,  Thomas  JIcGuigon, 
tiorsuch  belonged  to  Company  K.  They  were  at 
the  capture  of  Fort  Fisher,  N.  C,  Darbytown  Road, 
and  Chapin's  Farm. 

Lieut.  Samuel  lioyd  raised  a  company  for  the  six 
months'  service,  and  in  it  were  John  S.  lioyd,  James 
H.  Booth,  and  Alimus  Watson  as  sergeants.  The 
enlisted  men  were  John  C.  Lewis,  Esq.,  David  Deaver, 
William  Black,  1 
liaiii  Rediiiaii,  St: 
iiell  A.  Boyee,  \V 
Seiple,  ,luhn  J,. 
Maxwell. 

At  the  expiration  of  their  term  of  service  many  re- 
enlisted  in  the  Seventy-ninth  and  One  Hundred  and 
Twenty-second  Regiments.  In  the  latter  were  John 
Myers,  Henry  Myers,  David  lOarnhart,  J.  P.  Ham- 
bleton,  William  McConisey,  and  John  Fowler. 

This  regiment  was  engaged  at  Fredericksburg  and 
Chancellorsville.  Lieuts.  Eusch,  Gilbert,  and  Harry 
Marsh  commanded  colored  companies.  Among  the 
black  soldiers  from  Drumore  were  Reuben  A.  Cook, 
Jonathan  Stout,  Robert  Stout,  Jacob  Arcliey,  James 


saac  Kiihiis,  Jacob  Redman,  Wil- 
■|ilien  McVey,  Robert  Clarke,  Bick- 
Hiaiii  Risk,  Roliert  Linton,  Samuel 
Long,   Albert  Myers,  and  Sanders 


DRUMORE   TOWNSHIP. 


799 


Bowman,  Sanders  Richardson,  Elwood  Stokes,  Joseph 
Harris,  Charles  Body,  Isaac  Body. 

In  otlier  military  organizations  were  Lieuts.  Samuel 
\Vrif5ht,  Albc-rt  Wright,  B.  F.  Tennis,  William 
Tennis,  George  Long,  Robert  Bair,  Joshua  Bair, 
Joseph  Showalter,  Henry  Showaltcr,  Jacob  Shaub, 
William  Hess,  John  Kckman,  William  Wesley, 
Thomas  Wesley,  James  Watson,  Elias  Watson,  James 
McComsey,  David  Asprill,  James  P.  Kvans,  Isaac 
Groff,  George  Russell,  Benjamin  Groli;  William  Hofl- 
nian,  Harry  Qnigley,  Elias  Groli',  Samuel  Groli;  Jacob 
!^hanb,  Benjamin  Winters,  Robert  ^V.  Dawson,  Frank 
King,  Joseph  Retzer,  Jasper  Morrisson,  Joseph 
Groif,  Jackson  Taylor,  David  Dunkle,  Henry  Shoop, 
Henry  S.  Weyart,  Richard  Retzer,  ami  utber,. 

The  Seventy-ninth  Regiment  Pena-ylvanja  Volun- 
teers was  engaged  in  twenty-two  battles.  Amcmg  the 
most  important  were  Chaplin  llill-,  or  Perryville, 
Chickamanga,  Buzzard's  l;i)u>t,  Mi>>ion  liidge,  and 
Atlanta.  William  T.  Clarke  was  commissary  sergeant ; 
Thomas  B.  Hambleton,  Henry  .McCrabbe,  Jacob  liv- 
ers, Joseph  Rinier,  Enimor  Bradley's  sons,  Thomas 
Wesley,  William  Hollman,  and  otlicrs,  from  the  six 
months'  service.  I>r.  B.  1'.  Sides  was  a  surgeon  in 
Forty-ninth  Regiment.  Dr.  Iddings  was  also  an 
army  surgeon.  The  list  of  killed  from  Drumore  in- 
clude Robert  Maxwell,  John  Smith,  John  Ritcliie, 
Jasper  Morrisson,  and  JoM-pb  Kyle. 

Slaves.— The  la^t  slaveholders  in  the  township 
were  Dr.  Dong,  who  had  :>  f.-male  slave,  Judy  Roilney. 
Col.  Lon-  owned  .laiiir,  Bodiiey.  The  Morrisons  had 
a  feiiialo  sh.vr,  Sail  \Vl.ip|.er.  Col.  San.  yi^.rn-cur. 
slave,  Kbrnc/a-r  .(ack..,ii.  wa,  freed  by  law  at  twenty- 
three  year.-,  of  age.  William  Ankrim,  father  of  Mar- 
tin Ankrim,  hail  a  slave  purchased  at  liis  father's  sale. 
Dr.  James  Ankrim  owned  a  fenuile  slave.  Mint. 
Elijah  Mackiulyre  held  many  slaves.  The  last  living 
slave  in   Di^imore  was    owned   by    William   Ritchie. 


Her  name  was  Phillis  Bush.  She  was  a  light-colored 
mustee,  with  straight  hair,  and  was  long  known  as 
"  Aunt  Phillis."  Her  husband  was  Cicsar  Augustus. 
At  her  death  involuntary  servitude  ceased.  j\laiiy  of 
the  slaves  weie  buried  in  a  colored  graveyard  on  the 
ridge  east  of  Che^^tnut  Level  Church,  on  the  Rogers 
farm. 
Past  and  Present  Compared.— In  tlie  year  I77i; 

and  disbursements,  £43  17s.,  about  .•^2■J||.  Fm  tlie 
year  1882,  a  huiulred  and  ten  years  later,  the  >iiper- 
visors  of  Drumore  claim  ?')0(i-1.77  for  the  township 
disbursements.  Granting  that  the  wealth  of  the  tow  n- 
ship  has  increased  with  its  requirements,  the  I'ompar- 
ison  is  startling.  The  first  covers  an  estimate  for  what 
is  now  iMartic,  Drumore,  Little  Britain,  and  Fulton 
lown..bips,  .ind  i.  alloled  by  William  Steele.  Wil- 
liam .Me.Vlier,  Samui^l  ilorris.m,  and  Thomas,  ( 'larke, 
auditors.  The  latter  includes  oidy  Drtiniore  (.reseat, 
and  is  attested  by  ICIias  Aument,  Jidin  Moore,  anil 
Solomon  Gregg,  auditors.     Among  the  names  promi- 


nent in  the  early  history  of  the  township  and  familiar 
at  the  present  time  are  those  of  Jlorrison,  Ritchey, 
Long,  Boyd,  Moor,  Penny,  McClellan,  Evan,  Steele, 
Patersifn,  Reed,  Scott,  Johnson,  Collins,  Clarke,  Black, 
Xewswang^'r,  Ramsey,  Smith,  JlcCullough,  McPher- 
son,  JlcSparran,  Neal,  Martin,  Hamilton,  Awkrini, 
McLaughlin,  King,  >Jelson,  and  others.  A  civiliza- 
tion that  has  maintained  itself  so  long  amid  surround- 
ing elements,  that  has  wrested  [irosperity  from  adver- 
sity, liberty  from  absolute  monarchy,  as  did  the  early 
settlers  of  Drumore,  is  certainly  a  civilization  worth 
preserving.  If  the  liistory  of  Drumore  in  the  future 
shall  be  as  honorable  as  that  of  the  past  we  must 
preserve  and  practice  the  virtues  of  our  ancestors. 


BIOGRAPHICAL     SKETCHES. 

FLE.MIXG  McSPAKR.\N. 
The  McS|iarran  family  is  one  of  the  oldest  in  south- 
ern Lancaster  County,  and  most  prominently  and  ac- 
tively associated  with  its  local  history  and  progress 
since  its  founder,  James  McSparran,  settled  there. 
James  JlcSparran  emigrated  from  the  north  of  Ire- 
land and  settled  with  liis  wife,  whose  family  name 
was  Fleming,  near  Peach  Bottom,  on  the  Susque- 
hanna River,  but  nothing  certain  can  be  traced  as  to 
the  time  or  circumstances  of  his  emigration  or  settle- 
ment, nor  do  his  descendants  po.ssess  any  history  of 
their  aiiceslors,   nor  account  of  any   branch    of  the 

The  son  James,  the  father  of  our  subject,  was  born 
at  the  old  homestead  in  the  year  17(34,  and  married 
Elenor  Neel,  daughter  of  Thomas  anJ  Gresall  Neel, 
nee  Penny,  a  member  of  an  old  and  widely-extended 
family,  the  direct  representative  of  wdiicli  at  this 
writing  (1883)  is  Tln.mas  R.  Neel,  of  Fulton  town- 
ship, Lancaster  Co. 

James  McSparran  died  March  18,  1827,  and  Elenor 

Aug.  12,  1841,  and   were  buried  in  what  is  known  as 

"  the  old  graveyard,"  near  the  present  Presbyterian 

',  Church    at   Chestnut    Level,   of   which   church   the 

I  family  have  always  been  energetic  and  steadfast  mem- 

liers. 

Tlie  is.ue  of  James  and  Lienor  were:  1st,  James, 
and  Laliella  Fleming  (twins),  born  May  2.".,  1801. 
.lames  married  Amelia  F.  McCuUough,  March  8, 
ls:;2,  and  died  May  31,  18()3.  His  widow  still  owns 
the  hne  old  homestead  farm,  where  she  lives  with 
her  daughter  Lizzie  anil  son  Sander-,  l-abella  mar- 
ried ,lohn  King,  April  2l',,  ]S27,  and  die.l  Dee.  14, 
1S71.  Her'  .laughter,  Ellen,  married  B.  F.  Sides, 
M.D,,  and  Jeaiinette  married  Sanders  McCullough. 
I'lie  tbiid  child  was  Thomas  Neel,  born  March  6, 
1803,  and  died  .March  28,  1820;  the  fourth  wnsGresall, 
born  Oct.  31,  1804,  married  June  2,  is.'.l,  Samuel 
!  Morrison,  and  died  Dec.  31,  1850;  the  lifth  was  Eliza 


HISTORY   OF  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


Martha,  born  Sept.  12,  1806,  married  James  Barnes 
.July  iC,  1827,  and  died  (M.  5,  1853;  tlie  sixtli  cliild 
was  Jolin  McSparran,  born  July  15,  1808,  of  wliom 
we  furnisli  a  sketch  ;  tlie  seventh,  Elenor  Jean,  born 
Feb.  15,  1810,  whom  James  Barnes  married  after  the 
deatli  of  liis  first  wife,  Eliza.  Elenor  died  Sept.  22, 
1874.  The  eighth,  Uachel  Neel,  born  Feb.  4,  1812, 
died  Aug.  28,  1819;  the  ninth,  Margaret,  born  Dec. 
8,  1813,  who  married  William  Steele;  she  died  May 
27,  ISC.ti.  The  tenth,  Samuel,  was  born  Nov.  20,  1815, 
and  accidentally  shot  by  his  brother  James,  Feb.  18, 
1837.  Next,  the  eleventh  child  was  born,  our  subject, 
Fleming  McSparran,  Sejit.  12,  1817.  The  next  birth 
was  that  of  twins  again,  Thomas  Neel  and  William, 
born  Kov.  20,  1820. 

Thomas  married  Lydiann  Pusey,  sister  of  the  wife 
of  Fleming.  William  married  Alice,  daughter  of 
James  Caldwell,  E.sq.,  who  lived  but  a  short  time 
after  her  marriage.  William  married  again,  his 
second  wife  being  Marcilcna  Williamson.  Josepli 
was  the  fourteenth  child,  born  June  26,  1823,  and 
died  July  24,  1834.  Rachel,  the  lilteeiith  and  last 
child,  was  born  March  7,  1S27. 

Fleming  was  ten  years  old  when  his  father  died, 
and  James  Penny,  who  was  appointed  his  guardian, 
apijrenticed  him  when  he  reached  the  age  of  sixteen 
to  William  Eves,  of  Chester  County,  Pa.,  for  two  and 
a  half  years,  to  learn  "  tlie  art,  trade,  and  mysteries 
of  tanning."  After  serving  his  apprenticeship,  he 
worked  on  the  farm  at  home  for  his  brother,  James,  for 
some  time.  About  the  year  1838  he  went  to  Illinois, 
where  he  was  engaged  in  agriculture  for  a  year.  The 
following  year  he  spent  boating  on  the  Ohio  and 
^Mississippi  Rivers  from  Pittsburgh  to  New  Orleans. 
Keturning  to  Lancaster  County,  traveling  from  Pitts- 
burgh on  horseback,  he,  with  Amen  Stubbs,  April  4, 
1840,  entered  the  business  of  lumber  dealer  on  the 
Susquehanna,  at  Barnes'  saw-mill,  now  known  as 
Benton  Station,  on  the  Columbia  and  Port  Deposit 
Kailroad,  under  the  firm-name  of  Stubbs  &  McSpar- 
ran, in  which  business  he  continued  two  years,  when, 
sullering  from  bad  health,  he  sold  out?  the  busi- 
ness to  James  Barnes.  For  the  year  1842  he  was 
tax  collector  for  his  district.  The  following  April 
he  returned  to  the  lumber  business  at  the  same 
place,  with  his  brother,  Thomas,  as  partner,  where 
he  remained  until  March  15,  1845,  when  he  i)ur- 
chased  the  store  property  at  Fairfield,  wdiere  he  spent 
the  remainder  of  his  life.  While  in  the  lundier  busi- 
ness, he  and  Joseph  Woodward  were  contractors 
for  rebuilding  the  public  road  around  Mitchell's 
Rock,  near  Benton.  The  road  had  been  washed 
aw.ay  previously  by  the  ice  and  high  water,  but  the 
new  contractors  were  triumphant,  and  built  a  road 
that  hiis  borne  the  iloods  and  battering  of  ice  for  years, 
and  still  remains  an  example  of  honest  worknumship 
thoroughly  done, — thoroughness  l>eing  a  character- 
istic of  Mr.  iNIcSparran,  arud  one  secret  of  his  success. 

Dec.  30,  1840,  he  married  his  estimable  wife,  Mary 


I  E.    Pusey,   daughter  of  Mahlou    Pusey,  Puseyville, 
I  Lancaster   Co.,    and    opened    his    store   at    Fairfield 
the  following  spring.     A   large   family  was  born  to 
them,  tha  first  being  a  daughter,  born  Oct.  3,  1847, 
whom  they  named  Emma  Housekeeper;  next  came 
!  James  Mahlo'n,  Dee.  23,  1848;  Lydia  Ellen,  Jan.  21, 
i  1850  ;  Edwin  Pusey,  April  26,  1851  ;  Samuel  Cheyney, 
j  Oct.  28,  1852;  Mary  Alice,  Nov.  27,  1854;  Ida  Eliz- 
abeth, April  9, 1856  ;  William  Fleming,  Dec.  13,  1857  ; 
,  Marion,  Sept.  19, 1859  ;  Edgar  Lyons,  June  18,  1861 ; 
Isabel  King,  June  16,  1863;  Margaret  Steele,  May 
15,  1866  ;  and  Anna  Pusey,  May  4,  1867.    Edwin  died 
I  Aug.  14,  1867  ;  Mary,  May  10,  1855  ;  Margaret,  Sept. 
'  10,    1866;    and   Anna,   March   28,    1871,  and   Death 
1  never  touched  a  fairer  blossom  or  a  brighter  promise! 


Emma   married   David  AVeidley,  Oct.  2,  1876,  to 
whom  one  child  was  born — Elizabeth  McSparran — to 


o  the 
Went 


De. 


Two 


live  only  from  .May  17,  IS' 
following. 

I       James  M.  married  Laura 

'  and  settled   on   liis   farm    near  his  old 
children  have  been  born  to  them,— Guy  Fleming  and 

■  John  Walter. 

j      Samuel  C.  married  Floretta  C.  Cain,  Dec.  29,  1880, 

I  and  they  have  named  their  one  child  Elmer  Cheyney. 
Tliey  also  have  purchased  a  farm  and  settled  almo?t 
within  sight  of  the  roof-tree  "  at  home."  The  home- 
place,  store  and  farm,  is  owned  by  three  of  the  un- 
married children, — Lyilia,  Ida,  and  William  F., — wlm 
conduct  successfully  the  business  so  well  established 
l)y  their  parents,  the  other  three  unmarried  children 
making  their  home  with  them. 

Fleming  IMcSparrau  is  another  example  of  the  suc- 
cess of  tlie  Scotch-Irish  tact  and  energy,  exercised 
with  temperance  and  forethought  and  guided  by 
honesty.  Certainly  it  is  the  surest  e^^idence  of  no- 
bility in  a  man  when  those  with  whom  he  is  thrown 
into  social  and  business  contact  increase  their  rc-;prct 
for  him  day  by  day, 
as  life's  sun  goes  down 
days  of  mammon-w.n-liii 
man  who,  though  his  lii 
cided,  anil  that  success 
genius  of  self-denial  and 
man  a  brother,  though  he  be  on  the  lowest  round  <il 
the  social  ladder,  where  circumstances  of  birth,  edu- 
cation, and  life  have  almost  chained  him;  the  man 
who  never  fails^  to  see  in  such  a  one  ''  a  man  for  a' 
that"  is  a  benediction  on  his  community.  His  kind- 
ness of  heart  and  human  symiiathies  win  him  frien<ls 
wherever  he  has  actiuaintances,  who,  when  they  fol- 
low his  body  to  the  grave  as  their  last  mark  of  respect, 
feel  that  they  have  lost  more  than  he.  Such  a  man 
was  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  Contracting  a  severe 
cold  while  performing  an  act  of  charity,  in  the  spring 
of  1876,  he  died  JIarch  20th  of  that  year,  and  was 
buried  at  Chestnut  Level,  whither  his  beloved  wife  fol- 
lowed him  soon  after,  falling  beneutli  a  lalal  stnikeof 
jjaralysis  at  the  death-bed  of  a  nephew,  March  4,  1879. 


grow  warmer  in 
the  western   sk\ 


ork, 


:id  a 


the 


wn.r.iwr    mai;sii 


DRUMOIIE   TOWNSHlV. 


801 


JOHN    McSl'ARRAN.  [ 

Of  the  MuSparran  family,  which  is  one  of  the  rep-  | 
■  resentiitive  families  of  the  bouthern  part  of  Lancaster  i 
County,  James  McSparran  (granillather  of  our  sub-  | 
ject)  is  the  first  of  whom  anything  definite  is  known 
at  this  time.     He  was,  as  the  name  indicates,  of  Irish 
extraction.     He  settled,  some  time  in  the  latter  part 
of  the  eighteenth   century,  in   what  i.s  now   Fulton 
township,   in    Lancaster   County,   on   the    farm    now 
owned  by  the    heirs  of  his  grandson,  who  was  also 
named  James.     At  his  death   his  larm    passed    into 
the  possession  of  his  son  James,  the  rest  of  the  family 
going  in  ditl'erent  directions.     The  last  named,  James, 
married  Eleanor  Neel,  by  whom  he  bad  fifteen  chil- 
dren,  viz.:    James,   Isabel,   Thomas,   Gresall,   Eliza, 
John,  Eleanor,  Rachel,  Fleming,  William,  Tlu.mas 
N.,  Samuel,   Joseph,  Jlargaret,  and   Rachel.     John, 
of  whom    this   sketch    is  written,  was    born   on    the 
home    farm    July    15,  1S08,  and   grew    to    manhood 
there,  receiving  only  a  common   scliool    education. 
Arrived  at  his  majority,  he  and  his  brother  James 
bought  of  their  father's  heirs  the  home-farm  at  its 
appraised    valuation.     They   owned    and    worked    it 
together  four  years,  when  John  sold  his  interest  to 
his  brother  James.     In  1S32,  Mr.  McSparran  bought 
in  Drumore  township  the  farm  he  now  resides  upon. 
It  Wius  then  what  was  called  commons  and  was  con- 
sidered almost  worlhle-s,  but  now,  after  more  than 
half  a  century,  it  ranks  among  the  tine  larms  of  Lan- 
caster County,  the  result  of  good  management.     In 
1840,  with  three  others,  Mr.  McSparran  established 
the  store  in  Fairfield  now  known  as  the  McSparran 
store.    He  continued  one  of  the  firm  until  1847,  when 
he  sold   his  interest  to   his  brother  Fleming.     Mr. 
McSparran  has  now  retired  from  active  business,  his 
son,  James  G.,  having  assumed  the  management  of 
affairs.     In  his  religious  belief  he  is  a  Presbyterian, 
as  were  his  ancestors  before  him;  in  politics  a  Dem- 
ocrat of  the  old  school,  and  in  his  younger  days  an 
active  worker  in  the  party.     For  twelve  years  in  suc- 
cession he  was  a  school  director,  and  has  held  other 
township  offices.     For  many  years  he  seldom  nussed 
a  county  convention,  and  has  at  different  times  at- 
tended as  delegate  the  State  conven 
At  present  he  does  not  take  any  actii 
but  his  place  is  ably  filled  by  his  » 
one  of  the  active  and   iirominent  ; 
who  are  doing  so  much  to  restore  tl 
He  (James)  has  been  school  direc 
and  has  ably  filled  other  townsiiip  offices.     He  has 
been  a  delegate  to  both  county  and  State  conventions, 
and  in  187'J  was  one  of  the  Democratic  Presidential 
electors  for  his  native  State.     John  McSparran  has 
been  twice  married;  his  first  wife  was  Miss  Isabella 
McCullough,  who  was  horn  in  1816.     Their  children 
were  Nancy  E.,  born  May  1,  1841,  died  Dec.  8,  1852; 
James  G.,  born  Dec.  19,  1843      Mrs.  McSparran  died 
Aug.  23,  1845.    For  his  second  wife  he  married  Eliza 
Collins,  who  was  born  Aug.  8,  1812,  and  died  Feb.  2, 
50 


1877.  To  them  were  born  David  C,  April  7,  1854, 
died  September  17th,  same  year;  Eleanor  I.,  born 
Aug.  26,  1854,  and  died  Oct.  15,  1855.  James  G. 
McSparCan  married  Miss  Sarah  M.  Collins,  and  they 
have  had  four  children,  as  follows:  Isabella  TNI., 
Thomas  C.  'deceased),  Chella  Grace,  John  A.,  and 
James  O. 


AVILLI.4M  MARSH. 
William  Marsh  was  born  in  Sadsbury  township. 
When  he  was  iiuite  a  young  man  he  began  the  manu- 
facture of  scythes,  which  he  continued  until  184U, 
when  he  purchased  a  farm  in  Bart  township,  where 
he  lived  eight  years.  In  1850  he  removed  to  Dru- 
more township,  and  lived  there  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  in  1S72.  In  182!)  he  married  Alace,  daugh- 
ter of  John  Watson,  of  "Unicorn."  Their  children, 
ten  in  number,  are  Tainor,  Sarah,  Alace,  Mary, 
Rachel  R.,  W.  Harry,  James  R.,  Enos,  Margaret  M., 
and  Minnie.  Tamor,  the  eldest  daughter,  married 
B.  W.  Fox.  They  have  three  children,  namely, 
Joseph,  Alace,  and  Mary.  Sarah  married  Hierony- 
nius  Eckman.  Their  children  are  Alace,  Harry,  and 
Sadie.  Alace  married  Marcelona  Goar.  They  have  no 
children.  Mary  married  Joshua  Eckman.  Their  chil- 
dren are  Jacob,  Isaac,  Margaret,  and  Mary.  Rachel 
married  Dr.  B.  A.  Boyce,— no  children.  W.  Harry 
married  Jennie  Alexander.  Their  children  are  Julin 
M.,  Lela  M.,  and  William  K.  J:inK's  R.  married  Miss 
E.  E.  Eckman.  Tlirir  chihlreu  an-  Ahu'e,  Mannie, 
and  Bertha.  Enos  W.  married  Mi.-.s.  M.  E.  Smedley. 
They  have  two  children,  Clarence  W.  and  Emmor  E. 
Margaret  M.  married  John  Adams.  Their  children 
are  Mary  and  James.  Anna  M.  married  O.  C.  Guiiiey. 
They  have  one  child,  Mable. 

Mr.  Marsh  was  a  man  who  was  always  respected 


.f  ki 
nthy 


idnu 


ve  been 
enty  yea 


US  of  his  part; 
part  in  politic 

,ng  pol'iticia, 
I,arty  to  powt 
-  several  yeai 


1  for    his    honor,    his    deed 

j  virtues   that   render   one 
remembrance. 

I  Enos,  Harry,  and  James  (his  sons) 
the  mercantile  business  for  more  than 
and  their  deportment  and  business  qui 

1  fleet  credit  upon  their  name. 

1 


The  descend,ants  of  John  Neal  Russell  feel  a  par- 
donable i>ride  in  his  record  as  one  of  the  most  pro- 
gressive agriculturists  of  his  time. 

He  was  born  in  Brandywine  Hundred,  New  Castle 
Co.,  Del.,  July  3,  1804,  and  died  in  Drumore  town- 
ship, Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  23,  187G.     His  grand- 
father, Paul  Russell,  or  Roussel,  as  it  was  formorly 
spelled,  emigrated  to  this  country   from    one  (jf  the 
Rhenish  provinces  of  Germany  about  the  middle  of 
,  the  last  century,  and  settled  on  the  west  bank  of  the 
j  Delaware,  where   his  son  John,   father  of  Joiiu  N., 
I  was  born  Dec.  12,  1765." 


HISTOkV    of   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


catu 
j'ul  t 
ing-i 
Join 


In  1802,  John  Russell  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Ann  Neal,  a  daughter  of  Jolin  Ncaj.a  noted  educator 
in  his  day,  and  a  man  of  broad  culture  and  of  fine 
literary  tastes.  Of  this  union  John  Ncal  Kussell  was 
the  only  child.  His  father  being  a  bu.sy,  energetic 
fanner,  had  but  little  time  to  devote  to  tlie  educa- 
tion of  his  son.  His  mother,  however,  wlm  wa-^  a 
woman  of  rare  force  of  character,  with  a  lili.ral  cdii- 
devoted  much  time  and  attenticju  tu  his  vdiiili- 
ning.  At  an  early  age  he  was  sent  to  a  IiohkI- 
ool  at  Chester,  Pa.,  conducted  by  his  relatives, 
nd  Samuel  Gumnicre,  where  he  remained  sev- 
eral years,  and  during  which  time  he  received  a  .sub- 
stantial education. 

If  at  tlie  Ihrcslioldof  liis  life's  work  his  inclinations 
seemed  to  lure  biiu  into  tlie  field  ot'  literature,  a  de- 
cided taste  lor  which  lie  iulierited,  other  influences 
and  considerations  were  iHijielling  him  elsewhere. 
The  care,  reb])onsibilily,  and  toil  of  breaking  up  and 
reclaiming  a  worn-out  farm  of  four  hundred  acres 
confronted  hinj.  The  .^iiuatiou  teemed  to  admit  i.if 
but  one  solution.     He  was  to  be  a  farmer. 

This  decision  once  reached,  he  entered  upon  his 
work,  as  he  did  in  everything,  with  a  stern  i>ur))ose 
and  unswerving  resolution.  The  books  that  now 
most  interested  him  were  those  that  treated  of  agri- 
culture, lie  educated  himself  anew.  What  he  read 
at  night  he  put  in  practice  through  the  day. 

Much  of  llie  farm  in  Duniiiore  was  at  this  time 
under  water  ;  that  is  to  say,  there  were  several  streams 
running  nearly  its  whole  length,  and  the  valleys  of 
tliese  were  nothing  more  than  stagnant  swamps.  The 
observant  farmer  saw  in  these  the  future  garden-spots 
of  the  farm.  To  reclaim  tliese  waste  places  was  the 
work  of  loiii:  years,  but  it  was  successfully  accom- 
plished. ^\'llcu  it  is  known  that  thorough  draining 
requires  ditches  to  be  sunk  not  more  than  fifteen  feet' 
apart,  and\  that  these  ditdies  when  dug  have  to  be 
carefully  laid  with  side  and  top  stones  and  then  filled 
in  with  snudler  stones,  and  top-dressed,  it  will  be 
comprehended  what  a  careful  system  of  underdrain- 
ing  means.  Fifty  dollars  an  acre  is  the  estimated 
cost  of  such  thorough  underdraining. 

In  si)eaking  of  this  work  in  atter-years,  Mr.  Tvus- 
sell  said  it  had  paid  him  belter  than  any  other  work 
lie  had  ever  done  on  the  farm  ;  and  no  one  who  w.ilks 
over  that  rich  green  sward  now  can  well  ilonbt  it. 
iSIr.  Kusscil  was  also  a  pioneer  in  other  liranchcs  of 
agriculture.  He  was  one  of  tlie  lirsl  in  Lis  section 
to  Use  lime  as  a  manure.  Firmly  convinced  .,f  its  effi- 
cacy, he  embarked  in  it  boldly  and  extensively  when 
others  doubted  and  hesitated.  That  the  end  fully 
justified  the  means  was  obvious  enough  when,  a  few 
years  afterwards,  the  fruits  of  the  farm  had  been  in- 
creased many  fold,  the  uplands  and  valleys  bad  been 
clad  in  a  robe  of  verdure,  and  the  debt  created  in  the 
face  of  the  doubting  wiseacres  to  pay  for  the  fertilizer 

His  was   eminently  an  experimental  fiinn.     There 


was  no  system  that  did  not  receive  at  his  hands  a  fair 
trial.  If  it  failed  there  was  an  end  of  it.  If  it  suc- 
ceeded he  not  only  adopted  it,  but  freely  gave  the 
benefit\)f  his  experience  to  others,  and  urged  a  trial 
by  them.  F.very  im)n(jvement  in  agricultural -ma- 
eliinery  founil  its  way  to  his  farm,  and  generally  re- 
mained there  if  it  possessed  any  advantage  over  the 

•In  the  manner  of  his  farming  Mr.  Russell  was 
seriipulously  painstaking;  so  much  so,  indeed,  that 
the  jirotU  in  dollars  and  cents  was  not  unfrequently 
(aten   up  in  time  and  labor.     He  held  religiously  to 


IS,  alter  a  time,  his  tarin 
f  the  model  farms  of  Lam 
ere  its  fields  and  pastures, 
in  all  its  ajjpointments;  a 


me  to  lie  known  as 
ter  County  ;  so  fer- 
well  kept,  so  com- 
thus,  too,  was  the 


itself  the  worknni 


reward  in   his  declining 


Mr.  Russell  was  one  of  the  first  in  his  neighborhood 
to  esjiouse  the  anti-slavery  cause.  His  inherent  love 
of  liberty,  and  hatred  of  oppression  in  every  form, 
would  no  doubt  have  made  him  an  abolitionist  under 
almost  any  circumstance  ;  but  finding  himself  placed 
as  he  was  directly  in  the  highway  leading  from  slavery 
to  freedom,  and  only  a  lew  miles  from  the  slave  bor- 
der, liis  convictions  concerning  the  subject  of  slavery 
were  necessarily  intensified. 

In  several  instances  slaves  were  captured  in  his 
immediate  neighborhood  and  remanded  into  bondage. 
In  one-  instance  an  escaped  fugitive  slave  woman 
living  in  his  father's  family  was  stealthily  caught, 
tied,  and  carried  away  in  broad  daylight.  Occur- 
rences such  as  these  seem  to  have  established  a  strong 
bond  of  sympathy  between  him  and^the  unfortunate 
colored  race.  His  house  became  known  as  one  of  the 
principal  stations  on  the  underground  railroail.  Nut 
unfrequently  as  many  as  twenty  fugitives  at  a  time 
were  rested  and  fed  upon  bis  premises,  and  afterwards 
conveyed  away  in  wagons. 

From  1840  to  1850  Mr.  Russell  felt  justified  in  de- 
clining to  participate  in  State  or  national  politics, 
deeming  the  machinery  of  government  as  being  at 
that  period  operated  directly  in  the  interest  of  sla- 
very, anil  llierefore  unworlliy  of  his  support.  From 
IS.'.i;  liirward  he  was  .in  urdeiil  and  earnest  supporter 
of  the  i.rineiples  an.l  measures  of  the  Republican 
party. 

The  cause  of 
anywhere  than 
unfortunate  vii 
extend  the  war 
rifice  was  dee 
remotest  chance  of  reclaiming  the  fallen.  Against 
the  rum  traffic  he  never  ceased  to  wage  the  most 
determined  warfare. 

Among  the  strongest  traits  of  Mr.  Kii.ssell's  char- 
acter were  his  strict  integrity,  his  high   regard   for 


in  John  N.  Ras.sell.  To  I 
drink  he  was  ever  ready 
mpathy,  and  scarcely  any  s.i 
II   great   where   there  was  t 


'.Ut, 


CC-y 


DKUMOHE   TOWNSIHP. 


Ki-o 


Am 


trutli,  and  his  fearless  tidelily  to  duty,  as  li 
stood  it,  under  all  circumstances.  To  the  li 
cise  of  qualities  such  as  these  was  no  doubt  i 
measure  due  the  calm  and  jjeaceful  close  of 
In  1830,  My.  Russell  was  united  in  ma 
Amelia  Kirk,  daughter  of  Elisha  Kirk,  ol' 
liam,  Cecil  Co.,  Md.  She  survived  him  \,u 
lime,  having  died  Marcli  12,  I.S77.  He  left  t 
liim  children  as  follows:  Slater  li.,  ju^lici 
peace  and  conveyancer.  West  Chester,  I'a 
X.,  intermarried  with  George  H.  Kirk,  superiiiUud- 
ent  of  the  Whitney  Car-Wheel  Works,  I'lnla.Uiphia  ; 
Mary,  intermarried  with  Jacoh  T.  W'hitMUi,  fanner, 
Fulton  township,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.;  Rachel  11., 
intermarried  with  William  M.  Hayes,  a  niLnibei  ot 
the  Chester  County  bar.  West  Cheslei  Pa  ,  Gcoige 
11.,  stock-grower,  Utica,  Montana;  an  1  H  inn  ih  m 
termarried  with  Elwood  Snudley,  lumu  1  nit  n 
township,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa. 


LEA    P.    liUOW.V. 
Some  time  prior  to  the  Revolution  ir\   wit  three 
brothers  by  the  name  of  IJrown  emigr  ited  from  Ire 
land  to  America,  and  settled,  it  is  tlnjught,  ui  CliCilLr 
County,  Pa.,  where  David  Brown,  the  hi>t  ot  the  ile 
scendants  of  whom  anything  definitt   is  known    w  i-. 
born   on  the  ISth   day  of   Decembei     17  )b      Dl    Iih 
children,  James  Brown,  the  father  of  our  subjeit  «  i 
born   in  Chester  County,  Pa.,  Jan.  2u   17'I2      I)  im  I 
Brown  married  Diana  Allen,  who  was  b(  in  M  ireli  s 
1757.    Their  children  were  Allen,  David    lobn  "mi  il 
James,  Mercer,  William,  Jane,  and  Geoigt      In  ] ,  is 
David  emigrated  with  his  family  to  Drunion   liun 
ship,   in   Lancaster  Co.,  and    bought   loui    liundud 
acres  of  land,  part  of  which  is  now  owned  bv  \\  d 
liam  A.  Brown  and  Robert  Evans,  on  which  In.  died 
April  21,  1843.     His  wife  passed  away  M  ly  22,  1S48    j 
James  Brown, Svho  was   born   in  Chester  Count),  is  j 
above  set  forth,  grew  to  manhood  on  the  Drumore 
farm,  and   married  Ann  D.  Pusey,  who  wis  bom  m 
Drumore,  Jan.  30, 1706.     The  Puseys  are  an  old  Lan- 
caster   family,  and    came   originally   from    England. 
On  the  death  of  his  father  (Daviil  Brown),  he  received 
by   will    the    farm    of  one   hundred    and    fifty-seven 
acres,  now  owned  and  resided  upon  by  Lea  P.  I'rown. 
James  carried  on  farming, as  liad  his  ancestor-,  bildie 
him.     He  was  a  Quaker,  as  was  his  wife  by  birtb- 
riglit.     He  died  Nov.  10,  1852,  Mr.s.  Brown  Nov.  4, 
1853.     His  children  were  John,  born  Feb.  3,  181G;  , 
Lea  P.,  Sept.   28,   1817;   Samuel  P.,  June  3,  IXID; 
James   A.,    I'Vb.   1(1,   1.S21  ;    .Maiy    D.,   D.c.   1,  ISj:,; 
Emily,  .Ian.  11,  l.Si;7;  and  David,  Nov.  l.'r.  I.Sl'8.     Of 
these  all   are  living  but  Samuel,  Allen,  and  lanilv. 
On  the  home-farm   Lea  P.  grew  to  manh.M.d,  ..btaiii- 
.   ing  such   education  as  could   be  ac(|uiriMl  by  a  few 
months'  attendance  at  tiie  district  soiiools  of  bis  time. 
Arrived  at  liis  majority,  be  started  in  life  on  his  own 
account   by    working   part  of   his   father's   farm    on  ' 


s. 

Raising   po 

atoes 

at    twenty- 

five 

cents   per 

el, 

md  working 

for  Ibrty  cents  a 

day 

seemed   a 

wa 

•  of  gelling 

I  stai 

,  but   for  .^ 

own  tliere 

olker  way. 

md   1 

e   ],er-evere 

1,  ai 

d  by  such 

me 

1M-,  ublaim-d 

the  1 

.un.lalion  f. 

r  th 

e  nice  Ibi^ 

be 

now  eii^.-y^. 

All. 

r  bis  father 

s  de 

ith  ho  and 

ri.t 

ler  Davi.l  Ik 

Uflhl 

d- the  heirs 

hel 

ome-fann, 

,  t 

lev  owne.l   a 

ul    <,| 

crated   nnti 

185 

3,  when  he 

1.1 

)avid's  shar 

L-.      U 

der  hi^  ma 

age 

iient  it  has 

one  of  the 

fine 

arms    l.,r   u 

lieh 

Lancaster 

ty 

is  noted,  tb 

)Ugll 

al    one    lim 

would    not 

g' 
■1) 

lin  enough 
llso  owns   a 

O   SU| 

ply  the  fain 
lariii,  b..lh 

ly  u 
of  \ 

a  Ills.     Mr. 
Iiicb,  with 

lel, 

of  his  sons 

he  1, 

est  sllcee^.,1 

lUy 

nanages. 

111  tlie  days  gone  by  the  Browns  were  Whigs,  as 
s  Lea  P.,  until  the  organization  of  the  Republican 
rly,  .--ime  when  he  has  been  a  sturdy  supporter  of  its 
iiieiplev    llella■^  been  a  sebooldirectorseveral  years, 

d   l.a^  liebl  oilier  loun>hi| lees.     In  December, 

12,  he  married,  Mi.ss  .Malimla  Patterson,  daughter 
vSamuel  and  Mary  Palterson.  She  died  childless, 
.'C.  27,  184S.  On  the  I4lli  day  of  September,  1855, 
r.  Brown  was  .again  married,  bis  choice  being  Miss 
izabelh  Pbilena,  dallglilerof  Tliitiiias  and  Ilaiiiiali 
.  (l>n..ev)  I'all.Tso,,.  She  was  born  in  Lillle  Ihil- 
1  townshiIl,•Lanca^ter^  o..  Pa.,  Get.  IC,  1N28.  The 
itlersiin.-.  are  ;in  old  and  prominent  family  id'  Lan- 
ster  County.  His  great-grandfather,  James  Patler- 
11,  was  bin-n  in  County  Antrim,  Ireland,  in  1708. 
e  married  a  widow  lady,  wliose  maiden  name  was 
ary  Hamilton.     It  is  not  known  when  he  came  to 


S04 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Little  Britain,  where  he  died  in  1792.  His  son, 
Thomas  Patterson,  was  horn  in  1705,  and  died  Aug. 
25,  1828.  Tliomas  married  Mary  Tannyhill,  and  re- 
sided on  the  farm  liis  father  had  owned,  wliere  their 
children  Rebecca,  Elizabeth,  Samuel,  Nathan,  JIary, 


e  born.  <  )f 
1,  was  burn 
He  married 
IS  born  Jan. 
i  were  born 


Margaret,  Thomas',  James,  and  Jane  we 
these,  Thomas,  the  father  of  Miss  Brow 
Feb.  13,  1700,  and  died  July  30,  1857. 
Hannah  AV.  Pusey,  Feb.  11,  1820.  She  v 
9,  1804,  and  died  Jan.  26,  184S.  To  the 
seven  children,  namely,  Ashmore,  John  L.,  Thomas 
M.,  Maria  M.,  Elizabeth  P.,  James  H.,  and  Samuel 
E.,  all  of  wliom  are  living  but  two.  Of  the  Patter- 
son family,  one  was  Gen.  Thomas  Patterson,  who  led 
a  force  to  the  assistance  of  Gen.  Hull  during  the 
siege  of  Detroit  in  the  war  of  1812,  but  did  not  arrive 
in  time  to  prevent  its  surrender  to  the  British.  The 
general  was  also  a  member  of  Congress,  iis  was  his 
brother  John,  who  represented  a  district  in  Ohio,  ami 
was  for  many  years  an  associate  judge  in  Belmunt 
County  in  the  last-named  State.  To  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Lea  P.  Brown  have  been  born  three  sons,  viz.,  James 
H.,  born  Aug.  9,  1854,  died  April  19,  1855;  Thomas 
W.,  born  Sept.  26,  1856,  married  Nov.  2S,  1882,  to 
Miss  Georgie  A.  Paxson  ;  and  James  E.,  born  July  8, 
1865. 


CHAPTER    L. 


E.ARL   TOWXSlin'. 


laid  out 


Amoxg  the  townshi[)sof  Lancaster  Counl_ 
at  its  organization  in  1729,  none  seems  to  have  en- 
joyed more  advantages  than  Earl.  Of  considerable 
extent,  it  embraced  lands  among  the  best  in  the  new 
county.  The  soil  was  principally  limestone.  The 
surface  ofrthe  district  was  moderately  rolling,  includ- 
ing several  valleys  of  considerable  extent.  A  range 
of  hills,  the  Welsh  Mountains,  skirted  its  southern 
border.  Nowhere  was  the  soil  more  fertile.  It  was 
famous  for  its  excellent  timber  and  the  abundance  of 
its  water  supplies,  almost  every  I'arm  having  had  its 
own  spring  of  water.  Its  numerous  advantages  early 
drew  the  attention  of  emigrants,  and  none  of  the  early 
townshii)s  tilled  up  more  rapidly.  The  settlers  were 
principally  Germans  from  the  Palatinate,  men  of  a 
hardy  type,  accustomed  to  toil,  and  the  possessors  of 
many  sterling  virtues.  Their  descendants  to-day,  ibr 
the  most  jiart,  still  hold  the  lands  they  j)urchascd 
from  the  Proprietaries,  and  Earl,  with  her  vigorous 
offsjiring,  East  Earl  and  West  Earl,  is  to-day  among 
the  best  cultivated,  the  richest,  and  most  intelligent 
J/mcaster  County. 


It  was  not  until  1717  that  pioneers  found  their  way 
into  Earl  township.  This  honor  belongs  to  Hans 
Graaf,  a  Swi.ss  refugee,  who  arrived  in  Pennsylvania 

I  in  16%,  and  after  remaining  for  some  years  in  the 

I  vicinity  of  Philadelphia  first  located  in  the  Pcquea 
Valley.  A'hile  in  jjursiiit  of  his  strayed  horses  he 
fiiUMil  his  way  into  what  is  familiarly  known  as  Groft''s 
Thai,  within  the  limits  of  West  Earl  township. 
Pleased  with  the  country,  he  had  his  wife,  children, 

I  and  chattels  conveyed  thither,  and  located  on  the 
stream  now  called  Groff's  Run,  where  he  soon  after 
took  up  land.^ 

'  This  Hans  Graaf  was  a  man  of  more  than  ordinary 
force  of  character;  he  was  the  principal  person  in  the 
new  settlement  that  sprung  up  around  him,  even  to  the 
time  of  his  death,  iu  1746;  his  name  fre(iuently  occurs 
in  the  colonial  records;  he  was  one  of  the  persons 
named  to  lay  nut  tile  "King's  High  Road,"  from  Lan- 
caster to  I'liihuleli.liia,  in  1733.  Along  with  many 
others  he  was  naturalized  on  Oct.  14,  1729,  in  the 
third  year  nl'  the  reign  of  George  II.  He  had  already 
built  a  mill  j.rior  to  1729,  and  when  in  that  year  the 
town.ship  was  organized  the  citizens  honored  both 
themselves  and  him  in  giving  his  name,  Graaf,  in  its 
English  equivalent.  Earl,  to  the  new  district.  The 
foundation  stones  of  the  cabin  he  built  in  1718  are 
yet  to  be  seen  on  the  old  Gnjif  place. 

As  early  as  1734  the  springs  along  the  northern  and 
southern  slopes  of  tlie\Velsh  ^Mountains  and  along  Mill 
Creek  had  owners;  the  Martys  and  Elhnakers  were 
among  these.  In  1724  anotlier  settlement  was  begun, 
and  again  by  Swi.ss  and  Palatines,  in  "  Weber's  Thai," 
now  "  Weaverland,"  and  within  the  present  limits  of 
East  Earl.  Anumg  them  were  the  familiar  names  of 
Weber,  Guth  (;r  Good,  Martin,  Schneder,  Miller, 
ZimmeruiaH,  and  others.  These  w«re  chiefly  ."\Ien- 
nonites,  to  which  creed  many  of  the  people  of  that 
region  still  remain  attached.  Their  nearest  neighbors 
were  a  eohiny  nf_\\'eMi,  who  located  in  Chester 
County  in  17J2,  but  had  extended  their  settlement 
as  far  westward  as  uliere  (Miurehlowii  now  stands. 
The  IMor-ai;-,  i:dw;,id-,  .leiikinses,  Davises,  Joneses, 
and  Evanses  were  among  tliuse  pioneers. 


vcy  < 


ill  uf  tlie  C'om'SldHiv 


0  on  Oct.  i,  1718,  and  calls  for  eloTe 
li  uf  t't'bniiry,  1724,  lio  buU{^lit  t\\ 

1  Ki'UJrick  iind  Il.ms  lUrr,  wliu  hii 
ffnn  on  the  22.1  of  Novc-inbei ,  17r 
■aurv>.ye,llolH-m  in,,  single  lract,o 
iii.),fuurtc-en  liiindn!>land  nina.-t 
.i  .l.-id  w,ui  niiidf  to  him  by  Thoma 


J  ■ 

one  English  silver  si 

1  Tho  bialory  of  Iho  Ihico  EariB  wna  veiy  carcfull)'  Jirepared  by  Frank 

liiiid  annually  on  uv 

E.  PifffndHfer  in  187C,  and  ia  hole  reproduced,  with  Bonie  addition;, 1 

Ittiniug  in  some  waj 

material,  bringing  it  to  the  i,)esent  time.     It  h„a  been  thonght  best  to 

iiciea  Cilkd  fo,  by  1, 

retain  its  unity,  and  the  early  history  of  what  is  now  Kast  and  West 

on  Oct.  1,;,  1742,  \vl,i 

Earl  will  be  found  iu  this  sketch. 

shortage. 

EARL  TOWNSHIP. 


805 


While  colonies  had  thus  been  founded,  both  in 
wliat  are  now  the  bounds  of  West  and  East  Earl,  up 
to  this  time  no  white  men  had  etl'ected  a  settlement 
in  Earl  proper.  In  the  summer  of  1727  the  ship 
"  William  and  Sarah'"  sailed  from  Rotterdam  with 
ninety  families  of  Palatines,  numbering  in  all  about 
four  hundred  souls.-  Tliey  arrived  in  Philadelpliia 
in  .September  of  that  year.  Anions  them  were  two 
brothers,  Alexander  and  John  Dillenderfer  ;^  the 
former  settled  in  Oley,  Berks  Co.,  while  the  latter, 
in  1728,  loaded  his  family  and  household  goods  on  a 
wagou  owned  by  one  Martin,  of  Weayerland,  and  at 
length  came  to  a  halt  beneath  a  spreading  oak  in  the 
near  vicinity  of  the  present  New  Holland. 

His  neighbors  at  GrolFs  Dale  and  Weber's  Dale 
kindly  aided  him  in  putting  up  a  rude  cabin  wherei)i 
to  shelter  his  family.  These  same  kind  friends  sup- 
plied him  with  flour  and  meat  for  his  immediate  ne- 
cessities, and  a  Jlr.  Bear  generously  gave  him  a  cow. 
This  was  the  humble  beginning  of  New  Holland,  the 
metropolis  of  the  Earls,  but  at  that  day  known  as 
Saeue  Schwamm.  This  very  suggestive  luime  was 
applied  to  a  narrow  strip  of  low  land  lying  imme- 
diately north  of  the  present  town,  and  now  in  tlie 
ownership  of  the  Hoovers,  Meutzers,  and  I^dand-^. 
John  Dillenderfer  was  not  left  long  alone  in  his  wood- 
land solitude.  In  the  course  of  a  i'cw  years  quite  a 
number  of  other  Germans  located  in  the  neighbor- 
hood;  among  them  were  the  familiar  names  of  Stone, 
Brimmer,  Diller,  Brubaker,  Koch,  Uoland,  Sprechcr, 
Mentzcr,  Kinzer,  lianck,  \Veidler,  Becher,  Luther, 
Bitzer,  Schultz,  and  many  otliers,  all  of  whom  are  to 
tliis  day  represented  by  numerous  descendants.*  The 
youthful  colony  must  have  increased  rapidly,  as  no 
less  than  seventy  persons  communed  with  the  Lu- 
theran congregation  of  this  place  in  17-18,  which 
would  indicate  a  population  of  several  hundred, 
although  itris  more  than  probable  that  many  of  them 
were  from  the  adjacent  settlements,  where,  in  the 
absence  of  any  church  organizations  of  this  denom- 
ination, such  privileges  were   not  obtainable,  just  as 


o.li.'S  uf  GeiniiUia  ciiiuo  together  tliey  were  ulmost  iu- 
iiiiii  liy  a  clorgyni.in.  Along  with  these  four  honiln-il 
N  came  the  Rev.  George  Michilul  Weis,  ii  GeiuiiiM  Re- 
iinl  a  graduate  of  the  University  of  Heiilell.crg.  He 
Miie,  atino  fiCliolar,  anil  opuke  Lalin  as  reaJily  us  hia 
-/Li.zanfa  Hiy.  of  Hi.,  xv.  p.  lUS. 


'  Wil 


'Tlio  iiininiormiina,  Rujyi,  Wolffs,  \Vit[uoi.-i,  Sniitlia,  Stauners,  Mil- 
i-a,  Soiglea,  Slmltzes,  Styers,  IIolTiiiana,  Keysora,  Wengora,  Kochs 
hmiclls,  all  came  over  in  \Tn ;  tlio  Sliirks,  E-ihlouians,  lianelcH 
jufere,  SL-ylore,-in  ITiS ;  the  Itcif-i,  Bowmans,  Keiacra,  Kocha,  in  17J0 
e  Nugclti,  n  ,,  M  V  IS  Olii-iholsera,  llenrs,  Kiliivns,  in  17:10;  Hit 
liiila,    M  ,  ■;  ,  It    w,    in    17.11;    the    Mn-selnmn.-!,    Holla 

■  K.ra,  l;i:.      I,,  ii.Klia,  Spreehera,  in   naj;  tho  Winters 


euding  year  brought  more  o/  the  sarn 
early  every  Instance  been  changed  to  t 


The  sp 


the  Presbyterians  of  Caernarvon  traversed  the  Welsh 
Mountain  to  attend  the  parent  church  in  Pequea,  or 
tliose  of  the  Reformed  Church  gathered  at  Zelteu- 
reich's.i 

Earl  Township  Org-anized.— Lancaster  County 
was  legally' est;iliiislied  in  tlie  sjiriiig  of  1729.  On 
the  9th  day  of  June  following  a  county  meeting 
was  held,  and  the  names  and  boundaries  of  seven- 
teen townships  were  then  established  by  the  people 
and  magistrates  assembled  fol-  that  purpose.  Earl 
township  was  tenth  on  the  list,  taking  its  name,  as 
has  already  been  stated,  from  the  first  white  settler 
witliin  its  limits.  The  boundaries  and  name  were 
confirmed  by  the  Quarter  Sessions  Court,  held  on  the 
1st  of  August  ensuing.  The  following  is  a  transcript 
of  the  original  entry  in  the  court  docket:  "Earl 
township  :  beginning  by  Peter's  Road  by  Conestogoe 
Creek,  being  a  corner  of  Leacock  township;  thence 
up  Conestogue  Creek  by  the  east  side  thereof,  to  tlie 
mouth  of  Muddy  Creek,  and  up  Jluddy  Creek  to 
the  Indian  path ;  thence  along  tlie  southern  branch 
of  Peter's  Creek  to  the  brow  of  Turkey  Hill;  thence 
southerly  on  a  direct  course  to  the  northeast  corner 
of  Tliomas   Edward's    land,    and    by    the   said    land 


stogue  Cr 


iiid 


southerly  over 

of  P(enn's)   lam 

corner  of  the  wt 

by   the  said  lai 

of  the  mountain;  thence  we: 

tain  by  Salisbury  Hue  to  Oav 

thence  to  Peter's  Road,  and 

place  of  .beginning."     Howe 

ries  may  have  been  to  those 

seem  a  little  indefinite  to  u- 


mother  corne 


i-our 


to 


Xatliau   Evan's  land,  then 
iiiig  soutlierly   to    the    top 

lavitl  Cowan's  west  corner; 
g  the  same  to  the 
lain  these  boiuula- 
locatrd  tliem,  they 
,  ,t  surveyor  would 


,ve  a  tougli  and  puzzling  time  of  it  to  run  those 
les  now.  At  the  same  time  constables,  supervisors, 
il  overseers  of  the  poor  were  appointed  for  the  town- 


)SJUS 


Tlie 


)r  Earl 


sit  is  a  very  coiniuun  error  to  suppose  that  all  tliose  of  the  same  i 
ill  a  cert.iin  district  are  Jesconded  from  a  single  ancestor.  This  uiii 
prevails  very  generiilly  in  these  townships  uii.l  thrNiigliout  the  coi 
Hardly  any  name  can  ho  iiienlioneil  amoiig  Ihe  GeriUiiii  cmigrunts 
is  not  represented  by  dozens  and  often  scores  of  duplicates  of  the  g 
who  followed  each  other  over  in  rapid  succession.  i\n-  instance,  I 
seldoni  seen  a  Groff  or  a  llerr  who  did  not  claim  to  be  a  lineal  desi 


rical 


oftheother 


stagger  tlie  faith  . 
,■  of  all  Ihenfrsprm 
on.-s  of  these  nani.'S.  Uiii  only  the; 
ay  not  the  scores  of  other  Graafi  ar 
ia  also  have   had  cliildien,  and   if  6 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER    COUNTY. 


Martin   Grove;'  no   supi-rvisdr    nur    overseer  of  the  \  said  concerning  tlieni    i^   a-;   applicable  to  the  wliole 

poor  was  named.    This  circuiiiNtaiicc  may  doubtless  be  .townsliip  in  its   entirety  as   to   any   particular   |iarts 

explained  by  the  fact  tliat  ihe  jiublic  roads  were  too  '  tlicrenf,  ami  not  to  these  townships  only,  but  also,  in 

few  and  unimportant  to  require  tlie  services  of  a  su-  i  a  nie;fsare,  to  the  county  and  the  State  at  large, 

pervisor,  and  that  the  number  of  indigent  and  needy  Lands  .taken   up. — Nearly   all    the  early   settlers 

was  so  few  as  to  not  require  overseei's;  at  all  events,  took   up  land,  as  it  was  railed, — that  is,  purchased  a 

we  give  the  benefit  of  this  supposition.     Edward  VA-  ecilain  nuiiilicr  of  a.irs  Irom  the  proprietary.     Penn 

wards  was,  in   ITo'.i,  appointed   ])oUHd-keeper  of  llic  hiui>elf  did   not  sell    in   small   quantities,  but  those 

towriship;  he  ami  the  c  instable  already   named  are  who  bought  large  tracts  resold  to  others.     The  price 

the  first  township  ot!i,  er-  of  whom  there  remains  any  estalilished  was  about  ten  cents  per  acre,  with  a  small 

record.  quit-rent.-     It  is  hardly  necessary  to  say  none  is  to  be 

Township  Divided.— For  a  period  of  one  hundred  lia.l  heie  at  that  price  now.     As  the  Palatinate  was 

an<l  four  years  the  boundaries  of  Earl  town-,hip  as  '  one  of  the  lie<  cultivated   districts  of  Germany,  so, 

A  petition  was  accorilingly  addre^seil   to  the  County  were    known    as    redemptiimers,   jiersons   who,   upon 

Court  to  that  effect.     On  Aug.  l.S,  1S2S.  viewers  were  their  arrival  here,  were  obliged  to  sell  their  personal 

appointed;  their  names  were  William  Cihlions,  .Vdam  services  for  a  term  of  years   to  pay  their  jjassage- 

Reigart,  and  Christian   II.  Raurh.     Their  leport  wa^  money.     Tn  1722  we  read  some  of  these  were  disposed 

in  favor  of  a  division,  ami  iva^  conlirmed  on  Nov.  Is,  at  ten  [joumls  each  for  five  years'  servitude.    A  manu- 

1S33,  the  new  town-hip  InMiig  called  \\'e.-t  lOai  I,  while  script  of  the  titnes  says  "  many  who  have  come  over 

the  ohl  township  continued  to  be  called  lOarl,  ^ome•  umh-r  covenants  for  four  years  are   now  nuisters  of 

times  East  Earl.     There  being  a  considerable  -iini  of  i;ieat   estates."     Some  of  the  redemptioners  here  in 

money  in  the  township  treasury  at  the  period  ol-epa-  Eirl  became  [u-ominent  and  wealthy  citizens:  it  was 

ration,  the  newly-crealed  district  claimed  its  -hare.  no  bar  to  wealth  or  respectability, 
but  the  parent  town-hip  fiiliii-  to  see  Ihe  maltrr  ii 
the  same  light,  an  adin-Hn'ml  of  the  dilli.  iilty  wa 
reache.l  through  Ihe  medium  ,,f  the  eouit-,  wl,i<>l 
awarded  a  ;-n.  n,/^,  dividend.  A  Inilher  -nl,divi-ioi 
was  petitioned  fir  eighteen   yeai.  later.     Samnel   1'.!. 

erly,    John   L.   Sharp,   and    .\dam    Keller    were    ap-  tluee  prominent  hi-liways,  of  which  mention  is  made 

pointeil  viewers  to  impiire  into  tlie   propriety  of  di-  ini(u-  to  the  town-liip  oiganization,  but  no  fiets  rela 
viding  Earl  {a'l'i-s  Ea-t  I'.arl )  town-hip.   'f  hey  report,- 

recommending  such  divi-ion  ..u  ,Tulv  2:'.,  ISol  ;  their  a-.ertaine.l.  l'erha|.s  they  were  originally  In. 
report  was  rea.l  and  hh  d  on  Aug,  1',),  ISol.  and  eon-  path-  only,  and  altei  wards  converted  into  highway,. 
firmed  by  the  court  .m  the  sam,'  .lay.  The  area  of  q'l,e-e  weie,  fir-t,  the  Ilorsc-Shoe  roa<l,  running  east 
the  township  as  originally  deline.l  was  loily-three  ami  we,t,  upon  which  New  Holland  is  built,  and  the 
thousand  nine  humliv.l  an. 1  eighty  -i,\  arre^aprin-  ro.el  up.m  part  of  whose  course  the  New  Holland 
cipality  in  it  elf.  Ina-mn.h  as  for  ni..re  than  on.-  tnriipilce  r.'-t-.  The  se.-on.l  was  known  as  the  Pa.xton 
hundred  year-,  an.l  lh..-e  th..  m.-t  imp.Htant  ami  in-  r.ia.l  ;  the  villag.'  .,1  llmklet.iwn  is  traversed  by  it, 
foresting  of  their  hi-tory,  tin-  F.arls  were  a  >iiigl<',  in-  ami  ii  i-  imw  known  a-  the  Jlarrishurg  and  Down- 
dividual  township,  it  has  been  deeme.l  pr..per  fir  the  in-town  tnrnpik.'.  flie  tliird  was  the  Peter's  road, 
purpose  of  this  sketch  to  attempt  n.i  clivi-ional  hi--  le.nliiig  I'mm  the  t ',,ne-tog.i  to  Pequea,  and  crossing 
tory  ;  they  were  the  same  in  manners,  customs,  ami  tlie  lloi-e-Slme   roa.l  alioiU   two  miles  west  of  New 

ra.lition,   ever   an    iin-afe   guide,   says   it 
line  tV.im  a  well-known  friendly  Indian, 

.1    thi-   ro.id  ;    but  historv   more    truth- 


cads  and  H 

ghways.- 

-A-  li 

I-,! 

lie; 

.ly 

oad  -upervi- 

H-  were  : 

pp.)in 

e.l 

uh 

n 

>    was    organ 

ral   inf.-rci 

as    ilo 

T 

t    tl 

-.11 

l'\vini'in"llu 

Karl    lim 

ts.     T 

lei 

■re 

■epr.iniinent 

higliways. 

of  wh 

eh 

itie 

vheii   tii'ey 

izatio 

1,  1 

1    ot 

t 

atained.       1' 

a-ha[.s    tia 

y    wei 

e    , 

rigi 

lal 

government,   and   i 

1   a   general   sense   what 

.shall    be 

llollan.l 

iTlio  t,Avi„li,p  .unsti. 
wlien  thd  c.iiliot  Ki-pl 
StouiriTaiuI  I'etoi-  Buk.a 
170.-),  .\l.n.liali.rm-i..',vlll 

ec.,,.1   l.e-i.is,  WU1X-  U3    fulluwar 
;  mil,  U.uig,-  Gt'hr;  1704,  Flu. 
!..»;. 1110  l.-„ni,.y  li.ivijig  .i|.|..';i.H, 

m-1.  Il.n,)- 
uiick  Si..Ln- 

call.'.l    P 
ship,    fol 

EARL 'TOWNSHIP. 


fully  tells  us  that  Peter  Bizailion,  jl  Frtnch  IiKliiui 
trader,  whose  grave  is  to  be  seeu  in  St.  John's  l^pis- 
'copal  Churchyard,  at  I'equea,  traveled  it  oltoii  and 
bequeathed  it  his  name.  The  necessities  of  llie  set- 
tlers soon  demanded  others,  and  a  number  were  prti- 
lioned  lor  within  the  next  few  years.  Naturally 
enough  the  mills  were  tlie  objective  points,  and 
nearly  all  the  roads  laid  out  from  1740  to  1775  were 
from  the  few  early  roads  to  certain  mills:  '"to  mill 
and  market"  was  the  usual  reading  of  the  petitions. 

Of  these  mills  quite  a  number  were  in  existence  as 
early  as  1760.  Among  them  were  Rein's  mill,  Henry 
Weaver's  mill,  Greybill's  mill,  Carpenter's  mill,  Peter 
Light's  mill,  and  William  Douglass'  mill.  It  would 
bean  interesting  study  for  local  antiquarians  to  deter- 
mine the  sites  of  these  early  establishments.  For  a 
time  the  mills  nearest  the  early  settlers  were  those  on 
the  Ihandywine,  whither  they  often  went  for  meal. 
It  was  not  an  uncommon  thing  for  a  settler  in  these 
townships  to  load  several  bushels  of  wheat  on  his 
horse,  take  it  to  Downingtown,  and  exchange  it  for 
salt. 

An  artificial  road  from  the  ISlue  Ball  Tavern  to  the 
borough  of  Lancaster  was  approved  by  (ioveinor 
Simon  Snyder  in  ISiO.  The  commis=i(jners  jianied 
in  the  act,  having  certified  that  thirty  and  more  per- 
sons had  subscribed  for  one  hundred  and  twenty-two 
shares  of  the  stock,  the  (iovernor,  by  letters  patent 
bearing  date  of  March  S,  LSI  2,  created  the  subscribers 
into  a  cor[)oration,  called  "The  President,  Jfaiuigers 
and  Company  of  the  New  ll.dland  Turnpike  Road," 
which  title  was,  in  18.06,  changed  to  "The  New  Hol- 
land Turnpike  Road  Company."  Four  miles  of  the 
road  having  been  comideted  in  ISKl,  examiners  were 
appointed  by  the  ( iovciiior,  and  upon  making  a  favor- 
able report,  the  company  was  autliori/.ed  to  erect  gates 
and  collect  toll.  \  second  section  of  live  miles  was 
completed  during  Governor  Hiester's  adniinisiration, 
in  1823,  and  accepted  by  him.  The  road  was  not  com- 
pleted until  1825.  The  first  toll-money  was  received 
in  July,  181G,  and  the  first  dividend  declared  in  183i). 
By  an  act  passed  May,  1821,  the  Governor  was  author- 
ized to  subscribe  for  five  thousand  dollars  of  the  stock 

Assessors'  Lists  and  Taxation.— No  existing  doc- 
uments are  more  interesting  or  throw  more  liglit  on 
the  early  history  of  these  townships  tliaii  the  asses- 
sors'lists.  Unfortunately,  these  go  back  no  furtlur 
than  the  year  175-1,  all  prior  to  that  year  having  been 
destroyed  by  fire..  Nor  is  the  series  com|)lele  from 
that  time  on;  more  than  half  are  missing  until  we 
come  down  to  1814.  Consisting  at  times  of  a  single 
siieet  of  foolscap  paper,  and  at  most  of  a  few  sheets 
loosely  stitched  together,  we  need  not  wonder  they 
were  not  better  preserved,  but  rather  that  any  at  all 
have  survived  the  Hight  of  years. 

In  the  year  1754,  just  twenty-five  years  after  the  town- 
ship organization,  we  i'rnd  the  number  of  taxables  one 
hundred  and  ninety-nine,  and  the  amount  of  tax  levied 


£29  19s.  Orf.,  or  less  than  J150.  The  population  for 
the  same  period  maybe  set  down  at  about  eight  hun- 
dred, the  increase  being,  no  doubt,  largely  attributable 
to  tlie  inilux  of  new  emigrants.  The  names  of  some 
of  the  first  colonists  had  multiplied  considerably,  ajid 
as  a  matter  of  interest  and  curiosity  a  list  of  the  num- 

j  ber  of  the  best  known,  as  fi)und  on  that  list,  is  here 
given:  Graaf,  7  ;  Davis,  7  ;  Carpenter,  5;  Weaver,  5, 
.Alartin,  4;  Dilfenderlfer,  3  ;  Ilildebrand,  3  ;   Bear,  3  ; 

'  Hoover,  3;  Edwards,  3 ;  Konk,  2;  Reif,  2;  JIumma, 
2;  Sheafi'er,  2 ;  Roland,  Smith,  Sliirk,  Kinser,  Diller, 
Kurtz,  Greybill,  Kby,  etc.,  only  one  time  each.  The 
largest  tax  jiaid  by  any  one  man  was  seven  shillings 
and  fourpence,  by  Emanuel  Carpenter,  Esq.,  who  for 

I  a  long  series  of  years  stood   at  the   head  of  the  list. 

I  The  smallest  sum  paid  was  one  shilling.  Jacob  Ro- 
land was  the  collector  for  this  year.     The  tax-list  is 


Tliree  years  later,  in  17 

57,  when  Moses  Irwin  and 

John  Smith  collected  it,  tli 

It  assessment  had  increased 

nine  hundred  [lereeiit.,  an 

ountiiig  to  .£274  2s.  0'/.    In 

1759  the  amount  of  tax  le 

•ied  went  up  to  £290  98.  9c/. 

The  early  names  on   the 

a.x-list   had   increased  still 

more   rapidlv.     There    we 

■e    twelve   Martins,   eleven 

Weavers,   nine  Carpenter 

s,  eight  Groves  or  Grolls, 

seven   Davises,   five  Dilfe 

iderlfers,  five   Bears,  three 

Rolands,  two  Ellmakers, 

wo  Kinzers,  two  Greybils, 

etc. 

The  names  on  the  tax-n 

11  were  divided  into  several 

classes.      First  came  the  lis 

t  headed -Inmates;"  these 

were  married  men  and  lio 

ise-  or  land-holders.     Alter 

these    followed    the    li-l 

it    ■'  Freemen,"    which    in- 

eluded  the  unmarned  port 

on  of  the  male  population. 

When  the  Revolutionary 

var  commenced,  the  assess- 

ment-lists  were  still   lurtl 

er  subdivided   into  such  as 

took    the    oath  of  all,'.;iai 

ee   to  the   St:Ue,  ami   those 

who  refused  to  d.-  s...     A 

till,    period  we  aNo   have 

"  Associators"  and   -  Nor 

-As-oeiator-."       The   latter 

represented  tlie  n..n"-li-lil 

i,g  element,  such  as  t^ua- 

kers,]Mennoniles,elc.,ulii 

e  the  former,  untrammeled 

by  religious  or  other  seru| 

les,  were  willing  and  ready 

to  take  up  anus  when  call 

■d  upon.     In  the  year  1777 

the  list  of  Non-Assoeiat. 

rs   numbered   no  h-  i|,.,n 

three  hundred  and  ihirty- 

eight  names.      If  they  were 

excmi.t  fnmi   doing  miht 

iry  duty  they  wre  not  ah- 

of  their  sorely-pressed  coi 

Military  Record. —Tie 


riy  porn 


colonial 


riiment 


ady 


Ger 


.Mennouitos,  froiii  being  non 
brought  sus])icion 
ally  wore  away.     In  the  Fr 
]7i)2  not  less  than  nine  ecn 
hundred  and  twenty-live  m 
from  the  countv,  ai'id   Earl 


mbatantb 

,  for 

a 

time 

lans,  but 

this 

? 

radu- 

and  Sii: 

nish 

ar  of 

ies,  nuin 

jerin 

■? 

three 

vere  sent 

into 

s 

rvice 

t  her  full 

shai 

e. 

She 

HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


had  previously  contributed  her  quota  of  horses  and 
wagons  to  equip  tlie  unfortunate  expedition  of  Gen. 
Braddock.     As  the  struofgle  with  tlie  parent  country 
gradually  came  on,  nowhere  were  stancher  patriots 
found  than  here.     The  few  loyalists   that  here  and 
there  discovered  themselves  were  too  closely  watched 
to  become  a  source  of  apprehension.     The  Continen- 
tal Congress,  sitting  in  Philadelphia,  in  November, 
1774,  requested  the  freeholders  of   the  province  to  j 
hold  an  election   for  representatives  to  the  General 
Assembly.     At  this  election,  held  December  15tli  of 
the  same  year,  Alexander  Martin,  Emanuel  Carpen- 
ter,  Anthony   EUmaker,  William   Smith,    Zaecheus 
Davis,  George  Rein,  and  John  Hrubaker  were  chosen. 
In  the  following  year  (1775)  thecouiinitteemen  chosen 
were  Gabriel  Davis,  George  Rein,  and  Jonathan  Ro-  [ 
land.     This  Gabriel  Davis  doubtless  came  from  the  ' 
Welsh  colony  at  the  eastern  end  of  the  township  ;  he 
was  an  assessor  in  1730,  and  a  juryman  in  1733  ;  he  [ 
was  evidently  a  man  of  ability  and  influence.     In  ac- 
cordance with  a  recommeiHJatiiin  of  the  CMntinuntai 
Congress,  made  on  May  I'l,  177G,  a  pruvinciril  con- 
ference was  held   in  l'hihi(lel|ihia,  cijiii]iu^lm1  of  duU'- 
gates  from  the  ten   cuuiitii--   into  wliich  the  State  was 
then  divided,  and  it  wa-,  nxilvcd   to  Imld  a  general 
election  for  persons  who  sliuiild  establish  some  form 
of  government.     For  the  piir|ioses  of  this  election,  i 
Lancaster  county  was  divided  into  six  districts;  the 
fourth    division   was  composed   of   Salisbury,  lireck-  I 
nock,  Caernarvon,  Earl,  and  Cocalico  townships,  and  j 
the  poll   to  be  opened  in   New  Holland   on  July  (J, 
17^G.    James  McCamant,  Gabriel  Davis,  and  .Alidiael  \ 
Wliitman  were  elected. 

The  muster-rolls  of  the  nine  regiments  and  battal- 
ions furnished  by  this  county  for  the  lievolutionary  ' 
war  show  how  largely  Earl  township  participated  in 
the  struggle  for  independence.  By  a  resolution  of 
Congress,  jiassed  May  25,  1770,  an  exclusively  Ger-  ' 
man  regimeiit  was  authorized  to  be  raised  in  Penn- 
sylvania and  Maryland, — four  companies  from  each 
S"tate.  The  former's  .piota  was  tilled  by  July  IJlli, 
and  an  additional  c(jmpany  boides.  The  l^lails  were 
represented  in  its  ranks.  It  was  of  this  regiment 
that  David  Dillenderler  was  stan.lard-bearer.' 


The  people  of  Earl  were  true  to  the  principles  that 
carried  them  over  the  sea,  and  resisted  oppression  in 
their  new  honies  with  the  steady  heroism  they  had 
manifested  in  the  old.  When  the  tocsin  of  war  again 
filled  the  land  with  its  loud  alarm  in  1812,  they 
grasped  their  muskets  and  marched  among  Ihe  fore- 
most to  meet  the  threatened  danger.  And  when  in 
184G,  our  country,  for  the  first  time  in  her  history, 
carried  ou  an  aggressive  war  in  a  foreign  land,  the 
Earls  sent  both  men  and  officers  to  repjesent  them  on 
the  field  of  combat :  the  names  of  Roland  and  Luther^ 
are  familiar  as  household  words,  and  together  with 
those  of  the  older  heroes  who  preceded  them  and 
those  who  came  after,  will  remain  green  in  the  hearts 
of  a  grateful   posterity.     And   when    in    later    years 


mpoi 

Mmm 

or  lon^. 

.Km 

itiun. 

T  belie 

ve  l,e 

was  tlio  la 

St  or  tl,t 

Rev 

uiiiir 

l,er 

fB  in  11 

e  C( 

inty  ill 

thotir 

leof 

his  JeHth, 

n  1847, 

tn,l 

ll  wa 

»i,l 

ly  knu> 

vn. 

lirev 

M.i 

John  I 

n. 

un.l,  so 

,  of  tl 

elat 

Henry  Rolmni,  E» 

].,  w 

St  Pu 

.   11 

liis  c 
n  31 

II. .Han 

III.,  a- 

1,  in 

..r 
.f  J 

1818. 

<    S.-COll 

,ly  l»t, 

He   e 

,  .ITlrt 

1  lien 
nk   k. 

f; 

the    Mi.liC 
un  Jul)  .% 

.ry  acu. 

tuti 

eilt.   Uulan.l  iicc 


s  Clin 

li.     lie 

to..k  |....i  II,  111 

,,„, .at                ^ 

;S 

1  I'aljna 
l.iittle,, 

,nl-f..u_-!.l  !,.  1  1 

,';;;:.:::;; 

■■  "''■(: 

of  Ver 

L'lU/.aii.l  there 

reiel 

ins  his  eap- 

raise  h 

.company.     Ila 

iiiB  d 

lie  80,  he  re- 

of  wai 

ned  Gen.  Scott's 

army 

n  the  city  of 

arhis 

leRimel 

t  w.isaent  to  gn 

ri.^.n 

he  Southern 

maequ 

elite  of  B 

nlicipated  India 

ihOMi 

lilies  he  was                1 

1.     In 

IS.W  lio 

was  placed  in-: 

oiunm 

lid  of  Castle 

die.l  S 

■l.t.  -.'S, 

K.i2,  m  the  early 

UReo 

f  thirty-five. 

ollice 

r  of  dis 

iimni.slied  morit 

ills 

prores.,ioiiKl 

■ve<lly 

l.iKli,  a 

d  in  his  death 

he  CO 

untry  lost  u 

iimoted  to  11  caplaiiiey  in  1817. 

.  Luther  accompanied  his  reKimenl  to  Florida,  and  partlcijiaK 


■  the  Statu  was  uiiuhio  tod 


10,  11X3 

On  A 

nil 

10,1 

78 

n  s o 

interes 

dne 

hin 

Ui.l.   No 

leoffhi 

HSCI 

rtiti 

at 

iile  WHS 

iniihlot 

J  dis 

lull 

RO 

la.snial 

piece  o 

Ian 

lor 

he  arte 

wards s 

Id  for  u 

ut  solici 

ation   0 

1  hi 

pa 

t. 

th  company  of  f. 

ut  il 

the 

Fi 

."    The 

war  hei„B 

ver 

m 

EARL   TOWNSHIP 


809 


that  greatest  curse  of  nations,  civil  war,  swept  over 

vain.     It  wa. 

Mily  When  I 

he  wheat 

was  cut  in  an  ad- 

the  land,  scores  of  brave  men  left  their  homes  and 

joining  field 

hut     ll.T     dL- 

111   liody 

was   found.     Fear 

firesides  in  our  midst,  and  signalized  their  devotion 

and  fright   ha 

1   done   the 

r  work,  a 

id  the  child's  life 

to  the  Re|)iiblic  in  the  tented  field,  ready  alike  to  die 

had  befn  sacr 

ficed  to  the 

minted 

nfluunce. 

in  the  arms  of  victory  or  in  the  hour  of  disaster. 

It  is  not  t-ei 

ei-ally  ki.o., 

n  tliat   |. 

i.ir  to  the  present 

At  their  first  settlement  these  townships  were  al- 

century justic 

s of  the  pea 

cr  occasii 

iially  issued  .locu- 

most  entirely  covered  with   heavily-wooded  forests  ; 

inents  of  the  n 

ature  of  pas 

^p(l^ts  (ir 

letters  of  security. 

here  and  there  grassy  meads  were  to  be  found;  the 

A  paper  of  th 

s  kind  is  ,,t 

11  e.xlant 

it  was   issued  by 

Indians  generally  selected  these  spots  for  their  dwell- 

Frederick Seeger,  a  man 

VI. own  t. 

many  still   living 

ing  places.     And  here  we  may  add,  that  the  red  men 

as  one  of  the 

nost  eiiterp 

rl^in-   an 

1  prominent  men 

were  never  numerous  hereabouts;  scarcely  more  than 

of  his  time  in 

these  towns 

hips.      .V 

part  of  the  paper 

half  a  dozen  families  were  ever  to  be  found  at  one 

is  here  given  : 

place ;    they   had   no   villages   of  any    importance.' 

"Cuinmimwealtl 

of  Penna.-l,, 

ncasier  Oo. 

Fredk.  Seeger  Ksq.  one 

There  was  little  underbrush,  in  consequence  of  the 

uf  IheJiHtieesor 

he  Peace  in  am 

lor  the  8.li. 

county  certifyeth    that 

Indian  custom  of  annually  burning  the  scrubby  un- 

tlie Bearer  hereof 

.lohii  Stein,   ot 

lenvise  called  .Stone,  of  Brecknock 
unian,  is  the  ehlest  son  of  Leonard 

derwood  ;  it  was  not  a  difficult  matter  to  drive  a  cart 

„'       *    1  ,. 

1  -il  St  im-   lato 

orK.irlTow 

ship  ill  the  said  county, 

for  long  distances  through  the  woods  in  all  directions. 

yeoman,  deceased. 

r.id  one  of  the 

l.l-vful    hei 

S  of  the  deceased.     The 

It  has  not  been  ascertained  that  Indian  depreda- 

said   John   intends 

to    tiMVel    int. 

.N.uthunib 

erland    county 

tions  were  ever  committed  in  these  townships.     The 

All  persons  are  the 

•efoie  requeste. 
.molested.  .  . 

10  sniTer  th 

;  said  John  Stein  to  pass 
tiinuiiy   wliereof  I   liavo 

hostilities  that  everywhere  prevailed  along  the  fron- 

hereunto set  my  h« 

nd  and  seal  thi 

lOtbd.y  ol 

.Miiy,  Anno  Ilom.  ISOU. 

tier  and  in  the  adjacent  counties,  in  17U3,  resulted  in 

•■Fl.KUK.  Sf.eokii. 

a  tragedy  near  by  New  Holland  that  was  long  re- 

■•To whom  i 
"N.  C.-Sh"Uhl 

my  person  doul 

t  the    fore-,'. 

l,g  eerliflcate,  Ibereare 

membered  by  the  citizens.     In   Berks  County  scores 

people  in  that  cou 

ilywho  know 

11.-    well,  .111 

my   lian.lwriling-anJ 

of  men,  women,  and  children   fell  victims  to  Indian 

Mr.  Stein  cau  mal 

l.aio.l  th.it 

he  .lid   see  me  sign  the 

cruelty;  a  general  alarm  and  uneasiness  prevailed  in 

above  corlifieate. 

11  , 

tliese  parts,  and  when  one  day  in  early  summer  the 

rumor  reached  the  vicinity  of  the  town  that  a  band 

alltobiograplli,-lll   sketch 

:  Mr.  Seeger  lef 

amoni'  bis  pa 

..-Is,  a  brief 

of  merciless,   murdering  savages  were  at   hand,  the 

„f  himself.  who,e  very  rraiiknesj 

tiiiips    it  Mi 

h    the   seal   of  tiulb,      I' 

fanners  and  their  families  sought  safety  and  shelter 

affords  iinolber  in 

tance  of  whi.i 

sly,  fi.l 

lity,  and  energy  can  uc- 

in  the  fields  and  woods.     On   the  farm  immediately 

complish  when  ins 

lired  by  bi?b  | 

,„|n,ses.      .1, 

st  such  men  have  made 

north  of  the  town,  now  owned  by  Mr.  Blank,  lived  a 

this  country  what 
Rood.     I  make  no 

t  is,  andtlieir 
polo-y,  ibeiefo 

e  'i'lr'iiisel" 

st  have  ail  indiieuce  for 

farmer  named    lloinnan ;  at   the   alarm    he  and   liis 

is  in  German,  of  vs 

lich  the  follow 

igl,  atrau. 

atiou; 

family  sought  safety  in  flight,  the  several  members  of 

"Plill.r 

F.l.PUl.,,  .Miril  4,  17S0. 

it  scattering  in  every   direction.     Tlie  panic  proved 

t  of  my  life  an 

1  parentage 

also  a  copy  of  my  bap- 

groundless,  but  when  it  was  over  a  daughter  named 
Rachel,  about  eight  years  old,  was  missing;  search 

tisnialcerliticaleiiubei-veutthul 
of  the  Most  Holy  Trinity  :-Ii,  lb. 
dinand  tVederick  See...r  w.i,  bun 

Ishonblbe 
piesenceof 
of  ebristial 

ost.    Copy-In  tlie  iinmo 
witliesses-Williani  Fer- 
parenlsiuDiedelsheini, 

was  instituted,  but  all  the  efforts  to  find   her  were  in 

Palatinate,  ,Iuny. 

0,  IT.ilJ.     Tl... 

arents  were 

Rev.  George  Frederick 

\,,^,,,,X„^,,^^ .,_, „,«_„,,„„,_ 

Seeger,  pastor  of  t 

le  evangelieal 

Luther.in  0 

urch  in  Diedelsheim,  & 

Catharine  Klederii 

a  Nota  Weisen, 

laughter  of 

lev.  M.  Gottlieb  Weisoii, 

pastor  of  the  Lull 

■ran  ebirreb  of  Colshauseu 

iu  the  Palatinate.    The 

Piquaiviiuii.l  r,.rH.it>.g„eB,i,ii.ai|.all.v  tlif  fuiiiior,  « l,u..,j  cliiet  pliic^  ur 

n.ii,  Kinst  Kre. 

k,  Laris.  :;, 

liaron  Pliilip  Fredk.  Von 

residence,  Im.w.-vlt,  if  the  term  ii  u.lmisaible,  w,is  in  ti.e  IVqiica  Vulley 

Sboiifeld,  1,  Miss 

a  Von   Sistc 

r,  4,  Mrs.  Erustina  Von 

and  ou  Die  Pequea  C'reell,  tu  bulli  nf  wliioti  they  l.ave  approiiriutely  left 

Kechler,.-..  Mr-   M 

,11,  Kisl.Irr  V 

Rev.  Cliiistopber  Charles 

their  name.     They  were  uf  the  Al-^inquiii  tribe,  hnt  paid  tribute  tu  tiio 

1    Fuber,  7,  Jli-   .s-.p 

i:,  Kell.i.S,  Jl 

3   Kred.t-.ol 

lieb  Weis.   This  is  taken 

Slv  Natl. 11, Mind  M-em  In  have  been  in  the  beainnlns  iinM.ni;  lliu  best 

1  wiilingof  Rev. , 

,lls|.nse.l  „.,d  i.i>i=t  tiacMble  of  all  the  natives  with  whom  the  whites 

1   s'ubscribe.nvi't'l,  '„ 

y"lwn'b!md"a 

d"'-„i'h,m"i 

l,y    my    o-nal  seal,  llol- 

ct.  They  we 
icni  from  tliei 
No  serious  t 


la'ga 


Ihey 


others  slowly  wended  their  way  into  ( 
destinies  with  the  tribes  in  tliose  State 
the  lust  of  tlio  red  nieu  hud  left 'this  fiii 
Addi-esa  of  Hstlmond  Coui/ngham.     Watso, 


th.-y  began  to  disappear  gradually, 

d  united  themselves  wilh  the  Six  Nut 
iiy  into  Ohio  und  Indiana,  joining 
Shortly  after  the  Itev.di 


"After  my  father  found  me  ,,iialilied  to  renevv  my  bap'isimil  n.venaut 
by  a  public  profe»sionnf  my  faith,  I  wascoulirnied  in  the  tbirleenthyeal 
of  rny  age, and  received  hir  the  fir»t  time  the  Lord's  Supper.  Soon  alter 
I  expressed  my  wi.h  to  learn  the  mercantile  profession,  to  which  my 
fatlicr  gave  his  consent.  1  then  served  a  four  years'  apprenticeship  iu 
tlie  city  of  Stuttgart  with  Jlr.  llariiliard  Frederick  Bebringer.  After 
this  I  went  to  Heidelberg,  where  1  was  in  the  employ  of  John  W.Uodel- 


810 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


■  Education  and  Early  Schools.— A  large  majority  f,'r(iuriil  is  still  Ik'I(1  lor  srhoDJ  p 

of  the  sfttU-ra  of  tliese  towiialiipd  were  men  of  little  cliiin'h,  at   /.elteriniih's,  i-,  al- 

ediieatioii  :iiul  eiiltiire.     Tliey  were  sons  (jf  toil,  ami  iisud  as  a  si-ii.iol-li(Hi-r  ;   the  d 

in  the  absence  (if  |)ro|)er  aJvantages  sehloin  rci-r  inln  |   was   pr^lialily  even   of  an  earii 


Tlie  first  log 
to  liave  been 
eitain,  Imt  it 
m  the  one  at 


wordly  ilistinrtion.    Their  daily  struggle  for  exi^ten.'c'     i.a 
left  them  little  time  for  mental  training.    Onr  wonder  |  in 


Hill.    A  school. honse  was  hnilt  in  Weaverhmd 
L'.     'Ihere  was  also  one  bnilt  in   H  inkletown, 


near  the  former  residence  of  Ur.  Isaac  Winters,  shortly 
after  the  close  of  the  war  of  Inde)iendenee ;  it  was  a 
stone  structure,  and  stood  until  about  twenty-three 
years  ago. 

The  school  law  passed  in  \S:U,  and  in  183S  the 
.as  then  known  (em- 
Kast    Karl),  accepted 


is  that,  with  so  many  drawbacks,  they  acoomplished 
so  much.  Their  views  were  often  narrow  and  con- 
tracted, and  innovations  of  most  kinds  were  steadily 
opposed,  or  else  but  tardily  adopted.  P2ven  the  Eng- 
lish language,  which,  from  the  beginning,  was  that  in 

wliich  all  the  business  of  the  colony  and  courts  was  '  townsliip  of  East  Ivirl. 
transacted,  found  no  favor  with  them,  or  even  with  '  bracing  what  is  now  K 
their  descendants,  until  a  period  within  the  memory  j  the  provisions  and  organized  its  territory  into  twenty 
of  men  still  living.  The  Lutheran  and  German  Re-  i  school  districts.  The  ne.xt  year,  1837,  as  by  rejiort 
formed  Churches  for  many  years  successfully,  but  un-  t  of  the  secretary  of  the  commonwealth,  there  were 
wisely,  resisted  the  introduction  of  English  in  their  !  twenty  school-houses  and  eight  hundred  and  forty- 
church  services.  In  the  parish  schools,  that  were  so  '  five  pupils.  There  were  eight  hundred  and  tliirty- 
frecjuently  connected  with  the  (  hurche.s,  only  German  three  taxables,  upon  whom  was  levied  a  Uis.  of  sITjOO. 
was  taught;  still  the  Kavcn  was  at  work,  and  pro-  There  was  received  from  the  State  apiiro|iriation 
duced  good  results  in  after-years.  .■^l;|'j.'l.33.     In  ls:il  what  is  now  East   Ivirl  was  taken 

Fortunately,  the  colonists  were  still  fdlcd  with  the  from  Earl,  and  the  territory  of  the  town-hip  was  re- 
same  deeply  religious  views  and  feelings  that  cancel  districted  and  made  into  fourteen  districts,  which 
them  so  many  troubles  in  Enrope,  and  when  tiny  contain  seven  hundred  and  sixty-four  [Uipils.  ■  The 
could  indulge  these  views  unquestioned  here  they  gave      lax  levied  ibr  school  purposes  was  §3300. 


outward  expression  to  theju  in  the  organization 
congregatiiuis,  and  in  the  building  of  churclios  ai 
school-houses.  Not  all  were  ignorant  and  unlettere 
Their  pastors  were  men  educated  in  the  ninversiti 
of  Germany  and  Il.dland,  and  wisely  turned  ll 
minds  of  their  pari:,hioners  in  the  dirccli.m  of  a  mo 
generous  culture.  The  result  was  the  erection  at  ; 
early  period  of  luimcroiis  -cliool-hoiiscs,  wlieie  |mljl 
instruction  was  alfnrilcd  at  cetliiin  si'asons  of  tl 
year.  Of  some  of  these  -cl,o:.U  all  traces  have  hci 
lost,  but  others  more  fortunate  have  >cnt  their  lii: 
down  to  us  through  all  the  vani-hed  ycar>.  A  hu' 
log  scliool-ljouse  is  known  to  have  stood  at  Laur 
Hill  as  early  as  1765,  how  much  earlier  is  iincertaii 
it  served  as  the  si-hool-mastcr's  residence  al>o.     Th 


muu  for  two  yeiira.    From  thence  I  went 

ebruteil  home  of  Juliii  George  Gonl/.iiigc 

"111  oidfi-to  le;irii  uiure  ol  tlie  world 


In  1SS2  there  were  seventeen  districts,  which  con- 
tained eight  hundred  ami  thirty-four  pupils,  yS95(i.!)i; 
was  received  from  all  sources  for  school  |nirposes,  and 
S7r)85.72  were  expended. 

Public  Men.— While  we  do  not  find  that  any  citi- 
zens of  these  townships  became  very  prominent  in 
the  councils  of  the  province  at  an  early  day,  in  after- 
yi-ars  their  descendants  were  among  the  best  and  most 
honored  in  the  State.  Propriety  forbids  that  we 
should  nanii"  aiiv  in  private  life,  still  living,  but  there 


the  1 

niblicmenof 
..     Thomas  K 

hv. 

■d-,  was  one  of  the  eight  justices 

of    t 

ic    peace   app. 

int. 

d  when  the  county  was  organ 

iz.'d 

he  wa.  a  nie 

j|li. 

r  ..f  the  Colonial  Assemblv  in 

172: 

•31),  '31,  '32, 

•3(;,  and'3'J.     It  is  said  of  hit, 

that 

after  his  app. 

int 

lent  as  justice  of  the  comity 

he    ^ 

■as    accustoniL 

d    t 

)   leave    his  Iiome  at    the   line 

Minerva,' dipt.  .\rii,.IJ.  an.l  la 

idivlii,  I'liihulelphia,,,,  .s 

hmltocuutclitmysilfwilhtlie 

■ir>lilnHlalu:es  in  uliiili  1  1 

villi  tlie  na.vs  of  the  connlry,»l 

.•h,  ilia  true,  wro  not  V,. 

wnsuiulrrtliouecesail.vof  Inri 

ig  myoidf  1..  Ik-iijamii,  D. 

eejier,  for  three  yenrsaiid  nine 

iioiitlis.     Jlyxitnatioii  wa 

.r  iny  cnildoyiiiellt  did  nut  con 

eapoiid  with  tliat  t.i  wliic 

CCIIStirllKMl    fn y    .VcJIllh    III    I 

ly  fatherhind.     In  iho  co 

loiuhs  my  hiud  nerviri'  end(;d,  f 

■  rwilh  the  aidof  B..odfr 

ni-!iiis  in  a  hecomiiij;  way  to  le 

ave  Davids  r.,r  the  einld. 

in  I  spring  north  of  New  Holland,  known 
'"'  i  Spring,"  walk  barefoot  to  Lancaster,  ai 
"I  ;  as  a  member  pf  the  .lustiee.s'  Court  u 
„i,  !  was  over.  He  is  Imrii'd  in  tiic  old  Wcl 
->■  i  in  Ea.st  Earl,  /acchcis  Ii,,vis  was  ,-o 
'"'      sioner  in    Um].      N.ul.aniel    I'.llmakcr  v 


17'J<). 
d  the 


hii  W.  Ki 


torney  of  Dauphin  County,  and   likewi 


EARL  TOWNSHIP 


811 


representatives  in  tlie  State  Legislature  for  three 
terms;  lie  was  also  elected  to  Coii^ress  i'roin  that 
county  ill  1814,  hut  declined  to  take  his  seat,  having 
been  appointed  presiding  judge  of  Dauphin,  Lebanon, 
and  Schuylkill  Counties,  and  attorney-general  of  the 
State  from  18IG  to  1S19,  and  again  attorney  in  1828. 
In  1S32  he  was  the  Anti->rasonic  candidate  for  the 
Vice-Presidency,  and  a  formidable  competitor  of 
James  Buchanan  for  the  United  States  Senatorsliip 
in  18li4.  Gen.  Henry  Hambrigbt  was  an  oflicer  in  the 
war  of  Independence  and  a  member  of  the  State  Leg- 
islature in  the  years  181::!,  '14,  'IG,  '17.  Henry  Shirk 
was  county  commissioner  in  1810  and  in  1S19.  Henry 
Roland  lilled  the  same  position  in  1821.  Dr.  John 
LutliiT  was  director  of  the  poor  for  three  years. 
George  Duchman  was  county  recorder  for  three  years. 
Adam  Bare  was  sheriff  in  1S30,  and  became  county 
commissioner  in  1834.  William  Hiester  was  the  Anti- 
Masonic  candidate  for  Congress  in  1828  against  James 
lUichanan,  hut  was  defeated  ;  in  1830  he  was  success- 
ful and  vvoii  the  prize;  he  was  twice  re-elected,  and 
served  from  1831  until  1837;  he  was  also  u  memlur 
of  the  convention  that  revised  the  State  Constitution 
in  183(J;  lie  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  ISlo, 
and  was  Speaker  of  that  body  in  1842  ;  he  was  presi- 
dent of  the  great  Whig  meeting  held  at  Lancaster  in 
July,  1843,  which  proclaimed  Henry  Clay  Pennsyl- 
vania's choice  for  the  Presidency  in  1844.  Anthony 
E.  Roberts  was  elected  sheriff  of  the  county  in  183',); 
he  was  a  candidate  for  Congress  in  1843,  but  was  de- 
feated ;  in  184!)  he  was  appointed  United  Slates  m.ir- 
shal  for  the  Eastern  District  of  Penn^vlvaiiia,  liy 
President  Taylor,  and  held  the  position  unlil  ISV;; 
in  18r)4  he  was  nominated  and  elected  to  Cun-ii-s, 
which  honor  was  a  second  time  conferred  on  liiui  at 
the  expiration  of  liis  first  term.  William  Durhiuau 
was  recorder  in  1845.  [saar  E.  Hiester  was  appointed 
district  attorney  of  the  county  in  184S;  in  isr,2  he 
was  electe.l  to  Congress,  and  was  again  a  candidate 
in  ISr.l,  hut  was  ,lefeated.  John  K,  Reed  was  pro- 
thoiiotary  in  l>t".l.  Solomon  DiUer  was  in  183(1,  '.■!7, 
'38,  and  ':!:»,  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature.  Jona- 
than Roland  was  sent  to  the  Legislature  from  this 
county  in  1  Soli.  David  .Shultz  was  mercantile  ap- 
praiser of  the  county  in  1.S47,  and  was  twice  reap- 
pointed; he  became  county  treasurer  in  1851.  \V. 
D.  Stauffcr  was  made  prolhonotary  in  ISli',),  the  young- 
est incumbent  that  office  ever  had.  Abraham  Selley 
was  elected  clerk  of  the  Orphans'  Court  in  1872. 

Churches  and  Mills.— Earl  township  has  ten 
churches, — two  at  Vogansville,  one  a  Union  and  (he 
other  I'^vimgelical;  one  at  Hinkletown,  a  Union;  two 
Mennonite,  one  at  Stauller's  and  the  other  at  Fair- 
view,  near  .Martin's  store  ;  four  at  New  Holland,  one 
Lullieran,  one  Ketormed,  one  .Methodist  Episcopal, 
and  one  United  P.rethren  ;  one  at  Seldomridges,  or 
ch's,  a  Union. 


ner's,    and    now    Martin's;    Sensenig's,    now    Bear's; 

man's;  all  these  are  on  the  Conestoga  and  have  saw- 
mils  attaehed.  There  is  also  a  clover-mill  on  this 
'stream  known  as  Sensenig's  clover-mill.  On  Mill 
Creek  there  are  two, — Bruhaker's,  formerly  Horst's, 
and  the  other,  once  Rein's,  Roland's,  Swope'.s,  Neff's, 
and  now  Hoober's;  these  have  als,,  saw-mills  belong- 
ing to  them.  The  sixth  ;iii>l  last  is  Martin's,  located 
on  the  fine  stream  known  a-  Martin's  Spring.  There 
(  was  in  addition  to  these  a  small  chopping-niill  near 
■  the  head  of  Mill  Creek  known  as  Hildebrand's.  This 
property  wa>   lately  sold   and   the  mill   building  torn 

Zeltenreich  Church.'— After  the  removal  of  the 

I  of  worship  on  the  ol.l  site  until   IS41.     In  the  year 
I  1839  the  Rev.   Daniel    Hertz  commenced   preaching 
I  tinder  a  large  tree  near  where  the  present  Zeltenreich 
!  Church   edifice  stands.     The  encouragement  he  re- 
ceived brought  the  desire  for  a  new  congregation  and 
a  house  of  worship.     A  church  was  soon  after  built 
at  a  eost  of  rifteen  hundred  dollars.      A   stone   placed 

'  liuilding   lor    the    public  worship   of  God    by  every 
CMiristian  denomination  was  erected  A.D.  1841."     The 
house   was  consecrated   on   the  23d  of  April,   1842. 
j  The  Rev.  Daniel  Hertz  became  the  pastor,  and  eon- 
I  tiiuied  till  18G7.     The  Kev.  1).  W.  Gerhard  succeeded 
I  him,  and  is  still  th.'  pa-tor.     The  church  has  a  mem- 
bership of  about  ninety.     In  1870  the  church  build- 


1  repair 


d  improved.  (Jther  denominations 
old  service  in  the  chureh  iVom  time  to  time. 
Justices  of  the  Peace.— The  justices  of  the  peace 
ho  held  jurisdiction  over  this  townsjiip  from  1777  to 
s  to  will  he  found  in  theeivil  list  of  the  county.  The 
ames  of  the  justices  who  serveil  from  1840  to  the 
resent  time  are  here  given.  By  the  constitution  of 
s:;;i  the  t.nvn-hip  became  a  separate  district: 


i.a  111 


a  G.  GiufT,  Jliiy  6, 1805. 
in.l  Dillci-.  Sliiy,  ISOti. 
lul  Hull,  Mny.lSGS. 
KO  H.  UaiK^I;,  Muy,  1871. 
url  Hull,  Muy,  1S7J. 
jii  W.  Sn,i.l-r,  Slay,  1870. 
1    Miill.  Muy,  lb78. 
.<  hill-i,  Muy,  ISSl. 


are  Xcw  H.dland,  Vo- 
New    Holland    is    the 


New  Holland. 


with  al- 
inted    to 


Ze 

It   also   has   six    mills, — oi 
(perhaps)  Hinkle's,  then  Bu 


inklctown, 
Werntz's,  i 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY, 


located  here  in  1728).     In  the  same  year  an  attempt     dwelling, 
was  made  to  lay  out  the  town  of  New  Holland  regu- 


'larly.  Twenty-five  lots  were  surveyed  oil'  this  tract, 
eacli  one  with  a  front  of  five  and  a  depth  of  twenty- 
one  perches,  subject  to  an  annual  ground-rent  of- 
seven  shillings.  Doubtless  those  who  had  already 
built  houses  along  the  .sinuous  streets  were  unwilling 
to  conform  to  the  new  demand  for  order  and  regular- 
ity, and,  in  the  absence  of  compulsory  authority, 
building  progressed  as  before.  For  many  years  after 
its  .settlement  it  bore  the  name  of  Earltown.  When 
this  name  was  lost  and  that  of  New  Design  acquired 
is  uncertain  ;  it  bears  this  latter  appellation  in  deeds 
and  other  papers  down  to  1703,  or  perhaps  later,  but 
at  the  time  of  the  Revolution  it  was  called  New  Hol- 
land. Its  first  name,  Earltown,  was  derived  from  its 
having  been  the  first  as  well  as  most  important  town 
in  Earl.'  Its  .second  name,  New  Design,  was  perhaps 
conferred  uiion  it  when  it  was  surveyed  and  laid  out 
in  17C0.  This  name  does  iiot  seem  to  have  rnet  with 
much  favor,  as  it  was  soon  lost  and  its  jiresent  one 
given.  Nothing  is  definitely  known  whence  came 
the  name  of  New  Holland. 

Its  location  is  on  the  New  Ilnlland  turn  pike,  thir- 
teen miles  in  a  northeast  direction  Iroiii  Lancaster. 
It  lies  continuously  on  both  sides  of  this  road  lor 
more  than  a  mile;  several  attempts  have  been  made 
to  open  other  streets  at  right  angles  with  the  tuni- 
])ike  in  the  hope  that  the  town  would  grow  in  (jtlier 
directions  than  length,  but  thus  far  these  elforts  have 
not  met  with  any  extraordinary  degree  of  success. 
It  is  built  on  a  slightly  elevated  liiiie--lone  ridge, 
from  whence  the  ground  slopes  nortlnvard  Inwards 
the  Conestoga,  and  southward  tuuanN  Mill  I'lcek'. 

As  has  already  been  said,  the  first  setlli  r  huili  bis 
cabin  not  on  the  present  site  <>(  the  tnwn  1ml  in  the 
immediate  vicinity.  Who  erected  the  fir^t  lunise  in 
the  town  proper  and  where  it  stood  are  questions 
that  will  perhaps  never  be  positively  determined  ;  no 
known  written  record  exists  bearing  on  those  facts. 
It  is  known,  however,  that  the  first  well  dug  in  the 
place  is  the  one  on  the  turnpike  opjiosite  the  resi- 
dence of  William  L.  liarstlcr;  it  is  aUo  known  that 
it  was  dug  by  Amich  Snyder,  wIhj  in  cnuipany  willi 
two  neighbors  had  built  their  hi;^  huts  in  th.-U  vi- 
cinity. They  had  no  permanent  water  supply,  liow- 
ever,  and  to  remedy  this  deficiency  agreed  to  dig  a 
well;  lots  were  drawn  to  decide  upon  whicii  one  of 
them  the  task  should  fall ;  the  fates  pointed  out  Sny- 
der as  the  one  appointed  to  do  the  work,  and  he  did 
it.  It  is  reasonable  to  suppose  the  site  for  the  well 
was  not  far  removed  from  their  dwellings,  and  as  it 
is  a  well-authenticated  fact  that  a  house  formerly 
stood  on   the  spot   now  occupied    bv   i\fr.   Harstler's 


tself  a  very  old  building, — we  cannot  go 
far  astray  in  nnirking  that  as  the  spot  whereon  stood 
one  of  the  first  three  houses,  built  about  the  same 
time,  hf  the  present  town  of  New  Holland.  The 
second  well  in  this  place  was  dug  by  a  Mr.  Brant  at 
the  lower  end  of  the  town.  Before  these  wells  were 
dug  the  few  settlers  living  in  the  town  were  obliged 
to  do  their  washing,  butchering,  etc.,  at  the  spring 
now  owned  by  Mrs.  Buch  at  the  eastern  end  of  the 
town,  and  bring  their  daily  supply  of  water  for  do- 
mestic purposes  from  thence. 

The  New  Holi-.-vnd  School-House. — In  the 
school-history  of  townships  tliere  is  nothing  more 
laudable  than  the  enlightened  and  praiseworthy 
movement  organized  in  New  Holland  in  1786  to 
permanently  establish  an  English  and  German  free 
scho<d.  Fortunately,  the  record-book  is  still  in  ex- 
istence^  and  is  circumstantially  minute  concerning 
the  early  beginnings  of  the  enterprise.  It  is  in  itself 
a  history,  and  as  all  the  other  scho(jls  were  doubtless 
built  by  the  same  means  and  in  the  same  way,  a  brief 
account  will  not  be  uninteresting.  The  movement 
originated  with  the  Rev.  Mr.  .\Iel/.heimer  and  a  few 
more  public-spirited  citizens.  Twosubscription-iiapers 
were  prepared,  one  in  German  and  the  other  in  Eng- 
lish, and  circulated.  The  names  on  those  papers  show 
that  tliere  were  aliout  one  hundred  and  thirty-three 
oriL'inal  sul)sciil»i -.  besides  others  who  afterwards 
coiitriliiiti'il.  There  is  hardly  a  name  known  among 
IIS  lieie  this  day  that  is  not  found  on  that  roll  of 
honor.  The  niunuy  raised  by  direct  subscriptions 
amounted  to  £1(11)  10s.  'J'/.  But  this  is  not  all  :  there 
are  other  lists,  where  such  as  were  unable  to  contrib- 
ute money  gave  either  building  materials  or  else  their 
personal  services.  Lime,  lo;^,,  sand,  stones,  laths, 
boards,  and  r.iflers  were  among  the -articles  given. 
The  names  of  men  who  at  sundry  times  worked  at 
digging  out  the  cellar  are  gratefully  recorded,  and  we 
are  told  that,  as  tliB  citizens  gave  these  volunteer 
workmen  their  board,  "the  cellar  was  completed 
without  little  or  no  charge," 

After  the  building  was  erected  certain  carpenters 
gave  one  or  more  days'  work  gratis  to  nmke  desks  and 
benches.  "  Jlessrs.  Steeinan,  Albright,  and  Laun, 
of  the  borough  of  Lancaster,  were  so  kind  and  oblig- 
ing as  to  print,  free  of  charge,  about  eighty  hymns, 
to  be  distributed  among  the  people,  and  to  be  sung 
by  the  school  youth  in  vocal  musical  order."  Sixteen 
enlightened  rules  were  prepared  for  its  government. 
This  school-hcnise  was  formally  dedicated  on  the  2Gth 
of  December,  1787.  On  the  morning  of  that  day 
"  the  scholars,  sin^rers,  ministers,  trustees,  elders,  and 


tron.iitlj  to  the 


iilij  ,1 


church  wardens  of  the    Luthei 

in  and    Gern 

formed  Churches,  and  the  mend 

ers  of  those  cl 

ami   a  niunber  of  persons--i;n 

lish  and  (iei- 

other  religious  societies  asM-iuh 

ed  at  the  par^ 

and  from  thence  marched  in  an 

orderly  procc 

the  school  building.     There  w: 

s  vocal  inusiL 

propriate  prayer,  a  suitable  oi 

ation,  and   tl 

Re 


EARL  TOWNSHIP. 


8ia 


elegant,  argumentative,  and  eloquent  discourse  was  | 
preached."    Upwards  of  seven  liundred  persons  were  '■ 
present.     A  debt  remained  when   tlie   building  was  , 
done,  and  again  did  the;^e  true  men  put  their  shoul-  ! 
ders  to  the  wheel  to  make  it  up.     Thus  was  this  log  ! 
school-house,  thirty-five  by  forty  feet  and  two  stories  \ 
high,  built.     Around   that  country  college,  with   its 
single  professor,  how  many  pleasant  memories  clus- 
ter! '     Another  jiublic-spirited  movement,  and  one  of 
a  more  recent  date,  may  be  noticed  in  this  connec- 
tion.   It  is  the  large  clock  which  the  enlightened  lib- 
erality of  the  people  has  placed  in  tlje  tower  of  the 
recently-built  school-house  in  New  Holland. 

Early  Church  Organizations.— At  this  distant  , 
day,  and  in  the  absence  of  authentic  historical  rec-  i 
ords,  it  is  difficult  to  determine  where  and  when  the 
earliest  church  congregation   was  organized,  or  the  ! 
first    house    for    public    worship    built    within    these 
townships.     It  is  unlikely  that  the  colony  planted  in 
West  Earl  by  Hans  Graaf  should  have  been  lung 
without  some   regular    church    organization.      The  t 
same  may  be  said  of  the  settlement  in   Weaverland,  i 
in  East  Earl.     The  well-known  character  of  these  ! 
people  and  all  their  traditions  forbid  such  a  suppo- 
sition.    Still,   we   have   no   record  to  bear  out  this 
oi)inion,  and  in  the  absence  of  such  we  can  only  say 
if  not  the  first,  then  among  the  first  was  the  Lutheran 
congregation  in  New  Holland.     The  register  of  this 
church  goes  back  as  far  as  May  1,  1730,  which,  it  will 
be  .remembered,  was  only  two  years  after  this  town 
was  founded.     John  Baltha.-ar  Wundrich,  son  of  Mat- 
thias \Vumlrich  and  hi.-,  wil'e,  is  tlie  first  baptismal  j 
entry  in  ihi^  record,  and  bears  date  of  1730.     Various 
concurring  circumstances  go  to  prove  that  the  entry 
was   made  by  the  Rev.  John   Casper  Stoever,    who 
served  this  congregation   and  one  at  Muddy  Creek 
until    the   close   of   the   year   174G.     The   number  of 
conmuinic^nts  at  the  first  recorded  communion  ser-  ! 


perat-deil  tlio  necessity  fur  t 
turs  of  tlie  ili.stlicl  uaeil  tlie 


trustees  iiiiBhltliiiiki 
BU|ilH)rt  uf  one  ur  uiuli 
be  open  iiiii)  in  openiti 


juse.     Bj-iin 
ceeils  of  said 


if  itastlio 
viljiit-e  of 


iiifest  unioiig  their  grateful  posterity. 


vice,  held  in  1748,  was  seventy.  At  times  the  church 
had  a  stationed  pastor,  and  at  others  was  sujiplied 
from  abroad.  The  pastors  from  that  time  to  the 
presentiiwere  the  Rev.  Tobias  Wagner,  1749-55;  Rev. 
Mr.  Stoever,  1755-58;  Rev.  Samuel  Schwerdfeger, 
1758-(J3;  l^ev.  W.  Kurtz,  17G3-81  ;  Rev.  Daniel 
Schroeder,  1781-84;  Rev.  Valentine  F.  Melsheimer, 
1786-90;  Rev.  Henry  Moeller,  1790-95;  Rev.  John 
riitt,  1798-1814;  Rev.  Peter  Filbert,  1814-23;  Rev. 
John  F.  Engel  was  chosen  jjastor  to  succeed  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Filbert,  and  served  a  short  time,  and  died  Au- 
gust 2'Jth  of  the  same  year;  Rev.  Charles  Reutze, 
1823-25;  Rev.  John  W.  Richards,  1825-34  (at  this 
time  there  were  under  hi=  charge  the  congregations  of 
Bergstras.s,  Muddy  Creek,  and  Allegheny);  Rev.  C. 
F.  Welden,  1834-38;  Rev.  W.  F.  Lehman,  1842  (he 
served  for  a  few  months  only) ;  Rev.  John  C.  Barnitz, 
1843-18;  Rev.  John  Kohler,  1S50-64;  Rev.  John  W. 
H.asslcr,  1SG4  to  the  present  time. 

On  May  18,  1744,  John,  Thomas,  and  Richard 
Penn,  the  then  proprietors  of  Pennsylvania,  con- 
veyed to  George  Swope,  Wendle  Swecker,  John  Bur- 
ger, Nathaniel  Lightner,  and  Jlichae!  Rein,  by  letters 
patent,  four  acres  of  land  for  the  use  of  the  cotigrega- 
tion,  and  upon  which  the  old  parsonage  was  after- 
wards built,  itnd  which,  with  various  additions,  still 
stands  on  the  northern  side  of  the  town.  The  earliest 
church  building  was  of  logs,  and  no  date  of  its  erec- 
tion has  been  preserved.  The  corner-slone  of  the 
old  stone  churcli  was  laid  in  April,  1763,  the  Revs. 
John  S.  Geruck,  of  Lancaster,-  John  N.  Kurtz,  of 
Tulpehocken,  and  the  [la^tor  officiating.  After  this 
church  was  built  a  coiisiiler.ilile  debt  remained  un- 
paid. To  extinguish  this  and  aNo  to  build  a  school- 
house  the  congregation  wa>  authorized  by  an  act  of 
the  General  As.sembly,  pa-^ed  on  May  20,  1767,  to 
raise  the  sum  of  ,£499  19.<.  by  means  of  a  lottery. 
This  fact  is  one  of  much  interest,  inasmuch  as  it 
proves  the  importaijce  attached  by  the  early  German 
settlers  to  the  ctiuse  of  education. 

During  the  ministi-y  of  the  Rev.  John  Plitt  the 
church  edifice  was  remodeled,  and  consecrated  Nov. 
7,  1802.  In  JIarch,  1850,  arrangements  were  made 
for  erecting  a  new  church  edifice.  The  corner-stone 
was  laid  August  3Ist  in  that  year,  and  tlie  building 
completed  in  the  spring  of  1S51,  and  dedicated  on  the 
27th  of  April  in  that  year,  since  which  time  several 
improvemcnt,s  have  been  made. 

Reformed  Church.— The  next  oldest  church  or- 
ganization of  which  the  records  have  been  preserved 
is  the  Gerjuan  Reformed  congregation  of  New  Hol- 
land, but  which,  at  the  period  of  its  formation  iu 
1846,  was  known  as  "  Zeltenreieh's  Kirche,"  a  name 
still  borne  by  the  church  lliat  now  stanils  on  tlie  spot 
wliere  this  congregation  first  worsliipcil.  That  the 
people  of  this  denomination  at  Karltowii  were  occa- 
sionally visited  by  itinerant  preachers  prior  to  this 
date  is  more  than  probable,  hut  the  written  record 
dates  from   1746.     The   first   baptisms   recorded  are 


814 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


those  of  cliildren  niinieJ  Stone,  liesore,  livelier,  Dil'- 
fendei-ler,  Seltenreicli,  Jlillrr,  Davis,  and  others. 
The  first  settled  pastor  was  the  Uev.  ,1.  H.  Keit^art,  in 
1748.  The  Rev.  John  Wald-elimidt,'  i,Mc.at--raiid- 
falherof  the  Kev.  J.  W.  Ila-sler,  tlie  |.n-eiit  wi.itliy 
])astor  of  the  Lutheran  Chureh  of  New  llullainl,  1m- 
came  jiastor  in  1753.  He  remained  only  two  yeai-, 
and  for  a  time  thereafter  the  coiigregati<in  was  serveil 
by  suijplies  from  Lancaster  and  elsewhere.  There 
was  also  lay  preaching  and  other  religions  serviees 
conducted  by  Leonard  Stone,  who  introdneed  the 
practice  of  calling  the  peojjle  together  when  there 
was  110  preacher.  In  1700,  George  Zeltenreieh  .sold 
for  a  nominal  sum  a  lot  of  ground  to  the  ollieers  of 
the  church,  giving  them  a  derail  for  the  same,  in 
which  it  was  conveyed  to  them  and  tlieir  sal■ces,^(lr^ 
in  trust  forever.  Rev.  Mr.  lierger  was  ikisIoi  Ir.im 
1761  until  17GG;  Mr.  .John  Wiltner  from  17ili;  to  ITli'.l. 
The  Rev,.  Weinier  an.l  \\'al>ehmidl  full., wed  him. 
In  1771  the  Kev.  John  (iohreeht  entered  upon  the 
pastorate,  and  held  it  nine  years. 

The  ehureh  was  supplied  occasionally  until  in  178G, 
when  a  Rev.  Mr.  Hautz  became  their  jiastor  and 
served  until  178S.  Rev.  John  Christian  Wilhelms  as- 
sumed charge  in  1789,  and  served  until  1802;  Rev. 
Charles  Uelfenstein  served  from  1802  to  1804;  Rev. 
John  Theobald  Faber,  Jr.,  from  1804  to  1810;  Rev. 
Daniel  Hertz,  from  1821  to  1844;  Rev.  P.  I).  Sch.,iy, 
from  1844  to  1848;  Rev.  Daniel  Hertz,  from  1849  to 
1852;  Rev.  Alfred  Helfen.stein,  Jr.,  from  1852  to 
1858;  Rev.  F.  Augustus  Ga'st,  from  l,s5il  to  1805; 
Rev.    Dr.   D.    W.  (ierhanl,   IVoni    18(17  to   llie   present 

The  ol<l  meeting-house  known  as  Zeltenreieh 
Church,  in  which  the  congregation  had  so  long  wor- 
shiped, was  in  a  very  dilapidated  condition  in  179',t, 
and  it  was  therefore  resolved  to  build  a  new  church 
in  a  more  uentral  locality  ;  this  was  finally  done  on  a 
lot,  donated  by  Jlatthias  Shirk,  in  the  village  of  New 
Holland.  During  the  years  1790  and  ISOO  the  large 
brick  building  at  present  used  wa,  creeled  at  a  cost 
of  $5827.38.  This  church  was  auih<,n/.ed  to  raise 
funds  by  means  of  a  lottery,  as  on  Dec.  1,  1800,  it 
was  "enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Re()resen- 
tatives  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania,  in 
General  Assembly  met,  that  Frederick  Seegar,  Adam 
Miller,  Jr.,  George  Ecard,  Jr.,  Jacob  Colfrode,  Jacob 
Rengwalt,  Philip  Dilfendertler,  and  Henry  Ream  be, 
and  they  are,  hereby  ajipointed  commissioners  to 
raise  by  way  of  lottery  a  sum  not  exceediiig  lour  thou- 
sand dollars,  with  a  discount  of  twenty  per  cent.,  to 


Congregation, 
building  then 


The  Methodist  Church  \\:< 

when  a  feu'    persons  of  ihat 
building  a  small   hriek   ehui 
where  service  w 
terest  declined, 


Xew  H,,llaml 


str 


heh 


roi)erty  was  sold  and  eventu- 
ally came  int(^  pos>e,sion  of  the  school  board,  by 
whom  it  is  still  u^ed.  Jleetings  were  then  held  by 
the  little  handful  for  many  years  in  schooMiouses 
and  until  1870,  when  the  ])resent  edifice  was  erected. 
The  present  pastor  is  the  Rev.  J.  H.  lUich. 

The  United  Brethren  organized  at  this  place  and 
built  the  present  church  edifice  in  the  year  18G0.  The 
present  jrastor  is  the  Rev.  Jlr.  Hughes. 

The  Xew  Holland  jjost-olRce  was  established  before 
IsiM).  Jn  the  year  ISIG  Samuel  Hall  was  postmaster. 
His  bucee^soij  were  Henry  Roland,  Roland.  Diller, 
Hamilton  Ayres,  Peter  Ream,  and  George  W.  Smith, 
the  present  incumbent. 


e  time  of  the  Anti-Ma- 
t,  the  Anli-Mi^oiiic  J/tral,l  was  started 
Fenn,  Dr.  Thomas  W.  Vesey,  Isaac 
Nathaniel  Ellniaker,  and 
1  former  were  editors.  The 
1  .June,  1828,  and  in  April, 


.\ltei 
le  JiJ 


Newspapers.— In 
sonic  ex 
by   Tlie( 

Ellniaker,  Rolaml  Dilhr 
William  Kinzcr.  The  lu 
lir,t  number  was  i-~^ned  i 
1829,  it  was  removed  to  1 
ducted  by  Fenn  lV  Feiito 
was,  about  1835,  merged  : 

The  New  Holhiial  Clarion  was  established  Jan.  18, 
1873,  by  George  H.  Ranck  and  J.  W.  Sandoe,  which 
is  now  continued  by  George  H.  Ranck.  It  is  "  inde- 
pendent on  all  subjects." 

An  extension  of  the  lilast  Prandywine  and  Waynes- 
burg  Railroad  runs  through  the  township  and  has  its 
western  terminus  at  New  Holland. 

Vogansville. — The  thriving  village  of  Vogansville 
is  jdeasantly  locaterl  near  the  northwestern  border  of 
Earl  townshij).  Its  situation  is  on  slightly  elevated 
ground,  affording  pleasing  views  of  the  surrounding 
country.  The  founder  of  the  village  was  Jolm 
Vegan,  who  erected  the  first  house  on  the  site  of  the 
jiresent  town  in  1839  and  gave  it  his  name.  His 
lather  was  James  Vogan,  and  his  grandfather  Wil- 
liam Vogan,  who  migrated  to  this  country  in  the 
latter  half  of  the  last  century  from  County  Caven, 
Ireland.  The  wife  of  the  latter  was  Margaret  Riley, 
daughter  of  John  Riley,  also  an  Irish  emigrant. 

James  and  John  Vogan,  the  sons  of  the  above- 
named  William,  both  tix.k  an  active  part  in  the 
struggle  for  ludependeJiee.  IhiIIi  were  present  at 
the  Paoli.  massacre  ;  the  former  held  a  commission, 
but  of  wdiat  grade  is  not  known.  His  sword  and  the 
box  in  which  his  reginHUitals  were  kept  are  faithfully 
jrreserved,  and  may  still  be  seen  in  the  possession  of 
his  son,  Isaac  Vogan,  the  oldest  survivor  of  the  direct 
descendants  of  the  lamilv. 


EARL  TOWNSHIP. 


815 


While  James  and  his  hrother  John  were  fighting 
thehattlesof  their  country  the  lioniestead  farm  was 
left  in  charge  of  the  former's  wile,  Margaret,  who, 
with  the  aid  of  a  n.-ro  l»,y,  cultivated  .so  much  ot  it 
as  sufficed  for  their  sujipiirt.  'flu-  ground  uhereou 
the  village  is  huilt  ua-,  [jaiL  of  the  old  farm. 

The  population  is  about  one  liundied  and  thirty- 
four.  The  houses  are  for  the  uoist  part  uell  built, 
with  attractive  yards  and  garden^.  attached.  There 
is  a  Union  Church  and  also  another  building,  used 
for  public  worship  by  the  Evangelical  Association. 
There  is  one  store  for  the  sale  of  general  merchan- 
dise, one  hotel,  a  coach  manufactory,  two  boot-  and 
shoe-shops,  a  blacksmithing  establishment,  and  a 
large  flour-barrel  manufactory.  Lime  burning  is  an 
industry  hugely  carried  on  in  the  immediate  vicinity 
of  the  town  ;  five  large  kilns  are  almost  in  constant 
operation,  and  turn  out  many  thousands  of  bushels 
of  lime  annually,  most  of  which  is  used  as  a  fertilizer 
by  the  farmers  of  the  surrounding  country. 

On  the  29th  of  April,  1848,  a  public  meeting  was 
held  in  Vogansville  for  the  purpose  of  taking  into 
consideration  the  necessity  (jf  building  a  meeting- 
house in  the  village.  It  was  resolved,  "  That  a  meet- 
ing house  shall  be  built  in  said  village,  to  be  termed 
the  '  Vogansville  Union  Meeting-House,'  which  shall 
and  may  be  used  by  all  deiiondnationsfor  the  preach- 
ing of  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ,  who  believe  in  the 
future  punishment  of  sin  and  in  Jesus  Christ  as  a 
Kcilcciucr." 

In  accordance  with  this  resolution  a  church  was 
erected  during  the  summer.  Iteligious  worship  had 
previously  been  held  in  the  village  school-house,  and 
about  the  time  of  the  completion  of  the  church  the 
Rev.  D.  Hertz  organized  a  congregation  of  the  Re- 
formed Church  at  this  place,  and-continued  as  their 
pastor  for  twenty  years,  bidding  service  in  the  Union 
Church.  Fj-om  that  time  (ISO'J)  Rev.  D.  W.  Gerhard 
acted  as  a  supply  till  187G,  when  he  became  their 
pastor,  and  is  at  present.  The  Lutherans  and  the 
Dunkers  also  hold  occasional  service  in  the  house. 

The  Church  of  the  Evangelical  Association  was 
built  about  1873,  and  has  at  present  about  thirty-five 
members. 

A  post-olRce  was  established  in  1845.  C.  S.  H.)ll- 
man  was  appointed  ])Ostma.stcr,  and  served  till  1854. 
He  was  succeeded  by  H.  S.  lloilman,  who  served  till 
1809.  Martin  Jacoby  was  tiien  appointed,  and  served 
till  1858.  J.  G.  Eshleman  succeeded  him,  and  is  the 
present  postmaster,  but  not  acting,  the  ollii'c  at  pres- 
ent being  conducted  by  deputy. 

Hinkletown. — This  village  takes  its  name  from 
George  Hinckle,  who,  in  17(i7,  was  licensed  to  keej)  a 
tav<'rn  at  this  [dace.  He  raised  a  family  of  four  sons, 
ainl  at  his  death  lell  ih)  inconsiderable  amount  of 
worldly  goods  to  be  shared  by  his  heirs.  Hi.s  wile, 
Ann,  kejit  the  tavern  many  year*  al'ter  his  death. 

The  town  lies  along  what  was  once  called  the  "  I'a.x- 
ton  road,"  a  name  so  nearly  erased  from  the  memories 


of  men  that  of  all  from  whom  information  was  sought 
only  Rcdand  Diller,  Est|.,  of  New  Holland,  and  Adam 
Hare,  Esq.,  of  Bareville,  were  able  to  indicate  its  lo- 
cality. ..\  rclcrencc  to  s.mic  old  deeds  corroborated 
their  evidence.  This  hi-hway  is  now  known  as.tlie 
llairisburgr.nd  Uuuningtown  turnpike. 

The  Coiicstoga  River  crosses  the  site  of  the  town, 
and  is  sijanncd  by  a  covered  wooden  bridge.  The 
place  contains  two  hotels  (one  lately  closed  known  as 
Swinkey's),  two  stores,  two  blacksmith-shops,  two 
saddle-  and  han]e^s-makcrs,  one  coachmaker,  one 
carpenter,  one  stone-mason,  one  tailor,  one  dentist, 
two  physicians,  a  watchmaker,  one  school-house,  one 
Union  Church,  and  one  resident  clergyman.  There 
is  also  a  grist-  and  saw-mill. 

That  part  of  the  village  lying  east  of  the  Conestoga 
bridge  was  formerly  known  as  Swopestown ;  this 
name  was  not  derived  from  that  of  an  individual,  but 
from  a  number  of  Suabians  who  located  there,  the 
principal  one  of  whom  was  Johan  Barnhard  Frank, 
and  wdio  also  erected  th.e  first  house.  In  the  German 
language  Suabians  are  called  Swopes,  hence  the  name 
Swopestown,  or  town  of  the  Suabians.  The  first 
hotel  in  this  jiart  of  the  town  was  kept  by  a  widow 
named  Elizabeth  Rhine,  who  died  in  1807;  she  had 
been  the  presiding  genius  of  this  hostelry  for  many 
years,  and  was  the  contemporary  of  Barbara  Hinckle, 
the  relict  of  the  ancient  landlord  at  the  western  end 
of  the  town. 

The  village  has  a  i)opulation  of  about  two  hundred. 

The  Union  Church  at  Hinkletown  was  built  about 
1851,  through  the  influence  of  Dr.  Isaac  Winters,  Sr., 
and  the  Rev.  John  Stamm.  For  a  time  service  was 
held  in  it  by  the  Lutheran  and  German  Reformed 
denominations,  but  the  interest  declined,  and  at  pres- 
ent tlie  denomination  of  United  Breihren  are  using 
it  as  their  place  of  worship. 

A  post-olHce  was  established  at  this  place  before 
184U.  At  that  time  John  ^Vickel  wa.s  postmaster. 
The  present  iucunibent  is  R.  Reidenbach. 


BIOGRAIMIICAL    SKETCHES. 


Sept.  10,  1751,  i 
migrant,  landed 
urgh."     He  tarr 


,LEK    LliTIIKK. 

istian  Luther,  a  young  German 
America  Irom  the  ship  "  Edin- 
brielly  near  New  York,  but  the 


discyles  of  the  great  reformer  (from  whom  Christian 
claimed  direct  descent)  not  being  in  favor  in  that 
region  he  migrated  to  the  peaceful  province  of  Penn. 
He  chose  Peqiiea  for  Ills  home,  but  for  some  reason 
he  remained  but  a  short  time  before  nmking  a  second 
change,— this  time  to  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  in  Vir- 
ginia, near  Woodstock.  There  he  married  Christiana 
Kelp.  Indian  troubles  com|iclled  him  to  retire  from 
Virginia,  and  returning  to  rcnnsylvania  settleil  at 
ICphrata.     There    he   died.      His    son   John,   born    at 


816 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Eplirata  in  1755,  became  a  prominent  physician,  and 
dieiJ  at  Harrisburg  in  1811.  He  left  Catharine,  John, 
Cornelius,  and  Jlartin.  Of  these,  John  grew  to  be  a 
physician  of  note  in  Lancaster  County,  practiced  for 
many  years  at  New  Hollaiul,  and  died  there  in  1828. 
His  sons  were  Diller,  John  W.,  Martin,  and  IVtur,  of 
whom  Diller,  John  \V.,  and  Martin  pursued  medical 
careers,  in  emulation  of  their  father  and  their  grand- 
fatlier  bclbre  them.  John  W.  rose  to  a  high  place  in 
his  profession,  and  for  nearly  forty  years  practiced 
continuouslv  at  New  Holland,  where  he  died  in  1870. 


'%/:a  oA^Mci 


Martin  settled  in  Re 
l(j-day  the  |■orenlo^t 
thatcitv.      Especial 


ircn|iies 


II  Ih 


(who  died  in  Harrisbnig  in  1811),  gave  to  the  medi- 
cal profession  no  less  than  seven  worthy  mendjers.  i 
Diller  Luther,  for  upwards  of  fifty  years  a  repre- 
sentative citizen  of  the  city  of  Reading,  is  a  descend- 
ant of  Christian  Luther,  wiio  came  to  America  in 
1751,  and  became  the  iirngenitor  of  the  JjUlliers  of 
Lancaster  County.  Diller  Luther  was  born  at  New 
Holland,  Nov.  18,  1808.  He  receive<l  his  early  edu- 
cation at  Todd's  Academy  in  Harrisburg,  and  upon 
the  completion  of  his  studies  there  he  entered  the 
office  of  his  father.  Dr.  John  Luther,  as  a  medical 
student,  preliminary  to  the  aduption  of  a  physician's 
career.  He  attended-the  University  of  Pennsylvania, 
and   eraduated   from   that  institution   in    18'20.     His 


first  held  of  practice  was  New  Holland,  but  a  brief 
siijcjurn  there  convinced  him  that  the  field  was  too 
narrow  for  two  physicians  (his  brother  John  W.  being 
alreaily  established  there),  and  so  he  removed  to  Or- 
wigsburg,  in  Schuylkill  County.  In  that  |)livce  he 
remained,*ho\vever,  but  a  year  before  ])assing  on  to 
Reading.  In  Reading  he  practiced  medicine  assidu- 
ously from  1832  to  1838.  In  the  year  last  named  he 
retired  from  practice  to  engage  in  the  mining  and 
shipping  of  coal  in  Schuylkill  County.  For  about 
twenty-five  years  he  gave  his  exclusive  attention  to 
that  business,  and  found  the  undertaking  a  profitable 
one.  From  1852  to  1858  his  home  was  in  Philadel- 
phia (in  which  city  his  business  interests  largely  cen- 
tred), but  in  the  latter  year  he  returned  to  Reading, 
and  in  that  city  has  ever  since  resided. 

In  18G3  he  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln 
Internal  Revenue  Collector  of  the  Eighth  District  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  occupied  that  important  trust  until 
early  in  1809.  In  1S73  he  was  ajjpointed  General 
Agent  and  Secretary  of  the  State  Board  of  Public 
Charities,  and  to  the  present  time  has  continued  to 
discharge  with  zealous  ability  the  arduous  and  exact- 
ing duties  .if  that  (ifiice.  In  December,  1881,  he  was 
ica]ipoiiited  to  the  jiosition  for  a  term  of  three  years. 
Ill  the  performance  of  his  labors  as  general  agent  and 
>ecretary.  Dr.  Diller  is  called  upon  to  give  his  per- 
Miiial  attention  to  the  charitable,  corrective,  and  other 
^iiuihir  public  in^^tiluti(lns  in  Pennsylvania,  and  to 
devdle  Udt  iiiily  his  wlmlc  time  but  his  active  energies 
to  constant  :ipiiiic:itiiiii.  That  he  has  been  a  con- 
scientious and  laillilul  public  servant  needs  but  ref- 
erence til  the  fact  thai  hr  has  for  eleven  years  been 
huiH.red  with  the  trii-t,  .Vllhough  now  in  his  seven- 
ty-tilth year,  he  is  .-till  in  the  pc.-sessi,.n  (if  an  almost 
unimpaired  pliy>ical  maiihoo.l  and  of  c<imman<ling 
Ijresence. 

The  duties  of  his  active  life  have  forbidden  the 
intrusion  of  a  political  |irominence  in  his  career,  save 
with  the  exce|ition  of  the  placing  of  his  name  by  the 
Whig  inirty,  in  l><i7,  in  candidacy  for  Congress  (from 
the  lOighth  Di-lrictl.  His  opijonent  was  William 
Strong  (now  un  ex-associate-justiee  of  the  United 
Slates  i-^uprciiit'  Court),  the  Democratic  candidate, 
and  although  a  1  >cniocratit;  victory  was  a  foregone 
conclusion.  Dr.  Luther's  personal  [lopularity  was  such 
that  he  cut  the  Dem<icratic  majority  down  from  up- 
wards of  five  th(iu>and  to  about  eleven  hundred,  while 
he  had  tlie  honor  to  carry  the  city  of  Reading  for  the 
Whig  party, — tin-  lir^t  iiiNlance  of  that  kind  on  record. 
In  1848  he  was  clio>cn  as  a  member  of  the  district 
convention  that  nominated  a  delegate  to  the  Presi- 
dential convention  at  which  Taylor  was  nominated 
by  the  Whig  party.  In  the  election  of  Taylor,  Dr. 
Diller  took  an  active  part,  and  thus  by  his  position 
in  that  contest  he  cime  into  cons|iiLU<ius  iiromiiienre 
in  State  polities. 

Dr.  Diller  has  been  i.roininent  in  Reading  banking 
circles,   was  president  of  the    Anthracite    Insurance 


EAST    EARL   TOWNSHIP. 


Company  of  Philadelphia  for  some  years,  ami  is  now 
president  (and  has  been  since  1873)  of  tlie  Charlos 
Evans  Cemetery  Association,  of  wiiich  lie  was  one  of 
the  founders,  and  has  been  continuonsly  since  1818 
one  of  its  managers. 

Dr.  Luther  was  married  in  1834  to  Amelia  II., 
daughter  of  Judge  Spayd  and  granddaughter  of  (!ov- 
ernor  Joseph  Hiester.     She  died  in  1872. 


promoting  the  cause  of  religion.  Popular  education 
had  in  him  a  firm  and  fast  friend,  and  in  his  solicitude 
for  its  welfare  he  was  strong  in  Ixjtli  speech  and  work. 
.\t  firstasmuich  Whig,  and  later  a  rock-ribbed  Demo- 
crat, he  was  keenly  alive  to  the  movement  <if  iiolitic^, 


JOHN  STYEll. 
•  John  Styer  was  for  nearly  a  lifetime  a  familiai 
figure  in  the  history  of  the  village  of  New  Holland 
and  especially  active  and  alert  in  affairs,  dealing  noi 
only  with  the  pursuit  of  business  concerns,  but 
such  issues  as  related  to  public  prosperity  and  i>ro- 
gression.  He  died  in  New  Holland,  Feb.  21,  1880, 
after  a  residence  therein  of  nearly  forty  years,  and 
when  he  passed  away  left  the  recollection  of  a  reco 
whose  pages  testified  in  clear  language  to  an  hont 
able  name,  gained  by  a  life  of  industry,  integrit 
and  rigid  self-reliance.  He  came  of  sturdy  Germ: 
stock,  his  grandfather,  John  Adam  Styer,  havii 
emigrated  from  Germany  when  a  lad,  and  sellii 
himself  to  pay  his  passage  across  the  ocean,  worki 
out  the  obligation  with  one  Rhine,  a  miller,  at  JI 
Creek,  in  Lancaster  County.  John  Adam  Stye: 
son,  Frederick,  was  a  prominent  farmer  of  Caermi 
von  township,  and  in  1S27  located  upon  the  place 
that  township  now  known  as  the  Styer  homestea 
and  owned  by  David  Styer.  Frederick  Styer  had  two 
sons, — John  and  David.  John  gave  his  attention  to 
farming  until  1842,  when  he  removed  to  New  Hol- 
land and  embarked  in  business  as  a  hotel-keeper  at 
the  New  Holland  House.  He  gave  his  attention  also 
to  stock-dealing,  and  in  that  venture  drove  a  brisk 
trade  and  grew  prosperous.  In  ISo't  he  built  the 
))resent  Styer  rflou-c,  and  conducted  it  frcjiii  is.l'.i  lo 
1874  with  such  ability  that  it  uoii  an  enviable  repu- 
tation as  one  of  the  host  hotels  in  the  interior  of 
Lancaster  County.  In  1870  he  abandoned  the  stock 
business,  and  in  1874  retired  permanently  from  active 
pursuits.  He  had  gained  a  competency,  and  the  rest 
he  sought  he  had  justly  earned.  He  was  twice  mar- 
ried. His  first  marriage  was  to  Mary  Davis,  Dec.  21, 
1826.  Their  chihlren  were  Frederick,  Elizabeth, 
James,  John,  David,  arul  Margaret.  John  and  David 
are  the  oidy  ones  living.  Jlrs.  Styer  died  in  1840. 
May  30,  1842,  he  married  Mrs.  Susan  lirubaker, 
daughter  of  Philip  Sprecher,  of  New  Ilollaiul,  and 
herself  a  native  of  that  village.  She  still  survives. 
The  children  by  the  second  marriage  were  George  W. 
(now  of  Ijanca.ster),  Rachel  (deceased),  Henry  (i. 
(of  New  Hcdhind),  Susan,  Mary  Jane  and  Isaac 
(deceased),  and  William  (of  New  Holland).  Mr. 
Styer  was  for  the  greater  portion  of  his  life  a  valued 
and  active  member  of  the  Lutheran'Church.  He  was 
close  in  his  attendance  upon  public  worship,  and  ex- 
ercised himself  with  fervent  ellbrt  in  sustaining  and 
51 


,^:ytrhypi^     <9cyJ^ 


claimi 
for.tl 


as  well  as  to  the  [lassage  of  ev 

lo..,ervc  in  the  capacity  of  cu-to,lian  (.f  1 
trusts  he  never  .shirked  his  duty.  He  liv 
lile,  bore  evidence  in  his  character  to  the 
of  the  sterling  qualities  that  abide  withi 
ored  citizen,  and  dying,  was  sincerely  mi 


ig  careful 
e  distrac- 
lled  upon 


tcrntr 
u    Karl 


rthy 


,>li 


tlie  prayer  ol  a  petition  preMiilecl  to  tin 
tiuarter  Sessions.  Samuel  lOlierly.  John 
and  Adam  Keller  were  appointed  viewers 
23d  of  July,  ISol,  their  report  was  made  rei 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


ing  a  division,  and  it  was  read  and  conlirnjed  on  the  j 
19tli  of  August  in  that  year. 

The  line  of  division  began  at  tlie  northeast  corner  i 
of  Leacock  townsliip,  in  tlie  line  of  Salisbury  town-  I 
ship,  and  on  the  Peter's  road  ;  thence  north  across  ] 
the  Welsh  Mountains  to  a  point  on  Muddy  Creek, 
"  which  point  bears  south  eighty  degrees  west  six  and 
live-tenths  perches  from  the  southwestern  corner  of 
Jo.sei)h  Overholtzer's  Grist-  and  Fh.ur-Mill  on  ^aid 
creek,"  the  distance  being  eight  and  oiic-half  miles 
and  fifty-six  perches. 

The  names  of  the  townships  thus  laid  oft'  were 
not  mentioned  in  the  report,  and  on  request  made  to 
the  court  Nov.  20,  1851,  the  court  ordered  that  the 
western  portion  should  be  called  Earl  township,  and 
the  eastern  portion  East  Earl.  At  the  time  of  the 
division  the  territory  now  known  iis  East  Earl  con- 
tained seven  hundred  and  fifty-six  taxables,  with  a 
valuation  of  81,7C0,G3C. 

The  Justices  of  the  Peace  who  held  jurisdiction 
over  the  territory  now  East  Earl  township  will  be 
found  in  the  district  to  which  Earl  township  belonged 
up  to  the  year  1840.  From  that  time  to  the  date  of 
its  organization  the  names  are  given  in  Earl  town- 
ship, and  from  1851  are  here  given  : 


Daniel  S.  Geitit. 


Ai)nl,  ise.-). 


Keubcn  K.  Sucider. 

April,  1870.  S»in 

«km  „ul  taken  uut.) 

April,  1872.  AJi.l 

3.  DiNler. 

April,  1876.  San. 

Diiuiel  S.  GeiBt. 

11.  r.  Weave. 

AI.»«lom  a  Bixler. 

Ap.-il,  ISSd.  SU...L 

Diiiuel  S.  Ge.Bt. 

li.  F,  Weave. 

Early  Settlers. — About  the  year  1722  a  settlement 
was  made  by  the  Welsh  in  territory  that  a  few  years 
later  became  Caernarvon  township.  A  small  portion 
of  these  people  located  on  adjoining  lands  in  what  is 
now  East  Earl.  Subsequently  the  lands  purchased 
by  the  Wj?lsh  passed  into  the  hands  of  the  Germans, 
by  whose  Hescendants  it  is  still  largely  owned.  About 
the  year  1717  four  brothers  by  the  name  of  Weber  or 
Weaver  emigrated  from  near  the  canton  of  Zurich, 
Switzerland,  and  settled  in  the  valley  of  the  Pequea, 
in  what  is  now  Lampeter  and  Strasburg  townships. 
John  Weber,  one  of  the  brothers,  purchased  a  tract 
of  land  in  Strasburg  township  and  remained  there. 
The  three  remaining  brothers,  Jacob,  Henry  and 
George,  i)urchased  a  large  tract  of  land  containing 
between  two  and  three  thousand  acres  on  the  south 
side  of  the  Conestoga,  which  was  named  "  Weber 
Thai"  (Weaverland).  At  a  later  date  a  [latent  was 
obtained  and  addition  made  to  their  lands  by  pur- 
chase from  the  Welsh. 

With  the  Webers  also  came  Hans  Guth  ((iood),  a 
brothcr-in-taw  of  George  Weber,  who  purchased  land 
in  wluit  i^  now  lireckiu.ck  township,  where  his  de- 
scendiints  are  numerous.  The  Weaver  brothers  with 
their  families  lived  and  died  ii>  Weaverland,  leaving 
many  descendants,  many  of  whom  are  yet  in  the 
county,  some   in   posse.ssion  of   j.art  of  the  original 


tract;  others  have  emigrated  South,  West,  and  to  the 
Canadas. 

Soon  after  tlie  settlement  by  the  Webers  they  were 
joineil  by  the  Martins,  Schneiders,  and  Millers,  the 
Davis,  and  Edwards  families,  and  others,  wdio  lo- 
cated lancls  adjoining  and  settled  thereon.  Desceml- 
ants  of  many  of  these  families  are  still  living  in  the 
county  and  township. 

East  Earl  has  within  her  limits  six  churches,  a 
Presbyterian  at  Cedar  Grove,  an  Evangelical  and  a 
Union  at  Fairville,  a  !Mennonite  in  Weaverland,  a 
United  P)rethren  at  Ranck's,  commonly  known  as  the 
"  Brick  Church,"  and  a  Lutheran  and  Reformed  at 
Centre,  known  as  Centre  Church,  as  well  as  by  its 
more  modern  name,  "  St.  John's." 

It  also  contains  thirteen  school-houses  located  in 
different  sections  of  the  township. 

It  has  also  six  mills, — Rupp's  (formerly  Shirk's), 
Henry  Martin's,  and  Joseph  Overholtzer's,  all  of 
which  are  on  the  Conestoga  ;  David  Martin's  (formerly 
Frantz's),  and  Martin  Frantz's  (formerly  Dosch's), 
on  a  small  stream  near  the  Sorrel  Horse  ;  and  Bink- 
ley's,  Kurtz's  (now  Good's),  on  Mill  Creek,  near  the 
Wel>h  Mountains. 

Churches.— The  Presbyterian  Church  now  at  Cedar 
Grove  was  originally  organized  at  Blue  Ball  as  early 
as  the  year  1775.  Worship  was  held  in  the  grove, 
where  a  platform  was  erected  for  the  minister  and 
seats  built  for  the  |)eoi)le.  Worship  w;is  maintained 
in  this  way  for  several  years.  In  the  year  1787  a  lot 
of  land  at  what  is  now  known  as  Cedar  Grove  was 
luirchased  for  thirteen  dollars  and  thirty-three  cents. 
On  the  ground  a  church  was  erected,  which  served 
the  people  as  a  house  of  worship  without  change  till 
1853,  when  it  w.as  enlarged  and  remo<leled.  It  is  still 
occcupied  by  the  congregation,  which  is  at  present 
under  the  charge  of  the  Rev.  William  J.  Hoar. 

The  church  situateil  in  the  northeast  part  of  the 
township,  known  as  Centre  Church,  or  St.  John's,  was 
organized  early  in  the  iircent  century,  and  took  its 
name  from  its  centr;il  hic.Uion  in  respect  to  the  con- 
gregations from  which  jl.^  iiienilicrship  was  drawn. 
The  first  church  cdilicc  was  erectc.l  in  the  summer  of 
1819,  the  corner-stone  being  laid  on  the  20th  of  May 
in  that  year.  It  was  used  by  the  congregation  till 
1872,  when  it  was  torn  down  and  the  [iresent  church 
erected.  At  this  time  the  name  was  changed  to  St. 
John.  The, house  is  used  by  societies  of  the  German 
Reformed,  under  the  charge  of  the  Rev.  Stephen 
Schweitzer,  and  the  Lutheran,  under  the  charge  of 
the  Rev. Uubenhend. 

Schools.— The  schools  of  the  township  were  held, 
.as  all  others  in  the  early  times,  by  voluntary  subscrip- 
tions, and  at  such  times  as  teachers  could  be  obtain.-d. 
When  the  school  law  was  passed  in  1834  the  territory 
now  embraced  in  the  township  was  a  part  of  Eai  I, 
and  accepted  the  provisions  of  the  law  in  1838.     The 

which  this  contained  a  j.art.     When  a  division  was 


EAST    EARL   TOWNSHIP. 


819 


made  in  1851,  and  this  became  a  separate  townsliip,  it 
was  redistricted  and  made  into  eleven  districts,  wliicli 
contained  six  liundreii  and  ninety-six  pupils.  In  this 
year  (188.3)  the  township  contains  tliirteen  districts 
and  six  hundred  and  four  pupils.  Tlie  expenditure 
for  school  purposes  is  three  thousand  three  liuridred 
and  ninety-nine  dollars  ajid  thli  ty-tliree  cents. 

FairviUe— Terre  Hill  Post-Oiffice.— The  land  on 
which  this  village  stands  belonged  to  Martin  Ober- 
liolzer  a  few  years  before  the  village  was  started. 
Ilis  children  were  John,  Isaac,  Jacob,  and  their 
sisters,  Mrs.  Hetzel  Stirk  and  Mrs.  Samuel  Watts. 
These  sons  and  daughters  of  Martin  Oberholzer  were 
either  of  the  Mennonite  faith,  or  inclined  towards  it. 
A  school-house  had  been  erected  near  here,  and 
preachers  were  attracted  to  the  neighborhood  by  an 
expressed  desire  for  preaching.  This  was  about  1835. 
Services  were  first  lield  in  the  school-house  by  minis- 
ters of  the  Evangelical  Association.  A  church  was 
organized,  and  in  1838  an  edifice  was  erected.  Henry 
Haller,  about  the  year  184'),  opened  a  store  a  short 
distance  east  of  the  present  village,  on  the  road  lead- 
ing to  the  Dry  Tavern.  A  year  or  two  later  the  road 
from  Haller's  store  east  was  laid  out.  About  18-18 
Haller  sold  to  Levi  Klauser,  who  in  a  short  time  sold 
to  his  brother  Simon,  who  built  tlie  stone  store-house 
opposite  the  church,  and  opened  a  large  general  store. 

About  this  time  agitation  was  started  for  a  post- 
oflice,  which  resulted  in  the  establlshinent  of  the  post- 
office  at  Terre  Hill.  Another  olfice  in  Chester  County 
bearing  the  name  FairviUe,  it  could  not  have  the 
name  of  the  settlement  or  village.  The  name  given 
to  the  locality  before  the  settlement  sprang  up  was 
the  "Hill,"  and  to  designate  it  more  particularly 
"Terre"  was  prefixed.  .Simon  N.  Klauser  became 
the  first  postmaster. 

The  distinguishing  industry  of  FairviUe  is  the  cigar 
business.  T"^iere  are  twelve  establishments  where  this 
branch  of  trade  is  carried  on.  It  has  two  cliurches 
(one  Evangelical  and  one  Union),  two  smith-shops, 
two  shoemaking-shops,  one  wagon-factory,  one  saddle- 
and  harness-maker,  one  tinsmith,  one  merchant  tailor, 
one  coach-factory,  two  cabinet-making  and  furniture 
establishments,  one  underlaker,  one  refreshment  sa- 
loon, two  stores,  one  bra.ss  band,  two  physicians,  one 
resident  clergyman. 

Evangelical  Association.— During  the  summer  of 
1835  the  first  itinerant  i)reachers  of  the  Christian  de- 
nomination, then  generally  known  as  Albright  Jlelh- 
odlsts,  but  now  called  The  Evangelical  A.ssociation, 
first  visited  the  neighborhood  of  tlig  jiresent  village  of 
FairviUe.  Jacob  and  Isaac  Oberluillzrr,  and  their 
sisters,  the  wives  of  Hetzel  Stirk  and  Samurl  AV'atN, 
with  (heir  fa.nili.s,  soon  after  organized  a  societv. 
Laac  (Iherholtzer  becani,-  a  well-known  and  useful 
local  preacher,  who  served  his  cliurch  faithfully  until 
his  death  in  1875. 

At  first  services  were  held  in  the  public  scho<il- 
house  near  the  |)lace,  but  in  18-tl  a  nieetlng-house  or 


church  was  erected.  About  this  time  the  denomina- 
tion annually  held  camp-meetings  in  the  neighbor- 
hood. A  Sunday-school  was  established  iu  connec- 
tion witfi  the  church,  and  the  membership  gradually 
increased  in.uuniher  and  inllueucc.  Later  the  build- 
ing was  remodeled  at  a  cost  of  three  thousand  dol- 
lars, and  was  used  until  April  19,  1882,  when  it  was 
struck  by  lightning  and  entirely  destroyed.  Meas- 
ures were  immediately  taken  to  build  a  new  church. 
A  building  committee  was  appointed,  who  pushed 
the  enterprise  so  vigorously  that  the  corner-stone  of 
the  new  edifice  was  laid  with  appropriate  ceremonies 
on  July  29,  1882. 

The  building  is  of  red  sandstone,  seventy  feet  long 
by  forty  feet  wide,  with  a  tower  one  hundred  feet  high 
and  a  bell.  The  audience-room  is  furnished  with 
galleries  and  has  a  seating  capacity  for  seven  hundred 
persons.  Its  cost  was  about  twelve  thousand  dollars. 
It  was  dedicated  to  the  worship  of  God  on  Sunday, 
Aug.  5,  1883,  Bishop  Thomas  Bowman,  assisted  by 
other  clergymen,  oiticiating. 

An  Evangelical  Mennonite  Church  edifice  is  erected 
west  of  FairviUe  a  short  distance.  The  history  of  the 
Mennonites  will  be  found  in  the  general  history. 

Goodville.— The   village   of  Goodville  is  situated 
on  an  eminence  rising  from  the  fertile  and  well-cul- 
tivated bottom-lands  on  the  south  bank  of  the  Cones- 
1  toga,  on  the  New  Holland  and  Churchtown  turnpike, 
in  East  Earl  to\vn-.hip.     It  Is  about  eighteen  miles 
east  from  the  city  ol'  Lancaster,  two  and  a  half  miles 
from  Blue  Ball,  and  the  same  distance   west   from 
Churchtown.      The  New  Holland   extension   of  the 
East   Brandywine   and    Waynesburg   Railroad   runs 
i  about  two  niUes  south  of  it,  while  the  contemplated 
Delaware  River  and  Lancaster  line  promise  to  furnish 
I  the  place  with  needed  railroad  accomn'iodations. 
j       The  town  dates  its  origin  from  1815,  when  John 
I  Weaver  erected  a  hotel  on  ground  now  occujiled  by 
'  the  village.     This  lumse  was  used  and  occupied  as  a 
I  tavern  or  hotel  under  the  name  of  "  Red  Lion"  tor  a 
series  of  years. 

Some  time  afterwards  Jacob  Shultz  erected  the 
next  house.  This  man  for  some  time  kept  a  store  in 
partnership  with  a  lady  named  Betsey  Kibler,  who  is 
well  remembered  by  many  persons  still  living. 

It  was  then  about  the  time  wdien  Peter  Good,  the 

person  after  whom  the  place  was  named,  commenced 

the  mercantile  business  here.     After  the  meinorable 

(  Presidenti'al   campaign   of    1844,  between   Clay  and 

Polk,  a  post-office  was   here   established   under  the 

'  name  of   "Ohl  ICarl."     The  village  having  always 

liifu  known  as  ( Inodville,  the  name  of  the  jiost-office 

wa-  allcruards  ,  han-i-d  so  as  to  correspond  with  it. 

.John    S.    NVcavei    was    .ailv   as-ociatcd    with    I'rl.M 


and  Martin  E.  Stauller, 
known  lor  many  years  as 
who  died  a  few  years  ago 


820 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER    COUNTY. 


It  was  not  long  until  Mr.  Weaver  had  the  whole  I 
control  of  the  store,  and  the  hiisiness  is  still  carried  j 
on  in  the  name  of  John  S.  Weaver  i*i  Son. 

The  villaj^e  has  of  late  years  much  increased  in 
population  and  prosperity.  It  contains  about  two 
hundred  iuliabitants.  There  is  a  large  liardware 
establishment  in  the  place.  John  S.  Weaver,  tlie 
postmaster  and  senior  member  of  an  extensive  coun- 
try store,  has  been  in  continuous  business  liere  for  a 
period  of  about  forty  years.  B.  F.  Weaver  is  a  jus- 
tice of  tlie  peace  and  conveyancer.  Almost  all  the 
various  branches  of  trade  and  industry  are  well  and 
creditably  represented  in  this  town. 

The  settlement  called  Spring  Grove  was  the  site  of 
Spring  Grove  Furnace,  wliich  was  built  many  years 
ago  by  Cyrus  Jacobs,  an  account  of  which  will  be 
found  in  the  general  history.  After  the  furnace  went 
down  the  place  declined,  and  to-day  contains  a  grist- 
mill, store,  post-oflice,  and  a  number  of  dwellings. 

Blue  Ball  is  a  settlement  at  tlie  junction  of  the  Old 
Paxtang  and  Horseslioe  roads.  It  has  at  present  a 
post-oflice  and  a  few  dwellings.  The  land  on  which 
it  is  located  was  part  of  the  large  tract  taken  up  by 
the  AVeavers.  On  the  27th  of  August,  1766,  Robert 
Wallace  purchased  twelve  acres  of  Jacob  Weaver. 
He  soon  after  established  a  store  and  erected  a  tav- 
ern, which  was  opened  at  the  sign  of  "The  Blue 
Ball."  He  remained  here  until  November,  1778, 
when  he  sold  to  Peter  Grim.  His  son  John  entered 
his  father's  store,  and  fur  many  years  after  was  en- 
gaged in  mercantile  and  agricultural  ])ursuits,  and 
for  thirty-two  years  a"  ruling  elder  in  Cedar  Grove 
Presbyterian  Church.  The  tavern  stand  w.as  noted 
many  years  as  a  noted  hostelry  on  the  Old  Pa.xtang 


in  ihc  southeast  p 
isbiirg  and  Dowiii 
L  school-house    am 


Toledo,  a  small  hamlet,  li, 
of  the  township,  on  the  Ihi 
town  turjipike.  It  contain; 
store. 

Green  Bank,  also  a  small  hamlet,  lies  in  the  south 
part  (if  the  township,  and  contains  a  post-ollice. 

The  Sensenig  Hardware  Company,  located  in 

the  village  of  Goodville,  Fa^t  i;:,rl  township,  is  one 
of  the  best  known  of  th.;  Iiii-,im'-s  ,.nlci|.ri-(s  <,f  the 
interior  of  Lancastei-  Cnunty,  and  one  nf  the  nm^t 
thoroughly  equipped  estalili^liinunts  of  its  kind  in 
Eastern  Pennsylvania,  i'he  traiie  of  the  company 
reaches  into  a  wide  region  of  ten  it(jiy,  ami  averages 
upwards  of  sixty  thousand  dollars  annnaily.  The 
members  of  the  firm  are  three  brothers,  — Mi. •had  M. 
(born  1837),  Martin  M.  (born  1838),  and  I'eler  .M. 
Sensenig  (born  1844).  Goodville  is  their  native 
place,  and  in  Lanca-tcr  County  they  truce  their 
family  history  (one  of  thi-  nio,t  iniportant  in  tiiat 
section)  back  through  live  generations.  'I'lieir  father, 
Jlichael,  was  born  in  Lancaster  County  in  1805,  and 
died  at  Goodville  in  October,  1-870.  He  was  for  years 
a  sterling  farmer-citi/.en  .d'  Fast  Ivirl  township  until 
the  year   IS'I'J,   when,  witli   his  s,)n,  .Michael   M.,  lie 


embarked  in  the  mercantile  trade  at  the  location  now 
occupied  by  A.  M.  Brnbaker's  drug-store,  the  firm- 
name  being  M.  Sensenig  &  Son. 

Iu«  1862,  Mr.  Sensenig  erected  a  store-house  at 
Spring  Grove,  and  to  that  point  the  firm  removed 
their  busuiess  in  that  year.  They  carried  on  a  gen- 
eral store  there  from  1862  to  1805,  when  they  dis- 
posed of  it  to  John  H.  High.  After  a  brief  retire- 
ment, Michael  Sensenig,  the  elder,  erected  at  Good- 
ville, in  18C8,  a  perfectly  appointed  store  building  for 
the  purposes  of  a  hardware  trade,  and  early  in  1869, 
having  as  partners  his  two  .sons,  Michael  M.  and 
Peter,  occupied  it  with  a  full  stock  of  hardware  and 
house-furnishing  goods,  and  gave  to  that  region  a 
revelation  in  the  way  of  a  complete  business  enter- 
prise. The  firm  of  Michael  Sensenig  &  Sons  flour- 
ished with  constantly-increasing  favor  until  the  death 
of  the  senior  member  in  1870.  Until  the  fall  of  1872 
the  business  was  conducted  by  M.  JNI.  Sensenig  & 
Brother,  when  INIartin  M.  was  admitted  as  a  member, 
and  the  firm-name  thereupon  changed  to  that  of  the 
Sensenig  Hardware  Company,  since  wdien  it  has  re- 
mained unaltered.  In  1877  the  company  purchased 
the  general  store  of  J.  S.  Weaver  &  Son  at  Goodville, 
and  since  that  date  liave  carried  on  both  establish- 
ments, Michael  M.  being  the  managing  partner  of 
the  latter,  while  Martin  M.  and  Peter  give  their  close 
personal  attention  to  the  hardware-store.  In  the 
summer  of  1882  the  firm  constructed  a  telephone  line 
from  Goodville  to  Fast  F.arl  Station,  a  distance  of 
two  and  a  half  miles,  and,  as  a  matter  of  conveni- 
ence in  their  extensive  business,  lind  it  to  be  a  full 
Compensation  for  the  expenditure  of  capital  and 
progressive  spirit  incidental  to  tlie  work  of  construc- 
tion. 

The  hardware-store  is,  as  has -already  been  re- 
marked, a  model  of  its  kind,  and  liir  and  near  is 
referred  to  as  one  of  the  conspicuous  landmarks  in 
local  business  history,  while  its  capable  management 
and  constantly  widening  circle  of  jiatronage  bear 
abundant  totimony  to  the  liberal  and  comprehensive 
policy  of  the  lonipany.  The  stock  includes  hard- 
ware, hoiisr  Itirnisliing  goods,  agricultural  imple- 
nieiits,  iron,  lead,  and  tcMa-cott.a  pipe,  etc.  During 
till'    past    tlirtc   years   the   conipany    lias  built  up   au 


.•onntrv,  to 


the  all 


HKMilLU'llKJ.Vl.    SKETCH. 

.iiMO.<    S.   tvIN'ZKIl. 

The  name  of  Kinzer  is  an  honored    one  in    East 

Earl  township,  and  by  no  representative  thereof  has 

it  been  more  worthily  borne  than  by  Amos  S.  Kinzer, 

devoted   to   the  wholes., nie   and   salutary   j.nrjjose   id' 


v 


v_;r,^' 


^ 


y/?m^  (2/ 1/^^7^ 


7' 


.D 


WEST    EARL   TOWNSHIP. 


AIUI 


a  i,r 


doing  his   duty  us   he  conceived   the  duly   of 
should  be  perlormed,  died  Sept.  5,  1S7(J,  leiivin; 
hind   liim   11.S   a   lieritage  an   ii.ll 
tliat  will  long  stand  among  the 
native  county. 

From  the  Kinzer  family  record  has  been  taken  the 
genealogy  of  the  immediate  ancestry  and  family  of 
Amos  S.  Kinzer,  as  follows:  George  Kinzer,  his 
father,  was  the  son  of  Michael  and  JIagdalena  Kin- 
zer, and  was  born  Feb.  18,  1778,  upon  tlie  old  Kinzer 
homestead  in  East  Earl.  There  he  died  Nov.  28, 
1834.  He  was  married  in  1800  to  Anna  Margaretta, 
daughter  of  Nathaniel  and  Elizabeth  Ellmaker.  She 
was  born  May  10,  1779.  Their  children  were  Maria 
M.,  born  Oct.  9,  1800  (now  Jlrs.  Henry  Yundt,  of 
Blue  Ball);  Amos  S.,  born  Feb.  23,  1803,  died  Sept. 
5,  1870  ;  Esais,  born  Dec.  4, 1805,  who  became  a  well- 
known  physician,  and  died  in  Lanca.ster  City;  Wil- 
liam, born  Sept.  27,  1807,  and  died  at  the  Gap; 
Elizabeth,  born  March  10,  1S09  (now  .Mrs.  Aaron 
Custer,  of  Pottstown)  ;  Nathaniel  E.,  born  Aug.  10, 
ISIO,  died  in  Franklin  County;  Anna  M.,  born  Feb. 
20,  1812  (now  Mrs.  George  Diller,  of  Blue  Ball); 
Elias,  born  March  31,  1814  (now  of  Harrisburg)  ; 
Caroline,  born  May  11,  181(3  (deceased);  (Jeorge  W., 
born  March  27,  1818  (now  of  San  Francisco)  ;  Levi, 
born  March  13,  1819  (residing  in  Pottstown);  Har- 
riet C,  born  Dec.  G,  1821  (now  Mrs.  George  Van 
Buskirk,  of  Pottstown)  ;  lienjamin  F.,  luirn  Sept.*;, 
1823.  (deceased). 

Amos  Stanhope  Kinzer,  the  subject  of  this  mem- 
oir, was  married  Jan.  2;i,  1S27,  to  .Maria  Louisa, 
daiight.'r  of  Til., ma.  and  ('alliaiiue  lliuies.  She  was 
born  March  24,  ISUG.  Tlicir  children  were  Catharine 
A.,  born  Nov.  20,  1828  (now  Mrs.  Samuel  S.  High,  of 
Lancaster) ;  George  H.,  born  Jan.  2,  1831,  and  lost  on 
board  the  steamship  "Golden  Gate,"  July  27,  1802, 
while  journeying  homeward  from  San  Francisco  ; 
Theodore  A.,  b\rn  Aug.  19,  1833,  now  residing  in 
East  Earl. 

Amos  S.  Kinzer  was  married  a  second  time  to  Mrs. 

in  her  eighty-third  year.  By  the  second  marriage 
the  children  were  Anna  M.,  born  July  23,  1837  (now 
Mr.s.  Albert  McHvaine,  of  Paradise  township)  ;  Amos 
E.,  born  Oct.  30,  1838,  and  died  Jan.  22,  1851  ;  Wil- 
liam H.  H.,  born  Oct.  24,  1840,  and  now  residing  upon 
the  Kinzer  homestead  (built  by  his  great-grandfather, 
Michael,  and  since  then  occu]ded  by  five  generations 
of  the  family).  The  last  child  of  the  second  mar- 
riage, Edward  A.,  was  born  May  25,  1843,  and  died 
July  25,  1843. 

Amos  S.  Kinzer  was  "  a  man  among  men."  He 
gained  and  never  lost  the  highest  esteem  of  tho-.f 
who  had  the  right  to  know  him  bcst,<ind  althoui:li 
he  pursued  the  even  tenor  of  an  uneventful  life,  he 
made  upon  the  records  of  passing  time  a  name  that 
mounted  high  in  the  ladder  of  local  fame,  the  name 
of  an  honored  and  useful  citizen.     He  was  a  man  of 


dignified  presence  and  keen  intelligence.  His  aim 
and  ambition  guided  him  to  show  by  works  that 
every  life  should  be  a  valuable  purpose,  ami  as  far  as 
it  lay  inHiis  power  he  exemplified  that  theory  in  his 
walk  and  cojiversatiou.  The  cause  of  religion  ilnd 
education  ever  found  in  him  a  warm  advocate  and 
zealous  laborer,  and  that  he  strictly  fulfilled  the  duties 
of  father  in  the  training  of  his  children  needs  but  the 
declaration  that  his  sons  and  daughters  occupy  to- 
day conspicucnis  places  among  the  intelligent  and 
respected  members  of  the  communities  in  which  they 
reside.  As  a  fitting  tribute  to  his  worth,  this  article 
m.ay  well  include  an  extract  from  the  words  written 
by  his  pastor  upon  the  occasion  of  his  death,  as  fol- 

"The  subject  of  this  was  a  man  of  more  than  ordi- 
nary worth,  and  his  death  seems  to  merit  more  than 
j  a  mere  passing  notice.     Descended  from  one  of  the 
I  earliest   settlers   of   Lancaster   County,   he   had   his 
birth,  lived,  and  died  upon  the  homestead  of  his  an- 
j  cestors.     His  body  now  rests  in  the  cemetery  of  the 
I  New  Holland  Lutheran  Church,  hard  by  the  remains 
of  three  generations  of  his  ancestry.    With  his  strong 
mind,  his  warm,  generous  heart,  and  his  genial  social 
qualities,  he  afforded  a  noble   type  of  true  German 
character  Americanized.     Although  baptized  in  his 
j  infancy,  ami    ever    interested    in    the  church  of  his 
:  fathers,  and  a  devout   worshiper  with  God's  people, 
it  was  only  some  nine  years  ago  tliat  he  could  see  his 
way  ch'arly  to  I'atify  his  baptismal  covenant  and  be 
'  admitted  to  the  communion  of  the  church.    We  have 
known  him  with  special  intiiiiacv  since  that  day,  and 
I  we  have  ever  found  him  clear  in  his  coiivicli.. ns,  firm 
I  in   the  true  faith  of  to.il'.s  word,  and   f.iithful  to  his 
!  known   Christian   duties.     Although    he  resided  be- 
I  tween  five  and  six  miles  from  his  churt- h,  it  was  a  rare 
I  thing  to  find  him  ahsent  frcan  God's  house  on  Sunday 
morning,  and   in  all  these  years  he  never  missed  a 
single  one  of  the  fi.iur  communions  a  year.     He  was 
the  delegate  from  the  New  Holland  Lutheran  Cliurcli 
to  the  meeting  of  the  Pennsylvania  Synod,  in  Lan- 
I  caster,  three  years  ago.     In  his  death  the  Lutheran 
Church   has   lost  a  devoted   member,  and   his  pastor 
and  congregation,  but  especially  his  family,  have  sus- 
tained a  loss  that  will  long  be  painfully  felt." 


CHAPT 

•:u   LIL 

wvsv  i-;.\Ki. 

■JOWNSIIII'.' 

A  I'ETITIOX  was  present 

ed  to  tlie  Court  of  Quarter 

Ses.sions  at  the  April  ten 

1,  1S28,  asking  that  a  new 

township  be  made  out  ..f 

>ails  (jf  Cocalico  and  Ivirl 

as    l.y    houndane-,    ,le-enl. 

1    which   then   formed  an 

electi.m    district.      TiMm    I 

Ills   request  the  court  ap- 

hu  hioturj'  uf  Ei.rl  t 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


pointed  William  Gibbons,  Adam  Reigart,  and  Chis- 
tian  H.  Ranch  a  comniittei;  to  examine  tlie  territory 
and  report.  On  the  18th  of  August,  the  same  year, 
their  report  was  presented  to  the  court,  stating  that 
"we  have  viewed  the  said  township  of  Earl,  and  are 
of  opinion  tliat  the  vast  extent  of  the  said  township 
being  entirely  too  remote  to  get  that  equal  justice 
done  by  the  different  township  officers  as  might  be 
desirable,  we  therefore  have  further  proceeded  and 
have  divided  the  said  township  in  manner  following, 
to  wit:  Reginning  at  a  post  on  the  Lancaster  and 
New  Holland  turnpike  road,  being  the  division  line 
between  the  townships  of  Earl  and  Leacock,  near  the 
house  lately  occupied  by  John  Sheaffcr,  excluding 
the  same;  from  thence  extending  by  a  division  line 
running  north  six  degrees  and  one-half  west  one 
thousand  four  and  forty  perches  to  a  post  on  the 
Downingtown,  Ephrata,  and  Harrisburg  turnpike 
road  near  the  intersection  of  a  private  road  from  the 
late  Andrew  Bitzer's  dwelling-house  ;  thence  along 
the  line  dividing  the  townships  of  Cocalico  and  Earl 
to  the  line  dividing  Earl  and  Leacock;  and  thence 
along  said  line  to  the  place  of  beginning,  which  said 
described  part  of  said  township  is  to  be  called  West 
Earl,  and  all  the  remaining  part  to  be  called  East 
Earl  township. 

'■  Witness  our  hands  this  Dth  day  of  July,  1828. 
"  \Vu,l,IA^r  GiiiiioN.s. 
"Ai.AM  Ri:ii,Ain\ 

"Clllll>TlAX    11.   llAl'llI." 

This  report  was  read  on  the  18th  of  August,  1828, 
and  the  subject  was  held  in  abeyance  until  18ii3,  when, 
on  the  18th  of  November  in  that  year,  the  Court  of 
Quarter  Sessions  confirmed  the  action  of  the  commit- 
tee, and  the  township  from  that  time  became  sejiarale. 
The  portion  however,  mentioned  at  that  time  as  East 
Earl  was  Earl  township,  and  in  1851  was  again  di- 
vided and  the  eastern  portion  named  East  Earl. 
The  central  [Portion  of  the  jjarent  township  re- 
mained as  Earl.  The  new  township  at  the  time  of 
its  separation  contained  eleven  thousand  three  hun- 
dred and  ninety  acres  and  three  hundred  and  forty- 
five  taxables. 

Justices  of  the  Peace.— The  justices  of  the  peace 
who  held  jurisdiction  i.vcr  tliis  tDWnslup  were  eiji- 
braced  in  Earl  until  the  ilivi^icm  in  1833;  from  that 
time  till  1840  the  town-hii.  was  under  the  juri.sdic- 
tion  of  the  district  to  whicli  Earl  belonged,  liy  the 
constitution  of  183!)  each  township  became  a  sejiarate 
organization.     The  list  is  here  given  : 

Sauiuol  W.  Gruff,  April  11,  1S40.  ,  A.  E.  Sollur,  April,  1800. 

Guurge  ll.-e.l,  Apiil  14,  1840.  |  E/.lii  liuikh..liliT,  Apill,  1808. 

Praiicia  OirpwUcr,  ApiU  1.1,  1843.  j  Williii]]i  K.iflolh,  April,  1S70. 

Andrew  Burr,  April  15,  1S1.5.  j  Lul.nr  lUmcli,  April,  lH7'.i. 

Julin  Siiiiy.lcr,  April  l:l,  1S47.  !  K/.ru  UurkhuMor,  April,  1873. 

1-rulicis    II.    Ciirpuulur,    April    9,  |  li.  II.  liujkl.uM*. ,  Ap.il,  1S70. 

1850.  I  Ruilolph  Kriiiikhuuse,  1S78. 

Ezra  Burkl.oWer,  April  IB,  1851.  |  K.  11.  inirkliul.l.T,  IH8-J. 

L.  E.  lluikliul.liT,  A|>ril  24,  MM.  \  Julin  1'.  LIoIj,  1SS3. 

Ituubuci  K.  Uilnur,  April  14, 1803.  | 


Early  Settlers. — The  first  settler  in  what  is  now 
West  I'-arl  township  was  Hans  Graaf.  He  was  a 
refugee  from  Switzerland,  and  about  1G9G  emigrated 
to  Gijrmantown,  where  he  remained  several  years, 
and  removed  in  1717  to  the  Pe'iuea  Valley,  and 
while  hunting  for  stray  horses  found  his  way  into 
the  vale  since  known  as  Grofl's  Dale.  This  spot  >o 
pleased  him  tiiat  he  removed  his  family  to  the  place, 
and  .soon  after  purchased  a  large  tract  of  land  con- 
taining fourteen  hundred  and  nineteen  acres.  He 
built  a  small  house  within  twenty  yards  of  the  old 
and  present  mansion.  He  died  in  174G,  leaving  six 
s(uis  and  three  daughters, — Peter,  Samuel,  Mark, 
Daniel,  Hans,  David,  Anna  (wife  of  Peter  Good), 
JIary,  and  Veronica,  the  wife  of  Henry  Landis. 
David  built  the  old  mansion  house.  The  next  to 
settle  in  the  limits  of  the  present  township  was 
Henry  Zimmerman,  or  Carpenter.  He  emigrated  to 
this  country  from  the  canton  of  Berne  in  the  year 
1G86,  and  located  in  or  near  Germantown,  where  he 
remained  several  years  and  then  returned  to  his  native 
land.  In  170(3  he  brought  out  to  this  country  his 
family  and  settled  in  Germantown.  About  1709  he 
came  to  what  is  iiow  \\\>t  Lampeter,  near  Lamjieter 
Square,  and  settled  down  to  practice  his  jjrofession, 
which  was  that  of  a  physician.  In  or  about  the  vi-ar 
1717  he  purchased  a  ^arge  tract  of  land  in  what  is 
now  West  Earl  township,  and  erected  a  small  log 
bouse  in  the  valley,  where  he  lived  until  the  erection 
of  the  large  stone  liouse,  which  is  still  standing,  soiitli- 
west  from  Carpenter's  Church,  and  now  owned  by 
Mr.  Lefevre. 

Henry  /iuimerinan  (or  Carpenter)  had  several 
children,  of  wliom  were  Emanuel,  Henry,  Jacob, 
John,  and  two  daughters.  Emanuel  was  born  in 
1702  in  the  canton  of  lierne.  He  became  prominent 
in  the  history  of  the  county,  and  at  the  time  of  his 
death,  in  1780,  was  one  of  the  justices  of  the  Ci>urt  of 
Common  Pleas.  The  sons  and  daughters  of  Henry 
Carpenter  married  and  settled  around  him.  Dr.  Heiiiy 
Cari>enter,  of  Lancaster,  is  of  the  fifth  generation 
from  Henry  Carpenter,  the  original  settler.  The  de- 
scenilants  are  numerous.  Soon  after  the  settlement 
of  Henry  Carpenter  in  this  section  other  families 
came  in,  among  whom  are  theScliaeffers,  Rifes,  Mmii- 
mas,  Johns,  Carvers,  Kafroths,  and  many  otliers,  who 
settled  in  dillcrent  parts  of  the  township. 

Mills.— West  Earl  boasta  of  having  had  within  her 
bounds  one  oi'  the  first,  and  perhaps  the  first  mill 
erected  in  Lancaster  County.  This  stood  on  the 
south  side  of  the  Conestoga,  right  at  the  point  where 
the  Cocalico  unites  its  waters  with  that  stream  ;  it 
was  made  a  corner  of  Warwick  township  when  that 
district  was  organized  in  1720,  and  only  through  tliat 
fact  has  its  existence  been  preserved  from  utter  ob- 
livion. How  long  it  was  there  prior  to  that  date  is 
unknown.  A  visit  to  the  spot  (Aug.  29,  187(1)  resulted 
in  a  verification  of  the  record;  the  mill-race  still  ex- 
ists as  distinctly  and  plainly  as  it  did  one  hundred 


WEST   EARL   TOWNSHIP. 


and  fifty-four  years  ago,  although  no  memory  or  tra-  | 
dition  of  it  has  survived  among  those  wlio  live  near  I 
the  spot.  An  ancient  deed,  covering  the  spot,  was 
also  found,  and  mentions  it  as  a  mill-site,  and  speaks  | 
of  the  mill-race,  but  the  mill  had  even  then  disap-  j 
peared.  Hans  Graaf,  the  first  settler  in  these  town- 
ships, was  the  builder  and  owner  of  this  early  mill. 

West  Earl  contains  six  grist-mills  within  her  bound- 
aries, each,  save  one,  with  a  saw-mill  attached, — H.  B. 
Grabill's,  Wolfs  (now  ^Venger's),  JIartin's,  and  Burk- 
holder's  (formerly  Bitzer's) ;  these  are  all  on  the  Con-  j 
estoga.      On    Groffs   Run    are  two   more,  Abraham 
Grolf's  and  Abraham  Martin's,  and  also  a  saw-mill 
owned  by  Benjamin  Sheafter.    There  are  likewise  two  i 
woolen-factories  in  the  township,  John  K.  Zook's,  on  } 
the  Cocalico,  and  .Jacob  Musselman's,  on  Groff's  Run  ; 
this  latter  is  an  ancient  and  rather  imposing  struc- 
ture, bulk   near  the   place  where    Hans    Graaf  first  | 
located. 

Churches. — Ihere  are  lour  churches  in  the  town- 
ship: one  at  Brownstown,  denominated  Evangelical ;  j 
Carpenter's,  a  Union  ;  and   two   Mennonite,   one  at 
Metzler's,  and  the  other  in  Groff's  Dale. 

Quite  close  to  Henry  B.  Graybill's  mill  there  is  an  i 
ancient  Indian  burial-place.     It  is  on  a  hill  of  some 
elevation,  and  was  formerly  overshadowed  by  lofty 
forest  trees.     The  camp-fires  of  the  race  that  quietly 
sleep  beneath  it  once  burned  brightly  on  the  hills  and  [ 
in  the  valleys  that  are  lying  around  it.    The  rippling 
waters  of  the  Coiiestoga,  over  whose  bosom  they  once  i 
glided,  are  their  only  requiem.  I 

"And  \vlio  were  they,  tlio  double  dead?  | 

Now  o'er  them  wiives  oblivious  sing;  1 

No  boding  trace  of  glory  fled 

Round  their  mute  bhnuos  Is  liugerillg; 


The  graveyard  connected  with  Carpenter's  Church 
is  much  older  than  the  building  itself,  and  the  ground 
was  donated  for  burial  purposes  by  a  person  named 
Casson,  and  was  made  free  to  all  denominations. 

Henry  Landis,  one  of  the  sons-in-law  of  Hans 
Graaf,  on  Jan.  17,  1775,  gave  one  acre  of  land  for 
the  purposes  of  a  burying-ground  to  certain  persons, 
in  trust,  for  their  use  and  that  of  the  neighborhood 
for  ever.  This  is  the  graveyard  in  Groff's  Dale,  and 
was  so  used  many  years  prior  to  its  conveyance  by 
the  deed  of  trust. 

Schools. — The  first  school  known  to  have  been 
taught  in  what  is  now  West  Earl  township,  was  soon 
after  the  Revolutionary  war.  John  Carpenter  lived 
near  the  present  site  of  Bolmerstown,  and  taught  the 
school  in  his  own  house  for  many  years.  Shortly  af- 
terwards a  log  school-house  was  built  at  Bolmerstown, 
another  at  David  Martin's,  and  a  third  at  Kemper's, 
on  the  Conestoga.  These  were  the  earliest  West  Eail 
schools,  and,  like  all  the  rest,  were  built  by  the  vol- 
untary ( trihutions  of- the  citizens.     ^Schools   were 

kept  in  the  manner  mentioned  above  until  1847.     Km- 


some  reason  the  people  of  this  section  did  not  see  fit 
to  accept  the  provisions  of  the  school  law  passed  in 
1834,  and  jireferred  the  old  system. 

In  184?  the  |)ublic  school  liad  so  far  become  estab- 


lished that  the  people  of  tl 
to  accept  the*  provisions  ( 
there  were  five  hundred  an 
town    liable  for  ta.xation 
township  was  divided  into 


is  township  felt  compelled 
f  the  law.  At  that  time 
d  tnity-five  taxubles  in  the 

eight  school  districts,  and 
in  1855  there  were  four  hundred  and  seventeen  pupils. 
The  total  amount  of  money  raised  for  school  purposes 
was  §1919.39.  In  1882  the  districts  had  been  increased 
to  ten  districts,  the  number  of  pupils  were  five  hun- 
dred. The  amount  of  money  received  from  all  sources 
was  $5443,  the  amount  expended  was  §5100.40. 

The  township  contains  three  villages  and  several 
hamlets,— Farmersville,  Brownstown,  Earlville,  and 
West  Earl. 

The  village  of  Farmersville  is  situated  on  the  Lan- 
caster and  Hinkletown  road.  The  fir-t  hou-e  was 
built  in  1843,  by  Eckert  Myers.  A  post-otEce  was  es- 
tablished in  1855,  at  which  time  the  village  took  its 
name.  Dr.  C.  F.  Groff  was  appointed  postmaster, 
and  served  till  about  ISGO,  when  S.  M.  Seldomridge, 
the  present  postmaster,  was  appointed. 

In  1847,  E.  Bnrkholdcr  cq.ened  a  printing-office, 
which  is  still  continued.  In  connection  with  it,  in 
1874,  E.  H.  Burkholder  and  W.  J.  Kaforth  established 
a  newspaper  called  The  West  Earl  Banner,  which  was 
discontinued  in  1877.  In  the  next  year,  E.  H.  Burk- 
holder and  M.  S.  Weber  started  The  Guidlmj  Star,  a 
religious  paper.  Mr.  Weber  retired  in  1879,  W .  J. 
Kafroth  purchasing  his  interest.  The  paper  is  now 
published  by  Burkholder  &  Kafroth. 

In  1880,  M.  S.  Weber  opened  a  printing-office  and 
started  a  paper  called  The  Matrimonial  Times,  which 
still  continues,  under  the  name  of  The  Matrimonial 
Jieriew.  The  town  is  supplied  with  an  abundance  of 
water  from  a  well  situated  on  a  hill  northeast  from 
the  town,  and  which  is  brought  down  in  pipes. 

Brownstown,  in  lioint  of  size  and  importance,  is 
the  second  town  in  West  Earl.  It  is  located  on  the 
direct  mail-route  between  Lancaster,  Fairville,  and 
Reading.  The  first  Ijuil.iing  was  put  up  many  years 
ago,  since  which  time  the  place  has  progressed  stead- 
ily. A  post-ofiice  was  established  about  1860.  A.  K. 
Homberger  is  the  |)rescnt  |)ostmaster. 

The  town  contains  two  dry-goods  stores,  two  black- 
smith-shops, one  carpenter-shop,  one  hotel,  one  tailor- 
shop,  one  saddle-  and  harness-maker,  one  cigar  manu- 
factory, one  btitclier-sho|i,  one  wagon-maker,  one  shoe- 
shop,  two  school-hinises,  one  Evangelical  Church,  to 
which  there  is  belonging  a  grove,  in  which  camp- 
meetings  have  been  annually  held  for  a  long  series  of 


A.moeting-1 

ouse  w; 

s   erected  by  the  Evangelical 

Association  al 

out  twe 

ity  years  ago,  and  is  sup]. lied 

by  pastors  froi 

1  the  lu 

iding  District. 

Earlville  is 

situated 

about  a  mile  soutli  of  I'.rowns- 

HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


town.     A  flniir-iiiill   was  erocteil   on   tlie  site  cif  tlio 
i.rosiMit    villa-i'    mvci;iI    years    before    ISOfl.      It   was 


Isaac  Carpenter  kept  a  tavern  at  tlie  [ilacc  between 
18:20  anil  18:iG.  Wlien  tlie  townsliip  was  separated 
from  Earl,  in  18;'13,  the  i)lace  assumed  the  name  of 
Earlville.  It  now  contains  ii  store,  hotel,  mill,  selio.,1 
house,  sli.ie---liop,  two  carriage-sliojis,  blacksniith- 
sliop,  ciirar-lactorv,  and  a  cluircli  (Carpenter's  Union). 
In  1824  the  Carpenter  Church  was  erected  of  stone, 
and  for  the  use  of  Christians  of  all  denominations. 
Services  are  held  bv  the  Lutheran,  German  Reformed, 


.V  little  hamlet   has  L'rown 
be  known  years  aiio  a.  Form 
the  old  Reading  road.     The 
West  Earl.     The  \\'est  l^arl  i 
bv  Jacob  L.  Erb. 


what  used  • 


kepi 


BIOORAPHICAL    SKETCH. 

JOIOL  WKXtiEK. 
The  original  ancestor  of  the  Wenger  fomily  in  this 
country  was  Christian  Wenger,  or  Winger,  as  tlie 
name  was  then  spelled,  wdio  emigrated  from  Switzer- 
land to  Americii  about  the  year  1727.  On  June  10, 
1741,  he  had  deeded  to  him  by  John,  Thomas,  and 
Richard  I'enn,  two  hundred  and  eighty-nine  acres  of 
land,  in  what  was  then  Earl  township  (now  West 
I'^arl),  the  consi<leration  for  the  conveyance  being 
forty-foiir  pounds  .^ixtrcn  shillings.  The  site  of  tlic 
old  homestead  is  M ill  o,;eiipie,l  by  a  direct  descendant 
of  the -evcnth  generation,  Michael  E.  Wenger.  Chris 
tian  Wen-cr  had  by  hi.  wilr,  Eve,  whose  mai.len  name 
is  not  knowili,  tlnve  miii-^,  Mieliael,  John,  an. I  Henry, 
and  a  .laUL'hter,  who  b.eauie  the  wife  of  (diri-lian 
Weaver.  Mieliaid,  in  linn,  oreupied  J.art  of  the  .dd 
h.niK-tead,  deeded  to  bin.  by  his  falh.-r  in  1701,  and 
was  the  father  ,<(  Krv,  .loMpi,  Wen-er,  who  occupied 
the  old  pl.Hc,  and  was  th.'  father  of  llev.  .Michael 
Wenger,  who  n-sidcd  on  llie  same  spot,  and  was  the 
father  of  Jo.seph  Wenger,  grandfalher  of  llie  subject 
of  this  sketch. 

Joseph  Wenger  also  occupied  the  ancestral  site  of 
his  I'amily  during  his  lifetime.  He  married,  and  had 
a  family  of  three  sons,  viz.,  Michael,  Benjamin,  and 
Daniel,  all  of  whom  were  born  on  tlic  old  place. 
Michael,  the  eldest,  upon  reaching  years  of  discre- 
tion, removed  about  a  mile  south  of  the  homestead, 
where  .Alartin  Rupp  now  lives,  in  West  Earl  town- 
ship, where  he  passed  his  life  as  a  farmer.  He  was  a 
man  of  influence  and  prominence  in  his  day,  and  was 
held  ill  universal  resj>ect.  He  married  Elizabeth, 
(laughter  of  Marks  Grotf,  and  had  a  family  of  twelve 


ehildren,  of  whom  ten  attained  adult  age,  viz.,  Marks, 
C.abriel,  .Michael  (deceased),  Joel,  Menno,  Jlartha 
iwh..  inanicd  Levi  (irolf,  of  We.st  Earl),  Maria  (wlio 
nianied  Cliii-tian  McUinger,  ol'  Strasburg  township), 
.^ii-;u.na,  (who  Imm:,iii,.  the  wHe  of  Henjamiir  West- 
lull. r,  oP  Wavne  C.iinly.dliio),  Elizabeth  (who  niar- 
ne.l  li.Mijaiiiin  1».  Mover,  of  Strasburg),  and  Fanny 
(wh.,  marrie.l  lleiijamin  B.  Grolf,  of  East  Lampeter). 
Marks  Wenger  re.^i.b's  in  Leacock  township,  Gabriel, 
in  West  Lampeter,  and  Mennft,  in  Lancaster. 

.1.1.  I  Wenger  was  born  on  his  father's  homestead, 
in  West  Earl,  on  March  8,  1825.  His  earlier  years 
were  [la.sscd  upon  the  paternal  farm  and  in  attendance 
upon  the  district  schools  of  the  neighborhood.  At 
the  age  of  nineteen  he  went  to  learn  the  milling  busi- 
ness with  Jacob  AVolf,  at  West  Earl,  on  the  site  of  his 
liresent  mill.  After  a  few  weeks  spent  at  that  point 
he  entered  the  mill  of  his  uncle,  Daniel  Groff,  at  Mill 
Creek,  Leacock  t'.wiiship,  aii.l  remained  there  until 
the  death  of  his  father,  in  1S47.  At  that  time  the 
paternal  farm  was  divi.le.l,  his  brother  Michael  re- 
ceiving one  part  .d  the  larm  and  Joel  the  other. 
Michael  died  at  the  early  age  of  thirty-five.  Joel 
continued  to  resi.k-  .m  and  cultivate  his  farm  until 
1862,  wdien  he  .li-poscd  .d'  it  to  Benjamin  D.  Moyer, 
and  purchased  the  mill-pr.iperty  of  Jacob  Wolf  at 
West  Earl,  where  he  has  since  continued  in  the  mill- 
ing business.  At  the  time  of  the  purchase  of  the 
mill  it  was  run  on  the  old  process  of  grinding  with 
burrs,  but  in  1.881  it  was  remodeled  into  a  roller-mill, 
and  is  now  one  of  the  best  equifiped  and  finest  mill- 
properties  in  Lancaster  County,  having  a  capacity  of 
grinding  one  hundred  barrels  of  flour  in  twenty-four 
hours.  While  a  large  amount  of  domestic  grinding 
is  done  for  local  farmers,  the  princijial  business  of 
the  mill  is  confined  to  the  mercliant  trade,  large 
.liiantities  of  flour  being  shipped  to  Philadelphia  and 
other  point*.  The  principal  brands  are  known  .as 
"  l',rown>town  Mills,"  -  I'.uv  the  Best,"  "  I'eerless," 
and  "CI.!  l»u.t,"'the  la^t  'tw..  l.n.n.ls  having  been 
i„lr...lu.-c.l  uii.b^r  the  i..ller  -yst.-m.  In  18S:!,  Mr. 
Wcii-cr  a. In, ill, '.1  bis  --.HI,  (Mayt..n  S.  Wenger,  int.) 
partii._r~liip  uith  liiiii,  aii.l  the  linn  is  n.,w  known  as 
J., el  Wenger  .t  S.,n.  In  a.i.iiti.iu  U,  his  milling  oper- 
ations, Mr  Wenger  i^  engageii  ipiite  extensively  in 
the  eiiltivalion  ..f  t.d.aceo.  He  has  confined  his  life- 
work  to  the  niaiiM-jiiiient  of  his  own  jirivate  concerns, 
anil  has  always  ndii-i  .1  to  a.-ccpt  imlilic  oUice.  He  has 
supported  with  a  liberal  lian.l  all  movements  tending 
to  the  material  improvement  of  his  native  county, 
and  been  in  general  sympathy  witii  the  various  evan- 
gelical institutions  of  liis  time.  His  personal  honor 
and  integrity  have  never  been  called  into  question. 

He  maj-ricd,  in  1.848,  Anna  JL  Swarr,  daughter  ol 
Martin  and  Elizabeth  Mellinger,  of  East  Hempfiel.l 
townshif),  and  has  had  seven  children,  of  whom  five 
are  living,  viz.:  Clayton  S.,  Lizzie  (wife  of  Amos 
Staufl'er,  of  East  Lampeter),  Susan  (wife  of  Clarence 
V.   Lichtey,  of    Lancaster),   A.   Lincoln,   and   Alice 


EDKN   TOWNSHIP. 


B25 


Wen<;er.  His  first  wife  died  Dec.  30,  1872,  and  on 
Jan.  11,  1882,  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Sallie, 
d;uif,'litcr  of  Peter  and  Mary  Kafrotli,  of  W(^st  Earl 
township,  who  is  liis  present  uifi'.  ('liiytonS.  Wenger 
has  serve<l  as  freeliolder  of  Wrst  lOail,  and  is  an  iii- 


C  II  A  P  T  E  R    LIU. 


The  townsliip  of  Eden  was  set  off  from  Bart  by  a 
decree  of  tlie  court  in  1855.  At  the  time  of  its  erec- 
tion, a  citizen  of  the  townsliip,  George  W.  Hensel, 
who  was  an  ardent  admirer  of  Henry  Clay,  proposed 
the  name  Asiiland,  the  residence  of  that  statesman, 
for  the  new  townshij) ;  but  through  the  intluence  of 
other  parties,  the  name  Eden,  after  Slouiit  Eden, 
where  a  furnace  was  once  located,  was  ado|>tcd. 

The  township  is  bounded  on  the  north  by  Stras- 
burg  and  Paradise,  on  the  cast  by  P.. at,  si.utli  by 
Colerain  and  Drumorc,  and  we^t  by  l)ru[iiore,  Provi- 
dence, and  Strasburg. 

The  surface  is  njUiiig  or  hilly,  cxcei't  in  the  Chester 
Valley,  wliich  has  its  head  in  this  township,  and 
cro-sses  it  in  a)i  ea-terly  .lirrction.  In  thi-  vallcv  is  a 
limestone    soil    whirl,'  is    .piile    produrti ve.      In    the 

system  of  .-ultivalion  it  is  being  rapidly  inipnned. 

The  townshi])  is  crossed  by  tlie  West  Branch  of  the 
Oclorara  Creek,  which  luis  its  source  in  the  mnlh- 
eastern  part  and  runs  southerly.  It  alfonls  availa- 
abie  water-power,  though  there  are  U-w  mills  un  it 
here.  The  western  part  of  the  townshij.  is  ilrained 
by  Beaver  Creek  and  its  affluents,  and  un  tliest' 
streams  are  nuitjerous  mills.  Crossing  the  touiisiiip 
in  a  northeasterly  direction  is  a  watershed  of  not  veiv 


Tiie  principal  highways  are  the  State  road  that 
runs  from  Mr( 'all's  Furry  to  Parkesburg,  and  i)asscs 
thniugh  the  township  in  the  Chester  Valley.  This 
road  was  in  an  early  day  an  important  thoroughfare. 
Another  important  higlnvay,  called  the  Wiiite-Oak 
road,  crosses  the  township  in  a  northerly  direction, 
following  the  course  of  the  West  Branch  by  Jlount 
Eden,  crossing  the  ridge  beyond,  and  jiassing  into 
Strasburg  township.  What  was  formerly  known  as 
the  Dry  Wells  road  leads  soutlieasterly  from  (^uar- 
ryville  to  Colerain  township.  This  road  has  hmg 
been  an  important  one  for  the  transportation  of  lime 
from  the  kilns  at  Quarryville  to  tlie  regions  south 
and  east  from  thai  place.  In  latter  years  it  has 
aecjuired  additional  importamr,  as  have  all  other 
roads  leading  to  (.Juan yvillr,  bec.lusc  of  that  place 


being  the  terminus  of  tlie  Lancaster  and  Quarryville 
Railroad. 

Industries.— The  |irincipal  business  of  the   people 

bacco  is  an  important  industry.  No  important  man- 
ufacturing industry  exists  in  the  township  e.xcept 
that  of  lime,  which  is  extensively  jn-osecuted  at 
(Juarryville. 

The  mineral  resources  of  the  township  consist  of 
extensive  beds  of  iron  ore,  wdiich  are  known  to  exist 
in  dilferent  localities.  Of  these  one  known  as  the 
Conowingo  mine,  near  the  northern  border  of  tlie 
townshij),  was  worked  in  the  first  decade  of  the  pres- 
ent century.  The  ore  taken  from  this  mine  was 
smelted  at  Conowingo  Purnace.  After  this  furnace 
was  abandoned  the  mine  became  the  property  of 
Cabine  &  Co.,  of  Philadelphia,  who  worked  it  during 
several  years,  and  sold  the  ore  at  Lancaster,  to  which 


Ml 


;h  it  has  not  hien  worked.  It  is  be- 
V  to  Ije  a  rich  mine.  .lust  before  the 
'ahine  a  branch  railroad  was  built  to 
this  mine  Ironi  a  point  on  tlie  Lancaster  and  Quarry- 
ville Railn.ad,  two  miles  above  Quarryville. 

About  onc-lourth  of  a  mile  east  from  the  Conowingo 
mine  am.lher  was  ,,p,iied  :h  early  as  1  SliS  by  A.  .t  J. 
Wilhers,  and  the  ore  t:d.en  therefrom  \n  as  smelted  at 
the  Mount  Eden  Furnace,  which  they  carried  on. 
After  the  al,andonnieiit  of  that  furnace/the  mine  was 
not  worked  during  a  long  time,  but  about  ten  years 
since  it  was  leased  by  the  Jlontgomery  Iron  Com- 
pany, and  by  them  operated  a  short  time.  About  the 
commencement  of  the  year  1SS2  it  was  purchased  by 
Shiiltz  &  Hess,  and  by  them  it  has  been  successfully 
worked  since.  The  ore  is  taken  in  wagons  to  the 
Lancaster  and   tiuarryville   Railroad,   a  distance   of 


This  is 


lertv 


ihrStatr  r 
Messrs.  \V 


irly 


.  Ilel, 


ore  was  m.t  consi.hat-d  of  a  -ood  ,|Uality,  and  the  bed 
was  not  long  worked.  A  mine  was  .some  ten  years 
since  0|iened  on  the  Livingston  property,  adjoining 
this,  by  Jlyers  &  ilildebrand,  and  the  ore  is  shipped 
from  Quarryville  Station.  The  ore  produceil  from 
all  these  mines  is  of  the  variety  called  hematite. 

.Mount  iCden  Furnace  whs  originally  built  by  John- 
Withers,  Sr.  In  the  spring  of  18:17  it  was  repaired, 
and  in  that  year  it  was  put  in  l.last  by  Augustus  and 
John,  Jr.,  the  sons  of  John  Wilhers.  "  The  enterprise 
was  not  highly  sncces-tul  beraose  of  the  dilliculty  of 
supplying  the  furnaee  with  a  sullieient  ipiantity  of 
ore,  and  in  184:5  operations  wire  <liscontinued.  The 
original  John  Withers,  «ilh  his  brother  George  and 
others,  built  Itnsb  Fnrnace,  in  .Harford  Countv,  Md., 
as  well    as    the   Conowingo  and   Mount  Eden  Works. 


826 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


The  different  members  of  the  Witliers   family  liave 
been  highly  intelligent  and  useful  citizens.  ! 

'  Mills.' — Shultz's  mill,  at  Camargo,  \va.s  erected  in 
ISliO  by  Benjamin  Breneman,  and  was  conducted  by 
him  about  fifteen  years.  It  then  became  the  jiroperty 
of  his  brother,  Henry  Breneman,  who  rented  it  to  dif- 
ferent parties  during  eigiiteen  years,  when  it  was  pur- 
chased by  the  present  proprietor.  Christian  H.Shult/.. 
It  is  a  brick  mill,  with  four  runs  of  stones.  Mr.Shultz  I 
put  an  engine  of  twelve  horse-power  in  the  mill  to 
meet  e.xigencies  of  drouth.  It  is  both  a  merchant  ; 
anil  custom  mill.  A  saw-mill  was  built  at  about  the 
time  the  grist-mill  was  erected,  and  this  is  still  run- 

Millville  mill,  in  the  southern  part  of  Eden  town- 
ship, on  West  Branch,  was  built  by  Christian  II. 
Shultz  in  1870,  and  he  has  conducted  it  since  to  the 
present  time.  It  is  a  framed  building,  and  has  three 
runs  of  stones.  It  is  both  a  custom  and  a  merchant 
mill.  A  saw-mill  wa.s  in  existence  at  the  site  of  this 
mill  when  Mr.  Shultz  i)urchased  the  property,  but  the 
(late  of  its  erection  cannot  be  easily  learned.  It  is 
said  that  William  Downing  erected  a  grist-mill  on 
this  site  in  1754,  and  that  large  quantities  of  grain 
were  stored  here  during  the  Revolution  for  the  Amer- 
ican army  while  at  Valley  Forge. 

The  Bassler  mill,  on  a  branch  of  the  Big  Beaver 
Creek,  in  Eden  township,  was  built  by  John  Basskr 
about  1825,  and  was  by  him  owned  and  operated  till 
his  death  in  1855.  It  then  became  the  property  of 
his  son,  Christian  B.  Bassler,  who  conducted  it  two 
years,  then  rented  it  to  dilferent  parties  till  1882,  when 
it  was  sold  to  Henry  H.  Lefevre,  who  soon  sold  it  to 
the  present  proprietor,  B.  F.  Fhjrey.  The  building 
is  partly  of  stone  and  partly  a  framed  >tructure,  and 
it  has  two  runs  of  stones.     It  is  a  cu-lnm  mill. 

Hotels.— A  tavern  was  kept  on  the  south  side  of 
the  road  near  Camargo  early  in  the  present  century. 
The  keepers  of  this  house  that  are  remembered  were 
James  McCall!  Samuel  Overly,  and  Joseph  McFhu. 
It  ceased  to  be  kept  as  a  public-house  about  tin-  year 
1859. 

At  Hawksville,  as  elsewhere  stated,  an  inn  was  kept 
by  Jacob  Hawks  during  many  years.  It  ceased  to  be 
an  inn  about  18G1.  Two  sons  and  two  daughters  of 
Mr.  Hawks  still  reside  in  the  house. 

The  "Dry  Wells"  was  a  somewhat  noted  place  in 
former  times.  It  was  on  the  top  of  a  ridge  <ine  and 
a  half  miles  east  from  Quarryville,  and  it  acquired 
jts  name  from  the  fact  that  several  wells  were  sunk 
there  before  water  was  found.  It  was  first  kept  as  a 
public-house  by  Patrick  Ferry,  and  afterwards  by 
Samuel  Sharj),  who  had  married  the  widow  of  Ferry 
alter  his  death.  It  was  a  place  where  the  'Mjoy.s" 
often  met  to  enjoy  the  conviviality  that  was  jire- 
valent  there,  and  many  tales  were  told  of  the  amusing 
scenes  that  occurred  at  the  houss  and  iu  its  vicinity. 


It  was  a  common  saying  when  one  was  seen  with  a 
large  brick  in  his  hat,  "  He  has  been  at  the  Dry 
Wells."  The  building  was  burned  in  the  autumn 
of    lS44,.and    no    public-house   has   since   been    ke[it 

Mount  Ed'en  Lutheran  Church.-— This  is  located 
about  fiurteen  miles  southeast  from  Lancaster  City. 
The  building,  which  was  erected  in  1878,  was  the  re- 
sult of  services  held  in  Bowery  school-house  by  Rev. 
J.  V.  Eckert  during  about  one  year,  at  intervals  of  a 
few  weeks.  The  peo|de  began  to  feel  the  need  of  a 
church,  and  in  the  month  of  March,  1878,  a  meeting 
was  held  to  consider  the  matter,  and  it  was  decided 
to  build  a  Lutheran  Church,  in  wdiioh  other  evan- 
gelical denominations  should  have  the  privilege  of 
holding  services.  Rev.  J.  V.  Eckert,  B.  B.  Myers, 
Jacob  Eckman,  Joseph  Wimer,  and  Samuel  A.  Keen 
were  appointed  the  building  committee,  and  in  the 
following  May  the  corner-stone  was  laid.  The  house 
was  completed  in  October  of  the  same  year,  but  in  con- 
sequence of  injury  to  it  by  a  severe  storm  it  was  not 
dedicated  till  May,  1879.  It  was  the  first  church  erected 
in  the  township  of  Eden.  It  is  a  brick  structure, 
thirty-five  by  forty -three  feet  in  size,  and  a  cemetery 
is  connected  with  it.  Its  cost  was  about  two  thousand 
tsvo  hundred  dollars,  and  the  money  was  raised  among 
the  ])eople  in  the  surrounding  region.  The  ground 
on  which  it  stands  was  donated  by  Levi  Rhoads. 

After  the  building  was  dedicated  the  congregation 
was  organized  by  the  election  of  James  Cresswell  and 
Joseph  Winter,  elders;  David  Haverstick,  Jr.,  and 
George  Gall,  deacons;  and  B.  B.  Myers,  Jacob  Eck- 
man, and  Samuel  A.  Keen,  trustees. 

Rev.  J.  V.  Eckert,  through  whose  efforts  the  people 
were  led  to  the  work  of  building  the  church,  has 
been  the  pastor  from  the  first.  The  .original  mem- 
bers of  the  church  were  James  Cresswell,  Elizabeth 
Cresswell,  Joseph  Wimer,  Elizabeth  Wimer,  David 
I  Haverstick,  Sr.,  Elizabeth  Haverstick,  Abraham 
'  Myers,  Ann  Herr,  '  John  Oarnathan,  and  Venia 
Carnathan.  The  present  number  of  members  is 
thirty. 

Tlie  location  and  surnmndings  of  the  church  are 
tasteful  and  complete.  Trees  are  planted  about  the 
house,  the  grounds  are  inclosed,  facilities  for  fasten- 
ing horses  are  provided,  and  when  the  gates  are  closed 
all  is  jjrotected.  There  is  no  other  church  within  a 
circle  of  three^  miles,  and  Mount  Eden  Church  has 
thus  an  ample  field  in  which  to  labor  for  the  up- 
building of  the  blaster's  cause. 

Schools.— There  are  in  Eden  five  sub-school  dis- 
tricts, with  six  school-houses,  Quarryville  having  two. 
The  other  districts  are  known  as  the  Penn  District, 
two  miles  -east  from  Quarryville;  Bowery,  in  the 
northeastern  part  of  the  township;  Springvillc,  in 
the  northwestern;  and  Hawksville,  in  the  western 
part.     All  these  districts  have  large  and  commodious 


EDEN   TOWNSHIP. 


827 


school-houses,  those  at  Hawkesville  and  Springville 
of  brick,  and  excellent  schools  are  maintained  during 
six  mouths  of  each  year.  The  school  law  was  ac- 
cepted by  this  township  soon  after  its  passage. 

ftuarryville.— The  village  of  QuarryviLle  is  the 
most  important  and  populous  town  in  the  county 
south  of  Strasburg.  Situated  mostly  in  Eden  town- 
sliij),  but  partly  in  Drumore,and  bordering  on  Provi- 
dence, it  marks  the  limit  of  the  limestone  lands  south- 
ward in  the  county  even  more  distinctly  than  the 
point  at  which,  in  the  earlier  settlement  of  the 
county,  the  German  met  the  Scotch-Irish  and  Qua- 
ker elements  of  its  citizenship.  It  is  in  the  bowl- 
shaped  valley  in  which  this  village  lies,  between 
"Stony  Hill,"  a  western  spur  of  the  Jline  Ridge,  and 
a  lower  chestnut-covered  ridge  south  of  Quarryville, 
that  the  limestone  is  cut  oil'.  This  valley  forms  the 
head  of  the  Chester  Valley,  which  runs  hence  to  the 
Schuylkill,  furnishing  the  route  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Railroad  from  Noble's  to  below  Downingtown.  Tlie 
limestone  is  found  on  the  north  side  of  the  valley  its 
entire  length,  but  south  of  Quarryville  there  is  none. 
It  properly  marks  the  division  between  the  upper  and 
lower  ends  of  the  county.  Tlie  slate  and  barren  lands 
below  this,  some  of  which  were  "  old  fields,"  uncul- 
tivated, and  not  fenced  in  within  the  memory  of  this 
generation,  had  no  attraction  for  the  thrifty  Gernuui 
farmers.  Very  different,  and  it  might  be  said,  very 
indifferent,  modes  of  farming  prevailed  among  the 
settlers  of  the  lower  end  previous  to  the  development 
of  the  limestone-quarries  at  this  place,  which  was  as 
early  as  1820.  About  that  time  the  limestone  began 
to  be  quarried  and  burned  into  lime  and  applied  as  a 
fertilizer  to  the  worn-out  fields  of  this  region.  Mar- 
tin Barr  was  among  the  first  persons  engaged  in  the 
business,  and  he  gave  to  the  place  the  name  of  "  Barr's 
Quarries,"  laying  out  a  tract  of  orchard  land  in  lots 
of  an  eighth  acre  each,  which  he  disposed  of  by  sale 
or  lease  to  the  farmers  of  Dnimore,  Colerain,  Little 
Britain,  among  them  Jnel  Brown,  Timothy  Haines, 
Thomas  and  Samuel  Patterson,  Alexander  Rumer, 
Robert  Clark,  James  McPlierson,  the  Ritchies,  Rals- 
tons,  and  others. 

At  that  time  wood  was  abundant  on  tlu-ir  places, 
and  they  quarried  the  stone  in  the  winter,  hauled 
it  home,  and  burned  the  lime  on  the  farm.  Nearly 
all  of  them  had  cabins  on  their  quarry  lots  in 
whicli  they  lived  and  boarded  themselves  from  week 
to  week,  and  life  at  the  quarries  during  this  season 
was  active  and  picturesque.  At  this  time  the  Barr 
family  was  the  most  conspicuous  in  the  neighborhood, 
though  most  of  its  members  moved  West,  and  the 
others  are  all  deceased  exce|)t  Jacob  B.,  whose  descend- 
ants, and  those  of  JIartin,  alone  remain  in  this  sec- 
tion. The  great  stone  dwelling-honse  built  near  these 
quarries  in  1791  was  long  the  residence  of  {"Ark") 
Abram  Barr,  and  remains  to  this,  day  a  substantial 
structure,  tenement  for  numerous  families,  and  widely 
known  as  "  The  Ark."    In  1832,  Daniel  Lefever  began 


burning  lime  on  a  larger  .scale,  and  undertook  the  de- 
livery of  it  among  the  farmers,  the  demand  increasing 
every  year.  When,  in  1839,  "  he  began  to  use  coal  in 
his  lime-bijrning  o|)erations,  and  the  supply  of  wood 
became  less  abundant,  the  consumers  gradually  aban- 
doned the  practice  of  hauling  the  stone  to  tlieir  farms, 
the  business  of  lime-burning  and  the  ownership  of 
quarry  lots  concentrated  in  the  hatuls  of  fewer  opera- 
tives, who  not  only  largely  engaged  in  lime-biirning, 
but  kept  teams  for  its  delivery  into  the  lower  town- 
ship of  Lancaster  County,  and  adjacent  parts  of  York 
and  Chester,  and  Cecil  and  Harford  Counties,  JId.,  in 
many  cases  the  transportation  being  more  expensive 
than  the  lime  itself,  though  the  advantageous  results 
are  manifest  in  the  enrichment  and  renovation  of  Ihe 
lands  throughout  the  whole  section  upon  which  it  was 
applied.  There  is  not  a  farm  in  the  entire  lower  end 
which  does  not  show  the  results  of  Quarryville  lime 
in  three  and  fourfold  improvement.  During  all  these 
years  lime-burning  continued  the  chief  industry,  the 
operations  of  quarrying  and  burning  the  stone  and  de- 
livering the  product  giving  employment  to  labor  in 
and  around  the  village,  interesting  capital,  and  at- 
tracting to  this  point  a  considerable  miscellaneous 
trade.  For  nearly  fifty  years  Daniel  Lefever  remained 
one  of  the  leading  citizens  of  the  village,  was  widely 
known,  and  died  universally  respected. 

There  was  no  business  nor  tradesmen  at  Quarryville 
up  to  the  fall  of  1833. 
j  In  the  earlier  part  of  that  year  Jeremiah  B.  and 
I  Lewis  Haines  had  purchased  from  the  Barrs  a  tract 
of  twelve  acres  of  ground,  on  which,  during  the 
I  summer,  they  erected  a  frame  store  and  dwelling- 
house  (now  the  "  Railroad"  Hotel).  Previous  to  this, 
I  and  since  1830,  Messrs.  Haines  and  Slater  Brown  had 
I  been  conducting  the  mercantile  business  in  Darling- 
j  ton,  Md.,  Lewis  Haines  giving  it  his  personal  super- 
vision. Upon  the  completion  of  the  building  at 
Barr's  Quarries  this  business,  carried  on  under  the 
firm-name  of  Brown  fi  Haines,  was  removeil  thither, 
and  on  Jan.  1,  1837,  his  partners  withdrawing,  Mr. 
Lewis  Haines  continued  it  alone.  On  April  17,  1837, 
George  W.  Hensel,  then  a  lad  of  fourteen,  who  had 
walked  over  to  Barr's  Quarries  from  his  parents' 
home  in  Darlington,  took  his  place  behind  the 
counter  of  Haines'  store  as  boy  of  all  work,  and  by 
steady  gradation  rose  to  be  the  proprietor  of  this 
business  and  the  foremost  citizen  of  the  place,  of 
which  he  has  c'ontinuod  a  resident  ever  since.  Mr. 
Haines  removed  from  Quarryville  to  his  firrm  in 
Fulton  township  in  March,  1842,  but  continued  an 
interest  in  the  mercantile  business,  to  which  he  had 
admitted  Mr.  Hansel  in  partnership,  Jan.  1,  1842. 
The  firm  of.  Haines  >fe  Hensel  was  continued  until 
1855,  when  the  junior  member  purchased  the  entire 
interest  of  Mr.  Haines  in  the  business  and  building, 
having  previously  bought  Jeremiah  B.  Haines'  share 
of  the  realty.  Subsequently  'Sh-.  Hensel  admitted  to 
partnershii)   for   a   term   of  years  his  l)rotlicr-in-law, 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Henry  L.  Uliler,  and  at  different  times  his  son,  L.  T. 
Hensel,  and  son-in-law,  G.  J.  P.  Rant,  finally  dis- 
posing of  his  entire  interest  to  the  lattrr,  ami  {giving 
his  attention  to  the  direction  of  the  hardware  hiisi- 
ness  establislied  by  him  and  anutlier  son,  now  de- 
ceased, of  Charles  C.  Hensel  &  Co.  Besides  these 
mercantile  interests,  stores  have  been  established  and 
kept  in  the  mean  time  by  D.  D.  Hess,  Renjamin  Wit- 

mer,  C.  H.  Geiger,  Shant,  and   others,   thongh 

the  houses  founded  by  Messrs.  Hun-el  alone  have 
continued. 

Aforetime  whiskey  was  freely  used  by  the  quarry- 
men  and  teamsters.  It  was  sold  in  large  (luanlilies 
in  the  store,  and  extensive  purchasers  were  liberally 
"  treated."  Up  to  1848  there  was  no  tavern  in  Quarry- 
ville, — as  indeed  there  was  neither  post-office,  black- 
smith-shop, nor  other  essential  of  a  country  village, 
except  "the  store."  Rut  when,  in  the  fdl  of  1847, 
Haines  &  Hensel  built  theirstone  store  building  (now 
occupied  by  C.  C.  Hensel  &  Co.),  the  old  frame  store 
was  fitted  up  as  a  house  of  public  enlerLiiiiiueiit, 
without  a  bar,  by  George  Shaub,  tailor.  In  is:,l, 
James  C.  Ewing  and  .Jarol,  N,li;  pmrhaser,  of  the 
property,  applied  for  a  tavern  lireii>e,  whieh  arou-ed 
a  storm  of  opposition  ironi  the  inerea-iug  temperaiiee 
sentiment  of  the  community,  more  I'-peeially  among 
the  residents  of  the  lower 'end,  who  .,l.jecled  to  the 
sale  of  liquor  at  the  plaee  where  their  teain-ters  and 
other  employees  were  eoiupelled  to  report.  In  \sr,I 
lieun-,e  was  obtained,  and  has  never  been  lost  to  this 
hotel,  while  two  others  have  since  been  li.ea-id. 

In  1837,  Ur.  Haines  gave  the  name  "  ( Jiiai  ly  ville" 
to  the  place  in  his  application  for  the  e-.talilidiiiient 
of  a  po.st-office,  which  was  not,  lnnvevei ,  gianted 
until  1849.  Prior  to  that  the  neare>t  otiiees  had 
been  Xew  Providence  and  Spring  Grove,  su|iplied 
with  weekly  mails. 

Until  ISol  there  was  no  eliureh  within  three  miles 
of  Quarryvvjle,  and  no  .'<al.l.alh-Mli,.ol  cvveept  o,,e 
conducted  for  a  half  season  in  Mount  Holly  sehool- 
house,  a  mile  distant,  lint  on  .liine  l',  ISM,  a  lew  ol 
the  friends  of  religion,  morality,  and  good  order  met 
at  the  house  of  George  W.  Ileiisel,  ai 
energy  ami  devotion  ol'  Kev.  IC.  A.  I 
pastor  of  the  Gerjnan  Reformed  L 
Providence,  took  steps  for  the  organization  of  a  eon- 
gregation  of  this  faith  and  the  erection  ol'  a  ehnreh 
edifice  in  the  village.  On  August  Kith  of  that  year 
the  corner-stone  of  St.  Paul's  was  laid,  and  Feb.  29, 
1852,  it  was  dedicated,  and  the  congregation,  consist- 
ing of  some  thirty  members,  organized  by  the  election 
of  Daniel  Lefever,  Peter  Bush,  Daniel  Lumillicart, 
elders;  John  Jlourer,  Jacob  Amnent,  Henry  Penny- 


M.  Soulier.     More  recently  a  neat  Methodist  Church, 
attiiched  to  the  Fulton  circuit,  has  been  erected  in  the 


eil-ase 


led  also  to  the  erection 


Ii 

within  late  years  of  tuo  .school-houses  for  the  accom- 
modation of  a  graded  i)ublic  school ;  and  the  general 
growth  of  the  village  ami  of  its  busifless  importance 


have  been  acc( 
local  Industrie 
provement,  un 
more  within  tl 


I  l.y  the 
lis,  llien 
at    New 


establishment  of  the 
iollow  village  im- 
of  one  thousand  or 
radius  from  its  cen- 


But  the  event  which  gave  tlie  greatest  impetus  to 
Quarryville  was  the  construction  of  the  railroad  from 
Lancaster  to  that  point  some  years  ago  and  its  con- 
nection with  the  Reading  system  (for  a  full  history 
of  which  see  Internal  Improvements).  Since  the 
completion  of  this  enterprise  the  village  has  rapidly 
increased  in  population  and  importance.  It  has  be- 
come the  outlet  for  the  trade  of  a  large  portion  of  the 
lower  end,  and  the  freight  Irallie  and  passenger  busi- 
iie-s  liom  this  point  i-  very  heavy.  Within  the  past 
year  a  bank,  called  the  (^larryville  National  Bank, 
ou-,ind  dollars,  has  been  or- 

1~ e   huilding   for  its    pur- 

lepaiatorv  to  the  beginning 


with  a  cajiital  i'\'  > 

ganized  here,  and 

po.ses  has  been  ere 

of  business,     den, 

institution,  and   a- 

dirertoi-s  are  Robe 

Stan  Her,    J.    P.    A 

.Marti. 1,  Thomas,! 

Hamlets.- 1  lau 

Hawk,  uho  kept    ; 

\\', 


tin 


olal.li-lM 
whieh  w:i 


.Aiee, 


;ilm 


with  that  at  New  Providence,  has  constituted  one 
charge,  and  has  been  ministered  to  in  order  by  Revs. 
Holfhcins,  William  Goodrich,  J.  V.  Eckert,  Joseph 
Hantiabcrry,  D.  B.  Sliuey,  and  the  present  pastor,  J. 


c 

irly  day,  known  as  1 

c 

jusidei 

ible  importan 

The  K 

een  family  is 

11 

crous 

n  the  t..«iishi 

fl 

om  Ge 

■many  and  m- 

t 

le   RcN 

dlution.       Hi 

n 

eighbo 

hood,    and    1. 

h 

jmestc 

id  about  INOI 
1    four  daugh 

a 

id  rear 

ed  families  iji 

s 

ve  fani 

ily  connectioi 

the 
d  of 

('.  .M.  Hess,  E.  M. 
.MeSparran,  .lohn 
.  W.  Helen. 
■,  name  Irom  Jacob 

(,f  (Juarryville  it 
et-,  but  the  growth 
ed  its  prospects  of 


lather  of  II.  [I.,  was  a 
Die  region,  a.]d  was  an 
him  the  plaee  was,  at  an 
all's,  and  was  a  ].oiat  of 

the  oldest  and  most  nu- 
den.  .lohn  Henry  came 
■ar  Mount  Eden  prior  to 
Henry   remained    in    the 

distillery   near    the    ohl 


ily  01 


ELIZABETH    TOWNSHIP. 


829 


Christian  and  Samuel,  two  of  tlie  sons,  were  farm- 
ers and  distillers  on  the  old  place,  and  they  remained 
partners  till  1SG7.  The  members  of  the  fumily,  gen- 
erally, have  maintained  the  charatter  of  honest,  in- 
dustrious, substantial  citizens. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  justices  of  the  peace 
in  the  township  of  Eden  since  its  organization  : 

Robert  Evans,  Henry  H.  Breneman,  ISoo ;  J. 
Harding  Gilbert,  Hardy  Lovett,  JSliO;  Daniel  D. 
Hess,  ISCl;  Robert  Evans,  18G4;  J.  H.  Gilbert, 
1865;  IJobert  Evans,  18G9;  Tilghman  L.Thompson, 
1870;  J.  H.  Gilbert,  Tilghman  L.  Thompson,  1874; 
J.  H.  Gilbert,  1879;  Tilghman  L.  Thompson,  1880. 

Of  the  men  and  tamilies  that  were  residents  of 
what  is  now  Eden  township  early  in  the  ))ri'sent  cen- 
tury the  following  are  remembered  : 

The  Barrs,  who  were  quite  numerous  and  owned 
much  real  estate.     But  two  families  remain. 

The  Montgomery  family,  still  represented  by  three 
brothers  owning  adjacent  farms,  wliich  are  in  a  high 
state  of  cultivation. 

The  Risk  family  was  prominent,  but  it  is  not  now 
represented  here. 

The  Eckmans  are  not  as  numerous  as  formerly. 

The  Bushongs  were  well-known  Eriends,  as  were  the 
Gilberts,  both  of  whose  families  still  have  represent- 
atives here.  Others  were  here  at  that  perioil  whose 
names  cannot  be  recalled. 


CHAPTER    LIV 


ELI/.ABETII    TOWNSHIl 


El,IZ.\I!ETH   tov 
original  boundari 


was  organized  in  1757.  Its 
:  "  Beginning  at  the  land  of 
Joseph  Cratzer,  bounding  upon  Heidelberg  townshi]), 
Lebanon  C<*>;  thence  by  the  same  to  C'ocalico  town- 
ship ;  thence  by  Cocalico  to  Warwick;  thence  by 
the  same  to  the  place  of  beginning." 

The  boundary  between  Warwick  and  IClizabeth 
was  not  accurately  defined,  and  disputes  arose  amimg 
the  iiibabitants  along  this  boundary  as  to  which 
township  had  the  right  to  tax  them  for  the  support 
of  the  ])oor  and  the  maintenance  of  roads.  In  1700 
a  meeting  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  two  townships 
was  held,  at  which  it  was  determined  to  petition  the 
court  to  settle  this  line,  and  to  include  a  larger  area 
in  the  township  of  Elizabeth.  A  commi.s.sioii  was 
appointed  to  run  this  line,  and  it  was  so  changed  as 
to  transfer  fifty  farms  from  Warwick  to  Elizabeth. 
In  1769  the  inhabitants  of  the  territory  so  tranferred 
KecaTDc  (lis!<afisfieil  with  the  change  and  petitioned 
llie  iMHirt  to  restcu'c  the  uriginal  line,  whicli  was  dcine. 

Elizabeth  township  was  at  first  includid  in  War- 
wick.    Robert  Old,  one  of  the -oldest  ironmasters  in 


the  country,  and  great-grandfather  of  Hon.  G.  D. 
Coleman,  deceased,  of  Lebanon,  is  said  to  have  named 
it  in  honor  of  Queen  Elizabeth.  The  area  of  the 
township  was  formerly,  when  it  included  Clay,  25,521 
acres.  Since  its  division  from  Clay  it  has  9921  acres. 
Its  population  in  1880  was  1045. 

The  surface  of  the  township  is  hilly,  and  the  soil 
is  a  limestone  loam,  gravel,  and  sandy  red  shale. 
Hammer  Creek,  its  principal  stream,  traverses  the 
township  in  a  southeasterly  direction.  It  derived  its 
name  from  the  forge-hammers  which  were  erected  on 
it  at  an  early  day.  It  has  a  fall  of  about  fifteen  feet 
to  a  mile,  and  furnishes  a  splendid  motor  for  the  mills 
on  its  banks.  Middle  Creek  forms  the  dividing  line 
between  Elizabeth  and  Clay  townships. 

The  princii)al  element  in  the  population  of  the 
township  is  German,  called  Penn.sylvania  Dutch,  an 
industrious,  economical  class.  Ne.xt  to  agriculture, 
the  manufacture  of  iron  formed  for  many  years  the 
chief  industry.  Hopewell  and  Speedwell  Forges  and 
Elizabeth  Furnace  were  located  in  this  township,  but 
they  have  not  been  in  operation  since  1857.  The 
principal  causes  of  their  close  were  the  dullness  of 
the  times  and  their  distance  from  the  railroad,  neces- 
sitating the  hanling  on  wagons  over  long  distances  of 
all  the  raw  material  and  manufactured  products. 
They  remain  as  witnesses  to  future  generations  of 
how  industries  may  be  changed  by  changing  the 
means  of  transportation. 

Farming  and  stock-raising  are  now  the  principal 
industries.  The  staple  crops  are  wheat,  corn,  oats, 
and  tobficco,  and  of  these  the  soil  produces  well  under 
a  thorough  and  practical  system  of  cultivation.  The 
well-known  Speedwell  and  Elizabeth  stock-farms  are 
located  in  this  township.  The  f<'rmer  is  noted  for  its 
fine  blooded  horses,  and  the  latter  ibr  its  Alderney 
and  Jersey  cattle.  The  Speedwell  farms  are  owned 
by  the  heirs  of  R.  W.  Coleman,  and  the  Elizabeth 
farms  belong  to  the  estate  of  G.  D.  ( 'uleman. 

Old  Settlers.— The  following  list  of  taxables  in 
this  town>lii|.  in  175S  includes  the  names  of  most  of 

nuns  Uiicli.  Eliziiljftli  Funmce  Com|Biiiy. 


Micliat-l  liulirer. 

Jlliol)    ULllillU'tT, 


Geoi'uo  ConniU. 
Duvid  Usiwlnwelt 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Conmrt  Kritzingor,  Jr. 
BaeliuD  Kellur. 

Peter  SmIJt. 
George  Slioutler. 

William  Klein. 
Georgs  Lcvmiwiclite. 
Junas  Lutncull. 

Ge.irgoSi.illh. 
Jacul,  Showers. 
Ilahs.Srnl.ll. 

Looni.rd  Leyoig. 
Jlidmel  LuUwig. 
Leo.mnlt  Ludwig. 
Henry  MatM. 
Jacob  Markle. 

I'eter  Son,  ling. 
George  W,oinali 
Christopher  Wej 
Martin  Weaver, 
Kngle  Wenver. 

Casper  0|>l.ernian. 

Jacob  W 

Michael  I'aln.el'. 

liana  \\ 

John  Fhaeleuberger. 

Ol.rislia 

Joseph  Pnt'h. 

Fredcri 

Geoige  Hoinhardt. 

Matthia 

Abraham  Roland. 

Leonari 

Henry  Koyor. 

Valenti 

Ullery  Stelly. 
Balser  Shaae.l 
Frederick  She 


Physicians. — The  luUuwing  have  bt-en   practicing 

phy.suians   in    Elizahctli    toNvnship:   Drs.  Illig, 

Samuel    M.   Shallef,   Gres.s,  WIImiii,   

Berg,  and  J.  II.  Seeing,  who  is  now  a  |iiaclitioner 
here. 

Farmers. — Of  prominent  fanners  there  are  George 
Yiiutz,  Cyrus  Singer,  Aaron  Herr,  M.  Bruker,  Miirtin 
Brubaker,  Henry  Brubaker,  John  Brubaker,  Joshua 
Yocuin,  Benjamin  Stault'er,  Uriah  Demery,  Frank 
Hess,  Samuel  Hess,  C.  Brubaker,  Ed.  Kregeler,  Jacob 
Beamersderl'er,  and  Peter  StautTer. 

Soldiers.— The  volunteers  in  the  late  civil  war  who 
are  now  livung  in  this  township  are  Henry  Ciri>t, 
David  Hammer,  Jesse  Double,  A.  Hubecker,  John 
Marks,  John  Fausett,  John  D.  ^Matthew,  Cyrus 
Snearer,  Samuel  Snearer,  William  Donback,  Joseph 
Matthew,  John  Plant/.,  William  Plantis,  Jerry  Koli- 
roth,  Samuel  P.  Ebey,  William  Breidegam,  Isaac 
Walter,  Josepli  Kissenger,  JIartin  Lartman,  F.  Weid- 
mau. 

Old  Inhabitants. —The  following  aged  persons  are 
residents  of  Elizabeth  township:  David  Lartnuui, 
83;  Mrs.  John  Beannersly,  S3;  Miss  Beggy  Bright, 
S3;  Joseph  Lehm,  85;  Philip  Lurhart,  82;  John 
Marks,  82;  Mrs.  John  Brubaker,  83;  Mrs.  Samuel 
Schenk,  85;  K.  Bollinger,  80;  Kate  Keath,  80. 

Magistrates.— The  tbllowing  have  been  justices  of 
the  peace  since  1840  (prior  to  that  year  justices  were 
appointed  in  districts) :  Christian  Bentz,  Peter  Martin, 
1840;  John  B.  Erb,  Peter  Martin,  1845;  John  B. 
Erb,  Samuel  Nissley,  1850;  Jostpli  S.  Keener,  1854; 
Lewis  R.  Hibshman, -1859;  Henry  Schhmck,  1801; 
Franklin    E.    Bentz,   1804;   Levi  D.  Gockley,  E.  O. 


Eaby,  1805;  James  K. 
iMiller,  John  D.  Matihe 
1872;  John  D.  Jlatthew 
1874-T5;  Jacob  II.  Mac, 
1878;  Abraham  B.  Reist 
1883. 

Thoroughfares.— The 
town  turnpike  comes  inl 
northern  boundary,  and 
easterly  direction.      This 


Donnelly,  1806;  Samuel   I 

.■ws,   1807;    E.   B.   Brubake 

1873;  Washington  Bur 

1870;  John  D.  Jlatthew 

880;  John  D.  MatChew 


ri.sburg  and  Downing- 
e  township  acro.ss  the 
through  it  in  a  soutli- 
1   formerly   one    of  the 


great  routes  over  which  Conestoga  wagons  passed  in 
great  numbers  seventy-five  and  one  hundred  years 
since,  and  in  those  times  it  was  one  of  the  best-paying 
roads  in  existence,  but  after  the  "iron  horse"  came  to 
traverse  the  country,  carrying  thousands  of  tons  of 
grain  and  merchandise  daily,  the  turnpike  ceased  to 
be  profitable,  and  grew  worse  yearly,  till  in  1801  it 
was  abandoned.  It  is  now  kept  in  repair  by  the  road 
supervisors  of  the  township.  There  are  yet  living 
people  who  relate  numerous  stories  of  how  the  teams 
and  teamsters  fared,  and  how  they  were  out  in  all 
kinds  of  weather,  braving  storms  and  keeping  up 
their  courage  by  copious  draughts  of  whiskey  ;  for 
no  team  was  considered  complete  without  a  well-tilled 
flask.  At  that  time  the  most  successful  fist-fighter 
was  regarded  as  the  one  who  was  entitled  to  all  the 
rights  and  privileges  of  the  highway  or  hotel,  and 
brute  force  reigned  supreme. 

There  are  several  other  roads  in  the  township  that 
were  laid  out  about  the  time  the  first  settlers  came 
here.  Among  them  is  the  roail  leading  from  Lancas- 
ter to  Schaelferstowii,  in  Lebanon  Coiiiity.  It  w.is 
laid  out  by  Baron  Sli-rl,  at  llir  lime  when  that  gen- 
tleman was  in  the  zenith  of  his  wealth  and  popular- 
ity. The  old  State  road  running  from  Schaelt'erstown 
to  Manheim  also  runs  through  the*  northern  end  of 
this  township,  and  a  road  running  in  a  southeasterly 
ilirection  along  Hammer's  Creek  to  connect  with  the 
old  Newport  road,  in  Warwick  township,  was  estab- 
lished very  early.  It  was  not  put  on  record,  however, 
till  1879,  when  a  petition  to  the  court  asking  lor  a 
road  was  granted.  This  road  was  used  chiefly  for 
hauling  the  products  of  the  Speedwell,  Jeffries,  and 
Hopewell  Forges  to  market.  A  road  running  from 
Penn  east  to  what  was  formerly  Erb's  tavern,  now 
Clay,  was  also  one  of  the  first.  These  are  the  oldest 
roa<ls  in  the  township.  Numerous  other  roads  have 
from  time  to  time  been  laid  out  as  the  population  has 


Mills  and  Manufactories. 

ml  grist-milL,  one   gn-t-,nill 


['here 


•e  four  fiour- 
saw-mill   in 

the  township,  all  run  by  wati-r-power.  The  yearly 
capacity  of  the  H(jur mills  is  forty  thousand  barrels. 
This  (piantity  of  fiour  is  not  made,  however,  by  these 
mills,  but  they  are  all  ta.xed  to  their  fullest  capacity 
in  grinding  feed  which  aggregates  about  the  amount 
above  stated,  equivalent  to  two  hundred  thousand 
bushels  annually.  One  of  the  oldest  flour-  and  grist- 
mills in  the  county  is  located  on  Hammer's  Creek,  in 


ELIZABETH    TOWNSHIP 


831 


this  townshi]),  and  is  owned  by  E.  15.  Brub;iker.  Tlie 
precise  dute  of  its  erection  is  not  known,  but  it  is 
supposed  to  be  1776,  by  J.  Stauller.  It  has  been  re- 
iiiodck'd  and  greatly  improved,  and  it  is  now  run  to 
its  utmost  capacity.  The  only  saw-mill  in  tlie  town- 
slii|)  is  run  in  ciinuection  with  this  mill. 
Cheese-  and  Butter-Factory.— In  1S70,  Hon.  D. 

(I.  Coleman  erected  a  cheese-factory,  and  commenced 
the  manufacture  of  cheese  on  an  extensive  scale,  Ijut 
within  a  few  years  it  was  changed  to  a  butter-factory, 
and  finally  abandoned  in  1879. 

Distillery.— There  is  in  the  township  a  whiskey 
distillery,  conducted  by  Christian  Habecker,  in  which 
spirits  is  manufactured  only  from  rye. 

Public  Schools. — In  1847  the  common  school 
system  was  adopted  in  Elizabeth,  and  John  Beames- 
derfer,  Ezra  Nissler,  Martin  Weidman,  Ilirani  Erb, 
Galsel  Baer,  and  Samuel  Eberly  were  the  directors. 
Some  refused  to  pay  their  taxes,  being  opposed  to 
the  system,  but  in  1852  the  collection  of  all  arrears 
ill  taxes  was  enforced. 

The  first  report  that  appears  on  record  was  made 
in  1854.  The  directors  then  were  Galsel  Baer,  presi- 
dent; Joseph  Keener,  secretary  ;  T.  A.  Boyd,  treas- 
urer ;  John  Beamesderfer,  Jacob  R.  Hess,  and  Joseph 
Snyder.  The  monthly  pay  of  teachers  was  twenty- 
two  dollars,  and  all  fuel  was  cut  by  them  (no  coal 
then).  The  teachers  were  George  Benjamin,  G.  Baer, 
John  B.  Nissler,  Levi  Young,  and  John  Bright. 

In  1883  the  board  of  directors  consisted  of  Samuel 
Hess,  president ;  David  Bemberg,  treasurer;  A.  B. 
Keist,  secretary;  George  F.  Shultz,  Jacob  Beames- 
derfer, and  A.  H.  Brubaker.  The  teachers  were  Miss 
E.  Eberly,  Church  School ;  Miss  E.  Wasson,  Speed- 
well ;  Miss  Sue  Beamesderfer,  Jerry  Grove;  George 
E.  Sarefass,  Lexington  ;  Barton  Sharp,  Furnace;  Miss 
E.  E.  Hoover,  Fairview.  The  wages  of  the  teachers 
range  from  thirty-live  to  forty  dollars  per  month. 

Mennonite  Meeting-House.— This  place  of  wor- 
ship is  about  one  and  one-half  miles  south  froiu  Clay, 
where  a  congregation  was  organized  in  1819,  with 
Revs.  John  Hess  and  C.  Risser  as  pastors.  The 
present  pastors  are  Revs.  C.  Ri^scr  and  (  '.  r.einberger. 
The  elders  are  Jonas  Bucher  aii.l  David  Hrubaker. 
It  is  a  Large  congregation. 

Zion  Reformed  Church.— On  the  road  leading 
fr.jiH  Brickcrville  to  Bruiivill,  about  one-half  mile 
friim  the  former  place,  this  church  was  organized 
about  1740.  It  was  long  known  as  Royer's  Church, 
and  in  old  deeds  it  was  called  Presbyterian.  In 
1747,  Peter  Becker,  Wendel  Lober,  Jacob  Ilagy,  and 
Tillman  Shitz  bought  two  or  three  acres  of  land  of 
Sabastian  Royer  for  tlie  erection  of  a  church  and 
burying  the  dea.l.  The  first  church  was  built  of 
wood,  while  the  seccml  was  built  of  brick  in  1813, 
with  galleries  on  three  sides  and  a  candlestick  |)ulpil, 
with  sounding-board  above.  Pastors,  Revs.  John  G. 
Wittncr,  John  C.  Golredc,  John  Waldschmid,  .\ii- 
thony   Hantz,  John  Christian   Wilms,   Charles  Ilel- 


fenstein,  John  T.  Faber,  F.  A.  Herman,  Daniel 
Hertz,  Jacob  Leyineister,  Samuel  Seibert,  Christian 
Wiler,  J.  E.  Graelf,  Isaac  Gerhart,  and  D.  C.  Tobias, 
the  present  pastor.  The  elders  are  Peter  Ressler  and 
George  Rock.  During  the  Revolutionary  war  the 
old  wooden  church  was  used  as  a  hospital,  and  some 
of  the  soldiers  wdio  died  in  this  church  are  buried  in 
the  graveyard.  The  material  of  the  old  log  church 
was  taken  to  Warwick,  Lancaster  Co.,  and  converted 
into  a  dwelling-house  by  John  Kissenger.  The 
cliurch  has  money  on  interest. 

"James  Coleman  Memorial  Chapel,"  on  Eliza- 
town,  about  one-quarter  mile  north  of  Brickerville. 
This  is  a  Presbyterian  Church,  but  when  the  old 
chapel  was  built,  in  the  rear  of  the  new  one,  in  1835, 
by  Mrs.  James  Coleman,  it  was  free  to  all.  In  con- 
nection with  it  she  held  Sunday-school  for  a  number 
of  yeans.  In  1872,  Mrs.  D.  P.  Elliott,  and  assisted 
by  Mrs.  G.  D.  Coleman,  Mrs.  H.  Brock  (nee  Coleman), 
and  Rev.  J.  A.  Rondthaler,  the  Sunday-school  was 
reopened  with  six  scholars,  of  which  three  are  still 
members  of  school, — Miss  Adie  Weidman,  Miss 
Amanda  Marks,  and  Frank  Marks.  Finding  the 
old  chapel  too  small,  Hon.  G.  D.  Coleman  (now  de- 
ceased), with  his  generous  wife,  Deborah  [nee  Brown), 
erected  a  chapel  in  memory  of  their  son,  James,  now 
called  "  James  Coleman  Memorial  Chapel,"  at  an  ex- 
pense of  about  twenty-five  thousand  dollars;  and 
Mrs.  Ccdeman  is  now  having  it  finished  at  her  own 
expense.  With  the  assistance  and  self-denial  of  Mrs. 
H.  Brock  and  the  pastor  of  Christ  Chapel,  at  Leba- 
non, Pa.,  the  school  has  grown  to  a  large  and  very 
interesting  feature  of  the  mission  work,  numbering 
between  three  and  four  hundred  on  its  roll,  being 
the  mission  part  of  Christ  Chapel  at  Lebanon,  Pa., 
with  one  year  excepted,  when  it  was  independent. 
Pastors,  Revs.  J.  Rondthaler,  J.  M.  Galbraith,  L. 
Clark,  J.  B.  Rud,  S.  Rideout,  L.  L.  Landis,  S.  H. 
Martin,  and  S.  Asay  ;  Elders,  D.  P.  Elliott  and  Jacob 
H.  Max. 

Emanuel  Lutheran  Church.  — The  Lutheran 
Church,  known  as  the  old  Warwick  Church,  of  East 
Brickerville,  on  the  Horse-Shoe  turnpike,  was  organ- 
ized in  the  year  1730,  and  a  place  of  worship  erected 
about  three  hundred  yards  south  of  the  Horse-Shoe 
])ike,  now  owned  by  Mrs.  Samuel  Engle.  This  church 
was  used  as  a  hospital  during  the  Revolutionary  war. 
A  second  place  of  worship  was  built  on  what  is 
now  a  part  of  the  graveyard,  and  in  1808  the  present 
building  was  erected,  no  doubt  the  finest  church  at 
that  time.  The  first  two  were  wooden  structures,  but 
the  present  is  a  brick  building.  It  has  a  gallery  on 
three  sides,  aii'd  a  candlestick  pulpit  with  a  sounding- 
board.  This  has  been  a  large  congregation, — upwards 
of  (wQ  hundred  to  six  hundred  communicants.  The 
[lastors  at  this  jjlace  have  been  Revs.  F.  C.  A.  Muhl- 
hi.hurg,  Shultz,  W.  Bates,  Miller,  Frederick  Reese, 
Yeager,  H.  Harpel,  Engle,  W.  Porr,  F.  S.  A.  Shantz, 


832 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Markley,  C.  Fernsler,   and    M.  E.  Semmel.     U|)  to 
18GG  tlie  congregation  was  a  United  Lutlieran  con- 
gregation, but  at  this  period,  wlien  the  niinisteriiiin 
witiidrew    from    the   General  Synod    in    the  United 
States  of  North  America,  and  hel))ed  to  organize  the 
Cieneral  Council,  tliis  congregation  and  tlieir  pastor, 
Rev.  ;M.  llar|)el,  preferring  to  remain  in  union  witli 
said  General  Synod,  together  applied  ibr  a  reception 
in  the  East  Pennsylvania  Synod,  a  part  of  said  Gen- 
era! Synod,  and  they  were  received   in  September,  [ 
1807.     They  remained  united  up  to  1875,  but  at  that  | 
time  part  withdrew,  and  united  with  the  ministerium.  I 
The  part  remaining  in  the  General  Synod  now  hold 
possession  of  the  parsonage,  with  twenty-six  acres  of 
land,  the  old  parochial  school-house,  used  as  a  tenant  I 
liouse,  and  also  the  church.     Rev.  IM.  Fernsler  served  ' 
the  congregation.     The   elders  on  this  part  are  Ed. 
Snearer,  Jidin  Saylor,  Levi   Drich,  and  Jacob  Hack- 
Rev.  M.  E.  Semmel  served   the  congregation   be-  I 
longing  to  General  Council.     The  elders  are  Daniel  ' 
Weidman,  Henry  Donmoyer,  and  David  Zartman,  Jr.  [ 
Cemeteries. — West  of  the  Lutheran  Church  is  the  i 
largest  graveyard  in  the  township.     It  has  a  stone 
wall  four  and  a  half  feet  in  height  on  the  north  and  [ 
west  sides.     Here  are  entombed  many  of  the  early  | 
settlers,  and  on  the  tombstones  are  found  the  names  ■ 
of  the  Colemans,  Zartnians,  Weidmans,  Klines,  Rus- 
sels,   Sharp--.,    Elseirs,    Eichelbergers,    Steiners,   Sei- 
berts,  Millers,   I'.eards,   Beaumersderfers,  Saylors,  Ja- 
cobys,  Movers,  and  :Marks.     On  the  west  of  this  is  a 
cemetery  in  which  are  buried  the  Millers, Steinmetzes, 
Elseirs,  Witmans.     In  the  Reformed  Church  burial- 
place  are  found  the  graves  of  the  HoUingers,  Buch- 
lers,  Eiicks,  Ilabeckes,  ShifHers,  and  others.     In  the 
Mennonite  meeting-house  graveyard  lie  the  Hesses,  j 
Rissers,  Lanes,  Nisslers.     In  the  Presbyterian  Ceme- 
tery are  the  Matthews  and  Kissingers,  and  in  the 
family  cemeteries  repose  the  remains  of  the  HoUin- 
gers,  AdairS,   Badderfs,  Stauffers,    Brubakers,   Gray- 
bills,  Schenks,  Ebys,  Hitters,  Eitners,  Younts.     Ad- 
joining land  of  Israel   Zartman   is  the   cemetery  of 
llnion  Church,  of  Lexington,  and   in   it  are  buried 
the  Hermans,  Lutzs,  Sclnviner-,  and  Marklcys. 

Villages. — Brickerville,  on   the   llorse-Slioe  turn- 

licld.  It  was  mimed  alter  .l.din  I'.ri.ker,  wii<,  l.iiilt 
the  lir>t  hotel,  which  is  .still  kept  as  a  publir-huii-e. 
On  the  opposite  side  of  the  street  is  the  store,  which 
was  erected  in  1813.  The  brick  for  this  house  and  the 
Reformed  Church  were  made  on  what  is  now  George 
Burkholder's  farm.  The  old  spotted  house  was  the 
tirst  store  and  post-ortice.  The  store  has  been  kept 
by  Jacob  Diehm,  George  F.  Miller,  John  Seibert, 
Jacob  Miller,  and  Samuel  H.  Miller.  At  the  present 
store  the  merchants  have  been  I.  H.Stautler,  Samuel 
H.  Miller,  .loel  Weiilman,  Joseph  S.  Lauser,  Capt. 
J.din  Bricker,  John  Hickernrll,  Henry  Warters,  Sol- 
omon  D.  Strohm,  Jacob   11.  Mace,  and   A.  B.  Reist, 


who  is  now  in  business.  The  only  post-office  in  the 
townslii[i  is  here. 

The  hotel  was  carried  on  for  a  time  by  Samuel  H. 
Millar,  and  by  Lewis  Helshman,  E.  Stoben,  James 
Donley,  and  10.  Setter.  At  the  old  stand  haw  lived 
John  Bricker,  John  Shenk,  George  Bentz,  Samuel 
Engle,  William  Donbach,  John  Westenberger,  Jo- 
seph Weidman,  John  Marks,  and  now  Frank  Ruth. 
The  business  of  the  place  is  carried  on  by  William 
Palmer,  wagon-maker ;  John  Dissinger,  shoemaker; 
George  Weidman,  cigar-box  manufacturer;  Michael 
Engle  and  Edwin  Esler,  cabinet-makers  and  under- 
takers; John  H.  Steiner,  tinsmith;  .lohn  Weidman 
and  James  Reddig,  cigar-makers. 

Penn  is  named  after  William  Penn,  and  is  partly 
in  Penn  township.  The  greater  part  was  formerly  in 
Elizabeth,  and  old  Jlolly  Plasterer  kept  the  hotel. 
This  was  a  great  place  to  get  fire-water  when  forges 
and  furnaces  were,  in  full  blast.  Five  roads  con- 
verged here,  and  two  are  now  in  this  township.  The 
hotel  is  kept  by  Jacob  W.  Diehm.  The  store  and 
post-office  are  kept  by  Jacob  H.  Mace,  proprietor. 
There  are  also  here  Byron  J.  Black,  tailor;  Henry 
Shifl'er,  shoemaker  ;  Jacob  Hessler,  house  carpenter  ; 
Cyrus  Kauffman,  undertaker;  and  Jerry  RalVurth, 
cigar-maker. 

There  is  a  hotel  on  the  road  between  Brickerville 
and  Lititz.  It  is  owned  by  Dr.  Hertz,  and  occniiicd 
by  E.  Sheetz.  At  llalCville,  on  the  road  from  Penn 
to  Lititz,  is  a  drng-store,  kept  by  Elias  Schreiner, 
and  George  Schreiner  is  a  butcher  there. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCH. 

GEOlttiE  YOUTZ. 
The  Y'outz  family  are  of  German  descent,  Peter 
Youtz,  the  grandfather  of  the  subject  of  this  bio- 
graphical sketch,  having  with  his  wife  emigrated  from 
the  Fatherland  soon  after  his  marriage,  and  located  in 
Lebanon  County,  Pa.,  where  he  followed  farming  oc- 
cupations in  the  township  of  Londonderry.  His 
childrrii  were  John,  Kli/al.etli,  Mary,  Peter,  Jacob, 
Anthony,  Joseph,  Knian.iul,  and  Thomas.  The  death 
of  -Mr,  Youtz  occnrrwl  at  Colehrook,  Lebanon  Co. 
His  son  .lacol)  was  born  in  171)5  in  the  same  county, 
uiierc,  uith  the  exce|ilion  of  a  few  uneventful  years, 
his  life  was  spent.  He  acquired  in  early  life  the  trade 
of  a  carpenter,  which  was  for  many  years  success- 
fully followed  in  the  county  of  his  birth.  He  married 
Rosa,  daughter  of  John  McGlade,  of  Lebanon  County, 
and  had  children,— George,  Nancy,  David,  Rosa, 
Eliza,  Anthony,  Jann's,  Joseph,  William,  Francis, 
and  Lottie.  Mr.  Youtz  at  a  later  period  removal  to 
Ilarrisburg,  where  his  death  occurred  in  1879.  His 
son  George  was  born  JIarch  10,  1820,  in  Lebanon 
t^ounty.  His  youth  was  spent  on  theColebrook  estate, 
then   the   property  ol    the  late  Bird  Coleman,  Esq., 


ro' 


^6 


KPIIRATA    TOWNSHIP. 


83a 


,e  acquired  tlv 


county.  Wheu  but  a  lad  he  U-au  IuImu-  „ri  the  estat< 
aiul  continued  thus  actively  eiuploycl  inilil  his  rent! 
of  a  farm  at  Cornwall,  when  hr  also  en-ajix'd  a 
teamster  for  the  anthraeile  c.al-lurnaee  at  that  i.lac, 
Jlis  executive  ability  led  to  his  apiioirituient  in  list; 
as  superintendent  of  tliert|ieedweil  stock-farms,  owne 
by  the  Coleman  estate,  which  responsible  position  li 
at  present  fills.  Under  his  excellent  management  th 
raising  of  choice  stock  and  tlie  breeding  of  bloode 
horses  has  been  made  a  specialty,  and  the  ])ro(luct  i 
these  farms  has  since  his  advent  enjoyed  an  extende 
reputation.  Mr.  Youtz  was  in  February,  1848,  mai 
ried  to  .A[iss  Barbara,  dau-hter  of  Henry  Linaweave 
of  Lancaster  County.  Their  children  are  Dai  ius  ]•: 
Charles  E.,  Lottie  L.,  Ida  Isali./lla,  Cl.ireriee  ,1.,  an 
eight  who  died  in  early  life. 

Mr.  Youtz  js  in  politics  a  Democrat,  and  althoug 
not  an  office-seeker  has  for  many  years  lilled  tlie  in 
l)ortant  )io>ition  ofschoid  director  of  Elizabeth  towr 
ship.  He  was  e.lucated  in  the  Ronuui  Catholic  taill 
and  is  still  a  .levuut  believerin  the  creed  ..f  th; 
clinrch. 


passes  tlirouj;;h  the  township  from  northeast  to  south- 
west, ami  is  runniiij;  several  trains  daily  each  way, 
giving  the  iieople  .in  opportunity  of  visiting  Lan- 
caster, ( '^dumbia,  llarrlsburg,  Reading,  Philadelphia, 
and  other  important  points  and  return  the  same  day. 
Statistics.  —  Kroni  the  township  register,  J.  S. 
.'^harp,  a.^sc-,<or,  the  follow  ing  data  was  taken  for 
1SS3: 


Pioneer  Settlers.— The  pioneers  of  what  is  tiow 
E|dirata  townshi|)  located  in  or  near  that  part  of  the 
town  of  JOphrata  known  locally  a^  ■' <  )1,1  Ephrata," 
southeast  side  of,Hie  rn-ck  and  railroad,  and  are  given 
more  at  length  in  the  hi-tory  of  the  village  of  Ephrata. 
However,  it  i>  pioper  to  ^tate  here  that  of  the  number 
of  houses  built  in  that  locality  from  1750  to  1780 
there  are  C|uite  a  nnmlier  yet  standing  and  in  good 
condition,  .\moiig  them  may  be  mentioned  the  one 
in  which  Amos  ivonigmacher  now  lives,  and  the  ones 
oeenpied  by  Israel  Erb,  IL  Jlellinger,  <.  R.  Hess, 
Reuben    Hertzog,    Chester    Kilharlner,  and    Samuel 


EI'IlK.i 


iWNSlllI 


Geog^raphy  and  Topography.— This  i,  one  of  the 

northern  interior  towiisliips  of  the  county,  and  w.i^ 
erected  in  1838  from  Cocalico  townshi|i,  and  is 
bounded  on  the  north  by  West  Cocalico,  northeast 
by  East  Cocalico,  east  by  Brecknock,  southeast  by 
Earl,  south  by  Earl,  southwest  by  Warwick,  and 
northwest  by  Clay  townshi|i. 

The  surface "i|f  this  townshi|)  is  gently  rolling,  with 
an   occasional   elevation  dignilied   by  the   title  of  hill 

The  soil  i>  as  productive  as  that  of  any  township 
in  tlie  county,  producing  large  (juantities  of  the 
cereals  usually  raised  in  this  section,  as  well  as  large 
<|iianlitics  of  tobacco.  There  are  several  grist-  anil 
saw-mills  in  the  township,  sutficient  for  the  accom- 
modation of  the  iidiabitants. 

Boads, — The  principal  road  for  many  years  was 
the  old  Downingtowii,  Ephrata  and  Harrisburg  turn- 
pike, known  in  earlier  times  as  tlie  Philadelphia 
and  Paxtang  road.  The  turnpike  was  many  years 
ago  abandoned  by  the  old  company,  and  then  turned 
over  totlieseveral  townships  through  which  it  passed. 
The  township  is  traversed  by  other  highways  for  the 
accommodation  of  the  traveling  public,  and  are  usu- 
ally kept  in  the  best  of  repair. 

The  Reading  and  Columbia  Railroad,  built  in  1803, 

'  By  S.  Lem  Fry. 


(Juite  a  large  number  of  the  nearly  four  thousand 
ihabitaiits  of  what  is  now  l^pluata  township  are 
Ileal  descendants  of  the  original  settlers  of  a  century 
lid  a  quarter  ago,  and  iu  several  instances  the  land 
f  the  original  settlers  has  descended  along  down  in 
le  saiiu-  name  to  the  tilth,  sixth,  seventh,  and  in  a 
•w  in-t.ii.r,-  to  the  ei.-litl.  generation,  ^ome  of 
a.e  in-lanees  air  (be  old  faiiiiiiesol'  Moliler,  Keller, 


and 


ted 


liii   White,  of 


the  same  or  ii.xt  \ear  While  eoiivivid  to  Henry 
M.ihler  one  bundled  and  forty  acres  of  this  traei. 
Jan.  10,  17113,  Henry  .Mobler,  .Sr.,  ami  his  wife  Eliza- 
beth conveyed  to  their  son  Henry  ninety-six  acres  of 
their  one  hundred  and  forty.  This  proj.erty  is  still 
ill  the  .Arohlcr  family,  probably  where  Samuel  or  Levi 
Mohler  now  resides,"  a  little  east  of  the  Mohler  meet- 
ingdiouse,  mentioned  iu  church  history. 

Ludwig  Mohler  came  from  Switzerland  in  1730  and 
located  in  this  township,  and  had  three  sons,  George, 
Jacob,  and  Henry.  Of  George  we  have  no  record. 
Jacob  married  and  had  a  son  aiid  daughter.  His 
daughter  married  a  Mellinger,  front  whom  i)riibably 
sprang  a  large  number  ol  the  Jlelliiiger  family  iu  this 
eouiily.  The  son,  Jacob,  married  and  had  two  sous, 
John  and  George.  George  was  a  bachelor.  John 
married  and  became  the  father  of  six  sons  and  two 
daughters,  viz.:  Emanuel,  Elias,- Jaccdj,  William, 
John,  Richard,  Nancy,  and  Polly.     Emanuel  married 


and  became  the 

father  of  o 

le  s 

.n  and  threi 

dan.di- 

The  Lan 

ters— George,  no 

V  liviiii;  in 

E,.l 

rata  ;   Ivael 

.seeiuled    fn 

rie.l  to  11.  Ilorch 

•hotli.  of  1- 

|.l,n 

tu;  Sarah, 

married 

Mohler  an 

to    Cvrus    Millei- 

of   A.lam- 

;    Liz/.ie    i:. 

single. 

l)ioneer,  m: 

.rari.b.  M.n  ..IJol 

n,  die.!  uil 

loul 

ivsne;   Will 

am,  son 

ter  married 

of  J..hn,  i.  .till 

ivillL',    l.llt 

silh^ 

ut  a   faiiiil\ 

;   .1olin, 

fa,„ily  of  1 

son  (,fJ<.lin,  wnit 

In  llela»:ii 

>■:  L 

icliaid.suii 

.f  .lol.n, 

John  (  le 

moved  toOliio;  1 

lias,s>,ii„f 

loh, 

MohUr,  w, 

nl  \V,-.-t 

in  17:;o.     J 

HISTORY   OF   LANCASTKll   COUNTY.  J 

Uiiiilies  in  this  township  are  partly  de-  f 

the    Mohlers,  as    u    dau-liler   of  ,Iae„U  I 

•anddanghter  of   Lndwig  jrohler,  the  ' 

■A  a  Bellinger,  ii.id  Mellinger'.s  daush-  •> 
.an.lis,  from  which  sprang  the  Landis 

dt    llil.slnaan  came   from   Switzerlan.I  j 

Jle  lead  two  sun,,  and  four  (huighters.      His  | 

when  quite  young,  and  oi   hiin   we  have  no  record;      sun  W'endel  came  to  this  lown.ship  in  17G(j,  and  located  i 

I'oUy,  married  to  a  .Air.  :?ii;ively,  in   IllinoU;   Nancy      on  the  farm  now  oecu|)ied  by  Levi  Landis.     He  had  I 

married  a  I\Ir.  Weaver,  ol'  whom  we  havi-  no  record.        three  sons,  Jacob,  Henry,  and  John,  and  two  daugh-  j 

Henry   Mohler,  son   of  Lndwig   Mohler,   had    lonr     ters,  I-Miza  (nuirried  Henry  Gray)  and  Amelia  (wdio  I 
sons  and  five  daughters,  viz. :  Henry,  Jacob,  Ghrislian,      married  Samuel  Bowman). 

.fohn,  5Lary,  nuirried  a  Jlr.  I'foutz ;  the  ne.xt  dangh-          Jacob  nuirried  and   had   two  sons,  John   and  Ed-  I 

ter  married  a  Mr.   Herr;  Susan,  married  a  liucher  ;      ward,  [ 

Sahnnc,  married  Martin  Keller,  and  the  other  daugh-          .John,  .son  of  Jacob,  married   and   had   three  sons  > 

ter  married  to  Jacob  Zrgg,  of  Cumberland  County.        and  two  daughters,— Eliza,  nuirried  to    I).  U.  Hertz,  \^ 

Henry  JMohler,  son  of  Henry,  had  three  sons  and      and  Amelia,  married    a    Mr.  Craig  and   removed  to  > 

two  daughters.     JIary  married  James  Vogan  ;  Eliza-      Wilmington,  DeL  I 
lieth  nuirried  a  Mr.  Ulrich.     The   sons    were   John,          lulward  married  and  had  three  children, — William, 
Henry,  and  Samuel.                                                                   Hannah,  and  Rebecca.     William  died  single,  Han- 

The  last-named   Henry  married   and   had  five  sons      nah  married  a  Stubbs  (both  deceased),  and  Rebecca  is 

— Allan,  Samuel,  Simon,  John  L.,  and  David — and     still  living.  i 

four  daughters, — Eliza,   married  to  David   Horst,  of         Henry  married  and  had  four  children, — Louis,  PLir-  ^ 
Cumberland  County;  Rebecca,  died  single;  Hannali,      rison,  Wendel,  and   Mary  .\nii.     The  latter  married 

married  Peter  Overholzer,  of  Oregon  ;  Lydia,  married      Henrv  Keller,  of  this  township.     Of  Louis  and  Har-  j^ 

E,  Konigniacher.                               "             '                               rison  "we    have   no    record,   and    Wendel    removed    to  I 

Allan  removed  to  Indiana,  and  Samuel,  Simon,  and      Reading.  | 

John  L.  with  their  families  remain  in   iCphrata  town-          John^  father  of  A.  P.  Hibshman,  rem.ived   to  Lan-  [ 
ship.                                                                                                      caster. 

Wendel   Ifib-hman.wasa  member  (d'  I 


hail    three    sons,—  and  .ilterward,   a--oriate  jndge  of  Lancaster  County, 

el    removed  to  Cum-  and  held  manv  nine.r  ollhes. 

Ohio,     ,r„hii,,-on  of  Wendel  llili-lunan,  l.ilher  of  Judge*  Jacob  Hibsh- 

d   had  livoons  -Oy-  man.  was  a  major  in  the  One  Hundred  and  Eleventh 

n,  Samuel—and  t«o  l;,ittalion  of  the    I'unn-y Iv.mia  troop,   in  the  Revolu- 

(lecea,ed;   .lohn  G,,  J, .hi,   ALirlin    Pry  ean.e  Ironi  Lower  Tulpchoeken. 

•led  and  live  in  this  where  hi,-,  father,  an  .M-alian,  had  settled  long  before, 
and  locatr.l  m  tl.i,  township  at  wliat  is  known  as 
and  Sahune  married  Pry's  .MilU  po--t-,,llice  in  about  1790.  He  purchased 
i.wn-hip,  and  Henrv  (he  propirtv  at  a  r-herilf's  sale.  Just  when  the  fir-t 
mills  al  thi,  place  were  budt  is  not  known,  but  they 
-Elkanan,  Riehar.l,  are'  nuiiti..ned  m  a  deed  dated  in  \7&1.  The  nnll 
.-ed  to  Illinois  and  \s  a-  rebuilt  in  17'.tS  and  again  in  ISIS.  This  John 
:    Jeremiah    married      .Martin    Pry  was   the   ancestor  of   the   Pry    family    m 

John  .Mnhler  wa-  the  grandhither  of  Levi  M.diler,  Thr  Akron  .Mills  are  located  on  a  part  of  a  tract  of 

a  member  of  the  State  Legislature.  land  p.itenlrd  hv 

Henry  .Mohler,  a  son  of  Ludwig  Mohler,  purchased  17i;:^.      The  trad 

from   John    White  (before   mentioneil)   two   hundred  i  tuo  and  a  half  a, 

,,i.v:  acres  Iron.  .Michael   Wllnier.'  '  ing    lands    by    .\. 

The  hon,e  now  uecupied  by  R.  Hertzog,  a  .soM-in-  mill  wa-  linilt  on; 
law  of  Simon  Mohler,  jvas  built  by  Henry  Mohler  in  heen  twice  nbuill 
17G4,  and  the  house  occupied  by  Christian  Kelliaefer  Amos   Ruyer,  tl 

was  built  by  Jacob  Mohler  in  17(J7.  ,  townshij),  was  a  : 


1) 

ivid 

Mohler 

lied  in 

ps.sn 

le: 

of  u 

bou 

W.  K., 

a  ,on, 

is  ii 

!■: 

We,, 

t  }•:. 

rl. 

J. 

hll, 

son    of 

Henry 

Mol 

ler 

Dan 
berl. 
the 

rus, 

nd 
a-t- 

y,.h 

lenry,a 
Coiintv, 
lained'j 
1  (i.,  Isa 

id  .foil 
and    11 
.hn,ni; 

1.     I 
,  Re 

ibe 

daUL 

hte 

-.       ilci 

ben     re 

mov 

d 

Isaa 

•    t. 
lei 

ICast   (■ 
and  Lev 

.calico 

(Jyi 

u,. 

towi 

Shi' 

A 

ine 

married 

Henry 

Kell 

er, 

Ben, 

ami 

n  Eberlj 

,  both 

A  th 

rem 

ved 

to  Ohio 

g. 

inuel  Mohler 

had  th 

ree  sc 

IIS, 

and 

Jer 

eniiah. 

Elkana 

11    re 

mo 

Kiel 

ar.l 

to    Phi 

adelph 

a,    w 

ns  to 

(^h 
•   hi 

ries    11 
ndred 

all. 

cker  in 

i'.'e'x! 

•pt 

that  p. 

uu 

n'o^n^ 

er   an 

1   W 

M.  i; 

ttc» 

■.      The 

in    17 

';;■ 

nd  ha, 
■d  bv  J 

sin 

;e  then 
Stoll. 

•sior  ( 

f  t 

le   liov 

ers 

in  this 

Sebas 

iali 

Royer 

wh 

o  came 

I 


EPIIRATA    TOWNSHIP 


hnrau,  :' 


loL'aU-.l  ii,_.ar  what  i^  imw  r.ii.kcrvill.-. 

[ii   irOL',  ll.i'  (latt-  ot   the   lucalinn   ,,f  Ain.is   lioycr, 

Urai-1  Withfis  an.l  Saimu-l  Uoy.-r,  near  MhhlleCruuk 
ineetins-hoii^e,  the  huter  farm  hc-iii-  the  uhi  Uuyer 
hdiiicstead. 

The  lUtMienuis  Keller  laniily  in  thi-,  t.,wii-hii,  are 
ae.seeii.lant-^  of  Jaeub  Keller,  uhu, 
land  ill  170G,  and  eaiiie  In  thi^  U>\ 
located  at  what  i>  now  kin.wn  : 
Trotit  Run,  wliuie  he  die.l  man 
original  traet  is  still  in  im,,,-,.,- 
Aunily. 

Peter  Martin  was  eleeted  an 
LaiR-a-ter  County  in  l.Siin.  and  -i 
her  of  the  State  Legislature. 

Christian  Bentz  was  eleeted  a  m 
latnre  in  1844-45.  B.  F.  >[artin 
senator  in  1851,  Henry  (iray  in 
Cross  in  1854.  Davi>i  Kem].er 
eoniinissioner  in  18ii:i.  Oath  of  Allegiance.— The   loUowing  i»  a  list  of 

Jacob  Eberly  died   in  1807,  leaving  a  wife,  Ann,      th.i-e  who   suh-eiibed   to   the   oath  of   allegiance  or 
and  eight  children:  Maria,  married  Ludwig  Kurtz;      fidelity  at  l^idiiata  durin.g  the  Kevolntionary  war: 
]:;iizabetli,   Anna,  Susanna,  Samuel,  Joseph,   Jacob,  ■•  Nuvm' ad,  I77s. 

and  John.  "  Lancaster  Coumy,  ss. 

George  Bard,  Sr.,   settled  near   Binkley's    Bridge,  i     "i,  ii.esui,».riu.r.„neof  ii,»  Jusiic^uf  the  Peace  fur  ti.o  Ccuty  of 

■=  '  ',  r        ■,  ,■       ,  ■,  ,  ."'    '        I.;„,c:,>lrr,.k.l.fn-I.yci.Ttif.vtlmttl.ef..ll..«int'is.il,iK.|i»l..ftheNames 

where    he   reared   a   large   hiniily  ot    children,   viz.:      ^„„|  ^„„^,„„„  „r  s„,|,  ,„.,.,„„  „.|,u  i,av,.  i.,ic,.i,  an.i  suhscHle.l  the  Oatii 

^Margaret,  Mary,   Elizalietli,  Jacob,  Henry,  George,     ur  Aiii.iu.it:, .n  ..t  Aik-i.u.T  ni..i  I'iJi-ihty  i..  ton- me,  .i:.  .liu-cted  b.v  an 

Keiihen,  Adam,   Levi,  Peter,  Samuel,  and  Abraham 

Samuel   subsequently  owned  a  part  of  the  origina 

I'arni,  along  the  New  Holland  tnmidke,  one  mile  eas 

of  Binkley's  Bridge.     George  Philip  Bard  spelled  hi 

name  Barth,  henee  the  Barlh  lamily. 

Taxables  for  1780.-The  folh.u  ing  li^t  of  ta.xable 

embraced  in  Kidirata  township  : 


diipin'i? 

iWitzer- 
:iO,  and 

JI..rLl>el,  Lleorsu,  5n  acres,  ■:!  Inuscs.  :)  luws,  ilTJ. 
M..liKr,  Martin,  50  aiies,  2  holies, '2  c.nvs,  CHO. 

Springvill 

le,  near 
.      The 

M  ihk-r,  .lohii.  llKl  a.iLS,  'J  lior.es,  -  ci.w»,  tiili. 
Muhk-r,  JuhM,  .h  ..  1  11)  .iLies,  3  l.uiics,  3  co«s,  t:«9. 
Jlnhlei,  lle.iiy,  13ii  Mivi.  3  horses,  5  cows,  .t42il. 

1   of    tfm 

Keller 

M..lUr,  .la.-..h,  l.iil  a. a.-,,  3  hurses,  0  cows,  ii'lS. 
Ne.-s,  A.i.uii,  iUO  acres.  2  lior=es,  3  cows,  tliiS'J. 
Neos.J i,.=)U  acres,  1  horse,  2  cows,  U1<i. 

sociate  jt 
eipieiitly  : 

idge  of 

Negley,  JacnU,  fiU  ucie.i,  2  horses,  2  cows,  CITO. 
Rin.M.el,  fie.Mt-e,  .''iO  acres,  1  horse,  2  cows,  tf.G. 
.Siii^eni.ui,  J. .Ill,,  2IIII  acres,  2  liorses,  2  cws,  t42r. 

ibcrof  tlu^ 
s  elected 

.s  elected 

;  Legis- 
a  State 
1  J.  L. 
county 

Wolf,  Kly.  I.il,  a,  res,  2  ho.--e.,  3  ,ow»,  t329. 
Frec.en. 
Jac.b  l.aii.li,.                                            M.irtu,  Ki 

j.„,.m:,.i4..-. 

ilil.  Lnl 


I'hilip  S.il,.  Ill- 


Beck,  l'liili|i,  loll  ucrea,  4  horses,  2  cows, 

1.12:.. 

liricker,  John,  2,  0  acres,  2  hor.e,,  4  cw, 

,,  c:i4. 

Howinan,  IJaniel,  73  acres,  2  horses,  2  co' 

,v»,  taut 

liowman,  Saninel,  73  acres,  2  horses,  2  c. 

.ws,  1  n 

Hock,  Jacob,  21  acres,  tie. 

Duck,  Nicholas,  a  acres,  1  cow,  tlo. 

Ultlo,  Widow,  2IIII  acres,  4  lioises,  3  cows, 

,  1449. 

Drish,  Leonard,  50  acr.'S,  2  horses,  2  cow 

s,  tns. 

Krb,  Jacob,  15U  acres,  UiU. 

b-rey,  Martin,  21 
Foltz,  Jacob, 
lieer,  John,  60  u 


HISTORY  OF  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


JoIni    li: 


rg,-  linint-r. 

Laol  Kiitzenniyer. 


riiilii.  ,l..c„bSI,enkle. 

Join.  IV 

M.iilu,  lii,sMn;cr. 

MidiH.'l 

Gi-oigi-  lMiili|.  Kissinger. 

.k.»,M.li  ^ 

I.u.hiLk  Fii.lley. 

Join,  Kr 

GwMgo  Jle.kluj. 

I'eler  Si, 

G.-irgo  Kinitz. 

Henry  1 

Jci.iiiiiili  lliller. 

Jucub  W 

John  Williriiiul-. 
Jaculi  Jiicul'd. 
Midiucl  Knei&iJii 
Cliribt.  Swaitzwui 
Christ.  W,l.lniiin. 
Geurge  lI„o. 
Abi-uliiini  Liinilis. 


Cl.risliiin  UU'rlhi. 

J.icoU  Worguiii 

Jolm  Mill.-r. 

Lawrence  Hon 

Georgu  Wuliul^u. 

Michael  Oberli 

Henry  miller. 

Gabriel  I.aUbt. 

}Iall,in..\ll,ert. 

Ailum  MuMcr. 

George  Rimel. 

Christ  \Val»l,n 

Henry  Valonliiie. 

Henry  K^UMv 

ChriBtiau  Wi-ylaud- 

Heniy  I.an,,h. 

ArJuni  Oljerlin. 

Jacob  Uisher. 

Goilfreii!  Kherliard. 

Jacob  .\ngea. 

Miehaci  Willon-. 

J.„;ob  Itn 

I'hilip  Fa.-biiacU. 

Henry  11 

Peter  Smith. 

Er,.st  -Mi 

FreJerick  Firntzler. 

Chllst.  M 

Jacob  Valentine. 

Henry  St 

John  Weber. 

J.icob  Ne 

Thojnas  Holms. 

Itobert   S 

Jacob  Snierer. 

John  Tia 

.Micbarl  Long. 

H.Llliel  U 

I'etel  Sh.mtz. 

John  We 

IVl-r  WielanJ. 

(leoige\\ 

Christ.  Shit/.er. 

Stopher  1 

.\b,an,  Kollan.l. 

Casper  Ti 

Fiantz  Kul,n. 

FreJericI 

iMichael  Frantz. 

I.eoi.ar.l 

John  Alter. 

Wlllouo 

Jacob  Fiiintz. 

lii'lgh;,,! 

George  Frame. 

Jacob  l),c 

Justices  of  the    Peace. —The 

l)ers(Mi>   havi'   l,ccn   cli-clcd  ju^tit■l•s  ( 

this  township  since  tin-  :iil,)]itiiin  of 

of  1838: 

RicharJ  K.  Heitler,  elected  l.slu.          John  (i.  liai 

Jacob  llib»l,nian,  eleclej  1K4U. 

1'.  Slartin  11 

Jeremiah  llanman,  electeil  18-15. 

Jacob  Kernp 

Levi  Wlllel-,  electpJlS4.j. 

Jacob  K.lnp 

Jacob   L.  Sharp,  elect.jd  1S48  (for 

W.  K.  Sell/, 

ttto   Jcar~). 

Jacob  Kern, 

1".  Ma,  tin  lleille,-,  elected  1S5U. 

W.  K.  Seltzc 

Jacob  Kcinpc,  elecle,ll»o-.i. 

W.  K.Selt/.e 

J,o  ob    L.    G,o»,,  elected    ISM  (for 

Jacob  Ke.ni 

thiee  yi-al»). 

1).  1).  Kraals 

Henry  11  Gorman,  elected  1855. 

H.  11.  Keller 

1  in  Justice  I)i-tii,.t,  No.  C. 

I       Ephrata,  the  i.riijcip^i!  village  in  tht.^  township,  is 

j  pleasantly  locatfil  on   the  line  of  the  Reading  and 

I  Coluinliia  Railroad,  and  is  surrounded  by  one  of  the 

I  most  fertile  a-riciiltiiral   districts  to  lie  found  in   the 


Zehlcr. 
tian  Harlng. 
itz  Ln.lwlg. 


Jacob  Kutnic 


as  175U,  or  thuj-ealioiits. 

Isntel  Eckerliiie  received  a  patent  for  a  tract  o 
two  hundred  tind  thirty-nine  aires  of  land,  which  hi 
sold  to  Christian  Lichty,  who  sold  to  .Inhii  Groll 
being  a  part  of  a  hirge  tract  w.oraiited  in  ITo!)  t, 
John  Mayle,  or  Maybe. 

Sept.  7,  17U2,  an  agreement  or  indenture  was  madi 
between  Jolin  Mayle,  or  JIaybe,  of  the  town  ,, 
Ephrata,  widower,  of  the  first  part,  "'and  the  Reli 
gious  body  of  i)eople  of  both  se.xes  now  residing  n 

ing  members,  viz. : 


EPHIIATA  TOWNSHIP. 


837 


•  Tarbc 


1,  Brother  Amos  (John  Mylin) ;  2,  Bi 
3,  Brotlier  Eleiizer;  4,  Brother  Shontz;  0,  lirollier 
Shabia;  G,  Brother  Agabus ;  7,  Brother  riiilemon  ; 
8,  Brother  Jonathan  ;  9,  Brother  Jemini  ;  10,  Brotlier 
Gidron;  11,  Brother  Natlianiel ;  12,  ISrother  Kenon  ; 
13,  Brother  Kiipinus;  14,  Brother  Saliiia  ;  1-',,  Brother 
Javado;  10,  Brotlier  Laiacek  ;  17,  Brother  •  )l)eil  ;  ' 
IS,  Brother  Maearines;  and  1,  Mother  Maria;  2,  Sis- 
ter Bugenia;  3,  Sister  Kathura ;  4,  Sister  Anestatia; 
5,  Sister  Ruclina;  G,  Sister  Europina ;  7,  Sister  Va- 
silla;  8,  Sister  xVshanasia;  9,  Sister  Constantia;  10, 
Sister  Sophia;  11,  Sister  Catharina;  12,  Sister  Sarah; 
13,  Sister  Jael ;  14,  Sister  Iphigania;  15,  Sister 
Rachel;  10,  Sister  Hanna;  17,  Sister  Tenobia  ;  18. 
Sister  Melania;  19,  Sister  Zernia;  20,  Sister  Glaii- 
dina;  21,  Sister  Eufasix. 

Feb.  3, 1770,  a  trijjartite  was  made  hetux-en  Samuel 
Eckerline,  M.D.,  ol'  Ephrata,  of  the  first  part,  and 
ilenry  Sangniaster,  John  Adam  Kolp,  Isaac  Sense- 
mer,  John  Martin,  and  Christian  Ecstein,  of  Ephrata, 
trustees,  of  the  second  part,  and  1,  Hans  Miley;  2, 
Jacob  Meyer;  3,  Henry  Hocker  ;  4,LudwiK  Iloeker; 
5,  John  Kypal;  0,  Jacob  Eicker;  7,  Christian  Lu- 
ther; 8,  Martin  Funk;  9,  Samuel  Funk;  10,  Peter 
Miller;  11,  Jacob  Funk;  12,  George  Miller;  l.", 
Christian  Rep;  14,  Mun-in  Graff;   i:.,  Maiiiii   Kroll  ; 

10,  John  Kelp,  of  Kplirata,  yionu-a  ;  and  1,  Maiy 
Kicker;  2,  Barbara  Meyur ;  3,  Mary  Eanderf;  I, 
Ilaniiah  Lichten  ;  5,  Veronica  Funk;  0,  F.li/abeth 
M<rck;  7,  Elizabeth  Eckstein;  8,  Catharine  llage- 
luaii;    9,    Catharine   Gartner,    10,    Christian    Funk; 

11,  Barbara  Bremin;  12,  Elizabeth  Iloelly  ;  l.l,  Anna 
Thuney;  14,  Susanna  Stetler;  15,  Mary  Hocker  ;  IC, 
Mary  Graff;  17,  Christiana  Tessley  ;  18,  Anna  IV"- 
ley;  19,  Mary  Miller;  20,  Catharina  Henry,  ("ath- 
arina  Fuess,  Salome  Guth,  Rosina  Guth,  Anna  Mary 
Hervey,  Catharina  Kelp,  Ann  Mary  Martin,  ( 'hris- 
tiana  Lnther,  Barbara  Landis,  of  Kphiala,  spinsters, 
of  the  third^iart,  for  all  that  tract  of  land  called 
Ephrata,  eighty  acres,  together  with  niilK  and  c.il- 
tages,  to  the  five  parties  (trustees)  in  trust,  wlm  were 
all  members  of  the  Christian  Society  of  Ephiata. 

There  was  an  allotment  of  one-quarter  of  an  acre 
to  each  person  for  "garden  inirposus."  The  fruit  to 
be  divided;  grass  and  produce  ofcjrchards  and  mead- 
ows, profits  of  i)apci-iiiill,  etc.,  were   to   be   expeiuhii 

of  [iroduce  to  go  into  the  common  stoi  k  uv  fund  to  be 
expended   for  the  aid  and   relief  of  sueli   male  and 
female  members  as  become  sick,  aged,  or  infuin. 
If  any  of  tlic  members  desired  to  mai  ry  they  c.mld 

of  two  years  and  mi  longer.  When  lliey  left  the  su- 
ciety  they  were  compelled  tosign  a  release  (if  all  their 
interests  in  the  estate  to  the  trustees,  and  if  they  le- 
ijuired  it  they  were,  upon  leaving  the  society,  allowed 


ugl.t, 


Aug.  2,  1755,  John  Bowman  and  Jlargaret,  his 
wife,  donated  several  acres  of  land  and  paiier-mill  to 
the  Religious  Society,  or  Tunkers,  at  Ephrata,  for  a 
period  nf  thirty  years. 

Jlay  1,  1772,  Peter  Shoemaker  left  by  will  two  hun- 
dred acres  of  land  in  trust  for  Christian  peO|jle  in 
E|.hrata. 

May  1,  1772,  an  agreement  or  indenture  was  made 
between  Peter  Shoemaker,  of  Ephrata,  of  the  one 
]iart,  and  Jacob  Senseman,  Ludwig  Hacker,  Jacob 
Eicher,  Jacob  Neagley,  and  Peter  Fahnestock,  of 
Ephrata,  yeomen,  and  Barbara  Jlayer,  Veronica  Funk, 
Susanna  Stetler,  and  Anna  Lichty,  spinsters,  of  Eph- 
rata, of  the  other  part;  that  for  settling  the  planta- 
tion of  two  hundred  and  five  acres  lor  one  year,  it 
being  a  part  of  four  hundred  and  five  acres  confirmed 
to  Peter  Shoemaker,  Dec.  10,  1751,  in  trust  for  the 
Ephrata  Society,  provided  the  single  brethren  as- 
sumed and  came  under  the  name  of  "Brethren  at 
Bethania,"  and  the  sisters  assumed  the  name  of  "  Sis- 
terhood of  Saron"  (see  Book  of  Deeds  P,  pp.  210, 
etc.) 

Jan.  1, 1790,  Jacob  ;Mayer,  Ludwick  Hacker,  Jacob 
Eicher,  Jacob  Funk,  and  Peter  Miller,  brethren  of 
the  Seventh-Day  German  Baptists,  leased  to  Chris- 
tian Bowman  three  acres  of  land  along  the  Paxtang 
riKid,  at  the  corner  of  the  burying-ground,  for  sev- 
entv  pounds  yearly  leiii,  10  be  paid  to  the  persons 
selected  by  ballol  l,y  the  Soeiety  of   ll:ipti-ts. 

In  1809  an  ael  ..f  As-,-ml.lv  was  pn-ed.  authorizing 
the  tru-tee,  of  the  (ierman  Uaptists,  Tunkeis,  or  Ke- 
lidons  Soci.ty  of  lOphrata,  t,)  sell  one  hundred  and 
fifty  acres  of  the  two  hundred  acres  given  them  in 
1772  by  Peter  Shoemaker.  Robert  GohMuaii  pur- 
ehased  one   bundled   aii.l   one   acre,  of  this  tract,  ad- 


11  .fuly,  17S7,  Christian   Eckstein, 

M 

a,  devised  to  the  two  .societies,  Beth 

Cocalico,  and  to  i,he  brothers  and  - 

ist 

■11  there  ten  years,  and  have  niaiiit; 

in 

n  doctrines  of  Conrad    ikdsel,  dec 

as 

ved  the  Seventh-d.iy  Sabbath,  and 

tl 

ic  water  bapti-m.  the  I>ord's  Siipp 

■r. 

feet  regularly  adniini.leied   unto 

he 

the  gospel  doetiim,  and  have  kept 

thl 

tcand  pure  lion,  worldly  dress,  fa 

hi 

one  part  to  Ann  Beckc 


beth,  and  by  1 

leujamin 

Bow- 

>ek,  executors 

(H.  E. 

429.) 

linger,  of  Epl 

rata,  at  h 

is  de- 

ounds  to  the  ^ 

society  of  Sev- 

rata,  to  1m-  ex. 

ended  ill 

hold- 

hinee   of  his 

ai-e  est; 

te  he 

One  part  to 

he  child 

en  of 

part  to  Abra 

lain  Diet 

dorf; 

one  part  to 

lis  sister 

Bar- 

838 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY, 


M;i 


Iluiiiaker;      18S3, 


rotli. 


Abr^i- 


baraZrigg;  one  part  to  liis  sist 
one  part  to  his  sister,  Soi)lii:i  Kill 
brotlier  Riidoljjli ;  aiiii  one  part 
ham. 

Tiius  we  liave  briefly  outlined  tlie  pioneer  settle- 
ment of  Old  Ephrata,  which  covers  the  land,  or  nearly 
so,  upon  wliich  the  town  of  Ephrata  is  situated.  This 
outline  gives  also  tlie  religious  sentiment  |irevail- 
ing  at  that  time,  and  we  only  wish  it  were  in 
our  power  to  give  a  more  full  and  satisfactory  detail 
of  the  circumstances  attending  tlie  early  settlement 
of  the  town,  the  building  of  the  old  cloisters  or  c(jn- 
vents,  the  schools,  and  manner  of  teaching,  and  who 
taught.  But  enough  is  given  to  awaken  an  interest 
in  the  lover  of  historic  research,  and  we  unly  hope 
that  some  student  of  the  archives  of  ninety  recmiK, 
the  keys  of  which  seem  to  be  lost,  may  yet  bring  to 
light,  and  place  before  the  reading  public,  the  long- 
lost  treasure. 

Previous  to  the  Revolutioinary  war  there  was  a 
tavern  on  the  site  now  occupied  by  the  E.igle  Hotel, 
on  what  is  now  Main  Street  (then  the  Philadelphia 
and  Paxtang  road),  and  was  kept  after  the  war  by 
William  Wright,  who  had  been  an  officer  in  Wasli- 
ington's  army.  This  Wright's  daughters  married  into 
the  Gross  and  Lebei-  families,  who  were  the  ancestors 

caster  County. 

The  present  Eagle  Hotel  was  built  in  ISOS,  and  the 
Mount  Vernon  House,  between  the  Eagle  and  the 
railroad,  was  built  in  1854,  at  which  time  there  were 
but  eleven  houses  besides  it  along  .^rain  Street  between 
Mountain  Spring  and  the  stone  bridge,  and  this  was 
all  tliere  was  of  the  tijwn  between  the  two  |,oinls 
named. 

Tlie  Miamtain  Spring  Jlou.e,  on  the -uniiiiit  ea>t 
of  the  town,  was  built  in  ISIS  for  a  summer  resort, 
and  enlarged  in  1850  or  1852  by  Joseph  Konigmacher, 
Previous  to  this  the  place  had  been  occupied  a>  a 
water-cure  4r  hygienic  home  for  invalid^.  An  obser- 
vatory was  Iniill  at  this  point,  and  blown  down  in 
1880.  Mr.  Konigmacher,  the  projector  of  this  sum- 
mer resort,  was  a  lineal  iles(  endaiit  of  the  early  set- 
tlers in  Ephrala.  and  b.'eanie  a  prominent  citizen  of 
the  town.  He  was  at  one  time  president  of  the 
Reading  and  Columbia  Railroad,  president  of  the 
Ephrata  Monument  Association,  a  no'inber  of  llie 
Constitutional  (Jonveution  of  l.s;;s,  a  .State  senator  in 
18-lS,  and  later  a  member  of  the  Assembly,  and  a 
member  of  the  Hoar.l  of  Pevenue  ( 'oniniissioners  ol 
this  State. 

In  ISS;!  there  were  in  Ephrata  four  hotels,  three 
genertil  stores,  one  liardware-store,  one  tin-shop,  one 
grocery-store,    one    li.pior-store,   one    furniture-    and 

tobacco-  and  eigar-stoies,  one  shoe  manufactory,  em- 
ploying live  men,  one  coaeli  manufactory,  employinL:: 
rourtcen  men,  one  bejiding-woiks,  employing  Iwelvc 
men  (these   works   were  destroyed   by   lire    July    1'.', 


L'ljuilt   the   same    year),  two    luick-yanls, 

men,  twenty-four  cigar  manufactories,  employing  two 
humjred  and  thirty-seven  jiersons,  one  bank,  two 
churches,  one  school-house,  one  Union  chapel,  post- 
ollicc,  td1egra[di  and  railroad  ottices,  one  printing- 
office,  and  the  largi'  iiniijlHr  of  smaller  business  jdaces 
usually  Ibund  in  a  town  of  this  size,  or  with  a  po]iu- 
lation  of  one  thousand.  The  value  of  real  estate  in 
the  village  iu  1883  was  three  hundred  and  seventy- 
eight  thousand  one  hundred  dollars;  number  of  pop- 
ulation, one  bundreil  and  ninety-seven. 

The  German  Religious  Society  of  Seventh-Day 
Baptists  at  Ephrata.— This  society  in  ICphrata  was 
found.Ml  in  \r.:-J.  or  1733  by  Jolin  Conrad  Reissel,  who 
was  Ijorn  in  P.berbach,  Germany,  in  IG'Jtl,  learned 
the  trade  of  a  baker,  and  came  to  America  in  1720; 
embraced  the  religious  views  of  Alexander  ilock, 
lived  as  a  rechise  for  several  years  and  at  dili'erent 
points,  and  linally  located  on  the  banks  of  the  Co- 

the  doctrine  of  celiliacy  and  the  seventh  d.iy  of  the 
week  as  the  projier  day  of  rest  and  religious  worship. 
He  was  well  versed  in  New  Testament  theology,  of 
commanding  appearance,  a  (luent  talker,  and  in  most 
respects  well  calculated  to  gather  around  him  a  large 
class  oi'  both  sexes,  and  was  soon  joined  in  his  new 
home  bv  .Martin  Prener,  .Samuel  Eckerline,  and  an- 
other whose  religious  name  was  "Brother  Jethro." 
They  were.sO(m  lollowed  l.y  .\nna  and  .Mari.a  laelier, 
from  the  Oonctoua   ( 'hureh,  two   of  his   tinnier   eon- 

from  their  spiritual  teacher. 

This  nueb.iis  of  the  ehuicli  was  joined  in  1733  by 
Israel  and  G.ibriel  Eckerline,  and  in  the  following 
year  iiy  a  large  number  from  Oley.and  Coventry,  in 
Chesler  County,  as  well  a.,  a  large  number  of  Germans 
who  came  tV.nii  Scholi.irie  County,  N.  Y.,  and  placed 
themselves  under  the  spiritual  guidance  of  Beissel, 
and  soon  the  entii'e  congregation  at  Falkner  Swamp 
were  at  the  feet  of  I'.eissel,  who  became  their  teacher 
in  spiritual  things  for  what  had  now  ami  so  suddenly 
become  cpiite  a  lar-e  settlement  named  Lager,  inean- 
in-  an   ene.nopmenl ,  and   subseouenllv  received   and 


Peter  M 


As  early 
larjre  area 


to  Ai 
.all    b 


1730, 


id  soon 


17.{7,  Keissel's  people  had  accumulated 
f  landed  pio|)erly  along  the  banks  cd'  the 
k,  wlu.li.as   found   by  reference   to  the 

|-,|,li,..l.  i,~e-  and  old  di'e.L,  w  ,, ,  held  as 
c      (See  also  bisl,,ry  of  Kpbr.ita  village 


KFUKATA   TOWNSHIP. 


839 


and  assumed  tlie  monastic  name  of  "  Friedsuiu,"  to 
which   was  added   the   sultix   "  Oottrefiit,"   tugetlicr  ! 
meaning  Peaceable,  Ood-rii/hl. 

Tlie  first  prior  of  the  broliierhood  was  Israel  Kcli:-  ; 
erline,  otlierwise  "  Brntlier  Onesimus."     Among  the  1 
other  cloister  names  borne  by  botli  sexes,  see  history 
of  Ephrata  village,  tliis  cliafiti-r. 

The  first  building  erected  umler  tlie  iiu)na-.(ic  sys- 
tem was  built  in  1735,  on  the  hill  named  by  Fried-  j 
sam  "Mount  Zion."  Tiie  building  was  called  Kedar, 
and  contained  one  priiicii)al  room  for  religious  wor- 
ship, love-feasts,  and  the  ceremony  of  feet-washing. 
Besides  this  there  were  other  rooms,  very  small,  for 
the  use  of  the  brethren  and  sisters,  those  of  the  hitter 
being  in  the  upper  story.  Another  building  larger 
in  dimensions,  and  called  "  Zion,"  was  built  on  the 
same  hill  in  1738.  These,  as  well  as  the  several 
buildings  of  later  erection,  were  covered  witli  shin- 
gles on  the  roofs  and  outside  walls,  and  remain  thus 
covered  to  the  present  time,  1883. 

In  the  year  1740  there  were  in  the  Ephrata  clois- 
ters thirty-six  single  brethren  and  thirty-five  sisters  ; 
and  at  one  time  in  later  years,  when  the  society  was 
at  the  height  of  its  prosperity,  the  wlmle  congrega- 
tion, including  those  living  outride  tlic  principal 
buildings,  but  in  the  immediate  neigliburhood,  luiiii- 
bered  about  three  hundred. 

The  large  building  calle.l  "  reriel,"  intended  as  a 
meeting-house  for  religious  worship,  was  Imilt  in 
1741.  Three  years  later  the  building  '■Sarmi"  wa^ 
erected  as  a  dwelling-house  for  inarrieil  hkii  and 
women  who  had  voluntarily  renounced  niatriinonial 
vows,  the  sexes  to  be  ke|)t  separate  in  dilTerent  parts 
of  the  house.  The  plan  proved  a  failure;  many  of 
the  self-divorced  couples  reunited  and  returned  to 
live  together  at  their  ju'evious  homes.  "Saron"  was 
then  occupied  by  the  w(Hiieii,  An 
with  the  other  celibate  sifters  wl 
guidance  of  Father   l''ricd^;iiii. 


barely  seven  feet  in  height,  passages  so  narrow  that 
two  persons  could  not  pass  each  other  in  them,  with 
very  low  and  narrow  doors,  swinging  on  wooden 
hinges  and  fastened  by  wooden  latches,  with  cells 
hardly  large  enough  to  hold  a  cot,  and  each  having 
only  the  light  and  ventilation  art'orded  by  a  single 
window,  eighteen  by  twenty-four  inches  in  size,  and 
cnntaining  only  the  most  indispensable  articles  of  fur- 


ind  Maria  Eicher, 


the 


the  .Agapasor  love- Ica-ls. 

The  building  ••  Kcdar"  w: 
the  use  of  the  brethren  or  iim 
and  much  larger  building  w: 
named  "Bethania."  Cnniu-i 
ied  meeting-room  siiilirienll\ 
modate  the  wdiole  suciety  lor 
use  it  superseded  the  build 
the  Saturday  meetings  cmiti 
all  the  years  of  the  .socict; 
Bethania  and  in  its  iinmed 
tered  several  smaller  biiiklii 
schoid-housc,'  prinling-ollice,  ain 
others,  used  for  dilleivnt  purposes 

The  houses  Bethania  ami  riar.i 
lively  by  the  brethren  and  sister^ 


niture,    and    that   of    the    rudest    description,    these 

luxury  for  the  brethren  and  si-,teis  who  iulialiited 
them. 

It  is  stated  that  in  the  house  "Bethania"  the 
brothers  slept  on  wooden  benches,  with  wcjoden  blocks 
for  pillows.  Probably  the  dormitories  of  the  sisters 
were  a  little  better  furnished  in  that  particular.  In 
each  of  the  cells  was  an  hour-glass,  and  the  walls 
(especially  those  of  cells  occupied  by  the  females) 
were  nearly  covered  with  very  large  sheets  of  pajier, 
on  which  were  written  in  large  and  elegantly  exe- 
cuted German  text  passages  of  Scripture  and  verses 
of  original  poetry  by  Beissel.  The  walls  of  the  meet- 
ing-rooms, the  "gaol,"  the  cha|)els,  and  dtn-mitories 
were  also  covered  with  the  same  kind  of  ornamental 
pen-work,  which  was  dune  by  the  sisters  in  a  niom 
(called  the  "  writiiig-K.onr'j  ^et  apart  for  that  pur- 
pose. The  sisters  "  Aiia>lasia,"  "  Ipliigeiiia,"  and 
■•Zenobia"  were  menti(,ncd  as  being  remarkably 
>killliil  in  thi,  ornamental  writing. 

The  .lre^s  adopli-d  bv  Fried^ani  for  the  brethren 
and  sifters  of  Ephrata  was  i„-a,ly  tlie  same  as  that 
of  the  Capuchin..  Tli.y  W(jre  a  cowl  and  gown 
of  wdiite,— linen  in  siimmrr,  woolen  in  winter.  The 
cowl  of  the  sisters  dillen-d  a  little  from  that  of  the 
brethren,  and,  as  a  matter  ul'  course,  they  wore  the 
petticoat  in  place  of  tiow^crs  ;  but  they  wore  the  same 
kind  of  gown,  an. I  the  /ii,i/.  enseinbk'oi  the  dress  of 
both  sexes  was  so  nearly  the  same  that  the  diHerence 
between  monk  and  nun  could  hardly  be  discovered 
at  a  little  distance.  'Both  brothers  and  sisters  went 
barefooted,  exrept   wli.  ii    the   weath.-r   was    to.)   c.ld. 


,~elf  an   Jxcelleiit 
i.lonlinarydrink- 


iinong  them  be 
nonry,   bakery, 


were  .if  w..o,l,  a: 
best  skille.l   am 


840 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER    COUNTY. 


and  even  the  sisters  often  assisted  in  the  labor  at  that  During  tlie  year  1745  the  prior,  wlio  liiid  exceeded 
time.  But  after  a  short  time  they  procured  oxen  and  I  his  autliority  in  erecting  a  tower  and  ordering  a 
liorses  to  perform  this  worI<.  Father  Friedsam  did  '  cliime  of  beils  from  a  firm  in  Europe,  witliout  con- 
not  encourage  idlers  at  Eplirata.  I'.vcry  (Uie  had  lii>  .-iiltinL'  tlie  proper  aulhorities,  and  fur  (his  hreach  of 
or  her  work  to  perform,  whether  nut  ..r  iii-doms,  and  tiust  \sa-.  depo-cd,  and  I'der  Miller  appointed  t()  till 
each  (me  performed  it,  and  a^  a  iialiiral  cimsuipR-iice  tlic  \'acancy»  Of  llir  lower  and  bell,  the  following 
the  society  at  Eplirata  became  mure  and  more  pro^-  will  be  of  inteie-t. 
[lerous  as  the  years  passed.                                                    I  One   (.f  the  structures    proposed   to  be  erected    by 

A  paper-mill  was  built  and  put  in  operation  by  tiie  |  the  prior  and  his  friends  was  a  tower,  in  wdiich  was 
people  at  Eplirata  for  the  manufacture  of  paper  for  j  to  be  hung  a  chime  of  bells.  Upon  the  arrival  of 
use  on  the  printing-press,  which  will  be  mentioned  '  the  first  bell  the  indignant  communists,  startled  alike 
hereafter.  They  had  also  a  saw-mill,  a  flour-mill,  a  at  the  unauthorized  innovation  upon  their  plain 
fulling-mill,  and  a  mill  for  making  oil  from  flaxseed,  way^  and  at  the  inordinate  extravagance  of  their 
These  mills  served  not  only  the  Eplirata  settlement,  jiresumptuous  prior,  at  first  resolved  to  break  the  bell 
but  also  the  people  of  the  surrounding  country,  who  j  to  pieces  and  bury  the  fragments,  but  upon  more  ma- 
were  glad  to  patronize  them,  for,  besides  doing  good  ture  reflection  and  by  the  advice  of  the  practical 
work,  they  were  0|>erated  on  princi|)les  of  scru]iulous  |  Beissel  they  agreed  to  sell  it,  and  found  a  customer  at 
honesty.                                                                                       '  a  price  (ar  below  its  cost   in   the  Lutheran  congrega- 

Singing-schools  were  begun  at  ICphrata  in   17-12,  tion   of  Laii. -aster   boruiigh,  and   for  many  years  the 

under    the   direction,    of   Father    Fiiedsam.    who    was  hell,  w  hich  never  leached  Eplirata,  hung  in  the  tower 

himself  a   uood  singer,  as  well   as   an    excell.-nt    per-  of  Trinity    Lmlu-ran    Chiirei,,    Lancaster,   aii.l    when 

former  on  the  violin   and   other   musical    instruments,  supplanted    there   was   sold   t,,   the   \V.ishington    Fire 

The  music  used  in  these  .schools  was  .,1'  lleissehs  own  Comp.niy.      Willi  the   dishaiidinent    of  the  Lancaster 

composing,  and  was   written   on   sheets   by  the  sisters  volunteer    lire    d.'pai  InuMil     it    was    bought    and    pre- 

of  "Saron,"  in  a  room  of  that  house  devoted   to  ih.il  seiited  to  ( iraee  LnlI.eraii  1 'liiuvh,  in  w  hose   tower  it 

Iinr|,ose.      .More    than    f,ur    hundred     hymns,    all    of  now    hangs.      It    bears    the    inscription,    cast    in    the 


>pied  in  their  great     metal:    ,'iiiC 


tu.y,,. 


cnerandl    One 


hymn-book,  "  Zionitseher  Weihr.iuchiigel."  After  n 
time  the  pupils  became  noted  for  their  fine  perform- 
ance,  which  attr.icted  many  strangers  to  visit  them, 
ami  one  of  their  visitors  thus  described  their  singing 
in  a  letter  to  Governor  John  I'eini  :  "  The  perlornieis 
sat  with  their  heads  reclined,  their  countenances  sol- 
emn and  dejected,  their  faces  pale  .-umI  em.u  iated  from 
their  manner  ,,f  living,  their  clothing  e.xcecding 
white  and  pictures.|ue,  and  th.-ir  inusie  sneh  as  thrilled 

the  very  s(Hil.      [  a! si  be-aii  to  tliink  niv-elf  in  the 

w.irhl  of  >pirits." 

Ludwig  Hacker  came  t..  join  the  Ephr.ita  people 
in  17::!!l,  and  ill  the  following  year  a  8aM.ath-sehool 
was  established  und.a  his  leadership,  li  was  very 
largely  attended,  and  the  pupils  beeaiuc  very  enthu- 
siastic in  religious  matters,  uulil  there  lesiilted  aniont; 
them  a  general  awakeniir.'.  F.aeh  morning  ami  even- 
ing,beforeand  after  the  sessions  oftiie  laMiinion  school 
they  met  for  prayer  and  exhortation,  developing  an 
excitement  and  zeal  so  extravagant  as  to  cause  Fried 
sani  to  discourage  the  daily  meetings,  as  also  tin 
erection  of  a  house  which  had  been  commenced  in- 
tended for  their  especial  Use.  The  SaUh.ith-school 
however,  cmlimu'd  to  he  held  w.-eklv  loi  ni.inv  veals, 


Kphrat.  Pnrpo.siti,  A.D.  MDCCXLV.- 
The  Old  Printing-Press.' -The  tamous  printing- 

IH-.ss  ol  lOphrata  was  obtained  by  the  Societv  in 
17  12,  and  put  in  opcratimi  the  same  year  m-  in  the 
larly  part  of  174:].  The  first  book  |uintcd  '  on  it 
was  for  Israel  Eckerliiie  in  1744. ' 

During  a  full  half-century  alter  Beissel's  printing- 
pre-s  c( neiiced  work  at  F.jihrata,  it  was  kept  in  ac- 
tive upcalioi,  at  that  place.  Besides  "The  Book  of 
Martyrs'-  and  the  sectarian  publicathms  of  Bci.ssel 
and   his   hrollicrliood,  lln-rc  was   printed   upon   it  .me 

(U-   e   editions  ,,r  the  New  I'estameiit  (or  as  s.mie 

aeeonnts  have  it,  of  fhe  Bible). 


I 

1 


P^PIIRATA    TOWNSHIP 


811 


In  1777,  when  Col.  Burtram  Galbraith,  the  county 
lieiitfiiaiit,  sent  men  to  the  paper-mill  at  Ephrata  for 
paper  to  make  cartridges  for  the  Continental  army, 
they,  finding  none  at  the  mill,  searched  the  jirinting- 
ollice,  and,  discovering  there  a  great  number  of  printed 
sheets  of  the  liihle  (or  Testament),  seized  three  wagon- 
loads  of  them,  and  the  sacred  amnuinilion  was  soon 
afterwards  fired  into  the  lines  of  the  llritish  foe  at 
Ihandywine  and  Germantown. 

Forty-three  publications,  including  Kckerline's  that 
was  burned,  are  known  to  have  been  printed  on  the 
old  Ephrata  printing-press  while  in  pn-sc^^ion  of  the 
society.  Copies  of  thirty-eight  of  the  dillcri'nt  Eph- 
rata publications  are  now  in  possession  of  .Mr.  .'-^.  II. 
/ahm,  of  Lancaster  City.  \\\-  herewith  give  tlie  titles 
of  those  at  liund  : 

1745.  "  Ur^tandlicbe  und  Erfahrungsvolle  llohe 
/eugniesse,"  etc.  (Testimonies  of  Si)iritual  Life),4lo, 
pp.  294.  This  book  tells  us  about  "  the  joys  of  vir- 
ginity" and  "  the  raptures  of  silence." 

1745.  "Giildene  Aj.fel  in  Silbernen  Schalen" 
(Apple.s  of  Gold  in  Caskets  of  .Silver),  12nio,  pji. 
519. 

1745.  "  Die  ernsthafte  ( 'liristeiipllieht"  iTlie  Earn- 
est Duty  of  Christians),  12n><;  pp.  ll'ii. 

1747.  "  DasGesangder  Einsamen  und  Verlassenen 
Turtel-Taube"  (The  Song  of  the  Solitary  and  for- 
saken Turtle-Dove),  4to,  pp.  359. 

1747.  "Der  Blutige  Schauplatz,  oder  iUiirtyrer 
Geschichte  der  Taufgesinnten"  (The  Bloody  Scaffold, 
or  Baptist  ^Martyrologv),  folio,  pp.  1514.  This  im- 
mense loll,,,  of'whirli  copies  are  still  o.-ei,si„nally 
seen,  was  a  reprint  of  a  work  (irst  pul.lis|,ed  in  lOii- 
rope  in  IGtiO.  It.s  republication  was  undertaken  prin- 
cipally at  the  suggestion  of  the  .Mennonites.  '1  he 
iprinting  occupied  fifteen  of  the  brelbren  almost  con- 
stantly for  three  years.  There  ap|>ear  l(j  have  been 
two  editions,  one  containing  a  frontispiece  with  mys- 
tical figures  and  emblems  intended  for  the  brethren; 
the  other,  w"i\ich  is  by  far  the  most  c.immon,  was 
without  the  emblems,  and  was  probably  intended  for 
circulation  among  the  Mennonites  and  the  great  body 
of  German  Baptists.  Tlie  book  has  been  lVei|ueritly 
reprinted  in  Lancaster  and  elsewhere. 

1752.  "  Erster  Theil  der  Theologiseheii  Leeti.men" 
(Theological  Discourses,  Part  L),  4to,  j)]).  4.'i2. 

1754.  "  Eines  Christen  Ueise"  (Tlie  Pilgrim's  Prog- 
ress), 12mo,  2  parts,  280  and  264  pages.  The  lirst 
edition  of  "  Bunyan's  Pilgrim's  Progress"  ever  pub- 
lished in  America. 

1755.  "Nachklang  zutn  Gcsangder  Einsamen  'i'lir- 
tel-Taube"  (Echo  of  tb.'  Song  of  the  S.ililary  and 
Forsaken  Turlle-D.ue),  4lo,  pp.  111. 

175G.  "Das  Bruderlied,  o.ler  Em  Auslbiss  (iottes" 
(The  Brothers'  Song,|,4lo,  pp.  30. 

1750.  "  Ein  Angenehmer  Geruch  der  Ivosen  und 
der  Lilien"  (The  Pleasant  Odor  of  Poses  and  Lilies  i, 


dated  at  Bethania,  the  brothers'  house  ;  the  second  is 
said  to  have  been  composed  in  Sarou,  the  dwelling  of 
the  sisters. 

1759..  M.  Tobias  Wagner's  "  Abschieds-Reile  an 
seine  Lutherische  Gemeinden"  (M.  Tobias  Wagner's 
Valedictory  Discourse),  pamphlet,  p|i.  9. 

17i;2.  M.  Valentin  Wndrian's  "  Oreutz  Sclmle" 
(Wudrian's  School  of  the  Cross),  8vo,  pp.  405. 

1702.  "  Neu  vermehrtes  (iesang  der  einsamen  Tur- 
tle-Taube"  (Improved  edition  of  the  Song  of  the  Soli- 
tary Turtle-Dove). 

1703.  "Eine  Kurze  Vorstellung  des  Theils  von 
Africa,  welches  bewohnt  wird  von  Negroes"  (A  short 
account  of  Africa),  Svo,  ])p.  107.  A  book  against  the 
slave-trade. 

1704.  "Von  der  llistoria  des  Apostolischen  Kamp- 
fes"  (The  History  of  the  Apostolic  ConHict),  Svo, 
pp.  388. 

1704.  "Desjiingeren  Nicodemi  Evangelium"  (The 
Gospel  of  St.  Nicodeimis). 

1705.  "  A  Dissertation  on  Man's  Fall — Translated 
from  the  High  German  Original,"  Svo,  pj).  37.  The 
author  was  Conrad  Beissei.  It  is  curious  on  account 
of  its  appearance  in  the  English  language. 

1760.  "  Paradiesisches  Wunderspiel"  (Wonderful 
Melody  of  Paradise),  4to,  pp.  472. 

1707.    "The    Family    Prayer    Book."     Containing 

l.ersonsr     To  which  are  annexed   ,lireeli<,ns   tor  a  de- 


■r   «il 

l.oinled    by    tl 

le    Clinrcl 
eateebisi 

,   of    Engh 
n.      (/(.Heel 

she.l   . 

L-bielly    of  the 

Episeopal 

1   Congreg; 

aster, 

Peijuea,  and  ( 

:ai'rnarvoii 

1.     Printec 

170'.i.  "Christliches  ( Jemnthsgespraeh"  (Christian 
Jleditation),  Svo,  pp.  108. 

177U.  "Die  Ernsthafte  Christen  PIticht"  (The 
Earnest  Duty  of  CFn-istiaus).  A  second  edition  of 
the  book  published  in   1745. 

177:;.  "Delieiae  ICphrateiises,"  Part  I.  (The  De- 
lights of  JCi.hr.ita.)      Discourses  of  Conrad  Beissei. 

17.S(;.  "('iirouii.on  lOpbiatense"  (The  Chronicle  of 
Ephrata).    This  book  contains  a  history  of  the  order. 

17SS.  "Anhang  zum  Widerlegten  Wiedertaufer" 
(Appendi.x  to  the  Confuted  Anabaptist). 

17SS.  "Ap(jlogia,  Oder  Schriftmasige  Verantwort- 
ung"  (Apology,  or  Scriptural  Answer),  pj).  72.  The 
two  books  last  mentioned  were  directed  against  a 
v.dumc  called  "The  Confuted  Anabaptist."  The 
autlKU'ship  of  tlie  second  volume  is  ascribed  to  Ale.K- 
audei    Maek,  Jr. 

179(1.   "MerkwtirdiL'e  Gesebiehte  v<m  einem  Mcn- 


(W. 


M;i 


dea  (' 


by 


Babel), 


841 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY 

liotliek"  (C'liristiaii  Library), 


1702.  "Ohristii 
von  (ieortre  A.  Martin,  Svu,  pp.  14S. 
■      1792.  "Vom    Cliri.slliclifn   (iclnaucli   iler    Lieiltr' 
(The  Christian  Use  of  llyjnns),  12n'io,  pp.  oO. 

1705.  "  Das    Nfue   Testament"    (Tlie    New   Testa-  ' 
nient).  !  tlie  society  Vas    nut 

1705.  "  Tiie  Cheap  and  Famous  Farrier."  |  leadership,  but  of  otli 

It  is  known  tljat  a  large  amount  of  Continental  j  of  which  was  the  fact 
money  was  printed  on  the  old  Ephrata  press  while  |  institutions  like  that 
Congress  was  in  session  at  York,  Pa.,  in  1777-78. 

The  old  Ephrata  printing-press  passed  out  of  pos- 
session of  the  Ephrata  Society  about  tlie  year  1705. 
In  that  year  a  small  hymn-book  I"  Das  Kleine  Da- 
vidische  Psalterspiel")  was  issued  at  Ephrata  by 
Solomon  Mayer.  During  the  earlier  part  of  the 
present  century  Joseph  liaunian,  of  Ephrata,  printeil 
a  number  of  volumes,  among  which  the  ^Vorks  ol 
Jacob    ISoehme    enjoyed     an    extensive     circulation. 

The  most  curious  of  the  later  ICphrata  1 k^  i-  tin 

autobiography  of  Ezekiel  Sangnlei^kr,  which  ua.- 
jiublisheJ  in  numbers  in  1S25.  San-mci-tcr  was  a 
monk  who  was  opposed  to  Beisscl,  and  wIk.  wn.tc  bl- 
own life  as  a  bitter  commentary  on  tlie  "  Cbroni'-oii 
Ephraten.se."  His  writings  remain. d  Inddcn  b.i 
many  years  behind  a  secret  panel  in  tiie  wall  of  hi- 
cell.iind  seem  to  have  been  suppressed  soon  aftei 
their  publication.  Another  Epiirata  i)rinter  \va> 
Jacob  Rush,  who  issued  IJoehme's  "  Christosophie,' 
and  possibly  other  volumes  of  a  simil.ir  character. 

The  volumes  bearing  the  nanio  of  individual  ICph- 
rata  printers   are   not  so   liighly    regaidcd    as    those 

brotherhood. 

The  ancient  press,  which  the  E[)hrata  bretbrci 
kept  almost  continually  employed  for  a  period  o 
more  than  half  a  century,  and  wdiieli  was  continnr. 
in  use  by  individual  ])roprietors  for  an  additi.jiia 
term  of  thirty  years  at  Ka-t,  is  now  in  I'liilailclpliia 
in   ])ossession   of  the   Historical   .Society   of    I'cnnsyl 


already  passed  through  the  period  of  its  greatest 
prosperity.  From  tlds  time  it  steadily  declined  under 
Miller's  charge,  although  it  has  been  generally  ad- 
nntted  tjiat  he  was  much  the  superior  of  Beissel,  both 
in  education  and   natural  talent.     The  decadence  of 


d  by  Beissel  at  Ei)hrata 
could  flourish  and  grow  on  American  soil.  All  of  its 
history  that  is  of  much  interest  closes  with  the  close 
of  the  Revolution.  Yet  a  few  years  longer  it  con- 
tinued to  exist  with  something  of  its  original  forms 
and  surroundings,  but  at  the  end  of  a  (prnrter  of  a 
century  it  had  ceascil  to  be  more  than  a  mere  relic 
and  reminder  of  tbe  prnspcnius  community  that 
Father  Fried,sam  had  hcl.l  in  charge  years  before. 

Of  tbe  Ephrata  brethren  and  sisters  there  remained 
at  the  close  of  the  last  century  only  a  few  superannu- 
ated persons  iidiabiting  the  houses  "  Hethania"  and 
•'^aron."  But  the -inters -killed  in  penman-hip  were 
n<.  longer  seen  at  tlieir  w..rk  in  tbe  writing  and  music 
rooms;  the  singing-  and  S 
closed  years  before;  the  pa| 
the  famous  printing-press,  ib 
some  extent,  bad  pas-c.l  fi 
brethren.  Tbe  principal  bn 
ing;  they  and  tlieir  inmalc 
gether.     To  insure   the  sup| 

hold  the  property  nl'  the  con 
presenleil   to  tbe  Legislatur 

monastic  branch  of  the  Ephrata  Society  "is  reduced 
to  a  few  aged  and  inhrm  mendiers  who  are  incapable 
of  managing  tlu-ir  estate,  and  upon  whose  death  the 
same  will  pn.bably  b.-cunic  extinct, ".and  a-king  for 
an  a.t  .d'  incui  p,,rali..n.  .Vc-uidiiiLdy  an  act  wa. 
passed    Feb.    -Jl,    IS14,    inrurpor.iling  ■■  The   (iermaii 


ly-scb 

lol    had    1 

een 

r- 

llill     w 

IS  .silent, 

md 

1  yet  i 

1  operatio 

1  to 

,1 

the  c 

)ntrol   of 

the 

di 

igs  we 

re  still  St; 

nd- 

In 

ving  g 

rown  gray 
latter  du 

to- 

id 

to  sen 

re  and  leg 

illy 

ill 

litv,  a 

memorial 

was 

se 

tting 

orth   that 

tbe 

Soon  after  the  close  of  the  French  and  Indian  war  (iorgas,  Abel  Wiliner,  S.i 
the  English  government  ap|.ointed  cnmini-ion.  rs  to  '  Kimniel,  dr.,Obed  F.dme 
visit  Ephrata  for  tbe  purpo-e  of  learning  sonieibing  maelier,  trustees  of  tbe  soci 
of  this  |ieculiar  instituti(ni.  Upon  their  vi-iting  tbe  trustees  were  chosen  from  t 
place  they  were  charmed  with  what  they  saw  and  year  1875  disputes  aro-e, 
heard,  particularly  with  the  sweet  singing  of  the  '  divided  into  two  oppo-ing  I 
brethren  and  sisters.  Some  of  the.  written  music  of  |  res|n;ctive  board.s  of  trustee. 
"Saron"  was  sent  by  them  as  a  present  to  the  royal  legal  and  legitinudc  one) 
family,  wdio,  being  greatly  pleased  with  it,  sent  in  re-  courts  for  possession  of  the 
turn  a  present  inclosed  in  a  box.  Some  months  after  ;  said  to  be  worth  only  abou 
the   box    was    received    at    ICphrata,    and    privately  |       In  membership  the  Epb 


opened  by  I'Viedsam  and  the  new  prior,  I'ett 
and,  after  examination,  the  box  with  its  con 
buried  in  a   secret  i)laee,  ami  has  never  be( 


.Mille 


o  about 


y  pi"l"-r[y,  wnicn  is 
ilv  thousand  dollars, 
vieiety  li.is  dwindled 
ee-fourtlis  of  wdiom 
id  spirituality  of  the 
lie  measure  departed 


Alter  more  than  forty  years  ot  spiritual 
(Jonrad  Beissel  died  in  17G8.  IVter  Mil 
Jalhez),  the  new  prior,.tlien  suee.'e.lcd  I. 
of  the  congregation  and  brotherhood,  wh 


aolber  years  of  age,  tbe  ol 
:diaige  '  contesting  boards  n 
d  then      the  pending  litigati 


EPIIKATA   TOWNSHIP.  843 

Ephrata  Monument  Association.— Long  after  \  east  corner  df  the  towiislup,  ami  is  about  fifty  years 
the  Iniltles  of  (iennurilown  ami  Hiainlywine,  and  long  '  of  age.  There  was  no  parlieular  design  on  the  part 
■after  the  Ephrata  eloister.s  had  been  oeenpied  as  lios-  j  of  the  owners  of  the  land  upon  whieh  the  hamlet  is 
jiitals  for  the  wounded  soldiers  in  those  battles,  and  !  situated. in  building  a  town,  and  when  the  place 
those  that  died  had  been  buried  in  a  field  not  far  dis-  1  began  to  assume  the  dignity  of  a  village  a  few  of  the 
tant,  did  the  patriotism  of  the  people  become  aroused  inhabitants  met  ac  the  village  tavern  to  fix  upon  a 
to  the  fact  that  the  deeds  of  those  noble  heroes  now  j  name,  and  finally  selected  that  of  New  ]!erlin,  by 
dead  should  in  .some  way  beeommemorated.     True,      whieh  it  has  since  been  known. 

the  grounds  in  which  they  lay  bivouacked,  jiatiently  ,  Akron  is  a  small  hamlet  and  railroad  station  on 
awaiting  (labriel's  reveille  lo'  be  sounded,  had  been  |  the  Reading  and  Columbia  Railroad.  Here  is  a  post- 
inclosed  by  a  common  fence,  and  over  the  gateway  '  oHice,  store,  etc.,  with  a  population  of  three  hundred 
was  l>ainted  the  fidlowing  inscription:  ,  and  twenty-five.     Valuation   of  real   estate,  :<85,.SO0. 

[  Number  of  properties,  si.xty-foui'. 
•■Iia.,  Kulu.„.lia(;c-bd„ovk.u.rS„i.i.,ter."  ^       Hahnstown,   another  small   hamlet  of  this  town- 

Yet  this  iliil  not  satisl'y  the  patriotic  ard(ir  burning  |  ship,  has  a  population  of  one  hundred,  and  a  vaUia- 
in   the   bo-om.,  of  the  citizens  <if  Kphrata,   therefore      tion  of  .s;22,2l"»0,  with  twenty  properties, 
a  public  meeting  was  called,  measures  taken,  and  the  Greenville  has  a   p..pulation  of  one  hundred,  and 

above-named  association  was  subse(iuently  chartered  a  valuation  of  :r4U,i;on,  with  twenty  jiroperties. 
liy  the  State  authorities,  and  on  Sept.  11,  isi'.,  the  Baptist  Brethren,  or  Dunkers.— This  organiza- 
corner-stone  of  what  was  to  be  a  monument  wa-  laid  tion,  anumg  the  oldest  and  most  prominent  in  this 
with  the  usual  ceremonies  on  such  occasions.  It  was  ^ection  of  the  county  and  f^phrata  townslii|j,  have 
to  be  some  sixty  feet  in  height,  but  for  lack  of  gov-  live  houses  of  worship.  Mohler's,  one  mile  east  of 
eminent  aid,  no  dotibt,  it  never  reached  an  altitude  of  Ephrata  village  and  near  the  Reading  and  Columbia 
over  six  feet.  Railroad,   is  the  largest  of  the  five.     The  building 

There  it  stands,  a  square  pile  of  hewn  red  sand-  stands  ou  a  plot  of  one  and  a  haU'  acres  of  land,  is 
stone,  with  hundreds  of  s.|uare  block-  of  the  same  built  of  stone,  an.l  in  size  is  (illy  by  eighty  feet,  and 
material  laving  around  the  loundation  ready  to  take      built    m    1872.     Building    committee,  ,lohii    L.    and 

their  place'in  the  .dieli.sk   and   do   h r  to  the  noble      Simon  .M.diler. 

dead.      Rut,  ala-,!  ahis!   the  parsimony  .,f  a  great  gov-  On  the  »ite  of  the   ]. resent  cliur.h   a  school-house 

ernmeni   allows   it-   noble  defenders   to  lie  bencatb  a      was    built   in    l.s:!S   or    ls:;!l,    an.l    occupied    both    for 
field  covered  with   bramble-,  and    brieis,  iii-fad  of  a      school  and  cbuicli    pl^■po^e,-    until  its    de-truclion   by 
monument  that  could  be  pointed   to  with  pride  and      fire,  which  oc,  nrred  in  the  winter  of  18o9-tl0. 
be  an  honor  to  a  great  and  powerful  nation.  Tlie  religious  society  at  llii-  place  was  organined  in 

Lincoln  (formeidy  New  Ephrata)  is  situated  tw.i  |,s.-.;i,  and  c.illcd  th.'  "  Kphiata  Congregation,"  and  in 
miles  west  Irom  old  Ephrata,  on  the  old  Downingtowii,  IStll  a  stone  nieetiiig-hou-e  was  built  upon  the  Mte  of 
Ephrata  and  llarrisburg  turnpike,  which  followed  the  old  scliool-hou-e.  and  the  piv-cnt.  <me,  as  above 
the  old  road  lea.ling  from  Philadelphia  to  I'axtang.      .staled,    built    in    1ST2.      I'lc-eiit    membei.-l.ip    of   this 

.March  2><,  1813,  John  Reist  purchased  twenty-live  eongregaticm,  tw<.  hundred  and  .seventy.  This  meet- 
acres  of  land  from  Philip  Kraig  and  Elizabeth,  his  [  iiig-house  is  dc-i-nated,  on  accouiil  of  the  capacity 
wife,  and  the  same  year  laid  the  same  out  into  buihl-  '  of  the  bouse,  as  tlie'phice  for  holding  annual  lovc- 
iiig  lots  and  naiiieil  the  town  ■'  New  Ephrata."  Diir-  ^  fea-ts  f.ir  the  E,i-l  Conestoga  District,  ou  which  oc- 
ing  the  admini-tralion  of  the  late  lauieiiled  Pre-idciit  '  ca-ioii  the  hou-e  i.s  none  too  large  to  accommodate 
Lincoln  the  name  was  changed. 

Reuben  \V.  Bard,  a  former  postmaster,  and  one  of 
the  innuential  men  of  that  part  of  the  township.  He 
was  born  near  llinkletown,  and  came  to  Lincoln  and 
engage.l  in  mercantile  bu-ille-^,  and  in  1.SS2  was 
elected  one  of  the  po<H-  directors  of  Lanca-tcr  County. 
He   has   also   held   other  olllecs  ol   honor  and   Irii.-t.      town. 

Thereareatpresent  at  Lincoln  twelve  liii-iiies^  places.  Royer's  Middle  Creek  Meeting'.— This  congre- 
The  present  store  and  |iost-ol!iec  is  kept  by  L  A.  gallon  is  in  what  is  known  as  llic,  Wi'st  tJoncstoga 
Suavely.  The  building  ba.  been  occupied  as  a  store  1  )islrict,  alihougli  in  fiidirat.i  township.  The  original 
since  1852.  The  Union  IToU-e  was  opened  as  a  hotel  building  at  this  place  was  also  oecupied  a.,  a  school- 
in  lS7i>.  This  is  a  thriving  litlle  !,,»  ii,  growing  in  hoiis,.  and  meetin-j-hoii-.^  combined,  and  was  built  of 
favor  a-a  plea-ant  plae,-  |o|-  li.e  location  ol  retired  lo^-  in  |s-l,  and  -n  l.-e.pieni  I  v  a  Irame  ad.litioi.  to 
farmer- and  ol  her-.  Popul.itioii,  about  live  hundred 
valuati.m  of  real  e-tatc,  .:^17:i,'JU0  r  number  of  prope, 
lies,  ninety-three. 

New  Berlin  is  a  scattering  village  near  the  soulli 


'i'he  mil 

d-t\"V  i'n'  t 

n  Christian  worshipers. 

hi-  eoiigregalioti  have  been  C. 

ioinbergei 

■,  ,1.  Plont/, 
,  Isaac  K ell, 

I-.  Mvers,  Israel  Wenger,  Wil- 
.,,  and. ■Samuel  llarley  as  bishop. 

The    mi 
erve  the 

ulsters    that 
congregatio 

>ir\e  this  congregation  also 
ns   at   Spiiiigville   and   Hahns- 

844  HISTORY    OF    LANCASTKR   COUNTY. 

the  house  having  been  built  large  for  tliat  purpose.  ^  the  Lutheran  congregation,    tor  a  seiiool-house  ami 

Tlie  present  menibersliip  at  Iloyer's  is  two  huniheil.     '  l)urying-ground."     This  hmd  liail  l)evii  [lureliaseJ  in 

■     Tlie  ministers  serving  tliis  congregation  liave  lieen  17r>3,  niiieyears  previc.u-ly,  but  the  ducd  was  not  given 

Christian   Kupp,  Jacob  IMbutz,  Chri.sliaii  Boniberger,  untill7a2.    The  laii.l  issaul  to  I_m-   '  situate,  lying,  and 

Jose])li  Myers,  James  Plbutz,  George  15inganian, '  Ijeiiig  in  Earl  townshi|i." 

(iibble,  and  John  ^Moyer.     Previous  to  the  building  Tlie  lirst  cliureli,  built  al)ont  the  year  1753,  was  a 

of  these   large  liouses  of   worship   the  aiuuial   love-  log  edifice,  weather-l)oarded  ;   it  stood  nearly  a  hun- 

feasts  were  held  in  the  larger  barns  of  some  of  the  drcd  years,  and   in    l.S-iS  gave  way  tci  the  handsome 

members.  edifice  on  the  hillside  at   present  used  by  the  congre- 

Steinmetz  Meeting  also  belongs  to  the  West  Con-  gation.    Tlie  first  pastor  wu.  .I..lin  Tbcphilus  Engel- 

estoga  District,  and    is   situated  we:,t  Irom   Ephrata  loud,  from  175.3  until  17'.s ;  J,, |,,i  tiamuel  Swerdfeger, 

village,  on  tiie  line  of  the  Reading  and  Columbia  from  1758-U3;  William  Kurt/.,  17(i3-81 ;  John  Daniel 

Railroad.    The  meeting-house  at  this  place  was  built  j  Schneter,  1781-S4;    iMederieli  Mel.sheimer,  1785-90; 

by  the  general  contributions  of  the  community,  and   '  Ifeinrich  ]\[oeller,  17'.)I)-'J8;  John   Plitt,   1798-1813; 

is  occupied  both  for  school  and    religious  purpo.ses.  Peter  Filbert,  1813-23;  John   F.  Engle,   for  a  brief 

Present  membership  aixmt  fifty.  period;  Charles  Riitze,  1823-25;  John  W.  Richards, 

There  are  also  congregations  at  Munima's  and  at  '  1825-34;  S.  Truuibaur,  1835-56;   D.  P.  Rosenmiller, 

Springville,   with    a    membersliip    of    twenty  at    the  '  185G-5S;  G.  :\I.   Mertz,   1858-5!!;  S.  R.  Boyer,  1859- 

former  and  seventy-five  at  the  latter  place.                      ,  US;  R.  S.  Wagner,   lS(;9-73;  8.  S.  Henry,  1873-82; 

The  time  of  services  are  so  arranged  that   they  are  J.  II.  Umbeiilieii.  the  present  pastor.     The  eliureh  is 

held  at  no  two  points  U|)on   the  same  day,  therefore  built  on   a   road   leading    linm    the    llarrisburg  and 

giving  the  membership  an  opportunity  of  attending  Downingtown  turnpike  over  the  E.phrata  Mountains, 

each  pl.aee  of  worship.  hence  its  name,  "  P.ergslrass." 

At  each  of  the  al)ove-named  places  of  worship  are  We  lind  by  tlie  records  that  tlie  fir^t  church-book 

cemeteries,   each   of  which    has   been   occupied    a->  a  was   purchased  Feb.  7,  175,!,  and   cost   live  shillings. 

burial-place  for  over  a  hundred  years.     Tlie  land  tin-  The  fcdiowiiig-nauied  pei-ui.  were  among  theoriginal 

the  cemetery  at  Royer's  was  donated  by  .\nio.  l;,.yer,  membersof  the  old  HeiLi-,!!;,-.  Church  :  Philip  Hcliwer- 

and   the   first   interment   was   that  of  the  remains  of  inschall,    Henry    .-^uwir,    .lobu     iiernhardt    Frankly, 

Michael    Pfoutz,  a,   near  as  can   be  a-eerlained    lr.>m  ( 'liri-I..pli    K'olpp.    .Mailin    I'.ruwn,    .Michael    Oberliii, 

the  inscription   on   t..mb.toue  one   hundred  and  lorly  f.lia-^  .Mver^  P.enj.iuiiii   \.r.\^,  Uudolpb   Hreneisen. 

years  ago.  The   pie^ent   ebuieh   edifice  is  of  iuiek,  and  valued 

Lincoln  Salem  Church. —This  is  a  Liillieran  organ-  at  ten  ihou-^aiid  ilollais,  loeeliier  with  the  sexton's 
ization,  and  the  house  of  worship  built  as  a  I'uion  hnu.e  and  ground,  brbm^ing  to  the  cliurcb.  The 
Reformed  and  Lutlieran  Church.  The  fir.,l  c.m^;re-  pie^nt  cliur,  li  building  wa,  built  in  1848,  the  coriier- 
gation  was  organized  in  February,  ls52,  and  in  ilie  stone  having  luen  laid  .May  7lh  of  tliat  year,  and  tlie 
spring  of  1853  the  first  church  otiicer.  were  elected,  eburrh  eduice  dedicated  May  27,  1849..  The  building 
as  follows:  Elder.s,  William  K.  Jstober  and  (ieoige  committee  were  Jcdin  11.  liitzer,  Zaccheus  Killian. 
Rentz  (J\Ir.  Bentz  subsequently  removed  from  the  Henry  Bard,  and  tJurtis  Fry.  The  church  officer.^  at 
place,  when  ,\llen  Harker  was  elected  to  1111  vacancy  I ;  that  time  were  as  follows:  Trustees,  David  Wade, 
Trustees,  Peter  Hacker,  Andrew  I'.nek  ;  Heacoiis,  Henry  Bard,  Richard  Killian,  and  Jacob  Holsinger ; 
John  Slriner,  Jacob  Hacker;  Treasurer.  Levi  ;S.  Deacons,  .Samuel  Hoelfer,  George  Withers,  and  Cur- 
Hacker,  lis  Fry.    Present  membership,  one  hundred  and  fifty. 

The  ministers  who  have  served  this  congregation  Otncers  for  1883:  Trustee,  Henry  Snyder;  Elders, 

since  June  5, 1853,  were Harpel,  D.  P.  Kosemiller,  Jacob   S.    Kemper,    I.saac    Miller,    Adam    McCloud  ; 

S.  R.  Boyer,  George  A.  Trabert,  C.  A.  Felzer,  and  E.  [  Deacons,    Isaac    Jacoby,    E.    S.    Killian,    Lemon    B. 

S.  Brownmiller,  the  present  pastor.      Present  member-  fraiikford. 

ship,  one  hundred.  Tbe  eeiuelery  adjoiniug  the  church  is  the  resting- 

Bergstrass  Church.— The  first  notice  of  the  church  place  of  many  of  (lie   piominent   citizen,-  of  the  Mir- 

is   an    article   <il    agreement    among    twelvi     citizen-,  rounding     country,     and     contains     many     beautilul 

dated   Erleii  Town^  May  18,  1752,  bu-  the  purpo-e  of  monnmeuts. 

building  a   church   and   calling  a   niinist.  r.    Then  Ephrata,  Evangelical  Lutheran  Congregation 

comes  tbe  ■'Cbiiich    I'.o.ik   (recm-d)  for  the  congiega-  was  organized  at   Deiiing    Hall,  where   meetings  had 

ti.m  in  E.arlingsDown,  «hieh  the  .same  has  purelia,ed  fre.)Uently  been    held,  which    led    t.i   the    buibling  of 

.,ut  of  the  eommou  trea-iii y  lor  5  -liilliiig,,,  the  7lh  llieir  present  san.Ltonc  ebureli  .diUce,  lorly  b>  >iMy- 

dav    of   febiu.iry,  17:.;;,-       Oil    Feb,    -7,    I7i;2,   (!e(uge  live    feet,   the   corm-r-sloiie    beiiiu    laid    iii    .M  a  \  ,   |sr,:i, 

Weriies   and    bis    wile,   Mary    Klizabeth,  gave   a   deed  and  the  building  dedicated  llei..b,.r  llltli  ol    the  same 

for  two  acres  .,f  ground  for  two  pounds  len  sbillini.;-  year,     'fbe  lii.~l  paMor  u  a-  Kev.  (Ieoige   fr.ibert,  who 

to  Andrew  Kweigart   and   Conrad    Hreiiei-ei,  in   tniM.  reni.iiiud    from    ]SC,'.I  to    lS7:i,  and  was  succeeded   by 
"for   the   proiier   u-e  ami   behoof  of  the   members  of  .   Kev.  C.   A.   Fctzer   from    1874  to   1881,  when   he   was 


EFIIRATA   TOWNSII 


845 


succeeded  by  Re 


E.   S.   liro 


pre 


iiized 
shin  « 


I 


Reformed  Church  of  Lincoln  was  or; 

18.-,:!,  in  whicli  year  (he  |>re^enl  house  of  w 
built  Ijy  this  and  the  Lutlierari  eoiigrefratinii.  The 
corner-stone  was  hiid  Oct.  10,  1852,  and  hnu-e  dedi- 
cated May  29,  1858.  The  original  meiiiheis  were 
Henry  Aiipel,  George  15eeker,  Jacob  lloffinan,  Amelia 
Shirk,  Francis  Witniyer,  Mary  Rock,  John  Wolf,  Eliz- 
abeth Rank,  John  Appel,  Mary  Banner,  Isaac  Beck. 
The  first  church  ollicers  were  as  follows:  Elders, 
Henry  Ajipel,  Jacob  Hoffman;  Trustees,  Francis 
Witmyer,  John  Wolf;  Deacons,  John  Appel,  Isaac 
Beck. 

The  first  .pasior  was  Rev.  Daniel  Hertz,  who  re- 
mained frum  1S.'.2  to  istlii,  and  was  succeeded  by  Rev. 
William  T.  Gerhar.h,  from  18G2  until  1S70,  when  Rev. 
S.  Schweitzer,  the  present  pastor,  was  installeil. 

Present  niembersliip,  one  hundred  and  seventy- 
four;  value  of  church  property,  five  thousand  dollars. 

Rev.  S.  Schweitzer  became  jiastor  of  the  congrega- 
tion, and  preached  his  first  sermon  on  July  23,  1871. 
The  first  communion  was  held  the  following  fall,  on 
September  17th,  when  twenty  persons  presented  them- 
selves at  the  comniunion-table.  Of  this  number  two, 
namely.  Elder  George  Ki~^iiiL;i'r  and  Mrs.  Catharine 
Hershberger,  have  died,  tliiee  have  moved  away, 
and  the  remaining  fifteen  are,  at  the  present  time  of 
writing,enjoying  life  and  health  ami  the  \  i^ilih-  means 
of  grace  I'rom  time  to  time.  At  the  last  communion 
held  the  number  of  communicants  was  one  hundred 
and  tliree.  The  organization  at  present  is  as  follows: 
Elders,  Jacob  Gorgas,  Ira  B.  Zwally,  Daniel  Irwin; 
Deacons,  Martin  Wolf,  Samuel  S.  Erb,  Daniel  B. 
Mellinger;  Trustees,  Samuel  Stuber,  James  Krick ; 
Secretary  and  Treasurer,  L.  E.  Miller;  Organist,  L. 
E.  Miller. 

The  lirst  class  of  catechumens  were  conlirmeil  on 
eight  persons:  Elias 
•^lory,  Emma  liellew, 
Joanna  Flory,  Kate  T.  Irwin,  I'allnirine  Demniv, 
Mary  A.  Wolf. 

Oftliisclass.one,  namely,  Catharine  Denimy,  after- 
wards Bingaman,  died  on  Nov.  28,  1881. 

The  second  class  was  confirmed  on  Nov.  '.I,  1873, 
consisting  of  eleven  persons:  Isaac  Salim,  Maiy 
Grostefahu,  Isabella  Eitnier,  Lavinna  Salmi,  Ihiiimi 
lleistand,  M.-ihala  Reinhold,  Horace  Hei^tand,  El- 
inira  Eitnier,  Christian  Bingaman,  Catlnirine  Stuber, 
Jolm  liingaman. 

Third  class,  Nov.  S,  1874, 
Myers,  Henry  Wolf,  Cecilia 
Samuel  Witnier,  Emma  Beutz, 
Wolf,  Mary  Ann  KallVolh.  Of 
Cecilia  Bentz,  dieil. 

Fourth  class,  on  Oct.  10,  1S7 
D.  [rwin.Mrs.  M.D.Irwin,  Al 
Sallie  Miller. 

Fifth  class,  on  April  22,  1877 


April   27,   18i^,   consisting 
Sahm,  Sarah   E,   Bent/.,  Ev: 


nine  persons:  G.  W. 
Bentz,  L.  E.  Miller, 
Jacob  Elierley,  Annie 


,  five  persons:  .Marti 
■(.'Sahm,  Lucy  Grub: 


Steef,  Alice  Bingaman,  Frederick  Grostefahn,  Mary 
Jlellinger,  Henry  Eelger,  Salinda  Eeisey. 

Sixth  chiss.  May  21,  ls70,  .-ix  |.er-on^:  Mary  Alice 
Nagle,  Lizzie  Kalfroll.,  Anna  ilaheeker,  Alice  Leisey, 
Anna  Fivy,  Sns:iii  Callnninc  Ream. 

Seventh  ,ra-s  April  2.',,  1880,  si. x  persons:  Henry 
W.  .Aliller,  L;iina  Eili,  Jere  Neese,  Anna  Wike,  Susan 
Necse,  Susan  llabecker. 

Eightli  class,  on  April  22,  1882:  Christian  Kramer, 
Anna  Heistand,  Lizzie  Benjamin,  Kate  \Vitmei-, 
Lizzie  Rock,  Mrs.  .Fames  M.  Kri.k,  Anna  Walker, 
Henry  Jlillcr,  Mrs.  Samuel  I).  Erb,  Kate  ( iroff,  Frank 
Grotf. 

Ninth  class,  on  April  21,  1883:  Lizzie  Smith,  Mrs. 
Lizzie  Faust,  Mary  Young,  Ada  Nillen,  Jacob  Swei- 
gert,  Lizzie  Sweigert,  Alma  Kallroth,  Lizzie  Urner, 
Susan  McGuind,  Su^an  Weider,  Henry  Witmyer, 
Adam  Diehl. 

Bethany  Church  is  located  about  one  mile  .south 
from  Ephrata  village. 

United  Brethren  in  Christ.  — During  the  year  1S71 
meetings  were  frequently  held  at  the  house  of  Burton 
Keaner,  and  in  1872,  at  a  Quarterly  Conference  held 
at  New  Holland,  a  board  of  trustees  and  building 
committee  was  appointed,  consisting  of  Messrs.  Levi 
Hoover,  John  R.  Buyer,  and  William  G.  Sprecher, 
who  selected  the  site  whereon  stands  their  present 
church  edifice,  on  Church  Street,  in  Ephrata  village. 

The  corner-stone  of  the  church  edifice,  which  is  of 
brick,  was  laid  July  28,  1872,  and  the  church  dedi- 
cated (HI  the  first  Sabbath  of  December  of  the  same 
year. 

The  above-named  peroinis  were  the  original  mem- 
bers, and  in  1883  the  inembcrshii)  numbered  fifty-six. 
The  first  pastor  was  Rev.  JI.  J.  .Mumma,  wdio  served 
two  years,  and  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  J.  F.  Moneer, 
three  years;  Revs.  S.  R.  Grabill  and  J.  M.  Gruff,  one 
year;  Rev.  Israel  Carpenter,  one  year;  and  Rev.  P. 
A.  Bowman,  the  present  pastor,  who  has  already 
served  this  j.rople  four  years. 

New  Mennonites.--4"lii-  branch  of  the  Christian 
Church  is  represented  in  I'.phrata  township  and  vil- 
lage, hut  have  no  In. use  <d  w.n'sbip  of  their  own. 
Brv.  A.  S.  Kurt/   holds  oer:,sional   services  in  Eniou 


The  Old  Mennonites 

;il   the  same    i.larr   lor   t 


Lincoln  Congregational  Church  was  organized 
Feb.  IiJ,  18i;!l,  with  the  following-named  members: 
R.  W.  Bard  Daniel  Wingmroth,  M.  D.  Hoover,  Levi 
Heck,  anil  II.  C.  Cooprr.  The  first  three  named  were 
the  original  trusters.  Their  church  building  is  of 
brick,  thirty-six  l.y  fiftv  leet,  and  valued  at  two 
thousand  dollars.  The  corner-stone  was  laid  .Inne 
2,  1872,  ami   the  church   forniallv  dedicated   Oct.   l:;. 


persons:  Peter      Rev.  D.  Lentz,  one  year;  Jacob  Zern,  one  year;  A. 


84G  HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER    COUNTV. 


Slniltz,  one  year;  Keiibei)  Dnibelbeia,  one  year ;  C.  S.  inj^  ol' the  citizens  interested  in  iiniineiiil  mutters,  lield           | 

Brown,  oneye:ir;  William  lleim,  one  year;  A.  Kern-  at  tli.'  Mount  Vernon   llnu-l,  Fell.  4,  ISSl.                                | 

pie,  two  years;  A.  M.  .-^anij.M  II,  one  year ;  F.Seelirist,  Mr.  W.  /..  Scnei  wa^  ehu-.n  |nesiilent  of  the  meet-           j 

one  year;  F.  Seehri-t  ami  W.  IL  I'.ieksler,  one  year;  in-,  an.l'Samnrl    Ni-.ly,    i;-.).,   ap|M,inteil   secretary.           I. 

F.  Seclirist  and  1).  d.  Kcinhold,  one  year;  J.  L.  War  The  am..unt  of  capital  slu.k  wa.  ll.Kcd  at  sev,-nty-ltve           | 

nerand  I.  F.  Ileisler,  oneyear;  A./eigenfussand  A.  thon-and   dol'lar.^,   and    the    following-named   jHisons           * 

15.  Saylor,  one  year.  elected  directors  ,,f  the  l.ank  :   \V .  Z.  Sener,  E.  Konig-           ^ 

Akron  Congregational  Church  was  organized  at  maeher,  .1.  ^\'.  Landis,  11.  IS.  Elierly,  John   Y.  Weid-           V 

Akron   in   ISVo,  and   in   ISTC,  a  frame  ehureli  editiee  man,  Samuel   Itoyer,   A.  ,T.  Ream,  R.  P..  liitzer,  Levi 

was  built  and  de.licated  tlie  same  year  at  a  cost  <d'  I5ard,  J.  B.  Keller,    Ueul.eu   Jieidenbach,  John  .-^el-           j 

nearly   lilteen    hundred    d.dlars.     The  olli,-ial    hoard  domridge.  and  R.  \V.  Bard.                                                            \, 

of  the  chureh    in    iss:;  eoiiMsted   ..f  .Martin   Reuben,  The  board  of  director,   then   proceeded  to  the  elec-            , 

Willian,  If  Alhri-ht,  Frank  Zwally,  and  ,<.  K.  W.df  tion   of  oflieers,  as   follows:    President,  W.  Z.  ^^ener;           \ 

Present    membership,    seventy.      The   same    j.a.tors  Secretary,  E.  Konigmacher.                                                          ] 

served    this    jH.Mjple    that    ser\ed   the   coiiL'rcgation   at  The   banking-house    was  formally   ope^iied    for   the           \ 

Lincoln.  transaction   of  hu.siness   A])ril   18,  18S1,  having  been 

Union   Chapel.-This  building  is  the   property  of  |   located    in   a  r n    formerly   occupied   by    E.   Konig-  | 

no  particular  -ect  or  denomination  of  Christians,  and  j  macber  as  a  drug--.loie. 

was  built   by  the  voluntary  ontributions  of  the  eiti-  '       Cocalico   Lodge,   No.   400,   K.  of  P.,   was  insti- 

zens  of  Epbrata  and  other  places.     The  object  of  the  tuted  in  Ephrata  village,  June  1"J,  1S7S,  with  the  fol- 

building  was  to  furni-h  a  suitable  place  for" iiobling  a  lowing-named   charter  nieudiers,  who   were  als.,  the 

Lnion  Sabbath-school.    The  huilding  committee  con-  tirst  officers:  P.  t'.,E.  ,s.  Koyer;  ('.('.,  Israel  Bushong; 

si-ted  ol   the  followinii-namid  per-oi'is:    1).  R.  Hurt/,  V.  C,  Samuel  Slough;  l'...Iohn  R,.land;  Iv.  of  P.  :uid 

president;   J.    B.    Keller,    Iv    K.migmacber.  \Villiam  S.,  John   S.  Noble  ;   .M.  of  F.,  IL  S.  Kaulluian  ;    K.  of 

^L  (Jverly,  and  J.  S.  Sliar]..  E.,  Isaac  Strolil  ;  I.  (L,  John  B.  Zwalley  ;  (<.  (b,  it.  S. 

The  grl.uml  was  broken  and  consecrated  by  Revs.  Retlew  ;  Rep.  to  G.  L.,  E.  S.  Royer. 

Tohias^md  Schweitzer,  Sept.  14,  l{<8:i.     The  corner-  The  regular  meetings  of  the  lodge  are  hehl  in  the 

stoned'  the  building  was   laid   by  the  Jlasonic   Ira-  third  story   of  Strobl's  block  on   Friday  evening  .d' 

ternity,  ace,,rding  to  the  :\Ia.sonic  ritual,  on  Oct.  S,  each  week.     Pre-eul  mendiersjiip,  twenty-sbv. 

ISM",   and    in    .March,   1883,  the   Union   Chapel   was  The  officers  in   August,  18S3,  were  :    P.  C,  (icrge 

chartered  hv  the  Stale  aulhorilies,  with  the  folh.win-  Kegereise  ;   C.   C,    Daniel    Munshower;    V.   C,  J,  E. 

named   tin-tee-   .\.    k-onigmacber,   president;   D.  K.  Re.ssler;  P.,  J.   W.   Leber;   M.  of  F.,    David   Miins- 

llertz,  seerelaiy  ;   S.  U.  lle-s,  J.  B.  Keller,   and   J.  S.  bower;   :\L  of  E.,  Isaac  Strohl  ;    K.  of   K.  and   S.,  H. 

Sharp.  B.  Keller;  M.  at  A.,  John  Smith;   1.  ('..,  Harney  Bar- 

Schools.— In    188:',    the   value   of  school    property  ringer ;.  O.  G.,  John  Stnber. 
in  F.phrata  was  sixteen  thou-and   live  hundred  dol-  The  Northern  Mutual  Insurance-Company,  lo- 
bars.     Amount   id'  tax   le\ie,l    :,iid    raised    for   sclioid  cated  at  Ephrata  \  illage,  w.i-  organized  at  a  meeting 

dred    dollars.  ^Number    o'f    seboobhoiises,    lourteen;  held  at  the  house  of  Jacob  Reddig,  A  pril  27,  1^44.                  ' 

number  of  schools,  sixteen;    iiumber  of  teachers,  six-  _         _                                                              k, 

teen;   :.\eragc    salarv    ol'    tea.-bers    per    month,    forlv 

dollars;    number  of   pupil-  in    .he   township,   seven  |i  [  U  C  It  A  I' II  1  ( '  A  L      SKETCHES.                  | 

hundred  and   fifty-nine;   length   of -ehool   term,  six 

and  one-half  mouths.  1 

Physicians,— Among    the    earlier    pby-icians    of  •'-\'"l'   ^VI,s|,t;i;    l..\.\Dl';s. 

Ephrata   were   Drs.  Gershon  Wenger  and   II.  Reiin-  The  Landes  lamily  is  of  Swiss  origin,  and  the  an-           i 

snyder,  who  were  located  at  Akron,  and   |uaetieed  in  ce-ior-  of  the  family  eimgialed  from   that  coniilry  to          (, 

this  township  tbr  over  twenty-five  years  e:ieh.      Dr,  1).  Ihe  rnilcd  Stale-  at   a   \  cry  early  day,  and  took  U|i          . 

E.  Shirk  practiced  at  Lincoln  for  about  twenty  year-.  Ins  seltlemeiil  with  the  pioneers  of  Lancaster  County.          V 

I.  M.  Grolf  at    Ephrata   for   ten   years,  and   died   in  .lolin,  of  the  second  generation,  resided  where  Michael            j 

1871;.     A.  S.  Brnbaker  wasat  Akron   in   the   practice  Keller  now  live-,  in  F.phrata  township.     He  engaijed          % 

of  medicine  for  about  seven  years.  in  ibe  ardimu-  dniie-  ol   pioneer  agrieulture,  married 

The  im^sent  physiri„ns  of  the  town-hip  are  Dr.  D.  a  Mi-s  MohUr,  and   had  a  patriarchal  family  of  chil- 

J.  MeCaa,  who    loealcl    in     F.phrala    in    l87o ;    Dr.  J.  d.eii.      .Vmbn-   the-e    w  eie   .Vbrabam,  who   sueceed.'d            l_ 

Ghailes,    loraled    al    laneoln    in   1  S7.-. ;    Dr.    ,1.    Ihaeli,  bi-lalbei  on  llieold  hone-lead;  Da  vid,  w  ho  engaged            1 

located  al   .\kron  ill  bsr;),  and  Dr.  . I.  Kreider,  located  in    laimiiigiii    We-l    (Cocalico    town-liip;     Idizabel  li,            \ 

in  ISS;!.      Dr.  I.  .Vrnislroi,^  loe.ilJd  at  llinkletown  in  who    married   .lolin  Sliurr,  and    resided   where   .lacol.           I 

1874.  W.    Landes'    teiianl-hoiise    now    ,s,    :,ih1    .laeol,,    the           £f 

Ephrata  National  Bank  was  organized  at  a  meet-  gramlfalher  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch.     The  latter          I 


li 


^^^^-^^^ 


z/jy^^uyt 


f 


EPIIIIATA  TOWNSHIP. 


847 


married  Elizabetli  ^r  el  linger, 
ilv  derive.l  his  l)OHi,_.>ttM.l  I 
.tacob  W.  Liu.ilcs,  ulio  i,  tlir 

Landt'S   grew   to   years  of   m; 

Elizabeth,  Anna,  and  Jaeob  (:id).  None  of  the  chil- 
dren married,  save  Jaeob,  who  passed  his  entire  life- 
He  led  a  i.iaiM,  indu-tri.Hi.  life,  l,oldin-  liiioself  aloof 
from  public  allair^,  and  Mi-lainiii-  a  reputation  for 
integrity  and  upright[ie>s  in  the  eonimnnity  in  wliieli 
he  dwelt.  He  married  Slagdalena,  daughter  of  J.uob 
Wissler,  of  Eidirata  township,  and  had  three  chil- 
dren, who  attained  adult  years,  viz.,  Elizabeth,  who 
became  tlie  wife  of  Levi  Landes,  of  Ephrata  town- 
ship, Jacob  W.,  and  Mary,  widow  of  Simon  P.  A. 
Weidman,  a  deceased  niereliant  of  Clay  township. 

Jacob  W.  Landes  was  born  on  the  larni  where  he 
now  resides  in  Ephrata  towiibhii.,  on  Nov.  2,  1834. 
He  enjoyed  only  a  conimon-scliool  education,  and 
passed  the  earlier  years  of  his  life  as  an  assistant  to 
Ills  father  in  his  agricultural  opeiations.  His  indi- 
vidual business  life  began  in  18(J0,  when  he  cpni- 
Hienced  working  the  home-tract  on  shares,  and  so 
continued  until,  by  the  death  of  his  father  on  Aug. 
30,  1S7G,  he  came  into  po>M-.sion  of  the  farm.  He 
has  continued  to  reside  on  the  old  place  ever  since, 
and  is  recogni/.ed  as  one  of  tlie  successlul  representa- 
tive fanners  of  his  section,  liesides  his  agricultural 
(jperations,  Mr.  Landes  has  engaged  extensively  in 
the  purchase  n]\(\  sale  ol'  horses,  and  is  prominently 
knouM  in  that  trade.  He  has  always  been  willing  to 
c<jntribute  bis  part  lo\\  jids  all  objects  of  a  progress! s'e 
character,  and  is  ranked  with  the  public-spirited  and 
enterprising  men  of  his  township.  He  has  been  a 
member  of  the  board  of  directors  of  the  Ephrata  Na- 
tional Bank  since  the  organization  of  that  institution 
in  1881.  He  married  Sarah,  daughter  of  Curtis  and 
Catharine  (Shower)  Fry,  of  Ephrata  township,  and  lias 
six  children,  viz.,  Alma,  .1.  Harlan,  Anna  C,  Jacob 
C,  faiinia,  and  Charles  .S.  I.and.s. 


nd  through  that  fani- 

the  same   business  at    Hagerstow 

I,  M 

111,   now  occuided    by 

Pa.,  and   other  i.oiuts,  mc 

eliiig  w 

th  v 

bird  generation  to  till 

Hi   the  spring  of  184S   he 

purcln 

sed  1 

he  children  of  Jacob 

Jacob   anJ   Frederick  Sei 

er,  the 

Inni 

urity,  namely,  I\Iaria, 

Lancaster  which    they   h 

id    esta 

sburg. 


brothers, 


UII, 1,1AM    Z.AIIM    ^^1 


.■losely  blentihed  wi 
of  ],;m.ast,.r  Coun 
omiHoi,  ance-tor  ha 


1.,   P 

f  his 
er  b 

d  in  ]8;!2,  jt 
being  the  first"  enterprise  of  the  kind  along  the  line 
of  the  Peun.sylvania  Uailroa<l.  Here  he  continued 
to  engage  in  active  and  successful  business  until  his 
retirement  on  Dec.  -Jl,  1S7I).  He  was  the  loun.ler  of 
the    uell-kiii.wn    lirm   n(  (I,    Senrr    ^    Sons,   of  Laii- 

He  served  as  a  member  of  the  City  Council  of  Lan- 
caster, but  hail  iieilher  ta-ti>  nor  ambition  for  public 
place.  He  married,  Aug.  l:i,  1826,  Rebecca,  daugh- 
ter of  Godfried  Zalini,  of  Lancaster,  and  had  a  family 
of  four  sons  and  three  daughter.s.  The  former  were 
J.  Fredenck  Sener,  Henry  M.,  William  Z.,  and  Ed- 
ward A.  Sener  (deceased),  all  of  whom  were  succes- 
sively admitted  into  partnership  with  their  father, 
and  the  three  remaining  of  whom  coinjiose  the 
present  firm  of  G.  Sener  i*i  Sons.  Gottlieb  Sener 
died  on  Jan.  11,  1877. 

William  /.  Sener  was  born  in  Lancaster  on  Nov. 
25,  1841.  He  completed  liis  academic  education  at 
the  Lancaster  High  School,  in  IS.'iS,  and  subsequently 
engaged  in  school  teaching  in  Upper  Leacock  town- 
ship, and  Manheim,  fir  two  seasons,  earning  his  first 
money  in  u  calling  that  has  claimed  tlie  earliest 
efforts  of  so  many  successful  and  iirominent  men  in 
the  world's  history.  In  18(10  lie  entered  the  eiii|iloy 
of  his  father,  in  Lancaster,  and  devoting  himself  to 
the  study  of  book-keeping,  took  charge  of  the  books 
of  G.  Sener  &  Sons  for  several  years.  In  1862,  upon 
attaining  his  majority,  he  was  admitted  as  a  partner 
in  the  lumber  and  coal  business  of  the  firm.  Soon 
after,  it  being  considered  desirable  to  extend  the 
business  of  the  concern,  Ephrat.i  was  selected  as  the 
point  at  which  a  bnincb  -bould  be  established,  ami 
in  the  fall  of  ISd;!  loj.ioceeded  lo  that  place  an,l  or- 
ganizcii  the  enterprise.  The  Ephrata  branch  of  the 
business,  under  bis  nianagenient,  has  proven  very 
successful,  and  is  recognizeil  as  one  of  the  well-cstab- 

it   is  located.      From  a  small  hamlet,  situated  at  the 


■lop, 


eighteenth   cenlury,  an<l  located  at  Lancasi.r.      (iotl-  ;ind  ucallliv  c, 

lieb  Sener,  son  of  ,I,diu   Sener,   and  grandson  ,,l   the  and  d.\ ,  lopain, 

first  seltK  r,  was  burn  at   Lancaster,  on  .\pnl  1':;,  fSOtl.  not  maccuiale  t, 

He   rcceivc.l   only  a   Inn, id    education,  ami    in    Feb-  m.alel v  idenlihc. 

niaiy,    ISKI,  uei.l    on    loot    to    High    S|.iie,    Dauphin  many'ol'  tlic  e^  i 

ciillery    lu.iioi laci  ui  i  r   .\iili    his   cousin,   John   Sener.  1  liiscntcrpri-c.  pi 

In    August,   ISiiO,   be   reliuned    to  Lancaster,  and   a  city.     He  has  ai 

short  time  after,  in  company  with  Daniel   Holl'man,  iiig  and  ('(dumb 

removed  to   Frederick  'City,  Md.,  where  he  engaged  I  as  express-agent 

in  the  cutlery  business.     He  subsequently  pursued  i  of  the  establisli 


freight-agent 


ranch  of  traffic.     He 


848 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


was  oue  of  the  organizers  of  the  Evangelical  Lu- 
theran Cliurch  of  the  Holy  Trinity  of  Eplirata,  as- 
sisted actively  in  the  building  of  the  cluiruh  edifice 
now  in  use,  and  is  an  otticer  and  regular  attendant 
of  till-  clmrch  at  the  present  writing.  He  was  alsd 
the  main  instigator  of  the  Eplirata  National  ISaid;, 
which  was  organized  in  February,  18S1,  with  acafiital 
of  seventy-five  thousand  dollars,  and  of  which  he  has 
since  been  president.  Three  unsuccessful  attempts 
liad  previously  been  made  to  organize  a  bank  at  that 
place.  Mr.  Sener  enjoys  the  resjiect  and  confidence 
of  the  community  in  which  he  dwells,  and  lends  a 
clieerful  support  to  all  worthy  local  enterprises, 
whether  of  a  material  or  spiritual  character.  He 
married,  in  18ij4,  Sarah  Light,  daugliter  of  Dr.  Wash- 
ington L.  Atlee,  of  Philadelphia.  Her  death  occurred 
in  isil'.i.  In  June,  1874,  lie  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Anna  Y.,  daughter  of  Jacob  and  Elizabeth  Yeis- 
ley,  of  Baltimore,  Md.,  who  is  his  pre=ciit  wife.  Two 
children  have  been  born  of  the  union,  viz.,  Miriam 
and  :Master  Willie  Sener.  who  died  in  the  fimrth  year 
of  his  a-e. 


M.Mll 


•UY. 


John  Fry,  the  great-grandfather  of  the  .subject  of 
this  biographical  sketch,  w:is  of  Swiss  parentage,  and 
resided  in  the  inwnship  of  < 'o.  ahco,  where  he  was 
both  farmer  and  miller.  His  si.-v  children  were  Jacob, 
JIartin,  Peter,  John,  Grace,  and  Mary.  Peter,  who 
was  the  grandfather  of  Martin  S.,  was  bom  on  the 
homestead,  where  he  succeeded  his  father  in  the  cul- 
tivation of  the  farm.  He  married  Sarah  Houck,  and 
had  childreii.-Cuitis,  Jacob,  Daniel,  Samuel,  George, 
Isaac,  Peter,  Mary  (Jlrs.  Meily),  and  Eliza  (Mrs. 
lirickerj.  -Mr.  Fry's  death  occurred  in  November, 
18:24,  near  Ephrata.  His  eldest  .son,  Curtis,  was  born 
in  October,  18(^8,  at  the  family  home.  He  married 
Calheriiie,  ,+,uighter  of  Christian  Sheatler,  and  had 
children:  .Martin  S.,  William  H.,  Isaac  N.,  S.  Le- 
mon, Lizzie  (Mrs.  Shirk),  Sarah  (Mrs.  Landisj,  and 
Emma  (Mrs.  Weidniaii).  Mr.  Fry's  life  was  spent 
in  farming  occupations  in  the  lowiiship  of  Eplirata, 
where  liis  death  occurred  in  November,  187.-|.  His 
widow  still  survives  and  resides  in  Eplirata. 

Martin  S.,  their  son,  was  born  in  the  same  town- 
ship .May  1,  KXi,  when  his  youth  was  sjient  as  a 
pupil  at  the  neighboring  public  school,  after  which 
he  engaged  in  farm  labor.  He  was  married  in  1858 
to  Miss  Catherine,  daughter  of  Samuel  Jliller  (de- 
ceased), of  Ephrata.  Their  children  are  Horace  M., 
A.  Lincoln,  S.  Curtis,  M.  Elwood,  J(din  M.,  Emma 
Mav,  and  Marv  Alice.  Mr.  Fry,  in  L^riX,  asMimed 
charg.'  of  the  paternal  estat,  ,  uliich  i-  still  iin.ler  his 

He   is   in   p(ditics  a  liepublican,  and  has  been  for 

,,arty  in  the  county. 

In  1807-08  he  was  honored  with   the  chairmanship 


of  the  Republican  County  Committee,  and  in  1870 
was  appointed  United  States  storekeeper  and  ganger 
for  the  Ninth  District  of  Pennsylvania,  which  office 
he  still  holds.  In  integrity  and  enterprise  Mr.  Fry 
is  regarded  as  one  of  the  foremost  citizens  oT  his 
towiishiji.  In  religion  he  adheres  to  the  faith  of  his 
ancestors,  that  of'  the  Lutheran  Church,  of  which 
both  himself  and  wife  are  members. 


CHAPTER    LVI. 

Ft'LToX    ■tiiWXSIIIl'.i 

!      Geographical  and  Topographical.— This  town- 

I  shii)  was  formed   in    the  year   1.S44  by  a  division  of 

Little  liritain  township;  taking  its  name  from  Robert 

Fulton    (the   eelel.r.iled   inventor  of   the   steamhoati, 

who  was  born  witiiin  its  territorial  limits. 

It  is  bounded  on  the  east  by  Little  Britain  ;  on  the 

south  by  Mason  and   l)i.\on'=  line,  separating  it  from 

the  State  of  .Mar)  hind  ;  on  the  west  by  the  Susque- 

:  hanna  River  (including  all   the  island's  therein,  the 

''  western  bank  being  the  legal   hoiindary),  and  on  the 

northwest  by  Drumore  townslii]i. 
'       Its  extreme  lengtli   from   its  northern  point  to  the 
1  State  line   is  between  si.'c   and  seven   miles,  and  its 
I  width  from  the  eastern  bank  of  the  river  to  the  Little 

Britain  line,  about  five  miles. 
I       The  Susquehanna,  as  already  seen,  washes  it  on  the 
j  west,  the  Octorara  Creek   forms  a  water  front  at  its 
I  southeast  angle  for  perliaps  a  inile  ami   a  half     The 
[  Conewago  Creek  enters  it  from  Drumore  almost  at  its 
I  northern   extremity,   and   wind.s    its   way    thruugh   a 
'  broad  and  fertile  valley  to  the  Maryland  line  on  the 
I  south,  traversing  nearly  the  whole  lengtli  of  the  ter- 
ritory, furnishing  power  for  numerous  mills  along  its 
course.     The  Littb-  Conewago  enters  it  from  Little 
Britain,   passes    Thomas  Smedley's  mill,  and  enters 
the  larger  striani  Iroiii  the  e.ist.     Peter's  Creek  comes 
in    from    Drumore,   niiis   liist   a   soiuhcrly   course   to 
Wicks'  mill,  then  rather  soiithwcstwardly  till  it  meets 
the    Puddle    Dock,  which,  rising    near  the   middle  of 
tlie    township,    runs    in    a    winding    west.Tly    course, 

tool-l.ictory,  till  It  meets  the  former  stream  at  Dor- 
sey's  mill,  and  thence  together  seek  the  river  at  the 
lower  end  of  Peach  Bottom.  JIany  small  rivulets 
enter  these  larger  stre.iiiis  in  all  parts  of  their  course, 
I  making  this  towiishi|i  an  exceedingly  well-watered 
tract  of  country. 
Pioneer    Settlers    and    Land  Warrants.— This 

t.^wiiship  iiiq.eais  to  have  derived  its  earliest  settlers 
from  .Maryland,  quite  a  large  nnmber  of  locations 
having  been  made  within  its  limits  by  Maryland 
authority  at  a  \ery  early  day. 


By  .luliri  C.  Low 


Esil 


^^y^L/iZ^^^-^i^pt^  y^'  fj^'U^ 


FULTON  TOWNSHIP. 


849 


Emanuel  Grubb  had  three  hundred  ucres  patented 
t.)  him  Dee.  Id,  1713,  being  two  adjciiniiig  burveys, 
one  tor  one  hundred  acres  and  tlie other  tor  two  hun- 
dred acres.  To  tliese  he  added  afterwards  one  hun- 
dred and  seventy-six  acres  and  alh)wance,  partly  sur- 
rounding tlie  above  by  patent  from  the  Proprietaries 
of  Pennsylvania  dated  .Aug.  5, 1747.  He  also  became 
pos,e>sed"  (.fa  part  of  •'Three  Partners,"  herealler 
nieiitioMcd,  as  well  as. other  lands  which,  after  his 
death,  were  divided  among  his  sons.  The  farms  of 
the  late  G.  B.  Wood,  Roger  ]4.  Kirk,  late  Jeremiah 
P.  Haines,  and  James  Black,  E-,(i.,  were  carved  out 

"Three  Partners'  Tract"  was  the  name  gi\en  to  a 

large  tract  of  land  lying  north  of  C.Hinvall's  addition, 
ciuitaining  seven  hundred  and  si.xty-eight  acres,  Mir- 
veyed  on  a  warrant  to  Ephraini  Hotfman,  .latr.l  in 
1715,  and  jiatented  to  Tliomas  Jacobs  8ept.  lii,  17:;i). 
The  farms  of  the  late  Gilpin  iStnblis,  .\i,,o,  .Smilh 
(lately  sold),  Joseph  Blackburn,  Layman  (.'.  Klack- 
burn,  late  Lewis   H 


ts  ol   other  propertit 

'Slate  Hill  Tract" 


es,  Franklin  Tulling,.r,  with 
5,  are  parts  of  this  survey. 
of  two  hundred  and  twenty- 
five  acres  wa>  pateiited  to  Thomas  Johnson  Aug.  24, 
172li;  now  Jona^  ]-:i.y,  late  heirs  of  James  A.  Cald- 
well and  nther,.  It  was  un  the  line  ..f  tin.  land  that 
Jeretniah  Browu  and  James  A.  Caldwell  had  one  of 
tlie  heaviest  law-suits  ever  tried  in  Lancaster  County, 
costing,  it  is  said,  si.xty  thousand  dollars  ;  though  this 
seems  to  be  almost  beyond  the  bounds  of  possibility. 

William  Teague  two  patents  for  one  hundred  acres 
each;  one  called  "  Teague's  Endeavor,"  June  G,  1715; 
the  other,  "  Teague's  Forest,"  in  the  following  year, 
1716.  These  became  the  property  of  the  Frazers,  the 
f<irmer  became  the  property  of  James  .\rbuckle,  and 
was  conveyed,  with  other  land  of  his,  to  Robert  Max- 
well, Oct.  27,  1800,  and  now  belongs  to  Gilbert  -ALix- 
well  in  part;  the  other  tract  lies  partly  in  .Alary land, 
being  intersected  by  the  State  line,  and  hclong.  to  the 
heirs  of  Jeremiah  B.  Haines  (deceasedj,  known  as  the 
"  Frazer  jdace." 

Maryland  Warrants.— Several  other  tracts  are 
known  to  have  been  taken  up  by  RIaryland  warrants 
and  secured  by  Maryland  patents,  .Mordecai  Cloud, 
Nicholas  Hiland,  George  Martin,  and  others  heing 
among  those  taking  Maryland  riglits  at  this  early 
day.  It  is  well  known  that  this  territory  was  claimed 
by  Lord  Baltimore  under  his  royal  grant  of  1G32,  and 
by  William  Penn  and  his  heirs  under  his  charter  of 
1(381,  and  was  long  disputed  between  theui. 

An  arrangement  had  been  entered  into  between 
them  that  neither  should  grant  lands  in  the  disputed 
district  till  the  title  was  settled;  but  while  this  ar- 
rangement was  respected  by  the  proprietaries  of  Penn- 
.-\Uania,  it  i,  said  to  liavc  lieen  disregarded  by  those 


Be  tills  as  it  may,  in  1732  a  parallel  of  demarcation 
was  finally  agreed  upon  and  partially  run,  so  that 
each  party  now  knew  nearly  their  own  limits.  .Vnd 
now  the«list  of  Pennsylvania  titles  takes  its  com- 
mencement. It  is  more  than  probable  that  many  s-et- 
tlements  had'been  made  by  squatters  previous  to  this, 
and  a  few  titles  were  issued  farther  east  at  an  earlier 
day,  and  nearer  established  centres  of  population. 

Of  such  "settlements,"  it  is  probable  that  of  James 
King  was  among  the  first.  He  had  built  a  mill  on 
Conow'ingo  Creek  (spelled  Canarawango  in  all  the  ear- 
lier papers)  some  time  before  1733,  as  in  that  year  a 
road  was  laid  out  from  King's  mill  to  Octorara,  thus 
proving  by  the  record  an  older  settlement  both  of 
himself  and  others,  or  the  road  would  not  have  been 
needed.  .He  was  a  Friend,  or  Quaker;  his  neighbors 
were  perhaps  of  the  same  persuasion,  and  the  direc- 
ticju  of  the  road  clearly  points  to  the  Nottingham  set- 
tlement of  Friends,  and  the  place  of  meeting  there  as 
its  objective  point.  King  took  out  a  warrant  for  his 
land  Nov.  25,  1735,  in  which  it  is  described  as  that 
"on  which  he  has  long  been  .settled,"  thus  adding 
proof  of  his  early  settlement.  The  survey  contained 
live  hundred  acres,  and  long  remained  in  the  lainily, 
his  son  Michael  having  made  three  several  additions 
thereto.  Miehael  leaving  no  heirs,  the  whole  prop- 
erty was  divided  between  his  two  brothers,  Thomas 
and  Vincent,  the  fninur  getting  the  southern  part 
(including  the  "Ca\c  Land,"  taken  up  by  Michael), 
and  Vincent  the  northern  part.  The  original  tract 
has  all  passed  out  of  the  family  and  name  of  King  ; 
but  the  "Cave  Land,"  together  with  other  land  pur- 
chased by  James  King,  a  son  of  Thomas,  still  belongs 
to  his  descendants. 

William  Fulton  took  up  three  hundred  and  iiinety- 
tliree  and  three-qualter  acres  on  Conewingo  Creek, 
which  by  warrant  of  Nov.  12,  1742,  was  resurveyed 
to  James  Gillespie  (who  had  married  his  widow),  and 
who  added  subsequently  three  other  pieces  to  said 
tract,  making  a  total  nl  live  Iniiidred  and  forty-six  and 
one-quarter  acres.  On  this,  in  1751,  he  built  a  mill, 
the  second  on  Conowingo  Creek,  so  far  as  known,  be- 
came involved  in  debt,  and  in  the  latter  part  of  1764 
the  sheritl'sold  his  jiroperty  in  two  pieces, — the  west- 
ern, with  the  mill  and  one- hundred  and  eighty-two 
acres,  to  George  Ross  and  James  Bickham,  and  the 
eastern,  with  three  hundred  and  sixty-three  acres,  or 
thereabout,  to  Ilobert  Fulton,  the  elder,  who  also 
involved  himself  by  the  purchase  and  suffered  a  like 
hite.  It  is  surmised  by  some  that  as  Gillespie  had 
married  the  widow  of  William  Fulton,  the  claims  of 
the  heirs  of  said  William  Fulton  formed  a  part  of  the 
liabilities  for  wdiicli  his  land  was  sold,  and  that  as 
Robert  I'ulton  became  the  purchaser  he  was  one  of 


those  heirs.     If  this  were  so 
Fulton  the  grandfather  of  t 
accounts  assign  tiiat  honor 
Fulton,  who  was,  or  had 
township  (Little    Britaii 


uld  make  William 

entor,  while  other 

)r  to  a  certain  Alexander 

een,  a  resident  of  the  same 

at   that   time).     The    iviill 


8:o 


HISTORY    OF   LAiNCASTER   COUNTY. 


property  was  sold  by  Rosa  and  Bickluuii  (re^iilciUs  of 
Lancaster  City)  to  Jacob  Gryder,  Aiiij;.  G,  1774,  who 
sold  it  to  Jlartin  Gryder,  Aug.  IS,  17'J2.  Martin  de- 
vised to  Christian  and  >rartin  Gryder.  The  mill 
passed  into  the  hands  ot'  Joel  Sniedley,  wlio  rebuilt 
the  mill  in  1S33,  and  all  tlie  other  buildings  subse- 
quently. It  uow  belongs  to  Frank  C.  Pyle.  The 
farm,  after  passing  through  several  hands,  is  now 
owned  by  Elwood  Srnedley  in  part,  and  part  by 
Montgomery  R.  Gryder,  sun  of  Christian  Gryder 
aforesaid. 

Walter  Denny  about  the  same  time  took  up  a  large 
tract  southwest  of  the  above.  This  descended  early 
to  his  son  John,  who,  about  1756  or  1757,  sold  it  to 
Joshua  Brown,  the  ancestor  of  a  large  family  of 
Browns,  many  of  them  still  residents  in  the  neigh- 
borhood, and  some  of  them  still  ou  a  part  of  the 
same  property.  John  Denny  went  westward  to  the 
neighborhood  of  Pittsburg,  where  some  of  his  de- 
scendants rose  to  distinction,  Hon.  Harmer  Denny, 
who  represented  that  district  in  the  United  States 
Congress  many  years  ago,  being  one  of  them. 

Daniel  Carmichael  took  up  one  hundred  and  sev- 
enty-seven and  three-quarter  acres,  Feb.  22,  1742-4H, 
to  which  he  afterwards  added  one  hundred  and  six 
and  three-quarter  acres,  and  left  it  to  his  son  Thomas, 
who  sold  one  hundred  and  ninety-one  acres  and 
ninety-six  perches  to  Joshua  Brown,  Jr.,  and  Joseph 
McCreary  and  Alexander  Ewing,  executors  of  Thomas 
Carmichael,  to  Abraham  Medcalf,  May  9,  1787.  John 
Carmichael,  another  son  of  Daniel,  had  migrated  to 
the  western  part  of  Pennsylvania,  and  "  Carmichaels- 
town,"  near  the  Mononga'hela,  in  Greene  County, 
owes  its  foundation  to  him  and  his  descendants. 
The  descendants  of  Joshua  Brown  still  occupy  must 
of  the  land  thus  purchased  by  hiiu. 

James  Caldwell  look  up  twi.  Imndred  and  twelve 
acres  on  Conowingo,  east  side,  in  ITTjI,  iiu'luding  the 
"Rock   Springs"   (whieh    have   L'iven    their   name    In 

time,  or  before  it,  on  Aug.  2,  175U,  purchased  innn 
Ann  Alexandir,  then  its  owner,  a  part  of  "Slate 
Hill,"  estiiiiatiMl    iit    eighty-five    acres.     Some   time 


:;ht  and 


l-st 


Nov.   22,    17.-.1,   ha 

1    lakei 

out    a   warrant    and    ha. 

surveyed   nineteen 

and    ..I 

e-ipiarter  acres  alojig   tin 

river-shore,  and  in 

luilin- 

111'  shite  quarries  at  I'eael 

Bottom,  whose  (hi 

elu|,i,n- 

il   afterwards  led  the  wa> 

to   the   extensive 

awsuit 

already   mentioned.     The 

Caldwell  family  held  this  Slate  Hill  property  till 
within  a  very  few  years,  when  it  was  sold  to  George 
Dawson  Cobinan.  James  A.  CaMwell,  a  fiiandson  of 
the  above  James,  served  a  term  in  ilie  .-^tate  Senate, 
being  elected  thereto  in  1842. 

Samuel  Scott  was  an  early  settler  in  the  township. 
His  location  is  dated  Feb.  15,  1742,  for  two  hundred 
and  thirty-live  acres, 'to  whieh  he  afterwards  added 
six  or  seven  other  pieces,  some  by  ]iurehase,  some  by 


warrant,  amounting  in  the  whole  U)  live  hundred  and 
forty-four  acres  and  upwards,  wdiicli  descended  to  his 
children,  and  a  part  remains  among  his  descendants 
to  the  jlresent  day.  Samuel  Wright  (Little  Britain  i. 
Marshall  Wright',  An, us  K.  Hradley,  Andrew  Hanna, 
and  others  are  owners  el'  the  remaining  part. 

Josejdi  Adair  also  occupied  a  large  tract  in  the 
southeastern  section  of  the  township,  his  survey  beinu' 
returned  four  hundred  and  twenty-two  acres  by  war- 
rant of  Aug.  20,  1750.  He  sold  two  hundred  and 
eighty-seven  and  three-quarter  acres  to  Samuel  Coul- 
son,  Oct.  29, 1764,  the  balance  having  been  previously 
transferred  to  James  Hanna.  Coulson  failed  soon 
after,  and  the  sheriff  sold  the  above  (with  other  laud 
of  his)  to  David  Jenkins,  Aug.  7,  1767.  Jenkins 
lived,  it  appears,  in  Chester  County,  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  Waynesburg,  where  also  he  had  large  posses- 
sions. He  placed  his  sun  Nathaniel  on  the  above 
tract,  where  his  grandchildren  are  still  the  jiossessors 
of  the  soil. 

James  Bradley  had  three  hundred  and  eighty-six 
acres  on  Peter's  Creek,  which  he  sold  to  Daniel  Stubbs, 
Sept.  10,  1767.  (His  three  warrants  of  Feb.  25,  1743, 
and  June  6,  1747,  and  Dec.  20,  1752,  were  included 
in  one  return.)  A  large  part  of  this  is  still  the  prop- 
erty of  Thomas  Stubbs  and  Joseph  C.  Stubbs.  Daniel 
Stubbs  sold  to  Vincent  Stubbs,  10th  November,  1785, 
who  bought  other  lands,  including  the  grist-mill  at 
the  confluence  of  Puddle  Dock  and  Peter's  Creek, 
long  known  as  Stubbs'  mill,  now  Dorsey's. 

James  Porter  deserves  mention  as  one  of  the  early 
settlers  in  the  neighborhood  of  Peach  Bottom.  Not 
indeed  an  original  one,  but  as  early  as  many  who 
were.  He  purchased  fifteen  acres  of  "Slate  Hill," 
and  took  out  four  warrants  for  adjoining  lands,  which 
were  located  in  1753  and  prior  thereto.  One  of  tlie-e 
was  on  the  river-shore,  ailjoining  "Slate  Hill"  and 
the  slate  .inanies,  and  including  the  lower  ferry  at 
I'eael,  li.ittom.  111.  sun  William  smveeded  him, 
built  the  l)un-e  „uw  uwn,-d  by  Kirk  Hruwn,  Esq., 
then  one  ul'  the  best  in  the  ub.de  neighborhood,  ai,d 
therein  started  the  lirst  store,  or  grocery,  in  that 
vicinity,  lie  wa-the^raiidlatherof  thelateS.  W.  1'. 
Boyd,  i:s,|.,  who  was  sheriir  of  the  county  from  IStlo 
tu  lSii;i,  ami  liel.l  other  ulliees  uf  inist  and  eonlidenee, 


\V 


within  the  liniit-  ul  the  l.,wn^l,ip.  His  l,,eatio 
.Mav  12,  174:;,  and  it  iei„aii,ed  m  the  lan,ily  lui 
one  hundred  ye.ars,  when  it  passed  into  other  1, 
It  is  i,,,w  (iwned  by  John  L.  Patterson  and  Tli 
K.  Xeel.  .J,,hn  R.  Montgomery,  Ks,,.,  the  d 
guished  att(,rney  of  l/aneasier,  who  dieil  some 
ago,  was  ft  lineal  deseendaiii  ul  lii-,.-,^  w.a-  alsu  1 
Montgomery,  Esq.,  a  i,utid  jn^tiie  ul'  li,,-  |iea 
Little  Britain  luwnshii.,  as  it  was  then.  Dr.  ) 
gomery  R.  Gryder,  now  uf  Oxford,  Chester  Co 
formerly  of  Fi'ltui,  tuwn-hip,  where  he  still  o\ 
farm,  was   al.so  a  descendant   of  the  same    ane 


FULTON    TOWNSHIP. 


851 


teen  and  three- fourtlis  acres  iiiid  allowance,  beside 
which  he  owned  another  farm  in  Fnlton  towiishi] 
and  also  one  in  Little  lirilain,  now  owned  l}y  Cieorg 


Other    Pioneers.— Mo^t 


1 1       SL 


have  now  entirely    dijaiijieared   IVoni   tlie   ueitjhbor- 
hood,  leaving  neither  name   nor  family  to  represent 
them.     The  names  are  retained  in  ancient  writings,  j 
but  those  who  bore  them  liave  passed  from  the  knowl- 
edge of  the  present  generation.     Many  of  them  are  , 
forgotten,  and  tlieir  former  existence  altogether  un-  j 
known  even  to  those  who  now  own  and  occupy  the  I 
lands   that    were   cleared    and    cultivated    by    them.  [ 
How  few  at  the  present  day  who  cultivate  their  well- 
tilled   acres   can    look    back   and   .see  who  it  was  that  ' 
felled  the  primeval  forest  and  first  broke  the  virgin 

Of  those  who  first  settled  within  the  present  limits 
of  Fulton  township,  it  is  believed  that  only  the  Kings  I 
and  the  Scotts  can  now  claim  to  be  residents  of  the  i 
land  upon  which   their  ancestors  originally  located.  I 
Some  few  may  possibly  claim  descent  from  the  origi-  ■ 
nal  settlers  througli  the  female  line,  but  even  these 
are  believed  to  be  few  and   far  between.      Most  of 
them,  either  to  better  their  fortunes  or  for  some  other 
reasons,  have  migrated  to  other  sections, — some  to  the  | 
South,  some  to  the  West,  aud  some  perhaps  become  , 
totally  extinct.     The  larger  part  of   the   Maryland  | 
names  disappeared  at  an   early  day,  and  those  that  j 
are  not  altogether  lost  are  almost  exclusively  found  1 
on  the  southern  side  of  the  State  line.     Perhaps  they  I 
became  dissatisfied  with  tlie  idea  of  living  in  a  prov- 
ince different  from  that  in  which  they  had  sui)i>osed 
themselves  located,  and  wherein  they  had   intended 
to  live  and  die,  and  when  the  line  was  definitely  set-  ' 
tied,  leaving  their  lan<ls   in  Pennsylvania,  they  may 
have  sold  their  possessions,  pulled  up  stakes,  and  in  j 
Iierfect  disgust  returned  to  their  beloved   Maryland. 
Some  ilid  no?do  this,  but  the  vicissitudes  and  changes  I 
incident  to  human  life  have  operated  to  produce  the  I 
same  ellect. 

Even  the  succeeding  race  that  took  the  places  of  the 
first  have,  like  them,  largely  disappeared;  while  scjine 
remain  to  the  present  day,  others,  like  those  who  went 
before  them,  only  stayed  for  a  time,  and  in  turn  [)a5s(d 
on  to  other  climes.  The  JlcCrearys,  the  Plummer.-., 
the  Sidwells,  and  many  more  that  might  be  naincd, 
where  are  they  now?  and  echo  only  answers,  where  ! 

But  some  have  been  more  persistent.  Joshualirown,  ■ 
who  purchased  the  Denny  projierty,  as  we  have  seen,  : 
has  left  behind  him  a  numerous  i)rogeny  that  lor  a 
century  and  a  quarter  have  continued  to  occupy  the  ' 
land  so  bonglit,  even  to  the  fifth  and  the  sixth  gener- 
ations.    They  added  other  land  to  the  <n-iginal  i)ur- 
chase,  and  on    Isov.    1,   1770,   the   ferry  property  at  ' 
Peach   Bottom,   including    the  slate   quarries    there,  j 
p;issed  into  tlieir  hands.     These  remain,  at  least  in  ' 


pro|]erty  and  its  subsequent  development  led  to  the 
heavy  lawsuit  already  mentioned.  Caldwell,  who 
owned  the  adjoining  land,  anxious  to  share  in  the 
rich  de^josit,  and  finding  that  due  allowance  had  not 
been  made  for  vari:,tioa  of  the  needle  lictueeii  the 
dale  ol  the':\larylaiHl  >urvey  under  which  he  <-lainicd 
and  held  and  the  lal.  r  .Mirvey  of  Brown's  land,  .hiked 
his  survey  into  its  ..n;.;iN:il  imsiiicHi,  lapping  over  on 
to  Brown's  survey  on  llie  ^^t•-^  olhim,  and  leaving  a 
vacant  strip  between  his  land  and  Porter's  survey  on 
the  east  of  him,  for  wbieli  he  proceeded  to  obtain  a 
warrant,  and  had  a  survey  made  to  cover  said  vacancy. 
This  shifting  the  line,  and  the  consequent  lapping 
over  and  interference,  necessarily  produced  litigation, 
bitter  and  protracted,  to  settle  the  line  and  the  rights 
of  the  parties.  It  was  finally  settled  in  favor  of  Cald- 
well, when  Brown  jjroceeded  to  develop  what  re- 
mained U)  him,  and  built  up  an  industry  profitalde 
to  himself  and  beneficial  to  the  country.  It  was  Jere- 
miah Brown,  the  elder,  who  owned  these  quarries, 
and  whose  heirs  conducted  them  till  a  few  years  ago, 
when  they  were  leased  out,  and,  becoming  unproduc- 
tive, are  now  sufl'ered  to  lie  in  idleness.  This  Jere- 
miah Brown  was  perhaps  one  of  the  most  wealthy 
men  in  the  lower  end  of  Lancaster  County  in  his  day. 
He  was  a  director  of  the  Bank  of  Pennsylvania,  and 
a  very  extensive  landholder.  He  divided  his  large 
and  valuable  estate  among  bis  three  sons  and  three 
daughters,  leaving  tlifm  all  very  well  off  as  regards 
the  afi'airs  of  this  world.  His  son,  Hon.  Jeremiah 
Brown,  was  indeed  honorable  and  honored,  lie  was 
an  active  politician,  and  held  many  positions  of  honor 
and  trust.  In  1837  he  was  a  member  of  the  conven- 
tion that  revised  the  Constitution  of  the  State,  sitting 
with  Judge  H.  G.  Long,  Hon.  Thaddeus  Stevens, 
William  M.  Meredith,  Es(i.,  .Joseph  R.  Chandler, 
Daniel  Agnew,  James  Pollock,  James  M.  Porter, 
George  W.  Woodward,  and  other  shining  lights  of 
the  commonwealth  in  that  day.  In  1840  and  again 
in  1842  he  was  elected  a  member  of  Congress  from 
Lancaster  County,  and  in  1851  associate  judge  of  the 
several  courts  of  the  county,  holding  the  position  for 
the  constitutional  period  of  five  years.  Another  son. 
Slater  Brown,  was  also  honored  with  office  by  a  vote 
of  the  people,  being  lor  s..me  lime  an  inspector  of  the 
couiily  I'rison. 

short  stay  an  event  tran.-jjired  that  not  only  gave  a 
name  to  the  township  upon  its  separate  organization, 
but  wrought  an  inqxM'tant  change  in  the  affairs  of  the 
country  and  of  the  worhl.     lie  took  possession  in  17(io, 

wdiich  he  originally  i  ;iiiir.  ^  lUit  within  lliat  lime  a  son 
was  born  unto  him  whose  inventive  genius  has  revolu- 
tionized the  world  and  given  him  a  name  that  will  en- 
dure till  time  grows  old.    .The  exact  time  of  his  birth 


8j: 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


1765.     His  enthusiastic  and  admiring  biographer  has  , 
learned  no  more,  nor  does  he  pretend  to  trace  his  an- 
cestry beyond   liis   immediate   parents,  his  mother's  j 
family  name  being  Smith.    Anotlier  writer  makes  her  ': 
the  sister  of  John  Smith,  and  state-  tliat   she  eaiue 
over  witli  him  from  the  nortli  of  Irehmd  in  1720,  hikI 
married  an  Alexander  Fulton,  who  was  the  father  of 
Robert  Fulton  the  elder,  and  lived 
Three  Fultons  make  their  appear; 
then  Little  Britain  township,— Wi 
seen,  at  tlie  Fulton  House,  as  the  pri 
Gillespie,  in  1734  ;  James  Fulton,  on  Octoiara  Creek, 
by  purchase,  in  1753  ;  and  Alexander  Fulton,  at  Oak 
Hill,  in  Little  Britain,  about  the  same  time.     Tiiis 
may  be  the  Alexander  Fulton  wiio  is  referred  to  as 
the  father  of  Robert  Fulton  tlie  elder  l.y  Miiiy  Smith, 
and  grandfather  of  tlie  iiiveiitnr.     J,,l,i,,  Jlu-li,  and 
Andrew  Fulton,   sons   ni  hi-,  a-    i~    Mipposi'd,   wne 
residents  of  Little    Ihitaiu    in    17ii'l.     In    ]7i;il  they 


in  Little  Brita 


lliam,  as  we  have 
dece.ssor  of  James 


hut 


liave  disappearcc 
inventor)  being  tlien  taxed. 

It  is  not  claimed  tliat  Robert  Fulton  was  the  tir-t 
discoverer  of  steam,  nor  yet  the  tirst  that  a|jpli(d  it 
to  driving  machinery.  This,  it  is  well  knn\vii,  was 
done  before  his  time.  Nor  yet  was  lie  tlie  liist  that 
conceived  the  idea  of  making  it  the  means  uf  pro- 
pelling vessels  on  tiie  water.  Others  liad  thought  of 
this  and  tried  to  reduce  it  to  practice,  but  'failed. 
Poor  John  Fitch  took  his  last  long  rest  on  the  hanks 
of  the  Ohio  fully  impressed  with  the  belief  that  the 
music  of  the  passing  steamboat  would  sing  his  ever- 
lasting requiem.  But  it  was  reserved  for  the  genius 
of  Fulton  to  conquer  all  the  difficulties  that  intervened 
and  render  the  steamboat  a  success  and  a  triumpli. 

Other  inventions  were  also  his, — submarine  vessels, 
torpedoes,  etc.,  some  ol' which,  in  his  estimation,  were 
to  exceed  the  steandjoat  in  value  and  usefulness.  It 
may  well  be  doubted  wdiether  the  judgment  of  the 
present  day  will  agree  with  tlie  anticipations  of  the 
sanguine  inventor,  or  whether  succeeding  generations, 
with  the  added  experience  of  years,  would  exchange 
the  steamboat  for  any  device  wdiatever.  Having  laid 
the  foundation  for  the  vast  benefits  mankind  were  to 
derive  from  his  successful  experiments,  and  while 
still  seeking  further  and  greater  improvements  in  its 
application,  he  was  cut  short  in  the  midst  of  his  use- 
fulness, and  died  on  the  24th  day  of  February,  1815, 
in  the  fiftieth  year  of  his  age.  Little  could  the  world 
then  see  of  the  vast  utility  of  his  invention.  Tlie 
speed  lie  attained,  though  exceeding  his  most  ardent 
expectations,  has  since  been  more  than. doubled  ;  time 
and  space  have  been  almost  annihilated,  and  the 
waters  of  the  world,  the  wide,  illimitable  ocean,  the 
land-locked'  lakes,  and  the  rivers,  both  small  and 
large,  are  darkened  by  day  with  the  great  leviathans 
that  move  over  their  surface  by  the  hidden  power  of 
steam,  while  at  night  the  fires  that  generate  their 
moving  (lower  illuminate 'the  darkness  and  dispel 
the  gloom. 


Tlie  old  Fulton  homestead  is  still  occupied  by  tlie 
Swift  family,  wdio  in  1S22  rebuilt  the  house  on  tlie 
same  site,  using  the  old  foundations,  a  part  of  the 
wall, find  as  much  of  the  old  material  as  was  suitable 
for  the  purpose.  Most  of  the  land  is  still  in  tlie 
hands  of  T;he  heirs  of  Joseph  Swill. 

Other  Land-'Warrants  issued  prior  to  1800.— 
.[(isepli  Adaire,  Aug.  20,  1750,  250  acres,  next  to 
Michael  and  Robert  Smith  ;  422  acres  surveyed,  now 
in  Fulton  township,  near  the  State  line,  now  belongs 
to  the  Jenkinses  and  others.  Included  in  the  above 
is  1341  acres  patented  to  James  Hanna,  Nov.  7,  1763. 
Rook  AA,  vol.  iii.  page  525,  etc. 

John  Boggs,  July  3,  1745,  100  acres  on  West 
Branch  of  Octorara  Creek,  perhaps  in  Colerain. 

Mary  Cooper,  April  4,  1775,  10  acres,  next  to 
.I;imes  Brown,  John  Evans,  and  John  Johnston. 
■fhi-  was  a  small  lot  in  Little  Britain,  situate  as  above 
indicated,  and  near  the  West  Branch  of  Octorara 
Creek,  now  liel(,ngiiig  to  Alexander  K.  M<.rri-.>ii. 

Kol.ert  (Jnu.kshank,  May  28,1752,50  acres,  next  to 
,l(,l]ii  (Joppach  ;  58  acres  surveyed  on  the  east  side  of 
Con.iwiiigo  Creek,  now  in  Fulldn  township.  Belongs 
to  Joel  J.  Carter. 

J. dm  Cross,  Aug.  7,  1738,  200  acres. 

Samuel  Davison,  Sept.. 80,  1745,  200  acres. 

Waiter  Denny,  Sept.  1,  1737,  100  acres  on  Cono- 
wingo,  assessed  to  J.  Gillespie,  Nov.  12,  1742,  next  to 
Gillespie.  These  two  warrants,  surveyed  together  on 
Conowingo  Creek  (I  have  no  contents),  were  sold  by 
John  Denny  (son  of  Walter)  to  Joshua  Brown  about 
1757.  Now  owned  by  Slater  F.  Brown,  J.  P.  Ambler, 
L.  K.  Brown,  and  others. 

James  and  William  Dixon,  Aug.  24,  1744,  125 
acres  on  JIuddy  Creek  ;  May  5,  1752,  30  acres  next  to 
his  other  land.  There  was  a  James  Dixon  who  held 
240j  acres  of  land,  in  what  is  now  Fulton  township, 
by  two  warrants,  one  dated  1st  mo.  10,  1742-43,  the 
other  4th  mo.  5,  1753.  These  adjoin  Maryland  sur- 
veys south  and  west,  Henry  Parsons  on  the  north, 
and  James  Midkiff  on  the  east.  Perhaps  the  first 
warrant  above,  being  on  ^Mudily  Creek,  may  be  either 
in  Drnmore  or  Martic,  saiil  creek  separating  said  two 
townships. 

Joseph  Frazier,  Sept.  3, 1753.  A  survey  was  made 
for  Joseph  Frazier  in  1741,  containing  42  acres  and 
allowances,  to  whieii  otlier  land  was  afterwards  added, 
adjoining  lii^  Maryland  patent  and  the  river  in  Ful- 
ton township.  Perhaps  this  warrant  lielonged  to  the 
late  William  Cook,  of  Cook's  Landing. 

James  Gilcrease,  Nov.  12,  1751,  20  acres  next  to 
Hugh  Porter  and  Richard  Dilworth.  It  may  be  part 
of  the  2231  acres  and  allowances  before  descrilied, 
and  agrees  with  it  in  everything  but  location. 

William  Gilcrease,  Jan.  5,  1742,  100  acres  of  Wil- 
liam Scott,  in  I-'ulton  township;  May  10,1750,  30 
acres  next  to  James  Gilcrease.  Returned  50;;  acres 
and  allowances,  and  now  belongs  to  the  heirs  of 
Jeremiah  (i.  Brown  and  to  George  Tollinger. 


FULTON  TOWNSHIP. 


853 


Joseph  Glenn,  June  1,  17ri2,  100  acres  next  to 
Robert  Patterson  and  Hugh  Patrick.  Surveyed  Jan. 
26,  1803.  Lies  on  the  State  line  in  Fulton  to\vnslii[i, 
and  now  belongs  to  Thomas  Grubb  and  others.  It 
seems  to  have  been  originally  a  part  of  the  Maryland 
survey,  cut  off  by  the  State  line,  and  the  above  war- 
rant laid  on  it.  Contents  returned,  47  acres,  57 
perches,  and  allowances. 

Thomas  Grubb,  May  23,  1751),  20  acres  nc-ct  to  his 
other  land.  I  believe  it  to  be  part  of  the  above 
tract.  Thomas  Grubb  held  another  tract  of  CS  acres, 
37  perches,  and  allowances,  liy  order,  on  application 
No.  2300,  dated  March  4,  1707,  afterwards  owned  by 
Andrew  Lowe.     Surveyed  Sept.  6,  1830,  for  Lowe. 

George  Gibson,  March  12,  1743,  10  acres,  between 
John  Dilworth  and  Samuel  Gibson,  wiih  Hugh  Por- 
ter's survey  on  warrant  of  Nov.  27,  17"u,  in  Fulton. 
See  Hugh  Porter  hereinafter. 

John  Gibson,  May  9,  1745,  50  acres. 

James  Gilcrease,  Feb.  9  (lyth  by  my  notes),  1741, 
20  acres,  west  side  of  John  Gilcrease;  811   acres  sur- 
veyed on  two  warrants.  Sold,  with  other 
liam  Barclay.     Patented  to  liim  Marcli 
afterwards  sold  to  Joseph  Bal lance,  now 

of Hershour  and  others.     Nov.  8,  1 

(100  acres),  next  to  J.  Grady,  ami  tw<; 
On  these  two  warrants,  together  with  an 
acres  in  1751,  2231  acres  and  allowam 
veyed  and  became  the  properly  of  tli 
prior  to  1768,  as  in  that  year  Margaret  and  Thoiii: 
Killough  conveyed  to  David  Killough,  to  whom 
was  assessed  the  following  year.  Part  of  it  now  !> 
long.s  to  Robert  Killough,  a  lineal  descendant  ni  tl 
first  proprietor  of  the  name,  and  the  rcuiaiuder  I 
Jo.siah  Brown,  Daniel  Barker,  and  others.  It  is  sill 
atcd  at  Xew  Texa>  ( including  the  tavern  stand,  etc. 
in  Fulton  town>liip.  May  10,  1750,  40  acres  in  a. 
dition  to  lands  of  1741.  Part  of  the  81',  acres  abov 
surveyed  on^varrant  of  Feb.  19,  1841,  and  this  wa 
rant.     Transferred  same  as  above  stated. 

Mary  Grymes  (widow),  Dec.  2,  1747,  50  acres,  ue: 
to  licr  other  laud  au.l  Samuel  Davi-;  aKo,  May 
174--.,    40   acres,  In    tru^t    for    her   childivii,    bv    Jol, 


patented  to  them  -May  IG,  1753,  on  Soapstone  Hill,  in 
Fulton  township,  near  the  Little  Britain  line,  now 
owned  by  Jeremiah  G.  Brown's  heirs,  heirs  of  John 
Gibsonf  Esq.,  and  various  others. 

John  Ilutcheson,  \\n\\  11,  1749,  tract  next  to  his 
other  land.* 

Thomas  Jacob,  March  1,  1792,  loo  acres  on  Cone- 
wago  Creek,  one  mile  from  lii>  other  land  ;  06  acres, 
warrant  March  l>t  ;  survey,  March  1st  ;  patent,  Sept. 
19,  1743  (as  I  have  it  from  the  patent  to  Thomas 
Jacob,  enrolled  in  Patent  Book  A,  vol.  ii.  page  22, 
etc.).  Belonged  to  John  Webster;  now  belongs  to 
John  Black,  of  Lancaster. 

Janet  Jamison,  April  14,  1742  or  1743,  50  acres 
next  to  her  farm;  109;  acres  sold  to  William  Jami- 
son, May  17,  1745,  who  mortgaged  to  John  Allison, 
July  28,  1755.  Book  E,  page  30.  Now  James  Wood, 
Howard  Coates,  and  others. 

William  Jamison,  Jan.  4,  1759,  25  acres  next  to 
Thomas  Hill,  James  Montgomery,  and  Daniel  Mc- 
Michael.     ( Its  location  seems  to  show  that  it  was  pre- 


to  Wi 


ju^yapp: 


,lcr  warrant  to  Jai 


De. 


)aiTen   nil 
jther  for 


Killougl 


in,  130  acres  next  to  James 
llowances  surveyed,  partly 
111  more  townslii|)s.  It  lies 
cdiatcly  southeast  of  Fair- 
Mrs.  Bovd   and   Miss   Mc- 


Itobert  K 
SiddaN:  157,  arre> 
in  Fulton  and  part 
near  Peter's  Creek, 
lield,  and,  now  belo 
Sparran  and  others. 

Michael  King,  May  20,  1740,  100  acres  next  to 
.lauus  King's,  on  Oonowingo  Creek;  1961  iicres  and 
allowances  surveyed  (called  "Cave  Land").  Pat- 
ented to  Thomas  King  (his  brother,  to  whom  he  had 
sold  it),  Aug.  7, 1770.     Still  held  by  the  King  family. 


On  south  of  Ja 

nes  King's  tract.     Jan.  13,  1752,  30 

acres  next  to  otl 

er  land  and  Samuel -Scott.     Lies  on 

the   north   of  J; 

mes  King's   tract,   and  contains  40 

acres.     Nowowi 

ed  by  Ncal  Ilambleton  and  William 

Shoemaker. 

James   King. 

Nov.  9,   17.50,  50   acres   In   common 

with  William    11 

unhand.     See  William   llu,band   for 

William  Grymes,  Aug.  21,  1752 
west  corner  of  his  other  tiact.     T 
seem  to  have  been  included  in  t 
sold  to  Robert  Maxwell  about  1800,  and 
him,  now  owned  by  Gilbert  Maxwell  am 

Peter  Hastyngs,  Aug.  16,   1738,  150 
torara  Creek,  situated  in  Colerain  towns 

Stephen  Herd,  :March  23,  1749,15acR 
to  place  he  bought.  Stephen  Herd  ov 
what  is  now  Fulton  township,  and  also  I 
Britain    town^hi,.    ,iiImc1>    M-paratc    In. 

think  he  bought  the  lirltaln  j.rol.crtv  at 

William  Hn^ban.l,  Nov.  9,  1750,  50  a 

pany   with   Vincent   King;    130  acres  s 


Vrbllckle   laihN 


Michael  King,  April  23,  1747,  50  acres  next  to 
James  King.  Llest  we,t  of  .lames  King's  tract,  and 
south  of  Samuel  SroU's  w.iriant  of  ,lan.  20,  1747, 
near  Penn  Hill.     Now  owiieil  by  divers  [lersons. 

Timothy  Kiik,  Maivh  21,  175:!,  50  acres  next  to  his 
other  land  ami  S.  S,-ott;  5S1  acres  now  belongs  to 
.Jacob  Mo<,rc.  ■■His  other  land"  was  a  tract  of  111 
acres  lying  north  ol'  this,  c.ist  of  Samuel  Scott,  and 
west  of  Anthony  Dihvorlh,  near  tlie  Little  Britain 
line,  in  Fulton  township,  afterwards  Barney  Mooney. 

John  Kirkpatrick,  May  21,  1753,  150  acres  on  ()c- 
toraru;  172,  aces  in  Fulton  t..wns|,lp,  on  Little 
l-.ritain  line  and  <  icOoai.i  Creek.  Palcnled  lo.lohn 
Ueed,  Junes,  1813,  sold  to  Samuel  Carter,  9lli  mo. 
14,  1813.  Book  No.  8,  page  17S,  etc.  Part  after- 
wards owned  by  John  Brown,  and  al'tcr  him  by 
Samuel  K.  Ashton.     Present  owner  not  known. 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Arliini  Lauglilin,  March  9,  1753,  tract  next  to  Pat-  we^t  of  (Jonowingo  Creek,  including  several  other 
i;ick  and  Tliomas  Griihb  ;  (U  acres,  133  perches,  sur-  !  warrants  (among  them  Andrew  Wliite's),  sold  olf  in 
veved  to  heirs  of  Michael  Helm,  Jnly  2<i,  1708.     On  '  pieces   20-1   acres,   34   perches,   strict.      Now   Robert 


Conowingo  Creek  and  llie  Maryl 
the  jn-operty  of  Levi  Urou-n,  and 
])ortion  of  his  descendants,   thi' 


Hecame  i  Warden,  .lacoli  Ilerr,  .Tosepli  C.  Stulihs,  L.  K.  Brown, 

dongs  to  a  ■  and  otliers.      . 

Dr.  G.  B.  '  James  Porter,  .rune  2,  I74i;,  100  acres,  next  to  State 

Wdixls.  Hill.     On    Peter's   Creek,   in    Fnlton    township,   the 

William   Long,   April   l-'i,  1751,20  acres;   May  11,  above  warrant  and  two  others,  dated  May  28,  1752, 

1748,  1511  acres  in  his  improvement  of  1739.     On  this  and  Feb.  7,  1753,  101  acres,  including  what  was  long 

warrant,   with  another,   whose   date  I  have,  Oct.  24,  '  known  as  Stubbs'  mill,  now  Dorsey's.     Now  Samnel 

1750,   there  were  236[  acres  surveyed.    Patented  to  Dorsey  and  others. 

William  Long  (grandson  of  the  original  warrantee),  Hugh   Porter,  Nov.   27,  1750,  ISO   acres,   by  James 

Ang.  17,  18011.     P.irtly  in  Ornmore.     X.nv  owricd  by  Kings.     This  warrant,  with  one  to  George   Gibson,  of 

Calvin  Alexander,  ,1ohn  Will,, l<.linC.Wri-lit,(  ieoiir,.  March   12,   1743,  together    339  acres.      Patented   to 


W.  Miller,  and  others.  J, 

Jajues  Long,  Jan.  21,  1797,  20  acres  near  Samuel  Si 

Scott's.  u, 

John   JIartin,  Jan.  19,  1759,  100   acres;  IGO  acres  in 
and  allowances  surveyed.    Patented  to  Samuel  Neeper 

(with   other    land)   by  the    name  of  "  Bennington,"  at 

Mav  8,  1810.     Now   James  K.  Drennen  :    on   Peter's  lu 


Creek. 

John  Matthews,  May  7,  17;{4,  200  acres  on  Octo- 
rara,  in  right  of  his  father. 

James  JIcAdee,  Jan.  2G,  1743,  1.50  acres,  improved 
in  1739;  in  Little  Britain,  immediately  at  Oak  Hill, 
and  south  and  west  of  it,  221  acres  and  ;ill(jw,incrs, 
now  owned  by  Thomas  Furni^s,  WiUon  Hill,  and 
other.s.  The  village  of  Oak  Hill  is  miiihly  on  lliw 
land.  It  was  partly  .,wned  bv  .M.xandrr  i-ulton  at 
one  time,  and  the  Hill-  li;ive  lonu  lieei,  .-eltled  on  it, 
Feb.  7  (March  29),  1749,  5o  :,ere-  in  his  hnprovemerit. 
This  tract  lies  on  Octorara  Cieek.in  Little  Britain 
township,  contains  144  acres  and  allowame-,  was  sold 
by  McAffee  to  James  Fulton,  Jan.  24,  175;;,  and  alter 

passing  througli  the  1 Is  icspeeti  vely  ol  Huniplirey 

Atcliison  (who  by  applicati.m  No.  2105  :„lded  ]:; 
acres  to  it),  Francis  White,  and  ,lolin  .Melieath,  the 
latter  .sold  it.^pril  1,  17'.i:;,  to  William  P.iinell,  who.-e 
grandson,  John  J.  IVnnell,  now  h.ilds  it. 

Andrew  McClery,  July  29,  174:!,  15o  acres,  on  new 
road  to  Lancaster. 

James  McDowel,  March  23,  1752,40  acres;  Jan. 
21  (27),  1747,  101)  acres;  150  acres  and  allowances 
surveyed  on  these  two  warrants.  SoM  by  lOli/abeth 
JIcDowell  and  Thomas  McDowell,  administrator,  of 
James  McDowell,  to  Thomas  King,  Dec.  24,1785. 
(Book  DD,  p.  5(34,  etc.)  Fulton  township,  ad.ioining 
"Cave  Land."  NowLindley  King,  M.mtilion  Brown, 
and  others. 

Alexander  :\lel),.well,  Aug.  23,  1705,  171  acres  and 
allouanee..  I'.it.nted  to  .Mexan.ier  McDowell,  by 
name   of  "  The   Paradise,"  Sept.  G,  nilil.     (KookA.V, 


isep 


Aug.  31,   1809,  including  Thorn 
d   bendinirwork,.     B.lonus  to  tl 


ohn  Re.agh,  May  18,  1749,  on  Peter's  Creek,  205 
.-s,  20  perches,  surveyed  JIarch  17,  1735,  not  having 


Glackin,  and  other-. 

Robert  McMinn,  Oct.  17,  1755,  4(i  acres.  I'art  of 
•'  Bennington."  Patented  to  Samuel  Neeper  May  s, 
1810,  69  acres,  110  perches.  Now  J.  D.  AVilson,  and 
heirs  of  John  Neeper,  deceased. 

.lames  Metealf,  March  21, 1753,  also  March  1,  1742- 
43,  2i;5  acres  and  allowances,  in  Fulton  township. 
Besnrveyed  f  .r  .\liraham  :\Ietcalf,  5th  mo.  21,  1774. 
Sold  to  .lo-eph  ,'^idwell.  .\ow  H.  K,  Taylor,  Thmnas 
P.  KioL',  and  other.-. 

Hugh  Kip).\,  .May  23,  1744,  100  acres,  im|>roved  in 
1738.  Now  tile  property  of  Und.dph  S.  Ilerr  and 
others,  partly  in  Drnniore. 

.Micliael   Robin ,   Dec.  29,  1748,  GO  acre.s.     Part 

of  it  patented  lo  Micliaid  Robinson,  by  the  name  of 
'•  Kobin-on"-  l.arr.  n-,"  .May  19,  17G7.  Now  belongs  to 
Haines  llroWM,  and  lies  n.u-th  of  New  Texas,  in  Ful- 


i-lii 


Ni> 


res. 


174; 


th  mo.,  1751,  returned 
rthwest  of  his  other 
Henry  Hess.  Fulton 
I'eiin  Hill  ;  Jan.  21, 
Mike  King.  With  a 
17,  thisaripears  to  cor- 


(d'  Texa-,      .Now  .\llred   Wood  and  others. 

-Vndrew  .McDowell,  I'eb.  1,17  1:!^  lOOa.res;  95  acres 
were  -nrveyed  to  ,\ndiew  McDowell  on  Octorara 
Creek,  afterward  Benjamin  ll(mgh  (which  see). 

J(nms  Miles,  Nov.  29,  1750.     In   Fulton  township, 


i-y    of  134  acres,   adjoining  the 

it  lo  George  Warden.    Patented 

li  28,  181G.     Now  held  by  Robert 

Fulton   township;    M'arch    8, 

to  Stephen  Hiidder.  This  is 
I,  al-o   in    iMilton.     The  survey 

allowance-,  and  is  one  of  seven 
ve\ed  1(1  him  by  two  patents, 
(,  17GS  (AA,  10),  ;i37  and  :i:;8, 
ig  together  518  acres,  12  perclie-, 
V  held  by  Amos  K.  Bradley  and 


its 


4d  by  his 
200  acres, 


FULTON  TOWNSFIIP. 


including  his  improvement.  Of  tliia  warrant  I  Jiave 
no  account,  unless  its  date  is  Feb.  15  instead   of  Jan. 

stated.  (The  mistake  of  dale  may  be  mine.)  If  so, 
it  contains  2:!o  acres  and  allowances. 

Margaret  Scott,  Jfay  2,  1749,  100  acres;  in  1746,  by 
William  IMont<romery,  1701  acres  in  Fulton  town- 
shiji,  including  the  original  site  of  the  Little  Britain 
rresbytcrian  Church.  Patented  to  William  Reed  in 
1S:](J.  '  It  is  now  owned  by  John  Reed,  son  of  William 
Reed. 

Isaac  .Sidwell,  Feb.  10,  1756,  70  acres.  No  certain 
location  of  this  tract.  It  may  be  a  tract  lying  near 
Kirk's  Bridge,  in  Little  Britain  township,  divided  by 
llngh  Sidwell  between  his  two  sons,  Isaac  and  Nathan 
Sidwell,  but  of  this  I  have  no  proof. 

Robert  Smith,  May  80,  1750. 

Richard  Stedman,  .\ug.  16,  1749,  20  acres  next  to 
his  other  land  ;  72  acres  in  two  pieces.     "  His  other 

mo.  14,  174:J,  on  a  warrant  to  John  Biggott,  dated 
March  1,  1737.  in  all  2oi;  acres  and  allowances.  Pat- 
ented to  Jeiemiali  Brown,  by  name  of  "Goshen," 
March  7,  1S08  (Book  No.  63,  page  33,  etc.).  Sold  to 
Jeremiah  Brown,  Jr.,  Sth  mo.  10,  1824  (Book  C,  vol. 
5,  ]iage  72,  etc.).  Now  the  ])ro|ierty  of  his  daughter, 
ILmnah  Wood,  and  (jthers. 

Roliert  Stewart,  .\ug.  24,  1744,  100  acres  at  head 
of  two  springs  that  rnii  into  Little  Britain. 

Josejih  Walker,  Nov.  14,  1S53,  14S  acres  70  perches, 
surveyed  May  26,  1818.  Lies  northwest  of  William 
Barkley's  five  warrants  in  Little  Britain.  Now  be- 
longs to  Charles  Hays,  V.  K.  .\le-xander,  and  others. 
Is  cjuite  irregular,  being  a  vacancy  lying  between 
other  claims.     Lies  south  of  White  Rock. 

James  Walker,  Dec.  14,  1773,  20  acres.  Is  the 
same    most    likely    referred    to    in     Isaac    Walker's, 

i'' '■'''''>'•     ""^'  "'"""  '    ' 

John  Warnorl-,  Dec.  H;,  1772,  12  acres  22  |.erches, 
nearly  east  of  Oak  Hill,  adjoinin-  other  land  then 
held  by  John  Warnock.     Now  David  Christie. 

William  Waugh,  May  IS,  1752,  25  acres;  May  30, 
1752,  125  acres,  next  to  James  King's.  Tliese  two 
warrants,  with  another  to  Thomas  Berry  of  jMarch 
17,  174G,  were  patented  to  Robert  Pennell,  Aug.  31, 
1S09,  including  \Vakelield  .store  and  tavern.  Now 
owned  by  Andrew  Charles,  C.  C.  Caullmau,  Al.ner 
,  Brown,  and  various  others.     In  Fulton  toun-.lii|i. 

William  Waugh,  Feb.  2,  1753,  100  acres;  14ii  acres 
82  perches  and  allowances,  southeast  of  the  pre- 
ceding. Now  owned  by  Abner  Brown  and  Christo- 
pher C.  Canlfman. 

Aii.lrew  WliiO',  Nov.  20,  1750,  25  acres.     Included 

in    .lolM-    Mile,'    ,ulih-|l    ~ee,. 

William  Whiteside,  Sept.  13,  1744,  300  acres;  236 i 
acres  .and  allowances;  104  acre*  and  allowances. 
Patented  to  Abraham  Whiteside,  Dec.  13,  1787  (the 
northern  part).     The  southern   part  pateuteil  to  Cas- 


Wl 


Dec.  19,  1787,  by  name  of  "Happy  Re- 

ent  1 k     No.    11,    pages    465    and    474 

.M;iv  2S,  17  17,  :iO  ai:res  near   iiis  nther 


Patented  to  Abraham  Whiti>ide  with  part  of  the 
above.  William  Whiteside,  by  will  dated  Sept.  26, 
1748,  devised  to  his  two  sons,  Thomas  and  Abraham. 
On  division,  Abraham  obtained  the  northern  part, 
and  devised  to  his  son,  John  Whiteside,  who  sold  to 
Robert  Black,  April  26,  ISOC.  The  southern  part 
passed  from  Thomas  Whiteside  to  Robert  Roberts; 
sheriff  sold  to  Abraham  Whiteside;  he  to  Caspar 
Sneider;  he  to  Ulric  Runner;  became  the  property 
of  Thomas  Whiteside,  after  whose  decease  it  was  con- 
lirnied  to  Robert  Black,  The  wh.ilc  is  now  in  the 
l;laek  tamily,  who  are  lineal  descendants  (jf  the  war- 
Isaac  Williams,  Feb.  23,  174S  (1758),  40  acres;  51i 
acres  and  allowances,  on  Puddle  Dock  Creek,  in  Ful- 
ton townslup,  adjoining  a  tract  of  191  acres  and  al- 
lowances, surveyed  for  Cornelius  MeCree  by  warrant 
of  Aug.  23,  1750,  then  held  by  Williams.     The  whole 

10,  1774.  Now  owned  by  heirs  „i'e.  A.  Towson,  Elan 
Charles,  C.  II.  Stulibs,  and  others.  It  lies  along  th« 
Peach  I5oitom  Railroa.l,  above  \Vestbrook  Station. 


\T    IS   NOW    FfLTON. 


John  W.  Swii'r,  of  Fui.to.n-  Housk.— This  most 
•xemplary  and  liiL;lily-e.>teemed  citizen  of  Fulton 
..wn.^hip,  Lancaster  Co.,  died  at  his  residence  at  Ful- 
..m  House,  in  his  eighly-ninlh  year. 

The  decea.sed  was  one  of  the  oldest  re-idents  of  the 
.ownship,  and  was  well   and   favorably   known  by  a 


85G 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


of  the  lute  deceased,  lor 
is  purchaser  sent  liis  son 


was  higlily  respected  by  the  community  at  large.  He 
jiad  been,  at  the  time  of  his  death,  a  member  of  the 
Methodist  Church  for  about  seventy  years,  being  one 
of  the  first  of  the  persuasion  in  the  lower  end  of  the 
county,  and  was  a  zealous,  active,  and  liberal  sup- 
porter of  the  church,  ifis  conversiou,  with  tiiat  of 
his  brother  George  and  sisters  Ellen  and  Martha,  took 
place  in  an  old  stone  barn,  still  standing  on  the  farm 
now  belowing  to  James  Collins,  in  Colerain  township, 
to  which  place  they  rode  on  horseback  from  their 
home  for  that  purfiose.  He  was  a  member  of  Bethel 
Church,  on  Fulton  Circuit,  near  his  home,  the  first 
building  of  which  he  was  largely  instrumental  ii] 
erecting  in  1822.  He  was  a  deei)  Bible  student,  and 
was  remarkably  well  versed  in  the  Scriptures. 

Mr.  Swift  died  in  the  house  in  whicli  he  was  born, 
a  place  known  not  only  at  home,  but  widely  abroad 
as  "Fulton  House,"  the  birthplace  ol' Robert  Fulton, 
the  inventor.  At  the  time  the  property  was  owned 
by  the  father  of  Robert  Fulton,  the  great  inventor, 
he  fell  into  financial  difficulty,  and  it  was  sold  in  1772 
by  Sheriff  Barr,  then  sheritf  of  Lancaster  County,  on 
a  mortgage  foreclosure,  and  purchased  by  Joseph  Swift, 
of  Philadelphia,  grandfat 
eight  hundred  jjounds. 

Joseph  to  the  place,  then  in  Little  Britain,  now 
Fulton  township.  Joseph  Swift  was  a  sea  captain 
and  knew  nothing  about  farming,  and  brought  with 
him  George  Rutzer,  a  |)raetical  farmer,  who  worked 
the  place.  Joseph  Swift  occupied  the  old  Fullou  ^ 
homestead,  prospered,  anil  rai^ed  a  family  of  eight  t.ijm^^j 
children, — four  sons  and  four  daughters.  These  !  ^^^.  ,,^^ 
were  the  brothers  and  si^iters  of  the  subject  of  ii\n'  ^^^^^^.  y^ 
sketch,  all  of  whom,  except  three  sisters,  arc  dead,  ^i^^.  ^.^^^ 
having  attained  advanced  ages.  The  surviving  si>tei-.s  ^^^  ^^.^H 
are  Mrs.  Elizabuth  Zl-11  and  Mrs.  Margaret  Ewing,  of  ^.^^  ,,, 
Little  Britain,  Laiicastur  ( '.,.,  and  Mrs.  :Martha  Jlorri-  ti,„.|,^i, 
son,  of  Hightstoun,  X.  J.,  all  widows.  The  family 
were  all  perrjons  of  large  and  fine  ])hysii]Uf,  \\ith  hale 
and  vigorous  constitutions,  the  late  deci-a-ied  liavirig  wiiih.iii^ 
always  enjoyed  good  health.  'rh m,- 

The  Fulton  tract  wa>,  divided  into  f,nir  farms,  the  ■\\';ii;:,'' 
homestead  falling  to  John  \V.  Here  he  engaged  in  Ii;; ',,'; ,;' 
farming  and  also  merchandising,  building  a  store  on  •'■'"";'  '^ 
the  property  in  1844,  whicli  he  conducted  successfully  I  joliuw.' 
for  twenty  years.  He  brought  the  farm  into  a  good 
state  of  cultivation  ami  made  farming  jiay,  although 
until  the  construction  of  the  Peach  P.ottom  Railroad 
a  few  years  ago,  which  runs  through  the  place  and 
close  to  tlie  buildings,  it  was  remote  from  such  facili- 
ties. The  farm,  containing  one  hundred  and  thirty 
acres,  was  bought  a  year  ago  for  one  humlred  dollars 
per  acre  by  his  sons  Harvey  and  Jo-eph,  who  have 
now  large  grain  and  loliaeeo  warehoa-.es  at  Fulton 
House  Station. 

Taxables  for  1763.— The  following  list  of  persons 
were  on  tlie  tax-list  of  Little  Britain  for  the  year 
Hi)?,,  and  were  residents  of  that  part  of  the  township 


Non-Associators, 


AT    IS   NOW    FULTON'    TOW; 


1777. -The 

;    li>t,    a>    lar 


ik  and ' 
relation 


DOW  MONTCO-MEIiY'S 


1    U      JiiiM.-s  .>Kl)ow.  1  .. 

KTITION  AND  lUCliA  1' 

;  OF  '1 

i7s;,. 

;  a  DeaulaluwiJilow  by  tlio  Deiilh  c 
irid  Iffl  iiic  his  Ljiml  During  my  ni 
iJiatfliite  of  Hiii'y  li*;llte  ti>  I.Hltuul 


n,y  N.i^l, 
118  my  pill  I 


FULTON    TOWNSHIP. 


Oil  the  reverse  of  tli 
lowing  indor.-ieineiit : 

"  Tn  the  Oillerlnr  of  Lillle  Ur 
poiiuds  tmrtl  money  ami  thiee  poiiinLs  I 
ery  and  tlie  KeDiiiiiidLT  blmll  bo  allow 
Il.ipliciil  Given  n.idor  My  hand  Kovui' 


/ur 


SJ  1786 


••D\ 


Educational. — The  seliool  system  was  introduced 
into  Little  lirit;iin  tinMisliip  (including  Fulton)  in 
1837,  having  at  that  time  ten  school-houses,  eight 
teacluTs,  and  three  hundred  pupils.  It  levied  a  lax 
of  $1945.27,  drew  a  State  approjjriation  of  i!llS7.G;>, 
and  expended  for  buildings  the  sum  of  .S2G76.  At 
the  division  of  the  township  in  1844  the  number  of 
school-houses  was  still  ten,  of  which  five  fell  to  the 
share  nf  Kiilton.  Of  course  the  system  was  still  con- 
tinued, the  intelligence  of  the  people  sanctioning  it, 
and  the  choice  of  "school"  or  "no  school"  being  about 
this  time  taken  away  by  legislative  enactment.  Since 
that  time  three  new  houses  have  been  added  to  the 
number,  and  some  of  these  have  been  renewed,  adding 
to  their  comfort  and  convenience,  it  being  the  boast 
of  the  township  that  their  schools  are  the  best, — the 
best  managed  ami  conducted,  and  the  most  effective 
ill  the  lower  end  of  the  county. 

Election  and  Duty  of  Supervisors.— By  an  act  of 
the  Legislature  of  March  llj,  1808,  the  townships  of 
Fulton  and  Salisbury  were  authorized  to  elect  three 
supervisors, — one  Ibr  one  year,  one  for  two  years,  and 
one  for  three  years, — and  every  year  after  that  one 
supervisor  to  serve  three  years;  their  duty  being  to 
divide  the  roads  of  the  township  into  sections  from 
one-fourth  to  three-fourths  of  a  mile  in  length,  to  sell 
the  rejiair  of  these  sections  every  three  years  to  the 
lowest  bidder,  having  first  specified  the  repairs  to  be 
made  and  givjjn  notice  of  the  time  and  place  of  sale, 
and  to  have  charge  and  oversight  of  the  whole  work 
so  to  be  done.  Under  this  method  Fulton  township 
claims  to  have  the  best  roads  in  this  section  of  coun- 
try, and  some  travelers  have  recognized  their  entiance 
into  the  township  from  this  fact  alone.  Tlii-;  melh(Ml 
of  mending  roads  by  contract  is  now  generally  called 
"the  Fulton  system,"  and  is  universally  appnived  in 
theory,  while  in,]iractice  it  often  fails,  either  from  too 
much  being  ex|)ected  of  it  at  once,  or  more  fre(|uently 
from  the  election  of  unsuitable  or  incompetent  otHcers 
to  carry  it  into  efl'ect.  Xo  reason  can  be  assigned  why 
better  roads  cannot  be  had  at  less  cost  under  this  sys- 
tem than  any  other  if  properly  managed  and  enforced, 
liut,   nuforluuately,  the   thirst  for  gain   inlluences  a 

and  unless  supervisors  are  watchful  and  energetic  the 
system  will  fail  of  its  best  effects,  and  the  roads  will 
be  neglected  and  subsL'f|Uent  expenses  necessarily  in- 
creased.    On  the  other  hand,  if  supervisors  do  their 


duty  and  enforce  on  contractors  a  compliance  with  the 
terms  of  their  contracts,  they  bring  upon  themselves 
the  ill-will  of  the  delinquents,  and  complaints  of  their 
exactimis  are  loud  and  deep.  Fulton  township  has 
been  fortunate  in  having  supervisors  who,  disregard- 
ing clamor,  have  gone  on  doing  their  duty  and  re- 
(juiring  contractors  to  do  theirs.  And  yet  it  lias  been 
noticed  that  where  a  desire  to  avoid  the  censure  of  the 
covetous  has  produced  a  relaxation  of  strict  authority, 
the  consequence  has  been  a  retrogression  of  the  roads, 
and  consequently  an  unfavorable  reflection  upon  the 
system  itself. 

Post-Offices,— Within  the  limits  of  Fulton  township 
we  liiid  the  following  post-otfices,  viz. :  Fulton  House, 
taking  its  name,  as  does  the  township  itself,  from 
Robert  Fulton,  the  inventor,  at  whose  birthplace  it 
was  established  about  18.53,  .and  still  remains ;  (loshen, 
originally  established  at  the  store  then  belonging  to 
Jeremiah  Brown,  but  now  of  Samuel  C.  Wood,  many 
years  ago  discontinued  to  make  room  for  Fulton  House 
and  Wakefield  about  18-53,  and  since  restored  ;  Peter's 
Creek,  first  called  Rock,  at  Peach  Bottom  ;  Pleasant 
Grove,  at  the  village  of  that  name;  Lyle,  at  the  vil- 
lage of  New  Texas;  Wakefield,  established  about  1853 
at  the  store  then  kept  by  the  Wilkinson  Brothers,  but 
now  by  Smedley  &  JLirsh,  about  one-half  mile  south 
of  the  Little  Britain  Friends'  meeting-house;  and 
Wrightsdale,  on  the  line  of  Little  Britain  township, 
where  the  road  from  New  Texas  to  Eastland  crosses 
it,  in  the  store  now  kept  by  Mr.  Wright. 

The  Productions  of  the  Township,  like  those  of  all 
other  places  removed  Irom  the  great  centres  of  trade 
and  popnlatiiin,  are  chiefly  agricultural,  yet  other  pro- 
duclinii>  are  not  wanting  within  its  borders.  Chrome 
has  been  taken  out  in  considerable  quantities  on  its 
southern  border,  along  the  JIaryland  Hue,  and  iron  ore 
is  found  in  some  places.  Magnesia  also  has  been  found 
and  taken  out  in  the  "barrens,"  where  chrome  is  found. 
The  slate  quarries  al  Peach  Bottom  were  long  famous, 
but  are  now  not  worked,  York  County  furnishing  as 
good  an  article  at  less  cost.  A  few  years  ago  a  com- 
|iany  leased  the  quarries  and  made  preparations  for 
doing  an  extensive  business,  but  after  very  consider- 
able expense  incurred  in  imtting  up  buildings  and 
providing  machinery  the  enterprise  was  abandoned, 
and  has  not  since  been  resumed.  Brick  and  pottery- 
ware  are  also  made  in  the  southeastern  corner  of  the 
township.        , 

Mills  were  established  at  a  very  early  day.  King's 
mill,  on  Conowingo,  was  in  operation,  as  we  have 
seen,  at  least  as  early  as  1733,  perhaps  many  years 
helnre  that.  Gillespie's  mill,  on  the  same  stream,  was 
l.iiilt  in  17.51,  h.n- known  as  .loci  Smcdiev's  mill,  ami 
nuu  owned  liy  Frank  ( '.  I'yie.  .lushua  Brown  liuill 
a  mill  on  this  creek  al  an  early  day,  p.Thaps  alnnu 
1700,  and  which  only  a  few  years  ago  passed  out  of 
the  name.  It  now  belongs  to  Joseph  P.  Ambler,  and 
is  believed  to  b('  the  third  in  age  within  the  territorial 
limits  of  the  township.     Jeremiah   Brown's  mill  for 


85S 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


chopping  feed  and  sawing  Imnber,  also  lor  cleaning 
clover-^eL-d.  till  tliat  employment  was  superseded  b)' 
jiortable  nKuliine>,  is  nexl  below,  and  was  established 
at  an  early  day.  It  is  now  the  property  of  Samuel  O. 
Wood.  The  grist-mill  of  G.  B.  Wood,  deceased,  is 
the  Jast  on  Conowingo  within  the  State,  and  is  of  con- 
siderable antiquity.  Stubb's  mill,  on  Peter's  Oreek, 
at  the  month  of  Puddle  Dock,  was  in  operation  as 
early  as  1794,  and  perhaps  many  year.^i  before  that. 
It  now  belongs  to  Samuel  Dorsey.  Kirk  Brown  has 
a  saw-mill  near  the  moutli  of  Peter's  Creek  long  known 
as  Boyd's  saw-mill,  wliile  Edward  Wicks  has  a  grist- 
mill higher  up  on  the  same  stream.  It  was  formerly 
a  fnlling-ndll,  and  was  first  built  by  Abraliam  HutVer. 
Tliomas  Smedley  has  a  grist-  and  saw-mill,  also  a 
spoke-  and  bending-mill  on  Little  Conowi;igo,  i)artly 
run  by  steam.  This  jiroperty  has  been  in  the  Smed- 
ley family  for  eighty  years,  but  how  long  it  has  been 
improved  as  a  mill  i<  nut  cfrtaia.  With  tluse  mav 
be  classed  George  H.  Ilewr>''  IvlL'e-To,,!  l'';nt..rv  on 
Puddle  Dock  Creek. 
Villages  and  Hamlets.— Tliere  are  no  towns  of 


1  as  these,  as  wdiere  there  are 
1..'  men;  but  tlioir  names  have 
.livion.or  are  oiilv  relaine.l  in 


lati 


Oft! 


the  Un 
ach  Ho 


iMiiii, 


taverns,  a  store,  two  ferries  over  the  river  Susque- 
hanna, ami  a  considerable  nujiiber  of  dwellings.  It 
is  not  now,  however,  of  the  importance  it  was  for- 
merly,  because  of  the  decline  in  the  alate  business 
here.  This  may  be  partly  made  up  by  the  railroad 
interest,  being  a  station  on  the  Columbia  and  i'oit 
Deposit  Railroad,  and  also  the  terminus  of  tlie  IVmcIi 
Bottom  Railroad,  East  Division.  This  mad  is  now 
establishing  a  steam  ferry  to  connect  it  with  its  miil- 
dle  division  in  York  County. 

Pleasant  Grove,  toward  the  southern  border,  con- 
tains a  store,  a  school-house,  a  Good  'i'eniplars'  Hall, 
and  quite  a  number  of  dwellings. 

New  Te.xas  has  a  hotel,  a  store  (now  vacant),  and 
perhaps  a  diyen  dwellings. 

"  Penn  Hill"  (including  Wakefield,  for  it  is  indiller- 
ently  called  by  the  same  name)  is  a  .scattered  village 
lying  along  the  road  for  half  a  mile  or  more,  and  con- 
tains a  hotel,  a  store,  a  cabinet-shoj),  and  a  Friends' 
meetiiig-honse  called  Little  Britain,  but  more  gener- 
ally known  as  I'enn  Hill,  with  numerous  dwellin^is. 
liradley's  mill,  I'ormerly  King's,  the  oldest  in  tin- 
neighborhood,  is  in  the  near  vicinity. 

Military.— The  early  military  history  of  this  town- 
shi|>  is  involved  in  obscurity,  more  on  account  of  a 
lack  of  records  than  of  actual  service.      It  is  incident 

>  Company  in  the  Frenidi  and 

fohn  Scott,  as  we  learn  from 

Britain   Presbyterian    grave- 

ijnr  in  I  lie  Kevolulionary  war,  and  did 

No  doubt  there  were  manv  others  who 


icco-ililr  to  the  general  inquirer,  and  wdiere  itrwill 
,000  be  entirely  lost  to  ])osterity  unless  speedily  made 
I  nnitter  of  recor.l.  It  is  ilillicult  to  reach  these  i)ri- 
I'ate  dejjositories,  and   iiiucli   of  their  treasures   must 

I  be  inevitably  lost,  a>   mm  li   has  already  passed  away 

[  beyond  recovery. 

As  tothe  warof  the  Rebellion,  while  it  might  be  in- 

j  vidions  to  specify  individuals,  it  may  be  brielly  stated 
that  every  call  for  troops  was  promjitly  tilled  so  fir 
as  the  quota  of  this  township  was  C(mcerned.  Moneys 
were  raised,  liberal  bounties  paid,  quotas  filled,  and 
the  army  recruited  to  the  full  extent  demanded  by 
the  government.  In  this  no  pre-eminence  is  claimeil, 
as  to  the  general  promptness  in  this  res]iect  is  mainly 
due  the  succosl'ul  termination  of  the  eontlict.  The 
records  of  the  War  Department  contain  full  details 
of  these  contibulions  anil  of  the  services  rendered, 
and  to  these  the  curious  inquirer  is  referred  for  all 
further  particulars  in  this  respect. 

Ecclesiastical.— There  are  nine  houses  of  worship 
in  the  limits  of  the  tnwn^hip.  but  wdien  we  come  to 
inquire  particularl\-  into  tloir  origin,  especially  the 
moi-e  ancient  of  them,  the  nqdy  is  too  frccpientlv  re- 

[  ceived,  "Unknown." 

The  Friends'  Meeting-House  at  Penn  Hill  is  un- 
doubtedly the  first  of  these  in  point  of  time.  Friends 
here,  coming  originally  from  Nottingham,  were  lor 
many  years  a  part  of  Nottingham  Jlonthly  Meeting, 
and  indeed,  of  that  particular  meeting.  But  on  Gth 
mo.  14,  IVt'.l,  the  Ibllowing  appears  on  the  records 
of  N.)ttingham  .Monthly  Meeting: 

"  Friends,  dweller.^  in  Lancaster  county,  near  Can- 
nawiiigo,  rcquot  th.it  a  meeting  for  worship  be  al- 
loweil  and  -.etiKd  anii>)ist  those  friends,  both  on  first 
and  week-days,  l.u-^ard  to  tl.eir  r,  qn,-st,  this  meet- 
ing appoint,  .fohn  Snull..  .lo-epli  I'ennick,  dolin 
Cook,   Aaron    .Miisgravc    t..    vi-it    lho-.e    friends    and 

j  consider  how  far  they  may  be  eajiable,  to  the  rcputa- 

I  tion  of  truth,  of  keeping  up  a  meeting   for   worship 


r    Iririi 
wursl, 


ally  mentioned  that  '''I 
in  Capt.  Hugh  Patrick': 
Indian  war  .of  17.'")(1." 
his  tomb-Ion, •   in    Little 


nieeti 


'■  oi,  keeping  a  me 
report,  '  it  is  tli 
keep  a   meeting 

.'  After  some  c( 
the  said  friends  t 


2d  mo.  ID,  l7iL'.  "This  meeting  some  time  since, 
at  tbr  letiu.st  of  friend,  living  in  and  near  Little 
Britain,  with  tlu' couru.  rcnee  .d-N.,ttingliani  Jlonthly 
Meeting,  a|>|.oinl,-d   a   .•omniittee    to   view   and  settle 


lis   the   bulbil 
the  place  win 


FULTON  TOWNSHIP. 


I         appears  somewliat  discommodious,  they  now  rec|iies 


as  to  ap- 


meeting  would  coiidcscond  so 
lioiiitsome  friends  to  view  and  review  tlie  place  again, 
ill  order  lor  an  allowance  to  build  a  nieeting-honse 
on.  'J'liis  niectintr,  in  regard  to  their  rii|iii~t,  do  ap- 
]..,ii,t  John  Smith,  Joslma  Jolmso,,,  ,lusl,,ia  Pusey, 
Thomas  Carleton,  Robert  r.euis,  and  .lames  Robin- 
.soii  to  meet  at  James  Kii 
viewed  the  place   proposed 


Little  Britain  Presbyterian  Church— The  next 


in  poini  ot  time  i-.  I.iltle  Kritaiii  Presbyterian  Church. 
In  tlie  •■  .Vulhriaic  lli-.luiy  ol  Lancaster  County,"  by 
Monibelt,  the  organi/ation  of  this  church,  as  well  as 
that  of  Chestnut  Level  and  other-.,  is  set  down  as 
"unknown."  The  probabilitien  are  tiiat  the  two 
congregations  were  originally  one,  and  afterward 
ey  have  '  separated.  The  house  occupied  by  iheiu  till  a  few 
it  proper  [  years  ago  waVi  built  in  17(j3,  and  the  lot  conveyed  in 
and  cunvenient  to  build  a  iMceting- llou-e  on,  that  '  the  following  year  with  the  building  thereon.  It  is 
then  the  friends  there  may  proceed  aaordingly,  and  nnitter  of  tradition  that  a  certain  old  graveyard,  then 
make  report  to  our  next  meeting."  :  on  lands  of  Daniel  Carmichael,  now  Thomas  P.  King, 

.')th  mo.  11,  1752.  "The  friends  appointed  by  the  [  was  the  original  site  of  the  church;  and  while  this 
last  mei'ting  to  view  the  place  proposed  by  the  friends  luaij  be  true,  there  is  room  to  suppose  that  it  is  merely 
living  in  and  near  Little  Britain,  in  order  for  allow-  '  one  of  those  jirivate  burying-grounds  of  which  there 
ance  iVnni  (his  meeting  to  build  a  meetingdionse  on,  are  many  in  dilferent  sections  of  the  country.  The 
repiHt  that  thi'V  met  and  viewed  the  ground  proposed  same  is  true  ut'  Chestnut  Level,  several  locations 
by  thc.^c  frieiiils,  who  appeared  pretty  well  satislied  in  ,  being  pointed  out  by  tradition,  one  of  which  is  the 
the  choice  of  the  place,  and  are  by  this  meeting  left  \  old  Carmichael  location  as  already  mentioned  fur  the 
to  their  liberty  to  build  a  meetitig-liouse  thereon."       i  Little  Britain  Church. 

Accordingly  they  proceeded  to  build  a  house    on  Since  17(i3  the  >tatus  of  tiii>  ehuich   has  been  well 

land  of  MiJhael  King,  who,  on  iLirch  17,  1758,  exe-  deiined.  Its  ],a>tor,  lor  many  year,  were  the  same 
ented  a  conveyance  to  Samuel  Boyd,  Joshua  Brown,  '  with  those  ot  Chestnut  Level,  ilividiiig  his  time  be- 
I-aac  Williams,  and  Vincent  King,  trustees  of  Little  '  tween  them.  K.v.  .lames  Gamble  ai^pears  to  have 
Ihitain  Friends'  Jleeting,  for  tive  acre-  of  hind,  uiiun  served  in  this  capacity  twenty  years  or  more.  He 
which  the  meeting-house  was  alreiuly  bniit.  died   about   17;i.').     liev.   James    White   took    charge 

This  house  becoming  old  and  inconvenient,  a  new  s^nie  time  afterwards  and  continued  till  his  death, 
brick  house  was  erected  agood  many  years  ai:o.  which  aliout  1815.  Rev.  JMr.  Patton  and  Rev.  Francis  A. 
>till  remains  the  meeting-place  for  this  deiioiuimition  Latta  were  pastors  of  this  charge,  and  Rev.  Lindley 
in  Fulton  township.  It  still  bears  the  oliicial  appel-  C.  Rutter  occupied  (he  pulpit  from  about  1835  till 
latimi  c,f'  Little  Britain  Meeting,"  though  it  is  better  |  18— ,  when  he  retired  from  Little  Britain  and  confined 
known  outside  of  the  society  as   I'eiin  Hill.     (Jrigin-  1  himself  to   Chestnut  Level.     From   this  time  Little 

itain  employed  the   entire  services  of  a  minister, 
v.  Robert  Alexander  being  the  first,  followed  suc- 


ally  in  Little  Britain,  iroin  which  it  t 
it  still  bears,on  the  division  ol  that  toi 
erection  of  Fulton  it  fell  into  the  latu 
Ballance's  Meeting.— It  is  well  ku 
the  year  1S27  a  division  took  place  in 
Friends  (commonly  called  (Juakers), 
In'anches  claii^ied  to  be  the  original  m 
the  other  were  schisniatii  s  or  innova 


that 


ce^sively  by  Rev.  Solomon  .McNair.  Rev.  John  Boyd, 
Krv.  Alonzo  Michael,  and  .loseph  "B.  Turner,  the 
present  incumbent. 


This  wa,   s, 

j"rit.V.      Li 
desigmtted 

-  the  one  or  the  otlier  secure 
Little  Britain,  as  it  then  was, 
IS  "Orthodox,"  coiisi-ling  ,.f  a 

families  an 
thelleteroc 

1  iudividiiaN,  separated  thems 
ox,  and  built  r.n- themselves  a  s 
ng   near   what    is    now   the    lin 

Hill,  in  Fu 

tn'nV!wnshi'p!'''Thir'|s''l-,',nwn't 

Ballance's  Jleeting,"   frc 


It     lintll 

The  above  aeeount  is  so  fragmentary  as  to  be  almost 

V,  a 

,d  that 

worthle-s,  l,ut    may  irrve  a>  a  sketch,  to  be  tilled  up 

Tl 

e  more 

and  compl,-ted  by  other  and  Inller  accounts  and  more 

d  tl 

eiucp- 

|. articular  detaiU. 

r  NN 

thdrew 

Baptist  Church.  — Xe.xt  to  these  comes  the  Baptist 

hen 

-eUes. 

Church    lOld    School  i     c.illed     "  lioek    Springs,"  just 

tllL 

other. 

above  the  Marvland  line.      It  was  organized   in    l.SdS, 

d   t 

le    ma- 

and  has  puisucd  the  even  tenor  „f  its  way  since   that 

th 

■   party 

time.     The   congregation   is  euniparatively  small,  hut 

IIU 

liber  of 

earnest  and  devoted.      In  adherence  to  the  lu-inciples 

rivc 

s   from 

they  pro le.-s   theyexhilot   as   much   firmness  as   tho^e 

Mia 

1,  plain 

of  tin-  lariier  deiiominalinn^.  perhaps  more. 

ir     1 

Methodist   Episcopal    Church.— The    Methodist 

lu   1 

zlz 

F.piscopal  Church  at   Hetliel,  in  the  muthern  corner 
doubt   the  congregation   was   organized  at  an  earlier 

ted 

Here 

date,  as   thVyleul    luaii    Inr  snme  time  holding  meet- 

,d   rnm.vals  from  t 
iced  their  numbers 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTKR   COUNTY. 


structure  of  rather  small  dimensions,  but  the  power 
was  there,  and  the  membership  increased  till  iu  1851 
a  large  brick  churcii  was  erected  in  place  of  the  old 
stone  structure,  and  therein  have  they  continued  to 
worship  till  the  iircsent  day,  though  with  varying 
success  and  fluctuating  numbers.  Sometimes  large 
accessions  are  obtained,  and  then  again  by  death,  re- 
moval, and  other  causes  the  membership  is  consider- 
ably reduced.  At  the  time  the  present  house  was 
built  it  I'ormed  a  part  of  Strasburg  Circuit,  and  two 
preachers  were  placed  upon  it.  Rev.  Joseph  S.  Cook 
being  in  charge.  Since  then  tlie  circuit  has  been  j 
divided  and  altered,  Bethel  being  now  one  of  the  ap- 
pointments on  Fulton  Circuit,  whereof  Rev.  F.  51.  , 
Brady  has  the  charge,  and  is  the  only  preacher  now  ' 
itinerating  tlie  circuit. 

African  Churches.— There  are  within  the  town-  1 
ship  two  colored  .'\rethodi.-t  Churches,  each  of  them  ' 
having  been  in  existence  for  quite  a  number  of  years,  [ 
one  of  them  a  short  distance  north  of  Penn  Hill,  on  ! 
the  Lancaster  road,  and  tiie   other  now  located    at  1 
Arcadia   Station,  on    the    Peach    Bottom    Railroad.  ' 
This  last  has  been  long  known  the  country  through 
as  "  Rigby,"  one  of  its  prominent  members  at  its  or- 
ganization, and   who,   with    Elisiui   Armstrong,  fur- 
nished the  ground  u|ion  which  it  was  originally  built  [ 
some  forty  years  ago,  and  which  was  about  one  mile  I 
south  of  its  present  location.    The  old  house  becoming  ! 
inconvenient,  a  new  location  was  selected  and  a  new  j 
frame  building  erected  about  four  years  ago,  which 
they    are    now    occupying.      This    church    holds    an 
annual  meeting  on  the  second  Sunday  in  August  of 
each  year,  to  which  great  niimbL-r-.  tiinurcLMlc  from 
considerable  distances,  wiiitL-  as  ui.ll   a^  cuKircd,  and 
the  day  of  Rigby  Meeting  is   lonk.-d   forward  to  and 
prepared  for  as  an  event  of  quite  considerable  im|)or- 
tance.    It  is,  in  fact,  the  occasion  of  the  neighborhood, 
and  never  fails  to  attract  an  immense  crowd. 

Welsh  Church.-lt  only  remains  t..  notice  the 
Welsh  Church  near  Peach  Bottom,  Imilt  lo  accom- 
modate the  men  employed  in  the  >late  quarry,  who 
were  largely  of  that  nationality,  and  many  of  whom 
became  permanent  settlers  in  the  unrounding  coun- 
try, and  who  desired  services  in  their  own  lanuguage, 
and  who  built  a  house  for  that  pur|)ose  ;  and  to  close 
our  list  with  what  is  called  "The  Tabernacle,"  a 
small  frame  building  not  far  from  the  Conowingo 
Creek,  erected  to  accommodate  a  small  congregation 
of  Methodists  gathered  about  18S0,  chietly  through 
the  labors  of  Rev.  Adam  Black,  a  local  preacher  of 
the  denomination,  and  under  the  charge  of  Fulton 
Circuit,  F.  M.  Brady,  preacher  in  charge,  making 
them  an  occasional  visit. 

Justices  of  the  Peace.— Before  tlie  division  of 
Little  Britain  and  the  erection  of  Fullon  township, 
Robert  Ma.\well  had  lor  many  years  scrvi'd  a^  a  jus- 
tice of  the  peace  by  gubernatorial  appointment  up 

ter,  and  so  had  .John  Webster.     Un.ler  the  Constitu- 


tion of  1S3S,  Web-ter  had  been  elected  for  Little 
Britain.  After  the  division  of  the  township  ami  the 
organization  ol'  Fnllon  the  fillowing  have  held  the 
office  k)y  election  of  its  citizens,  to  wit: 


.SiUiiiiel  Wicks,  .\pnl  lU.  IS.ir,  ;  lo-L-li-cte.l. 
SunniBl  Wicks,  .\piil  Ui,  1S6I);  re-eleutej. 
Jiiliies  llauuii,  April  0,  ISOl  ;  l-e-l-lotli-d  .ifter 
Uolt-n  11.11  lies  ISir,;  n.-ver  t.,uk  uut  cj.n.iiio 


liife  of  Haiuia,  deceased, 
ce  of  J.  D,  I'.issniore,  len 


State  and  County  Officers.— I'nlton  townsliiphas 

ganization  in  1844,  viz.:  ^lendiers  of  the  Legislature, 
Jeremiah  B.  Stubbs,  M.D.,  1847-48;  John  C? Walton, 
1851-02;  Day  Wocjd,  IStH-GJ  ;'  Jeremiah  Brown,  as- 
sociate judge,  ISol  ;  S.  \V.  P.  ]5oyd,  sheriff,  lSl50; 
Slater  Brown,  jjriaon  ins|)ector,  date  not  at  hand. 

Jeremiah  Brown  was  also  elected  to  the  Legislature 
in  l.SL'i;,  to  the  Constitutional  Conventicm  of  13;17-3S, 
and   to  Congress   in    ISl'J  and  again    in    1844.      His 

the  l.eLrishiliiie  H'omi    17',h;  lo  IMH),  inchisive,  without 

Henry  C.irter  was  a  njcmber  of  the  Constituti.jiial 
Convention  of  1874. 


i!io(;i;.\riin,'.\L    skhtchks. 


KOIIKKT  Fl'LTdX. 
Robert  Fulton,  a  celebrated  inventor  and  engineer, 
was  born  in  Little  Britain  township,  now  Fulton, 
Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1705.  About  the  age  of  seven- 
teen he  went  to  Philadel|ihia,  ami  began  to  cultivate 
a  talent  loi'  drawing  and  p. u  trait-painting,  which  lie 
lu-aetieed  with  skill  au.l  pr.illt  fir  three  or  four  years. 
In  178(j  he  Ni-ited  l>ondon,  where  he  devoted  several 
years  to  the  swiiu-  luofession,  under  the  tuition  of 
Benjamin  West,  win,  received  hiiU.as  an  inmate  into 
his  own  hou.se.  He  ne.'it  resided  for  two  years  in 
Devonshire,  and  became  aciiuaintcd  with  the  Duke  of 
Bridgewater  and  Lord  Stanhope.  About  this  time 
liis  nieehauicil  genius  iuipellrd  liin,  to  abandon 
iiaintiiiL',  ami   to   lolhiw   the   prolession  of  civil   eiigi- 


FULTON  TOWNSHIP 


861 


noer.  In  l/'JS  he  w;is  eiigMgo 
prove  inland  navigation,  liuv 
the  idea  of  using  steam  a.s  a  i 
vented  a  machine  for  s))inniiiL 
making  ropes,  for  wliich  he  ub 
hind.  In  17'J(3  he  puhli-hed  i 
on  Canal  NaviLMthui."     Fr-H,, 


RIIBKRT    FULTON. 


ill  Paris,  ill  the  family  of  Joel  Harlow,  where  he  dis- 
played his  characteristic  enterprise  and  iiigeiuiity  in 
various  projects  and  inventions,  and  in  the  study  of 
the  scienoes  and  modern  languages.  He  was  the  pro- 
prietor of  the  first   paiioraiiia  exhibited  in  I'uris. 

neinveiitefl,asulM:iarnie  or  plunging  ImmI,  called 
a  torpedo,  designed  to  he  11-.11I  in  naval  wai Lire,  and 
induced  Honajiarte  tn  ap|jiiiiii  \'idiiey,  La  I'l, u-c,  and 
Monge  as  a  cominis.-iou  tu  examine  it.  In  isol  he 
made  an  experiment  in  the  Imrhur  ol  llie-.l,  wlicii  he 
succeeded  in  remaining  under  water  for  an  hour,  and 
in  guiding  tlie  boat  with  ease.  Other  tiiaf^  were 
made  with  partial  success,  at  the  expense  ol  the 
French  government,  but  as  they  at  ia-t  de. -lined  to 
]iatronize  the  project,  Fulton  aeieptrd,  in  Isol,  :m 
invitation  from  the  English  miiii-liv,  who  aU.i  ap- 
pointed a  commission  and  made  trials  of  hi^  torpeilo. 
It  appears,  liowever,  that  the  ICnglisli  di.i  not  give 

New  York.  Here,  in  co-„'p,.rati.Hi  willi  KoI.ert  Liv- 
ing-ton, L-.|..  he  sneovded,  in  |S(I7,  in  perfecting  the 
greatdi=coVeiy  of  .Mean,  ii.iMgatioii. 

Though  others  had  previously -conceived  the  idea 
of  steam  navigation,  F'ulton  is  adiiiilted  to  have  been 
the  first  who  sueces>fiilly  realized  11.  In  LSI17  hi, 
boat,   the  ■■(nermont,"  was   launched   at   New    York, 


ect  to  ini-  and  the  trial  was  so  successful  that  it  excited  great 
conceived  admiration,  and  steamboats  were  rapidly  multiplied 
!r.  He  in-  on  the  American  rivers.  The  "  Clermont"  made  reg- 
mother  for  ular  passages  between  New  York  and  Albany,  at  the 
Its  in  luig-  rate  of  five  miles  an  hour,  but  this  rate  was  soon"iu- 
i  "Treatise  creased  by  improved  machinery, 
lie  re-iiled  Several  other  larger  boats  were  built  under  the  di- 
rection of  Fulton,  wdio  expended  large  sums  of  money 
in  this  way,  though  he  received  nothing  for  his  pat- 
ent. In  1S06  he  married  Harriet,  daughter  of  Walter 
Livingstcm,  by  whom  he  had  tour  children.  He  pos- 
sessed great  personal  dignity  and  agreeable  manners, 
and  many  noble  qualities  of  heart.  In  the  midst  of 
his  triumph  and  in  the  height  of  jnosperity  he  died 
in  New  York,  in  February,  I8I0. 


.ILTDilK    .JEI(i:.\llAH    ]JHO\VX. 

Among  the  early  and  iiitelliLieiit  settlers  in  Little 
15ritain,now  Fulton  township,  were  the  Browns,  gen- 
erally known  as  -the  Browns  of  Nottingham." 

As  early  as  the  year  IGSO,  James  and  William 
Brown,  sous  of  William  Brown,  of  I^igland.  mem- 
bers of  the  Society  of  Friends,  emigrated  to  America, 
and  settled  near  ^Marcus  Hook,  on  the  Delaw^are 
Itiver.  James  married  Honour  Clayton.  They  had 
six  children,   four  sons  and    two  ilaughters.     Their 

[iropose  to  follow. 

In  the  year  1G99  a  colony  of  Friends  took  up 
eighteen  liundred  acres  of  land  in  Nottingham,  Ches- 
ter Co.,  forty  miles  from  Marcus  Hook,  and  at  that 
time  "  deemed  far  back  in  the  wilderness."  William 
I'eiui  donated  them  forty  acres  of  land  for  a  meeting- 
house, graveyard,  etc. 

Among  those  Friends  were  JameS  and  William 
Brown,  before  mentioned,  and  from  these  brothers  have 
descended  most  of  that  name  now  residing  in  the 
southern  ends  of  Chester  and  Lancaster  Counties,  Pa., 
and  the  northern  end  of  Cecil  County,  in  Maryland, 
nnnibered  by  hundrcils,  and  extending  to  the  eighth 


Jeremiah  Brown,  above  mentioned,  in  the  year 
1710,  married  Mary  Cole,  of  Nottingham.  Their 
children  were  Patience,  Jeremiah,  Joshua,  and  Isaac. 

Joshua  was  born  3d  month  o,  1717.  He  married 
llannali  Gatchel,  lntli  niunlli  l.'i.  17:W.  Their  oll- 
^pring  numbered  eleven,  ten  of  whom  lived  to  man- 
hood and  womanhood. 

In  the  year  1758,  Joshua  Brown  purchased  five  hun- 
dred acres  of  land  in  Little  Britain,  now  Fulton  town- 
ship, Lancaster  Co.,  and  removed  thereto,  his  eldest 

On  this  be'ailtilill  larm.  situated  ill  the  (^iiiowingo 
Valley,  a  sab,lantial  brirk  dwelliiig-lioiise  was 
erected,  which  has  braved  the  storm-,  of  more  than  a 
eeiitniy,  and  yet  remains  a  sound   huilding,  occupied 


86:3 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


Joshua  Brown  was  an  eminent  minister  in  the  so- 
ciety of  Friends,  and  traveled  extensively  in  the  love 
of  tlie  gospel  to  all  the  meetings  of  the  society  in  the 
different  colonies.     During  the  time  of  the  Revolu- 
tionary war  he  felt  it  his  duty  to  visit  Friends  at  ^Vin- 
ehester,   in  Virginia,   who    liad  been  banished  from 
their    homes   in    Philadelphia  for   no  crime  but  for 
their  faithful  adherence   to   their  well-known  peace  \ 
])rinciples.     While  on  that  visit  one  of  their  number 
died.     After  attending  his  funeral,  and  encouraging  | 
Friends  to  faithfulness  under  their  suffering,  he,  in  j 
company  with    Achilla    Douglas,  of  Virginia,  as  a  j 
companion,  proceeded  to  visit  the  meetings  of  Friends 
in  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  and  South  Carolina,  and  j 
encourage  Friends  during  that  trying  period  to  stand  ' 
fast  to  their  Christian  testimony  against  all  wars  and 

In  the  latter  State  they  were  arrested  by  the  au- 
thorities as  spies  and  cast  into  prison.  J.  Brown  j 
showed  the  officers  his  credentials  of  unity  with  his 
friends  at  home  and  the  object  of  his  mission  among 
them.  After  a  thorough  investigation,  the  judge  of 
the  court  admitted  he  believed  them  to  be  innocent 
men.  Yet  he  said  he  "  was  under  the  disagreeable 
necessity  of  committing  them  to  prison,  as  he  could 
not  dispense  with  the  law."  J.  Brown  replied,  "  It  is  | 
hard  to  commit  such  to  prison  whom  thou  believest 
to  be  innocent."  He  nevertheless  committed  them  to 
prison. 

The  jailer  and  his  wife  were  kind   to  them,  and 
soon  they   were  allowed   the  privilege  of  the  town,  i 
returning  to  the  jail  in  the  evening  to  lodge.     They  I 
held  religious  meetings  in  the  court-house  frequently,  ' 
which  the  citizens  attended  and  expressed  their  satis-  : 
faction.     The  prisoners  were  offered  their  release  on  , 
condition  "they  would  leave  the  State,  never  to  re-  I 
turn."     This  they  could  not  conscientiously  consent 
to,  and  after  a  detention  of  about  six   months  they 
were   discharged.      Notwithstanding   this   long   and 
unexpected   imprisonment,  Joshua  felt  it  a  religious 
duty  to  visit  the  ditlerent  meetings  of  Friends  in  the 
Carolina*  and  Virginia  on  his  return   home,' and,  as 
he  wrote,  "  1   reached   my  habitation  on   the   2Gth  of  j 
twelfth   month,  1778,  with  a  peaceful  mind,  having  I 
been  a  prisoner  six  months,  wanting  two  days."  This  j 
valuable  Friend  and  un<launted   Christian  died  the  : 


15th  day  of  the- Tenth  n 
second  year  of  his  age, 
gospel  forty-eight  years. 

Of    his    children,    four, 
with  Vincent  King),  Jen 


iz.,   Mary    (intermarried 
iah,  Isaiah,  and  Joshua 


Brown,  settled  and  remained  on  the  homestead  or 
in  the  neighborhood.  Vincent  and  Jeremiah  King, 
sons  of  the  former,  were  noted  physicians,  eminent 
in  their  profession.    Jeremiah  purchased  of  his  fatlier 

ultimately  l.t-came  the  chief  ioerOliant  miiriii  MHilhern 
Lancaster  (Jounty.        ' 


forty  acres  of  land,  a  part  of  his  father's  farm.  He 
died  in  the  year  1805,  leaving  one  son,  who  sub^c- 
quently  removed  to  Illinois. 

Joslufa,  the  youngest  son,  lived  and  died  (in  the 
year  18:23)  on  the  mansion  farm,  leaving  no  children. 

Jeremiah,  as  has  been  stated,  purchased  his  father's 
mills  and  a  portion  of  his  farm.  He  was  a  man  pos- 
sessed of  great  energy  and  perseverance,  and  wa^ 
eminently  successful  in  business.  His  supplies  of 
grain  at  that  time  were  chiefly  drawn  from  the  rich 
valleys  of  the  Pequea  and  Conestoga,  in  Lancaster 
County,  and  the  Codorus  Valley,  in  York  County, 
from  whence  it  wa.s  carted  iu  wagons  to  the  mill,  and 
the  flour  in  turn  carted  thirty  miles  to  Christiana 
Creek,  Delaware,  where  it  was  shipped  to  Philadel- 
phia, then  the  nearest  and  most  expediti(jus  route  to 
a  market. 

About  the  year  ISOO  he  purchased  the  extensive 
Slate  Hill,  at  Peach  Bottom,  in  Lancaster  County,  on 
the  Susquehanna  River,  and  commenced  the  manu- 
facture of  roofing-slates.  From  these  quarries,  the 
first  opened  in  this  section  of  the  State,  he  furnished 
the  slate  which  yet  covers  the  State  capitol  at  Har- 
risburg,  the  Friends'  Asylum  for  the  Insane  at  Frank- 
ford,  numerous  public  buildings  in  Baltimore,  Wash- 
ington, Alexandria,  and  Fredericksburg,  in  Virginia. 
These  quarries  he  continued  to  work  successfully 
until  the  year  1827,  when  he  relinquished  them  to  his 
three  sons,  Levi,  Jeremiah,  and  Slater  Brown,  who 
continued  to  work  them  until  a  recent  period.  He 
was  several  times  chosen  a  member  of  the  Legislature 
of  his  native  State  while  its  sessions  were  held  iu 
the  borough  of  Lancaster,  and  during  his  term  was 
instrumental  in  procuring  the  passage  of  several  acts 
of  vast  benefit  to  his  constituents. 

In  the  year  1810  he,  with  others,  established  the 
Farmers'  Bank,  at  Lancaster,  an  institution  which 
has  stood  the  test  of  all  financial  struggles  with  un- 
blemished credit  to^the  present  time,  and  at  the  time 
of  his  decease,  in  1831,  was  perhaps  its  largest  stock- 
holder, holding  in  his  own  name  one  thousand  shares 
of  its  stock.  Although  active  and  energetic  in  busi- 
ness, he  did  not  neglect  his  religious  duties.  During 
a  long  life  he  was  diligent  in  his  attendance  of  all  the 
meetings  of  the  Society  of  Friends  when  health  per- 
mitted, and  for  many  years  was  an  esteemed  elder  in 
the  church.  Near  the  close  of  his  life  he  built,  at  his 
own  expense,  tlie  present  commodious  brick  meet- 
ing-house at  IVnn  Hill,  which  to  all  appearances 
may  stand  another  century  a  monument  of  his  liber- 
ality and  devotion  ^o  the  [irinciples  and  testimonies 
of  the  society  of  which  he  was  a  lifelong  and  consist- 
ent member.  He  died  the  7th  day  of  the  Seventh 
mouth,  1831,  aged  nearly  eighty-two  years. 

Hischiklren-Saiah,  Levi,  Hannah,  Deborah,  Jcre- 
Uiiuh.andSlat.i  iJi.nvu-^all  iiK.iru-d  an. 1  .settled  near 

and  vicinity.    .Sarah  Luai  ried  Timotliy  Haines.     Han- 


^.. 


(^c^^/^^-^^^Z^ 


FULTON   TOWNSHIP. 


863 


null  married  Isaac  Stubbs,  mother  of  Dr.  J.  15.  Stubbs, 
who  will  be  represented  on  another  page. 

Of  liis  three  sons,  Levi  was  a  retired  man,  a  miller, 
and  farmer,  much  esteemed,  who  deceased  in  184G, 
aged  about  seventy  years.  Slater,  tht-  yimiiL't-'^t  sun, 
inherited  the  paternal  mansion,  fann,  and  mill-,;  was 
snccessful  in  business;  also  took  an  active  part  in 
political  affairs.  IIo  was  elected  and  for  some  years 
served  as  one  of  the  prison  ins|)ectors  of  the  county. 
His  death  occurred  on  the  Olh  of  tlie  Si.\tb  month, 
1855,  aged  sixty-eight  years. 

Jeremiah,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was  born 
the  14th  day  of  the  Fourth  month,  17S5  ;  he  mar- 
ried. Fifth  month  14,  1807,  Ann,  daugliter  of  Roger 
and  Rachel  Kirk,  of  Nottingham.  Enjoying  a  robust 
constitution,  in  early  life  lie  was  placed  in  his 
father's  mill  to  learn  the  trade,  in  wdiich  capacity 
much  of  the  time  it  was  necessary  for  liini  to  con- 
tinue half  of  the  night  season;  at  other  times  he 
drove  one  of  the  teams,  hauling  wheat  to  and  Hour 
t'rom  the  mills.  He  was  a  man  of  good  natural  abil- 
ities and  sound  judgment,  and  in  early  life  was  fre- 
quently chosen  to  responsible  positions  in  the  neigh- 
borhood. 

In  the  year  1826  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  on  the  Federal  ticket,  and  served 
during  that  session,  which  will  be  remembered  as  the 
one  in  which  the  State  inaugurated  "  her  great  sys- 
tem of  internal  improvements"  to  the  satisfaction  of 
his  constituents.  The  following  year  he  was  again 
nominated,  but  owing  to  the  breaking  up  of  the  old 
political  parties  in  that  year,  many  Federalists,  in- 
cluding the  Hon.  James  Buchanan,  joining  in  the 
Jackson  excitement,  he  was  defeated  by  Hon.  George 
13.  Porter,  a  leading  Democl-at,  afterwards  Governor 
of  Michigan,  by  a  very  few  votes.  In  the  year  1S3G  he 
was  placed  at  the  head  of  the  ticket  and  chosen  a 
member  of  the  Convention  to  revise  the  Constitution 
of  the  State.  The  Convention  met  at  Harrisburg  the 
following  spring,  and,  after  several  months'  discussion, 
adjournal  to  meet  in  Philadelphia,  where  it  concluded 
its  labors  the  following  winter. 

In  the  year  1S40  he  was  nominated  and  electe<l  a 
member  of  Congress  for  Lancaster  County,  in  con- 
nection with  Hon.  Francis  James,  of  Cbc-ler,  and 
Hon.  John  Edwards,  of  Delaware  County,  tlio-e 
three  counties  forming  the  congressional  di.-lint.  In 
1842  he  was  again  unanimously  nominated,  and  with 
his  colleagues  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-suvcnib  Con- 
gress. Although  not  accustomed  to  public  sjieaking, 
lie  was  a.ssiduous  and  diligent  in  his  committee- 
rooms,  where,  after  all,  the  effective  work  is  accom- 
plished. During  his  term  of  service  the  well-known 
"  tarifl"  of  1842"  was  enacted,  in  support  of  which  he 
took  a  conspicuous  part,  and  which,  during  its  con- 
tinuance, proved  so  beiieticial  to  theextcn>ive  manu- 
factures of  his  district. 

Having  completed  liis  second  terni  ..f  I'ongros,  lie 
devoted  himself  to   his   i.rivate   alfair-  until  the  year 


ISoU,  when  he  was  nominated  and  elected  an  asso- 
ciate judge  of  the  courts  of  Lancaster  County  for  the 
term  of  five  years,  which  position  he  tilled  to  the 
entire  satisfaction  of  his  fellow-citizens.  In  the  year 
1855  he  was  solicited  to  be  a  candidate  for  re-election, 
but  on  aecrftint  of  enfeebled  health  and  advancing 
years  he  declined  the  honor,  and  retired  to  private 
"life.  He  was  a  man  uf  dicid.-d  character,  kind  and 
benevolent  to  the  pour  and  the  alllictcd,  firm  in  his 
convictions  of  the  right,  and  of  unswerving  integrity. 
His  valuable  life  close<l  the  2d  day  of  the  Third 
month,  1858,  in  the  seventy-third  year  of  his  age. 

Judge  Brown  left  seven  children.  Two  sons.  Kirk 
and  Edwin,  have  since  deceased.  Hannah  (wife  of 
Samuel  C.  AVood)  resides  on  the  mansion  farm; 
Rachel  K.  (widow)  has  removed  with  her  children 
and  their  families  to  Kansas;  Deborah  H.  (widow) 
resides  with  her  son  in  the  adjoining  township  of 
Little  Britain  ;  Alfred  M.  Brown  resides  on  his  farm, 
and  Levi  K.,  his  eldest  surviving  son,  a  retired  farmer 
and  well-known  business  man,  resides  on  his  farm 
adjoining  the  paternal  mansion. 

William  H.  Brown,  son  of  Levi  K.  Brown,  and 
grandsim  of  Judge  Brown,  is  the  chief  engineer  of 
the  Pennsylvania  Railroad,  and  resides  in  Phila- 
delphia. 

D.\Y  W001>. 
The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Little  Britain 
township,  Aug.  7,  1812.  His  father  was  Jesse  Wood, 
and  his  mother  a  daughter  of  Samuel  Carter,  a  man 
widely  known  for  his  integrity  and  other  noble  traits 
of  character. 

Day  Wood's  parents  were  Friends,  to  which  society 
he  belonged,  although  he  did  imt  participate  in  their 
I  extreme  views  in  all  cases  of  non-resistance.  The  in- 
'  fluence  of  this  society  wherever  extended  has  been  to 
I  pronmte  benevolence,  peace,  and  good  will  to  men, 
I  and  in  these  traits  of  character  lie  was  an  admirable 
I  representative  of  their  di>L-irines. 

He  received  his  education  in  the  common  schools, 
except  a  single  term  in  a  neighboring  seminary,  but 
being  a  persistent  reader  of  books  and  papers,  he  ac- 
ijuired  a  vast  amount  of  infurmation  in  this  way. 
\Vhen  the  question  of  the  public  scIukjI  system  was 
first  agitated  he  es])OUsed  the  cause,  and  shortly  after 
it  became  established  by  law  he  was  made  a  director, 
which  position  he  held  up  to  the  time  of  his  death. 
In  this  capacity  he  took  an  active  interest  in  the 
schools  of  his  district,  and  was  often  found  in  the 
;  school-room  encouraging  by  words  and  his  presence 
the  teacher  and  pujiils  in  the  good  work. 

He  married  Eliza,  daughter  of  Joel  Jackson,  a  man 
remarkable  for  many  peculiarities  and  intellectual 
en<lowments  of  a  liigh  order.  They  removed  to  a 
farm  near  Penn  Hill,  where  he  f(dlowed  the  business 
of  farming  and  feeding  cattle.  He  made  several  trips 
to  Ohio  for  the  purchase  of  them,  generally  bringing 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


bors  ;  tliere  being  no  railroads,  he  ' 
them  tlie  entire  distance.     lie  n 


obliged  to  drive 


cattle-leeiling  a  Micces?,  and  u 
fine  .toek. 

His  political  career  was  a  model  of  unswerving  con- 
sistency. Firm  and  iinclianging  in  his  sentiments,  he 
was  true  to  the  principles  which  he  thought  right. 
Born  and  reared  within  a  few  miles  of  the  line  wliich 
formed  the  boundary  between  slavery  ajid  freedom, 
he  was  never  captivated  or  allured  by  the  fascinating 
influences  of  the  system  of  human  bomhiL'c,  but  fiom 
the  earliest  ellbrts  of  his  life  to  the  day  ,,(  his  ,|,;ith 
he  was  an  uncom|iromising  iiater  of  that  institution, 
and  no  event  of  his  whole  life  afforded  him  more  heart- 
felt gratification  than  the  privilege  of  placing  his 
name  on  the  record,  when  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature,  in  favnr  of  the  proposed  aniiMulniciit  to 
the  Constitution  of  the  I'nitcd  States,  lo.ever  al>.d- 
ishing  slavery. 

He  was  among  the  Hrst  in  his  neighborhood  to  ad- 
vocate the  principles  of  the  Republican  party, 
when  the  war  broke  out,  although  his  early  teaching.s 
and  convictions  were  against  the  evils  of  war,  he  saw 
it  was  the  only  course  and  accepted  the  issue,  and  did 
what  he  c(iuld  tur  the  preservation  of  the  Union.  He 
took  a  great  interest  in  the  soldiers,  and  especially 
those  of  his  own  neighborhood,  and  was  frequently 
with  them  in  the  Held.  He  gave  generously  of  his 
means  for  the  assistance  of  soldiers'  aid  societies,  and 
for  the  support  of  their  families  at  home.  He  was 
chosen  a  delegate  to  the  national  convention  which 
met  on  the  8th  uf  June,  18G4,  in  Baltimore,  and  as- 
sisted in  the  renomination  of  the  lamented  Abraham 
Lincoln. 

Day  Wood  was  elected  in  the  year  1864  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  State  Legislature,  which  position  he 
filled  with  credit  to  himself  and  his  constituency. 
During  the  entire  session  he  was  not  absent  eveji  for 
a  day  from  Jiis  jjoat  of  duty,  and  the  record  shows  his 
position  upon  every  question  upon  which  the  decision 
of  that  body  was  recorded.  He  again  received  the 
nomination,  and  was  elected  a  few  days  before  his 
death,  which  occurred  on  the  liith  day  of  October,  | 
1865. 

Day  Wood  was  one  of  the  most  honored  and  highly- 
respected  men  in  Ivancaster  County.  His  manners  were  i 
unobtrusive,  retiring,  and  gentle;  no  appearance,  no 
act  of  his  could  be  regarded  as  challenging  attention. 
He  moved  among  his  fellow-men  with  manifestations 
of  constant  respect  for  their  rights  and  their  |iositi(m. 
HLs  widow,  one  daughter,  and  two  sons  survived  him.  j 
The  daughter,  Rachel,  married  Judge  J.  T.  Hoke,  of  | 
West  Virginia,  and  resides  in  that  State.     The  ehlest 
son,  Edward,  graduated  at  West  Point  Military  Acad-  j 
emy  ;  nuuried  Miss  Li/./.y'Wynn,  of  Chester  County, 
Pa.,  and  now  is  an  ollicer  in  the  regular  army.     The 
youngest  son.  Day,  married  Miss  A.  E,  Wood,  and  re- 
sides  on  the  old  homestead,  and   follows  the  business 
of  farming. 


JOHN    L.    PATTERSON. 

John  L.  Patterson,  son  of  Thomas  and  Hannah  W. 

Patterson,  was  born  in  August,  1S23.     He  was  reared 


a  farmer,  and  ret 
His  mother  died  i 
ten  years  after w a 
age  he  began  the 
an  apprenticeship 
to  which  fact  his  1 
roundings  fully  al 


ved 


1848,  : 


school  education, 
id  his  father  died 
IS  thirty  years  of 
He  never  served 


In  January,  1853,  .Mr.  Patterson  married  Jliss  Ann 
Eliza,  daughter  of  James  and  .Margaret  Black.  Their 
children  (seven  iir  number)  are  Laura  M.,  T.  Howard, 
Ashmore  P.,  Annie  B.,  Lindley  R.,  Lcta  May,  and 
Bessie.  Laura,  the  eldest  daughter,  married  J(jhn  L. 
Bockius;  they  have  one  child,  Ada  Hell.  How.ird 
married  Mi.ss  Kate  E.  Hensel  ;  their  children  are 
Grace  A.,  Laura  E.,  and  an  infant  daughter.  Ash- 
more  P.  married  Miss  Emma  J.  Grubb;  they  have 
one  child,  W.  Chester. 

Mr.  Patterson  is  of  Scotch-Irish  descent.  He  is  a 
man  wdio  enjoys  an  excellent  rcput;>tion  for  integrity 
and  good  business  qualities;  has  held  a  luunber  of 
township  otHces,  such  as  .school  director,  etc. 


(in  of  I'^li  and  Elizabeth 
Ihitaiii  township,  on  the 
,  1817.  His  father,  who 
ircr  of  sorghum  molasses, 
ester  Co.,  Pa.,  on  the  4th 
1786.     He  came  to  Lan- 


lO.M.MOR  .SMI 

Emmor  Smedley,  eldest  sn 
Smedley,  was  born  in  Little  1 
27th  of  the  Seventh  month, 
was  a  farmer  and  mainilUciur 
was  born  at  Willislowii,  Che- 
day  of  the  Twelllh  inoiith 
caster  County  in  180i;.  His  mother,  a  minister  in  the 
Siiciety  of  Friends,  was  born  on  the  14th  day  of  the 
Filth  month,  1786.  She  was  frequently  engaged  in 
visiting  the  meetings  of  the  neighborhood,  as  well  as 
throughout  the  IState  of  Pennsylvania.  Her  last  com- 
munication was  at  the  funeral  of  an  aged  neighbor, 
on  wdiich  oceasiou  she  addressed  a  large  audience. 
She  died  on  the  L'ltli  of  the  Tliir.l  iiKoith,  I8.5S.  IK-r 
husband  followed  her  seven  years  afterwards. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  received  a  common- 
school  education  in  his  neighborhood.  For  a  number 
of  years  he  was  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  mo- 


■0'^ 

-"^^t^^^^^ 


EMMOK    SMEDLEY. 


NEAL    HAMBLETON. 


4c^.7^-^C'^ 


FULTON    TOWNSHIP. 


I;is9es  in  connection  with  farming.  On  the  11th  day 
of  the  Second  month,  1844,  he  married  Elizabeth 
Adams:  Tlieir  children  are  Mary,  Edith,  and  Kircil- 
dia.  They,  liowever,  bnried  two  children,  one  an 
infant  son,  who  was  named  Enoch  B.,  died  on  the 
21st  of  the  Eleventh  month,  1843,  and  a  very  promis- 
ing young  man,  over  twenty  years  of  age,  wlio  died 
on  the  11th  of  the  Third  month,  1843.  His  name  was 
Abel  K. 

Mary  E.  married  Enos  W.  Marsh  ;  they  have  two 
children,  namely,  Clarence  and  Emmor  E.  Kircildia 
married  Joseph  S.  Townsend  ;  they  have  no  children. 

About  the  year  18G8,  Mr.  Sniedley  began  the  study 
of  electrical  medication  under  George  W.  Freed,  M.D., 
and  for  a  number  of  years  has  been  practicing  his 
profession.  He  is  a  man  of  good  sense  and  strict 
integrity,  is  modest  and  unassuming,  has  no  desire 
for  public  places,  though  he  has  often  been  solicited 
to  accept  them.  He  was  elected  school  director, 
however,  in  1877,  and  served  with  credit  until  1880, 
when  he  resigned,  against  the  wishes  of  the  people. 


NE.\L  KAlIliLETON. 
Neal  Hambletou  was  born  in  Morgan  County,  Ohio, 
March  22,  1838,  his  parents  having  emigrated  from 
Fulton  townsiiip,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  to  the  Buckeye 
State  in  1830,  the  entire  trip  being  made  in  tlie  old- 
fashioned  Conestoga  wagons,  with  bows  over  the  top 
and  covered  with  canvas  or  cotton  sheeting.  Neal 
was  the  youngest  of  a  family  of  eight  boys  and  four 
girls,  and  was  left  at  an  early  age  to  care  for  himself, 
his  father  having  died  in  1845,  and  his  motlier  a  few 
years  later.  His  first  experience  in  earning  a  living 
for  himself  was  on  a  neighboring  farm,  where  he 
worked  a  term  of  three  years  for  the  small  sum  nf 
seventy  dollars,  and  from  this  small  sum  was  com- 
pelled to  furnish  his  own  clothing.     When  sixteen 


and  a  half  wars  of  age  he  entered  the  "  Albany 
Manual  Labor  University,"  at  Albany,  Ohio,  where 
he  remained  one  and  a  half  years,  working  for  liis 
board  and  tuition,  and  when  at  the  age  of  eightini 
he  commenced  teaching  school,  teaching  winters  and 
returning  in  the  spring.  Thus  he  continued  until  the 
spring  of  1850,  when,  on  account  of  ill  healtli,  and 
with  a  cash  capital  of  only  sixty-six  dollars,  he  em- 
harked  on  board  a  steamer  at  New  York  for  Califor- 
nia, where  he  arrived  after  a  long  and  tedious  passage. 
Here  a  new  difficulty  met  him.  He  was  far  I'rom 
h(jme,  and  witliont  money  or  friends,  and  no  demand 
t.,r  the  kind  of  lalmr  he  desired,  although  he  was 
then  in  the  Sierra  Nevada  Mountains.  He  finally 
obtained  work  in  a  saw-mill,  where  he  r.in:iiiicd  two 
months,  when  at  the  ur;;.-nt  rcpir-t  ol  llir  diieelor- 
of  the  school  he  had  lelt  in  Waii.ii  Connly,  Ohio,  1„ 
returned  to  teaching  again,  miuh  nnprnv.d  m  luallh. 
He  remained  here  a  teacher  until  •Hi.  1,  w  Ik  n  lir  w.iit 
to  McLean  County,  111.;  K.  a^M^l   hi-,  l.i.,ll;rr  m   tlu' 


until  the  spring  of  18G3,  when  at  the  urgent  request 
of  his  only  surviving  uncle,  the  late  William  Neal, 
of  Philadelphia,  became  to  renn-ylvania,  and  liually 
went  to  Wilmington,  Del.,  where  he  worked  two  and 
a  half  years  in  a  machine-shop,  tinishing  a  trade  at 
which  he  had  worked  with  a  brother  in  Ohio.  From 
Wilmington  he  wejit  to  Philadelphia,  and  worked  in 
Sellers'  machine-shop  till  ISti'J,  when  he  was  appointed 
one  of  the  assistant  boiler  inspectors,  a  position  of 
much  responsibility,  the  execution  of  the  law  meet- 
ing with  opposition  by  owners  of  old  and  dangerous 
boilers  which  were  ordered  to  be  removed.  After 
three  years  as  boiler  inspector,  he  spent  one  year  as 
superintendent  of  a  large  ornamental  iron  foundry, 
after  which  lie  spent  three  years  in  traveling  for  the 
Rue  Manufacturing  Conijiany  of  Philadeliihia,  intro- 
ducing among  railroad  officials  a  new  and  ini]iroved 
steam  injector.  While  in  their  employ  in  lS7o  he 
met  with  a  serious  and  painful  accident,  having  all 
of  the  front  part  of  his  right  foot  toin  oil  while  at 
work  on  an  engine. 

Mr..  Hambletou  was  married  in  181)9  to  a  daughter 
of  Jeremiah  Brown,  and  granddaughter  of  Slater 
Brown,  one  of  the  ])ioneers  of  Fulton  township.  Tu 
1876  he  moved  to  his  uncle  William  Neal's,  to  care 
for  him  in  his  declining  years,  Mrs.  Neal  having  died 
]  in  1875. 

I       In  1877,  Mr.  Neal  was  at  the.  request  of  relatives, 

declared  a  hinntic.and  Mr.  ilambleton  was  appointed 

by  the  proper  authorities  to  continue  the  care  of  him. 

In    the   mean    time   Jlr.   Ilambleton    purchased  the 

farm  upon  which  he  now  resides  (formerly  owned  by 

thegreat-grandfatherof  Mrs.  Hambletou), upon  which 

he  has  erected  the  most  elegant  and  sightly  buildings 

in  Fulton  township.     At  this  place  Mr.  Neal  made 

his  home  during  the  summer  season,*  and  at  whicli 

place  he  died  June  30,  18SU,  in  his  eighty-eighth  year. 

I  In  the  settlement  of  Mr.   Ilanibleton's  accounts  as 

I  committee  of  William  Neal,  he  was  forced  into  several 

!  years  of  litigation,  uhirh  was  finally  decided  in  his 

'   favor  in  1SS3,  by  the  Siipienie  Court  of  Pennsylvania. 

Mr.  llaniMcton  i^-  -iiie  of  the  wide-awake,  enterprising 

lainier>   of    Fulton,   a>    the   general    appearance   and 

products  of  hi.s   Ian,,  will   fully  attest.     He  has  three 

'  children,— Annie  K-telle,  William  N.,and  .Mary  Elsie 

Hambletou. 

ROiiEK  11.  KIUK. 
I  Koger  H.  Kirk,  -on  of  JoMali  and  Phehe  Passmore 
I  Kirk,  was  Imuu  on  the  liitli  day  of  the  Third  numth, 
1815.  His  paient>  having  died  when  he  was  very 
young,  Pog.T  ua-  appivnli.ed  to  a  miller.  Aftrr  fui- 
i-liin,-  histradr  lie  followed  (he  huMue-^s  for  a  nuni- 
iM.Tof  yrai--.  Hr  nia.iird  Url.orali  luoun,  daui;liter 
oC  Levi  and  Hannah  I'.rouu,  of  Pulton  township, 
l.a.na-.er  Co.,  and  -„l,-,.,n,.„tly  moved  to  that  por- 
tion of  Kulton  lown.hip,  l.an.-aster  Co.,  known  as 
-Pleasant  (inne,"  appropriately  named  from  its 
beauty,   fertility,  and    pietures.pie  suiroundiiigs,  two 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


miles  distiuit  from  the  Susquehanna  River.  Ry  in-  I 
<histry  and  good  taste  he  has  acquired  tlie  l>eautiful  ! 
t'arna  which  is  liis  present  home. 

He  took  an  active  part  in  the  erection  of  tlie  Con- 
owingobridge.wliich  spans  the  Susquehanna,  connect-  i 
ing Cecil  and  Harford  Counties,  Md.     He  was  instru- 
mental in  organizing  a  banking  company  at  O.Kfbrd,  [ 
Chester  Co.,   Pa.,  soon  after   the  completion  of  the 
Baltimore  Central  Railroad.     He  has  taken  an  active  | 
part  in  many  enterprises  in  this  flourishing  village,  | 
and  has  many  personal  interests  in  it.     His  children 
are  Levi  B.,  Lewis  H.,  Mercy  A.,  and  Hattie  B.  H.  | 
Deborah,  wife  of  Roger  H.  Kirk,  died  2Sth  of  Seventh  j 
month,  1879.  | 


CHAPTER    LVIL 


EAS 


lEMPFIELD    TOWN.'^I 


Natural  Features.--Tlie  t.iwn.-hip  is  well  adapted 
for  cultivation.  "Chestnut  Hill"  sudJeidy  termi- 
nates in  the  eastern  section  of  tlie  townsliip.  The 
land  upon  it  has  generally  been  divided  into  small 
farms,  which  produce  per  acre,  perhaps,  as  much  grain 
as  is  grown  in  the  rich  limestone  valleys  upon  either 
side  of  it.  The  land  in  the  valleys  is  gently  rolling 
and  easily  cultivated.  A  number  of  small  streams 
flow  into  Little  Conestoga  Creek,  which  forms  the 
eastern  boundary  of  the  township,  and  they  supi)ly 
an  abundance  of  water  to  every  farm  through  which 
they  pass.  A  portion  of  the  township  also  borders 
upon  Big  Chikis  Creek,  in  the  northwestern  section.- 
Tlie  water-shed  of  at  least  three-fourths  of  its  surface 
inclines  to  the  Conestoga.  Its  area  is  fourteen  thou- 
sand one  hundred  and  forty-five  acres. 

Hempfield  was  one  of  the  original  townships,  and 
was  thu^  named  from  the  large  quantities  of  hemj) 
grown.  ^ 

Its  boundaries  were  as  follows:  "  Beginning  at  the 
mouth  of  Conestoga,  thence  up  the  Susquohannah  to 
Chickasalunga;  thence  up  the  said  Creek  to  Peter's 
Road  by  the  Log  Cabins;  thence  to  Little  Conestoga, 
and  down  the  same  to  the  '  JIanor'  line;  and  thence 
down  the  said  line  to  Great  Conestoga,  and  down  the 
same  to  the  place  of  beginning." 

As  described,  it  embraced  the  present  tci  ritory  of 
East  and  West  Hempfield  and  .Manor  townships. 
Along  its  western  boundary  there  were  several  In- 
dian towns,  a  description  of  wdiich  will  be  found 
under  the  head  of  "  .Manor  and  Cohinibia." 

The  "JIanor"  was  surveyed  and  laid  out  by  J. 
Taylor  in  171G,  and  contained  seventeen  thousand 
acres.  None  of  this  land  was  divided  and  sold  to  ac- 
tual settlers  for  lunrc  than  si.Kteen  years  after  it  was 
laid  out  into  a  Miiiimr,  with  the  exception  of  five  hun- 
drcd  acres  surveyed   for  the  Conestoga   Indians,  and 


one  thou.sand  acres  between  that  place  and  the  Con- 
estoga. A  more  e.xteuded  description  will  be  found 
under  the  head  of  "  Manor  township." 

It  was*  impossible  for  Mr.  Taylor,  the  surveyor  of 
Chester  Coiuity,  to  keep  up  with  the  advancing  tide 
of  emigration.  Many  futile  attempts  were  made  by  the 
loan  commissioners  and  Peiin's  agents  to  prevent  set- 
tlers from  locating  or  s<|uattingupou  unsurveyed  land. 
They  complained  that  a  number  of  Germans,  ujion 
their  arrival  in  Philadelphia,  hastened  to  the  back 
parts  of  Chester  County  and  took  up  land  near  their 
countrymen  without  first  procuring  a  warrant  of  sur- 
vey. As  we  advance  farther  in  our  history  we  find 
that  in  many  instances  several  generations  had  passed 
away  before  patents  were  issued  and  confirmation 
deeds  made  for  land  taken  up  by  Germans,  who  neg- 
lected to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance  and  comply  with 
the  conditions  imposed  by  the  loan  commissioners. 

These  were,  however,  only  exceptional  cases.  The 
only  inconvenience  which  arose  from  this  irregularity 
was  the  inability  of  such  settlers  or  their  descendants 
to  convey  a  clear  title  to  their  land  when  they  chose 
to  dispose  of  the  same. 

John  Funk  and  Christian  Herr,  two  of  the  pioneers 
of  the  Swiss  Meunonites,  who  were  ever  active  in  be- 
half of  their  friends  and  countrymen,  were  always 
on  the  alert  to  select  and  locate  their  friends  upon 
desirable  land,  in  communities  of  a  dozen  or  more 
upon  contiguous  tracts.  Tlie  following  throws  some 
light  upon  their  nianiier  of  proceeding: 


eral  i 


time  is  so  fur  spent  that  I  cauilot  get  tlie  Wurrants  ready  beiug  . 
tukiug  horse  for  Duck  Creek,  liowever  tliy  design  nf  heingupou  diir' 
ing  thercahouts  in  so  little  time  as  tliou  mentioned  wlien  liere.  T 
may  lay  ont  for  llie  following  persons  the  several  parcels  of  land  itn- 
mentioned  (viz) 

for  Peter  Leman  &  Henry  ffnnk 5  or    GOo  ac 


"Jul 

n  flunk  J:  CI 

ristian  H 

Counti 

ymen  that  are  !„(.(;,  arr 

h'llleme 

,(«  Lnt  before 

I  could  li 

5U0 


"The  Warr"  fni 

>L.  ,.hove  l,.n 

Is  will  ho  ready  in  the  office,  am 

again  order,..|  Iv   1 

:,■  (   i,liilni--|. 

,ers  that  no  Ketnru  or  Survey  he 

to  any  l....lv  «ii!,  . 

.,  II.,' II  l;  ,  ,,1 

u.Uen  at  the  same  time. 

•■J.  Lot, .11    .,o- 

1,.,         ,,,    :.       ■ 

|.  iMll  ho  very  nncortain.     So  w 

thee  health  lu.l  -1 

'•  1    111, 

u.i.ls  when  there, 

■lUi  thy  Loving  ffriond 

"James  St 

■•  Thou  need  no 

insist  on  th 

se  i.uns  bouJi.  hecause  thej  are 

dawn  llitir  money  wUlioul  dchu,." 

'  By  Samuel  ] 


lis,  Es, 


The  plan  of  the  surveys  of  the  land  for  the-e 
hereto  annexed,  was  made  late  in   the   fall  v 

from    which    it    will    lir    ;,rrH     llial     s.,1110    ^oMllinl 

made  In  \Uc  iiaiiu-,  ;i,  ^rl  lurlh  in  Mr.  Stccf. 
Mclchoir  fa-i.-nian,  Christian  Stonrniali,  aii.l 
Kaulliiiaii,  whu^r  naiii.-  ;ipprar  iipm,  the  lou 
of  the   draft,    evidcotlv    sctlled    along    the    b:i 


EAST    HEMPFIELD   TOWNSHIP. 


867 


Little  Conestoga  at  the  time  the  other  parties  came,  j  1846 
Their  close  relationship  and  family  ties,  as  developed  i   ^  "  ' 
hereafter,  seem  to  indicate  that  they  came  from  the 
same  place  and  at  the  same  time.     Farther  up  Little  ( 
Conestoga  Creek,  and  u])on  the  west  side,  a  few  years 
later   the    following-named    jjcrsons    settled:    Hans' 
Adam    Lepliart,  John   and   Jlichael  Niseley,  .John,  | 
Isaac,  Martin,  and  Jacob  KaulVman,  and  others. 

A  majority  of  those  we  have  named  settled  upon 
land  v.'hich  lies  in  the  township  cut  ofi'  and  now 
known  as  East  Hemplield.  Tlie  township  is  bounded 
on  the  north  by  Big  Chikis  Creek  and  the  line  of 
the  old  Peter's  road  (which  has  been  closed  for  many 
years),  upon  the  east  by  Little  Conestoga  Creek, 
which  forms  the  boundary  line  between  it  and  Man- 
lieim  and  Lancaster  townships,  upon  the  south  by  the 
Lancaster  and  Columbia  turnpike,  as  far  west  as  the 
point  where  the  run  crosses  the  same,  nearly  a  mile 
east  of  Mountville.  This  also  forms  the  division  line 
between  it  and  .^lanor  township.  On  the  west  it  is 
hounded  by  ^Vest  Ilemptield  towiislii|i  and  Big 
Chikis  CrcJk. 

Early  Settlers. — Hance  Brubaker  located  near  the 
west  bank  of  Little  Conestoga,  and  his  land  e.xtended 
on  both  sides  of  the  creek,  and  lay  principally  be- 
tween the  Lancaster  and  Harrisburg  and  Lancaster 
and  Marietta  turnpikes.  He  also  owned  one  hundred 
and  fifty-one  acres  where  the  Lancaster  and  Columbia 
turnpike  crosses  the  same  stream.  Upon  this  tract 
he  erected  a  grist  and  saw-mill,  which  was  contem- 
poraneous with  the  one  erected  by  Dr.  Neff  five  miles 
further  east  upon  Big  Conestoga. 

On  the  27th  day  of  September,  1717,  Hance  Bru- 
baker and  Christian  Hershey  took  out  a  warrant  for 
one  thousand  acres,  which  they  lield  as  tenants  in 
common.  In  the  year  1718  they  agreed  to  divide  the 
above  tract,  the  former  to  take  the  lower  half,  coji- 
taining  five  hundred  acres,  and  the  latter  the  upper 
five  hundrc>^  acres.  On  the  IStli  day  of  May,  1729, 
he  sold  the  mill  and  the  lower  farm  of  one  hundred 
and  fifty  acres  to  Christian  Stoneman  (at  the  time  of 
his  decease,  however,  he  owned  nearly  eight  hundrcil 
acres),  Jacob,  the  son  of  Hance,  having  married 
Susannah,  the  sister  of  Stoneman. 

Hans  Brubaker  died  in  1748,  and  left  a  widow 
(his  second  wife),  Anna.  He  married  his  first  wife 
in  Germany,  where  his  children  by  her  were  born. 
They  were  John,  Jacob,  and  Elizabeth.  John  mar- 
ried the  first  time  Maria  Newcomer,  and  the  second 
JIary  Doner,  of  Lancaster.  His  children  by  his  first 
wife  were  John,  1752,  married  Anna  Eby ;  Ann, 
1753,  married  Hans  IMyers,  of  Ephrata  ;  JIaria,  mar- 
ried Hans  Baer,  who  lived  at  Hanover  Creek  ;  Jacob, 
1758,  settled  on  Hanover  Creek,  removed  to  Keller's 


Mount 


mill,  in  Cocalico 
Henry  Bruckhart, 
turned  to  this  couii 
Christian  Martin  ; 
who  settled   in   W'l 


Ma 


ried 


ived  to  Virginia,  but  re 
l.L-fli,]7G4-lS0:i,  marriei 
170(i-1824  (liomberger) 
wnship;  Barbara,    17G8 


arried  Alexander  Martin,  who 
Joy  townshi|j. 

Jacob,  son  of  Hance,  married  Susannah  Stoneman. 
They  luid  a  .son  Jacob.  Jacob,  first  spoken  of,  re- 
ceived on<4  hundred  and  sixty-one  acres  of  the  lower 
part  of  his  father's  land,  to  which  he  added  five 
other  tracts  of  contiguous  land  by  jiurchase,  amount- 
ing to  four  hundred  and  forty  acres.  For  convenience 
he  exchanged  seventy-four  and  one-fourth  of  an  acre 
for  sixty-two  and  three-fourths  of  an  acre,  with  P.en- 
jamin  Hershey,  the  son  of  Christian  Hershey.  Part 
of  this  land  is  now  owned  and  occupied  by  bis  de- 
scendants. 

Elizabeth  Brubaker  married  Daniel  Eshleman.and 
had    two    children,   Daniel    and    Benjamin.     Daniel 

Eshleman  married  the  second  time  Jlagdalena- , 

by  whom  he  had  several  children.    He  died  in  JIarch, 
1749. 

Hance  Brubaker,  by  his  second  wife,  liad  a  large 
family,  to  wit:  Abraham,  Peter,  Daniel,  who  married 
the  first  time  Feronica  Tauner,  second  time  the  widow 
of  Peter  Eby.  His  children  were  John,  remained  in 
Warwick,  and  purchased  fifty  acres  from  his  uncle 
John  ;  Daniel  removed  to  Heidelburg,  Lebanon  Co. ; 
Ann  married  Michael  Greybill.  He  settled  along 
Hammer  Creek,  and  in  17C5  he  purchased  from  his 
youngest  brother.  Christian,  one  hundred  and  fifty 
acres;  a  number  of  his  descendants  reside  there. 
Henry;  Joseph,  who  married  Elizabeth, the  widow  of 
Jacob  Downer,  deceased  in  1752,  and  the  daughter  of 
John  Woolslagle;  David;  and  Christian,  the  young- 
est son;  who  was  a  minor  in  1760  ;  and  Ann,  who  mar- 
j  ried  Abraham  Buckwalter,  and  left  a  large  family. 
Hance  Brubaker  was  a  man  of  strong  common  sense. 
His  wife,  Anna  ("  Annally"),  survived  him.  He  must 
have  been  very  much  attached  to  Her,  and  when  he 
came  near  the  end  of  his  journey  through  life  he 
gave  particular  directions  to  bis  children  that  they 
were  not  to  drive-his  widow  from  her  home  if  she 
chose  to  marry  again,  and  she  was  free  to  do  so.  This 
was  an  unusual  request,  for  it  was  then  the  custom  to 
deprive  the  widow  of  the  full  enjoyment  of  the 
homestead  if  she  married.  He  also  directed  that  the 
oldest  son  should  receive  no  more  of  his  estate  than 
his  youngest  son.  It  was  then  the  custom  for  the 
oldest  son  to  receive  two  shares.  It  did  honor  to  the 
old  man's  head  and  heart,  in  his  declining  years,  that 
he  was  willing  to  allow  his  widow  to  tbllow  the  path- 
way where  love  led  him  a  second  time,  and  accord 
her  the  same  jirivilege  alter  he  had  ended  his  pil- 
grimage uiion  earth.  This  plain  and  unostentatious 
old  German  was  quick  to  perceive  the  injustice  of  the 
old  law  in  making  a  discrimination  in  favor  of  the 
oldest  son,  and  he  was  wise  in  following  tlie  dictates 
of  hisju.l-menl. 

His  children  carried  ..ut  his  wishes  failhfully.  A-, 
before  stated,  llaiue  Urubaker  and  Cliri-liaii  llcr.-hey 
agreed  to  make  an  .■quilalile  divi>ioii  ol  their  hnid, 
but  before  titles   were   executed    Mr.   Jlersliey  .lied, 


868 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


and  some  years  later  Mr.  Hersliey's  eldest  son  died, 
before  the  actual  division  was  made.  From  Hance 
Brubaker's  sons,  if  the  roll  was  called,  would  number 
many  liundred  descendants  of  the  name. 

Jacob  Brubaker,  the  eldest  brother  of  1 1  mice,  and 
tlieir  friend  and  countrynnm,  Peter  Swarr,  liail  ad- 
vanced and  paid  the  purchase-money  on  onu  tlmu^aiid 
acres  to  Hans,  to  whom  the  commissioners  i.s^ued  a 
warrant  in  his  name.  This  was  an  inadvertent  error. 
The  land  was  occupied  by  the  respective  parties  as 
tenants  in  common.  The  legal  division  of  the  prop- 
was  nnide  by  their  children  after  the  principals  had 
gone  to  tlieir  long  home. 

Those  pioneer  Mennonites,  Jolm  llerr  and  Martin 
ICendig,  in  1730  took  up  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
four  acres  of  land  for  Jacob  Brubaker,  about  one  mile 
due  southwest  from  the  present  village  of  New  Provi- 
dence, near  Big  Beaver  Creek.  He  also  took  up  sev- 
eral hundred  acres  of  land  in  ^lanor  township  in 
1737,  about  two  miles  above  the  mouth  of  Little 
Conestiiga.  He  left  three  sons,  Peter,  Jacob,  and 
John. 

John  Brubaker  was  the  first  constable  of  llemplield 
township.  He  rendered  valuable  aid  to  the  sheritT 
and  the  proprietors  in  quelling  the  disturbances  on 
the  west  side  of  the  river,  caused  by  Cresap  and 
others.  He  was  one  of  the  first  persons  wdio  gave 
information  to  John  Wright  and  Samuel  Blunston, 
Esq.,  of  the  overt  acts  of  Cresap  and  his  cousins, 
tlie  Lowe.'!,  in  killing  the  stock  of  James  Patterson 
and  others.  This  was  in  1732,  shortly  after  wdiich 
he  moved  to  Hammer  Creek. 

Christian  Hershey  came  with  the  lirubakcis.  He 
was  also  a  Mennonite.  He  was  the  head  of  a  long 
line  of  descendants,  who  retain  the  name  and  are 
scattered  over  a  number  of  States.  When  lie  came, 
in  1717,  he  was  well  advanced  in  years  and  his  chil- 
dren were  grown  up.  He  died  in  172'.)  and  left  a 
widow,  "  Oade,"  and  three  children,  Benjamin,  \n- 
drew,  and  Ann,  who  married  Herman  Long. 

Benjamin  was  a  ilennonite  prearhcr.  He  inarrkd 
Magdalona,  a  daughter  of  Ulrich  lil.ndr.  llncMdud 
upon  the  honictead  farm.  Their  eliihlicn  were  Ben- 
jamin, Elizabeth  (Landes),  Mary  (Nelf). 

Andrew  (1702-92),  also  a  Mennonite  |)reaeher,  took 
up  five  hundred  acres  of  land  east  of  Big  t'hikis  Creek 
and  south  of  the  Lancaster  and  Harri^llur^  turnpike, 
in  West  Hempfield  township.  He  married  aii.l  had 
two  snn^,  ChrMiaii,  a  preaelier,  who  lived  in  Manor, 
and  .Vieliew.ule.  inanied  M.i-dalena  iMehiuari.  In 
17li.S,(;hri>tian  llei-I.ey,  of  M:uinr,  l.,,u-lit  two  hun- 
dred acres  of  land  lioi,,  .lame.  ICuii,;:,  llic  -nil  ni 
Thomas  Ewing,  on  the  we-t  ,-i.le  ..f  l.illle  Clnki- 
Creek,  and 'along  the  Marietta  and  Laiu  a-ter  luiii- 
pike. 

Ann  Her-liey,  wle.  iiianie.l  Heriuan  Long,  was  the 
mother  of  eleven  eliildieii,  ,luhn,  ( 'liri-tiaii,  llenieui, 
Ahral.ain,  Jo-,e|,h,  Jaenb,  Benjamin,  Martin,  .Vnii 
(Ilollinan),   Klizaheth    (Lande-),  and    Samuel.      Ileii- 


j  jamin  was  a  large  landholder.     Tlie  latter  purchased 

I  fifteen  or  twenty  acres   from   James  Anderson   and 

divided  it  into  building  lots  along  the  northeastern 

boun.Liry  of  Jlarietta.     UpdU  the  plan  of  the  town  it 

is  marked  "  Long's  Addition." 

Christia'n  Stcnienian  wa>  miu  ot  the  Mennonite  pio- 
neers who  came  to  Aineriea  with  the  Brubakers.     In 
1729,  Hans  Brubaker  sold  his  mill  and  lower  farm, 
upon  which  it  was  erected,  containing  one  hundred 
!  and    fifty  acres,   to   Mr.  Stoneman.     This    mill   was 
j  erected   along   Little   Conestoga   Creek,   at   a   point 
where  a  road  leading  from  the  Susquehanna  River  to 
Conestoga  crossed.     For  the  convenience  of  travelers 
and  customers  who  carried  their  grist  to  his  mill,  Jlr. 
[  Stoneman  erected  a  bridge  over  the  creek  at  his  mill, 
which  was  completed  in  1730.     He  continued  to  carry 
on  milling  at  this  place  for  more  than  twenty  years. 
He  was  an  exemplary  member  of  the  Society  of  Men- 
t  nonites.     On  the  31st  day  of  August,  1750,  he  con- 
veyed one  acre  of  land  upon  liis  farm  to  John  Jacob 
Brubaker  and  IHrich  Roadt,  elders  and  truotees  for 
the    Society   of   Mennonites,    upon   which    they   had 
,  already   built  a  meeting-house,  and   for  a  burying- 
ground.     It  adjoined  the  lands  of  Melchior  and  John 
i  Miers,  and  stood  near  the  Columbus  turnpike,  upon 
I  tlie  Abbeville  farm,  in  Lancaster  township. 
1       There  is  nothing  to  mark  the  spot  where  this  meet- 
I  ing-house  stood  except  a  few  neglected  graves  upon 
Mr.  Hager's  farm,  near  his  barn,  in  Lancaster  town- 
.sliip.     In  the  year  1791  the  building  was  removed 
I  to   the  land  of  one  of  the   Brubakers  about  a  mile 
:  northeast   of   U<direrstown,   and   in  East  Hempfield 
town-hip.    The  present  meeting-house  succeeded  the 
toniier   one.      Mr.   Stoneman  also    purchased    sixty- 
nine  acres  in  "Andrew  Hamilton  Manor,"  which  ad- 
j  j(dned  his  other  land  upon   the  southwest.     He  left 
six   children,   namely:   Eli/abcth,   Susannah,  Maria, 
John,  Christian,  and  Jacob.    Elizabeth  married  John 
Newcomer,  of  Hem|ifield;  Susannah  married  Jacob 
Brubaker;  Maria  married  Christian  Hershey. 

(in  the  >Jth  dav  of  .lannaiy,  17.">o,  the  three  daugh- 
ter, above  ii.iiiied  .-old  ll,egri-t-aiid-aw-niill  and  the 

in  17ijtl.  His  administrator  conveyed  the  property 
lu  his  .son  .lolm,  who  erected  a  new  grist-mill  in  17G7 
of  stone,  and  a  large  double  stone  dwelling-hon-e. 
Some  additions  were  made  lo  the  mill  in  17o5  by 
Jacob  Kauirman.  'flu-  .lolm  Stoner's  wife's  name 
was  Barbara.  Benjamin  Bear,  of  Hempfield,  and 
Henry  Mii--er,  of  Laiie.i-ter  borough,  executors  of 
the  e-tate  of  the  latter,  on  .luly  10,  1790,  conveyed  to 
Chri-tian   Stoner,   -miller,"  of  Manor   town-hip,  the 


ieh 


M; 


.bably 


EAST    ITEMPFIKLD    TOWNSHIP. 


belonged  to  the  same  family.  The  former  setUed  in  , 
Conestoga  to«'nshi[)  about  the  same  time  that  Chris-  ' 
tian  settled  on  the  Little  Conestoga  Creek.  Tliis 
name  has  entirely  disappeared  from  the  annual 
assessment-roll,  although  there  are  many  desceuilants 
scattered  throughout  the  county  who  are  now  known 
asStayman,  Stehnian,  Steyinan,  etc. 

Peter  Swarr  was  also  a  Swiss  Mennonite,  and  came 
to  America  in  1717  with  the  Bi-ubakers.     II is  profjor-  | 
tion  of  the  one  thousand  acres  of  land  taken  up  by  t 
Hans  Brubaker  lay  at  the  extreme  upper  end,  along  \ 
Swarr's  Kun,  and  was  known  as  Kaufl'nian's   Run  a 
number  of  years  ago,  and  thus  named  on  Scott's  map 
published  more  than  sixty  years  ago.     This  land  lay 
along  the  King's  Highway,  which  led  from  the  Pax- 
tang  Indian  town  (now  Harrisbnrg)  to  the  Conestoga 
(now  Lancaster  City).     He  erected  a  grist-  and  saw- 
mill  npon   Swarr's    Hun;  his   son    John    erected    a 
brick-mill  upon  the  same  ground  in  the  year  1778.  ^ 
He   employed    the   Hessian    prisoners   at   Lancaster  ' 
borough    to  do   tlie  work.     Skilled    labor   was   very 
scarce  at  this  time,  and  he  employed  these  prisoners 
in  the  absence  of  other  help.     In  the  latter  [lart  of 
December.  17U3,  wdien  the  "  Paxton  Buy-"  ilrstroyrd 
the  Conestoga    Indian    town,  a  numlier  i>(   th.'   Vi- 
dians were  absent,  several  of  whom  un  that  laial  Dr- 
ceinber  morning  were   at    I'etn-  S\vair">.      I'luy   luid 
been  for  a  few  d^ays  in  that  iiriu'lilM,ili,,ua  Milin-  and 
bartering  brooms  and  ba-kil-  willi  the  finiK  r-. 

It  seemed  to  Ikivc  Ihmmi  ,i  |.M,vi.l.'inial  ciicniu-lanfe 
that  they  were  al.-rnt  IV,. m  th.^ir  vilhi-e  "ii  that  .-vnit- 
ful  night,  but  their  span  „(  lile  was  only  Im^lliencd 
a  few  weeks. 

They  and  several  other  scattering  nieiiihers  of  tliis 
tribe  were  taken  to  the  work-lioiise  in  L.inr.ist,  r 
borough  for  ])rotection,  which  only  proved  to  he  a 
trap  and  enabled  their  eneniies  more  easily  to  an-om- 
plish  their  deadly  work. 

In  1718  wamjants  of  >urvey  were  issued  to  Mieliael 
Kautfman  f(n-  live  hundred  and  Ihirtv  aere-  ot  land  at 
Chikis  Creek.  The  laud  was  divide.l  and  patent- 
sued  to  John  Kanllinan  for  two  tiael-  of  l.iinl  conlain 
ing  several  hundred  acres,  ilenry  Mn-elinan  and 
fieorge  Sl,enal,ei-er  owiu'd  the'  adjoinin-  land. 
About  a  mile  nonhea-t  of  .lolm  Kaullman'.-  liaei 
Michael  Kaulfman  had  a  lann  of  one  hundred  and 
thirty-eight  acre-,  and  Martin  Kanll'nian  a.l|oine.|  uu 
the  south  with  two  hundred  and  loiiv  twoaei,-,  and 
Isaac  and  .laeoh  Kanllinan  owned  the  land  on  llie  ra-t 
side  of  Martin  ICaulIiuan.  .lohnand  Miehael  Ni-eley 
owned  farms  on  the  south  side  of  Martin's  land. 

These  larins  embraced  the  land  along  Kanlliiiairs 
Run   and   th,'  valh-y  s.nitheast  of  LandisvlUe.     They 

1718  and  17-20.    Some  of  their  descendants  reside  upon 
and  own  some  of  the  lands.      A   number   have  movc.l 


Jlichael  Baughman  was  one  of  the  most  enterpris- 
ing of  the  German  land  speeulators  in  the  county. 
His  name  first  appears  upon  the  records  of  the  loan- 
olliee  ab..ut   the  year  1730.      On  the  4th  day  of  June, 

.■\Iiddle  Creek,  and  in  17:iS  four  hundred  and  forty- 
nine  acres  more  along  the  same  creek  at  a  Dutch 
settlement.  And  in  the  same  year  he  took  up  thirty- 
one  acres  at  liis  great  spring  in  Manheim  township. 
He  took  up  a  number  of  other  tracts  of  land  in  Leb- 
anon townshi])  and  also  in  Conestoga  JIanor. 

The  following  letter  throws  some  light  upon  the 
manner  in  wliich   sonnj  of  the  land  was  disposed  of 


lnl7.'^8,l?a 
dong  Chikis  I 
Hon.  Benjam 


uivcy  to  Miclmel  liauglimaii  tlie  quuatilv  uf  inil 
.  in  the  Cuurity  ol  Liuicaster,  on  tlie  terms  imii- 

"  De.vj*  E*STm-RN." 

hman  al-o  took  U])  four  hundred  acres 
el.:,  wlierc  Ko.idv  Boehme  lived.  The 
(•hampney-  mai"ried  a  .Miss  Bachman, 
•  the   himilv.      There   are   tew   of  the 


Jacob  Xelf,  Sr. 
descendant  of  V 
Xell'.  He  died  ii 
and  eleven  child,- 


miel  Xetf  and  a 
ler  of  Dr.  Hans 
vidow,  ]-.li/,al,etli, 


I-  .Mi 


ri.d.  first,  to  Abraham  .Meyer;  Anna  iSwarrl,  Lliz- 
al.elh  (Miller),  Susanmi  (Ruth),  Magdalena  (Sehner), 
Catharine  (Cassel),  Polly,  and  Henry. 

.lohn  Huber,  E-.i.,  died  in  1803,  and  left  his  wife, 
Ann,  and  Chrisiian,  .Mary  i.-^te.nan),  Elizabeth  (Bach- 
maip,  and  -\nna  iStemaii.i  John  Huber  built  a 
.-ri-t-niill  on  l.itlle  Coiie-to^^a  prior  to  th'e  Revolu- 
thmai\  war,  uliicli  w^,~  hiiriied  down  in  17',l7.  Chris- 
iian icliuilt  it  in  17'.i>;.  the  mill  is  now  owned  by 
Mary  and  I'larhaia  llamaker.  The  stone  maiision- 
hoii-e  i-  one  ol  the  largest  and  most  substantial  build- 
inii-   in   the  couiily.      The   Hubers  biiiU  it   in  1709. 

with    the    mill,   which    lay    in    East    Hempfield    and 

Hans  Peter  Snmmy.  Sr.,  a  Palatinate  Mennonite 
exile,  arrived  at  riiil.idelphia  in  17:::;,  on  the  brigan- 
tine  '•  Kichard  and  Id  i/,al.cll,,"  commanded  hy  Capt. 
Clni-lopher  Clyimi,  will,  tamilv,  c.m-i-ting  of  wife 
and  M. 11-,  Hans  .laeoh.  Hall-  Peter,  .Ii.,  Otto  Frit/., 
Hans  Mi,hael,  ami  .lohaiinc-.  'flic  two  latter  were 
minor-.  Two  of  the  -on-  -cllle<l  in  tin- C.ilawl.a  Val- 
lev,  .North  Carolina,  where  de-ceiidant- -till  live.    The 


dant of  ih 


The  de-eeiidaiit-  of  the 
We-tmoreland  Coiiiitie-, 
Connlv,  III.     llans.faeob 


870 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


married  Mrs.  Barbara  Bear  (nee  iliestaiid),  and  owned 
a  large  plantation  in  Earl  township,  Lancaster  Co., 
.where  they  lived,  maintained  his  parents,  and  died. 
To  them  were  born  John,  Henry,  Jacob,  Susanna, 
Peter,  and  Margaret.  Henry,  the  second  son,  died  in 
1783  witliout  issue.  Jac<jb,  the  third  son,  married  I 
Margaret  Merkley.  To  them  were  born  three  daugh-  j 
terd  and   one   son.     The    latter   died    in    his   youth.  | 

Peter,  fourth  son,  married  JLiry .     To  them  were 

born  Jolin,  Barbara,  and   Peter,  mutes;  and   Jacob, 
Samuel,  Daniel,  Christian,  and  Henry.     Jacob  died, 
aged  eighty-four  years,  in   York   County,   Pa.     His 
descendants  are  living  in  Indiana.     Samuel  died  in 
Maryland  witliout   male  issue,   Daniel    in  Wyoming 
Valley,    Christian   in   Virginia,    aged    ninety-seven 
years,   and   Henry  in    Lancaster  County.      The  two 
latter  have  descendants    in    Philadel|)hia,  Virginia, 
and  Iowa.     John,  the  iirst-born  of  Hans  Jacob  and 
Barbara,  married  Mary  Schejck,  of  Earl  township,  in 
1705.     To  them  were  born  Peter,  Elizabeth,  and  John.  | 
By  a  subsequent  marriage  to  Anna  Newcomer  were  I 
born  Christian,  Jacob,   David,  Margaret,  Anna,  and  j 
Henry.     Descendants  are  in  York  State,  where  Jacob  | 
and  David  emigrated  in  1824,  in  Washijigton,  D.  C, 
in  Illinois,  and  throughout  this  State. 

Peter  Sammy,  the  tirst-born  of  Jolm  and  ]\Iary,  i 
was  born  in  Earl  township,  Oct.  Ki,  17(JS,  and  was 
married  to  Barbara  Long,  of  Rapho.  They  lived 
and  died  in  East  Hempfield  township,  Lancaster  Co., 
Pa.  To  them  were  born  RLiria,  marrieil  to  David 
Eshleman;  Elizabeth,  married  to  Rudolph  Ivaull- 
nian  ;  Harbara,  married  to  Jacob  Bruckhart;  and 
•lohii,  .lohn  was  born  Jan.  15,  179(1,  and  married 
Siisajina  llostetter,  born  Jan.  15,  1797,  on  Jlay  4, 
ls|.').  To  them  were  born  Jacob,  John,  Peter, 
Maria,  Abraham,  Aaron,  and  David  Christian. 

Ihrnian  Long  settled  on  the  land  surveyed  for 
Michael  Kaullman  in  1727.  In  1737  he  obtained  a 
warrant  for  one  hundred  acres  adjoining  to  the  moiety 
of  the  live  hnndreil  acres  surveyed  to  Kautt'man's  chil- 
dren. When  he  died  he  was  jiossessed  of  several 
hundred  acres  of  land  wdiich  he  divided  between  his 
five  sons,— Herman,  John,  Christian,  Abraham,  and 
Joseph,  each  of  whom  received  eighty-one  acres  of 
land. 

•lohn  Light  (Lichty)  was  one  of  the  early  settlers. 
He  died  in  1808,  and  left  a  wife,  Barbara,  and  chil- 
dren, —  Henry,  John,   Jacob,    Ann  (Eby),    Barbara 
(llernly),  Elizabeth,  Susanna,  and  Magdalena. 
Hempfield  Assessment-List  for  1758.-  'I'he  fol- 

were  in  the  townshi))  in  1758; 

I'liilip  Allien,  liciijiiuiiM  ntiir. 

T.irtri  Aln.aii.'  I'elir  IIavihuii, 


Vite  Miller. 
Peter  fllusselman. 
Henry  Musselnmn 


J. 

n,e.  May  (we 

n 

■lu-y  Miller. 

Si 

men  Miiiich. 

J. 

nils  Null. 

51 

cli.lel  Nisely 

\\ 

idow  Nisely. 

Peter  Peters  (stioemn 
Dniiiel  Peuples. 
Gooigo  Ross. 
John  lieilT. 
George  R..ss. 
,Ianu-fl  Iteiley. 
Pliililj  Uiiilysill. 
Jaculi  Reiger. 

Micliiicl  Suhn. 
Michael  Segiist. 
Henry  Smith. 
Henry  Sknlt. 

Widow   Slcpi,'!"!. 

Jacob  Shellaberger. 
Christian  Swurr. 

Philip  Snyder. 
■  Andrew  Struns. 

Jacob  Shullaberger. 


Ulricl.  Shirk  (weaver) 
Jacob  Strlckler. 
Robert  Spear. 
•Alexander  Scott. 
Josiah  Scott. 
Wiclow  Shellaberger. 


EAST    HEMPFIELD   TOWNSHIP. 


871 


Nicliohis  Wolf. 
Geu.ge  Wcuvor. 
Philil)  Ycniiwiue. 


lUmy  Stuniii. 
JuBi-i.h  Piini. 
Puter  Pelelo. 
Adiiln  \Veiit. 
Datiitfl  filurganstun. 
Christian  Waltz. 
Freiierick  Hoffiiiaii. 


Jul 


;,Uecl,n 


Tlr 


id  West  towiishi 


thou  owned 

jreC'liristian 

V  in  ill  and. a 

It  is  one  of 


list  includes  both  the  E; 
wliicli  then  constituted  but  one. 

Taverns.— In  17(;i;,  John  Sioner,  wh( 
the  mill  property  at  Little  Conestoga,  \vl 
Stoiieraan  settled  in  1729,  erected  a  ne 
large  two-story  stone  tavern  close  by  it. 
the  inost  substantially  built  and  largest  of  the  old 
taverns  in  the  county,  and  there  were  many  very  fine 
ones  at  that  period.  The  tavern  was  built  on  the 
.south  side  of  the  road  which  ran  from  Lancaster  to 
Wriglit's  Ferry.  This  tavern  was  more  generally 
known  fifty  years  ago  as  "  Livergood's  Tavern,"  whicli 
was  owned  by  Henry  Livergood. 

It  has  been  converted  into  a  ]irivate  residence,  and 
there  are  few  dwellings  in  the  county  outside  of  the 
city  and  boroughs  which  are  finer. 

The  "Black  Hor.se"  tavern  was  built  by  Benjamin 
Bear,  on  the  great  road  leading  from  Anderson's 
Ferry  to  Lancaster,  in  colonial  times.  It  was  situated 
about  three  miles  and  a  half  west  from  Lancaster. 
It  was  a  noted  hostelry  in  its  time,  and  was  always  a 
ilesirable  place  for  teams  to  rest  on  account  of  the 
abundance  of  fresh  running  water.  It  was  sold  to 
,Iohn  Newcomer,  who  in  17S2  sold  it  to  John  Brun- 
iier.  After  Henipfield  grew  to  be  a  town  this  old 
tavern  went  down,  and  has  been  converted  into  a  pri- 
vate residence. 

Hornberger's  tavern  was  built  by  Stephen  Horn- 
herger  in  1770,  on  the  north  side  of  the  "  great  road" 
which  led  from  Wright's  Ferry  to  Lancaster,  at  the 
intersection  of  a  road  which  ran  north  and  inter- 
sected with  the  Anderson'.s'  Ferry  and  Lancaster 
road.  It  was  a  two-story  log  house,  and  the  oldest 
tavern  on  this  road  between  Lancaster  and  Columbia. 
Twenty  years  ago  jMr.  Hess  built  a  large  brick  hotel 
about  one  hundred  yards  farther  east,  when  the  old 
one  was  disconlinut'd  as  a  tavern,  and  several  years 
ag.)  it  was  lorn  down,  and  a  large  two-story  brick 
dwelling-house  was  built  in  its  jilace.  Hornberger's 
tavern  was  a  noted  jilace  during  .the  Itevolution,  it 
being  the  only  one  on  that  mad,  along  which  there 
was  a  great  deal  of  travel  to  AVright's  Ferry. 


The  "  White  Horse"  tavern  was  located  on  the  Lan- 
caster and  Marietta  turnpike,  and  was  built  after 
the  turnpike  was  made.  Amos  Jlouse  kept  it  si.\ty 
years  ago.     It  is  about  one  mile  and  a  half  west  of 


;he   "Black  Horse"   tavern.      Th. 
)wned  by  J.  B..Shenk,  but  it  is  n 


property  is  now 
longer  used  as  a" 


Mills.  —  Kneisley's  mills  were  built  by  George 
Kneisley,  at  the  head  of  Kaulliuan's  Run,  about  half 
a  mile  north  of  the  Pa.xton  and  Lancaster  road,  prior 
to  the  Revolution.  They  consisted  of  a  grist-,  hemp-, 
and  saw-mill.  The  property  is  now  owned  by  C.  N. 
Nolt.  The  water  which  drives  this  mill  comes  from 
a  spring  a  few  hundred  yards  above,  and  is  one  of 
the  finest  in  tlie  county,  but  steam-power  has  been 
added. 

Neil's  mill  was  built  by  Jacob  Nell  in  the  year 
1778  on  Swarr's  Run,  on  the  north  side  of  the  Paxton 
and  Conestoga  road,  about  three  miles  west  from  Lan- 
caster. Recently  it  has  been  known  as  Bassler's  mill. 
It  is  a  three-story  brick  building.  The  work  upon  it 
was  done  by  Ile.ssian  prisoners,  who  were  taken  out 
from  the  barracks  at  Lancaster. 

Peter  Swarr  built  a  grist-  and  corn-mill  on  Swarr's 
Run  prior  to  1750.  It  was  rebuilt  by  John  Swarr, 
son  of  the  above,  during  the  Revolution.  It  is  but  a 
short  distance  from  Nell's  mill,  which  was  ui)on 
Swarr,  the  pioneer's  land. 

Kauffman's  grist-  and  saw-mill  were  built  by  Chris- 
tian Kaiitlman,  Sr.,  at  the  close  of  the  Revolutionary 
war,  on  a  small  stream  known  as  Kauffman's  Run, 
which  empties  into  Swarr's  Run.  It  is  a  two-story 
frame  mill,  and  is  located  about  half  a  mile  southeast 
from  Landisville.  It  is  now  known  as  Ni.ssley's 
niill.      Thirty    years  .ago    the   Kauffmans    moved    to 

Zinc-Mines. — These  were  first  workcdas  lead-mines 
by  the  Schenck  Mining  Company,  but  about  1870 
they  were  purchased  by  Bamford  Brothers,  of  Liver- 
pool, England,  who  erected  e.'ctensive  machinery,  and 
worked  the  mines  during  some  five  years.  Their 
operations  were  not  financially  successful,  by  reason 
of  their  neglect  to  mine  at  a  sufficient  depth.  In  the 
spring  of  1883  the  works  were  leased  by  the  Lehigh 
Zinc  and  Iron  Company,  and  since  that  time  experi- 
ments have  been  going  on  to  test  the  question  whether 
or  not  the  mines  can  be  worked  with  profit.  It  is 
believed  that  these  experiments  will  demonstrate  the 
practicabilitv  and  profitableness  of  mining 

The  place  has  ben  iiaiue.l  Bamfordville, 


roprietors 

tw. 


])ro| 


the 


nc  here. 

roni  the 
:ie  company  has  leased 
which  gives  promise  of 


,  roperty  two  miles  lio 

Fire-Sand." In  lS7il,  Jacob  S.  Trout  discoverer 
bed  of  fire-.saiKl  on  CheMnut  Hill,  in  East  llempfii 
township,  five  miles  west  from  Lancaster.  E.\pe 
nients  with  this  sand  demonstrate  its  great  value 
the  construclioM  of  luriiaces  and  the  manufacture 
steel  and  iron,  and  now  .Mr.  Trout  furnishes  fifte 


872 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER    COUNTY. 


jiiilt  a  hirgc 
■s  west  from 


liiiiulred   tons   annually   to   (liirL-n.:nt 
manufacturers. 

Landisville.-Iu  ISOS,  Jacob  Miuni 
two-story  hotel  oil  the  north  side  ot 
and  ]\Iouut  ,Ioy  turnpik-u,  about  si.K  i 
Lancaster.  In  tho  followiiiir  year  his  brother-in-law, 
Jacob  Chark-s,  iinnh:iM.l  a  pierf  of  gn.uii.l  Iroui  him, 
upon  which  he  crcctcl  a  ,lwcllin--hou,-,c  and  a  black- 
smitli-shop.  In  the  same  year  Mr.  Minnich  also  built 
a  larjje  distillery.  Prior  to  the  year  1825  two  or  three 
more  dwellings  were  added  to  the  two  first  mentioned. 
In  tliat  year  John  LaTulis,  who  owned  the  farm  half 
a  milesouthwest  from  Miunich's  tavern,  purchased  the 
dwelling-house  built  by  Jacob  Charles,  and  estab- 
lished a  store  in  it.  In  a  year  or  two  a  few  more 
dwellings  were  added,  when  the  place  began  to  as- 
sume the  dignity  of  a  village.  Sir.  Landis  applied 
for,  and  the  Post-Office  De|iartmeut  agreed  to  estab- 
lish a  post-oliice  in  the  place,  and  he  was  accordingly 
appointed  the  postmaster.  It  then  became  a  (picstion 
as  to  the  name  of  the  po-it-ofli(.e.  Mr.  Landi.^  and 
the  villagers  went  to  Mr.  Minnich  and  in>i-icd  upon 
naming  the  place  "  .Miunichville;'  but  tliat  i;cntleaiau 
positively  declined  the  honor  of  giving  tlie  place  his 
name,  and  he  in  turn  urged  Mr.  Landis  to  name  the 
])Ost-oHice  "  Landisville,"  which  was  done.  The 
jiaternity  uf  the  village,  therefore,  l^  a  dividc.l  one. 
To  Mr.  Minnich  the  credit  i,  due  lor  starling  and 
naming  it,  while  Mr. 'Landis  carried  oil  the  honors 
when  his  name  was  given  to  the  jdace. 

!Mr.  JMiunich  died  suddenly  only  a  few  years  ago. 
He  liad  live  cliildren,  vii?.,  John,  Jacoi),  Simon, 
George,  and  Plenry.  The  latter  is  tlie  only  one  living, 
who  now  resides  in  the  borough  of  Columbia. 

Between  the  original  town  and  the  dejiots  of  the 
Pennsylvania  and  the  Philadelphia  an. 1  Reading  Rail- 
roads, tasteful  residence.^  have  been  ercclcd  within 
the  last  decade.  These  are  mostly  residences  of  re- 
tired farmers,  who  thus  avail  themselves  of  this 
pleasant  to\\ln  for  a  residence,  and  of  the  excellent 
facilities  which  are  alloided  by  two  railroads  for 
travel.  Till-  part  of  the  louii  wa-,  a  portion  .d'  the 
estate  of  Cliri-tian    11  ic-land,  and   after  his   death   it 


pur 


disville    is    five 
neral  store,  one 


hundred.  It  ha-  Iwo  hoiel.,,  on 
shoe-store,  one  ( on  I'eelionery-slore,  one  shoe-shop, 
one  tailor-fhoj),  one  wagon  ^llOp,  one  agrieulliiral 
wareliouse,  one  coal-  and  lumber-yard,  one  tobacco 
warehouse,  two  blacksmith-shops,  one  tlu-shop,  one 
carpet-weaver,  and  one  cigar  manufactory. 

Village  Vigil.— In  April,  KSS.'i,  D.  15.  Landis  es- 
tablished a  jidj  printing-ofiice  in  Landisville,  and  in 
May  of  the  same  year  he  commenced  the  publication 
of  a  tri-monthly  [laper  with  the  above  title,  devoted 
to  home  news,  general  intelligence,  temperance,  etc. 
The  sheet  is  entirely  non-political.  It  has  reached  a 
circulation  nn\\r  hundred. 

Minnich's    Machine-Shop. — In    ISsi!    Simon    I!. 


Minnich  commenced  the  erection  of  a  large  brick- 
building  for  the  manufacture  of  hay  elevators,  to- 
bacco presses,  and  manure  hooks, — implements  of  his 
own  ijivention, — as  well  as  other  agricultural  ma- 
chinery.     This    manufactory   will    be   driven    by   an 

not  yet  completed. 

Religious.— A  chnreh  of  the  Old  Mennonites  w.as 
erected  in  Landisville  in  18:i3,  and  it  was  remodeled 
internally  a  i'ew  years  since.  It  is  a  brick  structure, 
with  a  seating  capacity  of  five  hundred. 

The  New  Mennonites  erected  a  house  of  worsliip 
'  here  about  fifteen  years  since.  It  is  of  brick,  and  has 
two  hundred  and  fifty  sittings. 

About  1840  the  Church  of  God  was  organized  at 
Landisville,  and  services  were  for  a  time  held  iu 
private  houses.  Among  the  early  members  of  the  so- 
ciety were  John  Landis,  Jacob  R.  Minnich,  Jacob  II. 
Ilershey,  George  Dingier,  Henry  Eshleman,  Jacob 
Smaling,  and  Samuel  Druel  Duchenbroad.  In  1843 
a  hou-e  of  woi>l.ip  was  erected,  and  it  is  still  in  use, 
though  it  lia>  been  remodeled  internally.  It  is  a 
frame  bnildim:,  wilh  a  seating  capacity  of  two  hun- 
dred and  lilly. 

Landisville    Camp-Meeting  Association.— This 

was   formed   about    ls7o,  and    about    twenty   acres  .d" 
1  land  lying  close  to  the  town  w.is  purcha-ed  from  Dr. 
I  Andrew  Kaulfman.      Ibis  wa..  incl.ised  and  tastefully 
!  fitted  up,  and  convenient  buildings,  cottages,  etc.,  have 
[  been  erected  on  it.    Here  peO)de  come  annually  to  pass 
a  jiortion  of  the  hot  season,  and  here  annual  camp- 
meetings  arc  held,  at  which,  by  the  payment  of  an 
I  admission  fee,  people  can  enjoy  religious  privileges. 
Henipfiehl  village  was  laid  out  by  Christian  Rohrer, 
of  Lancaster  borough,  on  the  Dth  of  March,  1S12,  on 
the  Lancaster  and  Waterford  (or  Anderson's  Ferry) 
turnpike,  about  three  miles  from  the  former  place.    It 
consisted  of  eighty-nine  building  lots,  which  he  dis- 
[  posed  of  by  lottery.     The  turnpike  formed  the  princi- 
!  |ial  street,  and  was  named  Front  Street.     Another  one 
'  on  the  south  side,  and  running  parallel  to  Front,  was 
named  \\'ood    Sueet.      In   the  centre  id'  the    town,  a 

Front  Street  was  named  Fli/.abeth.  lletween  the 
main  streets  alley.,  were  laid  out.  The  [dan  uf  the 
town  was  irregular  in  -bape,  and  resembles  in  form 
the  si.le  of  a  sl,a-h-b.,d v.  file  plan  cohered  the  en- 
tire plololl.indowiKd  l.y  -Mr.  Uolirer.and  around  its 

I  borders  he  laid  oiil  .i  lane  which  completed  the  circuit 
of  the  town.  Thevill.igers  and  neighbcn's  soon  aban- 
dtmed  the  bapli.-mal  name  and  calleil  it  Uohrerstown, 

I  which  most  people  persist  in  using.  It  is  beautifully 
loiai(  il,  and  as  healLhy  and  desirable  a  place  to  live  on 

'  as  can  bejouiid  in  the  county.     After  tlie  construe- 

i  bright  future  seemed  to  be  in  store  for  it.  The  travel 
j  along  the  turnpike  was  very  great. 

List  of  lot-owners  in  the  town  <\['  Ilemplield  loi 


EAST    HEMPFIELD   TUWiNSHIP. 


Su.n.R.l  a.wer. 

Christiui,  Hiestu.id. 

Jll.lm.-l  liurKiT. 

lk.„j,imin  K,i.,frmun. 

Fr,..kTick  liniuw. 
Jul,,,  Hl.-l^. 

J;icol,  Kli„e. 
WMovv   Ki,k-ss. 

J,.l,i,  lli„UkBr 

J.,iuk  Kl„t-. 

1 

Oirlsl,,,,,  liicner. 

Ck,i-liu„  KaalVnian. 

taviil  IhuliHkir. 

J>rl„,  l,l„u>.-,. 

Fii-.kikk  U„ll„,«n. 

J.i,i..'S  M,l,:,lk.y. 

Cl„ist,  llall   h,„u.,. 

Jul,,,  T.  JIiuk„L-k 
J.,l,n  M..iliu,i,„.kc-..i.e 

1 

)l.-i,i>    l',.-.-L-l. 

.k,h„  M„-.s.li„.,i, 

J,.l„,  Co„™d. 

Ik-Mrg,.  Mu,r.,y, 

Jul,,,  llai-Mer. 
J.u„.»  1)1. ffv- 

DaviJ  Mycr, 
■k.l,,,  M.II.M. 

Ju„i.!,  Kvaiis. 
Kl.,3ej  FUlitr. 
Philil,  Ferivo, 


I»,,aL-llc-i„>-y,  millu 


number  of  otliers  liiive  also  been  built  .iiirl  are  now 
going  up. 

It  i»  not  known  who  w;is  tlic-  first  postmaster  in  the 
place.  Tke  secoiul  was  .John  l'r:mk,  who  was  suc- 
eecdeiJ  by  John  .^e:i-ii-t,  wlio  was  appointcl  uiuk-r 
President  Pierce's  administration,  lie  still  retains 
I  the  position.  Ringwalt  &  Davis  do  a  largo  mercantile 
I  business,  and  deal  in  dry-goods,  groceries,  and  a  gen- 
eral assortment  of  meruliandise  usually  sold  in  coun- 
try stores.  There  is  also  another  store  in  the  jilace, 
kept  by  John  Stucker,  who   divides  the  honors  with 

ii.-,irv  XHt,  m,nor.  '  Churches.  — .\  Irame  muetmLr-house  was  erected  in 

I'luiM' N"ii,"il.  ,188:^   in    the  scjuthwrsteni    part  of  the   village.     Lu- 

Joh,,  Xifi.  ,  [i,j.r;mg    m)[i    nieuibers    of    the    German    Reformed 

ou"r  i  Ki'me"''"  !  Cliurcli  Worshiped  in  it  ou  alternate  Sabbaths.     Rev. 

,i;,mi-3  iMiiiiiis.  [  J.  J.  Strine,  a  Lutheran  minister  who  resided  in  Lan- 

Wiiii.ui,  iifL-j.  j  c;ister,  was  tlieir  lirst  pastor,  and  he  gave  them  a  por- 

I!mi'.,'Ii  l:.'uj"a,iiiei,iei  i  *''""  "''  ''''  t'""i-     The  corner-stone  was  laid  Aug.  14, 

M.'i.'r',  u.'iU'it'.'   "  '  '  1831. 

J"i'"  '!"»»■  In  the  year  1S70  the  chnnh  was  -truck  by  light- 

Uoi,ie,,  liurk  A  Kpiey.  The  [irescnt  pastor  of  the  Lutherans  is  liev.  Mark- 

|:';'|';;';;  |'';'j''"  ley,  ami  of  the  Reformed  (Jhur,  h,  Rev.  Moore.     ISoth 

I'hihiiSnyj,-,  Ji.  Congregations  are  German. 

J.,cui,  ii,.,-tun,i_                            ii.„,ysmiii,.'     '  ,      The  followers  of  Rev.  John  Winebreiincr  worshi p 

ciiii»iji,i,  iiLrtikT.                          Siutt  .t  .\.  il.ir,  .ii.  i  in  a  frame  nieeting-liouse  called  "  Bethel"  < 'liuieh. 

H.„ry  ll„iri,a-le.  I'liil,],  S„y,kM,  S, .  m,  .  ,        ,     .1  -,,  •      1       ■, 

Vak„,i,„.iiu.i,„.„                          M„h.is.i,,,k  The  tract  up(,n  whndi  the  village  is  built  wa,  pan 

lk,yiA.v   Kuy.  of  one    hundred    and    hfty  acre-  which  .l.-i.-ob    Kaulf- 

m.iii  and  his  wife,  llarh.ira,  -old  lo  John  Rolirer.' 

These  were  the  original  lot-holders.     By  referring  Salunga.  is  a  thriving  village  located  on  the  Laii- 

to  the  various   tax-lists  in   Marietta,  Columbia,  and  caster   and    Mount  Joy    turnpike,   eight    miles  west 

Lancaster  it  will  be  found   that  a  number  in  those  from   the   former  place.     .Uiout  the  year  1847,  Ool. 

places  purchased  lots.  Ilo-tettcr,  who(,wnrd  the  land,  laid  it  out  into  build- 

The  only  hotel   in   the  place  was  in    existence  be-  ing  lots,     (:hl■i^tian  .-^tom-r  al-o  udilcd  <i   h'W  lots  to 

fore  the  comjiletion  of  the  turnpike,  and  was  known  the  lirst  plan.      The  lot-  were  all   di-po-ed  of  readily, 
as   the    "Plow    Tavern."      The    brick    hotel    at   the  ;  and  a  number  of  cmiforlable  ilwellings  erecteil.     Its 

we.stern  end  of  Jhe  place  was  built  by  Mr.  Hiestand,  growth  was  cheeked  hv  the  opening  of  tlie  Reading 

and  it  was  known  as  tlie  "Cross-Keys."    Jacob  Bletz,  and  Columbia  Railroad,  which  crossed  the  turnpike 

who  kept  tavern   for  many  year-  in   .McaintviUe,  kept  a  mile  east  of  the  place.     The  pn.sperity  and  raphl 

this  hotel  sixty  years  ago.      I'hc  latur  i-  now  kept  l,y  growth  of  Landi-vill.'.  a  mile  and  a  half  ea-t  of  Sa- 

Adam    Dietrich.     The    Cohimhia    and    Philadelphia  lunga,  checked  tin-  huildiiig  operath.ii- in  the  village. 

Railroad,  in  1834,  ]ia-sed  across  the  we^lcrn  [lart  of  The  population  is  ahout  three  hiimlred,  The  jdace 
the  town,  through  a  deep  c 
beauty  of  the  place  and  injur 
This  great  public  improvemr 
years  its  progre-s  and  grouth. 
ing-mill  near  the  ea-tern  lim 
skilled  workers   in    iron,  and  v 


M.  Stehi 
lore  life 
erected  ; 


which    marrcl    the 
the  .-ale  of  the    lots, 
retaidcl    i\a-   many 

takes  its  name  Iron 
Petersburg  wa- 

from    (.'..Inmbia    to 

Chi.|Ucsali 
laid   oiii  on 
lluber'-     1 

iii;a  Creek. 

a  i.ublir  roa.l  leading 

lill,    upon    the    Little 

he  erccth,nofa  roll- 

('oiicsi,,ga  freck,  a 

,d  about  tu 

,  miles  west   ii-om   the 

inai^ht  a   numhi'r  of 
le    these  works   were 
lively,  and  the  i.ur- 

latter  place,  at  liie 
l.anca-lcr  to  Manh 
Wolle  k.'pt  a  count 

'Mil  boroii,:;l 
ydr>-,-oo,l- 

he  road  leading  from 
.  Before  18U0,  Daniel 
and  grocery  store  and 
id   out   fourteen   acres 

hasov.rtaken  every 
in  ihi-  mill,  and  a-  a 

by  lotba-y,  at  the  i 

nilding  lots 

which  he  di-posed  of 
umlr./d   and   filty  d(,l- 

i„-s  lollowcd.    Sine 

.J„k„U„ln.,  I,.f.l,v,., 

h,MM.„,-.M,„a 

.„„,. „.,l  „,„„„.,;   .k.l,„, 

874 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER    COUNTY. 


lars  per  lot.     The  town  was  laid  out  upon  land  that  | 
was  almost  a  dead  level.     It  is  surrounded  by  rich  I 
limestone  land.     There  was  nothing  in  its  surround- 
ings which  was  calculated  to  build  up  and  maintain 
a  large  population.     The  first  decade  of  this  century  I 
witnessed  an  era  of  macadamized  roads,  wiiich  was 
followed  by  a  wild   speculation   in   town  lots.     Mr.  i 
Wolfe,  who  married  a  Jliss  Minnich,  a  resident  of  the  i 
township,   was  an   active   and   enterprising   business 
man,  and  he  tliouglit  he  saw  his  opportunity,  and 
embraced  it.    Tlie  principal  streets  were  called  SoutI), 
North,  East,  and  West  Streets.    The  lots  sold  readily, 
and  the  village  built  up  rapidly  during  the  specu- 
lative period  of  the  war  of  1S12.     This  was  followed 
by  a  great  depression  in  business,  and  for  fifty  years  i 
thereafter  there  was  but  little  improvement  made  in  1 
the  place.      Fairs  and   the  annual   spring   and   fall  ! 
elections  were  held  in  this  village.  ' 

List  of  Lot-holders  in  1M4  : 


road  crossed  the  road  leading  from  Columbia  to  Hu- 
ber's  mill.  The  hotel  is  now  owned  by  a  Mr.  Wolf, 
of  Lancaster  City.  One  square  farther  east  is  a  frame 
hotel,  built  by  Henry  Inhotf  about  1820. 

Churches. — The  Lutherans  and  members  of  the 
Cerman  Kefo'rmed  Churches  built  a  large  brick  mect- 
ing-house  in  the  northwestern  part  of  the  town  in 
1847.     They  worshiii  upon  alternate  Sabbaths. 

Tiie  Dunkards  have  a  meeting-house,  and  also  the 
New  ^reunoiiites,  services  in  both  of  wliich  are  largely 
attended  by  those  living  in  the  neighborhood.  (>foe 
chapter  on  Mennonite  Churches.) 


The  population  ' 
hundred  and  fifty. 

Mechanicsville  i 
Salnngo,  (jn  the  La: 
to  New  Holland,  oi 
turnpike,  aluiut  tW' 
village  contains  a  i 


Eobert  BtMiJ,  Sr. 

Ii.inifl  Kiieis 

Jiicob  Bniwusbelgcr. 

Ceu.gf  Ki.ti 

Bliclmel  Berb-er. 

J;icob  Ki.icL 

Kobert  Be:.r.l,  Jr. 

Nkliuhia  Lul 

FlL-derick  Cii.penter 

Alio  Lo.ig. 

CmaJ  i  Wulf  (buM 

0  Jacol.  Ii.,a 

Jol.M  Long. 

life'). 

John  Licbty. 

Siinmel  Dmiiii 
Jiinies  Penbai 
J..hn  Gb,»a'  e. 
Abmbiun  Ghif 
Jacob  Gmfl. 
Widow  (lood. 
Diiniel  Groali. 
Biivid  GolblLi: 
Huurj  Good. 
I'eter  Uonler. 
Jlartiu  Iliiinb 
Jacob  Ilt-rt. 


Jacob  Kaul1inan,"!)r.  V,ik-i,liiie  Yoibe. 

Joliu  Kauffiimn  (John's  sou).  J.ool.  Zk-glui. 

George  Kieainer. 

The  building  of  the  Lancaster  brancli  of  the  Read- 
ing and  Columbia  Railroad,  which  [.asses  near  its 
southern  limits,  gave  it  new  life.  A  number  of 
dwellings  have  been  erected,  and  the  town  has  grown 
up  to  the  railroad.  This  tract  was  part  of  twenty-five 
acres  which  John  Wolfe  s<ild  to  bis  bnithcr,  Daniel 
AVolfe,  June  27,  1800. 

When  Wolfe  laid  out  the  town  he  gave  it  no  name. 
Peter  Gottshall,  who  owned  several  farms  adjoining 
on  the  west,  made  some  additions  and  laid  several 
acres  out  in  building  hits.  The  place  then  assumed 
the  name  of  "Petersburg;"  whether  christened  by 
him  or  sti  named  by  those  living  in  the  neighborhood 
is  not  known.  The  northwestern  section  of  tlie  town 
was  nicknamed  "  Hcckcl  Htettle." 

Hotels.— There  are  tw.i  hottls  in  the  place,  the 
oldest  heing  the  bric'k  MKitrl  erected  by  Kaniel  W.>Ue 


f  the  place  is  estimated  at   four 

situated  on  the  road  leading  from 
Lancaster  and  Harrisburg  turnpike, 
1,  on  the  Lancaster  and  Churchtown- 
two  miles  west  of  Petersburg.  The 
a  tavern,  blacksmith-shop,  and  half 
a  dozen  bouses.  It  has  gone  to  decay,  and  is  now  a 
mere  hamlet. 

Midway  is  a  vilhige  situated  on  the  Culumbia  and 
Lancaster  turnpike,  midway  between  those  phues. 
It  was  started  by  John  Doner,  who  owned  the  land 
and  sold  small  tracts  along  the  turnpike  containing 
about  an  acre  each.  There  are  about  a  dozen  two- 
story  brick  houses  in  the  place.  They  aresurroumlod 
by  large  yards  filled  with  fruit-trees  and  flowers.  The 
dwellings  not  only  indicate  comfort  and  ease  within, 
but  the  entire  surroundings  display  great  taste  on  the 
part  of  the  owners.  There  is  a  school-hotise  and 
tobacco  warehouse  in  the  village. 

John  Doner,  the  founder  of  the  place,  was  burn  in 
East  Lampeter,  Jan.  8, 1818.  His  ancestors  cajne  witli 
the  Mennonite  pioneers  when  the  county  was  <u^ran- 
ized.  lie  owns  and  resides  upon  the-farm  adjuiniuL' 
the  village,  it  being  the  same  land  settled  by  the  de- 
scendants of  Francis  Neff  a  hundred  and  fifty  years 
ago.  Mr.  Doner  wa^s  elected  county  commissioner  in 
18G0,  and  served  in  that  capacity  during  the  most 
critical  period  of  the  war.     He  has  held  ntlier  lioiior- 

Cuunty  Hank. 

Locust  Grove,  a  village  situated  on  the  Columbia 
and  Lancaster  turnpike  ami  four  miles  west  from  the 
latter  ]ilace.  The  fir,-,t  building  in  the  place  was 
trcrled  by  Dr.  .lohii  Kberle's  father,  who  built  the 
tavern  an'd  ^  bhoksinith-sluip  belbre  the  tnrn|,ike 
was  built.  Here  Dr.  Eberle  first  practiced  medicine, 
being  then  a  single  iiuin.  Being  the  only  son,  he 
took  the  property  at  the  appraisement,  and  after 
practicing  medicine  two  or  three  years,  sold  the  tav- 
ern to  his  brother-in-law,  Gotlieb  Sehner,  who  sold 
to  Jacob  Clctz,  who  sold  to  .Air.  Hess,  who  kept  the 
tavern  for  many  years.  Fifty  years  ago  it  was  the 
scene  of  nniny  a  jollification. 

The  village  is  beautifully  situated,  and  contains 
about  a  dozen  Ihhim-s.  Tiiey  arc  large  and  comfort- 
able, with  ample  -rounds  >nrr..nmling  thejn.     There 


/^. 


y-r  ^^y^  ^/ 


WEST    HEMPFIELD  TOWNSHIP. 


is  a  blacksmith-shop  in  tlie  place,  but  the  tavern  has 
been  converted  into  a  private  residence. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCH. 


ilERMAN    W,  liRAYBlLL. 

The  great-grandfather  of  Herman  W.  emigrated 
from  Germany  at  an  early  day,  and  settled  in  Lan- 
caster County.  Among  his  sons  was  Daniel,  born  in 
the  above  county,  a  large  landed  proprietor  in  East 
Hempfield  township,  where  he  devoted  -his  time 
chiefly  to  agricultural  employments.  He  married  a 
Miss  HoUinger,  of  Lancaster  County,  and  had  chil- 
dren :  Daniel,  Isaac,  Joseph,  Jacob,  Benjamii>,  Mar- 
tha, Barbara,  and  Elizabeth.  Daniel  was  born  in 
1816  in  Penn  township,  but  during  his  childhood  be- 
came a  resident  of  East  Hempfield,  where  the  labors 
of  a  farmer  engaged  his  energies  until  his  recent  re- 
moval to  the  village  of  Petersburg.  He  married 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Dr.  Herman  Witmer,  of 
Manor  township,  and  had  children:  Martha  (Mrs. 
Daniel  Kreider),  Herjnan  \V.,  Amos  and  Benjamin, 
residing  in  Kansas,  and  David, 

Herman  W.  was  hnrn  S,-|.t.  ]',,  1842,  and  spent  his 
early  life  at  the  home  ..f  his  fatlier.  The  village  of 
Petersburg  aU'ordcil  him  advantages  of  education, 
though  of  a  limited  character,  after  which  his  ener- 
gies were  devoted  to  the  interests  of  the  farm  until 
his  twenty-second  year.  Mr.  Graybill  then  began  an 
extended  tour  of  Western  travel,  wisely  deciding  that 
no  advantages  of  education  would  atl'ord  him  superior 
opportunities  for  instruction  and  observation.  On 
his  return,  at  the  expiration  of  the  second  year,  he 
became  ticket-  and  freight-agent  for  the  Reading  and 
Columbia  Raikoad  at  Petersburg,  and  also  embarked 
in  the  coal  and  lumber  business.  He  was  married  in 
1S(J7  to  JIartha,  daughter  of  Henry  S.  Landis.  Jlrs. 
Graybill  having  died  in  18G8,  he  was  a  second  time 
married  to  Mrs.  Kate  Minnlcli,  daughter  of  .Jacob 
Swarr,  who  died  in  187U.  Mr.  Graybill  wa,  married 
in  1872  to  Jliss  Frances  Augusta,  dangliter  of  John 
Bassler,  of  Petersburg.  They  have  a  daughter,  Nora, 
and  a  son,  John. 

The  political  creed  of  Mr.  Graybill  has  always  been 
tliat  of  the  Republican  party.  He  is  not  actively  in- 
terested in  public  art'airs,  but  has  been  for  many  years 
a  member  of  the  county  conjmittee,  and  also  school 
director  of  his  township.  He  has  been  largely  iden- 
tified with  the  growth  and  development  of  Peters- 
burg, and  especially  prominent  in  the  erection  of 
dwellings  within  its  limits.  He  is  also  interested  in 
the  cultivation  of  land  owned  by  him  in  the  imn)c- 
diate  vicinity.  The  Graybill  ftnuily  formerly  em- 
braced the  faith  of  the  Dunkards,  though  the  present 
generation  are  not  followers  of  this  belief. 


CHAPTER    LVIII. 

WEST    HEMinaELD    TOWNSillP.i 

WestHempfucld  is  composed  of  the  western  half 
of  the  originaj  township  of  Hempfield.  "  West"  was 
only  prefixed  to  the  name  when  the  township  was 
divided.  There  was  no  necessity  for  this  to  distin- 
guish it  from  East  Hemiitield,  and  it  ought  to  have 
been  stricken  from  the  othcial  records  long  ago. 

The  history  of  the  settlement  along  the  river  is  an 
eventful  one,  not  because  of  the  number,  but  because 
of  the  ability  many  of  them  displayed  and  their 
prominence  in  public  affairs.  The  ferry  which  con- 
nected the  great  valley  extending  through  the  town- 
ship and  York  County  to  the  Maryland  line  was  the 
great  thoroughfare  over  which  the  tide  of  emigration 
passed  for  many  years,  which  was  only  interrupted  by 
"Cresap's  war"  in  1730-.SS.  The  pioneer  settlers  at 
the  ferry  wereall  Quakers,  but  they  stood  theirground 
manfully. 

Hempfield  is  bounded  on  the  northwest  by  Big 
Chikis  Creek,  on  the  northeast  by  East  Hempfield,  on 
the  southeast  by  Manor  township,  and  on  the  west  by 
the  Susquehanna  River.  It  contains  an  area  of  thir- 
teen thousand  seven  hundred  acres,  and  is  somewhat 
smaller  than  the  eastern  division  of  the  township. 

The  rich  limestone  valley,  extending  from  the  river 
to  its  eastern  boundary  line,  is  one  of  the  most  fertile 
in  the  State.  It  is  well  watered,  a  stream  flowing 
through  nearly  every  farm.  The  land  lying  in  the 
limestone  valley  u|)on  the  northeast  side  of  Chestnut 
Hill  is  also  very  fertile  and  easily  cultivateil,  but  there 
are  fewer  streams  of  running  water.  In  both  of  these 
valleys  the  dwelling-houses  and  barns  are  very  large, 
which  indicates  prosperity  and  thrift. 

Chikis  Hill  and  Chestnut  Hill  artf  a  continuous 
range  of  hills  commencing  at  Chikis  Rock  at  the 
month  of  Chikis  Creek,  and  extending  across  the 
township  in  an  easterji  direi-tion.  This  was  surveyed 
and  laiil  out  for  John,  Thomas,  and  Richard  Penn, 
and  was  named  Hempfield  Manor.  It  contained 
twenty-eight  hundred  and  sixteen  acres.  It  was  no 
doubt  intended  for  a  game  |)reserve.  It  was  subdi- 
vided into  about  sixty  tracts,  and  sold  by  the  heirs  of 
the  Penns  after  the  Revolutionary  war.  No.  1  com- 
menced at  Chikis  Rock.  No.  2,  which  joined  below, 
was  the  largest  tract,  and  contained  two  hundred  and 
fifty  acres.  In.it  is  now  embraced  the  farm  of  S.  S. 
Detweiler,  Cunrod  Swartz,  Joshua  Sourbeer,  and  the 
Kline  heirs.  The  other  tracts  contained  from  three 
to  fifty  acres.  The  hind  in  this  manor  was  covered 
with  a  thick  growth  of  elieslniit  and  oak  timber. 

The  Bethels,  Barbers,  Wn-hts.  Sticklers,  Garbers, 
Bachmans,'and  Kauirmaris,  ^^h,.  ..wrud  laniis  in  the 
valley,  purchased  small  traels  in  ihi-  niancr,  «  hirl, 
they  did  not  inclose  with  fences,  but  retaine<l  fur  tlie 


876 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


timber,  which  tliey  cut  into  fence-ri\ils  and  used  upon 
tlieir  cultivated  i'ariu.s.  There  were  a  lunnber,  how- 
ever, of  small  ("arnicrswho  purchased  a  tew  arns  near 

cultivated  an  acre  oi  two.  Tliey  eared  only  to  have 
a  small  patch  tor  a  garden,  and  land  enough  to  raise 
a  little  grain  to  supply  tlie  I'amily.  Sometimes  they 
had  a  cow,  a  few  pigs,  and  sheep;  which  roamed  at 
will  over  the  hills  picking  up  what  they  could  through 
the  day  and  returning  at  niglit.  Their  dwellings 
were  built  of  logs,  and  the  shelter  provided  for  the 
stock  was  of  the  rudest  character,  and  often  consisted 
of  poles  placed  in  forked  sticks  which  stood  upright. 
Chestnut  poles  were  throwji  across  the  top  of  these, 
resting  in  their  f(nk>,upon  wiiich  there  u'as"  thatched" 
straw  or  leaves  gatheird  I'loin  the  surrounding  forest. 
The  head  of  the  taiiiily  was  u-ually  a  tradesman  or 
worked  for  the  farmers  in  the  valley.  In  the  full  and 
winter  they  amuacd  themselves  by  hunting  for  wild 
game,  of  udiicli  there  was  an  abundance  around  them. 
It  was  not  an  unusual  eircnm-tanee  to  lind  a  daULdi- 
ter  or  wife— who,-e  father  or  husband  was  awav  work- 


-  rails. 


happy.  Within  the  memory  of  the  present  genera- 
tion these  small  farms  have  been  cleared  of  timber, 
and  tlie  land  brought  to  a  high  state  of  productive- 
ness, and  now  as  much  grain  can  be  pr(jduced  jier 
acre  upon  this  land  as  in  the  limestone  valleys.  Along 
the  backbone  of  lliis  manor  now  runs  a  road  which 
affords  (me  of  the  mn-l  delightful  drives  in  the  couji- 
try.  The  impulalion  is  .so  dense  that  it  forms  what 
seems  to  be  a  ciuiu'loineration  of  half  a  dozen  village,-, 
the  most  pretentious  ,,l'  wlii.h  is  "  IrojiviUe,"  which 
came  into  existence  alioni  thirty  years  ago.  Levi  K. 
Myers  established  a  store  in  lli'e  pla.'e,  and  from  one 
or  two  houses  the  place  urew  to  he  a  hamlet,  and 
gradually  attahied   the    prop,.rtion,  of  a   village.     It 


fur 


named  by  .Mver 
■d  tohismimlln, 
acecl.,sehyonlh 


sUg- 


east  siile  an  immense  hank  of  ir.m  ore  from  whieh 
several    milli.m    tons   have    I.een    taken.     Thr  village 

at  the  furn.iee.  Its  prospi  litv  ebl)ed  and  llowed  with 
the  tlu(luati(Mis  of  the  iron  business.  When  the  fur- 
nace was  out  of  blast  the  place  lost  its  vitality.  The 
villagers  were  compelled  by  circumstanees  to  give 
some  attention  to  the  cultivation  of  tlirir  bus,  and 
they  gradually  began  to  grow  tobacco,  which  brought 
tlieni  remunerative  prices  and  allbrded  them  a  com- 
fortable living  from  its  proceeds. 

There  is  one  store  in  the  place,  and  three  taverns, 
one  ehurrh,  ami  a  larg.-  loii'k  schooMiouse. 

The  village  is  siatiind  over  a  large  space,  and 
numbers  about  two  linndred  inhabitants. 

Xear  the  heart  of  this'  manor  a  deposit  of  hematite 


thi 


sted.  The  presence 
a  recent  discovery, 
L  period  of  less  than 


half  a  eeiltury. 

So  far  as  do(,-umentary 
Samuel  Blunston,  one  ^ 
sided  at  Wright's  Kerr\ 
tion  the  jtresence  of  iro 
Tayh 


his  friend,  John 
(]uiry,  "If  there  i 


videnee  establishes  the  facH, 
Tenn's  surveyors,  wdio  re- 
was  ihe  first  person  to  men- 
here.  In  a  letter  written  U> 
in  1737,  he  makes  the  in- 
ind  surveyed  and  returned 
on  the  Iron  Hill  on  this  side  of  young  Andrew  Her- 
shey's?"  The  latter  lived  southwest  from  Salungo. 
In  surveying  land  in  this  manor,  JMr.  Blunston  doubt- 
less discovered  that  the  accuracy  of  his  compass  was 
disturbed  when  in  proximity  to  this  ore,  which  came 
to  the  surface  of  the  ground. 

William  Bennet  was  at  one  time  part  owner  of 
Martic' Furnace,  which  was  built  by  Thomas  and 
William  Smith  in  ]7'r2.  lie  is  said  to  have  been  a 
relative  of  the  (Jnihlis,  the  great  iron  manufacturers. 
After  be  was  sold  out  by  the  sheriff,  in  1769,  he 
seems  t(j  have  turned  his  attention  to  the  discovery 
of  iron  ore,  and  he  lVe(jueiitly  leased  ore  property  or 
[lurchased  it.  More  than  a  hundred  years  ago  lie  dis- 
covered the  prescnee  ol  iron  ore  upon  the  land  of  Col. 
Lowrey,  near  Jlarietia,  and  induced  him  and  David 
Cook  to  go  into  the  iron  l.usin,.,,.  After  Heunet  had 
been  digging  for  some  tiniL-.  Col.  Lowrey  and  David 
Cook  abandoned  their  idea  of  erecting  a  furnace,  be- 
cause they  thought  they  could  not  gel  sufficient  ore. 
The  drift  3Ir.  Rennet  made  was  abaiuloncd,  and  thus 
remained  undeveloped  foi-  more  than  seventy  years. 

.Vbout  1850,  ,rolin  W.  Clark,  the  then  owner  of  this 
farm,  more  from  curiosity  than  anything  else,  com- 
menced to  dig  into  the  diilt   abandoned  by  Bennet. 


He  came  upon  a  c|.  posit 
this  one  place  more  th 
worth,  and  thus  the  J  ml. 
cated  long  after  his  ih-n- 

Bennet  about  tin.'  saim 
acres  of  ore  land  upon  ( 
containing  forty  acres  i 
Creek,  in  York  Couiify, 
Creek. 

llesohltheoreb.mkoi 
to  the  Hon.  John  Wilk, 
Congress  from  ll.is  coiin 

furnace  at   Codorus   and 


■e,  and  mined  fii 
thousand    dolla 


lased 
lid  an 


Code 
i;odo 


He  became  gn 

to  sell  his  ore-b 

in  York  County 

I  of  two  other  pai 

i  few  years  by  th 

years    this    faiiii 


adb 
intei 

It  little  ex|H 
ded   to  erec 

the 

nanutacture 

,and 
Hill 
r  Ihr 

was  compel! 
and  his  lai 
lugh  the  hai 
purchased  i 

this 

re  than   eigl 
valuable    o 

ore-bank  on   CI 


WEST    IIEMPFIKLD  TOWNSHIP. 


877 


Hill  was  not  discovered  or  developed  until  about  the 
year  183').  (See  Chesnut  Hill  Iron  Ore  Company.) 

There  is  a  tradition  that  more  than  a  hundred 
years  ago  the  precious  nu-tals  were  lound  in  dillerent 
jil.ices  along  Chestnut  Hill  ami  within  the  limits  of 
Hempfield  Jlanor. 

In  the  month  of  An-n-t,  ISSu,  when  an  artesian 
well  was  luiiig  sunk  uinm  the  old  l.iakard  property, 
MOW  owned  by  the  Columbia  Water  Company,  a  vein 
ol'  rich  silver  ore  was  found.  No  effort  has  yet  been 
made  to  develop  the  ore.  There  Is  a  gleam  of  hope 
that  the  tradition  may  become  a  reality. 

Early  Settlers.— The  first  settlement  was  made  by 
.•^cotch-Irish — an  overflow  from  Donegal — along  Big 
Chikis,  and  by  Mennonites  wdio  kept  advancing  up 
Little  Conestoga  and  its  western  branches  until  they 
met  the  former,  a  few  miles  east  of  Chikis  Creek. 
Robert  Spear  located  on  Big  Chikis  Creek,  upon 
land  now  owned  by  Ciiristian  Hostetter  and  M.  S. 
llusser.  He  was  a  Scotch-Irish  Presbyterian,  and  a 
member  of  Donegal  Church.  His  grandson,  Robert 
Spear,  erected  the  large  stone  mansion  upon  the  IMus- 
ser  farm.  He  became  a  large  landholder.  He  was 
appointed  a  justice  of  the  peace  by  Governor  Thomas 
McKean  about  the  year  1807,  and  was  in  commission 
more  than  forty  years.  He  moved  to  Columbia  in 
1814  or  1815,  and  became  a  prominent  citizen. 

John  Knisely  settled  on  the  north  side  of  the  Lan- 
caster and  Marietta  turn|)ike,  about  a  mile  east  of 
"Silver  Springs"  in  1718.  He  died  in  the  year  1758, 
and  left  eleven  chihlien,  viz.  :  Michael  (wdio  moved 
to  Cocalico),  Ann  (Folwell),  Mary  (Mumma),  An- 
thony, John,  Abraham,  Maria  (Beaver),  Beverly 
(Harnish),  Christian,  Peter,  and  Joseph. 

James  Moore  settled  on  Big  Chikis  in  1720.  He 
W.1S  a  Scotch-Irish  Presbyterian.  He  died  in  1736, 
and  left  a  wife,  Elizabeth,  who  was  a  sister  of  Samuel 


At  the  time  of  Henry's  decease  his  mother,  who 
was  then  an  aged  person,  was  living  with  him.  She 
was  then  the  widow  of  Christian  Jlyers,  by  whom  she 
had  two  s«ns,  Christian  and  Abraham. 

The  descendants  of  thi-,  family  are  nuiner(jus,  ami 
are  scattered  over  this  and  the  adjoining'  counties. 
Many  of  them  are  large  landholders.  The  late  John 
Forry,  Jr.,  who  inherited  the  old  homestead  farm,  two 
miles  east  from  Columbia,  and  for  a  number  of  years 
a  member  of  the  Legislature,  was  a  direct  descendant 
of  the  old  pioueer  settler. 

Josiah  Scott,  one  of  the  e:irly  settlers,  died  in  17(55, 
aged  fifty-eight  years,  and  left  a  wife,  Mary,  and  the 
following  children:  Robert,  Alexander,  Ann  (wife  of 
Col.  Bertram  Galbraith,  of  whom  an  extended  notice 
is  given  in  Conoy  townsliip),  Esther,  and  Jean. 

Scott  owned  the  land  on  the  east  side  of  Chikis 
Creek,  near  the  crossing  of  the  Lancaster  and  Mount 
Joy  turnpike.  A  short  time  previous  to  his  death 
he  completed  a  large  stone  dwelling  and  office.  He 
owned  a  large  tract  of  land  above  Frankstown  (near 
HoUidaysburg).  He  also  owned  a  farm  in  LTpper 
Paxton,  which  he  bought  from  Thomas  McKee,  the 
Indian  trader.  He  was  a  surveyor,  and  was  one  of 
the  most  prominent  citizens  and  largest  laud-owners 
in  the  county. 

Alexander  Scott,  brother  of  Josiah  and  Samuel, 
died  in  1787,  aged  seventy  years,  leaving  a  wife,  Sarah, 
but  no  children.  His  sister,  Grizel,  married  Hugh 
Pedaii,  to  whom  he  gave  one  hundred  and  thirty 
acres  in  Rapho,  upon  which  he  directed  a  mill  to  be 

built.     His  sister,  Ann,  married  Patterson,  by 

whom  she  had  sons,  Samuel,  James,  and  Eleanor. 
He  also  had  a  sister  who  married  James  Moor,  and 


d  Jos 


II. 


tt,  and  son,  Ephraim 
t'arm  adjoiningjponegal  Church  glebs 

Richard  Mays  settled  near  the  Mi 
in  174:i  and  left  a  wife,  f-ahella,  and  s,,iis  Jo-rpl 
Richard. 

Christian  Welty  I.M.k  out  a  patent  for  two  hu. 
and  Mxty--rvun  a.i,-  in  174i;.  His  land  lay  a 
Mortliea.t  nf  il,,;  Laura-trr  and  Marietta  t'urii 
He  died  in  IVli.',  ar.d  left  the  lollowiiiK  chil. 
Daniel,  Christian,  llarbara  i  f.ntzi,  ,fohn,  Jac.d. 
Henry. 

John  Forry  settled  ni.on  laud  between  Sa 
Blunston\-,  and  the  ( iai  l.rrV,  aloi,-  tlu-  ..oulheni 

of  Chestnut  Hill,      lie  caoie  to  Amnica  fr U 

dam.  Oct.  H;,  1727,  in  thu  >.imu-  ve-^'l  ulii.h  br, 
the  lliestand>,  Li|.liarts,  (;,-,iyl.ills,  and  olhiT 
known  I,an.:,,i,.r  I'oin.lv  .rlll.-i,,  11,-  dird  in 
and  hll  a  wifr,  \l,uv,  and  ,ix  rhildr.Mi,  viz.:  . 
who   inherited  the  old  bom, -trad,  uliicli  i,  ,,wi, 


another  married  to  ^Vi 
tain  in  the  French  an 
also  in  the  Revolution 
hundred  acres  of  land 
Creek,  where  the  Lann 


Carr.     tecott 


:ap- 


dian  war  of- 1755-60,  and 
war.  He  owned  several 
le  east  side  of  Big  Chikis 
and  Mount  Joy  turn))ike 


(ieorge  Snyder  erected,  soon  after  the  completion 
of  the  Lancaster  and  Waterford  turnpike,  a  very 
large  brick  hotel  half  a  mile  east  of  Chikis  Creek, 
and  also  carried  on  a  .listillcry.  In  botli  ventures,  in 
thr  early  period  of  the  war  of  ISlL',  he  succeeded  and 
made  iiionev  verv  ra|.idlv.  lie  was  caught  in  the 
whirlwind   of    town    lot.    specnlalion    and    wrecked. 


Jacob,  Al 


Ma>town,,Mount  Joy,  Hambridge,  Nellsville,  West- 
phalia (Wrightsville),  .Manchester  (on  the  island 
below  ('<,newago  Falls),  Franklin,  Gainsburg,  .\ew 
l.el.an.Mi,  and  a  lar-e  inlerv.t  in  the  Laiie.isleV  Land 
('ui„|.a,,y  ill  Waiiei,  I'oiinly,  I'a. 

Ill  islo  his  l.rollier,  .lohii  ,-;iivder,  wh.i  lived  in 
I'ikelaiid  township,  Chester  Co.,  pnivliased  the  farm, 
hoiel.  di-tiUery,  and  town  lots  for  tweiilv-one  thou- 
sand dollar...  Their  deseeiidaats  now  reside  in  the 
Stale  of  Ohio. 

Samuel    Boyd   purchased   the   hotel    and    farm.      It 


S78 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


was  a  grout  resort  for  tlie  many  teams  passing  over 
the  turnpike,  and  it  maintained  its  prestige  until  the 
completion  of  the  Pennsylvania  Canal  and  Columbia 
and  Pliiladelphiaand  Lancaster  and  Portsmouth  Rail- 
roads, which  stopped  the  transportation  of  through 
freight  Irom  Philadelphia  over  the  turnpikes  to  west- 
ern points.  Turnpikes  became  unprofitable,  and 
were  not  kept  in  good  condition.  A  reaction  came, 
and  within  twenty  years  their  number  has  been 
largely  increased,  and  they  now  yield  handsome 
revenues. 

Jlichael  Brenneman  married  Kitty  Snyder,  a  sister 
of  George  and  daughter  of  Philip  Snyder. 

John  Hantz  also  married  Eliza,  a  daughter  of 
Philip  Snyder,  and  built  the  mill  on  Big  Chikis 
Creek  known  as  "  Risser's  mill."  He  had  just  com- 
pleted an  elegant  mansion,  when  it  was  destroyed 
by  fire.  He  built  another  and  larger  one  of  brick. 
The  stone  in  the  first  one  he  used  to  build  a  wall 
It  is  one  of  the 
houses  in  Rapho 


along  the  road  leading  to  Newtown, 
largest  and  most  substantially  built 
township. 

Simon  Snyder,  brother  of  George,  married  a  Sliss 
Sharer,  daughter  of  Henry  Sharer,  who  built  the 
stone  mill  at  Chikis  Creek,  half  a  mile  west  from 
Snyder's  tavern.  Philip  Snyder  was  the  ancestor  of 
this  family  in  the  township. 

John  Pedan,  brother  of  Capt.  Hugh  Pedan,  settled 
upon  his  father's  farm,  on  the  east  side  of  Big  Chikis 
Creek,  which  is  now  owned  by  H.  N.  Eby.  He  died 
in  1775,  and  left  a  widow,  Martha,  and  a  daughter, 
Isabella.  He  left  in  his  will  the  sum  of  twenty 
pounds  for  the  support  of  the  minister  of  Donegal 
Church.  John  Pedan  married  Martha  Wallace,  who 
died  in  177(i.  In  her  will  she  made  a  bequest  to  her 
brother,  William  Wallace,  and  to  her  cousins,  Jane 
Ferguson  and  Esther  Ferguson  and  jMargaret  Breden. 
She  also  gave  seven  pounds  to  Donegal  meeting-house, 
and  three  jfijunds  to  the  school-house  belonging  to 
the  meeting  house. 

George  Mumma  was  one  of  the  pioneer  settlers. 
He  died  in  1786,  and  left  a  wife,  Barbara,  and  the 
following  family:  Christian,  Elizabeth  ((Jharles), 
Henry,  David,  Jacob,  Magdalena  (Strickler),  Juli- 
ana (Mellinger),  Maria,  Barbara,  and  George. 

James  Moor  settled  near  Big  Chikis  Creek  in  1718, 
where  he  died  in  173G,  leaving  a  widow,  Elizabeth, 
who  was  a  Scott,  and  who  died  in  174rj.  They  left 
one  son,  Ephraim,  who  settled  upon  the,  land  near 
Donegal  Church. 

James  Rhoddy  erected  a  grist-  and  saw-mill  on 
Chikis  Creek,  about  two  miles  and  a  half  from  the 
river,  in  1720.  He  died  in  1733,  and  left  a  wife, 
Mary,  and  the  following  children:  William,  James, 
to  whiim  he  gave  his  mill  and  homestead;  Prudence,' 
who  married  .Joseph  Work;  and  Alexander,  to  whom 
he  gave  a  farm  on  '  'miewago  ( 'ri-ek,  where  he  directed 
a  mill  to  be  built  f.ir  him. 

Jacob  Strickler  was  one  of  the  pioneer  settlers  in 


this  township,  and  purchased  the  farm  adjoining 
Robert  Barber  on  the  east  about  the  year  1740.  He 
discovered  that  ho  had  one  of  the  most  valuable  beds 
of  limestone  rock  in  the  county,  and  he  commenced 
the  business  of  burning  lime.  He  was  a  very  tnier- 
getic  and  enterprising  citizen,  and  was  an  olHeer  in 
tlie  Revolutionary  army. 

His  son  Jacob  carried  on  the  business  of  lime-burn- 
ing more  extensively  than  his  father.  He  leased  llie 
ferry  of  James  Anderson,  and  kept  the  old  ferry- 
house  at  Marietta  before  that  place  had  an  existence. 
He  returned  to  the  old  mansion  farm,  where  he 
erected  a  very  large  two-story  stone  dwelling  eighty 
years  ago,  whicli  is  in  excellent  state  of  preservation. 
During  the  war  of  1812  he  raised  a  company  of  volun- 
teers and  marched  to  Kennet  Square,  Chester  Co., 
and  thence  to  the  "  Head  of  Elk."  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Legislature  several  terms.  His  son  Jacob  was 
a  very  shrewd  and  enterprising  business  man,  and  be- 
came one  of  the  wealthiest  in  the  county.  He  mar- 
ried the  first  time  Miss  Jeffries,  and  the  second  time 
Jliss  McChing,  daughter  of  Charles  JMcClung,  of  Lea- 
cock  township. 

He  died  about  1850,  and  left  four  daughters— Mrs. 
Ephraim  Hershey,  Jlrs.  Henry  Breneman,  Jlrs.  C.  S. 
Kautfrnan,  and  Mrs.  liartram  Schaeffer— and  three 
sons,— Cyrus,  Jacob,  and  Matthew.  (.)f  these  chil- 
dren Cyrus  is  the  only  one  living. 

Mary  Ditcher,  wife  of  John  Ditcher,  took  out  a 
warrant  for  one  hundred  acres  of  land  in  Hempfield 
township  on  Oct.  24,  1734,  where  they  had  been  set- 
tled for  several  years.  She  seems  to  have  been  a  very 
singular  person,  and  after  her  husband's  death  slie 
wandered  around  through  the  woods  clad  in  a  sheep- 
skin dress,  with  an  old  horse,  which  carried  not  only 
herself,  but  her  entire  outfit  of  clotlring  and  cooking 
utensils.  She  carried  her  knitting  with  her,  and  was 
very  industrious  with  her  needle.  She  remained  in 
one  place  long  enough  to  obtain  a  squatter's  right  to 
the  land.  She  marked  its  boundaries  upon  the  trees 
with  her  hatchet,  and  erected  tlie  rudest  shelter, 
which  was  a  sufficient  improvement  to  warrant  the 
loan  commissioners  in  granting  her  a  warrant  of  sur- 
vey, which  she  generally  sold  for  a  trifle.  She  seems 
to  have  had  no  fear  of  wild  animals,  and  her  i.iilv 
protector  was  a  faithful  dug,  which  aeeomjianied  hn 
in  her  wanderings. 

Dr.  A.  P.  Garber  was  born  ujion  his  father's  farm, 
two  miles  east  from  Columbia.  He  was  sent  to  tlie 
common  schools  of  tlie  neighborhood,  where  he  very 
early  displayed  a  taste  for  bolai»y,  as  his  father  and 
grandfather  did  before  him.  He  was  sent  to  the  Stale 
Normal  School  at  .Millersville,  where  lie  gradiinled 
with  high  hoiiois.  He  also  sliidinl  im  dirim.,  and 
graduated  ill  that  prolessioii  wilh  high  hoiKu^.  Ills 
tastes  did  not,  however,  incline  in  that  diieetioii, 
partly  for  the  reason  that  lie  was  in  delicate  liealth. 
He  accepted  a  iiosilion  as  botanist  in  Lafayette  College, 
Easton,  Pa.,  and  was  also  one  of  the  most  active  iiicni- 


WEST    HEMPFIELD   TOWxNSHIP. 


879 


bers  of  the  Liniui'an  Society  in  Lancaster.  At  a  meet- 
ingof  the  Botanical  Section  of  tlie  Academy  of  Natural 
Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  held  on  the  10th  day  of 
November,  1870,  at  the  suggestion  of  the  celebrated 
botanist.  Dr.  Asa  Gray,  a  new  plant,  or  one  very  rare 
on  the  Western  Continent,  discovered  by  Dr.  Garber, 
in  tlie  southern  part  of  Florida,  was  named  after  him, 
Gnrheriii.     lie  died  u  few  years  ago  in  the  prime  of 

Residents  in  1819. — Hempfield  township  was  di- 
vided in  August,  181S.  The  following,  wdiich  is  the 
first  assessment-roll  made  for  this  township  in  I81S), 
shows  who  were  its  residents  in  that  year: 


Joshua  Ring. 
Daniel  Ileigait. 

Caslii-r  Sclirtoider. 


George  tJetz,  gritit-uiill. 
Jolin  Gri-iJer,  two  grist-t 


Anilr 


Jacob  Ileraltcy. 
Yoat  lleinnnian. 
Jacob  Ili>-stand. 
Josejiii        Hu{;entogloi 

Josupii  Hogemoglcr  (J 

John  Ruber. 

Jacob  Hogentogler(I»i 


FrcJcricli  lilair. 
Joliu  Kl.iir,  weaver. 
Barbara  Kertz. 
Jacob  Klair. 
Jacob  Loiiclta. 
Henry  Lamb. 
Elizabeth  Locliard. 
James  Long. 
Joliu  Lir.tner. 

Cliri=tian  Musser. 
I'eter  MuBSer. 


John  Meldinm. 


gler,  Sr. 

David  Roh.or. 

gler  (son  of  Jolm). 

Martin  iticglo. 

logler  (don  of  John) 

Christian  lUegl 

oglor(aoni,f  John). 

David  Iliugle. 

Jolm  Bearer. 

George  Bruner. 

Jacob  Breneider,  gate-keeper. 

Kphraun  Eby. 

David  Eshli-man. 

John  Forney,  innkeeper. 

Jacob  Fridy. 

Jacob  Geltniacher. 

Itiidolpii  Hunsecker,  miller. 


Nicholas  HogeDtogler(,Johl 
John  Hogentogler  (.Isaac's 
Jacob  HoRnian, 


Henry  Knight,  tanu 


Jacob  Brown,  coope 


Jacob  Stipgen,  blacksmith. 


John  Weller,  Jr. 
Lewis  Wisler. 
Christian  Weldy. 
Abraham  Zook. 


Abraham  Keyser,  miller. 

Ji.isliua  Kehler,  innkeeper, 

Henry  Landis,  blacksmith. 

George  Lutz. 

.Samuel  Luucks,  innkeeper. 

Frederick  Metzgar. 

Henry  Jlusselman. 

Moses  Michael. 

David  Nefl,  blacksmith  and  wagon 

Jacob  Peters. 

Jacob  Remig. 

John  Rohrer. 

John  Savier. 

John  Shertzer. 

Henry  Schneider,  tailor. 

.\ndrew  Stipgen,  blacksmith. 

Henry  Weller,  shoemaker. 

George  Weaver,  blacksmith. 

Joseph  Willis. 

Adam  Yost,  innkeeper. 


Mills.— Shellaberger's  mill  was  built  by  Ulricli 
Shellaberger  on  "  Ii;irber's  Run,"  commonly  called 
"Strickler's  Run,"  two  miles  above  its  mouth,  about 
the  year  1750.  There  was  a  saw-mill  attached  to  the 
grist-mill.  His  son  .lolin  inherited  the  mills  and  one 
hundred  and  sixty-si.K  acre^  of  land,  lie  sold  tliem, 
with  forty  acres  of  land,  to  Christian  Bachman,  of 
Manor  township,  who  erected  the  three-story  stone 
mill  now  standing.  The  property  passed  into  posses- 
sion of  Christian  Herr,  of  JManor,  and  from  him  to 
his  son,  Haldy  Herr,  of  Columbia,  who  sold  the 
property  two  years  ago  to  Dr.  Napoleon  H.  Wolfe,  of 
Cincinnati,  who  gave  it  in  trust  to  some  of  his  nephews 
iind  niei'es.  ■» 

Mussclman's  mill  was  built  by  Henry  Mu.sselman, 
on  Big  Chikis  Creek,  about  a  mile  .soutli  from  Pe- 
dan's  Tavern,  prior  to  the  Reviilulionaiy  war.  It  is 
a  three-story,  part  stone  and  part  frame  l.uilding.  It 
has  been  generally  known  as  I'.endei's  mill. 

One  of  the  lir.t  hcnip-niill-,  in  the  ,,,unty  was 
ercclrd  near  the  in.iul  li  nl  ( 'liikis  ( 'rcvk,  on  llie.-asl 
side,  upon  land  owned  by  Thomas  Ewing,  about  17  10. 


880 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTP]R  COUNTY. 


The  property  \vas  purcliased  by  John  HuUleruun 
ninety  or  more  years  ago,  and  was  afterwards  owned 
by  his  son  Henry,  who  built  a  saw-mill  on  the  western 
bank  of  the  stream,  and  allowed  the  </l(l  hemp-mill  to 
go  to  decay. 

John  Hamaker  built  a  ^'ri-t-  and  >aw-mill  on  Shaw- 
anese  Run,  about  two  miles  from  the  mouth  ol'  that 
stream.  It  was  a  two-story  frame  building  about 
thirty  feet  square.  It  was  purchased  by  (ieorge  Getz 
in  the  year  1810.  The  stream  was  very  weak,  and  it 
required  a  very  large  overshot-wheel  of  about  twenty- 
five  feet  in  diameter  to  get  power  enough.  Tliere  was 
no  dam  to  catch  the  water,  but  it  was  brought  in 
ditches  and  tronghs  from  a  considerable  distance 
above  the  mill,  and  had  a  large  fall.  Very  often  it 
required  the  weight  of  a  person  to  start  the  water- 
wheel,  and  the  proprietor  of  the  mill  did  not  hesitate 
sometimes  to  "tread"  the  wheel  until  a  farmer's  grist 
was  ground.  Thirty  years  ago  the  mill  was  torn  down 
to  make  rdom  for  the  Columbia  and  Chestnut  Hill 
turnpike. 

George  Getz  erected  a  grist-mill  on  .Sliawanese  Run, 
about  two  miles  above  its  mouth,  in  ISlU.  He  also 
built  a  distillery  at  the  same  time.  The  stream  was 
small,  and  the  water  was  conducted  through  a  wooden 
trough  from  the  run  some  distance  above  the  mill, 
wdiich  gave  a  fall  of  twenty  or  more  feet.  There  was 
no  pool  or  dam  from  which  the  water  was  drawn. 
When  the  water  was  very  low  Mr.  Getz  trod  on  the 
buckets  of  the  wlieel  and  helped  it  around. 

Greider's  mill  was  built  by  Hans  Greider,  near  the 
bead  of  Silver  Spring  Run,  and  one-fourth  of  a  mile 
north  of  the  village  of  Silver  Spring,  more  than  a 
liundred  years  ago.  It  is  now  owned  by  .Jonas  (iarlier. 
The  mill  is  a  three-story  stone  building.  In  cidonial 
times  it  was  an  important  mill,  and  was  a  great  ac- 
commodation to  those  living  in  the  neighborhood. 

Christian  Hertzler  built  a  very  large  fimrstory 
brick  grist-vaill  along  Rig  Chikis  Creek,  about  lour 
miles  north  of  Columbia,  about  1808.  There  was  a 
log  grist-mill,  which  stood  a  few  hundred  yards  above 
it,  which  was  built  before  the  county  was  organized. 
The  property  is  now  owned  by  Jiichael  Moore,  who 
has  remodeled  the  mill,  anil  |iut  in  the  modern  im- 
l)rovements,  and  it  is  now  one  of  the  best  in  the 
county. 

Abraham  Zook  erected  a  grist-null  upon  Barbir's 
or  Stricklcr's  Run,  about  two  miles  above  its  niiaiih, 
in  1815.  It  is  a  two-story  and  a  half  frauie  buildin,-. 
After  his  death,  fifteen  or  more  years  ago,  it  was  jmr- 
chased  by  Thomas  Groom,  who  sold  it  lour  years  ago 
to  Henry  Kehler,  who  sold  it  in  1880  to  the  i)andiaeh 
brothers,  who  have  made  extensive  imiuo\  enients  in 
it,  and  have  aUo  erected  a  l;n-e  dwellin-  upon  the 
farm  attached  to  the  mill  property.  There  is  hut  one 
road  Icadinir  to  this  mill,  frojn  the  north  side,  whiel. 
has  always  been  inconvenient,  hut  in  the  ne;ir  I'ntiire 
it  is  hoped  that  an  outlet  will  1h-  ni.uh-  in  a  -oulli.  in 
direction. 


Taverns. — A  few  years  after  the  completion  of  the 
Lancaster  and  Sus(iuehanna  turnpike,  about  the  year 
1810,  John  Forry,  Jr.,  built  a  large  two-story  brick 
tavern'on  the  south  side  of  the  turnjiike,  one  mile 
and  a  half  east  of  <  'ohiinl.ia,  U|)on  land  taken  itp  by 
John  Forry  as  early  as   17;5ii.     The  building  was  not 

I  quite  completed  when  Isaac  Vaughen  moved  into  it. 
He  came  from  Chester  County,  and  belonged  to  an 
old  and  very  respectable  family.  He  remained  there 
two  years  when  he  removed  to  Columbia,  wdiere  he 
also  kept  tavern  about  two  years,  and  then  embarked 
in  the  lumber  business  and  continued  in  it  for  forty 
years.     Vaughen  was  succeeded  by  Joshua  Kehler 

I  (wlio  had  been  keeping  the  "  Bear  Tavern"  on  the 
river  between  Columbia  and  Washington),  and  he 
kept  it  for  forty-five  years.  It  was  one  of  the  largest 
and  finest  of  the  old  taverns.  Henry  Kehler,  son  of 
Joshua,  owns  the  place,  which  he  has  converted  into 

I  one  of  the  finest  private  residences  in  the  county. 

J       Riegle's   tavern  was  built   on   the  Columbia   and 

I  Manheim  road,  two  miles  and  a  half  from  the  former 
place.  Christian  Riegle  kept  the  tavern  eighty  years 
ago,  and  it  was  probably  built  by  him.  The  town- 
ship and  Columbia  borough  elections  were  held  at 
this  tavern  for  a  number  of  years.  He  died  a  vifdent 
death  fifty  years  ago. 

The  tavern  was  afterwards  kept  by  Henry  Conklin. 
who  sold  the  property  some  years  ago  to  the  Kautl- 
man  Iron  Company.     It  has  been  converted  into  a 

I  private  dwelling. 

I  Tlie  "Fountain  Inn"  is  located  on  the  south  side 
of  the  Marietta  ami  Lancaster  turnpike,  about  two 
miles  east  from  Marietta.  It  was  built  by  Philip 
Snyder  in  ISOS,  and  is  one  of  the  largest  of  the  old 
wagon  taverns  in  the  county.  It  is  more  generally 
known  as  "  Boyd's  Tavern,"  from  the  fact  that  it  was 

'  owned  and  kept  by  the  late  Samuel  Boyd  for  many 


iber's 


LSKl.       It    is    loeated 

at   Silver  Spring,   on   the   north          | 

side  of    the    Mariet 

a   an<l    Lancaster    turnpike,   five          1 

miles  and   a   half  e: 

-I   liiini   Marietta.     It  is  a  large 

1  two-story   sK.ne    l.u 

Iding.      Fifty   years   ago  a   very 

large  l.UMne-  wa- 

lone   there.     After  the  construc- 

tion    of  the   pnMi( 

iinpro\enients,   like   other   rural 

taverns,  it  went  d..\\ 

n,  ;ni.l   has  never  entirely  recov- 

ereil    its    lormer    pr 

,>perily.      The    village   of  Silver 

;  Spring  is  LTowiii-'  r 

pidly,  and  the  tavern  will  doubt- 

less  in  the  near  futu 

e  do  a  profitable  business. 

The  "  r.huk  I'm  ;u 

'  tavern  u as  liuilt  about  the  time 

theCcdumbia  and  1, 

mealier  turnpike  w.is  e(.mi)leted. 

It  was  a  two-storv  1. 

-  house,  located  on  the  south  side 

of  th"e   turnpike,  ah 

.nt  Inui   and  a  quarter  miles  east 

Horn   Colnniliia.      .1 
hfty  years.     H,.  er. 

ie,,l,    k'higli    kept   the  tavern  for 

■t.  .1  a  iwo-siory  hri.k  addition  at          ^ 

WEST    HEMPFIELD  TOWNSHIP. 


ill-feeling  between  parties  from  tliese  two  places  Isaac  Rolner  erected  the  first  building  in  the  place, 

inueil  fur  many  years.     When  one  side  came  otf  a   house  of  entertainment,  or  hotel,  into  which   he 

rictors,  the  defeated  party  would  rally  in  a  day  or  moved  as  soon  as  it  was  completed.     It  stood  upon 

and  bring  with  them  some  of  their  best  fighters,  lot  No.  ?,  at  a  point  where  the  old  road  leading  from 

then  the  palm  of  victory  rested  with  them.     Mrs.  Columbia  to^Christian  Huber's  mill  diverged  to  the 


WEST    IIEMPFIELD  TOWNSHIP. 


This  ill-feeling  between  parties  from  these  two  places 
continued  fur  many  years.  When  one  side  came  otf 
the  victors,  the  defeated  jiarty  wonld  rally  in  a  day  or 
two  and  bring  with  them  some  of  their  ln-t  fi;.diters, 
and  then  the  )jalni  of  victory  rested  with  thcni.  Mrs. 
KUigh  was  a  sister  of  Abraham  Pelcr>.  and  she  wa>  a 
n.osi  excellent  landlady.     The   tavern  is  rn,w  kei.t  by 

The  "Half-Way  House"  was  built  about  the  year 
1820,  on  the  river,  midway   between  C'olumbia  and 
;\Iarietta.    It  was  built  to  accommodate  the  rivermen,  1 
who  followed  a  foot-path  along  the  side  of  the  hill  I 
fronting  the  river,  on  their  return  from  Port  Deposit  ' 
or  Columbia.   Tlie  only  road  to  the  tavern  ran  up  the 
ravine  in  the  rear  of  the  tavern  to  ChikLs  Hill.     It  | 
was  a  secluded  and  wild  looking  place.     Parties  of  j 
gentlemen   from  Columbia   and  Marietta  frequently 
went  there  to  get  a  "  cattish  dinner."    Dancing  parties 
were  not  infrequent.     The  young  men  and  girls  often  - 
came  down  from  Chestnut  Hill  to  have  a  frolic  there. 

John  Kelly  was  probably  the  first  landlord  there  > 
after  the  completion  of  the  turnpike  between  Colum-  j 
bia  and  JIarietta.  A  few  years  before  the  con.^truction 
of  the  Pennsylvania  Canal  the  drive  along  the  river 
was  the  most  attractive  in  the  county.  Tha  road-bed 
was  very  nearly  level,  and  there  was  a  great  deal  of 
travel  along  it,  which  gave  the  tavern  more  impor- 
tance than  it  deserved.  The  property  was  purchased 
by  Peter  Haldeman  about  1885,  and  not  long  after 
converted  into  a  private  dwelling. 

Mountville,  the  second  town  in  population  in  ((he 
township  (the  first  being  Columbia),  was  hiiil  out  by 
Isaac  Rohrer,  of  Lampeter  township,  who,  on  the 
nth  day  of  January,  1814,  on  the  Lancaster  and  Su- 
quehanna  turnpike,  four  miles  east  fnun  the  river, 
into  one  hundred  and  thirty  building  lots,  which  he 
disposed  of  by  lottery.  He  named  the  place  Mount 
Pleasant,  because  of  its  situation,  which  is  upon  an 
elevation  tliakj  commands  a  view  of  the  surrounding 
country  in  every  direction.  There  is  no  more  healthy 
or  desirable  |)lace  to  live  than  in  this  village,  which 
lias  not  grown  as  fast  as  it  deserveil  to  do. 

There  were  two  lots  reserved  for  public  u-e  on  a 
hack  street,  in  Ihe  vsestcrn  part  of  the  town,  npon 
which  wa-,  built  the  tir-t  church,  which  »as  erected 
with  money  raised  by  lottery.  Tlie  nieeling-lion>e 
was  not  the  exclusive  property  of  any  particular  de- 
nomination, but  each  could  worship  there  if  they  saw- 
fit.  It  was  also  used  for  school  purposes,  and  during 
the  era  of  lyceums  lectures  were  held,  and  often  de- 
bates followed  for  the  entertainment  and  profit  of  the 
[leople.  Public  meetings  were  often  held  in  it.  Jlore 
])retentious  church  buildings  have  been  Imilt  along 
the  main  streets,  since  which  time  the  little  (dd  frame 
meeting-house  has  been  abandoned,  and  allowed  to 
go  to  decay.  Some  years  ago  Isaac  Rohrer,  who  was 
then  living  in  the  State  of  Ohio,  conveyed  the  public 
ground  n]M)n  which  it  stood  to  trustees,  for  the  use  of 
the  iidialiitants  of  the  iilace. 


Isaac  Rohrer  erected  the  first  building  in  the  place, 
a  house  of  entertainment,  or  hotel,  into  which  he 
moved  as  soon  as  it  was  completed.  It  stood  upon 
lot  No.  J,  at  a  point  wdicre  the  old  road  leading  from 
Columbia  to^Christian  Iluber's  mill  diverged  to  the 
northeast.  It  was  a  famous  hotel  in  its  day,  and  at 
one  time  .lid  a  very  large  l.UMne>s.  It  was  kept  also 
bv  Adam  llair  aLid  Cyru-  Shaelfer,  whu^e  adminis- 
trators sold  it  t.,  Jacob  Illetz  in  1S:U,  who  sold  it  to 
John  Yahn,  whose  son  now  owns,  and  in  connection 
with  the  hotel,  keeps  a  drovevard,  and  deals  largely 
in  cattle. 

The   "Swan"    Hotel,   which   is   situated    near  the 

centre  of  the  place,  was  built  l.iy  Bender  soon 

after  the  town  was  laid  out.  In  the  year  1835  it  was 
purchased  by  Mr.  Fridy,  who  ke]>t  it  fur  thirty  years. 
It  is  now  owned  by  Jacob  Witmer. 

Physicians. — Dr.  John  Kaulfman  a 
janiin  Kanffman,  wdio  came  from  Man 
practiced  successfully  for  some  years.  '1 
to  the  State  of  Ohio. 

Dr.  Benjamin  Green,  a  (Quaker,  who  removed  from 
Washington,  in  Manor  townshiii,  about  the  year  18ol, 
to  this  place,  practiced  medicine  for  a  few  years.  He 
came  very  near  losing  his  life  by  going  down  a  well 
which  was  filled  with  foul  air  to  re.>cue  another  per- 
son. He  was  brought  to  the  surface  in  an  insensible 
condition.  It  is  supposed  that  he  never  entirely  re- 
covered from  its  ell'ects,  for  he  diil  not  live  long  there- 
,  after. 

He  was  followed  by  Dr.  A.  K,  Rohrer,  who  is  still 
in  full  practice.     (See  medical  chapter.) 

Dr.  T.  M.  Livingston  has  a  large  practice  and  is  a 
successful  physician.     (See  medical  chapter.) 

Schools.— There  are  two  large  brick  school  build- 
ings and  three  schools.     The  schools  itre  graded,  and 


.nd  Dr.  Beu- 
lor  township, 
rhey  removed 


]iresided   over  by   good 

eachers,  who   have  won    an 

honorable  place  in  the  fr 

.ut  rank  among  the  teachers 

in  the  county.     The  -ive 

rage  attendance  i>  one  bull- 

dred and  fifty  scholars. 

Churches.— The   Tni 

ed    Bictbreii    have-  a    large 

brick  meeting-hon-e  whi 

b  >l:,n.l.  on  the  main  .-treet. 

and  is  pre^ided  ..ver  l.\ 

Kev.  .M.  ,1.  Mumnia.     It  is 

lar-elv   attendcl    not  on 

y   by   persons   living  in  the 

iDwn.but  Irnm  the  neigl 

bcubood.     The  congregation 

ere  is  also  a  Sunday-school 

attached  to  the  church. 

The  Mennondtes  have  t 

rcc-tcd  a  large  brick  meeting- 

house  one   square  uortl 

of  the   main   street.     It   i= 

largely   attended  by   mt 

mbers  of  that  society   who 

live  in  the  neighborhooc 

.     (See  eljiapter  on  Mennon- 

ite  Churches.) 

Prominent    Settlers. 

—  Daniel    M'.     Witmer    was 

elected   to   a   seal    in    lb 

.   (Jeiieral    .\s-einbly   Ibr  the 

years    1848-49   npuu    tli 

c    .\nli-MaM>iiie    and    Whig 

ticket,   and    has   been    ; 

director    of  the   Columbia 

National   Bank   f,.r  ma. 

y   year..     He  is  one  of  the 

wealthiest  citizen^  in  th 

■  township. 

John  iM.  (ireidei  is  a 

Icscciidaiit  of  Hans  Greider, 

HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


wlio  srttlcMl  on  the  (■.,nust.,-a  in  1717.  Hf  w:,s  l,.,rn 
in  Wc-t  Ileniiiliulii  tnwn.-lii|i,  an. I  ua-,  M^nt  lu  ihu 
conininn  schools  „1  the  m-iiililM.rlio,,.l,  and  s,..in  led 
all  llie  l.uys  in  l.is  cla.-s.  He  ha. I  M-areely  altaine.l 
lii>,  niai..iity  when  he  l.eeanie  a  l.a.her,  lor  whirl, 
calling  his  talent.s  litte.l  liim.  He  Mn.li.^l  .nrveyin-. 
to  which  he  gave  a  gieat  .ieal  nl  hi-  atlenti..n,  an.l  he 
WHS  cnuiiiellcd  to  give  up  hi-,  selio.il.  He  seivi.l  sev- 
eral terms  us  justice  ol'  the  iicace.  Fur  ii  i)cri(jil  of 
several  years  he  had  cliarge  of  the  county  treasury 
ollice,  and  subsequently  was  clerk  I'.ir  the  county  coni- 
niisM(,ners.  He  ha.  sHih-d  u|.  numerous  estates,  and 
in  th.-e  |,.,Mti,.,isot  tin-t  h,-  has  ae.|uitte.l  himself 
with  h.MK.r. 

Sam  .Matt  Fridy  is  one  of  the  most  promiuent  and 
inlluential  citizens  in  the  village.  He  was  born  in 
the  t.iwuship  about  forty-five  years  ago,  and  received 
his  e.lucatinn  in  the  common  schools  of  the  neighbor- 
IukmI.  He  was  a  bright  and  apt  scholar,  and  very 
early  in  his  career  displayed  a  wonderful  talent  for 
penmanship,  excelled  by  few  persons  in  the  State. 
When  he  attained  his  majority  he  removed  to  Wash- 
ington City,  and  commenced  to  make  his  own  way  in 
the  world.  At  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  given  a 
position  in  the  State  department  at  Harrisbnrg  as 
coninii»ion  clerk,  and  remained  there  si.xteen  years. 
In  l.ssl  he  was  elected  ])rotlionotary. 

"Crow  Hill,"  a  hamlet  of  a  dozen  houses,  is  situ- 
ate<l  upon  a  hill  on  the  road  leading  from  Mountville 
to  Petersburg,  about  one  mile  from  the  former  place. 
It  commtinds  a  fine  view  of  the  valley  in  a  southeast- 
ern direction.  The  peojjle  are  industrious  and  frugal 
in  their  habits.  They  cultivate  sjuall  lots  of  from 
one-half  to  two  and  three  acres  of  ground,  ujion 
whic'h  they  raise  small  jjatcbes  of  tobacco  and  vege- 
tables, and  ii.niltry  fur  the  market  at  Columbia  and 
Laneasler.  Tiie  hill  huek  of  the  Jilace,  which  is 
c.vered  with  a  thick  i;r..wlh  of  chestiuit  tindier,  has 
liiia   the   i^'s.irt    fur   ni.iny   y.ais  .if  va>l    numbers   of 


The  place  tak 

s  its  nann 

Kinderhook 

i.-'tnut    Hill   <i 

the    pul.l 

.1  ll 


Co- 
Ill 


■at 


11   that  iR 

ighl,.,rhood, 

lanied    t 

le   hanile 

r,  and  th 

e  Whigs  and 

Kei.ubl 

cans  hav 

ble   to   gc 

t   the   name 

changed 

althoug 

n  eflurt   i 

la.le   simie   \ 

ears   ago 

to   do    Sf 

hern 

slope  of 

lia. 

)n  Nov. 

■  W'a. 

hington 

11   Fi 

rry,  the 

liltv 

icres  of 

1  p.Ul 

ids,  and 

re.l  a 

nd  eight 

p..n   tl 


in  his 

not  b( 

there  ' 

The  village  contains  two  or  three  iln/.e 

tered  over  the  hill.    There  is  an  eli'gan 

heart  of  the  village  wdiicli    sii|)plics   i 

with  fresh  water. 

Hiestandville  is  situated  on  the  so: 
Chestnut  Hill,  f.nir  miles  east  ..fColui 
•2,  1791,  Havi.l  an.l  .Mag.lal.'na  F.irrv, 
County,  M.l.,  and  a  .lescendant  ..f  .1. 
jiioneer  settler,  sold  two  hundre.l  an 
land  to  Jacob  Hiestand  for  eight  hun.li 
on  April  1,  1811,  he  purchased  one  hui 
acres  of  land  from  Frederick  (iranni 
land  he  Laid  out  a  town,  which  he  named  alter  liiiu- 
self  in  l.Sn.  Each  lot-holder  was  entitled  to  a  half 
or  an  acre  of  ground.  A  number  of  lots  were  sold, 
and  comfortable  log  or  frame  dwellings  were  erected 
upon  them.  The  village  has  not  improved  much 
until  recently,  when  several  comfortable  frame  houses 
have  been  erected.  There  is  a  large  brick  school- 
house-at  its  southern  limits.  It  has  been  the  resort 
for  whipporwills  in  the  neighborhood  for  many  years, 
and  the  vilhige  has  been  nicknamed  "  WliippO(nwill- 
town,"  by  which  name  it  is  more  generally  known 
than  by  the  proper  one.  Its  inhaljitants  are  indus- 
trious and  frugal.  The  few  acres  they  own  have  been 
planted  in  tobacco  or  with  vegetables  cultivate. 1  f.ii 
the  Columbia  an.l  Lancaster  markets.  The  jLipula- 
tion  is  about  oin'  hunilre.l  and  fiftv. 


Silver    Spring-    is   a    beanlirnl    villa-e    whii 
turnpike,  ami  is   h.eate.l  alii.iil   live  miles  ami 


h.Mises.     After 
nihia  Railroad, 


BlOnUArilKWL     SKETCHES. 

sAMi :i;i.  .si'i:ii.MA.\  II  \i,iJi:.\iAX. 

Samuel  Stehman  Hahleman  was  hi.rii  Aug.  12, 
lcSl2,  at  hoenst  (Jr.ne,  Lancaster  0.>.,  I'a.,  a  familv 
liomestead  lieautifully  situated  on  the  eastern  hank 
of  theSusiiuehanna  River,  twenty  miles  below  liar- 


isburg.     He  was  the  oldest  of.,seven  sons  of  Henry 

lal  .lii-.-.li.m    imlil    Ihe  w1„,1l-  .list'ui.e  was  lure,  en.leav..,.-.l   t.,    Ibster  a   love  of  learning   \n   his 

uilh   ..iinf..ilal.l,-   h..me-,  snrr..un.l..l   with  ehil.lreii  an.l    I.,  give   them   every  e.lueathmal  a.lvaii- 

is  an.l  yar.ls.      I'he  p..pnlali.Hi  i..  ah. .lit  ..ne  ^  tage  in  his  power.      His  h.jiis.-  was  well  suppli.'.l  with 

in.l    titty  s.,nls.     There    is   a    large    loha.-.o  |  books   on   general    literatmv,    a    pair   ..f  ghilies,    an.l 

,  .-..al-yai-.l.   tavern, -St.. r.',   hlaeksii, ill,    ami  I  other    evidences     ot     r.liii.iuent.       .Mr.    HaMenian's 

ker  sh.ips,-aii.l   <-al.im-t-niak,'r  sh„|,   in   the  '  mother  was   a   hi.lv   ..I'  attainiiienls,  hut   .lying   when 

.1  a  large  brick  seh...d-honse.  ^  he  was  scarcely  twelve  years  ol.l   ha.l    little  iiitluenee 


s..').//./^,.^.,. 


WEST    HEMPFIKLI)   TOWiNSHlP. 


?83 


his   L'leal 


itol 


•k,  o|-  ul 


iijion  liis  after  career,  c-\ci-|it  tli 
of  ear  in  drtectiiifr  ami  analyzi 
language  may  have  hei'ii  iiih( 
was  an  acconiplislicd  Miii>ieian. 

Tlie  l)oy's  eiUieatinn  he-jan  ul 
small,  square,  log  buiUlirvj-  [it  (' 
a  Mr.  Jeffries  was  nia^trr.  ha.l  ll.e  houur  ,.f  lir>t  re 
eeivins  liini.  An  inci.lenl  »lii.l.  n,  eurre.l  there,  re- 
lated l.v  Mr,  Daniel  lOn^h,  iun  ..f  awdl  to-d.,  larnur 
o(  the  neiL'hl,.,rh.H>d,  i,  tv|.iral  :  -lie  was  i„v  .K>k- 
mate.  When  we  llrst  met  li,-  eeilld  read  ICi.Llid,. 
and  I,  ni,t  t„  be  (lUtdoiu-,  tuM  him  1  e.ml.l  spell  in 
German.  He  asked  nie  to  teaeh  him,  which  I  did.  ' 
The  tinknown  had  always  great  attraeti.m,  lui  .Mr. 
llaldeinan,  and  his  scdiolarly  curiosity  e-xtended  in 
every  direetion,  causing  a  friend  onee  to  exclaim, 
'■  Yon  have  the  greatest  amount  of  ont-of-the-waij 
hwwleihie  I  ever  knew  any  one  to  posse.ss." 

Though  precocious  at  lessons,  young  Haldeman 
was  a  hearty,  active  lad,  fond  of  out-door  life,  shoot- 
ing, fisiiing,  trapping,  riding,  and  swimming  with  his 
brothers  and  companions,  thereby  securing  a  good 
constitution  and  founding  habits  of  observation  which 
were  afterwards  api>lied  to  the  study  of  the  sciences. 
At  an  early  date  he  amused  himself  examining  the 
objects  of  natural  history  about  his  home,  and  formed 
a  small  cabinet  of  rude  anatomical  preparations  made 
from  rabbits,  possnnis,  niii-kr:it>,  and  ol'  lord-,  whicli 
a  traveling  Methodist  preacli>-r  had  taught  him  how 
to  stulf.  A  letter  to  a  friend,  dated  1844,  contains 
these  words:  "I  collected  shells  on  the  banks  of  the 
Susquehanna  long  before  I  knew  the  meaning  of  genus 
and  species."  That  he  was  an  accurate  observer  two 
facts,  then  new  to  science  and  discovered  by  liim,  will 
show,  viz.,  the  jiercgrine  falcon  of  this  country  nests 
in  rocks  as  in  Europe,  and  the  eagle  when  unable 
to  rob  the  fish-hawk,  will  himself  dive  for  prey. 

In  the  spring  of  1820,  when  nearly  lourtecn  years 
of  age,  Mr.  llal^eman  was  sent  to  the  classical  acad- 
emy of  Dr.  John  Miller  Keagy,  of  Harrisbiirg,  Pa. 
His  appreciation  of  this  gentleman's  ability  was 
afterwards  shown  by  several  tributes  to  bis  memory 
preserved  resjieclively  in  Mombert's  "  History  of 
Lancaster  County,"  ISli'J,  liarnard's  Journal  of  Educa- 
tion, 1871,  and  the  ]'eunsiiliiuii<i  School  Journal,  1875. 
Besides  the  classical  languages.  Dr.  Keagy  knew 
Hebrew,  German,  and  b'rciicli.  and  in  the  absence  cd' 
textbooks  on  those  subjects  he  taught  the  natural 
sciences  orally  in  an  excellent  conversational  style. 

Mr.  Haldeman  remained  under  the  care  id'  Dr. 
Keagy  two  years,  and  then  weid  to  Dickins<m  College, 
Carlisle,  Pa.  But  though  he  found  a  congenial  friend 
in  one  of  the  faculty,  Prol'essor  H.  D.  Kodgers,  subse- 
quently the  distinguished  geologist,  the  restraints 
of  a  college  course  were  irksome  to  a  mind  eager  to 
explore  and  to  originate  for  itself.  After  two  years, 
in  1830,  he  left  Carlisle  without  waiting  to  obtain  a 
degree,  but  in  good  staiKling,  as  a  lestimoinal  frimi 
the  president  shows. 


Mr.  Haldeman  left  college  at  the  age  of  eighteen, 
and  Iroin  that  lime  forth  directed  his  own  studies, 
lie  continued  his  collections  of  natural  history  at  the 
]>atcrnal  iVansion,  ailding  thereto  the  beginning  of  a 
.-cicnti  fu-  andjinguistie  library.  The  winters  of  IsfiS 
and  Us;;4  he  s[)ent  in  Philadelphia,  attending  lectures 
at  the  University  (d'  1  Vnnsvlvania,  especially  those 
on  Chemistry  ami  Analnmy.  Not  caring  to  enter 
any  id  the  learned  profc^Muns  then  known  (Ins  father 
desire.l  him  to  study  law,,  ami  his  real  future  having 
not  .levcloped  il-clf,  on  relnndng  from  Philadelphia 
lie  as-.i>ted  in  conducting  a  saw-mill  on  a  pnq.crty 
newly   ac.piired    by   his   lather,   called   at   that   time 

Though  energetic  and  diligent  in  this  undertaking, 
his  love  of  dollars  and  cents  was  never  strong  emnigh 
to  repay  him  for  the  time  spent  in  their  accumulation. 
He  says  of  himself  at  this  period,  "  I  preferred  rainy 
days  ami  muddy  roads,  when  purchasers  were  few,  and 
I  was  Icll  undisturbed  in  the  perusal  of  my  books,  a 
supply  of  wdiii  h  I  kept  in  a  back  otlice."  The  only 
business  letter  extant  addressed  to  Mr.  Haldeman  is 
from  a  creditor,  thanking  him  for  an  extension  of 
time  for  the  payment  of  a  note  then  due.  .\notIier 
anecdote  he  used  laughingly  to  relate  of  himself, — 
"I  was  elected  ami  reelected  director  of  a  bank  on 
several  occasion^,  .ind  niy  evident  pO]iularity  gave  me 
much  satisfaction,  untd   1   remembered  I   had  never 

Yet  he  showed  ipiick  jM-rceplion  and  good  judgment 

pecially  in  meidal  calculation,  anil  gave  sound  advice. 
He  inoposed  building  the  mill  without  inclosing  the 
saw- in  the  cumbersome  frame  so  long  in  vogue,  but 
even  then  discarded  in  the  West,  oti'eriug  to  go  out 
and  get  exact  information  on  the*  subject.  This  was 
considered  too  much  of  an  innovation  to  be  pernntted. 
He  uutde  ])ractical  suggestions  regarding  the  amount 
of  horse-power  neec-siwy  for  the  engine,  the  jiosition 
of  the  hot-ovens,  etc.,  during  the  erection  of  the  blast- 
furnace in  wdnch  he  was  partner,  and  other  methods 
failing,  his  were  adiqited.  His  papers  on  the  "Smelt- 
ing of  Iron  with  Anthracite,"  and  "On  the  Construc- 
tion of  Furnaces  to  Snudt  Iron  with  Anthracite,"  ]mb- 
lished  in  SillimaHS  Journal,  can  also  be  incnti.med  in 

He  designed    the    roideiice    built    for  him' by   bis 

plans  lor  the  builder.;  It  was  noticed  by  the  "  Pic'- 
torial  Sketcb-li.H.k  of  Pennsylvania"  as  "the  most 
stately  edilice  m  tlii-  part  of  the  coiintry,  eminently 
woitby  of  a  gentleman  ot  Ibrtune  and  cultivation. 
.  .  .  its  situation  unsurpassed  for  bold,  romantic  pro- 
lile  and  delightful  prospect."  I\Ir.  Haldeman  also 
laid  out  the  grouicK,  and  most  ,d'  the  trees  and 
shrubs,  tine  native  specimens  lioui  the  surrounding 
woods  or  foreign  varieties  imported  bv  It.irton,  of 
Pliiladelpliia,  were  planted  by  hi-  hands. 

In    ISoO,    Mr.    Haldeman    married    Miss    :\Iary    A. 


884 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Hough,  of  Biiinbridge,  P;i.,  a  descendant  of  John 
Hoiiirh,  yeoman,  of  Hough,  County  Chester,  Eng- 
land, and  Hannah,  his  wife,  who  arrived  in  the  river 
Delaware  in  the  Ninth  month,  1683.  A  lady  possess- 
ing beauties  of  mind,  heart,  and  person  to  an  unusual 
degree,  a  wife  devoted  to  her  husband's  interests,  who 
was  ready  and  able  to  take  ujjon  herself  the  direction 
of  family  affairs,  for  which  his  engrossing  pursuits 
left  him  less  leisure  year  by  year,  and  a  mother  whose 
children  can  "stand  up  and  call  her  blessed."  She 
died  in  1883. 

The  young  people  settled  at  Chiquesalungo,  wliere 
later  Mr.  Haldeman  entered  the  iron  business  as  a 
silent  partner  with  his  brothers,  Dr.  Edwin  Halde- 
man and  Mr.  Paris  Haldeman,  the  latter  being  now 
the  only  survivor. 

At  the  age  of  twenty-three,  the  year  of  his  mar- 
riage, Mr.  Haldeman  made  his  first  appearance  in 
print,  contributing  to  the  Lancaster  Jotirual  a  refuta- 
tion of  Locke's  "  Moon  Hoax."  Mr.  Haldeman  often 
quoted  the  French  aphorism,  "Style  is  tlie  man." 
His  grew  naturally  out  of  his  manner  of  investi- 
gating a  subject,  and  though  so  pronounced,  was 
never  cultivated.  In  presenting  his  idea  he  detested 
a  word  or  sentence  that  could  be  avoided.  "Spare 
your  adjectives,"  was  the  advice  he  once  gave  a  young 
author,  and  "  Eloquence  is  fraud,"  is  another  of  his 
apt  sayings. 

From  this  date  onward,  Mr.  Haldeman's  life  was 
devoted  to  science.  For  forty-five  years  he  spent  mo.st 
of  the  time  in  his  library,  where,  during  his  vigorous 
manhood,  he  worked  sixteen  hours  a  day  ;  for  though 
lie  acceiited  several  professorships,  and  delivered  a 
number  of  courses  of  lectures,  he  preferred  being 
master  of  his  own  movemcTits  in  the  quiet  of  home. 
Here  books  and  'cabinets  accumulated  under  his 
laborious  hands,  only  to  be  scattered  again  and  give 
place  to  others,  when  his  insatiable  appetite  for  knowl- 
edge led  hilli  into  new  fields  of  investigation.  He 
traveled,  but  it  was  Oiily  to  gather  material  for  further 
research.  His  work-room,  at  lir^t  in  thr  upi^er  stury 
of  the  southern  end  of  tlu-  hiiu-e,  was  ultn  wauls  tiaii--- 

ferred  to  thesame  position  in  the -tlHiii  end.    II.  r,- 

all  his  later  works  were  written.  A  lar.'e  clnnini- 
window  overlooks  the  busy  srcne  below.  The  reiin- 
sylvania  Canal  and  Railroad,  thriving  villages,  six 
smoking  furnaces,  all  rose  witliin  view  alter  lie  first 
took  up  his  pen.  Troubles  also  came,  years  of  finan- 
cial difficulty,  illness  from  overstudy,  the  death  of 
two  interesting  children.  These  deejjly  affected  his 
sympathetic  nature,  but  neither  cliange  from  within 
or  without  could  luin  liini  from  the  path  he  had 
chosen.  It.is  a  pleasnrr  U>  know  that  Dr.  Haldeman 
accomplished  his  task  as  few  are  able  to  do,  and  that 
he  lived  to  enjoy  the  reputation  he  so  nobly  won. 

In  1S3G,  ProfessorHaldemaii  became  assistant  on  the 
State  geological  survey  of  New  Jersey,  under  Professor 

was  transferred  to  a  similar  |io>ition  in  that  of  Penn- 


sylvania. His  field  of  operation  was  that  part  of  the 
State  lying  between  the  Blue  :Mountain  and  South 
xMountain,  from  the  Delaware  to  the  Maryland  line. 

Profess<jr  l>e-k-y,  the  present  State  geologist,  speaks 
highly  of  hj-  labors  in  this  direction,  the  section  gone 
over  by  him  containing  the  most  intricate  geology  in 
Pennsylvania.  Professor  Haldeman  also  did  much 
by  letters  public  and  private,  advice,  etc.,  to  promote 
the  survey  of  other  States,  notably  those  of  New  York 
and  New  Jersey.  While  engaged  in  this  occupation 
he  discovered  tlie  Sco/ithus  line/iris,  a  new  genus  ami 
species  of  fossil  plant,  and  the  must  ancient  organic 
remains  found  in  Pennsylvania,  upon  which  he  pub- 
lished a  monograph  in  lS4o. 

Geology,  however,  did  not  engross  his  wdiole  atten- 
tion. During  this  time  he  was  also  busy  collecting 
and  studying  shells,  the  result  of  which  was  brought 
out  in  1840  under  the  title  of  "  A  Monograph  of  the 
Fresh -Water  Univalve  Mollusca  of  the  United 
States."  The  completed  work  containing  nine  parts 
was  finished  in  1845,  and  was  illustrated  with  forty 
copperplate  engravings,  drawn  and  colored  from  the 
original  shells  and  living  animals.  The  Bei'uc  Xuo- 
Ingiijue  of  Paris  commended  it  as  "  very  well  done  in 
a  scientific  point  of  vii-w,  and  perfectly  executed  in 
regard  to  the  plates  ajid  typography."  Dr.  Gould, 
the  eminent  conchologist,  of  Boston,  wrote  of  it  in  a 
jirivate  letter:  "  I  liKiked  at  the  beautiful  pictures  till 
my  eyes  were  dazzled  and  then  read  the  text.  .  .  . 
This  most  splendid  work.  .  .  .  Everything  beautiful 
and  elegant."  lienjamin  Silliman,  o(  Sil/iman's  Jmi,-- 
lui/,  wrote  :  "  It  is  in  advance  of  any  similar  work." 

Dr.  Haldeman's  next  jniblication  on  shells  was  en 
titled  "  Jlonographie  du  genre  Leptoxis,  Paris,"  1.S47, 
with  five  plates  folio,  including  one  liundred  and  sev- 
enty colored  figures,  forming  part  of  Chenu's  mag- 
nificent "  Illustrations  Conchyliologi(pies,"  and  writ- 
ten in  French.  Of  this  F.  A.  Conrad,  an  authority  on 
these  subjects,  say.sr  "  I  rejoice  to  find  you  employed 
fur  Chenu's  book;  it  will  add  much  to  the  value  of 
anv  d.partiiuiit  of  it  yon   may  undertake,"  184.J.' 

la  ihr  list  ol  hi-  pulilications  (en  are  found  devoted 

sililt-  t.>  ;i--i"ii  iM-rioiU  to  hi-  studies.     The  one  seems 


I  ten 


A- 


lated  on  a  subject  Ik'  took  it  up,  invsti-atud  it  to  his 
satisfaction,  'and  piilili-licd  the  result,  .-o  that  tlie 
dates  of  his  variou-  contributions  frequently  overlaj) 
each  olhei.  'fliu-,  «  hile  engaged  in  geology,  he  was 
preparing  his  work  on  shells,  anrf,  when  in  the  midst 
of  his  conchology  (1844),  he  issued  a  communication 
on  "Species  and  their  Distribution"  that  ojicncd  a 
question  ■which  has  recently  developed   into  uloit   is 


WEST   HEMPFIELD   TOWNSHIP. 


Haldeman's  able  pajier  in  the  preface  of  his  "  Origin 
of  Species,"  p.  vii.  As  this  topic  has  received  niueli 
attention,  Mr.  Haldeman's  opinion  is  given  in  t'nll : 

"  Although  we  may  not  be  able,  artificiiilly,  to  |ir<i- 
duce  a  change  beyond  a  given  point,  it  wnul.l  be  a 
hasty  inference  to  suppose  that  a  physical  agi-iit,  act- 
ing gradually  for  ages,  could  not  carry  the  variation 
a  step  or  two  further,  so  that  instead  of  the  original 
one  we  will  say  four  varieties,  they  might  amount  to 
six,  the  sixth  being  sufficiently  unlike  the  earlier 
ones  to  induce  a  naturalist  to  consider  it  distinct." 

Not  satisfied  with  having  mastered  two  important 
brandies  of  science,  he  appeare<l,  in  184:i,  with  a 
"Catalogue  of  the  Coleoptera  of  Southeastern  Penn- 
sylvania:" Proceedings  of  the  Academy  of  Natural 
Sciences,  p.  2115.  Tlie  same  year  he  writes  a  friend  : 
"I  have  learned  enough  of  entomology  to  know  that 
a  person  may  make  a  good  conchologist,  who  would 
have  made  a  vrry  ordinary  entomologist."  The  next 
year  Uv  writo:  "I  intend  to  devote  myself  almost 
exclusively  to  this  branch  of  zoology  liereafter,  and 
am  gradually  acquiring  a  good  entomoli)gical  li- 
brary." Again  the  same  year:  "I  collected  2f).'((i 
specimens  last  season  in  all  the  order.-.,  but  |.>riiiri. 
pally  coleoptera,  with  about  300  hymenoplira  ;"  and 
again,  "So  much  of  my  time  is  occupied  with  insert^, 
and  so  little  with  shells,  that  I  have  sult'ercd  your 
last  to  lay  quite  a  Iohl'  time  unan-wercd," 

About' this  time  Mr.  IlaMeman,  with  Dr.  Mei- 
sheimer,  of  Vork  County,  Pa.,  D.Zeigler,  Esq.,  of 
York,  and  l)r.  Morris,  of  Baltimore,  formed  the 
Entomological  Society  of  Pennsylvania.  Thcve  gen- 
tlemen met  every  two  weeks  at  the  residence  of  eacli 
other  in  turn,  Mr.  Ilaldeman  driving  to  York  County 
at  all  times  of  the  year  t.>  be  present  when  the  meet- 
ings were  held  th(  rr.  'I'ln^  ~mitty  w:i>  the  fir.-l  fur 
advancing  the  study  of  Ihi^  l.iancli  c.f  /iMib.L'y  in  tlic 
States,  where  now  entoii.uiu-i--t>  can  be  counted  \>\ 
the  hundrciL  and  each  meinlicr  (jf  it  has  put  some 
good  work  on  record.  His  |/riiicip:il  riituiiiobigiial 
writings  are  "Materials  toward  a  Uistnry  of  I'oleop- 
terous  Longicornia  of  the  I'niled  States,"  eorree 
tions  and  additi(jNs  to  this  ]iaper,  "Descriptions  of 
North  American  Coleoptera,"  and  others,  making 
twenty-three  papers  in  all.  Of  these,  Pev.  Dr.  Mor- 
ris, of  Baltimore,  an  eminent  entomologist,  has  re- 
corded, "They  give  evidence  of  patient  ari;ilysis  and 
sharp  discrimination,  and  are  profitably  consulted  by 
investigators  nt'  the  present  day." 

consistsoflwonapei-  oil  araeliiioida',  live  on  eiiistaeea', 


d   w, 


I  logy 


iistry. 
^  rocks 


A  proposition  being  made  for  him  to  edit  a  maga- 
zine devoted  to  natural  history  in  1843,  he  writes 
thus:  "You  may  think  the  assertion  a  strange  one, 
but  I  \uoiild  not  have  time  to  conduct  such  a  work, 
lirtweeii  studying  general  zoology,  collecting, -dip- 
ping into  fJerman,  and  writing  lectures,  my  time  is 
pretty  well  occupied,  and  if  I  had  more  to  spare  I 
could,  I  think,  employ  it  better  in  original  research." 
He  was  now  lecturing  in  public,  having  been  chosen 
Professor  of  Zoology  in  the  Franklin  Institute  of 
Philadelphia  in  1842.  These  lectures,  with  the  iiu- 
menms  illustrative  drawings  accompanying  them, 
were  lost  later  by  fire. 

And  now,  having  i-eached  a  staii.l-point  from  which 
he  could  proceed  without  fear  of  the  stumbling-blocks 
in  the  way  of  first  efforts,  being  looked  upon  as  an 
authority  on  all  the  subjects  he  had  treated,  and  after 
spen<ling  fifteen  years  in  unremitting  toil,  one  would 
suppose  Professor  Haldeman  satisfied  to  rest  on  his 
laurels.  Yet  what  he  considered  his  greatest  triumphs 
were  won  in  quite  a  dilferent  field. 

It  is  astonishing  that  one  man  could  give  attention 
to  .so  nianv  abstruse  brauelicsof  learning  and  with  .so 
much   sueees-  at   the   same   time.      Later   he   said,  "  I 

His  i.rivate  letters  show  that  he  cmiL-eived  the  idea 
of  sluilying  language  in  a  philosoi)hical   manner  at 


an  earlv  date. 

At  o 

le  time  he 

bought  seriously  of 

applying  fur  a 
tact  with  the  i 

.  Indi 

atives 

n  agency,  i, 
tor  tl„s  pu, 

order  to  be  in  con- 
po-e.      When  asked 

to  accept  a  p, 
the   Dead   Sea 

-ItloH 

liedh 

m  Capt,  Lv 

's'!me'hlient'i!'m    iii 

••.Vs   sounds   eannol    be  conveyed   except   orally,   I 
ameonv.need   that  a  universal   alphabet   can   ,mly  be 

prepared   alter   a   earelul   , iparisori  of  many   living 

laii-uag.>,  and  the  place  to  elfeet  this  is  at  Pome, 
where  one  hundred  ditlerent  languages  and  dialects 
are  taught  in  the  missionary  college,  and  at  the  last 
public  exhibition  addresses  were  delivered  in  forty- 
six  languages  or  dialects.  .  .  .  Thestudy  of  the  mod- 
ern languages  in  connection  with  Latin  would  have 


.grapby, 


,e  .Natural  Order  of  the  .\, 


'J-hey  (the  lectures)  would 


836 


HTSTOllY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 

i;in  liiniruaires,  !  deiitthted  to  : 


pretty   full   (cif  sduikK)   fidiii  our   fiKliun  languages,  !  delighted  to  see  how  the  pronunciation  of  Latin  haa 

eight  ol'  uhitli  I  1ki\i-  liianl  s|i.iki-ii  hy  the  natives,  changed  since  you  took  hold  ol' it.    I  think  the  victory 

and   five   by   whiles   wlio   li.tve   lireii   amongst  them,  j  is  substantially  won  for  the  Roman  method,  but  our 

But  so  nice  are  the  distinctions  lu  be  taken  into  ac-  !  book-makers  will  need  adimmition  for  some  time  yet." 

count  in  the  pronunciation  of  word-,  n.4  familiar  to  '  His  Jiext  v.jhime  of  imiMiilance  was  "The  Tccvel- 

us  that  I  place  little  value  upon  the  latter.'"  |  yan  I'ri/.e  K^-ay,"  Is.'.s,  pmili-hed  under  the  name  ol 

But  he  did   not  iiuuiediately  give  up  natural  sci-  ;  "Aiialylie    Ortho-raphy  :     an    Livestigalion    of    the 

ence.    lu  1849  he  publi-bed  a  paper  "  On  Some  Points  j  fSnun. Is   nf  Ibe    llumau   Voiee,"   in   1800.     This   was 

of  Linguistic  Ethnology,"  and  at  the  annual  scientific  j  uiidertakeu  at  the  rei|uest  of  his  wife,  and  gained  a 

convention  hehl  at  Cambridge  that  year,  after  speaking  prize  ollered  by  Sir  Walter  Trevelyan,  of  England, 

on  language,  he  gave  a  description  of  two  new  insects,  i  over  si.>cteen  competitors,  who  were  among  the  best 

However,  constant  use  of  the  niicroscoi)e,  incessant  I  European    philologists.     This   work    contains   speci- 

work,  and  late   hours   began  to  injure  his  eyesiglit,  ^  mens   <if  about    -evenly    hirii.Mia'.;es   ami    dialects    as 

and  forced  liim  to  abandon  this  line  of  investigation.  |  heard  from  the  lips  ul  the  natives  theui-ielves. 

Tlie  two  subjects  run  parallel   until   lSo2,  the  date  of  ■  One  oC  tli..  jud-e-  of  tlie  eoinmittee  to  decide  upon 

his  last  paper  in    ibe   natural   scieiiee-,.  eutilled  '■  /.(.-  '  the  p,.per^  M-nt  in  for  e,)i,ipetition,  Alexander  J.  Ellis, 

ology  of  the  Valley  of  the  fireat  Salt   Lake,  In-eet-,  of  London,   hiui-elf  taiiiou,   in   these    matters,   wrote 

Utaii,  1852."  i  of  it  in   the  lollowiu-  lerm,:   -  I  found  it  one  of  the 

An  amusing  anecdote  i.  related  in  tlii- eoniieetion.  greatest   intelleelual    treat,   wliieli    I   have    had    for  a 

1-  .1  I  .■  .   .     1-  I   1 i:...  .        r    1 1.. 


About  1871,  when  altending  the  annual  nu'elin; 
phonologists  at  Hartford,  a  young  entomologist,  \ 
had  begun  the  study  after" Dr.  Haldeman^had 
it,  and  who  knew  him  only  as  a  writ 
commenced  speaking  at  dinner  (jf  an 
in  that  locality.  Prol'e,-oi  Halden 
rected  the  way  he  pronouneeil  it-  na 
man  objected  to  the  correction,  and 
iiunciation  in  a  long  argument.  'I'h 
with  a  twinkle  in  his  eye,  let  him  p 
ished,  then  answered  .piietly,— 

"Well,  I  called  it  so  when  f  named  it." 

"Y.pul   di.l  you  .leserilu-  if.'" 

"  II'  you  refer  to  your  books  you  will  liiul  I  ; 
credited  with  it,  and  vou  know  a  man  ..bjeels  to  In 
iug  his,,wn  .■hildren'ill  Ireate.l." 

The  uere..ily  ot  h.iviug  -ome  deliuite  al|dial,et 
which  to  euuvey  the  unwritten  sound-  of  the  ahiu- 
inal  languages  lie  was  stmlying  led  Dr.  Ifaldeman 
turn  to  Lut^i  as  most  universally  known.  'I'he  res 
of  this  lab.u-  was  given  to  the  world  in  tin-  "Elem.- 
of  Laliii  I'ronuueialbni,"  IS",?.  i'he  work  was  i 
tieed  lavoiMldy  liy  a  few  reviewers,  but  the  gene 
public  reiiniiuetl  unaware  of  its  value.     Twenty  yc 

level,  praises  of  this  work  poured  in  upon  him. 

One  enthusiastic  g.uileman.  1'io|;-mu-  Kuhards, 
of  Kenluekv,  who   imd   L.-en   annouUed  l.y    llie  Si 


of  the  oil 
secrecy  \vt 


sed 


but  as  no  conditio 
I  may  state  thai  I 


on  language,  ;  given  my  \oie  lor  ii 

sect  he  found  '  Five   years    lati.r 

gently    cor-  j  Words,"  which   elai 

.   .The  young  !  of  one  hundreil  tlioi 

diel.l   hi"s  pro-   '  tieed   in   the    fon/,',„ 

Id    naturalist,   !  I'^tw:   "Mr.  Halden: 

eed  until  lin-  ganllv-pnnled  volui 

:  complele,  and   exliai 


,il.  Uselul    work.    .    .    , 
anatie  and  thoion-h 


Kporhe    .Marhellde-    Ih 
sindenl  .>f  laiglish  wlia 

.o-il,le    to  notiee  all    Di 


id   ri:.:lit   to 
lispeiisable 


llaldema 


"  I'ennsy 
of  the  PI 


to  ! 


U'e-  ol 

the  1  'n 

led  Stales, 

d    upo 

.    .Ml.   1 

aldeman's 
o,ll,o.-py 

•nvial 

Iter.      5 

'nil  set  this 

lia  Dutch"  was  preiiared  at  the  re(|Uest 
.ogical  Society  of  London,  and  ajipeared 
itliuesof  Etymology"  was  issued  in  1877, 
liiii;"  in  Is.sl.  His  wanks  on  language 
v.i  ihiiH  tilhs.  Ill-  had  also  formally 
plaled  wrilin.u  an  etvmological  diction- 
done  nineh  work  towards  this  end,  which 
ive  to  linisli.  He  (^  as  in  eoi  resp.mdence 
nd  that  veteran  er.Mlits  him 
delinitnm-  in  hi-  dieliunary. 
Ihe  "  .N.alional    Dieliouarv," 


Web-t, 


W( 


WEST   HExMPFIELD   TOWNSHIP. 


887 


He  was  one  of  tlie  earlif^-t  in  ibis  country  to  ujjitate 
the  iiei'i-^ity  of  a  ^pi'llini;-  ref  inn.  "  Ilr  wa.-i  :i  nieni- 
l,er  in  lS7o,"  writrs  riotr-,^nr  F.  A.  .March,  ot  La- 
fayette ('olU-ire,  -of  the  lir,t  eonnnittee  rai-eil  liy  the 
American  I'liih, logical  Association  to  coiisiaer  the  re- 
form of  iMi^lisji  >i,cllin.L'.  He  pre-idecl  at  the  Inter- 
national Convention  in  h.-half  of  the  Ainemiment  of 
En-lish  Orth..-ra|.hy,  hchl  at  I'liila^lelphia  in  July, 
lS7i;,  anil  took  a  lea.lin^^  part  in  shapin--  its  i.roceed- 
ing-s.  Al  tills  convention  llie  .Spellin-  Kelurni  Asmi- 
ciati(ni  was  organized,  and  Dr.  Hahlenian  was  one  <if 
tlie  vice-presidents.  He  was  also  (uie  of  the  coin- 
luittee  on  tlie  alphabet  and  on  new  spelling.  He  was 
a  regular  attendant  at  all  accessible  meetings  of  tlie 
association,  often  presiding,  always  contributing 
papers,  and  making  tiie  discussions  lively  hy  onstaut 
timely  comment,  learned,  trenchant,  and  niiilh-pr<>- 
voking.  He  also  contributed  freely  with  pen  and 
money  to  the  advancement  of  the  cause  in  every  di- 
rection. His  address  to  tlie  American  Pliilological 
Association  at  the  close  of  his  presidency  of  that  as- 
sociation in  1877  was  devoted  mainly  to  this  reform. 
He  was  strongly  iu  favor  of  pushing  for  the  thorough 
adoption  of  the  Continental  values  of  our  letters." 

In  1S.".1,  Dr.  Hahleman  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
British  and  .Vinerican  Phonetic  Council,  which  wa.s 
concerned  with  phonography,  pronunciation,  and  an 
improved  orthography  of  Engli.sh.  Here,  however, 
he  stood  alone  in  his  views.  "  lielieving  that  an  al- 
phabet sh.mld  be  cosmopolitan,  he  opposed  all  per- 
versions, and  would  have  everything  reduced  to  the 
Latin  standard,  even  to  assigning  the  power  of  Eng- 
lish W  to  V,  and  Y  to  J,  .-aying,  '  Any  course  but  one 
Ijroceeding  upon  some  such  broad  principle  of  justice 
would  tend  to  give  a  different  alphabet  to  every  lan- 
guage. Musicians  have  a  notation  which  is  imifurui 
thronghotit  the  world,  why  should  not  the  cnltivhtors 
of  literature  have  the  same?'  " 

As  early  as  IS.IO,  Mr.  llaldeman,  impatient  at  the 
slow  movemenr  of  the  uorhl  in  tlii.s  direction,  under- 
took a  spelling  rcfurni  in  his  own  writings,  sending 
in  his  contrilmtlons  to  Hecks  -  Iconographic  Ency- 
clopedia" clothed  m  the  new  i:uis,-.  A  friend,  l^jien- 
cer  F.  I'.aird,  now  .,f  the  ^r^inil  hsonian  Institution  of 
Washiivlon,  thus  de-erihes  the  elleet  it  produced: 
"Garigue  (a  puldisher  ..f  New  Voik  having  the  w. ok 

swears   at    the   orlhogiaphy,    uhieh    tu,,k    him    eiiihl 

the  greatest  interest,  and  is  mure  than  satished." 
This  same  (.hin-ue,  in  one  uf  his  letters,  thanks  .Mr. 
Hahleman  for  the  "love"  with  which  he  UMnked. 

Arclneology  was  the  latest  study  which  engaged 
Dr.  Haldeman's  attention.  Having  been  ordered  to 
take  e.vereise  for  his  health,  he  carried  out  a  design 
long  contemplated  nf  digging  for  Indian  relies  in 
what  is  11., w  known  as  the  Cliikis  Uock  Retreat. 
Here,  in  a  shallow  cave  f.irmed  bv  the  antielinal  axis 


he  found  the  interesting  collection  which  he  pre- 
sented to  the  Anieriean'  Philo-oidiical  S.,eiety,  and 
lully  descrihe.l  in  a  paper  read  before  that  body  dune 
■Jl,  1S7S.  .This    m.Mo.giaph,  "On    the   ( 'onleiits   of  a 

I  Pock  Ketreat  in  Soiith.astern  Pennsylvania,"  lias 
been  puldished  l,y  the  sueiety  since  1 1,-.  llal.lenian's 
death,  illustrated  by  hlleeii  large  .piarto  plates.  A 
first  brief  meniuir  on  this  discovery  had  been  sent  to 
the  Congres  International  des  Aniericaniste.s,  which 
met  in  the  (_;rand  Duchy  ot  Luxembourg  in  1S77,  and 

:  was  published  by  them  in  their  proceedings.  Seveu 
other  papers  were  published  by  him  on  archieology 

,  during  the  short  period  of  life  which  now  remained 
to  him. 

i  Under  the  head  of  miscellaneous  may  be  men- 
tioned "  Tonr.s  of  a  Chess  Knight,"  TSliT;  "  Rhymes  of 
the  Poets,"  ISGS  ;  "  Modern  Spiritism,"  Penn  Munthly, 
1877,  "American  Dictionaries,"  181)7;  "  Sketch  of 
the  Natural  History  of  Lancaster  County,"  18-14, 
liupp's  "  History  of  Liuicaster  County,"  chapter  xiii. ; 
"  Outline  of  the  Zoology  of  Pennsylvania,"  in  Trego's 
"Geography  of  the  State,"  IS-b'i,  and  about  thirty 
others. 

That  he  was  received  as  an  authority  by  authorities 
as  well  as  by  the  public  numerous  private  letters 
show.  He  was  credited  bv  Drs.  Holbrook  and  Bin- 
nev,  in  their  respective  w.irks  on  ■'  Iteptiles"  and 
"  Land  Molliisca,"  foi-speeiiueiis  and  note-  furnished. 
The  latter  asks  in  a  letter,  "  ( 'ould  ynii  iint  manage 
to  run  over  my  list  and  -ugue-l  anv  ehuiigesV'  P. 
A.  Brown,  1852,  write,:  "1  wish  you  weie  within 
speaking  distance,  so  tinit  nnpre  time  was  allowed  tliat 
I  might  submit  it  (his  nianuscri|)t)  to  you  before  pub- 
lishing." Agassiz,  18.^)3:  "I  long  to  see  your  work 
on  etymology.  I  have  always  been  delighted  with 
the  originality  with  which  you  treat  those  subjects;" 
and  again,  speaking  1..  Dr.  Hnlbrook  at  the  annual 
scientiHc  mectimr  held  al  Trnv,  .\.  V.,  that  year,  he 
sai.l,  "That  man  llaldem;,n  has  ;,n  idea  behind  every 
word  he  niters."  .-^eluh  He  Vere  acknowledges  his 
assistance  m  h  is  -  A  mencanisms,"  1,S7I:  "  .More  than 
<,iice  1  have  tried  to  sit  duwu  and  thank  you  fur  your 
last  and  most  v.iluable  euiilribution  to  my  collection 
of  Americ.uiisms." 

Letters  nf  iiepiiry  iVom  all  parts  u(  the  country,— 
publishers  asking  opinions  ,,f  lM>,,ks  ;    writers  begging 


lied 


•led; 


lelies    siihinitti 


d.le  style"  on 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Sweden,  Norway,  France,  Switzerland,  Geriiiaiiy, and  '  member  of  lyceums,  literary  societies,  and  college 
England.  ,  societies  through  all  the  States. 

.  He  returned  this  contldeiicc  in  his  knowledge  by  I  He  was  also  chosen  Professor  of  Zoology  in  tlie 
an  unbounded  liberality  in  giving  of  it  to  all  who  i  Franklin  Institute,  Philadelphia,  in  1S41  ;  chemi-t 
asked.  No  k-tt.r  remained  unanswered,  no  request  and  geologi-t  to  tlo-  I'timsylvania  State  Agricultural 
nnfilled  that  it  wa-  |io-sible  for  him  to  grant.  A  Society,  ISo-J ;  occupied  the  chair  of  Natural  Histcjry 
gentleman  uho  met  him  casually  when  traveling  in  in  the  Univer.-iity  of  Pennsylvania  from  18.50  to  lS.5:i; 
Mi>sis>i|.pi,  .r.  .^r.  Proton,  Esip,  wrote  in  ISr.O :  "I  :  the  .same  position  in  Delaware  College,  Newark,  1855- 
well  reuiember  your  ability  and  your  willingness  to  58,  ami  that  of  Coni|iarative  Philology  in  the  Uni- 
commnnicate  inlbrmation  to  the  ignorant  or  only  versity  of  Pennsylvania  iVom  187G  to  the  time  of  his 
partially  learned  (if  such  can  be  called  learned  at  death,  the  same  univeL-ity  eonlerring  upon  him  the 
all)  out  of  the  ricli  store-house  of  your  miml,  .  .  .  and      degree  of  Doctor  ol   Lau>. 

that  you  posse.ss  an  immense  amount  of  information  '  Professor  Haldeman  traveled  abroad  in  1859,  'Gl, 
in  detail— the  best  kind  of  information— on  almost  all  '62,  'G6,  and  75,  vi-iting  England,  Ireland,  Wales, 
subjects."  A  scholar  to  whom  he  lent  a  rare  book  ]  and  the  Continent,  lli^  time  was  spent  in  the  library 
thanks  him  in  these  words  :  "It  is  almost  my  bread  I  of  the  British  Mu-euui,  London,  the  Magazitje  and 
and  butter,  the  light  of  my  eyes,  and  the  .joy  of  my  Government  Libraries  in  I'mi-,  ;i[  the  Propaganda  in 
heart.  I  do  not  think  I  can  procure  another  copy  '  Rome,  about  old  book  >taIU  and  -hop^,  and  in  all 
either  for  love  or  ni.mev."  -Vnd  not  only  books  were  '  kinds  of  out  r,f  the  way  plaee^,  studyin-  languages, 
lent;  he  oiler-  .me  the  illu-lralion-  to  a  .et  of  lee-  dialects,  or  pi  ununeialions  In.m  the  natives  tbem- 
tures  he  was  then  delivering,  and  the  manu-cript  .,f  .selves,  none  of  uhich  e-c.ii>ed  bis  .en-itive  ear,  nor 
the  lectures  themselves,  modestly  adding,  "  If  you  could  not  be  reproduced  by  bis  llexiMe  organs  of 
tliink  it  proper  to  consult  them."  speech.     Thus  he  heanl  Hauaiian  at  Livei  po.d,  and 

He  took  great  interest  in  education,  and  in  bis  |  from  Queen  Emma  of  the  S.indwieh  Island-,  who  was 
young  days  was  always  ready  to  lecture  before  ly-  I  in  Loiuhm  at  the  time  of  lii-  vi-it  there  in  Ksi;r, ; 
ceums,  and  later  before  teachers'  institutes.  At  the  ]  Gudjerati  from  a  Parsee  in  P. iris,  ihe  languages  ol' 
meeting  of  the  Pennsylvania  State  Teachers'  Associ-  '  the  Tonga  Islands  and  Omrdish  Iroai  n.atives  study- 
ation  in  Washington  after  his  death  many  of  the  i  ing  at  the  Propaganda  College  at  Itonie. 
members  spoke  feelingly  of  the  assistance  he  had  ren-  '  Though  born  of  Protestant  parents,  Mr.  Haldeman 
dered  them.  was  a  sincere  and  practical    Catholic,  having   joined 

Yet  Pndessor  Haldeman   was   considered  a  severe      that  faith  after  due  consideration  when  about  the  age 
critic,  and  so  he  was  where  fal-eliood  and   pretension      of  thirty  ;   but  in  all  things  he  was  liberal, 
were  concerned  ;  but  be  was  as  rigid  with  himself  as  I       In  person  Mr.  llaldenmn  was  about  five  feet  seven 
with   others.     He  spared  no  labor  to    acquire   facts.  \  inches  high,  with  small,  well-lbrmed  hands  and   feet, 

;i  large  and  remarkably  round  head,  giving  great 
breadth  across  from  ear  to  ear,  high  liirehead,  itcjm.in 
nose,-full  lips,  black  eve-,  and  in  youth  a  quantity  i>f 
black  hair,  which  at  hi-  death  ua-  ,,f  snou  v  whitene-s. 


Eminent 

Iv  truthful, 

he  detested  wd 

at  he  called 

assertio, 

."      It  was 

he  l.al.it  ofwr 
■  with  willful 

itingwith.ai 

comlemi 

ed.     It  uas 

the -quackery 

■  in  liter.itn 

he   deno 
forced    h 

■;:t^;::1, 

tiiere   his   inte 
llcxiMe.      ISut 

est  in   the  ,s 

ind 


111,  but    In 

!.isdi-p, 


lieerbil,  1 

i- 

-""' 

ral 

nils  uiill; 

^., 

n--  t 

1  til 

1,1      poll 

ic- 

Mr 

11 

led  1. 
Hall 


^-^-^^'^-^/   <-  (  (  ^-/^^^r    y 


^^t>i-     /,'^  ;^i',^^,^ 


J6.  //  .  ■/^^-- 


CUL. 


WEST    HEMPFIELD  TOWNSHIP. 


moment  arrived.  He  was  seated  before  his  study  i  Christian  Kiinlcel,  one  of  Harrisburg's  earliest  set- 
table  until  a  few  hours  before  his  death.  Paralysis  i  tiers,  and  representing  one  of  the  oldest  and  most  re- 
of  the  heart  appeared  to  be  the  immediate  cause.  lie  spected  families  of  that  section.  Their  children  are 
left  a  wife,  two  sons,  and  two  .luui^hters  to  mourn  his  Ilallie  M,,  wife  of  Dr.  .1.  F.  CMnv\  ;  F.mily  Kckert, 
lo>s.  wife  of  Clement   i[.    lirown,  ..f   Phihuldphia  ;  Miss 

The   followin-   wonl^  ^pnlceii   of  Professor   llahk-      Clara  G.,  and" John  A. 
man  by  Dr.  Morris,  at  the  ne.xt  meeting  of  the  Anieri-  Mr.  Myers  was  born  and  reared  in  the  German  Re- 

can  Association  for  the  Advancement  of  Science,  '  formed  Church,  but  later  connected  himself  with  the 
which  took  place  at  Cincinnati  after  his  death,  seem  Presbyterian  denomination,  and  for  several  years  be- 
appropriate  here:  fjre  his  death  filled  the  oiKce  of  ruling  eKler  in  the 

"  He  was  no  ordinary  man  whom  ynu  might  com-  Presbyterian  Church  of  Columbia.  In  politics  he 
pliment  with  a  passing  re-|n-itlnl  uliituary  notice, — in  was  a  Peiniblican,  and,  as  his  business  implies,  a 
science  ami  letters  he  svas  a  great  man."  protectionist,  who  [jractically  devoted  himself  to  tlie 

Biographical  notice^  ot'  Dr.  Haldeman  will  be  dignifying  of  .\merican  industry  and  the  protecting 
found  in  ".Men  of  the  Time,''  London,  lSi;."i;  "  Alii-  of  American  labor.  Being  a  man  of  wealth  and  in- 
bone's  Dictionary  of  Authors,"  1808;  "  Apjdeton's  llnence,  he  was  often  solicited  to  accept  political 
Encyclopedia,"  "  Johnson's  Cyclopeilia,"  and  a  li-,t  of  otRce.  These  overtures  he  frequently  declined,  but 
seventy-three  of  his  works  are  given  by  .Vc-a^^i/,  in  his  was  once  induced  to  be  a  candidate  for  representative 
"  Bibliographia  Zoologic:.-  rt  (bnlogicic,"  1S.-.2.  in  the  I-egislature  ..f  hi^  State,  when  lie  was  trium|.h- 

antly  elected. 

'Sir.  Myers  was  a  man  of  imposing  presence  and  a 
most  genial  nature.     His  business  principles  were  as 
solid   and  reliable   as    the  pig-iron   of    his    furnace. 
During  some  of  his  business  projects  previous  to  the 
construction  of  the  Donegal  Furnace  he  became  finan- 
cially embarrassed,  but  speedily  made  settlement  with 
his  creditors  in   the  mo-t  honorable  manner,  ]jaying 
all  his  ohligatimi^,  principal  and  interest,  in  full.     In 
this  connection  lii-^  own  wonls  may  be  quoted  :  "  If 
1   knew  of  one  dollar  of  an  old  de'ht,  I  would  drive 
twenty  miles  to  ])ay  it."    Mr.  Myers  died  at  his  home, 
"  Norwood,"  in  the  suburbs  of  Columbia,  on  the  '2'2d 
day  of  October,  1872.     In  his  life  he  was  universally 
respected,    and    his    death    was    greatly    regretted. 
Isaac  Myers      Among  the  foremost  self-made  men  of  Pennsylvania 
1  her  representative  iron  industry,  tliej-e  is  no  mure 
onorable  name  than  that  of  James  Mver-,  of  Dune- 
il  Furnace.     In  his  death  the  State  ha.  lost  one  of 
er  most  uori-ht  Imsine-s  men  and  hest  of  citizens. 


.MK'ii  u:i.  II.  Mciour;. 

her  of  Mr.  Moore  was  Michael,  born 
1;,  ill  I'eiin  l>.wn-l,i|..  Laiiea-ter  Cn., 
vears  of  hi,  life  were  spent.     He  was 


IIOX. 

.\MKS 

MY 

;i!> 

Isaac  :\rv.- 

rs  (or  Pa; 

eh  Mier 

,a. 

ori 

gin  a 

ly  s].elled). 

great-raiidl 
grated    from 
town  of  .Myi 
He  built  an 

ither  nf  1 
PriNsia 

1   lived' at 

he  ,ulii 
t.i    Ann 
Lehaii. 
the-  old 

■ct 

.{■ 

his 
nl 
ity, 

ead 

,ketch,  cmi- 
ouiided    the 

still   stan.l- 

ing,  which   : 

t   that  ea 

ly  dav 

,11 

■nui 

ided  by  I'nr- 

ests,  and   at 

one   peri. 

1     l|,ed 

I, 

I    fi 

rl,  I 

,  whieh    Ihe 

settler,  lied 
the  niagislr: 
theeninilv  ■ 

te    ..f    hi, 
f  some  ill 

ion  lr.,1 
di-lriet 

lieiolls 

1  tl 
pel 

::, 

idia 

ig    incurred 
fatally  shot 

while  sittiii 

:  wilh    hi 

hack 

1  a 

wi 

idou 

in  a  neigh- 

lioring  inn. 

0  which  1 

e  wa,  s 

nil 

101 

ed  . 

,tensiblv  on 

.'liters-M 

rs.'  Will 

fh 

H 

iste 

Isaac  Myers 
r,  Mrs.  Peil- 

lev,  .Mrs.  K, 

i-ert,  Mr, 

Wood 

.M 

s.  1 

.iith 

er— and  one 

son,. John. 

rhe  oldest 

son  of 

he 

latt 

er,  u 

ho  was  also 

named  John 
'J,  ISIG.     Jo 
Maria  Lvon 
sketch. 

,  x>ias  bor 
m  Myers 
their  thi 

1  Feb.  li 

d,OU    h 

rie 

1  t. 
■  th 

and 
.Mi- 

died   Maich 
,  t'atharine 

James  M\ 

ers  was  b. 

rnat  M 

■er 

lu^ 

n,  1 

ehanon  Co., 

Pa.,  Nov.  ■_'.- 
the  farm   an 

1    a,    as,i 

i-carU 

tl 

ah 

e    t 

•aiH 

H.rtati.iii    of 

grain,  wl.iel 
ling.     In  tl, 
eml.arkedin 
A  few   vcar. 

hi,    fltlle 

■  year  is: 

■  was  la 
7,  at    ih 
e  \eiilii 

.J,. 

111 
1    il 

<(  ,1 

ed  111  hand- 
venleeli,  he 

ling  coal  at 

Pine  Grove, 
Columbia,  L 

Sehliylki 

','';;,„/ 

U'L 

S41 

he 
he 

lannfactnre 

-e    .\. 

M'kert,  nC   Phila 

-       Pe 

111    tnx 

lai 

Myer- 

town,   Mr.  .Mvei 
.Marietta,  wliie 

1       clii 

dio   l< 

el    11., 

1 

V    him 

niilil    his   deatl 

1 1; 

rriet 

la 

ried  to 

a  .Mis,  i;ii/.ahel 

,M.H. 

gl 

ter    of 

the    well-know 

n.      1 

March  L'l',  17oi;.  in  llie  same  towii-hip.  IJieir  chil- 
dren were  fee,  of  wlioiii  :\l.mdalelia  (Mrs.  Hullniain. 
.Michael,  and  Iteliecca  ( .M  rs.  Stidiiiian  )  survived.  .Mr. 
Moure  , lied    in    .Vii-u-t,  IS-l:;,    i„    his  sevelitv-seveiilh 


h.'ir  ,011,  Michael,  was  born  March  l.s,  17114,  ii 
wi),liip,  and  married  Flizahelh  llerlzler.  o 
.ovii,liii..       Iheir   ehihlieii  were   Cem-e,    Mi 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUiNTY. 


Churcli,  of  wliicli  he  was  a  iiieiubor.     His  deatli 


until    tlie   p 


time   devoted   some  hours  to 


,'Mshi 


curred,  after  a  life  il 

]4th  of  February,  l>;i;ii,  in  his  seventy-second  y 
Mieliael  Ilert/.ler,  his  son,  uas  l,orn  Jan.  19,  "l 
in  IVnn  toxvnshii,,  wlu-re  his  VdUthfiil  days  \ 
spent.  His  limited  npp„,  innilies  fn,-  ..dneation  ; 
afforded   at   tlie  nearest  .school 

whieh  required  a  daily  walk  of  two  and  a  half  miles. 
He  devoted  liis  energies  to  farmdabor  until  his  twenty- 
third  year, nvhen  a  desire  to  lead  a  more  imlependent 
career  prompted  him  to  make  a  Western  tour,  where 
he  engaged  in  the  jjurchase  of  cattle. 

In  184G  he  became  i)urchaser  of  the  mill-site  of 
which  he  is  the  present  owner.  The  business  of  mill- 
ing has  been  conducted  l)y  him  with  signal  success, 
his  financial  transactions  having  escaped  the  disasters 
involved  in  two  serious  panics.  He  is 
engaged  in  other  mercantile  transactions. 

Mr.  Moore  was  married,  Nov.  15,  IStid,  to  l!:i 
S.,  daughter  of  Joseph   Stoner,   of  Helen  tow  i 


1  to  agriculture,  on  the  favorite  pursuit,  and  has  from  time  to  time  gathered 
many  rare  exotics.  .Sixty  years  ago  he  contributed  a 
scries  (jf  valuable  articles  to  the  American  Farnui- 
on  the  "Curculio,"  an. I  was  a  mueh-esteemed  writer 
in  the  cnh'mns  ..f  the  Ga-nuudoa-u  Tdiyniph,  whose 
editor,  Mr.  Frcas,  was  a  w;ina  |,ersunai  friend,  and 
the  i'lHv/ars'  Cnhmrl,  published  in  I'hiladclphia.  He 
treated  a  subject  wiih  ici-coc-  and  common  sense, 
and   at  once   reached   the  cars  of  his   n^nlcr.-.      .Many 

farmer  tlie  present  generaliun  arc  largely  indebted 
for  many  choice  fruits  and  rare  plants.  In  1S4G,  in 
connection  wilh  Kli  Ilnwrn,  l.c  established  the  Z<(«- 
largely  I  caster  CokhIi/  Farmtr,  which  was  devoted,  as  the  name 
]  implies,  to  the  interests  of  the  farming  community. 
It  had,  however,  but  a  brief  existence,  and  proved 
financially  iinsuccessliil.     Mr.  ( iarlicr  is  tlic  priiici]ial 


York  Co.     Their  children  are  Ella  S.,  Thates  S.,  and  ,  stockholde. 


Alice  15.  He  is  a  direct.; 
of  Lancaster  and  also  of 
Hill  Turnpike  Company 
lieaii,  but  not  an  aspiran 
in  the  Lutheran  faith,  l„ 
Church  of  tlie  .Mcnnonit 


f  the  First  National  Bank 
c  C(diimbia  and  Chestnut 
In  politics  he  is  a  Repub- 
ir  ollice.  He  was  baptii;ed 
is  now  a  supporter  of  the 


ic  Lanca 
ind   ha. 


lucli; 


pike  Cpinpa 
its  directors. 

He  was  married  to  Mi~s  <nsan  SlaullVr,  and  lia- 
children  as  follows:  Lemuel,  who  mariicd  liarbar., 
Mellinger,  and  had  a  son  and  a  daiiubter;  llcniv 
wdio  resides  in  Baltimore,  JId.,  and  has  five  children 
Jolin  A.,  residing  in  Donegal,  who  married  Mi.ss  Hcrr 
and  lias  seven  children;  Mary  Ann;  Abraham,  win 
was  a  physician,  and  at  an  early  age  dis|ilaycd  a  tasti 
for  botany  and  chemistry.  He  travelcl  extensively 
in  Cuba^and  Florida,  and  gathered  specimens  Ibr  Dr 


.I.\roi!    I!.   CARIiRR. 
Three  Carbcr  brothers,  Swiss  Mciinonites  in   faith 
came  to  America  soon   after  the  organization  of  tlu 
county.     'l\\i,  of  thi-sc  brothers  settled  in  Virginia,  |  Grant  and  Lafayette  College,  and  died 
whilethe  tbii.l  locau-,1  in  Ilempfield,  Lancaster  Co.,  j  in  Cuba  in  ISSl     Ilira 
three  miles  east  of  Wright's  Ferry.     He  had 
Christian,  who  rcmaiiuMl  upon  his  father's  farm,  mar- 
ried,  and   hail   childivii, -A  iidi.w   (who   removed   to 
\''ork  County),  Chri-tiaii,  .fohii  (who  settled  in  Kan- 
sas), Abraha^i  (who   r.Mdcd   111    York  County),  Ann 


dio 


Michael 


Iter 


,  I  his  father,  and  is  a  successful  raiser  of  blooded  s 
making  fine  horses  a  s|)ecialty  ;  and. Fanny,  ma 
to  William  II.  Crove.  Mr.  Carber  lakes  pleasi: 
recalling  the  fact  that  not  a  loot  of  ;;n.und  has 
soM  fnmi  the  fanii_  upon  which  he  lives,  other 
for  public  impioveinciils,  since  his  great-grandf 


Wi 


raiuU 


Andrew,  .m  the  occasion   of  the   batt 

wlieat  to  Newport,  when  he  was  surroumhd  by  fed 
eral  soldiers,  who  crowded  into  the  wagon,  moiinlei 
the  horses,  and  hung  from  every  available  spot,  whif 
they  forced  him  to  cany  them  licvoml  the  reach  o 
the  victorious  enemy. 

Christian,  of  this  number,  married  a  .Mi-s  Segrist 
and  settled  upon  his  father's  lann,  He  bad  one  son 
Jacob  B.,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  who  was  born,  ii 
the  year  ISOlt,  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  him,  oi 
which  his  preat-grandfathcr  settled,  the  resideiie 
being  the  tliinl  In  siicees-ion  Imill  upon  the  place 
He  wasedncaled  at  the  common  school  of  the  neigh 

boi-h 1,  and  helore  alt:iiiiiug  bis    majorily  di-plavr, 

a  maiked  laste  for  the  slmly  of -bolany.  In  IS."!'  h 
erected  a  greeii-hoiisi.,  said' to  be  the  iir-t  establi-he 
leie  he  has  dail 


settled 
and    th 

I'alatin 


in  tlieSta 


.dell 


JACOB  GAKBER. 


EAST   LAMFKTER   TOWNSHIP.  891 

separation  of  the  towiisliip  in  1S41.     East   Luin|)L'tt'r  Jaiiii-s  Liiblmns,  William  I^vans,  .lolm  lIeiidri(.'kstone, 

at  present  lias  the  form  of  a  parallelogi-aiii,  aii.l  lies  Aii.heas  SoKlenrick-,  Jarol.  I^anais,  .J(.st-|,h  ISuckwal- 

■dia>;onally  across  tlie  eonnty.     It  is  bounded  on  the  ter,  Michael    Danaer,   Felix    Laielis,   I'.enjamin  ^Vit- 

north  and  northeast  by  the  townships  of  Upper  Lea-  mer,  .luljn    Hess,  .l.^epli    Dawner,   .lolni    Miisgrove, 

coek   and   Leacock,  east  by  Leaeoek,  southeast   and  William  Willi.,  Derrick  Jansler,  Peter  Vorkee,  -Ar.ar- 

soiith  by  Paradise  and  Strasburg,  sontlnvest  by  West  liu    Pare,    Jolm    (iratf,    Hans    Brand,    Jae.d,    (iralf, 

Lamp.^ter,   and  west  by  Lancaster   tnwnships.     This  .laeob  Mayer,  were  pioneers. 

tnwM^liip   lies  wholly  in  three  vallevs.-the  valley  of  Willi  re-.ud   In  the.e  ,  arly  settlers  but  little  can 

Cone-lo-a   on    Die   west,   Mill    Creek    Valley    in    the  now  be   toKl,  as   many  of  tlie   Palatine   families   have 

centre,  and    Peijuea  in  tlie  eastern  part.     These  val-  not  been  strict  in  the  registration  of  deeds,  and  very 

leys  are  divided  by  small  ridges  only,  as  there  are  not  few  cluirchei  keep  good  records.     In  giving  sketches 

any  hills  worth  calling  such.     The  Conestoga  is  the  of  these  pioneers  I  shall  begin  at  the  eastern  end  of 

only  creek  wliicli  has  any  atilnenis  worth  mentioning;  the  township  and  [troceed  westward  to  Bridgeport  on 

these  are  Stanfier's  Ilnn  and  Bard's  lUin.     The  other  the  Conestoga. 

creeks  receive   nothing   but  a  few  small   springs    in  Philip  Ferree'.  Aluaham  Duboise,  of  Ulster  County, 

their  course,  and  on  account  of  ibis  the  township  is  N,  Y.,  was  a    Itn-uen  ,l,  and   received   a   patent  f)r  a 

iinl  very  well  watciHMi,     Tbc   soil   is  a  rid,    lime-tone  tiMct  of  .me  thou-aud   a.av,,  a  sm.,11  part  of  which  is 

loam,  but  is   not   able  towilb-tand  .Inm-hts  or   Ion-  in  La-t  Lampcler  lown-hip.  and  of  that  I  .-hall  .speak, 

series   .)f   dry  summer..     Tlii-re    are    no    l,m-er    anv  He   left   half  ..f    this    Ian, I    bv    will    to    hi.   dau-htcr 

forests   wortii    m.-ntioning    lu    this    t,,wnsl,i|,,   as    tb'e  Leah  (who   bad   m.irrieil    Philip    Ferreel    , luring    her 

won.lerlul    ferlilily  n(  ihe   .,,il.  an.!   the  -real   pr.dits  life  ,,nly,  an,l   ,iU.r   1,,-r  ,lc.itli   to   her  chihlreii.     The 

arising  lr,,m  the   culture   ,.f  l,,ba,-,-,,.  have  eau.c,!  the  brothers  aiel  -i-ler,  „f  Leah  Duboise  Ferree  releasd 

niiwi.e  ile.lriicti.m   of  the  l.,iests.     The   U.tal  area  of  to    her   and   her   hu-baml    all    their   claim,   upon   the 

this  townshi|i  is  about  twenty-one  scpiare  miles.  property,  and    on   July  :i,   17o2,   I'hilip    Ferree    and  • 

The  water-courses  have  shown  sucli  great  diniinu-  >   Leah,  his  wife,  gave  to  theiryonngest  son,  Joel  Ferree, 
tion  within  the  last  few  years   that  the  attention  of  '  three  liundred  thirty-three  and  a  half  acres  of  land, 

scientists   has  been   callcl   I,,   tin.   fiet,  aiul   all   hav,-  .and   one    humlr.Ml    acres   ,,f    this   laml   w,ae   .old   mi 

attributeil  it  t,i  the  ,lestrueti,,,i  ,,f  tb,'  lnr,'.t.,  as  tl,,-v  Mar,'b   ;;il,  ITSli,  I,,  J,, cob  Souder.     Seventy  acivs  of 

asserted  that  this  l,,wn.l,ip  was  a  w,M,.|e,|  plain  when  thi.  trad  in  Ivist  Lampeter  t,,wM.liip  arc  .till  in  p,,s- 

theearlysettlers  c-ame.     Th,' ,.bK-.l  tic  .■m  upon  ll„.  ..-.iMii  ,,f  a  d,-cendaiit,  .I.,el  L.  Leigliluer,  F..|.,  wh,j 

tract  of'one  of  the  earlv  settler,  ua.    lo„i„l   t,,  have  rc.i,lcs  .m  tb.' ,,1,1   Fence   bomcte.el  at  S,,u,lersburg, 

been  thirty  years  ohl  at    the   lamling   ol   Penii,   and  w  hi,  h  was  built  in  IT'.)',. 

James  Smith  (early  settler)  could  see  the  deer  fr.mi  Hans  (Ir.ilf.     Tin-  laml  a,lJoining  the  Ferree  tract 

the  present  village  of  Smoketown  to  New  Strashurg,  was  ,me   ,,f  the  numerous   tract,  taken   up  by  Hans 

showing  that  there  was  no  heavv  timber  at  that  tim,-.  Crall.      He   was   tb,     f,, under  of  (iratf, .r   (irailtlial 

It  was  generally  conced.-.l  that  tb,'  Imlian.  l,a,l  burnt  Dab-,  in  l^arl  tou  n.hip. 

off  the  timber,  for  as  soon  a.   the   land   was   taken   U|,  Peter    l.eman    recivcl    a    patent   f,r  four  linn, lre,l 

bv  sctthu-s  it  hc'am,.  eov,a-,-,l  will,  l,.r,v.l..  a, -res  of  laml   in    17-:;,  <-ame   h,ue  ami    liveil,  ami  by 

Fr wl,at^,la,v    the    l,,un,bip    t,„,k  its  nam,-  was  uill    ,lal,'d    .\pnl    L",),    17  11,    _'ia„l,',l    ibi.    I.iml   to    bis 

tor   .,„„..   time   a    matt, a-   of  ,l,.ul,l.     S„me   hi.lorians  .-.ns,  Isaac  ami  Danml.      fbi.   lamilv  of  L,anaiis  are 

as..Mt,',l  ib.ii  ,1  was  nam,,l  IV,.m  a  man    named  P,-tcr,  ...rrectly    s,ipp,,.e,l    h,    Ikinc    been    Hugm-ii„ts;    ami 

wh,,  was  lam,-;    but   il    lak,'.   it.   nam,'  tr lb.-  t,,w,i  ■■ntirely  ,li.tiiict  lr,,m   tb,-   tamily  of  Lehman.      Peter 

of  Lamp,-ter,  in  Wah's,  wbi,-li    is  ,piit,-  an  important  lA-man's  ,le-,-,-ml.inls  still  r,si,l,-  in  tlie  ,-,,iinty.     . 

town,  ami  the  s,-at  of  St.  Daviil's  C„ll,-ge.  .lames  Smith  wa.  an   Ihidi-h  Fri>-n,l  win,  settlcl  in 

—  Early  Settlers.  -Witbin    ih,-   limit.  ,.f   this  town-  ibi.  ,,„inly  in  17:^::  ,,ii  a  pal,  in   ,i.r.iiit,,l  by  the   L,m- 

ship  was  om-  L„ml,m  trad  of  liv,-  tlnmsaml  live  bun-  ,l,.n  Company.      H,-  liv,.l  ,,ii  tin.   laml  until   Dee.  Ui, 

dreil  ami  lifty-tbr,',-  a,r,.,  ,111,1    part    ,,ii   another   trail  1 7i;i ,  wli,-ii    lu-  ,lie,l,   ami    hi.   fimily   came   into   p,,.- 

of  five  thousand  s,-ven  h,imb,-,l    a,r,-s.     In   l.HiP,  Wil-  s,-.i,,n    ,.f  the    prn|„-rty.      Hi.    tamily    livcl    here    lor 

liain  Penn  grant,-,!  t„  a  iiiimb,-r  ,.f  L-,ii,l,m  m,iibaiits  s,,,i,e  years  when  tli,y  s,,|,l  their  property  ami  move,! 

the  right   to  surv,-y   ami   li,,hl    lor  col,.ni/,ati,m   si.xty  t,.  Chest,  r  Coiinly,  where  hi,.  ,K-.e,-n,lanls  re.i,le. 

tlmn.saml  a,-res  ,,f  land.       I'liis    Lin, I  was   surveye,!    in  .b.sepli   Sl,-cr,    William    .Mc.Xabb,   ami   ,(ohil   Sleer 

lar-e   tra,-ts   at  .lillereiit    Inm-.,  ,  al !,-,!    L-,n,l,.ii   Cmn-  were  Frieiul.  who  t,„,k    p,it,-iils^ii    17:i:!   lor  the   laml 

panv's  Land,  or  L,m,l,m  tr,„:ts,     I'h,-  loll, , wing  nam,  s  Ixing  w,-.t  of  .lam,-.  Smitb  am!   s,mth  of  .lames  tiib- 

ar,-  tb,,.--  ,.f  ih,-  a,iiial  .,'ttl,-r.,  a.  maiiv  who  t,iok,)iit  boii.,      .I,i.ci>li   St,-er    t,„,k    out  a  l.ati-nt    f,,r  I  wi,  liu  n  - 


17  I'.i    .,,ld    Slim,-    1,, 

lb,-    1 

;ii,l-iii-!laii,l,  ami    li 

lally 

■  laml.  t,,  .la,-,,b  Wit 

mrai 

I'liilip    Ferre,-,    I  lans.  ( iralf,    P,-l,r    L.-maii,   .hums      Winner,  an, 1  v,-,l 

Hmilli,.lobn   Steer,  William    McXabb,  .Joseph   Ste,r,  William    .M,-Nabb 


892  HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


dreJ  acres,  and  in  1748  died,  Icavirij;  it  by  will  to  his  i  Cect  state  of  preservation  at  present.     Tlie  oldest,  tlie 

son,  John  McNabb,  who  in  1741)  gave  two  acres  to  '  old  William  Evaii.s  lionse,  stands  upon  a  road  lead- 

the  Friends'  meeting-house  in  Bird-in-Hand.     John  ing  from  the  jmblic  school  house  at  Sinoketowa   to 

McNabb  disposed  of  all  his  lands  and  rejuoved  from  the  old  Pkiiladelphia  turnpike.    The  other  two  houses 

the  county,  ver.v  likely  to  Virginia,  as  there  was  quite  were  built  by  tlie  >.m>  of  William   Evans,  ami  both 

a  movement  of  Friends  in  that  direction  shortly  be-"'  stand  U[ion  tPie  turnpike, 

fore  the  Revolutioji.                                                  "           :  The  foUowinir  settlers  took  lands  in   the  London 


tion,  that  John  V.  liachtd  sold  lu^  -r.mt  of  two  .southern  parts  of  tlie  township.  This  tract  contained 
hundred  acres  to  Willium  Ihoiiilln,,  in  174S,  only  '  live  thousand  five  hundred  and  fifty-three  acres : 
having  had  possessidii  liir  fMurtccn  vi  ;ii>.  In  hmking  John  Hendrickstone  acquired  a  patent  for  one  bun- 
over  the  old  surveys  it  is  alino-c  impos-,il.le  to  tell  dred  and  fifty  acres  immediately  west  of  the  Col.  John 
where  the  lines  between  the  McNabli  and  Steer  proji-  Evans  tract,  but  disponed  of  bis  land  immediate'.y  to 
erties  lay.  The  house  now  occupied  by  U*njamin  B.  Benjamin  Witiner,  .h:,  who.e  t'lllier,  Benjamin  Wit- 
Groff,  near  Bnshoug's  mill,  lay  on  one  of  these  tracts.  mer,  was  the  laml  ai^ciit  in  this  tract  fnr  the  London 
The   ea>tern    part   of  that    Imusc  i^    very  old,  but   all  Company. 

dates  and  record,  of  it  liuvi-  been  lo-t.  Andreas  Soldcnrich,  or  Andrews   Seldomrid-e,  a^ 

James  Gibbmi^  l)i.u-lit  fmn.  Eli/,;ili.tli  Wliartnaby,  now  spelled,  received   the  land   upon    the  old  pr^.vin- 

of   England,   one   thuusmd    acres    ,,(    land    in    !7l':;.  cial  road  lying  west  of  John  flemlrickstone  ami   east 

James  lived   at  We-tt„wn  tnwn-hip,  Cl.esler  Co.,  and  ..f  the  Landis  tr.ict,  by  patent  dated    March  14,  172_'. 

never  came  to  this  county,  bnt  his  >,,n,  Joeph   (lib-  This    tract    contained   two   hundred  acres.     Andreas 

lions,  took  this  land  from  hi,  f.ithei'.  e-tate,  and  with  ^^oldenricli   held   this  for  twenty-five  years,  when   lie 

.some   more,  surveyed    fmni    the   London   ( '..iiipaiiy's  ^,.ld  to   Loni>   Boughwalter,  Feb.  G,  1747.     Andreas 

remained   nneultivated   until   the  marriage  of  James  the  ancestor  of  the  ])resent  family  of  Sebhnniidge. 

(iibbon^.  son  .,f  Joseph,  and  gr.imlson  of  the  original  Dorcas  Boughwalter,  widow  of  Louis,  »oM  thi.^and 

.lames,  in  17oi;.  to    .Vbraliain  lioughwalter,    her   son,    Feb.    :i,    1777. 

In  that  year  James  Gibbons  and   Deborah    Hoopes  Wliellier  aiiv  of  this   land   belongs  to   the  family  of 

(iibboiis  came  to  this  connty  to   live,  and   built  a  log  Ikiekwalter  it  i-  impos-ible  to  say.  as  the  records  <,f 

cabin  on  the  banks  of  Mill  Creek,  iiorlh  of  the  pre-eiit  the  I'.ilalines  are  .|nite  im].erfect. 

mill  property  of  .\mo,  l!n-l>on-.      On    Nov.  1^7,  17o7,  Jacb    Lmdi-.      In    T.ivlor-s    surveys    of    the    old 
he   laid   the   corner-tone   of   his   hon.e.      He  w.is   an   '   patent  Iraei,,  Jae  ,b  Lindis   is  said  to  have  taken  ont 

innkeeper  before  and   duriim  the    Kevohitionary  war,  the  patent  lor  a  tract,  bm  in  the  records  of  the  L:ui- 

was  a  surveyor  and  seriveiier  and  iu-lice  ol' tlie  pe.iee,  dis   familv,  which   are  very  voluminous,    the  oriirinal 

and   was   also  nn   ardent   paliiol    duiing   the    Kevoln-  patentee 'was    I'.eiijamin    Landi>,   .i  Swiss   .Mennoiiite 

tion.      lie   u-.as   very   de-iron-   of  taking   part   in    that  preacher,      lie  came-  to   this   conntr>   iwid    received   a 

great  coiilliet,  having    be,ai  tendeied  the   loloiieley  of  patent    lor   this  l.iinl    in    171S.      He  iiad  but    one    son, 

a  regiment,  but  the  o\cr-eer,  oi  Friends'  .Meeting  and  Henjaniin  Landis,  Jr.,  who  had  four  -on-,  one  of  whom 

his  family  dis*^i:ided    him  from  bis  pnrno-e.      Hi-.h-  was  named  IJcnjamin^   In  every  generation  since  there 

William  Evan-.     Col.  .rohn  F.vaiis,  of  London,  was  common.      Froin  all  the  records  cM.uit  there    is  sulli- 

appointed  tiovernor  of  the   province,  and   came  over  eie.it  proof  that    the   name  on  the   old  surveys  wa-  a 

in  1711).      He  rccciveil  a  patent  for  one  thousand  acres  mi-take,    and    that    lieiijaniin     Landis    received    the 

of  land,  and  on  March  .'i,  171i;,  sold  it  to  John  M,, ore,  p.ileiit    from   the   London   Conii.any.      A  grandson   of 

Ivsip,  of  rhiladelphia.      By  deed  bearing  date  .Sept.  4,  the  original  I'.enj.uuiii  moved  into'Laiidi,  Valley,  in 

1730,    John    Moore    granted    this    tract    to     William  .Manheim    town-liip,  and   i-   the   eoinmon  ancestor  of 

i;vans.      Col.  John    Ev.ins  was  a  Calvini-t,  bill    Wil-  the  Landis  funily  tliei  e.      I'.irt  of  this   land    remains 

ham  F.vaiis.  hi-   lelative,  and  the   first   settler  of  this  i„  Hie  po--e-i>.n  of  the  Landis   laniily  at    pre.-eiH,  as 

land,   was  a    Friend.      \l   wli.it   time   this   finiily   be-  lleiirv  X.  Luidi-,  a  de-e   nd.int    in    tin-    fifth   genera- 

canic   Friends    i-    not    known,    bnt    the   liist    Wi'lliam  tion,  occupies  llie  old  Laiidi-  hoinest.  ad.      The  origi- 

]::vans   ua-   a   quite    prominent    Friend,    a-    were    hi-  nal  tract  contained  two  I, undiv.j  and  tw  el ve  acres, 

funily    lor    s.-veral   geneiations.     The    Evans    family  Lcniamin    Witmer.     The    Witmer    laniily    seem   to 

occupie.l    this  pr.q.erlv   lor  many    year-.      In    |S-l.1the  have   been    per-on-   of   di-linction    in    e.arly    times,   as 

last  male  de-eeiidanl  of  Willi, nn   F,\ans  living  on  this  the  .-,ubjeet-of  this  -keteb  wa-   agent    for   [he    Lomloii 

iraet.    Aaion    S.   I '.v  an-,  .bed,  and    hi-    funily, -old    the  Land   Conip.uiy.      l'.ei,|aniin  Weil  mer,  .i-   llieii   spelt, 

property  and  moved  We-t.  received    a    p.aleiit     for    two    linndred    and    sixl^-live■ 

Uebeeea    llvaiis,  si-lei    of  .\aron   S.,  owned    part   of  aces  from  the  London  Company  in  V21.      This  land 

this  oriL'inal    tract    at  tliv    time   of  her  de.illi    in   1S7S.  was  situ.ited  on  both  sides  .if  the  provincial  road,  and 

Fpon  this  trad  there  are  three  stone  hou-es  in  a  per-  '    the    Horse  Shoe    road    was    laid    out    thron-h    it.      lu 


EAST   LAMl'KTKR  TOWN^^IIIP, 


893 


1740  it  passed  by  will  into  the  possession  of  his  son, 
John  Whitmore.  As  nenjamin  Witnier  wus  an  aliiMi, 
his  son  liad  his  jtatent  coiitiinied  by  the  lions.  John 
and  Kichard  Penn,  under  the  Governorship  of  James 
Hamilton,  in  17G2.  John  Witmer  died  in  1790,  and 
by  will  left  this  land  to  his  sons,  Henry  and  Abraham. 
There  is  a  fine  stone  house,  still  used  as  a  dwelling- 
house,  on  this  property,  built,  as  the  tablet  says,  by  11. 
W.  &  M.  W.  im  jahr  1773.  Henry  Witnier  moved  to 
Lancaster,  and  sold  his  land  to  his  brother  Abraham, 
who  also  resided  in  Lancaster,  by  deed  dated  15th 
day  of  April,  1800.  Some  historians  assert  that  the 
Witnier  family  were  Huguenots,  but  we  find  no  evi- 
dence thereof  in  any  of  the  old  deeds  or  by  the  way 
they  spell  their  name.  The  name  with  all  its  changes 
was  written  with  the  German  character  for  almost 
half  a  century  after  their  coming  to  this  country. 

Joseph  Boughwalter,  a  Palatine,  received  a  patent 
in  1723  for  a  tract  of  land  lying  on  Mill  Creek,  south 
of  the  William  Evans  tract.  A  mill  and  a  large  log 
house  were  built  on  this  land  liy  J(i~(|ili  I'^mgh- 
walter  and  his  son  John.  The  mill,  atlir  having  re- 
mained in  the  possession  of  the  fumily  lor  eighty 
years,  was  sold,  but  the  old  Buckualtcr  Iniiiie^tead 
property  remains  in  the  family.  Tiii^  old  hig  house 
was  torn  down  quite  recently,  but  tlie  large  stone 
dncllin..'  now  .landing  was  built  about  179S  or  1800. 
The  liuiiie-.tead  is  now  Ofcuiiied  by  George  Buck- 
waiter,  a  liescendant.  This  old  house  was  a  hotel 
for  many  years,  but  now  is  used  as  a  private  dwell- 
ing.    The  name  of  this  old  hotel  was  "  The  Running 


Felix  Landiswii 
(.'onipany,  having 
by  patent  in  1723. 
to  John  Binckle,  a 
been  a  relative. 
1757,  leaving  thre 
Hinckley.    «ft   th 


s  an  (lid  patentee  under  the  London 
it(|uirril  four  hundred  acres  of  land 
He  granted  part  of  this  property 
3  then  written,  who  appears  to  have 
John  Binckley  died  intestate  in 
3  sons,  Felix,  Henry,  and  Johnson 
;   division    of  the    property    Feli.x 


Binckley  took  the  water-right  and  land  adjoining, 
and  in  1707  built  the  mill.  Felix  died  in  this  county, 
and  as  there  are  many  graves  of  Binckleys  at  .Bel- 
linger's graveyard,  it  is  fair  to  sujipose  that  he  was 
buried  there  also,  although  no  stone  bearing  his 
name  can  be  found.  After  the  death  of  Felix  Binck- 
ley his  immediate  family  moved  to  Datipliin  romity 
and  bought  a  I'arm  at  thr  iuiutiun  (,l  iIil-  .Swatara 
and  Spring  Run,  where  their  il.'.eendants  .till  reM.le. 
This  property  remained  in  a  enllateral   branch  of  the 

le  mill.  There  i>  a  stone 
mill  jiroperty,  MUpimsed  to 
'r  John  Bincklev,  iuit  it  has 
.'cords  have  been  lost.  Of 
.andis  there  aie  no  records, 
s  lamilv  tiare  their  descent 


Martin  Bare  and  Elizabeth,  his  wife,  received  a 
jiatent  for  this  tract.  Whether  they  acquired  the 
original  survey  by  purchase  or  not  is  not  recorded. 
In  175T,  Martin  Bare  sold  this  tract  to  his  son.  Chris- 
tian Hare._  ]\Iartin  Mellinger  ijiarried  the  daughter 
of  Christian  Bare,  and  acquired  the  property  by  will. 
Martin  (born  1755,  died  1844)  seems  to  have  been  a 
man  of  great  prominence  in  the  Mennonite  Church, 
as  the  meeting-house  which  was  built  upon  land 
given  by  Christian  Bare  to  the  Mennonite  congrega- 
tion is  named  from  iMartiu  Mellinger.  He  married 
a  widow,  Elizabetli  Denlinger,  and  having  lost  his 
only  son,  Martin  Mellinger,  in  ISOl,  left  this  prop- 
erty by  will  to  his  step-son,  Abraham  Denlinger, 
whose  son  resides  on  the  jjroperty  at  present.  Mar- 
tin Bare  seems  to  ba\e  been  a  man  of  great  foresight, 
and  to  have  done  everything  which  he  undertook 
well.  The  old  Bare  homestead  is  used  as  a  dwelling- 
house  at  jireseut  by  Benjamin  Denlinger,  ami  is  in  a 
state  of  perfect  preservation. 

Jacob  Graff.  This  tract  was  first  surveyed  for  Peter 
Yorkee  by  order  of  the  Loudon  Company.  lu  1722 
Peter  Yorkee  sold  all  his  rights  to  Jacob  Gratf,  of 
New  Strasbiirg.  Whether  Jacob  Graff  resided  on 
this  land  is  not  known,  but  it  is  supposed  he  did  uot, 
as  in  the  deed  for  this  property  which  he  gave  to 
Theophilus  Hartman  in  1743  he  was  described  as  a 
resident  of  New  Strasburg.  This  tract  contained 
two  hundred  and  twelve  acres,  and  at  the  death  of 
Theophilus  Hartman,  his  son,  Christian  Hartman, 
took  part  of  the  tract  and  resided  upon  it  until  his 
death  in  1825.  The  residue  was  sold  by  the  adminis- 
trators of  Theophilus  to  Henry  Yank,  tanner,  ol  Lan- 
caster, and  Frederick  Shindle'in  1709. 

Henry  Yank  sold  his  land  to  Frederick  Shindel, 
who  disposed  <if  hi-  lamN  by  de(?d  of  sale  to  liis 
brother,  George  Shindle,  uliuut  1775.  George  Shin- 
die  died  in  1820,  and  left  it  by  will  to  his  danglit,>r, 
Mrs.  Metzger,  whoJeft  it  by  will  to  her  -on,  the  pres- 
ent owner,  Michael  S.  .Met/ger, 


family  lor  some  time  after 
of  Felix,  the  builder  of  t 
dwelling-house  upon  this 
have  been  built  by  Felix 
no  aulheiilic  date,  as  all  r 
the  descendants  of  Felix  , 
as  the  present  large  Land 
from  Benjamin  Landis. 

Martin    Bare.     The' ear 
made    in    the   name   of   I 


On    the   property  which    belongs   to   M.  S.  Metzger 

there  i-,  a  very  old  hi>u.e,  Mippo.ed  to  have  been  built 

by  Thecq.hiiii.  Hartman,  a,,  when  the  Shimlle  family 

I  received    the   property  they  moved   into   it,  and   their 

!    de.-cendants  have  ha.l  |.os.essr,n  of  it  ever  since. 

The  Graf!'  tract  was  north  of  the  pr.ivincial   road, 

in  the  present  village  of  liiidgeport. 

With   Jacob  Gralf  emN   all    the   r. cuds   we    have 

j  cuneerning  the  early  settler^.      The   Mn.gioves  gave 

their   name  to  a  road'  which    led  Irm,,  the  present  vil- 

:   la-e  of  West  Enteriai-e  to  the  vieinitv  of  the  village 


tUvu-  property,  as  far  : 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY, 


learned,  for  some  time,  Init  we  coulil  not  find  iiny  au- 
tlientic  records  of  tliem. 

In  writing  of  tliesc  early  settlers  we  liave  called 
them  Palatines,  except  in  a  few  cases  wdjere  tlicy 
seem  to  have  come  directly  from  Switzerland.  Tlior 
Germans  were  all  originally  Swiss,  but  on  account  of 
religious  troubles  they  had  left  their  native  land  and 
taken  refuge  in  the  Palatinate.  In  all  the  did  (.atenU 
they  are  spojcen  of  as  Palatines.  'J'hu  Pahitijiatc 
seems  to  luive  been  the  one  spot  dedicated  to  freedmn 
of  thought  for  many  years.  The  Electors  Palaline 
were  noble  and  generous  men,  and  for  many  years 
Protestants.  Tiie  Elector  Frederick,  who  Ijefriended 
many  Swiss,  was  son-in-law  of  George  I.  of  England, 
and  enjoyed  the  friendship  and  protection  of  the 
English  people  during  the  reigns  of  Anne  and  Georjje 
I.  After  the  death  of  Frederick  the  election  fell  into 
the  hands  of  the  Catholic  princes  of  (iermany,  and 
the  Priitestants  lost  a  good  and  faithful  friend. 

Friends  and  Palatines  during  the  Revolution- 
ary War. — Much  has  been  said  concerning  the  action 
of  the  Friends  and  Palatines  with  regard  to  the  Rev- 
idutionary  war.  Tliey  have  been  stigmatized  as 
Tories  and  secret  emissaries  of  King  George.  The 
testimonies  of  Friends  and  Palatines  with  regard  to 
the  bearing  of  arms  were  identical,  and  in  this  my 
defense  of  these,  my  fellow-countrymen,  1  shall  in- 
clude both  religiou-i  -.ocictic^.  These  people  have 
always  held  the  doctrine  that  the  duties  they  owe  to 
God  are  far  superior  to  tiiose  they  owe  kings  or  rulers. 
They  also  keep  this  belief  sacredly  and  apply  it  to 
all   the  duties   of  life,    and,  as  the  meek   and    lowlv 


tlH.rilies.     Afte 

some  months  lie  was 

to  Lancaster  Co 

mty  and  released  alioiit 

ith    of   his    hon 

e,    near    l!ird-in-lland 

li.^   late  day  it  i 

3  almost  impossible  to 

.;rcat  straits  in  \ 

vhich  the  patriots'wrre 

lonbt  thev  thou 

,'ht  that  all  who  were 

prominent  testimony  has  been  that  one  against  bear- 
ing arms,  and  no  consistent  member  of  these  religious 
bodies  ever  went  to  war.  The  Mennonites  have 
always  paid  their  war  taxes,  but  many  Friends  have 
not  con-.i(hr(iJ  it  coii-,i>tent  to  help  sujiport  a  war  or 
to  light  in  .jin-.  iloliling  such  i)rinciples  as  these  it 
se  jieople  to  take  part  in  the 


was  impossible  for  t 
Revolutionary  struggle.  They  wer 
and  took  no  i>art  in  the  Revoluti 
been  able  to  ascertain  whether  an; 
township  became  involved  with  t 
account  of  their  anti-war  spirit,  bii 


lon-associatois. 
We  have  not 
'alatines  in  this 
authorities  on 
f  any  iMennon- 
ison  merely  on 
with   regard  to 


.lions  was 
1    that   a.c. 


on  his  dcalh-bi'd  his  conscience  approved  his  actions; 
what  more  can  be  a^ked  ?  The  IMennonites  of  the 
present  day  arc  not  allowed  to  perform  military  duty, 
and  one  instance  of  this  testimony  was  shown  lately 
by  the  arrival  at  Philadelphia  of  a  large  number  of 
Russian  -  German  Mennonites,  who  had  left  their 
homes  in  Russia  rather  than  serve  in  the  armies  and 
the  hospitals  of  the  Czar. 

Thoroughfares. — There  are  only  two  roads  in  this 
township  which  were  laid  out  through  prftprietary 
edicts, — the  old  road  which  was  laid  out  from  the 
Delaware  to  the  Susquehanna,  and  the  Horse-Shoe 
road,  which  ran  from  a  point  on  the  old  road  on  the 
tract  of  Benjamin  Witmer  northeasterly  to  Eeacock. 

The  width  of  the  old  road  when  first  surveyed  was 
sixty  feet,  but  the  increase  of  population  and  the 
great  rise  in  the  jirice  of  land  has  caused  this  ancient 
thoroughfare  to  he  encroached  upon  to  such  an  ex- 
tent that  in  some  places  m  this  township  it  is  not 
more  than  half  its  original  width.  The  great  turn- 
liike  between  Philadelphia  and  Lancaster,  finished 
in  1708,  jiasses  through  this  township,  and  has  on  it 
two  tolhhouses,— one  at  Witiner's  Bridge,  and  the 
other  at  Greenland. 

There  are  two  short  turnpikes  in  this  township. 
The  road  running  I'rom  Strasburg  borough  to  Lan- 
caster has  been  macadamized  from  Strasburg  to  its 
junction  with  the  old  turnpike,  about  two  miles  from 
the  ttdl-house  at  Bridgeport,  ami  the  old  road  has 
been  macadamized  from  the  point  where  the  Horse- 
Shoe  road  joins  it  to  Bridgeport,  where  the  turn]iike 
and  old  road  join.  So  effectually  have  corporations 
succeeded  in  getting  possession  of  all  the  thorough- 
fares leading  to  Lancaster,  that  unless  people  would 
ford  the  Conestoga  at  a  point  opposite  Keonk's  mill, 
in  Lancaster  town^hlp,  no  one  can  reach  Lancaster 
without  being  heavily  laxeil. 

The  old  road  cmsM'^  .Mill  Creek  on  a  good  wooden, 
eovereil  bridLie.  Imilt  by  tin-  county  commissioners. 
The   only  delect   there  is   in   the  c.iustruction  of  this 

The  old   Pliihulelpliia  turnpike   cros-cs   .Mill  Creek 


EAST   LAMl'KTKR   TOWiXSIIIP. 


(~)n  tlie  ?ecnii(l  day  of  September,  1787,  llic  Legishi 
tiiif  ol'  the  Statu,  under  the  Goveriior.sliip  ot'Tlioma 
Milllin,  j.a.M-d  an  art  fur  establisliiM- uimI  buildiiig 
iH-id-e  acrn~s  (',„ie-In-a   ('reek    in  Lancaster  ( 'nnntv 


].asl 


is  li 


■hila 


sliall  be  as  follows:  "For  every  Coaeh,  Landau, 
Cliariot,  Phaeton,  Wagon,  or  other  fonr  Wheeled 
Carriage,  the  sum  of  one  Shilling  and  sixpence ;  For 
every  Chaise,  riding  Chair,  Cart,  or  other  two  wheeled 
Carriage  Nine  Pence;  For  every  Sled,  one  Shilling; 
l''i)r  every  single  horse  and  rider,  four  Pence;  Foot 
Passengers„two  ppiicc;  and  one  [lenny  for  every  head 
of  horned  Cattle,  Sheep  or  Swine  crossing  the  same." 
Section  3  provides  that  a  passage  twenty  feet  wide, 
in  a  direct  and  straight  line,  on  the  north  side  anil  at 
both  ends  of  said  bridge,  be  left  free,  open,  and  clear 
of  every  incumbrance  or  interruption  whatsoever.  A 
supplement  to  the  above  was  passed  by  the  Legisla- 
ture on  the  4th  of  April,  1708,  making  it  obligatory 
on  Abraham  Witmer  to  remove  the  <dd  wooden 
l.rid.^e  N\liirl,  had  crossed  llie  creek  at  this  point 
prior  t.>  llic  buil.ling  of  the  stone  brid-e,  and  leave  a 
].assaf.'e-way  twenty  feet  wide  at  both  siile.s  of  the 
bridge,  SO  that  all  persons  not  \\isliing  to  pass  over 
tlie  new  bridge  could  be  free  to  pass  ami  re|iass  the 
creek  without  crossing  the  bridge.  The  bridge  Wiis 
linished  in  1800,  and  the  following  advertisement  was 
inserted  by  Abraham  Witmer  in  the  Journal,  Nov.  8, 


tl,  Bieat  l,lea», 

re  thii 

Al.i;,l, 

.11  Willi 

ei    inf. 

«•  Bridge  «ill 

e  cuiii 

.len-d  .. 

1  Thiirs 

")■  ""^ 

uli  liny  at  1  oV-l 

Cli   tli« 

Iri»cii 

liuii  Sli 

1r-  XuiIli*Van 

f  ti.id 

l.udge. 

The  friends  of  Witmer  and  all  others  interested 
met  at  his  hotel  at  Bridgeiiort  and  had  a  good  time 
generally.  At  this  time  it  became  the  diversion  of 
the  yonng  people  to  cross  over  the  bridge  at  lull  pace 
and  not  paying  toll.  There  is  a  story  still  told  among 
the  people  of  Lampeter  that  the  young  (^Inakers  would 

going  over  tlie  bridge  at  full  lmMoji,  and  wlnn  the 
bridge-keeper  would  try  to  stop  them,  th..y  would 
say,  "I  don't  think   thcc  can  .lo  it,  my  Iricnd"."     The 


.\pril 
lat   a- 


the  Le-islatu 


repass 


iiouwealth  of  I'enusylvania  from  the  estate  of  Wil 
iaiu  Henry,  deceased,  formerly  treasurer  of  Lancas 
er  County,  S!12,01S.34,  being  parf  of  taxes  due  tin 
oininonwealtb    from   the'couuly,  the  comnionweall  I 


■iVii 


iiidi  tin'  county  had  furnished  the 
Ic'ji-lative  purposes  for  some  time 
Hire  Inither  enacted  that  as  soon 
lid  h.ivc  paid  until  .l.ihu  .Joseph 
llcnry  tlie  mhi,  ut  hMccu  linndivd  duilars,  then  t'lie 
claim"  tin  si -Mil  s:;  1  .hall  he  relimjnislu-d  lo  the  c.mi- 
mi-sii.neis  nf  Lancaster  t:ourjty,  for  the  imri)Ose  of 
pnrcha-ingainl  making  free  the'lHidge  built  by  Abra- 
ham Witmer  o\cr  the  ( 'uncsto^ja.  On  the  L'7th  of 
March,  181:^,  the  Lci;  i-lat  lire  pii-.cd  an  act  that  com- 
mi,-si,.ners  sli.inld  lieappnintcl  l,v  the  county  to  meet 
those  appuinlcd  by  Abraham  Witmer,  to  decide  for 
what  sum  .V.  Witmci  wniiKI  sell  the  bridge  to  the 
county,  and  if  the  .sum  deciiled  upon  was  more  than 
the  said  4;12,l)18.34,  the  residue  was  to  be  made  up 
by  tolls  collected  by  passage  over  the  bridge,  the 
county  commissioners  to  exhibit  annually  to  the  Court 
of  Quarter  Sessions  an  account  of  the  receipts  and  ex- 
penditures of  the  bridge.  When  the  wdiole  amount 
agreed  to  by  the  commissioners  should  have  been  paid 
by  said  county,  the  bridge  should  be  declared  free. 
In  1818  the  county  had  not  yet  bought  the  bridge, 
and  Abraham  Witmer,  being  the  lawful  owner,  made 
his  last  will  and  testament,  nominating  his  brother, 
David  Witmer,  his  brother-in-law,  Christian  Herr,  of 
Lampeter  township,  and  .lohn  Nell',  of  Slrasburg,  to 
be  executors  of  his  will,  and  tu  have  full  power  to 
sell  the  bridge  to  any  ciiiiiniis>inrieis  the  county  might 
appoint  for  that  purpose.  Alnaliain  Witmer  died  in 
1818,  and  Christian  llcrr  ami  .fohn  Netf  refusing  to 
be  executors,  David  alone  remained  executor,  and 
took  entire  charge  of  his  brother's  estate.  It  was 
soon  found  that  if  the  bridge  was  to  be  paid  for  by 
the  tolls  collected  on  it,  it  might  never  be  declared 
free,  so  a  number  of  public-spirited  men  undertook 
to  raise  the  amonnt  by  public  subscript'ion.  Finally, 
in  1827,  the  full  amount  had  been  collected,  and 
David  Witmer,  for  the  sum  of  twenty-six  thousand 
dollars,  relinquished  iHito  Abraham  (iibbons.  Samuel 
Keller,  and  Emanuel  Kcigart,  commissioners  of  the 
county,  all  rights  and  privileges  of  the  bridge  forever. 
When  the  bridge  was  declared  free,  a  large  and  en- 
thusiastic meeting  of  the  citizetis  of  the  county  was 
held  <in  the  grounds  adjoining  it,  and  the  late  Henry 
Maxwell,  proprietor  of  the  LnncnMcr  Jvarnal,  ad- 
dressed the  meeting. 

In   the  centre  of  the  bridge  was  placed  the  stone 
with  this  inscription: 

'•  laixlfd  hy  ALiiil.niu  Witliiei-, 

nU3-13lill. 

A  Law  of  itii  ICiilIgliteiiod 

CtllllllHlll\VlN\mi   JlrtriDL-d 

A|U.  4,  17'J»,  siiiiclioned 

TliuimiaBlilllili,  Ouvt-racr, 

lliiri  Monimi.aitor  Uio  I'ulilic 

Sl.iiit  "f  iui 


1  lie  gre; 
.1  his  pu 


braham  Witmer  is  shown 
uhich  the  bridge  was  lini 


896 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


to  expend  so  much  time  and  money  witiiout  liope  of 
immediate  reward.  In  tliese  virtues  Abraliam  Wit- 
nier  lias  few  imitators  to-day.  This  bridge  is  still  in 
use  just  as  it  was  finished  by  the  builder  eiglily-three 
years  ago,  and  it  seems  likely  to  be  stiiuding  as  now 
ibr  one  hundred  years  to  come. 
Friends'    Meeting- House    at    Bird-in-Hand.— 

seem  to  have  pushed  into  the  Peijuea  and  Mill  Creek 
Valleys  very  early  in  the  eighteenth  eentury.  The 
Indians  always  had  great  faith  in  the  peace  and  good 
will  principles  of  Friends,  as  promulgated  by  that 
great  apostle  of  peace,  William  Penn,  thereibre 
Friends  felt  more  secure  tluin  many  other  settlers ; 
but  even  they  were  rather  cautious  not  to  move  too 
close  to  the  frontier  line.  The  meetings  in  and  about 
Philadelidiia,  from  which  many  of  these  Friends 
came,  were  very  anxious  about  their  spiritual  welfare, 
as  seen  by  the  following  copied  from  the  minutes  of 
Concord  Quarterly  ileeting: 

.  "At  Quarterly  Meeting,  6th  mo.  13,  1722.  It 
being  thought  necessary  by  this  meeting  to  visit 
those  few  Friends  that  are  removed  to  Conestoga,  in 
order  to  deal  with  and  advi-e  some  who  want  assist- 
ance," etc.  "In  order  thereto  this  meeting  ai)points 
Thomas  Vernon,  Aaron  James,  William  Lewis,  and 
Joseph  Gilpin,  and  desires  them  to  give  an  account 
of  their  visit  to  our  next  meeting."  9th  mo.  12, 
1722.  According  to  the  minutes,  Friends'  Meetings 
were  held  in  Lampeter  Ironi  this  dale  im  at  private 
houses  until  1732,  when  the  follo\viug  ajipeais  on  tlie 
Quarterly  Meeting  records: 

"  New  Garden  Monthly  fleeting  reijuests  to  have  a 
ineeting  settled  at  or  near  llattil  \'ariuan's  on  every 
first  and  sixth  days  of  the  week,  which  this  meeting 
allows  of  until  further  order." 

Hattil  Varman,  whose  name  is  mentioned  in  these 
records,  was  born  in  Ireland,  and  was  a  very  im])or- 
tant  umn  there  in  both  meeting  and  secular  matters. 
He  came  to  this  country  and  settled  in  Leacock  in 
1728.  It  was  upon  his  place  that  the  first  Friends' 
nieeting-houae  was  built  in  1732.  This  house  was 
built  of  logs,  and  remained  there  until  1749.  Until 
1737  this  meeting,  called  Leacock  Particular  Meeting, 
and  the  meeting  at  Sadsbury  belonged  to  New  Garden 
Monthly  Meeting  in  Chester  County.  At  date  'Jth 
mo.  14,  1737,  the  following  appears  upon  the  records 
of  Concord  Quarterly  Meeting: 

"Sadsbury  and  Leacock  Particular  Meetings,  with 
the  consent  and  ap|)robation  of  New  Garden  Monthly 
Meeting,  request  liberty  of  having  a  Monthly  Meeting 
for  discipline  settled  among  themselves  distinct  from 
New  Garden  Monthly  Meeting."  "Alter  coiisid.  ra- 
tion llu'reof  this  meeting  does  allow  tlic  Friend  mem- 
bcrs  of  Sadsbury  and  Leacock  Particular  ^Meetings 
liberty  of  hokling  a  Monthly  Meeting  lor  discipline 
on  the  first  second  day  of  the^veek  in  every  month 
till  further  ordered,  and  that  it  be  called  by  the  name 
of  Sad>ljnry  Monthly  Jleeling." 


In  1749,  Friends  having  increased  so  much  in  Lam- 
peter that  this  house  was  not  oidy  too  small  to  hold 
their  meetings,  but  in  too  inconvenient  a  spot,  it  being 
situated  on  a  corner  of  Varman's  property,  on  a  road 
now  leading  from  the  hamlet  of  Shelf  Level  toOrotf's 
mill.  Tfie  Monthly  Meeting  held  at  Sadsbury  ap- 
liointed  a  conimittee  to  confer  with  Leacock  Friends 
with  regard  to  a  judicious  choice  of  laiul  for  a  meet- 
ing-house and  burial-ground.  Friends  at  Leacock 
having  expressed  a  wish  to  move  their  meeting  jirop- 
erty  to  a  more  suitable  ))lace.  This  committee  con- 
sisted of  Joshua  Pusey,  Nathaniel  Pennock,  Thomas 
Carleton,  John  Churchman,  Jeremiah  Brown,  Joseph 
Brinton,  Caleb  Pierce,  aiul  William  Harvey,  Jr. 
These  Friends  conferred  with  Friends  at  Leacock, 
and  in  1749  they  decided  to  place  tlie  meeting-liousc 
on  a  lot  convenient  l(j  the  gre.it  piuvmcial  r.jad  in 
Lampeter  township. 

There  are  three  deeds  in  the  possession  of  Friends 
at  Lampeter  lor  the  land  acquired  there  for  meeting 
and  graveyard  [)uri)oses.  All  this  land  formerly  be- 
longed to  William  McNahb,  by  virtue  of  proprietary 
letter,  but  the  western  jiart  was  in  1749  bought  of 
Joseph  and  Grace  Steer,  who  had  bought  it  of  John 
JIcNabb,  son  of  the  proprietary,  William  McNabb. 

John  McNabb  also  gave  one-half  acre  of  meadow- 
land,  situated  east  of  this  land,  but  not  exactly  ad- 
joining it,  but  gave  a  twenty-foot  wide  alley  with  it 
to  connect  it  with  the  larger  tracts. 

After  the  above  deeds  were  executed  and  settled 
satisfactorily,  the  Friends  at  Lampeter  removed  the 
log  meeting-house  from  the  land  of  Hattil  \'ar- 
man  to  the  newly-acquired  lands  in  Lampeter  town- 
ship, and  erected  a  meeting-house  there.  The  land 
on  the  Varman  tract  lapsed  to  his  lieirs,  as  there  hud 
been  no  transfer  of  property,  and  tUerefore  no  deed-. 

The  same  logs  wore  used  in  the  meetiug-hoii^e  at 
Lampeter  with  an  eye  to  economy  and  expedition,  as 
there  were  not  yet__any  saw-mills  in  the  town-hip. 

This  log  house  serveil  as  a  mcctiiig-honse  until 
1790,  when,  the  meetings  having  become  very  large 
and  the  house  very  old,  Frieiuls  concluded  to  build  a 
large  brick  meeting-house,  divided  into  two  parts, 
suitable  for  holding  monthly  meetings,  for,  according 
to  the  old  usages  of  the  society,  the  men  ami  women 
transact  the  business  of  the  meeting  separately. 

In  iiursuance  ol  tliis  irsulution  Friends  built,  dur- 
ing the  year^  179ii,  llic  brick  meeting-house  whici]  i- 
still  standing.  Tins  lum-c  was  built  around  aiid  over 
the  old  log  building,  and,  after  the  new  one  was 
erected,  the  old  one  was  taken  log  by  log  out  the  door 
of  the  new  one.  This  was  done  because  Friends 
wished  to  occupy  the  same  site,  but  did  not  wish  to 
disturb  the  weekly  meetings.  The  meeting  at  Lam- 
peter continued  prosperous  until  the  .schism  of  1829, 
when  it  divided  ;  but  su  lar-e  a  nmjority  remained  as 
Friends,  and  so  ivw  s|ilit  ull'  with  the  orthodox,  that 
the  meeting  still  held  its  own.  The  great  rise  in  tlie 
value  of  the  land  in  this  township,  and  the  movement 


EAST  LAMPETER  TOWNSHIP. 


of  many  toward  the  great  Wt-st,  tliiimed  out  tlio 
members  of  this  meetiiii;  so  iiiiu-li  that  in  \s',i  thr 
muiitlily  meeting  was  tal^-en  to  S:iil?.bniy.  'I'hi-  Par- 
ticular Meeting  has  been  lield  lieie  e\  rr  sincf,  |jut 
there  are  so  few  members  imw  that  it  i-  c.iily  an  in- 
ilulgctl  meeting.  This,  wliiili  is  now  so  small,  may 
bo  rightly  called  the  parent  of  the  iiio>t  lliiuri>liinL' 
Yearly  Meetings  on  the  ecmtinerit,  the  Illinois  Yi-arly 
Meeting. 

The  early  Friends  held  peculiar  views  with  regard 
to  tombstones,  considering  them  marks  ui  vanity  and 
pride,  and  they  forbade  their  members  to  plaie  them 
upon  the  graves  of  the  dead.  At  the  time  the  meet- 
ing-house was  moved  from  Hattil  Varman's  land  to 
the  present  site  there  was  a  graveyard  on  the  Varman 
pro])erty  from  which  the  bodies  were  not  removed. 
As  there  were  no  tombstones,  in  time  it  was  plowed 
over,  but  so  great  was  the  reverence  for  the  dead  that 
the  site  was  not  destroyed  for  nearly  eighty  years,  and 
there  were  a  few  landmarks  remaining  within  the 
memory  of  the  writer  of  this  article. 

The  graveyard  connected  with  the  present  meeting- 
house is  not  older  than  1749,  and  there  are  very  few 
tombstones  standing  in  it,  but  a  record  of  it  has  been 
kept,  every  grave  markeii  witii  the  number  and  name 
of  the  body  lying  there  ;  so  with  a  little  perseverance 
one  can  find  any  grave  he  wishes,  and  there  is  suffi- 
cient property  belonging  to  this  meeting-house  to 
keep  the  graveyard  in  order  forever,  as  the  property 
cannot  be  used  for  any  other  purpose.  / 

Soudersbtirg  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.^ 
The  lot  upon  which  this  church  was  built  was  part 
of  tlie  tract  of  Philip  and  Leah  Ferree,  and  was  sold 
by  Joel  Ferree  to  John  Souders  in  1789.  Li  1802 
it  was  conveyed  by  lienjamin  Souders  to  trustees, 
Jacob  Souders,  David  liuss,  J(}hn  Keenege,  Jacob 
Beam,  Joseph  Buckwalter,  John  Miller,  and  Beiija- 
Souders,  for  thirty-two  pounds  eighteen  shillings, 
Pennsylvania  money. 

The  Soudersburg  Church  is  among  the  earliest  set- 
tlements in  Metiiodism.  Boehm,  in  his  ''Ueminis- 
cences,"  states  that  Methodism  was  introduced  here 
in  1791.  The  church  was  built  in  1802.  Bishops  As- 
bury  and  Whatcoat  vi-iicd  it  in  1803  and  officiated 
there.  In  1804  the  Philailelphia  Conference  met  in 
a  private  room  at  tin-  huu-e  of  Benjamin  Souders, 
reserving  the  church  for  preaching,  wdiich  three  times 
a  day  was  used  for  that  purpose.  Bisho))  Asbury 
])reached  twice  during  the  session.  The  number  of 
ministers  present  was  mie  liundred  and  twenty. 
Bishop  McKendree  preached  in  the  church  in  April, 
1811. 

In  1872  this  church  was  rebuilt,  and  in  ISV;-!  an 
additional  lot  was  bonghl  from  Joel  Lightncr,  I'^sq., 
for  the  purpose  of  an  e.xlensinn  to  the  graveyard. 

Bird-in-Hand  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  l"i- 
merly  called  Eriter|)rise  Mutlmdist  Episcopal  Chun  h, 

that  time  in  private  him^es  in  the  neighborhood.  The 


site  for  the  church,  consisting  of  forty  perches,  was 
bought  from  Sarah  Griffith,  and  another  section  of 
land  was  purcha.scd  from  liejijamin  B.  Grotf  in  1S5G. 
The  trustees  were  Jos,-ph  Cooper,  John  Pdnkley, 
William    lI.Kir,    I-aac    Conard,   ami    William    tmen. 


the 


Fro 


.Uk 


dure  in  1> 

din  the  same  circuit  with  Souders- 
burg.     The  clergymen  have  been  as  follows: 

1779,  Joseph  Cromwell ;  1780,  John  Cooper,  George 
Hair;  1781,  William  Glendenning,  Samuel  Rome; 
1782,  William  Pailridge,  T.  Haskins;  1783,  Reuben 
Ellis,  John  Ilagerty ;  1784,  Lee  Raybole,  James 
Cromwell,  I.  Lambert;  1785,  Ira  Ellis,  James  Thomas; 
178G,  Henry  Ogburn,  Peter  il.  Moriarty  ;  1787,  Sam- 
uel Dudley,  William  Thomas;  1788,  Robert  Cann, 
John  Hilbourn  ;  1789,  William  Dougherty,  James 
Campbell ;  1790,  Sylvester  Hutchinson,  J(din  Cooper; 
1791,  J.  McClaskey,  J.  Robinson,  S.  Miller;  1792, 
James  Lovell,  James  Wainwright;  1793,  Robert 
Cloud,  William  Hasler;  1794,  Isaac  Robinson,  Eli.sha 
Pelham;  1795,  John  Jarrell,  Thomas  Sargent,  J. 
Robinson;  1790,  Ephraim  Chambers,  James  Stokes; 
1797,  William  Colbert,  William  P.  Chandler;  1798, 
William  1'.  Ciiandlcr,  Daniel  Higby  ;  1799,  William 
Colbert,  J.  Heart,  E.  Larkiris,  R.  Braham  ;  1800, 
Stephen  Timmon.,  H.  Sncath,  J.  Thomas  ;  ISOl,  Wil- 
liam Hunter,  S.  Timmons,  Robert  .Mc(  'oy  ;  1802,  Wil- 
liam Hunter,  John  liethel!  ;  1803,  A.  Owen,  William 
Brandon  ;  1804,  lleniy  I'.oehm  ;  1805,  James  0^bu^•n, 
James  Stephens;  Isoi;,  William  Hunter,  Dan  Ire- 
land ;  1807,  Thomas  Buck,  W.  Hover,  G.  Harmer  ; 
1808,  Thomas  Buck,  John  Miller ;  1809,  James  Smith, 
Thomas  Buck  ;  1810,  James  Bateman,  John  Walker; 
1811,  T.  Walker,  H.  Ross,  R.  Sparks;  1812,  J.  Sand- 
ers, J.  Mitchell,  William  Torbert ;  1813,  R.  Sneath, 
William  Torbert,  Thomas  Everard  ;  1814,  Asa  Smith, 
J.  ;Mitchell,  J.  Samson  ;  1815,  Thomas  Miller,  Phineas 
Rice  ;  1810,  David  Best,  Thomas  Miller  ;  1817,  Rob- 
ert Burch,  John  W*oolston  ;  1818,  Robert  Burch,  P. 
Price,  W.  Ilaster ;  1819,  William  Leonard,  John 
Talley  ;  1820,  William  Hunter,  J.  Woolston,  William 
Ross;  1821,  John  Woolston,  Henry  G.King;  1822, 
Henry  Boehm,  .laino  llohlrich  ;  1823,  Henry  Boehm, 
Wesley  W.  Wallace;  1820,  Henry  Boehm,  W.  W. 
Wallace;  1527,  Henry  Boehm,  Daniel  Parrish  ;  1828, 
George  Woolly,  John  Nichol-on;  1829,  George 
Woolly,  T.  Cijtroll ;  1830,  D.ivid  Ik-si,  N.  Chew  ;  1831, 
Thomas   Miller,    Eliphalet    Reed,    R.    W.    Thomas; 

1832,  Thomas  Miller,  Eliphalet  Reed,  John  Edwards ; 

1833,  T.  Miller,  William  R^'der ;  1834,  John  Leed- 
num,  R.  E.Morrison;  18.35,  John  Leednum,  J.  Ed- 
wards; 1831),  John  lulwards;  1S37,  Robert  .Andcisou, 
Dallas  D.-Love;  1838,  Enos  R.  Williams;  l.s:;;i,  i;nos 
R.  Williams,  I).  Best  (sui.|ily)  ;  1840,  Samuel  (irace, 
IS.  Johnson,  D.  Best;  1841,  Samuel  Grace,  J.D. 
Long;  1842,  Gasway  Gram,  J.  C.  Owens;  1843,  Gas- 
way  Oram,  (;.  1).  ('arrow;  1844,  William  i!.  Goent- 
uer,  David  Titu,;  Ish".,  William  R.  Goentuer,  Henry 


898 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Saiulerson  ;  1846,  Allen  John,  J.  A.  Wliittaker;  1847, 
Allen  John  ;  1848,  James  Hainier,  Allen  John;  1849, 
Jonas  liissey;  ]8r)0,  John  D.  Ourlis,  James  OoKlei'; 
1851, Charles  Karsner,  W.  C.  Unl.inson  ;  l.s.Vj,  (.'|i:iil.-> 
Karsner,  J.  N.  King;  l,sr,;i,  \':,lfiitiiie  (iiay.  J.  ii. 
Dennison;  18:)4,  Valentine  (iray,  A.  Howard  ;  is;,.-,, 
Henry  Sntton,  Jlark  liailey;  1S5G,  George  W.  Ley- 
branil,  J.  Dyson  ;  1857,  George  W.  LcybranJ,  Ge(,rge 
Cnnimins;  1858,  W.  Rink;  1850,  W.  Rink,  J.  li. 
Stewaril,  H.  .Sutton  ;  IMlo,  J.  ('arr<.ll  ;  l.Sdl  -112,  ,1.  N. 
Magce;  18G3-04,  \V.  W.  .Me.Muliael;  Isi',:,,  W.  W. 
JIcMichael,  R.  W.  Jones,  \V.  llannnond;  USGO-lir, 
B.  T.  S^tring,  J.  G.  Wood;  1SU8,  A.  M.  Wiggins,  John 

Wesley  Wright;  1869-70,  H.  B.  Manger, llow- 

land;  1871-73,  Joseph  Gregg,  N.  Turner;  1874-76, 
Samuel  Horwell,  J.  T.  Gray;  1877-78,  R.  C.  Wood; 
1879,  S.  B.  Best;  188U,  William  Rink;  1881-83,  John 
R.  Bailey. 

Melling-er's  Meeting-House.— This  church  was 
built  uj.on  the  land  ul  Martin  Bare,  patent  propri- 
etor, but  not,  as  far  as  can  be  learned,  during  his  life- 
time. The  land  was  given  to  the  meeting  by  his  son, 
Christian  Bare,  and  there  are  no  deeds  for  the  prop- 
erty. The  present  meeting-house  was  built  in  1707. 
This  church  takes  its  name  from  Martin  Slellinger, 
who  married  the  daughter  of  Christian  Bare,  and  was 
a  prominent  nuui  in  the  church  and  neighborhood  for 
over  half  a  century. 

The  church  remains  just  the  same  as  when  first 
built,  and  seems  to  be  able  t,,  stand  the  st,,rnis  of 
centuries  to  cnne.  The  graveyard  attached  to  llii. 
church  is  the  oldest  in  the  towrishi],.  as  it  was  sur- 
veyed and  reserved  by  JMartin  Bare  lor  the  burial  <,l 
the  Palatines  long  before  the  church  wa^  Imilt.  In 
this  quiet,  beautiful  spot  lie  the  remains  of  the  An- 
dreas or  Andrews,  the  ISares,  the  Binkleysor  Binckles, 
as-then  written,  the  Danners  and  Downers,  the  Bough- 
waltcrs  and  fualls,  the  early  Witmcrs,  Martin  Mel- 
liuL-er,  and  all  the  immediate  de.-cendants  ,,f  the  earlv 
Pahitines.^ 

Bird-in-Hand  Hotel.— This  is  then 
township  which  has  |, reserved  its  or 
the  present.  This  property  formed  p; 
liam  McNabb  claim,  wliicli,  at  the  tin 


:iotel  in  the 
il  name  to 
f  the  Wil- 
liis  death, 
_'Nal,l,. 


in  1748,  he  granted  by  will  i,>  In.  s,,„,  .1,,!,, 

from  Jolin  McNabb  and  Isabel,  his  wile,  on  the  1st 
day  of  May,  1755.  From  Joseph  Steer  the  projierty 
passed  into  the  hands  of  John  Witnier  in  1768.  .\t 
his  death  it  passed  by  decree  of  Orphans'  Goiirt  into 
the  hands  of  John  Witnier,  Jr.,  who  sold  it  to  George 
Bressler  in  1775.  From  George  Bressler  and  Freny, 
his  wife,  it  passed  intc,  the  possession  of  John  Bender, 
Sr.,  on  the  Kith  day  of  April,  1802.  John  Bender, 
Sr.,  died  iiitotatc,  ami  on  the  27th  day  of  April, 
1SI18,  .lobn  lieiider,  Jr.,  took   the   prop>.rly  at  the  ap- 


hands  of  A.  E.  Roberts,  Esq.,  assignee,  who  sold  tlie 
hotel  property  to  Benjamin  Gralf.  Benjamin  Graff 
■  lied  in  1853,  and  his  executors  sold  this  to  John 
tiygfr,  Fs,|.  On  the  1st  dav  of  April,  1X65,  it  passed 
into  the   hand-  of  Levi    R.  lilioads,  the   present   pro- 


cted 


d  inn  from  lb.'  earliest  remembered 

cad.puirters  of  the  first  surveyors  of 

17.'JL     Fotir  buildings   have   been 


Tiiere  is  a  legend  extant  that  William  Penn  stopped 
at  this  hotel  on  his  journey  to  the  Indian  village  at 
Wright's  Ferry,  but  this  is  a  mistake,  for  he  did  not 
pass  this  way,  as  there  was  no  road  here  at  that  time, 
I  and  he  came  by  a  road  which  had  been  laid  out 
j  through  the  lower  part  of  tlie  county.  The  present 
hotel  was  litiilt  in  1852  by  lienjaniin  Gralf,  the  former 
building  having  been  burned. 

Railroad  House  at  Bird-in-Hand.— This   hotel 

was  built  by  contract  for  Abraham   Bniiier,  lumber 

merchant,    of  Columbia,    in    18.35.     The    laud   upon 

which  it  was  built  is  part  of  the  old  William  .McNabb 

tract,  and  after  .lohn  McNabb,  son  of  William,  sold 

j  the  property,  through  many  changes  it  came  into  the 

1  hands  of  Abraham  Bruner.     The  hotel  was  built  and 

[  used  for  the  special  accommodation  of  the  men  en- 

[  gaged  in  the  construction  of  the  Pennsylvania   Rail- 

'  road,  which  was  constructed  at  this  time. 

This  hotel  was  leased  to  Henry  Trout,  Jacob  Harsh, 
and  Wendell  Hall,  successively,  until  1866,  when  it 
passed  by  deeil  of  sale  into  the  possession  of  Mr. 
I'eter  Bott'enmyer,  the  present  owner. 

Bridgeport  Hotel  Property.— The  original  ],at- 
entee  of  this  property  is   not  known,  nor  do  any  of 
I  the  old  deeds  mention  any  owner  previous  to  Roger 
!  Htmt  and  wife  ;  nevertheless  they  were  not  the  first 
;  owners,  as  these  jiersims  are  not  among  any  of  the 
(dd   settlers    who^were  granted    patents   under    the 
]"enns.     Roger  Hunt  and  Esther,  his  wife,  sold  this 
property  to  Henry  Hostler  on  the  14th  day  td"  August, 
I   1740.     Heiirv  Lo-lhr  and  wife  granted   it  by  deed  to 
I  James  Webl,  on  the  5tli  day  of  March,  1744.     James 
Webb,  by  dcd,  on  the  14th  day  of  October,  1758, 
sold  it  to  .Lu'ol, .Shoemaker,  subject  to  certain  ground- 
riiits.     Ill  iioiir  (if  these  deeds  is  the  property  spoken 
of  as  hotel  pio|,orty,  e.xceiit  in  the  deed  which  John 
liarr,  l^ip,  ^lierill',  gave  to  Christopher  Franciscus  on 
'  9th  day  of  May,  17ii(l,  who  bought  it  at  thesherill's 
sale  of  Jacob  .sliuriiiakcr.     .\ccording   to   the    fore- 
going sale^  and  dc.d-  tin-  luiti  I  must  have  been  built 
by   Jacob   Slio, linker   l.ctwe.-n    the   years   17.58   and 
1766.     The   pro|,rrly  was  -,1,1  by  ( 'hri-toploT   Fran- 
ciscus and  Kosina.  his  will',  in  1772,  to  .lobn  Witnier 


17S3,   Job 
movcl     I 


W 


iml 


wh. 


In  is 


Locher  family 


KAST    LAMPl<7rEK    TOWNSHIP. 


lit'  Lancaster.  Henry  Lougher  and  wife  sold  it  to 
George  Shiiidel,  tailor,  of  Brid^^eport,  in  1809.  Here 
ii  a  vacancy  with  regard  to  ileeiU.  The  deed  which 
David  Witmer  received  wa.s  a  sheriff's  deed,  but 
whether  the  sheriff  sold  it  asShindel's  or  not  cannot 
he  known.  In  1821  tliis  hotel  passed  from  the  pos- 
session of  David  Witnier  and  wife  to  that  of  Lemuel 
Sapi>ijigton,  from  the  assignees  of  Sappinjrton  to 
Ilndolpli  Kautfman  in  1841,  and  from  him  to  Cyrus 
Miller  in  1847,  and  in  1852  it  passed  from  the  ad- 
nnnistrators  of  Miller  to  the  possession  of  Jlichael 
-Aletzger,  the  present  proprietor. 

This  was  an  old  stand  for  Pittsburgli  wagons,  and 
in  ISlfl  its  proprietor  expected  it  to  be  the  centre  of  a 
rtoiirishing  town,  as  in  that  year  a  man  named  Marks 
Grati;  having  bought  the  land  around  the  hotel  from 
the  former  proprietor,  Wallace,  laid  it  out  in  town 
lots  and  disposed  of  the  lots  by  lottery;  but  these 
great  hopes  were  blasted,  and  it  has  remained  a  sub- 
urban hotel  to  the  present  time. 

Early  Innkeepers  in  Lampeter.— 1 7iio,  August 
term  of  Quarter  C>essions  Court,  the  following  persons 
were  licensed  by  the  king  (George  III.)  to  keep  inns  in 
Lampeter:  Frederick  Larger,  Robert  Eachns,  George 
Aston,  George  Diehl,  William  Christie;  ITGIj,  Chris- 
to]iher  Franciscus,  James  Gibbons;  1774,  Timothy 
McCormick;  177'),  John  Witmer,  Jr.,  Willis  Davis, 
Hannah  Hains ;  177S,'  James  Kerry,  Julin  Willson, 
William  Hains;  1779,  William  Hains,  George  Mi- 
chael Brecht;  1780,  Henry  Shute,  William  Hains; 
17S1,  George  Bressler,  Henry  Shute,  Salome  Hains, 
John  Jloore ;  1798,  Jacob  Hartman  kept  the  "  Bird- 
in-Hand;"  Gaynor  Pierce,  the  "Seven  Stars;"  Ar- 
thur Travers,  the  "Lamb;"  Henry  Ivendrick,  hotel, 
name  unknown;  Jacob  Duchman,  "The  Fountain 
Inn;"  and  Adam  Pickel,  "The  Blue  Ball." 

Eshleman's  Mill  Property. —  In  1719,  Jo-eph 
Bougliwalter,  a  Palatine,  received  a  patent  from  the 
(iruprietaries,  tl^e  sons  of  Penn,  for  one  hundred  and 
lifty  acres  of  land  lying  on  a  branch  of  the  ( 'om-s- 
loga,  in  the  county  of  Chester,  province  ol  IV-nnsyl- 
vania.  This  land  lay  upon  what  is  now  .Mill  Crci  k, 
township  of  East  Lampeter.  The  deed  for  thi-  dart 
seems  originally  to  have  been  taken  by  1-aai;  llen- 
drich,  who,  we  suppose,  resigned  his  claim  to  ,[o--r]di 
Boiighwalter.  Joseph  evidently  built  the  mill,  a^  in 
the  deed  granted  by  him  and  Barbara,  his  wife,  to 
their  son,  Abraham  Buckwaller,  the  mill  property 
and  water  right  are  mentioneil.  Abraham  can  led  <m 
the  mill  till  1798,  when  he  and  his  wife,  Mary,  gave 
a  deed  for  the  property  to  their  son  Benjamin, 
deed  bearing  date  lOtli  day  of  December,  1798.  W 
the  next  transfer  this  mill  passed  out  of  the  Bn 
waiter  family,  having  been  in  their  possession 
eighty  years.  It  also  passed  from  being  a  grist-  : 
merchant-mill  to  a  fulling-mill.  Benjamin  Bn 
waiter  transferred   this  property  to  William  Han 

'  Fioiu  1778  to  1781  licensed  l.y  the  coi.iiiioiiMcKltli. 


ton  for  the  sum  of  £4350,  currency  of  Pennsylvania, 
f.pitil  to  ?10,800,  on  the  1st  day  of  April,  1799. 

William    Hamilton    was   a   manufacturer  of  cloth, 
and  condficted    the  Ini^iiiess  on   Peqnett  Creek  quite 
j  successfully,  ynd  when   he  bought  this   property  he 
I  associated  with  himself  James   Porter  as  a  partner. 
Mr.  Hamilton  carried  on  the  business  until  his  death 
in  ISol.     Jtimes  Porter,  son  of  the  partner,  and  son- 
in-law  of  Hamilton,  took  the   mill   at  the  appraise- 
ment of  the  j.roperty,  and  carrieil   it  on  until   1842, 
when    he  sold   it   to  Benjamin  Eshleman.     Whether 
the  same  mill  which  was  built  by  Boughwalter  stood 
until  this  time  we  ctinnot  tell,  but  the  mill  tit   this 
time  was  very  ohl,  ami  in  ISoO  it  was  luirned.     In 
the  same   vear,    Benjamin    Eshleman   built    the   line 
mill    now    standing.     This    pn.perty   is    now   in    the 
'  hands  of  the  heirs  of  lienjamin  Eshleman,  he  Imving 
died  quite  recently,  and  tis  his  only  surviving  sou, 
B.  F.  Eshleman,  is  a   member  of  the  Lancaster  bar, 
the  business  is  carried  on  by  a  tenant,  Aaron  Hart- 
man,  of  East  Lampeter. 
;       Bushong-'s   Mill— The  land  upon  which  this  mill 
stands  is  part  ot;  the  London  tract,  for  which  James 
\  Gibbons  received  a  title  from   the  projirietaries   in 
I  1723.     In  1732  his  son,  Joseph  Gibbons,  had  the  tract 
'  surveyed,  and  received  a  patent  therefor. 
!      This  mill  was  built  in   1700  by  James   Gibbons, 
grandson  of  the  original  James.     From  the  old  rec- 
;  ords  it  appears  that  he  was  two  years  in  building  and 
I  preparing  this  mill  for  grinding  and  bolting  flour. 
j  The  inscription  on  the  mill  retids,  "  Built  by  James 
I  (Jibbons  and  Deborah  G.,  1770;''  ttnd  in  the  Quarter 
Session  records  the  fbllowiim  tippetirs,  Mttv  25,  1772: 
i  "This   day    James   Gibbon^,    miller   and    boulter  of 

mtirk  a-  lollou^:  ,1.  (iihlMoi-,;  whirli 'he  requested 
mi-ht  he  euterrd  wnli  the  Clerk  of  (Quarter  Sessions 
Court  ac.ordim;  to  law."  James  (ill. bolts  carried  on 
this  mill  until  his  doalJi,  in  ISlo,  when  by  his  will  the 


Willitim    1) 
carried   .m 


Willi; 


Daniel 


which  time  he  added  a  story  to 
iil;  it  the  fine  three-story  mill  as  it 

I  )tiuiil  dying  intestate  and  letiving 
i-  mill  pa-ed  entirely  out  of  the 
eiiry  ICspenshtide  buying  it  from 
r.,  the  ailministrator  of  the  csttite 

of 


the 

of    Williaiit     Daiii 

1.       Henry  i:spcnsh:ule   sold 

Mth 

properly    to    the    | 

resent   owner,   Amos    Busliong 

ck- 

descendant  from  tl 

c  proprietary  Huguenot  family 

for 

that    ntime.  In   wl 

ise   htnids    it   remains    tit    prcse 

itid 

This   is  the   only   , 

lill   now  sttiiidin-  ill  the  towtisl 

ck- 

uhich    wtis    Imilt 

I'lioi-    1,1    ih,.    Kevolutiontirv    u 

nil- 

'Whatahistorvcoi 

Mbewnlloii  conid  those  ., Id  wt 

speak ! 

Graffs   Mill- 

•Vli.x   Landis,  in  1719,  received 

90U 


HISTORY  OF  LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


patent  from  the  sons  of  Penn,  proprietors  of  the  pro- 
vince, for  four  hundred  acres  of  land  situated  on  a 
brancli  of  Conestoga,  county  of  Chester,  province  of 
Pennsylvania.  This  land  was  on  Mill  Creek,  farther 
south  than  the  tract  of  Boughwalter,  and  separated 
from  it  by  the  tract  of  Jlichael  Banner.  In  1731  he 
transferred  ])art  of  this  tract  to  .lohn  Binkley,  also  a 
Palatine,  who  died  intestate  in  1760,  and  his  son, 
Felix  Binkley,  took  one  hundred  and  tliirteen  acres 
and  ninety-six  perches  at  the  settlement  of  the  estate, 
and  in  1767  built  the  mill  at  Millport,  on  Mill  Creek. 
This  mill  remained,  as  far  as  can  be  learned,  in  the 
hands  of  the  Binkley  family,  but  not  the  immediate 
descendants  of  Felix,  Sr.,  until  about  the  year  1820, 
when  John  Binkley  sold  it  to  Jacob  Charles.  It  re- 
mained in  the  Cliarles  family  until  the  first  day  of 
April,  18;iy,  when  the  administrators  of  Jacob  Charles 
sold  it  to  Jacob  Fritz.  From  him  it  passed  into  the  i 
hands  of  Daniel  Potts,  May  23, 1839.  In  1857,  Samuel 
Curtis,  Esq.,  bought  it  from  Daniel  Potts,  and  sold  it 
to  D.  B.  Landis  in  1877  ;  D.  B.  Landis  sold  it  to  ; 
Isaac  Graff  in  1882.  The  old  mill,  as  built  by  Felix  j 
Binkley,  stood  until  1882,'  when  it  was  torn  down,  j 
and  a  fine  new  brick  mill  erected  in  its  place.  The 
old  corner-stone  was  preserved,  and  placed  in  the  ! 
corner  of  the  new  engine-house.  j 

Public    Schools. — To    the    Friends    belongs    the  i 
honor  of  building  the  first  school-house  of  any  im- 
portance  in    this    township.      We   do   not   mean   to 
intimate  that   Friends   only  were  educated,  but  we 
are  speaking  of  those  who  were  the  chief  promoters  i 
of  education.     By  referring  to  the  draft  of  Friends'  ] 
property  at  Lampeter  (East)  it  will  be  seen  that  a  por- 
tion of  the  ground  is  marked  as  set  aside  for  school  , 
purposes.     This  land,  in  common  with   all  the  other 
land  owned  by  Friends,   belonged   to   the   William 
McNabb   tract  under   a   patent,  but  when    Friends 
acquired  it  the  land  had  passed  from  William  Mc- 
Nabb to  his  soft  John,  from  him  to  Joseph  Steer  and 
Grace,   his   wife,   and    from    them   to   Jacob    Hart- 
man,  who  by  indenture  made  the  1st  day  of  January,  | 
1793,  sold  to   William    Brinton,    William    Gibbons,  j 
John  Smith,  and  Benjamin  Owen  a  certain  lot,  piece,  j 
or  parcel  of  land.     This  tract  was  deeded  to  the  said  | 
trustees,  to  their  survivors  as  joint  tenants,  for  the  ! 
sole  use  and  benefit  of  the  people  called  Quakers  on  | 
or  about  Slill  Creek,  for  the  convenience  of  a  school-  ' 
house  and  house  suitable  to  accommodate  a  master  j 
and  family,  to  be  erected  thereon  as  tliey  (Friends)  I 
or  a  majority  of  them  in  a  collective  capacity  may  i 
see  fit. 

This  property  having  been  thus  deeded  in  an  im- 
proiier  manner,  on  the  14th  day  of  September,  1815, 
for  and  in  coiisideratiuii  of  one  dollar  it  was  granted 
to  the  trustees  appointed  by  the  meeting  in  a  collec- 
tive capacity. 

The  school-house  ant)  a  house  for  the  master  were 
built  at  this  time,  all  under  one  roof,  with  the  usual 
eye  to  economy.     This  is  the  large  stone  house  still 


standing  just  north  of  Friends'  meeting-house  in 
East  Lampeter.  For  nearly  fifty  years  it  was  used  as  a 
school-house,  and  nearly  all  the  middle-aged  persons 
living  in  tlie  neighborhood  received  their  preliminary 
education  thiye.  At  the  present  time  it  is  not  u.sed 
for  school  purposes,  and  the  Orthodox  Friends,  to 
whom  it  belongs,  have  leased  it  for  the  term  of  ninety- 
nine  years  for  a  private  dwelling. 

East  Lampeter  accepted  the  common  school  law  in 
1836.  In  1837  there  were  eleven  school  districts, 
eleven  school-houses,  three  hundred  and  sixty-three 
pupils,  and  a  tax  levy  of  $1453,  a  State  appropriation 
of  S1705.75.  Total  receipts  that  year  were  §2656.28  ; 
total  expenditures  were  !?2624.66  ;  and  of  this  amount 
eight  hundred  and  fifty-five  dollars  were  ex[)ended 
for  new  school-houses. 

In  1855  East  Lampeter  had  ten  districts,  ten  houses, 
and  five  hundred  and  thirty-seven  scholars.  Total 
receipts,  $1472.32;  expenditures,  $1797.14.  In  1882, 
there  were  eleven  districts,  eleven  houses,  five  hundred 
and  eighty-six  pupils.  Total  receipts,  $4855.31 ;  total 
expenditures,  $4063.41. 

The  system  of  graded  schools  has  been  adopted  in 
this  town.ship,  and  the  school  system  has  been  very 
much  improved  within  the  last  twenty  years  through 


iial 


:  of  which 


of  the  oldest 
nportant  one, 
Pennsylvania 


the  influence  of  tl 
situated  in  this  county. 

Bird-in-Hand.— Bird-in-Hand  is  o 
villages  in  the  township,  and  is  also  ai 
as  it  is  the  only  regular  station  on  tl 
Railroad  in  the  township,  the  most  important  post- 
office,  and  the  centre  of  several  mail-routes.  The 
oldest  buildings  now  standing  are  the  Friends'  meet- 
ing-house, built  in  1790,  and  the  residence  of  James 
Murphy,  the  exact  date  of  the  erection  of  which  is 
not  known.  The  Bird-in-Hand  Hotel  is  on  the 
oldest  building-site,  but  there  have  been  four  build- 
ings erected  there  from  the  earliest  times  to  the  jires- 
ent.  Although  this  i«  an  important  railroad  and  ex- 
press station  and  post-office,  there  is  very  little  other 
business.  There  is  a  general  store,  a  cigar-store  and 
manufactory,  a  boot-  and  shoe-shop,  two  hotels,  a 
large  lumber-  and  coal-yard,  a  wagonmaking-shop, 
and  a  large  public-school,  not  graded.  This  village 
is  all  laid  out  upon  the  lauds  of  William  McNabb, 
patentee  under  the  London  Company. 

West  Enterprise.— This  village  is  situated  on  a 
road  leading  from  the  old  road  at  Smoketown  to  the 
Horse-Shoe  road,  one  and  a  half  miles  northwest  of 
Bird-in-Hand.  The  railroad  station  and  pust-oflice 
is  Wituier's.  This  village  is"*  of  recent  origin,  hav- 
ing all  been  built  since  the  building  of  the  Penii- 
syTvania  Railroad,  in  1836.  It  is  quite  a  thriving 
place,  contains  two  large  general  stores,  a  fine  c:ilii- 
net-  and  undertaker-shop,  blacksmith-shop,  wagon- 
maker,  and  tin-shop.  There  is  considerable*  business 
done  here.  At  ^V'itmer's  Station  are  situated  large 
coal-  and  lunil>er-yards.  Previous  to  1873  there  was 
no  passenger  station  here,  only  a  warehouse;  but  the 


rsJxj/ 


<p^.u^' 


EAST   LAMPETER  TOWNSHIP. 


901 


(lililioMs  tract.     Tlie  first 
.■t  stuDil  upi)ii   Mill  Creek, 


■wonderful   increase  of  business   in  West  Enterprise 
caused  a  (jassenger  station  to  be  established. 

Smoketown  is  situated  upon  the  old  road  just  west 
of  the  phiee  where  it  crosses  Mill  Creek.  This  village 
is  built  entirely  u| 
liouse  built  upon  t 
one-quarter  of  a  mile  north  of  tliis  village.  It  was 
burned  in  1842,  and  the  stone  whicii  has  been  pre- 
served reads  as  follows  :  ".Tames  ffibbons  ejus  inanus 
scripsit,  hoc  5  mo.  27,  1757."  Tlie  next  building 
which  was  erected  was  the  mill  property,  which  is 
still  standing,  and  another  house  which  stood  imme- 
diately south  of  it.  The  house  was  James  Gibbons' 
dwelling-house,  after  he  built  the  mill,  and  was  an 
inn  during  the  Revolutionary  war.  This  house  was 
burned  in  1837.  There  are  several  houses  nowstand- 
•ing  in  Smoketown  which  antedate  the  century,  but 
tlieir  exact  date  is  unknown.  The  oldest  house  of 
authentic  date  now  standing  was  built  by  Abraham 
Conard  in  1817.  This  village  has  been  of  very  slow 
growth,  and  now  contains  a  general  store,  a  large  tin- 
and  hardware-store  and  manufactory,  the  only  two 
nurseries  in  the  townshij),  a  resident  physician,  a 
large  graded  school,  and  a  merchant-  and  grist-mill, 
but  no  hotel.     The  post-office  is  IJird-in-Hand. 

Soudersburg'. — In  ^Fay,  1717,  Abraham  Duboise, 
of  Ulster  County,  N.  Y.,  received  a  i)atent  from  the 
Penns  for  one  thousand  acivs  .,f  lau.l  on  Pequea  Creek, 
in  this  county.  In  his  will,  datt-d  Oct.  1,  17:^1,  he  gave 
to  his  daughter,  Leah, and  lur  Ini-liand,  I'hilip  Ferree, 
a  life  estate  in  one-half  of  the  one  thoiisand  acres, 
and  the  pro])erty  after  her  death  to  her  children. 
Three  hundred  and  tliirty-three  and  one-third  acres  of 
this  became  the  property  of  their  youngest  son,  Joel 
Ferree,  and  on  March  30,  1789,  he  and  j\lary,  his 
wife,  sold  to  Jacob  Souders  one  hundred  acres.  Upon 
this  land  Soudersburg  was  built. 

Jacoli,  D.ivid,  and  Benjamin  Souders  owned  all 
Soudcr^hurL',  J'lit  a^  only  one  luindred  acres  were 
bought  from  f'liilip  Ferree,  some  of  this  land  must 
have  belonged  to  the  estate  of  Hans  GrafJ',  as  he  re- 
ceived a  i)atent  for  laud  immediately  adjoining 
Abraham  Duboise,  in  Lampeter.  The  first  house  built 
in  Soudersburg  was  erected  by  Hattil  Varman,  who 
bought  land  in  Soudersburg  in  1727,  and  as  FriemK' 
meetings  were  held  here  until  1732,  it  is  to  be  suji- 
posed  that  the  house  was  built  soon  after  the  property 
was  purchased.  The  next  luiildiiig  of  authentic  date 
is  the  Methodist  Church,  which  was  luiilt  in  181)2. 
Whether  or  not  there  wa-.  an  old  bold  in  this  village 
cannot  be  ascertained,  but,  as  the  turnpike  was  only 
finished  in  17!)8,  it  is  not  lik.-ly  that  the  liou,u  of 
Hattil  Varman  was  an  inn  in  early  times.  In 
SouderHhiirg  was  one  of  the  earliest  toll-gates  on  the 
old  turnpike,  and  from  that  dates  the  building  of  this 
village.  It  now  contains  a  post-ollice,  a  general  store, 
two  resident  physicians,  two  hlaoksinith-shops,  slioi'- 
makers,  plasterJrs,  and  carpculer-sbops.  There  were 
formerly  two  hotels  here,  but  now  tlu're  are  none. 


Justices  of  the  Peace. — Lampeter,  James  Black, 
1840;  Michael  Good,  1.S40.  East  Lampeter,  William 
Bull,  1842;  David  F.  Witmer,  1842;  Aaron  S.  Evans, 
1844;  J4)hu  Quigley,  1845;  Christian  B.  Hartman, 
1847;  .lohn  Quigley,  IS.jO;  L.  C.  Lyte,  1851 ;  Andrew 
M.  Frantz,  18.54;  William  Hough,  18.55;  John  Quig- 
ley, 185(;-fil ;  Louis  C.  Lyte,  1802  ;  Peter  Johns,  J.acob 
Rohrer,  18G4;  Peter  Johns,  18G5;  Calvin  Cooper,  1806; 
Peter  Johns,  1870;  Calvin  Cooper,  1871 ;  Peter  Johns, 
1875;  Calvin  Cooper,  1870;  S.  B.  Patterson,  1880; 
Laban  Ranck,  1881. 

In  the  war  of  1812  there  was  not,  as  far  as  can  be 
learned,  one  citizen  of  this  township  in  active  service. 

Tliere  were  very  few,  if  any,  men  from  this  town- 
ship in  the  Mexican  war,  which  was  exceedingly  un- 
popular here,  and  the  saying  went  that  "no  decent 
man  would  go  to  Mexico."  In  the  late  civil  war  the 
general  feeling  was  very  patriotic,  even  among  the 
descendants  of  the  Mennonites  and  Friends.  Al- 
though these  did  not  enlist,  they  cheerfully  paid 
their  war  taxes,  and  sent  many  boxes  of  provisions 
and  other  necessaries  to  the  front.  So  great  had 
been  the  increase  of  population,  and  so  patriotic  the 
influence  of  Jlethodisin  that  East  Lampeter  fur- 
nished her  full  quota  of  men  for  the  front,  and  brave 
men  they  were.  Many  are  enrolled  high  in  the 
temple  of  fame  for  their  cheerful  endurance  of  hard- 
ship and  suH'ering  in  the  defense  of  their  country. 

A  full  account  of  these  volunteers  is  given  else- 
where. 

East  Lampeter  is  one  of  the  mfist  populous  and 
wealthy  townships  in  the  county.  It  has  not  great 
beauty  of  landscape,  as  have  many  of  the  townships  ou 
the  Susquehanna  River,  but  for  richness  of  soil  and 
general  good  character  of  its  people  it  is  unsurpassed 
by  any  other  township  in  the  county.  There  are  no 
manufactures  of  irniiortance,  as  the  great  source  of 
income 'is  agriculture,  and  chiefly  the  culture  of  to- 
bacco. 


HlOdK.M'IIK'Al.    SKKTOH. 


ISL:^ 


I       The  Bush  family  are  of  Holland  Dutch  descent,  the 

colonel's  grandfather,  .John   Bush,  having  emigrated 

to  America  in  bsoo,  and  s.ttled  in  the  southern  por- 

I  tion  of  Berks  County,  Fa.     His  maternal  grttudfather, 

'  ,Iohn  Willaur,  was  of  French  parentage,  and,  having 

made  the  United  States  his  home  in  1812,  located  in 

the  northern  partof  Chester  ^.'ounty,  Pa.    John  Rush, 

the  father  of  the  colonel,  was  born  in  the  southern 

part  of  Becks  County,  his  wife,  Rebecca,  having  been 

a  native  of  the  northern  part  of  Chester  County. 

Mr.  ami  .Mrs.  Ku-li  Inel  ten  cliildren,  four  sons  and 


HISTORY    OP   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


County,  May  2,  18;^6.     He  began  1 

i.s  active  career  as 

delphi 

a  water  boy  in  1844  in  eoiuiection 

with  tlie  widening 

runnin 

of  the  Schuylkill  Canal,  and  reeei 

■ed  for  his  services 

and    ii 

the  sum   nf  thirteen   cents    |ier  (1; 

y.     In   Xovend.er, 

Street 

l)enaence. 

In  1840  he  was  employed  by  Israel  Miller  to  assist 
in  farm-labor  for  the  sum  of  one  dollar  per  month, 
and  the  following  year  resided  witli  Solomon  Stewart,  1 
with  whom  lie  remained  six  years,  alter  which  he  ae-  j 
quired  the  trade  of  a  mason  and  stone-cutter.      In  j 
1858  be  began  the  business  of  railroad  contracting,  j 
his  exceptional  capacity  and   thorough   mastery   of  ' 
the  details  of  the  business  having  ma<le  him  one  of 
the  most  successful  representatives  in  this  branch  of  I 
industry.     He  served  witli   distimlinn   as  an  otficer 
during  the  late  Rebellion,  liaviiig  attained  the  rank 
of  colonel  before  leaving  the  service.     Col.  Bush  has 
been   twice  married.     By  the  first  union  were  born 
two  sons  and  four  daughters,  and  by  the  second,  two  l 
sons  and  two  daughters.  1 


CHAPTER    LX. 

:T    LAMPETER  TOWNSHIl 


If  the  sobriquet  of  "  Garden  Spot"  so  often  given  ' 
to  Lancaster  County  is  truly  won,  then  West  Lam-  j 
peter   township  can  be  fairly  set  down  as  "  Queen  of  , 
the  Garden."    Look  on  her  hills  and  valleys  and  you 
behold  a  picture  of  unbroken  beauty.     Gaze  on  her 
winding  streams  flowing  with  scarce  a  ripple  onward 
to  the  sea,  ladened  with  the  romance  of  the  past, 
whose  banks  abound  in  inviting  nooks  and  dells  in  i 
which  the  Indians  of  tlie  long-gone  past  played  hide-  i 
go-seek,  and  the  heart  becomes  enraptured,  w'hile  the  , 
eye  delights  U)  lose  itself  amid  associations  so  rare.  [ 
Her  forests,  (ifi  !  how  grand  tliey  look  with  their  dark  ] 
blue  tops  [jointing  silently  upward  kissing  the  clouds  ! 

Geography.  —  The  township  is  bounded  on  the 
north  and  west  by  Lancaster,  east  by  East  Lampeter, 
southeast  by  Strasburg,  south  by  Providence,  and 
southwest  by  Pequea  townsliip.  The  Pequea  Creek 
is  the  southeast  boundary,  and  the  Conestoga  Creek 
the  northwest,  receiving  at  tiie  western  extremity  of 
the  townsliip  Mill  Creek,  which  crosses  the  northern 
section  of  West  Lampeter.  The  surface  is  rolling, 
and  the  soil  naturally  lertile  and  abounding  in  ricli 
veins  of  limestone,  and  is  well  cultivated,  and  gives 
to  the  husbandman  abundant  harvests  in  return  for 
Lis  labor. 

Roads.— Thirteen  common  nnuls  and  three  turn- 
pikes course  their  way  through  the  township,  the 
three  last  being  the  Strasburg  turnpike,  running,' 
from  Strasburg,  and  intersecting-with  tlie  old  I'liila- 

1  By  II.  \V.  Milkr. 


north  of  Millport;  the  Beaver  Valley, 

(Jreeii   Tree,   in    Strasburg   township, 

in-    with     the     Lancaster   and    Willow 

DerivaiiiJn  of  Name.— t'lo^i-  ixaniination  settles 

it  that  the  town.-hip  name  was  <lfrivrd  fmm  Peter 
Yeordy,  one  of  the  early  sc-ttlei>,  bcHMU-e  of  his  behij; 
lame,  and  the  name  in  the  lirst  jdaee  was  spelleil 
Lamepeter,  until  modern  art  added  her  touch  by 
blotting  out  the  first  e,  spelling  the  word  Lampeter. 

Organization  of  the  Township.— The  township 
was  formerly  a  jjart  of  East  Lampeter,  but  was  di- 
vided from  tlie  latter  in  18o7,and  organized  tlie  same 
year  into  a  separate  subdivision  ()f  Lancaster  County. 
Early  Settlements.— Xo  pa|i.Ts  iK-aring  thestam]) 
of  reliable  autlioiiiy,  oi,  which  we  can  place  our* 
hands,  give  any  inlorniatioii  as  t(j  when  the  tii>t 
visit  was  paid  to  tlii>  sf(  ti.m  ol'  the  counly  liy  those 
who  afterwards  settled  in  il.  Papei-  in  tlu-  posses- 
sion of  reliable  citizens  of  tlie  township  .say  tliat  the 
Mennonites  broke  ground  for  a  settlement  near  Wil- 
low Street  in  1709  or  1710,  near  where  John  B.  Ken- 
dig  and  Abraham  Mylin  now  reside.  The  pioneers 
were  the  Herrs,  tbe"Mylins,  the  Kendigs,  and  the 
P.owmans,  of  whom  the  ))resent  citizens  of  that  name, 
residing  in  the  townshij),  are  the  lineal  descendants. 
Hans  Herr,  thougli,  was  the  central  figure,  so  to  say, 
bothspiritiially  and  in  purse,  around  which  the  men  of 
smaller  mind  and  lighter  means  revolved  who  asso- 
ciated with  hiin  ;  and  his  descendants,  with  few  ex- 
ceptions, liold  the  original  acres.  In  person,  lie  was 
of  medium  height,  with  long  gray  hair  curled  under 
at  ends  and  parted  in  the  middle;  had  heavy  brows, 
dark  hazel  eyes,  aquiline  nose,  mouth  rather  small 
with  lieavy  lips,  bis  complexion  was  ilorid,  witli  lull 
beard  covering  the  face,  the  whole  lighted  by  a  coun- 
tenance in  which  sweetness  and  austerity  were  grace- 
fully blended. 

He  was  not  only  the  soul  of  energy  in  an  agricul- 
tural point  of  view,  but  erected  the  first  Mennonite 
C'liurch,  a  structure  built  of  sandstone,  the  ruins  of 
which  can  still  be  seen  on  the  farm  now  owned  by 
David  Hoover,  residing  near  Willow  Street.  The 
rude  hand  of  time  has  sadly  changed  the  finish  of  the 
building  since  Hans  Herr  and  his  little  flock  of  fol- 
lowers crossed  its  threshold. 

Indians.- — There  are  no  lineal  descendants  of  tlie 
Indians  residing  in  ^Vest  l^anipeter  township,  nor 
does  tradition  point  to  a  single  spot  of  ground 
within  the  limits  of  the  township  and  name  it  as  the 
place  of  their   happy  repose.     Tlieir  wigwams  have 

any  relics  of  tlit-  Indian-,  that  ^^  e  know  ut,  lyiiical  of 
their   tormer  stav  on    the  soil  of  this  townsliio,  save 


llel 


M.  \U 

:  of  La 


I'si.li 


WEST  LAMPETER   TOWNSHIP. 


903 


I 


I 


sides  being  a  genial  host,  takes  great  pleasure  in  >liun- 
ing  these  relics,  and   persons   feeling  an  inlei\-i   in 
the  matter  will  find  themselves  agreeably  enttrtaiiud. 
They  consist  principally  of  arrow-luads  and    imua- 
hawks,  made  of  Hint,  that  have  hven   tiirind    u\<  l.y 
the  plow.     The  farm  is  a  line  slreU-h  of  upland,  foiu- 
manding  a  beautiful  view  of  Lancavtcr  City,  and  other 
near  towns  and  villages,  while  far  to  the  east  are  seen  , 
the  Welsh  Mountains,  looking  like  a  mighty  giant  in  ! 
slumber,  with  New  Holland  near  the  base  like  an  in-  [ 
fant  nestled  at  a  parent's  feet.     Here  looking  at  the  | 
relics,  and  viesving  the  grand  panorama  of   nature,  ' 
hours  put  on  swift  wings  and  Hy  away. 

Churches. — There  are  four  church  edifices  in  the 
township,  though  there  ai-e  Menuonites,  United  Breth- 
ren, Methodists,  and  Bajjtists,  and  members  of  the 
German  Reformed  Cliurch  residing  iu  the  township.  | 
One  of  these  churches,  the  brick  church  on  the  road 
leading  from  the  vilbi-c  of  Lam].cter  to  WiUnw 
Street,  was  built  by  the  Old  Mennunite^.  Tliecliurtli 
in  Lampeter,  as  well  as  the  church  near  the  intersec- 
tion of  the  common  road  iind  Strasburg  turnpike,  was 
built  by  the  New  Mennonites,  and  the  fine  structure 
in  the  village  of  Willow  Street  was  built  by  the  Ger-  ! 
man  Reformed  Society. 

Those  who  have  been  and  are  now  acting  in  the 
capacity  of  bishop,  and  have  guided  the  destiny  of  ' 
the  Old  Mennonite  Church  in  this  township,  are  as  , 
follows:  Hans  Herr,  then  his  grandson,  then  Bene-  ' 
diet  Hershey,  next  Jacob  ISrubaker,  then  Peter  Ebey,  , 
next  Christian  Herr,  of  Pequea,  then  Joseph  Hershey, 
followed  by  Benjamin  Herr,  with  Isaac  Eby  as  as- 
sistant.    Those  wlio  as  bishops  presided  over  the  New  . 
Mennonite  Church  in  this  townsliip  were  John  Herr, 
founder,  Henry  Bowman,  John  Keeports,  John  Kohr,  , 
and  Daniel  Musser.     It  is  no  stretch  of  the  imagina-  i 
tion  to  assert  that  of  the   followers  of  John   Herr,  i 
Daniel  Musser  became  the  most  conspicuous  man  of  i 
the  churcli^  j 

He  was   oorn   in  York  County,  near  to  the  line  of  j 
Ctimberland,  Nov.  2,  1809,  and  at  the  age  of  filteeji 
set  out  on  foot  for  Lancaster  County,  and  coming  to 
West  Lampeter  township,  jdaced  himself  under  the 
sheltering  care  of  Martin   Jlusser,  M.D.,  with  whom  j 
he  read   medicine.     On  arriving  at  the  age  of  matti-  } 
rity,  or  soon  after,  he  married  Elizabeth  Herr,  daugh-  I 
ter  of  John   Herr,  by  whom  he  had   two  children,  a  ^ 
son  and  daughter,  the  former  being  John  II.  Mu.sser.  I 
.M.D.,  an  able  practitioner,  and  resident  of  the  village  j 
of  Lam[)eter,  and  the  latter  the  wife  of  E.  B.  Mussel-  \ 
man,  of  Strasburg.     About  this  time,  in  connection  j 
with  the  practice  of  medicine,  he  took  an  active  in- 
terest in  the  mercantile  business,  opening  a  store,  and 
lieconiing,' too,  a  recognized  light  in  county  politics.  1 
He  entered  the   ministry   in   1851,  and  was  created 
bishop  in  18()3,  and  died  of  disease  of  the   heart  in  i 
187G,  aged  sixty-seven  years.-  His  was  a  life  of  use-  | 
fulness,  spent  mainly  in  the  amelioration  of  the  sin-  ; 
ner's  condition,  and  gilded  witli  the  glory  of  sui-cess.  . 


His  remains  repose  in  the  cemetery  attached  to  the 
l.nngenecker  Church,  and  around  them  cluster  mein- 
onrs  that  will  not  grow  dim  so  long  as  virtue  is  es- 
tei  lUi'd  or  noble  deeds  exalted. 

Cemeteries. — The  cemeteries  of  the  township, 
though  a1  one  time  not  so  well  cared  for,  have  of  late 
years  become  special  objects  ol^  regard.  There  are 
eight  of  them  in  number, — one  in  Lampeter,  one 
near  the  junction  of  the  common  road  with  the  Stras- 
burg turnpike,  one  about  a  mile  south  of  the  village 
of  Lampeter  (known  as  Musser's),  one  known  as  the 
Brick  Church  Cemetery,  on  the  road  leading  from 
Lampeter  to  Willow  Street,  one  in  the  suburbs  of 
Willow  Street,  une  near  the  residence  of  Benjamin 
F.  .Mylin.  one  known  as  the  Rohrer  Cemetery,  an.l 
one  located  near  the  Big  Spring,  known  as  Lefevre's. 

Societies. — Outside  of  church  members  there  are 
no  organized  societies  in  West;  Lampeter  township, 
tlnnigh  members  of  dilferent  sneielie-,  with  organiza- 
tions elsewhere,  are  found  within  it?  limits.  The>e 
consist  of  Od.l-Fellows,  Masons,  lied  .^len,  American 
Mechanics,  etc. 

Industries.— There  are  five  grist-mills  and  three 
saw-mills,  one  sash-factory,  four  stores,  six  black- 
smith-shops, and  three  hotels  in  the  township.  Tlie 
mills  make  excellent  flour,  the  sash-factory  does  fine 
work,  the  stores  are  models  in  their  line,  the  black- 
kept.  ' 

Area,  Population,  etc, —West  Lampeter  has  an 
area  of  IIA'-'j'  acres;  a  jjopulation,  including  the 
villages  of  Lampeter  and  Willow  Street,  of  202li  in- 
habitants. The  number  of  taxables  are  542,  and  the 
assessed  valuation  i.ttlie  pmperty  amounts  to  ^^3,310,- 
."iTO. 

The  village  of  Lampeter  has  a  population  of  191 
inhabitants,  and  the  village  of  Willow  Street  182. 
These  villages,  particularly  in  the  summer  time,  wear 
an  inviting  appearance. 

There  are  four  post-offices  in  the  township, — one 
in  Lampeter,  one  in  Wilh.w  Street,  one  at  Wheatland 
Mills,  and  one  at  Lime  Valley. 

The  Schools.— In  no  res]iect,  within  the  recollec- 
tion of  the  writer,  has  the  order  of  things  changetl 
more  in  West  Lampeter  township  than  in  respect  to 
her  schools.  In  the  long  gone  past  almost  any  kind 
'of  a  building,  no  matter  how  dark  or  dingy-looking 
it  was,  the  good  people  of  the  township  deemed 
well  fitted  for  a  school-house.  Luckily  those  days  are 
gone,  and  a  brighter  bow  of  promise  spans  the  intel- 
lectual mists,  filling  the  future  with  hope,  as  the  fol- 
lowing rep(U-t  of  her  schools  for  the  year  to  June  5, 
1882,  will  abundantly  prove.     The  ref.ort,  let  it  be 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 

l!lO(il!AI'lll('.\l-     SKHTd 


!V     MISSIOK. 


Ltuic-ast 
br:iiich  ( 
Kenjaiiii 
tlif  first 


.f   Ml 


or 


Compare  the  above  reimrt  with  the  lirst  report  made, 
that  of  1805,  which  will  lie  loiiiul  in  the  fullowiiig 
table,  and  the  reader  will  readily  see  the  advance 
made  in  the  matter  of  scIkkiIs  in  West  Lampeter 
towiisliiii  iii  the  interval  of  time  fiom  ISo'j  to  1882. 


The  present  board  of  school  directors — and  there 
never  was  a  better — is  cdiiipoM'd  ,il'  the  followino- gen- 
tlemen :  President,  IJ.  l'..  IKir;  Secretary,  H.  M. 
Herr;  Treasnrer,  J.  li.  Hoiimt,  H.  .M.  Musscr,  J.  B. 
Kendig,  A.  Mowrer. 

Tlie  following  ladies  and  gentlemen  are  regarded  as 
among  the  best  of  the  profession,  and  are  the  teachers 
in  Lampeter  township  :  Lampeter,  H.  C.  Fiekes  ;  Wil- 
low Grove,  Miss  E.  R.  Shanley ;  Fairview,  W.  V. 
Lewis;  Locust  Grove,  Miss  Amanda  Landes;  High- 
land, Frank  Shibley  ;  Temperance,  Miss  Lizzie  B. 
Newswenger;  Rock  Vale,  T.  B.  :Miller;  Wheatland, 
Miss  Mary  Harvey. 

The  buildings  are  (jf  brick,  mounted  with  dome 
and  bell;  ullhin  they  arc  parl..i-  in  point  .d'  light, 
flooring,  seatijig,  ami  desks,  in  shoit,  they  cont.iin 
everything  that  caie  can  invent,  calcnhiled  to  ~p,  r.l 
the  mind  and  add  to  the  comlort  ..f  the  pnpil. 
They  are  built  on  elevated  jdots  .,f  ground,  with 
an  outlook  taking  in  a  wide  extent  of  hill,  valley, 
and  forest,  dotted  with  palace  home  and  lowly  cot, 
furnishing  u  pleasing  landsca|]i'  to  the  eye. 

Justices  of  the  Peace.— The  justices  of  the  peace 
for  West  Lainjieter  township,  since  tln'  adoption  of 
the  State  constitution  allowing  townships  to  elect 
such  ollieers,  have  been  as  follows 

Hpnry  Oirpi'litiT,  .\iiril  12,  IS42.  Aliilieiia  Curpenler,  .\]iril  II,  ISM. 
CiMistliin  Hosa,  April  11,  l.sja.           ,   (J.  S.  Zoaher,  iliiy  S,  ISlo. 

Ueiu-y  Ciiilieiitc.t,  April  i;i,  Hj47.  E.  R.  Miller,  April,  1ST2. 

ChristiiUi  Hfsa,  April  11,  1818.  S^iiiiiK-l  Weaver,  A|,ril,  1S74. 

Clirisliiiri  (l.,rdy,  April  0,  l.Wd.  C.i-|,ir  Il;,i  lu,,,ii,  Apiil,  IsT.", 

Levi  llubfr,  April  11,  1«51.  S^mmm.I  \\i,,i.i.  A|.ol,  1-7.. 

Uenry  Miller,  April  11,  1S6G.  Al|.l,,n.  <  .a  i  n.l.i .  .\|iiil,  l-7s 

Levi  Ilul.i-r,  Apiil  I'J,  lb.VJ.  S.iiiiurl  W.i.v.i,  A|.nl,  I -^Til 


the  family  of  uliich  this  im-nioir  is  written, 
Mnsser,  Ihr  graiulfatlier  of  our  subject,  is 
f  whom  anything  is  known.  He  resided 
upon  and  ouiicil  the  larm  lately  owned  by  Jacoli  S. 
Whitmcr,  at,  Turkey  Hill,  in  Manor  town.ship,  Lancas- 
ter County.  He,  Benjamin,  married  a  5Iiss  Nicely, 
who  bore  him  seven  children,  all  of  whom  migrated 
to  Newmarket,  Cumberland  Co.,  Pa.,  where  many  of 
their  descendants  still  reside.  For  his  second  wife 
he  married  Maria  Souders,  whos,.  cliil.lren  were  Ben- 
jamin, Joseph,  Jlartin,  Daniel,  who  died  young; 
JLirtha,  married  to  John  llivss;  ami  Li/zie,  who 
married  Abraham  Hess.  Of  the  sons,  Benjamin  was 
a  farmer,  and  passed  his  .lays  in  his  native  county. 
Joseph  became  a  plivsiiian  and  moved  to  Ohio, 
where  he  died,  Icavin^j  a  son  and  two  daughters. 
Martin  was  born  .March  o,  IT'.K!,  in  the  homestead  in 
Slanor,  where  lie  grew  to  manhood.  After  acquiring 
a  common-school  education  he  studied  medicine  with 
his  father,  who  was  a  successful  jjractitioner,  and 
wlieii  twenty-two  years  of  age  began  the  practice  of 
his  iirofession  at  Lampeter  S(|Uare,  in  this  county, 
where  he  in  time  had  a  large  and  successful  practice. 
In  1835  he  sold  his  property  in  Lampeter  to  his 
nephew,  Dr.  Daniel  Musser,  and  bought  a  farm  about 
one  mile  south  of  Lampeter,  on  which  he  moved,  in- 
tending to  quit  the  practice  of  his  profession,  which  he 
did  as  nearly  as  possible.  On  the  farm  then  bought  he 
died  in  1848.  In  1815  he  married  Annie,  daughter  of 
Jacob  Hostetter.  She  was  horn  Fch.  7,  17!l(!.  Their 
children  were  Maria,  born  ,liily  ;!1,  ISIG  ;  Abraham, 
July  15,1817;  Jacob  11.,  Jan'  24,  IMii  ;  Benjamin, 
Sept.  1,  1820;  Hliuv,  Oct.  .-.,  1S22;  .Martin,  June  IS, 
1824;  Martha,  June  12,  ls2o;  Martin,  .^^cpt.  14,  1X2?  ; 
Daniel,  June  is.  Is_".)  :  .Vuna,  .May  .s,  1H;;1;  Anna, 
.May  i;i,  is:;:j;  .•Sii-annah,  April  27,  1835;  Gideon, 
.Inly  1,  ls:;7;  and  lanma,  Nov.  25,  1838.  Maria, 
Abraham,  Martin,  .A.nna,  and  f.iideon  died  in  infancy. 
Of  the  sons,  Jacob  II.,  Benjamin,  and  the  second 
]\Iartin  became  doctors.  Henry,  the  fifth  child,  was 
born   in   Lampeter  Sipiarc,  wIutc  In-  remained  until 

larm,  as  heretofore  .set  forili,  where  his  boyhood 
and  young  manhood  days  were  passed.  It  was  in- 
tended that  he  too  should  become  a  physician,  and 
for  a  time  lie  read  medicine,  but  abandoned  it  and 


itc 


1  he  resided  twenty-seven  years, 
if  Lancaster's  successful  farmers 
1.  lie  was  in  early  life  a  Whig, 
iblican    i.artv  when  it  fir.,t  oriran- 


tffg^f-    '>^.CSVS^^^ 


LANCASTP]R   TOWNSHIP. 


ized,  and  is  and  has  ever  been  one  of  its  stalwart 
members.  He  Las  many  times  represented  his  town- 
ship in  the  county  conventions,  and  lias  held  most  of 
the  township  offices,  especially  school  director,  which 
office  he  held  many  years  in  succession.  In  1860  he 
was  elected  clerk  of  the  Court  of  (.Juarter  Sessions, 
which  office  he  filled  with  credit  for  three  years.  In 
the  fall  of  1881  he  was  chosen  by  the  [leople  ]io.>r- 
liouse  director  for  three  years.  He  was  one  of  the 
first  stockholders  in  the  Strasburg  Hank,  and  ten 
years  one  of  its  directors.  For  his  first  wife  he  mar- 
ried Hiss  Elizabeth  Breneman,  daughter  of  Henry 
and  Elizabeth  {Neff )  Breneman.  She  was  born  Jan. 
IS,  1825,  and  died  Feb.  ;!,  1879.  To  them  have  been 
born  four  children,  as  follows:  Milton  B.,  Oct.  20, 
1846;  Ada,  Aug.  28,  1847,  died  in  infancy  ;  Henry  E., 
born  Feb.  17,  1852;  Charles  M.,  May  1,  1857,  died 
Dee.  1,  1865.  Milton  B.  graduated  at  Jefferson  Col- 
lege, Pliihidelphia,  and  was  elected  resident  physician 
of  Blockley  Almsliou>e,  which  position  he  held  fifteen 
months,  when  he  openeil  an  office  in  the  city  of  Phila- 
delphia, where  he  has  an  extensive  and  lucrative  jirac- 
tice.  Henry  E.  also  griuluated  at  Jefferson  College, 
receiving  liis  diploma  with  the  class  of  1875.  He  first 
practiced  in  Centreville,  Lancaster  Co.,  but  is  now  in 
East  Lampeter,  where  he  linughl  out  his  cousin,  Dr. 
Frank  .Mu^ser,  and  wlinv  he  is  iiK-ainL'  with  (in,' 
success.  For  liis  sccnnd  wile  Mr.  Ik-nry  Mu-^.r 
married  Mrs.  Sarah  Stoiier,  daughter  uf  Cyrus  and 
Catherine  (  Willis  i  Porter. 


ClIAPTKi:    LXI. 
LAXCAsii:i;  Tl>^^'NslIIl'.l 

Lancasteh  was  (Uie  of  the  original  townships,  and 
its  boiiiuhirii^  as  (K-lined  in  172;i  were  as  follows: 
'■Beginniiig  at  the  'old  Duri..r\'  Ford  (Dr.  Hans 
Henry  Nefl'j,  thenrr  (h.wn  the  w.-^t  side  of  Conestoga 
Creek  to  the  '  Manor  I  .Iik-.'  (  Ihipc  by  said  line  to  Little 
Conestoga  Creel;,  then.v  up  tin-  said  creek  by  Hemp- 
field  township  |„  Manheini  township,  tlieiuv  l.y  s:,id 
t,,wns|ii|,  tn  tlie  phi.,'  of  lM--inning."  Thr  old  Dt.r- 
tur's  For.l  was  ai  Saniurl  Kanlc's  mill,  and  at  a  point 
where  tin-  (irallsiown  road  .anic  to  the  neck.  This 
is  an  older  road  than  tlio  Pluladclpiiia  road,  whirh 
crossed  at  Witnua's  I, ridge,  half  a  milr  larlhcr  down 
the  errek.  In  aiea  Fan, aster  was  the  smallest  (dthe 
..rigiiial  townships. 

^Vhen  the  county-se:it  was  permanently  hjcated,  ;i 
town-site  two  miles  s(|Uaro  w;is  cut  out  of  its  nortliern 
part,  whiidi  divide.l  its  t,-rritory  into  two  p:irts.  This 
h;is  always  \n:vu  an  innniveni.-ncc  to  the  citizens  oC 
the  township. 

The   land   bor.lering  on   Big  alid   Little  Conestoga 


Creeks  is  of  a  gently  rolling  character.  At  frequent 
intervtds  it  is  broken  with  ravines,  through  which 
How  streams  and  rivulets,  wliose  waters  mingle  with 
the  Conestoga. 

A  thick  gr.iwth  of  heavy  tindier,  such  as  hickory, 
oak.  and  \valnut,  originally  giew  upon  the  high 
gronnil.  Snnill  scruh-oiik  and  hickory  and  hazel- 
hn-lu's  grew  in  the  swaiiipv  giound,  in  which  several 
streams  had  I  heir  migin  (now  within  the  city  limits). 

1  A  rich  loam  was  nndi-ilaiil  with  a  clay  subsoil.  Lime- 
stone was  aliiinilant,  hut  di<l  not  interfere  with  the 
cultivation  ol'  the  soil.  Nearly  every  farm  had  U]ion 
it  a  spring  of  water  or  passing  through  it  a  runidng 
hi-ook. 
.The  present  area  of  the  township  is  four  thousand' 

'  and    forty-five   acres.     There    are   a    very  few    acres 

'  called  "crip])le  land,"  and  not  tillable. 

Early  Settlers.— The  assessment-list  for  the  year 
U'll   is  the  earliest  one  now  on  file  in  the  commis- 

'  sinners'  otliee.  At  this  time  every  one  of  the  Swiss 
.Mennonite  pioneers  who  settled  in  the  township  in 
1717-20  had  gone  to  their  long  home: 

I       John  Musser,  Henry  Besb,  John  Christy,  George 

j  Hency,  James  Webb,  Abraham  Neff,  Martin  Walk, 
John  Thomas,  .John  Kough,  John  Braston,  Jacob 
Tomhough,  Benjamin  Hershey,  Abraham  Myers, 
Widow  Tn^lnnan,  Ohijstian  I'liimharge,  Kudy  Hare, 
,la,'ol,  Mnenani;!.,  .lolin  Sliiiiek,  Conrad  'Miller, 
Ahrahani  Hare  leolle.-lor  of  taxes  1751),  Cliristian 
Hare,  Peter  .Miissehnan,  .lohii  .^hiriek,  .lohn  Stewart, 
Jacob  Hostetter,  .laeoh  Fetter.  .laeoU  ( Irei.ler,  and 
Christian  Shank,  .Mirliael  Shank. 

The   d(-eendanls   of   hut   three   or    four   of    those 

I   named  (oi  this  as-essinent  now  live  in  the  township. 

I  The  following,  is  a  i.  tnin  of  all  males  between  si.K- 
teen  and  fifty  years  in  the  year  177(5  :  A^alentine  Ba.ss- 
ler,  Andrew  Bausinan.  Hans  Behler,  Conrad  BIygert, 
Henry  Christy,  Hans  Cliristy,  Hans  Detty,  Daniel 
Erisman,  Jacob  EJeneiser,  Jacob  Greider,  JIartin 
Oreider,  JMichael  Trreider,  Henry  (Jreider,  Hans 
Greider,  Jacob  Greider,  Abraham  (irinewald,  Hans 
Getz,  Williani  Gram,  Henry  Herr,  Rudolph  Herr, 
Emmanuel  llerr,  Christian  Herr,  Jacob  Hostetter, 
Hans  llo-ti'ttei,  Lawienc  Klopfer,  Henry  Lemon, 
Xiele.las  I.oeh,  .lolin  Mendehaeii,  Henry  Miller, 
Adam  Martin,  ,Ios,.|,|i  Slienk,  Christian  Shenk,  Hans 
Slienk.diriMiaii  Shenk,  Henry  Shenk,  HansSliwenk, 
I'le.leriek   Welier,  William  Wei. I.,  James  Webli,  ,1  r. 

Sketches  of  Pioneer  Settlers.— When  the  "  new 
surveys"  were  made  on  the  west  side  of  the  Cones- 
toga, in  the  year  1717,  tin'  jiioneers  came  into  the 
township.  CominiMicing  :rt  the  northeast  corner  of 
the  township  we  liiid  Dr.  Hans,  Henry  Nelf,  who 
settled  where  Samuel    KanI;    lives,  at    Big  t'onestoo-a 


islli 


liy  .S.,„u,..t  Ev 


906 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


hind  where  he  was  then  settk>d  from  tlie  English 
Land  Cojnpany,  who  had  five  thousand  Ave  hundred 
and  fifty-three  acres,  most  of  wliich  hxy  in  Lam|>ettr 
townsliip.  The  doctor's  hind  was  oji  tlie  west  ^idr  <>( 
theConestoga,whieli  fell  into  Jlaidieimand  l,:iHc:i'-lrr 
townships.  In  the  year  ITI'.S,  Dr.  Nelf  and  hi-  wile, 
Franca,  sold  one  hundred  and  lifty  acres  to  Sehasliaii 
Gralfe,  .shopkeeper  in  l.aaea-lei-  t.Mvnstead.  The 
homestead  farm,  grist-,  -aw  ,  aijil  od-uiills  he  gave  to 
his  son  Ahrahani,  who  also  sold  to  tseliustiau  (iralle, 
iu,1750.  Dr.  Nelf  was  the  lirst  regular  praetieirjg 
physician  in  the  county. 

Jaines  Webb  settled  upon  tlie  land  adjoining  Dr. 
Neif  on  the  south.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Legis- 
lature for  twenty-two  years,  comniCJicing  in  1757,  ai^d 
ending  in  1778.  His  son,  .Tame-  Webb,  .Jr.,  was 
elected  sheriff  of  the  county  for  the  years  17i-;7,  17GS, 
and  ]7G'J.  He  niariied  the  second  time  Jane  I'arlc,  ' 
widow,  whosurvi\rd  Imn,  and  died  in  17M.  William, 
son  of  James,  .Ir.,  wa-  a  nj.iLii-tiale  tor  a  lunnb.r  nf 
years,  and  a  member  of  .\— endily  tni  the  years  17'.l(i, 
180.^-G.  This  family  wa-  a  prominent  one.  Tlie 
earlier  members  ol'  it  weie  (^naker-.  The  name  has  ' 
for  many  years  disappeared  from  the  a— e-sinent-rolls 
of  the  county. 

Peter  Lemon,  a  Swiss  .^leiinonite,  in  1717  settled 
upon  what  is  now  the  county  farm,  which  contaiiieil 
one  hundred  and  ninety  acres.  He  died  in  1744.  1  b 
married  the  tirst  time  in  Switzerland.  After  he  set- 
tled at  the  Conestoga  lie  married  the  widow  of  Idoyd, 
or  Light,  wdio  resided  in  the  township  of  Caernarvon. 
He  had  one  son  by  his  last  wife,  but  he  gave  his  step- 
children an  equal  share  of  his  property.  Jle  left  a 
son  Jacob,  who  died  without  issue,  and  daughter  liar- 
bara,  who  married  Daniel  Heidler,  of  Hellam  town- 
ship, York  (',).,  whose  descendant-  are  numerous 
there. 

John  Lemon  (174H-lS'i4)  married  Anna,  daughter 
of  Henry  Baer,  son  of  Henry  B.ier,  who  settled  in 
Conestoga  tmvn-hip,  at  the  nioutli  ol  a  run  wliii  h 
enters  Conestoga  Creek  at  the  village  (d'  Uockville. 
He  purchased  several  hundred  acres  of  laii.l  in 
Hempiield  townslii]),  near  the  village  of  Hemplield. 
His  son  John  (178:i-lSi!:i)  married  Elizabeth  Jiaer 
(1785-1868).  They  had  one  son,  John  (1S09-51), 
who  was  a  prominent  eiiizeii.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Legislature  for  the  years  183(j  and  1837.  He  was 
an  active,  intelligent,  and  useful  business  man.  He 
settled  up  many  estates  in  the  neighboriiood.  He 
left  a  son  Harry,  who  was  elected  to  a  seat  in  the 
State  Legislature  in  1801-02,  and  is  now  deputy  re- 
corder, and  a  director  of  the  h'armers'  Bank  of  Lan- 
caster. He  owns  a  plantation  near  Landisville.  in 
East  Henipfield  township. 

By  her  lirst  lill-band,  .Mrs.  I'eler  Lemon  had  a  son, 
Henry  Light,  to  wh.nn  hi-  -lep-father  gave  the  county 
farm  and  a  grist-  and  clover  niiU.  He  gave  the  larin 
to  his  sou,  John  Liglit,. win.  sold  it  to  Matthias  Slough, 
in  17".M.i,  lor  XliOOU.      Henry's  son  Jactd.i   received   llie 


grist-  and  clover-mill  and  a  farm.  He  died  in  1808, 
and  gave  all  of  his  property  to  his  nephews,  Samuel 
ami  -Martin  Light,  who  were  the  .sons  of  his  brother, 
.luhii  .Light,  win.  r.'sided'  in  Lami.eter  town-hii.. 
I'hi-  mill  wa.  on  lli.'  ( 'one-t.)ga  Creek,  at  a  V'iut 
where  the*  road  leading  Iruiii  Lanea-ler  to  Marlic 
lM>rge  and  Kurkliulder's  ferry  at  the  river  cro-sed 
the  creek,  which  was  probably  at  or  near  Keigart's 
landing. 

Margaret, '//;.,.s"('radl,.,"  a  daughter. ,f  Mrs.  Lemon, 
lonnerly  Light,  marrh  d  .\dam  /ell,  of  Caerii.irvon 
townshij). 

It  was  a  very  unusual  circumstance  in  the  early 
days  of  the  settlement  to  devise  property  to  those  not 
of  the  blood  of  the  testator.  In  this  case  there  was 
no  discord  betw<-eu  Mr.  Lemon's  children  and  his 
step-cliildreii.  They  divided  the  properly  amicably. 
John  was  a  son  bv  his  la-t  wife.  He  wa-  born  only  a 
year   before  he  died. 

Francis  Nelf  wa-  .i  brother  of  Dr.  Han-  Xelf.  He 
was  a  !Swi,s  .Me mile,  and  -ettled  about  a  udle  far- 
ther down  the  creek,  below  hi-  brother's  location,  ill 
1717,  and  took  up  two  luimlred  and  twenty-five  acres, 
the  hirgest  ])orlioii  of  which  lay  in  the  bend  of  the 
creek  lielow  Wilnier'-  bridge.  .Vbout  seventy  acres 
lav  <iii  the  soiitliea-1  si.le  of  the  creek,  in  Lampeter 
tnwn-hip,  which  ran  lo  ihe  old  factory.  He  built  a 
gri-t-  and  -aw-mill  in  17-s,  the  water-p..wer  of  which 
i-  iiuw  owned  bv  Ihe  eiivnf  Lauca-ler. 

lb.  died    inle-lai,-   in   the   year    1710.      In   the  year 

his  land,  tu  l.iidw  I,,  Siui'i,.,  a  tavern-keeper  in  Lanca.- 
ter,  and  the  lallier  nf  .--herilf  Ludwig  Stone,  who  in 
I7.'i(l  sold  to  ,lulin  Chii-ty.  who  in  1779  sold  to  .Inhn 
Witnier,  ,lr.,  aiel  (  hmnr  l;,,ss,  Esq.,  who  in  ISO.' 
sold  to  J. dm  8warr.  miller,  of  Heukpfield  township, 
who  in  180.'.  -old  one  hiimlred  and  fifty-nine  acres 
to  .Jacob  Miller,  who  built  the  old  factory  upon  the 


icis     Nef 


nd  .loll 
Daiiii 


Francis,  Henry,  Danie 
,lio  married  a  Miss(_)be 
id   led   I'.a 


D.i 


and  one  daughter,     .lohn  died   in   1 
bara,  Elizabeth,  .\iiiia,  lleiirv,  and  J. dm. 

Abraham    Witnier   was   probably   the   grandson 
Benjamin    Wilnnr,    who   settled   upon    the   Lond 


•12,  ami  took  up  twi 


liuiidreil  anil  lllty  .icres  of  land,  about  one  mile  east 
of  Conestoga  Creek,  at  a  point  where  the  Horse-Shoe 
road  intersects  with  the  old  Philadel]ihia  road.  He 
was  a  Huguenot,  and  for.  many  years  he  and  his 
family  were  agents  for  the  London  Land  Coinpany. 
The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  one  of  the  most  pioin- 
iiienl  and  public-spirited  citizens  of  the  county.  \l 
the  cloSL-  of  the  KeN  ulnlionary  .var  he  renio\ed  from 
Lani|,eter  towii-hipto  the  we-t  hank  of  the  t^me-toga 
Creek,  where  he  erected  a  hotel  at  the  point  where 
the  Philadellihia  road  cro.-sed  that  stream. 


ORIGINAL   SURVEY   OF    LAND    IN 
LANCASTER  TOWNSHIP 


LANCASTER   TOWNSHIP. 


907 


In  the  year  1789,  Witmer  piircluised  seventeen  iieres 
oflanJ  adjoining  bis  hotel  I'rom  William  Wehb,  Esq. 
In  the  year  1812  he  and  John  Gratf  ( who  was  a  ilesceu- 
dant  of  John  Graft',  one  of  the  first  |nirchaser-  in 
the  London  tract  in  1722)  purchased  one  hiuidrril 
and  forty-two  acres  and  laid  out  the  villa^a^  of  (ir, id- 
town,  adjoining  the  easU-ni  linundary  nf  Lunca-ti-r, 
and  also  ninety  acres  uf  hind  i>ii  Ihr  t'a-.t  -ide  nf 
Conestoga  Creek,  and  oippo^ile  to  the  lir>t-iHrntioned 
tract  (upon  wdiich  tberu  wa>  a  L'vi-t-  and  laidiiiL'- 
mill),  from  Andrew  (iniii;  i:~(|.,  >nii  uf  .^cbaslian 
Grali;  for  fifty  thou=,and  pounds.  At  tbi-  time  Wit- 
liundred  acres  of  bind  on  the 
iich  he  purchased  linm  (  Imrles 


i-ned  tw< 
a  River, 


L-ld       L'l 

na    Ui' 


■k"  a 


)3-S 


We. 


lumdr 


,-b   loll 


le  b. 


mer  als 

Snsquel 

Smith,  Iw].,  who  built  "Ha 

farni.      He  also  owned   eleve 

at,   the    nioutli    of    (Jleajfiel 

Branch  of  the  Susfpi 

chased  from  Josiah  Mathiek  ir 

acres  below  Clearfield  Town  ii 

In  addition  to  these  tracts 
acres 'on  the  West  Branch  o 
mouth  of  Clearfield  Creek  hi 
fifty-eight  lots,  which  he  callc 
the  site  of  an  In<liau  village 
known  as  Clearfield,  the  coiinl 

Witmer  wa.  eangbt  in  tbe  r 
the  speculative  peri.„l  nf  ihe 
rowed  large  sum.  ..f  m.m.'y  limn  llie  Laiiea-ter 
Trading  Com [lany  and  tlie  I'aiinei.'  I'.ank  of  Lan- 
caster. He  paid  tbi.  iiidebteibe  ,>  in  1  S:J7.  Mr. 
Witmer  was  a  member  ol    Av.embly  in  17111. 

Jacob  Hostetter  was  a  Swiss  .Meniionite,  and  came 
with  the  Greidcrs  and  Brubaker.  in  1717  and  settled 
on  the  Conestoga  Creek.  He  and  Michael  Greider 
took  up  a  tract  of  land  bordering  on  Lancaster  City 
on  the  south,  and  west  of  South  Queen  Street.  When 
Conestoga  Manor  was  divided  and  sold  to  actual  set- 
tlers in  173,\-38,  Mr.  Hostetter  purcha.sed  five  hun- 
dred acres  ofland  along  the  We=t  F.raneh  of  Little 
Conestoga  Creek.  The  land  is  a  little  nortlnvest  Irum 
the  centre  of  Manor  township. 

Jacob  Hostetter  left  a  --on  , Jacob,  who  had  a  son 
John,  who  had  John,  Ann  (Kauinnan ),.  Barbara 
(Greider),  Jacob,  and  Christian.  His  other  cliildrcn 
were  Abraham,  Anna  (Brubaker),  Barbara  (Her=hey), 
Llizabeth  (Bomberger),  Margaret  (( ireider),  and  Catb- 
arine.  Some  of  Mr.  Hostetter'..  doeembuits  live  upmi 
and  own  part  of  the  Manor  farm.  From  this  family 
liave  branched  many  who  still  retain  Ibe  name. 

Henry  Hostetter,  who  wa.  a  memlier  i>f  Assembly 
in  l.S2;i,  and  who  was  the  last  Democrat  elected  in  tbe 
county  until  the  advent  ..f  tbe  •'  Kiiuw-.Xotbinij  ' 
party  in    IS.Vi;  suddenly   dropi'cd   pnlitie.   and  joined 

one  of  their  mo.t  prnminent   p.eaehers.      One  .,f  the 
youngest  and  in.isi  proiiii.ing  menilieis  uf  tliis  family 

rising  in  his  jirofessioii. 


Michael  Greider  also  purchased  two  hundred  and 
fifty  acres  of  land  at  the  inoutli  of  tjonestoga  Creek, 
on'  tlie  Manor  side.  One  of  bis  sons  moved  to 
Cbikis«  Creek,  at  John  Moore's  niill.  The  descend- 
ants of  .'\[iebael  (Ireidei  ale  iiunnrous,  and  are  scat- 
tered over*  this  and  the  adioining  counties.  Safe 
Harl.or'is  built  up.m  tbe  .'Miebael  ( Ir.'ider  tract,  at  the 


11. 

lis 

I'll  he 

t  u 

a. 

a  Swiss 

Meui 

ouite,  and  settled 

on   t 

le  e 

I  St    1) 

ink 

ol 

l.illle 

'onest 

ga  Creek  in  1717. 

He  a 

nd  I 

saac 

Ka 

Uf 

nail   am 

Melc 

loir  Erisman  took 

up   se\ei 

hu 

(Itl 

1 

lud  lib. 

en    ae 

es  of  land,  which 

joine 

1  tl 

e    lb 

uba 

ke 

■s'    land 

on   tlu 

south.     Tubert's 

share 
whie 

of 

1  b 
tbi- 

lam 

L: 

as 

,  w 

:H;;: 

nil, die 

d  and  four  acres. 

These   person.s 

.11,  and  be  did  not 

get   1 

is  ]; 

itelit 

nil 

il 

\oV.    11 

IT.li, 

vbeii  it  was  made 

in   tl 

e   n 

ime 

,t  1 

is 

danglite 

r  Ann 

who  <lied  in  her 

mill. 

rity 

1111 

liar 

ie 

1.     The 

pro|ierty  became  vested. 

in   t 

lie  o 

J.. 

bn 

Staull'e 

■,  who 

was  the  sister  of 

Han 

,Tu 

lert. 

and 

tl 

e  only  1 

v'ing  h 

eirof  AnnTubert. 

J  obi 

St: 

nlfer 

at 

tb 

s  time, 

was   li 

■ing  in  Germany, 

but 

slnn-tly  a 

ter 

tl 

e   death 

of  An 

1  Tubert  came  to 

America 

and 

set 

le 

1   in  Lai 

County,  where  he 

died 

leaving 

is. 

1  • 

obn,  wl 

o  rem. 

ined  in  Germany. 

Sam 

lel 

setth 
lobn 

il    1 
Kl 

ek 

,  hIm.   s 

tiled  i 

wnship.     Barbara 
1  ^[anheim  town- 

ship 

Upi 

n  lb 

(lU 

n 

llOU    UWl 

ed  by  John  S.  Hostetter. 

Lliz 
ried 

.tiai 
ISei 

,   J  a 
jami 

cob 
1    11 

d 

Heiirv 
id    Lli/. 
bey.Jr 

lleisi 
dietb. 
(the   > 

berger,    who    had 
.Magdalena   mar- 
raudscm  of  Cbris- 

tian 

He 

she> 

),  w 

ho 

got  tin 

ee-fiftl 

s  of  this  land    by 

inbe 

■itai 

nd 

be 

other  two-lifti 

s  by  purchase. 

Ol 

th 

e  ;;t) 

b  .1 

IV 

of  June 

,  178-1, 

he  sold  the  farm, 

cont 

liiii 

ig    t^ 

ilred   ai 

d   foui 

acres,  to  Andrew 

Bausniai 

,  wh 

ell 

low  OWl 

ed  by  1 

neof  his  descend- 

ants 

T 

on 

o 

'  the  tin 

est  far 

ns   in   the  couutv. 

The 

me: 

dow 

ar 

e 

uge,  an 

1  tbe 

■emains  of  ditches 

arou 

nd 

heir 

sid 

Jl.ed    to 

eoiidu 

t  uater  to  irrigate 

^  Landes,  who  was  one  ol  tbe  pioneers,  died  in 
iiid  left  a  widou  Ibisiiia  and  the  folluwing- 
cliihlreii:  Froiieeka  (.Mveis),  Felix,  Ann,  and 


irbara. 

Eby  Family.— Theo. 

orus     Eby,   the  head   of  the 

milv  ill  .Vineiiea,  »as 

i  Swiss  Mennonite,  and  came 

th    the  Hriil.akeis,  i,e 

nous,  ft  at.     On  the  10th  day 

.May,  171S,  he  took 

,ut  a  warrant  for  three  hun- 

ed   acres  of  laud   .urn 

iig  the  ni'W  surveys  at  Cones- 

i;a,  at  tbe  rate  of  one  - 

billiii'j  .piit-r.iit  |.er  hundred 

siirn.y  w.is  ina.le.ui  the  13th 

IV  of  .■\Iav,  17IS,  oil  tl 

e  wesi    sble  ol    tbe  (.'ouestoga 

■eek,    adjoiiiiiig     tbe 

aii.l.    ..r    Henry    Funk    and 

lehael  Sbaiik.      Theo. 

.niisKl.yreiiniiiie.l  up.m  this 

ud  live  years,  when  h 

■  pur.ba-e.l    aii..tber   tract    of 

u.l  upon  Mill  Creek,  i 

short  .bstaiiee  south  .i 

■  F,.nl  t.. wnship  line,  which  is 

JW  ku.iwii   as    K.dan.r 

s  mill,     'fheodorus  Eby  died 

908 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


intestate  and  before  he  paid  any  uf  tlie 
money  for  tlie  land  at  Conestoga.  lie  [irolialily  died 
in  1730.  This  land  lie  seems  to  have  snhl  to  Hans 
Jhisser,  but  never  conveyed  a  title  to  him.  I  lis  i  hil- 
dren  (all  of  whom  had  attained  their  majurity  i,  lor 
tlie  sum  of  seventy  ])ouii(ls,  made  a  ipiil-rlaini  ditd 
to    Hans    :\russer   on    Feb.    2<l,    IT.'il.     Their   names 

1.  John. 

2.  Peter,  who  got  the  grist-mill  and  mansion  fiirm 
at  ]\rill  Creek.  Of  the  desgendiints  of  Peter,  who  set- 
tled in  Earl  and  Leacock  townships,  Peter  Eby  and 
Peter  Eby,  Jr.,  Samuel  Eby,  Henry  Eby,  and  John 
Eby  enrolled  themselves  in  Capt.  Roland's  company 
of  associators  in  177.")  and  served  two  or  three  years. 
They  were  not  then  members  of  the  society  of  Jlen- 
nonites. 

3.  George,  who  had  children,— Christian,  George, 
John. 

4.  Christian,  marrie.l  tirst  Magdalena  Mayer,  who 
died  in  17S7,  and  settled  along  Hammer  Creek. 
He  died  in  1756.  Johannes,  remained  in  Warwick. 
Barbara,  married  Jacob  Hershey,  who  then  lived  in 
Warwick  (heafterwards  married  hersister  Elizabeth) ; 
Peter,  married  Margaret  Hess;  Anna,  married  Chris- 
tian Stoufler;  Andrew, remained  in  Warwick;  George, 
remained  in  Warwick ;  Elizabeth,  married  Jacob 
Hershey,  who  resided  in  Donegal ;  Samuel,  located  in 
Cocalico;  Michael,  removed  to  New  Castle  County, 
in  the  State  of  Dehnvarc;  Jacob;  liarbara,  niarri.-d 
Henry  Bare;  Jlary,  and  .\nn. 

Erb  Family.-Th,.n.  were  lour  br-.thcr-,  ol  this 
familv,  all  .-^wi^s  M.-niioinle  refugci-s.  of  whom 
Jacob  came  U<  .\nRTica.  an. I  settled  in  Laiica-lrr 
township  iirior  to  its  urgani/.ation,  in  ITl'.S.  and  set- 
tled upon  the  present  site  of  Lancaster  (Jity.  lie 
wa.s  a  cooper  by  trade. 

It  is  probable  that  he  was  acquainted  with  the 
Brubakers  before  the  latter  left  I^wit/t-rland,  anil  lnj 
manufaeturecT  flour-barrels  for  Hans  lirubak.i '.  mill. 
afterwar<ls  St.mcinan'-.  <.n  Eittle  ('onrM,,-a  Crrck, 
and  that  when  ,lol,n  Ihubakrr,  sun  ol  llan>,  ni.urd 
to  the  land  his  fatli.T  gave  him  at  Hamm.r  (.'rcrk  in 
1730,  and  erected  a  grist-mill,  Mr.  Erb  and  his  two 
sons  in  a  year  or  two  thereafter  followed  thrni. 

In  1732,  Christian,  the  youngest  son  <,\  the  elder 
Erb,  was  born  in  Laneast.^r,  and  in  the  sanie  .n- 
the  following  year  he  move.l  t..  Ilamnur  C.eek,  in 
the  vicinity  of  the  Brubakers,  and  ( 'hrisiiaii  lemanud 
at  the  latter  idace  until  ISiilk  wh.^n  he  removed  to 
t;ai 


I  Jacob,  the  third  son  of  Christian,  Jr.,  is  a  minister 
I  in  the  United  Brethren  Church  and  an  e.\:-bishop. 
I  He  has  great  jxiwer  in  the  church,  and  is  esteemed 

lOli/.al.et'li,  the  lirst  dauL'liler  of  Christian,  m:rrned 
J,.sq,li  Lehn.  who  is  >till  liMng  near  t:lay,  aged 
eighty-four  years.  Gatherine,  the  second  daughter, 
married  Jacob  Shirk;  .Mary,  the  third  daughter, 
[  married  David  Martin.  This  last  was  a  child  by 
Christian  Erbs'  second  wile.  John,  the  fourth  son 
af  Christian  Erb,  Sr.,  remove<l  from  this  county  in 
1806  with  his  father  to  Gamula.  He  had  four  sons 
born  in  Lancaster  County,  to  wit:  S;imnel,  Henry, 
John,  Jo.seph.  .Ml  ol  uhoni  settled  in  Canada. 
Jacob  Erb,  the  liltli  son  ol  Chiislian,  .Sr.,  settled  in 
Franklin  C.ouuty.  I'a.,  and  in  ISO.')  he  removed  to 
Canada.  He  had  fn  e  -.ous  and  eight  daughters,  of 
whom  the  former,  Kavi.l,  Jaeol,  (i.,  .\braham,  Isaac, 
lieliiamin. 


Daniel  settled  in  Caua 

la,  an.l  had  two  sons,  .,ne  of 

whom.settle.l  in  tlie  .-^tal. 

.)f  New  Y..rk,an.l  the  other 

one  in  :\richigaii. 

Jacob  G.,  who  is  a  min 

ster  in  the  Unite.l  Brethren 

Church,  is  now  eighty-o 

le  years  ..f  age,  and   resides 

in  Lancaster  in  the  Stati 

.)t  .New   V.)rk,  an.l  has  two 

sons  and  three  daughters 

.Xbraham  has  live  .sons 

two  of  wimm  are  settled  in 

Caua. la,  aii.l  three  in  .M 

chigaii. 

1-aa.'  has  ,,iie  s..n,  hot 

1  selile.l  in  Michigan. 

In   1S:;4,  I'eler,  Danu'l, 

an.l  lananuel  Krb  and  their 

cusiii,  .l.)hu   Fal),  .h'sre. 

.laiit-olthe  Krb  who  settled 

in   l{a.leu,.'ame   to  tl,i~   . 

.).iutry  an.l  settle.)  near  the 

citvof  r.uirai.i,  \,  V. 

.lae.,1),  the    .il.lcst    s.ni 

of   the   Fib   who  settle.l   in 

b.ini   in    17-4.     He  marrie.l 

a  Miss  Johns.     He   was   als.,   a   .M.-ttii 
patriotism  overmastered  his  religious  v 


the   -M 
In 


ami 
u.le.l 


ten   acre^   on   Mi.hll.. 
the  only  son  ol   i  isu^. 


wh 


He 


John,  Jacob,  Abraham,  lienja 
Susanna,  Nartey,  RIagdalena. 

Christian  Erb,  .\,:',  se|f|,.,|  i, 
andha.llive^..u~,  to  wit:  .Mira 
Daniel,  r.i-ujamin. 

This  famiiv  reuiaincd  in  Cu 
the  vicinitv. 


r..a.l  ran  tlir.in:Ji  lliis  laud,  wlii.-li  lies  about  the 
western  limiis  ,,l  the  liiu,'si.,u.>  h.^lt;  and  in  1782  he 
pnri'hase.l  the  grist-mill  an.l  ,>nr  hun.lred  and  sixty- 
I  eight  acres  of  laii. I  uhi.h  h.h.n-e.l  to  I'eter  Weilanil, 
I  and  is  where  the  thrinng  village  of  Clay  is.  He  was 
j  elected  to  the  General  .\-eiijlily  in  17Sii-<)0.  He  was 
j  one  of  the  most  prominent  m.uiiliers  of  this  laru'O  ami 
j  respectable  familv.  Ir.m  uli..m  many  famili.s  ..f  the 
I   name  are  now   settU-.l    in   Warui.'k   ami    iiei-.;lil...riug 


in   ISIO,  an.l   lelt  twos 
.1  .Jii.lith    Hull,  an.l   set 


LANCASTER  TOWNSHIP. 


tract  at  Clay  from  Beriiliard  Gardner.  He  had  six 
sons  and  tour  daiigUtcrs, — Jacob,  Jolin,  David,  Sam- 
uel, Isaac,  .loscidi,  MoUie,  Elizabeth,  Catherine, 
Nancy. 

Jac(.b,  the  first  sou  of  .lacol)  Erh,  settled  iii  this 
county  and  had  one  son,  Joslina,  ami  lour  danjrhters, 
of  whom  one,  Leah,  never  niarrieil.  .(nshna  and  his 
sisters  moved  to  the  State  of  Illinois. 

John  Erb,  Jr.,  the  second  son,  married  Barbara 
Berchelbach,  and  settled  in  Clay,  where  he  kept  a 
store  for  several  years,  carried  on  milling,  and  also 
conducted  a  hotel  (which  is  now  owned  by  his  son- 
in-law,  George  W.  Steinmetz).  He  had  three  sons 
and  one  daughter, — Hiram,  a  merchant  at  Clay ;  John 
B.,  a  resident  of  Lititz,  and  president  of  the  Lilitz 
National  Bank  ;  Henry,  died  in  1877  ;  Priscilla,  died 
in  187U;  she  was  married  to  George  W.  Steinmetz,  a 
merchant  at  Clay. 

David,  the  third  son  of  .lolia,  Jiioveil  to  Indiana, 
and  had  one  .son,  Harrison,  and  three  ilaugliters. 

Samuel,  the  fourth  son,  had  one  son,  Jacob,  who 
died  unmarried.  Catherine,  married  Isaac  Stautfer ; 
Lucinia,  married  Timothy  Konigmacher.  This  fam- 
ily renniined  in  this  county. 

Isaac,  the  fifth  son,  had  two  daughters.  Amelia 
nuirried  George  Bentz;   Eliza  married  Jacob  Fry. 

Joseph,  the  si.\th  son,  died  single. 

MoUie,  daughter  of  Jacob  Erb,  married  Abraham 
Erb,  of  Canada,  a  first  cousin  of  her  father.  Eliza- 
beth married  Michael  Shei)ler,  who  had  three  sons 
and  four  daughters;  Nancy  married  Abraham  Bair, 
and  had  two  sons  and  seven  daughters,  all  of  whom 
settled  in  this  county;  Catherine  married  .I(jseph 
Weidman,  and  moved  to  Indiana. 

Christian  Erb,  the  second  son  of  Jacob,  settled  at 
Hammer  Creek,  and  had  two  sons,  to  wit;  David, 
who  had  live  sons  and  two  daughters  ;  Jacob,  who 
had  one  daughter. 

Benjamin^the  liftb  and  youngest  son  of  Jacob  Erb, 
who  went  to  Canada,  al>o  setlle.l  there,  and  from 
thence  he  went  tn  Illinois. 

Franklin  Cotinty,  in  tin-  Stale,  and  in  ISm;  went 
with  his  father  and  bnillier  .lolin  to  Canada,  lie 
married  JloUie  Erb,  hi.  eou>in. 

Benjamin,  the  seventh  -nn  ul  Christian,  Sr.,  also 
settled  in  Franklin  ('.>iinly,  an<l  m  Isiili  uioved  to  liir 
State  of  Ohio. 

Of  the  fifth  daughter  of  Christian  Erb,  Sr.,  Su- 
sanna married  Jacob  Brubaker  and  settled  near  the 
"gravel  hill,"  now  known  as  Brubaker's  Valley,  near 

four  sons  an.l  Iwo  daughlers.  Ol  tlic  sons,' .J,,lin 
moved  to  Cana.la,  and  1  lenry,  .lac.h,  and  (;lui>lian 
settled  in  the  valley  which  bears  their  name. 

ilary,  the  second  daughter  of  Christian,  Sr.,  mar- 
ried Jacob  Snyder,  and  had  five  sons  and  five  daugh- 
ters, all  .dwhom  settled  in  Canada. 

Elizabeth     married     Clnislian     Snyder,     and     had 


eight  sons  and  three  daughters,  all  of  w 

K.m  settled  i 

Canada. 

Nancy   married  John    liricker,  and 

had  live  SOI 

and  fivf  daughters,  all  ..fwhom  seltl.-d 

in  Canada. 

Magdalena,  the   youniie-t    and    lillli  d 

in,i;hter,  tna 

rie.l  Samuel  I^by,  and  had  one  son.     T 

lev  all  .settlt 

in  Canada.    Jacob  Erb,  son  ot  Christiai 

,  was  a  men 

ber  of  the  Legislature  in  1883,  '34,  '35. 

Wabank  Hotel. — Thirty  years  ago  a  number  of 
public-spirited  citizens  of  Lancaster  City  united  their 
interest  and  erected  a  .very  large  four-story  frame 
hotel  near  the  Conestoga  Creek,  about  three  miles 
below  Lancaster  City.  It  was  intended  as  a  summer 
resort  to  accommodate  the  citizens  of  Lancaster  City 
principally,  who  desired  to  spend  a  few  weeks  in  a 
most  delightful  spot,  where  they  could  also  be  near 
their  business.  The  experiment  of  establishing  a 
watering-place  or  a  summer  resort  near  Lancaster 
was  a  failure  for  a  year  or  two,  and  until  Mrs.  Ann 
Haines,  the  widow  of  Capt.  Frederick  Haines,  of 
Donegal,  and  the  daughter  of  John  Guy,  the  head 
of  that  famous  family  of  hotel-keepers,  took  charge 
of  the  establishment,  when  it  became  a  success  for 
two  years,  after  which  she  removed  to  Baltimore, 
when  the  hotel  went  down  rapidly.  It  was  sold  to  a 
gentleman  in  Lititz,  who  took  the  building  down  and 
removed  the  material  to  Lititz,  and  re-erected  the 
building.  It  could  accommodate  three  hundred  guests. 
A  few  years  ago  it  was  totally  destroyed  by  fire. 

GraeflTs  Tavern. — A  large  two-story  stone  taveru 
was  built  by  George  Graert',  Esq.,  on  the  north  side  of 
Conestoga  Creek,  due  south  of  Lancaster,  and  at  a 
point  wdiere  the  extension  of  South  t^ueen  Street 
crosses  the  creek,  at  the  close  of  the  Revolutionary 
war.  Prior  to  this  time  the  fording  of  the  creek  was 
not  at  this  point,  but  farther  up  and  down  the  stream. 

In  the  spring  of  1807,  Henry  Slaymaker,  Esq.,  of 
Lancaster,  erected  a  county  bridge,  which  was  a  stone 
arch  one,  for  eleveii  thousand  dollars  at  this  point, 
which  made  this  tavern  a  valuable  stand,  and  when 
the  Conestoga  Creek  was  made  navigable  from  its 
mouth   to  this   point    its   importance   and  value  was 


turti 


It  lairlv  ranked  with  Wilmer's  tavern  a  few  miles 
al).)vi-,  \vhicli  did  not  havi-  the  additional  advantage 
of  the  trade  brought  by  the  "  slaekwater  navigation." 
.Vlthiuigh  this  tavern,  has  declined  in  importance  for 
some  years,  i,t  is  still  a  valuable  property.  The  town- 
ship elections  are  held  at  this  tavern,  and  have  been 
for  some  years. 

Abbeville  Instittlte.— I.angdon  Cheves  and  his 
wife  i;ii/,al.ctli,  on  the  .'id  ^lav  of  .Vpril,  1830,  resold 
scvenlv Hire  acivs  of  his  countrv-seat  to  William 
Coleman;  whn,  lor  the  .-urn  of  ten  thousand  dollars 
].aid  on  the  1st  day  of  October,  1S3.">,  sold  the  same 
to  the  board  of  trustees  of  Abbeville  Institute. 

Dr.  Muhlenberg,  D.D.,  took  charge  of  this  school, 
anil  while  under  his  management  it  ranked  among 
the  best  in   the  State.     For  several  years  it  was  well 


910 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTKR   COUNTY. 


IKitr.mi/e.l  bvits  IViomlsiii  Lain-asU-r  City  aiul  Coluni- 
biii  aii,l  uNrwluT,'. 

Alter  Dr.  Muliknl)^!-^;-  was  railed  to  take  charge  of 
a  eollege  at  Flushi.i^r,  L.  [.,  the  school  declined 
rapidly.  Some  of  the  iiio~l  prominent  members  of 
the  Lancaster  bar  owe  something  of  their  success  to 
what  they  were  tan-ht  at  tlii.  -cImioI.  The  late  Wil-  ' 
liau]  E.  r.arber,  i:-.|.,  a  proiniiieiit  lawyer  of  the  \\\-t 
Chester  bar,  was  a  graduate  frMiu  thisschool.  j 

On  April  6,  1840,  Samuel  liowman,  D.D.,  John  L.  I 
Atlee,  JI.D.,  Thomas  E.  Franklin,  attorney-at-law,  | 
George   W.   Hamersly,  editor  and   publisher  of  the 
Lancaster  Krami/ier,  and  Thomas  F.  Potter,  trustees  ' 
of  this  institute,  sold  tlie  school  biiildinjrs  and  farm 
of  seventy-three   acres   to   the   Hon.    Alexander   L. 
Hayes,  who  sold  the  same  to  John  Kelley,  who  sold 
to  the  Gionters,  who  sold  to  Christoplier  Hager. 

Wagner's  Academy  for  Boys  was  organized  in 
1S74.  It  is  located  on  the  uurlh  side  of  the  Lancas- 
ter and  Columbia  turnpike,  about  half  a  mile  west 
from  Lancaster.  Tiie  academy  is  under  Catholic 
control,  and  is  attended  by  a  number  of  students 
from  abroad.  It  was  established  by  Professor  J.  11. 
B.  \VaLnier,  who  is  now  an  attnrney  at  the  Lancaster 

Internal  Improvements. — Tlie  Philadelphia  and 
Lancaster  turnpike,  the  Lancaster  and  Columbia  j 
turnpike,  the  Lancaster  and  Marietta  turnpike,  the  ! 
Lancaster  .an.l  Milhr-ville  turnpike,  tlie  Rockville  I 
turnpike,  the  .<tuniptown  turnpike,  and  the  Cones- 
toga  Shukwatrr  Navigation  (nnw  out  of  use)  have  i 
given  the  citizens  of  the  town-hip  unusual  facilities  j 
for  getting  their  producr  to  Lancaster  market.  ; 

The  MillorsviUc  kailmad  and  (iuarrvville  Rail- 
road pa-s  through  tins  township,  also.     (See   chapter  i 

Jl'STICE.s   UF   THE   PEACE.  I 

Casimr  Souuuiu,  April  14,  1S40.  \Villi.ii,i  Ciupenter,  April,  1872.  { 

Jiicub  Ei3i.-lil,frgei,>ijril  15,1845.    '  G.orue  J.  High,  April,  1S74. 

Clunrlea  Tlloii,  April  l:i,  1847.  Cliiirlos  Tliu.i,  April,  l.s75.  j 

Harris  lloarilinaM,  M.iy  23,  ISd'J.  lliram  U.  West,  April,  l^TU.  ' 


y  object  of 


suppneii  tue  in 

erly  be  classed  : 

Hiimesville 


lid  one  hundred  am 
in  Swarr,  which  wa^ 
.  On  the  28th  day  .. 
nade  between  .lacnl. 


,Api 


Justi 


lirtr,  1S77 


<4ii  are  found   in   District 


the  lost  towns  of  the  county, 
ip  around  the  "Old  Factory," 
and  was  peopled  principally  with  tliose  who  worked 
in  the  fu'tory.  Mtvr  that  establisliment  languished 
and  went  into  decay,  all  life  left  the  village,  and  it  is 
a  mere  hamlet  imw.  The  city  is  gradually  but  surely 
growing  up  to  it.  It  was  thus  named  from  James 
Humes,  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  factory. 

Manufactures.— Ill  180.:j,  Jacob  Miller  purchased 
the  old  mill  and  water-power,  a 
fifty-nine  acres  of  land  from  Jo 
part  of  the  Francis  Xeif  |u-opert\ 
JIarch,  1812,  an  agieeiiirnt  was' 

Miller,  who   resided   u| and   owiicil  the  farm  and 

mills,  and  Samuel  Whit.',  ,liy--oods  nieichant,  Lan- 
caster, James   Hum.-,,  wl, .Mu-d    a    thllMig-iMill   on 

Mill  Creek,  near  the  ,io-,ing  ,.f  the  riiiladelphia 
and  Lancaster  turnpike,  and  now  owned  by  the  es- 
tate of  Eshleman,  James  Houston,  casliier  of  the 
Hranch  Bank  of  Pennsylvania,  located  at  the  corner 
of  West  King  Street  and  Prince,  in  Lancaster  City, 
and  now  owned  by  the  Hon.  Anthony  E.  Roberts, 
and  Joseph  Ogilby,  Jr.,  who  associated  themselves  as 
Jacob  Miller  &  Co.,  in  the  business  of  carding,  etc., 
for  the  period  of  ten  years  and  six  months. 

Each  of  the  parties  paid  upon  the  day  the  agree- 
ment was  made  into  a  common  fund  the  sum  of  one 
thousand  dollars,  and  agreed  to  jiay  an  additional 
sum  of  three  thousand  dollars  each.  Jacob  Miller 
agreed  to  erect,  at  his  own  co-t,  a  niill-hoiise  of  stone 
near  his  .saw-mill,  si.xty  teet  h.ng  by  fifty  feet  wide, 
three  stories  high,  and  to  erect  a  dwelling-house  near 
the  mill-house,  and  also  a  stable.  The  dwelling  was 
to  accommodate  thirty-five  persons,  each  above  the 
age  of  ten  years,  in  addition  to  any  family  it  may  be 
rented  to. 

The  other  parties  agreed  to  pay  Mr.  Miller  six  per 
cent,  on  the  <n-t  ..f  buildings  whi.h  were  erected, 
but  before  tlicii  i-mnpletinii  an  art  i.f  im-orporation 
was  granted,  and  on  the  l-'itli  day  of  .September, 
1815,  Jacob  Miller,  Matthias  Waddle,  Samuel  White, 
James  Humes,  .loseph  Ogilvie,  Jr.,  and  James  Hous- 
ton, doing  business  as  Jacob   Miller  Al  Co.,  released 


Xo. 


list 


Graff's  Town  was  laid  out  bv  Sebastian  Oratf  (who 
bought  Dr.  Hans  Nell's  land)  in  17^8.  It  was  laid 
out  along  the  road  which  led  from  Lancaster  to  Dr. 
Nell's  Find,  and  adjoin. -d  the  eastern  boundary  of  i 
the  borough  (nowcitvi.  It  consisted  <if  twentv-tive 
lots,  whi.b  were  sul.jrct  to  gn.und-rcnl.  In  the  vv.n 
177<;  thrr,.  liv.d  in  thr  ^illag,'  IVl.r  W.il,  .lac.b 
Rriningrr,  Simon  ileniian,  Krclerick  Ha.lcr,  ( ioriie 
Sandal',  Jacob  Sando,  Christian  Keller,  Casper 
Mayer,  and  Ludwig  Fritz. 

The  tlwellin..'s  wer.'  oiie-story  log,  a  few  weather- 
boardeil.      Ihit  one  house  remains  to  mark  the  jdace 


frame  house,  two 
stories    high,    one 


Jhiglaml  created 


ted 


stor 


ie.  a   frame 
tory  high, 
si.ic  ..r  the 


:r^M 


(i'u^:^(<^^^t^^ 


LANCASTKll   TOWNSHIP. 


ill!  kind-:.     This  I'oinpaiiy  increased  its  facilities   lor 

])eniiaiiuiit  prcj-p.-i  ity.  A  iiiiiiilier  of  new  (Iwrlliiij;^ 
were  erecte<l,  evrry  (.iie  was  bii>y,  ami  seeiued   lo  \>v 

business  came,  and  disaster  lulluwed  in  tlie  wake  of 
wliat  seemed  to  be  one  of  tlie  mo^l  iirouiisint;  bn<iness 
enterprises  ever  started  in  tlie  county. 

A  society  was  formed  in  Lancaster  called  the 
"American  Society  of  the  County  of  Lancaster,  lor 
the  promotion  of  domestic  manufactures  and  national 
industry."  A  public  nieetin{(  was  held  in  the  court- 
house on  the  14th  day  of  May,  1817.  Robert  Cole- 
man was  elected  chairman;  William  Kirkpatrick, 
vice-president;  James  Humes,  secretary  ;  and  Adam 
Keigart  and  Samuel  White,  counselors  and  committee 
of  correspondence.  JLmy  persons  apprehended  a 
crash  in  business,  which  seemed  to  be  pendinfr,  and 
this  movement  was  intended  to  avert  it  if  possible. 

The  factory  company  was  doomed.  On  the  30th 
day  of  July,  1S18,  the  entire  works,  including  twenty- 
five  acres  of  land,  were  sold  by  the  sheriff.  There 
were  twenty-eight  hundred  spiinlles.  This  property 
was  purchased  by  a  new  company  called  the  Lancaster 
Cotton-Works,  who  olfered  the  property  for  sale  July 
•30,  18LS.  On  Jan.  30,  1819,  James  Humes,  agent  for 
the  Lancaster  Manufacturing  Company,  advertised  a 
large  assortment  of  domestic  goods. 

In  the  year  1820  the  Conestoga  Manufacturing 
Company  elected  directors.  Their  capital  stock 
was  increased  to  sr)()O,000.  The  board  of  directors 
were  Ji>]in  Swarr,  president;  Henry  Bear,  Henry 
KclliT,  Samuel  White,  James  Houston,  William 
DickM.n,  cliiistiaii  Herr,  Jr.,  Joseph  Ogilby,  Jr., 
John  liomberger,  Benjamin  Ober,  James  Humes, 
Henry  Hull'nagle,  Christian  Stoull'er,  Jr.,  Henry 
Cassel,  and  C:hristian  Kohrer. 

The-e  elfnrls   to   place    the   establisliment   on    the 


water-])0wer  of  Conestoga  Creek,  but  in  addition  use 

Population. — The  population  of  Lancaster  town- 
ship Since  1810  1ms  been  as  follows: 


>«,-, 


ixh: 


everything  was  ])ermitted  to  go  into  i 
A  few  years  ago  the  large  four-stor 

bnrne.l  diiwn,  an.l  nothing  remains  > 

bare  walls. 

A   tew  (,f  the  .piaiiit   one-st..ry   lion 

their  walls  look  dirtv  and  everything 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES. 


I'llII.II'  Il.^l'SM.^N, 
His  i)aternal  grandparents,  Henry  and  P.arliara 
Bausman,  in  Lauhersheim,  (^eriuany,  were  farmers 
and  vine-dressers,  and  there  both  died.  One  son, 
Andreas  (1778-lSGS),  remained  in  Germany,  where 
he  died.  Another  son,  John,  father  of  our  subject, 
born  in  Lauberslieim,  on  the  west  side  of  the  Rhine, 
Feb.  5,  1780,  being  drafted  into  the  French  army, 
refused  to  fight  against  his  own  countrymen,  fled  his 
country,  came  to  America,  and  settled  in  Lancaster 
County  with  his  uncle  in  1802.  His  uncle,  Andreas 
Bausman,  from  Germany,  settled  in  Lancaster  County, 
Pa.,  near  Lancaster  City,  in  17'i-'i,  purchased  three 
hundred  and  seventeen  acies  of  land  on  what  is  now 
the  Millersville  turnpike,  tor  whicli  he  paid  sev- 
enteen hundred  guilders  (six  hundred  and  eighty  dol- 
lars), and  had  in  1802  obtained  a  large  competency 
in  real  estate  and  other  pmperty.  John  Bausman 
inherited  a  large  part  of  this  estate  upon  the  death  of 
his  uncle,  and  was  his  executor,  with  ex-Sheriff  John 
Reitzel.  He  married,  April  4,  1805,  Elizabeth,  sister 
of  Hon.  Abraham  Peters,  of  Manor  township,  the 
first  ])resident  of  the  State  Normal  School  at  Jlillers- 
ville.  She  was  born  Dec.  10,  1770,- and  died  Dec.  18, 
1851.  He  died  Nov.  20,  ISCl.  Soon  after  his  mar- 
riage he  settled  on  a  part  of  tlie  .-Vndreas  Baus- 
man property,  u<jw  the  homestead  of  Henry  Baus- 
man, his  son,  where  lic  reared  his  family,  and  after 
!„■  .luit  farinin-  lie  rcni.ivrd  lo  the  .Vndreas  Bailsman 

I le-trad.      Andreas  llaii^iiiaii    Imilt    a   spring-house 

..II    the    h.iiiu.M.'a.l    in    177."..  whicli    remains   in    1,SS3, 
with    ..tli.T   r.'li.'-  <.f  III.'   "..Men    time."     He  was  a 


;donr-an.l  \\',,..len-Mill  is 
Conestoga,  about  one  niih 
ltwa.slmiltbyJ(dinLevan 

igo,  and  was  first  used  as  a  gi 


divi.led  amo 
dren  of  Job 
(180G-1875), 
1S4S);  -A bra 
M.aii.ir  town 


sks 


riiier  an.l  di~liller,  and  added 
■d  IVoni  his  uncle,  which  was 
l.lr.ai  at  hi-  death.  The  chil- 
/uKcih    liaii-nian   are  Andrew 

.Mau.,rt..un-hip;.Tohn(l,8U,S- 


ll  is  now  owned  by  John  Levaii  \  S..ii.  ' 
a  four-story  brick,  nit^asuring  about  fifty 
ii.lreil  Icet.a'iill  is  the  largest  grist- an.l  lulii 
I    the  couiitv.      'fhev   not  onlv    use   the  en 


.  ;  .!a...l.,  l..ini  Oct.  12,  1812,  bankei 
itv;  .^ainiiel,  born  Feb.  23,  1815,  ; 
-i.Tt..wn.liip;  Elizabeth,  born  Hard 
..f  ll.aiiy  Haveislick,  of  .Manhcin 
ly,   born 'Feb.  22,  IslO,  before   men 


91i 


HlSTUliY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


tinned,  on  the  homestead;  Philip,  born  May  3U,  1821,  i 
subject  of  tliisslcetcli;  and  Rev.  HeiijaniinBausuian,  I 
D.D.,  a  jrrachiate  of  Marshall  College,  and  of  the  ■ 
Western  Theological  Seminary  in  18o2,  a  minister  of 
the  Reformed  Clinrch  at  Reading,  Pa. 

Phili|)  Bausman  obtained  a  practical  edncatioii 
during  his  minority.  He  married,  JIarch  i:.,  is.'.'.i. 
Mary  S.,  daughter  of  David  llerr  and  Sn-aii  Shcuk, 
of  Lancaster  townshi|),  antl  granddaughter  nf  (.'lni-- 
tiaii  Ilcrr.  Their  children  are  Su<:iii  ;  Amln-w 
Liantz,  a  stock-dealer  in  Lancaster  with  Levi  Sm- 
senig;  John  H.,  and  David  H.  Bausman.  Philip  , 
Bausman  succeeded  to  the  homestead  formerly  owned  1 
by  Andreas  Bausman,  upon  the  death  of  his  father, 
and  carried  on  farming  there  until  187'.i,  when  he 
erected  his  present  substantial  and  t  IcLraiit  brick  resi- 
dence upon  a  commanding  site  on  the  oppusite  side 
of  the  street,  the  Millersville  turnpike,  which  will 
rank  favorably  with  the  best  modern  residences  of 
Lancaster  City  and  County.  He  has  served  as  school 
director  and  treasurer  of  the  board  for  a  number  of 
year.s,  as  a  director  of  the  Farmers'  Bank  of  Lan- 
caster, and  on  the  board  of  auditors  for  the  township 
of  Lancaster.  The  family  of  Bausman  is  identified 
with  the  First  Reformed  Church  of  Lancaster,  of 
which  Mr.  Bausman  has  served  olKcially  as  deacon, 
and  is  now  an  elder. 

The  facilities  wdiich  Samuel  Bausman  had  for  an 
education  were  limited,  and  he  could  only  avail  hiui- 
self  of  a  common-school  training.  In  early  life  lie 
connected  himself  with  the  First  Reformed  Church 
of  Lancaster,  where  he  served  for  many  years  as  dea- 
con, and  afterwards  us  elder.     In  more  recent  years 


elder 


illice  of  trustee 
t  Millersville. 

■d  Miss  Elizabeth  Doner,  a  daugl 
a  farmer,  who  reside<l  near  Lai 
idelphia  turnpike.  Her  patern; 
e  of  the  three  brothers  wdio  cam 
gether  were  the  progenitors  of  tli 
rs    which    spread    over    i>ebanor 


the 


he  held  both   th 
Reformed  Churc 

In  1841  he  ma 
ter  of  John  Don 
caster,  on  the  P 
grandfather  was 
from  France;  aiu 
long  lin,-  ot  1>, 
Cumberland,  and  Lancaster  Counties,  and  into  tl. 
Western  States. 

Mr.  Bausman  assumed  control,  as  his  portion  c 
his  father's  estate,  of  the  fine  farm  of  one  hundre 
and  twenty-five  acres  in  the  suburbs  of  Lancaste: 
lying  along  the  Millersville  turniiike,  which  is  sti 
owned  by  him,  but  occupied  at  present  by  his  so 
Henry.  He  erecteil  the  house  ami  barn  thercoi 
together  with  many  other  buildin-s,  ihclndin.i;  spi 
cions    tobaccii-barns    liir    his   extensive    l..baeei)   vu 


integrity 


g,»Hl  decree  „1  pr,. 
1857  that  he  pilrcl 
as  the    Brenner   est 

In  1873  he  built   lh( 


the  homestead  farm,  where  he  has  ever  since  lived  in 
retirement. 

At  diflerent  times  he  served  in  important  oliices, 
liavii^-  been  director  of  the  Farmers'  National  Bank 
of  Lancaster,  school  director  for  a  term  of  ■fifteen 
years  in  Lancaster  township,  and  he  is  at  present  on 
the  board  of  managers  and  one  of  the  superintendents 
of  the  Lancaster  and  iMillersville  Street  Railway,  and 
one  of  the  managers  of  the  Manor  Turnpike  Com- 

Though  retired  to  private  life,  .^Ir.  Bausnian  is 
always  active,  either  in  the  arena  of  business  or  in 
keeping  a  careful  supervision  over  his  beautiful  farm. 
His  success  in  life  is  due  to  the  sterling  traits  of  cliar- 
acter  wdiich  he  exercised  since  his  youth.  Unassum- 
ing and  genial  in  manners,  he  is  held  in  highest  esteem 
by  all  who  know  him.  His  children  are  John  A., 
senior  member  of  the  firm  of  Bausman  &  Burns,  in- 
surance and  real  estate,  Lancaster;  Henry  D.,a  farmer 
on  the  homestead  ;  i\Iary,  wife  of  Isaac  Ranck,  a  mil- 
ler on  the  Big  Conestoga,  near  Lancaster;  Annie, 
wife  of  John  E.  Hershey,  of  Lancaster  township; 
Samuel  D.,  of  the  firm  of  Slienk  &  Bausman,  insur- 
ance, Lancaster;  Benjamin  F.,  a  graduate  of  Frank- 
lin and  Marshall  College  in  the  class  of  'SO,  and  of 
the  Reformed  Theidogical  Seminary  at  Lancaster  in 
the  class  of  'S3;  and  Walter  J.  Bausman,  educated 
at  Franklin  and  JIarsliall  College,  and  organist  and 
chorister  of  St.  Mary's  Episcopal  Church,  Buffalo, 
N.  Y. 


MIOlIAEf 


ILFVER. 


His  paternal  grandfather,  Jacob  Huber  (now 
spelled  Huver),  died  at  Adainstown,  Lancaster  Co., 
leaving  a  widow  and  three  children, — Jacob,  Anna, 
and  Susan.  The  widow,  Susan  Hess,  married  Michael 
Kreider,  and  about  1800  settled  with  her  family  on 
one  hundred  and  fijty  acres  of  land  lying  on  the  west 
.side  of  the  Conestoga,  at  the  confluence  of  Mill 
Creek,  and  one  mile  south  of  Lancaster  City.  Here 
she  died  in  1S3G,  aged  seventy  years.  j\lr.  Kreider 
died  about  1827,  at  nearly  the  same  age,  and  by  his 
will  Jacob  Huver,  before-mentioned,  obtained  the 
property.  Jacob  Huver  spent  his  life  on  this  I'arin, 
and  erected  the  present  brick  residence,  commanding 

ISi:;.  lie  Wjis  a  representative  fanner,  a  good  citizen, 
and  a  man  of  strict  integrity.  He  died  June  1,  1859, 
aged  seventy-one  years.  His  wile,  Anna,  a  daughter 
of  Benjamin  Laudis,  of  Maiiheim  township,  died 
about  lS2(i,  aged  tweiity-uiiilit  years,  leaving  chil- 
ilren,— Kli/.abelli,  the  wife. . I  Daniel  Landis;  Susan, 
first  the -wife  nl  Abraham  Long,  second,  of  Jacob 
Lnibaker.  and  third,  ol  Chiistiaii  l.iiit.ier;  .Michael 
L.,  subject  of  tills  sketch,  and  .lacob  L.  Huver,  a  re- 
tired liuiner  of  i:ast  lleinpfield  townshi|..  Jacob 
Huver  mairied  a  second  time  .Mrs.  .lacol,  Wissler.by 
whom  he  had  children, -liarbara,  wife  of  Beiijaniin 


,^/^cJz,Z£j^^  d^'-l-C^tMA^ 


LEACOCK   TOWNSHIP. 


KaufTnian,  of  Munor  tuwiishiji,  ami  Kplnaiin  S. 
Hiiver,  oC  Manheim  tcu  Il^lli|.. 

Michael  L.  lluvcr,  born  at  this  iH-iiio^l.-aa  f^ept. 
19,  1819,  succeeded  his  lather  in  its  possession  hy 
will,  and  added  to  the  buildings  in  ISGO  a  commo- 
dious and  fine  barn,  and  in  I.SSO  a  tobacco  house. 
He  has,  outside  of  farming,  been  interested  in  local 
matters  of  his  township,  and  served  as  judge  of  elec- 
tion, and  for  a  number  of  years  i>i\  the  board  of  school 
directors. 

He  married,  in  1842,  JIary,  daughter  of  Samuel  and 
-Alaria  (Stautfer)  Barr,  who  was  born  in  1821.  Their 
surviving  children  are  Catherine  B.,  wife  of  Henry 
Hess,  near  Shannon,  Carroll  Co.,  HI.  ;  Mary  Ann, 
wife  of  John  G.  Tangard,  Strasburg  township;  Em- 
ma B.,  wife  of  Henry  H.  Shenk,  of  East  Hempfield  ; 
Lizzie  B.,  wife  of  Frank  J.  Kreider,  who  manages 
the  homestead  farm,  and  Martha  B.  Huver. 


L.\t 


!DON   CHEVES. 


Langdon  Clieves  was  a  resident  of  this  town.^hip 
who  had  a  national  reputation.  In  1826  he  ijurchased 
from  William  Coleman,  iron-master,  seventy  acres  of 
land,  settled  by  Hance  Brubaker  in  1717,  and  sold  to 
Christian  Stoneman  in  1729.  Mr.  Cheves  also  pur- 
chased from  Benjamin  Hershey  several  hundred  acres 
adjoining  this.  He  resided  upon  that  part  known 
as  "  Abbeville,"  and  his  mansion  was  used  for  "  Ab- 
beville Academy."  After  passing  through  several 
hands,  the  mansion  and  land  adjoining  is  owned  by 
the  heirs  of  Christian  Hager.  His  intimate  associa- 
tion with  James  Buchanan  while  in  Congress  doubt- 
less led  Jlr.  Cheves  to  select  this  location  for  a  summer 
residence.  The  mansion  he  fitted  up  is  still  stand- 
ing, with  the  same  general  appearance  as  when  he 
left  it,  but  the  grounds  around  the  dwelling  have  been 
much  beautifiijd. 

Mr.  Cheves  was  a  native  of  South  Carolina,  born 
in  1776.  He  became  an  eminent  and  wealthy  lawyer, 
a  member  and  leader  in  the  Legislature  of  his  native 
State,  and  prior  to  and  during  the  war  of  1812  a 
member  of  Congress,  where  he  was  the  associate  of 
William  Lowndes  and  John  C.  Calhoun.  He  was 
chairman  of  the  Naval  Committee  in  1812,  and  of  the 
Committee  of  Ways  and  Means  in  1813. 

He  succeeded  Henry  Clay  as  Speaker  of  the  House, 
and  held  that  position  until  ISl.").  He  became  one  of 
the  judges  of  the  Supreme  Court  in  his  native  State 
immediately  after  the  close  of  the  war,  and  was  also 
chief  commi.ssioner  under  the  Treaty  .of  Ghent  for 
settling  some  of  its  provisions.  Although  he  looked 
on  the  ultimate  withdrawal  of  the  Southern  States 
from  the  confederacy  as  a  necessity,  he  opijosed  the 
millification  schemes  of  the  hot-heads  in  his  native 
State.  As  a  literary  man  he  was-knowu  not  only  by 
liis  speeches,  but  by  occasional  letters  and  reviews. 
He  died  at  Columbia,  S.  C,  June  25,  lSo7. 


GHAPTEK    LXII. 

LE.U:OCK    TiiWNSllir.i 


Its  Organization, 


separate  county 
itants  of  the  coi 


were  ii.\ed  u| 
township  being  om; 
reason  the  name  Le." 
given    there  is  no   ; 


Lancaster  County  had 
9,  fn.iu  Cliester  and  erected  into  a 
meeting  of  magistrates  and  inhab- 
y  was  held  oh  the  Oth  day  of  June, 
1729,  to  settle  upon  the  names  and  boundaries  of 
townships.  The  boundaries  of  seventeen  townships 
and  names  given  to  them,  Leacock 
one  of  the  seventeen.  For  what 
ck  (then  spelled  Laycock)  was 
ount.     The    boundaries    fixed 


these  townships  w  c 


the 


upon  and  names  gi\ 

firmed  by  the  Court  of  (^lartcr  Se.-.sion-,  held 
first  Tuesday  in  August,  1729.  What  i-  now  i:pper 
Leacock  township  was  at  that  time  included  in  the 
boundaries  of  Leacock.  On  the  19th  of  June,  1843, 
the  township  was  divided.  Upper  Leacock  being  taken 
oil'  and  legally  organizeil  as  a  Separate  townsiiip. 

Present  Boundaries.— Leacock  is  now  bounded  on 
the  north  by  Earl  township,  east  by  Salisbury,  south 
by  Paradise,  west  by  East  Lampeter,  and  northwest 
by  Upper  Leacock.  Its  area  is  eleven  thousand  two 
hundred  and  seventy-two  acres,  consistir.g  chiefly  of 
good  limestone  land,  nearly  all  of  which  is  arable, 
there  being  scarcely  any  waste  land  in  the  township. 
The  land  is  ndling,  of  excellent  quality,  and  is  very 
productive.  As  the  population  increases  many  of  the 
large  farms  are  being  divided  into  smaller  sections 
and  into  lots. 

Streams.— The  southern  border  of  the  township  is 
traversed  by  Pequea  Creek,  and  on  a  |)ortion  of  its 
northern  boundary  is  Mill  Creek.  Muddy  Run  and 
(Cattail  Run,  with  their  branches,  are  spialler  streams 
flowing  through  the  towu-liip  and  supplying  the  re- 
gions   through  which    they   pass  with    tine    running 


Valuation,  etc- 
sonal  property  taxi 
5i2,599,()7.">.  Xumbe 
hundred  and  ten.      1 


il  and  per- 
r  (1883)  is 
bles  in  1882  was  five 
,  according  to  census  of 


nation  of 
present   y 


1880,  was  two  thousand  one  luindred  and  forty-two. 
j       Settlement. — It  is  stated  that  Hatwell  Varnon  (or 
Vernon),  a  native  of  Wrexford,   Ireland,  settled  in 
Leacock  townshi])  in   1728.^     Pie  was  a  member  of 
the  Grand  Ini]uest  at  November  sessions  of  court  in 
1730'.     It  is  probable   therefore  that  some  consider- 
able settlements  had  been  made  in  the  townshiji  be- 
I  fore  those  dates.    Emigrants  from  the  north  of  Ireland 
I  appear  to  have  been  ehielly  tjie  first  settlers.     Many 
I  emigrants  of  this  deseriplion  arrived  in  the  country 

j  State.     At  a  lale'j  d.,le  eini,:i,r:inls  iron,  ..llier  part-  of 
Eur.,pe,  (ir  tht-  de.-,reiMLinl.>  ,.f  ,-ucli   eluigrallt^,  being 


9U 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER   COUNTS'. 


The  present  population 
desceiulants  of  the  sever 


The  greater  part  of  the  huul  origin:illy  consisted  of 
large  tracts,  which  were  afterwards  divided  and  siih- 
divided,  and  sold  in  smaller  tracts,  which  were  at 
length  ])atented  by  different  persons.  The  boundaries 
of  lands  for  which  warrants  were  issued,  and  of  those 
granted  by  jjatent  deeds,  were  not  specifically  defined 
in  degrees  of  the  compass,  as  the  bounilaries  of  lands 
now  conveyed  usually  are.  The  descriptions  given 
in  patent  deeds  are  somewliat  like  this ;  Beginning  at 
a  point  (mentioned),  thence  north  such  a  distance,  or 
east  such  a  distance  (and  generally  along  distance), 
or  thence  northeast  so  many  chains,  or  southwest  so 
many  chains,  etc.,  and  a  large  allowance  was  made  in 
the  surveys  for  roads.  Nearly  all  the  lands  that  weie 
patented  (and  all,  or  very  nearly  all,  of  the  lands 
situated  in  Leacock  township  were)  have  been  much 
cut  up  and  divided,  and  the  i)ieces  have  generally 
passed  through  many  dillerent  hands,  and  have 
been  from  time  'to  time  held  under  vurimis  nauie^. 
From  these  circumstances  and  other  cau-es  it  is  hard, 
at  the  present  day,  to  know  with  certainly  in  what 
particular  patented  tract  the  smaller  pieces  and  par- 
cels of  land  were  originally  included.  The  chief 
practicable  thing,  therefore,  is  to  go  hack  as  far  as 
possible  in  time  to  the  former  owners  of  binds  in  the 
township,  without  attempting  to  state  wlm  (jriginully 
took  up  the  lands,  locateil  them,  or  had  them  pat- 
ented. 

Lands  now  owned  by  John  King,  David  F.  Ilcrr, 
John  Fisher,  and  a  small  portion  of  Jacob  F.  Eby's 
land  were  all  included  in  a  tract  of  one  hundred  and 
ninety-nine  an<l  one-quarter  acres,  located  by  warrant 
issued  to  John  Lyon  in  1741,  and  afterwards  divi.led 
between  his  two  sons,  Juhn  and  Thomas,  and  were 
then  patented.  John  Vernor  about  the  same  year 
purchased  a  Uact  of  three  liundred  acres  from  Thomas 
Penn,  Esq.,  a' son  of  William  IVnn,  tlie  founder  ..f 
the  State.  .Mr.  Vernor  settled  U|.un  -aid  tract,  and 
it  afterward,  was  inherited  l.y  tuo  ut  In-  -un.-,  lieu- 
jamin  and  Jidm.  Mv.  I  ieorge  iieiler  nnw  necnpies  a 
portion  of  this  tract,  and  the  Leacock  meeting-house 
lot  was  a  part  of  it.  William  Hamilton,  Sr.,  long  ago 
owned  a  very  large  tract;  the  farms  of  Elias  and 
Tobias  Lcaman,  David  Snuicker,  a  farm  now  owned 
by  Jacob  Leaman  (formerly  by  lienjamin  Leaman), 
and  lands  of  Elias  K.  Stoltzfus,  all,  it  is  said,  were 
included  in  this  tract.  Farms  n..w  l,eh,nj:lni:  tn  .faenb 
Kreider,  .Ir,,  Isaac  KreiJer,  Daniel  .MeKilli|K-,a  larni 
of  Jaccb  Leaman.  lands  ,.l  .b.nathan  Kaulliuaii,  and 
Miss  Eliza  Eshleman  were  taken  up,  -unie  nf  them 
by  William  McCausland,  .'^r,,  wh.,  <lied  in  1771,  and 
some  of  them  by  hi-  s,ui,  .Maj.  \Villiam  .M. Can-land, 
the  grandfather. if  tlie  pre-ent  Dr.  .-^amirel  K.  Sample. 
Daniel,  Thoma.,,  and  Jolm  MrC;iu-land  al-o  tu„k  up 
lands,  line  <if  them  tnuk  uy  tin-  land- m.w  n^^  ned  by 
William    K.    I'.ender,   .Michael    Sniucker,   and    Henry 


Esbenshade,  and  another  took  up  Jonas  Wenger's 
land  and  the  farm  lately  purchased  by  Leopold 
Ulrich  of  Jacob  Kreider,  Sr.  The  laiuls  of  John  C 
I5eiler,Jonas  Yoder's  estate,  Christian  King,  Miltun 
B.  Eshleman,  and  otiiers  were  taken  np  or  owned  by 
some  one  of  the  Eckert  family.  Nathaniel  Ellmaker 
took  up  or  owned  a  property  afterwards  held  by  Ben- 
jamin Ilershey,  late  deceased.  Nathaniel  F.  Lightner 
owned  lands  now  of  Levi  L.  Landis  and  of  Henry 
Hershey  (son  of  Peter  E.  HersheyJ.  Land  of  Wil- 
liam Bair,  deceased,  now  of  John  Denlinger,  and 
Christian  Yost's  and  Samuel  ftrofi^'s  land  had  be- 
longed to  Daniel  Besore. 

John  Sharp,  it  is  said,  owned  land  belonging  to  the 
estate  of  Joseph  Shnavely,  deceased  ;  John  Hershey, 
however,  owned  it  before  Shnavely.  James  Cooper 
,  took  up  and  owned  lands  on  and  near  Pequea  Creek, 
now  owned  by  John  N.  Woods  and  by  N.  Milton 
Woods.  Farms  now  owned  by  John  B.  Caldwell  and 
Andrew  M.  Caldwell  have  been  in  the  name  of  the 
Caldwell  family  for  a  long  time,  and  Samuel  Bnek- 
walter'-  land  lia-  been  for  a  long  time  in  the  Buck- 
waiter  name.  John  Hurst  had  four  liundred  and 
thirty  acres,  which  is  now  owned  by  Jonathan  B. 
Rutter,  Jlatthias  S.  Hurst,  David  F.  Click,  and  others  ; 
a  small  part  of  it  belongs  to  Jacob  S.  Hershey.  Jo- 
seph Hershey's  land  ha-  long  been  in  the  Hershey 
family,  and  Moses  .^hui  p.-  land  belonged  a  long  time 
to  the  Sharp  family.  .loseph  Butter's  grandfather, 
Joseph  Rutter,  had  two  hundred  acres;  Joseph  now 
owns  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres  of  it  and  A. 
R.  Kurt?  owns  the  rest.  Adam  Miller,  grandfather 
'  of  Joseph  Sillier,  Esq.,  wdio  recently  died,  aged  aliont 
I  ninety  years,  probably  took  up  a  large  tractnear  Mill 
Creek,  which  descended  to  his  sons  John,  George,  and 
Adam.  This  land  is  now  owned  by  Christian  Mussel- 
man,  Robert  Hoar,  George  F.  Dosch,  and  a  number 
of  others.  Isaac  Eby,  grandfather  of  Maj.  Christian 
Eby,  who  lately  died,  aged  ninety  years,  either  took 
up  or  owned  a  large  tract  or  tracts  of  land  which  em- 
brace.l  the  late  Maj.  Ebv's  farm  and  lamls  now 
uwned  by  Adam  Diller.  Daniel  .M.  Thomas,  and  other 
persons. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  landhohlers  of  the 
township  in  1782,  taken  from  an  old  list  of  taxables, 
etc.,  and  returned  for  that  year  : 


Ilalsur  Di=.)]e.  HlKu  I 

Jolih  Hair  (2  stills,  1  servant).  Willia 

IliiVid  nair.  .M'laii 

Henry  Hair.  J"lin  I 

I'l.ilip  l!ar^l(l»tilll,  ,                C..^<n. 

Kriu.ci.  Bi.ckwalt.r.  IVLm 

I'etcr  U.iUur.  -'"li"  ' 


Ilfi.ry  Mil 
.liiliies  ir>i 
ALirain  J..i 


LEACOCK   TOWNSHIP. 


Jonas  F.Bi-iler. 
George  Beiler. 
Jucob  Boiler,  Sr. 
Jacob  Z,  iWilel. 
Cliii»liaii  Z,  Beil 
Suiuuol  L.  BeJier 
David  S.  Builer. 


Dan 


Bee 


MielMul  KaiilTinan 
Abraliam  Kurtz. 
Jacob  KreiJer,  Sr. 


7..  Lapr. 


.<^,I 

uhI  U>W. 

il.c 

rt;e  l.lnie. 

Da 

id  Line. 

.Warn  Leitner. 

Jol 

Jacob  SI.ViMS. 

iatian  Myers, 
im  Miller. 

Andrew  Maxwell. 

Mi 

rlinMa.xWBll.Sr. 

Jo 

n  Maxwell. 

M. 
Ja 

rtin  Maxwell,  Jr. 
les  McCumry. 

Ik 

,ry  .Musser. 

Fe 

ly  Myers. 

Ue 

Jige  Mackrell. 

W 

M. 

ttlif  w  McClnng,  Sr. 

M 

tli.ew  McClung. 

K8 

11. 

erMcCauslan.l. 
vidl'ain.er.    ^ 

tl 

Industries.- 

Agri 
Mai 

LUltU 

l:i 

rinrrs  a, id   s., 

d   tu 

butcl 

I. 

hit,,  veiu-s  a 

very 

cuiiji 

li 

I.    b«-M    c-iilti 

'ated 

and 

Tboniiis  Skilea. 
Ilarnian  SIcilea. 
Willuini  Skiles,  Sr. 


is  the  chief  industry  of 
■  are  fattened  by  the  | 
.  Mr  iM  dealers  in  stock.  \ 
ibh'  i|iiaiitilv  of  tobacco  I 


•kct, 


many  persons. 

'Ihere  are  two  grist-iulll-  in  tlic  tiiuiisbi|i,  boiii  ui 

iich   are  on  Mill  Creek,  and   at   prceiit   are  nwmd 

Mr.  William  Flickinger.     It  is  .said  that  the  ujiper  | 
e  cjii  the  stream  was  erected  many  years  ago  by  Mr. 
ihii  Miller,  whoat  that  time  owned  a  large  proiierty  j 

the  neighborhood,  and  the  other  was  erected  long 
ice  by  Mr.. Peter  Eckcrt,  and  was  afterwards  owned 
•  liis  son,  Levi  Eckert,  wdio  died  some  years  ago.  i 
neiijaiiiin  K.  Smoker  carries  on  a  blacksmith-shop 
id  a  coach-  and  wagon-maker-shop  in  the  township, 
id  Eli  Beiler  carries  on  the  blacksmith  and  wagon-  ' 

good  run  of  custom.  ' 


Sam 

icl  DenI 

Dan 

el  Denli 

Le« 

s  Diller. 

Geo 

-e  Diller 

Jacob  F.  Eby 

John  H.  Eby. 

Am 

s  L-by. 

Amo 

Futer. 

Saliii 

elG 

on'. 

C.  L. 

Glic 

c. 

Davi 

IF. 

aick. 

Gutlc 

b  G 

ilbortzer. 

Josei 

1.  11 

rsbey. 

lien 

y  11 

Ilel-sbey 

Mu»c 

3  lie 

sliey. 

Hen 

y  11 

r.,bey. 

Tobi 

3   K 

lle,»bey 

IIUMJ 

imij 

M.  Helsl 

.  S.  Ilersbey. 

Mall 

lias 

S.  lluiit. 

AbKiUi  S.  Stoltzfua. 
Stelilien  Stollzlus. 
JacubStollzfns,  Sr. 
Jacob  Stollzlns,  Jr. 
Jonatli.iu  K.  Sloll/fus. 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY 


Geoige  1).  Smitli. 


The  chief  (lart  of  the  forejjoing-immed  owners  of 
■farms  occii]iy  ami  eiiltivate  tliem. 

Non-Resident  Owners. — The  non-resiilent  owners 
of  farms  are  Cyrns  Bair,  Joel  Bair,  Thompson  Bruha- 
ker,  Jacob  M.  Denlinger,  Adam  Diller,  John  Denlin- 
ger,  Sr.,  John  D.  Denlinger,  Daviil  M.  Hostetter, 
Robert  J.  Knox,  Jacob  Mnsselman,  Dr.  John  Steele, 
N.  Jlilton  Woods,  Jacob  Wanner,  William  K.  Ben- 
der, and  the  estate  of  Christian  E.  Resh,  late  deceased. 
The  farms  owned  by  the  above  non-residents  are  occu- 
pied .and  worked  by  tenant  farmers. 

Thoroughfares. — The  old  Provincial  road,  now 
commonly  called  the  "  Philadelidiia  and  Lancaster 
Old  Road,"  running  from  Lancaster  in  an  easterly 
direction  towards  I'hiladelphia,  jiasses  through  Lea- 
cock  township  near  its  centre.  This  road  was  laid 
out  at  an  early  day.  It  is  said  that  its  width  was 
originally  sixty-six  feet.  It  always  was,  and  it  still 
is,  much  traveled,  and  before  the  construction  of  turn- 
pike roads,  such  as  the  Philadelphia  and  Lancaster 
turnpike,  very  large  quantities  of  the  productions 
of  the  country  and  much  merchandise  were  trans- 
ported in  lieavy  wagons  over  this  road. 

The  Newport  road  passes  through  the  townsliip. 
That  portion  of  this  road  leading  from  Christian 
Hess'  mill  (now  Hunsecker's),  on  Pequea  Creek,  to 
Conestoga  Creek,  at  Sheively's  mill,  was  laid  out  in 
1796.  Its  route  when  laid  was  from  Hess'  mill,  pass- 
ing through  Leacock  township  to  Intercourse,  where 
it  intersected  tlie  before-mentioned  old  I'ruvincial 
road, thence  running  on  the  bed  of  said  (jM  n.ad  fura 
very  short  distance,  then  turning  northwestward  and 
passing  through  the  townsliip  to  Mill  Creek,  at  Grolf's 
store,  and  fro"i\i  thence  extending  through  Upper  Lea- 
cock  townshii)  to  Sheively's  mill  on  Conestoga  Creek. 
This  road  is  much  traveled,  and  before  cattle  and 
other  stock  were  transported  on  the  railroads,  a  great 
part  of  the  stock  brought  from  the  West  was  driven 
over  this  road,  and  over  the  old  road  bcloie  men- 
tioned. 

Besides  these  two  main  roads  there  are  quite  a  nujn- 


ber  of  other  public  highways  which  tn 

verse  the  town- 

ship,  chiefly    running  in   a   northerly 

and   southerly 

direction. 

That  great  thoroughfare,  the   Pen 

sylvania   Kail- 

road,  crosses  the  southwest  |>.irtii.n  o 

■  Ihc  township, 

running  through  the  village  uf  Cu,n\( 

iiviilc. 

Intercourse   is   a   pleasant    and    tl 

riving    village, 

tended,  when  built,  to  be  used  as  a  farm-house,  having 
been  recently  torn  down  by  Mr.  Edmund  M.  Ranck, 
the  i)resent  owner  of  the  farm  upon  which  it  stood. 
Oneo^tlie  first  houses  erected  was  the  old  "Cross- 
Keys  Tavern,"  built,  it  is  said,  in  17'i4.  It-  was 
originally  'constructed  of  logs,  and  as  t'ar  back  as 
179(3  it  was  kept  as  a  public-house  by  William  Craw- 
ford. About  181-1,  Nathaniel  Liglitner,  who  then 
kept  the  house,  built  an  attaclinient  of  brick,  twcj 
stories  high,  to  the  east  end  of  the  building.  At 
length  ]Mr.  John  Seldomridge  became  the  proprietor, 
and  was  the  keeper  of  the  house  for  many  years.  It 
was  afterwards  owned  and  kept  by  Henry  Hess,  Sam- 
uel M.  Knox,  and  various  other  persons  up  to  the 
year  1873,  when  Jacob  R.  Rutter,  the  present  pro- 
prietor and  keeper  of  the  house,  had  the  old  part  of 
the  building  (the  western  end)  taken  down  and  a 
commodious  new  brick  building  erected  in  its  place. 
It  has  always  been  a  good  stand  for  a  hotel. 

Up  to  the  year  1814  this  locality  was  known  as 
the  "  Cross-Keys."  In  that  year  a  gentleman  named 
George  Brungard,  who,  it  is  said,  resided  iu  !Mari- 
etta,  Lancaster  Co.,  having  purchased  a  quantity 
of  land  (about  Ibrty-eight  acres)  all  lying  on  the 
north  side  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Lancaster  old 
1  road,  and  on  the  north  side  of  the  Newport  road, 
I  laid  tlie  same  out  in  small  lots,  with  the  expectation 
that  a  village  would  soon  spring  up.  One  hundred 
and  fifty-one  lots  were  laid  out,  and  were  distributed 
by  way  of  lottery,  wdiich  was  drawn  Nov.  14,  1814,  at 
the  house  of  Hugh  Urban,  in  the  city  of  Lancaster. 
A  plot  of  these  lots  is  filed  in  the  recorder's  office  at 
Lancaster,  and  according  to  this  plot  there  were  at 
that  time  but  five  bouses  standing  on  the  ground  em- 
braced in  the  lottery  land  ;  one  of  them  was  the  old 
"  Cross-Keys"  tavern,  and  there  stood  east  from  it  two 
other  houses,  one  of  u  liicli.  an  old  house,  stood  near 
the  place  at  which  Isaac  Murr's  dwelling-hoiije  now 
stands,  and  the  other,  also  an  old  house,  stood  on  the 
ground  upon  which  the  present  stone  house  stand-. 
There  also  stood  another  (dd  house  a  little  northward 
from  the  Cro=s-Kcys.  An  old  Miiith->liop  also  >tood 
on  the  point  of  land  lying  between  the  old  road  and 
the  Newpo^,t  road,  near  the  ground  on  which  Isaac 
Murr's  brick  smith-shop  now  stands.  Streets  were 
laid  out  and  named,  aud  the  name  "Intercourse"  was 
given  to  the  village. 

"  On  the  south  side  of  the  (dil  road  there  was  only  an 
old  farm-house  which  had  stood  lor  a  long  time,  and 
which  was  afterwards  owned  and  occupied  by  difler- 
ent  persons,  anumg  whom  were  Jacob  StaufVer,  Daniel 
Zook,  Charles  Swcigart,  and  others.  The  old  hou-e 
was  torn  down  in  the  month  ol    .\i.ril,  ISS.'i. 

It  appears  that  Irom  some  cau^c  tUv  hind  that  had 
hccn  di>lrihuicd  hv  lotlrr\  w.i-  noi  n.nch  bnilt  upon 
until   after   a  con-idnaMc    number  .,r  buildin--   had 


1  became  i 


LE  ACOCK   TOWNS  [I  IP. 


917 


Abnut  1827,   liowever,  anotlier    tavern-house  was 
erected   in   the'  villn.i;e  on  eertaiii  of  tlie  lottery-land 
lots.     It  was  built  by  Mr.   l.euinel  Sappintrton,  win, 
lor  a  time  kept  tlie  huu>e  biui-elf.      It  was  alterwaids   1 
ouiie.l  and   kept  by  Jacob    Kuttrr,  the  liitber  ..t  the  j 
late    Kli    Ilutter,    deceased.      \'ariuus    other    persons  | 
have  since  owned  and  kept  tlie  hou.se.     In  18S2  the 
huildin^r  was  well  repaired,  alterations  were  mad 
it  was  retinished  in  good  style  by  tlie  present  owner, 
.^Ir.  .racob  S.  Shirk,  of  Bird-in-llaiid. 

.T(iseph  and  Jacob  Wenger  became  the  owners  ot 
lands  lying  on  the  south  side  of  the  Philadelphia  and 


nd     hor 
er,  1  the 


inel-store,  three  carjienter-sliops,  one  butcher-shop, 
two   churclies,   two  scliool-houses,   three    physicians, 

the  lurking  of  tobaco,  is  carried  on  by  tlie  Messrs. 
Rutters  &  Diller,  ;iivin-  employment  tn  a  nunlberof 
hands.     A  number   of  .balers   in   >t,,rk   rr^ide   in  the 

ttle,  hogs,  and  ^heep,  are  bought  and  sold  in 


Gordonville.— Th 


oti 


lilt  village 
1  the  Penn- 
ding    from 


Lancaster  old  road.     They  built  several  houses  upon  [  the  Philadelphia  and  Lancaster  old  road,  at  Leacock 
this  land.     The  first  one  erected  by  tliein  was  a  brick  |  meeting-house,  to  the  old  Philadelphia  turnpike,  at 


store-house,  built  about  the  year  1833,  in  which   a  j  Paradise,  passes  through  the  village, 

store  was  carried  on  for  some  time  by  .Jacob.     Tliis  '       Peibre  the  railroad  was  constructed  the  land  which 

building  afterwards  came  into  tiie  hands  of  Mr.  Moses  i  is  now  situated  on  the  west  side  of  that   railroad  was 

Eby,  who  enlarged  the  same  and  conducted  the  mer-  |  owned  by  Mr.  Christian  Hersliey,  grandfather  of  the 

cantile  business  in  it  for  a.  long  time.     It  was  de-  1  present  Amos  Hershey  and  brothers.  The  first  dwell- 


stroyed  by  fire  on  the  1st  day  of  October,  1881.  Im- 
mediately another  larger  brick  building  was  built 
on  a  more  convenient  i)lan  upon  the  same  site.  -Air. 
Eby's  .son,  Jason  K.  Eby,  now  owns  the  premises, 
and  carries  on  the  mercantile  business.  It  is  a  g(jod 
business  stand.     He  is  the  present  postniasti'r. 

Wengers  was  sold  by  them  to  .Mr.  Daniel  /.ook.'xhe 
land  so  sold  gonsisted  of  a  hirm  lioiuing  partly  on 
the  aforesaid  old  road,  and  rMeiidin-  back  sonlli- 
wardacoii,ideral,le.listancelromlt;  the  old  dwelling- 
hon.^e,  before  mentioned  as  being  leeenlly  torn  down, 
stooil  on  tills  farm,  and  a  new  brick  house  was  erected 
some  years  ago  by  Mr.  David  Ilanck  upon  the  IronI 
part  of  the  farm.  Plouses  were  built  hinii  time  to 
time  upon  the  rest  of  the  Wenger  land,  that  is,  upon 
such   |)ortions  of  it  a^  were   siuiated   immediately  on 

built  upon  the  west  side  of  the  south  street  which 
runs  in  a  southerly  direction  from  the  village.  Those 
built  along  tlieold  road  were  erected  by  Daniel  Tioni, 
Charles  Sweigart,  William  Lytic,  and  others,  and  one 
was  built  fronting  on  the  Xi-wpoit  road  by  I'lionias 
Hiues.  Among  the  first  houses  bmh  on  the  we-l 
side  of  tlie  s<mth  street  Wijw  those  i,f  .s^aauiel  O'Daie 
and  David  Trout,  Sr. 

The  rest  of  the  land  lying  upon  the  north  side  of 
the  ohl  road  began  to  be  further  built  upon  abmit 
ISo."..  Houses  were  erected  on  ihis  land  Irom  time 
to  time  by  John  Curley,  Isaiah  .Miller,  Christian 
Peam  and  others,  and  several  houses  had  been  erected 
before  that  lime  by  Mr.  John  SeldoinriHge  on   the 


ing-house  erected  was  built  by  Daniel  Gordon  about 
1^32,  the  same  house  now  owned  and  occupied  by 
Mr.  Henry  Eckert.  When  the  railroad  w.is  com- 
pleted, I\Ir.  tbirdon  had  an  old  warehouse  standing 
on  the  west  .side  of  the  railroad,  in  which  business 
was  carried  on  by  himself.  In  183(5  he  built  a  store- 
house upon  the  same  nide  of  the  railroad,  in  wducli 
store-hou-e  a   simv  has   been   kept  up  to  the  i)resent 

this  new  house  was  .Mr.  \Villiam  .Maiialian.  He  com- 
menced the  business  in  ls:;ii,  ami  conducted  the  store 
up  to  1839.  He  also  at  the  same  time  earrie-l  on  the 
warehouse  business  in  .Mr.  Cordon's  warehouse.  He 
was  succeeded  by  Ilathoru  Freeland,  who  also  car- 
ried on  the  store  and  warehouse  business.  After  he 
(piit  the  store  it  was  carried  on  by  John  Seldomridge 
for  a  lime,  and  afterwards  by  John-Smoker  until  the 
year  ISiU,  wlieii  .Mi.  .\mos  Hershey  became  the  pro- 
prietor ol'  the  -tore. 

Al.otit  is:.;.  Ml.  Samuel  M.  lirua  eieete.l  and  car- 
ried on  machine-shop,,  doing  a  good  buMue.s.s.  He 
al>o  built  the  jiresent  warehouse,  the  old  wtirehouse 
who  h  had  belonged  to  Mr.  Gordon  being  torn  down 
or  out  of  Use.  In  18()S  he  sold  the  property  to  Mr. 
Amos  L.  Wilniei.  Mr.  Witmer  &  .Son  carried  on  the 
niaehine-^hop,  until  1.S7(I,  when  they  were  destroyed 
by  lire. 

In  1871,  alter  the  maciiine-shops  had  been  burned, 
the  Messrs.  Hersheys  became  the  proprietors  of  the 
whole  property  lying  on  the  western  side  of  the 
railroad,  coii-JMiiig  of  the  store-house,  warehouse, 
and  other  buildiii-s,  and   Inmlier-  and  coal-vards,  to- 


land    1 

■ing   be 

ween   tl 

e  old 

'■"• 

The 

present 

number 

,r  dw 

dl 

lagc  is 

lifty-lou 

r,  and  tl 

e  e.sti 

la 

itaiits. 

two  hui 

dred  am 

eigh 

y. 

The 

village 

has  two 

store 

,-t 

store. 

iiie    bla 

d«niirii- 

ho|>. 

on 

Newport     ge 


besides  dealing  largely  in 
,e  done  a  very  hirge  and  ex- 
•eccntly  erected,  in  connec- 


LIIS 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER    COUNTY. 


moulding-niill.  AJditions  were  made  by  tliis  firm  :it 
different  times  to  the  old  store-liousc,  iiiid  tliey  liiive 
jiist  torn  down  the  old  jiiirt  of  it,  which  was  built  by 
Mr.  Gordon  in  183ii,  and  design  erecting  a  much 
larger  an<l  more  cojivenicnt  structure  upon  the  same 
site. 

Mr.  Manahan  left  the  store  in  183t).  Previous  to 
or  about  that  time  he  purcliased  land  lying  on  the  \ 
eastern  side  of  the  railroad  and  erected  a  number 
of  buildings  upon  it.  lie  also  erected  a  .-tore- 
house  and  a  stone  warehouse  upon  this  land,  and 
carried  ou  business  there.  This  store  and  warehouse 
were  afterwards  conducted  by  different  persons.  The 
warehouse  was  at  length  destroyed  by  fire.  lie  laid  ' 
out  some  of  his  land  in  lots  and  sold  them  to  others, 
who  from  tjjne  to  time  erected  buildings  upon  tliem. 
That  portion  of  the  village  lying  on  the  easlern  side 
of  the  railroad  was  for  a  time  called  Concord,  but  the 
post-office  which  iiad  been  established  at  the  village 
was  named  Gordonville.  The  name  Concord  was  by 
degrees  dropped,  and  the  whulc  village  is  now  known 
as  Gordonville. 

Jlr.  Manahan  had  built  a  house,  which  for  some 
time  was  occupied  by  two  families,  but  in  or  about 
1843  it  became  a  hotel,  and  has  been  used  for  that 
l)urpose  ever  since,  having  been  kejit  by  various  per- 
sons, among  whom  were  Martin  Rhoads  and  Christian 
H.  Hershey.  The  property  is  now  owned  and  the 
hotel  keiit  by  JIartin  K.  Jlylin,  who,  in  lS7(i,  re- 
modeled, greatly  enlarged,  and  repaired  the  building, 
raising  the  same  to  the  height  of  three  stories.  Another 
building,  yet  standing  in  the  village,  had  been  used 
for  some  time  as  a  hotel,  but  after  the  o|Jcniiig  of  the 
present  public-iiouse  it  was  discontinued,  and  it  is  now 
occupied  only  as  a  dwelling-house. 

Gordonville  is  a  regular  station  on  the  Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad,  having  a  ticket-,  freight-,  and  c.Kpro- 
oUice.  Cigars  are  manufactured  at  several  places  in 
the  village.  %nios  Hershey  is  tlie  present  post- 
master. The  town  has  forty-one  dwelling-houses,  a 
number  of  them   being   occupied  by    ujorr   than   one 

hundred  and  twenty. 

The  Gordonville  Cornet  Band,  recently  organized, 
consisting  of  young  men  desirous  of  cultivating  their 
musical  talents,  was  incorporated  on  May  12,  18.S3. 
The  incorporators  were  Martin  K.  Mylin,  Henry  Bow- 
man, and  .Tames  B.  Miller.  The  present  oHicers  are 
Samuel  Jolinson,  president;  M.  K.  Mylin,  secretary  ; 
Emanuel  Hershey,  treasurer;  Trustees,  M.  K.  Mvlin, 
John  B.  \\^eaver,"  David  Taggcrt. 

Besides  these  two  villaircs   there  is  Weav.-rlown,  in 


Schools. — Leacock  township  did  not  accept  the 
scIkjoI  system  until  18-14.  At  an  election  held  on  the 
loth  day  (jf  March  in  that  year  the  following  person? 
were  elected  direi'tors:  Thomas  S.  Woods,  John  L. 
Lightner,  Christian  Eby,  Andrew  Dunlap,  Christian 
I'.eiler,  and  w'illiam  P.  Michael.  At  the  first  meet- 
ing of  this  board  it  was  resolved  that  the  amount  of 
school  tax  to  be  assessed  lor  the  year  -liouM  be  ~ix 
hundred  and  fifty  dollars. 

The  township's  share  of  the  State  appropriation  for 
conimon  schools  had  been  withheld  from  the  year 
1834,  the  time  of  the  passage  of  the  school  law,  up  to 
the  time  of  the  accejitance  of  the  system.  The  town- 
ship then  received  its  share,  which  amounted  to  a 
large  sum  of  money. 

After  its  organization  the  board  proceeded  immedi- 
ately to  provide  schoid-lnjuses.  It  contracted  for  the 
building  of  seven  new  frame  houses,  four  at  two  hun- 
dred and  seventy-five  dollars  each,  and  three  at  two 
hundred  and  fifty  dollars  each.  Besides  these,  the 
board  procured  tiic  use  of  two  other  houses,  which 
were  held  at  that  time  by  trustees,  but  which  were 
afterwards  conveyed  to  the  school  district. 

Thelirstteachersemployed  were  at  Hollow,  Chiron 
T.  Whipple;  Hatvillc,  Donald  Sutherland;  Inter- 
course, John  Seldomridge,  Jr.;  Eckert's,  Thomas 
Coulter  ;  Concord,  R.  M.  Creamer;  Weav'ertown,  .lohn 
McKillips;  Stoltzfus',  Henry  D.  Jletzler;  /uck'-. 
Daniel  Lefevre;  Putter's,  'I'homas  Allen. 

In  18o2  an  ind. pendent  s.hool  district  was  estab- 
lished, compo-cd  of  small  portions  of  the  territori.'s 
of  Leacock,  Salisbury,  and  Paradise  respectively. 
The  school-house  Cor  this  district  stood  at  (irst  in 
Salisbury  township,  liut  i)i  lS7o  a  new  hou-e  was 
erected,  and  is  now  n-i-d,  which  stands  just  over  the 
line  ..u  the  soil  of  Lcuco.k.  It  has  its-,)wn  board  of 
directors,  and  it--  name  i-  New  Mdltown.  Since  lU.il 
lime  the  legal  name  of  ilu-  old  di-trict  is  the  -cho.d 
district  of  Leacock.     . 

In  1807  another  srhool-liou-.e  was  erected  by  the 
school  district  of  Leacock,  near  Intercourse.  It  was 
of  brick,  and  its  cost  was  si.\  hundred  and  ninety  nine 
dollars.  Since  the  erection  of  this  house  there  have 
been  in  the  township  im  srhoid-. 

According  to  the  minui.  s  .,(  the  board  there  have 
beensi.\-ty  <liirereiil  p.r-nn>  who  h.ivc  served  as  school 
directors  in  the  di-lru't  since  the  acceptance  of  the 
system  in  IStt.  Sonic  of  these  persons  served  three 
years,  .some  six,  some  nine,  and  a  few  of  them  twelve 
years.     .-Vnd    the    iiiiiiil.rr  of  dillVrcnt   teachers   that 

si.xlv,  some   of  these    t,  :l.  iler,    Ir.iviii-    taii-ht    111    the 


dwell 


del. 


Mi.s  Sallie  K.  Stchmaii, 
iel  five  .-e,.ioiis;  Mr.  \V. 
eii-er,  ten;  Pliaivs  P.nek- 


LEACOCK   TOWNSHIP 


waiter,  ele 

sessions. 

Tlie  sell 
come  iiuiLV 
iiieiiced,  ill 


The  pre^in 
site  of  llh'  loi 
|.ast(ir.  It  u; 
ly.Vl.     tM't.T 


nrk 


III 


mt  Aei 


tliL'  next  yeiir  two,  :iiiil  the  lull.nviiig  year  tlyee  iimru 
were  en'ctcil.  In  1S7>^  two,  in  lS7it  one  waa  built, 
and  lastly  the  brick  luuise  which  had  been  erected  in 
1S57  was  taken  down  and  a  new  one  erected  in  is^i'. 
All  of  these  new  houses  were  jjlaoed  on  or  near  tlie 
same  ground  on  which  the  old  liou^es  hud  stuod,  ex- 
cept two  or  three,  wliieh  were  |il:ieed  :si)iiie  consider- 
able distance  from  where  the  old  ones  had  been 
located.  These  new  houses  are  frame,  of  good  size,  [ 
substantially  built,  and  tastefully  finished.  Each 
one  is  supplied  with  patent  desks  and  furniture  of  tlie  ! 
latest  and  most  ai)i)roved  style.  They  were  built  and 
furnished  at  an  average  cost  of  thirteen  hundred  and 
twenty-four  dollars,  exclusive  of  the  land.  The  esti- 
mated value  of  school  ])roperty  in  the  district  is  six- 
teen thousand  dollars. 

The  present  members  of  the  school  board  are  Elias 
Leaman,  W.  Kennedy,  Mahlon  Buckwalter,  Tobias 
K.  Ilershey,  Michael  K.  Lapp,  and  John  Fislier. 
The  president  of  the  board  is  IMahlon  Buckwalter, 
secretary,  W.  Kennedy,  treasurer,  Elias  I.eaniaii. 

Leacock  Presbyterian  Church.'— In    17:^4.  .Mr. 
Adam  lioyd,  u  licentiate  from  the  Presbytery  of  New  , 
Castle,  was  commissioned  to  collect  a  congregation  at  I 
Pequea  Church  and  take  i)reliminary  steps  towards  I 
its  organization.     He  afterwards  performed  the  same  [ 
duty  at  Leacock.     The  congregation  of  Leacock  was  I 
at  first  connected  with  Peiiuea.     The  regular  place  j 
of  preaching  was  at  Pequea,  with  occasional  services  ' 
at  Leacock.    In  1739  a  log  meeting-house  was  erected  ' 
by  the  Leacock  congregation  on  a  lot  of  one  acre  and  ' 
flfly-seveii    perches  of  land,   purchased    from    .Toliii 
Vernor,  Sr.,^br  the  sum  of  five  shillings,  the  same 
being  conveyed,  by  said  John  Vernor  and   wife,  ol 
Leacock  township,  by  deed    dated  Feb.  9,  1741,  to 
George  lirown,  John  Cooper,  William  McCausland, 
and  John  Rees,  of  the  same  place,  trustees  chosen 
"by  and  for   the  congregation   of  the  Presbyterians  j 
of  Leacock."      The   church    was    regularly    organ- 
ized  in    1741    by  the   Presbytery  of  Donegal.     After  | 
its  organization  the  congregation  obtained  occasional  j 
supplies  until  March  2'),  1751,  when  the  Rev.  Robert 
Smith   was  ordained  and   installed   pastor  over   the 
united  churches  of  Leacock  and  Pequea,  and   con-  [ 
tinned   pastor  of  both  until   1759,  when  be  was  re-  j 
leased  from  Leacock  in  order  to  give  all  liis  time  to  ^ 
Pequea.     For  many  years  Dr.  Smith  had  charge  of  j 
a  rlnssienl  and  tlicologieal  school  of  a  very  high  char- 
acter,     lie   is   repioriilid    as   liaving    been    both    an  ' 


1771 


ng  was  erected  on  the 
1  while  Dr.  Smith  was 
d  opened  for  service  in 


was  arerpted.  Mr. 
over  Leacock  on  tlie 
continued  as  pastor 


over  the  united  ehurehes  of  Leacock  and  Lancaster 
until  177!i,  a  period  of  nine  years.  He  for  many 
years  oecupieil  a  prominent  position  in  the  Presby- 
terian Clmreli.  He  died  Dec.  22,  1824,  at  Freehold, 
N.  J.,  aged  nearly  eighty-one  years. 

In  the  year  177U,  Leacock  and  Lancaster  were  set 
olf  by  Synod  from  the  Presbytery  of  Donegal  and  put 
under  the  care  of  the  New  Castle  Presbytery. 

In  1780,  Leacock,  Jliddle  Octorara,  and  Lancaster 
CUiurches  became  united,  and  the  Rev.  Nathaniel  W. 
Sample,  having  received  a  call  from  these  churches, 
accepted  the  same,  and  was  installed  as  pastor  over 
them  in  December,  1781.  His  ])astoral  relations  to 
these  churches  continued  until  Dec.  26,  1821,  a  pe- 
riod of  fort}'  years.  Mr.  Sample  is  said  to  have  been 
a  very  interesting  and  po|UiIar  preacher.     A  number 

studies  under  liis  direelioii  lieeanie  eminent  and  use- 
ful ministers,  lie  died  at  Str.isburg,  Lancaster  Co., 
Aug.  2G,  1834,  aged  eighty-three  years.  Several  of 
his  descendants  have  been  elected  ruling  elders  over 
Leacock  Cluuch.  His  grandson,  Dr.  Samuel  R.Sam- 
])le,  holds  th.il  ollbe  at  the  present  time.  While  Rev. 
Mr.  Sample  was  pasLir  the  congregation  of  Leacock 
was  incorporated,  March  10,  1787,  by  act  of  the  Gen- 
eral Assembly  of  Pennsylvania.  The  trustees  named 
in  said  act  of  incorporation  were  Rev.  N.  AV.  Sample, 
.lames  Mercer,  .lohii  Craig,  John  Slaymaker,  George 
.Mellvaine,  Henry  .Slaymaker,  Jr.,  William  Porter-, 
William  Craytoii,  and  .lames  Cooper. 

Rev.  .Joseph  Barr,  the  next  ])astor  for  Leacock,  was 
installed  over  the  churches  of  Leacock  and  Middle 
Octorara,  May  0,  1823.  On  account  of  declining 
health  he,  in  1844,  gave  up  Octorara,  and  in  184() 
resigned  Leacock,  having  been  pastor  over  Leacock 
for  twenty-three  years.  Mr.  Barr  was  an  impressive 
preacher,  and  his  ministry  was  highly  successful.  In 
arr  was  pastor,  a  new  church 
ill  the  village  of  Paradise  for 
tion  of  a  portion  of  the  Lea- 
l.eaeoek  and  Paradise  were, 
one  ciii;aiiizatiim,  haviiifr  the 


eminent 


still 


1840,  and  while  M 
building  was  erect 
the  better  accoinn 
cock  congregation 
however,  and  are  yet  one 
same  session  and  the  .same  1 
Rev.  P.-J.  Till. low  Inel  be^ 
ol  Belleview  Ir.nii  the  w;i 
184G,  the  Leacock  coiigrega 
half  of  his  time  at  Leacock, 
to  Prcsliytery  by  the  com 
Dr.  N.  W.  Sample  and   Tl, 


920  HISTORY    OP   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Tiiiilow,  luiving  accepted  the  call,  was  installed  pastor  are  buried  in  it,  some  who  died  a  long  time  since,  and 

on  Nov.  4,  184G,  from  which  time  he  was  |iastor  over  a  number  who  died  at  c|uiti-  an  advanced  age. 

■  the  chnrclies  of  Relleviuw  and  Leacock  until  ISoT,  a  Christ  Church.'—Tlii-   In  a   I'rotestant  Episcopal 

jK-riod   of  eleven   years.       lit-  alterwards   .irvrd    the  (Miui.l,..   h,   wa-<   oi-arii/ed   .m    the'   2d    day   of  May, 

cliundi  a  second  time.  1  ^l.s.  in  a   jk-w    -Inn,'    l.uildiriL'    uUeiided    fur    its    Usl-. 

In   the  winter  of  IslS,  Nsliile  Dr.  Tindow  was   pa-  fbc  warden."  ll. en  wi-iv    John    ]Inpl;in.    and    Daniel 

tor,  important  repairs  were  niade  in  the  interior  nf  i'.nekley,  and  the  vestrymen  were  Nathaniel  Rutter.            ' 

the  Leacoek  Churcli,  and  at  a  later   |.eriod,  perhaps  William  Lightner,  Jacob  Rutter,  Nathaniel  F.  Light-            i 

about  tiie  year  1800,  extensive   general   repair.,  and  ner,  .John    I!.  Henderson,  .Joel   Lightner,  Sr.,  Jacob 

improvements  were  made  on  the  building.  Kingwalt,  ( ie.iP.'e   I'.lbmiker,  .I..rl   Lightner,  Jr.,  .\n-            I 

In  .18.30  the  trustees  of  the  ehui-eli  were  Dr.  N.  \V.  drew     Lytic,    .b.bn     Dunlap,    John     Lightner,    and            | 

Sample,  J.din   C.  Lefevre,   Philip   I'oster,  James   1'.  ,  Leonard  Awater.     The  cimreh   building  was  erecte.l            V 

Mcllvaine,  George  D.  Mcllvaine,  (George  L.  Eckert,  upon  a  lot  of  ground  which  had  lieen  purrhased  from 

Henry  Eckert,  Thomas  !?.  AV'oo.U,  and   Nathaniel   E.  Isaac  Eby  for  the  sum  of  hfty  p.mnds,  and  on  June 

Slaymaker.                                                                                 ,  7,  1818,  it  was  consecrated. 

Rev.  Robert  Gamble  was  the  next  pastor.     He  wa>  Kev.  .Mr.  Glark.nn  wa.  the  fu-.t  reetor  nf  the  church, 

in.talled  Get.  22,  1S.-|7,  and  coutiimed  pa-tor  lor  three  being  aUe.   reet.ir   ..f  the   eburebes   at    Lanca>ler  and 

years.     Rev.  John  Elliot,  the  ne.Kt  pa.tor,  was  installed  I'equea,  and  the  only  minister  that  officiated.     About 

June  4,  ISGl,  and  continued  until  <).t..ber.  bsil/,  >i.\-  1819,  Rev.   Jlr.  Spencer  officiated   as    minister.     In 

years.     May  5,  1808,  Rev.  P.  J.  Timh.w  wa^  installed  January,  1825,   Rev.  Samuel   Bowman  became  asso- 

the  second  time,  and  continued  pa-t..r  until  .\prii  l,  eiate  rect<jr  of  the  ehnivbe.  ..f  Leacoek  and  St.  John's 

1874,  having  .served  the  Leacoek  Ghureh  ill  all  -v. 11-  eliui-eh   near  the  Compa" ).      .Mr.  Bowman  was  suc- 

teen  years.     Dr.  Timlow  was  a  gentleman  of  learniiiL'  eeeded  by  Rev.  John   li.  Clem.on,  in  1828,  who  con- 

and  good  attainments,  and  stood  high  in  tin-  ebureb  tinned  rector  until  the  spring  of  1831,  when  he  was 

a  divine.     He  was  held  in  high  estimation  by  the  succeeded   by   Rev.  Richard    V.   Morgan.     In    1835, 

Leacoek  congregation.     This  is  evidenced  by  hi.  re-  Rev.  Mr.  Jlorgan  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  E.  Y.  Buch- 

ceiving   from  the  congregation   a  .ceinid   call.     The  aiian,  who  continued  rector  of  the  church  for  nearly 

ne-\t  past.u-  was  Rev.  D.  IC.  Gampbell,  installed  May  nineteen   and  a  half  years.     At  the  time  Jlr.  Buch- 

11,    1S75.    and    continued    until    Orti.ber,   ls7ii,  .ue-  anan  took  charge  of  the  cliurch  there  were  forty  I'ani- 

ceeded   l.v    P.  v.   G.    W.    Dultield,    wli..    wa.   in. tailed  ilics  and  tli irty-one  cninuinieaiits  and  i n    lSi7  there 

.lune  If.,  1S77,  and  di.iiii-..ed  at  bis  own  ie.|ne.t   Eeb.  were    tbity    tauiilie.    and    Inrty    eomiiinnieants.      Tlie 

1,  b^Sii.      Rev.  E.  W.C.iylord,  the  present  pa.lor,  u,is  following   is  a  paitial    li.t    of  the    fanidies   connected 

called  Aug.  7,  1880,  and  installed   Nnvember    lOtli   ..f  with  the  ehuieli  in  Is:;.'.,  vi/.  :   .Judge  .lolin  Lightner, 

the  .same  veai.     Tlie|.iesent    nnnii.ei    of  meiiibei.  .,f  .I-.el    Lightner.   Sr,.   . I,, el    Lightner,    K-q.,    Nathaniel 

the  chnreii  is  two  hundred  and  foil.  F.   Litrlitner,   John   Ye.ites,   (leorge    lOllmaker,  J.dm 

.So   far  as  can   be  a-eertained   the  fol l.)wiiig-naiiied  Dunlap,  Piehard  . I.  Putter.  .Vnderson  INitter.  ,Vndrew 

[.ersons    have    serve.l    the    ebiireb    as    ruling  elder.:  Dunlap,    Gbristian    lie.iiii,    Samuel    O'Dare,    George 

lleniT  Slavmaker,  Col.  .laiiir-   .Mercer,  J(din  CiaiLS  W'yke,  Shaw  Frew,  Isaac  B.  Burrowes,  Samuel  Slieaf- 

ler,    David    Witmer,   jlobert    McLelland,   Nathaniel 
Rutter,    WiUnun   Hoey,   John    JlcSorley,    Archibald 

Watson,  James  Johnson,  Dr.  N.  W.  Sample,  .l,d,n  C.  '  Young,  Henrv  Kin/.er,  Jaeol.  Eshleman. 

Lefevre,  James  P.  Jlcllvaine,   Henrv  Part.. n,  George  '  In   September,    LvVl,    .Mr.    Piuhanans    eonnecth.n 

.Mcllvaine,    John    Slaymaker,    William    Slaymaker,  with    the   cliureh    as   reetor  ceased.     He  was  a  very 

Itoliert  Mcllvaine,  James  Whitehill,  George  Diillield,  able  iireacher,  nuich  esteemed,  ami  lie  maintained  a 

Samuel  Slaymaker,   Moore   Connel,   David   Stirling,  high  standing  in  the  Episcopal  Church.     He  was  a 

('apt.  John  Slaymaker,  Joel  W.  Lightner,  Nathaniel  brotlier  of  the  Hon.  James  Buchanan,  late  President 

E.    Slaymaker,    Jonathan  Leidigb,  .l.diii  (i.   Dilner,  of  t  be  Tniled  Stales.      I  le  is  still  living. 

Dr.  Braincrd  Leaman,  Albert  P.^M.dlvaine,  and    Dr.  In    1  S-Vl  the  ve.lrv  of  the  ebureb  were   Pichard  J. 

Samuel   P.  Sample.     The  [.resent  ses..i..n   eonsisl.  ol  Putter,  Peter   R  Li-litm-i,   Samuel   Shealler,   Joseph 

Pev.  i:.  W,  <!aylord   (moderator),   N.    K.  Slaymaker,  Slack,  Christian    Warfel,  Samuel    O'Dare,   and    B.    F. 

James  P.  .M.ilvaine,  Henry  Bartim.  .\.  P.  .Mi  llvaine,  ,  Holl. 

Dr.  Prainenl  Leaman,  Dr.  Samuel  P.  Sample.  Pev.  P.ryan  li.  Killikelly  succ^'eded  Mr.  Buchanan 

Tlie  present  trustees  are  A.   E.   Mo., re,   piv.ident;  .  on    Faster-day,   April   8,  1,8,35.     In   1803,   Rev.  J.  F. 

James  P.  Mcllvaine,  secretary;   Dr.  Samuel   P.  Sam-  I'Mi  bad  charge  nf  the  church.     The  Rev.  Augustus 

ide,   treasurer;    Dr.    Biaiiierd    Leaman,  II.  ll.Sbert/.,  White  t..nk    ehaige  Dee.  il,  1805,  and   cimtinned   ree- 

E.  W.  Esbenshade,  David  F.  Beam,  .loliii  N.  Wood.!  to,    until   July,  1807,  and   on    the  1st  day  of  October, 
C.  Keneagy. 

Cemetery.— The  cemet.^.rv  at  Leacoek  Chun  li  is  an  '  ^,  [  !'"V',"ru!'""i,!!."'i',"',T'  'I'le'lTal  'vT\ ',","".',"  lu'T-'n '!  ^"u." 

old  and   large  one.      A  very  large  nnmi.er  of    persons   I   lii^.'^lf  ul  hi'.iu.'r  ' '""  ""   "'"   "  ""'  '"  """"'""    "" "" 


Henry  Slaymiiier,  .Ir.,    D.iiinl  Slaymaker,   William 
MeCausland,     Dr.    William     II.     Dnllield,    Nathaniel 


LEACOCK    TOWNSHIP. 


1869,  Rev.  Henry  R.  Smith  became  the  rector,  Tiie  Catharine  Zook.  Tliis  small  society  was  then  a  part 
next  rector  was  the  Rev.  Thomas  liurrow.s,  who  of  the  Muuiitville  inissidii,  and  afterward  it  formed  a 
served  from  1S73  to  1S75.  Rev.  Henry  C.  Tastoriiis  part  of  Lancaster  Circuit.  The  first  preacher  was 
became  rector  on  Js'ov.  1,  1876,  and  continued  in  that  Rev.  Mv.  Wenger,  who  was  ftdlowed  by  Revs.  Frank- 
relation  until  June  30,  187!).                                              '  hauser.  Sands,  Stavely,  and  Pfeffly.     In  the  time  the 

While   Mr.   I'astorius  was    rector    the    old  church  chnrcli  was  served  by  the  above-named  preachers,  the 

buildiiif;  was  torn  down,  and  soon   after  a  new  brick  a])pointnient  was   orcasionally   visited    by   the    Rev. 

building  was  erected   in  lieu  of  the   ..Id    one  on  the  John  Light,  of  Leli:inoM  (,'nuntv.     In  LS4i;  and  1S17, 

same  site.     The  corner-stone  of  the  new  building  was  Rev.  D.  0.  Darrel  was  pastor,  the  a|ipointment  then 

laid  by  the  rector  June  2o,  1877, and  llo'  building  was  I'mniing  part  of  New  Ibilland  Circuit.    From  this  time 

consecrated  on  All  Saints'  Day,  Nov.  1,  1S77.  until   IsfiU  services  were  held  at  iMother  Zook's  and 

Since  the  organization  of  Christ  Church,  Leacoek,  at  lirother  David  Ran.k's.  In  184.S  and  1849,  Rev. 
many  i-lianges  as  regards  the  families  oilce  connected  ,  George  Gilbert  was  pastier,  assisted  in  part  of  1849 
with  tlie  church  and  with  respect  to  its  membership  by  Rev.  T.  F.  Halowell.  In  l.s.H)  a  church  building 
have  taken  place,  arising  from  various  causes,  sucli  of  brick  was  erecteil.  It  stood  on  a  small  lot  of 
as  deaths,  leiiM.vals,  and  the  erection  of  other  churclics  ground  obtained  from  Mr.  David  Uanck,  one  of  the 
in  the  vicinity.  Tlie  prc-eut  number  uf  f.imilies  is  original  meiuhers  of  the  sueiety.  In  1800  and  18.31, 
forty,  and  the  number  of  cuinniuiiiiants  tifty-lour.  Rev.  J.  Brewer  was  pastor,  and  ill  1852  and  18oo  the 
The  present  rector  is  Rev.  J.  Mc.Mpin  ilardiuL',  who  Rev.  Simon  Ziuimennan.  In  1854  and  1855,  Revs.  I. 
took  charge  Sept.  1,  18711.  He  is  also  rcctnr  at  .VII  Carpenter  and  J.  Fritz,  and  in  1850  and  1857,  Rev. 
Saints'  Church,  Paradise,  and  at  Grace  Cluuvh,  or  J.  P.  Reiland.  In  Is.'.S,  Rev.  Samuel  Sid.  is  wa,  pas- 
Gap  Mines,  tor.      He   was   returned    in    ISV.I,  hut   died   about  one 

The    [iresent  vestry    consists  of  Jacob  Hun-ecker,  month   after   hi-   letuni  and   was  luiried  at   Rauck's 

Isaiah   Miller,  Samuel   Snyder,  Klim  W.   Eshlcman,  Church.     The,  balance  of  the  year  was  tilled  part  of 

John  Sigle,  William   Kllmaker,  and   W.  Frank   Kr.i-  the  time  by  Rev.  J.  Brewer,  and  the  rest  of  the  year 

mer.    The  Sabbath-school  connected  with  the  ehureh  by  Rev.  George  (iilhert.     In  tliis  year  the  appoint- 

has  seven   teacher.s,   and   the   number  of  -ehobus  is  meut   paid   .is  |nvaeh.  r's  snhny   the  sum    of  thirteen 

thirty.      A  cemetery  is   at    the    church    l.uihiing,  in  dollar,  and  a  .pnii  ter.     From  l.siio  to  ISo-t  the   pastor 

which  many  interments  have  been  made.  was  Kev.  W.  .-^.11.  K.-ys.     Mr.  Keys  was  ,.  gentleman 

Church    of    the    TJllited     Brethren    in    Christ—  <.f  good  attainmenls,  ;.iid  a  lluent  and  lonible  speaker. 

and  were   added    to   the   eliun-h.      In    ISGo    ^,iid  'bsr.ii    the 

the  church  was  served   by    Uev.  I.  Baltzell,  and    Kev.  W. 

the  .M.  Fversas   iunior   preaeher.      In    18117   and  bSoS  the 

ised  Kev.  .Mr.  Ve.'e'er    was    p.i^tor,  and    ill    iSC'.l    and    1870 

iety  Kev.    D.    Db.iiiel.      From    1^71     to  .1874,    inelusive, 

eral  Ibv.  M.  ,1.  .Mnninia  served  as  pnstor. 

was  In   the   year    ls71,  Mr.  D.ivid   Raiick  set  ainirt  an- 

iler-  other  piece  of  laud.a.ijoinin-  the  n\,\  ehurcli    lot,  and 

liek  lying  i>n  the  s.mlh  -ide    theieot',  whi.di  he  donated    to 

nisi  the    ehur.'h.      file    whole    .liureli    lot    iiojv    contains 

ight  ahont  iiiii.-ty-oiie  perehe,  oi'  land.     In  the  same  year, 

ehielly  by  the   aetivi-   exertions  of  KeV.  Lewis  Peters, 

dder,  sullicient  funds 

t  of  the  old  church. 

;r  of  alterations  and 

__  _  _       ,  ,._ .  th    l.cll    placed    iii.tm 

,r  of  th-  pre-ent  residence  the  hiiildin-,,and  the  hnilding  it 
of  Mrs.  .Mary   Kaiick.     Th 
meetings  numbered  ten  pel 

gart,  Polly  Sweigart,  Chailotie  Miller,  Polly   .Aliller,  New  llolhind  Circuit  until  ]>:■',,  uheii  the  New  II, 

John  Miller,  David  Ranck.t'hnstmn  fink,  Catharine  land    Circuit    was   ,li vi.led,  ami   a    new    circuit  cstab- 

Zook,   John   Church,    and    .lulia   Clinreli.     Of    the-e  Ibhed.   called    the   Iiitereourse    Circuit,      li 

.1.    S.     Kiddie,    111     bsso,    Kev. 

I.  Kev.    !■:.   L.  Hughes,     The 
N.  .Mondeii. 


Some  time  alter  1774,  \Villiam  ( 

tteri.ein. 

thm   with   Maitiii    Itoehni,  Chris 

tian    New 

others,  after   many   years   of    pi 

eachiiig   1 

founders    of    a    .li-tin,  t     leligii 

us     societ 

COUr.se  of  time,  the  meinlieis  Inn 

ng  greatl 

and  being  scattered  ov,a-  a  large 

tciriloiy. 

became  more  fully  organized,  an 

1  at  Icngt 

organization  was   elleeted.      The 

first  con 

lield  at  Baltii^norc  in   17s;i,  and 

in     l^UII,  ; 

ence  held  at  the  house   of  Peter 

Keinp,  u, 

County,  JId.,  the   name'   Fnitcd 

Brethivi 

was  given  to  the  church  organiz 

tion  >o  tl 

be  distinguished  from  all  others 

Intercourse  Church.'-- The 

nigin   .,f 

at  Intercourse  dates  from  about 

s;!!i.     Kir 

were  held  in  the  Old   Pond  .m.!. 

..d-house. 

times  at  the  rcsidimee  of  .Mr.  CI 

lllesSwei 

.\  new  , 
>ollie  rci 
Ihe  Imih 

Hid    lillis 

The  I 
New  Ho 
land  Cii 
li-hed.    e 


-c  Ch 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTPm   COUNTY. 


The  present  trustees  are  Mr.  Jordan  Steen,  Alirani 
R.  Kurtz,  Henry  C.  Kurtz,  Samuel  J.  Campbell,  ami 
Phares  Buckwalter.  The  present  number  of  meiiilni-. 
is  ninety,  and  the  anmunt  raided  by  the  ehuixh  last 
year  towanls  iircauhrr's  >alarv  was  two  hundred  ami 
fifty  dollars. 

A  flourishing  Sabbath-school  is  connecteil  with  the 
cliurch,  and  is  under  lis  control.  The  nuLiilur  of 
scholars  on  the  present  roll  is  eighty-two. 

The  church  has  a  remetery  adjacent  to  the  church 
building. 

St.  Joseph's  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.'  — 
About  ISGO,  Rev.  Mr.  Rink,  a  clergyman  from  the 
Strasburg  Circuit  of  the  .^[ethodist  Episcopal  Church, 
held  religitms  meetings  for  a  time  in  the  school-house  _ 
at  the  village  of  Intercourse.  Afterward  the  Rev.  Jos- 
eph ]\IcGee,  a  preacher  of  the  Enterprise  (now  Bird- 
in-Hand)  Circuit,  held  a  protracted  meeting  in  the  hall 
in  said  village,  at  which  meeting  a  great  revival  took 
l)lace,  resulting  in  the  conversion  of  about  eighty 
persons.  The  want  of  a  permanent  place  for  worship 
then  began  to  be  felt.  Mr.  McGce,  together  with 
some  of  the  members  of  the  society,  commenced  the 
work  of  procuring  fuuds  for  the  erection  of  a  clianh 
building.  A  lot  of  forty-two  perches  of  land  was 
I)Urchased  from  Mr.  Peter  Eby  for  the  sum  ol  one 
hundred  and  fifty  dollars,  and  the  present  brick  build- 
ing was  erected.  It  was  completed  in  l.S('i2,  the  Rev. 
Mr.  JIcGee  being  the  first  pastor,  and  the  church  or- 
ganization being  a  part  of  the  Bird-in-Hand  tlinniit. 
The  first  trustees  were  Augustus  Rodgers,  .lu-i  |.li 
Ryan,  William  Graham,  Henry  Troop.'George  \V. 
Suiith,  Abraham  Bowman,  John  f:-|.en-l,ade,  Kaae 
Gabel,  ami  Joseph  Srnok,-r.  The  nana-  -ivcn  to  the 
church  was  St.  Joseph's. 

Mr.  MuGee'a  connection  with  the  church  as  pastor 
having  terminated  about  18(18,  his  successors  have 
been  Revs.  William  McAIichael,  Jlr.  .Tones,  Mr. 
Hammond,  Mr.  .Manger,  B.  T.  Siring,  William  Mc- 
Michael  (a?fccond  time),  John  Gray,  iMi.  Wood,  .Mr, 
Wiggins,  Joseph  Gregg  (two  years),  R.  (J.  Wood  (two 
years),  Jlr.Best,  Samuel  Ilorwell,  Rev.  Mr.  Rink,  and 
J.  R.  Bailey,  the  present  pastor,  who  has  entered  upon 
his  tiiird  year.  Besides  the  services  of  the  regular 
circuit  preachers,  the  church  has  had  occasional 
preaching  by  Revs.  John  Sayers,  Amos  Longiiecker, 
and  John  Bell,  as  local  preachers. 

For  a  number  of  years  after  the  organization  of  the 
church  its  membership  increased  rafiidly.  In  late 
years,  however,  owing  to  the  removal  of  many  of  its 
leading  and  most  influential  members  from  the  neigh- 
borhood and   to  changes   that   have  taken  place,  tlie 

is  not  hirge.' 

Baptist  Church.-  In  istu,  chiefly  through  the  in- 
fluence and  csertion  of  -Mr,  Samuel  M,  Brua,  a  large 


Mnii 


in  Gordonville,  intended 
worship  for   the    I'.apti^t 


M'Wi   .Mr 


the  ~„ 


1  removed  from  the  village  tin 
ity  being  lew  and  scattered,  ser 
ices  in  fhe  Imilding  by  tliesociety  were  discontinued 
t  the  present  time,  however,  meetings  are  occasion 
lly  held  in  it  by  dillerent  denominations. 
The  Old  Mennonites.— There  are  now  u|)wards  o 


the  towns 


belonging  to 


Mer 


Church.  The  society  has  at  pres- 
ent no  meeting-houses  which  .stand  within  the  limits 
of  the  town.ship,  but  their  houses  of  worship  are  situ- 
ated in  adjacent  townships,  and  are  well  attended  by 

isucli  members  as  reside  in  Leacock. 

\  Amish,  or  Ornish.— The  name  of  this  religious  de- 
nomination is  derived  from  Jacob  Amen,  who  had 
been  a  rigid  Mennonite  preacher  of  Switzerland.  In 
doctrine  they  a.lliere  to  the  Mennonite  faith,  but  they 
hold  certain  peculiar  views  which  distinguish  the 
society  iV.mi  that  >,f  the  Old  Meuuoiute.  Tirey  settled 
in  Lanea-ler  ('(juiity  at  an  early  day,  and  a  few  weie 
her,'  HI  ISIO.  Theie  are  at  present  probably  about 
eighty  families  uf  this  religion-  denomination  in  Lea- 
cock  townshi|,.  Tliey  ,,wn  mneli  gnnd  land,  and  being 
skillful  farmers  and  \er\  induct]  inn,  they  cultivate 
it  in  the  most  improved  manner.  They  have  no 
meeting-houses,  but  hold  their  religious  meetings  in 
piivate  houses.  In  some  of  the  adjacent  townships, 
hi.wever,  thev   have  of  late   vears   erected  houses   for 


Th 


Military.— lu  regard  to  t 
cock  township,  it  may  be  ; 
McCauslaud,  a  resident  ot 
officer  in  the  Revolutionary  \ 
.-Sample  was  a  brii^adier-gei 
lie  died  in  18G5,  aged  eighty 


etery  or  graveyard  near 
ird  was  formerly  called 
apart  tor  burial  purposes 
iety,  .Mr.  .Michael  Lapp, 
le  military  record  of  Lea- 
tated  that  Maj.  William 
said  townshi].,  was  an 
ar,and  Dr.  .Naihaidcl  W. 
eral  in  the  war  of  1S12. 
-,me  vears.     His  son,  1),, 


Samuel  R.  .Sample,  was  acting  surgeon  of  the  Fifth 
Wisc..iisin  Uegimeut  (Col.  Cobb's)  in  the  late  Re- 
liellion,  and  Dr.  Brainerd  Leanian  was  also  a  surgeon 
in  the  same  war.  Lieut,  David  Leche  was  killed 
in  ISO'2,  while  acting  as  captain,  in  a  cavalry  fight, 
at  Accoquan,  Va,  f'yrus  L,  ICckert  was  first  lieuten- 
ant Company  (',  .-^eventy-ninth  Regiment  Infantry 
ol'  I'ennsylv.ini.i  N'olunteers,  and  Daniel  A.  Zook 
was  second  lii-ntenant  Company  I,  Seventy-ninth 
Regiment,  all  being 
Eby  was  first  lii 
.sylvania  Regimt 


of  Leacock  township.  Joel  S. 
itenant  Company  I,  Second  Penn- 
it'of  Militia,  not  nuistered  into  ser- 


Bes 


the    towi 

privates 

When 

Leacoc'k 


dieted 


iber  of  persons  from 
t(;crs  and  served   as 


se   to   drafting, 
course  as  was 


l.y  sub- 


UPPER  LEACOCK  TOWNSHIP. 


scriptioiis,  contributions,  and  local  taxation,  willi 
wliicli  substitutes  were  procured  for  the  drafted  nieu. 
At  the  time  of  the  great  Revolutionary  struggle  fur 
independence,  Leacock  township  was  not  indilTerent 
as  to  the  result.      On  the  15th  day  of   December, 

1774,  in  pursuance  of  a  call  made  by  a  committee  of 
the  then  borough  of  Lancaster,  a  general  election  was 
held  at  said  borough  for  the  purpose  of  choosing  a 
committee  of  "sixty  proper  persons  to  observe  the 
conduct  of  all  persons  touching  the  General  Associa- 
tion of  the  General  Congress."  David  Watson  and 
Nathaniel  Lightner,  of  Leacock  township,  were 
chosen  at  tlie  election  as  members  of  the  committee 
of  sixty. 

The  military  organization  known  as  "  Associators," 
consisting  of  odicers  and  soldiers  associated  for  the 
defense  of  American  liberty  was  large,  and  existed  at 
the  time  of  the  Revolutionary  war.  Its  articles  of 
association  for  Pennsylvania  were  adopted  in  the  year 

1775.  A  paper  which  has  been  preserved  gives  a  list 
of  "  Associators"  for  Leacock  township.  The  follow- 
ing is  a  correct  copy  taken  from  the  paper.  The  list 
of  names  are  spelled  in  co|iying  exactly  as  they  are 
found  in  the  original   ]iaper.     The  paper  is  headed 

"  The  A  >30iw;urj  of  Leacock  I'.icu'hip  (/■  loii.jwri  lo  (Mpl.  Itolaad's  Cumpnilj. 


1          George  Lyue. 

'          Ailam  Swope. 

Abralmm  Lyi.e. 

Heuij  Fultz. 

Stofle  W.-:,ver. 

GBorgo  Kinfrouk. 

SiCDiuct  Sliower. 

Marteeii  HilU.. 

lunielSwopo. 

AduDi  Itonibnrgar, 

Jo.e|.h  llig;irt. 

Jacob  Bern  i^liotet^ 

D»vi,i  IVnlcT. 

Johu  Uulti. 

E,,y. 


Miry  Folt, 
UlipShu 


Jani,-a  ll.,miUui.. 
JiinicB  Kuariis(li3let). 
Ileiii-y  WcTig.'l  (Soij.r) 


Officers. — The  county  offices  held  by  citizens 
Leacock  township  since  the  year  1840  are  but  f 
John  Pcldomridgc,  Ksij.,  was  elected  prothonotar\ 
18(i3,  and  served  three  years.  Daniel  M.  Eby 
came  a  county  auditor  in  1873,  and  was  re-elecl 
Amos  Hershey  was  a  prison  inspector  for  a  tern 
three  years,  commencing  in  187ti,  and  one  of 
present  county  auditors. 


illowina 
ship  sin 


;  a  list  of  justices  of  the  [leace  for 
184(1: 


D.ivij  (;i;lfl', 
Kobvn  T;,g» 


The  first  constabh 
township  of  Leacocl 


pointed  by  the  court  for  the 
!72'J,  was  Henry  Jones. 


ClIAPTEU    LXIII. 


IWN'.^llI 


Geographical  and  Descriptive.— Upper  Leacock 
t(jwn~hip  wccupics  a  central  jxisition  in  Lancaster 
County.  It  is  situated  between  Mill  Creek  and  Con- 
estoga  River,  and  originally  formed  a  part  of  Leacock 
(Laycock)  township.  On  the  north  it  is  bounded  by 
West  Earl  townshi]),  on  the  east  is  the  township  of 
Earl,  and  on  the  southeast  Leacock,  being  separated 
from  it  by  Mill  Crci  k.  .'^mitli  and  southwest  is  the 
township  of  Fy.i>t  Lanipctei,  and  on  the  northwest 
is  Manheim  town.-,hip.  The  Conestoga  separates 
Upper  Leacock  from  Manheim.  The  township  has 
a  plain  surface  generally,  except  in  the  western 
part,  where  is  Snake  Hill,  or  Bard's  Hill.  This  hill 
extends  from  East  Lampeter  township,  near  the 
Conestoga,  into  the  interior  of  Upper  Leacock  as 
far  as  Mechanicsburg.  Here  it  curves  to  the  north, 
and  then  trending  in  a  northwest  direction,  making 
its  way  to  the  Conestoga,  forms  a  semicircle,  thus 
inclosing  one  of  the  most  fertile  areas  in  Lancaster 
County.  The  steep  iicclivitie.s  of  these  hills,  the  ser- 
pentine trending,  and  the  ornamental  evergreens  deck- 
ing the  slopes,  nuike  the  region  very  romantic,  wdiile 
1  the  scenery  is  more  than  p.assing  grand.  In  the  south- 
east the  foot-hills  of  the  Wtdsh  Mountains  extend  into 
the  townshii.. 

Origin  of  the  Township. —In  17-J9,  when  Lancaster 
j  County  was  organized,  this  townslii[i  was  included  in 
■  Leacock.     It  extended  from  Conestoga  to  New  51111- 
'  town  along  Pequea  Creek,  a  distance  of  sixteen  miles. 
Its  average  width  was  about  five  miles.     Owing  to  the 
inconvenience  which  arose  from  this  distance,  at  a 
meeting  of  the  citizens  at  a  township  election,  and  on 
complaint  of  some  of  the  people  that  there  was  not 
a  clu-e  enough  supervision  of  the  general  interests  of 
the  district,  a  petition  was  present.«d  to  the  Lancaster 
Ciiuntv  court,  |irayiiig  for  a  division  of  Leacock  town- 
ship, the  hjwcr  or  s<jutlieastern  part  to  retain  its  origi- 
nal   name,  while    the    iiorthwestern    part  was  to  be 


•924 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


named  Upper  Leacock.  The  dividing  line,  as  set 
fortli  in  tlie  petition,  was  to  commence  at  a  piiint 
near  Hoover's  mill,  on  Mill  Creek,  and  to  t'nilou-  that 
stream  in  its  winding  course  to  the  StuiniJtown  ljridi,'e, 
and  from  thence  tlie  line  was  to  extend  directly  north 
to  East  Lampeter  township.  On  the  IDtli  day  of  June, 
1843,  by  a  decree  of  said  court  at  Lancaster,  Upper 
Leacock  was  established  and  created  a  new  township. 
Pioneer  Settlers  and  Incidents.— Among  some  of 
the  first  pioneers  of  this  township  were  the  Bushongs,  1 
Carpenters,  Weidlers,  IJnckwaltcrs,  arorts,and  Mixcls.  ' 

The  Bushong  Family.— John  lUishong,  a  French 
Huguenot,  arrived  in  J'hiladelphia  in  September, 
1731,  and  immediately  came  lo  Lancaster  County 
and  took  up  land  near  wliat  is  now  Heller's  ('lunch. 
The  Bushongs  who  reside  in  tliis  townslii]>  an-  the 
descendants  of  this  John  Bushong,  who  hail  a  lamily 
of  si.K  boys  — John,  Philip,  Peter,  Henry,  Jacob, 
and  David — and  three  girls, — Mary,  Barbara,  and 
Elizabeth.  In  1737  Mrs.  John  Bushong  died,  and 
Mr.  Bushong  married  a  secoml  time.  His  son 
Peter  emigrated  to  Virginia,  where  a  prominent 
branch  of  this  family  still  resides.  Jacob  went 
to  what  is  now  Berks  County,  and  the  noted  bank- 
ers of  Reading — the  Bushongs — are  the  descend- 
ants of  Jacob  Bushong.  David  went  to  Illinois. 
Philip  Busliong  inherited  his  fatlier's  estate.  John 
Bushong,  son  of  Philip,  is  the  grandfather  of  Isaac 
Bushong,  Esq.,  an  influential  citizen  of  this  township 
and  county.  Amos  Bushong,  millt-r.  of  I^ast  Lam- 
peter, and  Dr.  Bushong,  New  Holland,  arc  of  this 
family.  Isaac  Bushong,  of  this  tiiwii-liip,  has  in  his 
possession  a  copy  of  the  will  wiiileii  liy  .lohn  Bush- 
ong, bearing  date  June  •'),  \1V.K 

The  Carpenter  Family.— The  pioneer  settler  of 
the  northwestern  part  of  the  township,  that  bordering 
on  the  Conestoga,  was  the  celebrated' Emanuel  Car- 
penter, who  ventured  from  Lampeter  Sipiare  when 
quite  youngw  He  was  a  son  of  Henry  Car|)enter,  a 
family  of  Swiss  extraction,  the  paternal  name  beirjg 
Zimmerman.  Other  families  of  the  name  of  ( :aip. li- 
ter, also  immerous,  are  of  English  descent,  lleinii'h 
Zimmerman  (Henry  Carpenter)  was  born  alaiut  the 
year  1078-80,  and  came  to  what  is  now  Lancaster 
County,  Pa.,  about  the  year  1715,  and  settled  near 
what  is  now  LampeterSquare.  He  came  from  Switzer- 
land, bringing  with  him  a  son  about  five  years  of  age, 
named  Emanuel.  He  had  afterwariis  five  other  sons, 
viz.,  Gabriel,  Henry  (afterwards  Dr.  Henry,  a  cele- 
brated physician  of  his  day).  Christian,  Daniel,  and 
Jacob;  besides  two  or  more  daughters,  one  of  whom 
married  a  man  by  the  name  of  (irubh,  and  another, 
IMary,  married  Daniel  Ferree.  The  first  three  named 
sons  were  located  by  the  father  on  land  he  owned 
near  and  along  Conestoga,  and  in  what  is  now  U|>|.cr 
Leacock  and  West  Earl  townships;  and  the  other 
three  on   his  land   near   his   resndence  in  Lainpet.r. 


Nothing  positive  is  known  of  the  parents'  death.  Dr. 
Henry  Carpenter  had  three  sons — John  (afterwards 
Dr.  John),  Heiiry,  and  Abraham— and  several  daugh- 
ters. i)r.  John  Carpenter  was  the  great-grandl'ather 
of  Col.  Reah  Frazer,  of  Lancaster  City.  Henry  was 
the  hither  of  Henry  Carpenter,  a  land-surveyor  and 
conveyancer,  who  died  Dcr.  14,  ISiO,  and  the  grand- 
father of  Abram  Cari.entn-,  a  son  ol  I>r.  .\bram  Car- 
penter, a  physician  of  ronowii,  who  died  in  ISoG. 
The  ancestor.  Dr.  Henry  C.irpenter,  died  ou  his  farm 
near  Lampeter,  where  he  was  buried  May  20,  1840. 
Dr.  Henry,  and  James  C.  Carpenter,  probably  the 
oldest  land-surveyor  living  in  the  county,  both  of 
Lancaster  City,  are  lineal  descendants  of  the  original 
Dr.  Henry,  and  sons  of  the  aliove-named  Henry,  who 
died  in  184(;. 

Emanuel  Carpenter  was  live  years  idd  when  he 
came  to  this  county,  and  it  was  thought  that  it  was 
prior  to  the  year  172.S  when  he  settled  in  this  town- 
ship. '"His  influence  was  salutary,  and  he  had  the 
unbounded  confidence  of  his  fellow-citizens."  In 
1747  he  was  appointed  overseer  of  the  poor,  and 
held  that  position^no  lucrative  one)  for  a  number  of 
years.  In  175G  he  was  elected  to  the  Assembly,  ami 
was  annually  re-elected  until  1772,  when  his  health 
failed  him,  and  he  died  in  the  year  17S0.  His  re- 
mains repose  in  Carpenter's  graveyard,  along  the  New- 
port road,  where  a  suitable  monument  many  years 
afterwards  was  erected  to  his  memory  by  his  great- 
grandson,  Mr.  Reigart.  ICmaiinel  (^ir]ienter,  Jr., 
also  a  pnnninent  memlier  of  the  e'ar]>eiirer  t'amily, 
was  elected  to  the  Legi-lalure  and  h.'l.l  that  position 
during  the  Urvolulionarv  uar.  Jacob  Carpenter  is 
the  only   doceiidanl  of  this    noted   family    who  still 

On  a  part  of  the  .-.tate,  formerly  oulied  by  Emanuel 
Carpenter  but  now  by  Jacob  Kurt/.,  near  Mechanics- 
burg,  it  is  said  by  tradition  that  the  first  court  that 
ever  convened   in   L:in<:i-ter   County  was  organized 
in  the  year  172',».  in   a   liiile  log  house.     There  seems 
to  be  suHicient  evidence  to  confirm  the  oft-repeated 
statement,  for  immediately  after  the  erection  of  Lan- 
caster County  a    violent   discussion   arose   as  to  the 
I  most  suitable  place  lor  the  seat  of  justice.     Wright's 
!  Ferry  (now  Columbia),  Lancaster,  and  Postlethwaite's 
'  (about  seven  miles  south  of  Lancaster)  were  the  three 


,1  that 


in  session  some  time  until  a  dispute  aro->e  about  the 
location.  Finally  it  was  agreed  to  remove  the  court 
to  Postlethwaite's  farm  in  Conestoga  township,  it 
being  thought  that  this  jilace  iiossessed  suiierior  a.l- 

house  owned  by  I'o-llrthuaite,  until  .\ngnst,  17:;o, 
when  the  increasing  inlluence  of  the  Lancast.r  pally 
enabled  them  to  procure  the  removal  of  the  seat  of 
justice  to  what  is  now  Lansaster  City. 

Carpenter  Place,  is   now  standing   in   .Mechanic^bnrg, 


UPPER  LEACOCK    TOWiNSIIIP. 


opposite  the  Lutheran  parsonage,  and  is  occupied  as  a 
wood-shed.  The  logs  in  this  building  are  very  large  i 
and  heavy,  being  about  two  feet  in  width.  The  wood 
is  well  preserved  and  shows  few  signs  of  decay.  Tlu> 
liuilding  was  erected  by  Emanuel  Carpenter  about 
one  huiulre.l  and  si.My  years  ago.  It  is  surely  one  of 
the  most  ajicient  landmarks  of  the  township.  Jlr. 
Kurtz  points  out  the  place  on  his  farm  where  the 
court-house  stood, — the  foundation  of  it  is  yet  in  the 
ground.  He  has  also  in  his  possession  an  old  bench 
which  was  used  by  the  court. 

The  Heller  Family.— Jacob  Heller,  a  German,  to 
secure  his  emigration  to  America,  was  sold,  with  his 
wife,  for  a  limited  time,  to  earn  their  passage  for  the 
voyage  across  the  Atlantic.  After  his  liberation, 
which  was  about  the  year  1729,  he  received  a  grant  of 
land  of  one  hundred  acres  south  of  what  is  now  Hel- 
ler's Church.  This  is  one  of  the  most  beautifully 
located  farms  of  the  township.  It  has  been  succes- 
sively occupied  by  the  Heller  descendants  until  1865, 
when  Peter  Heller,  wdio  is  now  eighty-three  years  of 
age,  sold  the  farm  to  Kinzer  ^V.  Bender  for  his  son, 
John  W.  Bender.  It  is  now  in  possession  of  the 
widow  of  J.  W.  Bender,  and  is  also  worked  by  her. 

The  Mixel  Family.— Martin  Mixel  was  one  of  the 
early  pioneers  who  sought  a  home  in  Upper  Leacock. 
A  brother  acccmipanied  Martin  to  America,  but  was 
either  lost  or  captured  by  the  Indians.  Nothing 
definite  is  known  of  the  date  of  the  arrival  of  the 
Mixels  except  that  Martin  was  a  landholder  in  1735, 
and  that  he  died  at  "  a  great  old  age"  during  the  early 
part  of  the  American  Revolution.  The  land  which 
was  held  by  Martin  Mixel  extended  from  Mechanics- 
burg  to  Bareville,  on  the  south  side  of  the  pike,  and 
east  of  the  Garlier  plantation  it  was  on  both  sides  of 
the  pike.  Universal  tradition  has  it  that  Mixel  built 
his  first  house  near  a  spring  on  a  farm  now  owned  by 
Adam  Jliller,  but  occupied  by  his  son  Sheaffer.  No 
traces  of  tlys  house  can  be  seen  except  the  cellar  ex- 
cavations. Martin  had  three  sons,— Jacob,  Jtdin,  and 
George.  Jacob  nnirried  and  inherited  his  father's 
estate  in  portion,  and  also  erected  the  Midway  Hotel, 
between  Mechanicsburg  and  Bareville.  Jacob  had 
one  daughter,  an  only  child,  who  married  Hiraiu 
Batten,  whose  son,  Israel,  still  resides  upon  a  small 
tract  of  land  of  the  original  Mixel  plantation,  ami  is 
the  only  lineal  descendant  of  this  noted  family. 

The  Good  Family.— Hans  Good,  who  was  appointed 
the  fir.-it  con.stable  of  Leacock  at  the  organization  ol 
the  county,  was  one  of  the  early  adventurers  of  this 
county.  He  was  of  a  roaming  disposition,  and  de- 
lighted in  adventure.  He  did  not  settle  permanently 
until  17.'54,  when  he  took  U])  a  tract  of  land  of  nearly 
three  liundrcd  acres,  which  lies  between  Bareville  and 
;\Iill  Creek  in  this  lown.ship.  After  holding  this  tract 
of  land  and  bieaking  the  soil  for  a  period  of  ten  years, 
it  passed  into  the  hands  of  Andrew  Bare.  The  noted 
bookfnni  of  Lancaster  City,  Bare  &  Sons,  are  tlie 
descendants  of  Andrew  Bare.     Afterwards  this  i'arm 


was  purchased  by  Andre 
him  until  the  year  1854, 
])roprietor,  wdio  divided 
sons,  Uershey,  Jlilton,  a 


Ilershey,  and  was  held  by 
lien  S.  G.  Groff  became  the 
lie  farm  among  his  three 
I   Ezra,  who  are   the   occu- 


pants, and  hold  deeds  of  the  different  places.       - 

The  Grbff'  Family.— The  whole  eastern  part  of 
this  township  was  included  in  a  warrant  of  land 
granted  to  Hans  Grotf,  who  afterwards  disposed  of  it 
to  difl'erent  settlers.  Hans  Groff,  with  one  of  his 
brothers,  were  among  the  persecuted  Christians  who 
lied  from  Switzerland  to  Alsace,  then  a  province  of 
Erance,  about  the  year  1G95-1IG.  He  came  to  Ger- 
mantown,  where  he  remained  for  a  short  time  only  ; 
afterwards  he  settled  in  Peijuea  Valley,  but,  not  being 
content  here,  he  then  settled  in  Groif's  Dale  (Graaf 
Thai),  which  was  named  in  honor  of  him,  and  by 
which  the  settlement  is  known  to  this  day. 

The  following  is  the  circumstance  which  led  Sir. 
Groff  to  settle  in  Groft''s  Dale:   "His  horses  having 
strayed  from  Pequea,  while  in  pursuit  of  them  in  a 
northern  direction  from  the  inhabited  parts  he  dis- 
covered a  fine  spring  in  a  heavily-timbered  spot,  the 
head  of  Grove's   Run.     'In  this  Elysian  dale,' said 
he,  '  will  I  fix  my  permanent  abode.'     He  neverthe- 
less pursued  his  horses  till   he  found  them,  and  re- 
turned to  Pequea.     A  short  time  afterwards  he  dis- 
])osed  of  his  efi'ects,  when  he  returned  to  the  spring, 
and  about  half  a  mile  down,  on  the  north  side,  lie 
erected  a  cabin  under  a  large  white-oak  tree,  in  which 
I  he,  his  wife,  and  an  only  child  remained  during  that 
winter."     In  the  spring  of  the  next  year,  having  se- 
I  cured  by  a  warrant  dated  Nov.  22,  1717,  a  large  tract 
1  of  land,  he  erected  a  house  near  the  cabin.     The  spot 
where  he  erected  the  house  is  still  pointed  out  by  his 
descendants.     He  had  six  sons, — Peter,  David,  John, 
[  Daniel,   Marcus,  and   Samuel, — and   was   known   as 
I  "  Graaf  der  Jiiger"  ("  the  huntsman"). 
j       "  Hans  Groff',  after  serving  his  day  and  generation, 
the  public  on  several  occasions,  and  having  divided 
1  his  laud  among  his  sons,  died,  leaving  a  large  family 
I  connection.    Perhaps  there  is  no  family  in  the  county 
more  numerous,"  especially  in  Upper  Leacock,  more 
!  '■  rcspeclable,and  more  useful  citizens  than  theGroffs." 
The  Yonder  Family.— Jacob  Yonder  was  the  first 
U,  siek  a  home  on  Groff's  land.     In  1734  he  received 
a  deed  fur  a  tract  of  over  three  hundred  acres,  upon 
wliieh  he  immediately  erected  a  log  house  and  stone 
liarn,    the   latter   still    standing,    though     improved. 
Jacob  had  a  son  by  the  name  of  Jonas,  who  inherited 
i  this    farm   and    held   it   until    1801,   when   he  died. 
Dora,  the  only  child  of  Jonas  Yonder,  was  married 
to  a  Mr.  Haines,  who    then   fell    heir  to  the   farm. 
'  During  this  time,  and  until  1833,  tracts  of  laud  were 
sold  irom  the  original  farm,  reducing  it  tonne  hnn- 
ilred   acres,  when   it  was   purchased  by  John   Grabill, 
Sr.      It  is  luiw  held  by  .bihi,  Grabill,  Jr. 

The  Ferree  Family. -.Ii'lai  I'enee   married  Mary 


926 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Warenbuer,  and  resided  in  tlie  town  of  Lindau, 
in  France,  not  far  from  the  river  Rhine.  They 
were  Ifnijuenots,  and  wt-re  made  to  feel  the  full 
force  of  religious  per.'^ecution  then  raging  throughout 
Europe.  He  was  a  silk-weaver,  and  in  religious  be- 
lief a  follower  of  John  Calvin.  While  iroop.s  were 
murdering  his  friends  in  tlir  town  he  LMtliercd  u|i  a 
few  articles  and  lied  with  liis  family  tu  the  ncitrhbur- 
liood  of  Strasburg,  where  he  remained  two  years,  lie 
died  in  Germany,  leaving  a.  widow,  ifary,  and  six 
children,  who  came  to  America  in  the  year  1709  and 
settled  in  Ulster  County,  N.  Y.  When  they  left  the 
Palatinate  they  were  accompanied  by  a  young  man 
named  Isaac  Le  Fevre,  who  stated  that  his  family, 
who  were  also  Huguenots,  were  nearly  all  put  to 
death  by  the  soldiers,  and  that  he  escaped  with  difti- 
culty  unhurt.  He  came  with  the  family  to  America, 
where  he  married  Catharine  Ferree. 

From   Isaac   Le   Fevre  the   name  has  spread  over 
several  States. 

Mary  Warenbuer  in  1711  took  out  a  warrant  for 
two  thousand  acres  of  land  in  New  Strasburg.  Mar- 
tin Kendig,  who  seems  to  have  been  the  agent  for  the 
early  pioneers,  appeared  before  the  commissioner  of 
property,  10th  Seventh  month,  1712,  with  Maria  and 
her  son  Daniel,  and  desired  that  a  patent  might  be 
granted  and  conlirmed  to  Maria,  but  upon  due  con- 
sideration of  the  matter  it  was  .lecmed  l.t-st  to  con- 
firm the  same  to  her  son  Daniel  and  sojiin-law, 
Isaac  Le  Fevre.  She  died  in  Concstoga,  Cones- 
toga  township,  in  171(1.  There  must  have  been  some 
neglect  or  delay,  (or  we  find  that  a  |iatent  was  issued 
'to  Daniel  Ferree  and  l>aac  Le  Fe\re  in  17:i.'i.  Some 
years  subsequent  to  tlii>  time,  when  the  parlies  di- 
vided the  land,  it  was  discovered  upon  a  resurvey  of 
the  s.ime  that  it  contained  three  hundred  acres  more 
than  the  original  survey,  and  a  confirmation  deed  was 
made  which  embraced  all  the  land. 

I're  also  received  a  patent  in  his  own 
month  15,  ]71.'i,  for  three  hundred 
acres.  Philip  Ferree  received  a  warrant  24th  Sixth 
month,  171G,  for  three  hundred  acre<.  Daniel  Ferree- 
4th  Eightli  month,  1710,  six  hundred  acie^.  John 
Ferree,  2d  Fourth  nidiith,  1710,  one  hundred  acres. 

The  Lightiier  Family.— Adam  Lightner  and  Maud, 

secutions  along  the  Rhine,  which  ilmve  tlimi^ands  uf 
Protestants  to  Holland,  tiunre  i,.  Kn-hmd.  Tliey 
were  Lutherans.  Their  sun  William  was  l,„ni  in 
Germany.  Nathaniel  was  born  in  17oi),  while  Ids 
parents  were  encamped  near  Londorj.  They  came 
to  Anieiica  in  the  ^auje  year,  and  kittled  in  Ulster 
County,  N.  v.,  among  the   La  Kues,  Ferrees.  and  Le 


Isaac  Le  K.^ 
name,    Fourth 


Tluy  came  to  Peipiea  N'alley  in  the  year  1723,  and 
settled  upon  land  near  the  old  Peter's  road,  ui)On  the 
northern  boundary  of  Leacock  township,  and  about  a 
udlc  northeast  from  the  village  of  Inlcrcuurse. 

Nathaniel  married  Margaret  La  Rue,  who  was  born 


in  France  in  1713.  He  settled  upon  the  homestead 
farm  in  Leacock.  From  him  came  the  Lightner>  of 
this  county.  They  had  nineteen  children,  and,  with 
one  ex«eption,  a  child  was  born  to  them  every  year, 
and  to  make  up  for  wdiat  they  may  have  considered 
"  lost  time''  twins  were  born  in  the  year  1744. 

William  Liglitner,  son  of  Adam,  returned  to  Ger- 
many. Hi-  .jwned  large  .sugar  and  .-|iice  [danta- 
tions  U|)un  one  of  the  islands  in  the  Eastern  Ocean, 
and  he  became  po.ssessed  of  a  very  large  estate,  to 
wdiich  a  multitude  of  his  descendants  are  now  turn- 
ing their  eyes,  anxiously  waiting  to  divide  and  enjoy 
this  accumulated  wealth.  His  brother  George  also 
returned  to  Germany. 

The  Johns  Family.— The  Johns  fandly,  wdio  are 
numerous  and  wealthy  c'itizens  of  this  tuwn-hip,  are 
all  dcscenclants  of  John  Johns,  who  came  to  America 
with  Hans  Groff,  and  followed  him  to  the  "  White- 
Oak  Tree,"  in  GrofUs  Dale,  where  he  became  a  laborer 
for  Mr.  Groff.  Mr.  Johns  was  a  religious  refugee  of 
Switzerland.  He  had  hid  himself  in  the  attic  of  his 
house  to  seclude  himself  from  his  pursuers,  and  while 
looking  out  of  a  window  he  saw  his  large  herd  of 
cattle  was  being  slaughtered  by  those  who  were  in 
search  of  his  blood.  He  was  then  compelled  to  flee 
and  leave  his  estate  to  the  mercy  of  his  persecutors. 
After  having  accumulated  some  money  by  hard  work 
for  Jlr.  Groff,  he  purchased  a  tract  of  land  of  two 
hundred  and  thirty  acres  of  Emanuel  Carpenter, 
wdiereon  he  erected  a  house,  which,  with  additions 
and  improvements,  is  still  occupied  as  a  dwelling. 
This  farm  has  never  passed  out  of  possession  of  the 
Johns  family.  Reuben  Johns,  wdioowns  this  farm  at 
l>resent,  is  the  fourth  generation  of  J(dins  that  ha= 
owned  it. 

The  Lyne  Family.— West  of  HelVer's  Church  the 
first  iiioneer  settler  was  .lohn  Lyne,  who  had  taken  a 
warrant  for  a  tract  of  land  of  over  one  thousand  acres. 
Philip  Scott,  a  Scotchman,  had  been  a  laborer  and 
blacksmith  for  ]\rr.  Lyne,  and  had  his  shop  some- 
where near  w  hat  is  now  Weidler  Kaehel's  shop.    John 

-Lyne  had  a  >.m  l,v  the  name  of  David,  who  married 
Miss  Scott.  David  liiol  six  boys,— John,  William, 
Daniel,  George,  Ch.  -ii-r,  ;uid  ( iabriel.  Chester  Lyne 
was  a  soldier  ni'  the  war  ol'  1S12,  and  some  of  hi-> 
descendants  nin\  le-ide  in  the  eastern  part  of  the 
county.  .VII  the  otlier  boys  went  west,  except  Wil- 
liam, wlin  went  til  ( 'uiuberland,  where  he  became  a 
learned  jurist,  and  was  afterwards  elected  to  the 
judgeship  of  the  County  Court. 

"  The  Hamilton  Family.— William  Hamilton  died 
in  January,  17S2,  and  left  a  wife,  Jean,  and  the  follow- 
ing children  :  Hugh,  uhu  .lied  in  1810,  was  father  of 
John  Hamilton  ;  William,  who  moved  to  the  West  in 
1810,  where  he  died;  and  John,  son'of  Hugh  Hamil- 
ton, was  appointed  to  settle  his  estate.  The  thir.l  son 
was  John,  and  the  fourth  James  Hamilton,  who  was 
a  colonel  in  the  Revolution;  Robert,  who  was  the 
father  (if  John;  and  Ann,  who  married  James  Wal- 


i 


TIPPER   LEACOCK    TOWNSEIIF. 


lace;  Nancy,  the  seventh  iliild,  iiiarrifd  Tlioiuas 
Wade.  For  full  sketch  of  Oul.  James  Ilamiltui,,  ^fe 
'■  Appleton's  Encyclopedia." 

The  Owen  Family.— It  appears  that  among  those 
who  -oujiht  a  home  towards  the  closing  years  of  the  last 
century  in  what  is  Upper  Leacock  was  Benjamin  Owen, 
ot'Quakerde.sccnt.  Ilehought  land  north  oI'Monterey, 
and  near  a  large  spring  he  erected  a  house  and  barn, 
which  are  now  occupied  by  Daniel  Kolp.  Mr.  Owen's 
influence  was  felt  in  the  township  for  good,  for  he 
was  a  man  of  refined  taste  and  culture.  lie  served 
wliat  was  then  known  as  Leacock  township  as  justice 
of  the  peace  for  a  number  of  years;  afterwards  he 
represented  the  county  in  the  State  Legislature,  and 
died  in  178(!,  le.aving  three  children,  Ann,  Jonathan, 
and  Benjamin. 

John  <ilenn,  another  iiioneer  of  Leacock,  or  what 


Lea 


jk,  died  in  1740, 


Isabella,  and  four  children, — Thomas,  Jean,  Mary, 
and  John.  The  witnesses  to  his  last  will  and  testa- 
ment were  John  Beard,  iU.bert  Elliott,  and  Elizabeth 


oek 


.Mil 


John  LyciM  died  in  what  is  now  Upper 
174S,  and  left  a  wife,  Elizabeth,  and  three 
John,  Ann,  and  Thomas. 

John  Morgan,  another  of  tlie  early  resii 
township,  died  in  174S,  leaving'  a  brotlu- 
and  two  sisters,  Elizal)etli  and  Mary. 

James  Miller  died  in  tlii.  K.wn^liip  in  174:i,.!ea' 
a  wife,  Ruth,  and  six  chil.bvn.  One  of  the  dai 
ters  married  Thomas  :\Iillhouse,  another  Thi) 
Iliatt,  and  anotlier  maiiied  Isaac  Jackson,  who  1 
him  children, — Thomas,  James,  Katharine,  Will 
Isaac,  Nathaniel,  and  Elizabeth.  The  tburlli  dai 
ter  married  William  Jackscm,  of  Chester  County, 
and  the  fifth  daughter  mani.d  William  Fan|Uar, 
of  Chester  County.  The  only  son  of  Mr.  Miller 
named  .Tames. 
John  Stu 


left  a  widow 
George,  Zeh 
Stump.  Tli 
Stump  that 
Andrew  I 
I'eter    Ebv, 


g>,  who  d„ 
.  'Ar.._:..    /  < 


,d   si.x    eh 


.  Cli 


.M; 


Robert  Stewart  died  in  17:)4.  His  wife  was  A-ne-, 
daughter  of  Hugh  Thomps.m.  He  had  a  l.ruilur 
Charles,  then  in  Ireland,  and  a  brother  John  in  Lra- 
coek,  who  had  a  .-m.  William.  His  M-;tcr  Sarah 
marrieil  William  Snod,-ra->.  He  al.v.  had  our  >oii, 
Uubert. 

,  Stewart  llerbeit,  Sr.,  ilird  in  Novendier,  177S,  and 
left  live  childrrn,  Sirwail,  1  ).inirl,  ICIi/ahelli,  Mose.^, 
and  .lane.  Ili^  >iM,  ,•  ,Maij;aret  married  Trier  Drlls. 
Dec.  31,  177.^,  ninrly-tlnee  acres  of  the  Hcrlicrt  l.inn 
was  sold    to   .Iume>  Cleiiison,  of  Salisbury,  the  saim 


.Jean,  and  two  children,  George,  an  only  son,  and  one 
daughter,  Esther,  who  married  John  McCausland, 
and  b.ne  him  two  children,  Esther  and  Jane. 

John.Whitehill,  third  mhi  of  James  Whitehill,  of 
Salisbury,  died  in  January,  1779,  and  left  a  wife,  Mar- 
garet, and  tfiree  children,  Robert,  William,  and  Jolm 
Whitehill. 

William  Wallace  lUed  in  Leae.ick,  in  August,  1793, 
and  left  children,— Robert,  James,  Hannah,  married 
a  Mr.  Calhoon,  and  wa,^  the  mother  of  three  sons 
and  one  daughter;  .M.iry  uiarried  a  Mr.  Lennegan  ; 
JIargaret,  Josiah,  ^Villian],  and  Thomas. 

Matthew  McClung  died  in  lSU:i,  leaving  a  widow, 
Jlartha,  and  two  sons,  Matthew  and  Hugh.  Matthew, 
Jr.,  owned  one  hundred  acres  of  land,  and  was  the 
father  of  two  sons,  Charles  and  Hugh  (2d).  Hugh, 
son  of  Matthew,  Sr.,  was  also  a  farmer,  and  owned 
one  hundred  acres  of  land,  which  he  sold,  April  4, 
1814,  to  Jacob  France. 

George  Philip  Bard  died  in  1793,  leaving  a  wife,  Mar- 
garet, and  seven  children, — Michael,  John,  George, 
Jacob,  Elizabeth,  JMargaret,  and  Mary. 

Peter  Eby,  one  of  the  pioneers  of  this  township, 
died  in  1794,  and  left  eight  children,— Peter,  Samuel, 
Henry,  Andrew,  John,  David,  fliii-tian,  and  Anna, 
who  married  Abram  Wenger. 

Indians. — The  traditioinil  accounts  of  tile  Indians 
of  thi»  township  make  it  obvious  that  they  were  of 
a  peaceful  disposition.  There  are  no  records  of  any 
dillirulty  ;  but  that  the  Indians  had  been  here  is  evi- 
deiil  liom  the  fact  of  the  many  traces  which  can  he 
>-eea  ol  them  along  Smike  Hill.  Many  Indian  relics 
have  been  fi>nud'  Mich  as  arrow-heads,  war-clubs, 
tomahawk.,  etc.  On  .lacob  Stiiltzlus.s'  farm,  near 
(  Monterey,  is  a  place  pointed  out  as  having  once  been 
1  an  Indian  burying-ground.  A  son  of-M.  G.  Wenger 
has  in  his  cabinet  a  collection  of  Indian  relics  found 
upon  his   father's   firm    in    this   township.     In   early 

the  new  settleii'ienl-,  the  lieliaiis  frequently  visited 
the  houses  of  pettier,  lo  ..ell  l,a.>ket:,  and  hick.iry 
brooms,  but  a,  lime  pa^^ed  on  they  receded  and 
became  extinct  in  this  township. 

Pioneer  Road.— I'he  I'eter's  road,  wdiich  passes 
thiough  thi-<  section,  forming  the  boundary  line  of 
Earl  and  Uii|)er  Leacock,  is  the  most  ancient  high- 
way in  the  county  UmmI  l.y  the  early  phineers.  This 
road    was   >o   named    l,v    rea-un  ot'  an    Imlian    trader. 


I'eter.,  who  uai^oned    hi,    wa\ 

from    Philadelphia   to 

l'itt-liur^:;h  and   points  intervt 

ning  to  trade  with  the 

Indian.,      .\earlv  all  llii.n.ad 

in  the  county  has  been 

vacated,  e.\ce|it  that  uliieh    le 

ids  from  the  New  Hol- 

land  turnpike  sonthwi-l  to  a 

,oint  on  theohlPhila- 

delphia  road,  near  the  While 

llorse. 

Residents  in  1843.     1  lu  li 

-t  a.s.-'s.njeiit  of  Ujiper 

Leacock  township  was  made 

HI    the   tall    of  1S43   by 

Isaac  Hoover.     The  asse-.m. 

III    t>l'  that    year  shows 

that    the    following  named    p.. 

r.on.    were    freeholders 

HISTORY 


OF   LAxNCASTER    COUNTY. 


John  Busliiing. 
Epliniiin  Bare. 
Kiuzer  Bender. 

Sarah  Beitder. 
Jiicub  Brady. 
Susanna  Bei.dei 
Jolin  Bard. 


Daniel  Bitzcr. 
John  Bard,  Sr. 
Adam  Bare,  Es<i. 
George  Bald. 
Slar.v  Bare. 
Isaac  Bessler. 
Jacob  Brubaker. 
Abraham  Buckwalter. 
David  Bnck«/lltor, 
Christian  Buckwalter. 
George  Bair. 
John  Barton. 
Joseph  Buckwalter. 
Moore  Connell. 
George  Carulhors. 
Klizabeth  Cunninghan 


Ma 


Robert  Connell. 
Nancy  Carpenter. 
JanK'B  Cooper. 
Henry  Caffrey. 
Thomas  Evans, — 
Abraham  Eby. 
Jonas  Eljy.        •• 
S.MiMifl  Kby. 
John  El.y,  Jr. 
Jacob  Eliy. 
Joiin  Eshleman. 
Christian  Ebersole. 
Mary  Kpley. 
Philip  Fasuacht. 
Chnsljan  Franhauser 
John  Grabill,Sr. 
Abraham  Cibbons. 
Abraham  Cil.bons.Jr, 
Christmn  Gral.lU. 
Catharine  i:ioninger. 
Barbara  Good. 

Homy  Guod. 

John  Grahatn. 
Daniel  Gruff. 
Daiiiul  Gibbons. 

George  Gn.ll. 


1  Johr 


Midi 


Join 


Jacob  Jtla,=, 
Jiic-.bJnhns, 

liLMlllCIl  U,  Jo 

Chri»ti.,n  Kui 
Jacob  Kurtz. 
Elizabetli  K,ii 
Daniel  Kache 


il.-niy  Uesli. 
Benjamin  Kesh. 
John  Rohrer. 
Rudolph  Kudy. 
John  Raub. 
Samuel  Rouk. 
William  Rogers. 
-I»aiali  Sluiell.r. 
falhariuo  Seidle. 


John  Slultzfus, 


Jiiui.^i;  \\c-i,-,i. 
Township  Officers. - 


riie  ibllouing  li;ive  been  the 
ince  its  orcaiiiz;ition  : 


JU.STiCES   OF   THE   PEACE, 


1844.  Wil 


1  \\\- 


1849.  William  Weidn 
185U.  Isaac  Buahoug. 
1854.  William  Weidu 
IS.'.S.  Isaac  Bushong. 
1839.  William  Weidn 
ISOU.  Isaac  Bushong. 
18134.  Williulu  Weidn 


I    1846.  Lewis  : 
Chris.i 

1846.  Lewis 

'  Chl-isli 

1847.  Jacob  I 

^'"■' 

1    1S48.  John  J 


1874.  Wi 


Weidn 


n,  1875.  Isa.ic  Bushong. 

1879.  li   H.  Myer. 
u.  ]8-,0.  n.  L.  Batten. 

Isaac  Bushong. 
n.  1882.  V.  G.  Ilarpel. 

ROAD    SUPERVISORS. 
—  I  1801.  Peter  Kellenberger. 


1850. 


1851.  Joseph  Iliiffanl. 
S.S.R  utter. 

1852.  Peter  StauflVr. 
Henry  Krieder. 

1863.  Peter  Kelh-Bbergf 
Henry  Kreider. 

1854.  Joseph  Markk-y. 
J,»epl,  Eby. 

1865.  DillerBare. 
Itaniel  Bitzer. 

1856.  I.  L.  Bard. 
Samuel  Slultzfus. 

1857.  Samuel  Stnltzfus. 
R.  B.  John. 

1858-69.  Jacob  Kurtz. 


W 

lian 

Lyile. 

1^65 

W 

lian 

l.ytle. 

Is, 

acli 

rd. 

8iil 

W 

liam 

l.ytle. 

Jo 

n  r 

du-l. 

81)7 

.  Jo 

n  R 

nno. 

Joseph 

larsh. 

803 

-09. 

Will 

am  LytlB. 

Is. 

acHi 

rd.- 

871 

Al 

■aha 

1  Knchel. 

Wi 

liau 

Lytle. 

871 

Le 

visS 

leaffer. 

I  Stu 


1800. 


1844.  C.  R.  I.Kudis. 

1845.  Benjamin  U.ihrer 

1846.  John  Ilnl.i-r. 

1847.  Isaac  Hn^houg. 

1848.  Israel  Johns. 

1849.  I.  F.Sheibley. 

1850.  John  Johns. 

1851.  Henry  Eby. 

1852.  David  Landia. 

18.53.  Abnihaiu  Slieible; 

18.54.  Beiijauiin  Uohrer 


1877-81.  L.  .S.  Blair. 

J.  N.  Rudy. 
18S2.  Harvey  Lytle. 

J.  N.  Rudy. 
188:l.  Samuel  Bushong. 

J.  N.  Rudy. 


1803.  U.  B.  Landii 
1804  Jacob  liuvli 
18I-.5.  S.  G.  GiolT. 
1800.  J.  S.  Eby. 

1807.  R.  J.  Rullei 

1808.  John  Gral.il 

1809.  J.  S.  Eby. 

1870.  Jac.b  Kurtz 

1871.  JoT]n  Gr.il.il 

1872.  J.  8.  Eby. 

1873.  Reulieii  Kac 


1874.  Ill- 


UPPER   LE ACOCK   TOWNSHIP. 


1S77.  J.  S.  Eby. 
1878.  iIe„lT  Ehy. 

ISSI.  Al.ralu.ni  Sli.-il.ley. 
1S82.  M,iilinSI..-;.ff^i-. 

1879.  J"lm  liuckwalter. 

1SS3.  SmIoii.ou  Qn.ir  (tlir 

1S60.  I.fvi  Bard. 

Juli]iZc-II.TS(t»o.N 

1843.  Isaac  Hoover. 

ASSESSORS. 

—    l.s,',;l.  N,  F.  Shtaffor. 

I   1S50.  J.  B.  liuir. 

•  1S,')7-5'J.  N.  F.  ShealTur. 

j  iaci(i.  Waahiijgtoii  Potter. 

18U1-M.  N.  F.  Shoaller. 

1805.  Jacob  Becker. 

1  ISOr..  Le\vi3  Sheaffer. 

18C7.  J.  S.  El.y. 


•      I 


JollM  >U.s.-.er. 

1874-79.  Jacob  Moriow. 

1851.  larael  Jolina. 

"~ 

1880-82.  N.  F.  Sbealler. 

1852.  J.U.  Steinli.ser. 

I8SJ.  Jacob  tlorrow. 

TOWNSHIP   CLKRKS. 

1S4HS    Kiiiui,o.-l  Swop.'. 

l.-'ils.  S^.iMuel  Groff. 

1-4.1-5.;    riiMl,.ri.;k  .swojie 

181,9    Sa.nuel  Martiu. 

U:.L  .11    (.    \V,-h-.i. 

1.S7U-72.  David  Martin. 

It5,i.  J,M    Sw.u.. 

1873.  G.  B.  Swope. 

1S56.  Jacob  V,u„lcl«aal. 



1874.  7..  I..Sliealler. 

I857-5'J.  J.  M.  JIcQ.iavd. 

1875-77.  C.  D.  Bucltivalter 

1800.  S.  li.  Myer. 

1878.  0.  (i.  Wenger. 

1861-GJ.  J.  M.  McQuaid. 

1679-80.  C   D.  Biickwalter 

1803.  En.uuuel  Swoi.e. 

1881-82.  ll.G.Uenger. 

1804.  L.  a.  Komper. 

1883.  J.M.Denlinger. 

1805-67.  11.  G.  llitsiiiger. 

CONST 

ABLES. 

1857.  Jolin  Murvine. 

1808-C9.  I.  R.  Mearig. 

1858-59.  Uriah  M.rnimn. 

1S7U.  B.  F    linibaker. 

lSW-02.  Hiifli  Moulsomory. 

l,s71-74.  I.  K.  Miarig. 

1803.  Leonard  Curley. 

1875-77.  J. dm  Stokes. 

1804-05.  J.  B.  Snyder. 

1878.  B.  11.  Myer. 

ISiiO.  Isaac  Moarig. 

1.ST9-S2.  JoliU  Stokes. 

1S07.  Jacob  Givl^r. 

18S3.  George  Dewley. 

JL'DiiES   AND 

INSPEC 

TORS   OF   ELECTIONS. 

1844.  Adam  liaie. 

1S55.  Abralian.  G.  Groff. 

lii-ulieo  Weidler. 

B.  T.  Holl. 

Kiu/«  llrn.kT. 

J.  B.  Ki.tter. 

1S15,  Jo.-,i-|.|,  \V.-„K.T. 

1850.  J.  W.  Biickwalter. 

Kii./cr  ISenilcr. 

^rark  Connell. 

Kcben  WciJler. 

George  Good. 

1-46.  JoM-ijb  \Wngcr. 
I.'.  K.  Lan.lis. 

1857.  laaac  Uutliong. 

G.  G.  Woret. 

Mark  Conncll. 

1358.  C.  It,  Lalidia. 

1S47.  C.  li.  Landia. 

Jacob  Kolp. 

Mark  Coni.ell. 

Sa.nmd  liushong. 

850.  Jobri  Bard. 

— -  Lewi^  Slieaffer. 
Cyrus  Miller. 

851.  C.  It.  LanJis. 


1802.  J.  \V.  Buckw 


1.875. 


H 


Daniel  \V 

1876.  N.  F.  She 
LoviSowt 
Charles  L 

1877.  N.  F.  She 


1871 

Adam  Bare. 

Levi  Sowers. 

G.  K.Me.iri.i;. 

1872 

Jacob  Bcker. 

William  Kc.m 

J.  S.  Sheaffel'. 

~1S73 

N.  F.  Sh.-.ifler. 

Orabill  Killi.ii 

Samuel  Bu,ho 

1874 

J.  A.  Sollenbe 

S,  M.  Good. 

James  Bare. 

1875 

N.  F.  Shealler. 

1880 

J.  A 

Sollonberger 

Fmi 

k  Weidler. 

Lev 

Sowers. 

1881 

J.  A 

SoUenberger. 

Lev 

Sowers. 

Mar 

k  Connell. 

1882 

J.  A 

SoUenberger. 

Ellwood  Brown. 

Fra 

k  Weidler. 

1883 

A.l 

.  Kacl.cl. 

General  Industries,  Mills,  Stores,  etc. —The 
w;Uei--i)Ower  of  .Mill  Crc-ok  was  ulilizcil  bet'iiro  the 
Eevolution  to  operate  .small  grist-inills.  The  first 
mill  along  this  stream  was  built  by  Jacob  Becker. 
It  was  a  stone,  one-story  structure,  erected  on  the 
New|)ort  road.  About  the  year  1700-65,  Benja- 
min Longnecker  bought  this  property,  which  after- 
wards passed  into  tiie  hamls  of  his  son,  who  erected 
the  pioneer  saw-mill  on  this  stream.  Marcus  Groff, 
a  son  of  Hans  (iioli,  liL-rame  the  owner  of  this  mill, 
and  from  him  it  pa.-5M.-d  lu  hia  sun  Marks,  who  erected 
the  large  stone  mansion  on  the  hill  opposite  the 
store  (Grotf's)  about  1790.  Of  late  this  house  has 
been  remodeled,  and  is  now  as  comfortable  and  at- 
tractive a  residence  as  any  in  that  part  of  the  township. 

Grolf's  store  and  mill  have  been  operated  together 
for  more  than  half  a  century,  the  estate  being  held  by 
Daniel  Groff.  IiUSlo  the  stone  house  lor  the  first 
time  was  occupied  as  a  store  by  Jlr.  Sharp,  followed  by 
Isaac  Becker  in  1817,  who  occupied  it  for  four  years, 
when  Samuel  G.  Grolf,  a  brotlita-  of  Daniel  Grotf, 
rented  the  store.  Daniel  Groff  was  at  that  time  the 
miller,  and  erected  the  large  brick  building  on  the 
top  of  the  hill  which  is  the  present  store.  Samuel 
G.  Groff  removed  his  stock  into  the  new  store,  and 
was  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  until  1854, 
when  he  commenced  farming.  Samuel  Grolf,  Dan- 
iel's son,  then  carried  on  the  store  business  until 
1870,  wlien  0.  B.  Uuckwalter  became  the  proprietor, 
and  was  succeeded  by  Jacob  Denlinger  in  1880. 
Through  the  intiuence  of  the  Grotfs,  "  Groff's  Store" 
post-oflice  was  established,  in  or  about  the  year  1827, 
with  Samuel  G.  Groff  as  the  first  postmaster.  The 
post-ollice  was  kept  in  the  store  building  until  1881, 
when  the  citizens  of  Monterey  presented  a  jjetition  to 
the  Post-Ollice  Department,  and  caused  the  removal 
of  the  office  lo  IlersheyV  store,  .Afoiiteiey,  with  Ben- 
jamin  ller.-heyas   p.,sliHa>ter,  but  still   the  .;lliee  re- 


930 


HISTORY    OP   LANCASTER    COUNTY. 


tains  its  original  name.  Tlie  mill  during  the  mean- 
time luid  changed  hands,  and  was  known  for  a  time 
as  Ebersole's  &  Newhauser's  mill,  until  William  Ress- 
ler,  about  1SG5,  purchased  the  mill  proi.eity,  and  re- 
paired the  mill  and  improv.-d  the  appeanmce  of  its 
surroundings. 

Stauffer's  Mill,  located  in  the  southwestern  cor- 
ner of  the  township  and  along  I\Iill  Creek,  was  erected 
in  1SU2  by  Christian  StaulVer.  Cliristian  Staufler  died 
in  1835,  when  liis  son,  John,  engaged  in  the  milling 
business,  and  was  succeeded  by  others  until  1870, 
when  John  Buckwalter  bought  the  property,  and  has 
operated  the  mill  since  that  time.  Tlie  mill  has  been 
improved  and  enlarged,  and  besides  the  water-power 
afforded  bj'  Mill  Creek,  a  large  steam-engine  has  been 
placed  in  tlie  mill.  The  saw-mill  of  this  place  was 
erected  about  the  same  time  as  the  grist-mill,  and  has 
gone  to  decay. 

The  Mill  Creek  Woolen-Factory  was  established 
in  1810  by  Peter  Landi-;.  I'cter  was  a  carder,  and, 
wishing  to  utilize  home  industry,  built  a  small  build- 
ing near  the  Stumptown  road,  along  Mill  Creek,  and 
put  in  acarding machine.  A  few  years  later  a  dyeing- 
house  was  added  to  the  carding-mill.  In  1841,  David 
Landis,  a  son  of  Peter  Landis,  who  had  learned  the 
carding  trade  and  that  of  a  fuller,  bought  the  mill  of 
his  father.  In  1852,  Mr.  Landis,  wishing  to  enter 
upon  tlic  business  on  a  more  extensive  scale,  re- 
moved tlie  old  mill  and  erected  a  large  woolen-fac- 
tory and  put  in  new  machinery,  and  employs  quite  a 
number  of  hands.  In  1854,  Mr.  Campbell  became  a 
part  owner  with  Jlr.  Landis,  and  in  18(30  this  firm 
sold  the  factory  to  Amos  Rudy.  After  being  oper- 
ated by  him,  and  under  his  management,  for  several 
years,  it  was  sold  by  the  sheriti'  in  1870,  and  bought 
by  Peter  Bulfenmyer,  wdio  is  still  the  owner.  Since 
then,  1870,  the  machinery  has  been  idle,  much  of  the 
wood-work  is  decayed,  and  only  traces  of  the  mill- 


lam  can   bc^een.     Th 


eseiits  a  deserted 


appearance. 

The  Conestoga  Rifle-Boring  Mill  was  founded  in 
1S4G  by  Henry  E.  Lcamon.  This  mill  was  located  on 
the  Conestoga  Creek,  near  a  place  formerly  called 
Pinetown  (in  reality  no  town).  All  the  machinery 
was  propelled  by  water-power.  The  boring  appa- 
ratus of  this  mill  was  of  immense  weight,  and  thou- 
sands of  rifle-barrels  have  been  bored  at  this  place. 

In  18G5,  Mr.  Leamon  removed  his  machinery  and 
boring  apparatus  to  Lancaster  City,  where  Henry  E. 
Ijcainon,  Jr.,  is  now  carrying  on  a  successful  business. 
The  old  establishment  was  sold  to  Leamon  Shirk. 
The  walls  of  the  building  are  going  to  decay,  and  the 
mill-dam  has  been  wrecked  by  floods.  Several  years 
ago  a  company  commenced  to  remodel  the  mill,  in 
order  to  convert  it  into  a  powder-mill  ;  but,  owing  to 
home  difliculty,  the  work  was  abamioned  and  since 
that  time  the  mill  has  been  vacant. 

Near  Muiitercy,  an,l-on  hui.l  now  occuj-ied  by  John 
Plank,    D.micl    Asneiisliade     established     a     tannery 


about  18(»0,  and  was  engaged  in  the  business  until 
1810,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Jlr.  Boyd.  Subse- 
quently the  tannery  [lassed  into  the  hands  of  Sent- 
myer,  who  sold  it  to  John  Myer  in  1830,  who  im- 
proved the  properly  and  continued  the  business  nntil 
1838,  when*  he  sold  out  and  went  to  Illinois. 

Pioneer  Distilling.— The  leading  business  occu- 
pation of  the  farmers  of  this  township  in  the  latter 
part  of  the  last  and  the  beginning  of  the  jireseiit 
century  was  the  <listilling  of  sjiirits.  The  agricul- 
tural products  were  mainly  wheat,  corn,  and  rye,  and 
as  there  was  a  great  excess  of  product  over  the  con- 
sumption of  the  cereals,  and  no  way  by  which  this 
excess  of  grain  could  be  conveniently  transported  to 
market,  there  was  a  demand  for  distilling.  Many  of 
the  distilleries  required  three  or  four  teams  to  haul 
their  distilled  spirits  to  Philadelphia,  or  elsewhere. 
It  is  said  tliat  the  best  of  distilled  spirits  were  retailed 
at  the  still-houses  as  low  as  eighty-five  cents  per  gal- 
I  Ion.  The  following  persons  were  the  proprietors  of 
distilleries  during  and  jirior  to  1810:  George  Rolland, 
on  a  farm  now  held  by  Joseph  Bieler;  George  Ben- 
der, on  Kinzer  Bender's  farm ;  John  Hershey,  on 
Jacob  Stultzfus'  farm  ;  Peter  Myer,  on  a  farm  lately 
purchased  by  Henry  Stultzfus ;  Abraham  Petersheine, 
near  Groff's  store;  and  Peter  Wenger,  on  Andrew 
Miller's  farm.  In  1850  none  of  these  still-houses 
were  in  operation,  and  at  |)resent  there  is  no  vestige 
remaining  to  show  that  they  had  once  an  existence. 
Michael  Rolland,  John  Rhoads,  Frederick  Swope, 
and  Amos  Weidler  were  the  innkeepers  of  1843. 

Mechanicsburg:  is  situated  in  the  central  part  of 
Upper  Leacock  township.  It  consists  of  about  sixty 
houses  along  the  New  Holland  turnpike.  This  town 
was  never  regularly  laid  out.  The  first  house  was 
once  occupied  as  the  residence  of  Rev.  Samuel  Trum- 
bauer,  and  was  originally  dedicated  as  a  cake-,  candy-, 
and  drug-shop.  Nicholas  Nassiuger  was  also  a  pio- 
neer inhabitant  of  tjie  town.  The  small  brick  liou>e 
wdiich  he  built  about  ninety  years  ago,  and  in  which 
he  carried  on  tailoring  for  a  long  time,  is  still  stand- 
ing, and  is  easily  pointed  out  by  the  villagers. 

The  hotel  building  was  erected  about  1788,  and 
first  licensed  in  1823  by  Isaac  Rudy.  This  property 
is  now  known  as  the  "Mechanicsburg  Hotel,"  and  is 
kept  by  John  Beck.  In  the  eastern  part  of  the  town 
is  the  "Spread  Eagle  Hotel,"  erected  by  Samml 
Garber  as  a  private  residence  in  1800.  It  was  lir-t 
opened  for  the  public  by  Mr.  Temple,  and  is  at  pres- 
ent owned  and  managed  by  Michael  Dissinger.  At 
this  place  the  general  election  for  the  township  is 
held,  and  the  school  board  also  meet  here  to  transact 
their  business.  An  addition  was  made  to  this  build- 
ing in  1830  by  Freilerick  Swope,  who  opened  a  gro- 
cery-store,  am!   wa>   -urcecdod   in   trade  by   Martin, 


.lacob  IIoll  opened 
l.urg     Hotel,    where 


UPl'KR    LKA.COCK   TOWNSHIP. 


931 


iiKiiiied  for  eighteen  years.  The  next  in  trade  was 
KiiKuiuel  Swope,  wlio  continued  in  the  mercantile 
business  until  1872,  when  G.  G.  Wenger,  tlie  present 
merchant,  became  a  dealer  in  dry  goods  and  groceries 
at  this  stand.  I^eacock  post-ollice  has  been  at  this 
place  of  business  ever  since  this  store  was  established. 

More  recently  George  I3ard  opened  an  aL'riiultnral 
implement  store,  and  is  carrying  on  an  i\lcu>ivr 
business.  Harry  Weidler,  an  old  resident  who  is  now 
eighty-three  years  old,  had  been  for  many  years  black- 
smith. A.  Holland  and  B.  Rohrer,  in  1881,  erected  a 
large  tobacco  warehouse  in  IMechanicsburg. 

V.  Andes  &  Son's  Agricultural  Implement 
Works  and  Foundry  are  the  largest  manufacturing 
establishment  in  Upper  Leaoock,  and  are  located  in 
Jlechanicsburg.  In  1849,  Peter  Vandersaal,  a  ma- 
cliiniit,  erected  a  shop,  twenty-five  by  thirty  feet,  in 
which  he  made  agricultural  implements.  It  was  at 
this  time  that  Mechanicsburg  got  its  name,  on  account 
(if  the  mechanics  this  trade  drew  to  the  place.  In 
1851,  Valentine  Andes,  wlio  came  from  Germany 
about  1838  with  little  means  but  much  genius  and 
mechanical  ingenuity,  purchased  this  place  of  busi- 
ness for  two  thousand  dollars.  He  had  in  his  employ 
four  hands  at  first,  but  the  business  has  grown  to  such 
a  magnitude  that  the  main  building  is  four  times  as 
large  as  the  original  one,  and  the  large  foundry,  ware- 
house, and  other  adjacent  buildings  have  been  added. 
Twenty  men  are  kept  constantly  at  work  in  these 
shops.  Some  years  as  many  as  fifty  horse-powers  and 
sixteen  threshing-machines  are  built  here.  The  firm 
is  now  composed  of  the  father  and  two  sons,  and  is 
well  known  over  the  county.  The  threshing-machine 
with  double  wind-mill  was  invented  in  this  shop,  and 
jiatentod  by  the  firm. 

The  Mechanicsburg  Pottery,  situated  on  a  trian- 


aid  the  N 


ewpi 


gle  formed  by  th, 
erected  by  Frederick  Swope,  and  pottery  business 
continued  byjiim  until  1850,  when  his  son  Henry 
took  charge  or  the  establishment.  An  additional 
kiln  has  been  added,  and  the  main  building,  two 
stiiries  high,  has  been  greatly  enlarged. 

Physicians. — The  first  physician  of  Mechanicsburg 
was  Dr.  Isaac  Weidler,  who  was  born  in  York  County, 
Pa.,  and  graduated  at  Jett'erson  University  in  1825, 
when  that  institution  was  in  its  infancy.  He  practiced 
for  fifty  years.  Dr.  Carpenter,  a  sou  of  Dr.  Isaac 
Weidler,  is  a  native  of  Upper  Leacock,  and  gradu- 
ated at  Jefferson  iledical  College  in  1850.  He  com- 
menced the  practice  of  medicine  the  same  year  in 
.Mechanicsburg,  and  is  still  in  practice  at  that  place. 

Bareville  is  a  village  one  mile  and  a  half  east  of 
Mechanicsburg,  beautifully  situated  on  a  water-shed 
between  the  Conestoga  and  Mill  Creek.  It  consists 
of  about  flirty  dwelliirg.s,  nearly  all  of  which  were 
built  during  the  last  two  decades.  The  place  is 
named  after  the  first  settlers,  Andrew  and  Martin 
liare.  Andrew  I'.arc  was  tlie  father  of  Adam  Pare,  who 
was  elccte.l   sheriff  in    1830,  and  who  died  in   18S0, 


lety-thr 


e  years  of  age.  Andrew  built  the  hotel, 
which  was  the  only  house  in  Bareville  until  1808, 
when  John  Mary,  Jr.,  ei-ected  the  large  brick  house 
now  occupied  hy  F.  G.  Ilarpel,  Esti.  The  architect 
of  this  building  was  Christian  \Venger,  the  grand- 
father of  Difler  D.  Wenger. 

The  hotel  was  first  licensed  by  Adam  Bare,  who 
had  kept  a  store  there  jireviously.  Mr.  Over- 
holtzer  was  the  next  in  the  mercantile  busines.s,  and 
opened  a  store  in  the  large  brick  dwelling,  and 
later  built  the  present  store-house,  and  was  succeeded 
by  Jacob  Swarr.  In  1855  the  merchant  was  S.  R. 
Myer.  In  1870  a  ])artnership  was  formed  by  John 
Kreamer,  Harvey  Rifts,  and  later  by  Harvey  Rei- 
denback,  associating  themselves  with  S.  R.  Jlyer. 
The  firm  was  then  known  as  S.  R.  Jlyer  &  Co.  In 
1876  the  senior  member  of  the  firm  died,  and  a 
change  was  made.  The  widow  of  S.  R.  Jlyer,  with 
J.  D.  Buckwalter  as  manager,  continued  the  business 
until  1883,  when  another  change  in  the  firm-name 
was  made. 

The  palatial  residence  of  Solomon  C.  Groff  was 
erected  under  the  supervision  of  tieorge  Kellenberger 
in  1881.  Also  in  the  summer  of  the  same  year  S.  C. 
Grotr&  Son  built  their  large  tobacco  warehouse,  and 
are  now  (1883)  engaged  in  the  tobacco  business. 
Moses  Hurst  is  the  blacksmith,  while  Levi  Dunwoody 
for  many  years  has  been  the  village  tailor. 

Bareville  Physicians.— Dr.  A. 


S.   Ba 


was   the 

first  physician  of  Bareville,  and  died  July  1,  1883. 
The  following  is  a  brief  sketch  of  his  life  :  The  doctor 
was  born.  Nov.  17,  1819,  making  him  sixty-three 
years,  seven  months,  and  fourteen  days  old  at  the 
time  of  his  death.  He  commenced  reading  medicine 
with  Dr.  Atlee,  of  Lancaster,  in  1841,  and  three  years 
after  that  date  graduated  from  Jetfersou  Medical  Col- 
lege. The  first  four  years  of  his  practice  was  in  the 
Lancaster  County  Hospital  and  Almshouse.  He  then 
married  the  only  daughter  of  James  Vogan,  of  Vo- 
ganville,  and  moved  to  Bareville,  where  he  established 
himself,  and  practiced  medicine  for  nineteen  succes- 
sive years  with  great  success  and  unabated  interest. 
He  at  once  received  the  confidence  of  the  community 
at  large  by  his  strict  fidelity  to  his  profession,  and 
was  immediately  recognized  as  a  prominent  jjliysi- 
cian  of  the  county.  In  1850  he  received  a  nervous 
paralytic  stroke  which  greatly  impaired  his  usefulness. 
Finally,  refilizing  that  he  could  not  do  justice  to  his 
Ijrofessiou  without  excessive  labor,  he  retired  from 
practice  in  18G3,  aiul  removed  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
where  he  was  engaged  in  the  wholesale  commission 
business  for  four  years.  In  18G7  he  returned  to  Bare- 
ville, and  there  remained  until  his  death. 

Dr.  J.  W-infield  tio..,!,  ..f  Cliester  Counly,  also  a 
graduate  of  Jelfersoii  I  invirsity,  rouniKUccd  the 
practice  of  medicine  in  liareville  in  1S74. 

William  Weidman,  a   bachelor,  wliu 
land    surveyor   and    conveyancer,    had    his    olUc. 
Bareville   from   18iO  until    ISSO,  when   he  died. 


noted 


'J32 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


said  of  him  that  he  surveyed  every  foot  of  land 
in  the  township.  F.  G.  Ilarpel,  who  had  been  for 
many  years  an  apjirentice  of  Jlr.  Weidman,  is  now 
liis  successor,  and  received  the  instruments  used  by 
the  old  surveyor. 

The  Bareville  Trustee  Association.— This  or- 
ganization-dates back  to  182.3,  when  Adam  Bare,  Wil- 
liam Carpenter,  Abraliam  Gerhart,  John  Deblin, 
_William  Michael,  Martin  Bare,  Isaac  Myer,  and 
David  Overholtzer  met  in  an  old  schoobhouse,  in 
what  is  now  Bareville,  and  organized  a  debating  so- 
ciety, Adam  Bare  being  the  projector  of  the  society. 
He  was  a  man  of  more  than  ordinary  intelligence, 
holding  during  his  lifetime  important  political  posi- 
tions in  the  county,  at  one  time  being  sherift".  This 
society  has  been  in  session  every  year  until  the  pres- 
ent time,  except  two  years  during  the  late  Rebellion. 
In  1849,  in  order  to  preserve  this  organization,  and  to 
shield  themselves  against  the  anti-society  sentiment 
of  the  town,  the  society,  by  the  suggestion  of  Dr.  A. 
S.  Bare,  applied  to  the  State  Legislature  for  a  charter, 
and  the  society  was  incorporated  and  known  as  the 
"  Bareville  Trustee  Association."  Tlie  school-house 
has  been  rebuilt  by  the  directors  of  the  township  and 
used  for  school  purposes,  but  the  trustees,  who  are 
elected  on  the  third  Saturday  of  May  annually,  still 
hold  their  chartered  rights  by  granting  the  house  for 
all  educational  and  religious  purposes  wdiich  have  a 
tendency  to  promote  the  general  welfare  of  Bareville. 
The  original  members  of  the  corporation  were  Dr.  A. 
S.  Bare,  George  Brubaker,  John  Raff,  J.  S.  Miller, 
JI.  G.  Wenger,  Michael  Wenger.  The  present  trus- 
tees are  H.  L.  Batten,  JIartin  Sheaffer,  and  Jacob 
Eby.  The  original  orgahization  is  still  maintained 
and  fostered  by  the  trustee  association,  which  is  now 
known  as  the  "Bareville  Literary  Society."  This 
society  has  probably  done  more  to  shape  and  mould 
the  character  of  many  young  men  in  this  vicinity 
than  any  other  influence.  At  first,  the  ladies  of  Bare- 
ville were  not  recognized  by  the  society,  but  were  after- 
wards admitted,  and  are  now  among  the  most  active 
members.  Hon.  C.  Hunsecker,  Andrew  Frantz,  Esq., 
ex-County  Superintendent  Evans,  Dr.  Gibbons,  Rev. 
D.  W.  Gerliart,  and  Dr.  Moore,  have  at  different 
times  participated  in  the  lyceum  exercises. 

Monterey  is  a  small  hamlet  on  the  Newport  road, 
of  about  ninety  inhabitants.  Its  name  is  of  peculiar 
origin.  When  George  Heller  kept  the  hotel  at  this 
place  during  the  INIexiean  war,  great  excitement  was 
created  when  Col.  Worth  stormed  the  fort  of  Mon- 
terey, Mexico.  Mr.  Heller,  then  traveling  in  the 
western  i)art  of  the  State,  was  asked  where  he  was 
from.  "  From  Monterey,"  he  replied.  He  related 
tlTn  iiicident  when  he  returned,  and  the  inhabitants 
at  once  adopted  the  name  as  that  of  their  town.  In 
1850,  George  Murr  erected  the  present  hotel  build- 
ing which  is  occupied  by  Adam  Gehrnan.  I!.  T. 
Seldomridge  has  been' for  many  years  the  saddler  and 
harness-maker  in  this  place  ;  Peter  Sowers,  cariieu- 


ter;  and  Henry  Murr,  blacksmith.  The  first  store 
that  was  opened  in  Monterey  was  known  as  "Ander- 
son's." Of  late  A.  Hershey  &  Bro.,  of  Gordonville, 
have  erected  a  large  store  building,  and  established  a 
branch  of  their  business  in  Monterey,  under  tlie 
management  of  Benjamin  Ilershey. 

The  Monterey  Coach-Works  were  established  by 
David  Overley  in  1877.  At  first  there  was  but  a 
small  shop  here,  but  as  the  business  increased  addi- 
tions have  been  made,  until  now  the  shops  cover 
quite  an  area.     Monterey  has  a  daily  mail. 

The  Common  Schools.— There  was  no  special  effort 
made  to  put  the  common-school  system  in  operation 
until  1847.  In  that  year  a  board  of  directors  was 
elected,  whose  object  it  was  to  put  in  force  the  new 
system.  The  new  board  met  in  Mechaniesburg,  levied 
a  tax  on  the  taxable  property  and  inhabitants,  and 
appointed  a  collector,  who  failed  to  collect  any  of  the 
tax,  the  sentiment  of  the  township  being  against  the 
system.  In  the  following  year  another  effort  was 
made,  but  with  a  similar  result.  The  members  of 
this  board  resigned,  and  the  court  appointed  a  new 
board,  who  again  levied  the  tax,  which  aroused  the 
indignation  of  the  anti-schoolmen  to  such  a  degree 
that  they  positively  refused  to  pay  the  tax,  and  they 
became  very  hostile  towards  the  measure.  The  mat- 
ter was  taken  to  the  Lancaster  Court,  and  thence  to 
the  Supreme  Court,  where  it  was  decided  that  in  the 
spring  of  1849  a  new  board  should*  be  elected  by  the 
people  of  the  district.    This  board  performed  the  first 


effectual  educational  work  in  the  towns! 


It  ora; 


ized,  laid,  and  collected  the  tax,  made  the  appoint- 
ment of  teachers  in  July,  and  had  the  schools  during 
that  year  in  successful  oiieration  for  six  months.  The 
members  of  this  board  were  M.  G.  Wenger,  John 
Bard,  Reuben  Weidler,  Benjamin  Rohrer,  Samuel 
Seldomridge,  and  Wilson  Brubaker. 

From  this  time  forward  steady  progress  has  been 
made.  The  salary  of  the  teachers  at  the  adoption  of 
tiie  system  was  twenty  dollars  a  month,  but  gradually, 
as  the  prejudice  was  removed,  the  term,  in  1868,  was 
increased  to  eight  mouths,  while  the  teachers'  salaries 
ranged  from  thirty-five  to  forty  dollars  per  month. 
All  the  old  log  buildings  have  been  replaced  with 
brick  or  frame  structures.  Neat  patented  furniture 
is  found  in  nearly  all  the  school-rooms. 

At  a  session  of  the  school  board,  convened  at  G. 
Wenger's  hotel,  Sept.  21,  18(i7,  a  resolution  was  unan- 
imously adopted  that  the  township  hereafter  furnish 
tlie  text-books  for  the  several  scholars  of  the  schools 
of  Upper  Leacock.  This  act,  at  first,  -was  very  un- 
popular, but  slowly  grew  in  favor.  The  result  of  this 
action  in  the  schools  was  that  it  secured  classification, 
and  that  all  children  had  the  necessary  books. 

There  are  twelve  schools  in  the  townshii),  including 
the  Bareville  Secondary  and  Primary  Scliools.  For 
the  year  ending  June  1,  1803,  there  was  levied  a  tax 
of  82793.79,  and  the  average  attendance  for  tlie  same 
year  was  374.     The  cost  of  instructing  each  puiiil  was 


UPPER  LEACOCK   TOWNSHIP. 


ninety-nine  cents  per  month.     There  was  levied  a  tax  I 
of  >:'iG.38.0S  Cor  the  year  ending  June  1,  ISSS,  wliilc 
tlie  average  attendance  was  45G,  making  the  in.'itruc- 
tion  of  one  scholar  cost  S"1.S1  a  nmntii. 

time  the  school-houses  were  Imilt  :    ML-chaincsbiirg, 
in  1850,  and  rebuilt  in  1881 ;  Mill  Creek,  in  1850,  and  I 
rebuilt  in  1SS2;  Bard's,  in  1853;  Stormstown,  in  1853; 
liareville    Primary,  in   1S54;    Stumptown,    in    1858; 
Jiareville  Secondary,  in  1859;  Locust  Grove,  in  18G0;  \ 
Gibbon's,  iu   1862;    Musser's  and   Myers',  in   1SG3;  ! 
Wenger's,  in  1SG9.  | 

John  Montgomery,  who  now  holds 
position  in  the  State  Normal  School,  M 
county,  and  who  is  arecognizeil  leader  in  educational 
circles,  tauglit  in  the  Mechanic-burii  si-lmol  tur  a  nuiii- 
lier  of  years,  commencing  in  1N54.  S;iiiiiiel  Ik-linier, 
who  has  been  connected  with  tlie  same  institution  for 
a  series  of  years,  also  commenced  his  professional  life 
in  the  Bard  school.  Mr.  Behmer  was  a  firm  advocate 
of  tcm|ierauce,  and  spoke  frequently  upon  the  subject. 

School  Directors. — The  following  are  the  names  of 
the  directors  since  the  organization  of  the  township; 


honorable 
rsville,  this 


1644.  Emanuel  S«o[,e. 

18C3 

A.  B.  Miller.                           y 

Julm  MussLT. 

Isaiic  Bushuni;.                          I, 

1845.  Gi'n,KoUruff. 

18G4 

S.  H.  Jlyfi. 

.s„[„uel  Ji.hns. 

S.  H.  Jl.viT. 

IMS.  .I;i™L  LaiiilM. 

180.-. 

Joliu  llfitslm. 

Ju,.vl,  Kh.v. 

LcviCiolT. 

1S47.   J. .1.1,  Mu»-.fr. 

Juliii  BilckwiiUur. 

I.sm.c  Kliiig. 

180G 

A.  B.  lliUer. 

1848.  M.  0.  \Vc.ni;or. 

Julm  I'iikel. 

.I,..l,.,  ll.uv. 

1807 

Josepli  Sliick. 

1S40.  Ufnjaniii.  Kolirer. 

Daniel  Ash.             / 
N,  F.  Slieanur.    ,/ 

S.  Sel.Uinirlclge. 

1808 

M.  G.  \V„„g..r. 

Julm  Zollcrs. 

Wilaon  liriibak,=r. 

Julm  lluikwaKe.-. 

Juhi,  Ifcinl. 

1809 

C.  R.  La.iJis. 

lii-„l,cii  Weidler. 

A.  B.  Miller. 

1860.  Julm  Z.-Meis. 

1870 

Samuel  Kulp.        _, 

Kiiiaiuu-1  W.JiJlor. 

Ja.mS„e,.rar.t/ 

1.851.  lloiij.m.ii.LKiiJis, 

1871 

John  Zuller». 

I»a,.c  lliishong. 

J.  W.  Bender. 

18.'-i2.   Audiew  Banl. 

1872 

J.  li,  Mnsser. 

Uulieit  lluisU. 

J.  U.  Landia. 

Ma.ln,  U,.l..er. 

187J 

J.  W.  Bender. 

1853.  Hi-riry  Kbv. 

Benjamin  Workman. 

Jul.  11  Mu.ser. 

1874 

John  Zelleis. 

1834.  C.  H.  Laii.lia. 

Jusejili  Greinor. 

Isaac  Hull. 

Henry  llu^l.tter. 

1850.  Henry  Kliy. 

1870 

B,  T.  Seldunir 

I,aac  D.i.e. 

Willi.mi  Kiea 

1857.  Heiiiy  llarlou. 

1877 

John  lii.,liunfc 

JuMiili  Went-er. 

Julm  Zellera. 

Kivdeiick  Kiamer. 

1878 

B.  B.  Landis. 

S.  G.  GrulT. 

J.  R.  Mu.aer. 

1858.  laaae  Bnahung. 

1879 

B.  T.  Seldomr 

Cluklian  Ebersolo. 

Jacob  Eby. 

1859.  Henry  Kliy. 

1880 

J.  A.  Slauflor. 

Alraliani  Sheiljlny, 

Peter  Summer 

m.,j,   ItenJarMin   l'.,Hl,..ng. 

^8^1 

B.  B.  Landis. 

JaLul.  Vanilel»aal. 

Josepli  Bielor. 

A.  0.  Orull. 

1882 

B.  V.  Seldunir 

1801.   Rn.ly  Kiiiikle. 

Jacob  Eby. 

G.  W.  l.invillo. 

1883 

I'uter  Snmmei 

1.S02.  JaLul,  llnusLCker. 

J.  A    Slailller 

Heller's  Reformed  Church.— In  Upper  Leaoock 
township,  along  the  Ilurse-Slioe  road,  about  seven 
miles  from  Ijancaster  and  one  mile  from  the  village 
(if  .AlechMiicsbnrg,  standi  "Salem,"  commonly  known 
as  "  Heller's  Relbrmed  Church,"  erected  in  the  year 
ISGO.  The 'corner-stone  of  that  building  contains 
a  paper  on  which  is  subscribed  the  following  state- 
ment: "This  house  is  the  projierty  of  the  German 
Reformed  Church  of  the  United  States  of  America, 
intended  t'm-  the  worsliip  of  God  according  to  the 
doctrines  nf  the  Hible,  Old  and  New  Testament,  and 
the  lluidelberg  Catechism,  as  the  standard  of  said 
church.  This  congregation  was  founded  in  1722,  by 
a  number  of  German  Reformed  fathers.  Their  first 
house  was  built  in  1722,  repaired  in  1802,  rebuilt  and 
enlarged  in  1838  by  the  same  congregation.  The 
lumse  having  become  dilapidated,  the  congregation 
has  concluded  to  build  ii  new  one,  and  are  now  as- 
sembled for  the  pur|Mise  of  laying  the  corner-stone  in 
the  name  of  the  triune  ( iod.  The  name  of  the  house 
to  be  the  same  as  heretofore,  'Salem.'  Rev.  Daniel 
Hertz,  pastor,  has  served  the  congregation  for  tliirty 
years.  John  Bushong,  Henry  Staulier,  Isaac  Bush- 
'Ong,  building  committee;  Amos  Cowen,  architect; 
Washington  Simmons,  stone-mason;  David  Jefferees, 
bricklayer.  In  witness  tliereof,  the  vestry  have  here- 
unto signed  their  names  this  2Gth  day  of  May,  \.l>. 
1838.  John  lln^honu;  ,uid  Henry  Sheibley,  elders; 
John  Zellers,  l-,;i.,r  nii^houg.  Jacob  Grabill,  and 
Jacob  Weidler,  du.ooiis." 

If  the  date  which  is  lure  rhiimed  for  the  founding 
of  this  cluirtdi  be  correct,  there  is  probably  no  older 
Reformed  congregation  in  this  country.  That  the 
church  rightly  claims  an  early  origin  is  an  established 
fact  supported  by  records  which  are  found  of  the  year 
1742,  which  speaks  of  the  ground  '^vhereunto  tl!e 
meeting-house  now  stands."  So  far  as  the  date  is 
concerned,  no  documentary  evidence  can  be  furiii.shed 
except  the  above,  but^univer.sal  tradition,  among  those 
who  are  sujiposcd  to  know,  claims  the  year  1722  as  the 
time  when  the  church  was  founded. 

The  first  church  building  here  wiis  a  small  log 
structure,  with  no  iloor  but  the  bare  ground,  and  tlie 
seats  were  made  of  slabs  with  the  ilat  side  up.  In 
this  unpretentious  little  building  the  grandfathers  of 
the  present  congregation,  then  so  full  of  promise  for 
the  future,  worshiped  God  for  many  years.  That 
there  was  an  jnterest  manifested  in  the  worshij)  at 
this  place  in  early  times  is  evident  from  the  fact  that 
the  cemetery  was  early  used  for  burial  purposes. 
Tombstones  bearing  the  dates  of  1729,  1737,  17G2, 
177G,  and  1789,  all  bearing  the  solemn  testimony  of 
age,  are  found  in  this  cemetery. 

In  1830,  Rev.  Daniel  Hcrt/.  as-umed  the  p:.s|,„-:ito 
of  the  Reformed  ro,,-re-:,lion.  He  celel.raUd  the 
Holv  Coiiiniuuion  l\,r  the  hr.t  time  in  this  ehiireh 
May   22,    l,s;;l,   wlien    nine   conininnieants   apiieared. 


racob 


M: 


934 


HISTORY    OP   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


<ler,  Margarita  Nunnamakcr,  Salome  Reimciisnider, 
Catliarine  Rudy,  and  Eva  Biisliong.  At  the  same 
time  seven  catecliumons  were  conlirmed,  thus  raising 
tlie  mciuber-list  to  sixteen.  Ahout  the  year  18;i8, 
Rev.  Jlr.  Barr,  of  tlie  Presbyterian  Church,  com- 
menced to  preacli  in  tliis  place,  and  continued  every 
four  weeks  until  1843.  He  was  supported  Jointly  liy 
the  Presbyterians  in  the  vicinity  and  the  members  .,!' 
the  Reformed  Church  who  were  in  lavor  of  English 
services.  After  Rev.  Barr  ceased  his  labors  here  Rev 
D.  Hertz  continued  to  occupy  the  pulpit  alone  until 
about  the  time  the  present  church  edifice  was  erected. 
To  satisfy  a  demand  for  more  English  preaching  than 
the  aged  father  could  render,  Rev.  F.  .V.  Oust  was 
elected  assistant  pastor.  He  commenced  his  labors 
May  6,  ISGO,  and  with  an  appointinent  for  every  four 
weeks,  he  continued  until  March  19,  ISGo,  when  he 
preached  his  farewell  sermon. 

The  present  church  was  consecrated  in  ISGO.  Re- 
sides the  pastor,  Rev.  D.  Hertz,  and  the  assistant 
pastor.  Rev.  F.  A.  Gast,  there  were  also  i)resent  Rev. 
]■:.  V.  Garhard,  Rev.  J.  V.  Garhard,  Rev.  J.  V.  Eckert, 
Rev.  J.  S.  Demund,  and  Rev.  Isaac  Garhard.  The 
cost  of  the  church  was  $4201.42,  and  the  cost  of  the 
liorse-shed  was  §1137.30,  involving  an  e.Kpense  of 
$4428.72.  In  18G7,  Rev.  D.  W.  Garhard  commenced 
his  labors  here  as  stated  supply,  and  in  one  year  after 
as  regular  pastor.  Father  Hertz  continued  his  ap- 
pointments every  four  weeks  until  the  close  of  the 
year  1807,  when  he  ceased  his  labors  here.  At  the 
last  communion  celebrated  by  Father  Hertz  forty- 
three  persons  participated. 

Through  the  untiring  ellbrts  of  the  present  pastor, 
D.  W.  Garhard,  ami  his  strict  devotion  to  his  con- 
gregation, the  church  has  prosjiered  greatly.  lu 
th'e  fall  of  1872  a  new  cabinet  organ  was  secured  for 
the  church.  The  next  year  the  wood-work  on  the 
outside  of  the  cliureh  and  some  on  the  inside  was 
))ainted,  a  new  railing  around  the  altar  and  a  reading- 
desk  were  added,  and  the  Sunday-school  room  was  im- 
])roved;  a  year  later  the  main  audience-room  of  the 
church  was  carpeted,  the  whole  anuiunting  to  three 
hundred  and  thirty-three  dollars.  In  the  sjjriug  of 
1874.a  beautiful  monument,  an  ornament  to  the  place, 
was  erected  in  the  graveyard  by  John  S.  Givler,  of 
Philadelphia,  to  the  memory  of  his  sainted  wife  and 
infant  child.  During  the  same  year  a  charter  fur  the 
legal  incorporation  of  the  church  was  secured,  .larob 
L.  Garber,  of  Greenville,  Ohio,  had  the  remains  of  his 
ancestry  exhumed  from  a  field  cemetery  of  West  Earl 
township  in  the  spring  of  1883  and  interred  in  "Hel- 
ler's Cemetery,"  and  to  their  memory  he  erected  a 
white  bronze  monument. 

The  Sunday-School.-In  tlie  year  184G  the  ac- 
tive members  of  Heller's  Church  undertouk  to  estalj- 
lish  a  Sunday-school.  At  that  date  there  was  no 
other  Sunday-school  in  the  community,  and  such  an 
organi/.atioii  was  looked  iijion  with  siispicidii  by  some, 
ami   actively   opposed    by   others.     But    the   positive 


element  at  work,  encouraged  by  the  pastor.  Rev.  D. 
Hertz,  overcame  all  opposition;  the  school,  under  the 
leadership  of  Henry  Stanlfer,  as  the  superintendent, 
was  sifccessful,  largelj'  attended,  and  made  a  favorable 
impression  upon  the  community.  In  1850  the  oliiceis 
were  J(din  Johns,  president  ;  Daniel  liushong,  secre- 
tary ;  Isaac  Bushon.-.  supennten.lent;  .lohn'Zellers, 
a-i-tant  sU|.eiiiilendenl  ;  .r„hn  Bushong,  Daniel 
Bitzer,  J.  II.  Bean,  directors;  Catherine  Heller,^ 
Elizabeth  Graham,  and  Eliza  Sutton,  directresses. 
Commencing  with  the  year  185G,  the  school  held 
its  sessions  for  several  years  in  Mill  Creek  school- 
house,  and  was  known  as  the  .Alill  Creek  Sunday- 
school. 

Jacob  0.  Steinhiser,  the  teacher  of  this  place,  took 
an  active  part  in  the  school.  The  names  of  Hiram 
Bushong  and  Samuel  Eby  also  appear  among  the 
olficers  of  the  school.  AVhen  the  present  church  was 
erected  provision  was  made  for  the  Sunday-school 
by   fitting   for  it   the   basement  story,   where  it  was 

I  conducted  in  18G3.  Since  then  the  following  persons 
have  served  as  superintendents:  Henry  Stauffer,  H. 

..B.Alexander,  A.  G.  Sheibley,  Valentine   Baker,   T. 

}  Z.  Sheatfer,  Martin   Bushong,  J.  K.  Bachman,  Theo-  ' 

'••dore  Stauffer,  and  R.  M.  Bushong. 

Zion's  Lutheran  Church.— This  church  is  located 
in  the  village  of  Jlcchanicsburg,  in  the  most  elevated 
part  of  the  town.     This  congregation  had  its  origin 

I  in  Heller's  Church,  and  formed  a  part  of  that  con- 

I  gregation  until  1810,  when  Rev.  Samuel  Trumbauer 
formed  a  permanent  organization  of  the  Lutheran 
people..  They  still  worshiped  in  Heller's  Church 
in  1838.  In  the  spring  of  1818,  at  a  meeting  of 
a  church  council,  Jaculi  Weidler  and  John  Bard  were 
elected   elders,  and  Samuel   Weidler,   Michael  Hess, 

I  and  Emanuel  Swope,  deacons.     Tlitjir  first  meniber- 

I  ship  numbered  twenty-six.  Through  the  earnest  and 
determined  efforts  of  Rev.  Samuel  Trumbauer,  who 
h.ad  labored  with  tliis  people  for  a  long  period,  they 
became  a  strong  congregation,  of  power  and  wealth. 
Rev.  Trumbauer  served  both  congregations  for  twenty 
years.  During  the  greater  [)ortion  of  this  time  the 
Reformed  people  assLsted  in  the  support  of  the  Lu- 
theran pastor,  but  maintained  their  Reformed  faith. 

In  1830,  Rev.  D.  Hertz  assumed  the  pastorate  of 
the  Reformed  Church,  and  after  the  two  congrega- 
tions and  pastors  had  worshiped  harmoniously  in  the 
same  building  for  eight  years,  it  was  agreed  that  the 
church  must  be  repaired  and  enlarged.  This  was  to 
be  done  jointly  by  the  two  congregations,  but  the  Lu- 
therans expected  to  claim  joint  ownership  in  the 
property.  This  claim  was  denied  them  by  the  Re- 
formed people.  The  consequence  was  the  Lutheran 
congregation,  in  1838,  built  an  exclusive  Lutheran 
( 'hiirch,  which  wa- c inscrrated  the  same  year  by  Rev. 
4'runih;uicr,  who  reinai.ird  the  pastor  of /ion's  Church 
until  Nov.  2,  is.li),  whrn  he  ,|ied,  after  serving  the 
Luthcnni  [leople  lor  a  pcrioil  of  forty  years.  His 
widow  still  resides  in  .Mechauicsburg.     The   church 


UPPER   LEACOCK   TOWNSHIP. 


935 


WMS  remodeled  :it  :iii  exp 
<l,.ll:iri,  iuicl  redeilicMtrd 
liorg,  wlio  is  the  prusLiit 
joining  tlie  cliurch  lot  \v:i 


?r  t'liur  tliousuiid 
1877,  by  Rev.  A. 
ho  i):irson:ige  :id- 
d  in  18G4  for  two 


thou^and   :ind   five  dollars.     The    following    |>itm,i,s 
have  been  i)astors  of  Ziou's  in  the  order  given  :   Kiv. 

]ioyer,  liev.  Leonard  Gerhard,  and  Krv.  A.  Herg. 

Tlie  cemetery  of  this  eluirch  w.i->  lirst  occuiiied  lor 
hnrial  purposes  about  forty  years  ago.  In  its  cemetery 
lie  the  remains  of  Mrs.  Hannah  IMearig,  who  was  born 
in  Montgomery  County  on  March  5,  17tj7,  and  died 
in  Mechanicsburg,  JIareh  8,  18G8,  aged  one  hundred 
and  tour  years  and  three  -days. 

The  Sunday-school  of  Zion's  Lutheran  Church  w;is 
first  organized  April  22,  1859,  by  the  jjaslor,  Rev.  Jlr, 
Rover.  Since  that  time  the  organization  has  been 
sustained.  The  lirst  otlicers  of  the  school  were  John 
Render,  .superintendent;  \V.  D.  Hard,  assistant  su- 
perintendent; S.  S.  Boyer,  secretary;  J.  Cowen, 
librarian;  Daniel  Ritzer,  treasurer.  .A.t  present  the 
school  is  under  the  leadershii)  of  Frank  I'.endcr. 

The  United  Brethren  in  Christ. -IMor  to  1801 
the  United  Rretliren  and  Methodists  had  organized 
tliemselves  in  one  cla.ss  without  being  recognized  by 
any  Conference.  Amos  Miller  was  the  pioneer  of 
this  church  in  the  township,  and  afterwards  became 
a  "  local"  minister.  They  enjoyed  preaching  at  stated 
jjcriods  by  ministers  of  the  surrounding  circuits. 
The  services  were  usually  held  in  i)rivate  houses,  and 
freijuently  in  u  wagon-maker's  shop  in  Monterey. 
The  audience  at  times  became  so  large  that  the  doors 
had  to  be  closed.  Finally,  with  the  increase  of 
incmbership,  measures  were  takeu  to  erect  an  appro- 
)aiate  house  of  worship,  wdiich  resulted  in  a  separa- 
tion of  the  Brethren  and  Methodists.  The  LTnited 
Brethren  el.ass  was  then  connected  with  the  Inter- 
course Circuit,  and  under  the  charge  of  Rev.  \V.  S. 
Keyes,  assisted  by  Hiram  Bush.ong  and  .Vmos  Miller, 
in  1863,  the  present  church  edifice  at  Monterey  was 
erected.  It  is  a  plain  brick  house,  and  will  seat 
about  four  hundred  persons.  The  trustees  of  the 
church  in  Ajjril,  1883,  were  B.  T.  Seldoniridge,  S. 
Kellenberger,  M.  Frymyer,  D.  Cverley,  and  R.  R. 
Rleam;  pastor,  Rev.  J.  N.  Mun.lon.  The  member- 
ship of  the  church  is  eighty. 

The  Sunday-school  of  this  place  was  originally  or- 
ganized as  a  Union  school  in  an  old  school-house  at 
<juite  an  early  date;  but  when  the  church  was  built 
it  was  transferred  to  this  place  and  organized  as  a 
United   Bret'liren   school.     Robert   Bursk,   Christian  I 
Ressler,   R.  T.  Seldoniridge,  and   Daniel  Kolp  were 
the   superintendents  at  different  times.      The   pres- 
ent   ollicers    and    teachers   are:    Superintendent,    R. 
R.   Pleam;    Assistant   Superinten<lent,    John    Zook ;  j 
Secretary,  Kate  Seldoniridge  ;  .Treasurer,  David  Over-  i 
ley  ;  Teachers,  William  Hinkle,- Harry  Murr,  George  ' 
Kellenberger,   John    Zook,   Annie    M.   Kolp,    Annie 
^lartin,  and  James  Boyd  ;   Organist,  Annie  IMurr.  I 


The  Bareville  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,— 

This  cliunh  is  not  in  Bareville,  but  a  mile  west  of  it, 
on  the  New  Holland  pike.  Among  the  early  Jlcth- 
odisN  wjTr  J.  \V.  Iteiidrr,  Willianr  Render,  Samuel 
Trainer,  Cyiu-  llaltrn,  D.ivid  Cook,  I.  R.  Wickel, 
Mr.  \Vi.kri,-.-:r.,  Kobeit  Ihir-k,  and  fieorge  W.  Lin- 
viUe.  .V  spirii  of  .Melhodisin  had  taken  hold  of  this 
people  in  earlv  tinus,  and  they  at  once  became  a  large 


lave 


been  made. 

In  1870  the  I'liila.lolpliia  Conference  thought  it 
advisable  to  connect  New  Hollan.l  and  Bareville  ap- 
pointments, and  thus  formed  a  new  circuit,  with  Rev. 
Roswell,  of  Philadelphia,  as  the  first  jiastor,  who 
remained  but  three  months.  In  the  same  year 
(1876),  J.  W.  Bender,  the  mainstay  and  pillar  of  this 
church,  as  well  as  a  useful  member  of  the  community, 
died.  For  many  years  he  was  a  leader  of  the  common 
school  cause  in  "the  township  in  wliirh  be  lived.  In 
all  other  res|.ects  he  was  an  honurrd  and  leading 
citizen.  But  in  the  church 'liis  presence  was  espe- 
cially felt.  He  was  always  in  his  pew  during  public 
worship,  .always  reaily  to  jierform  an  act  of  charity, 
and  on  account  of  his  well-known  liberality  and  in- 
terest in  the  church  he  was  looked  upon  by  all 
as  leader  in  every  enterprise  which  concerned  tlie 
welfare  of  the  church.  Of  late  the  church  has  lan- 
guished, and  is  reduced  by  removals  and  deaths  to  a 
small  membership.  A  Sabbath-school  has  been  main- 
tained since  the  church  organization,  having  at  pres- 
ent Aaron  Bender  as  superintendent.  Mrs.  Bender, 
the  widow  of  J.  W.  Bender,  and  Miss  Lizzie  Buck- 
waiter  are  the  leading  spirits  of  the  school;  On  the 
24tli  of  June,  1883,  the  Sunday-scliool  celebrated 
Children's  Day.  .-i.ddresses  were  made  by  W.  S. 
Hinkle,  Rev.  E.  L.  Hughes,  Daniel  Kolp,  James 
Boyd,  and  Rev.  H.  J.  Illick,  the  present  i>astor. 

The  Mennonites  and  New  Mennonites  had  their 
place  of  worship  in  early  times  in  a  pioneer  school- 
house  near  the  Sluniptown  mad  and  near  the  site 
of  the  present  meeting-house.  Among  some  of  the 
early  preachers  of  the  former  were  John  Krider  and 
John  Buckwalter,  and  among  the  latter  John  Landis, 
Abraham  Landis,  and  Christian  Resh.  About  the 
year  lsi;{|  .raeob  Alusser  gave  , land  gratuitously  upon 
which  the  .Mennonites  erected  a  brick  nieetijig-house, 
which  they  rebuilt  and  enlarged  in  the  summer  of 
1882.  The  New  Mennonites  have  no  place  of  worship 
in  the  township. 

The  Ornish,  or  Hooker  Mennonites  (so  called 
becatise  they  wear  hooks  on  their  clothes  instead  of 
buttons),  were  among  the  pioneer  settlers  of  Upper 
Leacock.  They  are  nuito  numerous  in  this  township. 
They  boh]  their  meetings  in  private  houses. 

The  Bunkers,  who  are  the  German  Baptists,  are 
also  nnmercjus.  Thev  have  one  place  of  worship 
near  Monterey. 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


ClIAPTKU    LXrV. 


Geography  and  Topography.— This,  tlKm;;li  not 

one  ul  llu-  oiiginal  tii\vii>hi|ks  (,f  L.iiuMstcr  Cmiity, 
\v:ts  aniDiii;  the  lir.st  suhsequently  orgiinizctl,  as  njay 
lie  seen  liy  tlie  ttiUowing,  I'roin  the  reconhs  of  the 
Cimrt  oi'  Quarter  Sessions  of  Lancaster  County  : 

Feb.  7,  173S.  "The  petition  of  many  of  the  inhab- 
itants of  Drumore  townsliip,  setting  forth  tiie  iucon- 
venienees  they  hiy  under  by  tlie  largeness  of  tlie 
to\vnslii|:,  and  play  the  same  may  be  divided  by  a 
line  rumiini;  troiii  a  marked  Spanish  oak  standing  on 
the  brow  of  a  roundish  hill  by  Susquehanna,  oppo- 
site to  an  island,  called  Mount  Johnson,  northeast  by 
east  to  Octorara  Creek,  and  that  the  said  eastern  di- 
vision may  be  called  the  townsliip  of  Little  Britain; 
which  said  petition,  being  considered  and  approved 
of,  the  same  is  ordered   to  be  recorded  in    manner 


the  official 
and   forty- 


;f  th. 


It   will    thus    he    see 
township  is  just   one  h 
greater  age  than  over  one-half  the  to\N'n,>liip>  in  the 
county  cau  claim. 

When  it  was  in  contemplation  to  divide  the  town- 
ship of  Drumore,  from  which  this  was  taken,  and 
while  one  proposed  one  name  and  another  offered 
another,  with  a  prospect  of  considerable  difficulty  in 
settling  the  question,  John  Jamison,  one  of  the  old- 
est and  most  prominent  citizens,  said  to  the  company, 
"  We,  most  of  us,  came  from  Gredt  Britain  as  our 
native  place.  I  |iropose  the  name  of  Litlti  liritaiii, 
ill  memory  of  our  mother-country."  Tlie  idea  was 
favorably  received,  and  the  township  then  being  or- 
ganized was  named  accordingly.  For  over  one  hun- 
dred years  its  dimensions  were  unchanged,  till  in 
1844  the  territory  belonging  to  it  was  divided,  and 
the  ])art  separated  from  it  took  the  name  of  Fulton. 

The  remaining  part,  now  constituting  the  township 
of  Little  Britain,  is  bounded  on  the  northeast  by  the 
weslern  braneli  of  Oetorara  Creek,  seiiarating  it 
from  Coleraiii;  on  the  southeast  by  the  main  Octo- 
rara Creek  below  its  forks,  seiiarating  it  from  Chester 
County  ;  on  the  west  by  Fulton  township,  and  on 
the  northwest  by  Drumore  township.  Its  e.xtrenie 
length  from  north  to  south  is  very  nearly  eight  miles  ; 
its  greatest  width,  lioiii  the  Fulton  line  to  Pine 
Grove  Bridge,  somelliiug  over  five  miles,  but  its 
shape  is  so  irregular  that  the  average  widtli  would 
scarcely  be  two-thirds  of  that  figure.  The  waters  of 
the  (Jetorara  Creek,  cither  the  main  stream  or  its 
western  branch,  wasli  considerably  more  than  one- 
half  of  its  enfire  length  of  boundary.  Besides  these 
it  ha-,  iici  eonsiderable  streams,  but  quite  a  number  of 
smaller  streams,  tributary  to  these  or  to  the  Conc- 
wiiigo.     ( »f  these  the  Little  Conewingo  rises  within 


liy  Jc. 


Kl 


its  limits,  and  running  first  soutliw: 
ward  enters  Fulton  township;  I'al 
sues  a  northeasterly  c(mrse,  and  jiassing  ,Iaiiie>  King's 
mill,  faUs  into  the  West  Branch  of  Octorara  ;  Picken's 
Run  finds  its  source  near  the  centre  of  the  town.s-lii[), 
and  runuing  southeasterly,  furnishes  power  for  Bal- 
lance'.,  saw-mill  and  llarkness'  grist-mill,  and  falls 
into  the  main  Hetcrara;  iiaec^oon  Rnii  rises  not  far 
from  Oak  Hill,  and  luirsuiiig  nearly  a  south  direc- 
tion, gives  motion  to  Kirk's  mills,  near  Eastland,  and 
Conrad's  saw-mill,  at  Kinseyville,  entering  the  Octo- 
rara a  short  distance  below.  Numerous  smaller 
streams  intersect  nearly  every  part  of  the  township 
and  furiii.-li  all  the  water  needed  fur  oidiiiary  pur- 
poses, making  this  indeed  a  well-watered  country. 

The  Peach  Bottom  Railroad  (narrow-gauge) 
enters  the  town.^hip  from  C^hcster  County,  crossing 
the  Octorara  a  short  distance  below  its  forks,  passes 
uj)  the  West  Branch  on  its  southern  side  to  King's 
Bridge,  then  turns  up  a  small  run  to  a  summit  beyond 
Fair  Mount  Station,  then  descends  a  small  branch  of 
the  Conewingo   till  It  crosses  the  township  line  into 


before   reachi 


Fulton    III 


ing 


w: 


Uoek,  King's  Bridge,  and  Fair  Mount. 

Pioneer    Settlers    and    Land  Warrants.— This 

township  has,  perhap-,  the  earlie-t  loeatiun  of  laii.l 
in  the  county.  In  170)  a  survey  of  loon  acres  was 
made  for  John  Wiliiier,  by  the  name  of  Milcoiu 
Island  (see  map),  wdiich  he  soon  after  transferred  to 
Randal  Janney,  and  he  in  turn  to  John  Budd  and 
Sarah  Morrey.  It  is  doiilitliil  whether  a  settlement 
was  ever  made  by  virtue  ul  ilii>  hieation,  for  in  1715 
Hudd  and  Jlorrey  relinipii^hed  it  to  the  proprietaries, 
taking  in  lieu  thereol  two  warrants  tor  500  acres  each, 
which  were  afterward  located  in  Philadelphia  County. 

The  Ross  Tract.— In  1714,  on  the  5th  day  of  No- 
vember, Alexander  Ross  took  out  a  warrant  for  500 
acres,  which  was  located  on  the  northern  part  of  this 
tract.  As  these  surveys  were  made  by  what  was  called 
the  forest  perch  of  six  yards,  instead  of  five  and  a 
half,  it  might  have  netted  between  eleven  and  twelve 
hundred  acres. 

GatcheU  and  Reynolds'  Tracts.— In  1735,  Elisha 
Gatchell  took  out  a  warrant  for  OOU  acres,  which  was 

Henry  Reynolds,  each  one  taking  300  acres  and  allow- 
;h   one   obtained  a  patent,  dated 


July 


for  wli 

37 


i-s  make  1100  acres,  and 
ry  nearly  1200  acres,  or, 
der  Ross  sold  his  part  to 
■eh  4,  1742,  added  a  war- 
-.  These  lands  remained 
many  years,  other  lands 


being  added  to  them  and  ; 
the  whole  1200  acres,  togeth^ 
tions,  but  little  now  remai 
early  possessors.  A  sniiill  | 
still  belongs  to  the  Jamisoi 


iterw; 


.'iiate 


1)1 


S  .c 


ini  /iumint'sui 
E    S     l_ 


Ju/m  ■  '(I  mi  soil 
Maich  ■/'^'//V.:-'. 
3    A-    6 


ALEXANDER  ROSS, 

fl'xfiK/it    iintt',1   Xor.J'."/  7/^/^. 
liiif/  unfht  A'ur//i,-;7/  pai'l  o/' f/n\s'  J'Tucf  ,.y(>lJ  hi/  /loss 
tii  John  Jcu/iison  ■liiiir  J'."  /  "/?S 


ELI  SNA     GAT  C  HELL         ,      HENRY     REYNOLDS 


:U)OA,i-  ,il/  - 

Q 

"^         It'll  r runt     /7J-> 


f  173 

9  i'  e 


J(J(J.{&  all  :' 

Fidcitt  .lull/  a'.'' / 7J'. 


I, (run  I 
.  DRAFT    OF    MILCOM    ISLAND. 
Surveyed  by  John  Wilmer 

1704. 


LITTLE    BRITAIN   TOWNSHIP. 


937 


11  lineal  descendant  in  tlie  sixth  degree  of  the  origi- 
nal Henry  Reynolds,  still  holds  about  100  acres  of 
the  original  300.  All  the  rest  has  passed  into  other 
IkukK.  (iatchell's  300  acres  were  early  disposed  of, 
diviikil,  and  conveyed.  The  late  Joseph  Ballance 
held  about  one-half  of  it,  and  since  his  time  it  has 
been  rej)eatedly  sold.  George  Hershoni  and  others 
are  now  the  owners  of  it.  The  other  half  belongs  to 
Joseph  C.  Jamison,  now  or  late  Jacob  Proctor,  lately 
the  AsLton  girls,  and  others.  Reynolds'  300  acres 
are  now  owned  by  James  Peeples,  William  King, 
heirs  of  William  N.  Grillith,  and  others.  Henry 
Reynolds,  however,  took  uj)  other  land,  some  of  which 
still  remains  to  his  family,  thongh  only  a  small  part  of 
the  whole.  He  boasto.!  thai  he  owned  st-vcn  farms  at 
one  tinir,  and  that  he  cnld  .tarid  on  hi-;  nwn  ground 
and  view  tlieni  all.  Hi,  great  -  gnin.lsou,  .losiah 
Reynolds,  held  two  hundred  and  twenty-six  acres 
of  this,  which  he  devised  to  his  children,  where  most 
of  it  still  remains.  The  heirs  of  his  son,  John  Reyn- 
olds, hold  132  acres  of  this;  the  heirs  of  his  daugh- 
ter, Maria  Peeples,  have  20  acres;  Sarah  Philips, 
another  daughter,  had  35  acres,  jiart  of  which  she  still 
retains;  and  Rachel  J.  Pickering,  another  daughter, 
has  29  acres.  Beside  what  has  been  mentioned,  and 
possibly  some  small  pieces  nut  noted,  all  has  jiassed 
into  other  luirnls.  Verily,  one  -emTation  gathereth 
together  and  anntlu-r  .n'iirr:itinu  -ratterrth  abroa.l,  -o 


I  Mod  twenty-five  acres  on 
u  i;:;7,  and  sold  to  David 
siild  to  Samuel  Reynolds 
i,  he  to 


of  the  lir>t  was  one  hiiiMin 
Octorara  Creek,  taken  up 
Reynolds  in  1771.  Havid 
in  1773,  who  sold  to  Roger  Teague 
Samuel  Carter  in  1801,  who  sold  to  John,  Abel,  and 
Seth  Kinsey  in  1811.  It  now  belongs  to  Samuel  Con- 
nard  and  others,  and  is  intersected  by  Raccoon  Run. 
The  village  of  Kinseyville  is  on  this  tract,  the  Kin- 
seys  having  erected  an  extensive  bla^ksmith-^ho|)  and 
tilt-hammer  on  the  run,  ami  built  a  nuuibrr  nl  houses 
there.  Since  Abel  Kinsi  y's  dcalli  il  wa^  eouverteJ 
into  a  spoke-factory,  ajid  is  now  used  as  a  saw-mill. 
This  tract  was  located  as  being  in  Drumore  township. 
Two  hundred  and  thirty  acres  he  took  up  by  warrant 
in  February,  1748,  ami  had  the  survey  of  :\ralcolm 
Fisher,  of  Decejuber,  Ml'^,  tian-llrn-d  tu  him.lHiih 
confirmed  by  patent  of  .\pril  11,  17.32.  Tin  s(.-  iiro|i- 
erties  now  belong  to  Aimer  C.  \Vood,  Samuel  Fite, 
heirs  of  Nathan  Haines,  deceased,  heirs  of  ^Villiam 
Hilton,  deceased,  and  others.  A  tract  of  145  acres 
was  patented  to  Henry  Reynolds,  JIarch  22,  1741,  ad- 
joining his  first  300  acres.  This  is  partly  included  in 
the  land  heldby  Josiah  Reyn.d.ls,  and  devised  to  his 
children,  and  partly  held  l.y  William  King,  William 
Griffith's  heirs,  and  others.  Henry  Reynolds  sold  2:;:i 
acres  to  Samuel  ]{eynolds,  1st  iho.  3,  1745,  and  to 
Henry  Reynol.ls,  ,Ir.,  l>t  mo.  10,  1747-4S.  Samuel 
Revnolds  took  no  120  acres  adjoining,  and  sold  to  liU 


two  son-,  Samuel  and  Reuben,  and  now  owned  by 
the  iieirs  of  William  N.  Griffith,  James  Wood, 
Abner  Carter,  and  others.  Henry  Reynolds  took  up 
88  acrfs  and  allowances  additional  by  warrant  of 
1745,  now  .belonging  to  James  Wright.  In  17(i(;  he 
entered  an  application.  No.  2104,  on  which  102  acres 
was  surveyed  to  him,  and  ]iatented  by  the  name  of 
"  Reynoldstown,"  now  owned  by  heirs  of  John  Reyn- 
olds and  others. 

Another  Samuel  Reynolds  in  1700  took  255'|  acres 
on  Octorara,  now  owned  by  David  ."\I.  Taylor,  B.  F. 
Taylor,  and  others. 

Three  other  tracts,  coiit;iining  together  about  5(i0 
acres,  passed  through  the  hands  of  dillerent  men  of 
the  name  of  Reynolds  (as  well  as  divers  smaller 
pieces)  of  which  nothing  now  remains  to  any  of  them. 
One  of  these  tracts  of  137  acres,  sold  by  John  and 
Francis  Rowland  to  Jacob  Reynolds  in  1795,  is  be- 
lieved to  be  one  of  the  seven  farms  owned  by  Henry 
Reynolds  the  elder,  but  the  evidence  is  not  at  hand 
to  establish  this  fact. 

Edward  Pleadwell  had  a  warrant  tnmi  the  Proprie- 
taries' commissioners  lor  700  acres,  dated  July  10,  1707, 
whereof  200  acres  were  surveyed  July  IG,  1717,  on 
both  sides  of  Octorara  Creek,  chiefly  on  the  west 
side  (being  then  in  Chester  County).  This  laud  be- 
came the  piopi  ily  ol  hi-  daughter,  Sarah,  intermar- 
ried with  .rohn  rri,-,t.  who  sold  to  Jose]jh  Wood, 
.June  ir,,  1701.  It  now  belongs  to  the  Tyson  Mining 
Gom]iaiiy,  of  Baltimore,  whose  chrome  pits  on  this 
laud  were  long  the  most  jiroductive  in  the  world,  and 
furnished  a  large  proportion  of  the  chrome  of  com- 
merce. From  the  two  facts  of  its  being  situated  in  a 
bend  of  the  Octorara  Creek,  and  being  owned  by 
Priest,  the  bend  of  the  creek  and  the  land  within  it 
lias  long  been  known  as  "  Priest's  Neck." 

John  Allison  was  a  prominent  man  in  the  early 
days  of  Little  Britain.  His  farm  consisted  of  330 
acres  on  two  warrants,  one  to  himself  and  one  to 
John  JlcComb,  now  owned  by  John  J.  Kvans,  Wil- 
liam W.  Evans,  heirs  ol  Albert  \\'\U„u,  deceased,  and 
others.  He  wa-  a  man  ot'  means,  and  sometimes 
loaned  money  on  mortgage. 

Matthew  Atchison.  Feb.  8,  1743,  warrant  for  200 
acres  including  improvements,  now  William  Scott's 
and  Isaac  Wilson's.  Ft  appears  to  have  been  settled 
by  William  M.ar-hall  at  an  earlier  day.  but  perhap, 
only  as  a  s.piaU.r  without  right.  He  is  supposed  to 
have  been  a  stei,-son  of  William  Baldridge,  by  a 
former  wife,  but  this  is  uncertain. 

John  Atchison.  Sept.  5,  173S,  next  to  Matthew 
Atchison,  now  Isaac  Wilson's,  P.oekius  .V  lilaek  and 
otii.rs.  It  was  onrr  owned  bv  Aaron  Lovett,  and 
hen.-e  was  1,.,,-  known  as  "  Lovett  land."  Il  wa^  at 
one  time  llu-propertvolWilliam  ( iib.son,  of  Oak  Hill, 
who  sold  it  to  redeem  the  property  of  his  nephew, 
William    (iil.son,  .Ir.  then    in   dilfictilty,  and   was  di- 

William   Baiclav  had   113  acres  surveved  on  war- 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY, 


rantdateJ  Jhiy  13,  1736,  foi-lSU  acres  on  We^t  HnuK'li 
of  Octorara  (then  Dniinore  lowiisliip),  resurvfyeJ  liy  | 
warrant  of  May  10,  1743,  for  inii  ani^  incliuliiiL-: 
vacant  land  adjoining  the  above  with  it,  ami  ri'turiiud  , 
3GG  acres  and  151  i)erches,  after  which  aihlilinii-,  urn- 
made  of  adjoining  vacancies  by  three  wan  ants  dated  , 
:\rarch  29,1753,  upon  which  302  acres  14(i  [jerclius  { 
were  added,  making  the  whole  GG9  acres  and  allow- 
ance. AVilliam  liarclay  died,  and  the  whole  was  con- 
firmed to  his  son,  John  Barclay,  Dec.  15,  1772,  who 
sold  to  Hugh  Barclay,  Joseph  Miller,  John  Allison, 
and  Robert  Campbell  two  weeks  afterwanl.  Tluy 
divided  the  property  into  two  parts,  ami  suld  the 
western,  containing  300  acres,  to  James  ratters. m, 
and  the  eastern,  containing  3tJ7  acres,  to  (iilbert  lUi- 
ehanan  Jan.  29,  1773,  who  sold  128:]  acres  to  Walter 
Buchanan  in  1784.  The  western  part  now  belongs  to 
James  S.  Patterson,  Bordley  S.  Patterson,  and  Xich- 
olas  H.  Wells,  whose  wife  with  the  other  two  are  the 
grandchildren  of  James  Patterson,  to  whom  the  west- 
ern part  was  patented  Aug.  31,  1809.  The  eastern 
part  belongs  to  John  P.  Hays  and  James  Hays,  while 
Walter  Buchanan's  part  has  been  largely  divided. 

William  Baldridge  was  an  early  settler  who  ap|)ears 
to  have  jmrchased  the  right  of  William  Clarke,  to  a 
survey  of  107  acres  by  virtue  of  a  warrant  dated  Aug. 
:;:.,  17:;^.  At  his  death  his  son,  Micliael,  took  the 
I'loperty,  for  which  he  obtained  an  entirely  new  war- 
rant iu  lii^  own  name,  on  which  a  survey  of  2781 
aeres  was  n.ade  to  him  Sept.  S,  17S,S,  and  patented  to 
him  by  the  name  of  St.  .Michael  April  l.\  !7s;).  He 
had  previously  taken  out  a  warrant  (in  17(ill)  or  order 
for  a  vacancy  adjoining  Clarke's  survey  which  he  also 
suppressed.  About  1802  he  sold  out  here  ami  bought 
in  Colerain.  This  land  now  belongs  to  Thomas 
Wright,  Rockius,  and  Black  and  others.  John  Raid- 
ridge,  another  son  of  William,  settled  in  :\rartic. 
The  title  to  the  above  land  was  afterward  disputed 
on  account  of  the  original  survey  being  supijres^od, 
but  the  decision  was  in  favor  of  the  patent. 

Thomas  Brabston.  On  Feb.  15,  1748,  a  warrant 
was  granted  to  Thomas  Brabston  for  50  acres  near 
Henry  Reynolds'  land,  and  on  Jan.  4,  1750,  another 
fur  25  acres  next  to  his  other  land.  On  these  two 
warrants  1G5  acres  were  surveyed  in  Little  Britain, 
north  of  Octorara  Creek.  The  remnants  of  the  Brabs- 
ton family  are  still  found  in  Little  Britain,  but  none 
on  the  original  locati(Mi  which  is  now  owned  by  Henry 
P.  Townsend  and  the  heirs  of  Reuben  Cook,  deceased. 

John  Barclay,  by  warrant  of  May  18,  1736,  located 
167  acres  in  Little  Britain  (then  Drumore)  and  Cole- 
rain,  afterward  po.ssessed  by  Archibald  White,  who 
obtained  two  additional  warrants  in  1748  and  1749, 
and  sold  his  right  to  the  whole  to  John  Walker,  fur 
whom  th.-e  were  lucated.  Descended  to  J.i>eph 
AValker,  who  had  an  a.lditional  ,  survey  made  of  7  ; 
acres,  and  M.hl  the  whole  to  Cyrus  Jlilner.  It  is  now 
the  property  of  Robert  B.  Patterson,  Milton  Keech, 
C.  P.  Collin,s,  and  others,  all  of  whom   live  in  Cole- 


rain.  It  includes  Sijruce  Grove  station  on  the  Peach 
Bottom  Railroad,  in  Little  Britain,  and  ihe  Spruce 
(irove  Mills,  in  Colerain.  A  siiecies  of  slate  is  found 
(ju  the'creek  a  short  distance  below  the  station  that 
is  ^aid  to  have  furnished  the  roof  for  the  brick  nieet- 
ing-hoiise,  Oi'ottinghani,  and  to  liave  been  carried  to 
the  place  on  paek-liorses,  before  roads  were  made  or 
wheel-carriages  introduced.  This  allegation  is  made 
on  the  strength  of  old  account  books  in  which  the 
carriage  is  chargeil  for.  The  wliole  account  is  vague 
and  indefinite,  and  while  it  may  be  true,  looks  very 
much  as  if  it  were  apocryphal. 

James  Brown  had  134  acres  surveyed  by  warrant  of 
Jan.  13,  1744-45,  in  Colerain  and  Little  Britain,  to 
wdiich  he  added  jointly  with  his  son,  Hugh,  a  warrant 
for  two  pieces  adjoining,  one  in  Little  Britain  and  one 
in  Colerain,  estimated  at  80  acres,  .fames  Brown  sold 
one-half  his  interest  to  Hugh  Brown,  May  4,  17G2, 
and  confirmed  it  by  will  dated  May  18,  17GS,  whereby 
the  other  half  was  devised  to  J<din  and  Mary  Briggs, 
who  sold  ijarts  to  David  Baird  and  JLiry  Cooper, 
and  the  remainder  to  Samuel  Reynolds,  Sept.  14,  1707. 
Reynolds  .sold,  by  article,  150  aeres  to  James  King, 
Oct.  20,  1818,  and  by  an  additional  article  of  May  18, 
1819,  reduced  it  to  142'  aeies,  but  never  conveyed. 
King  was  to  pay  §300l),  paiil  .t;lUUil,aud  then  appointed 
an  assignee,  wdio  sold  the  interest  of  the  assigner,  so 
acquired,  for  §50  to  John  Sproat,  whose  administrator 
sold  and  conveyed  to  James  King,  Feb.  7,  1846.  Ellis 
Reynolds,  trustee  Ibr  the  heirs  of  Samuel  Reynolds, 
sold  and  conveyed  to  James  King,  June  29,  1846,  who 
thus,  after  twenty-seven  years'  absence,  returned  to 
his  former  possession.  He  lived  here  nuiny  years, 
and  died,  honored  and  respected,  leaving  the  prop- 
erly to  his  children.  It  may  not  be  out  of  jdace 
to  remark  here  that  about  the  time  James  King  pur- 
chased this  [)roperty  land  had  reached  an  unusual 
nominal  value,  and  that  shortly  afterward  it  receded 
to  a  point  perhap^i.  as  much  below  its  real  worth. 
Very  many  persons  bought  at  the  high  rate,  and  lost 
all  they  were  worth  in  the  revulsion,  or  with  extreme 
difficulty  and  good  numagement  held  their  own  with 
much  diminished  means.  Many  a  man,  owning  a 
good  larm,  bought  another,  and  lost  both  by  the  ven- 
ture. This  James  King  was  a  grandson  of  James 
King,  who  built  the  first  mill  on  Conewingo  Creek. 
He  left  four  sons  and  three  daughters,  one  of  the  lat- 
ter being  the, wife  of  John  Alexander,  who  for  many 
years  carried  on  the  White  Rock  forge.  Vincent  King 
and  Jeremiah  King,  doctors  of  medicine,  were  brothers 
of  his.  The  former  at  one  time  lived  in  Columbia, 
but  returned  to  Little  I'.ritain,  where  he  died.  Jere- 
nnah  retired  from  ]iractice,  an<l  went  into  the  manu- 
facture of-steel  (in  a  small  way)  and  als.,  the  makiii- 
..f  razors,  in  which  he  >.>  lar  e;;<-elleil  that  many  pei- 
.-ons    w.mld    use   n.,   other.       l-r.,nklin     Flora,   Jamc. 

tors' of  the  land  owned  by  Jamc.  King,  while  Rey- 
nolds  sold    the   other   part    of  the    Brown    survev   to 


LITtLE    BRITAIN    TOWxNSIIIP. 


furnish  a  water-power  lor  White  Rock  forge.  King's 
Briitge  Station  is  on  hm.l  n^nv  of  Franklin  Flora, 
formerly  James  King,  ami  the  name  is  derived  di- 
rectly from  him. 

Another  James  Brown,  by  warrant  nf  April  10, 
1754,  took  up  107  acres  and  allowances,  which  de- 
scended to  liisson  William,  and  from  him  to  Richard 
.Moore.  It  was  afterward  the  property  of  Levin  H. 
Jackson,  Esq.,  and  now  belongs  to  Vincent  K.  ,4le-\;- 
ander  and  others. 

James  Cowdcn,  by  virtue  of  a  warrant  dated  Nov. 
V,  17dS,  had  a  survey  made  of  112J-  acres,  which  he 
Mild  to  Juhn  Warnock,  wdio,  Dec.  16,  1772,  took  out 
a  uarnuit,  on  which  12;l  acres  additional  were  sur- 
veyed, and  tlien  sold  to  John  Hill  and  John  Gibson. 
John  Gibson  sold  to  William  Gibson,  who  divided 
with  John  Hill.  It  lies  immediately  north  of  Oak 
Hill,  e.Ntending  in  rather  a  narrow  strip  both  east  and 
west.  It  now  belongs  to  William  H.  Runner,  F.  W. 
Hickman,  David  Christie,  and  others. 

John  Crampton,  by  warrant  of  I\Iarch  1,  1737,  had 
surveyed  81^  acres  and  allowance,  called  "Cramp- 
town,"  owned  by  Samuel  Scott  in  17G8,  and  partly  in 
Fulton  since  the  divisiuii.  Now  owned  by  ilarshall 
Wright,  f^amuel  Wiiglit,  an.l  others,  east  of  Wrights- 


Jamt 

sDt 

nny,  March 

0, 

74?. 

took 

)ut  a 

patent  for 

50   acr 

•s  next   to  Willi 

tm 

CUi 

■k,  u 

illian 

I5a 

•clav, 

a  ad  JI 

itthe 

w   Atchison 

Ol 

wl 

ich,  togetl 

er  w 

ith  a 

warran 

t  for 

20  acres  n 

^.\-t 

his 

other 

land 

2.54 

acres 

were  surveyed,  and  afterwards  sold  to  John  Atchison, 
who  called  it  "  The  First  Purchase."  It  now  belongs 
to  Benjamin  ilorris,  William  H.  Wilson,  and  others, 
being  much  divided.  Also  by  warrant  of  Sept.  8, 
1749,  for  100  acres,  he  located  186  acres  about  two 
miles  west  of  the  former.  It  now  belongs  to  Sidwell 
T.  Wilson,  J.  Jliltimore  Wilson;  and  George  J.  Bock- 
ius.  Denny  sold  to  Walter  Buchanan  in  1749,  or 
shortly  afterwards.  John  Buchanan  and  Mary,  his 
wife,  and  Jean  Buchanan,  sold  to  Matthias  Yantz, 
April  22,  1795,  and  was  again  sold  to  Leonard  and 
John  Nutz,  in  1813.  These  were  now  residents,  and 
after  Indding  tlie  property  for  a  (jnarter  of  a  century, 
sold  it  for  about  three  dollars  an  acre,  or  less  than 
si.-c  luindred  dollars  for  the  tract,  i  if  course,  it  was 
very  little  improved. 

Benjamin  Dilworth  on  two  warrants,  dated  Nov.  14, 
1743,  and  Jlay  4,  1750,  had  surveyed  113,"  acres,  to 
which  he  added  36  acres  of  Alexander  Ross'  warrant 
of  Nov.  5,  1714,  iind  sold  to  William  Gibson,  April 
4,  1765,  who  patented  it  in  1787,  by  name  of"  Unity." 
It  now  belongs  to  Joseph  A.  Jamison  and  C.  C. 
f'auirman  anil  Robert  A.  Scott,  who  purchased  tlie 
remaining  [iro|)erty  of  William  Gibson,  deceased, 
gramlson  of  the  patentee,  in  1S81  or  1882.  Dilworth 
was  a  useful  nuin  in  his  day,  furnishing  means  to  those 
who  needed,   and  of  course  helping  himself  at  the 


had  1221   acres  sur 
son,  and  it  now  bel 


(•ed  ;  also  sold  to  William  Gib- 
;s  to  the  heirs  of  John  Gibson, 


.\ii" 


irth,  173  acres,  locatec 
7  12,  tor  20O  acres.  ,V 
iiuel  Dilworth,  an<l  he 
1795.  :Mason  sold  t.. 
;,    1801  ;     now    owned 


l»il- 


Hani 


Mason,  4th 

ering,  4th    mo.    S,    1801  ;    now    owned    by    William 

Witman,  Samuel  Overholt,  Robert  Wason,  and  others. 

Patrick  Ewing,  two  warrants,  dated  March  27, 
1744,  for  200  acres,  and  Sept.  8,  1749,  for  50  acres. 
These  two  warrants  cover  275  acres,  patented  to  said 
Ewing  April  22,  1788.  Part  of  it  is  now  the  property 
of  his  great-grandsou,  Alexander  Ewing,  and  the  rest 
belongs  to  ^\^ashington  Walker,  Esq.,  heirs  of  Edwin 
L.  Morgan,  and  others.  Fair  Mount  post-oflice  is  on 
this  land,  though  the  railroad  station  is  about  a  quarter 
of  a  mile  northwest.  This  is  one  of  the  few  proper- 
ties of  which  any  part  is  remaining  to  the  family  of 
the  original  possessor.  Tlie  whole  of  it  came  down 
to  the  third  generation,  and  then,  except  as  above, 
passed  away. 

John  Evans  had  two  warrants,  one  dated  April  23, 
1747,  and  the  other  Jlarch  20,  1740,  upon  which  125 
acres  were  surveyed,  partly  in  Colerain,  and  by  war- 
rant of  April  16,  1772,  86  acres  in  Little  Britain  were 
added  to  it.  He  also  became  possessed  of  the  farm 
once  owned  by  John  Allison,  and  added  to  it  nearly 
73  acres  of  the  Alexander  Foster  property  by  pur- 
chase. He  came  from  Drumore  township  (or  at  least 
that  was  the  early  seat  of  his  family),  and  was  a  man 
of  means,  investing  largely  in  land.  His  son  Robert 
became  owner  of  the  Allison  farm,  while  James  took 
possession  of  the  Octorara  location.  John  J.  Evans, 
William  W.  Evans,  and  others  own  the  former,  wdiilo 
Robert  A.  Evans  has  acquired  the* other.  James 
Evans,  the  rich  banker  of  Lancaster,  devised  it  to 
his  grand-nephew,  Jane  Evans,  son  of  W.  W.  Evans, 
from  wdiose  liands  U  jiassed  to  those  of  his  uncle, 
Robert  A.  Evans. 

Alexander  Foster  was  the  owner  of  177  acies,   by 

warrant  of  April   17,   1740,  for   1"0  acres.     His  son, 

j  John   Foster,  bc.-oiuiii-  owner  of  the  land,  sold    it, 

■■    Mrd    into   several    pieces.     In    1792, 

11   Camiibell   Mild  the  major  part  to 

Vlexander  Ewing. 

oster,  another  son  of  .Mexander  Fos- 
was  pastor  of  Upper  Octorara  and 


I  wnen    it  w,is  oivi 
^  Thomas  and  .loh 

i       Rev.  William  F 
ter,  born  in  1740, 


sai 


Ri( 


Di 


rth, 


it  ot   Sl 


174.1 


Doe  Run  churches.  Rev.  N.  W.  Sample  and  others 
studied  theology  with  him.  He  died  in  1780.  His 
eldest  son,  Samuel  B.  Foster,  was  the  firther  of  Henry 
D.  Foster,  Democratic  candidate  for  Governor  of  the 
State  in  1800.  William  1'..  Foster,  canal  comini.ssioner 
many  years  ago,  was  also  a  lineal  descendant  of  .Vlex- 
ander Foster.  The  above  land  is  now  owned  by  Kob- 
ert  Montgomery,  Alexander  ICwing,  Dr.  J.  W.  /.ell, 
and  others. 

Benjamin   Colih-y,  March   20,  ]7:i2,  took  a  warrant 
for  100  acres,  including   iiniirovements  (showing  that 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   Ct)UNTY. 


Dihvortli 
William  lived  to 


he  had  been  for  snne  time  re^^ident  there).  On  this 
warrant  150  acres  was  surveyed  adjoining  John  Alli- 
son and  William  Whiteside.  It  passed  into  other 
hand.s,  being  patented  to  Ulrich  Runner,  March  0, 
17S8,  by  name  of  "Dunkirk."  Still  rejnaining  in  the 
Runner  family,  it  is  now  the  property  of  the  lieirs  of 
Alexander,  John,  and  Samuel  Rniiner. 

William  Gibson  was  an  early  settlii'  in  tlic  Umu- 
ship.  He  appears  to  liave  owned  a  part  of  .Mi'xaiider 
Ross'  500  acres,  and  on  April  11,  1749,  apidied  for 
60  acres  adjoining  that  and  John  Jamison,  and  on 
May  24th  for  40  acres  adjoining  his  othrr  l.ind.  .folm 
Jamison,  and  Jolm  Atrhison.  This  land  lir  sold 
to  James  Jolmson,  Fel).  S,  17iiO,  and  after  iia^sin- 
through  various  hands  it  is  now  owned  by  John  \Vork's 
heirs,  James  Hand,  and  divers  others.  He  afterwards 
]jurchased  the  Dilworth  properties,  before  noticed,  and 
also  con.siderable  real  estate  east  of  Oak  Hill,  as  well 
as  a  tract  located  by  David  McComb,  adjoining  the 
Dilworth  land.  These  were  divided  between  his  two 
sons,  William  getting  the  Oak  Hill  an.l  .l(,lm  Ihe 
d.  John  died  young,  about  17''7,  whiic 
good  old  age,  added  to  liis  pos- 
sessions, and  died  about  1847,  without  direct  heirs. 
John's  i)roperty  wa.s  divided  between  his  two  sons  on 
their  coming  of  age.  William  became  involved,  and 
his  property  was  bought  by  his  Uncle  WiHiam  of  ( ):ik 
Hill,  who  sutlered  him  .still  to  remain  on  it  lill  lii-  own 
death,  in  1847,  when  it  was  confirmed  to  William,  Jr., 
who  held  it  lill  his  .I.Mth,  :.liout  two  years  ago,  when 
it  was  sold  to  C.  C.  CauHniaii  and  Kobe 
John  added  to  his  |.ossessions  by  ind.wtr; 
omy,  and  his  estate  still  remains  to  his 
ten  years  he  held  the  position  ol'  a  magistrate. 

Stephen  Giffin  held  379  acres  by  warrant  f.r  laO 
acres,  dated  April  10,  1754.  It  .seems  he  did  not  li..ld 
it  very  long,  for  in  and  about  1772  we  lind  it  in  the 
hands  of  David  Ale.vander  and  others.  It  now  be- 
longs to  J(din  Havtini^s,  Aliraham  Morris,  .lo^eph 
Graver,  Thomas  Wilson,  and  several  .ithers. 

I,  by  warrant  of  March  2u,  1749,  for 
275  acres  surveyed  next  to  William 
He  seems  to  have  sold  this  at  an  early 
another  location  in  what  is  now  Ful- 
diere  the  family  achieved  distinction, 
B  of  them  still  reside.  This  property 
dilferent  hands,  was  sold  to  Abraham 
Hess,  and  divided  among  his  children.  Now  owned 
by  James  A.  Kyle,  Edgar  ^Vitman,  heirs  of  Alexan- 
der Runner,  deceased,  and  others. 

Thomas  Hughes,  by  warrant  of  Oct.  3,  1741,  Ibr  .'lOO 
acres,  took  up  a  large  tract  on  Octorara  Creek,  returned 
452  acres,  but  on  a  resurvey  was  found  to  contain 
G28  acres  and'allowaiices,  owing  to  a  vast  bend  in  the 
creek.  It  was  p.-ilented  to  Thomas,  Elisha,  and  Deb- 
orah Hughes,  children  of  Thomas  Hughes,  Sept.  2, 
1754.  It  may  he  that  none  of  these  resided  on  the 
property.  Kaelnd  llo^'hes,  a  daughter  .,f  Klish.i 
Hughe.,  married    Ko-er   Kirk,  an.l  to  him   the   looo- 


A.  Scott, 
nnl  eeon- 
eirs.     For 


James  Hani 
150  acres,  hail 
Montgomery, 
day,  and  takei 
ton  township, 
and  where  son 
ijassed  througl 


from  Manuel  Reynoli 
Failing  in  business, 
brother,  Jacob  Kiik, 
They  were  l"ill;  eate 
eo.nuumity,  none  the 
failed.  Jaeob  appeal 
judgment  :nul  lioo.I  : 
building  of  the  bri, 
known  by  the  name 
strnment 


erty  was  conveyed  in  1782.  After  his  death,  in  1800, 
it  was. divided  between  his  two  sons,  Timothy  and 
Jacob    Kirk,   the  former   obtaining  the  western  and 

smalle»  division,  u| which   he  (iroceeded  to  build 

the  original  of  what  is  now  known  as  Kirk's  Mills. 
The  first  w'ls  a  elover-miU  with  other  attachments,  a 
ipiaiter  of  a  mile  lower  down  the  stream  tlmn  the 
present  laige-  gi  ist-inill.  for  this  purpose,  and  to  se- 
cure the  water-power,  he  purchased  a  piece  of  land 
This  mill   is  now  in  ruins. 

)  built  the  grist-mill  above. 
1;  enterprising  men  and  useful  to  the 
lie  the  less  so  from  one  of  them  having 
api^ears  to  have  been  a  man  of  extra 
Liood  ability.  He  superintended  the 
u-  IjiidL'e  over  (Jctorara  Creek,  still 
name  of  Kirk's  Bridge,  had  been  in- 
procuring  its  erection,  and  was  active 
in  securing  an  improvement  in  the  location  and  con- 
dition of  the  roads  in  the  vicinity.  He  sold  off  some 
portions  of  the  large  farm  above  described,  and  left 
the  remainder  thereof  to  his  children.  He  died  Aug. 
25,  1841.  This  pro|)erty  is  now  divided  into  se\eral 
fine  farms,  and  now  belongs  to  Levi  Kirk,  Lewis  J. 
Kirk,  Abner  C.  Wood,  William  Pennell,  and  others. 

.lohn  Hunter,  by  wan.iiit  of  .\pril  11,  1749,  for  lOO 
acres,  secured  l:;i  acres,  which,  five  years  after,  he 
sold  to  Joseph  Reynolds,  whose  administrators  con- 
veyed to  .roliii    Unwell,  May  12,  176G,  he  having  pre- 

the  same  date  assured  the  pro|)erty  to  Henry  Reyimlds 
anil  Samuel  llrown,  and  the  latter,  by  release  of 
March  29,  ]77'.i,  obtained  a  clear  right  to  the  whole. 

the  [iremises. 

.lolm  Jamison,  one  among  the  earliest  settlers, 
having  purchased  the  right  of  Alexander  Ross,  under 
a  warrant  dated  No^.  5,  1714,  took  up,  by  warrant  of 
March  4,  1742,  142  acres  adjoining.  John  Jamison 
appears  to  have  Inid  three  sons, — John,  William,  and 
Samuel.  To  John  he  transferred  a  part  of  his  said 
land,  and  he  dying  without  issue,  left  it  to  his  witlow 
Susanna,  who 'conveyed  that  [.art  to  her  husband's 
two   brothers,   Samuel    and  William,      .lohn    Allison 

ileeeased,  sold  the  western  part  of  the  whole  tract  to 
William  (iibs.in,  Nov.  20,  1751,  tig  before  referred  to. 
(Sec  William  Gibson)  William  and  Samuel  appear 
to  have  divided  the  remainder   between  them.     Sam- 


ilso 


Wi 


and  Margaret  I\I 
dier),  Sept.  18,  1 
subdivided.  Wi 
.\llison,.Inly  2S, 


f 

208   , 

cres. 

made  foi 

t 

le  sai 

le  to 

the  use  ot 

with 

Cath 

arine,   his 

\ 

iril  3,1771 

Sauuie 

,( 

■rem 

ah  I!i 

own  (s.ei 

■1 

it  w 

as  di 

vided   am 

lortg; 

g-ed  1 

is  to  Join 

w 

hole 

lasse 

1  from  the 

\- 

.s^: 

iiiuel 

Jamison 

LITTI.E    BRITAIN    TOWNSHIP. 


great-gnindsou  of  the  first  John  Jamison,  afterward 
jjurchased  from  Jacob  Garber  about  45  acres  (part  of 
the  142  acres),  which  is  now  in  the  hands  of  his 
daugliters,  and  is  all  that  is  now  in  tlie  name  of  the 
large  possessions  of  their  ancestor.  The  wliole  tract 
as  now  divided  is  held  by  Henry  C.  Wood,  Jonathan 
I'ickering,  Robert  Hill,  J.  Franklin  Paxson,  Esq. 
I  heirs  of  James  S.  Pa.vsou],  Isaac  Wilson,  and  very 
many  others,  the  daughters  of  Samuel  Jamison  among 
tliem.  Joseph  C.  Jamison,  Est].,  held  a  part  of  it  for 
many  years,  but  he  sold  it  to  Howard  C'oates  (who 
now  holds  it)  and  others,  and  purchased  elsewhere  in 
tlie  township.  He  held  the  office  of  justice  of  the 
peace  for  ten  years,  retiring  in  1879. 

Jannet  Jamison  held  109]  acrcb  by  warrant  of  April 
14,  1742,  which  she  sold  to  William  Jami-un,  ul)()ve 
named,  and  which  he  jnortgaged  to  John  Allison,  as 
above  stated.     She  was  probably  a  sister  of  John. 

John  Johnson,  by  virtue  of  two  patents,  dated  re- 
spectively Nov.  19,  1764,  and  Feb.  28,  1773,  became 
possessed  of  3G4  acres  and  55  perches  of  land  in  Little 
Britain  (including  a  warrant  for  20  acres  next  to  his 
other  land  and  James  Hamilton),  nf  whirli  he  sold 
60  acres  to  his  son,  Robert  Johnsim,  ami  left  the  re- 
mainder to  his  son  James,  who,  on  May  21,  1812, 
obtained  a  patent  fur  U'lJ  acres  adiiitional,  and  on 
April  27,  1840,  sold  it  to  his  nephew,  John  Johnson, 
son  of  his  brother,  Alexander  Johnson.  Robert's  50 
acres  became  the  property  of  George  Ketzer  (with 
other  land),  and  now  belongs  to  John  Johnson,  Jr., 
James  Ketzer  (grandson  of  George),  and  Margaret  A. 
Clendenin.  George  Ketzer  came  to  the  neighborhood 
as  farmer  for  Joseph  Swift  about  1772,  and  did  well  lor 
his  employer  and  himself  He  improved  the  Swift 
farm  to  a  good  degree,  and  by  industr\'  and  economy 
secured  the  means  of  purcliasing  land  for  himself, 
upon  which  he  died  in  a  good  old  age,  honored  and 
respected.  John  Johnson,  now  well  advanced  in 
years,  still  holds  the  land  sold  him  by  his  uncle  over 
forty  years  ago,  and  has  im])roved  it  and  added  to  it. 
James  Johnson  was  for  many  years  an  acting  justice 
of  the  peace,  and  in  that  cajiacity  attested  many 
writings  which  still  exi-t  in  the  county.  James 
Hamilton,  referred  to,  owued  the  land  to  the  north  of 
Johnson  now  owned  by  ."-^amlns  McCulloiigh,  of  Ox- 
ford, who  is  a  great-grandsiiii  of  l-aac  Saiulrr^,  lCs(|., 
formerly  of  Drumore  townNhip,  a  man  nf  note  in  his 
day,  and  a  worthy  magistrate. 

Robert  Lewis  held  a  tract  of  206  acres  on  both  sides 
of  Octorara  Creek,  to  which  he  added  a  smaller  tract, 
in  1750,  of  32]  acres,  and  sold  both  to  James  and 
Jw.rph  llewes,  Aug.  5,  1758,  who  sold  ten  >eai..  h.ier 
to  John  Hamilton,  who  in  ei-lit  year-  scjld  to  John 
.Mel'herson,  who  in  turn  sold  lo  Lau-liliii  .McNeal,..!' 
Jamaica,  in  1786.  Tlie  la-t  re>i.lid  on  tii..  pioi,e,iy 
and  carried  on  a  grist-mill  there,  yhieli  i,  Ntill  in  ex- 
istence. He  was  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Inde- 
pendence. George  H.  Hewes  and  Mary  Thomas,  now 
living  in  Fulton  township,  are  grandchildren  of  his. 


Tiie  property  was  sold  by  the  sheriff  to  Francis  Bailey 
in  1787,  became  the  property  of  Samuel  Clendenin  in 
1811,  ajul  of  Joseph  Pierce  at  a  later  day.  It  is  now 
the  property  of  Adam  llarkness  and  others. 

James  McAfee  had  two  tracts  of  land  in  Little 
Britain,  one  of  221  acres  directly  at  Oak  Hill  by 
■warrant  of  Jan.  26,  1743,  socJn  after  sold  to  Thomas 
Hill,  in  whose  family  it  partly  remains.  A  part  of  it 
was  at  one  time  owned  by  Alexander  Fulton,  a  near 
relative  of  Robert  Fulton,  the  inventor.  This  tract 
is  now  owned  by  Thomas  Furniss,  Wilson  Hill,  and 
divers  others.  His  other  tract,  containing  144  acres, 
was  surveyed  on  a  warrant  dated  Feb.  29, 1740,  for  50 
acres,  including  his  improvement,  and  lies  on  Octorara 
Creek.  It  was  sold  Jan.  24,  1753,  to  James  Fulton, 
probably  an  uncle  to  the  inventor,  and  after  passing 

I  through  various  hands,  it  was  sold,  April  1,  1793,  to 
William  Pennell,  whose  grandson,  John  J.  Pennell, 
now  holds  it. 

Andrew  McDowell  had  95  acres  surveyed  on  Octo- 
rara Creek  immediately  below  Kirk's  Bridge,  after- 
ward the  property  of  Benjamin  Hough.  It  became 
the  property  of  Tiiomas  Kimble,  who  owned  it   for 

I  many  years,  and  at  his  death  left  it  to  his  son,  Sam- 
uel J.  Kimble,  who,  however,  coidd  not  hold  it.  It 
has  lately  been  offered  tor  sale  by  David  M.  Taylor 
and  Han.son  H.  Haines,  ca-hiers  of  two  banking 
institutions. 

Daniel  McFarlin,  by  warrant  of  June  25,  1745, 
located  116  acres  near  the  west  corner  of  the  present 
township.  He  died  shortly  after,  and  it  was  sold  to 
James  Patterson,  to  whom  it  was  resurveyed  in  1755. 
It  has  passed  through  many  hands,  been  added  to 
and  divided,  and  is  now  tlie  i-roperty  of  Ralph  G. 
Clendenin,  Robert  J:iek-oii,  an<I  other.-. 

Malcomb  McMiehael,  on  a  warrant  dated  March 
29,  1759,  for  50  acres,  had  ISO  acres  surveyed  to  the 
east  of  Oak  Hill  and  immediately  adjoining  it,  "sit- 
uate in  the  barrens,  rd)out  a  mile  northwest  of  Octo- 
rara Creek."     "This  tract  is  thin  land,  and  scarce  of 


wood  and  w 
the  survey. 


.-^ueli  are  the  remarks  indorsed  on 
land  now  seems  as  good  as  any  in 
iiid  heavy  timber  has  been  cut  from 
iid-i  early,  became  the  property  of 
ho  held  it  many  years  with  little 
at  his  diath  it  was  disposed  of  in 
e-tate.  It  now  belongs  to  David 
Xaih.in    Haines,  deceased,  heirs  of 


las  M,,ntL'. 
April  11,1 


Campbell 


for   10(1    iicres, 
lining  Anthony 


7.S7,  Rebecca 
impbell,  and 


942 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


J:imes  Campbell  sold  i);irt  of  siiid  tnict  to  TIioukis 
ratterson,  while  the  other  purl  was  sold  to  Hohort 
Johnson,  who  sold  to  George  Retzer.  Margaret  Ck-n- 
denin,  James  Retzer,  John  Johnson,  Jr.,  and  John 
L.  Patterson  now  own  tlie  whole  tract  in  separate  di- 
visions. Thomas  Patterson,  grandlather  of  John  L. 
Patterson,  was  a  ste|)-s()n  of  Tlionias  .Montfromery, 
his  father,  James  Patterson,  havin-  married  Mont- 
gomery's widow. 

William  Montgomery  held  1521  acres  by  warrant 
of  Aug.  28,  1752,  for  100  acres,  now  the  property  of 
George  J.  Bockins.  David  Montgomery,  who  for 
many  years  was  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  Little  Brit- 
ain township,  was  a  grandson  of  his,  and  resided 
within  the  present  limits  of  the  township,  while  his 
]irogenitor  resided  where  Thomas  R.  Neel  now  lives, 
in  what  is  now  Fulton  township,  then  Little  Bri- 
tain. 

James  Patterson  is  said  to  have  settled  in  Little 
Britain  as  early  as  1729.  He  was,  no  doubt,  a  prac- 
tical advocate  of  the  doctrine  of  "squatter  sover- 
eignty," as  his  location  of  lands  only  took  place 
April  11,  1749,  for  312.i  acres,  to  which  he  afterwards 
made  several  additions.  His  son,  James  Patterson,  Jr., 
was  a  lieutenant  in  Col.  Watson's  battalion  in  1777, 
and  was  at  the  battle  of  Brandywine.  T.  Miller 
Patterson,  his  great-grandson,  now  owns  a  part  of 
ihe  farm  which  constituted  the  original  settlement. 
The  family  has  been  prominent  in  the  atiiiirs  of  the 
neighborhood.  Thomas  Patterson,  father  of  T.  Mil- 
ler and  John  Tj.,  was  commissioner  from  1845  to 
1848,  and  is  credited  with  procuring  the  passage  of 
the  act  of  Assembly  which  requires  the  neighbor- 
hood in  which  a  bridge  is  applied  for  to  raise  one- 
third  the  cost  of  its  construction  before  the  com- 
missioners need  apply  the  county  funds  to  that 
])urpose.  This  act  applies  only  to  Lancaster  County. 
The  original  Patterson  farm,  with  its  additions,  now 
belongs  to  John  L.  Patterson,  Thomas  M.  Patterson, 
Samuel  S.  Snodgrass,  Samuel  E.  Fairlamb,  and  some 
others. 

Margaret  Reed,  by  survey  of  Dec.  13,  1752,  held 
about  238  acres,  and  then  married  Robert  JlcCorkle, 
who  added  15:,'  acres  liy  warrant  of  ]May  1,  1757. 
They  sold  to  Stephen  Heard,  March  11,  1703,  who 
ten  years  after  added  41  acres,  100  perches,  on  the 
north  side,  and  sold  ofi'  about  20  acres  on  the  west 
end,  and  conveyed  the  balance  to  John  IMcCullough, 
April  7,  1788,  who  scdd  to  Alexander  Johnson,  JIarch 
8,  1800.  It  is  now  the  jnoperty  of  James  Retzer, 
heirs  of  George  W.  Clendenin,  James  T.  Clendenin, 
and  others.  These  Cleiuleiiins  are  grandchildren  of 
James  Clendenin,  who  was  a  ilniiiiiiicr  in  the  I!evo- 
lutionary  aririy,  in  whii 
tceiUh  year,  lie  Vu  -  i 
burying--r.mnd  atlarhc 
and  a  nhiiri  marble  slah 


erred  ...  the  Presbyterian 
to  Little  Brit.iin  Church, 
ears  testimony  to  his  early 


■atr.oti 
AWx; 


has  been  already  mentioned  as  locating  500  acres  of 
land,  which  he  sold  to  John  Jamison  in  1725,  his 
warrant  dating  Nov.  5,  1714.  Nothing  more  need 
now  be«said  of  him  nor  of  the  Reynolds',  who  were 
mentioned  in  the  same  connection. 

John  Sidwell  obtained  a  wari-ant  for  land  formerly 
granted  to  Josiah  Piiine,  upon  his  non-compliance, 
where  two  tracts  wei-e  located.  One  of  them  is  now 
possessed  by  Charles  Fell,  and  the  other  by  Abner 
Carter. 

Isaac  Walker  held  a  jiatent  for  425  acres  near  the 
eastern  boundary  of  Little  Britain  ;  patent  dated 
Sept.  3,  17G7.  He  devised  150  acres  to  his  son  Wal- 
ter, and  the  balance  to  his  son  James.  In  addition 
to  the  patented  lands,  James  held  three  other  warrants 

of  a  hiter  date, — one  to  Isaac  Walker,  one  to  

Walker,  and  one  to  James  Walker,  and  s.iid  to  con- 
tain 36  acres.  The  hitter  one  now  belongs  to  James 
A.  McMichael,  and  the  rest  of  the  tract  to  Simpson 
Preston,  Benjamin  Furniss,  Robert  A.  Evans,  Enos 
Penriek's  heirs,  and  others.  None  of  it  now  belongs 
to  the  name  of  Walker. 

William  Whiteside,  Sept.  17,  1744,  took  out  a  war- 
rant for  300  acres,  and  May  28,  1747,  a  warrant  for 
an  addition  of  30  acres  near  his  other  land.  On  these 
he  h:id  275  acres  surveyed,  which  by  will  dated  Sept. 
20,  1748,  he  devised  to  his  two  sons,  Thomas  and 
Abraham,  as  tenants  in  common,  who  afterwards 
divided,  Abraham  obtaining  the  northern,  Thomas 
the  southern  part.  Abi-aham  devised  to  his  son  John, 
who  sold  to  Robert  Black  April  20,  180G.  Thomas' 
part  became  the  property  of  Robert  Roberts,  was 
sold  by  the  sheriff  to  Abraham  Whiteside,  and  by 
him  to  Casper  S.ieider,  who  sold  to  Ulric  Runner. 
It  became  the  property  of  Thoniiis  Whiteside,  after 
whose  decease  it  was  confirmed  to  Robert  Black,  in 
right  of  his  wife  Isabella,  who  was  a  member  of  the 
Whiteside  family.  Abraham  Whiteside  was  a  justice 
of  the  peace  for  yeajs,  and  stood  high  in  the  com- 
munity. Robert  Black's  grandchildren  now  hold  the 
pioperty,  and  are  descend.mts  in  a  direct  line  from 
Williai.i  Whiteside,  the  original  possessor. 

ASSESSMENT-ROLL   FOK   LITTLE   BltlTAIN,    1703. 

.•1  Ta-r  im-  ll,t  Knig'a  I  sj. 

"  Lancaster,  S3. 
"Tij  Cliir.s  MlDCAl.F,  Colhctorof  LiUU  llrilain  Tointaliip: 


"  But  if  you  Ciiliiiot  niuut  with  tlio  I'elsou  uf  whom  Bl 
iiiJo,  leave  Notice  in  Wriling  wi'h  eoni"  of  Iho  Family, 
I  thi'ir  last  Al'iode,  rlfMifyiiit;  ll"'  Pay  of  Appeal,  nt  \vl 


!  Tenth 


Dec,  An 


nori. 


R<) 


ips 


■lit,  but 


LITTLE    BRITALV   TOWNSHIP. 


U  ,   Hfrd,  EJwnid.. 


Fi-eeiiieii  in  Little  Britain  townsliip  in  1763,  wlio 
were  eiieli  assessed  nne  pound  sterling:  John  Bradey, 
Humphrey  Atchison,  S(jlonion  Jlaxel,  Daniel  Kula- 
han,  Arthur  Penoway,  Thomas  Rowen,  Joseph  Reed, 
John  Brabson,  Samuel  Cunningham,  John  Dugal, 
James  McClean,  Jolin  Cristofer,  Nicholas  ('oilman, 
John  Hamilton. 

The  total  amount  of  the  king's  tax  for  this  year 
was  £94  ISs.  (3(/. 


TAXA13LES 
Alexander,  Robert 


LITTLE  BRITAIN    IN    1700. 


KON'-ASSueiATORS,  1777, 


SrEi'iiiN  lltiiR,  Colttclor  of  Liltlc  IlrUain  Toinuhip. 
V   '1  I  ■i;i,L-    -li'  '"1"!  Oullt'Ltor  of  the  within  Taxes,  are  bereliy  re- 
'  ■  ■  '       I'ursuns  within  mi-ntioned,  tlie  Beveral  Sums, 

'^         '      ■  liuged;  But  if  any  tliink  ttieniselvea  agrievej 

I  "l"l  l!"j  u.,  i.i.l.y  ruled,  aciiiiaint  tliein  tliut  tlie  Day  ufApiieal 
16  Twfuly  Nintli  Hay  of  Septenihur  ue.tt  at  the  Court  House  in  tlie 
jugh  of  Luncualer:  But  if  you  cannot  meet  witli  Persons,  of  wlioni 
land  is  to  be  m.ade,  leave  Notice  in  Writing  with  some  of  the  Family, 
t  the  Place  of  their  last  Abode,  signifying  the  Day  of  Appeal,  at 
ch  Time  you  are  to  attend  with  this  Duplicate,  and  the  Names  of 
1  Non-.\ssociator8,  in  your  District,  us  you  And  omitted  heridu.  Fail 
at  your  Peril.     Dated  the  21  Day  of  august  ad.  1777. 

"Tilo"  Cl.irk, 


id  J. 


McKiney 

laslOM , 

McWo'de.'.'.' 
Hardy'.'.'."!'. 


Hooper,  RoLurt 


3  10      William  Anderson 3  10 

3  10      William  Frell 3  10 

3  10  '   Ri.I.ert  Dunn 3  10 

3  10  ,  J.uii,.<.>Ullv.,in 3  10 

;i  1"       I'  '         ''     ^1;              3  10 

3  1"       I                     V  .       -h.  Id 3  10 

3  1"        I            -   .•        ■     :i      3  10 

3  1"        I            l:                      3  10 

3  III        I            i          •       ■          3  10 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUiNTY. 


A 

Gerliurd,  Jlaltluas 

Gluv,.r,llngU 

ail,l,rUt..l>,n,..3 ; 

luu 

175 
■J7G 

M 

Dow, 

,  William... 
el,  William.. 

S5 

1811 

kinds  of  work  connected  with  an  establishment  of 
tills  kind.  After  Kinsey's  death,  the  establishment 
was  converted  into  a  spoke-niill  carried  on  by  Ben- 

Giid^ri8t?wiiii"mZ::;z;;:; 

Greicler,  Jacub  mid  lUrtiri 

5U      M 

■.'.'.'.■."".■.v.  275 

jamin  B. 'Phillips  and   Hiram   Wilson,  and  is   now 

GrisI,  IMwar.l 

.;;!..'..'."!.'  .siio 

changed   again   into  a   saw-mill,  oivned   by  Samutl 

Gulachir,  Jiiiiiis 

Henry,  G-..,,-.. 

Ilfnrv.  W  lilL.iii 

HcM.M.r,'.           

Ila„l,,h,   1,:    ■- 

]'."'      \] 

'', 

,:'^E;;; !"" 

Oonard.  All  the  houses  constituting  the  village  were 
built  on  the  land  originally  owned  by  the  Kinseys. 
So  prolitalile  was  the  business  (lone  by  them  in  the 

H.'.ln.-..  l;.'.'l.'a,ii,.l  J.u..o,...>. 
llalk-.i.   .\.r.n.: 

jLm!'\ui,!,Iu'i'i"...'.V.'.'.V.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.".".'. 

j6nk'h\s,'x'arhai;iaV."'.'.'.!!!;!;.'.' 

Junatun,  .Iain,-B 

Ki.,E,     Ja.n.i,      living      « itl 
Tll..M,;is 

Kf.-l,jii-li    li.-.iil 

15IJ 
350 

r, 

V- 
!■,' 

r 

:::■;'' 

',llM.,. 

..'.'!!;;".;;!  28s 

211(1 

200 

nu2 

-'.'.".'.'.;.'.".'.'  175 
511 

commencement  of  their  career  that  the  work  done 
for  Samuel  Carter  alone,  from  whom  they  purchased 
tlie  property,  was  sufficient  to  pay  the  purchase  money 
in  a  little  over  ten  years.  Carter  had,  by  request  of 
John  Kinsey,  looked  out  a  situation  suitable  for  the 
business,  and  bought  the  property  for  them,  and  at 
the  end  of  ten  years  cdiiveyed  to  them,   very  little 

Ki.,;:,Th'.iM-       

Kuig.   \i:     'M      

KiiMhley,  'j.iliii....'. 

':; 

K 

i:'„';r 

'm,  I. ..v.". 

.'"." .°  160 

llKJ 

150 

money  passing  between  them,  the  work  paying  nearly 
the  whole. 

Kirk's  Mills,  next  above,  on   the  same  stream,  is 

Kiieislej,  Michael 

Keef,  KuLeit 

Lloyil,  Thon.as 

LoMK,  J"ln, 

Lcacli,  Willi, ,111     

;',,,„ ;■ 

301) 

the  result  of   the   enter|irise  of  Timothy,  and   after- 

..■.■.V.V.'.'.'.'.' 236 

ward  of  Jacob,  Kirk.  It  embraces  the  extensive 
mills  of  Lewis  J.  Kirk,  a  store,  and  post-otBce,  and 

Liun,  .Imi,i, 

Slcfli-.u.    .i"liii 

'■ 

;;;■' 

[■■'^^ 

;;.".!..."  liii 

is  near  to  Eastland  Friends'  meeting,  where  is  also 

JU-CI(l,,n,l    |.,,M.,, 

McO„,k.>.lli..l.             

Molilt-u.ii.iv      \Vi,l,,,iii 

';'■ 

iV,'.i:, 

51(1 

170 

25(1 

a  considerable  number  of  dwellings,   which   really 

11;  .'\i 

.".'imieV.'.;:::; 

constitute  a  part  of  the  village  of  Kirk's  Mills.    The 

JICKIIHV,   .1,111,, 

Mut.-i,,  .1,1,,.!, 

McCiiiil.,  li.,vi,l  

McDowel,  Janus 

J| 

J'":: 

".'Alexai',,!,'' 

l:t5 

o73 

school-house  which  accinnmodates  the  neighborhood 
is  located  between  the  mill  and  the  meeting-house.  . 

ilcllow.i;  James,  Luke,  anU 

Michael 

Jliilcalf,  Abram 

Money,  William 

SIcCreary,  J-inicci 

1611 
250 

liJ'J 

'.;'.!!'."'..;!  1.50 
3^10 

:::;:::::::  ]^5 

Elim. — Passing  northward  about  two  miles,  we 
reach  the  village  of  Elim,  on  what  is  called  the 
Christiana  road,  leading  from  Peach  Bottom  to  Wil-- 

McCreary,  Snniuel 

2l!l 
79 
156 
3:18 

ii 

Y, 

u'l'ig,  1 

,Lu..'.'..'...'... 

::::;::;:::  20" 

mington.  Here  is  a  post-office,  a  store,  a  blacksaiith- 
and  a  wheelwright-shop,  a  dentist's  office,  and  at  a 
convenient  distance,  a  public  school-house.  These, 
with  dwellings  sufficient  for  the  accommodation  of 

McOreaiy,  J..Iim 

McKiiiK,  Fatriik 

Milcliell,  Siunniil 

M.Spaion,  James 

Mil.-s,  Jonas 

SIcDuwel,  Thomas 

jis  1  ■ 

the  business  of  the  place,  were  all  erected   on    the 

Thumai,  Hill. 
Junieb  King. 

Frt.me, 

Will 
Join 
Jose 

Linn. 
,li  Walker. 

land  of  J.  F.  Paxson,  Est-].,  and  largely  through  his 
enterprise  and  busine.ss  ability. 

Oak  HiU,— A  mile  and  a  half  east  of  Elim  is  Oak 

Tli.imas  Morny. 
bamiifl  Iteagh. 
Andrew  Wiilker. 
Robert  Galaspey. 
Oliver  Gahhvell. 
John  Gass. 

Fraiici.  Henry. 
Nathan  Breading. 
Neel  I,..t-aii. 
Vincent  Stiil.Ls. 
William  Homes. 
Davi,l  rarinichaell. 
Al.xaiiiler  McNito. 

Uenjiimin  (Voso. 
Edward  Earl. 
Tlionms  Ciimble. 
James  Gribben. 
Caspar  Figart. 

J. dm  N,-sl,eI. 
William  Jonslon 
Jnliies  I'atterson 
Hugh  Joiiston. 

Hugh  Weir. 
J,ihu  Dundu. 
llavl.l  Braiden. 

Hill,  the  political  centre  of  the  township,  where  all 
the  public  business  is,transacted.  Here  the  elections 
are  held,  here  the  school  directors  liold  their  meet- 
ings, here  the  towiishi|j  auditors  and  assessors  meet 
ibr  the  settlement  of  their  alfairs,  and  here  the  town- 
ship books  are  kept.  It  contains  a  large  hotel  for  the 
entertainment  of  strangers,  the  only  one  in  the  town- 
ship, a  store-house  (not  now  occupied),  a  spoke-mill, 
a  blacksmith-shop,  and  a  public  school-house  at  a 
convenient  distance.  Tlie  Imtel  at  this  place  has 
long  been  occupied  as  Mich,  but  the  present  building 

Andre^v  Sliarara. 

I.-<aa 

Walker. 

was  erected  by  Jonathan   Hamilton  not  very   many 

The  township  has  w 

ithin  it 

slin 

its  sever; 

1  villages, 

years  ago.     At  cii.'  time  there  were  two  stores  in  the 

none  of  them   hirge,  1 

ut  serving 

by   tlieir 

generally 

place,  but  there  was  not  business  enough  to  sustain 

tliriving  coiiilitioii  to 

sliow  tl 

e  pr 

-spenty  t 

lat  reigns 

both,  and  one  was  soon  discontinued.     The  improve- 

ill the  ciiiiiitry  Jirniinil 

ment  of  the  place  owes  its  start  to  Joseph  C.  Taylor, 

Kinseyville,  in  ili 

IntnUs  01    Kaecooi,    Hi 

e   extrt 

was 

soUtll,    lit 
built   U| 

s   on    the 
by  Abel 

who  kept  th"e  store  over  half  a  century  ago,  and  this 
was  continued  by  Jonathan  Hamilton,  who  succeeded 

Kiiisey  in  tlie  course 

jf  a  loi 

g  ai 

d  useful 

life.     He 

him,  and  in  connection  with  John  Kirk,  Jr.,  gave  it 

came  to  the   neighborhood  with 

his  father  in  1801, 

an  impetus  that  carried  it  up  to  its  present  state. 

where   they  built   a    1 

roe   bl 

leksi 

,itli-sho| 

and   tilt- 

Ashville.-About  a    mile  and    a    half  n.il-theast   of 

luimnier,  and  earried  t 

1    t 

-xteii 

sive  bu.ii 

less  in  all 

Oak   Hill  is  a  place  known  by  the  name  of  Ashville, 

LITTLK    BRITAIN  TOWNSHIP. 


so  called  from  Phineas  Ash,  a  man  who  once  iilled  an 
important  place  in  public  estimation,  whose  rcsideiK-e  ' 
was  here.  He  was  once  esteemed  wealthy,  held  con- 
siderable property,  and  was  well  to  do,  but  lailiui;  to 
retain  his  positioi\  ended  his  days  by  suicide.  lOhvdod 
H.  Paxson  started  a  store  here  thirty  years  -j'n,  or 
more,  and  u;is  Micvcdrd  by  Joseph  C.  Tayli.i,  lur- 
mcrly  of  Oak  Hill,  who  added  considerably  lo  thr 
importance  of  the  place.  It  contains,  beside  the  store 
(now  carried  on  by  William  O.  Patton),  a  whecdwright- 
shop,  and  a  meeting-house,  originally  bu ilt  by  Friends, 
but  now  under  Pre^llyterian  control.  The  place  is 
still  iniiiroving. 

Oak  Shade— Spring  Hill.— Two  miles  northwest 
of  Ashville,  and  like  it,  on  what  is  called  the  "  Gat- 
chell  road,"  is  Oak  Shade,  formerly  a  store  and  post- 
otfice,  both  of  which  are  now  discontinued,  and  only 
a  blacksmith-shop  remaining,  unless  we  go  about  half 
a  mile  west,  where  a  wheelwright-shop  and  the  )>rin- 
cipal  part  of  the  ]iopulation  is  located,  but  which  now 
aspires  to  the  name  of  S|)riiig  Hill,  so  called  from  an 
extra  strong  spring  of  water  flowing  out  to  the  north- 
ward of  the  i)lace,  which  issitualedon  theliill  above  it, 

Fairmount. — Something  over  a  mile  northwest  of 
Oak  Shade,  and  still  on  the  Gatchell  road,  is  Fair- 
mount,  a  new  and  growing  place,  at  the  crossing  of 
the  above  road  with  the  Quarryville  and  Oak  Hill 
road.  Here  is  a  general  store,  a  post-olfice,  and  a 
blacksmith-shop,  as  well  as  a  public  school-house, 
and  a  station  on  the  I'each  Bottom  Railroad  within 
easy  distance.  It  may  be  interesting  to  know  that 
the  Gatchell  road,  mentioned  in  many  old  writings, 
and  still  held  in  the  memory  of  the  older  peoi)le,  was 
laid  out  a  century  or  more  ago  from  McCall's  Ferry 
on  the  Susiluehanna  River  (or  some  point  in  that 
direction)  to  Gatchell's  mills  on  Elk  Creek,  in  Chester 
County,  for  the  purpose,  as  tradition  has  it,  of  convey- 
ing wheat  from  York  County  for  the  supply  of  those 
mills.  Its  location  has  been  in  many  parts  very  ma- 
terially altered,  but  it  is  still  a  leading  road. 

White  Rock  and  Pine  Grove  were  important 
places  in  the  |ialmy  days  of  the  iron  interest  in  jdaecs 
remote  from  public  conveyances;  but  since  hauling 

ti've  iii  ..uch  placvs,  llic  c'chues  of  the  forgc-hamm,  r 
have  died  away  on  the  a.lj. lining  hills,  and  the  water- 
power  that  drove  them  is  now  lying  dormant,  till  mhhc 
other  growing  industry  shall  utilize  them  again  and 
make  them  vocal  with  the  hum  of  industry.  There 
is  too  much  power  in  the  waters  of  the  Octorara  to 
sutler  them  always  to  run  oceanward  without  giving 
motion  to  some  kind  of  machinery  that  shall  con- 
tribute to  the  comfort  of  nnin  and  add  to  the  wcallli 
of  the  nation.  Vegetation  now  grows  rank  wIilic 
once  the  waters  cov<'rcd  the  earth  in  obedience  to  the 
mandates  of  scientilic  industry,  and  where,  without 
doubt,  they  will  be  again  accumulated  for  pur])oses 

ilar  in  nature,  though  dilhTiu-,  iMahaiis,  very  widelv 


uises'lor  gran 
lere.     Pine  G 


White  Rock  now  de- 
roiii  being  a  Station  on 


Post-Offiees.— The  iH„t-<. dices  of  the  township  have 

all   becJi   named   in  >pcaking  of  its  villages  or  other- 

;  wise.     Kirk's  Mills    post-olhce   is   kept  in    the  store 

i  at  Kirk's  ]\Iills.    Oak  Hill  post-oflice  was  located  in 

I  the  store  at   that   place.     Little    Britain    i)ost-ofKce, 

I  as  originally  located,  was  at  Gibson's  Cross-Roads, 

and    was   kept   in   a  wheelwright-shop  belonging  to 

.  John  Gibson,  Esq.,  but  on  his  death  was  removed  to 

1  the  village  of  Elim,   where  it  still  remains.     Fair- 

j  mount  post-office,  established  on  the  discontinuance 

I  of  Oak  Shade,  is  at  the  store  of  that  name,  and  is 

supplied  from  the  railroad. 

King's  Bridge  and  S]u-uce  Grove  po^t-offices  are 
respectively  at  the  stations  so  named,  and  are  sup- 
plied by  the  railroad,  the  mail  being  received  daily. 

Schools.— Little   Britain  accepted  the  free  school 

system  in  1837,  and  has  continued  it  ever  since  with- 

j  out  interruption.     At   that  linn-  she  had  (including 

Fulton,  of  course)  trn  ^chonl-liou^cs,  eight  teachers, 

I  three  hundred  pupils,  levied  a  tax  of  ^1945.27,  and 

drew  a  State  appropriation  of  S'11S7.C9.     In  that  year 

j  she  expended  83238.37,  of  which  S=2C7G  was  for  build- 

'  ing  new  houses.     When  the  town-lii[i  was  divided,  five 

j  of  these  houses  fell  to  each  divi-inn.     Since  that  time 

!  the  number  of  houses  in  Little  Britain  have  been  in- 

j  creased  by  two,  making  thetu  now  seven,  and  several 

of  the  old  houses  have  been  rebuilt  and  otherwise  im- 

1  proved,  ami   the  groumls  pertaining  to  several  have 

I  been  enlarged,     .V  liberal  and  progrc~^ivc  -^[lirit  seems 

rnlar-,-  the   trvcruliie^^  of  the 


to  prevail ;   a  d 
system  and  to 


Churches,— Tl 


ces 


[.ublic 


tly  ac 


to\j'nship,   though   there  are  oth' 


Friends'   Meeting.— ( 'n  th.-  Huh   day  ul'  Jamiary, 
1   17;i2,    Henry    licviiolds   and    ll.-ul.rii    B.-ynolds   con- 
vrvrd    to  .lames    Harlan,    llciiiv   li.^viiolds,  Jr.,  and 
.\hmi-    Ih-oun,  tiii.lccsor   F,i,.,,,U'  Mr^tiiig  at   East- 
land, six  acres  and  thirty-five  perches  of  land  for  the 
jinrposes  of  a  meetiii^j-liou^c  and  burial-ground,  upon 
which  a  mee(ing-hoii-c  was  Imilt,  and  a  meeting  or- 
I  ganized,  which  ha>  been   kciit  up  from  that  time  to 
(  the  present.     The  hon-r   is   [dain,  but  a  substantial 
I  stone   structure,   and   answers   well   the    purpose    for 
'   which   it  was   inteiideil.      Without  being   large,   it  is 
>ulliciciit  for  the  arcomnioilalion  of  those  who  worship 
in  it.     Tire  iiuiet  method  of  the  -ociety  not  being  nt- 
I  tractive  to  "  the  worM'^  |iro|,l,.,"  it  is  never  crowded 
I  unless  when   notice    ol    a    \i^il    from   some   "iniblic 
Friend"  of  note  call-,  to-clhcr  a  larger  congregation 

I       In  184S  a  lot  of  ground  was  procured  at  Ashville 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


icli 


ibr   tb 
Frieii. 


fk  (Mlifice — w:i=i  erecleil 
iiiiluljred  meeting"   ol' 


muiiy 


liv  th, 


of  th, 


Fr 


::i 


i  callu.l  l.y  the 

tliL-  iiiiJc-rsUuKliiig  uC  cdiitriljianrs   IVi'u  lor 

fi.i-  tlioii^  .,wn  iiartinj:^.  Alhr 
haviii-  l)i-i/n  so  used  for  a  number  of  years,  tbe 
FricniN  wbo  iiseil  tlie  meeting-bouse,  and  especially 
tbe  trustees  wbo  beld  tbe  [iroperty,  baving  died  or 
left  tlie  neigbborliood,  tbe  premises  were  sold  by  a 
special  act  of  tbe  Legislature,  and  refitted,  it  isund 
stood,  for  Presbyterian  u?e  and  benefit.  It  is,  bow 
ever,  f  .r  tbe  general  use  of  tbe  neigbborliood. 

Little  Britain  Presbyterian  Church  and  Little 
Britain  Friends'  Meeting  at  Penn  Hill  were  organ- 
ized more  than  a  century  ago,  and  take  their  names 
from  the  township  wherein  they  were  then  located, 
and  are  still  easy  of  aecesa  by  those  wbo  prefer  to 
resort  to  their  sacred  ]jreciiuts. 

The  Mills  and  Industrial  Establishments  have 

already  been  inrideiitaliy  mentioned,  and  it  only  now 
remains  to  recapitulate  them  in  closer  connection. 
Tbe  oldest  mill  i>  duubtle-.  Adam  Harkness',  ior- 
merly  Pierce's  and,  still  further  back,  Clendenin's, 
on  Pickens  Creek.  It  is  known  to  have  been  run  by 
Joseph  Ilewes  as  far  back  as  1703,  and  may  have  been 
established  by  Robert  Lewis  at  an  earlier  day.  The 
Clendenins  appear  to  have  been  a  race  of  millers, 
three  brothers  of  them  owning  three  milks  at  one 
time,  the  one  in  iiuestion,  and  two  on  Western  Octo- 
raia,  in  Colerain  township.  Samuel  Connard's  saw- 
mill was  established  as  a  tilt-hammer,  changed  to 
difierent  uses  since,  and  is  now  a  saw-mill,  as  stated. 
It  was  first  made  a  water-power  about  1801,  and 
is  the  ne.xl  in  age.  Kirk's  mills,  at  I'laslland,  erected 
by  Timothy  and  Jacob  Kirk,  come  next  in  ordei-,  and 
are  unquestiomibly  the  first  in  imporlame.  James 
King's  mill  was  established  simply  as  a  saw-mill  by 
Levin  H.  Jack.son  in  IS-ItJ,  and  tbe  grinding  appa- 
ratus added  by  King  at  a  later  day.  J.  B.  Brogan's 
spoke-mill,  at  Oak  Hill,  is  run  by  steam,  and  is  only 
in  ..peration  at  interval..  lilaeksmitli-  and  wheel- 
wrigbt-sbops  exi-.t  in  eoiiiiection  at  tbe  following 
places:  Un  tbe  property  ui  John  J.  Pennel,  south  of 
fJak  Hill;  at  Elim;  on  the  property  late  of  John 
Gibson,  west  of  Elim  ;  and  at  Oak  Slmde.  There  are 
blacksmith-shops  separately  at  Oak  Hill,  at  Fair 
Mount,  and  at  Jacob  Shade's,  between  Oak  Shaile 
and  White  Rock.  Thomas  J.  Watson,  at  Asliville, 
and  Jlarcenus  King,  a  short  distance  west,  have 
wlieelwright-shops  separately. 

Mining^.— The  only  mining  operations  within  tbe 
limits  of  tbe  township  are  the  Tyson  Chrome-Pits, 
on  Octonira  Greek,  near  the  southern  extremity  of 
tbe  township,  more  coinuKHdy  known  as  the  Wood 
Mines,  from  the  name  of  the  person  from  whom  the 
land  was  bought.  Here  the  digging  of  chrome 'has 
l)een  carried  on  for  tbe  last  fifty  years  witb  profit  to 
tbe   owner,    and   giving   employment    fre(iuently    to 


At  this  time  little  is  being  <lone,  and 
tbe  mines  are  largely  filled  with  water. 

Justices  of  the  Peace.— Before  tbe  adopti(JU  of 
the  con.titntion  id'  IMiS  the  following  persons  are 
known  to  bave  beld  tbe  oltiee  of  justice  of  tbe  l)eace 
in  llie  toun-«bi|i,  and  to  have  resided  witbin  its  pres- 
ent limits,  to  wit:  Abraham  Whiteside,  Alexander 
Snodgrass,  David  Montgomery,  and  Levin  H.  Jack- 
son. Jlost  probably  there  were  others  whose  names 
have  disappeared  from  the  common  recollection,  and 
are  only  to  be  found  in  their  public  acts  and  the  records 
of  their  commissions.  Since  1840  they  have  been 
elected  by  tbe  peojjle.  The  first  election  was  before 
the  division  of  tbe  township,  John  Webster  (of  Ful- 
tonside)  and  Levin  H.  Jackson  being  elected  in  1840, 
and  c<inimissioned  April  14tb  of  that  year.  Tbe  fol- 
lowing is  a  list  of  those  for  Little  Britain  since  then : 


Joli 


,  1845.  L.  U.  Jackson. 

Juiie25,lSGi.  Josc.pl,  C. 

.  Gibsou. 

ISCO.  Washiiigtoi,  Walke 

1»4S.  David  Cope. 

Ap,il,  1869.  Joseph  C.Ji 

ls.=.u.  J,)li„Gilis,.n. 

.^liril,  1K71.  \Va»liii,t;tuu 

1-:,;,  ).,,,,.i  •  ,,,..., 

A,.Ml,l.-7i.  Joseph  C.Ja 

J.  F. 


May  14,  iMjl,  John  J.  Evans 

Tlie  last  two  are  in  commission  at  this  time. 

It  may  not  be  improper  to  remark  that  at  the  elec- 
tion in  18G0,  Samuel  E.  Fairlamb  had  been  elected 
to  supply  tbe  place  of  David  Cope,  now  far  advanced 
in  years,  and  that  he  neglected  to  take  out  a  commis- 
sion, and  declined  to  serve,  whereupon  Joseph  C. 
Jamison  was  elected  tbe  next  spring  to  fill  the 
vacancy  thus  created. 

The  following  county  otlices  have  been  filled  by 
citizens  of  Little  Britain  as  now  limited  :. 

Commissioner,  Phineas  Ash,  ISltj;  Thomas  Pat- 
terson, 1845;  James  Wood,  1875.  County  Surveyor, 
John  C.  Lewis,  ISoG-ni). 

■  She  has  never  furnished  a  member  of  either  branch 
of  the  Legislature  since  the  division  of  her  territory, 
and  although  repeatedly  thus  honored  before  that 
time,  so  far  a.  appears,  they  were  always  from  tbe 
other  end,  and  not  from  tbe  territory  now  comprising 
Little  Britain. 


HIOGKAl'HICAL    SKETCH. 


JCSKI'I 

Joseph    C.   Taylor, 

(Craig)   Taylor^   was   b 

June  22,  1805. 


TAYLOK.i 

of  David  and  Hannah 
in  Chester  County,  Pa., 
He  lost  his  father  wdien  quite  a  small 
boy,  he  being  drowned  in  tbe  Brandywine,  near  the 
famous  battle-ground,  in  attempting  to  rescue  one 
who  had  fallen  in.  Joseph's  educational  opportuni- 
ties were  meagre,  being  only  such  as  were  common 
to  the  children  of  persons  in  moderate  circumstances 


By  Ellwuod  Criei 


LITTLE    BRITAIN  TOWNSHIP. 


947 


lit  that  clay.  At  tlie  age  of  sixteen  he  apprenticed  i  the  Democratic  party,  thongli  he  always  retained  the 
himself  to  the  tanning  business  in  the  village  oC  Ken-  strongest  personal  friendship  for  some  of  its  mem- 
nett  Square,  and  after  lear 


it  removed  to  LitI 
Britain  township,  Lancaster  Co.,  where  lie  resided 
until  his  decease,  in  187G.  For  a  short  time  alter  his 
removal  to  Lancaster  Count)'  he  was  engaged  at 
tanning  in  {lartnership  with  John  Pierce,  but  sul)- 
sequently  entered  into  mercantile  business  at  (_)ak 
Hill,  and  was  also  for  some  years  pro|irietor  of  the 
hotel  at  that  jdace. 

In  1833,  Jlr.  Taylor  was  niiited  in  marriage  to 
Susan  R.,  daughter  of  John  Twaddell,  ..f  ('better 
County.  Two  children  were  born  to  them,  bolli  of 
whom  died  in  infancy.  Mrs.  Taylor  was  a  woman 
of  delicate  health,  and  died  in  1835. 

In  183G,  Mr.  Taylor  married  Jane  M.  White,  who 
survives  him,  and  is  now  living  at  Ashville,  Little 
Britain  township.  By  her  he  had  five  children, — 
B.  Frank,  John  T.,  David  U.,  Edward  C,  and  How- 
ard J.  John  T.,  who  was  a  young  man  of  unusual 
promise,  entered  the  army,  and  was  killed  at  the 
storming  of  Peter.^burg,  Va.,  in  18(55.  Howard  C, 
the  youngest  son,  whose  health  was  always  delicate, 
died  in  January,  1878.  The  other  members  of  tlie 
family  are  still  living. 

Some  time  after  his  second  marriage  Mr.  Ta 
sold  out  his  business  at  Oak  Hill,  and  removed 
farm  he  had   purchased  near  Hickory  Hill  scli 
house,  now  owned  by  his  son,  B.  Frank  Taylor.     He 
continued  in  the  farming  business  until  1847,  when 
he  removed  to  the  village  of  Ashville,  and  again  en- 
tered into  the  mercantile  business.     Here  he  remained 
until  his  death. 

Mr.  Taylor  was  a  man  of  sound  judgment,  rare  in- 
tegrity, and  great  personal  courage.  Brave  almost  to 
rashness,  he  was  tender-hearted  as  a  child,  and  his 
sympathy  always  went  out  to  those  who  were  wronged 
or  oppressed.  In  his  lousiness  relations  he  maintained 
the  strictest  integrity,  and  during  his  long  career  as  a 
country  merchant  he  was  looked  upon  as  above  re- 
proach. The  poorest  and  most  ignorant  persons  who 
came  to  his  store  on  business  were  treated  with  the 
same  care  and  consideration  as  the  richest  and  most 


bers.  In  1844,  Mr.  Taylor  supported  the  Liberty 
party  presidential  ticket;  in  1848  he  voted  for  Van 
Buren  and  Adams,  and  from  the  time  of  the  organi- 
zation of  the  Republican  party,  in  185G,  to  the  day  of 
his  death  was  one  of  its  most  ardent  advocates  ami 


lort 


J.   C. 


j  Mr.  Taylor  was  a  born  leader  of  men.  He  was  sin- 
I  gularly  free  from  ambition,  and  had  not  the  slightest 
j  desire  to  be  regarded  as  a  leader,  but  in  times  of  peril, 
j  or  where  great  coolness  and  courage  were  required^ 
I  he  was  recognized^  in  his  neighborhood,  as  the  com- 
manding spirit.  An  affair  that  transpired  in  1844 
i  will  illustrate  this. 

i       Mr.  Taylor  then  lived  on   his  farm,  to  which  we 
I  have  before  referred,  near  Ilickcjry  Hill  school-house. 


influential.  His  kindness  to  the  poor  was  proverbial,  Some  distance  away,  [lerhaps  a  mile  or  thereabouts, 
hut  he  preferred  to  render  them  assistance  by  helping  '  and  oft'  from  the  public  road,  was  a  place  called  Wolf 
them  to  earn  a  living.  He  had  an  inveterate  dislike  '  Hollow,  and  here  there  was  a  small  settlement  of  col- 
for  shiftlessness.  ]  ored  ])eople,  composed  of  a  few  log  houses  with  lots 

In  early  lil'e  Mr.  Taylor  attached  himself  to  the  j  adjoining.  In  one  of  these  lived  a  family  consisting 
Democratic  parly,  but  severed  his  connection  with  it  j  of  a  husband  and  wife  and  two  children.  The  mother 
when  he  became  convinced  it  was  the  ally  of  slavery,  j  was  a  fugitive  slave,  but  the  husliand  was  a  free 
In   1843   he  attended  a  lecture  on    that  subject  by  |  negro,  and  the  children   had   been  born  in  Pennsyl- 

a.     On  a  sultrv  .■^entcinlier  morning  in  the  above 


James  Fulton,  Jr.,  a  well-known  abblilionist,  at  a 
school-house  near  by,  and  was  struck  with  the  im- 
portance and  weight  of  the  arguments  presented.  He 
was  not  a  man  to  change  his  opinions  suddenly  or 
without  mature  consideration,  but  after  careful  re- 
flection he  became  convinced  that  the  doctrines  and 
measures  of  the  abolitionists  were  in  the  main  cor- 
rect.    From  that  time  forward  he  refused  to  act  with 


year,  just  before  sunn^f,  Mr.  Taylor  was  standing  in 
the  door-of  his  farm-huuse.  He  had  just  arisen,  and 
had  on  neither  coat,  ve.^t,  hat,  nor  shoes.  In  front  of 
him  was  his  five-horse  team,  harnessed  and  ready  to 
start  to  Quarryville,  some  ten  miles  away,  for  lime- 
stone. He  was  making  some  casual  remark  to  the 
driver,  who  was  about  to  start,  when  there  came  across 


948 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


the  tield  from  the  direction  of  Wolf  Hollow  ;i  colored 
woman,  running  as  fast  as  she  could,  and  evidently  in 
;i  state  of  great  alarm.  As  she  came  nearer  she  was 
heard  to  say,  "Mr.  Taylor!  Mr.  Taylor!  the  Iddnap- 
jiers  has  got  the  woman  and  her  two  children  ;  tiiey's 
rarryin'  them  olf!  There  they  goes  now!"  as  she 
|Hjinted  to  a  covered  wagon  drawn  by  two  horses,  and 
closely  followed  by  two  men  on  horseback,  which  was 
paving  rapidly  down  the  road  that  led  southward  in 
the  direction  of  the  Maryland  line.  Taylor  took  in 
tlie  situation  in  an  instant.  "  Unhitch  tliat  lead  horse 
and  take  off  his  harness,"  he  said  to  the  driver,  ami 
in  k'^s  time  tlian  it  can  be  told  he  had  mounted  the 
horse  without  a  saddle,  and  himself  without  hat  or 
shoes  dashed  away  in  pursuit  of  the  slave-catcher^. 

His  coolness  and  good  sense  did  not  forsake  him  in 
the  exciten)ent.  He  calculated  that  the  kidiiapi.ers 
would  take  the  road  westward  toward  Conowingo 
Bridge  after  going  a  short  distance  south.  So  he 
cut  across  the  corner  of  a  triangle,  coming  out  on  the 
Conowingo  road  near  Harlan's  tan-yard.  In  the  mean- 
time he  had  aroused  some  neiglibors  ou  the  way,  so 
that  when  they  reached  this  road  several  had  joined 
in  the  pursuit.  Among  these  were  Oliver  Furness, 
James  Woodrow,  Joseph  Pierce,  John  P.  Harlan,  and 
Nicholas  Wells.  Inquiry  developed  the  fact  that  the 
kidnappers  had  passed  a  short  time  before  in  the  di- 
rection of  Conowingo,  and  the  pursuers  pushed  for- 
ward with  all  the  energy  in  their  power.  As  they 
passed  ou,  Taylor  reflected  that  the  pursuing  i>arty 
were  entirely  unarmed.  There  could  1)0  no  doubt  the 
slave-hunters  were  thonmghly  equiiiped  \\'a\i  the 
means  of  defense,  and  of  what  use  will  it  be,  he  re- 
flected, to  overtake  them"?  So,  when  they  eaiuc  to 
the  store  at  Kirk's  Mills,  Taylor  stopped  and  procured 


irsui 


party 


When  the  purs 
I'lastland,  and  came  in  sight  of  the  long 
that  place,  they  saw  the  kidnappers  ab( 
u[i  it.  At  the  same  moment  the  latter  s; 
pursued,  and  did  all  in  their  pouer  t 
horses  forward.  After  the  top  of  thi^  lull 
there  was  a  long  level  stret.-h  ot  al.out 
the  Maryland  line.  Once  <>yrv  that  th,' 
ipartv   could   not   be   interferol    uilh.      .\ 


lassed  the  village  < 
west  ( 
alf-w:i 


supl 


]ld 


L-^lllt 


lllll 


As  the  pursuing  part) 


i-tak; 


\V1 


and  started  on  tlie  level  piece  ol 
Maryland  line,  Taylor's  horse  sho 
signs  of  giving  out.    The  morning 

taken,  not  a  nioiiient  uiii-t  he  lo-l.  Joscpli  Pierce, 
who  was  .me  of  the  pur>iiers,  had  a  large  black  horse, 
the  fleetest  in  the  party.  Pierce  \\;^is  a  man  of  great 
resolution  and  excellent  Judgment  ;  but  be  recognized 
the  fact  that  if  the  kidMai)|icrs  were   to   be  ovcrtakcti 


and  stopped,  Taylor  was  the  man  to  do  it.  Without 
a  moment's  hesitation  he  said,  "  Here,  Taylor,  take 
my  horse,  and  catch  them  or  kill  the  horse." 

Everyone  present  joined  in  the  request.  In  a  mo- 
ment Taylor  was  on  the  horse,  gun  in  hand,  speeding 
away  with  e\-try  energy  at  his  command.  He  was  a 
subject  for- a  painter  at  that  moment.  Hatless,  coat- 
less,  and  shoeless,  his  hair  standing  in  every  direction, 
but  with  courage  and  determination  speaking  out 
Irom  every  feature,  he  sped  onward.  It  soon  became 
evident  the  pursuing  party  would  win.  Within  about 
forty  yards  of  the  ^Maryland  line  Taylor  came  up  to 
the  horsemen  in  the  rear  of  the  wagon.  They  and 
the  men  who  were  driving  wi-re  all  heavily  armed. 

"  Stop  !"  said  he  ;  "  1  want  to  see  whetlier  yon  have 
a  right  to  carry  away  these  people." 

"  You  must  speak  to  the  men  who  are  driving,"  was 
the  reply  ;  ''  we  have  nothing  to  say  to  it," 

Pushing  his  hor.se  forward,  he  passed  the  wagon, 
wheeled  round,  and  leveling  his  gun  at  the  man  who 
was  driving,  called  out,  "Stop!" 

Instantly  the  horses  were  stopped.  Though  armed 
themselves,  these   men   saw   that   Taylor   meant   to 


;iot. 

'■•  We  wr 


ve  a  lawful 


not  inte 


Tt  to  see  whether  or 
right  to  carry  these  i.eople  oti 
slave-catchers.  "  If  you  have, 
if  you  have  not,  you  cannot  take  them." 

By  this  time  the  rest  of  the  i)ursuing  party  had 
come  up,  and  after  some  con.siileration  it  was  resolved 
that  the  fugitives  and  their  claimants  ^llould  all  be 


taken  before  John  Webster,  Esq.,  justi 


peace 


fir  Fulton  township,  whose  office  was  near  by,  for  a 
hearing.  AVhen  they  readied  the  squire's  office,  and 
tlie  facts  were  stated  and  the  law  examined,  the  party 
liom  Maryland  became  thoroughly  alarmed.  That 
tliev  had  a  legal  right  to  the  woman  could  not  be 
dou'bte.l,butthechihlrei,,be 
eoul.l  not  be  b..Ma. -lave- 


table  of  Fultc 
'arlan,  and  Jo; 


Mini  in  Pennsylvania, 
he  squire  resolved  to 
iinishment  for  which 
rn  into  charge  of  the 
11(1  Mr.  Taylor,  John 
reed  to  iirosecute  the 
concluded   to  go  to 


lunie.l  their  game  had  llown.  It  wa.  .piite  a  disa| 
pointmciit  to  tlieiii,  but  >ome  ai-ued  that  it  was  tl 
be.t  M,b„ion  of  tlie  matter,  beeau-e  it  opened  a  wi, 
lorthee-vapeof  themotbera-well  as  the  eliildre: 
■Ihey  were  never  alteruara.  retaken. 

Wiien  the  Rebellion  broke  out,  and  during  tl 
lirogress  of  the  war,  .Mr.  Taylor  was  intell^ely  d. 
voted  to  the  Fnion.  He  was  too  old  to  eiili-t,  but  1 
did  K"0d  service  to  the  eaiiM'  in  many  important  way 


MANOR  TOWNSHIP. 


Two  of  his  sons,  Jolm  T.  ami  David  M.,  rnlistod  in 
the  Ninety-seventh   lli'iriuifnt  IV-iuis)  Ivaiiia  Vuhih- 
teers,  and  served  to  the  ond  of  tlie  war.     The  foiiner 
was  killed,  as  before  stated,  in  the  explosion  of  tlic  j 
mine  at  Petersburg;,  Va.     .Mr.  Taylor  never  ceased  to  j 
mourn  his  loss.     He  was  an  excellent  young  man,  i 
and  a  brave  and  ])atriotic  soldier.     David  M.  came  j 
safely   through   the   war,  and   is    now   cashier   of  a  ( 
National  Bank  at  Oxford,  Pa. 

Mr.  Taylor  had  no  political  amhition.  Capable  of 
filling  any  position  within  the  liift  cf  his  felhiw-citi- 
zens,  he  aspired  only  to  lead  a  useful  lile,  and  acijuirc 
a  competence  for  hiin-ill' and  family.  \\'hatovcr  hr 
undertook  to  do  he  did  well,  lint  he  had  no  desire 
to  shine  in  public.  He  filled  several  township  oflicc>, 
and  served  one  term  as  county  auditor,  but  he  con- 
.■^ented  to  be  elected  only  because  he  thought  it  his  , 
duty  to  bear  a  portion  of  the  public  burdens.  Few 
men  have  ever  lived  imbued  with  higher  courage, 
sounder  judgment,  purer  patriotism,  or  more  spotless 


IIAl'TEi;    LXV. 


Location    and    Limits.— Alauor    township,    the 
wealthiest  and  most  jjopnlous  township  in  Lancaster  i 
County,  occupies  a  tract  of  country  embracing  twenty-  j 
five  thousand  seven   hundred  acres,  or  a  little  over  I 
forty  square  miles,  in  the  western  portion  of  Lancas-  I 
ter  County,  about  midway  between  the  northern  and 
southern  boundaries  of  tiie  county.    The  Sus(|uehanna  ' 
River  forms  its  western  and  southwestern  bnumlary, 
and  the  Conestoga  Creek  its  southern  audsouthea.-.ierii 
limits.     Lancaster  township  is  on  the  east,  ami  I'a-l 
and  West  Hempfield  on  the  uortli,  E.ast  Hcmplield 
being  sejiarated  from  i\Luior  by  the  Columhia   and 
Lancaster  turnpike,  and  West  Hempfield  by  a  bcnmd- 
ary  line  ou  the  to[)  of  a  ridge  of  hills  beginning  near  ■ 
the  Columbia  turnpike,  at  a  point  near  the  southeast- 
ern  corner  of  We-t   Hempfield.     The   [.opulation   of  | 
^ranor  township  in  LS-Mi  was  five  thousand  an.l  tifiy- 
three.  j 

Original  and  Present  Extent.— INLuior  t<iwnship 
embraces  the  whole  of  the  original  Conestoga  Manor 
of  a  century  and  a  half  ago,  with  an  additional  tract 
on   the  north   about  half  as  extensive.      Conestoga  1 
Manor,  when  surveyed  and  laid  out  in  1717-18,  em-  j 
braced  seventeen  thousand  acres,  including  the  two  ' 
original    five-hundred-acre    tracts   owned    by  James  I 
Logan  and  .Lthn  Cartlige  in  the  southern  (lart  of  the 
township.     The    norlhcru    boundary  of  the  original 
Conestoga  JManor  was   a   line  running  from  a  point 
marked  by  a  locust-tree  on  the  banks  of  the  Suscpie- 
hanna,  on  the  site  of  the  ]U-eseut  borough  of  Wash- 

1  Dy  I.  S.Chue,  LulRHSteT. 


eked  1 


estoga,  and    m.t    far   hum   the  sit 'the   mill   now 

owned  V  .J.ihn  Ihenner.  ■fhi.-  line,  >ix  miles  in 
length,  cor|;esp(iiiil>  with  the  niad  now  leading  Trom 
Brenner's  mill  to  Washington  borough.  The  fertile 
tract  north  of  the  original  dmestoga,  endjracing  eight 
thousand  seven  hundred  acres,  was  afterwards  added 
to  the  township.  Otherwise  the  present  boundaries 
of  the  townshi])  are  the  same  as  the  original  limits, — 
Lancaster  township  on  the  east,  the  Conestoga  Creek 
on  the  southeast  and  south,  and  the  .'^us(|nehanua 
River  on  the  west  and  southwest. 

Surface.— The  surface  of  .M;inor  township  is  rolling 
and  liilly  thioughont.  In  the  .-.<,utliwe-teni  portion 
is  what  is  , 'ailed  Turkey  Hill,  whicli  extends  along 
the  .Su.sqnehanna  River,  a  distance  of  about  four  ami 
a  half  miles  in  a  noi  thwesterly  and  >ou(hea,terly  di- 
rection, about   a   mih-  and   a   half  in  wi<ltli.      Within 


part  IS 


.M:i 


iml  \V( 


es  m  lengtl 


lUg 


the  western  liall  ol  i 
siderable  elevation, 
boundary  line  betwa 
townships,  this  hill 
Otherwise  there  are  i 
the  streams. 

Streams.— The  eastern  jiortion  of  Manor  is  inter- 
sected by  the  Little  t.'onestoga  Creek,  which  crosses 
that  ))ortion  of  the  town-hip,  first  in  a  southwesterly, 
then  in  a  southerly  diicriion,  and  empties  into  the 
Conestoga  at  a  point  ahoiii  two  miles  above  the  mouth 
of  the  Conestoga.  The  ncjrthcrn  and  central  part  of 
JIanor  is  intersected  by  the  west  branch  of  the  Little 
Conestoga,  which  runs  first  in  a  southerly,  then  in  a 
southeasterly  direction,  and  empties  into  the  Little 
Conestoga  about  two  miles  above  its  mouth.  Indian 
'f own  Run  is  a  small  stream  about' two  and  a  half 
miles  in  length,  running  in  a  southeasterly  direction, 
having  its  source  to  tlie  north  of  the  site  of  the  old 
Indian  town,  and  *;mptying  into  the  Little  Cones- 
toga nearly  a  mile  above  the  mouth  of  the  latter. 
Besides  these  there  are  a  number  of  small  streams. 

Soil  and  Products.— The  soil  of  .Afanor  is  a  rich 
limestone.  The  cereals  produced  are  wheat,  corn, 
and  oats,  but  tobacco  is  the  principal  staple  product. 
Ol'  this  farmers  cultivate  large  fields,  ranging  from 
ten  to  twenty  acres.  This  tobacco  is  cultivated  partly 
by  the  farmers  themselves,  partly  by  others  on  shares. 
The  tobacco  .crop  of  Manor  is  the  great  source  of  its 
wealth,  and  this  township  produces  more  than  any 
other  in  Lancaster  County.  Manor  has  always  taken 
rauk  as  a  rich  agricultural  section.  Its  inhabitants 
are  mainly  devoted  to  that  kind  of  industry,  and 
there  are  no  manufacturing  estahlishments  in  the 
township  except  the  usual  mechanical  employments 
to  be  found  anywhere,— a  woolen  factory  near  Safe 
Harbor  and  an  agricultural  implement  factory  in 
Millersville.  The  Proprietors  of  Pennsylvania  ami 
their  agents  early  knew  of  the  lertilily  of  the  Cones- 
toga Manor,  and  were  desirous  of  settling  this  section 


niSTOKY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Indian  History.— M: 


re  <il 


torv  of  Lancaster  Countv.  The  SiH,|UehariuoL-k  Iii- 
.liaii-,  li.a.l  a  fort  near  ihe  Su.,|uehanna  Itiver,  between 
Turkey  Hill  an.l  l;hie  Kuek.  In  the  .sunlliern  |iur- 
ti.in  i.l  till.,  irreat  lownsln|.  was  the  lannnrs  In.lian 
town  of  the  Conestogiis,  ii  small  and  iiiotfensive  tvWto 
ol'  Indians.  The  town  l;iy  to  the  eiist  of  Turkey  Hill, 
abont  two  miles  west  and  north  of  the  Conestoj;;! 
Creek,  :\nd  about  one  mile  west  of  the  Little  Cones- 
toga,  on  the  land  wdiich  afterwards  caine  into  the 
possession  of  the  Mellinger  family,  and  which  is  now 
owned  by  Jiicob  H.  Ilabecker.  Here  the  Indian 
eliiefs  of  various  tribes  met  the  whites  to  make  the 
treaties  which  ultimately  led  to  a  peaceful  settlement 
of  the  troubles  that  had  hindered  the  development  of 
the  early  settlements  in  the  immediate  vicinity  and 
the  county  at  large.  Here  the  sachems  of  the  8i\- 
Xations  assembled  to  negotiate  with  the  pro\inii:il 
Governors  for  the  establishment  of  peace,  and  toeom- 
jdain  of  the  various  outrages  committed  by  the  white 
traders,  who  deluded  the  aborigines.  Here  the  first 
massacre  of  the  Conestoga  Indians  occurred,  an  event 
which  caused  many  atrocities  and  niiieli  blooilshed. 
Hut  the  days  of  their  glory  ami  theii  possessions  have 
departed,  and  not  a  vestige  remains  wln^re  Indian 
wigwams  were  located  a  century  and  a  half  ago.  The 
place  still  bears  the  significant  name  Indian  Town. 
The  Indian  town  of  the  Conestogas  was  destroyed  in 
17l'i3,  the  last  year  of  llie   lainoiis    kVeneli  arid  Lnlian 

Patterson  and  Peter  Chartier,  noted  as  Indian  traders, 
the  former  a  Scotch-Irishman  and  the  latter  a  T'leneli 
.lesuit,  the  reader  is  referred  to  the  general  liist.iry  of 
the  county  in  another  portion  of  this  vohinie. 

First  Appearance  of  Whites  in  Conestog-a 
Manor.— Larly  in  the  eighteenth  century,  wliile 
Lancaster  County  was  yet  a  ))art  of  Chester,  two 
Seotcli-lrishmen — James  Logan  and  John  Cartlige — 
had  each  obtained  tracts  of  land,  of  five  hundred  acres, 
in  the  southern  part  of  the  Conestoga  Manor.  These 
tracts  lay  between  the  famous  Indian  Town  on  the 
north  and  the  Conestoga  Creek  on  the  south,  and  be- 
tween the  Little  Conestoga  on  the  east  am!  Turkey 
Hill  on  the  west,  a  little  northeast  of  the  site  of  the 
present  Safe  Harbor.  Both  these  tracts  were  bounded 
on  the  south  by  the  Conestoga.  Logan's  five  hundred 
acres  lay  just  to  the  west  of  the  Little  Conestoga,  the 
southeastern  point  touching  the  Conestoga  at  an  elm- 
tree  at  the  mouth  of  tlie  Little  Conestoga.  Cartlige's 
five  hundred  acres  lay  to  the  west  of  Logan's  tract, 
tliesouthwesternpointof  his  land  touching  the  Cones- 
toga at  a  black-oak  tree  on  the  bank  of  the  Concs- 
tosra,  at  the   first  bend   of  the  stream   just   above  the 

northern  i>art  of  Cartlige's  tract,  about  two  hundred 


acres,  thus  leaving  Cartlige  only  three  hundred  acres. 
Tlrese  tracts  were  exceedingly  hilly. 

Two  wdiites,  who  were  celebrated  as  Indian  traders, 
had  obtained  grants  of  land  on  the  northwestern  bor- 
ders of  ConesJ;oga  Jlanor.  These  were  Peter  Chartier, 
a  French  Jesuit,  and  James  Patterson,  a  Scotch-Irish- 
man. Chartier's  land  lay  (m  the  east  bank  of  the 
.'^iisipiehanna,  on  and  east  of  the  site  of  the  upper 
part  of  the  present  hor.nmh  <if  Washington  ;  Patter- 
son's farm  of  two  hundied  acres  lay  directly  east  of 
Cliarticr's  tract. 

First  German  Mennonite  Settlers  in  Conestoga 
Manor.— During  the  early  years  of  the  eighteenth 
century  many  Germ;in  and  Swiss  emigrants  accepted 
William  Penn's  olfer,  and  took  up  lands  in  the  rich 
limestone  valleys  of  the  Pequea  and  Conestoga  regions, 
which  were  a  part  of  Chester  County  until  1729,  when 
I.,ancaster  County  was  organized.  These  emigrants 
were  Mennonites,  as  the  followers  of  Menno  Simon, 
a  worthy  cotemporary  of  Luther,  were  called.  The 
Mennonites  of  the  Palatinate  and  Switzerland  led 
simple  and  religious  lives  as  peasants.  Their  peculiar 
manners,  simplicity  of  dress  and  manners,  aversion  to 
the  use  of  law  and  to  military  services  having  sub- 
jected them  to  rigorous  jiersecution  in  their  native 
homes  on  the  banks  of  the  Rhine  and  among  the 
Alps,  they  came  to  seek  a  refuge  from  persecution  in 
the  English  Quaker  province  of  Pennsylvania. 

Many  of  them  settled  in  the  Conestoga  Manor  and 
took  up  lands  therein,  after  Hill,  Norris,  and  Logan 
had  issued  a  warrant  directed  to  Jacob  Taylor,  sur- 
veyor-general, to  survey  Conestoga  Manor,  in  1718. 


:mg 


the  early  German  Jlennonite 


lies  who 


settled  in  the  Conestoga  Jlanor  were  the  Ilerrs,  the 
Haughmans,  the  Mayers,  the  Shanks,  the  Killhavers, 
the  Funks,  the  Kautrjnans,  the  Hostetfers,  the  Ober- 
holtzers,  the  Zieglers,  the  Witmers,  the  Kendigs,  the 
Lintners,  the  Wisslers,  the  Millers,  the  Newcomers, 
the  Corrells,or  Charh--.-.  and  others.  These  Gorman 
families  gradually  .-etiled  in  Manor  during  the  half- 
century  before  the  Itevolmion.  .V  few  English  fami- 
lies still  retained  laud  here,  the  most  noted  being  the 
Wrights.  The  descendants  of  many  of  these  early 
settlers  still  live  on  the  lands  obtained  by  their  ances- 
tors, but  many  of  the  original  families  have  become 
extinct. 
Early  Patentees  to  Lands  in  Conestoga  Manor. 

remained  unsettled  until  long  after  the  rest  of  the 
township  had  been  taken  up.  The  portion  of  this 
occupied  section  north  of  Turkey  Hill,  embracing 
about  three  thousand  acres,  was  retained  by  the  Penn 
family.  The  northeastern  section,  embracing  filteen 
hundred  acres,  had  first  been  granted  to  Andrew 
Hamilton,  Esq.,  of  Pliiladelphia,  then  one  of  the  most 
eminent  lawyers  of  America. 

May  3,  1729,  Andrew  Coridsh  and  his  wife  Eliza- 
beth sold  three  hundred  acres  of  land  at  the  mouth 
of  the  Little  Conestoga  Creek   to   James  Logan   for 


MANOR   TOWNSHIP. 


951 


five  hundred  pounds.  On  Nov.  18,  1734,  J;anes  Lo- 
gan and  his  wife  Susanna  bought  two  hundred  acres 
from  Jolin  Cartlige. 

Nov.  21,  1739,  three  hundred  iwres  were  granted  to 
Thomas  Ewing  and  Susanna,  liis  wife.  Feb.  lu,  17411, 
Susanna  (Ewing)  Connelly  sold  to  John  ICeagy  one 
hundred  and  filty  acres. 

Dec.  31,  1739,  Andrew  Hamilton,  ICsq.,  sold  his 
manor  of  fifteen  hundred  acres  to  Michael  Baughman 
for  five  thousand  pounds.  Michael  Baughman  sold 
to  Abraham  Stoner,  blacksmith,  of  Warwick,  and  to 
Abraham  Herr,  two  hundred  acres. 

Nov.  21,  1751,  John  Keagy  and  his  wife  Ann  sold 
to  Jacob  Miller  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres. 

Oct.  IG,  1738,  a  patent  was  given  to  Micliael  Mayer 
and  his  wife  Elizabeth  for  two  hundred  and  seventeen 
acres.  They  gave  this  tract  to  their  son,  ^Michael 
Mayer,  Jr.  (June  22,  1745). 

Jlay  8,  1749,  Michael  Mayer,  Jr.,  sold  this  tract  to 
John  Miller,  blacksmith,  of  Lancaster,  for  six  hun- 
dred pounds.     LTpon  this  tract  Millersville  is  built. 

Nov.  1,  17G9,  John  Killhoffer  sold  to  John  Stoner, 
of  Hempfield,  land  in  JIanor,  adjoining  hind  of  Henry 
Funk,  John  Miller,  and  Hans  Frans,  lying  along  the 
Little  Conestoga,  and  having  a  mill  on  it. 

Sept.  10,1811,  John  B.  Haldeman,  of  Donegal,  and 
Ann,  his  wife,  sold  to  Josei)h  Charles,  of  Manor,  land 
beginning  at  the  river  for  six  thousand  five  hundred 
dollars.  This  tract  embraced  one  hundred  and  thirty- 
four  acres,  and  contained  [)art  of  four  tracts,  the  one- 
half  part  of  which  Jacob  Gish  and  his  wife  Mary  sold 
to  John  B.  Haldeman,  Dec.  17,  18U8.  The  above 
tract  was  allotted  to  John  B.  Haldeman  in  1809,  by 
writ  of  partition.  He  married  a  daughter  of  Steman, 
who  owned  the  land. 

Andrew  Kaull'man,  who  had  obtained  a  patent  for 
four  hundred  and  si.\ty-two  acres  in  Manor,  died  in 
1737.  His  sons  were  Cliri.tiun,  Michael,  John,. Facob, 
and  Isaac. 

James  McMaster  and  his  wife  Elizabeth,  May  14, 
17G4,  sold  to  George  Mann,  J(din  Mann,  and  Bernard 
iMann  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres,  adjoining  the 
lands  of  John  ICeagy,  Jlichael  Thomas,  Jlicliael 
Kautt"man,  and  James  McMaster's  other  land. 

The  Shumans  settled  in  the  vicinity  of  Washing- 
ton borough,  where  their  descendants  still  live.  The 
JIanns  settled  a  little  farther  eastward,  where  their 
descendants  now  dwell,  near  Washington  borough. 

Nov.  21,  1734,  a  jiatent  was  given  to  James  Patter- 
son and  his  wife  Susanna,  as  joint  tenants,  for  two 
hundred  acres. 

In  1741,  Jacob  Hostetter  by  a  patent  obtained  two 
hundred  and  thirty-five  acres.  His  sons  were  John 
and  Abraham. 

Jlichael  Atkinson,  a  Scotch-Irishman,  who  had  re- 
ceived a  patent  for  fifty  acres  on  the  north  side  of 
Conestoga   Manor,  left   a  widow,   Ann,   and  several 

Susan  Connelly,  widow,  of  Lancaster,  sold  her  two 


hundred  acres,  formerly  James  Patterson's  two  hun- 
I  dred  acres,  to  John  Keagy,  who  made  a  will  in  Au- 
!  gust,  1783,  and  gave  the  same  farm  to  his  sons,  Jacob, 
I  John,  Hudolph,  and  Isaac. 

I       Nicholas  Houghentogler  settled   near   the  site  of 
[  the  present  Breneman's  tavern  in   175S.      The  Eev. 
I  Christian  Hershey,  a  Jlennonite  preacher,  a  promi- 
nent character  among  his  brethren,  settled  in  Manor 
j  in   1777,   taking   u])  one  hundred    and   eighty-eight 
]  acres  of  land.     Valentine  Miller  and  his  wife,  Mary, 
I  settled  in  Manor  in  175G.     He  left  four  sons,  John, 
Valentine,    Jacob,    and   Matthias,  and   a   daughter, 
Elizabeth,  married  to  Christian  Stoner.     John  took 
:  land  along  the  Conestoga,  and  Jacob  and  Matthias 
]  land  at  the  river. 

I  Abraham  Miller  settled  east  of  Breneman's  tavern, 
which  was  built  in  1793,  and  was  formerly  known  as 
Mann's  tavern. 

Jacob  Miller  lived  on  a  farm  of  one  hundred  and 
fifty  acres  along  the  northern  line  of  Manor,  which 
i  farm  he  bought  of  John  Keagy  and  Anna  Nov.  21, 
I  1750.  In  1755,  Jacob  Miller  sold  the  above  farm  to 
Tobias  Steman.  Part  of  this  land  belonged  to 
!  Thomas  Ewing  in  1739.  In  1758,  Tobias  Steman 
;  sold  it  to  Christian  KanlVmaii. 

The  tract  embracing  the  old  Indian  Town  came  into 
I  the  possession  of  the  Musser  family  afler  the  destruc- 
tion of  the  Conestoga  tribe.  March  4,  178G,  J(ilin 
I^Iusser  sold  one  hundred  and  sixteen  acres  of  Indian 
Town  to  Christian  Mellinger,  and  in  1793,  Christian 
Mellinger  sold  it  to  John  ^Mellinger,  father  of  the  late 
Dr.  Mellinger  and  grandfather  of  the  present  Dr. 
Jlellinger.  The  land  on  which  the  old  Indian  Town 
was  located  is  now  owned  by  Jacob  Habecker. 

On  Feb.  2,  ISIG,  John  Leman  and  his  wife,  Eliza- 
beth, of  Hempfield,  John  Funk  and  his  wife,  Alice, 
of  Franklin  County,  Pa.,  John  Witnier  and  Ann,  of 
Manor,  Barbara  Bare  and  -Alary  Bare,  spinsters,  of 
Conestoga,  who  wei^;  grandchildren  of  Adam  Kendig, 
sold  fifty  acres  each  to  John  Steman,  of  Manor. 
Adam  Kendig,  who  owned  one  hundred  and  twenty 
acres  in  Martic  township,  made  a  will  in  1804,  leaving 
his  son.  Christian,  seventy  acres. 

The  islands  ojijiosite  the  lower  end  of  Washington, 
four  in  number,  were  called  the  "Isles  of  Promise." 

George  Shuman  settlol  in  Manor  in  1772  on  the 
upper  end  of  Turkey  Hill.  Hl-  left  four  son-,— 
Michael,  John,  Henry,  and  Adam.  The  Sliumans 
afterwards  settled  in  and  anmnd  the  present  borough 
of  Washington,  where  their  descendants  yet  live. 
Jacob  B.  Shuman,  now  (1883)  seventy-nine  years  of 
age,  who  was  three  times  a  member  of  the  Legisla- 
ture, the  last  time  of  the  State  Senate,  has  a  large 
farm  jusr  easi  of  Washington  borough,  and  on  this 
farm  is  the  house  built  by  John  Keagy  and  Anna,  his 
wife,  in  175G. 

To  tlie  eastward  of  Jacob  B.  Shaman's  farm,  on  the 
opi-osite  sides  of  the  road,  arc  the  firms  owned  by  the 
brothers  John  S.  Mann  and  George  S.  Mann.     These 


952 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


are  among  the  i)riiicipal  f:irm8  in  the  t(nvM^hi]l,  and 
are  the  leading  farms  in  tlii.s  vicinity. 

.Conestoga  ."Manor  was  surveyed  lur  the  use  of  the 
Proprietary  in  1717-lS,  aecordiug  to  the  following- 
order  to  Jacob  Taylor,  surveyor-general : 


Coiie-toga  ereek,  from  the  mouth  of  said  creek  as  hir 
up  the  river  as  the  land  already  granted  to  Peter 
(;li;iitier,  and  then  hyaline  running  from  the  said 
river  to  Conestoga  creek,  all  which  tract  of  land  for 
the  proper  use  and  behoof  of  William  Penn,  Esq., 
Proprietary  and  Governor-in-Cliief  of  the  said  Prov- 


ice,  . 


hands,  March  1,  1717-171S.' 

chasers.      This   survey    included    more    than    IG.oiiii 
acres.     It   was  afterwards  sold   in  small    trael^   and 
l)atented.      The   following    were   the    prijieipal    pat- 
entees: Israel  Pemberton,  3o0  acres,  date  of  patent, 
Oet.  1,  1723;  the  ile.ssrs.  Wright,  1600  acres,  Dec.  13,  | 
17:'.'i,  sold  afterwards  in  smaller  parcels  to  John  Herr, 
Andrew  Stineman,  Daniel  Lintner,  Jacob  Killliaver, 
lUidy  Herr,  Jacob  Frantz,  Godfrey  Klugh,  Matthew 
(Jberholtzer,  Rudy  Herr,  Jr.,  John  Killhaver,  Chris- 
tian  Hershey,   Andrew   Kautliiuin ;    James  Pattison,  j 
107   acres,  Nov.  21,  1734;   James   Logan,  700  acres,  I 
July   1-5,   1737,  afterwards  held   by   George  Brenner,  ' 
Philip    Brenner,   Ghristian    Sioulfer,   Caspar   Souler, 
Adam  Fisher,  Valentine   Unmmel,  Lawrence  Clitfer, 
t'hri-tian  Stake;    Michael   lianghman,  4Sy,   Michael   i 
:\Liyer,  131  acres,  both  Feb.  I'O,  1738;  Michael  Mayer,  j 
Sr.,  217  acres,  Oct.  10,  1737;   Abraham  Steiner,  03  j 
acres,  Jlay  3,  1740;  John  Wistler,  107  acres,  July  3,  | 
1741;  Jacob  Kuutz,  100;  Anna  Ottila  Betty  Kolfer,  ! 
100;  Jacob  Hostetter,  475;  John  Shank,  1U7  acres,  July   | 
30,1741;  EdwardSmout,  113  acres,  June  21,1743;  Mi-  ' 
chael  Baughman,  339,  May  28,  1752  ;  Abraham  Hare, 
424,  April  22,  1751 ;  Jacob  Wistler,  125,  Valentine  Mil- 
ler, 140,  both  May  25, 1750  ;  Martin  Funk,  237,  Dec.  18, 

1758  ;  Jacob  Wistler,  202  ;  Jacob  Shuck,  185,  Aug.  18, 

1759  ;  Abraham  and  John  Miller,  89,  Valentine  Ilaith, 
2'J,  Robert  Beatty,  220,  February,  170U;  Samuel  Herr, 
247,  John  Keagy,  188,  Henry  Funk,  150,  Jacob  Wist- 
ler, 173,  Ludwich  and  Friedrich  Ziegler,  209,  June, 
1700;  John  Witmer,  77,  Abraham  Miller,  204,  Ru- 
dolph Hen,  170,  Jacob  Witmer,  77,  November,  1701 ; 
James  McMaster,  247,  April,  1701 ;  John  Keagy,  150, 
Henry  Funk,  177,  David  Hare,  195,  John  Miller,  150, 
George  Adam  Dustier,  112,  John  Correll,  209,  Chris- 
tian Stoner,  244,  all  dated  1701  ;  Michael  Kaulfman, 
1 10,  John  Kauffinun,  118,  Jacob  Kaulfman,  107,  Chris- 
tian KaufTman,  103,  .Alichael  Kaulfman,  118,  Abtn- 
ham  Slciner,  200,  John  Wormley,  115,  Jacob  Wistler, 
I'J,  John  Kreemer,  184,  Bartholomew  Butt,  40,  John 
Grair,  130,  all  dated  1702;  Philip  Ulweiler,  39,  Ben- 
jamin Miller,  220,  David  llyre,  .)r.,  94,  Peter  Snyder, 
60,    llenrv    AtkniM.n   and    Adam    Higging,  49,    i'eler 


Witmer,  132,  dated  1703;  John  Miller,  60,  Jan.  19, 
1764;  JohnNewcomer,109,  Joseph  Nelson,  109,  Jacob 
Wisler,  178,  Mary  Wright,  119,  1707  ;  John  Kendrick, 
558,  Jame.  Pratt,  232,  1708;  Henry  Buckley,  150, 
1709;  William  Wright,  257,  1770;  Ulrich  Rebur,  232, 
John  :\Ianning'  105,  1772  ;  Jacob  Ashleinan,  340,  1774; 
Indian  Town,  411;  Hlue  Uoek,  SOO.  Fractions  of 
acres  are  ..milte.l. 

"Thomas  Penn  eslinuited  the  value  of  Conestoga 
Manor,  being  sixty-five  miles  from  the  city  of  Phila- 
deli)hia,  13,400  acres,  at  £40  per  hundred  acres,  £5300, 
Pennsylvania  currency.  There  is  no  date  to  the  pa|ier 
from  wdiich  this  extract  is  madr."' 

The  foregoing  extract  slious  wIkj  took  up  land  in 
Manor  during  the  period  before  the  Revolution.  The 
lands  of  the  township  continued  to  be  divided  among 
new  purchasers.  Farms  were  cultivated  in  every  por- 
licjii.  Turkey  Hill  and  the  tract  in  the  northwestern 
part  began  to  be  settled,  and  grist-mills  and  saw-mills 
were  erected  in  all  parts.  Land  was  then  valued  at 
from  twenty-five  to  thirty  dollars  per  acre.  Good 
horses  were  valued  at  ninety  dollars,  and  cows  at  fif- 
teen dollars.  Timber  was  cut  down  and  large  tracts 
were  rapidly  cleared  and  converted  into  highly- 
pro(luctive  fields,  and  orchards  were  planted.  The 
village  of  Millersville  was  laid  out' before  the  Revo- 
lution, and  a  tavern  was  erected  on  the  site  of  the 
present  "Black  Horse"  about  1769  or  1770.  The 
toil  and  industry  of  the  Swiss  and  German  settlers  in 
Manor  m,ou  made  that  town.hii,  the  nu.st  higlily- 
produelive  agricultural  district  in  the  county.  A 
Mennonite  )iieetiiig-house  was  early  erected  in  the 
centre  of  the  township,  on  the  land  now  owned  by 
C.  B.  Herr.  The  northern  boundary  of  Jlanor  was 
pushed  about  a  mile  and  a  half  north  of  the  original 
line.  Following  is  an  assessment-list  of  Manor  for 
1780,  during  the  period  of  the  Revolution: 

\cliBnmui.  I'ailt.  Domini,  Blicbuel. 


Brenner,  Jacub. 

Brenner,  tbilip. 

Brenner,  George  (AJam's  »on) 

Berg,  .laeob. 

Bonn,  Jac„b. 

Bonn,  Widuw. 

Bender,  Miel.ael. 

Kb.-riy,  lleniy. 
E.hki.ian.Jolin 
E=bleinan,  Jaco 
Krisn.an,  George 

Khrbard,  Daniel 

BuU,  Henry. 

Khrlicb,  Cluisti 

Bachn.an,  Cl.ristiiin. 
Baelnnan,  Miclmel. 

Kb,-rly,  Mattiiev 
l.-raia/.,  Jacob. 

Behni,  Galniel. 
Benly-iuger,  Mattbias. 
Brand,  Frederick. 
Bear,  Jacob. 
Curell,. Jacob. 

I.-uiKk,  Samuel. 
Funck,  Jlenrv. 
Knock,  Ma, tin, 
funk,  Jolin  IbM 
luidi,  lU-nry  (o 

Cuniday,  William. 

Deraller,  Adam. 

Dobcli,  Geortre  (1  negro;. 

l-umk,  Jacob. 
Fnnck,  John. 
iMsbcr,  A.lani. 

MANOR  TOWNSHIP. 


Frey.Jolm. 

IVg,  F,x-d.rick. 
Forseigli,  James. 
FnulM,  DaviJ. 

Kremer,Jol.n(uldi. 
Kauf.nan,  AuJrow. 
Kaufman,  Jauob  (miller,  1  r 
Kegy,  Jacob. 

lill). 

Sauer,  Philip. 

;;bock,Ja.-ob. 
Shuck,  Jacob. 

Funck,  liu.iolph  (we 
Kinstei.iKKhei,  Fred 

ver). 
erick. 

Kegy,  Jacob  (executor  for  I 
King,  Charles. 

aac). 

StantTer,  Abmm 

Fniick.  Hc-„ry. 
Giobb,  John  (liiud). 
GoudmHu,  Jiia.b  (1  ii 
fiaiidur,  Martin. 

ill). 

Kaufman,  .\n.irevv  (old). 
Lindner.  Daniel. 
Lockert,  Thomas. 
I,.iljrman,  Adam. 

Shirk,  John. 
Shallenberger,  C 
Steman,  Christ! 
.Seis,  Jacob. 

GerI.er,  Cliribtian, 
Gessler,  Jul,n. 
Hillegar,  Conrad. 

Unv.,  Ca.i.er. 
Lil/.oberger,  Adam. 
Lazaru.-',  I'eter. 

,    Schenck,Jol,n. 
'    Shopf,  Henry. 
■    Shortzor,  Wido% 

Wright,  Josei-h. 
Wright,  Tlioma 


Hershey.  Chris 


Ilan.pton,  John. 

Sillier,  llenrv 

Heller,  Michael. 

Mour,  lienjan. 

Henry,  William. 

Mom,  John. 

Hostetter,  John. 

Jl.ior,  Widow. 

Hopp,  Frans. 

McDonald,  Sa 

Har,  JohnlllavidUar'a 

son). 

Mosser,  Yost  ( 

llarr.  l;ndol|.h  (oil-mill 

er,  1  mill). 

Man,  liarnard 

Hershey,  Chrisli.in  (old 

Man,  John. 

Illslaiid,  Henry. 

Mellinger,  Ber 

Habecket,  Jos.-ph. 

Martin,  Isaac. 

Habecker,  Christian. 
Holl,  Peter. 

Jlent/.er,  Fred 
Jlaitin,  David 

Hosteller,  Abram. 

Jleve,,,  Peter. 

Harr,  Christi.tn  (old  Ab 

■am's  Son). 

McManue.  Wi 

Harr,  Abrum  ,old,  1  m 

h. 

Miller,  Abram 

Harr,  John  (old  Abram 

s  son). 

Miller,  Abiaui 

Heishey,  Christian. 

.M.llii,i.'er,  Jac 

Hinckle,  John. 

M.C..imack,\ 

albrun,  Widow. 

Nc^coioet,  Chrislia 

oUuian,  Frederick. 

Neft,  Henry  imnkee 

mmel,  Jacob. 

N.-ll,  Henry  Long. 

o.ks,  James,  Esq. 

N.  wconiel,  Chiistiau 

lebiel,  Jacob. 

Neff,  John. 

nniiiuglmm,  Hugh. 

N.IT,  Henry  (old  He 

aufiiian,     Christian      (Uoiiib 

1-      Newcomel,  John  iw 

ger's  brother-in-law). 

Neair,  Jacob. 

eller,  John  iniilK-r,  1  uiilD. 

Xestieniad.Christia 

orrell,John. 

Uhhveyler.  Cbristiau 

riniwall,  Abram. 

Pi  all,  James. 

a.ilIinai,,John, 

I'atloii,  Thomas. 

ailfln,un,.lacob(old). 

Peters,  Abram. 

lebill,  Petri. 

Pey,  Abram. 

ai.rin.ui.  Christian  (old). 

Peters,  Henry. 

Kuntz,  Peter 
Kiiidig,  Dani 
Kauduan,  la, 


lialhfong,  Leonard. 

Segnst,  Jac.b  (Old). 
Shenck,  JohnjOld). 

Sneyder,  llodlip. 


der,  Henry, 
nlfer.  Christian 
yder,  Peter. 


Shi 

dey,  John. 

Sill 

ing,  George. 

Sne 

•der,  Michae 

Sm 

th,  Abram. 

She 

rtzer,  ,»oliu. 

She 

,k,  Michael. 

Sta 

fer,  John. 

Wissler,  Rudolph. 
Wertz,  Widort. 
Wallert,  Rupert. 


Kaullman 
Kumniel, 

N'ell,  Hem 


Dou 


,  Clu 


Eshlemaii,  Henry. 


Heligart,  Thomas. 
Steg,  Adam. 


I    Shallenberger,  Jacob.  Pratt,  William. 

1    Histand,  John.  Patton,  Thomas. 

I   Kaufman,  Isaac.  Kaufman,  Jacob. 

Slarlin,  Christian.  Miller,  Henry. 

:    Wituier,  Peter.  Halbrun,  Casper. 

'  Dr.  John  Connolly  occupied  a  very  conspicuous 
but  unt-iiviable  po.sitiou  during  the  struggle  of  tlie 
Anieriuaii  colonies  to  estitblish  their  independence. 
His  is  an  historical  character  and  desefves  some  no- 

j  tice  at  our  hands.  What  induced  him  to  become  a 
Tory,  whether  from  the  tainted  blood  of  his  father, 

i  or  early  ttssociation,  or  direct  bribery Ijy  Lord  Dun- 

I  more,  will  never  be  known.  Like  Burr,  he  may  have 
taken  a  despertite  plunge  to  retrieve  a  fortune  lost 

j  and  attain  great  political  power. 

I       He  was  born  in  JLinor  township  in  the  year  1744, 

I  upon  the  farm  owned  by  .rauu-s  Patterson,  the  old 
Indian  trader,  and  his  wife  .Sdsdiiici,  whu  owned  the 
landas  tenants  in  common.  Ili.s  mother  was  formerly 
Mrs.  Patterson,  a  very  remarktible  wuiiuin.  If  she 
was  the  first  wife  of  Mr.  Patterson,  they  must  have 
been  married  in  Ireland  as  early  as  1708.  When 
Mr.  Patterson  died  in  October,  1735,  their  children 
were  Susanna  (Lowry),  Sarah  (Chambers),  James, 
Kebeccii,  and  Thomtis.  In  1736  Mrs.  Patterson  mar- 
ried Thomas  Ewiiig,  a  Presbyterittn,  and  member  of 
Donegal  Chiirch,  as  wtis  also  Mr.  Patterson,  by  whom 

I  she  had  two  sons,  to  wit:  James  Ewing,  who  was  a 
captttin  in  the  French  and  Indian  war,  and  a  distin- 

>  guislied  general  and  statesman  in  the  Revolutionary 
war,  and  John,  who  was  also  a  captain  in  the  war  of 
independence. 


954 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


In  1743,  Mr.  Ewing  died,  and  within  a  year  after 
she  married  an  Irisli  officer  named  John  Connolly, 
who  had  been  a  surgeon  in  the  British  service.  He 
was  a  strong  Roman  Catholic.  By  this  husband  she 
Iiad  one  son,  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  After  lier 
husband's  death,  which  took  place  about  the  year 
1747,  she  removed  to  Lancaster.  Slie  had  a  great 
deal  of  wealth,  and  it  is  j)resumed  that  she  sent  her 
son  to  the  best  schools  the  town  afforded.  She  died 
in  1755,  and  it  is  supposed  that  her  son  was  placed  in 
charge  of  Col.  George  Croghan,  who  was  his  uncle. 
Where  or  with  whom  lie  studied  medicine  is  not  now 
known,  but  lie  doubtless  became  attached  to  a  roving 
and  adventurous  life  while  traveling  with  his  uncle 
Croghan,  whose  business  as  an  ludian  trader  took  him 
among  the  tribes  in  the  far  West.  After  the  conquest 
of  Canada  by  the  English,  and  the  subjugation  of  the 
Indians  by  Col.  Biujuet,  the  French  agreed  to  surren- 
der all  of  their  forts  and  |io.-.seasions  east  of  the  .Ahs-i,- 
sippi  River. 

Lieut.-Col.  Wilkins  was  sent  out  to  the  Illinois  to 
take  command  of  tliat  department.  He  arrived  there 
on  the  5th  day  of  September,  ITCS,  and  took  command, 
and  set  up  a  civil  government.  A  number  ot  the  offi- 
cers were  from  Virginia  and  Pennsylvania,  and  he 
seems  to  have  been  followed  by  a  large  iiuiuLier  of 
Indian  trader... 

David  Franks,  an  Imlian  trader  and  merchant  of 
Pliiladelphia,  was  cuiiiuiisjaiy  of  =ub>i>Lciice  and  jU|i- 
plied  the  Royal  Irish  Regiment.  A  number  of  these 
Pennsylvania  Indian  traders,  probably  Wharton, 
Boynton,  Gratz,  and  Croghan,  established  a  very  ex- 
tensive store  at  Kaskaskia.  On  the  Sth  day  ol  De- 
cember, 1768,  Dr.  John  Connolly  came  to  the  Ka-,- 
kaskia  store  and  purchased  some  loaf-sugar,  Bohea 
tea,  tallow  candles,  and  a  pint  of  rum,  and  on  the 
Oth  instant  he  purchased  various  articles  for  house- 
keeping, such  as  knives  and  forks,  spoons,  table  cloth,, 
tea-kettle,  etc.  He  purchased  at  this  store  almost 
daily,  and  among  the  articles  were  large  quantities 
of  rum.  It  is  possible  that  he  went  with  a  detach- 
ment of  troops  as  surgeon.  We  find,  however,  that 
on  the  II  til  day  of  February,  1709,  he  formed  a 
partnership  with  Joseph  iloUingshead,  formerly  of 
Burlington,  N.  J.,  and  purchased  at  the  Ivaskiiskia 
store  goods  amounting  to  four  thousand  nine  liundrL-d 
and  si.\ty-nine  pounds,  twelve  shillings,  and  sixi)ence, 
and  also  boats  and  bateaux  for  one  thousand  pounils. 
These  purchases  were  followed  quickly  by  several 
other  large  purchases. 

On  the  1st  of  August,  17(!'J,  for  the  first  time.  Dr. 
Counolly's  wife  is  charged  with  several  articles  upon 
the  bo(jks  of  the  company,  and  we  infer  that  he  mar- 
ried her  in  that  place.  She  was  doubtless  the  daugh- 
ter of  an  Indian  trader,  perhaps  of  Dennis  Jlc- 
Croghan,  who  may  have  been  the  brother  of  Gol. 
George  Croghan.  The  adventures  of  Connolly  and 
IloUingshead  doubtless  resulted  in  a  financial  faiUm-, 
for  Connolly  suddenly  left  the  neighborhood  in   the 


spring  of  1771,  greatly  in  debt.  He  went  up  the  Ohio 
to  Pittsburgh,  where  he  met  Lord  Dunmore,  the  Gov- 
ernor of  Virginia,  and  came  to  the  Ohio  to  look  after 
the  ihterests  of  Virginia,  claiming  jurisdiction  over 
the  western  part  of  Pennsylvania. 

The  adventurous,  bold,  and  dashing  character  of 
Connolly,  and  his  knowledge  of  the  country  beyond 
the  Ohio  and  of  numerous  Indian  tribes,  whose  lan- 
guage bespoke  fluently,  led  Dunmore  to  make  a  bar- 
gain with  him.  He  was  given  two  thousand  acres  of 
land  at  the  Falls  of  the  Ohio,  where  Louisville  now  is  ; 
was  made  commandant,  with  supreme  power,  at  Fort 
Pitt,  the  name  of  which  Dunmore  changed,  callin<: 
it  after  himself.  A  majority  of  the  most  prominent 
settlers  in  that  part  of  Pennsylvania  then  claimed  by 
Virginia  accepted  the  very  liberal  terms  offered  to 
them  by  Dunmore,  and,  in  consequence,  they  seemed 
to  prefer  to  live  under  that  jurisdicti'm  rather  than 
under  Penn's,  who  would  not  consent  to  allow  any 
settlers  on  the  land  along  the  Ohio  until  they  fir-t 
purchased  it  from  the  Indians,  which  was  done  late 
in  the  fall  of  17Gs  at  the  treaty  at  Fort  Stanwix. 

Connolly  found  thi-;  divided  allegiance,  and  he  took 
decided  and  violent  measures  to  coerce  the  adherents 
of  the  Penns  into  the  support  of  Dunmore.  He  un- 
dertook to  abolish  the  Justice's  Court  at  Hannas- 
towii  by  imi'iiMining  the  justices,  some  of  whom  he 
<eiit  to  prison  at  Staunton,  Va.  His  violent  ami 
reckless  conduct  brought  on  Indian  hostilities,  whicli 
was  retaliated  by  Civsip  and  others  and  an  Indian 
war  was  the  result. 

Lord  Dunmore  adhered  to  the  fortunes  of  the  cor- 
rupt king  (if  England,  and  when  iiieasures  were  taken 
to  punish  the  rebels  at  Boston,  he  was  using  violent 
measures  in  Virginia  to  coerce  tlie  people  into  the 
sui>port  of  the  king  and  Parliament.  Connolly  sided 
witii  Dunmore  and  left  the  Ohio,  where  it  was  be- 
coming uncomfortably  warm  for  him,  and  found  his 
way  to  Boston,  where  he  received  a  colonel's  com- 
mission in  the  Uritish  service  from  (Jen.  Gage.  He 
returned  to  li.iltimore  with  his  commission,  and 
started  for  the  Ohio  and  the  lakes  with  the  intention 
of  raising  a  regiment  among  the  Indians,  with  the  in- 
tenti(Ui  of  making  war  upon  the  frontier  settlers. 

When  pa-~sing  through  Hagerstown  upon  horse- 
back, with  a  single  com[ianion,  he  was  arrested  by 
the  "iTiinnle-uien". 111.1  taken  jirisoner  to  LancastJr 
and  I'liiladelpbia,  w  lii'ic  he  was  thrown  into  jail. 
Hiscommi-Moii  wa-^  Imnid  concealed  in  his  saddle- 
bags. .\lter  leiiiaiiiin;.'  in  jail  for  .several  months,  his 
half-brother,  (ieii.  .fame,  ''-wing,  became  security  for 
his  good  behavii.r.  He  was  paroled  iind  sent  to  the 
plantation  ol'  (ien.  iMviiii:,  near  Wrightsville,  and 
part  of  (h. 
farther  tin: 
He  was  tli. 
that  he  wa 

He  wa. 


ndiiion.   were  that  he   was  not  to 

lut  a  short  time  when  it  was  diseovei 
ain  plotting  against  the  colonies, 
rested   and   taken  to  Philadelphia  a 
We  Iind    him   before   the  close  of  t 


MANOR   TOWNSHIP. 


955 


war  ill  Canada.  While  he  lived  he  was  on  half-pay 
of  the  "  Bi-itisli  establishment."  After  the  close  of 
the  war  he  made  an  ellort  to  recover  his  land  at  the 
Falls  of  the  Ohio,  and  attempted  to  enlist  some  army 
officers  in  a  scheme  to  capture  Louisiana  and  set  uji  a 
separate  <;overiunent  in  the  West. 

After  I  he  chne  of  the  Revolutionary  war,  Dr.  Con- 
nolly viMle.l  his  half-brother,  (!cn.  Ew'iw^,  several 
liiuea.  upon  one  occasion,  in  an  unguarded  moment, 
when  seated  at  the  table,  he  boastingly  made  the 
threat  that  the  British  army  would  come  down  from 
Canada  and  conquer  the  United  States.  Gen.  Ewing 
sprang  to  his  feet  and  seized  him  by  the  throat,  and 
was  se))araled  from  him  with  great  difficulty  by  his 
wife.  Both  regretted  the  occurrence  very  much,  for 
they  loved  each  other,  although  they  were  so  widely 
separated  upon  political  questions. 

Had  Dr.  Connolly  chosen  to  take  a  stand  in  behalf 
of  the  republic,  he  doubtless  would  have  attained  a 
very  high  rank.  He  died  in  Caiuida,  and  we  are  not 
aware  that  he  left  any  descendants  there. 

Millersville.-The    principal    village    of    Man.ir 


town^ 


Jlillersville, 


was  founded  over  a 
century  ago  by  John  Jliller,  and  was  first  called  Mil- 
lersburg,  then  Millerstown,  and  lastly  Millersville. 

Oct.  Hi,  173S,  Michael  ]Mayer  took  out  a  patent  for 
two  hundred  nnd  seventeen  acres,  the  buundaries  of 
which  tniMird  a  parallelogram.  Tlie  tr.iet  was  .sit- 
uated i]]  the  ("onestoga  Manor,  near  its  n(jr[heastern 
boundary,  and  was  surveyed  in  Jfay,  1737,  and  the 
original  jiatent  was  given  by  Thomas  Penn,  Esq. 
Michael  Mayer  and  his  wife,  Elizabeth,  conveyed  the 
same  to  their  son,  Micliael  Mayer,  Jr.,  June  22,  17-J.'), 
and  May  8,  174!t,  Michael  ]Mayer,  Jr.,  sold  the  tia.t 
to  John  Miller,  a  blacksmith,  of  Lancaster,  for  si.\ 
hundred  poun<ls. 

June  4,  171)1,  John  Miller  received  a  patent  for  one 
hundred  and  fifty  acres  adjoining  the  a(bres;iid  tract, 
and  also  another  patent  on  the  lOtli  day  of  January, 
1764,  for  si.xty  acres.  Jlarcii  29,  1704,  he  inirchased 
■  eight  and  three-fourths  acres  from  John  Correll 
(Charles)  and  Magdalena,  his  wife,  who  had  received 
a  patent  for  the  same  July  23,  17G1.  These  tracts 
contained   about    four   hundred   and   sixty-two   :icre<. 

Kantfman.  In  17til  he  laid  out  a  town  in  five-acre 
lots,  subject  to  an  annual  quit-rent.  In  the  same  year 
he  laid  out  a  street  upon  the  four  sides  of  one  of  liis 
largest  purchases.  The  small  tract  of  eight  and  tliree- 
fourths  acres  lay  on  the  south  side  of  the  street,  near 
the  site  of  the  Normal  School.  Some  of  the  first  ni 
these  five-acre  lots  were  purchased  b)'  Paul  Ilausnian, 
wlio  sold  two  of  them  to  Abraham  Peters,  father  id 
tlu^  late  .\brahain  Peters,  who  was  born  in  the  place 
in  171)1,  and  wdio  remained  a  resident  of  the  place 
until  his  death  in  1882.  The  original  deed  is  in  the 
possession  of  the  Peters  family,  and  bears  date  17G4, 
referring,  however,  to  Oct.  1(J,  1738,  at  wdiich  time  the 
tract   was   purchased   by  Micliael  Mayer.     The  lots 


purchased   by  Abraham  Peters,  Sr.,  with  two  addi- 
tional ones  of  five  .acres  each,  or  a  parcel  containing 

I  ten  acres,  bought  by  Abraham  Peters.  Sr.,  from  Jacob 

I  Sinn,  still  renmin. 

i       .\s  early  as.  17(14,  Ilausnian  ke|it  a  tavern  here  "on 

!  the  site  of  the  pieseut   ISIaek  Horse,  erected  by  the 

j  late  Abraham  Peters  in  ls_'.-..  There  was  a  store  here 
as  early  as  ITilli  ui    1770,  bul  the  only  one  of  which 

I  anv  record   e.xi-ls   was  that   keiit  by  Philip  Shi-ssler 

I  about  17s:i. 

John  Miller,  the  founder  of  the  town,  occujued  a 
house  on  the  present  property  of  Abraham   Frantz. 

i  There  are  two  buildings  yet  standing  that  were  erected 
before  the   Revolution.      One  is  a   tenement-house, 

j  now  owned  by  Henry  Lintner.  It  was  built  by  Jacob 
Sinn.     The  other  stands  nearly  oppo^ite,  on  the  Blue 

I   Rock  road. 

A  post-office  was  established  in  this  village  as  early 

'  as  1820,  the  commission  coming  to  the  late  Abraham 
Peters  through  James  Buchanan.  John  Lintner 
made  an  addition  to  ^lillerstown  in  1810,  otherwise 
the  boundaries  are  the  same  as  at  first  laid  out.  The 
addition  made  by  Lintner,  and  called  Lintner's  divis- 
ion, embraced  that  part  ot  Millersville  on  the  road 
from  the  "  Black  Ib.rse"  Hotel  t,.  Lancaster. 

Millersville,  spread  over  an  area  of  over  two  miles, 
has  never  become  a  compact  village.  The  ])rincipal 
thoroughfare  is  the  turnpike  leading  fmm  Lancaster 
to  •Millersville,  which  wa,  established  in  18311.  Tlie 
village  has  made  considerable  progress  of  late,  and  is 
tu)W  the  largest  unincorporated  town  in  Lancaster 
County,  having  a  pupulation  of  over  twelve  hundred. 
Millersville  has  impiuveil  much  within  the  last 
twelve  years.  It  imw  has  three  general  stores,  one 
grocery-store,  one  shoe-store,  one  agricultural-imple- 
ment store,  one  agricultural-implement  manufactory, 

I  three  hotels,  four  coach-nianufactories,  one  lumber- 
yard, two  coal-yards,  a  luniiber  ol'cigar-manufactories, 

'  and  other  business  pkiees. 

Millersville  has  five  eliurclies,— one  Methodist  Epis- 
copal, one  Evangelical,  one  Reformed,  and  two  Lu- 
theran Churches.  The  first  church  edifice  was  erected 
in  184.'!,  jointlv  by  the  Lutheran  and  Reformed  con- 
gregations. Ilnth  of  these  had  church  organizations 
here  lung  pri.n  to  this  ,iaie,  as  iiad  also  the  .Metli- 
udists,  who  afterwards  erected  a  plain  frame  edifice. 
The  Evangelical  congregation  erected  a  plain  brick 
house  about  half  a  mile  west  of  the  Normal  School,  on 
the  turnpike  leading  to  Safe  Harbor,  in  1852.  This 
liuilding  was  enlarged,  and  a  steeple  was  added  in 
isoo.  The  Methodists  erected  a  large  new  two-story 
brick  building  clo.se  to  the  Normal  Schoolin  18G9-70. 
The  Lutheran  and  Reformed  congregations  each 
erected  large  two-stmy  brick  edifices  with  large 
steeples,  on  the  main  street,  between  the  .Vurmal 
School  and  the  "Black  Horse  Plotel,"  in  1S71.  .V 
small  Lutheran  congregation  erected  a  small  but 
neat  brick  buildin;;  not  far  west  of  the  Normal  .Schotil 

I  in  1870. 


956 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


In  June,  1874,  the  htreet  railway  from  Lancaster  to  | 
Millersville  was  constructed  at  a  cost  of  forty  thousand  | 
doUars,  and  it  is  one  <if  tlie  chief  iMi|)rijveinents  of  I 

daily  between  the  two  phcces. 

Tlie    leading   citizens    <>(    .Miller.-,ville    are    Ja.'dl. 
Pickel,  a  large  proiierty-dwner,  wh<i  iive^  in   a  larue 
three-story  brick  dwelling  about  one-lourth  mile  west  i 
of  the  Normal  School  ;  his  son-in-law,  Jacob  F.  War-  ,' 
fel,  confectioner,  w  ho  lives  with  him  ;  Henry  Bowman,  i 
merchant,  whose  dwelling  and  store  are  directly  op-  ' 
posite;  Dr.  ]'.  \V.  Hiestand,  dentist,  a  short  distance  i 
farther  westward,  who  owns  and  occupies  a  large  and  j 
elegant tliree-story  dwelling;  Andrew  H.  Howard,  con-  ' 
fectioner,  opposite  the  Normal  School  ;   the  ludtber.-- 
John  and  Henry  Lintner,  living  at  the  upper  end  of 
the  town.     In  the  southwestern  part  of  the  village, 
about  half  a  mile  wot  of  the    Normal  School,  is  a  ; 
steam  saw-mill  and  a  coal-  and  lumber-yard,  owned 
and  conducted  by  Nuiiemaker  iV  Levenite.     Samuel 


Shenk  has  an  agricultura 
upper  end  of  Millersville, 
grocery-store,  an  agricultu 
coal-3'ard  nearly  opposite. 
at  the  u|iper  end  of  the  vi 
andMrs.  .Mary  A.  lIo.,i;Ul 
end.  Smith  cV  HolUrd  an 
at  the  low 
and  wagon 


ry  at 


and  John  Stauller  ha.' 
al  implement  store,  am 
Amos  Baker  has  a  sti 
lage,  and  Henry  Bowm 
.rliave>tore.sal  the  luv 
eoach-  and  wa-oa-n,ak 
end.  Abraham  Breneman  is  a  coa( 
aker  in  the  same  inirt  of  the  village,  a 


his  shop  is  connected  with  those  of  Benjamin  F.  Esli- 
elman  and  Cyrus  Standjaeh,  blacksmiths.  Aiilhony 
Ernst  is  a  blacksmith  and  a  cuach-  and  wagou-maker 
on  the  street  leading  from  llie  Normal  School  to  the 
"Black  Horse."  Abner  Livengood  is  a  coach-  and 
wagon-maker  at  the  ujiper  end  of  JMillersville,  just  on 
the  west  side  of  the  "Black  Horse  Hotel."  Harry 
Shaub  is  a  blacksmith,  ju.st  oi)posite  the  "  Kl.uk 
Horse  Hotel."  Henry  Immel  is  a  blackMuuli.  .\1- 
mus  M.  Brubaker  is  a  saddler  at  the  lower  end  of  the 
village.  Amos  Fenstermaker  has  a  cigar-  and  to- 
bacco-store at  the  lower  end.  William  Widmyer  has 
a  barber-shop  in  the  .>ame  building,  which  is  owned 
by  Jacob  Pickel.  Dr.  ]\Iilton  T.  Ileeder  has  a  drug- 
store close  by.  Dr.  JI.  T.  Ileeder  is  a  practicing 
physician  at  the  lower  end  of  the  town,  and  Dr.  Ben- 
jamin F.  Herr  at  the  upper  end.  Daniel  H.  Lintner 
is  a  justice  of  the  peace.  A.  0.  Newpher  is  post- 
master, and  has  his  residence  in  the  lower  end  of  tlie 
village;  he  is  also  an  attorney-at-law,  having  his 
office  ill  Lancaster.  There  are  almost  twenty  cigar 
manufacturers  in  the  village.  For  a  long  period, 
until  about  twenty  years  ago,  there  were  about 
many  coopers'  in  the  place,  but  the  number  has 
ually  dwindled  down,  and  there  are  now  Imt  th 
be  found  iu  all  this  e.xtensive  village.  Jame^  K 
and  his  son,  Henry  Keemer,  are. carpenters. 


grad- 


kept  by  John  H.  ^liller 

the  ' 

Black  Horse,"  so  1 

mo- 

owned  by   the   kite   Abr 

ham 

Peters,  is  now  kep 

bv 

I'.eiijamin  F.  Daily;   an 

1  the  1 

otel  at  the  eastern 

•nd 

of  thcvillage,  in  Lintm 

r's  Di 

vision,  by  tniri>tiai 

B. 

Herr. 

The  t.iwn  has  two  practicing  dentists,  Dr.  P.  W. 
llie-tand  and  Dr.  A.  S.  .Miller,  both  living  at  the 
lower  end  of  the  village  on  opposite  sides  of  the 
street.  Dr.  McCalla,  a  retired  dentist  and  founder  of 
the  State  Dental  Association,  of  which  he  was  once 
[(resident,  resides  in  their  immediate  neighborhood. 

There  have  been  only  two  new  streets  laid  out  in 
Millersville  since  the  firsts  and  these  in  the  la^t  few 
years.  The  private  dwellings  recently  erected  in  the 
place  are  fine  structures,  either  brick  or  frame. 
Among  the  most  elegant  residences  may  be  men- 
tioned those  of  Dr.  P.  \V.  Hiestand,  David  Laiidis, 
Jacob  Landis,  Tobias  Stehman,  Andrew  H.  Howard, 
Jacob  S.  Gamber,  the  residence  of  the  late  Abraham 
Peters,  Henry  Lintner,  and  a  number  of  others. 

>lilh  r-vilK-  had  about  fifteen  years  ago  three  secret 
ori;aiiizalioris.  The  -Vinerican  Jlechanics  had  a  lodge, 
but  it  hail  only  an  existence  of  a  few  years.  The 
Cxood-Fellows  was  another  secret  organization,  whose 
lodge  was  as  short-lived  as  the  American  i\Iechanici. 
The  Good  Templars  maintained  an  organization  at 
this  place  for  nearly  a  (|uarter  of  a  century,  and  only 
disbanJed  a  few  years  since.  It  was  called  Samai  itan 
Lodge,  and  although  at  lirst  organized  and  conducted 
by  citizens  of  the  village,  wa.s  for  the  last  fifteen  years 
mainly  conducted  by  and  cmnposed  of  Normal  School 
students,  the  great  le.ider  and  mainstay  id'  the  lodge 
being  Saiiiiul  (I.  r.ehiuer,  who  since  18il4  has  been 
steward  ot  the  .\om„;,|  .--^ihool.  Mr.  Behmer's  en- 
thusi.astic  devotion  to  the  cause  of  temperance  and 
his  zeal  for  the  sU|.iH.rt  ol'  the  lodge'was  for  a  long 
time  seconded  l>y  olheis,  but  eventually  the  lodge 
dwindled  down  and  was  tinally  obliijed  to  ,liss,,]ve,  the 
members  joining  els;;wheie. 

Union  Hall  was  erected  in  IHIII,  and  was  owned  by 
Christian  ileii,  II  uas  bought  by  Jacob  Pickel  in 
1871,  and  is  still  owned  by  him.  it  is  located  in  the 
lower  end  of  Millersville,  beside  Mr.  Pickel's  resi- 
dence. It  is  a  large  three-story  frame  structure.  On 
the  second  floor  is  a  large  hall-room  for  the  meetings 
of  open  societies,  for  lectures,  political  meetings,  con- 
certs, e.Khibitions,  balls,  public  entertainments,  fairs, 
and  public  gatherings  in  general.  On  the  third  floor 
is  a  large  lodge-room. 

Millersville  has  had  for  a  hmg  time  two  large  public 
school  buildings,  eacli  with  two  large  school-rooms. 
Both  these  school-lnmses  are  brick  structures,  and  are 
supplied  with  bell  and  cupola,  with  the  latest  im- 
proved school  furniture,  and  with  all  the  necessary 
school  apparatus.  The  Iriuse  in  the  lower  end  of  the 
village  is  a  two-story  building  with  two  school-rooiiis. 
The  house  in  the  central   part  of  the  village  is  a  hjiig 


The  State  Normal   School.— Tl 


istltl 


MANOR   TOWNSHIP. 


957 


officially  designated  as  the  State  Normal  School  of 
Pennsylvania  of  the  Second  District,  but  is  jioiiuhirly 
known  as  the  Millersville  State  Normal  Scliool.  It 
is  located  in  the  town  of  Millersville,  fiHir  miles 
southwest  of  the  city  of  Lancaster,  witli  whiih  it  is 
connected  by  an  excellent  tnrniiike,  ajid  alsn  by  :i 
street  railway.  The  school  thus  possesses  all  the  ad- 
vantages of  a  country  location,  with  <lirert  city  con- 
nections, and  is  convenient  of  access  from  every  p.-irt 
of  the  State. 

Tlie  Millersville  Normal  -School  is  one  of  the 
largest  State  Normal  Schools  in  the  United  States. 
The  buildings  cover  an  area  of  about  thirty  thousand 
sijuare  feet,  or  nearly  three-fourths  of  an  acre.  The 
number  of  students  vary  from  six  hundred  and  fifty 
to  eight  hundred  a  year.  During  some  years  it  has 
reached  nearly  nine  hundred.  The  number  of  pro- 
fessors and  instructors  is  from  twenty  to  twenty-five, 
varying  with  the  number  of  students.  The  number 
of  persons  employed  in  the  management  of  the  board- 
ing department  averages  about  thirty,  makiii>;  a  total 
of  about  fifty  oflicers,  instructors,  and  emphivi's  neces- 
sary for  the  complete  running  of  the  institntiun. 

The  origin  of  the  school  at  Millersville  was  due  to 
the  large-heartedness  and  courage  of  a  handtul  of 
citizens  iii  the  little  village  which  it  has  made  so 
conspicuous.  And  their  struggles  and  s;i,  rilii c-,  per- 
sonal ami  pecuniary,  to  lay  the  foundalmn-  of  what 
developed  into  this  splendid  educational  mstiiution, 
is  a  chapter  in  the  early  school  history  of  Penn- 
sylvania, which  must  survive  the  institution  itself. 
After  the  school  became  a  success  friends  flocked  to 
it  in  scores.  But  the  names  of  L.  M.  Hobbs,  Barton 
B.  Martin,  Daniel  S.  Bare,  Jonas  B.  Martin,  Jacob 
11.  Barr,  John  Brady,  which  are  inscribed  on  the 
marble  tablet  in  the  old  building  of  1854,  formed 
the  nucleus  about  which  as  "  the  founders"  must 
gather  whatever  of  credit  belongs  to  the  slartinir  of 
the  celebrated  school,  out  from  wlms^.  uiilU  up  to 
this  time  have  come  twenty  thousand  stiidc-nis  tn 
dispense  broader  Icarnin.j;  and  ampU-r  edu.atinnal 
facilities  in  the  cnmm.mwualth.  The  foundrrs  wer.- 
all  humble,  plain  men  iii  their  way,  but  involved 
with  a  desire  for  higher  educational  privilcj;es  inr  the 
community.  L.  M.  Hobbs,  the  village  sdHxilniaslrr, 
suggested  the  erection  of  an  academy.  1!.  I'..  Martin 
seconded  the  suggestion  with  a  liberal  subsrripl  inn, 
being  the  only  man  of  wealth  in  the  party,  so  I  iir  idra 
took  root  and  grew,  and  the  present  am|ile  iliiiRMisimis 
and  widespread  influence  are  the  result  of  the  initia- 
tive of  these  two  men.  The  others  name<l  above  each 
contributed  according  to  his  mciins ;  om-  siut  his 
horse  and  cart  to  assist  in  digging  the  foundations; 
another  superintended  without  pay;  another  took 
the  subscription-list  among  his  neighbors.  It  was  a 
labor  of  love  full  of  discouragements  at  the  begin 
ning;  but  by  dint  of  coaxing  for  funds  among  tin 
rarmers,  and'appealin-  t..  bb.aally-disposrd  ,ili/,rn- 
elsi'whciv,  and  l.y  generous  subseriptioas  llicmsrlvcs 


the  first  directors,  not  without  many  vicissitudes, 
succeeded  in  constructing  the  original  building  which 
they  called  the  Millersville  Academy.  The  extent 
of  their  «indertaking  will  be  perceived  when  it  is  re- 
membered that  even  in  18•^5  the  county  of  Lancasler 
had  many  people  ho.stiIe  to  free  schools  and  the  de- 
velopment of  the  free  school  system.  The  State  had 
not  yet  to  any  extent  become  the  patron  of  educa- 
tion. The  whole  system  was  new  and  untried. 
Millersville  became  the  seat  of  the  pioneer  Normal 
School,  because  from  the  buildings  and  facilities 
that  she  put  at  the  disposal  of  the  public  thus  early, 

!  men  like  Hon.  Thomas  Burroughs  and  Professor  J. 

I  P.  Wickersliam  recognized  a  spirit  friendly  to  educa- 

I  tion  and  full  of  sympathy  with  the  new  system. 

In  the  winter  of  lS5-l-rir)  the  trustees  of  the  new  in- 
stitution, B.  B.  ^Martin,  John  Brady,  D.  S.  Barr,  J.  B. 
Martin,  Jacob  Iv.  Barr,  learning  that  the  county  sujier- 
intendent  of  Lancaster  County  was  desirous  to  secure 
a  building  in  which  to  hold  a  three  months'  teachers' 
institute,  oflered  their  large  and  commodious  structure 
gratuitously.  They  promised  to  supply  the  want  of 
boarding  accommodations  by  jirivate  hospitality,  and 
beside  pledged  themselves  individually  for  one  thou- 
sand dollars  towards  defraying  the  expenses.  Such 
was  the  spirit  that  animate<l  the  founders  of  this  cele- 
brated school,  and  the  zeal  they  manifested  in  its 
behalf  brought  it  friends. 

This  otTer  was  accepted  by  Professor  Wickersliam, 
and   a  successful   institute,   opening  on   the    17th   of 

i  April,  1855,  was  held,  nunibrriiig  cjue  hundred  and 
thirty-five, students.  The  faculty  of  this  Normal  In- 
stitute consisted  of  the  following  persons:  J.  P.  Wick- 
ersham,  A.M.,  Principal  an<l  Professor  of  the  Theory 
and  Practice  of  Teaching;  J.  F.  Stoddard,  A.M.,  Pro- 

i  lessor  of  Mathematics;  t'oiiielius  Walker,  A.M.,  Pro- 
fessor of  Reading  and  Eloriitinii;  li.T.  Coniwell,  Pro- 
fessor of  (irammar,  et.-.;  Swavne  Wickersham.M.D., 
Profes.,,r  of  (.'hen.isto-  and  Plivsjoloirv  ;  Dr.  (.'.  Cut- 
ter, Dr.  A.  H.  Crini-haw,  and  Pn.tr,,or  .lames  Th.imp- 
sn„,  lecturers  ,ni  various  ol.|erts  of -tudv  :  (i,C,  Haw- 
thorne, Ks.p,  l'rinrip.,1  of  the  Kastcni  Mod.^l  School  ; 
Amos  llor,i,  Prin.ap.d  ..f  I  !,.■  Westn  n  Mo.hd  Scluxd. 
The  t«  o  public  srhouls  of  the  town  were  used  as  model 
Mhool-..  This  normal  inMitiile  was  a  great  success, 
and  l.iid  the  toundatioii  iiiion  wliieli  theState  Normal 

.\t  ll,eelo.e,,ftle.  Noiaial  I  u-titute,  the  trustees  of 
the  academy  decided  to  enlarge  their  building  and 
establish  a  permanent  institution,  under  the  name  of 
the  Ijaneaster  Countv  Normal  Scliool,  and  elected  as 
its    principal    Professor    John    F.  Stoddard,   who   had 

1 n  Prnfc-orof  Matliemalie-durin-tlieXormal  In- 

sthute.      This   sel 1  opened  on  the.'ld  of  November, 

IS.-,:,,  with  the  lollouui-  laeully:  .1.  K.  Stoddard, 
A.M.,  Principal;  Iviuaid  llrooks,  Prufes-or  of  (Iram- 
niarand  Khetorie  ;  K.  T  Coinwell,  Pr., lessor  of  Nat- 
ural Seien,-es;  S.  ( '.  A-iiew,  Professor  ,,f  Latin  and 
Creek;   .Mrs.    H.   Marh-    Ihooks,   Teacher   of    Music; 


958 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COlIiNTY. 


Jliss  E.  Augusta  D;irt,  Teacher  of  Geography  and 
Drawing;  Mr.  L.  M.  Ilobbs,  Steward.  The  school 
continued  in  session  for  a  term  nf  five  months,  and 
numbered  over  one  hundred  students.  In  the  spring 
of  1856,  Professor  Wickersluun,  county  superintendent, 
united  a  three  months'  county  institute  witli  the 
Normal  School.  During  tlie  summer  Proi'e.ssor  Stod- 
dard resigned  his  i)Ositiun  as  principal,  and  Professor 
J.  P.  Wickersliam  was  elected  his  successor,  Professor 
Wickersham  resigning  his  ofiice  as  county  superin- 
tendent to  accept  the  position.  The  school  opened 
again  on  the  second  Monday  of  October  with  the  fol- 
lowing faculty:  J.  P.  Wickersham,  A.M.,  Princijial 
and  Profe.ssor  of  Mental  and  Moral  Science  and  the 
Theory  and  Practice  of  Teaching;  Edward  Brooks, 
Professor  of  Mathematics;  R.  I.  Cornwell,  Professor 
of  Grammar  and  Philosophy;  E.  B.  Weaver,  Assist- 
ant Teacher  of  Mathematics;  Mrs.  H.  Marie  Brooks, 
Teacher  of  Music  ;  Miss  E.  Augusta  Dart,  Teacher  of 
Drawing  and  Painting;  Miss  S.  T.  Wickersham, 
Teacher  of  Grammar  and  Geography;  Mi-s  E.  McV. 
Budd,  Teacher  of  Reading ;  Miss  S.  E.  Bolton,  Assist- 
ant Teacher  of  Grammar  and  Arithmetic.  Mr.  L.  M. 
Hobbs  was  the  steward  until  1858,  when,  on  his  res- 
ignation, Mr.  D.  S.  Bare  was  elected  as  his  successor. 
The  school,  now  permanently  organized,  entered 
upon  that  career  of  prosperity  and  success  for  which 
it  has  been  so  widely  celebrated.  With  a  clear  idea 
of  a  teacher's  preparation  and  work,  broad  and  com- 
prehensive views  of  educational  principles,  executive 
and  administrative  abilities  of  the  highest  order.  Pro- 
fessor Wickersliam  gave  ten  yearsof  devoted  and  suc- 
cessful labor  to  the  school.  Some  of  the  principal  facts 
indicating  the  growth  and  success  of  the  school  un- 
der his  administration  will  be  briefly  enumerated. 
To  accommodate  the  increasing  number  of  students, 
in  1857  the  building  was  enlarged  by  an  addition 
thirty  by  forty-six  feet,  increasing  the  size  of  the 
chapel  and  furnisliing  additional  recitation  rooms. 
In  1857  the  Normal  School  law,  i)repared  by  Dr. 
Thomas  H.  Burrowes,  who  had  been  a  warm  friend 
of  the  school  and  a  wise  counselor  of  its  authorities 
from  the  beginning,  was  passed  by  the  State  Legis- 
lature. In  order  that  the  institution  might  conform 
to  the  requirements  of  the  law  and  become  a  State 
normal  school,  the  grounds  were  enlarged  and  a  new 
building,  forty  by  one  hundred  and  twelve  feet, 
erected  at  a  cost  of  over  twenty  thousand  dollars, 
and  on  the  3d  of  December,  1859,  the  school  was 
formally  recognized  as  the  first  State  Normal  School 
in  Pennsylvania.  In  compliance  with  the  law.  Pro- 
fessor Wickersham  organized  a  model  school,  or 
school  of  practice,  which,  under  thesuperintendency 
of  Professor  'M.  D.  Wickersham,  a  brother  of  the 
principal,  attained  a  high  degree  of  excellence,  and 
became  a  model  for  the  other  similar  schools  of  the 
State.  In  1864  the  department,  of  boarding,  which 
bad  previously  been  iji  private  hands,  was  united 
with  the  department  of  instruction,  and  all    placed 


under  the  charge  of  the  principal,  and  so  judicious 
was  the  management  that  when  he  resigned,  in  1866, 
I  every  cent  of  tlie  obligations  for  improvements  had 
been  pjiid,  and  the  school  was  left  free  from  debt. 
Besides    these   achievements   in   organization. and 
[  building,  Ih'ofessor  Wickersham  gave  great  cxcellenoe 
and  reputation  to  his  department  of  the  training  of 
teachers.     The  theoretical   part  of  the  professional 
;  training  was  given    by  carefully-pi-ei)ared    lectures, 
presenting  broad  and  comiirehensive  views  of  educa- 
tion, and  clear  and  ]>ractical  directions  for  the  work 
I  of  teaching.     These  lectures  attracted  wide  attention, 
and  were  subsequently  embodied  in  his  two  works  on 
I  education,  "  School  Economy"  and  "  Methods  of  In- 
j  struction,"  works  of  recognized  ability  and  high  ex- 
j  cellence,  which  have  aided  in  giving  their  author  not 

only  a  national,  but  also  a  foreign,  reputation. 
[       In  the  summer  of  ISGO,  on  the  resignation  of  Pro- 
t  fessor   Wickersham,  Professor    Edward   Brooks    was 
I  elected  principal  of  the  school.   Professor  Brooks  had 
been    connected  with   the   institutiou  since  1855   as 
])rofessor  of  mathematics,  and  by  his  skill  as  an  in- 
structor and  the  publication  of  his  normal  series  of 
arithmetics,  had  given  the  school  a  reputation  for  its 
i  mathematical  training  and  contributed  largely  to  its 
t  i)opularity  and  growth.     Full  of  energy  and  enthu- 
siasm, an  accomplished  and  experienced  teacher,  and 
possessing  a  high  ideal  of  scholastic  culture  and  pro- 
!  fessional  training,  he  seemed  especially  fitted  to  carry 
1  on  the  work  so  well  begun.     During  his  administra- 
I  tion  many   important  changes  were   made   and  im- 
I  provements    effected    that    indicate    the    continued 
growth  and  prosperity  of  the  school,  and  constitute  a 
part  of  its  history.     The  principal  of  these  will  be 
briefly  enumerated. 
I      To  accommodate  the   increasing  jiumber  of  stu- 
dents in  1SG8,  an   addition   to  the  ladies'  building, 
ninety  by  forty  feet,  was  made,  which,  with  the  fui- 
nishing,  and  some  other  needed  improvements,  cost 
about  $20,000.     The  business  of  the  school  in  a  iew 
I  years  amounted   to   from  §70,000  to  $80,000  a  year, 
I  and  finding  the  method  in  use  inadequate  to  insure 
'  the  satisfactory  care  and  exhibit  of  income  and  ex- 
penditures, a  complete  reorganization  of  the  business 
management  was   effected  on  a  plan  of  great  sim- 
(  plicity  and   accuracy.     In   1874,  the   school   having 
I  again  outgrown  its  accommodations,  a  large  central 
building,  one  hundred  and  thirty  by  sixty  feet,  was 
erected,  affording  a  new  chapel,  recitation-rooms,  li- 
t  brary-rooms,  dining-room,  etc.     This   is  the  largest 
I  and  most  important  improvement  ever  made  to  the 
building,  and  with  its  furniture  and  other  accompauy- 
'  iiig  expenses  cost  about  $50,000.     The  building  com- 
'  mittee  consisted  of  Abraham  Peters,  Edward  Brooks, 
Jacob  il.  Frantz,  Jacob  G.  Peters,  Andrew  M.  Frantz, 
George  Levan,  and  P.  W.  Hiestand,  whose  names  are 
inscribed  on  a  marble  tablet  set   in  the  wall  of  the 
■  chapel.     A   further    improvement   consisted    in   con- 
I  vertin"  the  old  chapel  and  recitation-rooms  into  stu- 


MANOR   TOWNSHIP. 


959 


dents'  rooms,  and  raising  tlie  gentlemen's  wing  of  tlie 
building  one  story,  the  cost  of  wliich  was  about 
¥10,500.  About  the  same  time  the  grounds  wei-e  en- 
hirged  by  the  purchase  of  several  acres  of  land  lying 
across  tiie  street  in  front  of  the  school,  at  a  cost  of 
fifteen   hundred   dollars,  to   [jrevcnt   the  erection   of 


ipcirta 


administra 
stock   of  t 
origina 
been    i 
shares. 


the  institution.  For  the  erccti,.i]  of  ihe 
building,  and  the  earlier  additions,  stock  had 
iUed  amounting  to  about  eleven  hundred 
I'hich  at  the  par  value  of  twenty-five  dollars 
was  worth  twenty-seven  thousand  five  hundred  dol- 
lars. This  stock,  for  many  years  almost  valueless, 
selling  as  low  as  two  ur  three  <lollars  a  share,  was 
gradually  bought  up  by  a  few  business  men.  To  avert 
the  disaster  that  would  have  resulted  from  the  pay- 
ment of  dividends,  the  stockholders  were  induced  to 
agree  to  tlie  adoption  of  a  plau  by  which  the  stock 
should  be  purchased  at  its  ]jar  value  and  canceled, 
Ijrovided  that  any  who  would  might  contribute  stock, 
the  contributors  having  the  power  to  elect  twelve  out 
of  the  eighteen  members  of  the  board  of  trustees. 
In  pursuance  of  this  plan  nearly  two  hundred  shares 
were  contributed,  and  the  balance,  over  nine  hundred 
shares,  were  purchased  and  canceled,  the  expense 
being  paid  out  of  the  net  earnings  of  the  school. 
All  these  improvements  and  changes,  in  connection 
with  the  purchase  of  philosophical  apparatus,  increase 
of  library,  and  purchase  of  niusical  instruments,  cost 
over  one  hundred  and  ten  thousand  dollars,  and  so 
successful  was  the  school,  and  so  careful  the  manage- 
ment of  its  finances  that,  on  the  resignation  of  Pro- 
fessor Brooks,  in  1883,  the  school  was  in  a  condition 
to  pay  the  entire  indebtedness,  which,  with  tlie  ex- 
ception of  fifty  thousand  dollars  received  from  the 
State,  had  been  saved  out  of  the  net  earnings  of  the 
school. 

This  enlargement  of  the  body  of  the  schocd  was  but 
an  inilication  of  the  development  of  its  intellectual 
life  and  the  steady  increase  in  its  popularity  and  etH- 
ciency.  The  success  of  the  school  was  due  mainly 
to  two  causes :  first,  the  thorough  and  practical  in- 
struction given  in  the  different  branches,  and,  second, 
the  excellence  of  the  methods  adopted  for  the  pro- 
fessional training  of  the  students  for  teachers.  In 
order  to  elevate  the  scholastic  standing  of  the  school, 
the  departments  of  instruction'  were  more  definitely 
arranged,  a  new  departjjient  of  English  literature 
established,  the  salaries  of  the  instructors  raised,  and 
ellbrts  made  to  secure  distinguished  ability  at  the 
head  of  each  'department.  In  the  department  of  pro- 
fissioual  instruction,  two  things  were  emphasized  : 
a  thorough  knowledge  of  the  nature  of  the  mind,  and 
a  practical  knowledge  of  the  inductive  method  of 
primary  instruction;  jmd  the  repntatiun  of  the 
school   for  its  course  in   mental  philosophv  and   the 


excellence  of  its  methods  in  primary  instruction  at- 
tracted wide  attention,  and  drew  to  its  halls  students 
from  nearly  every  jjart  of  the  State.  Out  of  the  pro- 
fessionai  training  of  the  stinli-Mt-tcacliers  grew  Pro- 
fess(U'  Brooks'  two  tnalise^  on  education,  "Normal 
ilethods  of  Teaching"  and  ".Mental  Science  and 
(.'ulture,"  Works  wliirh  ixteiidcd  the  ri-putation  of 
111,-  scho.,1  and  of  ihcii  audior.  His  sltIus  of  normal 
aiithnictics,  algebra  and  gronirtrv,  wlii.-h  wore  widely 

tulion  and  attia.'led  stud.-uls  toil.  Tb,- gioxMb  of 
the  institution  is  also  very  largely  due  to  the  skill 
and  devoted  labors  of  a  very  able  faculty,  many  of 
whom  have  attained  a  State  reputation,  and  several  of 
whom  have  become  poimlar  authors  of  works  which 
advertised  the  school  and  increased  its  popularity 
and  patronage.  Besides  this  the  great  skill  and  elfi- 
ciency  manifested  by  its  graduates  and  students,  many 
of  whom  became  distinguished  as  county  and  city 
superintendents,  principals  of  high  and  graded  schools, 
and  professors  in  normal  and  other  schools,  helped 
to  extend  the  rei)Utation  of  the  school  and  fill  its 
halls  with  students.  All  these  agencies  and  influ- 
ences have  combined  not  only  to  place  the  school  at 
j  the  head  of  the  Normal  Schools  of  the  State,  but  to 
1  win  for  it  a  national  rei)utatiou  of  wdiich  any  institu- 
l  tioii  might  be  proud. 

I      The   teachers   who  have   especially  aided    in    the 
I  growth  and  prosperity  of  the  school,  many  of  whom 
are  still  connected  with  it,  deserve  mention  in  this 
sketch.     They  are  as  follows:  A.  II.  Byerly,  A.M., 
Professor  of  Latin  and  Greek,  elected  in  1859,  widely 
known  as  an  able  thinker  and  a  popular  and  efficient 
instructor ;  E.  B.  Weaver,  Professor  of  Natural  Sci- 
ence, elected  in   1857,  died  in   1863;  M.  D.  Wicker- 
sham,  Superintendent  of  Model   Sclipol,  elected    in 
1859,  resigned   in    1861 ;   J.  Willis  Westlake,  A.M., 
Professor  of  English  Literature,  elected  in  1809,  au- 
thor of  "  Three  Thousand  Practice  Words,"  "  How 
to  Write  Letters,"  aiul  "  Common  School  Literature ;" 
Thomas  K.  Baker,  Ph.D.,  Professor  of   Natural  Sci- 
ence, elected  in  1868,  author  of  "  Natural  Philosophy" 
and  "Chemistry"  ;  J.  V.  Jlontgomery,  A.M.,  Profisssor 
of  Drawing  and  Penmanship,  elected  in  1861,  Super- 
intendent of  the  Model  School,  author  of   a  system 
of  drawing;  B.  F.'Shaub,  A.M.,  Professor  of  Natural 
Science,  elected  in  1869,  and  resigned  after  two  years 
1  to   accept  the   office  of  county   superintendent;    E. 
Oram  Lyte,  A'.M.,  Professor  of  Grammar  and  Book- 
keeping, elected  in  1869,  author  of  "Practical  Book- 
keeping,"  "  Forms  of   Parsing  and   Analysis,"  and 
"  English  Grammar" ;   D.  M.  Sensenig,  M.S.,  Profes- 
j  sor  of  Mathematics,  elected  in  1870,  resigned  in  1875; 
Frank  Albert,  JI.E.,  Professor  of  Jlatheinatics,  elected 
'  in  1873;  Joseph  H.  Landis,  M.E.,  Superintendent  of 
!  the  Model  School,  elected  in  1875;  II.  Marie  Brooks, 
I  Teacher  of  Music,  elected  in   1855;  Annie  E.  Hart- 
'  man.  Teacher  of   Grammar  and   French,  elected   in 
I   ISOfi,  for   many  years   preceptress,  resigned    in    1881  ; 


960 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Jane  E.  Leonard,  Teacher  of  Llistory  and  Geography, 
elected  in  1863,  resigned  in  1875;  Eliza  G.  Westlake, 
Teacher  of  Reading  and  Elocution,  elected  in  18G7; 
Annie  Lyle,  Teacher  of  History,  elected  in  1873,  now 
preceptress;  Mary  McJ.  Lyte,  Teacher  of  Geography, 
elected  in  1872.  The  steward,  Mr.  S.  G.  Behnicr, 
elected  in  IStJo,  has  also  given  many  years  of  devntcd 
and  eflicient  labor  to  the  school. 

The  trustees  who  have  been  especially  interested 
and  efficient  in  the  management  of  the  institution  are 
as  follows:  Abraham  Peters,  elected  president  of  the 
board  of  trustees  in  185(5,  and  lield  the  office  until  his 
death  in  1882;  George  K.  Reed,  electeil  in  18C6,  and 
made  president  of  the  board  in  1882;  Jacob  JM.  Frantz, 
elected  in  185G,  and  for  many  years  chairman  of  tlie 
finance  committee;  Jacob  G.  Peters,  electi-d  in  isilt, 
and  for  many  years  chairman  of  the  hoLisclidld  com- 
mittee; Andrew  M.  Frantz,  Esq.,  elected  in  Isijl,  and 
for  many  years  secretary  and  chairman  of  the  com- 
mittee on  grounds  and  buildings;  Dr.  P.  W.  Ific^taml, 
elected  in  1857,  for  many  years  treasurer  and  chairman 
of  committee  on  instruction  and  discipline;  George 
Levari,  elected  in  1862,  and  for  many  years  chairman 
of  committee  on  library  and  school  furniture  ;  B.  R. 
Martin,  elected  in  1856;  John  Brady,  elected  in  1856; 
J.  R.  Barr,  elected  in  1856;  J.  B.  Martin,  elected  in 
1856;  Jacob  R.  Shenk,  elected  in  1856;  D.  S.  Bare, 
elected  in  1856,  for  several  years  secretary  and  treas- 
urer; Hon.  Thomas  H.  Burrowes,  elected  in  1857; 
Henry  Bowman,  elected  in  186U;  Hon.  A.  E.  Roberts, 
elected  in  1865;  David  Hartman,  elected  in  1858,  died 
in  1881;  Christian  B.  Herr,  elected  in  18,-,(i;  Hon. 
John  Strohm,  elected  in  1861;  Hon.  .lohn  11.  WarlVl, 
elected  in  1S72;  Hon.  John  M.  Stchmaii.  cic.t.-d  in 
1873;  Hon.  John  B.  Livingstone,  elected  in  IsT'l; 
Hon.  A.  L.  Hayes,  elected  in  1860;  Jacob  llMi-urAu. 
elected  in  1870;  Abraham  Frantz,  elected  in  isiil, 
several  years  secretary;  Charles  Dennes,  Esq.,  elected 
in  1865,  several  years  secretary ;  Levi  S.  Reist,  elected 
in  1873;  Dr.  S.  T.  Davis,  elected  in  1866;  Dr.  John 
AV.  Hess,  elected  in  1867,  etc. 

In  the  spring  of  1883,  upon  the  resignation  ofPro- 
fe.ssor  Edward  Brooks,  who  had  been  connected  with 
the  school  twenty-eight  years,  eleven  as  I'nil'e^sor  i.f 
jSIathematics,  and  seventeen  as  principal,  I'ldle^-^m- 
B.  F.Shaub,  superintendent  of  Lancaster  ('oiiuty  and 
a  gradtiate  of  the  school,  was  elected  as  his  .sncees-,or. 
The  eminent  qualifications  of  Professor  SInuili  give 
promise  of  an  administration  of  great  jjopiilarity  and 
success,  and  the  future  historian  of  the  county  will 
have  the  pleasure  of  adding  another  bright  page  to 
the  history  of  the  Norm.al  Schoid. 

The  Manor  Turnpike  Company  was  chartered  in 

and  other  wealthy  farmers  in  the  vicinity  ;  it  wasiiltrr- 
wards  extended  to  Safe  Harbor,  but  that  part  beyond 
Millersville  has  long  since  been  neglected.  The  .Manor 
or  Millci^ville  ;ind  Lancaster  turnpike  now  (udy  runs 


I  School.  The  turnpike  from  that  point  to  the  Cones- 
[  toga,  running  southward  one  mile,  is  owned  by  John 
Shober.  The  turnpike  branching  from  the  main  r,)ad 
at  the  Black  Horse  Hotel,  at  the  upper  end  of  Mil- 
lersville, and  running  westward  one  mile  to  I>aac 
Groff's  mill  on  the  Little  C'.mestnga,  w;is  built  at  the 
s.-ime  time  as  the  main  tnini.ike.  The  Millersville 
an.l  Lancaster  turnpik.-  l,;,s  been  well  kept  up  year 
after  year,  and  is  one  of  the  finest  turnpike^  in  the 
:  county. 

I  The  late  Abraham  Peters,  who  was  all  his  life  a 
'  resident  of  Millersville,  was  b.u-n  here  in  1791,  and 
i  died  in  1882,  at  the  age  of  ninety  years.  He  was  long 
a  leading  citizen  of  the  tfiwn,  and  was  its  most  wealthy 
iidiabitant.  He  erected  the  present  "Black  Horse 
Hotel"  in  1825.  He  was  the  first  jiostmaster  of  Mil- 
lersville, being  appointed  in  1820.  He  was  also  a 
member  of  the  Legislature  during  the  winter  of  1861- 
62.  He  was  a  leading  member  of  the  boMrd  of  trus- 
tees of  the  State  Normal  School,  of  which  in^titution 
he  was  one  of  the  founders.     He  was  for  a  long  time 

Safe  Harbor.— Israel  Nestleroad,  who  kept  a  tavern 
in  ^lanor,  at  the  nicintli  ot'  the  Conestoga,  took  out  a 
patent  for  Sandy  I-land  in  Isll.  In  1812  he  sobl  it 
to  Martin  Stoulfer,  .lohn  Stoull'er,  John  Sourbeer,  and 
I  Christian  Knei^ly.  Millport  (Safe  Harbor)  was  laid 
'  out  on  the  riulit  bank  of  the  Conestoga  Creek,  at  its 
!  mouth,  in  1811.  The  lot-holders  in  1815  were  Philip 
I  Brenner,  William  l'.u-~liiiin,  .Tolin  Beam,  Adam  Fogle 
I  (storekeeper),  John  Funk,  S.jphia  Wright,  Jacob 
'  Guck  (cooper),  H.iirv  llollman,  Henry  Klein,  Sam- 
uel Kimmens,  Danul  K'einli-,  Jolni  Kendig,  and 
Catharine  Logan,  .lac.b  .Miller  and  the  Widow  Mil- 
ler laid  out  the  town,  .lohn  M.irlin  was  aUo  one  of 
the  original  residents.  I-rarl  Xe.tler.>;id  was  the  inn- 
keeper during  the  earlier  \  ears  of  S.ile  1  larb.or.  Jacob 
Logan  and  Christian  Kneisly  were  al-^o  lot-holders, 
the  Strasburg  Company,  in  which  Mike  Withers  was 
a  prominent  stockhofder,  held  some  of  the  lots  here. 
Christian  Otto  and  .b.hn  rndiach  were  aKo  lot-h<dd- 
ers  about  the  -an.e  lin.e.  11. Hip  Trban  u.is  an  inn- 
keeper in  l.Sll.  The  Manor  >ide  .if  the  Safe  Harbor 
made  -low  piogres>.  In  the  course  of  time  the  iron- 
works on  the  ( 'onrMoga  -ide  made  that  part  a  place 
of  some  importance,  but  lli..se  works  .eased  running 
on  a  lar-e  scale  in  IStil,  and  the  place  ha.>  fallen  into 
insignilieance.  'f  he  ( '..luml.i.i  an.l  Port  Dei.osit  Rail- 
roa.F  passes  elm. ugh  the  l.iwer  en, I  of  Safe  Harbor. 
The  depot  is  on  the  Manor  side,  where  a  small  but 
I  neat  and  substantial  iVan.e  Iniihling  has  been  erected 
as  {L  ticket,  e.xpr.-s,  iV.i-lit,  and  telegraph  office.  A 
line  trestle-work  bri.lge  .r.^-se,  the  Conestoga  at  its 
ni.mth.  There  isa  li..tel  near  the  depot,  which  has 
ill  the  i>a--t  few  Year-- b.'en  kept  by  Benjamin  :\Iarkley. 
I'l.arle-  ,1.  Rh...le-^,  who  lives  in  the  central  part  of 
the  Manor  siile  ..f  the  village,  is  the  leading  citizen 
,,f  that  .-ide  of  Sate  llarb-'-r.  On  the  Manor  si.le  of 
Safe   Harbor   there   is  a   large  bill.ju.t  back  of  the 


MANOR   TOWNSHIP. 


eptions 


buildings,  whicli  are  all,  witli  tv 
on  tlie  street  along  the  Coiiestoga.  The  other  few 
dwellings  are  along  the  road  leading  tu  Millersville 
and  Ttirkey  Hill. 

Fairview. — The  town  of  Fairview,  about  two  niile« 
south  of  Columbia,  and  just  north  of  the  borough  of 
Washington,  was  laid  out  in  ISll.  It  contained 
forty-one  building  lots  on  fifteen  and  a  half  acres  of 
ground  on  the  bank  of  tlie  Susquehanna  liiver.  The 
lots  were  disposed  of  by  lottery  by  Stahl,  innkeeper, 
Xov.  1,  1811.  The  town  was  laid  out  in  streets,  and 
is  often  called  Sliultztown,  from  the  many  families  by 
the  name  of  Shultz  residing  there.  In  the  old  flour- 
ishing days  of  rafting  there  were  three  taverns  in  the 
place  for  the  accommodation  of  raftsmen.  One  of 
the  Jlanor  township  school-houses  is  here.  Levi 
Haverstick  is  the  ])roprietor  of  a  Uimber-yiird  and  a 
saw-mill.  The  old  tavern  kept  here-  by  Magdalena 
Stahl  about  seventy-live  years  ago  was  quite  celebrated 
in  its  time. 

Blue  Rock.— The  town  of  Blue  Rock,  just  south 
of  Washington,  in  Jlanor  township,  was  laid  out  Jan. 
7,  1814,  by  Josei)h  Cliarles.  It  consisted  of  two  hun- 
dred lots,  from  lifty-five  to  fifty-two  feet  front,  one 
hundred  and  thirty  feet  deep,  all  fronting  on  streets 
sixty  feet  wide,  e.xtending  to  fourteen-feet  alleys.  This 
landing  was  considered  the  best  ever  offered  for  sale, 
being  nearer  Lancaster  than  any  other  shore  on  the 
river,  and  fifteen  miles  from  Strasburg.  The  soil  and 
timber  was  superior  to  any  other  in  Lancaster  County, 
and  the  tract  was  well  supplied  with  spring-water. 
Being  the  well-known  Blue  Rock  farm,  lot  No.  24  was 
entitled  to  a  new  two-story  dwelling-house,  now  occu- 
pied by  Mr.  Lewis,  and  worth  seven  thousand  dollars ; 
lot  No.  25  to  an   ice-house;  No.  28  to  a  large  new 


barn,  valued  at 

thre 

,  thousand  d 

dlars; 

No. 

10  to  a 

log  dwelling. 

L.>ts 

we 

re  -drawn 

by    lotterj 

,  three 

hundred  and  tli 

rtv 

loll 

irs  being 

paid 

or  e; 

ch  lot, 

one  hundred  ai 

d  th 

rty 

dollars  c 

ish,   w 

hen 

a   (li'c.l 

would  be  made 

)Ut. 

Aft 

erwar<ls  o 

le  hui 

drcd 

dullar. 

were  to  be  paid  Mart 

h  1 

181 0,  iuu 

one  1 

undred  d.,1- 

lars  on   March 

1,1^ 

10. 

.!u>hua  .'- 

lU.lt     1 

lade 

a  |)lan 

and  wrote  dce.K 

,Jo 

Chi 

Charles 

|.t.2 

8,1814, 

before  ; 
grantei 
Blue  Rock,  Lancaste 


ere  cllectca.  There  had  been  a  charter 
.  bridge  across  the  Susquehanna,  from 
Co.,  to  Pleasant  Garden,  Y(n-k 
Co.,  Aprilll,  1793,  but  the  bridge  was  never  built. 
The  lot-liolders  of  Blue  Rock  were  Willian.  l.eui., 
James  Redman,  John  KauU'man,  Franci-.  (iur.li'H, 
John  Getz,  Abraham  Bitner,  Joseph  Kinch,  I'cter 
Protzman,  George  Beitz,  George  Beitz,  Jr.,  and  Peter 
Baclimao.  The  Blue  Rock  farm  is  now  owned  by 
Isaac  Shultz,  of  Fairview. 

Manor  Mills  in  1780.— The  following  mills  were 
in  .Manor  in  17811:  Christian  liurkhodei's  mill,  Jacob 
Goodman's  mill,  Rudolph  Herr's  oil-mill.  Christian 
Herr's  mill,  Jolin  Keller's  mill",  Cliristian  Kautfman's 
mill,  Yost  Slusser's  saw-mill,  and  Jacob  Kaulfman's 


Manor  Mills  in  1820.— The  following  were  the 
liUs  in  Mau.ir  in  1.S20:  Kendig's,  at  the  mouth  of 
le   Ciinestoga;  Mellinger's,  on   the   Conestoga ;    A. 


Ilershtj 
Indian 


Iml 


]!.  II 


Hershi 


un  Run,  near  the  old 
lIrrr->,  Miller's,  Kauff- 
•'s  ,-aw-niill,on  a  stream 
which  empties  into  the  Conestoga  at  Mellinger's 
liiilj  ;  B.  Herr's,  Bender's,  Eby's,  !Mu.ssel man's, 
Stoner's  iti^ohunbia  pike),  Reigart's,  Weiler's. 

Manor  Mills  at  Present.— The  following  are  the 
mills  in  Manor,  on  the  Little  Conestoga :  Brenner's, 
to  the  north  of  JliUersville,  on  the  road  to  the  Co- 
I  lumbia  turnpike  ;  Grotf's,  one-half  mile  northwest  of. 
Millersville,  on  the  road  from  Millersville  to  Wash- 
ington borough  ;  Bickhart's,  one  mile  west  from  Mil- 
j  lersville,  on  the  road  from  Millersville  to  Masonville 
and  Turkey  Hill;  Stehman's,  on  the  old  road  from 
Millersville  to  .Safe  Harbor ;  Landis'  mill  on  the 
West  Branch  of  the  Little  Conestoga,  on  the  road 
from  Millersville  to  Washington  borough  ;  Doerstler's 
mill  on  the  AVest  Branch,  on  the  road  from  Millers- 
ville to  Masonville;  Shopp's  mill  fitrther  westward; 
Taylor's  steam  grist-mill' and  .saw-mills  on  a  small 
stream  just  at  the  upper  end  of  Safe  Harbor.  G.  A. 
Taylor  also  has  a  saw-mill  on  the  same  small  stream, 
1  just  above  Safe  Harbor,  and  Oberholtzer's  woolen- 
mill  is  just  a  little  above,  on  the  same  stream. 

Kneisly's,  Kautluiau's,  H.  M.  Reigart's  (Hoover's), 

[  and  Eby's,  are  on   the  I^ittle  Conestoga,  and  Stauf- 

fer's    (fulling-mill),   on   the  first  sueam    above  Safe 

Harbor. 

Hamlets. — Pittsburgh  is  a  small  village  between 

1  several  large  hills,  cju  the  lower  end  of  Turkey  Hill, 

I  about  one  mile  northwest  from  Safe  Harbor.    There 

I  are  here  a  number  of  dwellings,  a  scliool-house,  and 

I  an  Evangelical  I'liurcli.     Highville  is  located  about 

i  a  mile  north  ..I   Sak-   Harbor,  on  Turkey  Hill,  and 

contains  a   store  and   po.t-ollice,  a  hotel,  a   school- 

hou>c,  and    a    Fniicd    l',icllir.-n   Church.      Creswell, 

farlhcr    iioithwc-t,  on    Turkry    llill.t talus  a  store 

and  post-ollire,   a   bl.KkMiiilh-shop,    an    agiicultural 
I  implement  stoic,  a  sihool-house,  and  an  Evangelical 
I  Church.     Ma.oiivillc,  about  three  miles  west  of  Mil- 
lersville, has  J,,lin  .■^Icievlnian's  hotel,  a  blacksmith- 
I  shop,  and   a  wagon-  and   coachnKiker's  >liop.      It  will 
'  be  seen   that   lluie   aiv   at   prc-riit   (IsSiii   only  three 
'  l)ost-olliccs   ill  Manor  lown-liip.—.M  illersville,  High- 
ville, and   (,'ic-wcll.     lli-hville,  at   first  Called   New 
.M.irkct,  was  laid  hy  William  llreeii,  of  Columbia,  in 
I  liSlG.      Creswell  was  named  alter  Postmaster-General 
I  Creswell  in  the  early  i)art  of  President  Grant's  ad- 
]  ministration,  when  the  ])ost-otiice  was  established. 
Churches. — Manor  townslii|)  has  fourteen  churclies 
and  iiieeting-honscs, — two  Methodist,  one  at  Safe  Har- 
bor and  one  at  Millersville;  three  Evangelical,  one  at 
j  iMillersville,  one  at  Pittsburgh,  and  one  at  Creswell ; 
'  two  Lutheran  and  one  Reformed  in  Jlillersville ;  two 
t  United  Brethren,  one  (Stehman's)  about  two  and  a 
i  half  miles  southwest  of  Millersville,  and  the  other  at 


9G2 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Ilighville;  two  old  Jrennonite  nieetiiig-liouses,  one 
near  Slasonville  and  the  otliei' (Ilahecker's)  about  a 
mile  north  of  Tirenenian's  (Cormefly  JIaiin's)  tavern. 

'l'\,v  Mcihndists  have  un  organization  at  Safe  Har- 
lior  alioiii  half  a  oentury  old,  and  their  church  edifice 
tliere  is  a  frame  structure  almost  as  <jld.  The  build- 
ing has  been  several  times  re|)airc(!.  'i'his  is  tlir  mily 
church  building  in  Safe  Harbor,  ami  the  Mnli.Hji-i, 
are  the  only  religious  body  having  an  organization  in 
that  village.  This  church  is  one  of  the  four  compris- 
ing the  Safe  Harbor  Circuit.  Its  most  noted  pastors 
in  recent  years  have  been  the  Revs.  W.  15.  Gregg, 
William  Dalrymple,  Mr.  Watson,  ,1.  Kessler,  John 
Shields,  Mr.  Manger,  Mr.  Ilaie,  F.  .M.  lirady,  J.  \V. 
Ilarkins,  and  Rev.  Mr.  Amther.  This  church  has 
maintained  a  flourishing  Sunday-sch(jol  organiza- 
tion. 

The  Methodists  of  Jlillersville  have  a  churcli  organ- 
ization also  about  half  a  century  old.  They  erected 
an  unpretentious  frame  edifice  for  worship  nearly 
forty  years  ago.  Their  congregation  grew  in  num- 
bers but  not  in  wealth,  and  in  ISfiO  a  large  two-story 
brick  church  edifice  was  erected  immediately  north  of 
the  Normal  School.  In  this  building  the  Millersville 
Methodists  have  ever  since  worshiped.  The  second 
story  is  still  uncompleted.  Previous  to  1871  this 
church  belonged  to  the  Safe  Harbor  Circuit,  but  in 
that  year  the  congregation  secured  a  pastor  of  its  own, 
and  have  maintained  a  separate  pastorate  ever  since. 
The  pastors  of  the  church  since  its  separation  from 
the  Safe  Harbor  Circuit  have  been  the  Revs.  jSIoore, 
in  1872;  Dungan,  in  1873-74;  MacLane  and  Devine, 
in  187r);  Charles  Rhodes,  in  1876-77;  JIcKay  and 
Hartley,  in  1878;  S.  0.  Garrison,  in  1879;  George 
Gaul,  in  1880;  Mr.  Wheeler,  in  1881-83.  Through 
the  energetic  and  zealous  efibrts  of  Rev.  S.  O.  Garrison, 
the  pastor  in  1879,  the  debt,  which  had  boi-ne  heavily 
u])on  the  church  for  ten  years,  was  paiil  off  in  one 
year's  time.  This  church  lias  nniintained  steadily  a 
prosperous  Sunday-school  organization. 

The  Evangelical  Church  has  had  an  organization  in 
Millersville  for  over  thirty  years,  and  in  1852  this  con- 
gregation erected  a  plain  brick  structure  on  tlie  main 
street,  about  half  a  mile  west  of  the  Normal  School. 
This  building  was  enlarged  in  18GG,  and  a  bell  and 
steeple  were  added.  The  church  has  also  had  a  flour- 
ishing Sunday-school.  The  pastors  of  this  church 
liave  been  tlie  Revs.  Litzenbei'ger,  Harper,  Baker, 
Dissinger,  Chubb,  Zern,  Shoemaker,  Stirk,  Specht, 
Weidler,  Laros,  De  Long,  Hershey,  and  Hoover. 

The  Evangelical  congregation  of  Creswell  is  about 
thirty  years  old,  and  its  church  edifice,  built  of  brick, 
is  almost  as  old.  The  jiastors  were  the  same  as  those  of 
Millersville  until  about  ten  years  ago.  Their  recent 
jtastors  have  been  the  Revs.  Hess,  Specht,  Harper,  and 
Witmer.  The  Evangelical  congregation  of  Pitts- 
burgh was  originally  a  part  of  tljnt  of  Creswell,  but 
the  Evangelical  members  in  and  around  Pittsburgh 
erected  a  stone  structure  of  their  owji  about  fourteen 


of  Creswell. 

The  Luther 
had  fi*r  some  t 
Millersville,  j 


ve  been  the  same  as  those 


Reformed  denominations,  which 
intaincd  church  organizations  in 
rected  a  house  of  worship  bn  the 
main  street,  about  half-way  between  the  site  of  the 
Xorniiil  .•^rliiMil  ;,n.l  llir  ••  ISIack  Horse  Hotel,"  in 
IM;;.  riiis  cdilire,  l.uilt  i>!  bri<'k,  was  torn  down  in 
1871,  and  in  that  year  tlie  two  congregations  erected 
separate  ehureh  buildings  of  their  own.  These  two 
buildings  are  each  of  brick,  two  stories  high,  and  each 
is  supplied  with  bell  and  steeple.  They  are  located 
near  the  site  of  the  old  church  edifice.  Both  these 
congregations  have  flourishing  Sunday-schools.  The 
Lutheran  pastors  were  for  a  long  time  non-residents 
of  Millersville,  and  also  had  other  charges.  The  Rev. 
Mr.  Fritchey  and  the  Rev.  Jlr.  Boyer  for  a  longtime 
preached  here.  Recent  Lutheran  pastors  resident  here 
have  been  the  Rev.  Mr.  Reed  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Jlark- 
ley.  The  Reformed  pastors  resident  here  have  been 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Steckel,  the  Rev.  i\Ir.  Shenkle,  and  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Jloore.  A  small  portion  of  the  Lutheran 
congregation  built  a  small  but  neat  one-story  brick 
edifice  of  their  own  in  the  lower  end  of  the  village, 
about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  west  of  the  Normal  School, 
in  1876.  This  church  has  also  a  prosperous  Sunday- 
school.  The  pastors  of  this  second  Lutheran  congre- 
gation have  been  the  Rev.  Jlr.  Pore  and  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Eckert. 

The  LTnited  Brethren  congregations  erected  a  church 
edifice  in  Stehman's  neighborhood  in  1857.  This  is  a 
plain  brick  structure,  and  the  congregation  holding 
services  here  is  large.  Recent  pastors  here  have  been 
the  Revs.  Keyes,  Baltzel,  Muniina,  Kauflfman,  San- 
ders, and  Lightner.  The  United  Brethren  congrega- 
tion of  Highville,  which  formerly  cimstituted  a  part 
of  the  preceding  congregation,  erected  a  plain  brick 
.building  of  their  own  about  fifteen  years  ago.  Their 
pastors    have   liecn  _tlie   same   as   those  of  Stehman's 

The  Old  Mennonite  meeting-houses  of  Manor  are 
both  stone  structures  over  a  century  old,  and  are  i)las- 
tered  outside  as  well  as  inside.  The  New  Mennonite 
meeting-house,  a  half-mile  south  of  Millei-sville,  is  a 
plain  brick  building  about  a  quarter  of  a  century  old. 
In  1876  the  Dunkers  of  JIanor  erected  a  plain  brick 
meeting-house  about  two  miles  west  of  Millersville. 

School  Affairs.— Manor  was  one  of  the  townships 
which  accepted  the  free  school  law  passed  by  the 
Pennsylvania  I/e'.;islature  in  1834,  but  it  made  no 
re|)ort  in  1837,  when  the  other  townships  of  Lan- 
caster County  which  accepted  the  law  reported.  In 
1827,  seven  years  before  the  law  was  passed,  jManur 
paid  $389.69:1  for  the  education  of  the  poor  children 
in  the  township.  In  1855  it  had  21  schools  and  l(i85 
pupils,  and  $2500  was  raised  for  school  purposes.  In 
1882  there  were  24  schools  and  1057  pupils,  and  the 


total    receipts  an 
i  were  $12,928.88. 


expenditures  for  .' 
he   following  sell. 


;hool 


nirp. 


MANOR  TOWxNfSHIP. 


Manor  for  the  years  1855,  ISfiii,  nixl  1SSl>,  will  in.ut- 
full)'  ex])laiii  the  eihicatioiial  ilL-VLlupnuiit  uf  tlii~ 
wealthy  and  prosperous  township,  [n  ls.".">.  >[aiioi- 
had  21  schools;  the  seli("il  urni  wa-  >ix  innrjlhs; 
there  were  19  male  teachri^  nml  i:  fLii;:ile  tmchiT^; 
J26  per  nnonth  was  paid  tu  each  >if  tlie  male  teacher^, 
and  $20  per  nioiitli  to  .ach  id'  the  female  teachers;  i 
tlicre  were  585  male  pupils,  and  500  female  jjupils  ; 
14  were  learning  (ierniau  ;  i'A'.i  was  the  average  num- 
ber attending  school ;  S2500  in  taxes  were  levied  for 
school  purposes;  $4]().15  was  received  from  tlie  State 
appropriation  ;  $2874.80  was  received  from  the  school 
tax  collector;  ^SOOO.oO  was  the  cost  of  instruction  ; 
S671.34  was  paid  for  fuel  and  contingencies;  82111 
was  the  cost  of  scliool-houses,  purchasing,  building, 
renting,  repairing,  etc.  In  1806,  Manor  liad  22  schools ; 
the  school  term  was  seven  months;  there  were  10 
male  teachers  and  12  female  teachers;  the  average 
salaries  of  male  teachers  was  !<37.80  per  month,  and 
of  female  teachers  i?30.50  per  month  ;  there  were  528 
male  pupils,  and  478  female  pupils;  641  was  the 
average  number  attending  school  ;  $5000  was  levied 
for  school  purpose.s,  and  was  the  total  amount  levied 
for  that  year;  $475.19  was  received  from  the  Slate 
appropriation;  $3868.38  was  received  froifi  tlie  enl- 
lector  of  the  school  taxes,  unseated  lands,  and  other 
sources;  $5712  was  the  cost  of  instruction  ;  $947  was 
expended  for  fuel  and  contingencies;  s^2667  was  the 
cost  of  school-houses,  purchasing,  building,  renting, 
etc.,  and  $1700  was  the  temporary  debt.  In  1882, 
Manor  had  24  schools ;  the  school  term  was  six 
months ;  there  vnere  16  male  teachers,  and  9  female 
teachers  and  1  assistant  teacher;  $47.80  was  the 
average  salary  of  each  of  the  male  teachers  per  month, 
and  $40.55  of  each  of  the  female  teacliers  ;  there  were 
573  male  pupils  and  484  female  pujiils ;  768  was  tlie 
average  number  attending  school ;  83  was  the  average 
percentage  of  attendance;  $8270.52  was  the  total 
amount  of  tax  levied  for  school  and  building  pur- 
poses; $1058.41  was  received  from  the  State  appro- 
priation; $11,870.47  was  received  from  taxes  and 
other  sources,  except  State  appropriation;  $12,928.88 
were  the  total  receipts;  §4508.89  was  the  cost  of 
school-houses,  ])urchasing,  building,  renting,  etc.; 
$6822  were  paid  in  teachers'  salaries  ;  $1537.99  were 
expended  for  fuel,  contingencies,  fees  of  collectors, 
and  all  other  expenses;  $3021.88  were  the  township's 
liabilities  for  seliool  purposes. 

The  JIanor  school-houses,  with  few  exceptions,  are 
substantial  brick  buildings,  supplied  with  bell  and 
cupola,  with  the  latest  improved  school  furniture, 
with  globes,  maps,  and  all  the  necessary  school  ap- 
pliances. For  a  period  of  about  fifteen  years  Man(U' 
had  a  school  term  of  seven  months  in  tlie  year,  and 
for  a  short  time  higher  salaries  were  paid  to  teachers, 
but  since  1876  the  school  term  has  been  six  months, 
and  the  salaries  have  lieen  slightly  reduced.  A  large 
school  building  is  in  ■c.)nteiuplali..n  in  MilUisvillc 
for  all  tlie  puldic  schools  nf  that  village.     Althou-h 


a  State  Normal  School  is 
that    township   does   not 


of  !Manor, 


Lane 


Justices  of  the  Peace. — The  following  have  been 
the  justices  of  the  jieace  of  J\[anor  township  since 
the  adoption  of  the  State  Constitution  of  1838,  giving 
each  township  its  own  justices  of  the  peace  :  Rudolph 
Wissler  and  John  Shissler,  elected  in  1840;  John 
Wright  and  John  Shissler,  1845  ;  George  Hawthorne 
and  John  Shissler,  1850 ;  George  Hawthorne  and 
John  Shissler,  1855  ;  Charles  Denues,  1S57  ;  Charles 
Denues  and  A.  R.  AVitmer,  1862  ;  Tobias  Kautlman, 
1866  ;  A.  R.  Witmer,  1867  ;  Tobias  Kaufi'man,  1871  ; 
A.  R.  Witmer,  1872;  Abraham  Frant;:,  1873;  A.  R. 
Witmer,  1877;  Abraham  Frantz,  1878;  A.  R.  Wit- 
mer, 1882;  Daniel  H.  Lintner,  1883. 

Members  of  the  Legislature  from  Manor.— The 
following  have  been  members  of  the  State  Legisla- 
ture from  Manor  township  at  different  times.  Mem- 
bers of  the  House  of  Representatives:  Jacob  Kim- 
uiel,  elected  in  1803-10;  Andrew  Kauffman,  1837; 
Jacob  B.  Shuman,  1845  and  1846  ;  Abraham  Peters, 
1861  ;  Charles  Denues,  1864  and  1865.  Jacob  B. 
Sliuman  was  a  State  senator,  elected  for  three  years, 
in  1>.".4. 

Old  Tavern-keepers  in  Manor.— The  following 
were  tavern-keepers  in  Manor  Iron)  1798  to  1809  in- 
clusive :  179S,  Abraham  Peters,  Jlillerstown  ;  1799, 
Michael  Rinehart,  on  the  road  from  Lancaster  to 
Turkey  Hill  ;  1805,  Samuel  Petit,  on  the  road  from 
Columbia  to  the  Black  Horse,  Christian  IMellinger, 
on  the  bank  of  the  Susquehanna,  and  Abraliam  Pe- 
ters, Millerstown;  1806,  Edward  Hughes,  Cliristian 
■  Mellinger,  on  the  road  from  Lancaster  to  Columbia, 
I  Magdalena  Stahl,on  the  road  from  Columbia  to  Blue 
Rock,  John  Lewis,  on  the  road  from  Columbia  to  Blue 
j  Rock,  Jacob  Martin,  Blue  Rock,  John  Stehman,  on 
the  turnpike  from  Columbia  to  Lancaster,  Joseph 
Charles,  Millerst..wn  ;  ISdS,  Julin  Eshleman,  on  the 
road  to  Safe  Harbor,  Julni  Stehman,  on  the  turnpike 
froii^  Columbia  to  Lancaster,  Israel  Nestleroad,  at  the 
mouth  oftheConestoga  (Safe  Harbor),  Jacob  Martin, 
on  the  road  from  Columbia  to  Martic  Forge,  John 
Lewis,  on  the  road  from  Columbia  to  Blue  Rock  ; 
1809,  John  Bender,  on  tlie  road  from  Columbia  to 
Martic  Forge,,  William  Lewis,  on  the  road  from  Lan- 
caster to  ]51ue  Rock,  John  Rupley,  John  Stehman, 
on  the  turnpike  from  Columbia  to  Lancaster,  Peter 
P.urk,  on  the  road  from  Lancaster  to  Safe  Harbor, 
J(,seph  Charles,  on  tlie  road  from  Jlillerstown  to  the 
Susciuehanna,  JIagdalena  Slalil,  on  the  road  from 
Columbia  to  Blue  Rock. 

Election  Districts.— Manor  townshi])  has  three 
election  districts, — New  Manor,  Indiantown,  and 
Millersville.  New  Manor  embraces  all  the  north- 
western section  of  the  township,  and  the  voters  of 
this  district   cast    their   ballots  at  Breneman's    (for- 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


merly  Mann's)  tavern.  Indiantown  comprises  the 
southwestern  section,  and  tlie  voters  of  this  district 
deposit  their  tickets  at  Jlrs.  Sloner's  tavern,  at  Iiij;li- 
ville.  The  Millersville  district  embraces  the  wliolc 
eastern  section,  and  the  voting  for  tliis  district  is 
done  at  tlie  lUack  Horse  Ihitcl,  at  the  uppei-  end  uf 
Millersville. 

•  Manor's  Population  in  1880. -The  census  of  1880 
gave  the  i>opuhitioii  uf  Maiiur  tuwnsliio  at  oO.JS.  Ol' 
this  number  about  1200  were  in  the  village  of  Millers- 
ville. Millersville  district  had  2043  inhabitant-,  In- 
diantown district  had  1797,  and  New  Manor  district 
had  121:5.  It  will  thu>  be  seen  that  the  village  of 
Mlllcr^ville  had  ahnn-i  <uie-fourtli  uf  tlie  inhabitants 
of  the  tuwuship. 


lilUGRAPHlCAL    SKETCHES. 


JOHN  LANI)I.'=:. 
The  name  of  Landis  is  one  of  tlie  most  respected 
and  inlluential  in  the  township  of  .Alanor.  The 
familv  have  long  been  represented  in  T^ancaster 
County,  though  of  Swiss  nationality.  Benjamin,  the 
father  of  John,  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Eliza- 
beth Brackbill,  whose  family  tirst  came  to  American 
shores  in  1717.  To  this  marriage  were  born  two  sons, 
John  and  Benjamin.  The  birth  of  the  former  oc- 
curred June  9,  17SG,  in  Manheim  township,  Lancas- 
ter County,  where  his  early  years  were  spent  upon  the 
farm  of  his  father,  whom  lie  materially  assisted  in 
his  daily  avocations.  The  opportunities  for  education 
were  at  that  day  limited,  though  Mr.  Landis  readily 
availed  himself  of  such  as  were  olTered.  When  nine- 
teen years  of  age  he  removed  to  the  farm  now  in  pos- 
session of  his  son  Tobias,  in  Conestoga  township,  and 
the  same  year  was  married  to  ]\Iiss  Elizabeth  Rudy, 
towliom  were  born  cliildren,— Mary,  Benjamin,  Anna, 
and  Fannie.  By  a  second  union  with  Anna,  daughter 
of  Jacob  Hoover,  hi.-  children  were  Su-an,  Betsey, 
Jacob  H.,  David,  'lol.ias,  and  Maudalcna.  .Mr.  Lan- 
dis was  a  man  of  niurli  publh-  <i'iril  and  (■)iter)»rise. 
His  judgment  was  n.iranh-.la>.-,uUHd,  and  hi- iiilhiCHcc 
in  tbecun„„unilvwaswhulesu„u-and  bcudicial.     He 


Elizabeth  Brackbill.  The  progenitor  of  the  Brack- 
bill  family  was  Ulricli,  the  great-grandfather  of  Jlrs. 
Landis,  who  emigrated  from  Germany  to  the  United 
!?tates  on.the  2-kh  of  August,  1717. 

To  Benjamin  and  Elizabeth  were  born  two  sons,— 
John  and  Beftjamin.  John  married  Elizabeth  Rudy, 
whose  children  were  Mary,  Benjamin,  Anna,  and 
Fannie.  His  wife  having  died  in  1816,  he  contracted 
a  second  marriage  with  Anna,  daughter  of  Jacob 
Hoover,  to  whom  were  born  children,— Susan,  Betsey, 
.Jacob  H.,  David,  Tobias,  and  Magdalena.  The  death 
of  John  Landis  occurred  Aug.  22,  1870,  in  his  eighty- 
fifth  year,  his  second  wife  having  died  in  1857.  Their 
son,  Jacob  H.,  was  born  April  18,  1822,  in  Conestoga 
township,  Lancaster  Co.  On  attaining  his  fourth  year 
he  removed  with  his  parents  to  iLuiur  township,  and 
during  his  youth  was  a  pupil  at  Lititz  and  also  at  a 
select  school  in  Manheim  township.  After  becoming 
thoroughly  familiar  with  the  labor  of  a  farm,  he  in 
1841  became  apprentice  to  the  miller's  trade,  and 
having  served  his  time  assumed  the  management  of 
his  father's  mill.  Li  18G1  he  became  sole  (iroprietor 
of  both  mill  and  farm,  each  of  which  he  conducted 
successfully  until  his  retirement  from  active  business 
in  1880,  when  he  was  relieved  of  his  responsibilities 
and  cares  by  his  sons. 

Mr.  Landis  was  married  on  the  26th  of  February, 
1852,  to  Miss  Anna  S.,  daughter  uf  David  and  Susan 
Herr,  of  Lancaster  township.  Their  children  are 
John  H.,  Mary  (Mrs.  Wenger),  Susan  (.Mrs.  Reist), 
Lizzie  tilrs.  Stehman),  Fannie,  and  David. 

He  is  a  Republican  in  politics,  ^nt  not  an  active 
partisan.     He  is  greatly  interested  in  the  cause  of 
education,  and  is  at  present  a  trustee  of  the  State 
I  Normal  School  of  Jlillersville.     He  has  also  been  a 
school  director  of  his  township.     He  is  a  director  of 
1  the  Farmers'  National  Biuik  of  Lancaster,  and  one 
j  of  the  board  of  managers  of  the  Lancaster  and  Mil- 
lersville Street  Railroad. 

In  religion  both  he'and  Mrs.  Lan.lis  arc  Meimon- 

j  ites,  though  cheerful   coiitribnturs  to  other  deiuuiii- 

nations.     'Sh:  Landis,  as  a  successful  business  man 

and  an  honorable  citizen,  enjoys  the  esteem  of  his  co- 


>up, 


1839,  when  a  resident  of  Manor,  served  as  enmity  cuin- 
missioner.  Li  politics  he  was  u  Whig,  and  >idisc- 
([Uently  a  Republican,  butnut  active  in  thr  political 
field.  "  Li  his  rcligiuns  belief  he  was  a  c'.iiMslriit 
Mennonite  until  his  drath,  whirl,  urrurred  Au-.  22, 
1870,  in  his  eighty-fifth  year. 


.I.\C01J    11.  I..VNDI.S. 
itorsof  the  Landis  fami 
d,  and   the  date  uf  tljeir 
known.     The  giandlatl 
dugrtiphy  was    lienjami, 


i:/.i;.\  .M.  lUiS'lETTER. 
The  prugeiiilur  uf  the  Hostetter  family  was  Jacob, 
whu,  ill  1741,  purclia-cd  uf  the  government  the  land 
nuw  ill  pus-e-iuu  uf  his  great-great-grandsun,  whu 
i.-  the  .,ul.jert  uf  ihi-  biugraphical  sketch.  He  had 
two  suns,  Abni.u  and  .lacb,  who  inherited  the  ances- 
tral acres,  the  funiur  uf  h  hum  wa-  the  father  uf  a  sun 
Benjamin,  b-.ru  March  12,  17.'.:,,  who  died  Feb.  4, 
1.S44.     The   latter,   whu   b.,aiuc   heir  tu   a   purtioii  uf 


ly  were  natives 


mill  and  Kiidulph.  I'.eiijaiiiiu,  I 
M.,  was  burn  Oct.  K;,  I7;I(;,  uii  tl 
the   land  uf  which  he  devuted  a  li 


tall 


,jL^c^  /f  c^J/^-c^/^s. — c 


^-^^^^^^ 


'->\U.A.^i.e^''y>-T^.  (ije^^C^ 


"-C^ 


MANOR   TOWNSHIP. 


965 


fivating  and  improving.  He  was,  in  politics,  a  Wliig, 
iiDfl  in  his  religious  belief  a  Jleiinonite.  He  married 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Christian  Miller,  of  York 
County,  Pa.,  and  had  sons,— Ezra  M.,  Jacob,  and  Chris- 
tian. The  death  of  Jlr.  Hostetter  occurred  March 
22, 1858,  in  his  fifty-sixth  year.  His  son,  Ezra  51.,  was 
born  Dec.  20,  18.38,  at  the  house  which  had  been  for 
successive  generations  in  jjossession  of  the  family. 
Here  his  boyhood  was  spent  eitiier  at  school  or  in 
labor  upon  the  farm.  In  ISfiO  he  became  owner  of 
the  property,  and  in  February,  18G1,  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Susan,  daughter  of  Tobias  Deitrich, 
of  Manor  township,  who  was  also  of  German  extrac- 
tion. They  have  had  four  cliildren,— Benjamin  D., 
Jacob  D.,  Mary,  Lizzie  (deceased),  and  Katy.  The 
sons  reside  at  home,  where  tliey  render  invaluable 
assistance  to  their  father  on  tlie  farm. 

Mr.  Hostetter  usually  casts  his  vote  with  the  Demo- 
cratic party,  though  untrammeled  by  the  claims  of 
party,  choosing  always  the  most  eligible  candidate 
for  office  irrespective  of  his  political  affinities.  The 
time  and  attention  demanded  by  his  own  business 
interests  leave  little  leisure  for  afi'airs  of  a  public 
nature.  Jfr.  Hostetter  is  in  religion  a  supporter  of 
all  evangelical  denominations. 


Bernhart  Mann,  tlie  grandfather  of  John  S.,  was 
born  May  9,  1740,  and  when  eight  years  of  age  emi- 
grated from  Huilfenhart,  Germany,  to  America.  He 
was,  in  accordance  with  the  method  of  that  period 
among  emigrants,  sold  for  his  passage-money  to  a 
Mr.  Stehman,  of  Lanca.ster  County,  with  whom  he 
remained  until  his  majority  was  attained,  after  which  i 
he  settled  upon  a  purchase  of  eighty  acres  of  land  now  : 
owned  by  his  grandson,  the  subject  of  this  sketch.        | 

He  married  JIary  Staunib   Aug.  11,  1743,  also  of  , 
German  ancestry,  and  had  children, — John,  Bernhart,  j 
George,  and  Elizabeth  (who  became  Mrs.  Wormley). 
Mr.  jMann's  death  occurred  June  0,  1817,  in  his  sev-  \ 
enty-eighth  year,  and  that  of  his  wife  April  21,  1821,  ] 
also  in  her  seventy-eighth  year.    Their  son,  John,  was 
born  on  the  paternal  land  JIarch  7,  1774,  where  his 
life  was  devoted  to  farming  employments. 

He  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  George  Snyder,  ! 
of  East  Donegal,  Lancaster  Co.,  who  was  born  Oct.  8,  , 
1780,  and  died  March  25,  1870,  in  her  ninetieth  year.  ; 
Their  children  were  Bernhart,  Jacob,  Margaretta,  I 
Marie,  Elizabeth,  Sophia,  Catharine,  Barbara,  Sarah, 
John  S.,  and  George. 

Mr.  Jlann  during  his  lifetime  espoused  the  tenets 
of  the  Lutheran  belief.  He  died  Dec.  3,  1843,  in  his 
scvciilielh  year. 

His  son,  John  S.,  was  bom  Nov.  20,  1810,  on  the  ' 
homestead  farm,  the  birthidace  of  all  the  members  ^ 
of  the  family  and  the  scene  of  hisTifelong  labors. 

He  received  but  limited  advantages  of  education, 
and  at  an  early  age  engaged  in   the  employments  of  • 


the  farm.  In  184G  he  became  owner  of  the  ancestral 
acres,  which  he  still  retains  and  on  which  he  resides. 
He  was  married,  in  1852,  to  Miss  Barbara,  daughter  of 
Jacob  Zeigler,  of  East  Donegal  township.  Their 
children  are  Harriet,  Alice,  Ida,  Emma  (deceased), 
John  (also  deceased),  and  John  Edwin.  Mrs.  Mann's 
death  occurred  Feb.  10,  1881,  in  her  lifty-fourth  year. 
Her  grace  and  beauty  of  character  still  live  in  the 
memory  of  his  attached  family. 

Mr.  JIann  is  in  politics  a  Democrat  and  at  present 
a  member  of  the  township  committee  of  Manor  town- 
ship. He  is  actively  engaged  in  business  operations, 
and  a  director  of  the  Lancaster  County  jSTational  Bank. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  State 
Normal  School,  appointed  ,by  the  State. 

His  religious  convictions  lead  him  to  su|)port  all 
worthy  denominations  irrespective  of  sect,  though 
educated  in  the  l^utheran  belief. 


jiiiX.  .\i;i;aiiam   I'ETERS. 

Abraham  Peters  «  as  our  of  the  most  distinguished 
representatives  of  the  iiiilivi'  (ierman  element  of  Lan- 
caster County.  He  was  born  Aug.  21),  1791,  near 
Millersville,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.  His  father,  also 
named  .\brahani  Peters,  emigrated  to  this  country 
when  about  nineteen  years  of  age,  from  near  Stras- 
burg,  a  town  of  Alsace,  now  in  Germany,  but  at  that 
time  a  province  of  France.  He  located  in  the  vicinity 
of  Millersville,  then  called  Millersburg,  where,  in 
1777,  he  purchased  ten  acres  for  two  hundred  and 
seventy  pounds.  He  was  an  industrious  and  intelli- 
gent man,  was  for  many  years  engaged  in  the  distil- 
lery business,  and  also  kept  a  tavern  in  an  old  log 
house,  in  which  the  subject  of  the  present  sketch  was 
born.  He  died  Feb.  5,  1818,  aged  seventy-seven 
years.  Upon  the  death  of  his  father,  Abraham  Peters 
took  charge  of  the  business,  which  he  continued  until 
1853,  and  at  the  samej,ime  engaged  in  farming.  He 
was  a  model  landlord,  strictly  temperate  himself,  and 
careful  that  there  should  be  no  rowdyism  or  intem- 
perance at  his  hotel.  In  the  days  before  railroads 
were  built,  when  goods  were  hauled  in  Conestoga 
wagons  from  Philadelphia  to  Pittsburgli,  his  tavern 
was  a  |io|iular  antl  nr)ted  stopping-place  fur  teams 
t/i  roiik: 

During  this  time  his  devotion  to  his  aged  mother 
was  a  remarkaljle  incident  of  his  life,  for  on  her  ac- 
count he  delayed  marriage  until  he  was  thirty-four 
years  of  age.  On  the  ItJtli  of  October,  1825,  he  was 
married  to  Miss  Fanny  Gamber,  of  which  marriage 
one  son  and  six  daughters  survive.  He  continued 
the  business  of  farming  up  to  18G2,  and  also  carried 
(Ui  the  business  of  saw-milling  on  the  Conestoga. 

Through  his  long  life,  though  engaged  in  active 
pursuits,  he  was  always  public-spirited,  lending  his 
aid  and  intluence  to  the  promotion  of  many  public 
enterprises.  He  was  an  earnest  advocate  for  the  con- 
sti  action  of  the  turnpike  from  Millersville  to  Lancas- 


96G 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTP]R   COUNTY. 


ter,  of  which  company  he  was  for  many  years  presi- 
dent, and  also  gave  his  money  and  inlluence  for  the 
■connection  of  the  same  two  places  by  a  street  rail- 
way. When  the  common  school  system  was  intro- 
duced into  Lancaster  County  it  met  with  a  determinrd 
opposition  from  a  certain  class  of  citizens,  but  ihrougli 
his  able  and  persistent  fight  in  its  favor  much  of  the 
opi)ositiou  was  overcome,  and  its  introduction  into 
his  district  was  largely  due  to  his  influence.  He  was 
one  of  the  early  advocates  of  the  county  superinten- 
dency,  and  his  support  and  infiuence  did  mucii  to 
allay  the  prejudice  with  which  this  cillice  was  re- 
garded in  the  county. 

In  1854  there  was  begun  in  Millersville  an  educa- 
tional enterprise  which  eventually  developed  into  the 
:\Iillersville  State  Normal  School.  Mr.  Peters  was 
one  of  the  leading  movers  in  this  enterprise,  and  was 
elected  the  first  president  of  the  boanl  of  trustees,  a 
position  to  which  he  was  annually  re-elected  up  to 
the  time  of  his  death.  The  institution  was  the  pio- 
neer of  the  normal  schools  of  the  State,  and  as  it  was 
an  experiment,  it  was  with  some  ditficulty  that  the 
citizens  were  induced  to  subscribe  for  its  slock.  By 
his  earnest  solicitation  of  his  friends  and  neighbors 
lie  succeeded  largely  in  having  the  .stock  taken,  ajnl 
he  was  so  enthusiastic  and  confident  of  its  success 
that  he  was  always  ready  to  aid  in  keeping  up  its 
financial  standing.  He  always  manifested  a  (h'c|i  in- 
terest in  the  school,  was  proud  of  his  connection  with 
it,  and  was  a  wise  counselor  and  a  firm  support  to 
its  administration.  The  writer  of  this  sketch  remem- 
bers with  grateful  feeling.s  his  words  of  kindly  ad- 
vice and  his  loyal  support  in  hours  of  ditiiculty  anil 
anxiety. 

In  18(51,  the  Republicans  of  Lancaster  County  hav- 
ing a  factional  disagreement  in  tlieir  nominating  con- 
vention, the  minority  united  with  the  Democrats  in 
forming  a  Union  ticket,  and  placed  the  name  of 
Abraham  Peters  at  its  head.  This  ticket  was  dccteil, 
and  Abraham  Peters,  a  lifelong  Democrat,  rcincscntud 
the  strong  Republican  county  of  Lancaster  in  the 
State  Legislature.  In  this  position  he  discharged  his 
duty  with  great  fidelity  to  his  constituents,  and  to  the 
satisfaction  of  both  parties.  For  many  years  he  was 
a  director  in  the  Farmers'  Naticmal  Bank  of  Lancas- 
ter, but  a  few  years  before  his  death  he  requcsti-d  that 
his  place  should  be  filled  by  some  younger  and  more 
active  man.  During  the  last  few  years  of  his  lili'  In- 
withdrew  from  all  active  business,  and, surrounded  by 
his  children  and  enjoying  the  esteem  and  alli>ction  of 
his  friends  and  neighbors,  he  passed  his  declining 
years  in  comfort  and  with  a  cheerful  spirit,  looking 
forward  with  a  Clirlstian's  hope  to  the  reward  here- 
after.    Hi;  died  Feb.  1:!,  \HS2,  respected  anil  mourned 


power.  His  judgment  was  sound  and  reliable.  He 
weighed  a  question  with  deliberation,  and  decided  it 
in  the  light  of  a  clear  understanding,     llis  neighbors 


had  s 

d<nn 
So  sii 


judgment  that  they 


uiuch  confidenci 

msnlted  him  on  matters  of  business,  and  sel- 
de  a'mistake  wlien  they  followed  his  advice, 
■re  and  honest  was  he  in  his  convictions  that 
his  conclusion  ou  a  subject  was  worth  more  than  most 
men's  arguments.  As  presiding  ofiicer  of  the  board 
of  trustees  of  the  Normal  School,  the  writer  has  known 
him  to  listen  for  a  while  to  a  discussion,  and  then,  by  a 
mere  expression  of  his  own  opinion,  silence  argument 
and  settle  the  question.  Had  he  received  a  scholastic 
education  in  early  life,  he  would  have  risen  to  high 
position  in  the  political  history  of  the  State,  not 
through  his  personal  ambition,  but  on  account  of  his 
natural  fitness  for  leadership.  By  nature  he  was 
qualified  to  be  Governor  of  tiie  commonwealth,  or 
even  President  of  the  United  States.  Even  though  a 
plain  farmer,  he  was  the  intimate  and  confidential 
friend  of  James  l!aili:inan  and  John  W.  Forney  in 
the  palmy  days  of  the  Dcniocr.icy. 

But  the  crowning  clement  of  .Mr.  Peters'  character 
was  tliat  of  moral  greatness.  Xo  one  could  associate 
witli  him  without  feeling  that  tlie  man  was  greater 
than  his  words  or  actions.  In  an  emphatic  manner 
he  exemplified  the  poet's  liiir  tlial  ''  an  honest  man's 
the  noblest  work  of  God."  There  was  a  sincerity 
about  his  thoughts  and  expressions,  a  straightfor- 
wardness in  his  business  transactions  that  led  his 
'  friends  to  place  implicit  confidence  in  his  integrity. 
(Jf  him  it,  could  be  truthfully  said  that  his  word  was 
as  good  as  bis  bond.  When  he  had  pledged  his  word 
you  could  rely  on  it  with  as  much  confidence  as  if  the 
articles  of  agreement  were  signed  or  the  deed  re- 
corded. So  well  understood  was  his-  integrity  that 
no  man  ever  dared  approach  him  with  a  mean  pro- 
|iosal,  and  had  suih  a  thing  been  done  it  would  have 
been  met  with  an  outl^uist  of  indignation.  Scorning  a 
mean  action  himself,  he  l.ioked  <lown  with  contempt 
upon  meanness  and  lack  ol'  piinripU-  in  others. 

Mr.  Peters  was  not  only  a  moral   man   but  a  Chris- 
tian.    He  was  for  many  years  a  member  of  the  Ger- 
man Reformed  Church  of  Millersville,  and  illustrated 
in  his  character  and  actions  those  high  moral  attri- 
butes  that   constitute    Christian    manhood.      It  was 
largely  through   his    energy  and  liberality  that  the 
large  and  handsome  Reformed  Church  in  Millersville 
■  was  erected,  and  his  venerable  form  could  be  seen  in 
his  accustomed  place  each  succeeding  Sabbath  until 
old  age  rendered  him  too  feeble  to  leave  his  own  house. 
t  In  his  death  his  native  town  lost  one  of  her  best  citi- 
!  zens,  and  the  county  one  of  her  greatest  and  noblest 


in  ;  but  his 
ter  still  live 


and  honorable  < 


Mr.  Peter 


llcctua 


MARTIC   TOWNSHIP. 


CHAPTER    L  X  V  I. 


Geographical  and  Topographical— Murtic  to 


in  1729,  the 
boundiiil  as 
li  separates 


County.  It  Wits  oigiiiiized  as  a  townslii 
organization  being  ratilied  in  173(1.  It 
follows:  norlii  by  the  Pequea  Creek,  wl 
it  from  Pequea  townsliij);  northeast  by  Provi<lenee; 
east  by  Providence  and  Drumore;  southeast  and 
south  by  Drumore;  west  by  the  Susquehanna  River. 
It  derives  its  name  from  a  small  tribe  of  Indians  who 
inhabited  the  townshiii  in  the  neighborhood  of  the 
mouth  of  Pequea  Creek.  It  is  one  of  the  six  town- 
sliips  into  wliich  Lancaster  Cuunty  was  uriglnally 
divided,  and  is  spelleil  upon  the  old  records  "  Mar- 
tock." 

Geology  of  the   Township.— Along   the   northern 

extensive  dejiosits  of  carbonate  of  lime.  These  de- 
posits are  the  source  i'rom  which  are  derived  the 
principal  fertilizers  used  by  the  farmers,  and  in  con- 
sequence of  these  deposits  the  farms  in  their  vicinity 
are  very  productive.  Small  deposits  of  magnetic  ore 
are  also  found  in  various  sections,  but  not  enough  to 
warrant  the  deposits  being  worked  as  a  source  of  rev- 
enue. On  the  farm  of  Jlr.  George  S.  Lauiborn  have 
been  discovered  deposits  of  black  oxide  of  manganese, 
but  not  in  sullieient  <iuantities  to  lead  to  :iny  ijiipor- 
tant  results. 

Flora.'— The  flora  of  the  township  is  especially 
rich  and  abuntlant.  Trees  of  magnificent  growth 
and  of  almost  all  varieties  crown  her  hills  and  slo|jes, 
whilst  the  lower  forms  of  plant  lil'e  exist  in  rich  pro- 
fusion. Near  the  village  of  Rawliii-villc  there  in  a 
tract  known  as  Eshlenum's  meadow,  in  which  up- 
wards of  two  hundred  and  lifty  dilfcrent  plant  loniis 
have  been  discovered.  The  following  is  a  taimlateil 
statement  of  the  ditlercnt  natural  orders  found  in 
tills  section:  1.  Ranunculacea',  crow-foot  family; 
2.  DipsaceiU,  teasel  family  ;  '6.  Caryopliyllaceic,  pink 
family;  4.  Discoriaceic,  wild  yam  ;  5.  Anacardiace;e, 
sumac  family;  G.  Anonace;e,  )iawi)aw  family;  7.  Vi- 
olaceie,  violet  family;  8.  Ericace.u,  heath  family; 
0.  Leguniinosa',  bean  family;  10.  Aristocholacea-, 
birlh-root  family;  11.  Composita;;  12.  Sauriacea', 
lizard',,  tail;  13.  Phytolaccacea',  poke  family;  U. 
Ko^aeeie,  rose  family;  15.  Rubiacea',  madder  family; 
Itj.  Aselepidaceie,  milkweed  family;  17.  luiphorbia- 
ce;e,  spurge  family;  18.  Alismacia-,  loose  strife  fam- 
ily ;  li).  Onagraceie,  evening  primrose  fauiily  ;  20. 
Grossulacea3,  orpine  family;  21.  Sinacea',,  wild  fiax 
family;  22. 'Scrophulariacc;e,  lig-wort  Ijimily ;  23. 
Verbenaceui,  vervain  family;  24.  Labiata',  mint 
family;  25.  Boraginace;e,  borage  family;  20.  Sohin- 
ace:e,    nightshade    family;    27.  -Polygonacea',    knot- 


weed  family;  28.  Urticaceie,  nettle  family;  29.  Smi- 
lace;e,  smilax  family;  30.  Lilaoe;e,  lily  family;  31. 
Cyiieracea",  serge  family;  32.  Filices,  4ern  family; 
33.  Lycvpodiacea',  club  moss  family  ;  34.  Lobeliaceie, 
lobelia  family  ;  35.  Plantaginacea',  plantain  famjly. 
All  of  these'natural  orders  have  been  discovered  in 
this  section,  their  loeation  been  determined,  and  the 
genera  and  speeii-s  li.'ied  by  the  local  botanists.  Be- 
longing to  tlle^e  thirty-five  different  orders  about 
eight  hundred  different  genera  have  been  discovered, 
including  afiove  live  thousand  different  species.  Near 
the  village  of  Marticville,  tipon  the  farm  of  David  S. 
McEllianey,  stand  two  magnificent  trees  of  the  oak 
family  (Quci-cus  vlUusa,  or  willow-oak),  said  to  be  the 
only  two  specimens  of  the  kind  within  the  limits  of 
the  county  of  Lancaster. 

Natural  Features.— In  the  north  the  land  is  gen- 
erally level,  with  a  slight  inclination  to  roll.  In  con- 
sequence of  the  proximity  of  this  portion  of  the  town- 
ship to  the  great  limestone  belt  skirting  the  northern 
part,  the  soil  is  very  productive,  and  the  labor  of  the 
farmer  is  repaid  with  abundant  crops.  In  the  centre 
of  the  township  the  land  is  decidedly  hilly,  and 
though,  in  consequence  of  the  gravelly  nature  of  the 
soil,  the  land  is  not  quite  so  productive  as  in  other 
jiarts  of  the  township,  labor  and  skillful  cultiva- 
tion yields  an  ample  return.  In  the  eastern  part  the 
land  is  level,  while  in  the  southerji  part  it  exhibits  a 
slight  disposition  to  a  rolling  nature,  sloping  grad- 
ually towards  the  Suicpiehanna  River.  The  follow- 
ing streams  furnish  the  water-power  of  the  township  : 
Muddy  Run,  rising  near  Rawlinsville,  on  the  farm  of 
Samuel  Martin,  deceased,  now  owned  by  Jacob  Strine, 
ex-sheriff  of  Lancaster  County,  flowing  southwest, 
forming  the  southwestern  boundary  between  Martio 
and  Drumore,  from  near  the  residence  of  Hannah 
Dughan  to  the  Susquehanna,  entering  that  river  be- 
tween iw.i  points  known  as  Cully's  Falls  and  Ncal's 
Vishery.  Dii  tlii.s  stream  are  located  the  following 
mills:  Crist- and  s.iw'-mill,  property  of  Thomas  Wentz; 


Lucqua 


rising  in  the  village  of  Kaw  lin.v.Ue,  and 
entering  the  Su.squehanna  River  l.elow  a  point 
known  as  Erb's  saw-mill,  is  the  most  noted  stream 
in  this  section  of  the  county.  From  its  source  to 
its  mouth,  a  distance  of  six  miles,  its  course  is 
through  a  ravine,  abounding  in  pictures(iue  and 
beautiful  sccnei'y.  Rocks  of  every  shape,  crowned 
with  trees  or 'nodding  with  magnificent  ferns,  greet 
the  eye.  Ilejx^  the  ilieam  is  a  gentle  rivulet,  there  a 
miniature  whirljiool,  and  again  it  rushes  through  a 

rocky  chasm   in    ■  wild    plunge,   like  a  frightened 

steed  panting  to  break  the  liomK  thai  bind  it.      Vmm 
Erb's  saWTUlill  to  the  .'-^u--qui'li;innu    l;i\i  i,  ;i  di.lance 


)Ut 


lly  S.  C.  StoV( 


:  lly  U.  S  Clark. 


1  iver  the  stream  passes 
n  as  the  Devil's  Hole, 
jks  towering  uji  for  hun- 


HISTORY  OF    LANCASTP^R    COUNTY. 


dreds  of  feet,  the  tourist  may  sit  for  hours  and  muse  | 
upon  tlie  beauty  and  grandeur  of  the  scene.     Tlie 
locks,  crowned  witli  magnificent  growtlis  of  tlie  moun- 
tain  laurel   (Rhododeialron  maxiinuin),  shut  out  the 
fa.intest  glimmer  of  the  sunlight,  and  one  can  almost 


rrounded  by  fairy  enchantments. 
I'hicli  this  stream  passes  is  noted 
profusion  of  its  botanical  speci- 
place  of  resort  for  lovers  of  that 


imagine  that  he  is  si 
The  ravine  through 
for  the  richness  and 

mens,  and  is  a  great 

Early  Settlers.— The  early  settlers  of  the  northern 
]>art  of  the  township  were  originally  from  Hesse- 
Darmstadt,  in  Germany.  According  to  the  testimony 
of  some  of  the  oldest  inhabitants,  the  northern  part 
was  settled  by  JIatthias  Kreider  in  or  about  the  year 
lOOl,  but  in  all  probability  his  arrival  was  nearly  a 
score  of  years  later.  He  settled  ujion  the  southern 
bank  of  the  Peqiiea  Creek,  a  little  to  the  north  of  the 
present  village  of  JIarticville.  His  tract  contained 
two  hundred  acres,  the  stipulated  price  being  one 
shilling  per  acre,  or  one  cord  of  wninl  for  every  acre 
of  land.  It  is  said  that  he  paiil  t.ir  his  hind  u  ith  the 
wood  that  grew  upon  it. 

Other  settlers  from  the  "Old  Country"  soon  followed 
thie  first  pioneer,  and  in  a  short  time  the  region  was 
settled.  The  Dutcli  element  largely  preponderates 
in  the  northern  ])arl  of  the  township,  and  the  same 
plodding  industry,  desire  to  make  money,  simplicity 
of  habits,  general  sameness  of  dress,  peculiar  religious 
traits  that  prevail  among  the  Germans  in  the  "  Old 
Country"  characterize  their  brethren  in  this  section 
of  the  township.  They  cling  to  the  customs  of  their 
ancestors  with  a  tenacity  which  neither  time,  distance, 
nor  surrounding  circumstances  can  wholly  obliterate. 
Tliese  pioneer  settlers  were  follovved  in  a  short  time 
by  the  families  of  the  Goods,  Hubers,  Warfels,  Hares, 
aud  Millers.  At  a  later  period  in  the  history  of  this 
township  came  the  Sweigarts,  Eshlemaiis,  and  the 
Shanks. 

The  Good  family  came  to  the  township  at  an  early 
period  of  its  history,  the  date  of  some  of  tlieir  deeds 
running  back  anterior  to  the  time  when  the  common- 
wealth purchased  the  right  of  tlie  heirs  of  Penn. 
They  settled  south  and  west  of  the  present  village  of 
Marticville,  and  their  descendants  still  occupy  the 
land  purchased  by  their  forefatliers.  •  The  family 
name  is  closely  identified  with  the  history  of  the 
township.  They  have  been  foremost  in  improve- 
ments, in  furthering  all  that  might  conduce  to  the 
[irosperity  of  their  section,  and  in  promoting  the  good 
of  the  community.  It  may  be  mentioned  as  a  fact  in 
the  history  of  this  township  that  of  a  number  of  po- 
sitions of  trust  or  honor  that  have  been  conferred 
upon  the  township  by  the  voters  of  the  county  the 
mcmliprs  of  the  fiood  family  have  held  the  largest 
share,  and  at  present  Jniiii  J.  Good,  son  of  Daniel 
Giiod,    who    once    held    the    important   position    of 


The  Huber  family  also  secured  a  foothold  in  this 
township  at  a  very  early  period  of  its  existence.  They 
also  settled  in  the  neighborhood  of  Marticville,  and 
the  fai^iily  to-day  occupy  a  large  portion  of  the  north- 
ern part  of  the  territory  of  the  township.  Among  its 
prominent- members  now  living  are  Henry  Huber, 
postmaster  at  Marticville,  who  has  held  that  position 
for  a  period  of  thirty-si-^c  years;  Jose])h  Huber,  one 
of  tiie  progressive  farmers  of  the  northern  end  ;  Ben- 
jamin Huber,  also  extensively  engaged  in  the  farm- 
ing business;  David  Huber,  of  Marticville;  and 
David  H.  Huber,  engaged  in  farming  in  the  southern 
section.  Later  on  in  the  history  of  the  townslii[) 
came  the  Eshlemans,  who  liave  contributed  by  tlieir 
ability  in  developing  the  agricultural  facilities  of  the 
northern  section  in  no  small  degree. 

The  section  of  the  township  along  the  Susipiehanna 
River  south  of  the  mouth  of  the  Pequea  Creek  was 
settled  by  the  Chirks,  jMcCrearys,  and  Heads  early  in 
the  eighteenth  century,  they,  with  the  family  of  the 
Neels,  having  taken  up  all  the  land  from  the  river  to 
and  including  much  of  what  is  now  known  as  Mount 
Nebo.  All  the  above  names  have  disappeared  from 
the  list  of  taxubles  except  the  Chirks  and  Neels,  who 
still  live  upon  the  land  occupied  by  their  fathers, 
and  are  numbered  among  the  more  progressive  men 
of  the  section. 

The  Clark  family  has  always  been  closely  identi- 
fied with  every  religious  and  educational  enterprise, 
James  Clark  having  been  secretary  of  the  school 
board  for  a  period  of  nine  years,  and  for  a  long  time 
been  an  official  member  in  the  Mount  Nebo  Method- 
ist Episcopal  Church. 

The  McCreary  family  has  always  been  noted  for  its 
zeal  in  the  cause  of  education,  charity  for  the  needy, 
liberai-mindedness,  sound  judgment  aj)on  all  matters 
pertaining  to  the  common  welfare,  and  its  members 
were  among  the  best  informed  upon  almost  all  toi)ics 
that  could  be  mentioned.  William  McCreary,  the 
last  of  the  name  in 'this  township,  and  who  died  in 
1808,  had  during  his  lifetime  given  liberally  to  the 
church  of  his  choice  (the  Jlount  Nebo  Presbyterian). 

At  the  time  of  its  organization  in  1854,  Mr.  Mc- 
Creary jjlaced  one  thousand  dollars  on  interest,  and 
directed  that  the  interest  of  the  sum  and  fifty  dollars 
of  the  jirincipal  should  be  used  each  year  as  long  as 
it  lasted  to  pay  the  salary  of  the  minister.  This 
church  has.  also  a  small  circulating  library,  the  gift  of 
William  McCreary,  who  gave  his  own  private  library 
and  one  thousand  dollars  to  purchase  new  books.  The 
committee  on  purchase  consisted  of  Messrs.  Will.  Ed. 
McCreary,  Thomas  Stewart,  and  S.  C.  Stevenson. 

The  southern  part  of  the  township  was  settled  by 
the  Scotch-Jrish  Covenanters  about  the  year  1740  or 
mi.  Among  tlie  earliest  settlers  were  the  follow- 
ing: David  Jones,  John  Marshall,  William  Andrews, 
James  Stewart,  the  Duncans,  Grays,  Dixons,  Hoyds, 
Stecles,  McCaugliliiis.  Robinsons,"  Whorrys,  Whites 
I'cgaiis,  and  So>lu-s.      .None   of  tlieir  drsccndants,   a^ 


MAIITIC   TOWNSHIP. 


969 


r  us  known, 
iifsDiuic-ui 
:ig-liouse  by 


far  as  known,  now  live  in  the  townsliip  except  the 
Pagans  (mentioned  elsewliere)  and  Mary  Jane,  wife 
of  Thomas  E.  Ambler,  who  is  a  lineal  descendant  of 
the  Boyds,  being  a  granddaugiiter  of  John  Boyd,  who 
in  1752  settled  upon  the  land  now  owned  by  Milton 
Wike,  of  Columbia. 

The  oldest  house  in  this  part,  and,  as 
the  oldest  in  the  township,  was  built  by  . 
in  1755,  and  is  still  occupied  as  a  dwe 
the  present  owner,  Ellen  Kehoe.  In  this  house  John 
Stevenson,  father  of  the  writer  of  the  i)resent  sketch, 
was  horn  in  1807.  His  father,  Samuel  Stevenson,  had 
lived  here  for  some  years,  and  taught  achool  in  this 
township,  also  in  Manheim  township,  this  county. 
Some  of  his  old  subscri|)tion  lists  are  still  preserved 
in  the  Stevenson  family,  showing  hint  to  have  been  a 
good  penman,  a  very  necessary  qualification  for  a 
school-teacher  in  that  day.  He  was  also  a  surveyor 
and  scrivener,  and  wrote  many  of  the  legal  documents 
required  at  that  time. 

Among  the  later  settlers  here  may  be  mentioned 
.Toseph  Wentz,  who  came  from  Due  Run,  Chester  Co., 
in  1792,  and  for  a  number  of  years  was  justice  of  the 
peace.  He  raised  a  large  family  of  children,  .some  of 
whom  have  been  closely  identified  with  the  later  his- 
tory of  the  township.  Among  those  still  living  in  the 
township  are  Thomas  Wentz,  owner  of  Wentz's  mill. 
He  has  lieen  a  member  of  the  Bethesda  Methodist  Epi.s- 
copal  Church  since  its  erection  in  1843,  and  from  that 
time  to  the  present  has  been  in  official  capacity  in  the 
churcli.  Another  son,  William  Wentz,  recently  de- 
ceased, held  a  number  of  positions  in  the  township, 
having  been  school  director  for  several  terms ;  he  also 
lield  the  office  of  assessor,  besides  other  positions  of 
trust,  and  was  at  the  time  of  his  death  tax  collector. 
His  two  sons,  Isaac  J.  and  William  H.,  still  live  in 
the  township  and  are  farmers.  John  Wentz  (mer- 
chant), of  the  firm  of  Brown  &  Wentz,  is  a  son  of 
John  Wentz,  and  grandson  of  Joseph  \Vcntz.  He  is 
one  of  the  most  active  and  untiring  business  men  of 
whom  the  community  can  boast. 

Among  the  oldest  families  in  this  section  are  the 
Simpsons.  They  purchased  a  projierty  in  Martic, 
about  two  miles  south  of  Rawlinsville,  in  1821,  and 
have  resided  upon  it  from  that  date  up  to  the  jiresent 
time  (1883).  The  father  of  the  family,  John  Simp- 
son, was  married  to  a  daughter  of  Roger  Douts. 
From  this  union  resulted  eight  childien, — James, 
Mary,  Sarah,  Robert  (deceased),  William  (deceased), 
Jane,  and  Bartholomew,  and  one  who  died  in  child- 
hood. The  family,  especially  the  male  members,  are 
men  of  note  in  the  community  in  which  they  live. 
James,  the  oldest,  has  held  several  offices  of  trust 
and  profit  in'  the  township.  He  was  auditor  of  the 
township  for  many  years,  and  held  the  office  of  as- 
sessor from  1840  up  to  1858.  Bartholomew  was  a 
member  of  the  school  board  for  <i  period  of  not  less 
than  twelve  years,  and  -luring  all  that  time  InbnnMl 
solely   for  the  good  of  the  schools  of  the  township. 


All  the  members  of  this  family  are  noted   for  their 
j  hospitality,  public-spiritedness,  devotion  to  the  cause 
of  the  right,  sober,  industrious,  and  pious  men.    They 
laboredi  earnestly  for  the  good  of  the  community. 

We  might  mention  also  the  names  of  the  Rcrbin- 
sons,  descendants  of  John  Robinson,  who  came  from 
Iieland  near  the  close  of  the  century.     Of  his  de- 
scendants now  livi)ig  in  the  township,  Isaac  H.  Rob- 
inson   is   a   merchant  doing   an   active   business   at 
I  Bethesda,  and  Thomas  Robinson,  lately  retired  from 
farming  on   account  of  increasing  age  and    declin- 
ing   health,    who    now   lives   with    liis    son-in-law, 
James  F.   Harner,  an    enterprising    man.      Thomas 
j  Cully,  a  descendant  of  George  Cully,  also  lives  in 
this  part,  and  is  one  of  the  solid  men  of  the  town- 
ship, noted  for  his  hospitality  and  kindness  to  the 
poor. 
James  Pegan,  grandfather  of  the  present  family  of 
\  Pegans    in    Martic    township,    came    to    Lancaster 
I  County  prior  to  1757,  and  settled  upon  a  tract  of 
I  land  in  Martic  township,  near  the  village  of  Bethesda. 
I  This  tract  was  known  as  "  Pegan's  Fancy."    A  patent 
;  for  this  land  was  issued  to  Andrew  Pegan,  bearing 
j  date   1810.      James   Pegan,    above    mentioned,    had 
I  three    sons,   namely,   James,   Andrew,   and    Henry, 
i  and    three    daughters,    Margaret,    Ann,   and    Jane. 
Andrew   Pegan,    who   received    the   patent    already 
mentioned,  was  the  fatlier  of  seven  children,  three 
sons  and  four  daughters.     His  sons  were  James,  Al- 
exander, and  Andrew.    Two  of  these  reside  at  present 
(1883)   in  Martic  township,  James   near  the  village 
of    I')eth(isda,   and    Alexander    near    the   village   of 
]\Iount  Nebo.     Margaret  (deceased),  the  oldest  of  the 
ilaughters,  was  married  to  George  Nimlow.     Two  of 
her   descendants,    namely,    Hannah    Margaret,    wife 
of  Isaac  Walton,  merchant,  and  Anna  Mary,  wife  of 
I  James  Akens,  shoemaker,  reside  at  present  (1883)  in 
the  village  of  Mount  Nebo.     A  son,  James  Andrew, 
is  a  tobacco  merchajit  in  the  city  of  Lancaster,  and 
Sarah  Jane  is  married  to  Hugh    Kilgore,   of  York 
County.     James  Pegan   has  been  postmaster  at  Be- 
thesda from  1863  to  the  present  time  (1883).     Alex- 
ander Pegan  has  held  the  same  office  at  JMount  Nebo 
(with  occasional  interruptions)  for  a  number  of  years. 
t      James  Pegan,  the  grandfather  of  the  i)resent  family, 
served  as  a  soldier  in  the  Continental  army  during 
the  struggle  of  the  colonies  for  national  independence. 
William  Ambler,  the  father  of  the  present  Ambler 
I  family  of  Martic,  came  to  Lancaster   County   from 
Montgomery   County  on   March   25,   1829.     He  was 
married  to  a  daughter  of  Israel  Penrose.     The  Pen- 
roses  emigrated  from  Bucks  to  Lancaster  County  in 
1827.     The  living  members  of  the  family  of  William 
Ambler  are  as  follows  :  Penrose,  married  to  Elizabeth 
(  Smedley,  residence  Fulton  townshi]i,  Lancaster  Co., 
occupation  farming;  Thonuis,  married  to  Mary  Jane 
Boyd,  residence  Martic  township,  occupation  farming; 

township,  oouipation  cabinet-maker  and  undertaker; 


970 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Adaline,  married  to  James  Sniedley  ;  Anna,  married  i 
to  Ai|uilla  Lamborn,  residence   Drumore.      Tliomas  i 
Ambler,  tlie   member  of  tlie  lamily    wlio   reside^   in 
Martic  towiiship,  is  one  of  the  most  progressive  fanners  i 
that  the  township  can  boast  of.    He  is  a  man  of  more 
tlian  ordinary  intelligence,  liberal  in  his  views  npon 
all  subjects   |)ertaining  to  educational  and  religious  j 
matters,  charitable  to  the  poor,  of  kindly  and  bcnevo-  i 
lent  impulses,  and  active  and  energetic  in   all   that 
pertains  to  the  welfare  of  his  native  section. 

About -the  year  1830  the  Shoemaker  family  emi- 
grated from  Montgomery  County,  and  settled  in  Lan- 
caster County,  choosing  Martic  township  a^  their 
[dace  of  residence.  They  settled  in  rl(.-,o  piuxiinity 
to  the  Andilers,  the  two  properties  adjoining. 

Joseph  Harner,  the  father  of  the  present  Harner 
family  in  this  townshi]),  was  born   in   Montgomery 
County,  and  emigrated  to  Lancaster  County  in  1838.  ] 
lie  also  chose  Martic  as  his  place  of  residence,  settling  j 
near  the  Ambler  property,     He  married  Mary  Sling-  , 
hiti;    daughter   of  John    Slinglutf,    of   Montgomery  ' 
County.      From    this   union    descended    the    presorjt  , 
family  of  Harners  in  this  township,  namely,  John  S.  ' 
(w  ho  married  a  daughter  of  J.  B.  Long),  George  (de- 
ceased), Samuel   (married  to  McLaughlin),  Joseph, 
Rebecca   (deceased),  Jesse,   JIary  Ann    (married   to 
Thomas  Cully),  May  (deceased),  and  Klizabetli  (mar- 
ried to  Harrison  Long. 

The  Harner  family  number  among  its  mem  be i>  some 
of  the  most  progressive  farmers  in  this  section  of  tlie 
county.  They  are  all  noted  for  their  devotiijo  lo  the 
cause  of  morals,  religion,  and  education,  .lohn  S. 
held  the  olEce  of  school  director  in  the  towii-hip  I.t 
some  years,  and  his  iiiHuence  contributed  in  no  mikiU 
degree  to  the  position  which  the  schools  occupy  to- 
day in  the  history  of  the  township.  Jesse  Harner  was  | 
also  a  school  director  for  a  number  of  years,  and  ; 
aided  by  his  ability  and  moral  worth  in  jdacing  the 
common  schools  of  this  section  upon  a  UH^re  cndm- 
iiig  basis. 

The  Armstrong  family  are  also  men  of  note  in  this 
community.  Hugh  Armstrong,  the  progenitor  of  the 
present  family  of  that  name  in  this  township,  came 
from  Ireland  to  Edward  Brien's  landing  at  Martic 
Forge  about, the  year  1800.  After  coming  to  this 
country,  he  married  Jane  Shoff,  a  relative  of  the  pres- 
ent family  of  Sliofls,  of  Martic.  From  the  union  of 
these  two  persons  sjiriing  the  present  family  of  Arm- 
strongs. There  are  nine  cliildren,  descendants  of  Hugh 
Armstrong, — John,  Joseph,  William,  Gordon,  Hugh, 
Nancy  (married  to  Edward  Galen),  Elizabeth  (mar- 
ried to  Isaac  Null),  Belle  (married  to  Hugh  O'Nail), 
Jane  (married  to  Mahlon  P.  Eckman).  All  of  the 
male    uicmbers  of  this  family   have  become   distin- 

member  of  the  family,  was  elected  to  the  office  of 
county  commissioner  in  ISG'J,  holding  that  position 
until  1872.  Anterior  to  this  time  lie  bad  held  nearly 
every  office  within  the  gift  of  the  jieople  of  the  town- 


ship. He  is  a  man  of  large  means,  noted'  for  his 
generous  disposition,  kindness  of  heart,  and  abundant 
hospitality.  Joseph  is  an  intelligent  farmer,  and  a 
consistent  member  of  the  Presbyterian  Church.  Wil- 
liam is  also  a  farmer,  residing  near  Mount  Nebo,  a 
member  of  tht  Jlethodist  Episcopal  Church,  a  man 
of  liberal  views  and  kindly  disposition.  Thomas, 
deceased,  left  a  family  of  live  boys,  as  follows  :  B.  F. 
Armstrong,  member  of  the  school  board  of  Martic; 
Thomas  Jefferson,  until  recently  assessor  of  Provi- 
dence township;  Christian,  Daniel,  and  George. 
Gordon  Armstrong  is  at  present  (1883)  supervisor  of 
the  public  roads  of  Martic.  Hugh,  another  member, 
was  for  many  years  a  school-teacher  in  the  township, 
a  man  of  no  mean  abilities  in  scholastic  attainments, 
and  at  present  (1883)  holds  the  positicm  of  justice  of 
the  peace  in  Martic.  He  is  at  present  a  surveyor  and 
scrivener  by  profession,  and  has  been  for  a  number 
of  years  connected  in  church  fellowship  with  the 
Bethesda  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.  Hugh  Arm- 
strong, son  of  John  Armstrong,  is  at  present  (1883)  a 
member  of  the  board  of  auditors  of  Martic  township. 
Among  the  descendants  of  the  Armstrongs  is  one  who 
deserves  notice;  we  refer  to  James  Galen,  residing  at 
present  with  his  mother  upon  the  property  of  Jlilton 
Wike,  of  Columbia  borough.  He  has  the  largest 
numismatic  cabinet  in  the  county,  some  of  his  coins 
antedating  the  birth  of  Christ. 

Among  the, prominent  ])roperty-owners  in  the  town- 
ship at  present  is  (icnrin-  M.  Stcininan,  member  of 
the  firm  of  Steinmau  ^  (  'o.,  of  Lamu-ter,  who  bought 
of  Samuel  Allison  one  hundred  and  .  fifteen  acres 
of  land  known  as  "  Martic  Heights,"  and  commenced 
making  improvements  thereon.  This  farm  lias  been 
increased  by  subsequent  purchases,  until  he  now  owns 
eight  hundred  and  twenty-three  acres.  About  four 
hundred  acres  of  this  tract  is  under  cultivation,  the 
balance  is  covered  with  timber.  The  greater  part  of 
this  land  was  poor  and  worked  down  by  bad  farming, 
but  under  wise  direction  and  the  skillful  care  of  John 
;\Ionteith,  who  for  eighteen  years  was  Mr.  Steinman's 
farmer,  this  farm  has  reached  a  degree  of  perfection 
unequaled  by  any  in  the  township,  and  at  present  is 
the  most  valuable  landed  estate  in  Southern  Lancas- 
ter County.  The  farm  is  at  present  under  the  effi- 
cient management  of  B.  F.  Armstrong.  Upon  this 
property  are  three  sets  of  farm  buildings  and  three 
tenant  houses.  The  water  su|)ply  of  the  main  farm 
is  from  a  water-wheel  and  pump  of  the  capacity  of 
'  twenty-five  hundred  gallons  per  day.  The  water  is 
stored  in  a  stone  reservoir  containing  sixty-three 
I  thousand  gallons,  and  two  cisterns  of  about  ten  thou- 
sand gallons'  capacity.  The  two  other 
watered  by  .springs. 

George  Lamborn,  an  intelliL'"eiit  and  pul 
I  citizen,  is  a  farmer  living  in  tlir  lower  end  < 
I  ship  (along  Muddy  Ruin.     He  is  a  nni 
society  of  Friends.      For    fllie.'ii    consecutive   > 
he  was  a   member   of   the    school    board  of  Mn 


farms 


■the  town 
her  of  till 


MARTIC   TOWNSHIP. 


and  lield  the  position  of  secretary  in   thai  hndy  tor 

t    ...  .(.                                                        t    .. 
.  0    b     0      .John  Onnll 0  12 

.1. 

nine    years.       During  tliis  time  he  has  h-lt  a   mark 

.I.'iliH   111, II,, ,n    !..'.'.'...!.'.'.'.. 

0 

upon  the  pupils  of  the  puldic  seliools  that  will  be  au 

nnKliOi,^'..-...^'-".,":-'.'.', 

'.  u  1,1     n      >.,iii,, ,;  llM  .             .  -.'JJZ  ■!     u 

II 

eiidiiriiig  monunient  to  his  memory,  such  as  any  one 

Julin  'Ij^'jV 

■  ,1  U     n      .1,.    1-1    ,,  i'          .y"'!!:.']  ■!   M 

f, 

may  well  be  proud  of.     Jlr.  Laniborn  is  the  owner  of 

wmiun'siiuvr".:::;:;:' 

.   11     .-,      II        I'.tipl,    M    .'.,,.         fl   1(1 

;; 

the  largest  mineral  collection  in  the  l(i\vHshi|i. 

'\J'iii!,ui,"''i,'„V'.'!r'''.'''.'.' 

■.  i'  7  '.   Viiii'i,!  .i':',  1,  '  ,,',',^:':;:  i  \ 

(i 

.Joseph  Engles,  one  of  tiie  justices  nl'  ihe  peace  lor 

■w"li:u''M:"n,„',:v:: ,;::: 

:  n  ?  !!   vi'',';„'i'n' ,M-  ■■■,::::;;;;  11  h 

I 

Martic  township,  is  one  of  the  mo>t   proiuiucat  citi- 

\mII''i.u',"i'-,  

■ ;'  "  ;|   I,l7;;-,v,',':    I  ,i; 

y 

zen.     He  lives  in  the  village  of  M.,uMt  Ncbo,  and  has 

J„'lm'li:,ii'.i',i«'.'''    ""■ 

1.  ;  u   1  ,!'„",',  ','■• .,     ■...'.■;.'.■.'; o  o 

n 

fur  a  number  of  years  been  one  of  the  leading  mer- 

. 1  ,  '■  1 ' ,,' .  1 ,.' ',    ..'',.;".:.! "  10 

0 

chants  of  the  village.     He  is  a  man  of  comnumding 

ll.,lll.lllllll  \l-lllll  

Ii,„is  .M,M,,.k,ii, 

■ ;!  ':.  n   v,;,'  'i'Tm. iM,.M,z::: '  ? 

0 

presence,  vigorous  intellect,  and  stern  conscientious- 

'l'l.,iMl;,-li,.,Vil  

AiMiiew  Itml^era 

!o     .=>'     I'll    Saln'u,,'''\v'il'llM!...".:'r.'.'.,'.'.'''.  0  l" 

0 

ness.     Few  person-s  have  a  stronger  hold   upon  the 

Ji.lll,  liulilic-ilge 

■  II 1"  " 

confidence  and  aftections  of  the  people  than  the  sub- 

Fr.emeu. 

ject  of  this  sketch.     He  has  been  a  member  of  the 

t   s.    ,;. ,                                              t   ., 

d. 

Methodist   Episcopal   Church  of  Mount  Nebn  since 

.r„l„,Cl;uk 

Andrew  McHiifft-y 

.  1     0    11  '   Patrick  Brnlink 1     o 

.10    0     James  Bmwnlee 1     o 

li 

lSr)9.     Jlr.  Engles  has  been  a  justice  of  the  jjeace  in 

.  1     no     .loh.i  lliowuloB 1     0 

Ij 

Martic,  with  slight  iiitcrroptions,  from    ISO.t  to  the 

wIiImii,  I„'i'm,'i"ii       .!. 

'.  \     11    0     J,.lM,"'Buyd'.^'!!'.!!!'.'l'.''.'.'I  1     0 
1     0    11      11,11,8  Adiim3 1     II 

;; 

present  time. 

\\',u\'',",  lii'l'l,,,/""'    , 

1     11     11      William  Fnllcrtowu 1     n 

•' 

mOVINCIAT.  TAX  OF  81AUTIC  FOR   17.57   (INI'LUIIIXU    l>l!OVI. 

DENCK  ■mWNSIIU';. 

WAItKANTEES    0 

•    LAND   IN    MAUTIC   PRIOR   TO   ISOO. 

i    >.    tl.                                                      i    ,.    ,(. 

Anderson,  William,  Juii 

It),  1T«,  2110  acifs  LBtween  the  niuntl.  of  C 

J.ii>'«  lieu.l OKI     G      Willi:,,,,  <tiMil        0  15     0 

est..6„  C,„c.k  and  Jl 

nnt  .-ili.saey. 

liucce  Jhlli-i.. .!!.".'.'."!. ...!i  0    ,'i     0       1       ,,       w      ■         ',",  \     2     6 

Armor,  Thoums.  Feb.  2,"i 

1772,  40  acres,  on  Susiiuelianna  River,  nex. 

to 

KuL.eil  I',-U[i,-I7 0  lu    u       I      ,,                               n  18     0 

Geoigi-  St."vei.s,).,  ;  uw.ioj  in  1S83  l.y  11.  Brul.,iker. 

Sali.ilrl   Ihlliss 0   111     0        l,i,,-~,       :,     ,,         (,   111     0 

Ali,lr.w.l..li„.in n     •.'     l;       l;    1,  ,1    1  .,,■,,  ,        ll     r.     11 

Ainistiiiiig,  Andrew,  Mi 

1  cli  20,  17,i;!,  UIO  acres,  including  iinproveme. 

ts. 

Ocly  Eveil 
JbcoI.  Iloo 
Hugh  Li.n 


(id  Mom. 
^■ee  ,I.,lii„ 
,,■5   Hce.l. 


■■ " 

'r 

llaai,  Jacob,  t'cb.  l.'i,  I7,il,  50  acres,  next  to  John  Robison  and  Geoit'e 

11 

7 

^ 

Tinner. 

II 

0 

o 

I 

Tlaldridsc,  John,   Pec.  14,  1700,  100  acres,  nc.-it   to  John    Ramsey   and 

;;i  I 

"; 

I 

olhel-s 

5 

0 

nearSiis.]Uehalina. 

;::;:  I 

ij 

Bleeclier,  Mich.iel,  Feb.  2S,  1750,  20  acivs,  next  to  his  other  land. 

7 

0 

Howies,  TliomuH,  June  10,  1744,  2iiu  acres,  nest  to  Jolin  Taylor,  over  Sus- 

II 

7 

■luelianna. 

'' 

'' 

I 

Boyd,  John,  Jan.  17, 1750,  50  acres,  next  to  Thomas  White  and  James 

J 

Moore.    This  propertv  remained  in   the   falui'ly  until   the  death  of 

I 

0 

0 

W.  C,  Boyd,  when  it  was  sold  to  Jlilton  W.ke,  of  Columbia  (lirescut 

" 

"! 

'' 

'■■■■  (1 

Ill 

:i 

-Boyse,  Jacob,  March  G,  174:1,  loo  acres,  next   to  Samuel   Uoyse.     Now 

0 

0 

0 

owned  by  Manic  For-S. 

:::::  I 

4 
1,=, 

I 

Itoyse,  Samuel,  March  H,  171J,  50  acres,  next  to  his  other  land.     The  old 
forge  property. 

t  to  Robert  Boyd  ii 
xt  to  Widow  Ml. 


,  Uei 


Kiiikeail,  Jolin,   Dec.   14,   1751 

Widow  R.mds, 
l.iisUe,  Kliiiibclli,  Jan.  :il,  175 

HcAnaulty,  Jolm,  Dec.  20,  n 
now  owned  by  tJeolge  M 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


,    M.iy  24,    1-ot,    ISI)   acres,    . 

■>,  211  ai-res.  Tlie  Iwu  McLuugl 
letnict  of  li.M.I  comprising  ut]. 
Ijicr,  Joiiii  S.  ll.iriiiT,  Isaac  J. 


Mia.ll.-lou,  Oi-orgc.  April  13,  17i7,  o 
Miil^lU  t.iii,  f;ciirge.  Fob.  5,  Vi:.,  r,i) 
I£:iuiscj,  ./.  liii,  Marcli  20,  1741,  10" 

by  Rujandus  Bnibaker. 
Ui-aJ,  James,  March  lu,  174S,  50  acr 
Kuail,  JaiuBS,  Julv  1,  1755,  70  acr..s, 


H 

•11.1,  .lani.-s,  N.jv.  2i;,  17,-..l,  ,-.u  a 

ic. 

uei 

t  to  Joseph  Read 

i; 

•aj,  J..-cpli, 

lui    4,  17-,:i,  5".... 

m, 

18.'; 

to  Jauies  Ri-eil. 

It 

.bilHUll.J.ll. 

•s.  May  5,  175^.  1 

1  a 

res. 

iiiclivied  ill  his  I 

up 

■ovcmont 

ii>>vv  uwiie 

by  Jc«e  Slioem 

ker 

she 

Schull.is,  iMe.le 

rick,  March  SO,  1750, 

5Ja 

cres. 

S 

litli,  Abralia 
Mi.l.llet,.! 

m,  March  11,  17J7 

,20 

ac 

us,  i.e.vt  tu  .I.icob 

B. 

yeraiid  J. 

s 

odgrass,  James,  Sept.  6,  1751, 

20  a 

res 

nowoivnedbyj. 

N 

Miuaey. 

S 

oiigras^  Jol 

n,  Dec.  20,  1750, 

lOU 

es,  ne.xt  to  Jame 

altersoii's. 

1  by  George  M.  Stoiii 

lun 

s 

oilgrass,  Ja 

et  ^wiJuw),  Dec. 

2", 

17.11. 

,  100  acres,  ne.\t 

to 

John  Me- 

Anaullty, 

.o«-  owDed  by  Ge 

orgc 

M 

Steiunian. 

s 

eel,  Itiibert, 

Nov.  28,  1753,  90 

acr 

iMt  to  his  other 

la 

nd,  sold  to 

JolinSin.i 

son  in  1821.    The 

pre 

senl 

oMiier.  are  the 

lei 

3  of  John 

.simpsun. 

Ii  will,  Willia,,,,  collie 
Jonrs,  Richard,  distill 
Johnston,  John,  liatte 


KiiU,  Lentiliis,  wagoiK 
K.-pperly  Jiio.ih,  ma.so; 
Keiipoily,  Frederick. 


Lini-s,  Chri»ti 
Miller,  Marti 
Jlcroucli.Ku 
Mc.Mulliii,  St 


Miller,  Ab 

•alm.n. 

Miller,  I'e 

or. 

McConml, 

Oliver,  bl 

July  17,   1742,  511 


I'orter,  James, 
I'atteu,  John. 
I'agon,  James. 
Penney,  Hugh 
Paul,  James. 
Robisoii,  John, 
Robis.in,  Thon 
Robibiili,  Jame 


Rice,  I'etel,  wag.ii; 
Robison,  John,  we 

•Sidea,  George. 
.Snodgruss,  JameB. 
SMiigert,  lfeli\. 
Steer,  Alichael,  WA 
Seabrook,  Henry,  i 
,  William 


NON-ASSOCIATORS   FUR 
an  Whiry. 

el  MeCuulougli. 


iRTii;  TOWNSHIP,  i7;7. 


Frederick  Ueble. 
John  Hehlc. 
Conrad  Hehle. 
Heirry  Uleeker. 
James  Harris. 
John  Suiilh. 


JIcKee.  Wllliaio 
JlcCuIluiigli,  S.imilel. 
MeNtar,  Aichibuld. 
McCreary,  John. 
Morris,  .lolili,  forgeman. 
Mayley,  James. 
Mayberr.v,Sylvanu8. 
Moore,  William,  collier. 
McCaity,  John,  blacksmiti 


VXADLES   IN    1S07   UF    WHAT, 
ikrim,  James,  tanner. 


,S   NOW    MARTIC    TOWNSHI 


rtilo,  John,  forgeman. 
il,  Henry,  collier. 


Dout,  Samuel. 

Dout,  Robert, 

Debuts,  Jlngh. 

Dunkle,  U.-orge. 

Iiouglas,  John,  wuod-hauler. 

Flliotte,  Samuel. 


orge  Warlle 
illiuni  Duub 
iigli  Black. 


I    Powley  Diinkle. 

Justices  of  the  Peace.- 

Stiite  Constitution,  autlior 
their  own  justicea  of  tlie  pt 
per.wn.s  have  fceen  elected  i 

,    Ryland  McOalister,  Ajiril  W,  ltj4(l. 


■Since  tlie  adoption  of 
izing  townships  to  e 
'lice,  the  following-nai 
n  Miirtic  township : 


John  Good,  April  14,  1840. 

Joseph  Englea,  April,  1805. 

.lames  Black,  April  15,  1S45. 

Klias  Aunieut,  April,  1809. 

!    R.  U.  McAllister,  April  15,  1845. 

Joseph  Krigles,  April,  1870. 

H,nryRu»h,  April  0,1850, 

Jacob  Reese,  April,  1874. 

V.  Henry  Andrews,  April  11,18.54. 

Abraham  Good,  April,  1870 

1   John  Rawlins,  April  11,18,54. 

JoM-ph  Kngles,  April,  1877. 

,    John  McCIuiiu,  April  12,  18,51). 

Hugh  Armstrong,  April,  l,s 

,    Henry  And,ews,Apiil  12.1850. 

Joseph  Engles,  April,  1882. 

MARTIC   TOWNSin 


973 


M:u-tic  townsli 


f(im- 


consider- 


Marticville  is  sitimted  in  the  nortlierii  part  of  the  - 
township,  about  nine  miles  south  of  the  city  of  Lan- 
caster.    It  contains  about  two  hundred  inlial)itaiits, 
<jne   Methodist  Oliurch,  two  stores,  one  of  which  is 
the  post-office,  one  good  hotel,  and  one  public  school,  i 
The  village  is  pleasantly  located  in  the  midst  of  a 
limestone  region,  noted  for  the  productive  quality  of 
its  farms.     This  village  was  commenced  early  in  the  , 
history  of  the  township,  being  started  u[)on  the  road 
leading  from  Conestoga  Centre  to  the  present  village  of  j 
Marticville,  and  was  originally  called  "  Frogtown," 
the  western  part  still  retaining  that  name.    The  popu-  [ 
lation  is  principally  of  the  Dutch  element,  and  retains  | 
to  a  great  degree  the  customs  of  its  ancestry.  | 

Rawlinsville  is  situated  in  the  eastern  part  of  the 
township,  on  the  road  leading  from  Lancaster  to  Mc- 
Call's  Ferry,  about  thirteen  miles  from  the  former 
and  five  miles  from  the  latter  place.  It  contains 
about  one  hundred  inhabitants,  two  stores,  two  hotels, 
one  Methodist  Church,  and  one  public  school.  We 
have  been  unable  to  obtain  any  authentic  data  as  to 
when  the  village  was  settled,  but  it  was  probably 
made  the  site  of  a  village  very  early  in  the  history  of 
the  township.  It  is  situated  in  the  midst  of  a  fine 
farming  region,  the  people  being  noted  for  their  thrift, 
devotion  to  the  cause  of  education,  and  general  intel- 

Bethesda  is  situated  in  the  southwestern  part  of 
the  township,  about  one  mile  north  of  the  famous  ferry 
on  the  Susquehanna  River,  known  as  JlcCall's  Ferry. 
It  contains  about  one  hundred  inhabitants,  two  stores, 
one  Methodist  Church,  one  resident  physician,  and 
one  public  school,  and  a  post-office. 

Mount  Nebo  is  situated  near  the  centre  of  JIartic 
township,  about  fourteen  miles  south  from  Lancaster,  l 
and  about  two  and  two-thirds  miles  east  from  the  Co-  I 
lumbia  and  Port  Deposit  Railroad.     It  contains  two  \ 
general  stores,  two  churches,  one  Jlethodist  and  one  ! 
Presbyterian,  cabinet-shop  and  furniture  wareroom^,  , 
and  one  jjublic  school.     It  contains  no  hotel,  and  it 
is  a  remarkable  fact  in  the  hi,tory  of  this  village  that 
it  never  did  contain  a  hotel. 

It  is  situated  in  the  midst  of  a  region  noted  for  the 
grandeur  and  beauty  ol'  its  landscape  scenery.  J''roni 
Armstrong's  Hill,  a  little  to  the  east  of  the  village, 
may  be  seen  one  of  the  grandest  landscape  sceiie-i  to 
i  be  found  anywhere  within  the  limits  of  the  county. 
Looking  to  the  north  from  this  point  of  observation, 
you  behold  an  e.xtended  view  of  hill  and  dale,  dotted  ' 
with  smiling  fields,  sleeping  groves,  isolated  farm-  | 
hou.ses,  and  an  ever-varying  panorama  of  beauty, 
until  the  view  is  lost  because  the  eye  does  not  possess 
the  powrr  to  pierce  the  distance  beyond.  On  the 
n(irtliwe~l  the  observer  has  a  magnificent  view  of  the 
.Susquehanna  Uiver, bordered  with  wooded  slopes,  and, 
taken  as  a  whole,  this  view,  especially  in  the  summer 
season    of   the    year,    is    really    euchanting.     Mount  I 


Nebo  is  remarkable  also  as  being  the  seat  of  the  old- 
est Methodist  Church  in  Martie  township.  The  in- 
habitants are  noted  for  their  hospitality  to  strangers, 
devotion  to  the  cause  of  religion,  general  intelligence, 
and  zeal  in  the  cause  of  common  school  educ;ttion. 
As  an  evidence  of  the  truth  of  this  latter  statement 
we  may  mention  the  fact  that  the  school  district  of 
wdiich  Mount  Xebo  forms  a  part  has  within  the  last 
three  years  sent  out  five  com]n(jn  scliool  teachers,  all 
of  whom  were  trained  to  the  prolessi(jn  at  the  jniblie 
school  in  this  place. 

Closely  identified  with  the  history  of  Mount  Nebo 
is  the  Hagen  family.  For  the  last  si.Kty-five  years 
the  name  has  been  prominent  in  every  enterprise, 
and  they  are  numbered  among  the  most  valuable 
citizens  of  the  village.  Joshua  Hagen  (recently 
deceased),  the  eldest  sou  of  John  Hagen,  was  a  man 
of  note,  holding  a  number  of  positions  of  honor  and 
trust.  Though  never  married  he  was  a  householder 
all  his  life,,  and  was  noted  for  his  hospitality  and  en- 
terprising spirit.  Davis  Hagen,  who  learned  the 
trade  of  axemaking  with  his  brother  Joshua,  spent 
the  greater  portion  of  his  life  in  this  village  working 
at  his  trade,  which  he  taught  to  his  five  boys,  viz.: 
Henry  Bascom,  John,  Albert,  Davis,  and  William. 
Of  these  five  sons  John  is  at  present  working  at 
blacksmithing  in  Rawlinsville,  William  is  carrying 
on  axe-making  in  Mount  Nebo,  and  Albert  is  en- 
gaged at  his  trade  (blacksmithing)  in  this  village,  and 
at  present  is  a  -member  of  the  board  of  prison  in- 
spectors of  Lancaster  County. 

Schools. — The  common  school  law  of  Pennsylvania 
was  passed  in  1834,  and  adopted  by  Martie  township 
in  1836.  From  that  time  until  the  present  there  has 
been  a  steady  and  gradual  improvement  in  her  school 
system.  At  the  date  of  the  accepta<ice  of  the  com- 
mon school  law  by  Martie  she  had  61G  taxable  in- 
habitants, including  Providence  township.  In  1837 
she  had  9  school-houses,  9  teachers,  484  puinU,  and 
the  tax  levy  for  school  jnirposes  amounted  to  ^^800; 
State  apprc/priation,  ^^1113:2. 81  ;  total  receipts,  ^'ItiUo.SS; 
expenditures,  5;1(J17.41  ;  expended  on  building,  .'J525. 
Tax  collector  J,..l,ua  ILejcii  collected  the  first  school 
lax  levied  in  the  mun-liip.  The  most  notable  ini- 
|,rnvenieiit  in  the  hi,-l..ry  of  the  common  schools  of 
this  township  was  made  lielween  the  years  18G1  and 
1883.  In  18(11  the  aggregate  amount  of  taxation  for 
school  pnrpo-e,  was  S19U0;  term  of  scliool,  five  months; 
number  of  school-houses,  7  ;  amounts  paid  to  teachers, 
ranging  from  ^18  to  ^'lo.  From  that  time  until  1880 
there  appeared  to  be  a  standstill  in  the  history  of 
this  township,  when  at  that  period  a  new  impetus 
was  given  to  the  cause  of  education.  In  the  above- 
named  yea-r  the  taxation  aggregated  82800,  the  term 
of  school  six  montlis,  and  the  salary  ranging  from 
:::30  to  .■:^37.  At  ]ire-^ent,  thuiiudi  there  has  not  been 
much  increase  in  taxation,  .Martie  now  boasts  10 
schools,  a  term  of  six  monllis,  and  a  salary  ranging 
from  *34  to  >?.'.0. 


974 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Church  History.— The  cliincli  history  of  Martic  j 
townsliip  ciiiiincnces  with  the  Miul.iy  Run  Prcshy- 
teriaii  Church.  Tlie  himl  ii|hjii  wliicli  the  fluiicli 
stiuuls  was  taken  up  or  patrntf.)  in  1742  hy  David 
Jones,  John  JIarsliall,  and  William  Andrews,  and  a 
log  liouse  huilt  tiie  same  year.  Tliere  are  no  records 
to  show  who  was  the  first  pastor,  as  some  years  after  I 
its  erection  nearly  all  tiie  settlers  left,  on  account  of  a 
ditliculty  with  the  Indians,  and  remo-ved  to  South 
Carolina.  The  second  house,  also  log,  was  built  in  or 
alioiit  the  year  ITlJO.  In  the  year  1820  a  man  by  the 
name  of  Gregory  Farmer,  an  eccentric  character,  liv- 
ing upon  the  banks  of  the  Tucquau  Creek,  near  the 
farm  now  owned  by  Henry  Galen,  conceived  the  idea 
of  erecting  a  stone  church  in  place  of  the  "  Old  Log 
House,"  then  in  a  very  dilapidated  condition,  and 
although  building-stone  was  very  jilenty  in  the 
vicinity  and  nearly  valueless,  he  would  accept 
nothing  as  a  gratuity,  but  paid  for  everytliing  enter- 
ing into  its  construction  with  his  own  means.  A  man 
by  the  name  of  Annans  was  pastor  of  the  congrega- 
tion, and  to  show  the  relation  existing  between  pas- 
tor and  people  at  that  time  the  following  anecdote 
may  be  related:  A  member  of  the  church,  David 
Stewart  by  name,  was  leader  of  the  choir.  In  en- 
deavoring to  sing  the  psalm  read  by  tiie  minister  lie 
missed  the  tune.  After  several  inelfectual  attempts 
to  right  himself,  the  preacher's  patience  became  ex- 
hausted, and  he  peremptorily  ordered  him  to  close 
the"beyuk,"  saying,  "  You  shan't  abuse  the  word 
of  God  so."  This  command  ended  the  psalm-singing 
for  that  day.  The  fourth  and  present  house  was 
built  in  1X53.  This  house  was  also  built  of  stone, 
but  still  at  this  late  day  it  is  known  as  the  "  Old 
Log  Church."  Mr.  Annans  was  succeeded  in  lS2t) 
by  Rev.  William  Easton  as  pastor,  who  jireached 
there  regularly  until  the  year  1877,  a  period  of  fifty- 
one  years,  during  which  time  he  had  seen  laid  to  rest 
in  the  quiet  graveyard  adjoining  the  church  almost 
the  entire  congregation  that  was  present  to  listen  to 
his  first  sermon.  The  present  pastor  is  David  Ander- 
son, who  preaches  here  the  second  and  fniirtii  .Sab- 
baths in  each  month. 

Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  Mount  Nebo.— 
The  second  church  in  point  of  age  is  the  Methodist 
Episcopal  Cliurch  at  M(mnt  Nebo.  Methodism,  in 
its  struggle  for  a  foothold  in  this  township,  had  many 
difficulties  to  encounter.  The  strong  leaning  to  the 
doctrine  of  the  Mennonites  by  the  inhabitants  of  the 
northern  jiart  of  the  township,  the  religious  fervor 
of  the  Scotch-Irish  Covenanters  in  the  soutliern  sec- 
tion, made  this  section  of  the  county  a  barren  field 
for  a  time  for  the  inculcation  of  the  doctrines  of 
Wesley.  In'  1817,  however,  we  find  that  Jacob 
Harnisli,  of  Conestoga  township,  leased  a  lot  to  James 
Neal,  Valentine  Gardner,  John  Read,  and  William 
jMcCreary,  for  a  term  of  ninety-nine  years,  the  yearly 
rent,  being   one   jiepper-rorn,    to   be   paid    upon    the 


rposes.     In  tlie  year 
eld   at   the   house  of 


be  used  for  church  and  schii 
1818  Methodist  meetings  w 
David  Sockett,  at  wliicli  a  man  by  the  name  of  King 
prcaclu'd.  Sockett  live.l  upon  the  properly  now 
owned  by  David  Miller,  mar  Muddy  Run.  After 
this  occasional  meetings  were  lield  in  the  public 
school-house  and  in  private  dwellings  until  188-1, 
when  the  zeal  and  influence  of  Isaac  Greist  and 
others  caused  a  Methodist  Church  to  be  erected  in 
the  village  of  Mount  Nebo,  it  being  the  first  Meth- 
odist Church  in  this  part  of  the  county.  The  ground 
upon  which  this  church  was  erected  was  deeded, 
the  deed  bearing  date  Aug.  2,  1834,  by  Jacob  Harnish 
and  wife,  to  Isaac  Greist,  John  Miles,  Isaac  Wentz, 
John  Owens,  and  Robert  Bruce,  who  constituted 
the  first  board  of  trustees.  In  this  connection  Isaac 
Greist  should  receive  more  than  a  passing  notice. 
The  cause  of  Methodism  never  had  a  warmer  friend 
or  a  stronger  advocate.  He  gave  liberally  of  his 
means  whenever  called  upon.  He  had  for  some  years 
before  his  death  contemplated  leaving  his  property  to 
the  church  at  Mount  Nebo,  but  he  died  before  his 
wife,  namely,  March  18,  1876.  His  wife,  however, 
who  died  Nov.  1,  1879,  carried  out  the  wishes  of  her 
husband,  and  bestowed  the  bulk  of  her  possessions  to 
the  trustees  at  Mount  Nebo  for  the  purpose  of  erect- 
ing a  new  house,  the  corner-stone  of  which  was  laid 
Aug.  17,  1882,  and  the  house  dedicated  to  the  service 
of  God  Aug.  12,  1883.  Revs.  J.  S.  J.  McConnell  and 
George  Cummins  jireached  the  dedicatory  sermons, 
assisted  by  Rev.  J.  C.  Wood,  of  JMarietta,  and  others. 

The  present  structure  is  built  of  brick  and  furnished 
in  a  substantial  manner.  The  church  is  fifty-five  feet 
long  by  thirty-four  feet  wide.  Samuel  Jones,  of  Raw- 
linsville,  Martic  township,  was  contractor.  The  names 
of  the  building  committee  were  as  fo^llows:  John  A. 
Alexander,  Rev.  B.  K.  Hambleton,  James  Clark. 

The  following-named  gentlemen  constitute  the 
present  board  of  trustees:  John  Crawford,  presi- 
dent; James  Clark,  secretary;  J.  A.  Alexander, 
treasurer;  F.  Y'oung,  B.  K.  Hambleton,  Rolandiis 
Brubaker,  William  Armstrong,  I.  N.  Massey,  Samuel 
Alexander.     Present  membership,  forty-four. 

Bethesda  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,— The 
deed  of  the  land  upon  which  this  church  is  erected 
was  obtained  from  John  Creamer  and  wife.  The 
deed  was  made  to  the  following-named  persons,  who 
constituted  thp  first  board  of  trustees:  William  May- 
berry,  Henry  Hart,  John  Wentz,  Isaac  S.  Wentz, 
Lewis  Wilkinson,  Daniel  Swift,  and  Harrison  Potts. 
It  is  built  of  stone,  and  was  built  by  subscription  in 
1843.  James  Halm,  the  first  preacher  in  charge  at 
this  place,  who  was  a  carpenter  by  trade,  was  the 
builder.  William  McLaughlin  did  the  carpenter 
work  until  the  church  was  under  roof  It  was  fin- 
ished by  Christian  Creamer  and  Lewis  Wilkinson. 
The  present  board  of  trustees  consists  of  the  following 
persons:  Thomas  Wentz,  Jesse  Harner,  J.  O.  Dunkle, 
William  McLaughlin,  L.  R.  McClune,  John  II.  Car- 


IMARXrC   TOWNSHIP, 


975 


ter,    Hugh   Armstrong,    William    H.   Weiuz, 


Eckla 


herslni). 


Rawlinsville  Methodist  Episcopal   Church.— 

Tliis  is  a  iViiine  structure,  erected  in  1875.     The  land  i 
WAS  obtained  from  B.  F.  Miller,  and  deeded  by  liiiii  to  I 
the  following-named  gentlemen,  who  constituted  the  I 
first  board  of  trustees:  John  Monteitli,  Elias  Anmont,  | 
John  Hart,  Jacob  Hart,  H.  L.  Thompson,  Abraham  [ 
Creamer,  Samuel  Drumm,  Lewis  Volrath,  Washing-  i 
ton  Drumm,     Contractor  and  builder,  Samuel  Jones,  ! 
of  Rawlinsville.     Tlie  i)resent  number  of  communi-  ! 
cants  is  thirty-two.     The  Methodist  Circuit,  of  which 
Martic  forms  a  part,  was  formerly  called  the  Fulton 
Circuit.      It  was  subsequently  divided,   the  western 
part  taking  the  name  of  the  Mount  Nebo  Circuit. 
From  its  division  to  the  present  time  (188-3)  the  fol- 
lowing-named persons  officiated  in  the  churches  in  a 
ministerial  capacity:    Jose[)h    Magee,  Mauger, 


um,  G.  L.  Schaeffer,  Jo- 
ell,   W.  W.    McMichael, 

llins,  Thomas  MontL'i.m- 


H.  H.  Bodine,  N.  W.  Bei 
seph  Gregg,  Samuel  Har 
Frederick  Illman,  F.  M.  ( 
ery,  and  Robert  C.  W,.u.i, 

Marticville  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.— The 
first  .Methodist  congregation  in  the  northern  part  of 
the  township  was  organized  at  Marticville  in  1S36. 
Tlie  congregation  held  tlieir  meetings  in  private 
houses,  and  occasionally  in  the  public  school-house 
until  the  year  1863,  when  they  held  meetings  at  a 
place  known  as  Huber's  Hall.  The  meetings  were 
held  in  this  place  from  18()3  to  1874,  when  the  first 
Methodist  Church  was  erected  in  Marticville.  The 
land  upon  which  the  church  is  erected  was  purchased 
fiojn  Eli  ICsblcman,  and  wjis  deeded  to  Henry  Brooks, 
Samuel  Bookman,  Matthias  Myers,  Henry  Charles, 
Abraham  Charles,  and  John  D.  Sensenig,  the  first 
board  of  trustees.  The  church  is  built  of  stone,  and 
was  completed  and  dedicated  to  the  worship  of  God 
in  1874.  The  members  of  the  present  board  of  trust 
tees  are  Henry  Brooks,  David  S.  jMcElhaney,  Gabriel 
Spence,  David  Fehl,  ami  .Tames  ("reamer.  The  per- 
sons who  officiated  at  ihi>  cliun-h  in  a  ministerial 
capacity,  from  its  erection,  in  1^74,  till  the  present 
time  (i'^SR)  are  Rev.  .I..lin  llerr,  Rev.  Frederick 
Brady,  Krv.  John  W.  Harkiiis,  ^in.l  P.ev.  J.  A.  Am- 
tlier,    the    |)resunt    iiicimibont.      The   communicants 

in  the  Safe  Harber  ("ireuit. 

Mount  Nebo  Presbyterian  Church.— This  place 
of  wor.-hip  is  charti'red  utidei'  the  name  ol'  the  Pres- 
byterian Congregation  of  Mount  Nebo.  It  is  located  at 
what  is  commonly  known  as  Clark's  graveyard,  an  old 
burial  ground  of  the  forefathers  of  the  present  gene- 
ration. When  the  first  interment  took  place  we  have 
no  means  of  knowing.  The  oldest  tombstone  in  the 
yard   bears  tliis   in-cription,  "  William   Neil,'  Feb.  8, 


1814,"  although,  as  is  well  known,  it  was  used  as  a 
burial  ground  long  before  that  time.  The  charter  was 
granteil  April  23.  18.")4  (]).  W.  Patterson,  attorney), 
to  5ohn  I'.rai-,  Yoik  County,  Maris  Hoopes,  John  J. 
Porlei,  Tlioii,;!.,  Stiwart,  and  George  Campbell,  who 
composed  the  first  board  of  trustees.  This  board  held 
their  first  meeting  May  lo,  18.54.  The  church  was 
dedicated  in  October,  ISfi.').  Rev.  Alfred  Nevin 
preaclied  the  dedicator^'  sermon,  assisted  by  Rev. 
Lindley  C.  Rutter.  The  church  was  supplied  with 
preaching  by  Rev.  L.  C.  Rutter,  of  Chestnut  Level; 
Rev.  Mr.  Farquhar,  of  Chanceford,  York  Co. ;  by  Rev. 
Mr.  Gamble  (Farqubar's  successor),  and  occasion- 
ally by  others  until  the  installation  of  the  first  pastor, 
Rev.  Ezra  S.  Heany,  who  was  installed  in  June,  1879. 
The  present  board  of  trustees  are  George  Campbell 
(president!,  Joseph  Clark  (secretary  and  treasurer), 
Joseph  Armstrong,  A.  L.  Pegan,  Lewis  Jenkins,  and 
Isaac  Walton. 

Graveyards.— The  oldest  graveyard  in  this  town- 
ship is  the  one  attached  to  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
Church  at  Slarticville.  The  date  of  the  first  interment 
is  not  definitely  known,  but  it  antedates  the  French 
and  Indian  war.  It  was  used  as  a  burying-ground  by 
the  miners  who  worked  the  mines  now  known  as  the 
Pequea  Silver  Mines,  in  Pequea  township. 

The  next  in  jjoint  of  age  is  the  one  attached  to  the 
Muddy  Run  Presbyterian  Church,  better  known  as 
the  "  Old  Log  Cliurch."  The  first  interment,  accord- 
ing to  the  inscri|)tion  upon  the  tombstone,  is  that  of 
William  Duncan,  whose  interment  bears  date  1744. 
This  is  followed  by  Sarah  Rannels  interment,  bearing 
date  1750;  William  Leaman,  interred  in  17(;0;  ;ind 
Hugh  Gray,  in  1700. 

The  old   graveyard   at  the  Mount   Nebo   Presby- 


terian Church,  known  as  Clark's 


vey 


ird,  has  als 


been  used  for  a  long  time  as  a  jdace  of  interment,  but 
as  the  date  of  the  first  burial  at  this  place  has  faded 
from  the  recollection  of  the  oldest  inhabitants,  we 
have  no  other  data  by  which  we  might  be  able  to  fi.-c 
the  exact  time  at  which  this  spot  was  used  as  a  place 
of  burial  for  the  dead. 

There  is  also  a  graveyard  adjoining  the  Methodist 
l'',]ii^ii>p:il  ('liiinli  at  Mount  Nebo,  which  was  occu- 
|)ird  ;is  -iirh  as  eaiiv  as  the  building  of  the  first 
Methodist  Church  at  that  place. 

Kosciusko  Lodge,  No  374, 1.  0.0.  F.-This  lodge 
was  instituted  Sept.  2:i,  1S4'J,  and  was  at  that  time  lo- 
cated in  the  village  of  Mount  Nebo.  The  first  officers 
consisted  of  the  following:  N.  G.,  Mifflin  Elliott; 
V.  G.,  John  Hess;  Sec,  George  Campbell;  Assist. 
Sec.,   Cieorge   McCombs;    Treas.,   Samuel    Harnish. 

!  The  lodge  continued  to  meet  in  the  hall  at  Mount 
Nebo  until  1853,  when,  to  secure  more  commcjdioiis 

I  quarters,  the  hall  of  the  Sons  of  'I'emperance  at  Raw- 


Muilt 


bofoi 


lie  would  sliuut 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Since  its  removal  to  Rawlinsville  the  lodge  has  en-  | 
joyed  a  degree  of  prosperity  seldom  equaled  by  lodges  ' 
outside  the  cities.    At  present  the  lodge  owns  its  own 
hall,  and  has  between  four  thousaud  and  five  thou- 
sand dollars  at  interest.     This  lodge  is  centrally  Id- 
eated, in  a  good  neighborhood,  and  must  continue  to 
prosper  in   the  future  as  it  has  done   in   the   past. 
Below  we  give  the  names  of  those  who  have  filled 
the  chair  of  Noble  Grand  from  Sejitember,  1849,  to  ' 
October,  1883 : 

Mifllin    Elliot,   John    Hess,   Samuel    Harnish,   J. 
Proudfoot,  Thomas  Stewart,  Benjamin  Gontner,  Wil- 
liam Crawford,  F.  Shoflstall,    L.   D.  Taylor,   Hugh 
O'Neal,    John   Alexander,   John  Monteitli,  Thomas 
Labezius,  J.  C.  Otto,  Frederick  Hill,  D.  M.  Dunkle,  j 
William    Ramsay,  T.   R.    Johnson,  H.   Haimon,   F. 
Brenneman,  William  N.  Gibson,  John  Conrod,  0.  T. 
Soulsby,  John  McFalls,  W.  15.   Langert,  Elias  Au-  I 
ment,  D.  M.  Moore,  C.  A.  Derrick,  Juhn  Galen,  S.  C. 
Stevenson,  J.  B.  Laird,  David  Smitli,  Henry  Sholt-  j 
stall,   Albert  Hagen,    Hugh   Armstrong,  B.   F.  Arm-   1 
strong,  J.  B.  Dunkle,  Brice  Clark,  Henry  Brenberger,  I 
Amos  Groir,  F.  S.  Hess,  George  A.  Dunkle,  William 
Heaps,  Ambrose  SingliJton,  James  S.  Ewing,  Alfred 
Stewart,  William  K.  McFalls,  John  H.  Carter,  C.  H.  j 
Armstrong,  David  Ernharl,  T.  J.  Armstrong,  B.  F.  ' 
Jones,  Samuel  Hart,  J.  R.  Shank.     The  following-  | 
named    members   have   served   as   secretary   for  the  [ 
terms  set  ojiposite  their  names:  George  S.  Campbell,  ! 
one    term;    W.    il.    C.muay,   one   term;    William    A.   | 
Crawford,   Icur  terms;   Franklin    Young,   one   term;  ; 
Samuel    Allison,    one    term;    John    Alexander,    one, 
terjii ;  J.  W.  Deaver,  one  terra  ;  Mifllin  Elliot,  seven 
terms;  George  Tangert,   four   terms;  L,   D.  Taylor,  j 
one  term  ;  D.  M.  Dunkle,  one  term  ;  William  N.  Gib-  ' 
son,  one  term;   F.  Brenneman,  one  term  ;  John  Con- 
rad,  lour   terms;    Thomas  Lebazius,   sixteen   terms;  i 
John  Galen,  six  terms;  S.  t'.  Stevenson,  seventeen 
terms. 

Treasurers  for  the  same  time  have  been  as  follows: 
Samuel  Harnish,  two  terms;  John  Mmiteith,  thirty- 
one  terms;  Jlichard  Donaldson,  two  lenii>;  .\iiio>. 
Grofi;  four  terms;  Mifllin  Elliot,  one  term;  Ihi-h 
O'Neal,  eleven  terms;  Thomas  Lebazius,  six  tenn.-, ; 
Frank  Breneman,  tour  terms;  Jacob  Reese,  .^ix  lei  mis. 
I'resent  membership  of  this  lodge,  one  hundred  and 
forty-three. 

Pliny  Lodge,  No.  423,  Knig-hts  of  Pythias.— 
This  lodge  was  organized   .March   U,  1S74.     U  meets 
at  RawlinsviUe  in  the  Odd-Fellows'  Hall  on  Wednes-  1 
day  evening  of  each  week.     It  was  organized   with  | 
thirty-six  charier  members.     The  lodge  is  at  present 
in   a  very  i)rosi)erou3  condition,    nundtering  eighty 
members.     The'  following   |)ersons    have    filled    the 
eliair  of  Chancellor  Commander  from  its  organization, 
in  1874,  to  the  present  date  (1883)  :  Samuel  Jones,  S. 
C.  Stevenson,  S.  A.  Wright,  D.  M.  Moore,  B.  F.  Arm-  j 
stn,ng,  ,[.    \\   Yost,   M.I).,    L.   U.   McClune,  William  j 
11.  Wenlz,  .\mos  .McFalls,   Daniel   L'reamer,  Cieorge  ! 


W.  Shade,  John  Duffy,  F.  P.  Dully,  H.  C.  Cloud,  B. 
F.  Huber,  C.  H.  Armstrong,  Daniel  .Vrmstrong,  Bay- 
ard Reinhart,  John  Drumm. 

Martio  Forge.— 'flie  oldest  industry  in  Martic 
township  is  the  ir(jii  iiidu-try,  which  commenced  in 
the  township' at  Martic  Forge,  prior  to  the  Revolu- 
tionary war.  The  records  of  the  first  establishment 
of  this  place  of  business  arc  lost,  and  hence  we  have 
no  means  of  arriving  at  the  exact  date  of  the  starting 
of  this  jilace.  In  looking  over  the  records,  as  far  as 
they  have  been  accessible  to  us,  we  find  that  on  March 
17,  1737,  a  warrant  was  issued  to  Abram  Smith,  James 
Smith,  and  Thomas  Smith.  This  is  probably  the  first 
recorded  sale  of  any  portion  of  the  property  now 
known  as  Martic  Forge.  For  the  purpose  of  showing 
through  what  changes  this  property  has  passed  we 
subjoin  the  following  brief  of  title  ; 

Sept.  (],  17(;9.  James  Webl),  Esq.,  sold  furnace  and 
forge  and  3404  acres  of  land  in  ^Martic  township  to 
Ferguson  &  Mcllvaine,  as  the  property  of  Thomas 
Smith  &  Co. 

September  12th.  Ferguson  iV  Mellv;un  sold  furnace 
and  forge  to  Adam  Hoopes. 

June  2,  1770.  Adam  Hoopes  and  wife  conveyed 
furnace  and  forge  to  John  Malcolm,  George  Monroe, 
Samuel  Patterson,  and  John  McCalmont,to  each  one- 
fourth. 

May  25,  1771.  John  Met'almont  and  others  sold 
the  one-eighth  part  of  Marlii'  and  127o  acres  of  land 
to  Joseph  ^lu.sgrove. 

June  22,  1772.  John  .Malcom  and  others  sold  the 
one-fourth,  part  of  Martic  Forge  to  John  Fox  and 
Daniel  Longstreth  in  trust  for  William  Juto,  Robert 
Morris,  James  Hahlane,  William  Hazelwood,  Nicho- 
las Bernard,  Stacy  Ne|>ham,  Peter  Sutter,  James 
Fulton,  Alexander  Gresham,  John  -Kidd,  Peter 
Y'oung,  Anthony  Yeldale,  James  Berwick,  James 
Longhead,  John  Clark,  Zachariah  Neiman,  Robert 
Graves,  aud  the  said  John  Fox  and  Daniel  Long- 
streth, William  Hazelwood,  Peter  Sutter,  and  Alex- 


-Male 


\Vl 


llig:l>. 


a  .Monlgo 


th  p; 


lid 


Feb.  IS,  1774. 
fourth  part  of  Mii 
and  .Matthias  Wil 
part.     John  Male 
of  Martic  Forge  t 

Feb.  23,  1775.^ 
eighth  part  of  Martic  Forge  to  .Michael  Welsh. 

Sept.  28,  1777.  Matthias  Wilkins  sold  a  moiety  of 
one-fourth  part  of  Martic  Forge  to  William  Mont- 
gomery, who  then  sold  one-fourth  part  of  the  forge 
and  laud. 

December  -8111.  William  .Montgomery  sold  one- 
fourth  partof  the  forge  and  land  t,r.MiclK'iel  Hilligas. 

Sept.  0,  1778.  Joseph  Montgomery  and  wife  sold 
his  one-fourth  part  of  :\Iartic  Forge  to  Michael  Hil- 


To  the 


to  .Michael   Hilligas 


martk;  township. 


977 


tlie  one  undivided  fourth  piirt  of  Martiu,  liqual  to  six  j 
twenty-fourths,  purchased  from  William  Montgomery, 
the  one-eighth  part,  equal  to  three  tweiity-fourtlis, 
))urchased  from  Joseph  Musgvove,  and  tin-  him-  fniiilii 
part,  equal  to  six  twenty-fourths,  jjun-lia-MMJ  tnnii 
, lames  Fulton  and  others,  anioniitinu'  in  llu-  wliol.-  in 
fifteen  twenty-fourths  jiarts,  were  pun  h:i-f,l  liy  llie 
said  Michael  llilligas,  in  iiarliirr>iii|i  wilh  Matthias 
Slough  and  George  Ege,  though  the  deeil  was  in  the 
name  of  M.  Ililligas  alone,  there  are  only  convey- 
ances |for  twenty-one  thirty-fifth  parts  of  the  fourth 
purchased  from  James  Fnltim  and  others,  the  remain- 
ing fourteen  thirty-tilths  jiarts    heing    uuclaiiiied   or 

June  2G,  1783.  George  Ege  released  his  interest, 
amounting  to  five  twenty-fourths  parts,  to  Jlatthias 
(Slough,  who  then  held  ten  twenty-fourths  parts. 

Sept.  27, 1792.  Michael  Hilligas  conveyed  to  Rich- 
ard Footman  and  others,  surviving  assignees  of  Jlat- 
thias  Slough,  then  a  bankrupt,  the  interest  which  Mat- 
thias Slough  owned  in  the  works,  the  title  to  which  was 
in  his  own  name,  as  well  as  Mr.  Ege's  share,  w  hich  had 
previously  been  sold  by  him  to  Slough,  amounting  in 
the  wdiole  to  fifteen  twenty-fourths  [larts  of  the  forge, 
etc. 

March  11,  1793.  Richard  Footman  and  others, 
surviving  a.ssignees  of  Matthias  Slough,  sold  his  share 
in  the  estate  (viz.,  ten  twenty-lburths  parts  thereof)  to 
George  Ege. 

March  13.  Michael  Hilligas  sold  to  Robert  Cole- 
man and  George  Ege  the  one-eighth  part,  e(iual  to 
three  twenty-fourths,  purchased  from  John  Jlalcohn 
and  others,  and  his  one-third  part  of  fifteen  twenty- 
fourths,  equal  tofive  twenty-fourtiis,  which  he  held  in 
partnership  with  Matthias  Slough  and  George  Ege, 
the  whole  amounting  to  eight  twenty-fourths. 

Sept.  30,  1793.  John  Miller,  sherilf,  sold  the  one- 
eighth  [lart  of  Martic  Forge  and  land  to  liohert 
Coleman  and  George  Ege,  late  the  property  of  John  ' 
Welsh. 

July  8,  1803.  George  Ege  sold  to  Robert  Coleman 
his  one-lialf  of  all  the  Martic  lands  purchased  and 
held  by  Robert  Coleman  and  George  Ege  in  com- 
pany, or  granted  and  conveyed  to  them  in  fee  as  ten- 
ants in  common  ;  purchase-money  two  thousand  five 
hundred  |»ounds. 

Same  day.  George  Ege  sold  to  Robert  Coleman  all 
the  share  and  interest  in  the  Jlartic  proi)erty  which 
formerly  belonged  to  Matthias  Slough,  and  wdiich  he 
purchased  from  the  assignees  ;  consideration  money 
four  hundred  pounds. 

Jan.  30,  1804.  Robert  Coleman,  his  one  undivided 
half  part  of  forge  and  lands  to  Edward  JSrien,  lor 
six  thousand  five  hundred  pounds. 

1S2.J  or  1820.  Janus  Coleman  inherited  iNIartic 
Forge  from  his  father's  estate,  and  in  1831  he  erected 
a  steel  furnace.  This  proi)erty.at  that  time  consisted 
of  six  thousand  four  hundred  and  seventy-four  acres, 
valued  at  $72,100. 
Gl 


185i5.  Heirs  of  James  Coleman  sold  the  forge  to 
George  Steele. 

1858.  Assignees  of  George  [Steele  .sold  the  forge  to 
Robeiit  Potts. 

1802.  Sheriff  of  Lancaster  County  .sold  Martic 
Forge  to*  the  firm  of  Davis  &  I'otts,  the  |ireseiit 
owners  (1883). 

Robert  S.  Potts,  the  present  manager  of  the  Martic 
Works,  is  a  relative  of  Isaac  Potts,  who  is  mentioned 
in  Weems'  "Biography  of  Washington"  as  being  a 
man  of  note  during  the  struggle  of  the  colonies  for 
independence. 

What  was  known  as  ^Martic  Furnace  was  not  with- 
in the  present  limits  of  ^Martic  township,  but  was 
situated  in  what  is  now  Providence  township,  near 
the  present  site  of  Rreneman's  mill.  The  forge, 
down  to  and  during  the  time  of  Edward  Brien,  was 
run  nniinly  by  slave  labor.  The  burial-ground  of 
these  slaves  may  still  be  seen  in  this  townshi]),  in  a 
piece  of  wood  on  the  left-hand  side  of  the  public 
road  leading  from  Marticville  to  Jlount  Nebo. 

Distilleries. — Tiie  next  oldest  indu^try  of  the  town- 
ship were  the  distilleries.  The  first  distillery  was  on 
the  road  leading  from  Bethesda  to  Snaveley's  mill, 
on  Muddy  Run.  The  date  of  its  establishment, 
owing  to  the  lack  of  records,  cannot  be  ascertained. 
A  second  distillery  was  operated  in  the  neighborhood 
of  Martic  Forge.  A  third  stood  upon  the  property 
now  occupied  by  David  Fehl,  near  Marticville.  A 
fourth  was  in  existence  upon  tlie  property  now  owned 
by  John  G.  Good.  Of  three  of  these,  namely,  the 
one  upon  Felil's  property,  the  one  at  Martic  Forge, 
and  the  one  upon  Good's  property,  no  authentic  date 
of  their  erection  and  discontinuance  can  be  given,  in 
consequence  of  the  paucity  of  the  records  relating 
thereto.  A  fifth  distillery  was  operated  upon  a  piece 
of  land  now  owned  (1883)  by  the  Goods,  and  known 
as  Good's  mill.  It  was  built  by  a  man  named 
Shank,  and  was  called  Shank's  distillery.  This  last- 
named  distillery  was  built  in  1793,  discontinued  as 
a  distillery  in  1830,  and  converted  into  a  flour-  and 
feed-mill,  which  is  carried  on  at  the  present  date 
(1883). 

The  Hagen  Axe-Factory.— A  third  industry  for 
which  this  township  is  noted,  and  which  is  peculiarly 
a  child  of  the  township,  was  the  manufacture  of  the 
celebrated  "  llagen  Axe."  The  exact  date  at  wdiich 
the  manufacture  of  tliis  instrument  was  commenced 
is  not  definitely  known.  John  Ilagen,  the  grand- 
father of  the  present  Hagen  family  in  this  section, 
was  the  first  person  of  the  name  who  manufactured 
these  axes  in  this  townslup.  He  died  before  his  oldest 
son,  Joshua,  was  of  age.  This  son  learned  the  trade 
and  taught  it  to  his  two  brothers,  Davis  and  Elijah. 
Elijah  Hagen  discontinued  the  trade,  but  Davis  con- 
tinned  to  work  at  the  business  until  within  a  short 
time  of  his  death.  He  taught  the  art  to  his  five  sons, 
Bascom,  John,  Albert,  Davis,  and  William.  These 
descendants  of  the  pioneers  of  this  business  continue 


^1 


HISTORY  OF  LANCASTER  COUiNTY. 


lie  njanufacture  of  the  Hngen  axe  in  the 
ood  lit'  Miniut  Nebo  at  the  i)reseiit  day. 
Brick-Yards.— A    fourtli    industry   t-arri 
lii.-i  touii>hii>  ill  the  neighborlioud  of  Mar 
lie  luunufacture  of  brick.     This  busine^^s 


upuu 


tile   spot  where   tlie   first  briek- 


o])enod.  Tlie  first  brick  made  here  was  made  l)y  Isaac 
Heiney  in  1S13,  but  tlie  first  brick-yard  was  opened 
by  D.  S.  JIcElhaiiey  in  1847,  and  continued  by  hiui 
up  to  the  present  day.  The  clay  from  which  these 
brick  are  made  is  a  lacustrian  formation  covering  an 
area  of  about  ten  acres,  and  the  brick  made  irom  it 
are  in  demand  all  over  the  county. 

Furniture  Manufactory.~A  fifth  iiuUistry  is  the 
manufacture  of  furniture,  carried  on  at  JMount  Nebo 
by  S.  C.  Stevenson.  At  tliis  i)lace  are  manufactured 
all  kinds  of  bedroom  and  kitchen  furniture.  The 
proprietor  of  the  furniture  warerooms  is  also  engaged 
in  the  business  of  undertaker,  and  in  a  period  of 
fifteen  years  lias  coinniitted  to  the  earth  more  than 
five  liuiulred  persons. 

OtherTrades.— The  following-named  persons  carry 
on  the  trades  of  blacksmith  and  wheelwright:  Mar- 
ticville,  James  Creamer,  blacksmith;  Albert  Guiles, 
wheelwright.  Raw linsville,  wheelwright,  Henry  Hei- 
ney; blacksmith,  JohnHagen.  Bethesda, blacksmith, 
John  W.Sweigart.  Drytown, blacksmith,  John  Miles. 
Mount  Nebo,  Albert  llagen,  wheelwright;  John 
lirown,  blacksmith. 

Mills. — Martic  township  has  three  mills,  situated 
as  follows  :  One  near  Marlicville,  called  (iooil's  mill ; 
Snaveley's  mill,  on  Muddy  Run,  and  Wentz's  mill, also 
on  Muddy  Run,  not  far  from  the  village  of  Bethesda. 
Hotels.— The  first  hotel  within  the  limits  of  .^lar- 
tic  townshiii  was  called  the  Cob  Hotel,  and  stood 
upon  the  road  leading  from  Mount  Nebo  to  Rawlins- 
ville,  about  one  mile  Irom  the  latter  place.  The  ruins 
of  this  hotel  may  still  be  seen  upon  the  farm  of  John 
Seigfreid,  near  Rawlinsville,  and  the  hill  near  the 
site  upon  which  the  hotel  stood  still  retains  the  name 
of  Cob  Hill.  Though  the  memory  of  ihi^  tlie  first 
hotel,  still  lingers,  the  recollection  of  the  date  of  its 
building  has  laded  from  the  memory  of  man.  Another 
famous  hostelry  was  one  in  the  village  of  Rawlins- 
ville, known  as  Oldfield's  Hotel,  from  the  circum- 
stance of  a  man  named  Oldfield  having  been  the  jiro- 
]irietor  lor  a  number  of  years.  Tlie  hoiiM'  in  which 
this  famous  ]ilace  of  entertainment  was  kcjit  was 
erected  about  the  beginning  of  the  present  century. 
It  still  stands  in  the  village  of  Rawlinsville,  and  is 
now  used  as  a  horse-stable.  It  was  the  first,  and  for 
a  number  of  years  the  only  building  in  the  village. 
Weapiiend  the  following  list  of  hotel  licenses  granted 
in  IMartic  towhsliip  for  the  years  named  : 

The  tavern  licenses  granted  in  .Martic  in  1804  were 
as  follows:  Sebastian  Sweigart,  "Seven  Stars,"  on 
the  road  from  Lancaster  to  IMartic  Forge;  James 
Rrown,  "Mirmaid,"  on.  the  loud  from  Lancaster  to 
McCall's  Feiry. 


In  1805:  John  McCauless,  "Spread  Eagle,"  on  the 
road  from  Lancaster  to  McCall's  Ferry;  Sebastian 
Sweigart,  "Seven  Stars,"  on  the  road  from  Columbia 
to  Frogjown  ;  James  Brown,  "  Mermaid,"  on  the  road 
from  Lancaster  to  McCall's  Ferry. 

In  180G:  'John  ."\IcCanless,  "Spread  Eagle,"  on  the 
road  from  Lancaster  to  JlcCall's  Ferry;  Henry  Herr; 
Thomas  Robinson;  Sebastian  Sweigart,  "Seven  Stars," 
on  the  road  from  Lancaster  to  Martic  Forge. 

In  1800:  John  Sluup,  on  the  road  from  Lancaster 
to  McCall's  Ferry;  M:iry  Sweigart,  "Seven  Stars," 
on  the  road  from  Slieiik's  ]\[ill  to  Newport;  James 
Brown,  "Mermaid,"  on  ihe  n.ad  from  .McCall's  Ferry 
to  Christiana. 

A  hotel  was  opened  about  the  year  1780  upon  a 
property  now  occupied  by  Daniel  Carrol,  about  one 
mile  east  of  McCall's  Ferry.  It  was  opened  by  \\'i\- 
liam  Patterson,  and  sold  by  him  to  William  Neal  in 
1810,  wdro  discontinued  the  hotel.  A  hotel  was  erected 
at  McCall's  Ferry,  on  the  Susquehanna  River,  and 
continues  at  the  present  day.  The  present  list  of  hotels 
is  as  follows:  F.  B.  Grolf,  "Cross-Keys,"  Marticville; 
Crispin  Taylor,  "  Exchange  Hotel,"  Rawlinsville ; 
Amos  McFalls,  "Rawlinsville  Hotel,"  Rawlinsville; 
Christian  Ufileman,  "Hotel  de  UlUeman,"  McC:iirs 
Ferry  ;  "  Fairview,"  better  known  as  the  "Slab." 


El;    LXVII. 


Organization  and  Description.— Jlanheim  was 
one  of  the  original  townships  of  the  county,  and  as 
such  its  boundaries  were  agreed  upon  at  "a  meeting 
of  magistrates  and  citizens"  held  June  9,  1729,  and 
confirmed  by  the  Court  of  Quarter  Sessions  on  the 
s'econd  Tuesday  of  August  in  the  same  year.  The 
boundaries  were  described  as  follows:  "Beginning 
by  Peter's  road,  at  a  curufr  of  Donegal  and  Warwick 
townships,  near  the  htad  ni'  Little  Conestoga  Creek  ; 
thence  down  the  said  road  by  Warwick  township  to 
Conestoga  Creek;  thence  down  the  -aid  creek  to  the 
I  Old  Doctor's  (Hans  Henry  Nrir>)  Konl  ;  thence 
I  westerly  by  Lanca'*tcr  township  on  a  direct  line  ti) 
ttle   Conestoga,   at    the   upper   sidu  of  I'.'ter    lioni- 


land;  tli: 


maternill 
Lancasti 
Manheiii 


of  beginning." 

These  boundaries  have  not  bee 
changed,  but  the  extension  of  the  I 
City  slightly  reduced  the  terrilc 
making  its  jjouthern  line  irregular. 

Because  tif  its  proximity  to  Lancaster  f'ity,  as  \ 

as  for  other  reasons,  this  townslii|)  is  iliiekly  sett 

and   its   lands  are  very  valuaMe.     Tliey  have  gi 

j   worth,  however,  i'ndcpeiuhntly  of  this  circumstai 


MANIIEIM    TOWNSHIP. 


979 


are  few,  if  any,  better  agiiciiltunil  propeitiea  to  be 
found  in  tlie  county  than  suine  of  tho.se  which  are  to 
he  seen  in  Manheira,  and  tlicre  are  probaldy  none 
whieli  are  more  tliorouglily  or  sy:,U'inatieally  w.nked. 
That  this  is  a  particularly  rich  spot  in  the  t,Mr(leu 
county   of  the  State   would    he  <'vi.lent    eviui    lo    the 


and  seven  children  survived  liini.  The  only  son  was 
Martin,  who,  on  the  8th  of  October,  1788,  sold  the 
farm  to  Abraham  liiestand,  a  brother-in-law.  He 
had  maj-ried  Eli/.abeth,  a  daughter  of  ^fartin  Wey- 


dralh  Ma 


time 

'Cht,    \N 


.M;l 


let  (. Mi- 


lter.lier 
t  of  the 


easily  ' 
reason 


uubtle 


land  and  in  great  profusion. 
Ill  being  so  near  the  city  can 
ilo  so  frequently.  To  this 
ibutable   the   fact   that   the 


luLuUs  of  s 
township. 


Jfenuon- 


township  contains  very  few  and  small  chu 
the  exception  of  those  which  belong  to  tl 
ites  and  Dunkers. 

The  townslii|),  as  the  description  of  its  boundaries 
already  given  would  indic.-ite,  lie.s  between  the  Big 
and  Little  Conestogas ;  the  former  separates  it  from 
Upper  Leacock  and  East  Lampeter,  and  the  latter 
from  East  Hempfield.  It  is  bounded  upon  the  south 
by  the  township  and  city  of  Lancaster,  and  its  north- 
ern neighbors  are  Warwick  and  Penn. 

Settlement.— In  the  session  of  the  General  As- 
sembly of  the  province  of  Pennsylvania  beginning  on 
the  14lh  day  of  October,  1738,  and  twelfth  year  of 
the  reign  of  George  11.,  an  act  was  passed  naturalizing 
a  large  number  of  the  inhabitants  of  Lancaster 
County.  In  it  are  a  number  of  names  which  are 
identified  as  those  of  Manlieim  township  settlers, 
among  them  Hans  Adam  Shrciner.  'i'lie  act  was 
]irinted  in  Philadelphia  liy  Benjamin  Franklin,  and 
upon  the  copy  seen  by  the  writer,  in  the  po.ssession  of 
Squire  Henry  Shreiner,  one  Christian  Gressold  has 
written  a  receipt  for  £2  2s.  received  from  Hans  Adam 
Shreiner,  doubtless  in  payment  for  the  service  of  the 
former  in  delivering  to  him  the  formal  and  official 
notice  that  he  was  among  the  persons  naturalized. 

Shreiner,  who  was  from  Cierinauy,  came  to  the 
township  in  1729,  and  located  on  the  farm  now  owned 
by  Henry  B.  Shreiner  and  John  Grosh.  He  also  had 
land  north  of  Netlsville,  now  owned  by  Christian 
Brubaker,  David  Stouer,  and  others.  The  farm  first 
mentioned,  or  at  least  two  hundred  and  eighty  acres 
of  it,  was  inherited  by  his  son  Philip,  who  had  two 
sons,  Martin  and  Michael,  the  former  of  whom 
removed  to  Lancaster  City,  where  lie  became  quite 
prominent.  The  latter  remained  in  Maiiheiiii,  and 
was  the  father  of  Squire  Henry  Slminer,  liitlierto 
sjioken  of,  one  of  the  best  kiiou-ii  re-ideiits  ol'  the 
townshij),  and  for  a  period  of  forty-three  years  a  jus- 
tice of  the  peace. 

Among  the  settlers  who  had  come  into  the  town- 
ship before  1739  was  Martin  Weybrecht.  There  was 
granteil  to  him  December  lllh  of  that  year  two  hun- 
dred and  seventy-live  acres  of  hind  on  Concstoga 
Creek,  where  he  lived  until  his  death,  in  1787.  He 
was  a  blacksmith  by  trade,  and  (;ollector  of  the  town- 
ship in  17S1.  He  was.  twice  married,  iiis  first  wife, 
Margaret,  dying  in  1741.    His  second  wife,  Elizabeth, 


1739,  had  settled  w 
lou-  Henry  Landis'), 
md  in  17-')li  was  not 


St  of 


l.ara  iMrs.  Andrew  K.hiar 
Eoltz),  Christina  (Mis.  Join 
(Mrs.  Jacob  Conrad).  Dos 
families  are  now  living  in  t 

Benjamin  Webb,  prior  to 
Martin  Weybrecht's  land  ( 
remained  but  a  few  years,  : 
township. 

Caspar  Nettsly,  a  settler 
on  land  adjoining  that  otU 
Long,  and  Benjamin  Webb 
family  came  to  be  k 
Caspar  Nettsly  owi 
Wallace  Hauch. 

Frederick  Eiselberger  came  into  the  township 
about  the  same  time  as  Martin  Weybrecht,  and  set- 
tled on  one  hundred  and  forty  acres  of  land,  for 
which  he  received  a  patent  Nov.  13,  1745.  He  re- 
mained here  only  until  1753,  when  he  sold  to  Adam 


IS  Xis-le 


jii  Shreiner,  John 
probable  that  this 
s.  The  land  that 
the  possession  of 


Wi 


Ba 


Lai; 


AL, 


istei 


and  lived  upon  it  in  175G. 
lied  one  hundred  acres  in  the 
liavid,  Isaac,  and  John  Stoner, 
ere  living  in  the  neighborhood 


Simon  Kuhn  a 
who  in  turn  s 
owned  the  pro 
David  Stoner  a 
same  region  in 
descendants  of 

in  1828.  '  John  died  in  that  year,  and  one  hundred 
and  twelve  acres  owned  by  him  passed  into  the  pos- 
session of  Samuel  Hunsecker,  a  miller.  On  this  prop- 
erty is  the  mill  now  owned  by  Isaac  Hostetter.  It 
was  known  many  years  as  the  Stauffer  mill.  Hun- 
secker had  long  been  a  resident  of  the  township. 
Tie  left  three  sons,  Jacob,  Peter,  and  Christian,  the 
last  named  of  wlionf,  born  here  in  1814,  succeeded  to 
the  ownership  of  the  mill,  and  became  a  prominent 
man,  not  only  in  the  township  but  the  county.  He 
e  in  the  years  1850,  '51,  '52, 


served  in  the  Legislatun 
'54,  5(3,  and  '71. 

In  1756  there  were  livi 
plier,  Jacob,  Stephen,  S: 
Myer.     They  lived  at  wl 


he  towilsl; 
and  Mart 
later  knc 


re,  or 
Ore- 
gon. Samuel  and  Jacob  i\Iyer  were  smiths,  and 
owned  about  6nc  hundred  acres  of  land  each.  Mar- 
tin and  Jacob  were  farmers,  and  owned  respectively 
two  hundred  and  two  hundred  and  fifty  acres.  Mar- 
tin had  at  this  time  a  grist-  and  saw-mill,  and  in 
1780  owned  two  mills.  The  history  of  the  village  of 
Oregon  (given  elsewhere)  is  connected  from  the  first 
with  that  of  this  family. 

At  the  same  time  that  the  Jlyers  are  mentioned  as 
living  here  (1750)  Samuel  and  Isaac  Bare  (or  licar) 
were    located    iieai    them.     In     1779,   Samuel    Bare 


9S0 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


and  he  subsequently  built  a  tavern  in  the  village 
(see  history  of  Oregon).  Jacob  Bare  was  a  farjner, 
and  owned  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres  of  land. 

The  family  of  Brubaker  were  originally  settlers  in 
other  parts  of  the  county  in  1709-10,  and  considera- 
bly later,  some  of  them  came  into  this  township. 
Ill  175G  there  were  among  them  Joseph,  Henry, 
Jolm,  St.,  John,  Jr.,  Christopher,  and  Jacob,  all  of 
whom  had  taken  up  lands.  Henry  in  1770  had  a  dis- 
tillery on  his  farm,  ilany  persons  bearing  the  name 
of  Brubaker  now  live  in  the  township,  and  many 
others  who  are  descendants  of  the  family  but  bear 
other  names. 

Christian  Binkley  was  one  of  the  early  settlers,  his 
land  having  been  granted  by  the  proprietors.  He 
was  here  as  early  as  1740,  and  at  that  time  one  of  the 
wealthiest  men  in  the  townshij).  In  1770  he  had  in 
addition  to  his  land  u  grist-  and  saw-mill.  In  1789 
he  built  the  famous  Binkley's  bridge,  the  first  stone 
bridge  in  the  county,  of  which  a  more  extended  ac- 
count is  elsewhere  given.  His  descendants  are  now 
few  and  widely  scattered. 

Peter  Bachman  was  among  the  early  settlers,  and 
one  of  the  largest  resident  landowners  in  the  town- 
ship. He  had  one  tract  of  land  of  three  hundred 
acres,  which  was  granted  to  him  by  the  Penns,  and 
which  was  assessed  at  three  thousand  five  hundred 
and  twenty-six  pounds.  He  died  before  1786,  and 
his  widow,  Mary  Bachman,  hehl  the  iiropcrty  at  that 
time.  Descendants  of  the  family  are  .-till  in  the 
county. 

John  Bossier,  one  of  the  early  settlers,  whose 
descendants  still  reside  in  the  township,  was  here  as 
early  as  1740,  and  in  175(3  was  in  po.ssession  of  one 


lich 


IS  granted 


hundred  and  fifty  acres  of 

him  by  the  Penns.  i 

Benjamin  Landis  is  the  olde>t  descendant  of  one  of 
the  settlers  of  the  same  name,  who  punlia-eil  Irom  the 
]iroprietors  in  1750   a  tract  of  land  containing  over 
one    thousand    acres  with   the  u.-5Ual   allowances  for 
roads.     It  lay  on  what  is  now  known  as  the  Read- 
ing road,  and  at  Landis  Valley.     In  1750  he  had  dis- 
posed of  two  hundred  and  fifty  acres  to  his  son  Plenry,  ! 
and  by  178G  he  bad  disposed  of  other  lands  to  his  son 
Benjamin.    He  had  another  son,  John.    The  descend-  ' 
ants  of  the  three  have  been  very  numerous.     Benja- 
min, a  grandson  of  Benjamin,  the  pioneer,  lived  at  the 
old  homestead,  and  died  in  1822.     A  son  of  Henry, 
Benjamin,   lived    near    Oregon,   and    became    very 
wealthy.     Of  the  other  sons  of  Henry,  John  moved 
to    Henipfield   township;    Isaac    lived   at   iManheim,  j 
and  at  one  time  kept  the  Landis  Valley  Hotel  ;  Jacob 
also  lived  at  Landis  Valley,  and  in    1  s,V,   built  the  '• 
hotel  at  that  ))iacc. 

I'hili])  Dieliich  was  in  17.'iG  an  extensive  owner  of  , 
land  which  he  took  up  from  the  Penns. 

The  name  of  Miller  was  represcmted  in  the  town- 
ship in  175(1,  but  the  family  probably  dcpailcd  at  an 
curly    date.      In    the    year    ISOC,    Andrew    .Miller,    a  ' 


native  of  East  Hempfield  townsliip,  came  across  the 
Little  Conestoga  into  Manheim,  and  settled  near  the 
mouth  of  Carter's  Run.  He  was  a  farmer,  and  lived 
there  until  his  death.  He  left  two  children,— John 
and  Elizabeth.  Juhii  .Miller  became  an  active  man 
in  the  township,  and  was  particularly  prominent  in 
the  anti-slavery  movement,  the  school  reform  (adop- 
tion of  the  law  of  1834),  and  temperance. 

Christian  and  Jacob  Kaulfman,  who  were  residents 
of  what  is  now  East  Hempfield  township,  moved  into 
this  township  when  young  men,  and  bought  land  of 
the  proprietor  before  1778.  At  that  time  they  were 
farmers,  but  both  became  millers.  Their  descend- 
ants are  now  living  in  the  township,  and  the  old  mill- 
sites  are  still  occupied  by  mills. 

Christian  Lang,  or  Long,  was  one  of  the  settlers  who 
were  here  in  1739,  and  they  obtained  a  patent  for 
about  five  hundred  acres  of  land  in  1756.  John 
Long,  Sr.,  and  John  Long,  Jr.,  were  both  living  in 
1779,  and  had  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres  each. 
The  family  is  still  represented  in  the  county. 

John  Huber  was  a  settler  as  early  as  1740,  and 
bought  land  from  the  proprietor  in  1779.  His  son 
John  settled  near  him,  and  a  second  son.  Christian, 
was  a  joiner,  and  by  178G  became  a  landowner  and  a 
miller. 

The  Hersheys,  early  settlers  in  the  county,  had  as 
representatives  in  this  township  in  175G,  Abraham 
and  Benjamin  Hersliey,  who  each  had  one  hundred 
and  seventy  acres  granted  them  by  the  luoprietors  at 
a  much  earlier  date. 

The  family  of  Slienk,  still  living  in  the  township, 
had  an  ancestor  living  here  in  175G,  Michael  Sheuk. 

Peter  Frantz,  in  1779,  had  a  small  tract  of  land, 
and  in  1786  Chri.stian  Frantz  had  two  hundred  acres. 
Descendants  of  the  name  and  others  by  intermarriage 
are  numerous  in  the  township. 

.Peter  Graybill  was  a  landowner  here  in  1779,  and 
the  name  still  exists  iy  the  township. 

The  names  of  Frederick  Stoutfer,  Daniel  Rudy. 
Christian  Hartman,  George  and  Sebastian  Grott'  all 
appear  on  the  assessment-list  of  1756,  and  represen- 
tatives of  nearlv  all  of  them  are  now  in  the  township 


Residents  in  1779.--A  list 
wners  in   1779  i,  here  given. 


Fredericli  Armpiifli. 

Jolm  Itcissler 

Joaepli  Itrubiiker.... 


the  names  of  laiid- 
ith   the  number  of 


i 


MANIIEIM  TOWNSHIP. 


Acres. 

1 
Ac.-es. 

Caspar  Gnil).... 

IClJ      Su 

-ICM      .hi 

nuel  Myer 

■..bMyw 

::;::::::::.: 

2111;      M 

itiii  My..i- 

T)  1    J. 

i.:l     J, 

ui'i.'m'vVV'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.' 
liiliHiii   Mvur 

;!'.'..'.'.'.v.'.  w, 

1-  ^          

TW   ?^ 1  1 

iJ.].    J 

^     ^.    (Ma^  la   ] 

sag  a;  p        J 

jqrap]  u, 

saflHiHum  T©w   rf  1 

ft53©fl@TlH    p@. 

MANIIEIM   TOWiNSHIP. 


llin      Samuel  Myer.. 


Acres. 

Lcin 

.     811 

Leib, 

.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.  -1111 

Loil, 

'■'■'" 

'.Z'"'."Z  l.x'l 

hu,r„ 

::;;:;::::  :!ii» 

...... 

l.iiyc 

,;■', 

I.aiu 

IMll. 

Luu 

92 

i.ii^ 

■■■  Z'Zl  in 

LbLT 

10 

JI.,y 

NewDialcer, 
IV.piici-,  Mat 
I'riitly,  Diilii 


Singer,  . 

Sipe,  I'l-tci-. 
Shriller,  Jolin. 
SliuemaUer,  Jacob. 
Slialeniberger,  Miir 

Secunl,  Coiir.id. 


Mayer,  Ma 
MelBler,  Ja 
MeUler,  Jm 
Mylcy,  Jul 
Myer,.\l.n 


Stolier,  Pavid. 
Sliaffuer,  Ilenr. 
Slieets,  AJaui. 


Jacob  Met/.\er. 

Henry  Sloner 

John  Meily. 

lienja.niu  Lan 

Chiistian  Frich. 

John  Long. 

George  llnlier. 

Conrad  Sihisal 

Philip  Lower. 

Nicliol:.8llnhi 

George  Ilnhn. 

John  Myer. 

Daniel  Ilu.ly. 

Isaac  Bare. 

Ahrahani  Kur 

Henry  Bngh  Isho 

emaker). 

Ch.„l.au(:in 

Non-Associators.- 

associators  of  1777  : 

Binkley,  Christian. 
Byaiuger,  Peter. 
Buck,  George. 


Bysinger,  Jacob 
Brnbaker,  Josepli. 


Bnibaker,  Henry. 
Baily,  David. 


be,  Benjai 
Oenrge. 
,  Nicholas. 


e.\cep- 
Is.     In 


Mechanical  Industries.—Tlie  only  inJnstiies  of 
a  mecUiiiik-al  uatuiu  ul  ;iu  I'arly  day  (w 
tion  of  distilleries)  were,  as  tliey  are  n 
1779,  George  Bugh  had  an  oil-mill,  AVilliaiu  Davis  a 
fulling-mill,  and  Jacob  Kaull'iuaii  and  Martin  Myers 
grist-  and  saw-mills.  1  ii-iilleriL^  Avere  carried  on  at 
the  same  date  by  Mardii  ^hallaberger,  Michael 
Sln-einer,  John  Snyder,  and  Jacob  Wilhelm.  In 
17S()  grist-mills  were  owned  by  Christian  Binkley, 
Henry  Brubaker,  William  Davis,  Christian  Froutz, 
Jacob  Kaurt'man  (twoi,  Martin  Myer  (twn),  and  there 
was  one  distillery  owned  by  Jacob  Wilhulin  (who 
also  kept  a  tavern). 

The  mill  owned  by  Myers  (now  owned  by  Simon, 

Hostetter)  is  mentioned  in    the  history  of  Oregon. 

The  mill   on  the   Little  Conestoga  was  built  about 

ISOi;  by  Jacob  Kanll'man,  who  moved  over  the  creek 

I  from    East  Ilempfield   before  1775.     He  carried   on 

j  the  mill  until  his  deaUi,  when  it  passed  into  the  pos- 

j  session  of  his  .^on  .lacob.     It  is   now  owned  by  Mrs. 

Jacob  Kaulliriun. 
1  About  ISUU,  Christian  Kaulfman,  brother  of  Jacob, 
j  also  came  over  from  East  Hemptield  and  built  a  huge 
I  stone  mill  at  the  mouth  of  Carter's  Knn.  He  kept  it 
I  about  six  or  eight  years,  and  then  sold  to  John  Mi- 
I  chael,  Sr.,  of  Lancaster  City,  who  conducted  it  sev- 
l  eral  years.  In  1857  it  came  into  the  ijossession  of 
John  Miller  and  Jonas  B.  Nolt,  who  dissolved  part- 
I  nership  in  ISG'J,  Nolt  becoming  the  sole  proprietor. 
j  On  the  old  Eiselbcrger  jiroperty  a  mill  was  built, 
I  which  about  ISoS  came  into  the  possession  of  Samuel 
'  Hunsecker.  It  is  now  owned  by  Isaac  Hostetter. 
1  Taverns-.— The  earliest  tavern  licenses  granted  to 
I  Manheim  residents  of  which  there  is  any  record  were 
'  issued  in  1705  to  Cieiirge  Honey,  Samuel  Bare  (Ore- 
1  gon).  Christian  Smith,  and  Sebastian  Shober.  The 
Hrar's   and   Honey's  were  continued  and 


ne.Kt  yt 
additio: 


vere   granted   to    Henry   G 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Peter  Miisenlus,  Henry  Shank,  and  George  Bowman. 
In  1780  bnt  two  were  granted  for  taverns  in  this 
tiiunship,  viz.,  to  Peter  Sype  and  John  Jolmsoii. 

In  171)9  licenses  were  granted  to  Peter  Maurer, 
Valentine  Gable,  and  Jliclieal  ^\'■e^dler.  The  liouse 
which  JIaiirer  kept  was  the  "  Green  Tree,"  at  the 
jniKtion  of  the  Lititz  and  Ephrata  roads.  It  was 
kept  by  his  son  and  grandsons  until  hitely.  Valen- 
tine Gable's  tavern  was  a  biiek  house  on  the  Dun- 
kerstoxvii  (Ephrata)  road,  three  miles  from  Lancaster, 
about  where  Roseville  now  i-<.  He  was  a  brotlier-in- 
hiw  of  John  Miehael,  of  Lancaster  City.  Michael 
Wiidler  kept  the  tavern  at  Oregon,  formerly  kept  by 
Samuel  Jlyer. 

Schools. —<)tie  of  the  earliest  school-houses  was 
l)uilt  on  the  John  .'-^uiith  property  (now  David 
Shirk's),  near  the  site  nf  the  hamlet  of  Roseville, 
about  the  beginning  of  the  pre-ent  century.  Tliere 
was  a  log  liouse  al.^o  on  the  huul  now  owned  by 
Abram  S.  Lane. 

The  people  of  this  township  fought  the  school  law 
of  18.34  for  several  years,  and  were  finally  compelled 
to  acce|)t  its  jirovisions  under  the  general  law  of  1847. 
John  Millerand  Jacob  Kurt/,  were  foremost  in  aminor- 
ity  of  twelve  or  fourteen  voters  in  favor  of  adopting 
the  law,  against  about  two  hundred  who  vigorously 
and  obstinately  opi)osed  it.  The  State  approi)riution 
was  open  to  this  townshii)  lor  several  years,  b.ut  finally 
withdrawn.  After  the  law  had  been  adopted,  John 
stiller  was  one  of  the  mendjers  of  the  first  school 
board,  and  lie  continued  a  director  for  twenty  years. 
The  old  school-houses  were  iiseil  as  far  as  they  could 
be  made  available,  and  from  time  to  tiiue  new  ones 
were  built. 

At  the  time  the  law  was  passed  there  were  eight 
hundred  and  nine  persons  in  the  township  who  were 
liable  to  taxation  for  school  purposes.  The  township 
was  divided  into  eleven  districts,  and  contained  five 
hundred  and  forty  children  of  school  age.  In  186G 
there  were  thirteen  districts,  having  fourteen  teacliers, 
with  two  hundred  and  sixty-three  pupils  under  their 
cliarge.  In  1882  the  report  shows  that  there  were  four- 
teen districts,  fourteen  teachers,  and  six  liundred  and 
ten  pupils.  The  amount,  received  for  school  jjurposes 
was  :sG0!»4.70,  and  the  expenditures  were  $5938.47. 

Justices  of  the  Peace.— Following  is  a  list  of  jus- 
tices of  the  peace  from  18 10  to  the  present.  Those 
elected  in  the  district  of  which  Manheim  was  a  part, 
prior  to  1840,  will  be  found  in  the  countv  civil  list. 


He 


Oregon.— Tl 

Bear,  in  1717. 
Creek,  now  Lilil/  (' 
above  the'  fi r<i.  It  » 
as48Gr).  Bea;-.,  >nu 
place,  and  succeeding 
the  mill,  he  sold  it'' 


Trtur  HuilHecker,  Al>vil  1 
lluc.ry  ir.  Kililv!,  April  1 


H1IU.V  SliifiiicT,  Jliiy  8,  1K05 
H,.n,yll.Ku.,t/,.\|.,il,  isur,, 
Henry  Slii  finer,  April,  1870. 
A    r.  niiii-,  April,  1870. 
A.  C.  li.y.13,  April,  lt>71. 
0.  C.  llniisecker,  April,  ls75. 
A.  G.  Illyus,  1879. 
A.  0.  lllylw,  1880. 


was  fust  settled  by  Jacob 
the  first  mill  on  Carter's 
and  another  half  a  mile 
nown  as  Bear's  Mill  as  h,te 
ed  the  fii-st  tavern  in  the 
father  in  the  ownership  of 
'07  to  JIarlin  jNIyers,  who 
called  the  locality  "  Calflsh"  from  the  great  abun- 
dance of  those  fish  in  the  creek.  The  place  was 
noted  as  a  good  one  for  catfishing,  and  anglers  fre- 
quently came  out  from  Lancaster  to  enjoy  a  few  days' 
s|)ort,  stopping,  wdien  they  did  so,  with  Samuel  Bear, 
the  tavern-keeper.  This  Bear  was  a  Whig  in  the 
days  of  the  Rfvolutiou,  and  Myers  svinpathized  with 
the  English.  When  Maj.  Andiv  wa's  a  paroled  pri-i- 
oner  at  Lancaster  In-  came  out  to  single  for  catli^li, 
and  took  dinner  at  I'.ear's.  The  widow  of  the  tavern- 
keeper  lived  to  a  good  old  age,  and  was  fond  of  re- 
lating in  her  later  ihiy>,  reminiscences  of  Andre  as  he 
a])i)earcd  wdiile  she  was  waiting  upon  him  at  the  table. 
In  or  about  I.SIO,  Myers  sold  the  mill  to  Jacob 
Staman,  who  soon  afterwards  replaced  it  with  a  new 
one  which,  in  1824,  was  sold  by  the  sheriff  to  the 
Pennsylvania  Bank,  together  with  sixty  acres  of 
land,  for  $8000.  In  1821)  it  was  bought  by  Benjamin 
Landis  for  §9000,  and  he  .sold  it  in  1850  to  John  Hess 
for  813,000.  Abraham  Shenk  became  its  purchaser 
in  1864  for  the  sum  of  820,000,  and  after  improving 
it  and  building  a  new  house  worth  about  8;i000,  sold 
the  whole  property  in  1872  for  822,000.  Catfish  had 
been  improving,  as  the  increasing  value  of  this  mill 
would  indicate,  Imt  there  came  a  time  when  the  ad- 
vance in  mill  innpfity  did  not  keep  pace  with  that 
of  farms. 

Shenk  built  new  houses  in  the  vicinity  of  the  mill, 
and  put  up  a  large  steam  distillery,  wliic'h  was  carried 
on  for  about  ten  years,  but  is  now  entirely  abandoned. 
About  the  time  the  Oregon  question  was  before 
Congress  the  people  ot  Catfish  took  measures  to  se- 
cure the  establishment  of  a  post-office.  Henry  E, 
Leman,  of  Lancaster,  wdio  lived  near  by,  and  was 
carrying  on  his  rifie-factory,  proposed  the  name  (if 
Oregon,  which  was  adopted.  The  village  has  since 
increased  in  size,  and  is  a  thrifty,  pleasant  place. 
It  contains  about  thirty  houses,  some  of  which  are 
large,  three-story  structures  with  square  roofs,  and  has 
one  hotel,  a  dry-goods  store,  a  coach-maker's-  and 
wheelwright-.shop,  shoemaker-  and  blacksniith-sho[is, 
two  butcher-shops,  four  cigar  manufactories,  a  grist- 
mill, and  a  Union  Church,  in  which  the  Dunkers,  New 
Mennonites,  and  United  Brethren  all  have  meetings 
and  preaching.  The  house  was  built  in  part  through 
the  contributions  of  the  jieople  living  in  Oregon  and 
the  vicinity, 'and  five  hundred  dollars  were  given  for 
the  purpose  by  JMrs.  Anna  Bushong,  of  Reading,  whose 
maiden  name  was  Myers.  Her  parents,  grandparents, 
and  great-grandparents  were  buried  here  close  to  the 

in  the  county  outside  of  Lancaster. 


f 


MANHEIM    TOWNSHIP. 


983 


Samuel  Be:iiMva=  tlie  Hist  tavern-kei-per  before  and 
after  the  Itevohitioii.  John  Beai-  kept  it  110111  IS-JS 
to  18:!(;,  and  then  Abraliani  8henk  kept  it  toi-  iii:niy 
years.  Graybill  and  William  Bear  carried  it  on  lor 
quite  a  term  of  years,  and  Ivan  Dear  is  tlie  pre-'cnt 
landlord.  John  Bear  was  the  grandson  of  Samuel 
Bear,  and  William  was  the  great-great-grandson  of 
Samuel.  Five  generations  of  the  family  have  been 
hinillords  here  in  the  past  hundred  years. 

The  iieople  of  Oregon  anticipate  that  some  advan- 
tage will  accrue  to  the  town  some  time  in  the  future 
from  the  quarrying  of  marble,  u-hicli  is  said  to  un- 
derlie the  village.  Oregon  is  now  tlu'  teiiniiui^  of 
the  Eplirata  turnpike,  and  ha^  a  daily  mail  and  stage. 

Binkley's  Bridge.— This  iiamc,  muv  borne  by  a 
small  settlement  and  a  |Hi-,t-ollire  on  the  ( 'onestoga, 
in  the  eastern  part  ol'  .Manheim,  had  its  origin  in  the 
building  of  a  bridge  over  the  creek  at  that  locality  by 
Christian  Binkley.  This  was  said  to  be,  and  un- 
doubtedly was,  the  first  stone  bridge  in  the  county. 
It  was  built  i)rior  to  the  construction  of  Witmer's 
bridge,  which  was  in  1798,  and  as  nearly  as  can  be 
ascertained  in  17S9.  The  bridge  cost  about  seventeen 
thousand  dollars,  and  his  expenditures  having  strait 
ened  his  circumstances,  Binkley  sought  to  have  the 
Legislature  grant  him  the  privilege  of  making  it  a 
toll-bridge.  lii^  petition,  however,  was  refused,  and 
ho  afterwards  transteired  the  bridge  to  the  public  in 
consideration  of  one  thousand  pounds  "  in  gold  and 
silver  coin,  current  lawful  money  of  the  State  of 
Pennsylvania."  -This  was  raised  by  voluntary  sub- 
scription in  the  vicinity,  and  the  amount  was  in  all 
probability  afterwards  supplemented  by  an  appropri- 
ation by  the  county.  The  bridge  stood  as  originally 
erected  until  its  centre  span  was  undermined  and 
carried  away  by  a  freshet  April  1,  1857.  In  18C8  the 
entire  structure  was  torn  uway,  and  in  18G'J  the 
wooden  bridge  was  built,  which  was  destroyed  by  tiro 
Nov.  25,  1882.     It  has  not  yet  been  rebuilt. 

The  old  grist-mill  close  by  the  bridge  was  also 
built  by  Christian  Binkley  and  sold  by  him  to  a  Mr. 
Garver.  In  ISGIJ  this  mill  became  the  property  of 
the  Printers'  Paper-Mill  Company.  This  company 
was  ofganized  in  the  fall  of  1865  in  Lancaster  City, 
the  enterprise  originating  with  the  newspaper  pub- 
lishers, and  the  company  when  organizeil  consisted 
of  John  1.  Ilartnian  and  John  A.  Ileistand,  of  the 
Exaiiilnev  ;  li.  A.  and  C.  K.  Baer,  of  the  Vulk:</rtund  ; 
J.  II.  Pearsol  and  J.  M.  W.  Geist,  of  the  Express  ; 
John  M.  Cooper  and  William  A.  Morton,  of  the  In- 
tdlitjencer  ;  William  M.  Wiley,  John  11.  liitner,  0.  A. 
Bituer,  B.  F.  Baer,  and  George  Ehrhart.  The  last 
named  wa^  elected  superintendent,  and  C.  R.  Baer 
treasurer.  The  work  of  erecting  new  buildings  was 
begun  in  Aj.ril,  ISlii;,  aii<l  lliey  were  eomplotod,  the 
machinery  in  place,  and  the  mill  in  operation  in  Sep- 
tember following.  In  Xoveml.er,  181)7,  Mr.  Cooper 
withdrew,  disi)Osing'of  his  interest  to  the  Messrs. 
Bitner,  and  in  April,  1868,  Mr.  Ehrhart  retired,  dis- 


posing of  his  interest  to  the  company.  He  was  suc- 
ceeded as  superintendent  by  Adam  II.  Lindsey,  of 
Greenville,  Conn.,  a  practical  paper-mill  man  of 
largfe  experience.  The  machinery  was  purchased  in 
Worcest|;r,  Mass.,  and  was  of  the  most  approved  kind, 
consisting  of  three  large  rag-engines,  one  seventy- 
two-inch  Fourdrinier  machine,  and  a  four-roll  stack 
of  calenders  for  making  super-calendered  book-pajier. 
The  mill  was  started  for  the  purpose  of  making  what 
are  known  as  book  and  news  print  papers  of  machine 
and  super-calenilered  liiiish.  A  large  and  successful 
business  was  carried  on  until  it  was  burned  Nov.  2.5, 
isy::;. 

The  tavern  at  this  place  was  built  considerably 
later  than  the  bridge.  About  1820  it  was  kept  by 
Jlichael  Brubaker,  and  then  successively  by  Benja- 
min Martin,  John  Beck,  aii.I  many  others.  It  is  now 
conducted  by  Kihly  Voiindt. 

A  post-oliice  was  kept  at  the  tavern  many  years, 
and  last  at  that  place  by  John  Beck  aljout  1874.  Eli 
Althouse  was  apiiointed,  succeeding  Beck,  and  is  the. 
present  postmaster.  The  oftiee  is  now  between  Bink- 
ley's Bridge  and  Eden. 

Neffsville.-John  Nelf  came  from  East  Ilempiield 


aboi 


1806, 


pur 


d  the  farm  on  which,  about 
t  laid  out  the  village  now  known  as 
oiiaid  Fiddler  built  the  Nellsville 
I  lor  a  sign  a  green  tree.  The  hamlet, 
ifter  it  was  settled,  went  by  the  name 
1."  The  brick  house  now  owned 
kept  many  years  as  a  tavern  by 


a  year  later, 
Netlsville. 
House,  and 
for  some  yea 
of  "  Fiddler's  Gr 
by  ]\Irs.  Graver  w 
Shugart.  The  Pennsylvania  House  was  occu- 
pied about  1815  by  a  Mr.  Slater  as  a  residence,  and 
in  it  he  kept  the  first  store  in  the  village,  and  the 
post-oftiee  when  it  was  established.  John  B.  Vechter 
also  was  postmaster  for  several  years  prior  to  his 
death  in  1833,  after  which  his  widow,  who  still  con- 
tinues post-mistre.ss,  received  the  ajjpointment. 

A  small  brick-  school-house  on  the  site  of  the 
present  one  soon  after  the  village  was  settled  being 
found  too  small,  in  1S75  the  pie-eiit  briek  liou^e  was 
erected. 

In  1880  about  thirty  persons  of  the  Lutheran  de- 
nomination organized  a  church  at  this  place,  and 
erected  a  meeting-house  about  thirty-ttve  by  fifty 
feet  in  dimensions,  at  a  cost  of  fifteen  hundred  dol- 
lars. It  was  de.lieated  in  the  fall  of  the  year.  The 
ljul|iit  is  sui)plieil  by' the  liev.  J.  Peters,  of  Manheim 
borough,  and  the  Kev.  J.  Eckert,  of  Lancaster. 

About  a  mile  north  of  Neffsville  the  Schissler 
Methodist  meeting-house  was  erected  about  twenty 

euit  |)reaeheis.  It  ha-,  a  iiiembeisliip  of  only  twelve 
].ersons.' 

The  Nellsville  Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Company 
was  organized  in  l.SSii,  with  Samuel  Martin  as  presi- 
dent, and  A.  C.  Illyiis  .eeretary,  and  it  is  n.iw  in  a 
thriving  condition. 

The  village  contains   two   hotels,  a  school-house, 


984 


HISTORY  OP    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


church,  post-office,  brick-yiird,  harness-shop,  wagon- 
shop,  shoe-shop,  a  store,  atid  about  fifty  ilwellings. 

Eden.— The  land  on  wliicli  lliis  hamlet  is  located 
was  uwned  in  1845  by  John  Rohrer,  David  irnikley, 
.Tolni  .Staiiffer,  and  David  Ilerr.  In  1S4S,  John 
Rolircr  gave  land  for  sciiool  i)urposcs.  A  schodl- 
honse  was  erected,  which  was  also  used  for  a  rnion 
(,'hurcli.  (In  late  years  it  was  jiurchased  and  devntcd 
exclusively  to  religious  purposes.)  In  1850,  Samuel 
P.echer  built  a  tavern  where  the  present  one  stands, 
o|)posite  the  little  church,  and  in  the  same  year 
David  Herr  built  a  house  upon  anotlier  corner  of  the 
cross-roads,  a  portion  of  which  he  used  as  a  store  for 
a  short  time.  Samuel  Francis  has  sold  goods  in  the 
same  building  for  several  years.  The  hotel  has  been 
keiit  successively  by  F.  Weidler,  Martin  Schafier, 
■William  Ray,  Jolin  Reach,  and  others,  and  is  now 
kept  by  Jfdin  Bender. 

Kden  Nursery,  near  the  villa;_'e,  was  established  in 
1S77  by  Vma  W.  Weaver,  who  now  has  live  acres 
under  cultivation. 

Landis  Valley.— This  little  settlement  is  on  the 
Lancaster  and  Ephrata  turnpike,  about  four  miles 
from  the  former  place.  It  contains  a  hotel,  post-office, 
wagon-  and  blacksmith-shops,  and  cigar  manufactory. 
In  18.55,  Jacob  Landis  liuilt  the  hotel  and  kept  it 
until  his  death,  when  the  property  was  purchased  by 
Isaac  Landis.  A  post-office  was  established  here  in 
1872,  taking  the  ))lace  of  the  one  which  formerly  ex- 
isted at  Roseville.  H.  L.  lilackbill  was  the  first  post- 
master, lie  was  succeeded  by  L.  11.  Longnecker, 
wlio  is  the  present  incumbent.  He  also  kept  the 
hotel.  The  Landis  Valley  ]\Iennonite  meeting-liouse 
is  a  short  distance  from  this  village.' 

Roseville.— At  this  place  many  years  ago  John 
Michael,  .Sr.,  the  projirietor  for  a  long  period  of  the 
tirapu  Hotel,  in  Lanca-^ter,  was  born  and  grew  to 
manhood  and  kept  a  tavern.  In  183G,  Peter  Frank- 
fort, kept  it,  .md  at  that  time  there  was  but  one  house 
on  the  site  of  the  village  besides  the  old  tavern. 
Later  a  few  houses  were  built  up  around  the  two,  and 
the  peojde  occupying  them  growing  many  roses  in 
their  gardens,  the  present  name  was  apiiropriately 
adopted  when  the  cluster  of  dwellings  had  attained 
sulficient  size  to  entitle  it  to  one.  It  was  first  sug- 
gested by  a  traveler.  For  a  short  time  there  was  a 
post-office  here,  but  in  1872  it  was  removed  to  Landis 
Valley.  Roseville  contains  a  hotel,  kept  by  C.  li. 
(irube,  a  school-house,  blaeksmitli-shop,  and  about  a 
dozen  dwellings. 

Dillersville  is  a  small  settlement  a  short  distance 
noithwest  from  Lancaster,  between  the  Harrisburg 
an.l  Manheim  turnpikes.     At  this  place  is  the  junc- 


BKXiRAPHlC  AL     SKETCHES. 


bject  of  this 


Fruitville 


rt  of 


JOHN  Mlbl.lOll. 
David  filler,  the  grandfather  of  the 
biographical  sketch,  was  of  Swiss  descent,  and  a  resi- 
dent of  East  Hemplield  t.iwii-liip,  in  LancasterCounty. 
He  married  Elizabeth  Miller,  and  had  sons,  Andrew, 
Christian,  and  John,  and  daughters,  Mrs.  Souder, 
Mrs.  Kneisley,  Mrs.  Rathvon,  Mrs.  Reters,  and  Mrs. 
Kauffnian.  Mr.  Jliller  died  in  his  eighty-fourth 
year,  on  the  ^Miller  homestead,  at  Oregon,  Lancaster 
Co.  Their  son  Andrew  was  born  Nov.  30,  1765,  in 
Lancaster  County,  where,  after  enjoying  the  advan- 
tages of  education  common  to  the  youth  of  that  pe- 
riod, he  became  a  farmer.  He  married  IMiss  Eva 
Kauffman,  whose  birth  occurred  Feb.  9,  1778,  and 
had  children,— John,  Elizabeth  (Mrs.  Frantz),  and 
Susanna,  who  died  in  infancy.  Mr.  .Miller,  th.nigh 
participating  in  public  alfairs,  and  maiiifestiiig  an  in- 
terest in  the  development  of  his  township,  continued 
to  follow  agricultural  employments  until  his  death, 
on  the  7th  of  May,  1832,  while  liis  wife  survived  until 
April  5,  1845.  Their  son  John  was  born  Jan.  16, 
1797,  in  East  Hempfield  township,  and  became  at  an 
early  age  an  inmate  of  the  home  of  his  maternal  grand- 
father. He  was  during  his  youth  a  pupil  at  the  neigh- 
boring school,  and  in  1806,  wdien  nine  years  of  age,  re- 
moved with  his  parents  to  Manheim  township.  He 
soon  became  familiar  with  the  labor  of  a  farm,  and 
wdien  not  thus  engaged  assisted  in  conducting  a  dis- 
tillery owned  by  his  father.  On  the'death  of  the  lat- 
ter he  inherited  the  estate,  and  continued  to  cultivate 
the  paternal  lands.  In  1847  he  abandoned  farming, 
and  was  occupied  principally  in  managing  his  pri- 
vate business  interests  and  responding  to  the  de- 
mands made  upon  him  in  the  settleme'nt  of  estates 
and  as  guardian  and  the  custodian  of  important 
trusts.  In  1857  he  purchased  the  mill  property  ad- 
jacent to  his  home,  and  conducted  it  for  a  period  of 
twelve  years,  in  connection  with  his  .son-in-law,  J.  15. 
Nolt. 

.Mr.  Miller  was  married  ill  1S22  to  Miss  Charlotte, 
daughter  of  John  AVeidlcr,  of  Manheim  township, 
who  died  aged  ninety-two  years.  Their  children  are 
Martin,  JIary  Ann  (Mrs.  Jonas  B.  Xolt),  Andrew, 
Susan  (deceased),  an.l  Lavinia  (Mr.s.  Aaron  H. 
Summy). 

Mr.  Miller  was  in  politics  loruierly  a  Whig  and 
Anti-Mas(m,  and  later  became  a  Republican.  He 
still  claims  fealty  to  the  latter  party,  though  fre- 
ipiently  independent  in  his  vote.  He  was  in  1839 
elected  county  commissioner,  and  served  for  a  jieriod 
of  three  years.  He  was  for  twenty-one  years  a  school 
director  of  the  township,  and  has  held  other  minor 
olfices.  He  is  a  cordial  mi|. porter  of  all  religious  de- 
nominations, though  reared  liv  his  parents  in  the 
I  .Mennonite  faith. 

The  .leath  of  Mrs,   Miller  o.-eurred    in   February, 


Jfru^^^JCee^^^^^ 


'/Lz^nnij  ^n/rx 


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.lACiMi     MINNUll. 


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c  (rt      'Tlh  b-tn^ij^  ^ 


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MANIIKIM    TOWNSHIP 


985 


JACOB    MIXXICll. 

Jacob  Miiinirh,  an  old"  an. 1  resiiei-ted  citizen  of 
Manheini  lownshiii,  Lancu^trr  Ou.,  I'a.,  died  at 
Nellsvillc,  A|)ril  1(1,  isy.l,  a-fd  bevcnry-scveii  years. 
One  bi-utlicr,  Sijnon,  died  at  the  -anie  age,  and 
another  brotlier,  Joliii,  died  Marcli  ;J1,  1882,  at  the 
a}re  of  eif,'lity-two.  His  wife,  Anna,  a  daughter  of 
Zachariah  Miller,  was  born  Feb.  8,  1802,  and  died 
Sept.  1(5,  1882.  Their  ehildren  are  Catherine,  born 
Dec.  21,  1824,  wa.s  married  in  1843  to  George  Ham- 
bright,  a  harness-maker,  wlio  removed  from  Lancas- 
ter and  settled  in  Netl'sville  in  183ii,  where  he  carries 
on  his  business;  Anna  Elizabeth,  born  Nov.  5,  182li, 
wife  of  Henry  Swope,  of  Meclianicsbtirg;  Zachariah, 
born  Dec.  3,  1828,  a  farmer  and  cattle  dealer,  of  Man- 
heim  township;  :Maria,  born  .March  22,  1832,  died 
young;  and  Jacob,  borji  April  11,  1839,  died  at  the 
age  of  thirty-si.K  years. 

Jacol)  Jlinnich  was  born  near  Laiidisville,  and 
was  a  son  of  Jacob  and  Barbara  Slinnich,  farmers 
and  distillers  of  that  place,     lie  was  a  young  man  of 


director  of  t 

of  tile    Lutl 

Elizabeth  (1 

liim   cliildron,    who 

Catherine,  died  in  18: 


jr  of  the  township,  and  a  member 
Church  «(  Lancaster.  His  wife, 
<-Ci],  daughter  of  Henry  tiliitz,  bore 
o  grew  to  maturity,  as  follows: 
thewifeof  MichaelT^ane 


I  lid 


learned  the 


black-Mijitli's  trade.  Soon  alter  his  marriage,  in  1823, 
he  removed  to  Xetfsville,  wdiere  he  carried  on  bhick- 
smitliiiig  for  a  number  of  years,  and  bouglit  the  old 
hotel  known  as  the  "  Fiddler's  Green,"  of  wliich  he 
was  the  hospitable  landlord  until  1854,  when  he  built 
a  brick  resilience,  now  the  home  of  his  daughter  Mrs. 


.Mr.    .Minnich    \v:vs    olhcially    connected    with    his 
township,  and  for  some  time  postmaster  at  NeifsviUe. 
He  was   higlily  respected  as  a  citizen,  was  a  man  of  | 
strict  integrity  in  his  business  relations,  and  judicious 
in  tlie  management  of  his  atfairs.     George  and  Cath-  ; 
arine  Hambright's  surviving  children  are  Michael  N.,  j 
Albert  A.,  Annice  C,  Alice  «.,  Laura  H.,  Howard  J.,  I 


(formerly  "  Lehn");  iCichael,  died  in  1827  ;  Martin, 
dieil  in  1820;  and  Henry,  the  only  surviving  child, 
subject  of  this  sketch.  He  was  born  on  the  home- 
stead April  b,  18u4,  obtained  a  good  education  in  the 
schools  of  his  native  place,  and  for  five  winters  fol- 
lowing the  age  of  nineteen  was  a  successful  school- 
teacher. In  1827  he  married  Mary  (1807-73),  daugh- 
ter of  George  and  Elizabeth  (Swope)  Bard,  of  Ut)per 
Leacock  township.  Their  ehildren  are  Adam,  of 
Lancaster;  Elizabeth,  wife  of  A.  W.  Shober,  of  Lititz ; 
Henry  B.,  a  farmer  ou  the  old  homestead  ;  and  Israel 
B.,  of  Naperville,  111.  .Air.  Shreiner  succeeded  to  one 
hunilred  and  si.\  acres  of  the  homestead  property,  and 
there  carried  on  fanning  from  1827  to  1859.  In  1SG3 
he  removed  to  his  present  residence  on  the  Lititz  tiirn- 
l)ike,  about  three  and  three-quarters  miles  from  Lan- 
caster. From  1821  to  1882  he  served  as  surveyor,  and 
his  correct  knowledge  of  mathematics  has  made  his 
name  familiar  for  his  preciseness  and  care  in  estab- 
lishing the  boundary  lines  of  farms  and  lots  in  the 
vicinity.  On  July  30,  1832,  he  was  appointed  by 
Governor  George  Wolf  a  justice  of  the  peace,  and 
held  the  office  by  reappointment  until  1S50,  and  by 
election  and  re-election  until  1875,  a  period  of  forty- 
three  years,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Christian  L. 
Hunsecker.  During  this  long  period  of  public  ser- 
vice his  judgment  of  right  between  parties  was  pub- 
licly acknowledged  by  his  continuance  in  office,  and 
very  seldom  were  his  decisions  appealed  from  to  the 
higher  courts. 


la  M.,  J 
Ida  M. 


b  M. 


JACOB    ESBEX3IIADE. 


W 


Jac 


184.1 


IIlCNltY  SlIREtNEH. 
Adam  Shreiner,  the  progenitor  of  the  firmily,  came 
from  Germany  about  1730  and  settled  in  Manheim 
township,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  the  liomestead  being 
still  in  pos>esM,,ii  of  his  descendants.  His  ehiMivn 
were  .Michael,  .Mailin,  Philip,  and  Valentine,  Philip 
succeeded  to  the  li.une-tead  jiroperty,  and  die.l  in 
1791.  Philip's  wife.  Eve  Catherine,"  bore  him  the 
following  ehildren:  Michael  (1749-1827  1;  Martin 
(1709-18(36),  was  a  clock-maker  in  Lancaster;  Pliilip 
Adam,  a  farmer  in  York  Ccmnty  ; 
of  Henry  Zelimcr,  of  Lancaster; 
Frederick  Holfman,  of  Manor  town 
rine,  wife  of  Nicholas  Hess,  of  Lam 
these  ehildren,  Michael  succeeiled 
|iroperty,    owned   some    two    hi'ind 

supervisor  of  .Manheim  township  1( 


n-liad«'s  father,  Peter  l'2-.benshade  (17(19- 
ive  (if  Germany,  settled  in  Strasburg 
township  (now  Paradise),  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.  He 
was  then  a  young  man,  without  money,  but  posse.ssed 
industrious  and  correct  habits,  self  reliance,  and  a 
re.soluticm  to  do  something  for  liiinself.  By  economy 
and  judicious  management  he  became  the  possessor 
of  a  farm  of  si.\ty-six  acres  and  considerable  means 
l»e>i.le^.  He  instilled  into  the  minds  of  his  children 
].nietieal  ideas,  and  gave  thein  a  practical  education 
in  business  matters  pertaining  to  the  farm  instead  of 
attempting  to  give  them  what  he  was  unable  to, — a 
tlnn-ough  education  in  mathematics,  English,  and  clas- 


Anna  .M. 
.Margaret 

wi 

ship  ;   an 

1  C. 

caster  Cot 

mty 

to  the  h 

jme; 

.■s-flll 
er  117 


that  his  sons 
His  wife,  Jlrs. 
iirhter  of  J..hn 


9SG 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Philadelphia  (appointed  by  the  Governor),  is  a  resi- 
dent of  Ilarrisburg  in  1883,  and  is  seventv-six  vears 
of  age;  ,l..-e|,li,  a  farnu-r  in  Ea^t  LainiieUi  tuwnshii., 
Lancaster  Cu. 


ieli 


lU 


settled  on  a  lam,  „[,„„■  hnndre.l  and  tweii 
Manheini  t.iwi.-.hi|.,  near  Uinkley'-  luid-.' 
iather  i.urelia^e.l,  and  uliieli  lie  farmed 
until  1S12,  when  he  became  tlie  m.Iu  ,, 
added  to  tlii-  nntil  lie  became  the  owner  nt  s.nne  six 
hundred  acres  of  valuable  farm  huel  in  the  -anie  1 
township,  a  jiart  of  which  he  has  already  divided 
among  his  children.  He  built  his  ])resent  residence,  a 
short  distance  olfthe  Eplirata  pike  from  Lancaster,  in  I 
1S71.  Mr.  E-lien~hadesi)ent  his  time  from  boyhood  to 
nearly  lour.-inre  years  of  age  in  agricultural  pursuits,  l 
and  has  accuninhitcd  a  large  eonipeteney  outride  his  I 
real  estate.  I'mhahly  no  inan  in  Lancaster  County  1 
has  aina,-.ed  a  greater  fortune  than  lie  by  the  [.rollts  of 
farming  and  labor,  ami  hi.  example  of' indu-liy,  fru- 
gality, an.l  self-reliance  is  worthy  of  imitation  l,y  the 
laboring  man  of  tlie  present  generation.  He  has  Idt 
all  otlier  business  aside,  and  never  even  sought  the 
olHcial  place  so  much  desired  by  many  in  township 
matters  ;  yet  he  has  remained  true  to  the  princijdes 
of  the  American  government,  and  cast  his  vote  on  the 
side  of  wdiat  he  has  conceived  to  be  justice  and  right. 
He  married,  in  lS3:i,  Maria,  daughter  of  David  Bink- 
ley,  and  granddaughter  of  Christian  Binkley,  after 
whoui  Biid^ley's  bridge  got  its  name.  She  died  in 
March,  1S70,  aged  sixty-seven  years,  leaving  children, 
— Elizabeth  (wife  of  Levi  Gro.ss),  Ciiristian,  Barbara 
(wife  of  Abraham  Rolirer),  Jacob,  Maria,  Henry, 
Peter,  Isaac,  Amanda  (wife  of  Jacob  Undjle),  and 
Anna  (wife  of  Henry  Haverstick). 

lie  married  his  present  wife,  Elizabeth,  widow  of 
Jacob  I^andis,  and  a  sister  of  his  first  wife,  in  June, 
1881. 


Jacob,  grandfather  of  Henry  Haverstick,  died 
about  lS;!;\aged  seventy-Hvo,  in  Cones'oga  township, 
whcie  hr  ha.l  resided.  His  wife,  Mary  Keagy,  a 
native  (d'Miiilic  to\vnshi|i,  died  at  the  age  of  sixty. 
riioy  were  imiiilH-is  ol  the  (ierinan  Reformed  Cluircli 
;,t  Laiicaslcr.'  'IMieir  cliildien  wcr,'  .M.rani,  Jacob, 
.b.lm,  David,  and  tliive  daiiglit.Ts,  all  of  whom  settled 
in  Lancaster  Cmnty  except  one  <laiigliter,  (Jatlierine 
(Mrs.  Barr).  Of  these,  Jcdin,  fatlier  of  Henry  Haver- 
stick, born  in  Conestogn  townshi]),  Nov.  5,  179(5,  was 
a  farmer  in  Lancaster  township  most  of  his  active 
business  life.  He  held  the  offices  of  assessor  and  col- 
lector, and  was  otiierwise  publicly  identified  with 
local  matters.  His  homestead  was  near  Wabank,  on 
the  Conestoga  River. 

His  wife,  Magdalene,  dauijliter  .d'  Henry  Nell",  of 
IManor  township,  born  (Jet.  -|,  17;i',t,  Immv  linn  eliild- 
rcn-Hcnry,  subject  ol'  this  sketch  ;  .lacob,  a  farmer 
in  Lancaster  towMsl,i|.;  Levi,  of  .\Li,ior  township; 
Elizaln^th;    .lolin,  .in  the  old    lio.uestcad  in   Lancaster 


.\b 


.Ma 


IL 


HENRY    n.WKK.STICK. 

Henry  Haverstick  was  born  in  Conestoga  township 
(now    Pe.piea),    Lancaster   Co.,    Pa.,   Jan.    IS,    L'^LS. 
In  January,  1840,  lie  married    Elizabeth,  dauglitcrcd' 
John  and  Elizabeth  Baii^in.in,  ol'  Lancaster  township, 
in   the  same  county,     •'^hc  was  born  March  11,  1817. 
Her  father  was  a  native  of  Laubcisheim,  Germany, who 
settled  in  Lancaster  township  in  1802,  on  the  Andreas 
Bausnian  property  (his  uncle's,  who  came  from  Ger-  ' 
many  in   17(30),  where  he  reared  his  cliildren.     Her  [ 
mother  was  the  sister  of  Hon.  Abraham  Peters,  first  i 
inesident  of  the  State  Normal  School  at  Millcrsville. 

His  great-grandfather,  Micliael  Haverstick,  came  j 
from  Germany,  ami  settled  on  a  large  tract  of  land  I 
between  Wabank  and  iMnville,  on  the  Cimestoga 
Creek,  in  Lanea-k-r  Coiinlv.  He  had  f.nr  son-. 
William  was  a  silvcismilli  in  Laiica-tcr;  l;iidol|.l,, 
iMichael,  and  Jacob  fnmers  (m  the  homestead. 
Michael  Haverstick  also  had  a  mill  on  the  Conesloi;a, 
now  Musselman's  mill,  in  I'eouea  township. 


of  the  church  id' Ids  parents,  hut  subscipiontly  united 
with  the  Mennonite  Church,  with  which  his  wife  was 
connected.  Both  were  living  in  1883  in  Maidieim 
township.  Henry  Haverstick  had  the  ordinary  ad- 
vantages of  the  coiiiiiion  school  iluring  his  boyhood 
for  obtaining  an  education.  He  had  little  assistance 
pecuniarily  in  starting  out  in  life,  .\fter  his  marriage 
he  settled  on  the  Car|ienter  firm,  in  West  Earl  town- 
ship, owned  by  ills  father.  Here  he  remained  until 
184G,  when  he  purchased  one  hundred  ami  thirty-four 
acres  of  land  in  Manheim  township,  to  which  he  has 
since  added  ten  acres.  He  built  a  brick  residence 
on  his  larm  in  1852,  and  successfully  carried  on 
farming  until  1876.  He  retired  from  farming  in  that 
year.  IIo  built  his  present  brick  residence  adjoining 
his  farm  property  in  1875,  purchasing  a  small  plot  of 
ground  from  Jacob  Esbenshade  for  that  puri)0se  iu 
1874.  Ur.  Haverstick  was  school  director  for  sis 
years  following  iMd,  and  was  one  of  the  organizers 
of  the  Nelfsville  Lire  1,,-urance  ("ompaiiy.  id'  Man- 
heim townsliip,  iu  187S,  of  which  he  has  been  a 
director  and  the  treasurer  since. 

His  ciiildren  ar 
of  Lancaster  tow 
J.  Breneman,  of  I 
of  Tobias  D.  Ma 
B.,  wife  of  John 
Mary  B.,  Henry  I 
stick.     The  two  si 


Martha  B.,  wife  of  Jacob  E.  Rank, 
iship;  Elizabeth  B.,  wife  of  John 
apho  township  ;  Catherine  B.,  wife 
till,  of  W^arwick  townshii) ;  Anna 
l;.  (bicker,  of  Warwick  township; 
.Amelia  l;.,and  Abram  L.  Haver- 
ns  carrv  on  the  homestead  farm. 


K.   .McliOVKIlX. 
contractor,  wash, 
lie   I'nrt,  Ireland 


% 


^^^    j^^  P%j^ 


^> 


#^^^^v    ^/ia^i^e^^j/^^ 


MOUNT   JOY  TOWNSHIP. 


987 


niul  without  pecuniary  assislaiioe  in  starting'  out 
ill  lil'e  became  widely  known  in  tlie  coinniiinity 
anil  tliroughout  tin.'  State  a.^  a  succussful  ciuitractor. 
His  first  connection  witli  niiho:„Muiil,liML'  was  in 
IS-lf,,  wlicn  the  late  Kicluu-a  .ArcUranM  liad  tlie  con- 
tract for  constructing  tlie  Xew  York  and  Lake  Erie 
Railroad.  For  a  iiortion  of  this  work  Mr.  McGovern, 
associated  with  tlie  late  Andrew  Reilly,  secured  a  sub- 
contract, which  he  successfully  fulfilled.  He  next 
superintended  the  construction  of  a  tunnel  at  Co- 
lumbia, and  subsequently,  in  connection  with  the 
late  Bernard  McGrann  and  the  late  John  Pveilly, 
contracted  for  and  c<jnipleted  a  porti(Ui  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania Central  Railroad  from  Altoona  to  Pitts- 
burgh. He  was  ne.xt  associated  with  Hugh  ISarr, 
of  Philadelphia,  in  building  a  portion  of  the  Leba- 
non Valley  Railroad,  which  was  quite  an  extensive 
work,  taking  three  years  ibr  its  completion.  He  was 
also  interested  in  the  construction  of  the  East  Penn 
Railroail  from  Allentown  to  Reading.     His  next  ven- 


erine  .1.,  daughter  of  Tlioiuas  and  ^rary  (Dully) 
^reGovern,  b.,th  of  wlion)  were  born  in  County 
Cavan,  Ireland,  and  coming  to  America  while  young, 
settled  in  Lancaster,  wdiere  the  former  died,  Jan._  5, 
1S82,  aged  seventy-five  years.  The  latter,  born  in 
ISOy,  survives  in  1883.  Their  children  are  Mary 
Elizabeth,  Richard  P.,  Catherine  Josephine,  Anna 
Maria,   John   Thomas,   Teresa,    and    Gertrude    JIc- 


C  H  A  P  T  E 


MOU> 


10 V  rem: 


tare  was  a  -treet  contra. -t  ot  e.m- 
in  the  city  of  Wihiiin-tnu,  Pel. 
with  Maj!  William  M.  Wiley  ii 
Northern  road  in  Dauphin  Coi 
portion  of  the  Reading  and  Coin 
Reading  to  Silver  Siirings.  sub> 


lie 


nty,  and  built  that 
ubia  Railroad  from 


Michael   Reilly  he  buill    that   p.jrtion  of  the  road  ex- 
tending  from   Lancaster  to   iLmheim,  and   he  built 
the   Sunbury  and    Lewistown    Railroad,    extending 
from  Lewistown  to  Selinsgrove,  a  distance  of  forty- 
four  miles,  in  connection  with   Michael    Reilly  and 
another  gentleman.     His  last  work  in  railroad  con- 
struction was  on   the  Union   Central,  in  Schuylkill 
County,  about  1870.     Prior  to  his  marriage  he  pur-  ' 
chased  some  fifty  acres  of  land  adjacent  to  the  city,  ; 
in  Manheim  township,  wdiere  occupying  a  command-  [' 
ing  ground,  sloping  oft'  to  the  Lititz  turnpike,  was  his 
residence,  which  he  made  a  very  desirable  homestead, 
and  wliere  he  spent  the  Last  few  years  of  his  life,  de-  j 
voting  himself  excluMvelv  to  the  cultivation  of  his  j 
farm.  j 

Mr.   McGovern  was   a   consistent   member  of  St.  | 
Mary's  congregation,  and  a  feature  of  his  benevolent 
disposition  was  manifested   in  his  frequent  and  lib- 
eral contributions  to  the  church  and  to  all  works  of 
charity.     Whilst  not  obtrusive  in  the  expression  of 
his  political  views,  his  stanch  adherence  to  the  jirin- 
ci|)les  of  the  Democratic  party  was  a  striking  point 
in  his  character.     Mr.  McGovern's  life  was  a  busy 
and  u.seful  one,  and  one,  too,  that  was  crowned  with 
well-deserved  and  substantial  success;  yet  amid  all 
his  cares  his  love  of  home  was  prominently  exem-  i 
plified  in  his  every-day  life,  and  his  peculiarly  genial  | 
disposition   manifested  itself  in  the  real  pleasure  he 
ilerived  in  constantly  entertaining  his  friends  at  his 
]deasant   home.     Integrity  in   his  Cusiness  relations  j 

composition.     He  married,  in  November,  ISOl,  (Jath- 


The  Indians— Legend  of  a  Battle  in  the  Vicinity 

of  the  Cove.'-Wlieii  the  liist  settlers  located  in 
iMount  Joy  township  there  were  still  a  few  Indians  in 
the  neighborhood,  which  is  known  to  have  been  a 
favorite  one  with  them  for  many  generations  prior  to 
the  advent  of  the  pale-face.  The  region  bi^tween  the 
liig  and  Little  Cliikis,  in  Raplio  township,  and  the 
adjoining  lands  in  Jlount  Joy  lying  contiguous  to  the 
creek  and  surrounding  the  curious  cave,  or  cove,  as  it 
is  more  commonly  called,  known  to  the  Indians  as 
the  Osres,  or  Stone  Wigwam  (situated  west  of  Little 
Cliikis,  near  the  old  Ileistand  mill,  now  owned  by 
the  borough  of  Jlount  Joy),  was,  according  to  wdiat 
seems  authentic  tradition,  the  subject  of  fierce  con- 
tention and  the  scene  of  a  bloody  battle  between  two 
tribes.  Mr.  A.  Bender,  formerly  of  Mount  Joy  bor- 
ough, in  a  letter  dated  December,  1859,  gives  an  ac- 
count of  this  sanguinary  contest  as  he  received  it 
from  a  Western  Indian.  "  In  the  year  1854,"  he  says, 
"  I  took  up  my  abode  in  a  small  village  on  the  head- 
waters of  Rock  River,  in  Wisconsin,  -inhabited  by 
Canadians,  French',  and  half-breeds,  and  the  rem- 
nants of  six  or  seven  tribes  or  bands  of  Indians  who 
speak  ditferent  dialect^.  Among  these  was  a  very  old 
lirophet  living  (but  now  dead)  who  could  speak  some 
English.  This  prophet  was  informed  that  I  was  from 
the  '  land  of  Penn,'  from  towards  the  rising  sun,  and 
sent  me  a  cordial  invitation  to  come  to  his  wigwam 
on  a  certain  day  ;  that  he  wanted  to  hold  a  talk  with 
me.  (.)n  the  appointed  day  I  went  to  see  him,  and 
the  following  relating  to  your  jjlace  is  the  sum  and 
substance  of  what  I  gatliered  from  his  broken  English. 
'•  The  old  nuui  said  his  ancestiu's  and  predecessors 
in  office  came  from  that  laud,  that  they  had  lived 
on  the  river  called  Susquehanna,  and  that  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Arroquas  (which,  according  to  his 
map,  is  the  Swatara  Creek),  where  it  empties  into 
tlie  Sus([uehanna,  there  lived  a  numerous  band  or 
tribe  of  Indians,  known  as  the  .Vrroquas  tribe  (prob- 
ably   the    Iroquois),  and  tlnit  a  day's  journey  in  a 


1  rjliilun^c-.l  frol] 
Illy  4,  18110. 


by  I)r 


h«  .Muunt  J.,y  Lye 


1)88 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTI<]K   COUNTY. 


iiestoga), 
Ills  tribe 


ruk 


moutli   of  the  Canailaga  (no  doubt  the  t 
at  which  place  there  lived  anotliL-r  nuiii 
c:i11l'(1   the  Canadagas   (probably   Cuiiiioii 
Coiiestoga  Indians);   that  the  dividiiiL'  lii 
hunting-    and    fishing-grounds    was    Iho    i 
empties  into  the  river  at  the   '  liig  Osres 
ill  their  language  the  Big  Rock,  and  now  known  as 
C'hikis  Rock.     After  pausing  and  consulting  his  old 
parchment  and  liieroglyi)hic  chart,  by  which   it  ap- 
peared  to    me  lie  could   trace  out  every   rnek   :iiid 
brook  along  the  course  of  the  river  in  Dauphin  ami 
Lancaster  Counties,  he  then  went  on  tu  ^ay  that  up 
this  creek  a  short  distance  it  divided  into  two  branches,  ] 
meaning,  no  doubt.  Little  and  Big  Cliikis  (Greeks,  and  , 
that  the  land  or  territory  lying  in  this  fork,  or  between  | 
these  creeks  or  streams,  was  once  the  cause  of  war 
and  much  bloodshed  between  these  two  tribes,  owing 
to  a  Mii-iunderstanding  respecting  the  |iniper  bounda- 
ries.     The  Arroquas   claimed    east,    or   towards  the 
rising  sun,  as  far  as  the  east  stream  (your  liig  tjhikis). 
The  Canadagas  claimed  west,  or  towards  the  setting 
sun,  all    the   territory  bounded   by   west   stream    or  , 
branch   (your  Little  Cliikis  Creek).     Their   conten- 
tions and  strifes  aboutthis  disputed  ground  continued 
long,   but  was    finally  decided  by   a   pitcheil   batlle,  ■ 
fought  near  the  junction  of  the  two  creeks.     The  two 
chiefs  or  head  warriors  of  the  above-named   tribes 
each  furnislied  as  many  braves  and  warriors  as  there 
were  days  in  twelve  moons.    These  armies,  some  seven 
hundred  in  number,  with  their  chiefs,  met  there  on  a 
clear  day  in  the  fall  of  the  year;  they  were  to  coni- 
nience  tlie  battle  at  sunrise  and  fight  until  sunset, 
and  the  party  that   remained   master  of  the  ground  ; 
then  was  to  be  declared  conqueror  and  hold  the  dis-  j 
])uted  territory.     The  battle  was  a  fearful  and  terri-  • 
ble  one.     At  sunset  on  that  day  there  were  left  on  I 
the  battle-ground  seven  of  the  Arroquas  and  five  of*! 
the  Canadagas.     The  fight  then  ceaseil,  but  on  the 
following  morning  was    renewed,   and  after  a  short 
fight  the  seven  Arroquas  drove  tlie  five  Canadagas 
from  the  ground.     The  disputed   territory  was  then 
awarded  to  the   Arroquas.     This  bloody  battle   was 
fought  on  tlie  ground  very  near   to  ^fr.   Johnston's 
mill-dam,  and  about  one  hundred    year^    before  the 
treaty  of  William  Penn.with  the  Indiiuis  under  the 
big  tree  on  the  Delaware  at  Philadelplii:i. 

"  About  twelve  months  after  this  b;alle  the  pn.phet 
of  the  Arroquas  had  a  dream  or  visiun,  in  which  il 
was  made  manifest  to  him  that  the  departed  spirits  of 
the  braves  slain  in  the  great  battle  while  conteiuling 
for  the  disputed  ground  could  not  become  reconciled, 
and  without  a  reconciliation  would  not  be  allowed  by 
the  Great  Spirit  to  enter  the  delightful  hunting- 
grounds  of  the  spirit  world,  but  that  their  reciuicilia- 
tion  could  be  accomplished  by  giving  the  disputed 
ground  to  the  twelve  braves  whose  lives  were  spareil 
in  the  battle.  In  accordance  with  the  vision  the  chief 
of  the  Arroquas  called'  the  braves  together,  and  f.ir- 
nially  delivered   over  to  them  an.l  their  jio.terity  for- 


ever full  title  to  thebefore-meiitioned grounds.  After 
they  had  lakeii  peaceable  possession  of  their  hunting- 
ground,  they  fixed  their  licadquarters  at  the  Osres,  or 
Rock  Wigwam,  on  the  west  stream,  not  a  fourtli  of  a 
day's  journey  from  the  great  river.  This  ])lacS  was 
long  known  to  the  hunter.-,  and  known  with  you'as 
the  cave.     Here  the  twelve  liiavcs  cast  lots  for  a  new 

chief,  and  the  lot  fell  ne  of  the  Canad.'igas.     He 

bad  shortly  before  taken  to  himself  a  wife,  a  beautiful 
young  maiden  of  the  Chickasaw,  a  tribe  still  known 
in  history,  and  the  name  of  the  creek  on  which  is 
tiie  cave  wdiere  they  lived  was  called  after  the  new 
and  young  queen  Chickasaw.  One  year  after  this 
event  the  young  queen  gave  birth  to  a  daughter,  and 
called  her  '  Ollonga,' and  the  creek  on  the  east  boun- 
dary of  their  land,  your  Big  Chikis,  was  called  after 
the  daughter  Ollonga,  and  the  streams  at  their  junc- 
tion, and  from  that  piiinl  totlicgrcat  river,  was  named 
bv  them  Chicka-aw  Ollonga.' 


"This  small  band, 
years  from  that  time,  I 
tribe,  but  after  Peni: 
jiale-faces,  came  into 
ments  near  them.  '1 
rather  than  fight  then 
fnl  headquarters,  the 


course  of  one  hundred 
1  numerous  and  powerful 
ty  the  white  people,  or 
iiuilry  and  ma<le  settle- 
id  n.'.t  love  them,  and 
eir  home,  their  delight- 
\Vii,'wam,and  emigrated 


westward  toward  the  setting  sun,  and  united  with  the 
Chickasaws." 

The  Cave  and  its  White  Hermit  Occupant.— Con- 
nected with  the  foregoing,  Mr.  liciuler gives  an  account 
of  the  cave,  or  cove,  and  its  early-time  hermit  dweller. 
"  \Vhen.the  first  wiiite  settlers  came  there  were  still  a 
few  families  of  friendly  Indians  in  the  neighborhood, 
and  at  that  time  the  cave  was  found  to  be  inhabited 
by  a  white  hermit.  The  early  settlers  called  liim  the 
naked  man.  His  singular  history  I  "will  give  you  as 
near  as  I  can  remember,  having  received  it,  when  1 
was  quite  young,  from  the  li|w  of  my  grandfather, 
who  was  acquainted  with  him,  and  to  whom  he  re- 
lated wliat  I  now  give  yon.  This  strange  being  said 
he  was  born  in  Scotland;  that  at  the  age  of  twenty 
years  he  taught  school  there.  His  mother  being  some 
time  dead,  his  father   married   a  second  time.     His 


step-mother  was  uliIv  and  i 
the  absence  (d'  hi-  father,  . 
turned  his  step-mother  ai 
doors,  wdiere  they  iieiished 
from  Scothuul  to  the  I'.riti 
save  his  life;  landed  in  1 
Lancaster,  which  was  thei 
tended  to  teach  school  if  he 
one  day  he  happened  to  sec 
he  knew,  ami,  afraid  that 
once  deteVmined   to   leave, 

such   other  articles  as   he 


to  b 


th.it  dur 


village,  and  in- 
a  situation;  but 
.■et  a  person  that 


MOUN'I'   JOY    TOWNSHIP, 


made  lor  the  backwoods,  where  he  resolved  to  n 
liviiitrliy  huHtiM-:uid  fishiii-  Three -hivs  nllr: 
LaiicaMLT  he  eaiiie  uecideHtally  on  the  eav.-. 
he  nia^le  his  h„iiie,  and  lived  in  it  Inr  live  yeai- 
he  saw  a  white  luaii,  and  lived  in  it  I'or  six  years  alter 
the  white  settler^,  loeateil  in  the  neighborhood  liefore 
any  of  iheni  saw  him  or  discovered  his  liiding-phiee. 
]Iis  hunting  and  trapidng  he  did  at  night,  and  gatli- 
ered  some  esculent  roots  that  grew  near  the  cave. 
About  this  time  he  said  he  had  a  vision  in  his  cave, 
and  heard  a  voice  speak  to  liim  as  through  a  trumpet, 
saying,  'Arise,  oh  man  !  strij)  off  your  garments,  and 
go  forth  henceforth  stark  naked  to  and  fro  for  seven 
years,  and  atone  for  the  damning  deed  done  to  thy 
step-mother  and  little  sister,'  which  voice  he  imme- 
tliately  obeyed,  and  in  this  state  of  nudity  was  often 
seen  in  the  deepest  snow-storms  by  the  early  settlers. 
He  also  told  my  grandfather  at  various  times  that  the 
main  cave  extended  west  over  one  mile  ;  that  he  ex- 
plored it  up  to  the  Siughorse  farm  (at  Siiringville)  ; 
that  there  were  three  running  streams  of  pure  water 
crossing  over  its  iloor,  also  a  number  of  large  rooms 
or  chambers,  where  the  droppings  from  the  roof  had 
formed  beautiful  white  pillars  that  looked  like  persons 
dressed  in  while  shrouds.  He  said  that  the  three  visi- 
ble openings  or  caves,  as  they  appear  to  the  .stranger 
at  first  sight,  were  not  the  proper  places  to  enter  the 
main  cave.  The  proper  entrance  was  in  the  cave- 
pool  formed  by  the  creek.  By  clearing  away  the 
rubbish  and  diving  under  the  water  he  made  his  way 
into  it.  This  strange  man  disappeared  about  the 
year  1765,  and  long,  very  long  did  the  peojde  wonder 
what  became  of  the  'naked  man.'  The  impression 
at  last  became  general  that  a  freshet  in  the  creek 
.closed  the  entrance  with  drifts  of  various  kinds,  which 
he  was  unable  to  remove,  and  that  he  perished  in  the 
cave." 

Mr.  Bender  relates  that  in  the  year  1814,  when  he 
was  a  lad  of  twelve  years,  he  found  among  the  debris 
on  the  floor  of  the  cave  the  rusted  and  broken  blade 
of  a  butcher-knife,  a  fork,  and  a  spo'on,  which  he  re- 
garded as  relics  of  the  hermit's  occupation  ;  and  he 
further  states  that  in  1820  a  sailor,  named  Daniel 
Harris,  had  located  in  the  vicinity,  and  going  to  the 
cave-pool  to  swim  with  some  companions,  dove  under 
the  w.iter,  found  the  subterranean  entrance  to  the 
great  cavern  and  explored  it.  As  the  rock  formation 
throughout  the  southern  [lart  of  I\Iount  Joy  township 
is  limestone,  similar  to  that  in  which  the  celebrated 
Mammoth  Cave  of  Kentucky  and  the  Luray  Caverns 
of  Virginia  have  been  excavated  by  some  of  nature's 
secret  processes,  it  is  not  improbable  that  the  state- 
ments of  the'hermit  and  of  the  more  modern  adven- 
turer at  the  "Stone  Wigwam"  may  have  been  true. 
There  is  at  i)resenL  a  very  considerable  accumulation 
of  rubbisli  in  the  cave  or  caves,  and  the  discoverv  of 
tlie  entianee  to  the  ehai.ibers  alleged  I.,  lie  bevniid 
eouhl  only  l>e  accomplished  thr(,ugh  painstaking 
labor. 


lakehis 
r  lie  left 

Settlements,— Who 

JI..iirit  ,l(.y  was  setlle. 

1  the  territor. 
it  was  a    pa 

t  of  the  old  oriL- 

Thele 

inal  tnx^nslii|.  of  |),.iie 

.;-al.  and    il  w 

is   „ots,.tolf  an.l 
.^;i.       .MountJov 

IS  bounded  hn  it-  long  northern  line  by  Dauphin  and 
Lebanon  Counties,  the  Conewago  Creek  flowing  be- 
tween its  territory  and  that  of  the  former  county. 
Its  eastern  neighbor  is  Haplio  tcjw  iishi|i.  the  line  of 
demarkation  between  being  Little  Cliikis  Creeklorig- 
inally  Chitjuei  Salunga),  its  soutljeni  or  south- 
western boundary  is  marked  by  the  Lancaster  and 
Harrisburg  turnpike,  upon  the  opposite  side  of  wliieh 
the  East  and  West  Donegals  lie. 

The  extreme  southern  portion  of  the  township 
consists  of  gently  undulating  limestone  land,  while 
farther  north  the  surface  is  more  hilly  and  the  soil  is 
gravel  and  gravelly  loam.  In  the  extreme  north  the 
hills  are  higher  and  more  abrupt  and  the  land  less 
valuable  for  cultivation  tlian  elsewhere.  Nearly 
everywhere,  however,  fine  improvements  meet  the  eye, 
and  there  are  evidences  of  thrift  and  good  farming. 

The  pioneers  of  Jlount  Joy  were  Scotch-Irish,  and 
the  first  came  in  about  1785,  preceding  the  German 
settlers  by  a  decade.  The  Germans,  however,  came 
in  greater  numbers  after  they  had  made  their  first 
entry,  and  the  township  is  now  almost  exclusively 
peopled  by  their  descendants.  Not  one  acre  of  land 
in  the  entire  township  is  now  owned  by  the  descend- 
ants of  the  Scotch-Irish  pioneers  who  originally  pat- 
ented it.  This  absence  of  the  families  of  the  pioneers 
luis  rendered  it  difficult  to  obtain  historical  facts,  and 
impossible  to  present  a  complete  record  of  the  early 
settlement.  The  Scotch-Irish  pioneers  selected  the 
limestone  lands  in  the  southern  part  of  the  township, 
and  the  Germans  exhibited  a  decided  preference  for 
the  gravelly  hills  to  the  northward. 

Among  the  first-mentioned  class  of  early  settlers 
were  the  Cunninghams,  Lytles,  Wilkins,  Whites, 
Jloorheads,  Scotts,  and  Howards,  and  among  the 
earliest  and  most  prominent  of  the  latter  class  were 
the  Hiestands  and  Nissleys, 

Gordon  Howard,  an  Indian  trader,  owned  at  an 
early  day  seven  or  eight  hundred  acres  of  land  in 
old  Donegal  township,  extending  in  a  northeasterly 
direction  into  the  present  limits  of  Jlount  Joy,  and 
his  sons  owned  lands  adjoining.  It  is  probable  that 
Gordon  Howard  lived  south  of  the  boundary  of  this 
township.  lie  died  March  24,  1754.  He  left  a 
widow,  Rachel  (nee  JIcFarland),  and  sons, — Thomas, 
Robert,- John,  Joseph,  and  ^\'■illiam,— and  two  daugh- 
ters. Thomas  Howard  was  county  commissioner  in 
1735-37.  John  Howard  died  in  1778,  leaving  a 
widow,  Anji,  and  seven  or  more  children,  viz. :  James, 
Martha,  David,  Mary,  'I'honias,  .loseph,  and  John. 

.lames  and  Samuel  ,\lli-oii  married  daughters  of 
Gordon  Howard,  and  u]Min  his  death  came  into  pos- 

north  of  Spiingville  and  extending  to  Little  Chikis 
Creek. 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


John  Wilkiiis  took  up,  in  173S,  land  adjoining  Gor- 
don Howard's  on  tlio  uorlli  and  west,— tliat  on  wliich 
"Nisslcy's  mill  is  situated.  lie  was  a  son  of  Robert 
Wilkins  and  brother  of  Thomas  and  Teter.  lie  was 
one  of  the  first  to  take  an  active  part  against  the 
Marylanders,  was  wounded  several  times,  and  tlie 
Governor  of  Maryland  oll'ered  a  reward  for  his  eaji- 
ture.  John  Hendricks,  wlio  lived  at  Wright's  Ferry, 
turned  traitor  to  the  Penns  and  led  Wilkins  into  an 
ambush  prepared  by  Cresap,  and  he  was  taken  a  pris- 
oner to  Annapolis,  where  he  lay  in  a  filthy  jail  tor 
many  months.  He  was  an  Indian  trader  also,  and 
visited  the  Ohio  River  region  as  early  as  1732.  He 
died  in  1741,  leaving  a  widow,  Rachel,  who  married 
Gordon  Howard,  a  son,  John,  who  was  born  in  1733, 
and  daughters,  Rebecca,  who  married  Thonias  -An- 
derson ;  Mary,  who  married  William  Poor;  Rachel, 
who  married  Matthew  Laird  ;  and  Jean. 

John  Wilkins  and  his  wife  Catharine,  on  Nov.  27, 
1762,  sold  one  hundred  and  three  acres  of  liis  land  to 
Martin  Nissley,  and  in  the  following  year  he  removed 
to  Carlisle.  He  was  appointed  a  lieutenant  for  Cum- 
berland County.  He  removed  to  Pittsburgh  in  1783, 
and  died  there  in  ISIO.  Gen.  John  AV^ilkins  and  the 
late  William  Wilkins,  of  Pittsburgh,  were  his  sons. 

Ephraim  Lytle  is  known  to  have  taken  out  a  war- 
rant for  one  hundred  and  ninety  acres  of  laud  Nov. 
24,  1744,  and  to  have  received  the  patent  for  iinother 
tract  of  one  hundred  and  seventy-nine  acres  in  Ajjril, 
]7()7.  He  probably  made  his  settlement  prior  to  the 
earlier  of  these  two  dates.  Ephraim  Lytle  had  three 
sons— Joseph,  Nathaniel,  and  Ephraim— and  six 
daughters— Martha,  Ruth,  Jean,  Rebecca,  Priscilla, 
and  Elizabeth.  Nathaniel  was  a  soldier  in  the  Rev- 
olutionary war,  and  was  killed  near  Philadelpliia,  his 
body  never  being  recovered.  His  brother  Joseph 
served  in  some  capacity  ujjon  a  peace  coiiimi-^iii]i  at 
the  same  period.  Nathaniel  Lytle  liad  an  only  son, 
Joseph,  who  was  the  father  of  S.  B.  P.  Lytle,  now  a 
resident  of  Mount  Joy  borough.  Ephraim  Lytle, 
younger  brother  of  Nathaniel,  reared  a  family,  but 
there  are  no  mendicr-,  ni  it  now  in  (his  county.  He 
removed  to  the  norlhwolcni  |iart  ol  the  ^t.ite.  The 
Lytles,  like  most  of  tlie  Scotch-Irish  pioneers  of 
Mount  Joy,  were  members  of  Donegal  Presbyterian 
Church,  and  the  graves  of  members  of  three  or  four 
generations  of  the  family  are  to  be  found  in  the  bury- 
ing-ground  adjoining  the  venerable  house  ol'  worship. 

Moses  White  (whose  name  is  fre(|Uently  s|)ellcd  in 


-nine  acres  to  Da 
iiid  eighty-five  m 


Jlartin, 


Mink 
.ch  II 


,   three  hundred  a 
j   who  sold  one   \n 

,  John  Funk,  March  M,  1752,  and  another 
Chri.stiati  Martin,  Sr.,  in  17r,S.  In  17(;;;,  1 
another  piece  to  Gliri-lnphrr  Ileisey,  an. 
lleisey  and  tiis  wile  ( 'In  i,•^tlana  sol.l  to  llr 
man,  who  built  the  mill  long  known  by  his  name. 

A  i>ortion  ol  .Mo-es  White's  land  was  .sold,  in  17Gi!, 
to  William  Cochran,  ulio  with  his  wife  Mary  sold  to 
,  Florence  and  Lawrence  Scanlon.  They  in  turn  con- 
'  veyed  it  to  Christopher  Shelley. 
I  The  Cunninghams  were  one  of  the  notable  families 
I  of  early  settlers  in  this  township.  James  Cunning- 
I  ham  settled,  in  1718,  in  what  is  now  East  Donegal 
I  township,  but  moved  from  thence  to  Me 
!  took  up  lands  adjoining  John   ^\'ilki]l- 


it  Joy 


th. 


•andta 


ugi. 


the  old  records  Whoit)  had  a 
and  sixty-eight  acres  of  land 
sons — Hugh  and  William.  I 
of  considerable  prominence,  wli 
boundaries  of  Mount  Joy  borough 
where  the  Lancaster  and  llarrisbi 
Little  Chikis  Creek.  He  remov 
ship  before  the  Revolution. 

William  White  obtained  a  i.atei 
land  in  1741,  and  in   171'J  he  and 


lor  one  hundred 
II.     He  had  two 

settled    near  the 
id  near  the  point 


prominent  olEcer  in  the  Revolutionmv  wai,  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Assembly  several  years,  and  siuveyor  lor 
the  Western  District  of  Pennsylvania.  He  removed 
to  Lancaster,  and  died  there  at  his  home  on  Orange 
Street.  His  descendants  removed  to  the  western  part 
of  the  State.  Two  members  of  this  family,  either 
sons  or  nephews  of  Col.  Cunningham,  laid  .mt  in 
1S03  the  town  of  Ihillcr,  seat  of  justice  of  lUiller 
County,  Pa. 

Samuel  Cunningham  received  a  patent  for  land  in 
Mount  Joy  as  early  as  1747,  and  another  in  1700,  and 
he  and  his  wife  .Jean  deeded  the  same,  or  a  portion 
of  it,  to  James  Cunningham,  Dec.  15,  17H2. 

Jacob  Hiestand  was  one  of  the  earlie-t  German 
settlers,  hitving  patented  lands  some  time  prior  to 
1741,  as  he  S(dd  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres  to  Jacob 
Uief  and  his  son  John  in  that  year.  They  in  turn 
sold  to  -Alartin  Kreider  in  1701.  It  was  by  this  Hie- 
stand I'amily  that  the  mill  was  built. .m  Little  Chi- 
kis, near  the  .Mount  ,loy  borough  boundary,  and 
now  owned  by  the  corporation.  It  has  been  in  o(ier- 
ation  about  one  hundred  years. 

The  Nissleys  were  another  family  of  very  early 
German  settlers,  and  are  to-day  one  of  the  largest  and 
most  promimnl  in  th,-  touliship.  Jacob  Nissley, 
the  original  settler,  had  live  children,  two  sons  ami 
three  daughters,  viz.:  .lohii,  who  married  a  Sedui.st ; 
Martin,  a  Snyder,  (^)iie  daughter  married  a  l!iirmaii, 
another  an  Eversole,  aud  the  other  a  Steward. 

Alexander  Scott  wa,  a  settler  >,f  earlv  date,  and 
went  out  ^.s  a  captain  in  the  French  and  Lidiaii  war 
in  17oo.  He  died  in  177o,  leaving  a  widow,  Marv, 
and  the  following  chihlrcn,  viz.:  Margaret,  James, 
Mary  (Cook),  William,  ami  Abraham. 

The  Moorheads  were  another  family  of  Scotch- 
Irish  settlers  in  this  lowndiip,  but  not  so  early  as 
those   wdio'  have   been    mentioned.        Thomas    .Moor- 


d    ain 


.Moll 


uid  Christian. 


MOUNT   JOY   TOWNSHIP. 


Jam 


s  iiiluTiteJ  tlu- 
Itwouninarriua 
soKlior  ill  llie 
;n  ill  the  Revo- 
e  Byers,  Jaugli- 


Tliomas  Moorhead  divi.led  liis  land  l.etwefii  li 
two  sons,  James  and  Robert, 
homestead  farm,  where  lii.>nHj 
!-islers  lived  with  him.  lie 
French  and  Indian  war,  and  i 
lutionury  war.  lie  married  (_ 
ter  of  John  Byers,  of  Sali^bnry  township. 

For  some  time  he  was  engaged  in  hauling  Jiiilitary 
stores  from  Philadelphia  to  Boston  during  the  Kevcj- 
hition.  When  returning  from  one  of  his  trips,  and 
when  passing  through  Connecticut,  lie  bought  ii  col- 
ored woman  named  Plnebe  and  brought  her  to  his 
home  here,  and  took  her  with  the  family  when 
he  moved  to  Erie,  Pa.  He  purchased  his  brothi  r 
Robert's  farm  in  Mount  Joy  in  17S6.  Robert  re- 
moved to  Dauphin  County,  and  in  1787  he  purchased 
the  glebe  land  belonging  to  Donegal  Church,  to  which 
place  he  removed.  He  was  one  of  the  ruling  elders 
of  Donegal  Church  for  many  years.  He  was  a  stately, 
handsome  man  of  the  old  school,  and  wore  breeches 
and  silver  shoe-buckles. 

Mr.  Moorhead  sold  his  farm  at  the  iiieetiiig-liouse 
and  removed  to  Erie,  Pa.  The  late  I,aac  M.H.rhead, 
postmaster  of  Erie,  came  from  this  stock. 

By  the  opening  of  the  Revolution  the  township 
was  quite  extensively  settled,  as  the  list  of  names 
which  are  here  inserted  will  show.  Here,  as  else- 
where in  the  county,  the  people  were  divided  in  regard 
to  the  sentiments  they  entertained  toward  the  support 
of  independence.  Many  of  those  loyal  to  the  Amer- 
ican cause  and  active  in  its  advocacy  and  enforce- 
ment became  Associators,  and  those  who  refu.sed  to 
take  part  in  the  opposition  to  Great  Britain  were 
Noii-Associators.  The  men  selected  in  this  township 
I'or  the  county  committee  of  observation,  to  ascertain 
and  report  upon  the  conduct  of  all  pcr^on^  touching 
the  general  association  which  hail  Ik-lii  foniicd  in 
Philadelphia,  were  Jame=  Cunningham  and  Abra- 
ham Frederick. 

The  number  of  settlers  in  the  township  in  1776  is 
shown  by  the  following  list  of  i.rovincial  taxable^, 
and  their  comparative  wurth  financiaUy  is  shown  by 
the  amounls  of  their  a-=e.-MiiciiU,  the  highest  of 
which,  it  will  be  observed,  was  only  £2  'Js. 


David  Misiiihel.ler. 

Johi.  Xi.le. 

Frii.icu  Sbopfs. 

WillmiM  l'o.,rmau. 

Mallhi.is  Gfiifeit. 

F'ollowing  is  a  list  of  the 

Xon-Associators 

who  were  uniformly  asses- 

'd  for  the  pn.se 

the  war,  in  which  they  refu 

sed  to  take  part. 

of  .£3  10s.: 

Brwli,  George. 

I.enert,  Peter. 

liislioiJ,  Gotlip. 

Miller,  George. 

BiHUtz,  Matlbtas. 

MarliJi,  Christoph 

Bi'ier,  Jiicob. 

Marlin,  David. 

liiii-nian,  Sleleher. 

Jlurlin,  David. 

De.Tinel-,  Ilciiry. 

llailin.Joha. 

Dale,  Ifaac. 

Jlarliu,  Gliri.stiaD. 

Eganiat,  Crejjliau. 

Jlurliu,  Jaliu. 

Kretuiu.l'eter. 

SlllU-r,  John. 

Kunnan,  Daniel. 

Ni=..ly,  Jol.n. 

HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


WulgODiul,  Clir 

stiiiu. 

Wulgen.nt,  Al., 

\m- 

Walter,  Ii»ll/.fi 

Nslh 


Its 


tliousand 
,v:is  about 


An  Error  Corrected.— In  Uuiip'si  "  History  of  Lau- 
ca.sler  Coinity"  it  is  stated  tliat  Gcii.  Anthony  Wayne, 
witli  his  army,  spent  tlie  winter  of  1777-7Shi  Mount 
Joy  township,  ami  several  letters  from  the  celebrated 
".Mad  Aiithuiiy"  to  Governor  Thomas  Wharton, 
dated  at  "  Mount  Joy,"  are  i>rcsented  as  jjroof  of  tlie 
assertion.  (Ither  writers  have  fallen  intn  tlie  error 
through  their  blind  following  of  Uup[i  and  lack  of 


■igina 


vestisation,  and  it 


iHilar 


belief  that  the  general  and  his  forces  sjient  a  winter 
encamped  somendicre  in  the  township.  There  is,  and 
was,  literally  nothing  on  which  to  base  this  supposi- 
tion, except  the  fact  that  Wayne's  letters  were  dated 
"  ilountjoy,"  and  that  fact  amounts  to  nothing  at 
all  in  the  way  of  proof  when  we  bear  in  mind  that 
there  was  another  Mount  Joy  in  the  vicinity  of  Val- 
ley Forge,  at  which  it  was  very  natural  the  gallant 
officer  should  be,  and  where,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  he 
was.  That  Wayne  and  hi.s  forces  should  have  been 
so  far  from  the  seat  of  war  as  the  western-  part  of 
Lancaster  County,  and  there  remain  through  a  wdiole 
winter,  is  manifestly  absurd.  Officers  with  small 
sipiads  of  soldiers  were  undoubtedly  in  the  township 
on  several  occasions  during  tlie  Revolutionary  war, 
for  the  purpose  of  enlisting  men,  but  there  was  at  no 
time  any  large  body  of  troops  quartered  here. 

The  Tax-List  of  1780.— The  tax  return  of  1780 
shows  tliat  next  to  fanning  the  most  common  occu- 
pation was  distilling.  No  less  than  six  stills  were  re- 
jiorted  in  the  township,  the  owners  being  John  Bisho]), 
Abraham  Frederick,  Abram  Hear  (Hare),  Christian 
Hear  (Hare),  John  Lynch,  and  Jacob  Peters.  Abram 
Hear  also  paid  tax  on  two  mills.  Only  one  tavern 
appears  on  the  tax  list,  and  that  was  owned  by  Fred- 
erick Gitty,  or  Gettig.  Christian  Hare  is  known  to 
have  kept  tavern  the  same  year.  Neither  of  these 
were  the  first  in  the  township,  for  Stewart  Rowan  and 
John  Young  had  licenses  in  17(35,  and  a  year  later 
they  had  to  divide  their  patronage  with  two  others, — 
George  Strain  and  James  Watford.  In  1770  licenses 
were  granted  to  Caspar  Singhaas  and  Valentine 
Spingler.  Returning  to  the  tax-list  of  1780,  we  are 
reminded  that  slavery  then  existed  in  Pennsylvania, 
by  finding  James  Moorhead,  William  Moor,  and 
Thomas  Robison  each  paying  tax  on  one  negro. 
Each  of  the  negroes  was  valued  at  one  thousand 
jjounds  in  the  greatly-depreciated  Pennsylvania  scrij), 
which  was  receivable  for  taxes.  In  1781  the  value  of 
seventy-tive  jiounds  of  this  scrip  was  one  jjound  in 
gold,  and  assuming  that  it  was  slightly  higher  in  1780, 
thc-i-  hinii.ni  c  halllfs  would  have  been  worth  about 
twelve  pounds  eatli-  'I  In-  tax-list  from  wliieh  we 
have  taken  these  items  ^Ik.ws,  of  course,  very  liii;li 
values,  which  quickly  dimiiii-li  when  the  aiiioiint  <.l' 
de]ireciation  of  the  IViiiisyh  aiiia  currency  is  taken 
hito    consideration.     'Ihiis    one    num's   one    hundred 


The  Old  Moravian  Church.'—The  old  Moravian 
Cluiicli  in  this  township  is  in  a  secluded  spot,  about 
half  a  mile*  north  ol'  the  hamlet  of  Milton  (irove. 
The  church  dates  back  to  about  the  year  1710,  and  it 
has  not  undergone  any  essential  modification  since  it 
was  built,  and  exhibits  only  the  gentler  changes  that 
the  hand  of  time  makes  before  it  destroys.  The  plain 
exterior  is  weather-beaten  and  gray,  but  still  firm  and 
apparently  sound  enough  to  last  a  century  longer. 
The  building  has  little  pretensions  to  architectural 
adornment.  As  the  vestibule  was  tottering  from  age, 
it  was  removed  about  thirty  years  ago.  The  interior 
of  the  church  is  in  tolerable  state  of  preservation,  the 
material  used  in  the  construction  of  pews  and  floors 
being  yellow-pine,  oak,  and  cherry.  The  iron-work 
is  of  the  most  primitive  description.  The  window- 
glass  was  originally  imported  from  England,  and  the 
panes  were  six  by  eight  inches,  of  extraordinary 
brightness. 

The  congregation  which  worshiped  here  the  past 
three  generations  was  distinguished  fur  piety,  intel- 
ligence, and  high  social  culture.  It  was  composed 
largely  of  wealthy  farmers  of  this  and  neighboring 
counties,  who  passed  away  many  happy  hours  within 
these  ancient  walls  listening  to  the  devout  exhorta- 
tion of  their  pastors.  It  comprised  many  families  of 
descent,  distinguished  alike  in  the  field,  in  the  forum, 
and  puli)it.  During  the  colonial  period  minister  fol- 
lowed minister  in  rapid  succession.  The  missionaries 
sent  out  at  that  i>erioil  were  not  all  worthy  repre- 
sentatives of  the  UKjther-church.  ^More  recent  Jiis- 
tory  of  tlie  church,  however,  presents  a  striking 
contrast  to  the  former  period.  The  last  preacher,  the 
venerable  Rev.  Peter  Bachler,  had  for  many  years 
ably,  faithfully,  and  lovingly  cared  for  his  flock. 

Count  Zinzendorf  and  his  coadjutors  visited  this 
parish  early  in  the  year  1741,  and  converted  to  their 
faith  Jacob  Lischy,  who  became  the  first  ecclesiastic 
of  the  creed  of  this  parish.  Immediately  after  the 
erection  of  the  now  ancient  church  on  an  eleven-acre 
tract,  granted  by  deeds  of  1740  and  1745,  from  Thomas 
and  Richard  I'enn  to  Francis  Leib,  John  Kopp,  John 
Etter,  and  Peter  Ricksecker,  on  record  in  Patent- 
Book  A,  vol.  xiv.  page  4701,  in  the  record-oflice,  city 
and  county  of  Philadelphia,  the  work  so  auspiciously 
begun  was  marred  by  a  lack  of  harmony.  By  a  wrong 
construction  put  on  the  first  title  deed,  the  major  part 
of  those  wdio  erected  the  church  forcibly  dispossessed 
the  Jloravians  of  the  puliiit.  In  1745  the  second  title 
deed  from  thePenn  lainily  conlinned  to  the  Moravians 
the  eleven-acre  tract  and  all  its  iinproveineiits.  The 
building  was  then  in  i(s  ,cne«cd  state  dedicated  by 
liishop  Matthew  llclil.Sciit.  lis,  17o;-!. 

In  17.V_'  the  first  residc.il  minister  took  charge,  viz.. 


I 


;on,'r,  J. 
in   i'.i'ck. 


MOUNT   JOY   TOWNSHIP. 


fitios  (if  the  vniing.     In 
-lea  l,v  i,M-inlKTsof  the 


Li>ch\ 


.1  wi 


.Iwi 


and  wile,  I're.ieriek  ^uAAl-:  an, I  wile,  Nallian  lianni- 
gaidnei-  and  wile,  Al.raliain  Freicleriek  ami  wile,  IVter 
Selniuiiler  and  wile,  Riulolpli  Kucatzle,  and  Verona 
Ley|ii-il(lt.  Tlieir  names  indicate  that  they  were  of 
Swiss  or  German  origin,  and  they  were  midoubtedly 
eniiirrants  from  those  countries.  Tliere  was  also  Al- 
bert Francis,  from  Zweibriieken,  Holland,  who  met 
with  a  violent  death  on  June  20,  17.')(i,  wliile  plowing 
on  the  Fisher  farm,  near  Swatara,  where  lie  was  cap- 
tured, scalped,  and  cruelly  beaten  to  death  Ijy  Imiians. 
The  graveyard,  which  adjoins  the  cliiirch,  contains 
the  mortal  remains  of  some  of  Pennsylvania's  earliest 
pioneers.  The  burial-ground  is  laid  off  into  twn  s.e- 
tidiis,— those  buried  on  the  south  side  from  the  avenue 
leading  from  the  main  entrance  were  members  ami 
descendants  of  the  church,  and  the  remains  biirieil 
on  the  opposite  side  were  those  of  people  belonging 
to  other  denominations.  To  persons  who  are  fond  of 
]iOring  over  relics  of  other  days,  this  graveyard  can- 
not fail  to  afford  food  for  deep  relk-clion.  On  the 
graves  of  all  who  were  members  of  this  church  are 
sand  or  marble  tombstones,  wliicli,  without  distinc- 
tion, lie  rtat  on  the  grave,  illustrating  the  old  adage, 
"  l-)eatli  levels  all."  Among  the  persons  wdio  were 
earliest  interred  here  were  those  of  the  following  fam- 
ilies whose  names  appear  upon  the  gravestones,  viz.: 
Hunter,  Banner,  Schneider,  Sehner,  Kopp,  Stohler, 
Itanman,  Etter,  Delkin,  Bowen,  Buehler,  Bosanke, 
Bassoway,  Ptiantz,  Kempty,  Geophart,  Delcher,  Mou- 
ricr,  Leyphold,  Hedrich,  Cafteen,  Koentzley,  Leib, 
and  Bicksecker. 

channel  through  which  there  has  tlowcd  a  con-.taMl 
stream  of  life. — rising  in  the  cradle,  eniplyin^  in  the 
grave, — but  its  doors  are  now  closed  and  a>  silent  as 
the  graves  around,  and  are  only  thrown  open  to  admit 
to  the  last  rites  of  the  cbiirch  the  remains  of  some 
former  worshiper  of  this  Ibkl. 

A  Sunday-school  was  organized  in  conncclioii  with 
this  church  l)y  the  Moravians  in  1742,  and  had  an 
uninterrupted  existence  until  1757.  There  is  proof, 
too,  that  one  was  carried  on  here  in  1771  and  later. 
liev.  A.  B.  Hamilton,  of  Scotland,  a  SEoravian  mis- 
siomiry,  wdio  visited  tlie  old  church  five  years  ago, 
states,  upon  the  authority  of  old  records  in  the  pos- 
sessifm  of  the  Moravians,  tliat  "Rev.  Jacob  Li-chy,  a 
pastor  of  the  Donegal  Mcn-aiian  (Jliurch  (Mount  .loy 
WHS  then  included  in  the  former  township),  wli>  ac 
custcnned  to  meet  the  youth  of  his  cougregralioii  on 
.'^abbath,  not  merely  for  c-alechetical  exercises,  but  lor 
recitation  Irum  the  Bible,  accompanied  with  familiar 


Evangelical  Association  Church.- 'I'hc  first  class 

under  the  FvangclicalA-ocial  ion  ill. Mount. loy  town- 
shil.  wa.s  formed  in  llS.'.o,  .md  the  membership  con- 
tinued to  increase  up  to  ]-r,>.\  ulicu  it  dwindled  to 
twelve  members.  Service-  arc  now  held  every  four 
weeks  at  the  ^Moravian  Clinrc  li  by  Kev.  .1.  \S\  Meyer. 
Meetings  were  held  by  this  denominatiim  twenty 
years  before  the  class  was  organized,  about  183U,  on 
the  i)remises  of  Christian  Stern,  near  Milton  Grove, 
under  a,  white-oak-tree.  The  first  local  minister  was 
Rev.  David  Boyer.  Those  who  olliciated  after  him 
were  Jacob  Moyer,  Thomas  Buck,  and  Zimmer- 

Schools.-The  first  school  in  the  township  was  es- 
taldisbed  by  the  Moravian^  in  17sil.  aii.l  held  in  a 
building  erected  for  the  purpose  near  tbcir  church, 
north  of  Milton  Grove.  This  was  kept  up  Ibr  ipiite 
a  number  of  years,  but  finally  was  discontinued  for 
want  of  sup[)0rt.  Aside  from  the  Moravian  school 
there  were  none  of  iniiiortance  until  comparatively 
recent  years  under  the  free  school  enactment. 

Mount  Joy,  by  vote,  accepted  the  term- of  the  school 
law  of  1834  in  the  year  1842.  In  the  year  ISoo  there 
were  in  the  township  (not  including  the  boroughs  of 
Elizabethtowu  or  Jlouiit  Joy)  eleven  schools,  iu  each 
of  wdiich  one  teacher  was  employed.  The  total  num- 
ber of  pupils  was  five  hundred  and  twenty-two.  The 
aiiiouiilof  tax  levied  for  school  purposes  was  eighteen 
Inindivd  and  sixty-eight  dollars  and  six  cents,  and 
llieicw.i-  received"  from  the  State  appiiopriation  one 
hundred  and  ei,-lity-two  dollar-.  The  .-o-t  of  instruc- 
tion was  one  thou-aiid  and  scventy-ciglit  d.. liars,  and 
other  ex|)enses  a  little  more  than  one  hundred  dollars.! 

In  1882  the  number  of  schools  was  thirteen  and 
the  number  of  teachers  the  same,  two  of  them  being 


Thi 


il-  wa- 


]  one  dollars  and  eighty-two  cents,  and  tlie 
ceived  from  tlieState  appropriation  live  hi 


and  forty  dollars  :,im1  iiiiicly-ci- lit  ccul-.      1  be  ainoniit 

thirty-eight  dollars,  and   the  total  expciidituivs  four 
thousand  four  hundred  and  forty-oiic  dollars  and  ten 
cents. 
Justices  of  the  Peace. —The  Justices  of  the  pence 

elected  orapi.ointed  prior   to    ISp)    for   the   district  of 
chaoter   containint;   the    l,aiica-tcr  Conntv   civil   list. 


i;.-'   I" 


18)1 


inSTORY    OF    LANCASTKR   COUNTY. 


■f  Julv   1,   l.SiU. 


1 


llM.l 


Florin,  or  Springville.— Tliis  is  a  pretty  cluster 
of  dwellings,  lying  one  mile  west  of  Mount  Joy 
borough,  on  the  line  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad, 
and  like  its  larger  neighbor,  it  is  partly  in  the  town- 
ship of  Mount  Joy  and  partly  in  East  Donegal,  the 
Lancaster  and  Harrisburg  turnpike  being  the  dividing 
line.  Christian  Ilertzler  inirchased,  in  1812,  the  farm 
of  one  hundred  and  ninety-seven  acres,  on  which  the 
village  has  since  been  built,  of  Christian  Hoffman, 
and  laid  out  a  jjortion  of  it  in  lots  in  1813.  He  be- 
stowed upon  the  village  the  name  of  Springville, 
wdiich  is  generally  recognized  by  its  people  as  the 
|iroperappellation  of  the  place  at  present.  Very  few  of 
the  residents  acknowledge  the  name  of  Florin.  The 
village  plat  was  resurveyed  in  1844  by  a  committee  of 
three,  two  of  whom,  Abraham  Walter  and  Joshua 
liisbop,  assisted  in  the  original  survey.  They  both 
lived  for  many  years  in  the  town,  and  died  here, — 
lUshop  in  ISr.O,  and  Walter  a  few  years  later.  The 
other  early  settlers  here  were  George  Jliller,  Samuel 
Yetter,  Henry  Shreid,  Lewis  Clarke,  Michael  Haag- 
man,  Philiji  Farnby,  John  Portner,  Adam  Zell,  Abra- 
ham Hertzler,  George  Winter,  Adam  Long,  Richard 
Wilton,  I\Iichael  Reigart,  Jacob  Finfrock,  Philip 
liailor,  Jolin  Green,  Daniel    Miller,  John    MichiKl, 

.Fohn  Nettery,  Risser,  and Roan.      Jacdb 

Souders  has  lived  in  tlie  village  many  years,  and  is 
one  of  its  best-known  residents.  He  has  served  a.-> 
Justice  of  the  peace  for  a  long  period. 

A  school-house  was  built  by  the  people  in  the  year 
1829,  and  used  for  a  religious  meeting-house  as  well 
as  for  educational  purpo^es  without  change  until  about 


A  lew 


.fill. 


trustees  of  the  old  one,  with  the 
built  another  story  upon  it.  (t  is  n(jw  a  town  ball, 
and  the  play-ground  a  beautiful  shaded  park.  'Jlie 
school  directors  of  East  Donegal  built  a  brick  school- 
liouse  in  18.")1  in  that  i)art  of  the  village  in  this  town- 
ship, but  it  was  destroyeil  by  a  storm  soon  after  its 
I  ojnplrtion,  wliich  resulted  in  the  injury  ol'  tlie  teacher 
and  a  number  of  his  pupils.  A  few  years  later  another 
school-house  was  built  noith  of  the  railroad,  but  it 
soon  proved  to  be  too  small,  and  *as  sold  for  a  dwell- 
ing-house.    The  sehoordirectors  then  built  a  larger 


ihn    I'.osslei 
his  death,  i 


:is  api 


intPd 
or  LS71 


He  held  the  ofiiee  ui 
wlieu  Henry  Herslie; 
appointed. 

A  few  years  since  the  PcHt-OlIicc  Department 
changed  the  name  of  this  iKist-olliee,  Spring  (.iarden,  as 
it  was  originally  called,  to  Florin,  and  the  Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad  CompaTiy  changed  the  name  of  its 
station  from  Springville  to  Florin,  but  there  has  never 
been  any  authoritative  change  in  the  name  of  tlie  vil- 
lage, although  some  of  its  residents  give  to  it  the 
name  of  the  station  and  post-office. 

The  village  lias  three  or  four  general  stores,  and  a 
large  tobacco  warehouse  is  carried  on  by  Kraybill, 
Nissley  iV;  Co.  William  H.  Shutte  and  Daniel  Roop 
are  engaged  in  coach-making. 

The  United  Brethren.— The  first  members  of  this 
church  who  lived  in  Springville  were  John  Geyer  and 
his  wife  Elizabeth,  Christian  Hershey  and  his  wife 
Elizabeth,  George  Geyer  and  his  wife  Mary.  These 
persons  were  here  in  1834.  They  had  meetings  in  the 
school-house  for  eight  years,  and  in  1842,  the  society 
having  increased  to  about  eighty  members,  they  built 
the  present  liouse  of  wuiship.  The  early  ministers 
were  Revs.  Wenger,  David  ( lingrich,Sand,  Pefley,  and 
Daniel  Funkhouser.  About  ten  or  twelve  years  ago 
the  Gernnin  element  of  the  society  withdrew  and  built 
a  church  for  themselves,  so  that  there  are  now  two 
United  Brethren  Churches  in  the  place. 

The  colored  jieople  also  have  a  society,  known  as 
tlie  African  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.  Their  or- 
ganization and  church  building  are  about  twenty-Hve 
years  old. 

Milton  Grove.'— This  village  is  comparatively  in 
its  infancy,  and  it  is  but  recently  that  the  wlieel  of 
progress  has  been  set  in  motion.  I'or  the  past  ten 
years  the  changes  have  been  most  markt 
Grove  is  five  miles  cast  of  Elizabethtow 


.  .Mi 
,  and 
idace  : 


news  iroui  abroad,  lis  location  is  on  an  elevated 
piece  of  ground,  from  wdiicli  the  eye  sweeps  over  a 
great  expanse  of  beautiful  valley  scenery.  Adjacent 
flows  the  Little  Chiiiuesalunga  (or  Chikis),  a  splendid 
stream  of  water,  abounding  with  tisli,  and  beautifully 
hedged  on  both  sides  with  a  fine  belt  of  timber. 

About  the  year  1820  there  arrived  in  this  locality 
a  German  immigrant  named  Ilardtman,  who  in  tlie 
same  year  purchased  a  large  tract  of  unimproved 
land,  including  tliat  ]i(irtii>n  ipu  which  the  village  is 
now  located,  and   laid  out  a  (■on>iderable  number  of 


PARADISE   TOWNSHIP. 


995 


be 


building  lots  to  eatablisli  a 
niantuwn.  His  extensive  |iuielia>e  nl'  real  e-tale, 
coupled  with  tlie  extravai^aiit  lial.it^  lie  b.nl  aeiiiiired, 
led  people  to  conjecture  that  lie  was  a  man  nf  aliuve 
ordiniiry  means,  and  a  town  n|'  lair  liiiportiiMi-  ua^ 
anticipated  in  the  near  Inline,  liiil  wlien  the  day  ul 
settlement  cauie  llardtiiKiu  was  iinal.le  to  lueel  the 
obligations  of  his  creditors,  and  the  pmspretive  town 
fell  like  a  clap  of  thunder  iVuui  an  unclouded  ^^ky. 
Hardtnian  suddenly  disappeared,  and  the  land  ajraiu 
reverted  to  the  original  owners.  It  remained  uneul-  i 
tivated  until  1S49,  when  Benjamin  Grosh,  Esq.,  pur- 
chased a  large  parcel  of  the  land,  platted  and  located 
the  pre.sent  village  and  named  it  Centreville.  The 
same  year  be  erected  a  large  frame  dwelling  and  store- 
house on  the  northwest  corner  of  the  S(juare,  where 
he  carried  on  a  successful  mercantile  business  until 
1871,  when  lie  sold  the  store  property  to  his  son, 
Frank  B.  Grosh,  who,  after  conducting  the  same  busi- 
ness for  a  period  of  eight  years,  retired,  and  disposed 
of  it  together  with  bi.■^  interest  in  stock  to  his  young- 
est brother,  Eli  F.  Cirosh,  the  present  proprietor. 
The  same  year  the  village  was  located  Christian 
Groff,  of  Honey  Brook,  Chester  Co.,  erected  a  build- 
ing on  the  opposite  corner.  These  two  buildings 
were  the  only  ones  erected  prior  to  ISoo,  when  Mr. 
Abram  Grolf  built  a  stone  house  in  the  eastern  jiart 
of  the  village,  which  was  followed  by  the  erection  of 
the  present  hotel  by  Samuel  M.  Grolf  in  1857.  It 
was  in  this  year  that  the  celebrated  "Centreville 
Nurseries"  were  commenced  by  Daniel  E.  Gingrich, 
Esi].,  who  did  a  thriving  business  for  a  number  of 
years.  Flis  nurseries  and  name  gained  fame,  but  the 
war  of  tlie  Rebellion  followed  and  his  stock  depreci- 
ated, and  he  shortly  became  iinancially  embarrassed. 
To  meet  the  obligations  of  his  creditors  he  disposed  of 
his  entire  stock  at  sacriticing  prices,  and  now  the 
once  famous  nurseries  are  no  longer  in  existence. 

In  1862  the  founder  of  this  village  utilized  the 
only  vacant  corner  on  the  square  by  erecting  a  fine 
residence,  which  in  later  years  he  occupied  as  his 
homestead. 

Further  building  improvements  were  then  aban- 
doned for  a  number  of  years  in  consequence  of  the 
Rebellion,  and  it  was  not  until  1870  that  a  new  im- 
petus was  given  to  the  place  which  enhanced  iu  value 
the  land  within  its  limit..  There  were  then  .mly  live 
buildings  all  tcild,  but  by  the  in>trumentality  of  its 
founder  the  wdieel  of  improveiueut  was  set  in  motion. 
The  same  year  a  post-route  was  established  between 
Mount  Joy  and  Sunville,  Lebanon  Co.,  via  Centre- 
ville. A  post-ofTice  named  Motley  was  establislied  in 
the  village,  and  Frank  B.  Grosh  was  appointed  post- 
master. Subsequently,  at  the  .solicitation  of  the  citi- 
zens, the  name  of  the  village  and  post-oflice  were 
changed  to  Jlilton  Grove.  Buildings  were  now  put 
up  in  rapid  succession,  and  mtn  of  various  occupa- 
tions were  seeking  homes  in  the  jirosperous  village. 
Milton  Grove  now  has  a  general  dry-goods  store,  in- 


cluding groceries,  queensware,  boots  and  shoes,  drugs, 
notions,  cedarware,  etc.,  two  boot  and  shoemakers, 
one  line  hotel,  two  meat-markets,  llouriug-mill,  black- 
.smilli,  furniture-  and  house-painter,  cigar  manufac- 
tciiv,  taijiiring  establishmeiit,  one  shoe-.store,  hanies 
iiiami factory,  coopering  establishment,  one  physician, 
one  justice  of  the  peace.  .  Benjamin  Grosh,  the  first 
t^ettler  of  this  village,  died  at  his  residence  here  iu 
.Vpril,  1881,  having  been  a  resident  of  the  place  he 


tliirtv- 


veai 


CHAPTER    LXIX. 


Geography  and  Topography.— 1 

bounded  on  the  north  by  Leacock  an 
on  the  west  by  Strasburg,  on  the  sou 
and  Sadsbury,  and  on  the  east  by  t: 
an  area  of  eleven  tlmu-and  nine  liui 


SIX  acres. 

It  originally  f.irmed 
18-ia  it  was  organized  a 
principal  portion  of  thi 
very  fertile,  and  is  cons 


iradise  township 
iicasterCumity, 
East  Lampeter, 
1  by  Bart,  Eden, 
lisbury.  Itba.s 
Ired  and  eiLdity- 


jiart  (d"  Strasburg,  liut  m 
a  separate  township.  The 
surface  is  undulating  and 
onsidered  one  of  the  finest  agri- 
cultural tracts  ol  liind  in  the  county.  It  is  in  Pequea 
Valley,  and  is  drained  by  Pequea  Creek  and  its  many 
tributaries.     The  soil  is  mainly  limestone,  except  iu 


the  .southern  part,  which  is  crossed  by  the  Mine  Hill, 
and  is  les.  fertile. 

Pequea  Creek,  its  principal  stream,  forms  the 
northern  boundary  and  supplies  the  motive-power  to 
lour  of  the  principal  fiour-  and  grist  mills.  P.  Schum's 
cotton- and  woolen-mill  is  also  situated  on  this  creek. 
It  abounds  with  ;p  variety  of  fish,  and  during  the  hot 
summer  months  many  an  angler  whiles  away  the 
hours  on  its  cool  and  shady  banks. 

London  Run,  with  its  many  tributaries,  drains  the 
principal  part  of  the  townshi]). 

Paradise  was  organized  in  1843,  and  was  first  named 
Pequea,  but  the  name  was  not  satisfactory  to  some 
of  the  inhabitants,  and  it  was  subsequently  changed 
to  Paradise. 

Early  Settlers.— 'I'he  first  settler  of  Paradise  town- 
ship  was  IMary  Ferree  (formerly  called  Feme),  who 
came  here  in  1709  with  six  children.  Mrs.  Feiree 
came  from  the  town  of  Landau,  near  the  Rhine,  in 
France.    Her  nuiiden  name  was  Warrimbere,  ami  she 

tion  in  France.  Mary  Ferree  was  the  po.,=cs.-,or  of  two 
thousand  three  hundred  acres  of  land,  situated  south  of 
the  Pequea  Creek.     She  died  in  171G,  and  was  buried 


By  A.  ll.Suiilh,  M.D.. 


\(P 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTKR   COUNTY. 


in  Carpenter's  Cemetery,  wliich  was  selec 
ami  is  located  in  about  tlie  centre  of  her 


he 


M:i 


I'd 


Tlie  western  part  of  tlie  tuwii.-,liip  wa.  t^iktii  up  hy 
Hans  Croti;  and  consisted  of  one  tlion>aiHl  aciv^. 
Tl.is  was  bought  by  Louis  Dubois,  and  be.pi.atlird  liy 
him  to  his  sou-indaw,  riiilip  Ferree,  son  ul'  Mary, 
and  adjoined  her  estate.  The  eastern  jiart  of  tlir 
township  was  first  settled  by  Matthias  SUvyniaker,  wIjh 
came  here  in  ISIO  with  five  sons:  JIatthias,  Ileniy, 
John,  Daniel,  and  I.,awrence.  The  latter  startnl  to 
the  West  and  was  never  seen  afterward.  It  i~  sup- 
posed he  was  killed  by  the  Indians.  The  remaining 
sons  were  married,  and  a  lari,re  portion  of  the  land  is 
still  in  the  possession  of  tlie  deseemlants  of  :\Iattliias 
Slayniaker. 

When  Mary  Ferree  and  family  arrived  in  tlie  val- 
ley of  Fequea,  she  was  met  by  Beaver,  chief  nt'  the 
tribe  of  Indians  that  inhabited  this  section  of  conn- 
try  at  that  time.  Beaver,  with  the  humanity  that  dis- 
tinguished his  tribe,  gave  up  to  the  emigrants  his 
wigwam.  On  the  following  day  he  introduced  them 
to  King  Tanawa,  who  resided  on  the  Great  Flats. 
King  Tanawa  had  known  William  Penn,  and  called 
him  the  "  Indians'  friend." 

Tanawa  was  a  chief  of  the  five  nations,  and  always 
displayed  a  friendly  feeling  toward  the  whiter,  lie 
sold  his  land  to  William  Penn,  and  it  was  afterwards 
bought  by  the  early  settlers. 

King  Tanawa's  renuiins,  with  tliose  of  many  of  his 
tribe,  were  buried  on  an  elevation  of  ground  in  Para- 
dise, since  named  Lafayette  Hill,  and  now  used  as  a 
burial-ground  by  All  Saints'  Protestant  Episcopal 
Church.  His  grave  was  marked  by  a  pile  of  stones, 
which  has  since  been  removed,  and  i)art  of  his  bones 
are  still  preserved  in  the  neighborhood. 

Thoroughfares.-Among  the  principal  tlK.rough- 
faresare  tlie  Lancaster  and  Williaiii.-tnwn  turnpike, 
the  Strasburg  road,  and  the  Jline  Hill  r.,ad,  all  of 
■which  traverse  the  towiishi|i  Iroin  easi  to  west.  The 
oldest  of  these  is  the  Strasburg  mad,  whieh  was  iaid 
out  as  a  public  higliway  during  the  administration  of 
William  Penn.  The  roads  lunuing  ncU'th  and  south 
are  Cherry  11  ill,  I'.hud.  Ilor-e,  liellmonte,  and  Wil- 
liamstown.  The  Mine  llill  is  crossed  by  five  roads, 
namely,  Kenneagy's  road.  Wolf  Rock  road.  Cedar 
llill  road,  Coal  llill  road,  and  Liuville's  Hill  road, 
all  of  which  intersect  wilh  the  .Mine  Hill  road  on  the 
top  of  the  hill. 

The  Pennsylvania  Ilailroad.  which  has  a  station  at 
I^eaman  Place,  is  now  the  great  avenue  of  travel  and 
transportation. to  and  from  this  township. 

Paradise.— In  1S(I4  the  village  now  called  Paradise 
was  made  a  post-town,  and,  needing  a  name,  it  was 
called  Paradise  from  an  expression  of  Joshua  Scott 
(publisher  of  Scott's  map  of  Lancaster  County),  who, 
while  standing  in  the  liiiddle  of  the  turnpike  with 
others,  and  looking  over  the  country,  remarked  that 


his  should  he  called  Pane 
.nice  ha.  retained  fr.mithal 
,vaslaidout,  in  bsf;,  ami  p, 
.vas  nanuM  Pequea,  but  s 
ipplied  to  their  reiireseiitat 


.Mr 


y  the  Legislature,  it 
It  liking  the  name, 
■  representative  and  had  it  changed  to 
diip.  The  population  of  Paradise  is 
nhal.ilaiit-.  It  has  two  extensive  ear- - 
one  tannery,  one  hotel,  owned  and 
S'ieholas  Danner,  a  drug-store,  owned 
J.  Hoover,  one  general  store,  owneil  by 
Witmer,  and  conducted  by  T.  F. 
( 'arnthers  and  A.  P.  Witmer.  There  are  three 
bakeries,  One  blacksmith-shop,  four  cigar-factories, 
two  tinsmiths,  and  an  extensive  coat-  and  lumber- 
yard, conducted  by  A.  K.  Witmer's  Sons.  The  build- 
ing now  occn]iied  by  this  firm  was  originally  a  stable 
connected  with  the  hotel,  and  owned  by  Samuel  Le- 
tevre.  This  building  has  been  enlarged,  and  is  now 
a  large  two-story  stone  and  frame  structure,  the  first 
floor  being  used  as  a  general  wareroom,  and  the  sec- 
ond for  the  offices  of  the  Lancaster  County  JIutual  Fire 
Insurance  Company.  In  1843,  A.  K.  Witmer  built  a 
railroad  from  the  main  line  of  the  Pennsylvania  Pail- 
rnad  to  the  present  warerooms, — distance,  about  one- 
half  mile, — wliich  is  still  used  for  the  transportation 
of  coal,  lumber,  grain,  ice,  etc. 

Williamstown  is  a  flourishing  village  in  the  east- 
ern part  of  the  township,  and  was  named  from  the 
first  builder,  Amos  Williams,  who  kept  at  that  time 
a  small  store.     The  second   building  u  a-  a  hotel,  and 

by  Nathaniel  E.  Slayniaker.  At  present  there  is  one 
hotel,  kept  by  Jacob  Bair,  one  general  store  (Harry 
Brackbill  being  its  proprietor),  one  shoemaker,  one 
saddlery,  and  one  butcher.  There  are  twenty-three 
houses  and  one  hundred  and  thirty  inli.ihitaiits. 

Kinzer  Place.-— Harry  Kinder,  in  l^.'A,  built  a 
hotel  at  what  i-  now  e.dl.'d  Ki.izer  Place  for  the  ac- 
commodation of  the  jailroad  wcirkmen,  it  being  the 
lime  whin  the  I'eiiiisvl,  ania  Kailroad  was  being  con- 


IK 


ds     Ihi 


mg 


Passmore  as  a  hotel,  and  also  by  the  railroad  com- 
pany as  ticket-ollice  and  waitiiiL'-room.  Kinzer  post- 
ofliJe  is  in  the  same  building,  Mrs.  Joseph  Aikeil 
being  the  present  p..-.tnii-lre-s.  Chri-tian  Hershey 
e^  Bro.  have  a  large  coal-  and  lumber-yard  and  gen- 
eral store  at  this  ]ilaee. 

Leaman  Place.— Prior  to  the  construction  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Railroad  there  wasonly  the  farm-house 
of  Henry  Leaman  wdiere  this  village  now  is.  In 
1835,  Mr.  Leaman  erected  a  hotel,  and  soon  afterward 
arailro.ad  slalion  was  cstabli-hed  there.  The  hotel 
has  from  the  hist  beiii  n.-ed  as  the  pa-senger  depot. 
Oraduallv  a  little  vilhi-e  eaiiie  inio  exisleiiee,  and  it 


illici. 


PARADISE   TOWNSHIP. 


Harristown.  — 'I'lii-i    luunk-t    wa- 

Th.MiKis  Harris,  uIk,  was  ,,iie  >.t   the  I 

has  a  popiihiliou  of  ahoiit  one  hiiiulnML     The  llai- 

i-istou'ii  sHiool  is  h)cate.i  Llmv. 

Public  Schools.— The  s.lu".l  systLMU  ha.l  lica'ii  ac- 
ce|)tcil  ill  tlu-  tii\\  iisliiij  lit'  ;rtrasbiirg  heliire  tlio  sLjia- 
ratidii  iVum  it  of  l'aia.li,,e.  The  first  boani  ol  .li- 
iL-ctors  c'lecti.Ml  alter  tlie  erection  of  the  t(i\viishi|i 
consisted  of  Daniel  Esbenshade,  Meiijaiiiiii  lli-ri, 
and  four  others  whose  names  ciinmit  lie  a-en  taiiied  . 
The  number  of  sub-districts  at  tliat   lime  was  seven, 

or  ol'ioj;s.  As  time  has  -one  on  new  and  more  taste- 
ful and  c'onvenient  liouses  juive  taken  tlie  places  of 
these,  and  the  only  one  still  in  use  is  the  llarrislown 
school-house,  a  stone  structure. 

The  iiresent  sub-districts  in  tlie  towii-lii|.  are  :  No. 
1,  Paradise;  No.  L',  Centre;  No.  ;;.  Williaiii-low  n  ; 
No.  -I,  llarristowii  ;  No.  .".,  Willow  (iiove:  No.  o, 
liellemonte;  No.  7,  Cedar  Hill;  No.  S,  ^i. ring  Valley; 
No.  9,  Jihick  Horse;  and  No.  10,  Lucust  Grove.  Of 
the.se  the  schools  in  Nos.  1  and  9  are  graded  schools, 
with  two  teachers  each.  The  houses  in  these  distriets 
aiv  three  of  .sloiie,  lour  Iniek,  and  lliive  of  w,M,d,  all 
in  tjood  eondition,  and  all  luniislied  with  modern 
improveil  tixturcs. 

The  annual  school  term  in  the  t()wiislii|i  has  during 
'many  years  [jast  been  sometimes  seven  and  soinel lines 
eight  months.  The  wages  of  teachers  are  from  thirty 
to  forty  dollars  |)er  month.  The  ])resent  teachers  are 
Miss  Celia  Gable,  Miss  Carrie  Norton,  John  Weaver, 
Mrs.  Martha  Rowe,  :\Hss  Lizzie  Bair,  Thomas  G. 
Wise,  INIrs.  Clara  Bair,  Harry  Denlinger,  li.  A.  Book, 
Alfred  Leslier,  Miss  Annie  Plienegar,  and  Miss 
Emma  Wiker.  The  present  directors  are  ISi'iijamin 
Ranck,  president;  D.  D.  Edwards,  secretary  ;  .laeol, 
E.  Ranck,  treasurer;  C.  H.  Hershey,  H.  C.  Mus.er, 
and  Daniel  Esbenshade.  Tlie  number  of  children  in 
attendance  in  1883  was  five  hundred  and  eighty-five. 

All  Saints'  Church  (Protestant  Episcopal).— 
On  July  ol,  1841,  a  meeting  was  held  at  the  public- 
house  of  Amos  Witiner,  for  the  purpose  of  organizing 
a  jnirisli.  The  persons  present  were  Redmond  Con- 
ynghani,  J.  Lightner,  Adam  K.  Witmer,  .lolm  ^■ate., 
J.  Eshelman,  Jr.,  David  Witmer,  J.  Yates  ConyiiL'- 
ham,  and  the  Rev.  E.  Y.  Buchanan,  rector  of  Christ 
Church,  Leacock  township.  The  following  vestry- 
men were  elected  to  .serve  until  Easter  .Monday,  1842  : 
Redmond  Conyngham,  J.  Lightner,  A.  Iv.  Witmer, 
J.  Y'eates,  J.  Eshelinan,  Jr.,  J.  Y'ates  Conyngham, 
Isaac  I'.  Light ncr.  The  first  two  named  were  ap- 
liointed  wardens,  and  Jtev.  E.  Y.  Biiehaiiaii  was 
elected  rector. 

Previous  to  tliis  time  there  was  an  ellort  made  to 
organize  a  parish  anJ  secure  funds  for  the  bnildinc; 
of  a  church  at  Carpenter's  Cemetery,  but  these  ell'orts 


Railr.iad   :   |.rov 

d  nnsL 

eces.^ful 

The  first,. 

ervices  of  this  [ 

arish 

1    at     Ihi.   '    were 
•  m    I 
le.l      alter      The 

held  i 

and   ehi 

l-lioii,e   (Wl 
th    the    elm 
reh  were   :u 

ieh    IS  >till   sta 
•eh),    Sept.    lli, 
mitted   into  ih. 

ding 
1S41. 
dio- 

Itlers.       h        ee.e 

..t    a  .1 

oiiveiitii 

11     held    in 

MJ,   at   whieh 

'time 

will 


house,  and  steps  were  taken  towards  procuring  funds 
and  erecting  a  larger  building.  A  resolution  was 
l)assed  by  the  vestry  Feb.  27,  1843,  for  that  purpose, 
and  on  Monday,  Aug.  7,  1843,  the  corner-stone  was 
laid.  Charles  Myers  was  the  builder.  At  (his  time 
there  were  sixteen  families  belonging  to  the  church, 
there  were  twelve  coinmuiiieaiils,  ami  the  Sunday- 
school  consisted  of  forly  seliolars.  Dee.  3,  1813,  the 
church  was  consecrated. 

Since  the  erection  of  the  church  a  steeple  with 
bell  was  added  to  it.  There  have  been  500  baptisms, 
lir,   niarriaires,  1S7   burials,  and   199   cominunicanls. 


ev.  E 

.  Y 

.  BuL 

n  ye; 

rs. 

Rev 

nd  was  1 

ector 

for 

.1  b 

hort 

ved    tw. 


.D.,suceeeded 
I.  F.  Esehbad 
I'.rown,  M.D., 
..mas  Burrows 
Rev.  H.  C. 


he  fol- 


Rev.  J.  McA.  Harding,  assumed  ehai-i 
Sejit.  1,  1879. 

Previous  to  the  organization  of  this 
lowing-iiamed  Episco|)aI   ministers  held  services  in 
the  Methodist  Church  in  Soudersburg,  near  Paradise  : 
Rev.  ]\Ir.  Varian,   Dr.  Cruse,  R.  W.  Morgan,  J.  B. 
1  Clemson,  and  Mr.  Clarkson. 

I       All  Saints'  Cemetery  is  located  oh  the  south  side 

I  of  the  church,  and  was  used  as  such  when  the  parish 

•  was  organized.     It  is  on  an  elevation  of  ground  called 

■■  Lafayette  Hill," -and  was  used  as  a  burial-ground 

by  tlie  Indians  many  years  ago;  some  of  their  bones 

,  are  still  found.    The  cemetery  incloses  about  one  acre 

of  ground,  and  is  kept  in  perfect  order. 

The  Paradise  Presbyterian  Church.^The  Pres- 
byterian Church  in  Paradise  village  was  built  in 
1840  for  the  better  accommodation  of  the  members 
of  Leacock  Church  residing  on  or  south  of  the  turn- 
pike. It  has  no  separate  organization  from  the  old 
church,  being  governed  by  the  same  session  and  trus- 
tees, and  composed  iu  a  large  part  of  the  same  con- 
gregation. Services  are  held  on  alternate  Sabbath 
mornings  in  both  'cliurches,  except  in  the  winter 
months,  when  all  the  services  are  held  in  the  church 
in  Paradise. 

In  1881  the  building  was  cnlaiV'ed  throu-h  the  ef- 
forts of  its  present  pa-tor.  Rev.  l).  \V.  tiayloid,  at  an 
expense  of  live  thousand  live  hundred  dollar,-,  the 
improvements  being  a  new  lecture-room  and  an  ex- 
tension to  the  front,  with  the  addili.m  of  a  steeple 
and  bell.     The  congregation   is  large,  and  at  present 


998 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


the  renovated  house  of  worship  is  one  of  the  most         Present  officers  ;ire :   U.S.  Kemli^',  N.  G. ;  Elmer 

attractive  in  its  internal  arrangements  in  the  conn-  Wiker,  V.  G. ;  D.  W.  I'.ilw  aid-,  Srr. ;  Howard  JEillcr, 

try.     There  is  a  ceinetory  on   the  north   side  of  tlu^  i  Asst.  Sec.  ;  W.  0.    Imvu  ,  Tiva-.     Tliis   is  among  the 

cliurch,  covcrin-   an   area  of  one  and  .HU-lialf  acres;  j  oldest  lod-es   in  tlie  State,  and  ani.,nir  the  tirst  in   the 

it  is  iiieh.srd  hv  a  hiirh   and   s„|„t:i ,ili:,l    frn.,-,  and  is  '   rnunty  for  its  rarefnl  and  r,,nvrt  nindc  of  working, 

usrd    |.riiiei|ially  l>y   meniliers  of  the  church    for  the  '       Insurance  Company. —d'hc  l.aiic.ist.r  ( 'ounly  ^[n- 


hiinal  ol   their  (ka(f 
Old  Mennonite  Church,— This  church  is  locate.l 

committee  consisted  of  .lacol,  l).-iilinger,  John  Dcn- 
liiiger,  Samuel  Ehy,  and  John  [Zollinger.  Services 
are  lield  every  two  weeks,  and  a  large  congregation  is 
always  present.  The  following  is  a  list  of  the  minis- 
ters from  the  time  of  its  organization  :  Peter  Eliy, 
Joseph  Hershey,  Samuel  Wenger,  deccast-d.  Fsaac 
I'.hy,  the  present  hishop,  is  the  minister  in  iliarge 
at  the  i)rescnt  time,  and  is  assisted  l>y  .lohii  Konk 
and  Jac<d)  Hershey.  In  1880  the  church  added 
ahont  three-fourths  of  an  acre  of  land  to  their  yanl. 
There  is  no  cemetery  connected  with  the  chnrcli. 
Carpenter's  Cemetery, —This  is  tiu'oldest  lunying- 

groniid  in  tlie  townsliip,  and  is  .itnat.'d  on  an  rlcva- 
tioii  of  ground  at  the  junction  of  tlie  "  lilack  Horse" 
road  with  tlie  Strasburg  Railroad.  Previous  to  her 
death,  Mary  Ferree  selected  this  spot  (which  is  -itii- 
ated  in  about  the  centre  of  her  former  possessions) 
as  a  burying-])lace  liir  hcr-rlf  and  familv,  and  she 
was  the  first  to  lie  within  its  .piirt  walls.  ]l,-r  death 
occurred  in  171(). 

.Vtter  the  conntiy  became  more  densely  po|Milaled, 
and  this  was  used  as  ;i  pnbli,'  bnrviii-  idaee.a  el.arler 


He 


Dr.  Sa 


\Vi 


William  Hen. 
(i.  Henderson  as  c.rporat.u-.  The  lir^t  ollicers  xTere 
■\Villiaiii  Xoble,  presidi-iit,  and  Henry  F,  Slayniaker, 
secretary  and  treasurer. 

On  Jan.  14,  1851,  N.  E.  Slaymaker  was  elected  to 
(lie  [josition  of  secretary  and  treasurer,  and  the  <illice 
was  removed  from  SalisburyviUe  to  Williamstown. 
He  acted  as  secretary  and  treasurer  until  January, 
1882,  when  John  S.  Witiuer  was  elected  in  his  stead, 
and  the  office  was  moved  to  I'aradise.  The  amount 
of  insurance  in  force  .Ian.  1,  Hs:;,  was  <;8,830,5r)(i.7S. 

■fhe  following  is  a  li-t  of  the  present  officers:  Jidiii 
S.  Witmer,  secretary  and  trea-nrer;  Directors,  Sam- 
uel Sloeum,  president,  X.  I",  ."-^laymaker,  A.  K.  ^Vit- 
iiier,  0.  L.  Himes,  A.  P.  Mellvain,  John  N.  Woods, 
Hr.  S.  1!.  Sami.le,  John  Seldomrid-e,  .loseph  F.  Wit- 

The  Wenger  Carriage  Factory,  Paradise,— In 
\^i~,  A.  K.  Witmer  erected  al  the  east  end  of  the 
villageof  Paradise  (on  a  tract  of  land  purchased  from 
.fae.ib  Witmer,  his  unelel  a  small,  one-story  shop, 
uhudi  WIS   ilrst   oeeni.ied   as  a  wi.eelwn-lit   siinii,  bv 


er        M: 
di   '    l.a 


W 


Ferree,  Isaac  F 


Da 


W: 


d  .\i 


it,  and  other  improvements  added.  .\nion 
buried  on  these  grounds  are  the  Fence-,  Car 
Lightners,    Witiners,    Lefevres,    Stambaehs, 

Frantz  Cemetery. —This  cemetery  was  1 
aliout  181.-,  on  land  donated  by  .Jacob  Frai 
.lohn  Denlinger.  It  is  located  on  the  north 
the  turnpike,  on  the  Bellemont  and  Intercom 
A  school-house  originally  stood  on  these  groni 


■,  took  iiossession  of  tin.'  -hop  and  I'arricil  on 
t-  e:irriaL'i'-iiiaking.  Cox  removing  to  Lancaster,  was 
d  suee,.,.ded  hy  Francis  Snyder,  who  continued  thecar- 
■ie  riaL'e  busine-s  until  his  death,  in  18oS.  The  property 
-,  was  th.ai  sold  by  A.  K.  Witmer  to  .lolui  Wenger, 
1-  who.sc  son,  Joseph  F.  Wenger,  carried  on  a  thriving 
business  in  the  manufacture  of  ciirriages  for  eight 
It  years,  and  was  followed  hy  his  brother,  A.  E.  Wenger, 
id  w  ho  continued  there  two  years,  the  shop  then  lieing 
of  taken  possession  of  by  a  younger  brother,  .lacolj 
il.  Wenger,  the  present  proprietor,  and  has  been  carried 
id      oil  bv  him  for  fifteen  vears. 


'he  first 


ess  is  twenty-five  thousaml  dollars. 
Frew's  Carriage  Factory.   Mr.  Nicholas  Daunt 


rew  and 


einl  of   the   one-tory    wlieidwright-shop  there 

rson  buried  in  this  cemetery  wa-  Maria  Frantz.  now   st:inds  a   larue   t!iree-tory    imihling,   employing 

Pequea  Lodge,  No.  161,  I.  0.  0.  F.  -This  lodge 

is    institnied    Feb.    Hi,    Isu;,   in   Soudersbuig,   with 

e   following  oflieers:   William    P.   .Mi.hael,   N.  ( i.  ; 

aiiuel   .Miller,  V.  G. ;  John  F.   Lefevre,   A.  S.  ;  Jo-  in  1S75,  built  a  h 

ph  II.  Graybill,  Treas.     The  meetings  were  held  in  joining  his  hotel. 

Iiri(k  building  in  that  place  for  a  number  of  years,  .lohn  F.  Reese,  who  condueted   the  bu.-iness  for  two 

It  the  hMl-e,  concluding  to  remove  to  Paradise,  pro-  years  and  established  a    large  trade.     In    1S77,  JMr. 

red   r is   tVom   A[r.  Aino-,   Witmer,  and  they  are  '  Reese  withdrew  from  the   firm   and  Mr.  Frew  took 

)W  holdin-   their  mecliiiL'-  in  his  building,  over  the  i  charge  of  the  i)usiness,  and  ccniducted  it  for  a  jieriod 

.re,  on  Saturday  evening  of  each  week.     Since  the  of  two  years,  when  bis  lirother,  W.  C.  Frew,  bought 

lie  of  its  organization  this  lodge  has  initiated  two  \  the  right  and  li.xtures,  and  he  is  now  conducting  one 

iiidred   and   twenty   members.     Its'  membership  is  '  of  the  finest  tra.les  in  the  country.      The  shop  has  a 


( 


d  d.dlars. 


veiitv-live  tliousand  dollar 


PARADISE  TOWNSHIP. 


Paradise  Tannery.— This  was  establislied  I.; 
Daniel  l-Npeiisluhlr.  At  liiv-t  it  iiiul  twenty  vitts,  an. 
il.s,MilynKU-liiiieiy  w:is;MiiK-lu.rsel.arl;-mill.  Il  ha 
since  been  owjied  liy  llanid  I a-Ics  re,  Sanmrl  l''.>-h  i 
Junathaii  Leidi.-li,"  l-aur  l.iM.liL'h,  and  the  inr-ru 
owner,  Isiiue  Lichty.  it  ha.  h, 
hirg'ed,  and  il  twelve  len  ,r  j,  ,« 
it  by  Mr.  Leidigh.  lis  present 
sand   five  liund'red   hides   per  y 


r  luiilding  bridges,  and  are  shipped  to  differ- 
Is  lit'  the  .State.  This  is  the  finest  liincstoiie 
in  the  eounty,  and  one  ol'  the  be^tin  theState. 


,«  ihird 


deled  and  en- 
a,.  was  put  in 
V  is  two  thnn- 


liv 


ilirani  W 


Schum's  Factory.— Ahont  1S40,  Christian  Iless 
built,  on  the  site  ..t  an  old  lnllini,-ndll  in  the  north- 
east corner  of  I'aradi-^e  township,  a  woolen-taet<jry. 
Alter  the  death  ot  ("lin.iian  Hess  it  became  the 
]n-operty  of  his  S(ni  .Muses,  who,  in  ].Sli4,  sold  it  to 
<;eori;:e  Levan.  In  ISdi;  he  sold  it  t.)  Philip  Sehinn, 
by  w  ho.se  heirs  it  is  now  owjied  and  conducted.  It  is 
a  stone  structure,  and  its  machinery  is  propelled  by 
the  water  of  Peijuea  Creek.  Formerly  woolen-cloth 
was' manufactured  here,  but  now  the  mill  is  used  for 
the  manufacture  of  cotton  and  woolen  yarn.  I'our 
liands  are  employed  in  the  establishment. 

Slaymaker's  Kilns.— These  kilns  were  established 
about  the  time  of  the  huilditii^  of  the  railruail,  and 
are  close  to  JNIdlvain's  kilns  about  one  mile  east  irom 
Leaman  Place. 

The  property  originally  belonged  to  the  Bowers 
estate.  The  next  owner  was  G.  I).  iMcIlvain,  and  at 
his  death  iiobert  1'.  .Mcllvain  inherited  it.  The 
<jnarries  an. I  kilns  are  n..u-  l.'a-.e.l  by  (_i.  I).  Slaymaker, 
who  supplie-  Chail,',  Warner  .t  Co.,  of  Wihuington, 
Del.,  with  all  it.,  pr...luels. 

Mcllvain's  Kilns.— In  1,S32,  when  the  State  Jlail- 
road,  now  Pennsylvania  liailroad,  was  made,  it  opened 
a  fine  quarry  of  linn'st.me  on  the  property  of  John 
Slaymaker. 

Mr.  Slaymaker  erected  two  kilns  and  commenced 
burning  lime  for  building  and  fertilizing  |)urposes. 
in  ISIS  the  fither  of  the  present  owners,  Albert  and 
Porter  .Mellvain,  became  the  owner,  and  at  the  time 
of  his  death,  in  ISC?,  the  present  firm  of  Mellvain 
&  Brother  took  po.ssession. 

In  186'J,  finding  that  a  better  article  was  wanted 
for  building  jiurposes,  they  erected,  at  an  cxjiense  of 
two  thousand  five  hundred  dollars,  a  kiln  for  the 
manufacture  of  wooil-burnt  lime,  which  has  a  ca- 
jiacity  of  two  hundred  bushels  in  twenty-f.air   hours. 


fhe  lime  is  shi 


iladelph 


Pa.,  Wilmington,  Del.,  and  lialtiinore,  Md. 

Pequea  Quarries.- d'hese  .plairies  are  situated 
about  one-half  mile  north  .d'  Para.li^e,  on  the  line  of 
the  Pennsylvania  llailroad.  They  were  first  owned 
liy  Hiram  Witmer,  and  leased  by  John  Keller  in  1SIJ4, 
wlni  took  out  (lagslone  and  ballast  for  the  railroad. 

In  February,  J 872,  James  Young  leased  them,  and 
erected  two  derricks  which  were  run  by  horse-power. 
During  the  spring  of  18.S1  an  engine  was  ])hiced  in  it 

square  by  two  feet  thick.     The  stones  are  |irincipally 


.\ller   the   .le 

Doner's  Mill.— In  17(j0,  Frederick  Wise,  a  (iiermau, 
built  a  small  grist-mill,  distillery,  and  hemp-mill  at  the 
base  of  the  Mine  liill,  on  what  is  now  called  Wolf  llock 
road.  The  mill  w.is  on,-  ami  a  halfstories  higb.  Wise 
live.l  there  alniut  filly  )  .ar,,  aiel  amassed  a  large  for- 
tune. Aliei  his  .1.  atli,  I  l...iru.'  i:ckert,  Esq.,  married 
the  widow,  wie,  was  Mdl  v.,am;-.  and  assumed  charge 
of  the  same.  Tw.-nly  years  alter  this  ,1.  ]l.  Fckert 
bought  it,  an.l  in  ,i  lew  ye.irs  soM  it  U)  Jacob  i:shle- 
nuin,  who  added  to  it  a  story  and  new  machinery. 
Eshlemau  owned  it  abimt  twenty  years,  and  after  his 
death  it  was  sold  to  Nathan  Shai'pless,  wdio  owned  it 
five  or  six  years,  when  Daniel  Piice  became  its 
possessor.  Rice  lived  there  ten  years,  when  it  was 
sold  to  Elias  Doner,  its  present  owner,  in  1S73.  It  is 
run  by  a  large  overshot  water-wheel,  and  has  one 
burr  and  one  clmpper, 

Rohrer's  Mill,   .-ituate.l  one  mile  joutb  of  ytras- 

ship,  occnpie-  .me  ..f  the  ..hh-t  mill-.-.ites  in  the 
county.  The  early  hi>t..ry  eannol  he  a.certaine.l 
further  than  lliat  iheiv  wa-,  a  -mall  null  built  there 
in  the  early  settlem.ail  ..f  the  .•.ainly.  In  the  .■onr-e 
of  time  this  mill,  being  too  small,  was  torn  down,  and 
one  of  larger  proportions  ereeleil  to  take  its  jdace. 
In  Hi'M,  Henry  Rohrer  purchased  from  the  Den- 
lingers  the  frame  mill  which,  in  lSri2,  was  taken  pos- 
session of  by  hi-  ,nn.  Chri-tian  KohVer,  who  removed 
the  old  mill  an.l  Imilt.,  lar-e  brick  grist- and  saw- 
mill in  its  stead.  In  |S7;i  il  was  enlar-e.l  by  the  a.l- 
ditioti  (if  an  end  ta  the  main  Imilding,  in  which  was 
placed  a  fifteen  lior.e-p.iwer  engine.  The  water- 
Spring  Valley  Mills.  -A  h.int  the  year  1SI)(»,  Abra- 

mjar  the  centre  of  the  townshi|).  The  original  struc- 
ture was  stone,  and  some  time  after  a  saw-mill  was 
attached,  ami  an  engine  ad. led  to  the  motive  power. 

In  b'^ri.S,  John  Haiick  became  its  possessor,  and  fif- 
teen years  ago  he  rebuilt  it  with  brick.     It  is  now  run 

Brua's  Mill.  -I'liis  mill  «as  honghtby  David  Wit- 


be 


ve    b. 


„..p 


The   mill 
.'rani;  I'.ia; 


M.se.l    to 
.hanged 


owned  by  Daniel,  . I.. hn, 
ago  this  mill  was  burn.Ml,  but  it  was  immc.lialely  re- 
built by  the  P.rtia  br..llier-. 

Seller's  Mill,  --■fins  is  the  last  mill  on  the  Pe.piea 
Cre.k,  in  l>aia.li-e  townshi].,  an.l  is  owned  by  (icr-e 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTKR   COUNTY. 


ISeiler.     It  \v:i 


built  in  1825  by  Michael  Jlussleniun, 

intil  ten  years  ago,  when  it  was  bought 

ibT,   its   present  owiiei-.     The   mill    is 

bv  Ehun  Tn.ut,  an.l,  tli(,u;:h   a  small 


i:,h 


vk,  i 


Evergreen  Mill,  owned 

ml  located  on   I'equea  Ci 
iill,  with  two  burrs  and  two  chopping-stmie 
resent   lessee,  Jlr.  Christian    llershev,    is    i 
.riving  business. 
London  Vale  Mill.-This  mill  is  situate.l 

on    Run,   and   owned    bv   Silas    K.    l.-hlenni 


Osceola  Mill  was  originally  an  old  forge  called 
Springwell  lorge.  hi  ISUli  Ueorge  Eckert,  K^(|.,  built 
a  mill  on  the  same  site,  which  was  held  by  liim  until 
18(17.  It  was  then  sold  to  Israel  Rohrer,  who  s.dd  it 
to  his  brother,  Martin  Rohrer,  ami  the  name  was 
changed  from  .<pringwell  to  O.sceola.  Martin  Kolirer 
rebuilt  the  mill  and  fiiriushed  it  with  lir-l-elass  ma- 
chinery. Mr.  liohrer  shortly  afterward  scdd  it  to 
.Alartin  Snavely,  who  is  still  its  owner. 

Justices  of  the  Peace.— The  following  is  a  list  of 
the  justices  of  the  peace  of  Paradise  township  from 
its  organization  up  to  the  present  time:  Isaae  R. 
Rnrrows,  1S4G;  Daniel  Lefevre,  184S ;  X.  E.  Slay- 
maker,  1852;  John  B.  Warfel,  1855  ;  Martin  D.  Hess, 
1851);  John  B.  Warfel,  18(i();  William  M.  Slaymaker, 
18f;2;  Isaac  Phinegar,  1803;  George  Anthony,  18G4  ; 
Henry  Kendig,  18C4;  Henry  Miller,  1SG5 ;  Isaac 
Leidigh,  1SG5;  H.  C.  .Miller,  186G  ;  John  G.  Free- 
laiid,  18(17;  Milton  B.  Eshleman,  18G8 ;  R.  P.  Mcll- 
vain,  1S7L';  Kobert  C.irvin,  1873;  W.  C.  Frew,  1875; 
.la.cb    M.    i;i.v,    1X7S;    \V.   C.    Frew,    1880;    H.    II. 


hio(jiiaimii(;al   sketches. 

IIDX.  Wtr.MAM  ll.'lMILTON'. 
Hon.  William  Hamilton  was  born  in  Leacock  town- 
ship on  Nov.  25,  1818.  The  family  is  of  Scotch-Irish 
descent,  and  a  collateral  branch  of  the  same  family 
from  which  sprang  Hon.  Alexander  Hamilton,  the 
first  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  iiiuler  Gen.  Washing- 
ton, who  was  killed  in  a  duel  by  Aaron  Burr  on  the 
heights  of  Weehawken.  Hugh  Hamilton,  grand- 
father of  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was  the  first  of 
his  race  nf  whon.  anything  is  km>wn  in  l^ancaslcr 
County.  He  iuade  a  .settlement  prior  to  the  Kcv.ilu- 
tionary  war  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  uld  Eeacock 
Church,  and  owned  a  large  tract  .jl  laud  in  that 
locality.  During  the  struggle  for  national  indepen- 
dence he  served  as  a  carilain  in  the  oatrim  aniiv,  and 


cliildr 
1  adult 
Hon. 


pa.s3ed  his  life  in  Leacock  towiiship.  He  married 
Isabella  Knox,  and  ha,l  si^  .hildrm,  viz.,  Lyle, 
Sally,  Rubert,  JIargaret,  \V.lliam,  and  .loliu.  Of 
tlu^e,  William  was  the  .mly  one  who  married,  and 
whnMirvivc-,al  the  pie-eut  writing  ( 1883).  He  gi\w 
up   on   the   paternal    larin   in   Leacock,   ami   attended 

the  district  >clin.,K  of  the  neiL'lihoi  h 1.      ,\t  the  age 

of  >i.\teen  he  ueut   not   to   labor  am..ng  the   faruicrs, 

■  and  continued   in   that  arduous   line  of  employ ment 

;  until  he  attaincl  the  age  of  iwenlv-live  years.      He 

I   then   entered   the  service  of  the   Pennsylvania   liail- 

1  road  Company,  and  filled  the  position  of  supervisor 

of  a  section  six  miles  in  length  for  live  yetirs.     On 

I  Feb.  29,  1848,  be  married  Louisa,  daughter  of  Henry 

and  Susan  Slaymtiker,  of  Paradise  townslii|i,  ami  soon 

'  thereafter  took   up    his   rc-idence   at    Williiimstown, 

where  he  has  since  continued  to  live. 

At  an  early  period  in  life  .Mr.  Hamilton  manifested 
'  a  taste  for  iniblic  life  and  the  science  of  politics,  and 
I  through  that  source  has  become  widely  known  in  his 
native  county.  He  was  t'onnerly  an  adherent  (jf  the 
j  Democratic  party,  but  in  185G  became  the  candidate 
of  the  Know-Nolhing  [larty,  and  was  elected  t(j  rejue- 
sent  Lancaster  County  in  the  State  Legislature.  He 
was  re-elected  to  the  same  olHce  in  1857.  This  public 
service  at  Harrisburg  in  behalf  <jf  his  native  county 
brought  him  in  contact  with  the  political  leaders  of 
the  State,  and  he  became  the  warm  friend  and  trusted 
adherent  of  such  men  as  Hon.  Simon  Cameron  and 
the  Hon.  Thaddcns  .<tevcns,  with  the  latter  of  whom 
he  continued  on  intini:ite  tciiii>  until  the  time  ot  the 
demise  of' that  illustrious  statesman.  Upon  the  lor- 
mation  of  the  Republican  party,  in  18G(»,  Mr.  Ham- 
ilton co-operated  witii  his  friends,  and  was  one  of  the 
founders  of  that  party  in  Lancaster  County.  'I'lie 
same  year  he  was  elected  to  rei)resent'tlie  county  in 
the  State  Senate,  where  he  served  for  tiiree  years  with 
marked  ability  and  fidelity.  He  was  a  warm  sii|i- 
porterof  the  Union  ofluse  during  the  nation's  secoml 
struggle  for  existence,  and  served  on  the  military 
committee  of  the  Senate  at  a  time  wlicn  the  dulie^  of 
the  |josilion  were  ardumis  and  iiiiportaiil.  In  18(J4 
he  withdrew  from  the  fiebl  of  politics,  and  has  since 
been  interested  in  the  agricultural  development  of 
his  township,  living  within  the  peaceful  precincts  of 
his  home.  He  owns  a  farm  of  one  hundred  and 
thirty-five  acres  near  Octorara,  and  one  of  one  hun- 
dred acres  at  Belmont,  and  in  the  decline  of  life  de- 
voles  all  of  his  time  to  overseeing  and  nninaging  them. 
He  has  led  an  active,  industrious  life,  and  in  spite  of 
the  i)olitical  struggles  in  which  he  has  been  engaged 
has  always  sustained  a  reputation  for  integrity  and 
uprightness,  and  been  held  in  general  respect  by  his 
IVicinIs  ami  acquaintances.  He  lias  lent  a  cheerliil 
Hipporttothe  various  progres-ive  movcmcnis  of  his 
day,  and  always  felt  a  d.ep  interest  in  the  mateii.d 
and  social  impioviMucnl  of  his  native  comity.  His 
liist  wif(^  died  on  Feb.  22.  1S57,  leaving  live  children, 
vi/..,  Isabella  C,  Maiv  M.  (uilc  of  ,lohn  limlaiid,  of 


^^5'>^/^s% 


^ 


'^   '■    ■•  /■'  -^ 


£<J 


Sadsbury  township,  Lancaster  Co.),  John  (deceased), 
Elizabeth  S.,  and  Louisa  Hamilton  (deceased).  He 
married  in  18.58,  Inr  his  second  and  present  wile,  Ann 
Lenier,  widow  of  ( l.  .T.  Bailcv,  of  Harrisluir"-. 


PENN   TOWNSHIP.  100 

1  acted  the  part  of  a  consistent  and  devoted  Chri: 


,101 


JUXDArKEll 


ifLan- 
mel  C. 


John  Gundacker  OMher  was  born  in  thecity 
caster,  on  Sej.t.  30,  1816.  His  i'atlier,  Dr.  Sai 
Olliier,  was  born  Aug.  22,  1792,  and  ijra.;li 
prot'essioM  ill  ]>ancaster,  dying,  however, 
twenty-eiglith  year  of  his  age.  His  moll 
Catharine  Gundacker,  eldest  daughter  of  Jol 
dacker,  an  early  and  prominent  merchant  < 
caster,  who  was  born  Si-]it.  28,  17115,  and  die 
13,1814.  Thechildrti,  u 
who  died  at  Portsmouth, 
who  was  drowneil  at  (Htn 

of  Lancaster,  where  he  enjoyed  the  beiielits  of  an  or- 
dinary English  education.  At  the  age  of  ten  years 
he  entered  the  employ  of  Col.  Jlyers,  of  Lancaster, 
I'ur  the  |)urposc*of  learning  the  hardware  business, 
and  remained  with  him  until  he  attained  the  age  of 
nineteen,  when  he  went  to  Philailelohia  and  clerked 


I  Xov. 
I,  (J.;  Abraham  C, 
1   1848  ;  George  C, 

s  pa-^ud  in  the  citv 


tian.  Holding  himself  aloof  from  public  alfairs, 
avoiding  all  ostentation  and  display,  lie  confined  liis 
energies  tn  the  Jierformance  of  his  private  duties,  and 
to  the  advancement  of  the  interests  of  the  church  aixl 
fif  society.  He  was  a  devcjut  member  of  the  old 
I'rc^bytcrian  (.'hurch  of  i^eacock,  and  was  officially 
connected  with  that  body  as  elder  for  lifteen  years, 
holding  that  jiosition  at  the  time  of  his  death.  He 
also  tocdc  an  active  interest  in  the  Sabbath-school 
cause,  and  served  as  superintendent  of  the  school 
connected  with  the  Leacock  Church  for  several  years. 
He  gave  liberally  of  his  means  to  the  support  of  all 
Worthy  enterprises,  and  was  held  in  general  respect 
by  all  classes  of  citizens.     His  home-life  was  one  of 

genial  and  hap|.y  IcnpJraiu.i.l.  lie  wa.  extren.ely 
popular  an.on.  hi,  ar,,aa.nlance,,  and  his  sudden 
death  was  altcnilcd  with  universal  regret.  He  left 
no  children,  but  lii>  widow  still  resides  at  Williams- 


CH  AFTER    LXX. 


he  remained  until  his  marriage,  on  Aug.  8,  1848,  to 
;Mary  R.  Dickson,  daughter  of  Mrs.  JIary  Dickson, 
the  ])0stmistress,  wdio  was  iirst  aiipointcil  to  that  office 
by  President  Jackson,  and  who  c.Mitiiiucd  todi.^charge 
the  duties  of  the  position  in  a  laithlul  and  c(jmpetcnt 
manner  nnder  all  administrations  lur  the  lung  ])criod 
of  twenty-one  years.  She  was  the  daughter  of  George 
Mcllvaine,  of  I'aradise  township,  and  the  widow  of 
William  Dickson,  the  founder  of  tlie  Lnncasler  Iiitel- 
lii/eiica-,  who  enjoyed  the  rare  distinction  of  editing 
tlieonly  Democratic  newspa|ier  between  Philadelphia 
and  Pittsburgh  for  nmny  years.  Besides  Mrs.  Olfner, 
wdio  was  the  faithful  assistant  of  her  mother  in  the 
post-office  during  the  entire  term  of  her  office,  there 
were  also  two  other  daughters, — Jane  Dickson,  wdio 
married  Joseph  Boyd,  of  Pequea,  and  removed  to 
Zanesville,  Ohio,  wdiere  he  died,  and  Ann  E.  Dick- 
son, who  became  the  wife  of  Gunning  B.  Bedlbrd,  of 
Philadelphia.  A  daughter  of  Mrs.  Boyd,  M.  Jose- 
phine Boyd,  married  Kev.  Herman  Hooker,  an  I^pis- 
copal  clergyman  ol'  I'liiladrlphia,  who  died  soon 
after,  leaving  her  a  widow.  She  is  n<iw  acting  as  a 
missionarv  of  the  cliunh   in  lliu  city  of  JMc-^ico,  uni.] 


;v    pun 


wlui 


fOllipi 


at  the 


the   Ch 


Willi 


Warwick  township,  and  legally  organized  into  a  sep- 
arate and  distinct  township  in  184G.  The  commis- 
sioners appointed  by  the  Court  of  (Quarter  Sessions  of 
Lancaster  County  to  view  the  propi.si-d  dividing  line 
were  Henry  Shreiner,  Esq.,  David  Jlay,  Esq.,  and 
John  Forney.  They  met  at  wdiat  was  then  called 
Shober's  hotel,  on  the  Litilz  and  Lancaster  turnpike, 
about  a  mile  south  from  Lititz,  on  the  22d  day  of 
February,  184.5,  viewed   the   propo.-ed  division   line, 

to  be  called  West  Warwick,  flicir  re|.ort  was  not 
confirmed  until  ,lan.  22,  I.s4i;,  and  named  by  the 
court  Penn  tuwuship,  in  honor  of  William  Penn. 
The  township  is  bounded  upon  the  north  by  Lebanon 
County,  northeast  by  Elizabeth  township,  east  by 
Warwick  township,  southeast  by  i\Ianheim  townshi|), 
south  by  East  Hempfield,  and  west  by  Rapho  town- 
Natural  Features,— The  surface  is  gently  undu- 
lating, suHiciiiitly  .s„  r(,r  the  proiier  drainage  (.f  the 
soil.  Along  the  northern  boundary  the  township 
is  cinctured  by  the  South  .Mountain,  covered  with 
line  forests,  and  princii.ally  owned  by  R.  W.  Cole- 
man's estate.  The  surface  slopes  gently  southward, 
with  a  few  efevations  near  the  central  part,  and  a  per- 
Irrtly  level  plan,-  alon-  the  Reading  and  Columbia 
Uailroad,  which  rro,>r.  the  .southern  srction  of  the 
township.     The  soil  i,  iHo-ilv  of  the  bc^l  (lualitv  of 


1002 


limestone,  except  along  the  f'o 
where  sand  predoLiii nates.  The  eU'vaii-d  iiortimis  (if 
the  township  are  generally  gravel.  ( 'hi.|iie>ahiii-:L 
(Oliikis)  Creek  skirts  the  western  bonn'ilary,  and  lunu-. 
an  important  watercourse  both  for  agricultural  and 
industrial  jnirposes.  Througli  an  iiUelligeiit  syslnii 
of  farming  by  the  pioneers  and  their  successors  the 
soil  has  been  bronglil  to  a  liigh  state  of  uultivatioji, 
and  is  very  productive.  A  very  large  nnad)er  of  cat- 
tle are  fed  annually,  and  large  quantities  of  lime  are 
put  on  the  land,  which  produces  very  line  and  huge 
quantities  of  tobacco.  The  greater  part  of  the  soil  is 
under  cultivation,  the  timber  having  been  reduced 
during  the  last  decade,  ( 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER    COUNTY. 


M. 


md  the  heavy  growth  on  Soutli  Moun- 


very  mucn  during  tlie  last  decade,  e.'ccept ; 

here  and  ther 

tain. 

Early  Settlers.— I'emi  lown-,liip  is  exclusively  set- 
tled by  l'eiiii,,ylvania  Ucrniaiis,  who  con^Litiite  an 
industrious  and  economical  ciL-ment.  .\iiioiig  the  old 
families,  descendants  of  whom  are  .slill  living  in  the 
district,  were  tlie  Keaths,  Krciners,  Beckers,  llagys, 
and  INIeyers,  w  hose  ancestors  came  here  as  early  as  17'>'>. 
The^e  early  settlers  mostly  located  along  the  foot  of 
Scnith  ilountain,  and  e.Kleiided  tiieir  doininicns  south- 
ward to  what  is  now  called  Unionville  and  While 
Oak,  the  latter  place  having  been  started  in  ITDl  on 
the  Chikis  Creek. 

Among  others  were  the  llostetters,  Ilersheys, 
Snavelys,  Bambergers,  Gibhies,  Keisls,  Kaullman.r, 
Gingrichs,  and  Erbs,  most  of  wlioni  iminigratcd  to 
this  country  from  Switzerland  and  other  parts  of 
Europe   on    account   of  religious   |iersecutious    from 


;d    cigl, 


1721)  to  1735.  A  deed  for  live  luin 
three  and  three-quarter^  acies  of  bind  near 
kis  Creek,  adjoining  lands  of  John  (lingridi, 
vacant  lands  by  John,  Thomas,  and  Kicliard  I' 
dated  the  10th  day  of  February,  17:;.'-,  thr  n 
year  of  the  reign  of  (Icorge  the  Second  ovcr(i 
Britain,  etc.,  and  the  eighteenth   year  of  our  gov 

time   of  the  setllein.nt    of  >onic   of  the   ;d,oVr-na 

the  central  part  of  what  is  now  called  I'liin  t. 
ship,  in  the  limestone  region,  and  gave  il  the  n 
Grube  Land.'  Of  all  the  families  who-e  name- 
mentioned,  descendants  are  still  scattered  o\ci 
territcn-y,  and  chiefly  remain  where  their  forrliu 
first  located.  The  hist(n-y  of  most  ol  iluni  is  s,, 
scure  that  no  traces  of  the  exact  linn-  ol'  allien 
can  be  found  anywdiere. 

We  give  the  followdng  extract  from  the  law- 
Pennsylvania  of  18-10,  page  D.'i,  sec'tion  HJ  : 

"  From  and  after  the  passage  of  this  ait  that 
tion  of  I'enn  township,  in  the  county  .d'  l,aiiea 
heretolore  n.elnded  in  tie-  Seventh  f.leelion  DiM 
shall  be,  and  the  -.mie  is,  hereby  erc-eled  into  as 
rate  ehetion  distrbt  ;  and  the"  el.-el,n-s  \sithin 
iM.mids  thereof  shall  hold  their  general  .•leelioi 
the  public-house  of  Jacob  Hoover,  in  the  boroU' 


Manh 

im;  all  that 

porti 

)n  of  re 

in  towi 

ship  hereto- 

fore  il 

eluded  in  the 

Sixt 

■enth  i:i 

■ction  1 

Jistrict 

shall 

be,  an 

1   the   same  i- 

her 

■by    erec 

ed   int. 

a    se| 

a  rale 

eleeti>.1i  distriet;    ai 

d    Ih 

•  elccloi 

s  withi 

I  the  b 

lunds 

th.-ivo 

•  shnll  bereal 

cr  h 

dd  their 

genera 

electi. 

lis  at 

the    pi 

blie'-bonse   o 

■  .fae 

lb  Ziegler,  in   t 

,e   villi 

ge  of 

Lititz 

/'ron.lo!,  ' 

'hat 

the    qua 

died    \ 

iters    1 

f  the 

tywnsi 

ip  of  Pcnn 

,e,  ;i 

arc   he 

eby,  ai 

thoi- 

i/ed  t. 

hold  their  s 

.ring 

eleetioi 

s  lor  t 

wnshi 

.  olli- 

cers  at  the  house  no 

upied  b> 

Christ 

an  He 

shey, 

and  tl 

at  Abraham 

vaull 

man  act 

as  jnd. 

e,  and 

John 

M.  Su 

nmy  and  J(d 

n  11. 

Sjiickler 

ectors 

It  the 

ne-xt  e 

ection  for  sa 

d  township  o 

The 

first  electioi 

was 

held  at 

the     pn 

ilic-ho 

ise  of 

Christ 

Hershcv,  M 

irch 

20,  181i; 

and  tl 

e     foil, 

wing- 

mime. 

persons    ele 

■ted 

toWllshil 

olhce 

s:    ,lol 

u   .M. 

Suiiin 

y,  justice  of 

he   1 

eaee  lor 

ive  vei 

rs;    .)o 

m  F. 

Hum. 

"hris 

.Stehiie 

nand.l 

iilfcr. 

assistant  assessors  ; 

D.iii 

■1  l.ietl 

md   Ml 

tbias  HoUer, 

Benjamin  Stauticr,  lor  two  years;  and  George  V>.  Sho- 
ber,  Esq.,  for  three  years;  (Jhrist.  Stehinan  and  Isaac 
StanfTer,  school  directors  for  one  year;  Jidi'ii  Hostet- 
terand  Christ.  Kreiter,  f.ir  two  years;  George  Dutt, 
Joseph  Erb  (rcsigncdj,  lor  three  years;  Christ, 
llershey,  townshi|.  cleik;  .lohn  S|.ickler,  constable; 
Christ.  Stehmau,  judge;  Isaac  lloUinger  and  Jacob 
Neavling,  inspectors  fVn-  Lint/,  di-tiict.  The  second 
election  was  held  at  the  same  place,  March  19,  1S47, 
and  the  following-named  persons  elected  township 
oHicers:  John  F.  Huiniiier,  assessor ;  Jesse  McMulliii, 
constable;  Jacob  Cross  and  Abr.  Miiuiicli,  supervisors; 
Peter  Reist,  auditor;  John  Kemper,  Isaac  Stiuitfer, 
Henry  Suavely,  school  .liieetors;  Cbri-t.  lleishey, 
township  clerk;  John    II.  .Spiekler,  judge  ;   Augustus 


Hall   and   Martin   ILiinbr 
district. 

Act  of  184>;,  p.  01,  set 
qualified  electors  lU'  the 
eounlv  <d- Lancaster,  shall 


at  the  i)ublic-house  of  Clin-^t.  Her^hey,  in  said  town- 
ship." Signed  by  William  F.  Paekei.  .-Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Representative-;  William  Williamson, 
Speaker  of  the  Senate,  .\pprove.l  the  loth  day  of 
February,  1S4S,  Francis  K.  .Sliiink,  Governor. 

After  the  pa.s.sage  of  this  act  all  elections  were  held 


I  lie 


from  1.S48  to  1883.  Names  of  all 
the  peace:  John  Hummer,  lS.-,();  I 
1852;  John  N.  Fbv,  is:.:;;  i:.  H.  ( 
David  Kaulfman,  IsOC;  II.  K.  Hull, 
i^ab  aii.l  S.  .1.  Beard,  ISHS;  l,raelG.  1 
Beard,  bs';;;  S.  J.  Beard  and  .\atli. 
Jacob  Mace  and  N.  S.  B.,ddor|-,  lss:i. 
School  directors:  John  llusiettel 
Hofler,  1848;  Bcniamin  StaiiHer,  Ge 
Fs.p,  184:1;  John  Ifer-heyand  Martin 
Matthias  Holler  and  Isaac  Staiiller,  1,' 


PENN    TOWNSHIP. 


1003 


:iml  Peter  Gibble,   1852;  John  Ilershey  an.l   JIartin 
Ilersliey,  1853. 

iM-oin  1853  to  18G4  the  township  reconl  is  missin^ 
At  the  .  lertion  lichl  at  tlie  |.uhlic-li..n-e  now  licpt  liy 
.(iccnh  l;u-MT,  April  11,  l^iU,  n.r  ~ilio,,l  diirctors, 
Al.rulKiiii  Miiniicli  a.ul  ilei.ry  Siiavcly  urn-  rhusuii  ; 
anil  iho-r  Mib-rquentiy  eieitteil  unv  l>avi,l  Heck 
and  Aihlriw  A.  Zusj,  1865;  Jesse  (uhhle  aii.l  lleiiiy 
E.  Stehiuaii,  ISGG;  Peter  Sellers,  David  Eichhult/., 
and  Henry  Connelly,  1807  ;  John  M.  Stehman  and 
E.  S.  Sahni,  18(38;  H.  S.  Snavely  and  James  Boyd, 
1809.  The  .same  year  an  ehctimi  was  liuld  in  Oeto- 
her,  and  Jonas  B.  Erb  and  ,lur„l,  II.  .■sni,  kl.r  . dec- 
ted  school^ direotors.  John  .M.  .'-^l.-hnian  and  E.  ^. 
8alim,  1870.  (No  record  of  1871.)  John  S.  Weidman 
and  James  Boyd,  1872;  Jonas  15.  Erl)  and  John 
(Ireyhill,  1873;  John  B.  Reist  and  Jacob  Iv  I'.clun, 
1>!74;  J.  G.  Cassel  and  Charles  Piehm,  1875;  John 
JI.  Cassel  and  Jonas  B.  Erb,  1870  ;  Cyrus  R.  Dnhncr 
and  Samnel  Shirk,  1877;  S.  S.  llauenstein  and  Sam- 
uel D.  Holler,  1878;  Henry  E.  Hershey  and  Samuel 
H.  Erb,  1879;  Samuel  Shirk  and  Joseph  Hernly, 
1^80;  Geor.L'e  HeruKUi  aiulD.  E.  Shimpi;  1881;  Sam- 
uel II.  Ihli  an,l  Jnhu  II.  Krcidcl,  ISSl';  I'ctcr  /,. 
Hrrsh,.y  and  ,l<.-cph  II.  Ilcruly,  HS:;.  Supcivi-ors  : 
Havid  \Vcidinan  .and  Jarnl,  llrrt.ly,  1S4S;  .lacobErli  _ 
and  John  IJainhcruvr,  ls};i:  I-;,ac  l;,tnilicrger  auil  ,  this 
Jacob  Kitler,  IS.Ml;  W'illiai.i  .-^chrciner  and  Christ,  j  smitl 
Her^hev,  l.S.-.l;    lieujamin  Bodd.u  t  and  Ijnil  Keener,   '  beaul 


,  and   the  d 
the   iutersc 


ling  and 
and  de- 


The  town  contains  the  famous  White  Oak  Church,  a 
store,  two  hotels,  a.  cuach-works,  a  blacksmith-shop, 
and  eigar-factories.  Tenn  is  located  on  the  same 
road,  al.<*ut  a  mile  east,  and  it  has  a  store,  post-(,fli,'e, 
and  s,.vcral  .private  Imildin--.  Molly  I'lastcrJr's 
hotel  was  the  lir.,l  known,  an. I  was  famous  in  its  time 
as  the  headcimirtcrs  for  the  numulainccr^.  This  ,,ld 
and  well-known  hotel  was  formerly  located  in  the 
village  of  Pe 
Jnnctioti  is 
Columbia  and  La 

rived  its  name  from  the  juiu'tion  of  the  two  roads. 
This  is  a  new  iilacu  byname.  It  had  its  oriiriu  in 
l.S(i7,  when  the  L.tncaster  Branch  Railroad  was  built, 
and  it  is  quite  a  flourishing  place.  H.  S.  Suavely, 
one  of  the  descendant^  of  the  original  Smively  family 
here,  is  running  a  large  steam-  and  water-power  tlonr- 
ing-miU  at  this  place,'  with  a  grain  elevator  attached 
of  a  capacity  of  about  eight  thousaml  bu-liel-.  Idie 
mill  was  fir»t  built  by  Jacob  Snavely  in  l.si)7.  and  run 
w  ith  water-power  until  very  recently.  Here,  too,  is 
the  phue  where  the  first  apple-jack  in  the  township 
is  >uppo>ed  to  have  been  distilled,  but  only  the  spot 
wluM-e  the  !ife-pre>erving  spirits  were  di-tilled  re- 
main^. ,r.  S.  ller^hey,  a  descendant  of  the  i)ioneer 
Her,-hev,  is  carrying  on  the  mercantile  business  at 
■.  I!e-ides  llicse  there  are  a  hotel,  black- 
p,  warehouse,  and  i  oal-yard,  and  a  very 
railr.iad  .Icpot  ha-,  been   creeled  within    the 


ls5:"i.       la-t    lew 


.Mc 


1S52;  Emil    Keener   and    Benjami 

(No  record  from   1853  to   18(i4.)   lie 

and  Joseph   Connelly,  1804  ;   1!.  Mciiuaid   and    ICmil  j  the  finest  limestone   farii. 

Keener,  1805;  Ellas  E.  Reist  ami  .lacol.  L.  Dommoy,      the  county  of  Lancaster, 

1.S06;    satne  for  1807;  P.M.  Will    ami   11.   Ilelman,  |  thriving  little  village   is 

1808;  Ellas  E.  Reist  and  P.M.  Will,  1809;  election   '   Hershey  farm  ;  populalic 

of  October,  1809,  Josiah  H.  Gibble  and  Peter  M.Will;  ■  five.     Lime  Rock,  merel 

I'.enjamin  J.  Mcljuaid  and  Emil  Keener,  1870;  Benja-  !  railroad,    about   one  mil 

mill  J.  .Mc(^iaid  and  George  Herman,  1872.  ( .\o  recon 

of  IS71.I    .Vbram  R.  Hershev  and  Jacob  Krall,  I.ST:; 

Henry  II.  ( 'a^-cl   and  Jacob   Krall,  1874;    lleiiiy   H 

Cissel  and  Abrum   E.  Belim,  1875;    Henry  H.  (  a.-e 

and   Emil    Keener,    1870;     Henry    !•:.    llcr^hcy    am 

William    B.    Miller,    1.S77-8S;    Samuel    Hiclim    am 

Thomas  Kcath,187'.l;  A.  A.  Zook  and  Samuel  Dielim 

IS.mi;   same  in  issl  ;    William  B.  .Miller  and  4'boma 

Kealh,    1.SS2;    V.    R.    .Met/.er  and    William    II.  .Miller 

188;;. 

Villages  and  Hamlets.— There  are  three  smal 
towns  of  note,  Peiin,  rnionville,  and  .hincti.m 
Unionville  is  by  fiir  the  oldest  town,  computing  Iron 
the  time  tlie  church  near  by  was  built,  lis  lime  i> 
beginning  was  about  one  hundred  and  liliy  year 
back,  and  it  has  changeil  names  several  lime-,  bavin: 
been  originally  called  White  Oak,  whi.h  name  i 
still  given  to  another  little  hamlet  about  one  mil, 
west  of  it.  Unionville  is  built  on  the  old  Xewpori 
road,  leading  toaMount  IIoi^c  Furnace.  This  was  ,,m 
of  thecddotand  most  implntani  thoroughfares  known 
and  it  is  now.'.illed  the  l.ititz  and  Mount   Hope  road 


.liimbi 


de  west  of  Litit/.,  was  lirst 
breated  by  Dr.  J.  C.  Brob.st  in  the  year  1880,  who 
erected  a  commodious  warehouse,  ticket-office,  post- 
oltice,  blacksmith-shop,  and  other  buildings.  The 
place  has  a  eoal-vard,  and  large  drawing  and  other 
limekilns.  Over  fifteen  thousand  bushels  of  lime 
are  burned  here  auiinally.  Thi-  place  is  fimous  for 
large  quantities  of  limestone,  which  yiebl  ninety-two 
per  cent,  of  lime,  l.irge  quantities  of  which  ar,; 
.-hipped  annuallv.  .\  vein  of  moulding  sand,  ten 
leet  high  and  eight  feet  wide,  is  also  toumi  at  this 
place.  The  land  originally  belonged  to  the  <  iable 
familv,  and  the  place  was  named  because  .if  the  iii- 
exhaustible  ,piaiility  of  limcloiie  there.  .Mount 
\'ernoii,  half  a  mile  south  of  l.ime  bock  (with  a 
hotel,  cigar-h.ctorv,  and  blaeksnuth-sli(q.),  Souders- 
lown,  and  White  Oak  are  small  hamlets  otf  the  rail- 
ro.ad.  The  iour  po>t-ollice,  are  Peiin,  White  Dak, 
.1  unction,  and  Lime  liock. 

Schools.-The  system   of  education  in   Penn  b.wn- 


hre. 


1004 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


per  pupil.    The  buildings  were  small,  dingy  log  cabins 

and  old  meetiiig-Iiouses.     The  school  apparatus  con-  \ 

sisted  of  several  ilat  tables  ;  a  1 

a  capacity  of  holding  very  near 

of  wood ;    a  (aw   books,  such   ; 

Hook,  Rose  and  Pike  Aritlnneti 


Tge  wood-stove,  with 
one-fourth  of  a  cord 
s  Byerly's  Spelling- 
s,  some  very  old  Ger- 

tliose  days  that  sarred  book  was  used  as  a  class-book ; 
a  slate-pencil,  oltentimes  made  out  of  a  gravel-stone; 
a  goose-quill,  a  solution  of  indigo  for  ink,  and  about 
six  sheets  of  pajier  (foolscap)  sewed  together  for  a 
copy-book;  no  blacklmard,-.  A  teacher  siiitalile  to 
the  times,  often  a  \vorn-,.ut  day  laU.avr,  wlm  wa. 
obliged  to  give  from  three  to  tuur  le=sons  a  day  iii 
reading,  which  was  considered  in  old  days  absolutely 
necessary.  Very  little  attention  was  paid  to  arith- 
metic. Grammar,  geiigra|ihy,  and  mental  arithmetic 
were  not  known,  and  wlu  n  llr^t  iMtriMlucL-d  met  with 
a  powerful  Oppo-itiiin,  whuh  retarded  tliiir  itolmc---. 
in  a  great  measure.  It  \\a,  the  duty  ol  the  teacher 
oftentimes  to  givr  the  pupils  douhle  ncitations,  J'lng- 
lish  and  German,  mo~tly  in  the  Te^talnent.  X(j 
printed  copy-books.  The  teacher  had  to  set  them, 
or,  in  other  words,  head  them,  some  in  mixed  Eng- 
lish and  others  in  Penn.-.ylvania  Dutch,  just  as  parents 
desired.  This  mode  uf  teucliing  went'on  wilii  little 
improvement  umd  uiioul  Is-lS,  when  a  desire  lor 
better  edncaliDii  juanile-led  itself,  and  the  "  free 
school   system"  was   accepted,  and   siine   the  school. 


have  been 

improving, -and  assnmc  a  standaid  c. 

to   anv    in 

the    counlv.     The   ninnbcr  of  school 

eleven,  an 

d    the    term    six    month-,.     No    others 

teachers  w 

ith   perjiianent   cei  tilicates,   or   rank   N 

in  the  pra 

tice  <jf  teaching,  with  a  salary  of  fioiii 

to  §50  per 

month,  are  emploved.     About  53;i  [ni 

of  school 

age  are  in  the  district;    the  average 

centage  of  attendance  is  88;  number  mills  levied 
for  school  purposes,  l.\  ;  total  amount  of  ta.x  levied 
for  school  and  building  purposes  in  1882,  $3343.40  ; 
State  appropriation,  §473.24.  The  school-hotises  are 
all  well  built,  most  of  them  of  brick,  mounted  wdlh  a 
belfry;  have  large  and  commodious  play-grounds,  and 
the  scho(d  ajiparatus  is  of  the  very  best,  modern  im- 
proved desks  and  the  best  series  of  school  iiooks. 

Churches.— There  are  eight  churches  in  the  town- 
ship,— two  .Mennonite,  four  Danker,  one  Episcopal, 
a  Lutheran  and  Reformed  (Union)  at  Unionvilie, 
which  is  by  far  the  oldest  church  known.  Its  history 
dates  back  to  173o,  the  time  the  tirst  church  was  built. 
The  second  was  built  in  the  year  1832  (the  old  one  hav- 
ing been  torn  away).  This  has  since  been  rejuodeled 
and  mounted  with  a  large  bell.  This  ccmgregation 
has  a  small  farm  of  about  twenty-six  acres,  with  im- 
vepromcnts,  be-ide,  the  cliurrli  pro|)erty,  which  is  lield 
jointly  by  the  LuiIk  ran  and  Reformed  congregations. 
Schlatter   gave    tlinn   the  sacriunent  in   1747,  when 


Becker,  Wendel  Laber,  and  Adam  Keener.  Baptisms 
and  coiilirmations  are  recorded  in  the  old  record,  but 
not  communicants.    The  first  baptism  was  in  the  year 


174! 


person 
gati(m 


said  deed  was  made  .March  2tj,  17o2,  the  tract  of  land 
was  surveyed  Dec.  22,  1752,  and  the  deed  was  granted 
Sept.  4,  17GI),  under   King  George   III.,  and   in    the 


The  tollowing  pa-tors  ,,tli, dated  at  this 'chnrch  up 
to  1883:  Revs.  .lolm  W, ,1,1-1,1,, id,  1752-8G;  Anthony 
Hautz,  178(J-;)0;  .lol,„  CI,,!-!,,,!,  Wilms,  1790-1802; 
Charles  Helfen-tcii,,  lso:;^7;  Jol,u  fheobald  Faber, 
1807-19;  Frederick  A.  Herman,  1819-23;  Daniel 
Hertz,  1823-31  ;  .lac. I,  Leymid-trr,  1831-33;  Samuel 
Seihert,  lX33-:!7;  C.  Weiler,  ls:;7-l',l;  Henry  X.  1!. 
Ihdiliston,  lS49-.''ill;  Isaac  Gerhart,  18,-,0-59;  W.  T. 
Gerhart,  1859-70;  arnl  D.  C.  Tobias,  1870-83.  (Am- 
nected  with  this  church  is  one  of  the  largest  ceme- 
teries in  tlie  district.  Over  fifteen  hundred  persons 
lie  hurieil  there  wbos,"  rciiiaiiis  are  marked  with  stones 
of  some  sort,  and  about  half  as  many  more  without 
marks,  as  i-  IVcpicitly  f,iin,l  in  digging  graves, 
when  (d.l  Collins  and  remains  arc  struck.  On  this 
va-t  bnrial-^,(ain,l.  among  the  hundreds  buried  there, 
r, •-;  the  reiiKiiiis  of  the  ancient  Keath,  Kreiner,  Labar, 
r.eckcr,  K,cner,  lla-y,  .Myers,  and   many  other   fain- 


iich 


,1   l,v 


b^st 


l-:pi-ro|,„l   (;i,,irrl,   „t    Mount    ll,,pc   was    principally 

years  ago.     The  .Mcui ite  Chnrcbes  are  lab's  aii<l 

Kauffman's,  the  latter  built  ou  lan,ls  of  Abr.  Kaulf- 
niau,  Esq.,  in  18(10.  The  Dunker  Ghnrchcs  are 
GreybiU's,  Gibble's,  Longnecker's,  and  Kreiler's.  .Vll 
these  cluirches  have  suitable  burial-grounds,  most  of 
them  of  recent  date. 

Many  small  family  burial-places  are  found  on  farms, 
some  in  a  very  dilapidated  condition,  wdiile  others  are 
inclosed  with  subsi:intial  walls  and  sandstone  coping. 
Amoim  thes,-ar.-  I  lie  fdlowiiig:  On  the  farm  of  Sam- 
uel Minnicdi,  where  the  Erbs,  iMinniehs,  and  others 
lie  buried;  on  the  farm  of  Christian  Bucher,  where 
probably  the  oldest  settlers  of  that  part  of  the  terri- 
tory lie  buried.    There  are  no  stones  with  inscriptions, 

the"  place-.  (  hi  lb,'  lanus  of  .^arnuel  G.  Kcllc,-,  .lohn 
IS.  Reist,  aii.l  .fobn  S:,l,ui.  decased,  arc  veiy  neat  and 
well-preserved  fniiily  buri.al-places,  nic-ly  iu,'lu-cd 
with  good  and  subsliintial  stone  wall^and  coping  a,,a 
iron  gates.  In  tl,,-.c  lie  burieil  the  Kclleis,  Kcst-, 
Sahms,    and    others.      Ou     the    farm     of    licnjainin 


VRNN   TOWNSriIP. 


Ilersliey  and  David  Ilostetler  is  a  fine  spociiiien  of 
tliese  family  restiiig-pluccs,  neatly  iiicluscil  witli  an 
iron  fence,  in  which  lie  liurieil  the  Hersheys  nidstly. 
On  the  form  of  David  Hosteller  (proper)  is  one  in- 
closed with  a  stone  wall  substantial  enou;.'h  to  last 
another  hundred  years,  where  the  Hostetters  and 
some  of  tlieir  descendants  lie  buried,  all  dating  hack- 
to  the  early  history  of  the  settlement  of  the  families. 
Many  more  and  smaller  ones  are  found  on  many  other 
farms.  .  !^[ost  of  them  are  well  preserved,  and  the 
places  of  the  dead  marked  with  sandstones  liaving 
Ocrmaii  inscriptions,  the  letterings  of  wdiich  are  so 
much  obliterated  by  time  that  they  cannot  very  easily 
he  made  out. 

The  Manheim  Fairview  Cemetery  figures  very 
jirominently  among  the  fields  of  the  dead  of  recent 
date.  It  is  situated  in  Penn  township,  a  short  dis- 
tance southeast  of  Manheim  borough,  on  an  elevated 
tract  of  land  on  the  south  side  of  the  Manheim  and 
Lancaster  turnpike-road.  This  association  was  char- 
tered by  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  of  Lancaster 
County,  May  25,  1874.  "The  corporation  >h,ill  have 
jiower  to  contract  for,  purchase,  and  take  eonvi  yanee 
in  fee-simple  of  land  in  Penn  township,  in  said 
county,  )iot  exceeding  twenty  acres  in  the  whole." 
The  cemetery  is  nicely  laid  out  in  blocks  and  walks, 
and  otherwise  ornamented.  The  slope  of  the  ground 
is  northward,  and  the  cemetery  can  be  seen  for  miles. 
The  first  managers  were  Abraham  Kline,  John  M. 
Dunlap,  Jacob  H.  Kline,  Moses  G.  Miller,  J.  B.  Bom- 
bcrger,  D.  F.  Hamaker,  and  F.  R.  White ;  first  officers : 
President,  Abraham  Kline;  Secretary,  John  M.  Dnn- 


Jae 


II. 


Israel  (I.  Erb,  secretary  ;  Israel  Zartman,  treasurer; 
.lolin  L.  Mohler,  Martin  Melzler,  and  Ephraim  S. 
Hoover,  Esqs.  The  company  has  been  in  a  very 
nourishing  condition,  and  hail  a  total  value  of  prop- 
erty insured  on  the  :;l-t  of  December,  1.^-^2,  of  fifteen 

hundred  and  twenty-even  dollars.  It,  lindts  are  the 
houn.laries  of  Lancaster  (  Vinnty. 

The  Fanners'  Creamery  Company  of  Manheim 
(Limited).— The  manufacture  of  butter  and  cheese 
was  commenced  in  Penn  township  in  March,  1883,  by 
tlie  above-named  company,  which  erected  a  very  fine 
building  expressly  for  that  purpose  in  the  beginning 
of  1S83,  a  short  distance  southeast  of  Manheim  bor- 
ough, and  fitted  up  the  same  with  all  the  latest  im- 
proved machinery  best  adapted  for  the  production  of 
pure  and  good  butter  aiul  cheese,  at  a  cost  of  ten 
thousand  dollars.  An  eight  horse-power  engine 
moves  the  machinery.  The  main  building  is  two 
stories,  thirty-six  by  thirty-seven  feet,  with  a  wing 
sixteen  by  thirty-six  feet,  one  and  a  half  stories  high, 
and  an  engine-house  fourteen  by  twenty-two  feet. 
Whire's  circular  cheese  vat,  Burrel  &  Whitman's 
milk  vats,  and  Blanchard's  churn  are  used.  To  these 
machines  is  added  a  Danish  Centrifugal  Cream  Sep- 
arator, a  powerful  machine  that  takes  the  cream  out 
of  the  milk  immediately.  This  creamery  eiuploys 
four  men.  The  names  of  the  officers  and  directors  of 
this  creamery  are  John  B.  Heist,  president;  Ellas  E. 
Heist,  treasurer;  Amos  H.  Iler-hcy,  secretary;  Jacob 
P.  Hostetter  and  David  i:.  Shimp,  mendiers  of  the 
board. 


Jacob  Weidman. 

Corporations.— The"  Penn  Township  Mutual  Fire 
Iii^uranei-  A <-.. elation  of  Lancaster  County"  is  a  char- 
tered in-tilntion,  organized  on  the  2d  day  of  .Fnne, 
isiid,  eliartcr  granted  by  the  Court  of  ('<ininioii  I'leas 
.\iX'^.  lo,    1870.     The  first  hoaid  of  direetor>,  ,l,eleMl 

persons':  Daniel  Lcaman  and  Mo,,es  l.iLdit.  f.n  tliiee 
years;  Gabriel  Gingrich  :,nd  Jol,n  I).  Cibl.to,  for 
two  years;  Samuel  Leaman  and  .I,.>epli  (lil.hto,  lor 
one  year.  Gabriel  Gingrich  was  appointed  tlii'  lirst 
secretary  of  the  company,  and  served  nnlil  Nov,  ('>, 
ISIili,  when  he  resigned',  an<l  K.  II.  Cin-ruJi  was 
api")inted  in  his  stead.  He  served  until  Feb.  ::,  IsCil, 
at  wliieli  time  he  resigned,  and  was  snrceede  I  by 
.Moses  Light,  who  served  until  June  Ki,  i^''>>'>.  John 
y\.  Stehman,  Esq.,  was  appointed  in  [ilaee  of  l.iijlit, 
re-iLTned,  and  served  in  this  capaeity  nnlil  De.-.  I, 
|Si;i;,  at  which  time  Israel  G.  Erb  wa-  appointe.l  sec- 
retary ,,ro  Irm.  until  June  2,  iMis,  when  In-  was 
unanimously   elected   secretary   and   trea-nrer  of   the 

June   .\'lS„;i,   when    he   was    elcetcl    a   diieclor,   and 

holds.  The  present  l.onrd  id' ,lireet,n.  eonMMs  <,f  Ihe 
following    persons;    .Jacob    II.    Ilersliey,    president; 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES. 

.4I;UAI1.\M    K.Al'FF.\I.\N,    KsQ. 

Abraham   Kaulfmaii,  s,,n  of  David   Kanllinan,  was 

born    in   l:a|.ho   towij-hip,   Lancaster  C<i.,   March  30, 

then  the  .,ontliwe~tern  part  of  Warwick,  now  Penn 
toun^bip,  where  Abraham  h.as  lived  up  to  this  time. 
His  father  died  Jan.  lo,  IX-lli,  aged  scventy-five  years, 
one  month,  and  eight  days.  His  mother  ilied  March 
11,  1807,  aged  eighty-seven  years,  two  months',  and 
twenty-six  days.     He  was  brought  up  to  agricultural 

being  intrusted  with  >cveial  minor  positions,  until 
is:j,'-.,'wlien  he  was  elected  to  the  Hou-e  of  Represen- 
tatives. 

It  was  during  this  >e>sion  that  the  lirst  a|.propria- 
lion  was   made  towards  ^ nneiicing  the  Gettysburg 


Kailr 


here  he 
ntv  in  t;i 
d  it,  and 


;  a  stand  against  it,  while 
tinned  K,  do'  so  during  the 
■second  -cs.^ion  lie  \\ a-  in  the  llotrse.  After  giving  his 
hi^l  vole  again-t  it,  in  l^^oS,  he  )nit  his  reasons  for  so 
doing  on  the  .lourual,  April  111,  1S3S.  (Page  1151!, 
House    Journal.)     It   may   he  stated    that  after  the 


1006 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTP]R   COUNTY. 


State  luid  expumloil  nearly  one  million  ilollurs  on  llie 
douhtful  project,  it  was  abandoned.  IK-  \va,  a,i;aiii 
elected  to  llie  Hoii.se  of  Representatives  in  lt;:!i;.  Ii 
was  during  this  session  that  the  siirplns  revenue  uf 
the  United  State-,  hy  n.-ulntiun  of  (.'iingres.s  (se.ssion 
of  18;35-3G)  distril.u!iii-  -aid  Mirplu-  am.ing  the  sev- 
eral States,  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  Legislature. 
ronnsylvania's  share  being  nearly  four  million  dol- 
lars, and  wisliing  to  secure  a  portion  of  it  to  the  peo- 
ple direct,  offered  a  joint  resolution,  Feb.  20,  18:i7 
(House  Journal,  vol.  i.  p.  51)3),  authorizing  the  State 
treasurer  to  redeem  two  million  dollars  of  the  State 
indebtedness.  February  23d,  on  motion,  the  said 
resolution  was  considered  in  committee  of  the  whole, 
when,  after  considerable  discussion,  the  opposition 
succeeded  in  having  it  postponed  to  March  13th, 
when  it  could  not  be  reached  again.  At  this  time 
there  was  a  strong  improvement  feeling,  and  log-roll- 
ing became  the  order  of  the  day.  The  said  surplus 
■was  all  scattered  to  various  projects  excepting  five 
hundred  thousand  dollars,  which  was  distributed 
among  the  several  school  districts  of  the  State.  He 
was  again  elected  to  the  House  of  Representatives  in 
1837,  and  again  under  the  new  constitution  in  1843, 
and  served  during  the  session  of  1844.  In  1850  he 
was  elected  a  director  of  the  poor  for  Lancaster 
County.  He  was  re-elected  in  1853,  and  was  presi- 
dent of  the  board  dtaring  the  last  five  years.  Feb. 
11,  18(55,  he  a.ssisted  in  organizing  the  Manheim 
National  Bank,  of  which  institution  he  has  been 
president  fourteen  years.  In  1869-70  he  was  travel- 
ing over  the  western  jiortion  of  the  United  States  as 
far  as  California,  and  the  same  year  made  a  donation 
to  the  borough  of  Manheim  of  three  acres  of  wood- 
hind  containing  a  spring  of  water,  near  said  town,  to 
be  used  as  a  public  grove.  This  the  town  Council 
properly  named  after  the  donor. 

JACOIi  iM.  EBERLY. 
The  earliest  representatives  of  the  Eberly  family 
emigrated  from  Germany  to  America  during  the  year 
1700.  They  were  followed  by  others,  among  whom 
was  Michael  Eberly,  whose  son  Henry  was  married 
to  a  daughter  of  Ulrich  Burkhard,  and  resided  upon 
land  now  owned  by  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  in  con- 
junction with  his  brothers  and  sisters.  The  birth  of 
Henry  occurred  in  1718,  and  his  death  in  1758.  His 
three  sons  were  Henry,  John,  and  Jacob.  The  last- 
named  was  born  Jan.  27,  1752,  and  died  Dec.  2,  1810. 
He  married  Anini,  daughter  of  Jlichael  Witmer,  their 
nuptials  having  occurred  Nov.  20,  1781.  Their  chil- 
dren were  Henry,  born  in  1782;  Mary,  in  1784;  Anna, 
in  1787;  Jacob,  in  1700;  John,  in  170(3;  and  Henry, 
in  ]7;w.  Jac.li  iCberly,  who  is  the  father  of  the  sub- 
ject of  this  biography,  was  born  Hec.  30,  17',iO,  mi  the 
homestead.  He  at  an  early  age  acquired  tlie  trade  of 
a  blacksmith,  and  later^  beeamo  a  farmer.  He  mai- 
ried   I'anny,  daughter  of  David  Jlellinger,  of  .Manor 


township,  on   the   loth   of  February,    1.S19,  and  had 

childieii:    .Vnna    M.,   born   Jan.    0,   ISl'll;    David    .M., 

wli..se  birth  oceiinrdSrpt.:io,l,S21  (ileeeascd);   ICliza- 

betli  M,,  born   Nov.   21,  ISii;  .laioli   M.  ;   Fanny  iL, 

born   Oct.    1,   ls2i;:   .fohn    M.,   wlio^e   birth    occuri'ed 

!  Feb.  21,   1*:0;    llrnj.iiuiii    M.,  l)..rn   July  31,   1832; 

-  Christian  M.,  born  Feb.  2,  1835  (deceased)  ;  and  Peter 

!  M.,  wlio  died  in  infancy.     Jacob  M.  was  Ijorn  (3et.  1, 

1826,  and  spent  his  boyhood  on  the  farm  which  was 

I  origiiuilly  purchased  from  the  government  by  Ulrieh 

I  Burkhard,  and  has  been  for  generations  in  possession 

of  the  family.    His  advantages  of  education  were  such 

as  were  afforded  by  the  early  schools  of  that  jieriod, 

after  which  he  assisted  his  father  at  the  blacksmith's 

I  craft,  and  also  gave  substantial  aid  in  the  cultivation 

of  the  land. 

On  the  death  of  his  parent,  which  occurred  Oct.  14, 

1867,  he,  with    others  of  the    family,  inherited    the 

j  paternal  estate,  which  they  still  own  and  cultivate, 

with  Jacob  M.  as  business  manager. 
I       In  politics  Mr.  Eberly  was  formerly  a  Democrat, 
j  and  later  embraced  the  jirinciples  of  the  Uepubliean 
party,  though  not  actively  interested  in  the  political 
issues  of  the  day. 

Much  of  his  leisure  is  devoted  to  literary  pursuits, 
his  fine  library  of  thirteen  hundred  volumes  embracing 
all  the  standard  works  on  history,  science,  art,  and 
religion,  together  with  the  best  editions  of  modern 
and  contemporary  poets.  The  curi'ent  periodicals  of 
the  day  are  also  found-upon  bistable.  Jlr.  Eberly 
was  educated  in  the  Mennonite  faith,  and  is  still  one 
of  its  devout  adherents,  and  a  member  of  the  Old 
Mennonite  Church. 


CHAPTER    LXXI. 

i'eqVe.\  township. 

Geography  and  Topography.— This  is  one  of  the 
several  interior  townships  of  the  county,  and  lies 
south  of  the  county-seat,  between  Pequea  and  Con- 
estoga  Creeks.  It  was  originally  a  part  of  Conestoga 
township,  aud  organized  into  a  separate  municipality 
in  1853. 

It  is  bounded  on  the  northeast  by  West  Lampeter, 
southeast  by  Providence,  south  by  Martic,  southwest 
by  Conestoga,  aud  north  and  northwest  by  Lancaster 
township.  The  surface  of  the  township  is  somewha: 
rolling,  and  the  soil  well  adapted  to  agricultural  pur- 
poses. Large  quantities  of  corn,  hay,  oats,  and  wheat 
are  produced  from  its  fertile  soil,  and,  in  fact,  Pequea 
ranks  among  the  best  farming  districts  in  Lancaster 
County.  Picsides  the  agricultural  products  of  the 
township,  Pequea  is  noted  throughout  this  section  of 
country  as  producing  the  best  cmality  of  stone  lime 


./ 


tffZ'-  «^ 


^ 


PEQURA  TOWNSHIP. 


l,bi 


townsliip  is  (Iniined    by  the  requeu  :iu 
Creeks  and  tlieir  sniull  trilmturir-^. 

Tlie  Pequea  Creek,  lidiu  wlncli  the  t 
rives  its  name,  tonus  the  north  ami  i 
boundary,  wiiile  the  Conestoga  the  s(jiitl 
eastern  boundary.  There  are  no  extnii 
points  in  tliis  township,  the  higlie^t  of 
ever,  is  proljably  Mount  Pajiuissus,  abi 
southeast  from  West  WiUuu-  vilhicre. 

The  tgwnship  i.s  traversed  from  norlliu 
east  by  the  Lancaster  ami  i^Juanyville  U, 
in  1875  and  later. 

Pioneer  Settlers  in  Pequea.— Just  when  the 
sturdy  pioneer  wedded  his  way  to  what  is  now  Pe- 
quea township  and  "  warranted  his  tract,"  or  "staked 
out  his  claim,"  is  not  delinitely  known,  yet  it  was 
some  time  prior  to  17S0,  as  the  assessment-roll  of  that 
year  for  old  Conestoga  township,  of  which  Pe(]uea 
was  then  a  part,  contained  the  names  of  the  following 
land-owners,  assessed  in  that  year,  and  located  as 
stated  below.  The  valuation  of  ivrojierty  was  at  that 
time  in  pounds,  shilling.--,  and  pence,  and  may  appear 
at  tirst  sight  to  be  enormous,  but  when  we  take  into 
consideration  the  fact  that  it  was  then  that  the  col- 
onists were  in  the  midst  of  a  desperate  struggle  for 
inijeiiendt'uce,  and   large   revenues  had  to  be   forth- 


1   Conestoga 

land,  al)out 

iwnship  de- 

low   village, 
horses,  value 

Mithwesturn 
and   s,.nth- 
rlv  elevat.Ml 

I'arin  is. now 

man.  and  Al 

Adam   Bix 

;  mile  west  of  what  is  now  West  Wil- 

lued  at    Cl'MK     He   also   owned   two 

alued  at  i;400,  and  two  cows  at  £150.     The 

by  Abram  Hare,  .Tolin  L.  Brene- 


rry 


strn 


John  Bare  located  in  tlir  northwest  part  (jf  what 
is  now  Pequea  township,  owned  twip  humli-.-d  and 
sixteen  acres  of  land  valued  at  i:~'>i»i,  live  hor>es 
valued  at  £1000,  and  seven  cows  valued  at  £."iOO.  The 
old  plantation  is  now  owned  liy  Jonas  llarnisli  and 
Jacob  Stehnian. 

Jacob  Bare  located  near  his  brother  John,  and 
owned  two  hundred  acres  of  land,  valued  at  CSiiim, 
two  horses  valued  at  £600,  and  one  cow  at  £100.  The 
old  Jacob  Bare  farm  is  now  owned  by  David  Landis. 

John  Behm  (the  name  is  now  spelled  Beam)  located 
on  ninety  acres  of  land,  valued,  in  1780,  at  £2500, 
and  owned  two  horses  valued  at  £(i00,  and  five  cows 
at  £4(10.  This  farm  was  in  the  Behm  (or  Beam)  fam- 
ily lor  many  years,  when  it  was  sold  to  a  j\lr.  Charles, 
who,  a  i'ew  years  ago,  sold  it  to  other  parties. 

Jacob  Behm  located  near  John  Behm,  in  what  is 
now  Pequea  township,  and  nwncil  two  luindied  acres 
of  land,  which  was  valurd  at  iC.ooii.  11,.  also  owned 
two  horses  valued  al  L't'.nu,  and  live  eous  al  l-lon. 
John  Beam  was  the  la-l  of  that  name  that  own.d 
this  farm,  which  was  al>.,  M,ld  to  a  .Mr.  Cliaiir.,  and 
bv   him   divided   into   lli.ee   tracts,  and   sold   to   other 


St    W 


of 


miles  west  from  the  |.resent  ^V 
Station,  and  ouned  one  hundr 
land,  valued  at  fdnoi).  The  l: 
farm  is  now  owned  by  Abrain  Hare. 

.fohn  Burkholder  was  possessed  of  one  hundred 
and  eighty-four  acres  of  land,  situated  a  short  dis- 
tance west  from  what  is  now  West  Willow  Railroad 
Station  and  iiost-otlice,  ami  valued  at  £6550,  three 
horses  valued  at  CUhmi,  and  eight  cows  at  £1000. 
The  farm  is  now  in  the  possession  of  Henry  G.  Rush 
and  children. 

Plenry  Deitrich  located  upon  one  hundred  and 
ninety-eight  acres  of  land,  through  which  the  Lan- 
caster and  Quarryville  Railroad  now  runs,  in  front  of 
the  residence  of  Andrew  Jlehaffy,  at  West  Willow 
Station,  valued  at  £7000.  He  also  owned  one  horse 
assessed  at  £400,  and  four  cows  at  £600.  The  farm 
is  now  owned  by  John  Sehnor,  or  Saner. 

Christian  Fnrry  lived  one  mile  west  from  West 
Willow  Station,  and  in  1780  owned  two  hundred  and 
fifty  acres  of  land,  valued  at  £8500,  four  horses  valued 
at  £1000,  and  six  cows  valued  at  £1000.  The  farm 
is  now  owned  by  John  B.  -Myers. 

Jacob  Gochenaiier  lived  at  the  lower  end  of  what  is 
now  Pecpiea  township,  and  owned  one  hundred  and 
thirty  acres  of  land  valued  at  £3000,  three  horses 
valued  at  £700,  and  three  cows  at  £300.  The  pres- 
ent owner  of  the  plantation  is  Jacob  Idelbach. 

Henry  Goclienauer  located  in  the  east  part  of  the 
townsliip,  and  owned  fifty  acres  of  .land  valued  at 
£11^00,  two  hor-e-  valued  at  I.IHO,  and  three  cows  at 
£300. 

Peter  Good  lived  in  lower  end  of  the  township,  on 
one  hundred  and  fifty  acres  of  land  now  owned  by 
Henry  Good,  then  valued  at  £5200.  He  also  owned 
two  horses  valueil  at  LoOO,  and  three  cows  valued  at 
£300. 

John  Good  lived  mar  PeterGood's,andowned sixty- 
three  acres  of  land  valued  at  £2700,  three  horses  at 
£(;i)(l,  and  two  cows  at  £300.     The  real  estate  is  still 

.lacol,  llarnisli  was  the  owner  of  four  hundred  and 
forly-tive  aere.-.  of  land  viduial  at  £i;.'itiO,  two  horses 
value.l  at   £.-.n(l,  and  four  cows  at   foOO. 

.laeob   Jlarnish,   .Ir.,   owned    one    hundred   acres  of 


John  Baehma 
what  i>  now  W 
(iuarryville  Uai 
valued  at  £800,  i 
£200.     The  land 


iiKi  owned  two  acres  i 
rse  at  £200,  and  two 
'  owned  by  Tobias  l/ai 


Michael-  llarnisli    was   possessed   of  one   liiindn 

iws  at  £500.     The  old  Harnisli  plantatiims  are  st 
I  possession  of  the  Haruish  family. 
Rlelchor   Hachman    owned    one    hundred  acres 


1008  HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 

and  valued  in  1780  at  t:2000.     He  also  owiie.l  tlirco  !  Kiiidi.ir  owned  in   17S0  one  hundred  and  seventy-five 

horse.s  valued  at  .£500,  anil  two  cows  at   fSOO.     The  !  aeies  of  hind,  valued  by  the  a^.^ess(n■s  at  t;70llO,  three 

■  present  owner  of  the  farm  is  Amos  MeCallister.  \  horses  at  £700,  ;uid  three  emvs  at  £;iOO. 

John   He.ss   lived   near   the   southwest   line  of  the  Harnish   Family.— David    llarni^ll    lived    on    the 

pre.sent   township,  and  owned  sixty  aeres  valned   at  fane    nnw   owned    hy   Mieliael    C.    llarni.li,   a   little 

.£10(10,  twi.  horses  valued  at  .£400,  and  three  ...w^  .it  si.ulli   <,f  W'-i  Willuw.     li.ivid   |.iiivli;i-,.d  tliis  f;irni 

.£200.     .laeidj   Cood   is   the   present  owner  <,(  the  n|d  <>(  a  .Mr.  IS.Tker.  who  was  tlie  warrantor  of  the  firni. 

Hess  faini.  'I  he  farm  eanie   in   p,,s,e-^ion   of  .Mirliael  ( i.  l.v  will, 

John  llnl.erowne.l  sixty  aeres  of  land  loeated  near  trom    his    lather,    in    about    LS",!).     Theeliildren    of 

what  i.,   now   I'eiinea  t^latioii,  on   the   l.an.aster  and  Kavid    Harnish    were   .Martin,   the   ..Ide-t,   who    niar- 

Qiiarryville  Railroad,  valued  in  17.S0  at    £2."jno.     He  ried    a    Mi-    W'eavej-,    and     .lied     many    years    ago. 

also  owned  four  horses   valued  at   £10oo,  and  three  l>a\id,   .li.,    is   also   de.el.     He   married    Miss    Polly 

cowsati:500.    Thelandisnowowne.l  hy.Iolm  Huber,  .Maynard,  who  also  died.     Jaeob,  now  living  in  Han- 

a  descendant  of  tiie  original  owner.  easier,  married  for  his  first  wife  Miss  Hettie  Harnish, 

Michael  Ilaberstich  loeated  in  the  northwest  part  but  of  what  family  we  were  not  informed,  iliehael 
of  wduit  is  now  Pequea  townshij)  on  two  hundred  and  :  ('<.,  the  next  sou  still  li\iiig,  was  born  on  the  old 
fifty  aeres  of  land,  now  owned  by  Abram  Suavely  and  ^  homestead  .\|.ril  i;,  l>o7.  Hi-  uile  was  ICJizabetli, 
Daniel  Grotf,  which  was  valued  in  )7So  at  £4500.  Mr.  daughter  of  .Vbram  Wortel,  win.  died  Mareli  Xi,  ISs;]. 
Haberstieh  alsoowncd  six  horses  valued  at  £1000,  ten  '  .lohu,  the  lilili  son.  died  before  reaching  his  majority, 
cows  at  £1000,  and  one  negro  valued  at  £500.  That  The  two  hi-t  boy-,  dird  ipiite young,  one  at  ten  years 
must  have  been  a  divine  institution  that  classed  and  ol  age,  and  tiie  ..ther  in  infancy,  both  named  Chris- 
rated  hnnian  beings  witii  lioi-es  and  cattle.  .\way  tian. 
with  su(  h  divinity.  The  daughters  of  David   Harnish,  Sr.,   were,  first, 

Abram  Xeweojner  lived  on  his  firm  of  two  hundred  Kli/.abetb,  who  married   Martin    Pare  ;   thev  are  both 

acres,  ju.t    we-t    trom    where   Andrew    Mehally    now  deerased  ;  f'atharine,  married  Jacob  Ploul/.,"  w  lio  died  ; 

lives,   and    his    land    wa.    valued    in    17^0   at    £.siilin.  >he    next   mariie<l    .lohn    Kathv.ui,  and    now   lives   in 

He  also  owned   three   bor-es  valned  at  £0011,  and  two  Michigan;     Fanny,   married    .Martin    Harnish;    they 

cows  at   £2011.     Tln-idd    plantation   is   now  owned   by  now    live   near   .\ew    Danville    .Stiimptown),    Hettie, 

Tobias  Landis.  '  married    Chri-lian    (iood,   ami    moved    to   t.'onestoga, 

.fohn  .M.haliy,  father  .,f  the  now  venerable  .Vndrew  where  he  dir.l  ;  Xaiiey;  Susan,  marrie.l  Jaeob  Krieder, 

Mehally,  located    where    .\ndrew    now    lixes.at    \Ve>t  and  lived  mar  LaiidUville.  where  he  died. 
Willow    Station,   in    about    17.S5.     .Vndrew   « a,    iM.rn  Of  .Michael   (J.    llanii-li'>   lamily  there  was   IJenja- 

011  the  old  liomeslead  Aug.  2,  1,S08,  and  in  due  time  niin,  w  ho-e   lii-l  wile  was   Mi-,-   M'ary    He-s,  and    for 

succeeded  to   his  father's  estate.     He  was  lii>t  mar-  hi- second  wile  he  manied   Mr-,  k'ate  Leonard,  and 

ried,  Aug.  1,  1844,  to  Ann  Sholf,  who  died  .March  l:;,  now  lives  in   llluioi-  ;    D.ivid,   maiiied   -Miss  Parbara 

1850.     He  was  next  married,  June  14,  185;i,  to  (Jath-  Miley,  and  iio»   lives  near  Hollinger's. tannery.  West 

arineSawvillc,  who  is  still  living.     His  children   by  Lampeter    t..\Mi-liip:     Martin,    married    lAUss'  Snsan 

the  first  wife  have  been  Sarah,  Isabella  (deceased),  1  larni-b,  and  lived   in   Pcpiea  until  he  died;  Amo>, 

Ann,  and  Andrew;  by   hi-   present  wife,  Alice   (de-  married   Mi-    L,//i,-    K.  iidi-.  aid   lives  near  Oralfs 

ceased),  Catharine,  llenjamin  Iranklin,  and  KInier.  .Mill-;   Mnharl,   marri.  d     i:ila    1  l..llin..;er,  and   lives 

Penjainin   Suavely,   son   of  Cbri-lian   Suavely,  was  in  Mi-oini;    Abiain    II..  inanied   .Mi-   .Mary  Sliabb, 

born    in  what  is  now  the  village    of  We-t  Willow,  on  and    livr-  .,t   \Vr-t   Willow  ;    Annie,  married    lo    Amos 

the  l:;tlidav<d', laiiiiar\,lsln,  and  in  due  lime  learned  .Maurer,    and    died    m     ISsl;    Li/zie,    marrird    Amos 

iVoiii  his  father  the  blaeksmilh  trade,  al  which  he  has  Hollinger,  proprietor  of  Hollinger's  tannery;    .ALiria, 

worked  in  this  lown-hin  lor  over  lorlv  year-,  he  ha\-  and   two   bo\s,  both    named   Abiam,  died  when   cniite 


all  his  life.  The  Warfel  Family 

i'lm.inmd    Stetl.T  was   b.irn    in  what  is  now  Peipi.M  country     iVom    ( iei man, 

township   ,luiie2t;,  ISII.S,  and    lias   been    a   eontinuou-  town-hip,   one    in    the 

resident  of  this  locality  from  tiiat  lime  to  the  pre-eiit.  north  part  .d'  the  lo«  n- 

HewasniarriedSept.  20,  1827,  to  Miss  Susan,  daiigh-  lied   in   the  north  part 

ter  of  Isaac  Kindig.     They  are  the  parents  of  ten  chil-  (ierma 

dren,  three  of   which   are  living,  vi/..,  Penjamin,  mar-  .S  pt.    ( 

riedl,i//,ie  k'l'eid.r.  Mai  v  ,  married  .b. I, n  (  oMdieiiauer  ;  He  w,a: 

and  Kmanuel.  uho  manied  Mary  Ann  Wal-on.  is  now 

Abram  Kimlig,  one  of  the  pioneer  .settlers  of  tin-  .\pril   : 

township,  located  on  tlic  farm  now  owned  by  Samml  born  M 
Harnish.  He  was  the  •grandfather  of  .Mr-'.  Sootier,  '  17\7,  d 
wife  of  the   now    venerable   Lmanuel    Stetlcr.      .Mr.  1  --I7',I2  ; 


y 

(i,   171.. 

and    ,lied    in    that    tow 

i-iii 

'    1-    marked   Srpt.    Ml, 

?, 

_'eiiitor  I 

f   the  WaMel  fimilv  in 

wh 

own-hi, 

His -on  Abiaham  wa 

ried    Annie   ,  ul 

eirehildieii  were  Maiy 

bo 

1 

r.7.    Tl 

"bo 

11 

;   .laeob 

born    17S'J;    lOlizabetli 

17' 

, 

17'.l2;   K 

raiicis,  17',I4M7'.M;  Abr, 

hai 

PEQUEA  TOWNSHIP. 


■  1796;  Annie,  1798-1811  ;  Christian,  1800-1802;  ]\I;ii- 
tin,  1801-1805  ;  Miirtin,  1804;  Ohiistian,  1806  ;  Frcd- 
erick,  1810-1810;  Maria,  1811;  Elizabeth,  July  8, 
1S14,  married  Michael  G.  Haniish,  now  living  at 
■\\\■^t  Willow,  and  died  March  23,  1883.     (See  Ilar- 

The  Goss  Family. — Peter  Go.ss,  the  progenitor  of 
the  Oosses  in  Lancaster  County,  was  born  in  17r)5. 
lie  located  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  John  Kepdig, 
and  subsetfuently  moved  on  to  the  farm  now  owned 
by  Isaac  Smith,  wdiere  he  died  in  January,  1830.  He 
was  the  lather  of  seven  children,  of  whom  jMichael 
Goss,  now  a  prominent  citizen  of  Pequea,  was  one. 
Michael  was  born  in  September,  1806,  on  the  farm 
now  owned  by  Christian  Smith,  near  West  Willow. 
He  is  the  father  of  twelve  children,  six  of  whom  are 
living.  His  son  Benjamin  now  lives  in  Pequea,  and 
Jacob  in  Limestone.  His  daughter  Ann  married  B. 
Hackman,  and  lives  in  Pequea;  Elizabeth,  single; 
Susan,  married  H.  H.  Beats,  and  lives  in  Hlinois; 
Mary,  married  JL  McGowaii,  and  lives  in  Lancaster 
City. 

JUSTrcES    OF   THE    PKACE 

Jacob  Cljiiik.8,  April  11,  1-51.  Andrew  Meliufly,  April,  ISOa. 

Dmiibl  Fiiltuii,  April  14,  16J7.  ,    J.  M.  Fultun,  Aliril„lS72. 

AnJrew  Meliaffy,  April  12,  1S59.  J.  D,  Landis,  April,  1S74. 

Diiliiul  Fultun,  April  15,  l»b2.  ;    S.  31.  Mjlin,  April,  1^70. 

AuJreu-  JIuliuff}-,  April  n,  |s,H.  li.  F.  Grull,  April,  Ibsu. 

John  51.  Fiilluii,  April  12,  l6r,6.  S.  M.  Mjlin,  April,  IbSl. 

Jului  Huler,  Apiil,  1807.  J.  II.  liro,.!;,,  April,  IBS3. 
F.  1!.  MusMlinan,  Al'ril,  ls.;t,. 

West  Willow. — This  beautiful  and  enterprising 
little  town  is  nearly  miihvay  along  the  northern 
boundary  line  of  the  township,  and  on  the  line  of  the 
Lancaster  and  Quarryville  Railroad.  Among  its 
very  early  settlers  were  Christian  Suavely,  John  Me- 
hatfy,  and  the  Haniish  family.  There  was  nothing 
jieculiarly  attractive  about  the  locality  as  a  commer- 
cial or  manufacturing  centre,  but  merely  the  nearness 
of  two  or  three  settlers  to  each  other  attracted  others, 
and  the  result  is  a  thriving  town  in  the  midst  of  a 
wealthy  agricultural  district.  As  late  as  1820  there 
were  not  a  dozen  dwellings  within  the  limits  of  what 
is  now  the  village.  Its  growth  was  quite  gradual 
from  1820  to  1875,  when  the  building  of  the  Lancaster 
and  Quarryville  Railroad  gave  a  new  impetus  to  the 
little  town,  and  it  now  boasts  of  a  population  of  about 
two  hundred  and  (ifty. 

The  pioneer  merchant  at  this  place  was  Henry 
Huber,  who  kept  a  small  store  in  what  is  now  tlie 
east  part  of  the  village.  His  successors  in  that  part 
of  the  town  were  Peter  Zercher,  Jacob  Charles,  and 
Dr.  Green.  The  old  Huber  store  stood  on  the  site 
now  occupied  by  tlie  residence  of  Martin  ililey. 
^\'llile  ,rncob  Charles  was  in  the  mercantile  business 
he  built  the  store-house  now  owned  and  occupied  by 
the  United  Brethren  as  a  house  of  worship.  The 
ne.xt  merchant  here  was  A.  W.  Harnisli,  who  built 
and  kept  a  store  in  the  ■building  near  the  railroad 
station  now  occupied  by  Andrew  Mehatly,  Jr.,  as  a 


cigar-manufactory  and  confectionery-store.     Ilarnish 

j  was  succeeded  by  Mr.  Stoner,  and  Stoner  by  Joseph 

I  Horr  &  Brother.     They  were  succeeded  in  January, 

I  1883,  by  Henry  S.  Herr,  the  i>resent  merchant,  who 

built  the  "  Herr  I'doik,"  a  substantial  brick  structure, 

in  1S77. 

.\s  near  as  can  be  ascertained  the  pioneer  tavern 
wa^  kept  by  Christian  Snevely  where  .Alichael  Har- 
nisli  now  lives.     His  successors  at  that   place  were 
Benjamin  Snevely,  John    Overbach,   and   Benjamin 
I  Ilaugh.     Benjamin  Martin  was  the  first  tavern-keeper 
j  on  the  site  of  the  present  hotel.     He  was  succeeded 
by  Benjamin  Cochran,  Jacob  Charles,  and  John  Jlar- 
tin,  who  purchased  the  property  in  1875,  and  in  1878 
;  built  the  jjresent   brick  "  West  Willow   Hotel,"    of 
which  he  is  proprietor. 

The  pioneer  blacksmith  at  this  place  was  Christian 
1  Snevely,  who  was  succeeded  by  his  son  Benjamin,  who 
has  carried  on  the  business  nearly  continuously  for 
the  last  fifty  years.     Christian   Snevely's  shop  was 
near  where  Michael  Harnish  now  lives. 
!       The  railroad  station  at  this  place  was  opened  for 
the  transaction  of  business  in   the  spring   of  1875, 
with  A.  H.  Harnish  as  ticket  and  freight  agent.     JI. 
.  B.   Groff  is  the  present  ticket  agent.     The  pioneer 
coal-  and  lumber-yard  was  established  half  a  mile 
north  of  this  ijlace  in  1875  by  Andrew  ilehaffy,  and 
I  in  the  fall  of  1878  he  sold  the  business  to  W.  G.  Mel- 
linger  &  Brother,  who  still  continue  the  business  at 
j  the  old  place,  and  also  own  and  conduct  a  like  busi- 
1  ness  at  Baumgartner  Station. 

Christian  Miley  established   the  harness   business 
in  the  Herr  block  in  the  spring  of  1883. 
!       A  post-office  was  established  at  this  place  April  16, 
'■  1879,  and  was  named  "  West  Willow,"  with  Henry  S. 
Herr  as  postmaster,  who  still  holds  the  ijosition. 

New  Danville. — This  village  is  in  the  northwestern 
part  of  the  township,  four  miles  from  the  city  of 
Lancaster.  In  1830  {(^consisted  of  eleven  dwellings, 
a  tavern,  and  two  smitheries.  The  tavern  was  kept 
by  Christian  Zercher,  in  the  same  building  where 
Jacob  B.  Jliller  now  keeps  a  store.  The  wagon  and 
blacksmith-sluqis  u  ere  eairied  on  by  Jacob  Oyman 
and  Jacob  Jolin=ou.  .Mr.  Zercher's  successors  in  the 
tavern  were  John  Zercher,  Jacob  Heiney,  Michael 
Zercher,  and  Daniel  Grofft,  who  was  the  last  landlord 
in  that  house.  A  hotel  had  been  kept  ten  years  prior 
to  1830  where  Jplin  L.  Breneman  now  resides. 

Daniel  Conrad  established  a  hotel  wdiere  Abram  B. 

j  Harnish  now  resides  about  1840.     In  this  liotel  Isaac 

Reiuey,  Samuel  Shrode,  John  Good,  Abram  Wartle, 

j  William  McAllister,  George  Conrad,  and  Henry  Con- 

I  rad  have  been  landlords. 

I  The  first  store  was  kept  by  John  Uhoier,  who  sold 
i  to  John  Zercher,  and  he  kein  it  for  a  lime  in  his 
I  hotel.  Another  store  was  established  by  Henry 
Herr,  and  both  were  closed  after  a  few  years.  Mr. 
I  Heiner  also  traded  during  a  short  time.  In  1851), 
Daniel  Conrad,  Jr.,  and  Benjamin  Yerdy  established 


1010 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


a  store,  and  since  tliat  time  stores  have  l)een  l;e]it  bv 
William  T.  Yoiiatt,  Robert  Green,  Henry  Conia.l, 
'and  the  present  merchant  here,  Jacob  B.  Millir.  Al 
intervals  the  place  has  been  without  a  store. 

The  wagon-makers  have  been  Jacob  Oyman,  An- 
drew Zercher,  Benjamin  Johnson,  Joseph  ^filler,  Jolm 
Ellmyer,  John  D.  Staiiffer,  and  Abram  Snavely. 

In  another  shop  the  business  has  been  carried  on 
by  Daniel  Conrad,  Jr.,  Charles  Riddle,  Amos  Ilar- 
nish,  and 'John  D.  StautTer. 

Thfe  following  have  been  blacksmiths  here:  Daniel 
Courad,  Benjamin  Conrad,  George  Conrad,  Henry 
Conrad,  James  Johnson,  Samuel  Hess,  Benjamin 
Jlorton,  Jacob  Johnson,  ^Villiam  Rote,  Daniel  Hess, 
and  George  Lutz.  The  present  blacksmiths  are  John 
Myers  and  H.  S.  Hersh. 

The  village  was  formerly  known  as  Stuniptown  ; 
but  when  the  post-oflice  was  established  it  was  chris- 
tened New  Danville,  because,  as  it  is  said,  several 
lieujde  who  bore  the  Christian  name  of  Daniel  re- 
sided here.  The  town  now  has  twenty-four  dwell- 
ings, a  tavern,  a  store,  two  wagon-  and  l)lacksmilh- 
shops,  a  shoe-shop,  and  a  physician. 

Educational. — Just  when,  wdiere,  or  by  whom  the 
pioneer  school-house  in  what  is  now  Pequea  township 
was  built  is  as  profound  a  mystery  to  the  oldest  inhab- 
itants as  the  question  of  who  was  Cain's  wife.  The 
]jrobabilities  are,  however,  that  it  was  somewhere  in 
the  lower  end  of  the  township. 

According  to  the  report  of  the  board  of  school 
directors,  made  the  first  Monday  in  June,  1883,  there 
were  seven  school  districts  and  as  many  school-houses 
in  the  township,  named  as  follows:  Mount  Parnassus, 
Stevens,  Quarry  Hall,  Mount  Washington,  Valley 
School,  Danville,  and  Harmony  Hall.  During  the 
year  ending  in  June,  18S3,  schools  were  taught  seven 
months  by  five  male  and  two  female  teachers,  the 
male  teachers  receiving  forty-four  dollars  and  forty 
cents  per  month,  and  the  females  forty-five  dollars 
per  month.  There  were  in  the  township  one  hun- 
dred and  seventy-seven  male  and  one  hundred  and 
fifty-six  female  pupils  of  school  age,  with  an  average 
attendance  of  ninety-one.  The  rate  of  tax  on  the 
dollar  was  one  and  one-quarter  mills,  and  the  total 
amount  raised  by  tax  for  school  purposes  was  12095.94. 
The  township  received  from  State  appropriation 
S29G.45 ;  from  county  treasurer,  $420.37,  and  balance 
from  previous  year,  $310.79. 

The  expenses  for  the  year  were :  For  books,  etc., 
!?101.56;  rei)airing  school-houses,  $24.23;  teachers' 
salary,  $2184;  contingencies,  $312.62 ;  collector's  and 
treasurer's  fees,  $87.73;  salary  of  secretary  of  school 
board,  $25 ;  e.t  ceteras,  $5. 

The  school  directors  for  1883  were  W.  G.  Jlellin- 


ger,  secretary ;    Jacob   Heidleliach,  tre 
L.  Brenneman,  president;  F.  H.  '-^henk, 
and  Jacob  ^IcCallister. 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church.— In 

iiart  of  the  township  of  Pciiuca  stands 


■;   Job 
Hube 


southern 
Id  house 


iif  \v(irslii(i,  built  in  1791  of  stone.     Methodism  was 
iheii    ill   its  infancy,  yet  so  aggressive  were  the  dis- 
(■i|.U's  (,r  Wesley  that  they  left  the  comforts  and  con- 
venience*  of   the    mure   civilized   communities   ami 
luished  out  into  tin-  tlicn  wilderness  of  this  then  i>ew 
'  cuimtiy  and  iicw  and   unijiviting  field  of  labor,  gath- 
ering together  wliere  they  could  a  few  of  the  sturdy 
I  pioneers  and  their  families.   Near  this  old  monument 
1  to  their  zeal   in  the   cause  of  the  Master  was  one  of 
the  "  Jlethodist  preaching-places,"  and   here  a  class 
was  formed,  a  society  organized,  and  the  stone  meet- 
ing-house built,  and  in  it  for  several  years  religious 
I  services  were  held.     The   society   subsequently   be- 
1  came  weak,  and  for  about  ten  years  no  services  were 
j  held  here,  yet  the  few  remaining   Methodists   wor- 
shijjed  at  Strasburg. 

About  1847  the  society  was  revived  and  reorganized, 
since  which  time  services  have  been  regularly  held 
in  the  old  stone  cluirch.  As  its  surroundings  have 
changed,  the  society  has  at  times  been  a  part  of  one 
charge  or  circuit  and  then  of  another,  but  has  never 
been  a  station.  The  old  house,  now  nearly  a  century 
old,  has  had  only  ordinary  repairs,  and  is  yet  in  a 
good  state  of  preservation.  Its  internal  arrange- 
ments are  in  the  style  of  one  hundred  years  ago,  and 
are  curiosities  to  the  modern  church-goer,  who  re- 
clines upon  his  upholstered  pew,  seeking  natuie's 
sweet  restorative,  wdiile  his  well-paid  pastor  is  trying 
to  dispense  the  bread  of  life  to  his  immortal  soul. 
The  old  meeting-house  has  large  galleries,  box-pews, 
and  a  seating  capacity  of  about  three  hundred.  The 
society  hivs  no  records  from  which  a  list  of  the  pastors 
can  be  learned.  The  present  membership  oi'  the 
society  is  about  fifty. 

Surrounding  the  old  church  building  is  a  cemetery, 
which  originally  contained  about  one  acre  of  land,  ti) 
which  has  lately  been  added  two  acres,  making  three 
acres  in  all,  and  here  many  of  the  early  Methodists 
and  other  settlers  of  the  vicinity  lie  buried. 

Mennonites. — -A.  Mennonite  Church  was  built  uf 
stone  in  1755,  about  three-fourths  of  a  mile  south 
from  the  village  of  New  Danville.  It  was  taken  down 
in  1878,  and  rebuilt  the  same  year.  To  this  church  is 
attached  a  cemetery. 

New  Mennonites.— A  church  of  the  New  Mennon- 
ites was  built  at  New  Danville  many  years  since, 
and  to  this  is  attached  a  cemetery  of  about  an  acre. 
In  the  south  pjirt  of  the  township  a  house  of  worship 
was  built  by  the  Old  Mennonites  in  1848.  It  was  a 
stone  building,  and  it  stood  till  1879,  wdien  it  was 
taken  down  and  a  brick  structure  forty-two  by  sixty 
feet  in  size  was  erected  in  its  place.  To  this  church 
a  cemetery  of  about  an  acre  and  a  half  is  attached. 

United  Brethren.— A  society  of  United  Brethren 
was  organized  at  Willow  Street  in  1860,  but  it  erected 
no  house  of  worship.  Meetings  were  occasionally 
held  in  a  public  hall  at  West  Willow  till  the  spring 
of  1883,  when  a  lot,  on  which  stood  a  house,  a  part  of 
wdiich  was  a  storeroom,  was  purchased   fur  the  so- 


PEQUEA   TOWNSHIP. 


1011 


ciety  by   Benjamin    Friek,   un( 

tlie   store- 

room   was 

ciinvei'ted  into  a  place  of  worsi 

ip  and  Sun 

lay-scbool 

room.     Services  are   lield   in  t 

lis  roiini  (]] 

alternate 

Sabbatlis. 

GrofF's  Mill,  located  on  Co 

nestoga  Cre 

ek,  in   tbe 

Tiortliern  jiart  of  the  township,  was  originally  bui 
in  the  early  part  of  the  jiresent  century  by  Miehai 
Haverstick.  It  was  a  stone  structure,  forty  by  fifty 
feet  in  size,  and  contained  four  run  of  French  burr>. 
The  mill  was  subsequently  sold  to  George  Christ,  who 
in  1832  sold  it  to  Alirahani  Suavely.  Suavely  s(jld  it 
in  1862  to  Dr.  Miisser,  of  Lancaster,  who  sold  it  in 
1872  to  Gabriel  Smitli,  and  it  was  again  sold  in  1874 
to  Daniel  G.  Grotf.  In  October,  1876,  the  mill  was 
destroyed  by  fire,  and  at  unce  replaced  by  a  frame 
structure  upon  the  site  of  the  old  one,  with,  however, 
only  three  runs  of  stones.  It  is  still  owned  and  operated 
by  Mr.  Groft'  as  a  merchant-  and  grist-mill.    - 

Baumgardner's  Mill.— This  mill  is  on  Pcquea 
Creek,  about  eiglit  miles  from  Lancaster.  It  was 
built  about  1800  by  Jacob  Smith.  It  was  a  stone 
mill,  with  one  water-wheel,  one  run  of  rock-stones 
and  one  of  burrs.  It  remained  tbe  jiroperty  of  Jlr. 
Smith  and  his  heirs  till  1830,  when  it  was  purchased 
by  Abraham  Mylin,  who  erected  an  addition  to  the 
building  and  put  in  anotlier  water-wheel.  He  owned 
and  conducted  the  mill  till  1857,  when  he  sold  it  to  [ 
Benjamin  Harnish.  In  1868  it  was  sold  to  Jacob  B. 
Good,  and  two  years  later  to  Thomas  Baumgardner, 
the  present  owner.  ^Ir.  Baumgardner  repaired  the  [ 
mill  and  put  in  new  machinery.  It  is  both  a  mer- 
chant and  custom  mill,  and  lias  four  runs  of  burr- 
stones. 

Burnt  Mill.— In  1814,  Isaac  Heiney  built  a  brick 
mill  about  a  mile  below  the  one  now  owned  and  run 
by  Thomas  Baumgardner.  It  bad  four  runs  of  stones, 
and  did  a  large  business.  It  became  the  properly  of 
the  Lancaster  Bank,  and  in  1830  it  was  purchased  by 
John  Keeports,  who  owned  it  till  1842,  when  it  was 
purchased  by  Joseph  Good,  and  by  him  sold  in  1849  ' 
to  Henry  Eshleman,  who  soon  afterwards  conveyed  it  ! 
to  John  K.  and  Jacob  Good.  They  owned  it  till  1860, 
when  it  was  sold  to  Jacob  B.  Good,  and  it  was  owned 
by  him  till  it  was  burned,  some  twelve  years  since. 
The  projierty  is  now  owned  by  Thomas  Baumgardner. 

Iron-Mine. — In  1816  an  iron-mine  was  opened  on 
land  owned  by  John  Bean,  in  the  eastern  part  of  Pe- 
quea  township.  The  ore  was  taken  to  the  Conewingo 
Furnace,  but  the  mine  was  worked  only  a  short  time. 
It  then  remained  idle  till  about  1845,  when  it  was 
reopened  by  Christian  Geiger,  and  was  worked  by 
him  till  operations  were  suspended  about  five  years 
later.  Work  was  again  resumed  by  a  Mr.  Ivnotwell, 
who  was  succeeded  by  John  P.,  John,  and  Michael 
Grove.  They  continued  to  work  it,  with  the  exceiHion 
of  about  a  year,  during  which  it  was  sub-leased  to 
Jacob  and  Henry  Bnshong,  of-  Reading,  till  its 
abandonment  in  the  fall-of  1882. 

During  all  this  time  there  were  intervals  in  which 


the  mine  was  idle.  The  ore  taken  from  this  mine 
was  smelted  in  Lancaster  and  at  various  other  fur- 
naces in  this  State.  It  is  of  the  variety  called  hema- 
tite, and  w  of  a  good  i|nality. 

The  land  wIktc  the  mine  is  located  has  been  owiieil 
successively  Tjy  .lolwi  Bcliii,  Samuel  Stover,  Samuel 
Charles,  and  tiie  present  owner,  Eli  K.  Mylin. 


B10GRAi'lll('.\L    SKETCHES. 


Wri.I.lA.M'  U.  .MEI, LINGER. 
Benjamin  M.,  the  grandfather  of  William  G.  Mel- 
linger,  was  of  German  parentage,  and  resided  near 
Safe  Harbor,  in  Manor  township.  He  married  Annie 
Eshleman,  and  bad  children, — John  E.,  Jacob  E., 
Henry,  lieiijamin,  Martin,  David,  and  a  daughter 
Elizabeth.     Mr.  Mc-llinger  spent  his  life  in  the  town- 


.^-i,l 


€^,^^i^U 


^l^^^^i^ 


ship  of  Manor,  where  his  death  occurred.  His  son, 
Jacob  E.,  was  born  Oct.  7,  1811,  in  the  same  town- 
ship where,  with  the  exception  of  a  brief  interval, 
he  was  a  resident.  He  began  his  business  career  as  a 
farmer,  later  engaged  in  milling  pursuits,  and  subse- 
quently resumed  his  agricultural  labors.  He  was 
married  about  the  year  1834  to  Mi-ss  Elizabeth  Graefi; 
of  JIanor  township,  born  in  1816,  and  whose  father, 
Matthias  Graetl',  still  survives  in  his  ninetieth  year. 
The  children  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  IMellinger  are  Abram 
G.,  William  G.,  Matthias  G.  (deceased),  Albert  G. 
(deceased),  Franklin  G.,  Benjamin  G.,  Ephraim  G., 
and  daughters,  Jlaria  (Mrs.  Abram  Ncif),  Elizabeth 


]012 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Mr. 


(deceased),  Annie  (Mrs.  Charles  Deitri 
Mrs.  Mellinger  still  reside  in  Manor  town^liip.  Their 
sou,  William  G.,  was  born  Sept.  12,  istil_  m  the  pa- 
ternal home,  where  his  boyhood  was  pa>-cil.  111^ 
educational  opportunities  were  confined  to  iii-.t  ruction 
at  the  neighboring  school,  and  later  attendame  ut  (hu 
graded  school  in  MiUersville.  He  then  engage.l  in 
farm  labor,  and  at  twenty-eight  years  of  age  married 
Miss  Elizabeth  H.,  daughter  of  (ieorge  Kreider,  of 
Pequea. township.  Their  children  are  Elizabeth  (de- 
ceased), Jacob  K.,  Catherine  K.,  Annie  IC,  Su>an  K., 
Henry  K.,  Benjamin  K.,  and  Amos  K.  Mr,  Mellin- 
ger,  in  1874,  removed  to  West  Willow,  in  Pequea 
township,  and  devoted  himself  to  farming  pursuits. 
At  a  later  period  he  embarked  with  his  brother  in 
the  coal  and  lumber  business,  which  still  engages  bis 
attention.  In  politics  he  is  an  ardent  Republican, 
but  seldom  devotes  his  energies  to  the  political  cou- 
tlicts  of  the  day.  He  was  honored  by  election  for 
the  third  term  as  scliool  director  of  his  townshiii. 
His  early  religious  training  was  in  harmony  with  the 
creed  of  the  Mennonite  faith. 


BENJA.MIN    G.    MELLIXl.EK. 
The  subject  of  this  biography  is  a  grandson  of  the 
amin  :\r.   and  a  son  of  Jacob  E.  .Mellinger, 


<SU^   ^^-X^^^^^^A^C,^ 


V  living  in   Manor  township.-     He  was  horn  Jan 
,n   the  farm,  during  which  time  he  attended  tlu 


neighboring  school,  and  later  the  MiUersville  Normal 
School.  The  tilling  of  the  lands,  embraced  in  bis 
father's  estate,  occupied  his  time  until  twenty-three 
years  «f  age,  after  wdiicli  he  engaged  in  the  burning 
of  lime  in  Manor  township,  where  he  remained  three 
years.  H5  then  rfimoved  to  liaumgardner's  Station, 
in  Pequea  township,  and  became  a  jnirtner  w^ith  his 
lirother,  William  (J.,  in  tlo'  c(ial  and  lumber  busi- 
ness, the  firm  being  William  (!.  Mellinger  &  Brother. 
Their  business  venture  has  been  a  successful  one,  a 
large  and  increasing  tr.ade  having  rewarded  their 
efforts.  JNIr.  Mellinger  is  a  Republican,  but  not  an 
active  worker  in  the  political  field.  He  is  a  con- 
tributor to  the  support  of  all  religious  denominations, 
though  of  Mennonite  predilections. 

Benjamin  G.  Jlellinger  was  on  the  27th  of  January, 
j  1S76,  married  to  iMis.s  Annie  F.,  daughter  of  Chris- 
I  tian  Charles,  of  ^lanor  township.     Their  children  are 
Albert  C,  Annie  C,  Fannie  C,  and  Lizzie  C. 


1  jonx  sex1':r. 

I  The  ancestor  of  the  Sener  family  came  from  Ger- 
many about  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century 
and  settled  in  Lancaster  County,  where  several  gen- 

i  erations  have  succeeded  him,  and  where  his  descend- 
ants have  been  characterized  by  industry,  thrift,  in- 
tegrity, and  as  good  citizens.  The  family  was  early 
identified  with  the  Lutlieran  Church  at  Lancaster, 
and  many  of  its  members  are  still  connected  with 
that  religious  denomination. 

Jacob,  grandfather  of  John  Sener,  and  son  of  the 
progenitor,  was  a  mechanic,  and  owned  a  small  farm  in 
Manor  township,  where  he  died  in  his  forty-first  year. 
His  wife,  Magdalene  Nell',  who  died  in  her  eighty -sixth 
year,   bore    him   children,— Godlieb,-  Jacob,  drafted 

i  in  the  war  of  181-2;  John,  Christian,  Frederick,  Bar- 

I  bara,  wife  of  John  Wagner;  Mary,  wife  of  Jacob 
Bletz  ;  Elizabeth,  v^ife  of  John  Nelf ;   Anna,  wife  of 

:  John  Rupley  ;  Susan,  wife  of   Henry  Shepard ;  and 

'  Catherine,  wife  of  Benjamin  Lawrence.  Of  these 
children,  Godlieb  (formerly  spelled  Gottlieb)  suc- 
ceeded to  the  homestead  property  in  Manor  township, 
was  a  farmer  during  his  active  business  life,  a  plain 
uid  unostentatious  man,  and  a  Jlennonite  in  religious 
iaith.  He  died  in  June,  1805,  in  his  eighty-first  year. 
Hi'^  wife,  Elizabeth,  a  daughter  of  Jacob  Eberly  and 
Barbara  Funk,  of  East  Hempfield,  who  died  in  1800, 
aged  seventy-four  years,  bore  him  children,— ilary, 
wife  of  Amos  B.  Shuman,  of  Manor  township  ;  Eliz- 
abeth, deceased,  wife  of  Christian  Lintner,  of  Lan- 
caster township;  Jacob,  deceased,  was  a  I'armer  in 
East  Hempfield;  Anna,  wife  of  Benjamin  Herr,  of 
West  Lampeter;  John,  subject  of  this  sketch  ;  God- 
lieb, a  merchant  in  Washington  bor 
'.  Kate,  wife  of  Benjamin  Getz,  of  Jloun 
I  and  Frederick,  of  Lancaster. 

,  John  Sener,  son  of  Godlieb  and  Elizabeth.  Sener, 
was  born  on  the  homestead  in  .Manor  township,  Aug. 


,rh;  Harriet, 
lie  ;  Martha, 


Jo^^p^<^    -^e^ 


^-2-t_.^.-i_ 


PROVIDENCE  TOWNSHIP. 


1013 


22,  1813.  He  received  a  practical  education  in  boy- 
liood,  and  remained  at  home  until  lie  was  twenty-nine 
years  of  age.  In  1S42  he  engaj^-ed  with  others  in  deal- 
ing in  cattle,  and  continued  this  business  for  twenty- 
five  years  in  connection  with  farming.  He  purchased 
stock,  mostly  in  the  State  of  Illinois,  and  disposed  of 
them  in  Lancaster  and  Chester  Counties,  Pa.  In  1843, 
Mr.  Sener  purchased  some  two  hundred  and  three 
acres  of  land  in  Pequea  lownshii),  liis  homestead  since, 
and  addecl  by  purchase  in  185.')  some  thirty-five  acres 
more,  upon  which  he  erected  his  present  brick  house 
in  1850,  and  barns  and  other  buildings  the  following 
year,  the  latter  of  which  were  subsequently  destroyed 
by  fire,  and  since  replaced  by  the  jiresent  ones.  Out- 
side of  general  farming,  Mr.  Sener  has  grown  annu- 
ally large  quantities  of  tobacco  for  the  past  twenty- 
eight  years.  He  has  led  a  <piiet  business  life,  avoided 
political  strife,  and  never  sought  the  emoluments  ol' 
otlicial  place.  His  sociability,  frankness,  and  integ- 
rity in  all  the  relations  of  life,  his  general  intelligence 
in  agriculture,  and  good  sound  sense  in  all  tliat  make.> 
a  worthy  citizen  are  recognized  by  all  who  know  him. 
He  married,  Oct.  2.5,  1849,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of 
Jacob  and  Mary  (Barr)  Kreider,  of  Fulton  township. 
Their  surviving  children  are  Celia,  Milton  K.,  Ella, 
Harriet,  and  Katie  Sener. 


CHAPTER    LXXII. 


barren,  many  acres  have  been  covered  with  a  good 
growth  of  hickory,  oak,  and  chestnut  timber,  but  its 
acreage  of  timber  haul  is  gradually  disappearing,  and 
the  land  is  now  being  used  for  agricultural  ])urposes. 
Iron  Ore.T-In  the  southeastern  part  of  the  town- 


ship a  valuable  dep 

ered.     Dilferent  mi 

I  operated    by  Peacoi 

]  nocacy  Coin]jany,  a 

I  operation,  giving  ei 


been  disc 


ibullt 


ivini- 


Geography  and  Topography.— Providence  town- 
ship constituted  a  partof  Martic  township  until  1853, 
when  it  was  legally  organized  into  a  separate  town- 
ship. Its  boundaries  are  Pequea  and  Strasburg  town- 
ships on  the  north,  Strasburg  and  Eden  townships 
on  the  east,  Drumore  township  on  the  soutli,  and 
JIartic  township  on  the  west.  Big  Beaver  Creek 
separates  this  from  Strasburg  township  on  the  north- 
east, emptying  into  Pequea  Creek,  which  latter 
forms  the  boundary  between  the  township  and  Pequea 
on  the  northwest.  These  streams  together  with  P'ur- 
nace  Run,  which  rises  at  Butler's  Spring,  about 
■centrally  in  the  township,  tlowing  in  a  northerly 
direction,  also  emptying  into  Pequea  Creek,  are  its 
principal  sources  of  water  supply  and  drainage,  also 
furnishing  motive-power  for  grist-  and  woolen-mills. 

The  surface  generally  is  rolling,  amounting  in  dif- 
ferent parts  to  quite  prominent  hills,  whicli  are,  how- 
ever, intcrs[)er.-^ed  with  plots  of  comparatively  level 
land. 

The  soil  is  well  adapted  to  farming,  especially  in 
the  eastern,  middle,  and  northwestern  portions,  where 
limestone    abounds.      In    the    western    part,    mostly 


One  mine,  known  as  the  Molar  Bank,  furnished 
the  ore  for  a  furnace  in  the  central  part  of  the  town- 
ship before  tlic  Rfvolutionary  war.  It  was  thought 
the  deposit  was  rxhaii.ted,  and  the  mine  was  aban- 
dni.ol,  lying  aliaw-t  ua-u,  lor  many  years.  Within, 
perliaii>,  tlie  la^t  twenty  years,  the  jn'operty  changed 
liands  for  a  small  consideration,  finally  getting  into 
the  bands  of  men  who  had  the  means  and  energy  to 
thoroughly  explore  the  old  mine  land,  which  resulted, 
in  unearthing  many  thousands  of  tons  of  rich  ore. 

Population. — Providence  contained  ITliO  inhab- 
itants in  180(1,  1900  in  1870,  and  2134  in  1880. 

Old  Tax  List. — The  following  lists  of  tax  and  re- 
turn duplicates  were  copied  from  papers  marked 
Martic  township,  and  belong  to  that  portion  of 
Martic  which  now  constitutes  Providence  township. 
These  lists  were  separated  by  the  assistance  of  Simon 
Grotf,  a  native  of  the  township,  who  is  still  living,  in 
the  ninety-sixth  year  of  his  age,  and  are  believed  to 
be  as  nearly  correct  as  it  is  possible  to  make  them. 


TIIK    IMiOVI.N 

Fames  Ii.:ncan... 

Biice  Jlillur 

liicoU  lieiiu.s 

:iinsti,aii  Gruft.. 


0  (Now    PHUVIDENCE 

i     a,  tl. 

Lutkov U  11/  J 

k  Duncali 0     9  0 

1  Brrdv 0    4  0 


By. 


Helu 


Ir«in,  CoHecfcr, 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


MARTir    UKTUKN,  1777. 

A,  n  j.  Acres 
li"      Ki'iiilrick,  Henry  (1  mill,  f4u)  20 


,J.,h.,-. 

Muil 

WUl.nv 

Hnss 

Geoi-ge 

(•' 

ivo...  £ 

0) 

H:,lt 

£  s.  d. 

Thumas  Mackey »  U  0  John  Sims 

Andrew  lilei.r (J  G  II  Patrick  McFalls 

Jacith  Winter II  C  0  John  Smith 0    d 


JIARTIU   TOWNSIIII'   RETUR^J,  1S02. 
(CuUeitors,  Joseph  Koclii-naur  ami  John  Ke.: 


:i:    I 


L.    Uoover,   2 


Warrant  and  Duplicate  for  1791.— Tin.-  foil 
appear.-i  on  the  back  ol'  an  a[i|n.-al  iliiplicate : 


"  Lancaster,  «s. 

"  To  WiL 

.lAJI   SNUDQlliSS,  COIUCIO 

•■  You 

eing  apiiointod  collect.., 

quire.l  t. 

demand  of  the  I'cr3..i„ 

wherewi 

h  they  stand  cliarse.l.l.i 

with  win 

t  they  are  hereby  .ale.l., 

is  on  tin. 

il.l  Day  of  July  neM  al 

Lancaste 

,  hut  if  you  cannot  in.ct 

he  ma.le 

Place  of 

lu-ir  last  Aho.le,  SIS,,. ly, 

jon  are  t 

.  attend  with  this  Dnpli 

in  your 

district  as  you  find  omi 

Dated  the  eighth  Day  of  J      e 

I'-aniily,  ,n-  at  the 


MARTICIC  TOWNSIIII'  AIM'EAI,  DUPI.l 
Ashleman,  Jlarlin li  1-     'J      Hart, 


PROVIDENCE  TOWNSHIP. 


1015 


Acrea. 

Uiaft.Joseiih. 

Newswanger,  Jacob  (we.iver,. 

Newawin^iT,  Jnc-ob  (weaver),  s(l.  4U,  1  house SO 

Graft,  Joliii  (swamp). 
Harris,  William, 
lleston,  lU-niy. 

Uesler,  Jacob. 

.N.  «,    i.nlii  s  i-alate 1110 

iJi.-i'.  11.  iV-  i'i.i'7"''r;::''";:;:::::;:;::::::::';;;:::;.:;:;::'z::::;::::  ?» 

Harris,  iauie,. 
Iluber,  Peter. 
Hart,  Vulenlii.e(c..rdwai, 

Iteese,  Henry,  Jr. 

Sides,  (Jeorge. 

Stear,  Mi.liael  (wagoner). 

;■;' ;;j'>'-    ,    ,  ^,  ■ -■■''■•■-3;'.;::::::::::;z;:;::;::;:;;:;:.:.  70 

er). 

ilZ' \       ^       \,i  1  1^  '"    ^!.^^^!"!"!'!!!!"'' '".TV  7!Z  "!! '.    '" 

Hart,  Benjamin  (tanner). 

Senbrooks,  Henry  (collier). 

i: .  :     !       -         111,     ■VZZ'V.Z'.VTVVVVV'!V!!!V!!V!!!!;!  TV! 

Hart,  John  ttiinnei). 

Seabronks,  Win.  (wooil-chopper). 

i^i  ,  ■  1    ,    ,               .  ,'      ,  -"'-' 

Hess,  John  (laborer). 

Kpeucer,  John. 

ji, ,'      \;              ;      '      hoi'jVe'!!!!!'!". .!.!! .' so 

Herr,  Emanuel. 

Seabrook,  Wm.  (gunsniilli). 

>               ■        .  i,  Mir.. ■ ■. '.■.!.■.■.■";.■;;■■.'.'.■.'.'.'.;  137 

Hess,  George. 

Shaiip,  Joshua  (tanner). 

i^l''  .'  i      '        •-  ■  I'w 

Huber,  Abraham. 
Huber,  John  (weaver). 

Shaup,John  (miller). 

'l'^    '-       .i  ,!.,,...     ,  '  :  ....         .'.'Z.^'Z''']Z''.'.'.^Z.'^    60 

ShiLiik,  John. 

■111                  1      .    .           :                                         ^      35 

Herr,  Martin. 

Shank,  Michael. 

Wl'itil  .".-'■    'l     '..[''j'     '  '    '''    --■'"111.  .' i""i»'-» ii^ 

Herr,  Abraham. 

Shalip,  Henry. 

Heble,  Peter. 
Herr,  Isaac. 

Stowfer,  David. 

wi,itmuVe,ALri.iia\z:::::;:;;::;;:'\;:::;;;;:.;:;:::::::::;;;:::::::;:;;;;;:::::;:::  ao 

String,  Samuel  (tailor). 

Fi,  em.  /I. 

Iluber,  John  (little). 

Summers,  Samuel. 

Herr,  Heniy  liniikeepei). 

Smith,  John. 

Williitm  Wida.                                           Diuiiul  Hear. 

Hnber,  .loliii. 

Slocnm,  Thomas  (cordwainer). 

Jolin  Winters.                                           J..Imi  Sui-iiev. 

Stonerode,  Adam. 

Jacub  Wuite.a.                                             Juin,  Ilick.iu.il 

Hnbei,  JIaitin. 

Trager,  Jacob  (weaver). 

William  .Mcrun.                                       John  ll.-ani. 

llainmel,  John  (weaver). 

Wallace,  John  (tailor). 

Eubert  HcFail.                                         Fvlle.v  C.oui.l.ell. 
Uaviil  McKan.                                        Amb.inv  Campl.ell. 

Iluber,  Wi.low. 

Wilson,  Tempest  (innkeeper). 

Huber,  Martin  (joiner). 

White,  William. 

Saijiiiel  Linea.                                            .Mirhut'I  Mai  tin. 

.I.VMl.s  Cl.KliK,  .Usesaor. 

Johnston,  John  (hatter). 

Watson,  Benjamin. 

Keppeily,  Jacob  ,in.isoii). 

Winters,  Cliri.^topher. 

Pioneer  Documents.— TIil-  I'uUowing  is  a  copy  of 

Keppeily.l-re.lerick. 
Knig,  Frederick  (tailor). 

Winteis,  Jacob. 
Winleis,  John 

tliL'  iilliihivit^  ut'  tlie  tis.sessor  and  iisbi.stant  tisaessors  of 

Kendrick,  Widow. 

Winters,  Widow. 

tlie  above  return: 

Kubn,  Frederick  (weaver 

DavHl  Hess. 

"February  Ilia  2:iil,  1803,  personally  came  before  uie,  tlie  subscriber, 

Kemliick,  .Tacob  (mason). 

Jacob  Shaiip  (farmer). 

cue  of  the  justices  of  the  pe.ice  f„r  tlio  Coiiiilj.  of  L.incaslei,  James  Clark, 

Miller,  Philip. 

Michael  SVhitestick. 

assessor  of  JIartick  lowu»liii),  aiij  diJ  talie  the  oath  n.iuirej  by  all  act 

Miller,  Martin. 

JoliiiEckmau. 

of  the  Geueral  Assembly  of  the  Slate  of  I'eiiiisylvania,  passed  the  11th 

McColich.  Itobert  (tailor*. 

Samuel  JlcConnel. 

day  of  Al.iil,  A.D.  1799,  fur  assessors  to  take  before  they  enter  oil  duties 

McUall,  Charles  (man  of  c 

ilor). 

John  Cuoglieliour. 

of  their  office. 

McMnllen,  Stewart. 

Daii.l  M.-Fan  iniisoul. 

JlcFan.  William. 

Kobeit  Mciaii. 

"Lancaster  County,... 

Moore,  Adain. 

Henij  Congbenour  (weaver). 

e  «"  i.i       .i|i:.ttii.     II.  ,.ie  ine,     le  »u  <siri  HI,  line  o      lejuaieso 

McFalls,  Henry  (collier). 

Simon  Winter!,. 

Miller,  Abraham. 

John  Ecknian. 

III..  :  .....  1.    ..,,        1    '1         .     :                   .  .     1       .|:,l      .   .1,    I,       ,        ;..     .|,  .!    i   .     «lll  llil- 

Miller,  I'eter. 

John  Graft,  Jr. 

M.dially,  Samuel. 

John  Long. 

M  1  .|      .1     ,        1 "   1    '    -'..  1    "'|." .'T' 

Miller,  Andrew. 

William  Tidan  (tanner). 

'''  '  ''   ''  '  '"■    ^' '"'  "  '"""'     '"  '  "'  '" "  ' '  '  '■  ■"  ' ''^ 

Mowrer,  lialt.er. 

Motes  Bush,  tanner). 

-JoH.N  GKArr. 

Molior,  Wi.low. 

James  Newliort  (laborer). 

■•Suorn  and  subscribed  before  me  Ihis  11th  day  of  M.ucli,  l.Sia 

31..y,  Jacob  , joiner,. 

John  Lines  (laborer). 

"  Enwiuu  liitiKN  " 

May,  I'hilip  ij..iluTl. 

John  Coiigbenonr. 

McConuel,  Uli\er  (blacksi 

"Lancaster  County, M. 

Miles,  George. 

John  Uhino  (joiner). 

"  Personally  mipeared  before  Edward  Hrien,  one  of  the  justices  of  the 

McCall,  Kobe,  t  (Collier,. 

John  Cougheiiour. 

peace  for  r.iid  ci.iiMty,  Al.ral.au.  .Miller,  one  of  the  as=i.s»lant  assessors 

Lines,  Samuel. 

No  slaves. 

f  1  11...  1  .  .  :  .!  li.  .  1    Mm:   !,     ,   -.Lid  coiiiitv ,  wlio  being  duly  .|ualiti,-d 

Lines,  Christian. 

Ml!     1  .      '                                    ..;lilully,and  impartially  perfoTui  the  sev- 

Joii.v  Gbaft,  .Is.sMSO,. 

en     ;    1             I-     1                    .:•  to  the  act  of  Assembly  passed  in  tliB 

"AUlUlll.M    JIlLLtn. 

Some  of  the  fore^ 

oing 

were  among  tlie  early  settlers 

ill  tlic  towiisliip. 

"  EdW.MtD    lllUE.V." 

MicliaelSliankemigi 

ited  from  Switzerland  about 

TAXAULES   FOU   1*17   (INCI.UIUNG   I'UOVIDENCE    TOWNSIIIPl. 

1720.       licptllvlKlS 

dat 

•act  of  land  containing  twelve 

Brown,  Jacob  (man  of  color).               Coil,  Henry  (collierj. 

I'rovidence  and  part  in  Drii- 

lil.ilr,  John  (weaver).                              Cai]i|il,.ell,  Uicbard  (cordwainer). 

lUolc-    tdWII^Ilip.       J 

>hn 

M.  Sbenk  now  owns  and  re- 

llowmall,  lleniy.                                              CuliOlntibalu,  K.ibelt. 

sides  oil  a  poitioiii 

f  the 

original  tract.     The  land  was 

Ilruliakei,  Jacob  (blacksmith).               Conn  i„;;l,a,M,  Tl.omaH  (cooper). 
l),.,«n,  r|...ik.,ick(ni.ison).                    .Icmiu^,  Will, (merchant). 

pur(.'lia.sed  Iroiii  J: 

mes 

Miisgrave,  who  had  secured 

Ills  title  from  Pc-nii 

JI 

ehaei  Shank  died  about  174o. 

Ul.b'he,,  Mi,  had  (lailor).                      E>hl,.„I,',i',!'Marlin. 

lie  was  tlio  fatlier 

)f  M 

chael  Shank  and  a  daughter, 

r--'  I"-'..' tiVji.Toen.                         Eckm.ui,  lleniy. 

who  becdiiie  llie  w 

fe  of  Ulrich  Everly.      Michael's 

llarne,,  Glllioiuwe.ivei;.                          l:>  .1  ly,  Ib-iiry. 

family,  besides  bis 

wife 

were  children  named  John, 

Ilair,  John  (weaver).                               i;v,;rlj .  Aluahain. 

Michael,  ami  Ann. 

:\ii 

chael   died  ahiint  17s.').     .Villi 

CoUfc'benour,  Adam.                                 Eveily,  .John. 

married  Henry  Wli 

test 

Cughenuui-.  Jacob.                   _              Fiii,lio,k,  Mi,  liael  (joiner). 
Collghe I.Joseph.                                  Crall,  John  (lillle). 

Huiiry,  Michael,  ] 

■,   .Mary^   Maltha,  and    lOliza- 

Conghenour.John.                                      Uiall,  Mi,  hael. 

beth.     Michael  ma 

rriei 

Susan  Fighl,  ami  they  were 

1016 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


the  parents  of  Michael,  Susan,  Barbara,  and   Eliza- 
beth. 

John  married  Martha  Stauffer;  they  had  but  one 
son,  John.  The  elder  Joim  died  in  183G,  aged  sev- 
enty-seven years. 

John  married  Catliarine,  a  daiijrhter  of  Joseph 
(ioclienoiir.  John  lived  on  the  old  homestead  until 
his  death,  which  occurred  about  1820,  in  the  thirty- 
ninth  year  of  his  age.  lie  was  the  father  of  ]5en- 
jamin  F^(who  married  Barbara  Barr,  and  moved  to 
Lancaster  many  years  ago),  Joseph  (who  married 
Margaret  Eckman,  now  living  in  West  Lampeter 
township),  Mattie  (who  married  Daniel  Lefevre,  now 
living  in  Chatham,  Chester  Co.),  and  John  :M.,  Het- 
tie,  and  Katie,  who  are  still  living  in  the  township. 

Hettie  married  Daniel  Bair,  wlio  nnu  dWiis  part  of 
the  original  Shank  tract ;  Katie  married  John  Hess,  [ 
living  near  by,  who  are  the  parents  of  Laura  M.,  who  j 
married  Dr.  A.  H.  Helm,  and  Mattie  C.  ! 

John  !M.  married  Fannie,  a  daughter  of  Frederic  j 


Thei 
Elhvood  Ke\ 


Stively  ;  they  are  living  at  the  oh 
dren  are  Annie  C.  (who  manieil  . 
Hettie  E.,  and  John  F. 

Michael  Graft  and  wife,  natives  of  Germany,  set- 
tled on  a  tract  adjoining  the  above,  now  owned  by 
Christ.  Grotf,  Daniel  Bair,  and  others.  It  is  probable 
they  settled  there  about  the  same  time.  Michael 
died  about  1770.  He  was  the  father  of  John  (Swamp), 
Annie,  and  Elizabeth,  was  married  a  second  time  to 
an  Eshleman,  and  they  had  the  fulhiwing  children: 
Joseph,  Jacob,  Abram,  :\l:ntin,  Benjamin,  and  Mary. 
John,  the  oldest  son,  majried  6u.,an,  daughter  of 
Daniel  Kendig.  John  died  about  1S31I,  at  the  age  of 
sixty-six  years.  They  had  children  named  Henry, 
Isaac,  Michael,  John,  Simon,  Daniel,  Jacob,  Joseph, 
Martin,  Nancy,  Betsey,  and  Susan.  Simon,  now  living 
in  Strasburg  townshi)),  in  his  ninety-sixth  year,  is 
the  last  one  living  of  the  family.  Daniel  has  one 
son,  Samuel,  living  in  the  township.  Henry,  the  old- 
est son,  married  Rosanna  ]Myers.  They  had  sons, — 
John,  Jacob,  Thomas,  and  Benjamin  ;  daughters, — 
Ann,  Susan,  and  Betsey.  Jacob,  one  of  Henry's  sons, 
married  a  daughter  of  Adam  Stoneroad,  who  have 
two  sons  living  in  the  township,  Adam  and  Thomas. 
One  son  of  Henry's  is  yet  living  in  the  township, 
Thomas.  He  married  Annie  Newland.  They  were 
the  parents  of  Jacob  N.  (who  married  a  Scott), 
Henry  (who  married  a  White),  Michael  and  Benja- 
min, both  dead,  Rosanna  (who  married  Abram 
Dennis),  Fannie  (who  married  Tobias  Brubaker), 
Elizabeth  (who  ni;irried  Ab-alom  Gochenuurj,  and 
Susan. 

Ulrich  Everly,  when  but  one  year  old,  came  from 
Switzerland,  in  company  with  his  parents,  and  set- 
tled on  land  now  owned  by  Samuel  Stoneroad  and 
others,  some  time  about  1730.  One  of  his  brothers 
settled  north  of  Lancaster.  UlricU  died  about  1810. 
He  was  married  K,  a  sist^T  of  Michael  Shanks.  His 
daughters   became   the   wives  of  Henry  Bear,  Chris- 


tian Lines,  Samuel  Bear,,  and  Oliver  McConnell. 
His  sons  were  Michael,  Henry,  John,  and  Abram. 
:Michael  married  aJIartin,  Henry  married  Eva  Figlit, 
and  moj'ed  to  Virginia  many  years  ago;  John  mar- 
ried lietsey  Bird;  one  of  their  children  is  yet  li\-ing, 
Mrs.  Benjanlin  Myers.  Abram  married  AnnieShimp. 
He  died  in  181G.  Their  children  were  Jacob,  Abram, 
Mary,  and  Christiana;  the  latter  is  still  living  at  the 
Old  Mennonite  meeting-house  in  the  township,  at  an 
advanced  age. 

Farther  westward  in  the  township,  among  the  early 
settlers  was  Christopher  Winters.  Of  his  nativity 
we  have  no  po-sitive  data,  but  it  is  altogether  probable 
that  he  was  of  German  descent.  He  owned  a  large 
scope  of  land  now  owned  by  John  Sbnitz,  Albert 
Smith,  (ieorge  Mowrcr,  .Inhii  Wii^LMiis,  and  iithcr-. 
He  died  about  ls:;ti.  He  was  the  fatiier  of  .lohn, 
Simon,  Josejih,  Christopher,  Susan,  Mary,  and  J5ct- 
sey  Winters.  John,  the  oldest  son,  married  Eliza- 
beth Krider,  and  was  the  father  of  Michael  Winters, 
who  married  Mary,  a  daughter  of  Adam  Stoneroad. 
Michael  had  daughters,  who  married  Absalom  Goch- 
enour,  Samuel  Groff,  Jacob  Newswanger,  Martin  Le- 
fevre, Levi  Groti',  and  Edward  Reese.  Washington, 
a  son,  married  a  Jlowrer,  now  living  in  Strasburg 
township.  Adam  L.,  another  son,  living  in  the  town- 
ship, married  Mary  J.  Langer,  the  second  time  a 
Dully.  Christopher,  Jr.,  married  Hettie,  a  daughter 
of  Joseph  Gochenour.  Their  children  were  Silas, 
Augustus,  and  Hettie.  Silas  married  Catherine,  a 
daughter  of  Nicholas  :\Iarks.  He  is  the  father  of 
Augustus,  living  in  Drumore,  who  married  Annie 
Esbenshade ;  John,  who  married  Maria  L.  Rockey, 
(gone  West) ;  Walter  H.,  who  is  in  the  township  with 
his  father,  and  married  Christie  Kauffman  ;  also  cjf 
Ell'a,Mary  Ann,  Kate  and  Laura,  the  latter  of  whom 
married  ^Martin  Lefevre,  Martin  Reese,  and  .Mljert 
Rockey. 

Henry  Hair,  a  naUve  of  Germany,  settled  on  a 
tract  of  land  farther  north  in  the  township,  Amo, 
Herr  being  one  of  his  descendants.  A  short  distance 
northwest  were  Llenry  and  Frank  Bowman,  who 
were  also  early  settlers  of  the  township.  Henry 
married  a  daughter  of  Christian  Herr;  they  had 
children  named  John,  Henry,  Polly,  Hettie,  ami 
Betsy.  John  moved  to  the  West.  Henry,  who  was 
a  bishop  in  the  Reforujed  Mennonite  Church,  was 
married  the  third  time.  He  died  in  18G3,  in  his  sixty- 
eighth  year.  Henry,  one  of  his  sons,  is  living  on  the 
old  homestead.  Farther  west  of  the  last  were  John 
Miller  and  wife,  who  emigrated  from  Germany  many 
years  ago.  Peter,  a  son,  married  a  Rohrer;  he  died 
about  182.5.  They  had  several  daughters  and  a  son 
named  PeteF,  who  married  Betsy,  a  daughter  of  John 
Huber.  Their  children  are  Kenjamin,  Samuel,  Peter, 
Susan,  Barbara,  and  P.Wly,  several  of  them  living  in 
the  township. 

John  an.l  Valentine  Hart,  soutli  of  this,  on  land 
now  owned   bv  the  Leamans  and   others.     John  uiai- 


PROVIDENCE   TOWNSHIP. 


ried  a  Lines;  was  the  father  of  Benjainiii,  Joliii,  and 
Jacob  Hart.  John  and  ]5enjaniin  liad  tan-yards  and 
carried  on  the  business  very  extensively.  Benjamin 
married  a  daughter  of  George  Hess;  tliey  had  daugh- 
ters named  Jfary  Ann  and  Elizabetli,  sons  Henry, 
George,  and  Benjamin. 

Close  by  the  Harts  was  Fredericl<  Kulin,  who  mar- 
ried a  Brackbill ;  they  liad  two  sons,  Jolin  and  Abram, 
who  moved  West  many  years  ago.  The  Kuhns 
owned  land  now  owned  by  Simon  Good  and  others. 

Next  above,  on  a  tract  now  owned  by  George  H. 
Miller,  George  Hess  ke|)t  a  liotel  in  the  earlier  days 
of  the  township.  He  had  sons  David  and  George, 
daughter-s  Nancy  and  Betsy.  The  latter  married 
Joseph  driller,  father  of  George  H.  Miller,  whose 
present  -^tore-house  wa,  built  on  the  fuuudati(,n  of 
the  old  hotel. 

Henry  McFalls  emigrated  from  Ireland  in  1782. 
He  settled  on  the  property  of  the  late  Josiah  Burgess. 
He  was  twenty-five  years  of  age  when  ho  landed  in 
America.  He  married  Margaret,  a  daughter  of  Wil- 
liam Seabrooks;  was  the  father  of  William,  Patrick, 
James,  John,  Henry,  Sarah,  Margaret,  Susan,  and 
Catherine.  Henry  died  about  182.3.  William,  the 
oldest  son,  married  Sarah,  a  daughter  of  Barclay 
Clark.  One  of  liis  son.s,  William,  is  now  living  in 
the  township.  Henry,  another  son  of  the  elder 
McFalls,  married  Rachel,  a  daughter  of  Terrence 
McCardle.  John,  Amos,  and  William  McFalls  are 
sons  of  Henry,  who  i-  still  living  in  the  township  at 
an  advanced  age. 

The  following  is  a  nearly  complete  list  of  super- 
visors, assessors,  school  directors,  and  justices  of  the 
peace  of  this  township  from  its  organization  as  a  sep- 
arate municipality  in  1853  to  1883  : 

ASSES.S0RS. 


Beujninii 


Dliimii 


185U.  John  Peoples. 

1874-73.  Hiram  S.  KenJig 

1860.  Martin  Huber. 

1870-77.  Jlarlin  Rgisc,  Jr. 

1861.  Geurgi-  Anthony. 

1878-8-2.  T.J,  Armslroiig, 

18C2.  Martin   R.-ose,  .Tr. 

ISSIi.  J.  W.  H,ir. 

1S63-66.  John  M.  Martin. 

i 

SUPERVISORS. 

1854-55.  Tliomi.s  Itedinaii 

1871.  B.  F  Uowe. 

l»r,0.  A.l..n,  Mouii-r. 

lS7i.  Josoph  Long. 

1801.  David  Ik-S3. 

1875-78.  Albert  Thomas. 

18r,2-6:i.  I'bilipKicliuly. 

1878-8:i.  Eilwaril  Re.-so. 

lSG5-6ii,  1809.  Daniel  Bair. 

;  1873-SU.  Clayton  Wig^iu 

1807.  Thomas  Oioff. 

1881-82.  John  Coble. 

1803.  Gi-orge  llruhaker. 

j  1883.  Jacob  EiBOnberger. 

1.87".  Maitin  WarM. 

1 

JUSTI 

'ES 

OF   THE    PEACE. 

1854.  B.'njaniiil  II.  Witnu-, 

187:!.  John  M.  Peoples. 

1856.  H.-iuy  Rn»h. 

187J.  JohnSliuhui.  Sr, 

1858.  J,.|H.  Co.iruJ. 

,  1875.  B.  K.  Witmer. 

T.J.  Airnslron 


SCHOOL    DIRECTORS. 

1854.  George  Martin.  18G7.  John  Tweed. 

Tobias  Brnbaker.  I  1803,  1871,  1S74,  1877,  1,880.  John 

K.  K.  Lo.di.  I                  Slrohm,  Jr. 

1855.  Joseph  lileceher.  j  1869,1872,  U75, 1878.  Jona.,  lluber. 
1850,  Matthias  Shirk.  1870.  Cyras  Cram.-r. 

IS.W.  Amcis\3rotr.  187:1.  Jacob  N.  C.rolT 

1850.  John  M.  Shenk.  !  1874,  1877,  1830,  1883.   l>r.   A.   H. 

180O.   Dr.  John  K.  Ranb.  .,                  Helm. 

ISOl,  1804.  John  Wilson,  1870,  1870,  1SS2.  B.  K.  Andrews. 

1802,  1871    Benjamin  F.  Rowe.  William  B.  Lyons. 

1803.  Frederic  Myers.  1881.  Jacob  Keen. 
181.5.  Henry  Bowman.  Tobias  Brubaker. 
1800.  Jacob  F.  Andrews.  !  1883    Urias  Clarkson. 

New  Providence. — This  village  is  pleasantly  situ- 
ated in  the  northeastern  part  of  the  township,  on  an 
elevation  near  the  banks  of  Big  Beaver  Creek.  It 
was  formerly  known  as  the  "Black  Horse,"  taking 
its  name  from  the  picture  of  a  black  horse  on  the 
sign  in  front  of  tlie  old  one-and-a-lialf-story  log  house 
occupied  as  a  hotel  for  perhajjs  a  century  or  more. 
Its  name  was  changed  about  the  time  a  post-office 
was  established  at  New  Providence.  In  173G,  John 
Taylor  purcha.sed  a  tract  of  land  from  the  Peniis  con- 
taining over  eleven  hundred  acres.  The  site  of  New 
Providence  is  on  the  southern  portion  of  this  tract. 
Taylor  divided  his  tract  into  smaller  sections  and  sold 
them  to  different  individuals.  A  man  by  the  name 
of  Powpather  had  a  large  tract  of  land  close  by,  if 
not  altogether  in  the  limits  of  the  present  village. 
His  laud  extended  westward.  Wlien  he  divided  his 
land  among  his  children  he  changed  the  name  on 
their  deeds  to  "  Brubaker."  After  this  lime  the  land 
in  this-  place  was  owned  by  ditferent  parties,  and  later 
was  owned  by  Jac(.b  Eshleman,  Christian  Shultz, 
and  others. 

The  first  house  erected  in  the  place  was  the  log 
hotel  above  mentioned.  There  wai  an  old  grist-mill 
in  the  idace,  destroyed  by  fire  long  prior  to  ISUO; 
afterwards  a  chopping-  and  still  later  a  saw-mill  was 
built  on  the  site  «f  the  old  mill,  but  the  latter,  too, 
has  long  since  disappeared.  The  first  blacksmith  in 
the  place  was  Henry  Eckman,  known  as  "plow- 
maker."  From  these  early  days  the  village  slowly 
but  steadily  grew,  until  the  census  of  1880  shows  a 
population  of  one  hundred  and  three.  David  Miller 
built  the  woolen-mill  about  1810.  He  also  built  the 
present  grist-mill  about  1825,  and  left  the  township 
many  years  ago.  His  widow  is  stjU  living,  in  Cumber- 
land County,  ill  lier  ninety-fourth  year.  Howry  & 
Eshelman  built  the  present  hotel  in  1825.  Among 
its  first  landlords  was  Richard  Kerns.  At  one  end  of 
the  hotel  building  Dr.  Semple  had  a  store,  and  was 
the  first  merchant  to  open  a  stock  of  goods  in  the 
village.  He  was  followed  by  Dr.  Robinson,  who  was 
succeeded  by  the  folh,uing:  David  Bair  tin  1831  s 
John  Rice,  and  Jacob  Htoutzenberger.  John  Peoples 
built  a  new  store-house  in  1847,  and  he  and  John 
Bair  opened  a  store  in  the  new  building,  now  owned 
by  F.  W.  Helm.  After  them  came  John  Peoples, 
Jacob  and   John   ISair,  ( Iroll'  Brothers;   in  18-l,s,  Joliii 


1018 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Peoples  and  John  Rolirer,  then  Rohrer  and  Hiram 
Peoples,  Rohrer,  John  Tweed  and  J.  K.  Raub,  Tweed, 
■Raub,  Raub  and  F.  W.  llehn,  Ilehn  and  Jolin  U. 
Peoples,  Helm  and  G.  J.  P.  Raub,  aiul  F.  W.  and  1). 
E.  Helm,  the  present  merchants. 

In  1S4G,  John  Hildebrau  purchased  the  old  loj; 
liotel  property  and  razed  it  to  the  ground,  and  upon 
the  site  of  tlie  old  building  built  his  present  store- 
house. A  large  arched  cellar  built  under  the  old  hotel 
remains  ill  a  good  state  of  preservation  under  the 
store  building.  In  1847,  John  Hildebrau  and  Jacob 
Myers  0])ened  a  stock  of  goods,  it  being  the  second 
store  in  the  village,  and  continued  three  years.  John 
Hildebrau  then  followed  for  five  years,  John  Girvin 
and  Wesley  Steacy  one  year,  then  Hildebrau  until 
1873;  from  that  time  to  1877,  J.  F.  and  Henry  An- 
drews; from  1877  to  1881,  J.  Hildebrau;  from  that 
time  to  the  present,  J.  Hildebrau  &  Sons. 

A  post-office  was  established  in  the  village  about 
1834.  Christian  Wenditz  carried  the  mail  from 
Strasburg  on  foot  oner  a  week,  lii>  nKiil-|K)U(h  lieiiig 
something  similar  to  the  pn-eiit  ^chnol-lMiyV  knap- 
sack. After  some  time  mail  was  received  by  stage 
from  Strasburg  twice  a  week,  then  three  times.  Within 
perhaps  twenty  years  a  mail-route  was  established  by 
stage  from  Lancaster  to  Muarryville,  supjilying  the 
village  with  a  daily  mail.  F<n-  the  pa^t  eight  years 
the  Lancaster  and  Quarryville  Uailrnad  supidies  this 
community  with  two  mails  a  day. 

The  first  postmaster  in  the  village  was  Jacoli  Stout- 
zenberger,  succeeded  by  John  Bair,  John  Peoples, 
John  Rohrer,  John  Hildebrau,  John  Rohrer,  and 
John  Tweed.  In  1863,  F.  \V.  Helm,  then  between 
twenty  and  twenty-one  years  (if  age,  was  appointed 
postmaster,  and  has  held  tlieoltice  continuously  until 
the  present  time. 

Among  the  professional  and  business  men  of  the 
village  in  1883  are  Gabriel  .-^inilli  and  two  sons, 
B.  F.  and  H.  Elmer  Sniitli,  wli,,  nm  a  flour-  and 
grist-mill ;  John  Hildebrau  i\:  Scins,  dealers  in  general 
merchandise,  also  in  coal,  lumber,  and  phosphate; 
J.  Hildebrau,  also  dealing  extensively  in  leaf  tobacco ; 
Michael  Jlowrer,  hotel-keeper;  Harry  Edwards,  dealer 
in  furniture,  etc. ;  Aaron  Grotf,  dealer  in  pho.sphates; 
Philip  Miller,  shoenmker,  and  dealer  in  boots  and 
shoes  ;  William  Miller,  confectionery  ;  Helm  it 
Brother,  dealers  ii>  general  merchandise  ;  Alirani 
Dennis,  blacksmith;  Harry  Dennis,  wagou-maker  ; 
A.  H.  Helm,  |ihysician  ;  Hiram  Heagy,  ticket  agent; 
Rev.  J.  (.;.  Smoker,  pastor  of  Fnited  Brethren  at  Ref- 
ton  and  other  places,  aUo  a  tailor;  Hiram  Peoples,  a 


the  hotel,  hence  its  original  name,  "Spread  Eagle." 
I  In  1818,  George  Snnth  imrchas^'d  the  property,  living 
:  there  until  he  died,  about  1S2S.     After  this  John  C 
and  Allii^rt  Smith,  sons  of  George,  came  into  posses- 
sion of  the  ijroperty.     In   1860,  John   C.  Smith  I)e- 
came  the  sole  owner  of  the  property,  keeping  it  as  a 
^  hotel  until    his   dralh,   which   occurred    about    1876.- 
I  His  widow   is  the   |iroi.i  ietress  at  the  present  time. 
William  McMulleu  opened  the  first  store  in  the  place, 
I  about  1833.     George  Smith  is  the  present  proprietor 
of  the   store.      A    post-oflice   was   established   there 
i  shortly  prior  to  1840,  and  John  C.  Smith   appointed 
the  postmaster.     From  that  time  it  has  been  known 
as   Smithville.     George   Smith    is   its   present   post- 


master. 


hotels 


New  Pr 


idence 


Hotels.— Aside  fi 
and  Sndthville,  there  are  three  .)thers  in  the  town- 
ship, known  as  "  Blue  Bell,"  "Hickory  Grove,"  and 
"  Union  Hotels."  Near  seventy-five  years  ago  a  jjer- 
son  known  as  Jane  Sargen  erected  a  small  log  build- 
in-,  in  wln.-li  -he  di-.|H.,-ed  of  Leer  and  cakes,  afler- 
uardskeeinngit  as  a  re,;:ular  lioiel.     The  old  building, 

kept  and  known  as  "Blue  Bell  Hotel"  up  to  the 
present  year.  It  is  situated  ou  the  Lancaster  and 
Port  Dejiosit  road,  about  centrally  in  the  township. 
The  elections  and  prineipal  business  of  the  townshiii 
have  taken  place  there  from  the  time  of  the  town- 
is  the  present  proprielor. 

"Hickory  Grove,"  laitlier  south  on  the  same  road, 
was  built  by  Jlrs.  Burgess,  mother  of  the  late  Josiali 
Burgess,  deceased,  and  was  first  o|)ened  as  a  hotel 
in  1858,  John  Uiley  being  its  first  landlord.  Harvey 
Rineer  is  the  present  pioprietor, 

"Union  Hotel,"  on  the  western  sid^  of  the  town- 
ship, on  the  Laiieastrr  and  Kawlinsville  road,  was 
built  by  Jacob  Eshleman,  who  kept  a  store  there 
about  two  years.  D:u'id  Grotf  afterwards  took  out  a 
license  for  a  hotel.     .lohn  Conrad  is  its  present  in- 


.-arh 


Nelso 


Dys 


Smithville. — This  hamlet  consists  of  a  hotel,  and  a 
store  and  dwelling  under  one  roof,  and  one  separate 
dwelling-house.  John  Bair  buift  the  hotel  about 
ISIO;  John  Hamil  was  Its  first  landlonl.  An  eagle 
with  outstretched  wings  decorated  the  sign  in  front  of 


Early  Schools,  Teachers,  etc.— .Vmo 

teachers  of  the  lo»nslii|i  were  -Moore  Connell  and 
George  Evans,  who  taught  as  early  as  l.SdU  in  a  log 
building  which  stood  near  the  Molar  Mine  hank,  in 

and  de~ks  eonslituling  its  funiiture.  The  text-books 
in  those  days  were  the  New  Testament,  spelling-book, 
and  ci|jheriiig-book. 

Among  those  who  taught  here  in  later  years  was 
Abraham  Brubaker,  who  is  still  living  in  the  town- 
shiii at  an  advanced  age.  Since  those  early  days, 
when  it  was  not  thought  necessary  lor  the  girls  to 
learn  to  write,  education  has  nuide  ra|)id  advancenieni 
in  the  township. 

As  showing  the  present  condition  of  the  public 
schools  in  Providence  we  append  the  f  illowing,  taken 
from  the  annual  repoit  lor  the  year  ending  ,)nne, 
1883  : 


PROVIDENCE   TOWNSHIP. 


1019 


Res.iun 


i;sij,'.i3 
■jii'oo 


$104.70 

;i(;7.'.is 

S472.07 


Religious. — t^ince  the  first  settlement  of  the  tow] 
M\,  thi-  Ol.l  :MemioiiitL's  were  the  first  to  biiilil 
church.  Later  in  its  history  the  Methodist  R|ii 
copal,  Church  of  I  lo,l,  ai..i  Uuitcl  ihvthrcu  ha^ 
huilt  churches  au.l   oi-aui/d   cou-rcL'aliou-.     Thi- 

is  one  (Jhl  a.ul  one  New  Mcu ,itc,  tuo  .McIIuhH 

Churches,  two  organization^  ol'  tlic  Church  of  ( io. 
and  a  United  Bretliren  Cluirch  iu  the  towu.>hi|). 

Old  Mennonite  Church.— Mure  than  one  htmdr, 
years  ago  this  dcuoniination  huih  a  hou.-c  of  woi.h 
at  New  Providence  (then  Bhick  Uois.-i.  It  wa-^  a  h 
structure,  and  served  in  its  early  days  fhr  both  chur. 
and  sclniol.  The  old  ehureh  was  replaced  hv  a  nc 
brick  one,  thirty-eight  feet  by  furty-eiirht,  in  IS,", 
Among  its  early  ministers  were  .Jacob  Nelf,  Christia 
Shaub,  Henry  Breneman,  Christian  Kerr,  and  Peti 
Eby  ;  later,  Benjamin  Ilerr,  Amos  Herr,  Elias  Gro 
and  Abram  UrubaUer.  The  first  Sunday-school  o 
ganized  in  this  ehureh  was  in  the  spring  of  187 
George    AVituier    was    its    first    superintendent. 

:uc.      lu  conneclii 


a-<    b. 


with   tl 
now  ha 


New  Mennonite  Church.— .\huut  is;j:! 
Bowman  donatcl  a  [jice  of  hmd  in  the  jiorthw 
;)art  of  the  township  upon  whi.-h  tin.-  New  Mem 
erected  a  log  building,  weathcr-boaidcd,  lor  thi 
fit  of  their  society.  The  main  building  is  f 
eight  by  thirty-two  feet,  with  an  attachuifut  lo 
Icct  .s.piare.  ■  The  value  of  the  church  prop, 
eight  hundred  dollars.  Henry  Bowman  la  hi 
John  Ilerr,  Jacob  Bowman,  and  .lohn  Ivohr 
tered  to  them  in  the  pa-t,  and  Henry  Weaver 
Keeports,    and     Christian     Howry    are     th.'    p 

Methodist  Episcopal  Church.— In  the  sju 


1  1835  Peter  Good   sold    a   piece   of  land   containing 
thirty-eight  and  a  half  jierches  for  the  sum  of  two  dol- 

I  Owens'  Chii-tian     Hart,    and    Robert    Bruce,    upon 
which  was  .to  he  erected  a  house  of  worship  for  the 
use  of  the  Methodist   i;piscoi)al  society  at  Clearfield, 
which  was  accordinelv  done  the  following  summer 
(l>s;i(i;.     Prior  to   that   time  Rev.   Tolbert   preached 
I  regularly  for  some  time  at  the  house  of  Robert  Bruce. 
I  The  church  was  built  of  stone,  size  twenty-eight  by 
I  thirty  feet.     In  1853  an  additional  piece  of  land  was 
purchased  of  Daniel  Good  and  George  Warfel,  and  a 
stone   attachment   of  twelve    feet  was   built  to   the 
church  the  same  year.     In  1876  the  old  stone  struc- 
'  ture  was  taken  down  and  the  corner-stone  of  a  new 
church  took  its  place  in  July  of  the  same  year,  Rev. 
Frederic  Brady  preaching  the  sermon  on  that  occa- 
sion.    By  the  3d  of  December,  of  the  same  year,  a 
I  neat  brick  edifice  was  completed,  the  dedicatory  ser- 
I  mon  being   preached   by  Rev.   C.   F.  Turner.     The 
I  present  membershii)  is  twenty-seven;  value  of  church 
■  property  two  thousand  two  hundred  dollars.     There 
is  also  a   good-sized   burying-grouud  in   connection 
with  this  church  property. 

I  )f  tliosewho  have  preached  at  regular  intervals  to 
members  of  this  congregation  have  been  Revs.  Tih- 
bh'>,  Hand,  Reed,  Miller,  Sumption,  J.  .MeGee,  Bay- 
nuni,  r.o.line,  Gregg,  William  McGee,  Horwell,  Ili- 
imu,  Shaier,  Collins,  and  R.  C.  Wood,  the  present 
pa-tor.  who  resides  at  Mount  Ncho. 

A  .--^unday-school  was  organized  early  in  the  history 
of  the  church,  Tihnau  TIkhusou  being  among  its  first 
supi  1  intendents.  A  Ihjurishing  school  is  now  sus- 
tained, an. 1  in  charge  of  J.  H.  Royer. 

Union  Bethel  A.  M.  E.  Church,— The  African 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church  was  organized  in  1872 
at  the  house  of  S.imuel  Slewanl.  The  following  were 
the  members  jjresent  for  organization  ;  \Villiam  Proc- 
1  tor,  Charles  Stewarfl,  Ha'unah  Rollins,  Mary  Jane 
Sweeney,  Mary  Green,  Maria  Rollins,  Stephen 
Sweeney,  and  Sophia  Steward.  .\t  this  meeting 
William  Proctor,  Samuel  Steward,  and  Stephen 
Sweeney  were  elected  trustees.  Previous  to  this  time 
Kev,.   Holland  and  Henry  served  this  people  at  their 


Tie 


be    Used 


le  hahi 
id.      Tl 


1.^72,  llisle.p  .1.  .\.  Shorter  olliciatiiig.  The 
wa-,  dedicated  the  lollowiuc  spriuL'.  The  lir,- 
i>ler  who  served  Iheni  aft.  i' the  Iniilding  of  t  he 
was  Elder  11.  H.  Eewis,  lollnwed  l.v  Rev. 
Paden,  Ehlers  ( i,  umes,  Henderson,  Davi.-,,  Rol 
.lackson  U.  Davis,  and  .) ,  I,,  Hamilton,  the 
l.ast,,r. 

Church  of  God.— .\t  a  meeting  at  the  hous 


1020 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


A.  Augustin,  in  Martic  township,  Aug.  17,  1840,  tliis  ; 
cliurch  was  organized  by  J.  C.  Owens,  minister  of  tlie  ' 
gospel.     The  original  nieuibcrs  were  Jolm  A.  Aiigns- 
7in,  Ann   Augustin,  Eiizabetli  Jiiller,  Elizabutli  Au- 
gustin,  .Arartin   .\ngustin,   Maria   Martin,  .Ii.hu    Au- 
gustin,  Jacob  Sliuitz,  and    Eiizabetli   Shultz.      The 
members  met  on  the  3d  of  December,  1840,  at  Pliilip 
Frankford's,  to  consider  the  propriety  of  building  a 
c'hurch.     It  was  then  unanimously  agreed  to  build,  , 
and  that  i_t  should  be  called  Union  Bethel.     Martin  ; 
Huber  offered  one  acre  of  lanil,  for  building  a  church,  1 
at   George   iMartin's   orchard,    which    was   accepted.  ' 
The  following  persons  were  elected  officers :  Treasurer, 
George  JIartin  ;  Building  Committee,  Samuel  Huber, 
Stephen  Wiggins,  Samuel  JIartin,  Abraham  Jlylin, 
John    Albright,    Philip    Frankford,   Jonathan    Sees-  ; 
holtz,  and  John  Lightheiser  ;  Trustees,  Martin  Huber,  j 
Jr.,    Ryland    B.    ^EoAlister,  John   Albright,  Samuel  ! 
.Martin',    Pliilii.    Frankford,   Ste])hen    Wiggins,    and 
John  Lightheiser.     The  church  was  built  in  IS.'.O,  of 
stone,  size  thirty  by  thirty-six  feet.   There  is  a  grave- 
yard   in    connection.      Value    of   church    property, 
one  thousand  dollars.     Of  those  who  Lave  ministered 
to  the  spiritual  wants  of  the  congregation  were  Revs. 
C.  Price,  in  18.51 ;  Abrani  Swartz,  lSo2;  Jacob  Keller, 
1853-54;  Jesse  HaiHeigh  and  William  Clay,  1855; 
Samuel  Crawford,  185(3-57  ;  Israel  Brady,  1S5S  ;  Simon  ' 
Fleigh,   1850-60;   John   S.   Stamen,   1801-1)2;    John  ' 
Tucker,  1803  ;  P.  K.  Shoemaker,  18(54;  John  Hunter,  | 
lSG5-(;('>;   C.  Amy,   18G7;  T.  Still,    18(38;  Jacob  W.  ' 
Miller,  1860-70;  J.  A.  McDonald,  1871 ;  S.  C.  Stone-  ' 
cifer,  1872;  A.  B.  V.  Orr,  1873-74;  William   Engler,  ' 
1875;  C.  C.  Bartels,  1876;   W.  Sanborn,  1876-77;  D. 
H.  Mumma,  1878-70;  Thomas  Still,  1880-81  ;  J.  W. 
Edwards,  1882;  and  Wilson  Smith,  1883. 

A  Sunday-school  was  organized,  and  sustained  dur- 
ing the  summer  season,  from  soon  after  the  church 
was  built  until  the  present  time. 

Fairview  Bethel  Church  of  God.— This  church 
was  organized  in  1879,  under  the  labors  of  Uev.  D.  H.  , 
Mumma.       Lewis   .\ucamp   and   John    F.    Wiggins 
were  elected  elders,  and   Benjamin  Cunkle,  Samuel 
Grotr,  and  Harry  H.  Wiggins,  deacons.     Other  mem- 
bers,   John    Wimer,    Susan   Wimer,  Ellen    Cunkle,  ' 
Barbara  Lisco,  Kate  Aueamp,  B.  .V.  Aucamp,  Fannie 
Groff,     Henry    Aucamp,    Susan    Swinehart,    Emma 
Bleacher,  L.  S.    Kendig,   Mary    A.   Wiggins,  Lydia 
Gochenour,  Annie,  Lelitia,  Ada,  and  Absalom  Goch- 
enour,  Barbara  Cunkle,  and  Uriah  Huber.    A  church 
was  built  in  1878  and  1879,  the  corner-stone  being  j 
laid  Oct.  9,  1878,  Elder  D.  L.  Laferty,  assisted  by  the  ! 
pastor,  officiating.     Elder  C.  H.  Forney  preached  the  i 
dedicatory  sermon  in  June,  1870.     A  Sunday-school 
was  organized  in  the  summer  of  the  same  year,  in  ^ 
charge  of  John  F.  Wiggins,  and  continued  in  the  j 
summer  of  each  year  since.     The  ditferent  ministers 
that  served  Union  Bethel,  the  moUier  churcli,  also  ' 
ministered  to  this  people  from  the  date  of  its  origina- 
tion. '' 


United  Brethren.— In  1863,  William  Johnson,  in 
behalf  of  a  lew  members,  purchased  the  old  Mount 
Hope  .Methodi.st  ICpiscopal  Church,  of  Druinore,  and 
moved  k  to  Providence  township,  where  they  had 
procured  half  an  acre  of  land  from  Dr.  Frick,  upon 
wliich  they' erected  the  old  structure  known  as 
-M..unt  ('annel  United  lircthren  Cliurch.  This  build- 
ing wa.  riuirely  dclroyed  by  lire  in  1871.  Aljout 
two  years  later  a  new  frame  church  was  built  upon 
the  site  of  the  old  one.  Rev.  Keys  and  Riger  offici- 
ated at  the  dedicatory  service.  The  pastors  wdio  have 
served  liere  have  been  Revs.  Lewis  Peters,  Corsey, 
Lee,  Carjjenter,  R.  Kaufman,  A.  Kaufman,  I.  Balt- 
zell,  H.  H.  Stehman,  J.  G.  Smoker,  Shellenberger, 
Dunkleberger,  and  Stehman.  The  church  was  sold 
a  few  years  ago  on  account  of  debt,  passing  out  of  the 
hands  of  this  society.  A  few  of  the  old  members 
have  again  i)urchased  the  property,  but  at  this  time 
are  not  controlled  by  any  ecclesiastical  body.  The 
number  of  members  at  present  is  twenty-three;  value 
of  church  proi)erty  seven  hundred  dollars.  Jacob  Esh- 
leman  and  Henry  Reese  were  among  the  first  to  take 
charge  of  a  Sunday-school  soon  after  the  organization 
of  the  church.  The  school  at  present  numbers  about 
twenty.    William  Peters  is  at  .present  superintendent. 

Graveyards.  —  Aside  from  thei  graveyards  con- 
nected with  the  above-mentioned  churches,  in  the 
western  part  of  the  township  is  one  known  as  Kuhn's. 
A  short  distance  east  of  this  is  Hart's,  now  owned  by 
the  Leamans.  On  the  farm  of  Elizabeth  Huber, 
lately  owned  by  Samuel  and  Martin  Huber,  is  an 
old  graveyard  which  lias  lately  been  inclosed  by  a 
subsumtial  stone  wall.  The  Hubers  and  Martins, 
with  many  others,  are  buried  there. 

Near  Bowman's  meeting-house,  on  the  farm  of 
Henry  Bowman,  also  inclosed  by  a  stone  wall,  is 
another  old  burying-gro.und,  the  inclosnre  lieing 
aUnost  full.  Many  graves  are  unmarked,  while  many 
others  have  limestone.to  mark  the  spot  of  departed 
ones.  There  are  but  few  marble  slabs  bearing  tlie 
name  and  age  of  those  resting  in  this  inclosure.  The 
following  were  copied  from  several  of  the  tombstones 
in  this  yard  : 

"  Henry  Bownmii,  a  Bishop  of  tlie  BeforoieJ  .Meiinonite  Cliurch,  Horn 
Oct.  0,  1795.     Dieil  Aug.  4,  1803,  iiged  07  yeurs,  9  mo.,  and  28  ila." 

"Murliu  Suavely,  born  Feb.  lOtli,  1700,  Died  Nov.  2d,  1877,  aged  S7 
yrs,  3  mo.,  :ui.l  10  da." 

■'Sn,;iiuia  Uiibor,  died  July  ICtli,  1K74,  aged  83  yra.,  1  mo.,  A  16  da." 

ber,  1716,  uiid  gfsturbeu  ileu  lieu  Jauuiir,  1819,  Beiues  .alters  72  jalue, 
HI  Monate,  uud  21  Tage." 

Farther  eastward  in  the  township,  in  early  times 
known  as  Brubaker's,  now  F.  Shroder's,  and  still 
farther  eastward,  close  by  the  New  Providence  school- 
house,  on   the  Stoneroad,  now  Thomas  Groff,  Jr.'s, 


roperty. 


where   tli 


.:henour 


Groffs,  and  many  others  are  sleeping  their  last  slee|i 
In  the  southeastern  part  of  the  township,  on  the  prop- 
erty now  fiwned  by  Christian  H.  Groff,  ilichael  Graft 
more  than  a  century  ago,  donated  an  acre  of  land  foi 


PROVIDENCE    TOWNSHIP 


1021 


a  graveyard  and  a  nieeting-housi>.  It  was  afterward, 
however,  deemed  advisable  to  luiild  the  nieetiiig- 
lioiise  at  Xew  Providence.  Tlie  haul  was  occupied  as 
a  l)iuyin,ir--romid,  the  donor  bcini?  the  first  person 
buried  in  it. 

Societies.— The  Xew  Providence  Cornet  Band  was 
organized  July  30,  1880.  The  original  members  were 
as  follows:  Hiram  Slienk,  E.  Galen  Barr,  Plarry  Ed- 
wards, W.  H.  Richardson,  John  G.  Ecknian,  Abiicr 
D.  Shnub,  Alfred  C.  Fisher.  JIadison  Edwards,  Amos 
Smith,  Galen  Sides,  Jesse  Edwards,  Samtiel  Shenk, 
D.  0.  Showalter,  Daniel  S.  Fisher,  and  Edward  Bow- 
man. 

The  following  was  the  organization:  President, 
W.  H.  Richardson  ;  Vice-President,  J.  G.  Sides ;  Sec- 
retary, E.  Galen  Barr ;  Assistant  Secretary,  John  G. 
Ecknian  ;  Treasurer,  Harry  Edwards.  The  whole 
cost  of  instruments  was  one  hundred  and  twenty-one 
dollars  and  ten  cents.  After  a  short  time  a  uniform 
for  each  member  was  contracted  for,  the  whole  bill 
amounting  to  five  hundred  and  fifteen  dollars  and 
seventy-four  cents.  A  very  fine  band-wagon,  built 
by  J.  Wenger,  Paradise,  was  purchased  by  the  band, 
at  a  cost  of  three  hundred  dollars. 

The  members  at  present  are  John  Wettig,  leader  ; 
Galen  Wade,  second  leader ;  Harry  Edwards,  Benja- 
nun  Myers,  Thad.  Lefevre,  Abner  D.  Shaub,  Alfred 
C.  Fisher,  INIadison  Edwards,  John  Long,  bass  drum  ; 
Walter  Shirk,  snare  drum;  Jesse  Edwards,  Abner 
Lefevre,  Oscar  Hersh,  Daniel  S.  Fisher,  and  William 
Wettig. 

Physicians. — About  fifty-five  or  sixty  years  ago  Dr. 
Daniel  Mnsser  commenced  the  practice  of  medicine 
in  New  Providence.  He  did  not  remain  very  long, 
and  afterwards  settled  in  Lampeter,  where  he  died  a 
few  years  ago.  Dr.  Duncan  located  in  jS'ew  Provi- 
dence in  1830,  and  afterwards  removed  to  an  adjoining 
township;  after  which  time  he  and  the  Drs.  Musser. 
were  depended  upon  when  medical  treatment  was  re- 
quired. About  1844,  Dr.  Rollins  came  to  the  village, 
remaining  about  a  year.  The  following  year  Dr.  Ben- 
jamin Musser  located  in  tlie  village,  remaining  several 
years,  afterwards  moving  to  Straaburg  township,  then 
to  the  borough  of  Strasburg,  where  he  died  in  July, 
1883.  In  1850,  Dr.  John  K.  Raub,  a  student  of  Dr. 
Benjamin  Musser's,  graduated  at  the  Philadelphia 
College  of  Medicine;  in  1851  he  practiced  a  short 
time  at  Eden,  Lancaster  Co.,  then  at  Hawksville 
about  a  year,  when  he  moved  to  tjuarryville,  where 
he  practiced  the  profession  of  his  choice  for  three 
years.  In  1856  lie  selected  New  Providence,  Lancas- 
ter Co.,  as  his  field  for  practice.  He  was  what  might 
be  called  a  self-made  man.  As  time  moved  on  he  soon 
l)roved  himself  to  be  a  man  of  marked  ability  and 
superior  medical  jutlgment,  taking  his  place  in  the 
front  ranks  of  his  medical  brethren  in  the  county. 
His  counsel  was  ofttimes  sought  for  by  his  neighbor- 
ing |)ractitioners.  He  had  an  extensive  practice,  en- 
joying the  unbounded  confidence  of  the  cnuiiuunity 


for  miles  around.  Yet  young  in  years,  in  the  midst 
of  an  active  and  busy  life,  surrounded  by  family  and 
'  friends,  he  was  called  from  time  by  death  in  June, 
]S07,«in  the  thirty-ninth  year  of  his  age.  He  was 
married  to  Leah,  daughter  of  John  Peoples.  Two  of 
his  clnld'ren,  Lclia  S,  and  G.  J.  P.  Raub,  are  still 
'   living. 

,       Dr.  W.  J.  Wentz,  a  student  of  Dr.  Raub's,  was  as- 
j  sociated  with  his   precejitor,  and  a  few  years  after- 
,  wards  opened  a  separate  office  for  a  short  time  in  the 
'  township,  moving  to  Strasburg  township  a  short  time 
previous  to  Dr.  Raub's  death.     About  that  time  Dr. 
M.  W.  Raub  opened  an  office  in  the  western  part  of 
the  township,  continuing  for  several  years,  and  then 
moved  to  Lancaster  City.     In  1SG8,  Dr.  A.  H.  Helm 
'  completed  his  medical  course  at  Jefferson  Medical 
College,  and  succeeded  his  late  preceptor,  Dr.  J.  K. 
Raub,  at  New  Providence,  where  he  has  been  prac- 
,  ticing  his  profession  until  the  present  time. 
I      Prominent  Citizens.— .\mong  the  prominent  citi- 
zens of  the  township  is  John  Strohm,  Sr.,  who  served 
'  in  the  State  Legislature  in  1831-33,  and  in  the  State 
i  Senate  from  1834  to  1842,  also  in  Congress  from  1845 
:  to  1849;  John  Strohm,  Jr.,  who  served  the  people  as 
a  county  commissioner;   John    Peoples,  who  was  a 
i  director  of  the  poor  of  the  county ;   Hiram  Peoples, 
who  was  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  in  1877 
and  1878,  and  again  in  1881-82 ;  and  Benjamin  F. 
Rowe,  who  was  elected  sheriff  of  the  county  in  1856. 
Of  Mr.  Strohm,  Sr.,  above  mentioned,  the  following 
is  a  brief  and  truthful  sketch  :  His  parents  were  raised 
'  in  Strasburg   township,  but  in   early  life  moved  to 
'  Little  Britain  township,  in  this  county,  in  that  part 
of  it  which  now  com|)oses  the  township  of  Fulton. 
!  There,  on  the  16th  of  October,  17'J3,  he  was  born,  at 
!  a  place  now  known  as  Dr.  AVood's  •mill,  about  a  mile 
'  southeast  of  the  village  of  Pleasant  Grove,  and  about 
a.  mile  north  of  the  Maryland  line.     When  he  was 
twelve  years  old  Jiis  father  moved  back  to  Strasburg 
township,  where   John    remained  as  a  farmer's  boy 
until   lie  was   twenty  years  old,  going  to  school  for 
three  iir  four  imiiitli>  in  the  winter  season  until  he 
was    sixteen    \r.ns    nld.      In    his    twentieth  year  he 
taught  a  >(  liMol  fur  three  months  at  a  school-house  on 
!  the  Valley  r..;i,l,  aUuiit  half  a  nnle  from  Hawksville. 
The  last  of  his  -eludars  who  then  attended  his  school 
was  buried  in  May,  1883,  aged  eighty-six  years,  John 
Mowrer,  a  rc>iaeiit  uf  this  township. 

At  that  time  there  was  not  a  single  house  in  what 
now  comprises  the  village  of  Quarryville.  At  the 
I  termination  of  his  first  quarter  in  teaching  he  returned 
to  his  father's,  and  remained  working  on  the  farm 
until  the  fall  of  1815,  when,  at  the  solicitation  of 
Christian  Herr,  he  undertook  to  teach  a  sclioid  in  his 
'  neighborhood,  in  Lampeter  townshiji.  There  he  con- 
tinued as  a  teacher  until  the  spring  of  1821,  when  he 
commenced  farming,  having  married  in  1817  a  daugh- 


1022 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


.  In  1830  his  name  was  brought  before  the  county 
convention  as  a  candidate  for  the  Legislature,  without 
his  knowledge  or  expectation.  His  name  and  cliar- 
acter  being  hut  little  known  throughout  the  coiuily, 
his  friends  failed  in  their  attempt  to  have  liini  nimii- 
nated.  The  next  year  tliere  wasa  (H.-ipo^ition  to  iimke 
a  change,  and  his  friends  succeeded  in  placini;  liis 
name  ujion  the  ticket  and  electing  him.  IK-  wu>  re- 
elected in  the  fall  of  1832  and  1S33.  In  ls:;4  he  was 
nominated  and  elected  a  member  of  the  Senate  for  a 
term  of  four  years,  and  in  1S3S  was  re-elected  to  the 
Senate  for  another  term  of  four  years,  thus  making 
eleven  years  which  he  served  consecutively  in  the 
Legislature  of  his  native  State. 

In  1845  he  was  elected  to  Congress,  and  in  1847  was 
re-elected,  making  four  years  in  Congress. 

In  1833  he  purchased  a  small  property  in  Providence 
(then  Martic)  township,  where  he  continued  to  reside 
until  1882,  a  period  of  forty-nine  years.  He  then 
moved  to  Lancaster  City,  where  he  at  i)resent  resides. 

He  has  in  the  mean  time  filled  various  minor  offices 
and  places  of  trust.     He  was  one  of  the  first  board  of 
directors  of  the  Strasbnrg  Bank,  and  assisted  in  the 
organization  thereof.     He  was  one  of  the  first  board 
of  directors  of  the  Farmers'  Mutual  Insurance  Com-  I 
pany,  and  secretary  thereof  for  thirty-six  years,  and  j 
its  president  for  two  years.     He  was  president  of  the  | 
Big  Spring  and  Beaver  Valley  turnpike  from  its  first  I 
organization  to  the  present  time.     He  was  treasurer 
of  the  school  board  of  Providence  township  for  six  [ 
years.     He  has,  as  assignee,  trustee,  executor,  or  ad-  | 
niinistrator,  settled  more  estates  and  acted  as  guardian  I 
for  more  minors  than  any  other  man  in  the  county  | 
during  his  time.     He  was  for  twenty  years  an  acting  j 
justice  of  the  peace  in  Providence  township. 

John  Peoples,  a  native  of  Chester  County,  moved  j 
to  Providence,  Lancaster  Co.,  about  1822.  He  was  i 
one  of  the  most  active  and  energetic  men  in  the  town-  I 
ship  and  community  in  which  he  lived  of  his  day.  j 
The  scriptural  adage  might 
"Whatsoever  thy  hand  findet 
might.- 

He  built  a  large  store-house 
and  blacksmith-  and  wheelwrii 
of  New  Providence,  aside  from  other  buildings  out- 
side the  village.     He  served  the  county  in  the  ca- 
pacity of  director  of   the  poor,  and   was   generally  j 
among  the  foremost  in  every  enterprise  or  undertak-  I 
ing  beneficial  to  the  community.     He  was  married  to  j 
Susan  Miller.    They  had  sons  named  Abner,  Hiram,  [ 
and  John  M.,  and  daughters,  Annie,  Mary,  Anumda,  ! 
and  Leah  P.    The  daughters  married  George  Witmer, 
John  Eohrer,  John  Tweed,  and  Dr.  John  K.  Raub. 

Abner,  the  oldest  son,  married  Martha,  dangliter  of 
John  Hess,  and  is  living  in  Strasburg  township.  Jdhn 
M.,  the  third  son,  married  Maggie  Royer,  of  Potts- 
town.  He  at  this  time  is  Professor  of  Mathematics 
in  the  State  Normal  School  at  Lock  Haven,  Pa. 
Hiram,    the    second   .son,    who    attained    legislative 


honors,  lives  on  the  lioniestead  in  this  township.  lie 
married  Maria,  daughter  of  John  Brackbill.  Their 
children  are  John,  Ida,  Angle.  Carhitta,  and  Jlaria. 
The,elder  Peoples  died  in  18G2,  iifthe  sixty-ninth 
year  of  his  age.  His  widow  survived  him  until  the 
spring  of  1883,  when  slie   died,  in   her  eighty-sixth 

Mills  and  Manufactories.— .\side  fmni  the  gri>t- 

mill,  built  by  ilartin  Iluber  about  twenty-six  years 
ago,  its  present  owner,  John  Strohm,  Jr.,  being  the 
contractor.  It  was  built  upon  the  site  of  an  old  mill 
which  was  among  the  first  in  the  county. 

A  short  distance  south  of  Strohm's,  Henry  Brene- 
man  built  a  mill  about  1813.     It  is  of  stone,  some  of 
1   an  old  furnace  which  stood  close 
dour-sills,  which  are  cast,  came  from 


which  came  frc 
by.  Some  of  th 
the  same  place. 

Furnace  Run 
the  above  mills. 

A  W'Oolen-mi 
Strohm's,  is  nov 


the  motive-power  for 


well    a|)ply  to   him : 
I  to  do,  do  it  with  thy 


r  ilwellHig-liouses, 
ihops  in  the  village 


on  the  same  stream,  north  of 
n  o[)eration.  It  was  built  by  Cyrus 
Royer,  and  is  the  successor  of  an  old  woolen-mill  that 
had  been  operated  for  many  years.  The  woolen-mill  at 
New  Providence,  above  mentioned,  owned  by  Nel-nn 
Dyson,  manufactures  satinet,  blankets,  flannels,  yarn, 
and  carpets. 

An  Old  Landmark.— In  the  western  jiart  of  the 
township,  on  a  farm  now  owned  by  Isaac  DiUer,  of 
Lancaster  City,  an  old  furnace  was  operated  before 
Revolutionary  days.  Piles  of  cinder  mark  its  loca- 
tion to  this  day.  Cannon-balls  were  cast  at  this  fur- 
nace during  the  time  of  the  Revolution  and  hauled 
by  teams  to  Wilmington,  Del.  In  those  exciting  times 
the  men  who  worked  there  atone  time  became  alarmed, 
thinking  that  the  English  were  close  upon  them,  just 
about  the  time  they  were  ready  to  cast,  and  rather 
than  let  it  fall  into  their  hands  they  chilled  it,  the 
solid  mass  of  cold  iron  remaining  there  to  this  time. 
The  soil  has  been  gradually  filling  up  around  the 
seat  of  the  old  furnace,  so  that  at  present  the  farmer 
can  idow  over  it  without  its  interfering  with  the  plow- 
share. 

Railroad.— The  t^uirryville  Branch  of  the  Colum- 
bia and  Reading  Railroad  intersect-s  the  townshi|> 
from  the  northwest,  passing  through  the  township  in 
a  southeasterly  direction,  having  a  station  and  ticket- 
ofiice  at  New  Providence,  and  a  flag-station  about 
one  and  a  half  miles  farther  south  called  Hess,  >cj 
named  by  the  company  in  honor  of  John  Hess,  who 
donated  a  half-acre  of  land  to  them  for  the  above- 
mentioned  purpose. 

HlOGRAPHKlAL    SKETCHES. 


Hon.  John  Stn. 
(then   Little   Brit;i 


OIIN   .STKOHM. 
,vas  born   in    Fulton  tow 
Lancaster  Co.,  Oct.  IG, 


:i^^->.-- 


^^^'^"■{  jx. 


^If/J^u 


PROVIDENCE   TOWNSHIP. 


His  ancestors  were  of  Geniian  origin,  and  emigrated 
from  Wiirtemberg.  David,  liis  fatlier,  embarl:ed  for 
tliis  country  in  company  with  liis  jiarents,  but  on  tlie 
voyage  his  father  died,  and  was  buried  at  sea.  The 
widow,  witli  her  ^lmal]  family  of  two  sons  and  a 
daugliter,  landed  at  I'liihidelidiia,  and  finally  settUd 
in  Strasburg,  Lancaster  Co.  The  son  David  married 
a  daughter  of  John  Herr,  a  Mennonite  preacher  of 
Lancaster  County,  who  was  the  mother  of  the  subject 
of  thistketch. 

The  latter  enjoyed  but  meagre  educational  advan-  ' 
tages.  In  the  year  1S04  his  father  purchased  a  farm 
in  Strasburg  township,  and  in  the  spring  of  1805  oc- 
cupied it.  From  that  time  he  was  able  to  attend 
scliool  but  a  few  months  in  the  winter  season.  He 
was,  however,  a  great  reader,  and  lillrd  hi^  mind  from 
this  source  with  a  large  amount  ni  vahialilc  informa- 
tion, and  by  close  study  and  research  fitted  himself 
for  a  teacher,  a  calling  whicli  he  pursued  for  a  num- 
ber of  years  in  liis  native  county.  In  1817  he  married 
Susan  Bair,  (laughter  of  John  Ilerr,  of  West  Lampeter 
townshij),  continuing  the  business  of  teaching  until 
1821,  when  he  resumed  the  avocation  of  a  farmer. 
In  the  year  1831  he  was  the  Anti-JIasonic  candidate 
for  the  Legislature  of  the  State,  and  succeeded  in 
being  elected  by  a  hanclsome  majority.  He  was  re- 
elected to  the  Lower  House  in  1832  and  1833,  and  in 
1834  was  elected  to  the  Senate  for  four  years.  He 
was  re-elected  to  the  Senate  in  1838  for  a  second  term 
of  four  years,  making  eleven  consecutive  years  during 
which  he  was  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature.  In 
1842  he  was  elected  iiresident  of  the  Senate,  the  du- 
ties of  which  office  he  performed  with  so  much  fidelity 
that  no  appeal  was  ever  taken  from  his  decision.  In 
1844  he  was  elected  to  represent  his  district  in  the 
National  Congress,  and  in  1845  took  his  seat  in  that 
body.  He  was  re-electe<l  in  184G.  In  1851  lie  was 
the  candidate  for  canal  commissioner  of  the  State. 
In  1852  he  was  a  memberof  the  National  Convention 
which  nominated  Gen.  Winfield  Scott  for  the  Presi- 
dency, and  in  1869  of  the  State  Convention,  at  Phil- 
adelphia, which  nominated  Governor  (ieary  for  the 
oflice  of  Governor. 

In  his  legislative  capacity,  Mr.  Strolim  was  more 
noted  for  assiduous  attention  to  business  and  a  watch- 
ful care  of  the  interests  ol'  his  constituents  and  of  the 
community  at  large  than  for  Ijrilliancy  of  talent  and 
oratorical  display.  He  was  always  ])lain  and  simple  in 
his  habits  and  tastes,  easy  of  access,  kind  and  oblig- 
ing, and  held  in  general  respect  for  his  integrity  and 
uprightness  of  character.  His  first  wife  died  in  1832. 
In  1857  he  married  for  his  second  wife  Mrs.  Ann  Wit- 
mer,  widow  of  John  Witmer,  who  is  the  companion 
of  his  declining  years.  He  now  lives  in  quiet  retire- 
ment in  the  city  of  Lancaster,  at  the  advanced  age  of 
ninety  years. 

The  children  of  Jlr.  Strolim-l)y  his  first  wife  living 
in  ISR:;  art-  llrtli.',  wife  uf  -Martin  ,-^haiib,  oi  ICan^as'; 
llcnrv,  who  reside,,  in   l,.wa  City;    Mary,  wli.,  also 


lives  in  Iowa;  John,  Jr.,  of  Lancaster  County;  and 
Samuel,  who  lives  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

John  Strohm,  Jr.,  is  a  well-known  resident  of  Prov- 
idcnce.towM^hip.  He  was  Ix.rn  Dec.  14,  1824,  enjoyed 
only  a  coiiinu.a  scIhioI  eiliicati(jn,  and  at  the  ago  of 
twcnly-om?  wiiit  to  learn  the  milling  business  with 
Christian  Shultz,  of  Strasiiurg  township,  which  be- 
came his  life-work.  In  1855  he  began  to  ojierate  the 
mill  now  owned  by  him  in  Providence  township, 
where  he  has  since  continued,  having  made  valuable 
additions  to  and  improvements  in  the  property.  He 
is  a  Republican  in  politics,  and  has  tilled  various  im- 
portant offices  in  hi-  tuwn-hip,  including  a  service  of 
twelve  years  on  the  -.cliuol  board,  a^  well  as  filling  the 

I  office  of  auditor  of  Lancaster  County,  and  of  com- 
missioner of  the  county  in  1868-70.  During  the  war 
he  was  i)0Stmaster  at  Smithville.     He  married  Fanny, 

-  daughter  of  Daniel  Mylin,  of  West  Lampeter  town- 

I  ship,  and  has  had  three  children,  viz. :  Harry,  a 
clerk  in  the  county  treasurer's  office  at  Lancaster; 
B.  Franklin,  in  New  Mexico;    and    Elmer,  in  Col- 

!  orado. 

t  JO.SIAH    BURGESS. 

i       Josiah   Burgess  was  born  at  Leesburg,  Lancaster 
I  Co.,  Pa.,  on  i\Iay  5,  1818.     His  father,  John  Burgess, 
'  kept  the  hotel  at  Leesburg  for  many  years,  and  was 
j  well   known   throughout  the  southern   part  of  Lan- 
[  caster  County.     At  an  early  age  Josiah   was   com- 
I  pelled  to  provide  for  himself,  and  wdien  twelve  years 
of  age  entered  the  employ  of  John  NetT,   of  Stras- 
I  burg  township,    as   a  farm-boy,   with   whom  he   re- 
mained six  years.     During  that  time  he  acijuired  at 
!  the  district  schools  of  his  locality  the  limited  educa- 
tion with  which  he  entered  u])on  the  stern  duties  of 
life.     When  lighieen  he  engaged  in  shad-fishing  on 
I  the  Delaware  River  for  one  season,  and  then  adopted 
]  the  trade  of  a  ])()st-maker  and  fence-builder,  an  occu- 
I  pation  wliich   he  jiursued  in  the  winter  season    for 
many  years.      For  seventeen   years   lie  worked    for 
Christian  Harnish,  of  Pecjuea  township,  during  hay- 
ing and  harvest-time.  About  the  year  1850,  having  by 
;  hard  labor  and  patient  industry  saved  a  small  compe- 
I  tency,  he  purchased  forty  acres  of  land  in  Providence 
]  township  of  Maj.  Hoopes,  which  became  a  part  and 
the  nucleus  of  his  late    landed  estate  in  that  sec- 
tion.    In  1852  he  erected  a  snnill  barn,  wdiich  is  now 
I  the  central  |)orlion  of  the  edifice  on  his  homestead, 
occu])ying  as  a  residence  for  seven  years  a  small  log 
house  of  jirimitive  character  on  the  same  estate.     In 
1857  he  built  his  late  residence.     At  different  times 
he  added  to  his  landed  property  and  also  to  his  build- 
ings, and  at  the  time  of  his  death,  Dec.  2,  1882,  had 
acquired- four  farms  in  his  neighborhood,  including 
over  one  hundred  and  eighty  acres  of  land.     \t  the 
time  of  his  first  settlement  in  tlie  western   part  of 
Providence  township  the  land  was  very  poor,  and  it 
seemed   almost  a   hopeless  task  to  reclaim  it  to  the 
purjioses  of   prohtablc   agriculture;    but   by   dint   of 


1024 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


bard 


rk,  indomitable  energy  and  determination, 
and  untiring  industry  Mr.  Burge.ss  succeeded  in  de- 
velojiing  bis  land  into  one  ol'  the  finest,  best-culti- 
vated, and  most  productive  i'arms  in  bis  section  of 
Lancaster  County.  It  lias  been  said  tbat  be  wbo 
causes  one  blade  of  gra.^s  to  grow  wbere  formerly 
tbere  was  none  is  a  benefactor  to  his  race,  and  if  this 
be  true,  Mr.  Burgess  is  entitled  to  the  admiration  and 
respect  of  mankind,  and  to  a  jnominent  place  among 
the  suct/^ssful  farmers  of  his  native  county.  A  man 
of  limited  education,  born  under  unprnpitious  cir- 
cumstances, with  nothing  to  encourage  or  stimulate 
him,  he  accomplished  what  he  did  in  life  by  the  ex- 
ercise of  a  determination  of  character  and  a  unity  of 
purpose  that  has  nuide  men  in  other  spheres  great. 
He  was  no  seeker  after  public  place,  but  filled  in  a 
creditable  manner  the  position  of  school  director  in 
his  township  for  several  years.  He  was  a  regular 
attendant  of  the  Clearfield  Methodist  Episco]>al 
Church,  and  contributed  with  a  liberal  spirit  to  the 
support  of  tbat  and  other  evangelical  and  worthy  in- 
stitutions. His  personal  integrity  was  never  ques- 
tioned. He  married,  Aug.  15,  1.S43,  Barbara,  daughter 
of  Mary  and  John  Shroad,  of  Piojvidence  township, 
who  survives  him  in  1888.  AlMough  they  had  no 
children  of  their  own,  they  reareu  and  cared  for  not 
less  than  ten,  whom  they  trained  and  educated  in  a 
proper  way. 


dence  stands,  which  he  has  since  erected,  and  in  which 
he  expects  to  jjass  the  remainder  of  his  days.  Mr.  \Vig- 
gins  in  early  life  was  a  Whig.  When  the  Republican 
party  was  formed  he  joined  its  ranks,  and  has  since 
been  a  sturdy  supporter  of  its  jjrinciples.  He  has 
been  a  school  director  for  many  years,  also  a  justice 
of  the  peace,  and,  in  fact,  has  held  most  of  the  offices 
within  the  gift  of  his  fellow-towrtsmen.  In  the  county 
conventions  of  his  party  he  has  many  times  repre- 
sented his  township.  On  the  1st  of  May,  183.3,  he  was 
married  to  his  present  estimable  wife,  who  was  Miss 
Elizabeth  Bowman,  born  in  Providence  township, 
June  20,  1813.  Her  jiarents  were  John  and  Eliza- 
beth (Winters)  Bowman.  Jlr.  Bowman  was  born  in 
Lampeter  township,  in  Lancaster  County,  :May  5, 1791, 
and  at  this  writing  is  still  living,  hale  and  liearty. 
His  father  was  Henry  Bowman,  whose  father's  name 


idso  He 


night 


STEPHEN    WIUCilMS. 

Robert  Wiggins  was  born  in  Kent  County,  !Md., 
where  he  grew  lo  manhood.  In  1807  lie  immigrated  to 
Lancaster  County,  Pa.,  and  located  in  Colerain  town- 
ship. He  married  Hannah,  daughter  of  James  and 
Elizabeth  Hambleton.  Their  children  were  Mercy 
Ann,  born  Dec.  19,  1809;  James,  born  Feb.  2,  1811 ; 
Stephen,  born  July  19,  1812;  Rachel,  born  Nov.  11, 
1813;  David,  born  March  3,  1815;  Sarah,  born  Feb. 
4, 1817  ;  Eliza,  born  Aug.  27, 1818 ;  Martha  Ann,  born 
Jan.  7, 1820 ;  Hannah,  born  June  30, 1821 ;  and  Lydia, 
born  Sept.  25,  1825.  James  .Plambleton  came  from 
Bucks  County,  Pa.,  and  settled  in  Druniore  township, 
Lancaster  Co.  They  were  Quakers,  and  of  Scotch 
origin.  He  died  Jan.  27,  1833,  his  wife  March  4, 1832. 
Robert  Wiggins  died  Oct.  31,  1842;  Mrs.  Wiggins  died 
Sept.  8,  1870. 

Stephen  Wiggins,  the  subject  of  our  sketch,  was 
born  in  Colerain,  above  named,  July  19,  1812,  and 
grew  to  man's  estate  therein.  His  education  was  ob- 
tained at  the  old  log  school-house  at  Chestnut  Level, 
and  since  added  to  by  close  observation  and  an  active 
business  life.  When  twenty-two  years  of  age  he  com- 
menced life  on  his  own  account,  first  learning  the 
turning  trade.'  He  worked  at  his  trade  one  year  only. 
In  1834  hesettled  on  thirty  acres  of  land  in  Providence 
township,  which  had  been  given  to  his  wife  by  her 
grandfather.  He  added  forty  acres  to  the  tract,  all  of 
which  he  has  cleared  and  improved.  He  first  built 
a  log  house  near  where  his   lucseiit  comfortable  resi- 


County.  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Bowman  died  in  ISOS.  To 
j\lr.  and  Mrs.  Stephen  Wiggins  there  have  been  born 
thirteen  children,  viz.:  Samuel,  born  April  11,  1835; 
David,  born  June  1,  183G;  Benjamin,  born  April  3, 
1838;  John,  born  July  8,  1839;  Hetty,  born  Dec.  9, 
1841;  Hannah,  born  April  4,  1843;  Clayton,  born 
May  31,  1845;  Mary  Ann,  born  Aug.  25,  1846;  Ellen, 
born  March  (J,  1848;  Angelfne,  born  July  4,  1850; 
Elias,  born  Marcli  IS,  1852;  Martha,  born  Nov.  2, 
1853;  and  Harry,  born  Sept.  16,  1855.  The  sons  of 
Mr.  Wiggins,  made  enthusiastic  by  the  patriotic  zeal 
of  tlieir  father,  did  their  full  share  towards  putting 
down  the  Rebellion  of  1861.  John  enlisted  in  the  One 
Hundred  and  Twenty-second  Pennsylvania  Infantry, 
and  served  during  the  war;  Benjamin  and  Clayton 
both  served  nine  months  in  Pennsylvania  regiments, 
Samuel  seven  months,  and  David  put  in  a  substitute. 


CHAPTER    LXX 

K.Al'llU     tOWN.sHU',' 


Rai'.io  town.hip  <■..„ 
the  Big  Chilci-. null. all, 
township  in  the  count; 
twenty-seven  thousuiid 
The  soil  is  composed  of 
that  jjortion  lying  south 


-  ..(  all  the  lands  between 
Ilk  IS  (.'reeks.  It  is  the  thini 
II  urea,  containing  ncarl\ 
res  of  good,  arable  laud, 
iiestone,  gravel,  and  sand 
the  Manheim  and  MounI 


Joy  road  (formerly  the  okl  Tulpehocken  and  An- 
derson Ferry  road,  being  exclusively  limestone  soil, 
and  all  north  of  said  road  is  gravel,  while  that  nearest 
the  hills  is  sand.  This  townsliip  begins  at  the  Leb- 
anon County  line,  and  extuiuls  to  the  confluence  of 
the  two  Chtkis  Creeks,  where  tlieir  waters  empty  into 
the  Susqurlianna  Pivr,  at  wliat  is  called  the  "  Cliikis 
Hills."  This  township  is  a  small  county  in  length, 
it  being  nearly   twenty-two  miles  long;   in  width   it 


^^tt^yju'^^''^^'^/^/^ 


IIAPITO   TOWNSHIP. 


1025 


is  iibout  eight  miles.  The  two  creeks  wliicli  heivi  in 
tlie  townsliip  liave  tlieir  source  at  iihiiost  tlie  siiiiie 
place,  only  the  hill  calleJ  "  Govei-nor  Hood,"  or 
"Pinch,"  dividing  them.  This  townsliip,  particu- 
larly the  upper  portion,  is  well  supplied  with  spline's 
and  running  water,  and  in  wealth  docs  not  link 
much  of  heing  one  of  the  first  in  the  ciiujity.  Its 
assessed  value  for  taxable  inirpooes  is  thii.  luillidn 
five  hundred  thousand  dollars,  and  the  people  claim 
to  have  tlie  best  and  finest  farms  in  the  county. 

Tlie  great  Pennsylvania  Central  Pailroad  passes 
through  a  ]Kirti(Hi  of  the  township,  and  the  lleailing 
and  Columbia  runs  along  a  part  of  the  southeastern 
boundary.  There  are  old  public  highways  in  tiiis 
township  the  wsewds  of  which  date  back  as  far  as 
1702. 

Kapho  received  its  name  from  a  parish  of  Rapho, 
in  Donegal  Courity,  Irclaiid. 

It  was  organized  in  1711.  In  that  year  many  of 
the  inhabitants  of  the  nortbeast  part  <if  D.Jiiegal 
township  asked  the  conn  to  (uder  a  division  of  said 
township  (the  same  being  too  large).  The  court  ilid 
order  that  the  township  be  divided,  and  that  the  lioi  th- 
western  branch,  then  couimonly  called  '"  Little  Chi- 
ques-so-longo,"  be  the  ilivision  from  the  forks  of  said 
creek  until  the  same  extend  northeasterly  to  Warwick 
and  Deny  townships,  ami  that  the  lanils  lying  be- 
tween these  two  streams  be  called  the  township  of 
Raiiho,  and  in  May  of  the  saiiie  year  the  ]ictitioii 
was  acted  upon  favorably,  'i'he  first  settlers  were 
Scotch-Irish  in  the  lower  portitm,  while  in  the  upjier 
and  central  part  it  was  settled  by  .Swiss  and  (leruiaiis, 
but  of  late  years  tlie  Pennsylvania  1  Hitch  have  taken 
exclusive  possession  of  the  lands,  (  )ne  of  the  first 
settlers  was  an  old  man  by  the  name  of  William 
Pattei-son,  (jf  Scotch-Irish  descent,  who  came  into 
the  townsbii)  and  located  upon  three  hundred  acres 
of  land  in  the  southern  jjart.  He  was  aecom|>ai]icd 
by  his  wife,  and  had  liothing  but  a  lew  cooking 
utensils.  He  liuilt  a  small  log  cabin  li-r  hiiiiself  and 
wife,  and  lived  in  the  same  lor  years  as  happily  aiid 
comfortably,  in  his  estimation,  as  do  his  followers 
at  the  present  day  in  their  large  mansions.  lie 
farmed,  liveil,  prospered,  and  raised  a  tiimily;  and 
less  than  fifty  years  ago  the  Pattersons  owned  quite  a 
number  of  farms  in  the  township,  the  same  ranking 
now  as  some  of  the  best  in  the  county,  yet  not  one  of 
them  is  now  owned  by  a  Patterson. 

Samuel  Scott  was  another  of  the  oldest  settlers. 
As  early  as  1721  he  located  on  a  large  tract  of  land 
on  the  Big  "  Chikis."  He  owned  land  on  both 
sides  of  the  Chikis  Creek,  and  also  built  the 
"Chikis  Hotel"  iii  his  later  years,  wliich  he  gave 
to  his  nepliew',  Hugh  I'cdaii,  who  kept  it  during  the 
l;ivoluti(jnary  war.  It  ua^  afterwards  kept  by  John 
(iuy,  who  rail  a  line  of  stages  from  Lancaster  to  Har- 
risbnig.  \t  this  hotel  Gen.  Washington  was  a  guest 
on  se\eral  occasions.  Lt  was  a  model  building  in  its 
ilay,  and  it  stood  as  the  saiiic  old  structure  until 
lA 


within  a  few  years,  when  it  was  torn  down  from  top 
j  to  foundation,  and  in  its  stead  a  splendid  private  resi- 
!  dence  was  erected  by  Mr.  Andrew  Garber,  who  is  the 
owner  ot  it  and  also  of  the  Chikis  Mill. 

The  land  then  taken  by  Samuel  Scott  is  now  owned 
by  the  Ebys,*Stehmau,  Shank,  lirubaker,  Xissley,  and 
others.  The  market  value  of  these  farms  (o-day  is 
not  less  than  two  hundred  dollars  per  acre,  thus 
showing  the  great  change  as  to  value  between  then 
and  now. 
i  Hugh  Pedan  in  the  year  17sri  owned  three  hundred 
and  ninety-six  aeres  of  Kind  and  had  one  liegi-o.  He 
was  man-led  to  Sarah,  daughter  of  .Mai'garet  Bogg 
(widow),  who  died  in  the  year  17;)i;. 

.laiiies  Patter>on  was  in  the  year  17SU  subject  to 
the  tax  on  six  Imiidred  and  twenty  acres  of  land  in 
the  township;  this  land  wa,  along  the  Chikis.  He 
died  in  17.S'J,  aiid  willed  three  hundred  acres  to  his 
sons  William  and  Samuel. 

The  Norrises  were  ciuite  old  residents  of  Kaiiho.  In 
17;M,  Isaac  Norris  had  five  bundled  acies  of  patent 
land,  partly  in  Uiiidio  un.i  pait  in  llemplield  town- 
.-hip.  He  sold  Ihiee  hundreil  and  thiity  acres,  and 
this  was  supposed  to  have  been  the  Cassel  aiid  Heishey 
land. 

Elizabeth  Norris  ipiit-claimed  to  Deborah  Norris 
five  hundred  and  sixty  acre,  <if  land.  This  was  ad- 
joining land  of  Martin  Oriter.  Dehoiah  was  a  daugh- 
ter of  Isaac,  and  she  sold  this  land  t,.  Johu  Long. 

The  Sterretts  were  also  quite  early  settlers  of  the 
township.  They  owned  land  on  both  sides  of  the 
Chikis,  both  in  Ilapho  and  Donegal  townships. 

Henry  Acker  ouned  the  farm  now  in  possession  of 
.loiias  .\luma  and  the  Henry  StauH'er  farm.  His 
father  owiied  all  the  laud  now  owiied  by  the  Ni.sslys, 
Staulfers,  Munia,  .iiid  .loseph  ( 'a-sel.  .The  record  of 
this  dates  back  to  17:;;i.  lie  was  the  giaiidfather  of 
Henry  Staufler,  iiow  living,  and  who  is  in  his  eighty- 
second  year,  and  the  pie-ent  owner  aiid  [losicssor  of  a 
portion  of  these  land-. 

Ludwick  Met/  was  aiiother  old  settler,  of  more  re- 
ceiit  date  than  tho-c  ju-t  drseribe.l.  He  owned  a 
tract  of  land  in  ih.  |.,,\o.|,,p,  aiid  built  the  house 
now  standing  lip-i.  ih-  larm  of  Christian  Erisman, 
built  in  the  ye.o  I  77  I,  .iiid  loidcs  as  if  it  could  stand 
another  unc  hiindied  ye.ii,.  -Mr.  Erisman's  mother 
was  a  Jletz.  'I  l.i  i.  were  .[iiite  a  number  of  Metzes 
in  the  township  lioni  the  year  1700  to  ISOO,  but 
there  is  not  a  ^letz  in  the  tovMiship  to-day. 

X  still  older  building  can  be  seen  in  the  township 
on  the  farm  now  owned  by  Jacob  W.  Snyder,  for- 
merly JIartin  Ni.ssly's.  This  house  also  promises 
to  withstand  the  blasts  of  another  century.  This  was 
built  by  John  Bora  in  the  vear  17(i9,  who  then  owned 
two  hundred  .liid  nliei.  -  ,  :  a.  les  of  land,  the  same 
being  the  fam,,  u..,'.  o^.e  I  by  Christian  Kohrer, 
Albert  lab,  and  .laeoh  W.  Snyder. 

A  circiim.-taiicc  of  veiy  rare  oi:ciirrence,  being  con- 
nected with  these  old  domains,  ami  deserves  notice. 


1026 


HISTORY   OP   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Martin  Xissly  started  out  in  life  for  liiinstlf  on  tills 
same  farm  (containing  tlien  but  one  Inindred  and 
sixty  acres  of  land,  and  Inw  since  been  divided  into 
two  distinct  farms).  Here  be  liecaine  fatlier,  i,'rand- 
fatlier,  and  even  more  Iban  {rreat-<;randfatlier,  living 
here  all  tbi.s  lifetime,  dying  berc'aM.l  attaining  tbe 
age  of  eigbty-tbree  years,  and  tbe  first  and  only 
funeral  ever  occurring  in  tlial  Imn-e  dnring  all  tliat 
long  )ieriod  of  time  was  tbal  of  bi.s  own, 

Tbe  cljurcb  deiKiminatiims  in  tbe  townsbip  are  tbe 
Mennonites,  New  and  OUl,  ;iiid  tbe  l>unl;ers  ;  of  tbeae 
there  are  three  di-tinct  brani'lies, — "  I5rincerites," 
River  Brethren,  and  tbe  original  or  "Old  Breddren." 
The  last  two  have  large  and  commodious  meeting- 
houses in  the  townsbiii,  with  ample  liurying-grounds 
adjoining  the  same,  which  are  well  kept  up. 

There  is  a  Reformed  Evangelical  meeting-house, 
generally  termed  IIos.-,ler's  meeting-house.  This  was 
entirely  demolished  by  a  bnrrieane  a  few  years  ago, 
but  it  has  since  been  rebuilt;  the  congregation  is 
very  small,  and  has  no  regular  stationed  pastor. 

The  United  Brethren  have  one  church,  wdiich  is 
better  known  by  the  name  of  Strickler's  meeting- 
house, with  a  graveyard  attached.  This  congregation 
is  not  very  large. 

The  Mennonites  have  one,  known  as  Erismaii's 
meeting-house;  here  services  are  held  every  four 
weeks.  This  congregation  is  quite  large  ;  there  is  also 
a  fine  cemetery  associated  with  it. 

The  Old  Brethren  have  a  large  meeting-house, 
known  as  Stern's,  near  Mastersonville,  which  was 
completed  about  a  year  ago;  it  has  taken  the  place 
of  an  old  stone  meeting-house,  which  for  want  of  size 
and  convenience  was  torn  away,  and  a  large  frame 
building  erected,  dimensions  one  hundred  by  fifty 
feet.  During  the  raising  oi'  tlii^  building  there  were 
one  hundred  iiidividnals  pre-ent,  and  for  want  of 
sufficient  care  and  caution  the  hnihling  gave  way 
(after  the  greater  ])arl  had  heeii  put  nii),  tbe  timber 
breaking,  killing  three  men  oulrigbt,  and  crippling 
and  mangling  many  othei-. 

There  are  agreat  n  umber  o  fold  gravi  yards  th  re  jugb- 
outthis  townsbiii.  (Inemay  lind  thein  in  the  corners 
of  woods,  in  the  middh- ,,f  Ih-lds,  in  la.t.  .me  may  find 
one  on  alnio-.t  eveiy  (.ihci-  fann.  Nejriy  all  of  them 
are  obsolete,  and  MJme  ol'  them  the  |ih)w  has  run 
across,  and  the  hmies  of  tin-  dead  are  employed  to 
hasten  the  growth  ol  ve;jetatirjn.  The  tombstones, 
wdiere  there  are  anv,  are  iifiui  ordinary  slate  or  sand, 
and  the  iuseriptinus  are  completely  dehieed  on  the 
old  ones.  Son.f  dale  hack  to  1710,  IVl'O,  a„d  so  on, 
but  all  that  is  viMhIe  i.  the  date. 

The  villages  of  this  township  are  small  and  few. 
Sporting  IliU'is  one  of  tbe  largest.  It  is  beautifully 
located  (,n  a  considerable  bill  on  the  ol<l  Blanheim 
and  Jlount  Joy  imblie  road,  two  miles  from  the 
former,  and  five  miles  from  the_ latter  jdace.  It  is 
<|uite  an  anti(|iiated  town,  and  received    its  iireseiit 


ity  years  ago  called  Cassel 


A  man  by  the  name  of  David  Cassel  was  the  first 
oneer  ofthe  place.  He  built  tbe  first,  second, 
ird,  fourth,  and  filth  liuu.es  in  the  place,  all  two- 
!  story  buihLing^,  and  these  are  all  now  stand'in-, 
almost  a  century  old,  I'romincnt  among  them  an? 
tbe  hotel  and  tbe  (dd  store-building  owned  by  .I(phn 
Met/.ler's  estate.  Tbe  ]dace  has  about  two  hundred 
inhabitants.  One  hotel,  a  large  three-story  brick 
storedu)Use,  a  post-oflice,  Josejih  R.  Zug,  postmaster, 
a  two-story  brick  school-house,  with  a  graded  school, 
two  blacksmith-shops,  one  carriage-manu factory,  a 
wagonmaker-shop,  a  cigar-manufactory,  a  leaf-to- 
bacco warehouse,  and  some  other  shops,  such  as  tailors 
and  shoemakers. 

This  place  has  no  cbureh  and  never  had  any,  an.l 
yet  as  honest  men  and  women  have  live<l  and  died 
here  as  the  world  ever  knew.  Prominent  ammig 
tbein  was  John  Metzler,  who  died  two  years  ago, 
eighty-six  years  of  age,  a  man  of  great  natural  ability, 
and  upon  whose  word  people  could  safely  rely,  Xo 
amount  of  money  could  induce  him  to  act  contrary 
to  what  be  had  jiromised. 

Ill  early   life  he   was  a   miller,  then    be  became  a 

the  mercantile  business  ibr  over  thirty-five  years. 
Shortly  before  he  abandoned  the  business  he  erected 
a  large  three-story  brick  bouse  for  a  store  and  dwell- 
ing-house, but  he  sold  it  in  1859,  to  Noah  H.  Zook, 
who  carried  on  the  business  until  1804,  when  he 
sold  out,  and  with  his  brother,  Abraham  Zook,  went 
South  soon  after  the  close  of  the  Rel.iellion.  I'.oih 
were  killeil,  and  .Vhrabaui's  body  was  found  in  the 
midst  of  a  eanebrakc,  jiartly  devoured  l)y  birds. 
The  cor]>se  was  hiougbt  to  Lancaster  for  interment, 
,  but  tbe  holly  ol'  Noah  was  never  found,  nor  any 
I  traces  of  it  discovered.  They  were  brothers-in-hnv 
Of  David  Evans,  ex-county  superintendent  of  puhlic 
scho(dsof  Lancasici-tAmnty. 

The  store  propeil>  is  now  owned  by  the  heirs  of 
John  Staulfer,  and  tiie  store  carried  on  by  .loseph  1!, 
Zug. 

Near  tbe  village,  at  the  foot  of  tbe  bill  on  the 
Manbeim  road,  is  a  dishlh  ry.  It  is  tbe  oldest  in 
the  county,  Ik 
tbe  Revoluti.,n 
on  by  Henry  1 
Kanfiinairs  d.- 
Tbese  preini-.  - 
enty-five  acre^  > 
rad  Wolf  in  17 
cessively  to  .M 
chael  Kaulfman 
and  Jacob'  Ka 


vin-  he.-n  a  distillerv  as  early  a 
uv'war.  It  is  owned  and  carrie, 
aiilfmau,  and  it  has  been  known  a 
iihi\    m.M.'   than   seventy-five  year^ 

,o.  a  pail  ol  one  hundred  and  sev 
I  I, Old  which  was  deeded  to  one  Con 
:;,  f'jom  him  they  have  passed  sue 
jbael    I'.augbmau,  Henry   Ni,ssly,  M\ 

.Vbraham  Cassel,  Christian  Martin 


caster  ami  I. 
F.  Dilfender 


Ihlh. 

r   of   He 

iry   Ka 

ad,  i. 
ler  ,1 

ling    Hi 
Old  Lin 
id  mercb 

1,  on  tl 
.■  jiost-o 
int. 

KAPIIO   TOWNSHIP. 


tliu  jMouiit  Joy  towri- 
the  lino  of  Lebanon 
IS  Thomas 


One  of  the  most  thri' 
is  JFastersoiiville,  sitnati 
.ship  line,  iiboiit  two  niili 
County.     The   ioun.k-r   of  this   villag-i 
Miisterson,  who   umi^iate.l    frnm    iR-hunl  ahoiit  >,ixt.v 

11  half  miles  nnrth  ol'  ihc^  vilhi-c,  upon  which  he 
erected  a  fine  stone  niansi,,n,  now  own.-.l  \,y  11.  N. 
Becker,  lie  ]>urchase<l  the  land  on  wliieh  the  village 
is,  and  Wii,s  appointed  the  postmaster  there.  His  en- 
terprise and  activity  soon  attracted  attention,  and  a 
few  persons  purchased  lots  and  erected  dwellings 
there.  Joseph,  his  son,  being  a  person  i>(  considerable 
enterprise,  established  a  store,  and  built  some  large, 
fine  brick  dwellings. 

Here  is  a  large  and  commodious  hotel,  called  the 
"  E.Kchange,"  which  was  erected  by  Samuel  R.  Zug, 
and  which  is  kept  by  his  son,  Samuel  S.  Zug.  In  the 
large  brick  store  built  by  Benjamin  and  John  S.  Mas- 
terson,  the  mercantile  business  is  carried  on  by  John 
S.  Masterson.  He  is  the  present  postmaster  and  jus- 
tice of  the  peace. 

Another  son,  Thomas,  Jr.,  was  manager  for  many 
years  at  Hoiiewell  for  the  L'olemaiis.  JKt  has  devoted 
much  time  and  study  to  the  collection  of  Indian 
relics. 

Dr.  Joseph  Thomb,  a  physician  of  large  practice, 
resides  in  the  village.  He  is  a  grandson  of  John 
'I'homb,  a  prominent  magistrate,  who  resided  in  Leb- 
anon, Pa.,  during  the  Revolutionary  war.  His  son. 
Dr.  William  B.  Thomb,  also  practices  in  the  village. 
The  place  lias  a  population  of  about  one  hundred  ami 
fifty  inhabitants. 

There  are  two  Dunker  meeting-houses  near  Mas- 
tersonville,  one  of  the  "  Ilever  Brcder"  ("  River 
Brethren"),  and  the  other  of  the  "0|<|a  llreiler" 
("Old  Brethren"). 

Between  Old  Line  and  Mastersonville  is  Union 
Square.  It  ha-  a  hotel  ];ept  by  Reuben  Shelly,  and 
it  is  oiic  of  the  election  |"dl,  of  the  townshi|).  JI.  J. 
Brecht,  the  present  comity  siii>erintendent  of  public 
schools,  resides  here. 

Newtown,  another  village  in  the  e.\treme  southwest 
part  of  the  township,  is  also  an  old  town,  nieknamed 
"Drytown,"  from  the  fact  that  it  never  had  ,i  taveiii. 
It  is  situated  among  the  llnest  farms  in  the  townsliip. 
It  has  never  been  a  thriving  town,  and  the  buildings 
are  principally  small  log  ami  frame  houses  occupied 
by  persons  of  small  means.  Of  late  there  have  been 
some  modern  dwellings  of  more  pretentious  dimen- 
sions erected.  There  is  a  country  store  in  this  place, 
one  church,  of  tlu'  .Alethodist  denomination,  a  graded 
school,  kejit  by  Rufus  H.  Hippie,  who  has  taught 
this  school  for  more  than  twenty  years. 

The  principal  industry  of  this  township  is  agri- 
culture. The  cultivation  of  tobacco  is  extensively 
carried  on,  and  the  tobacco  raised  in  the  gravel  and 
sandy  land  is  of  a  sn|u.'rior  quality,  being  of  a  tiner 
texture  and  better  Havor. 


Mills.-Thcre  are  two  mills  on  the  Little  Chikis 
and  four  on  tlie  Ihg  Chiki,  Cieek.  There  are  no 
manufactories,  with  tlie  e.\eeptiou  ol'a  I'uriiaee  in  the 
northeastern  corner,  iieai  the  Lebanon  County  line, 
owned  and  carried  on  by  A.  Bates  Grubb.  Charcoal 
is  used  e.-velii^ively  toi  Mjielting  ore,  and  the  be-t  and 
highest-priced  iron  is  manufactured  here. 

Schools.— In  1837,  Raidio  township,  having  pre- 
viously accepted  the  terms  of  the  .school  law  of  18.14, 
showed  the  following  statistics:  there  were  in  the 
township  fifteen  school-houses,  in  which  sixteen 
teachers  were  employed  in  the  instruction  of  nine 
hundred  and  four  [jupils.  The  amount  of  tax  levied 
for  school  purposes  was  .■?1U2'J.33,  to  which  was  added 
a  State  ai)]n'opriation  of  $1040.93,  making  a  total  of 
^^2070. 20.  The  ex|jenditures  were  largely  in  excess 
of  these  receipts,  reaching  the  sum  of  $4443. 38,  of 
which  mm-e  than  one-half,  $2000,  was  paid  out  for. 
new  buildings,  showing  that  this  was  an  era  of  de- 
cided advancement  in  the  township. 

Following  are  the  statistics  as  reported  at  three 
subsequent  times  or  periods. 

lu  1855  the  number  of  schools  was  seventeen,  num- 
ber of  teachers  eighteen,  number  of  scholars  nine 
hundred  and  liltyiiine.  The  total  amount  ot  tax 
levied  lor  the  year  wa-  SLliHl;  amount  received  I'roiii 
the  State,  !<3o0.7U  ;  and  amount  received  from  collec- 
tor as  school  tax  §2535.20.  The  cost  of  instruction 
$2232.55,  and  the  other  exjienses  merely  nominal. 

In  1800  the  numl'er  of  schools  and  of  teachers  was 
eighteen;  the  numl.er  of  pupils  had  decreased  to 
eight  hundred  and  lour  ;  ami  the  sum  of  S325.54  was 
received  from  the  State,  and  .'s0413.10  from  the  col- 
lector of  school  tax,  unseated  lands,  and  other  sources. 

The  cost  of  instruction  was  i=2',)35.50  ;  cost  of  build- 
ings, $2523.82,  and  other  expenses,  .$075,  leaving  a 
balance  on  hand  of  $378.78. 

In  1882  the  number  of  school-houses  had  been  in- 
creased to  twenty-one,  and  the  number  ol  teachers 
was  the  .same,  while"  the  number  of  i.npil.-,  was  eight 
hundred    and    seventeen.      The    total    receipts    were 

pro|n-iatioii.      Tlie   e.\pendituies    were   .s^i.SOl.ol,   and 


till 


ably  with  aii} 

for  more  sclu 

Among  th. 

system  to  wle 


I, ,  and   there  are  loud  calls 
ol  ilistricts. 

d\o.  ates  of  the  free-school 
'.lit  is  due  for  its  adoption 


in  this  town-hip,  were  I'eter  Brubaker,  Christian 
Stautler,  Siimuel  Ihiibaker,  .\braham  Her.shey,  James 
Burns,  and  .b.h,.  ^l.  i  I.  r  :...■,.  the  northern  and  mid- 
dle portion,  .Oil  i..e  I  .,1  ,.  ,1,.  and  Stricddeis,  from 
the  lower  or  s.,uil.eiii  end.     They  were    tln>ii  but  a 

by  constantly   agitating    the    matter,  and   by  calling 


HISTORY    OP   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


into  requisition  all  exertions  and  etlbrts,  the  luke- 
warm were  nnule  to  yield,  and  tlie  unyieUlina;,  by  a 
•  majority,  were  compelled  to  submit.  The  spirit  ol" 
0)ili03ition  luis  not  yet  wlioUy  died  out. 

The  principal  source-  o('  this  oppo-ition  ciiine  from 
the  Dunkcrs  and  .■\Ieuuoiiites,  but  now  there  are 
many  among  them  zealous  advocates  of  the  system, 
proud  to  have  their  children  well  educated. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  justices  of  the  peace 
in  Rai.ha  since  lS-10:  William  D.  Slaymaker,  1840 ; 
Christian  Stautler,  1841 ;  John  Hays,  Jlichael  Garber, 
1842;  Abram  Erisnian,  1845;  David  May,  1847;  Sam- 
uel JIasterson,  1S48 ;  Jacob  II.  AVhinler,  1850;  Sam- 
uel R.  Zug,  1853  ;  D.  B.  Grofl",  1855  ;  Samuel  R.  Ziig, 
1857;  Tobias  II.  Hershey,  18G1 ;  Tobias  S.  Staulfer, 
1862;  Peter  S.  Staulfer,  1860;  John  B.  ilasters'on, 
1SG7;  Joseph  Baker,  1SC8  ;  Tobias  H.  Hershey,  1870; 
Joseph  S.  Stigler,  1871;  Christian  Good,  Jr.,  1873; 
Henry  Greiner,  1874;  Jacob  Stauffer,  1875;  W.  J. 
Manger,  1S7G;  J.  E.  Stauffer,  188U;  3.  S.  Zug,  1881. 

The  following  is  a  li>t  of  the  taxable  inliabitaiits  of 
Rapho  tounsliip  for  175G: 


Henry 


Joliii  WeTiger. 
I'oter  Hummer 
Morli.i  Wi-i.lel. 


MelclH.r  r.i,.  „!T. 

Jaoub  Su.v.ler. 

EsloMum,  Henry 

Ge.,i-eKii,-l.. 

Georfo  Erhord. 

Eslemaii,  Jatob. 

MuiilM  51. .nil,. 

\yKlow  Will»o,i. 

Ksleman,  Is.u.c. 

J, .In.  ILire. 

Moses  WbltB. 

Kslemaii,  Abralia 

JacubScgiist. 

Jacob  Uooslond. 

Kslejuan,  Jubn. 

Authony  Fiahborn. 

Samuel  Muckebenuy. 

Erismau,  Jacob. 

Conraa  Fibhbun,. 

Chrialiau  lieiller. 

Erismau,  Cb.isti 

John  Hummer. 

James  HudaosOM. 

Erisman,  Jacob. 

Itudy  H.ire. 

Cbrlstiau  .MaMin. 

Fox,  Jacob. 

Geori;(iS..i.uaii. 

J.diji  SheUeuberger. 

Eletclier,  J.iaeph 

Jacob  Flory. 

Jubi,  Sbmbb 

Fo.^,  I'eter. 

Mike  K.iselhonger. 

l;obe,lll.,ys. 

Fretz,  Jobii. 

Weiilel  Silil.jr. 

.\rtbur  I'allersou. 

Fre.~k.r,  I'elor. 

John  Bowman. 

Jamea  .Slerret 

Christbui  E.-bbacb. 

Jacob  llobrer 

Oeor-c  Win.l. 

Abram  f'os»el 

JHke  Erbi.i.l. 

Martin  Coryil 

Jacob  HoIbMimii. 

Josepli  Lon;;. 

-S.imnol  Biuml. 

Henry  H..nm 

Oeort-e  Eller. 

}Ieury  Nissly 

John  Lean.on. 

Abo  itife. 

Christian  Kling. 

John  Martin  (am  weag). 

Jiiculi  Kowel. 

Jacob  Sl.ringor. 

Jacob  Meeste. 

Gooigo  Minig. 

Jacob  Uei^er. 

Slei,ben  Hake. 

Joseplk  Flory. 

Widow  Sl,,,ner. 

Jacob  Fox. 

Lud>s-ick  Jlet.. 

il.i.iyL..»lij-r. 

Widow  Ack.r. 

Ai..liew  R.de.iberger. 

I'etor  Brubaker. 

Cl.ri.t.aii  Sti.der. 

James  ratlei-son. 

J,,e..b  SI, . illy. 

HaviJIlays. 

J.,bn  \e-elly. 

Rudy  Hare. 

Auke 

,nen,y 

Boide 

,,  Benja 

Dram 

Samuel 

Bram 

,  Samue 

Brand 

Christia 

Draly 

Dennis. 

Brand 

,  Cbiiali 

Caflle,  Joseph. 
C.altle,  Abraham, 
t'altle,  Jacob. 
Dunkle,  Sebastian 
Donner,  Christian. 
Evejpole,  Voste. 


,CI,i 


Eiter,  He 


[ATORS   IN    1777. 


Longnecker,  Solorn 

Longnecker,  I'eter, 
Lenian,  Peter. 
Lenian,  Pauiel. 
Lesher.Heniy. 
Lesher.  Casper. 
Lincb.Jobn. 
Loi,gi,ecker,  Mich: 


gnecker,  Daniel, 
genecker,  Henry. 


Myer,  Joshu.v. 
Miller,  Henry. 
Myliiiger,  .Abraham. 
MattB,  Lodowisk. 
Malts,  Jacob. 
JIatsel,  WinJse. 


SADSBURY  TOWNSHIP. 


Eiso,  Jucoli. 

Snoringen,  Lawrence. 

Itise,  Willi, w.                ' 

Springer,  Jolm. 

■    Uueb,  CliiistiuM. 

Shook,  Martin. 

Killer,  Juliii. 

SIniren,  Sanniel. 

Sui.ler.Jiicob. 

ShftT.T,  5Udmel. 

Slieoll.oun,  Bultzer. 

Shank.Jului. 

Shiirtzir,  Jiicub. 

Winger,  Stephen. 

•       Shrler,  Fi.Jenck. 

Winger,  Clirislian. 

Shur,  John. 

Winger,  Henry. 

Sliuumcker,  Pliilip. 

Winger,  John. 

SliumackiT.Julin. 

Wilier,  I'hilip 

Sliurnniki}r,J^liilip,  Jr. 

Warnir,  I'liilip. 

Sbuuracker,  .\ntl;ony. 

W.irner,  Geoige. 

Sbolly,  Christian. 

Waggoner,  Jliehael. 

Slmckler,  Woodbrey. 

Wringer,  John. 

Struckler,  Henry. 

Winger,  Isaac. 

Sneringen,  Juhn. 

Winger,  Cliristian. 

Hefra^tory. 

Hugh  Tolen. 

Thomas  Williamson. 

Geurge  Brittleback. 

John  Wliilniore. 

FitzliiinU  Slophel . 

Abram  Winner. 

George  Wine. 

Joseph  Whitjnere. 
Michael  Stol.hcr.    i/ 

irenry  Cling. 

Daniel  ijlnme. 

Duncan  Robison. 

George  Aller. 

rAXABLES   IN  1780, 


Willow  Boggs. 
George  Berglebougb. 
Philip  Baker,  2  stills. 


Peter  lirnbaker,3 
John  Buikett. 
Philip  Bain. 
Christian  Brand. 
John  Brnbaker. 


,  Ben 


William  Corran,  1  n 
Matthew  Chanibera. 
Abram  Cnpard. 
Prnncis  Corp. 
Thomas  CoiniUy. 
Christian  Cover. 
Peter  Cookerly. 
Martin  Crymer. 
Robert  Curry. 
Ale.xander  Dosart. 
Bastian  Uunkle. 
David  Eden. 
Isaac  Eshleuian. 
Jacob  Eslileman. 
Joh 


i,.y  llogmui,. 
nry  Hershi-y, 


1  Habver. 
lli-gy,  Jr 


I  Eshlenni 


Abram  Eluos.. 
Jacob  Erisma., 
Christian  Erb; 
Casper  Fester. 
John  Fegley. 


aril  Hilton. 


Joseph  Little,  1  negro. 
'Willow  Little. 

Jacob  Itife. 
Willow  Kife. 

Christian  Longonecker. 
Michael  Leaher. 
Christian  Long,  1  mill. 
Cliristian  Longeneckor,  Jr. 
John  Leman,  Sr. 

Peter  llnle. 
Aiilhoiiy  Sh 

UliicliStricl 
JobnShenk 

Daniel  LcHuui,  1 

Daniel  Longenec 
Jo=elih  Lung. 


Vendlo  Maitzal. 
Stel.hen  Myor. 
Samuel  McCrack 
Benjamiu  Mills. 
John  Mishey. 

Benj; 


ry  Mills 


Barnard  Marti 
Henry  Nisley, 
Michael  Nntz. 
George  Nukey 
Henry  0»er. 
Jacob  Over. 


Henry  S\v;i 
John  Sprin, 
Michael  Sh 
John  Seeve 

Micb.iel  Sti 


Fr 

de 

ick  Shreier. 

Sobaat 

an  Seiileustl 

He 

Jo 

111 

nry 

Tisinger. 

s! 

irl 
ph 

s  W  alkw. 
nWenger.l 

Cb 

an  Wenger. 

GHAPTEK    LXXIV. 

SAI).?BU11Y    TOWNSIIIl'. 

Sadsdury  was  the  lirst  settled  .ind  the  e.irtiest  or- 
gauized  township  in  Lancaster  County.  Prior  to  the 
erection  of  this  county  it  was  a  part  of  Sadsbury, 
Chester  Co.,  and  included  the  present  townships  of 
P.art  and  Eden.  As  now  constituted,  it  is  bounded  on 
the  north  by  the  townships  of  Paradise  and  Salisbury, 
on  the  southeast  by  Chester  County,  and  on  the 
southwest  by  Bart  and  Colerain  townships.  The 
surlace  of  the  township  is  rolling,  and  the  soil  is  fer- 
tile and  well  adapted  to  agriculture,  which  is  the 


1030 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


chief  imrsuit  of'tlie  inhabitants.  It  is  well  watered 
by  the  luunerous  tributaries  of  the  Octorara  Creek, 
which  flow  across  it  toward  the  west.  On  these 
•streams  numerous  saw-mills  were  erected  at  an  early 
period.  JIany  of  these  have  gone  to  decay  since  tlie 
<'oiuitry  has  become  denudeil  of  the  forest  growth 
whicli  the  original  settlers  found  here.  A  fulling- 
niiil  was  built  near  where  the  town  of  Cliristiana  now 
is.  abfHit  the  year  177.3,  by  Calvin  Cooper,  who,  it  is 
said,  brought  the  machinery  from  England.  From 
the  earliest  settlement  of  the  country  till  near  the 
middle  of  the  present  century  nearly  all  the  cloth 
worn  by  the  people  in  the  rural  districts  was  of  do- 
mestic manufacture;  and  fulling-mills,  within  reason- 
able distances  of  each  other,  were  almost  indispen- 
sable. The  spinning-wheel  and  tlie  lomn  are  now  no 
longer,  as  of  old,  portions  of  the  furniture  of  every 
house;  and  the  wool-carding  and  cloth-dressing  mills 
have  gone  out  of  e.xistence  because  their  "  occupa- 
tion's gone."  Grist-mills,  that  soon  superseded  the 
]irimitive  mortar  in   wliirh   corn   was  convi-rti-d   into 

capacity  as  the  forest  \\a=  cleared  auay  and  the  area 
of  arable  land  grew  larger.  Jloore's,  Sterrett's,  and 
Taylor's  grist-mills  were   erected  soon  after  the  or- 


up 


lii-t 


sirr  (' 
Pe 


<W.ur 
.Man. 


iperty. 
1,   an"d 


and  alterwar.l    William   Penii   h.catol   .Inertly  .m 

eluded  the  old  Shawnee  village,  ami  uliich  i. 
known  as  the  ^Villiam  Penn  tract.  .\t  the  s; 
time  his  surveyor,  Isaac  Taylor,  lociited  a  tiact  i 
Xohleville,  and  William  Clayton,  an  e.'.^-nieml.e 
I'ruit'-  « '..un.il  i.f  .'-;tat,',  took  up  another  tract 
jiiiniu-  Ihe  ..Id  Sa.Minry  meeting-house 
Th.njia.  .Sti.iy,  a  uienil.er  of  I'enn's  ('ni 
James  L.igan,  his  .^..MTctary  of  Stale,  als.)  l.M'ated 
large  tracts  in  the  I'e.piea  Valley,  ii..rtli«  ar.l  tV.mi 
the  Gap.  The.se  loeati(His  were  made  in  17lMi.  Tlie 
tract  of  one  thousand  and  fifty  acres,  on  a  i.ait  <>( 
which  Christiana  stands,  was  taken  up  as  "servants' 
land"  under  warrants  issued  in  1702  and  17U.'!,  and 
was  surveyed  in  1709.  The  title-deed  recited- that : 
"Whereas,  John  Thomas,  Margaret  Thomas,  Anthony 
Morgan,  Elizabeth  Morgan,  John  Jones,  Richard 
Kantliroll,  Daniel  Thonuis,  I'^linor  Tliomas,  John 
Floyd,  Humphrey  E.lwards,  Jeremiah  Osburne,  Elias 
Curne,  Jacob  Willis,  Evan  Williams,  Margaret  Wil- 
liams, Edmund  McVeigh,  Alice  McVeigh,  Abraham 
I'ratt,  .lane  Pratt,  Thonms  Pratt,  and  J(din  Pratt,  all 
of  the  iirovince  ol'  Pennsylvania,  having  come  over 
servants  into  the  i.rovince  at  the  settlement  thereur, 


and  thereby  having  severally  rights  to  fifty  acres  of 
j  land  each  in  said  province  by  virtue  of  the  Proprie- 
i  tary'^  promise  in  England,"  etc. 

The  original  settlers  of  the  township  were  Fj'iends 

i  and  Scoteh-Irish  Presbyterians.     Roth  had  left  tlieir 

native  coiinti-ie«  In'causc    their   religiotis   sentiments 

were  not  in  aecor.l  with  those  of  the  prevailing  sect 

:  there,  and,  a-,  u-^ual   in  such  cases,  their  difference  of 

j  opiinon  in  religious  matters  engendered  bad  feeling 

I  between  them  as  citizens.     Tlie  Quakers  were  averse 

i  to  war,  wdiile  the  Scotch-Irish  were  active,  and  even 

aggressive,  in  the  maintenance  of  their  rights,  and 

in  their  dealings  with  the  Indians,  and  subseijuently 

in    the    war  of  the    Revolution,  tl>ese   ditl'erences  of 

opinion   led   to   bitter   animosities,  which   were    long 

j  remembeied. 

During  the  peri..d  that  intervened  between  the  In- 

j  dian   wars  and   the  war   of   the  Revolution    several 

j  companies  of  emigrants  from  Sadsbury  and  adjoining 

townships  went  to  what  is  now  Guilford  County,  N. 

the   Mi"i--ipiii,   many    fr.mi    this   region    have  gone 

( »f  the  early  settlers  whose  tamilies  were  represented 
in  tlie  t.iwn--liip  of  Sadsbury  from  half  a  century  to 
a  c.'otnry  Mnce,  the  nam.'s  are  remembered  of  the 
('.,., p.'r-,M.... IV,,  i'.,wnall-.,  William-.-,  l...n-liea.ls, 
S|.r.,uU,  Ir.iii-,  II.Mi.U,  M..r^,,n-,  1  ;■  .i ':ui.l-..  Millers, 
l!r...ikM-.  Snull.-,  ( 'liamberlui-,  Sl.,l,,,ui-,  KiMinar.ls, 
l!riiil..M-,  Wai;.,-.-,  Al,i,:jr.ive-.  i;.,./k.v-,  I'oa  ii-.^nds, 
Tli.H.iii,.m.,  Wl, I, (,,„-,  M,d,,uai;-.. 

The  loll, ,«  in,:  li.l-  -U-aiie.l  rr..m  vari.Kis  s..urces 
include  m.-t  .,1   Ilu-L.  ii.iin.-,  a-  w.'ll  .i-  many  ..thers.  " 

Prom  ..1.1  wilN  .it  p,-.,|,l..  in  Sa.M.nry  il  .appears 
that  Nathan  K.-i.l,  wIm.  .lied  in  IJ::'.),  left  one  son, 
Th.,nia,. 

.I.din  A^hK'nlan,  1710,  left  children,— Mary,  Fran- 
cis, John,  Williain,  .-Jusaiinali. 

William  Shaiiinni,  17  11 .  left  .fames,  Hugh,  Gressel, 
Jean,  William. 

Isabella  Gray,  1712,  left  Robert,  llenrv,  William, 
Thomas. 

John  Musgrave,  17i:>,  left  John,  James,  Thomas, 
Abraham,  F.-llu-r  (marrie.l  John  Griffith),  Martha 
(married  ISenjamiii  .M  iller),  Sarali  (married  Theoph- 
ilusOweii),  and  two  .itlicrs  who  married  .folin  Ferree 
and  I'li.unas  Powell. 

Williain  Tate,  1710,  left  James,  Samuel,  Margaret. 
j       Alexander  Work,  171'J,  left  Hannah,  a  son  Henry, 
I  Martha,  Elizabeth,  James,  John. 
'       James  Anderson,  1749,  left  John,  Margaret,  ]\Iary. 

George  Anderson,  1707,  left  Stargaret,  a  child. 

Robert   Bailey,  179S    (aged   ninety),  left    Francis, 
I  Jacob,  Lydia,  Elizabeth,  Abigail,  Janet. 

The  following  are  the  names  of  persons  who  owned 

land   in  Sadsbury,  as  appears  by  old  title   papers: 

I  James  Musgrave,  Daniel  O'Connell,  William  Smith, 

I  1710;  JamJs  Thompson,  1750;    An.hvw  llnnnpson, 

1800;  Jo.seph   Twee.l  (a  sol. Her   in    the   Kev.iliitioii), 


SADSBURY  TOWNSHIP. 


Gen.  James  Steel,  1816  ;  Calvin  Cooper  (blacksmith), 
Evan  Jell'rie.s,  Gariier  Pierce  (innkeeper),  1«08  ;  Amos 
Slaymaker,  William  Ramsey,  Benjamin  Irwin,  Wil- 
liam Reu,  John  Cooper  (ruller),  Jeremiah  Cooper 
(fuller),  islu;  James  Noble,  William  Noble,  George 
Cooper,  1SU5;  William  Noble,  William  Black,  ISIO; 


Joshi 


Chamberlaii 


Kiel   Houston,   1809;   Levi 


Pownall,  1811;  Josiah  Kennedy,  1811. 
The  following  were  taxable^ 


sbury  in  175(j : 


Kalph  BUth 
Jolm  Murni 
Jul]  11  Mitclii 

.Ii.liii  Slfisci 

LeoiKii.l  I'ic 


Thoiniia  l,t 
I'liliiL-k  ill 
Miutliew  1 


Robo 

il  Williaii 

Julin 

Mi,»grave 

Will 

Ball 

1  llarliu. 

Julu 

Lealor. 

R.,b. 

rl  Tweed. 

Sam 

el  I'altera 

Will 

.1111  llubS. 

Fanio  Muui. 

Julu 

Sliaiiiion. 

Join 

HathulNB 

T 

\XA 

liLE.S 

IX    17.is. 

Druwn,  weavei 

K,.l,ei  t  Gastuii,  c 

Bajley. 
ninliljtlie. 

lujJ. 

* 

John  GilbiMd,  w 
Tliuiiias  IL.liJii) 
Jol.ii  Herd. 

Es. 

Jaibir. 

Juu.es  Hold. 

Cuupor,  fuller. 

Slepheu  Herd. 

Cli.iliibeilain,  t 

line 

Cliallesll.ill. 

Josei.h  Uiiy. 
William  Gulduu. 
Tlioiiiiis  Ilatlicin. 


vv  Thumst 
111  Walkel 


TAX.\1!LES  IN  1775  AND  1779. 
James  Bruwii,  1770;  Jacob  liailey,  Hubert  liailey,  1779;  Calvin  Coopei 


rg.-  Cuopir,  177SI 


coper,  Natlii 


Cooper  (wagi 

luakeri,  177'J;  George  Cresiiiger,  Geoi-e  Cooper,  Tliuiuas  Coop 
1779;  Josluia  Chamberlain,  Julin  Craig,  1779;  Alexander  Cam 
bell,  Widow  Cnmmina,  James  Craig,  1770 ;  .lames  Coop,  1770  ;  Josli 
Deal,  Jolin  Donnel,  1779;  Joseph  Elliot,  Robert  Evans,  1779;  W 
liam  Farr,  Joseph  Gust,  Archibald  Guy;  Robert  Guy,  Williii 
Guy,  Si.,  William  Guy,  Jr.,  Tliuma,  Garner,  Jusepli  Gess,  177 
Joseph  Guy,  alike  Gander,  1779;  John  Griltilh,  1770,  Thomas  II 
thorn,  John  Heard,  Jr.,  Stephen  Heard,  John  Heard,  James  Heai 

JuhnJuhiison,  Samuel  Irwiu.  1770;   lieniamin  Irwin,  1779;  Ilu; 


Keil 


79;   31. 1 


I.eeel 


.1.11  McKai son,  1779;  Robert  Moody,  David  Jlillor,  1779  ;  Jolm  3U- 
eag,  Eul.ert  Moore,  1770;  James  Moore,  John  Megratli,  1779; 
iidrew  Moore,  George  Money,  ITT'l-  i:...vl-..  M..ii.>y,  Jeremiah 
oore,Hobert  Moore,  Widow  M.r, 11,  ,  ,  v  i  -  ^l  -.-  Samuel  5[c- 
illiani8,AlexaiiderMcUatten,.l..i,,   -    .  .  s    l.le,  George 

ier,  Leuii.ird  rh.kle,  r.-ter  Piddc,  I  ,  ,        il.  m  I'l'i   „!,■,  1779;  John 

,--    ,1  !.  I       .      ■      ■  -uith,  1779;  John  Street 

,n:,.         I  ,  'I  .    -      ,  -  :   .     ■.  ,,   Steal    (mason,,  1779; 


ilho 


David  Ila' 
Johu  Cov, 
James  Wa 


John  Giiland 


lin  B.irry. 
!phen  Held. 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


DiiviJ  Uri.wn 


.lajuiis  CooiKT. 
John  Ciiiig. 

JaUH-s  Craig. 
Josiiili  Cliiiiiiberlii 
Widow  t'oinin-.ji  ( 


ijii  Atles. 
Louglic-iic 


al  town  in  Sadslniry  towii- 
,f  tlie  Octorani  and  Pine 


Christiana,  tin- 
sliip,  i.s  at  llie  Ju 
Creeks,  on  tlie  eastern  boundary  of  Lancaster  County. 
It  is  on  laud  that  was  granted  to  twenty-one  servants, 
so  called,  and  which  has  hence  heen  known  as  "ser- 
vants' land,"  or  the  "servants'  tract." 

The  accompanying  illustration  shows  an  exact; 
view  both  of  the  configuration  of  the  site,  and  also  of 
the  location  of  the  buildings,  which  formed  the  nu- 
cleus around  which  Christiana  has  grown. 

The  dwelling  to  the  right  of  the  railroad  track,  the 
double  building  to  tlie  left,  and  nearly  opposite,  foun- 
dry and  blacksmith-shup.  with  the  third,  having  the 


'i^^n-^-r^  -' 


=—  ^^>iM!^h^^^.J~-^       •3/'' 


■^■•'« 


John  McCrea. 


Alicliael  Miison 


hilip  Rockey. 


railroad  to  form  the  dam-breast,  constituting  the  water- 
wheel-house  and  machine-shop.'were  all  erected  at  the 
same  time  by  William  Noble,  in  1833,  and  were  put 
in  operation  the  following  year. 

This  was  at  the  time  the  State  was  constructing  the 
Philadelphia  and  Columbia  Railroad,  to  connect  with 
the  line  of  canals  westward. 

Mr.  Noble,  for  many  years  previous  to  that  time, 
was  engaged  more  extensively  in  general  manufac- 
turing enterprises  than  any  one  else  in  the  southern 
section  of  the  county.  A  little  distance  soutli  of  the 
site  of  his  foiindry-works,  on  the  same  sticnni,--the 
Octorara, — was  his  merchant-,  grist-  ami  ^aw-niill, 
store,  wheelwright-  and  blacksmith-shops,  and  at 
about  the  same  distance  farther  down,  and  \\\  close 


iroximity    to 
.voolen-factory, 


-ImHi 


and 


SADSBURY    TOWNSHIP 


1033 


tenements.  With  tlie  farm  was  connected  tlie  niaiui- 
facture  of  lime.  Shortly  after  tlie  completion  of  tlie 
railroad,  ho  built  the  warehouse  which  for  many 
years  was  inckuled  in  the  category  of  Nohle's  foun- 
dry, Noble's  mills,  Xol.le's  factory,  and  Noble's  ware- 
house, the  latter  more  recently  named  North  Bend 
from  the  abrupt  bend  in  the  road  at  that  point. 

Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  Mr.  Noble  had  concen- 
trated and  successfully^developed  a  number  of  the 
most  useful  and  needed  enterprises,  such  as  were 
calculated  to  supply  tlie  actual  wants,  and  went  far 
towards  advancing  the  general  interest  and  welfiire 
of  the  communities  for  many  miles  from  his  works 

To  revert  to'the  foundry  :  Jlr.  Noble's  own  manu- 
fectories  rendered  such  facilities  an  absolute  neces- 
sity, while  ordinarily  such  repairs  as  could  not  be 
made  in  the  mills  Lancaster  could  supply,  yet  Phila- 
delphia was  his  main  dependence,  having  his  own 
teams  transporting  his  flour  and  woolen  fabrics  to  the 
city,  made  it  available. 

The  inconvenience  thus  labored  under,  along  with 
the  prospective  needs  of  the  railroad,  were  the  Incen- 
tives which  brought  into  e.^istence  the  original  im- 
provements which  are  shown  in  the  engraving  and 
for  several  years  following,  Mr.  Noble,  with  a  practi- 
cal foundryman  as  a  partner,  continued  to  carry  on 
the  business  of  making  castings  for  mills,  factories 
and  fiirm  machinery,  as  well  as  that  of  building  and 
repairing  railroad  cars,  etc.  Finally,  Mr.  Noble  with- 
drew from  the  foundry  business,  and  leased  the  works 
to  Col.  James  Boon  and  William  Dripps,  who  con- 
tinued to  operate  the  work  until  the  spring  of  183S, 
when  Mr.  Dripps  secured  a  site  and  erected  a  foundry 
and  machine-shop  at  Midway,  just  west  of  the  rail- 
road  bridge    over   the   Brandywine    at   Coatesville 


rur  s  store,  Ivlward  Lainmey's  house,  now  Franklin 
Ihunplirey's,  Thomas  McClarron's  dwelling,  the  ware- 
house, foundry,  and  machine-shop.  In  the  spring  of 
1847,  Jloses  Pownall  and  Joseph  C.  Dickinson  jnir- 
chased  land  here  from  Jlr.  Denney,  and  built  a  ware- 
house where  the  establishment  of  Brinton  Walter  now 
stands.  At  that  time  the  town  was  named  Christiana 
in  honor  of  Christiana  Noble,  the  first  wife  of  \Vi\'. 
liam  Noble.  In  addition  to  the  warehouse,  Pownall 
and  Dickinson  erected  two  brick  dwellings,  a  brick 
store,  which  is  now  a  part  of  the  store  occupied  by 
Samuel  Carter. 

The  railroad  at  that  time  ra 
some  distance  fartln 


here,  from  the 


increasing  iron-works,  he 


tensive  and  successful  business,  and  took  the  jirinci- 
pal  part  of  the  business  from  Noble's  works  to  his 
own.  After  that  Jlr.  Noble  did  not  succeed  in 
getting  men  who  were  jjossessed  of  practical  skill 
and  business  energy,  and  by  the  middle  of  1844,  from 
a  gradual  running  down  and  general  dilapidation  of 
the  works,  all  operations  had  ceased. 

In  1844,  Hugh  McClarron  built  a  warehouse  near 
where  the  railroad  warehouse  now  stands.  There  .Mr. 
McClarron  was  during  some  years  eng.aged  in  the 
grain  and  produce  business.  These  wei-e  the  first 
business  enterprises  in  the  town  of  Christiana,  which 
was  then  known  as  McClarronville. 

In  the  summer  of  184(3,  S.  L.  Denney  purchased 
from  Mr.  Noble  the  foundry  and  twelve  a'cres  of  land. 
He  revived  the  foundry,  and  also  erected  and  put  in 
operation  a  machine-shop,  which  subsequently  grew 
to  be  the  iiiii)ortant  industry  known  now  as  the  Chris- 
tiana Machine  Company.  The  establishment  of  this  | 
business,  of  course,  brought  an  influx  of  workmen  to  ' 
the  place. 

At  that  time  there  were  in  the  town  the  farm  build- 
ings  of   Samuel   Slokom,  a   hotel,   now  J.   D.    liar- 


rough  the  town 
east  than  at  present,  and  its 
change  to  the  present  route,  in  1854,  has  of  course 
had  its  influence  in  shaping  the  development  of  the 
place.  From  this  commencement  till  the  ))resent  time 
the  town  has  had  a  steady  growth,  except  in  times  of 
financial  depression,  and  it  is  one  of  the  most  active 
business  towns  in  Lancaster  County.  .Many  of  the 
buildings  here  were  erected  by  Samuel  Slokom  and  J. 
D.  C.  Pownall.  The  present  population  of  the  town 
is  estimated  at  eight  hundred.     It  has  four  general 

stores,  one  hardware  store,  one  grocery,  three  milli- 
nery-stores,   two    drug-stores,    two    physicians,   two 

restaurants,  a  bakery,  three  shoe-shoj.s,  one  merchant 

tailor,  one  barber,  two  tin-shops,  two  blacksmith-shops, 

one  agricultural  impk-mentnvarehouse,  one  coal-  and 

lumber-yard,  and  three  livery  stables. 
Christiana  Lodge,  No.  417,  F.  and  A.  M.,  was 

first   instituted   at    Kirkwood   in    18G8,   as   Colerain 

Lodge,  No.  417,   with  James   P.   Andrews,  W.  M. ; 

Pennington  Moore,  S.  W. ;  Simon  W.  Swisher,  J.  W.  J 

Jeremiah    P.    Swisher,    Treas. ; 

Sec;  Ebenezer  Rogers  and  Wi 

members. 


James  P.   Andrews, 
am  Webb,  ch. 


In  1873  the  lodge  was  removed  to  Christiana,  and 
Its  name  was  chi^nged  to  Christiana  Lodge.  The 
communications  of  the  lodge  are  held  in  Masonic 
Hall,  a  building  owned  by  a  stock  company,  which 
is  largely  composed  of  members  of  the  lodge.  The 
Worshipful  Masters  have  been  James  P.  Andrews, 
Pennington  Moore,  Simon  W.  Swisher,  Ebenezer  j'. 
Rogers,  William  S.  Hastings,  Bordley  S.  Patterson, 
Horatio  S.  Kerns,  John  D.  Harrar,  Philip  S.  Bush, 
Benjamin  H.  Pownall,  George  M.  Knight  Cyrus  Sin- 
gerfield,  an.l  Isaac  N.  McGowan.  The  present  oflicers 
are  Thomas  J.  iMarsh,  .W.  M.;  Thomas  R.  Hirst,  S. 
W.  ;  Henry  Hoover  Hamilton,  J.  W. ;  Samuel  Slo- 
kom, Treas. ;  and  Edwin  Garret,  Sec.  The  present 
membership  is  sixty. 

Christiana  Lodge,  No.  52, 1,  0.  of  G.  T.,  was  first 
organized -Doc.  5,  18o:;,  11.  C.  Herr  acting  as  tir^t 
Worthy  Chief,  and  Hannah  W.  lirinton  as  tir«t  W.nthy 
Vice.  The  lodgestarted  with  a  membership  of  twenty, 
afterwards  increased  to  more  than  one  hundred.  Thi= 
was  for  a  number  of  years  a  successful  and  liighlv 
interesting  lodge,  but  it  decreased  in  numbers, '"and 
finally  gave  up  its  charter. 


1034 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


In  the  winter  of  1877  a  few  of  the  old  members 
reorganized  and  procured  a  new  charier.     Under  tlie 
reoriranization  the  first  Wortli}'  Chief  was  James  D. 
Reed,  with  Josei)hine  Williams,  Worthy  Vice,  and  | 
^Mary  Plooper,  secretary.     The  lod-je  has  been  in  sue-  ; 
ces:<ful  operation  since  its  reorganization,  and  it  now  ] 
has  a  membership  of  tifty-three. 

Christiana  Library  Association.— In  1880  a  lit-  i 
erary  assj)uiation,  termed  a  Reading  Circle,  was 
formed  in  Christiana.  This  was  quite  successful,  and 
a  small  library  was  accumulated.  Fully  impressed 
with  the  importance  of  a  library  that  might  be  more 
generally  accessible,  these  ladies  solicited  the  co- 
operation of  some  of  the  citizens  of  the  town,  and  the 
result  was  the  formation  of  this  association.  It  is  a 
voluntary  stock  company,  with  shares  at  live  dollars 
each.  The  organization  was  elfected  in  the  autumn 
of  1881,  and  John  Pownall  was  made  president;  Emma 
Briiiton,  secretary;  Brinton  Walter,  treasurer;  and 
l)r.  E.  Plank,  librarian.  The  enterprise  lias  thus  far 
been  successful,  and  the  number  uf  volumes  in  tlie 
library  is  constantly  increasing. 

Christiana  Masonic  Hall.— In  1871  a  joint  stock 
company  was  organized  under  the  title  of  the  "Chris- 
tiana Building  As.sociation,"  with  an  authorized  cap- 
ital of  seven  thousand  dolhirs,  in  shares  of  fifty  dollars 
each.  In  that  year  this  company  erected  the  building 
known  as  Masonic  Hall.  *  It  is  a  brick  building,  three 
stories  in  height  above  the  basement,  and  seventy  by 
thirty-two  feet  in  size.  The  basement  and  first  story 
are  finished  off  for  residences,  the  second  story  is  a 
public  hall,  and  the  third  is  a  Masonic  lodge-room, 
with  the  usual  parlors  and  anterooms.  The  cost  of 
the  building  was  seven  thousand  five  hundred  dollars. 
At  the  organization  of  the  company  J.  D.  llarrar  was 
chosen  president,  Edwin  (Jarret  secretary,  and  Sam- 
uel Slokom  treasurer.  There  has  been  no  change  in 
the  iifiicers  since  the  first  choice. 

Christiana  Ledger. — The  first  issue  of  this  paper 
was  on  the  :iGth  of  .May,  18S.'S.  It  is  a  weekly  sheet 
of  sijc  columns,  devoted  to  local  and  general  intel- 
ligence, independent  in  politics.  The  proprietors  are 
A.  J.  Milcher  and  J.  .M.  White,  un.ler  the  firm-name 
of  Milcher  &  White.  The  [Kq.cr  i-,  ]>riiittd  on  a  steam- 
l)Ower  press. 

The  National  Bank  of  Christiana.— This  was 
organized  on  the  2Sth  day  of  December,  1SS2,  with  a 
capital  of  fifty  thousand  dollars.  The  directors  are 
Samuel  Slokom,  president;  James  D.  Reed,  vice- 
president  ;  A.  Brackbill,  A.  Roop,  A.  Hartman,  T.  J. 
Phelps,  and  Thomas  McGowan.  T.  D.  Slokom  is  the 
cashier.  The  banking-house  is  in  the  hotel  building 
at  Christiana." 

Walter's  Warehouse.— In  1847  a  warehouse'  was 
erectud  and  a  liimber-yard  established  in  Christiana 
by  Pownall  &  Dickijison.  It  wasafterward  owned  by 
several  parties,  and  in  1873  it  became  the  property  of 
Brinton  Waller,  who  eidarged  the  buildings  and  in- 
creased the  capacity  of  the  establishment.     He  laid  a 


double  track  from  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad,  and 
erected  coal-bins  with  a  railroad  track  on  trestles 
above  them.  An  elevator  was  built  in  this  ware- 
house at  an  early  date,  and  was  at  first  operated,  by 
horse-power>  but  in  1882  a  wire  cable  for  working  the 
elevator  and  driving  a  corn-sheller  was  extendeil 
from  Davis'  lumber-mill  to  the  warehouse.  Brinton 
Walter  is  the  present  proprietor. 

Christiana  Machine  Company. —The  foundry 
erected  by  William  Xoble  in  1833  and  abandoned  in 
1844  was,  as  elsewhere  stated,  revived  by  S.  L.  Denney 
in  1846.  In  1847,  Lammey  &  Boon  commenced 
operations  in  the  establishment,  followed,  after  a  few 
years,  by  Slokom  &  Baker  (then  Slotom  &  Boon), 
Slokom,  Baker  &  Whitson,  and  F.  Brush  &  Co.,  who 
operated  the  works,  with  some  changes,  by  the  con- 
nection of  J.  D.  Reed  and  Amos  Townsend  with  the 
business. 

In  April,  1863,  Isaac  Broomell  purchased  the  prop- 
erty, and  at  about  the  same  time  the  tools  and  fi.\- 
lures. 

This  being  in  the  midst  of  civil-war  times,  prices 
of  all   commodities   had    advanced  very   much,   and 
among  these  articles  was  molasses  and  syrups,  which 
it  was  almost  impossible  to  get  at  any  price,  hence 
the  matter  of  manufacturing  ihese  from  sorghum  was 
claiming   much   attention.     S.   L.  Denney,   quite   a 
noted  mechanic  and  a  resident  of  Christiana,   had 
invented  and  secured  letters  patent  for  a  mill  or  ma- 
chine for  pressing  the  juice  from  the  sorghum  cane, 
the  rigb.t  of  which  he  sold  to  Isaac  Broomell,  and  the 
manufacture  of  them  was  at  once  commenced,  and  it 
j  proved  to  be  an  important  addition  to  the  list  of  arti- 
cles already  nninufactured  at  these  works.     The  de- 
I  maud  was  great,  and   the  mill  sold  rapidly  at  very 
j  remunerative  jtrices,  and  continued  to  do  so  until  the 
I  end  of  the  war,  when  the  demand  suddenly  ceased, 
leaving  quite  a  number  of  machines  to  be  remelted 
and  converted  to  othtr  uses.     But  IMr.  Broomell  had 
1  reaped  a  good  harvest,  and  the  doubts  of  himself  and 
I  family  as  to  whether  they  could,  with  their  limited 
j  means,  hold  the  property  and  establish  a  good  paying 

business  was  henceforth  removed. 
!       In   the  spring  of  1864,   E.  G.  Broomell  was  asso- 
'  ciated  with  his  father,  and  the  firm  was  known  for 
some  time  as  I.  Broomell  it  Son.    Subsequently  other 
'  sons  were  admitted,  and  it  went  by  the  name  of  I. 
Broomell  &  Sons  until  Jan.  15,  1878.     Previous  to 
1868  the  business  was  chiefly  manufacturing  of  vari- 
ous kinds  of  agricultural  implements,  together  with  a 
general  line  of  castings.     Among  the  best  customers 
to  the  foundry  were  the  old  forges  on  the  Octorara, 
all  driven  to  their  utmost  ca|)acity  during   the  war 
and  for  some  years  thereafter,  each  rcqniriHL'  nninv 
tons  of  castings  yearly  to  keep  them  in  i^und  iiqiair, 

In  1868  arrangements  were  made  with  N.  F.  Burn- 
ham,  of  York,  Pa.,  for  the  manufacturing  of  a  purtiim 
of  his  turbine  wheels,  which  were  rapidly  growing  in 
favor.     This  rendered  necessary  the  enlarging  of  the 


SADSBUUY    TOWNSinP 


1035 


works,  wliieh  was  done  by  building  large  stone  addi- 
tions to  the  east  side  of  the  old  shojjs.     The  growing 
demand  for  these  waler-wheels  soon  made  it  neees-  | 
sary  to  abandon  the  agricultural  branch  of  business,  j 
and  at  the  same  time  created  a  demand  for  a  general 
line  of  mill  work,  shafting,  pulleys,  etc.,  and  as  rap-  I 
idly  as  possible  complete  sets  of  patcrns  were  made  : 
for  this  class  of  work,  and  the   necessary  tocds   and  j 
appliances  put  in  for  turning  them  out  to  the  best 
advantage.  ! 

On  the  15th  of  January,  1878,  Jlr.  Burnham  jnir- 
cliased  an  interest  in  the  real  estate  and  business, 
which  was  reorganized,  and  took  the  name  of  "  The 
Christiana  Jlachine  Company,"  which  is  its  pre^^ent 
title,  and  the  members  of  the  firm  are  Isaac  Broomell,  I 
N.  F.  Bnrnham,  E.  G.  Broomell,  and  Henry  Broomell. 

In   the  spring  of  1869  a  large  new  stone  foundry 
was  built,  almost  entirely  surrounding  the  ancient  one  i 
built  by  William  Noble  in  1833,  and  which  remained  ' 
on  duty  up  to  within  a  short  time  of  the  christening  ! 
of  the  new  one,  when  it  was  torn  out  and  the  stones  | 
used  in  building  large  additions  to  the  machine-shop. 
These  works  are  now  among  the  best  of  tlieir  class  in 
the  county,  are  well  furnished  with  modern  tools,  and 
the  character  of  the   work   turned  out  is  second   to 
none.     For  many  years  the  North  Branch  of  llie  ()c- 
torara  Creek   furnished  the  necessary  jiowcr,  but  it 
being  no  longer  sullicient,  steam  lias  beerj  introduced, 

Christiana  Carriage  Manufactory.— About  1S')0 

the  -Miller  llrutlier,  crcctc.l  a  carri;,,-c--,hol.  in  Chris- 
tiana.    Tiu-y  manun.cturcd  light  curriaijcs,  and  five 
workmen    were     employed     in     their    establishment.   | 
After  some  yeais  Tlumuu  Ghrist  purchased  the  jirop-  , 
erty,  and  conducted  the  business  during  five  years,  t 
He  was  succeeded  by  Enos  Frame,  who  carried  on  the  j 
shop  for  two  years,  when  Lingerlield  Hirst  purchased  | 
it,  and  conducted  the  business  till  the  spring  of  1877. 
The  present  proprietor,  J.  D.  Harper,  then  purchased 
the  stock,  and  he  has  since  conducted  the  business. 
In  the  spring  of  1882  Mr.  Harper  removed  to  a  new  ' 
building    which    he   had   erected   on   Bridge   Street,  , 
in  the  southern  part  of  the  town  of  Christiana,  where  I 
the  business  is  now  carried  on.    During  the  first  year  ; 
5Ir.  Harjier  manufactured   nine  carriages,  and  two 
hands  were  employed.     The  business  has  increased,  i 
till  now  nineteen  workmen  find  constant  employment, 
and  two  hundred  carriages  are  built  annually.    Many  | 
of  these  are  sold  in  ICastern,  Western,  and  Southern 
markets.     A  large  business  in  repairing  is  also  ilime 
at  this  factory.  ' 

Christiana  Brick-Yard.— In  1850,  Henry  Bownall 

(-tal.li-lHMa  brick-yard  at  Christiana,  near  to  where 
the  present  mann  factory  of  brick  is.  It  was  allcr- 
wards  C(.nducted  l.y  dilfcrcrit  parties  till    1870,  when 


till  the  iiresent  lime.  About  five  hundred  thousand 
bricks  are  annually  uumufactured  here,  and  most  of 
theVe  are  sold  at  the  yard.  Ten  hands  are  employed 
in  the  yard  during  the  season  of  making  brick. 

Hotel. — The  liotel  of  Hope  Hershberger  is  worthy 
of  mention  as  one  of  the,  most  convenient  and  pleas- 
ant hotel  buildings  between  Philadelphia  and  Lan- 
caster.    It  was  built  by  Joseph  C.  Dickinson  in  1854. 

Christiana  Nursery.-In  1859,  William  P.  Brin- 
ton  erected  :i  small  green-house  at  Christiana,  and 
commenced  the  cultivation  of  flowers  for  the  home 
market.  From  that  time  to  the  present  the  business 
has  steadily  increased,  and  additions  have  from  time 
to  time  been  made,  till  now  there  are  eight  green- 
houses here,  requiring  a  total  of  six  thousand  square 
feet  of  glass  to  cover  them.  A  large  portion  of  the 
produce  of  these  green-houses  is  shi]qied  to  other 
markets. 

At  the  time  of  building  the  first  green-house  the  cul- 
tivation of  fruit  and  ornamental  trees  was  commenced, 
and  this  business  has  increased,  till  now  twenty-five 
acres  are  devoted  to  the  cultivation  of  trees.  Eight 
hands  are  employed  at  the  establishment. 

Christiana   Furniture   Manufactory.— In   18CG, 

ture  in  a  small  way  in  Christiana.  The  business 
gradually  increased  till  1877,  when  Joseph  H.  Fogle, 
the  son  of  John  A.,  purchased  the  establishment,  and 
at  once  increased  the  facilities  tor  business.  In  187S 
and  again  in  1882  he  enlarged  his  buildings,  till  now 
five  workmen  are  einiiloyed,  and  the  business  is  still 

Christiana  Planing-MilL-Iri  ls7(ia  planing-mill, 
driven  by  horse-power,  was  established  in  Christiana 
by  Joseiih  H.  Fogle.  The  ra])id  increase  of  the  busi- 
ness soon  necessitated  greater  facilities,  and  in  1872 
an  eight  horse-power  engine  was  substituted  for  the 
horse  machinery..  In  1879  the  increase  of  the  busi- 
ness liad  come  to  require  still  greater  facilities,  and  a 
brick  mill,  two  stories  in  height,  forty  by  fifty  feet  in 
size,  was  erected,  and  an  engine  of  thirty  horse-power 
replaced  the  former  one.  A  saw-mill  was  at  this  time 
added  to  the  planing-mill.  In  the  spring  of  1883  the 
mill  was  purchased  by  Harry  Davis,  the  present  pro- 
prietor.    Sixteen  hands  are  employed  at  this  mill. 

Threshing-Machine  Manufactory.— In   1877,  J. 


L.  t; 


,!ioIl 


tbec 

in 

0 

idle. 

In 

8 

78 

J.  1 

f 

1, 

ick 

anula 


commenced  the  manufacture  of  threshing-machines. 
He  invented  what  ho  terjus  the  triple-gear  machine, 
and  since  his  machines  have  come  to  be  known  and 
appreciated  by  farmers  in  the  vicinity  of  his  manu- 

Inr  thciir  has  increased,  till  now  three  hands  arc  <'iii- 
pluyed,  and  ten  machines  ;,rc  annually  uianufaelured . 
Hamlets. "Smyrna  is  a  lianilct  of  about  twelve 
houses,  an.l  it  h.is  a  |M.sl-,.Hicc.  a  store,  a  blacksmilh- 
sh>.p,  .-lud  a  earria,-e-sl,up.  At  this  place  is  a  slonc 
meetiiii^-liouse  ami  hall,  whieh  was  l.uilt  by  vnlun- 
larv  contrihution  of  labor  and  matcri.d  nearly  half  a 


1036 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   (X)UNTY. 


ss  oil  the 

Octorara 
Noble,  is 
as  a  place 


century  since  by  the  people  in   the  vicinity.     Rev. 

Easton  held  services  here  during  many  years, 

though  there  was  never  a  church  organized.  i\Ir. 
Eastim  liocame  the  owner  of  tlie  building,  and  after 
his  death  it  was  puichased  by  a  company  of  twenty 
citizens,  and  it  is  now  used  for  religious  meetings, 
festivals,  concerts,  entertainments,  etc. 

C'dojicrsville  is  a  hamlet  of  a   few 
Valley  road,  one  nule  south  from  Smv 

Nohlefille,  on  the  Valley  road, 
Creek,  which  took  its  name  from  Wi 
now  a  mere  hamlet.  Prior  to  1844  t 
of  some  importance,  having  a  store,  a  tavern,  a  mill, 
and  a  fixctory.  The  growth  of  Christiana,  near  it, 
prevented  its  develoj)meut  into  a  town  by  the  diver- 
sion from  it  of  business  that  might  have  sprung  up 
there. 

Schools. — The  common  school  system  was  accepted 
in  f^adsbury  in  1843,  and  there  are  now  in  the  town- 
ship eight  sub-districts.  One  of  these  is  in  the  ex- 
treme southern  part  of  the  township;  two,  known  as 
Nos.  1  and  2,  south  from  the  central  portion  ;  tiie 
Cooperville  District  at  Conperville ;  the  Smyrna  Dis- 
trict at  Smyrna;  Buck  Hill  District  in  the  north- 
western part;  Sinimonstown  District  in  the  northeast- 
ern part,  and  the  Christiana  District  at  Christiana. 

The  Sinimonstown  school-house,  that  in  the  south- 
ern part,  and  the  Christiajia  house  are  of  brick  ;  the 
iithers  are  built  of  stone.    In  t 


lools 


in  1871,  is  thirty  by  ibrty-tive  feet  in  size,  three 
stories  in  lieight,  and  it  has  three  school-rooms. 
Three  teachers  are  employed  in  this  school.  Several 
school-houses  in  this  village  have  been  built  and 
abandoned  as  the  increasing  number  of  children  has 
required  greater  accommodations.  Private  schools 
Iiave  from  time  to  time  been  kept  in  Christiana. 

Sadsbury    Friends'    Meeting    (Hicksite).'— In 
1724,  Amlrew  M<iore  and  Samuel   Miller  petitioned 
for   the  establishment   of  a   meeting  of  worship  in 
Sadsbury.     It  was  done  in   1725,  and  twelve   years 
later,  or  in  1737,  the  Sadsbury  Monthly  Meeting  was 
established.     A  log  tneeting-house  was  built  in  1720, 
and  this  was  the  place  of  worship  till  about  17G(l,  [ 
wdien  the  present  house  was  erected.     It  was  a  stone  ; 
building  of  a  sufficient  height  for  two  stories,  and  the 
carpenter-work  was  done  by  Joseph  Guest.     About  i 
the  time  of  tlie  Revolutionary  war  the  wood-work  of 
the  building  was  burned,  and  Joseph  Guest  was  again  \ 
the  carpenter  who  rebuilt  it  within  the  same  walls.  I 
At  first  there  were  high  galleries  in  this  building,  but  j 
when  it  was  rebuilt  a  floor  was  put  in  place  of  the  j 
galleries,  Cdnvcrting  it  into  a  proper  two-story  build-  j 

Among  the  ancient  members  o'f  this   meeting  the  ' 


names  are  remembered  of  Andrew  and  James  Moore, 
Nail  Jlooney,  James  Clemson,  James  Clemson,  Jr., 
.Antlujuy  Shaw,  Jane  Jones,  and  her  daughter,  Sarah 
Mctcalf!  ]<:v.u-  Taylor,  Samuel  Miller,  John,  Aaron, 
and  Tli.Miia,  Mii-^rave,  Robert  Moore,  Calvin  Cooper, 
,I.ihn  Truman,  and  Asahel  Walker.  The  lot  on  which 
the  church  was  originally  built  was  purchased  from 
the  "Servants'  Tract,"  now  called  the  Christiana 
tract.  To  this  an  addition  was  afterward  purchased 
from  Thomas  Richard  and  John  Penn,  increasing  the 
amount  of  land  owned  by  the  meeting  to  about  seventy 
acres.  When  the  division  into  Hicksite  and  Ortho- 
dox branches  of  the  Friends  occurred  the  former  re- 
tained control  of  this  jiroperty. 

Bart  Meeting'  (Friends).— An  indulged  meeting 
was  in  existence  in  Burt  and  the  western  part  of  Sads- 
bury as  early  as  1823,  and  was  held  in  the  school-house 
that  stood  on  the  land  of  Jeremiah  Cooper,  near 
Cooperville.  In  1825  the  present  meeting-house  ou 
the  State  road,  near  the  line  between  Bart  and  Sads- 
bury, but  in  the  latter  township,  was  built,  and  this 
became  a  branch  of  the  Sadsbury  Monthly  Meeting, 
which  it  continues  to  be.  It  is  a  stone  structure 
about  thirty  feet  square,  and  it  lias  undergone  no 
change  beyond  ordinary  repairs  since  it  was  built. 

Truman  and  Jeremiah  Cooper  were  active  and  effi- 
cient in  the  erection  of  this  house,  and  it  is  worthy  of 
note  that  Morris  Cooper,  the  son  of  Jeremiah,  and 
I'hebe  Barnaliy  were  the  first  couple  married  in  this 
house.  They  were  married  in  1827,  and  they  are  still 
living  at  the  advanced  age  of  eighty.  A  large  major- 
ity of  this  meeting  adojited  the  views  of  the  Hicksite 
Friends.  Tlie  Orthodox  branch  erected  a  house  of 
worship  near,  but  no  meeting  is  now  held  there. 

Sadsbury  Friends'  Meeting  (Orthodox).— After 


the  separation  of  the  Fiiends  into  Hicksite  and  Or- 
thodox branches,  the  latter  branch  erected  a  meeting- 
house near  the  line  between  Sadsbury  and  Bart,  a 
short  distance  from  the  house  that  had  been  built  in 
1825,  where  they  worshiped  till  1880,  when  the  meet- 
ing was  laid  down,  and  a  meeting-house  was  built  at 
Christiana,  wdiere  the  society  has  since  worshiped.  It 
is  a  brick  structure,  thirty  feet  square  and  one  story 
in  height.     The  meeting  has  six  families. 

Methodist  Episcopal  Church.-- In  the  northern 
part  of  the  town.ship  several  persons  embraced  Jleth- 
odism  prior  to  1820.  Their  number  continuing  to 
increase,  they  formed  a  society.  The  most  zealous 
and  influential  member  was  Jacob  Swartzwelder. 
Charles  Simon  and  William  Shaw  were  also  active 
members.  They  procured  ground  for  a  church  and 
graveyard,  and  erected  the  building  in  1821.  This 
was  the  first  Methodist  Church  in  this  township.  It 
was  a  stone  structure,  thirty-si.v  by  forty-six  IVut.  It 
was  named  Asbury  Methodist  Ei)iscopal  Church.  Tlie 
preacher  in  charge  was  Samuel  F.  (5rifRth,and  assist- 
ant Daniel  Fidler.    This  became  a  prosjierous  society. 


I   I).   McClilitULl 


S  ADS  BURY    TOWNSHIP. 


1037 


and  its  members  as^istccl  in  iMtroduciii^  Metliodisiii 
iiitO(ithei-  parts  ol'  tla-  lowiwliip,  in  Wastrhuid   and  ' 
Clii-istiana.  i 

Tliis  fliiirch  continued  in  use  until  liS73,  when  it  , 
luid  l)econieso  dilapidated  as  to  need  a  large  outlay  for 
repairs  or  a  new  building.  ^lap,on  the  Pennsylvania  | 
I'lailroad,  having  become  a  centre  of  business  and 
lH)|Uilation,  and  man}'  of  the  members  of  Asbury  re- 
siding in  its  vicinity,  the  society  decided  to  aljandon 
the  old  buiUling  and  erect  a  church  at  Gap. 

The  continuation  of  the  history  of  Asbury  Church 
will  be  found  in  the  history  of  the  church  ai  Gap. 
(See  history  of  Salisbury.) 

Wasteland  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.— 
There  were  a  number  of  Methudi.-,ts  in  the  nci-hboi-- 
hood  of  Wasteland,  who  held  meetings  at  piivale 
houses  in  1S22.  Kev.  Joseph  Holdich' preiiched  that 
y.-ar  at  the  house  of  .T.icol.  Gih-^nn.  His  huu-,e  be-  i 
came  a  regular  place  for  pivaching.  and  was  known 
on  the  plan  of  Cecil  Circuit  in  IsiT.  as  ■•  Cibson's." 
A  society  was  then  in  exi-t.  inc.  'riu-  active  members 
were  Jacob  Gibson,  J..-,-pli  ( iih-on,  .fame-  Aiidnsoii, 
William  Boot,  and  Henry  McKay. 

The  origin  of  the  church  building  is  known  by  the 
following   extract   from    the   minutes  of  the   Third  ! 
(Juarterly  Conference  of  Cecil  Circuit  convened  at 
Martic  Camp-Meeting,  Oct.  S,  ISlio:  "  Bcsolvol/rU-.a 
William  lioot,  James  Anderson,  Henry  McKay,  and 
.lo-^e|ih  Gibson  be  appointed  a  committee  to  form  an 
estimate  of  the  amount  necessary  to  build  a  meeting-  | 
hnusc  in  Salisbury  township,  near  Wasteland  Factory,  j 
for  the  use  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  ;  to  do  : 
all  things  necessary  ac  curding  to  the  Discij)line,  page 
Kid."     \i   the   iicxl    niiarlcily    ('(inference,  held   at 
North   l^ast,   heb.    i,   isi'i;,  tlie  committee  presented 
their  report,  which    wa<   accepted.     They   then   pro- 
ceeded to  the  erection  nl  (be  house  of  worship.    Gen. 
Steele,  being  a  Met!lodi^l  and  deeply  interested,  do- 
nated a  lotof  ground  upon  uhicli  to  bnild  the  church  i 
and  form  a  graveyard. 

The  building  was  completed  and  dedicated  in  the  I 
beginning  of  1827.  It  was  named  Wasteland  Meth-  j 
odist  F.piscopal  Church.  The  house  was  built  of  stone,  j 
idate  about  two  hundred  people. 


nated  one  acre  of  ground  for  the  site  of  the  church 
and  for  a  graveyard.  Tlie  building  committee  con- 
sisted of  the  following  persons:  William  McGowan, 
George  F., Baker,  Jesse  Davis,  Thomas  Dean,  John 
Limans.  Duly  appointed  collectors  were,  viz. :  Je.sse 
Davis,  Thomas  Dean,  Sarah  Seltzer,  Ale.Kander  M. 
.Martin,  and  Mary  A.  .McCowaii.  The  building  was 
commenced  in  ISdS.  li  was  cnmplcled  iu  ISTtl,  and 
was  finally  dedicate.l  Oct.  -i,  1.S74. 

This  is  a  stone  edifice,  tliirty-tlve  by  forty-five  feet. 
It  has  aseating  capacity  of  three  hundred  -and  twenty- 
live,  and  its  cost  was  two  thousand  two  hundred  dol- 
lars It  is  a  ]irosi)erous  society.  It  has  a  flourishing 
Sun. lay-school.  ,Vle,\aiider  Mulvaney  is  its  superin- 
leiideiit.  Much  credit  is  due  Ke\ .  .'^.  Pancoast  for  his 
earnest  efforts  in  the  building  of  this  church.  The 
society  is  incorporateil.  I  be  iriHtees  are  Emina 
Jones",  William  iMcfiowen.  i:-.|.,  (icorge  Baker,  John 
McLiman-,  William  .MeLimaus  .fe-e  Davi.,  M,  P. 
Hindman,  and  PIlis  Oatinaii. 

Christiana  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.— The 
Methodists  organized  a  class  in  Christiana  in  July, 
IS.M,  with  A.  .M.  Kemble  for  its  leader.  They  held 
public  meetings  in  the  carriage-shop,  and  ne.\t  in  the 
old  tavern  and  in  private  houses.  They  purchased 
the  old  school-house  for  a  place  of  worship,  and  in- 
stituted regular  preaching.  The  society  became  more 
la'inianently  organized  under  the  administration  of 
Pev.  John  Cummins,  in  18o9,  by  the  apjiointment  of 
a  board  of  trustees  of  the  following  persons  :  John 
Beatty,  Alexander  fiobinson,  Tliomas  H.  Pownall, 
( Icorge  McNeal,  Martin  Thompson,  John  Clark,  B. 
W.  11. -non.  The  -aiiie  vear  they  purcbase.l  a  hit  of 
gr.mn.l  of  Samuel  Slo.aiui.  P.s.|,,  Mxty-five  by  one 
hnii.lred  au.l  .-ixty  leet.  A  building  committee  was 
api'.iinted,  viz.,  .\.M.  Keinble,  Frederick_Bush,  James 
Deviiie.  They  proceede.l  to  erect  a,  church  edifice. 
The    conier-st.me  was    hii.l,   with    approiiriate   cere- 


Altc 


ly  thebui 
iced  to  w 
ire    bull. I 


liase- 
pletcd 


prosperou: 


incuts  of  the  ueighb 
ami  ])opulation,  it  w 
cality  would  be  to  th. 
therefore  abandoned  th. 
one  about  one  mile  dist; 


.te  ..f  Nnv  Yu 


society.     They  continued    |.i 
;    until    PSCS,    when    a    better 

lio.i.l,  ill.-  cliiinge  of  business 
ihouiiht  that  a  change  of  lo- 

dvantage  of  the  society.  They 
:)ld  site,  and  selected  a  new 
t;  erected  the  present  house 
ave    it    the    name  of  Mount 


if  the  society,  do- 

uieljiliia  Confereuce,  was 


vanced  that  they  e..n 
ment  in  ISGl.  The 
and  dedicated  .Aug.  in,  1  Si)2. 

The  church  is  a  stone  buililiiig  with  basement, 
(birty-six  by  lifly  liet,  ami  i-  capaljle  of  seating  two 
linn.lie.l  aii.l  lilty  p.  .iple.  It  cost  two  thousand  five 
luimlii'il  .billais.  It  was  named  Christiana  Meth- 
...list  i;pis,-.,|,al  Cl.iucli.  Il  was  included  in  Coch- 
ranvillc  Circuit  until  1SH7,  when  it  became  an  ap- 
])ointment  on  Penningtonville  Circuit.  It  continued 
in  this  connection  until  187G,  when  the  circuit  was 
again  changed,  and  it  became  an  appointment  on 
.Ctglen  Circuit.  It  leniaincl  in  this  relation  until 
18711,  when  it  was  asso.iate.l  with  (leoigetown  an.l 
(lap,  in  which  rd.ili.m  ll  still  eoiilmnes. 

The  society  has  forty  mi'iubcis,  an. I  maintains  a 
good  Sunday-seliool.  The  sup,  riuteinlent  is  Samuel 
Irwin.  This  is  an  ineorpoiate.l  society.  Tlie  trustees 
are    B.  W.   Horton,   George   Heimn,  Samuel   Irwin, 


HISTORY  OF   LANCASTER   COUiNTY. 


Evan  A.  :^rercer,  Martin  llAnm,  S,  H. 
L.  KeisLT. 

Ministers  have  been  in  cliarLre  of  the 


Ja.ae.  L. 


jehr 


1.  Asl>iir,,.--[u  1>!21,  Samuel  F 
Fi.ller;  1Sl'2,  John  Smith,  William 
:;4,  William  Ryder,  Jesse  Thompsi 
182.5,  Thomas  Miller,  John  Talley. 

2.  Asbiirij  and  WaMchiud.^\&'>--ll ,  Henry 
W.   W.   Wallace,    Daniel    Parish;    1S2S-29,   George 
Wooley,  iohn  Nicholson,  T.  McCarroll ;  1S30,  Daniel  . 
Best,   Nathaniel  Chew;  1831-32,  Thomas  Miller,  E.  ' 
Reed,  R.  W.  Thomas,  John  Caldwell;  1833,  Thomas 
Miller,  William  Ryder;  1834-35,  John  Lednum,  R.  E. 
Morrison,  John  Edwards;  1830,  John  Edwards,  J.  A. 
Watson;   1837,   Robert  Anderson,  Dallas   D.  Lore;  ' 
1838-39,  E.  R.  Williams;  1840-41,  Samuel  Grace,  J. 
D.  Long;  1842-43,  G.  Oram,  G.  D.  Carrow  ;  1844^.:,,  ; 
W.  K.  Goentner,  H.  Samlerson  ;  1840-47,  Allen  John,  j 
J.  A.  Whitaker;  1848,  James  Harmau ;  1849-50,  John 
I'.ayne,  John   Thompson  ;    1851,    W.  L.  Gray,  J.  J.  \ 
Jones;    1852-53,  S.  G.   Hare,    F.  B.  Flarvey,  John  i 
O'Neil;  1854-55,  Thomas  Newman,  J.  L.  Kilgore,  A. 
Howard;    1856-57,  J.   B.  Dennison;  1858-59,  John  ; 
Cummins,  N.  B.  Durell. 

3.  Asbiinj,  Wasteland,  and  Christiana.— l%iS(i-Q\ ,  W. 
H.  Burrell;  18G2,  Joseph  Dare,  R.  W.  Jones;  1SG3- 
64,  H.  B.  Mauger,  R.  W.  Jones;  1865-66,  V.  Gray,  \ 
L.   J!.   Hotl'man  ;    1867-G8,  Samuel   Pancoast;   1869,  \ 
Joseph  Aspril. 

4.  A.-<bHnj,  Chrlftiann,  and  Mount  l'leam„t.—\8'i)-  ' 
71,  J.  Aspril;   1N72,  William  McMichael. 

5.  Christiana  and  Mount  J'feasan/.—lii73,  W.  Mc- 
Michael; 187.^75,  E.  Potts,  F.  B.  Harvey;  1876-77, 
L  M.  Gable;  1878,  W.  P.  Howell. 

6.  CAm/('(U(a.— 1879,  J.  A.  Cooper;  1880-82,  I-l  C. 
Yerkes;  1883,  L.  D.  McClintock.  ' 

7.  Mount  r/easant.—Ul[\  D.  U.  Shields;  1880,  IL 
U.  Sebring;  lSS2-'83,  D,  T.  Smyth. 

Christiana  Presbyterian  Church.— Prior  to  1859 
there  was  no  Presbyterian  Society  in  Christiana  and 
no  house  of  worship  of  that  denomination,  and  the 
ten-  Presbyterians  residing  there  belonged  to  the 
church  at  Atglen.  In  that  year  a  chapel  was  erected 
in  Christiana,  and  a  Sunday-school  was  establishcil 
there.  This  chapel  was  built  by  general  subscription, 
and  Rev.  Jame.s  Latta,  then  of  Atglen,  was  actively 
instrumental  in  the  acconi|)lishincnt  of  the  work. 
Services  were  lield  in  this  chajiel  on  alternate  Sun- 
days during  many  years  without  the  organization  of 
a  society  here.  Jlr.  Latta  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  W. 
F.  P.  Noble,  and  lie  by  Rev.  J.  W.  Edy,  he  by  Rev. 
\Villiani  .\lbert,  all  of  whom  are  decea^ed.  The 
pre^cnt  pastor  js  R.-v.  Calvin  D.  Wilson. 


lilt  be  served  I, V  the      Ins 


Manufactories.— A  woolen-factory  wa^^  built  by 
William  Nohlr  on  the  ca,l  ,-i<lr  of  the  n.ad,  leading 
north  from  ( ■|iii^liaiia,  half  a  mile  l.rlow  Hannuin's 
,-ristMnill.  It  «a~  a  lai-e  and  well-lmill  stone  build- 
ing, and  the  machinery  was  jjropelled  by  water  taken 
from  the  Octorara  a  short  distance  above.  It  was 
carried  on  by  Mr.  Noble  till  about  1845,  when  it  was 
burned  and  was  not  rebuilt.  Not  a  trace  of  the  estab- 
lishment now  remains. 

About  1820.  Gen.  Steele  erected  two  cotton-fac- 
tories oji  the  Octorara  at  what  is  now  called  Steele- 
ville.  In  these  the  manulacture  of  cotton  fabrics 
was  extensively  carried  on  by  Mr.  Steele  for  more 
than  a  decade,  and  afterward  used  extensively  by  his 
son,  Wallace  Steele.     The.se  mills  are  now  in  ruins. 

Gen.  Steele  also  built  a  paper-mill  prior  to  the 
erection  of  the  Atctories,  and  for  many  years  carried 
on  the  manufacture  of  paper.  The  mill  has  not  been 
operated  during  many  years.  At  a  very  early  time 
Calvin  Cooper  built  a  fulliug-mill  on  Valley  Run, 
one  mile  south  from  Coopersville.  It  was  used  as  a 
wool-carding  and  cloth-dressing  mill  till  1825,  when 
it  was  taken  down,  and  a  woolen-factory  was  erected 
on  its  site  by  Jeremiah  Cooper,  a  grandson  of  Calvin. 
It  was  burned,  and  was  rebuilt  by  Lewis  Cooper,  a 
son  of  Jeremiah.  It  has  been  converted  into  a  choji- 
ping-mill,  and  it  is  now  owned  by  Cyrus  Brinton. 

Forges. — Prior  to  the  Revolution,  Jlichael  Withers 
built  a  forge  on  Octorara  Creek,  between  Christiana 
and  Steeleville,  near  where  Sprout  afterwards  built 
his  forges.-  Of  this  establishment  the  old  stone  coal- 
house  alone  remains. 

About  1815,  James  Sprout  built  two  forges  on  the 
same  stream,  two  miles  south  from  Christiana,  where 
he  carried  on  the  manufacture  of  iron  successfully 
during  thirty  years  and  l)ecanie  wealthy.  The  forges 
Were  run  for  some  time  after  Mr.  Sprout  ceased  to 
work  them  by  Janie^  t  ;„„dijian  and  his  son  Charles, 
but  they  have  n,.t  recently  been  worked.  They  were 
known  a-  the  S;id>bury  forges. 

About  a  mile  below  the.^e,  Riugwood  Forge  was 
built  by  Oleimnt  and  Brook  Buckley,  a  few  years 
suli^eipieiit  to  the  erection  of  the  Sadsbury  forger. 
They  conducted  it  for  some  years,  and  were  succeeded 
by  the  well-known  John  McGowan,  who  carried  on 
the  business  a  number  of  years.  It  also  has  ceased 
to  be  operated,' and,  like  the  others,  is  going  to  de- 


Hannum's  Mill— Tl 


iiuilt  by  James  Moore 
d  Asalu-1  Walker  was  the  mill- 
d  the  machinery.  Tradition 
ou-mill,  on  the  same  site,  was 
Moore  and  his  father,  Andrew. 
id  condurtod  tlii^  mill  till   hi. 


SADSBURY    TOWNSHIP. 


]03<) 


About  five  years  later  it  wa.s  piircliased  by  William 
Noble,  who  lielJ  it  till  his  decease,  about  1850.  Mr. 
Thomas  Whiston  i)iirchased  the  mill  from  the  ex,-,  u- 
tors  of  Jlr.  Noble,  and  eondiiclecl  it  diiriiii;:  .sev.'ral 
years.  The  buildiii;,'  was  madr  hiL'lirr,  but  a-i.ic 
from  this  it  ha-  had  only  .,r(lin:iry  n'pairs,  and  il  is 
essentially  the  same  mill  a~  at  lirst.and  ils  niaclinuay 
is  of  the  primitive  fashiim.  In  tin-  u|.|K-r  part  of  the 
mill  was  a  carding  machine,  ami  ,m  (he  north  side 
was  a  saw-rnill. 

Mercer  Mills.— Abont  the  year  1781,  James  Ster- 
ritt  and  his  brother  erected  each  a  mill  on  the  Octo- 
rara  Creek,  abont  midway  between  Christiana  and 
Steelville.  These  were  afterwards  known  as  Mercer 
Mills.  About  forty  years  since  they  ceased  to  be 
used  as  ilonr-niills,  and  one  of  them  was  converted 
iuto  a  ]>aiier-niill. 

Irwin's  Mill.— i  »n  Valk-y  Uun,  south  from  Coop- 
erville,  a  brick  grist-mill  was  erected  about  1825,  by 
Samuel  Irwin.  It  was  afterwards  owned  by  his  son, 
Ellis  P.  Irwin,  and  was  used  as  a  grist-mill  till  1853, 
when  it  was  burned,  and  it  has  not  been  rebuilt.  It 
had  a  run  of  burr,  and  another  of  chopping-stones. 

Townsend's  Saw-Mill.  —  Near  Smyrna,  on  a 
branch  of  Cctorara  Creek,  i>  a  saw-mill  that  was 
built  by  John  Towiiscnd  in  Isll,  and  was  owar.l  by 
him  many  years.  It  then  became  the  property  ol'  his 
son,  Jacob  R.  Townscnd,  the  present  owner.  It  is  a 
stone  building,  and  unless  taken  down  it  will  remain 
long  after  its  "  occupation  is  gone." 

Spring  Mill,  on  a  branch  of  the  ( )ctorara,  one  mile 
from  Smyrna,  was  built  by  ,7idin  Towuseud,  ."^r.,  in 
1841.  It  was  operated  during  many  years  by  his  son, 
William  Townsend,  and  in  accordance  with  the  con- 
ditions of  the  will  of  its  builder  it  continued  to  be  a 
|]ortion  of  his  estate  till  1877,  when  it  was  sold  to 
I).  \y .  Bissell,  wdio  operated  it  three  years,  and  sold 


it  to  the  present   owner,  J.  I 

'\  Reed.     It  is  a  stone 

mill,  with   two   runs  of  bnrr- 

slones,  and  il   has  had 

ouly  ordinary  repairs,  the  orii; 

inal  wooden  machinery 

remaining  still. 

Christiana  Mill.-This  n,il 

1,  which  is  on  the  same 

branch   of  the  (Jctorara   that 

turn-  S|iring  Mill,  was 

built   by  Dr.  Agnew,  .Sr.,  the 

lather   of  the    present 

Dr.   Agnew,   of  Philadelphia. 

in    l^U;,      ft   was   e.m- 

ducted  for  a  time  by  Dr.  .V-i 

lew,  and   afterwards  bv 

others   till    about    ISKi,  when 

it   was    purcba-ed    bv 

George    i:rn-t,  who  eierted    ai 

1   addition  to  lb.'  bnild- 

ing  and  added  a  rui.  of  stone 

s.      In  ]s-,7  he  -,old   the 

property   to  the  presejit  own 

er,   S.  J.   llanway,  who 

has  conducted  the  mill  since. 

It   is  a  stone    building,  ar]i 

1    it  has    three  runs  of 

stones.      The  machinery  has 

had   only  ordinary  re- 

pairs.     It  is  both  a.  merchant 

and  a  custom  mill.     A 

saw-mill  is  atlai  bed  to  this  ni 

ill,  but  it  has  ceased  to 

be  used. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  tl 

le  justices  of  the  peace 

elected  in  the  township  of  Sai 

dsbury 'since  1810: 

1.S40,    Adam    Fogle,  James 

Noble;    1842,  Asahel 

4.">,  Joseph  D.  Pownall;  184G,  Moses 
17,  John  Jones;  1851,  Joseph  D.  Pow- 
11  M.  ('bamberlin;  1857,  JIahlon  Fox  ; 
1  Slok.Mii;  lsii2,  Brinton  Walter;  18(i3, 
n  ;  Im;7,  .1.  H.Caiotliers;  1808,  Brinton 
■I.  .William  MeCouan  ;  1873.  P.rinton' 
•5,  .Ambrose  I'ounall;  1S7S,  Brinton 
0,   William    .Meth.wan,   William   Noble; 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES. 


.Samuel  Slokom  was  born  in  Sadsbury  township, 
Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.  ■',,  1S17.  His  grandfather, 
Isaac  Slokom,  after  nuirriage,  emigrated  from  Eng- 
land, first  settled  in  the  ^Vyoming  Valley,  and  prior 
to  the  Indian  massacre  moved  to  Virginia.  He  had 
three  cliildren,  to  wit:  Thomas,  Jane,  and  Nancy. 
Jane  was  wife  of  James  Heath,  and  after  the  death 
of  her  husband  moved  to  New  Holland,  Lancaster 
Co.,  and  died  there;  Nancy  was  married  to  Isaac  La 
Rue,  and  after  the  death  of  her  liusband  she  ]noved 
with  her  family  to  Ohio,  and  settled  at  Skeel's  Cross- 
Roads,  Washington  township,  Mercer  Co.  Her  son, 
I'riah  La  Rue,  is  still  a  resident  of  that  place. 

Thomas  Slokom,  father  of  Samuel,  moved  from 
Virginia  in  1798,  and  first  settled  in  Providence,  Lan- 
caster Co.  He  married  Susanna  Miller,  a  descendant 
of  .Jacob  Miller,  wdio  was  born  in  1003,  emigrated 
from  Germany,  and  purchased  a  large  tract  of  land 
in  Pequea  Valley,  in  Strasburg  township.  His  son, 
Samuel,  was  the  first  child  born  in  the  Swiss  colony. 
Henry  j\li!ler,  one  of  his  descendants,  \va"s  a  member 
of  the  convention  that  framed  the  Constitution  of 
Pennsylvania. 

In  IS15,  Thomas  Slok.im  moved  to  Sad-bury  town- 
ship, where  he  erected  the  Red  Lion  Hotel,  which  he 
kept  to  the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  Aug.  1, 
1833.  He  wiis  buried  in  Miller's  graveyard,  Stras- 
burg township.  His  wife  died  at  the  resitlence  of  one 
ol  ber  daughters,  Mr-,  ('loss,  in  lle.lford,  Oakland 
Co.,  Mich.,  ill  1S42. 

Slokom,  all  are  deceased  except  Samuel. 

I'pon  the  death  of  his  father,  Samuel  came  into 
the  possession  of  the  hotel  and  forty  acres  of  land 
connected  with  it,  and  was  its  landlord  for  six  years. 
In  1841  he  sold  the  ]iroperty,  and  purchased  an  im- 
proved farm  in  Wayne  County,  Mich.,  with  the  inten- 
tion of  moving  upon  it,  but  finally  deciding  to  remain 
in  his  native  i?tate,  he  purchased  a  farm  in  Bart  town- 
ship of  one  hundred  and  eight  acres,  which  he  carried 
on  for  about  six  years.  He  then  purchased  a  farm  of 
thirty  acres  adjoining  the  village  of  Christiana,  the 
birthplace  of  the  renowned  jihysician  and  surgeon. 


1040 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Tir.  D.  Hayes  Agiiew.  During  his  tliree  years'  resi- 
dence here  he  carried  on  tlie  Nohle  Foundry  in  Chris- 
tiana, the  last  year  in  company  with  William  F. 
Baker,  to  whom  he  -^oM  his  interest  in  1858.  He  then 
purchased  a  ll.rjii  at  t'on|Hrville  »{  ..ue  huiulre.l  and 
two  acre-,  with  llirec  ir  ideiiees,  stiMe,  and  hhiek- 
smith-shop,  wliere  he  remained  (me  vi  ar  ;  then  |.iir- 
chased  the  Boone  I'arm  nf  one  hundred  and  eiudit 
acres,  which  he  also  carried  on  one  year,  lie  next 
purchase;!  of  Junius  P.  Marshall  the  old  Pownall 
farm  at  Christiana,  of  one  hundred  and  twenty-eight 
acres,  and  moved  on  to  it  in  1857,  where  he  has  since 
resided.  A  large  [lortion  of  Christiana  village  lots 
have  been  sold  off  from  this  farm. 

Mr.  Slokom  has  been  a  large  operator  in  real  estate, 
having  executed  three  hundred  and  eight  title-deeds 
for  lands.  He  was  a  Democrat  in  politics  to  the  time 
of  the  Fremont  campaign.  He  voted  for  the  latter, 
and  lias  ever  since  been  an  active  worker  in  the  inter- 
ests of  the  Republican  party.  He  has  filled  the  ofli.e 
of  justice  of  the  peace  fifteen  years,  and  served  one 
term  as  commissioner  of  the  county.  He  came 
within  one  vote  of  receiving  the  nomimition  of  his 
party  for  the  Senate  in  1855. 

In  1882  he  was  chiefly  instrumental  in  the  organi- 
zation of  the  National  Bank  of  Christiana,  of  which 
he  was  elected  ])resident,  which  jio.-ition  he  now 
holds.  The  bank  has  been  successful  beyond  the  ex- 
pectations of  its  founders.  He  has  been  for  twenty- 
one  years  a  director  in  the  Lancaster  County  Mutual 
Insurance  (.'onipany,  and  for  the  la-^t  two  years  its 
president. 

He  joined  the  Society  of  Friends  in  1844.  He 
married  Jan.  4,  1837,  Mary,  daughter  of  Isaac  and 
Deborali  Walker.  Mrs.  Sh)kom  was  born  in  Sads- 
bury  township,  April  (i,  18t)G.  Their  children- living 
are  Susan,  Dora  D.,  Isaac  W.,  and  INIary  U. 

Susan  is  wife  of  Thomas  J.  Houston,  genera!  man- 
ager of  the  Chester  RoUing-Mills,  in  Delaware  County. 

Dora  is  the  wife  of  William  II.  Sproul,  connected 
with  the  same  works.  They  have  two  children,  Sam- 
uel E.  and  William  C. 

Isaac  W.,  cashier  of  the  National  Bank  of  Chris- 
tiana, married  Laura  V.  Shyrock,  of  Newtown,  Va. 
Children,— Samuel  and  Charles. 

Mary  R.  is  the  wife  of  James  Sproul,  farmer,  re- 
siding in  Highland  townshiiJ,  Chester  Co.  Children, 
— Dora  and  Anna. 

Mr.  Slokom  is  a  man  of  strong  practical  sense,  and 
as  a  business  man  has  few  superiors  ;  of  great  force  of 
character,  wonderful  energy,  and  an  untiring  worker 
in  wdiatever  he  undertakes.  His  judgment  in  mat- 
ters of  every-day  life  is  greatly  superior  to  that  of  the 
average  of  men,  and  is  so  recognized  by  tliose  wdio 
kmiw  him.  An  intuitive  knowledge  of  hunnin  nature 
is  a  marked  feature  of  his  character,  and  has  been  an 
important  agency  in  his  career.  ]Sfo  man  in  the  com- 
munity wliere  lie  lives_  wields  a  wider  influence  or 
is  more  universally  respected. 


les  Tin, 


t'lltlMPSON. 

■-  born  in  Sadsbury  towi 


d  Hoh. 


niarrieij  Lydia,  dang 
i7r.11,  ,lied  Dec.  11,  18(i(;. 

Col.  James  Thom|,son  was  born  an 
the  farm  now  owned  by  Join,  W.  '1  I 
his  descendants,  near  Smyiiia,  in  S:id 

The  Supreme  Kxecauive  Conneil  , 
commissioned  James  Thompson,  ICsq 
first  battalion  of  mil 
15,  1777.     His  comm 


olonel  I 
county  of  York, 
ttached  to  Brig. 


d  of   the    I'eiii 
White    Hor>e, 


.1.  Tl 


Ewi 


James  Potter,  who  hail  ei 
vania  nulitia.  In  the  act 
Sept.  10,  1777,  Col.  I'houi 
while  making  a  charge  ui" 
Potter  dismounted  and  tli 
his  horse,  and  sent  him  to  1 

Col.    Tl„nnp-on    was    ele 
founty,  fell,  1:;.  1771),  d.  1; 
Alter  the  exinr.iliou  of  hi,  term  as  eouneilur  he  n 
turned  to  Sadsbury  towiishiii. 

He  engaged  in  business  with  Col.  John  Steel,  wh 
also  married  a  daughter  of  Robert  Bailey.  Co 
Thompson  jiurchased  several  hundred  acres  of  Ian 
at  Steelville,  along  the  Octorara  Creek.  He  engagi 
in  the  manufacture  of  paper,  and  after  carrying  o 
the  business  successfully  lor  a  number  of  years  1 
retired  to  his  farm  in  Sadsbury. 

Col.  Robert  Thompsim,  brother  of  James,  was  aj 
pointed  sub-lieutenant  of  the  county,  and  died  i 
Sadsbury  townshi])  in  the  fall  of  1783. 

Cajit.  Andrew  Tiioni].soii,  a  brother  of  James  an 
Robert,  commamb  d  a  coiuiiany  of  militia  in  Cliesti 
County.  He  was  eomnii-sioned  by  tiovernor  Sinn 
Snyder  major  of  the  first  Hattalion  .of  the  Ninel; 
seventh  Regiment  of  Militia.  During  theRevolutii 
Andrew  Thompson  moved  to  York  County,  wdiere  I 
was  appointed  a  justice  of  the  peace.  At  the  clu; 
of  tlie  war  he  returned  to  Sadsbury  township  wit 
his  brother  Jame-. 


CH  A  PTER    LXXV. 


S.\i.i,s); 


ItY 


jW.X.s'lII 


The  township  of  Salisbury  embraces  the  Pequea 
Valley  at  its,  eastern  or  upper  end.  The  Welsh 
JMountain  forms  its  nortliern  boundary,  and  the  Mine 
and  Gap  hills  lie  on  the  south.  The  two  ranges  meet 
on  tlie  east,  inclosing  the  valley  ou  three  sides.  The 
tributaries  of  the  Pequea  Creek  have  their  origin  in 
the  surrounding  hills,  and,  joining  the  main  branch, 
flow  into  Leacoek  towndiip  at  Hiinsecker's  mill. 
The  surface  of  the  country  is  rolling  and  is  underlaid 
wdtli  limestone,  thus  securing  a  soil  rich  in  the  inor- 
ganic elements  of  jilant  food  and  also  good  drainage. 


I  lly  Jo 


SALISBURY   TOWNSIII 


tnip-dike  that  crosses  the  county  IVoin  i  Jones, 


theiist  to  soiitliwest  pusses  th 
in-ville,  Spiiiii;  Gardi'n,  Iiu\ 

,      The    soil    ill    tliis  -Mike" 


the  villages 
ni,  lUl.l  Heth; 
l.L'll    eh.aied 


laiiiel  Cookson,  for  John    Gosling,  35; 
IS,  15;  William  Clark,  i:.. 

ASSliSSMENT-LIST    Knit    17J4 


of  the    hills    « 
ill  north  olKi 


I  the  Mine  Ridge. 
Thoroughfares. 


,Ugh     thl 

illords,  a 
.diice  ol 


rllv    hare,      ll   is 

said   Ihat 

■as  ile.litnte  of  h 

rge  trees. 

nit  might  .see  ,le 

r  grazing 

Pennsylvania 

Railroad 

western  part  of 
ip  Station,  the  el 
llev.     The   Xeu 

ief  outlet 
Hirt   road, 

Settlement.— Sal ishnry  township  derived  its  name 
fr(jm  Sali.-.l)Ury  in  England,  and  was  organized  in 
1729  out  (d'  a  part  of  wliat  was  Peqnea. 

The  early  settlers  were  Scolch-Irish  Preshyterians, 
Episcoi)alians,  and  (Quakers.  In  the  years  1700  and 
1701  large  tracts  of  land  on  the  Peq^nea  were  sur- 
veyed for  James  Logan,  Reheeca  Shaw,  Elizabeth 
Pace,  John  iMarlow,  and  Thomas  Story.  Few,  if  any, 
settlements  were  made  prior  to  1710.  From  that 
time  settlers  continued  to  arrive  from   England  and  '  ^.'.'I'l','  j;,  !,i\ "  \  i\ 

land-owner.-,  at  that  time  weie  few  in  number.  ti.' '..  .^  rl -.'.,  „        i  .. 

.\lter  the  organization  of  the  townshij).  in  1729,  the  |  \\7iii ,'.,:  <  :  iTk"  ,       :ii' 
immigrants  came  ill  rapidly.    The  pioneers  had  many  j  sI'm,',' i '.'"vi  ,'-'i       \-.'< 
luirdships   to  endure.     After  building  a   log   liouse,  j  ^''"'|''||  ,,',^',','Vn'    ''     -„i 
the  next  thing  was  to  clear  a  spot  of  ground  for  corn  I  Jul'"  i'"pe  umieo  ..   f.u 
and  potatoes,  as  these  gave  the  first  return  for  their     wiiiiiim  cowun.......  ua 

labor.  Tlie  hoininy-hlock  was  a  necessary  article  T^l'.ni^ia'aVwuir'.'"."!  lilu 
in  every  family.    After  they  liad  succeeded  in  raising  L  Hiom-i  CooUon    ....  -nii 

some  wheat,  it  liad  to  be  taken  many  miles  on  pack-  I  am.iiow  Oliii1,i» ismi 

horses  to  mills  in  Chester  County.  Frequently  the  j  johrc,',d,nm. '..'."..'.'.  luu 
supply  would  run  out  in  winter,  ajid  the  family  would  j  J'''iIufig*;|^ssVu'iiiieV)!  isfi 
be  for  weeks  without  bread.      Gourds  were  largely     JuiiiiiiouKiiuis  .......  2  u 

used  for  drinking-cups,  and  in  some  cases  the  family        cunii.ir) i.'iu 

took  their  milk  and  hoiniuy  irom  these  rustic  basins,      e.i.  Uoii-tibs mu 

The  oldest  house  in  the  township  is  probably  the  |  j,',,"i',',''"Kn  """^J^re. '■"" 

stone  house  now  occupied  by  Rebecca  Clemson.     It        ia-..i..-ji. m 

was  built  about  1735  or  173G  by  James  Clem^oii,  and      iiiml'i'"'i,y"   FMUer- 
still  remains  in  the  hands  of  the  Clemsons.  ii,!v"i  iVn'u'.y  .."^!.i'-'  is" 

List  of  non-resident  land-holders  on  Pequeaiii  1708,  jl'i'l'irdi'l'ilifi,*'""  I'l!^ 
with  the  number  of  acres:  j.'n ''   \*i"i'n, 

James    Logan,    1000    acres;    Rebecca   Shaw,    300;      Ti'i'.n'i-"',?'',.',?  bi 

Elizabeth  Pace,  250;  John  Marlow,  250;  Thomas  ",;|;,':';:  I;,'";;::,;',,  -;i; 
Story,  1708.  Vh',',,* '-.'I'l'u  V),  "■'"' 

The  hdlow'ing  is  the  tax-list  for  Peqnea  for  1720,—     J-i'i'.  m'.H'-  i-i 

it  was   then  a   portion  of  Chester  County, — and  the  ,  'ii,','  -m     ;  in 

annexed  valuation  (in  pounds)  given  to  their  estates :  i  j' [','  ,,;  '|  '  l"! 

JohnBarger,  20;  William  Richardson,  10;  Thomas  ',  '1^';^;  ',',  ,!,  ;  „  ';;!,' 
Faulkner,  -10;  James  Gault,  15;  Thomas  Clark,  20;  '  .i  UmX,,  :'M',','ii'.i'.'  i'':. 
Robert   Ganlt,    12;    Josiali    Ridgway,    10;     Morgan      ''''iXot"!'.!.'!°. '.'."'.'"    fio 


260  50 

ioo         60 


'"  100 

60 

1)    .',u 

lu 

60 

WW 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


,  0/  Per«„«s  Farmiiio  oit 


TAX-LIST   OF   SALISBUUY    FOB 

,■  41K)  »cie8.  1  ni-k'TO.         JBiiies  IK'liileri 


Kobcit  Jlc} 

\Vn 

.  Si-utt. 

Jul 

1  JlcCi 

Jan 

U3EMV 

Jul 

1  IL.y'i 

M^i 

y  I),.y.l 

Jo), n  Huston 
Jolin  lluMor 
J„mc3  H..p>l 


■ca  Aiiaersun. 
vu.  Biisly- 
t  Biiyei-s. 

J.n.uUJacU, 
&iinnd  Jolinson. 

1  ick  BLiktr. 

Mary  Jolinson. 
Jacob  Kizor. 

3  Uuyd. 
ll.cnJy. 
,„l  Willium  lioyJ,  150  acre 

James  Utile. 
JunicB  Little. 
.        Andrew  Little, 
Tl.omas  Lii.v.ll. 

,iiiCaniblL-,40iJaciVi,. 
u,iCo«i-i,. 

lIcGowen. 

Jul.n  McClillough. 

aCowen. 

Uol.ort  McClellea. 

Arcliibiild  McCurUy 

,u,l  JiaubCurts. 

Ale.«„JerMcCl,nto 

S,..imel  John 
llu^li  JenUh 
Daniel  MeKe 
W.u.  Maure. 
Hugh  Jenkii 
Wni.  Mooie. 


Samuel  Hughs. 
Jamus  UughB. 
Joshua  (Jope. 


,iuMl  lioll.lU.i 
I,  Doutollull. 

ma^  Uouglus 
mas  Dou'ilasl 
lea  DoUithiss, 
r"i.  liulHelJ. 


Johu  lluey. 
Willinm  lieggs, 
William  Cainiic 
John  Jlnrlau.l. 


w 

111 

m  Tl 

ompiio 

Jy 

eh 

McCr 
1  llui 

idy. 

It 

be 

t  McCurdy 

Ilela 


Cenja: 


J,inieHGalI,:iiH) 

A.lam  Oalt. 

John  and  Willi 

■Z  mills. 

llcr,  carpenter. 

James  Hibso,,. 

wheeUvright. 

Thonmsllreen. 

Thom.iB  Slonians. 
ThiiUias  Sharp. 
Unniion  SUilea. 
Miehael  Tryer. 
Isaac  Taylor,  220  a 
John  Wilson. 


SALISBURY   TOWNSHIP. 


Siimuel  Join 


t 


r 


CliiLiU'8  Da 
Hubert  I'm 
Daniel  I'lo 


S.iiiiui'l  Jeiiiilnga. 


Juliti  Au.ler 
Willi.i.ii  Dn 
Jnlin  KiiU. 


Jol.iiTiirliot. 

K.lu 

„>1  .Mall 

Jan 

■sCliIIoi 

I1..M 

ml  Muo 

i;oi. 

rt  Ilarr. 

Jau, 

■sAllisoi 

lr,„y  Mmu 

10. 

Wilhani  Brtady. 

luiiiy  GuoJ. 

;.«,-|.l.  Malt 

f« 

I    K,,,r..\:w.. 
i    Kiztr,  (if..! 


IJ2     15,1110 

■na  12,120 


=  Iii;UY    FUU   17,S0. 


19U    0,8110 
100    5,l»)0 

200  liliooo 

2UU  ll,i)00 

4S0  2l,lio0 

;;iio  io,&iio 

100     3,1)00 

218  lo'noo 
200    4,m) 


'J5    7,:i75 
82     Ti'Jlli 


John  Kobel- 
Ilujili  FurKi 
Jamos  Grail 


William  Livingston.  JIalliolmc. 

The  following  is  tlie  muster-roll  of  the  Fifth  Bat- 
talion of  Lancaster  Uniinty  iiiililia,  in  the  province 
of  I'eniisylvania,  coiiunaniled  by  t'ol.  James  Craw- 
ford and  Oapt.  Robert  lUiyers,  located  at  llergentowii 
Camp,  Sept.  4,  177(i: 


'„/  Office,,. 


ait,   « 

coiiil   uuyor 

JanR.8  MoiitKoniuiy, 

Whitl 

hlll,illlarli.'rt] 

lastor;  William  .Scott, 

D.D., 

iiliniilain  ;  Lc- 

kl^j  Murray,  seriti-an 

majo. 

;  JaniL-a  Fur=. 

ylho,  .|ilarH)ruiistir-su 

[IISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Jul. 


Ji.llius  WkIs 
AlcliiUiil.lJ 
Willi,-.*!  Ik. 
John  Evaiib, 
.Sauiui'lJoli 
Jul.M  \Vi,llii- 


Puvid  Mc-Uii.le. 

Jail.M  l'..llf.=,o... 

Ji,m,'S  Miukfj. 

B..iiiol  MtAfL-c. 

Will,;,in  lliduiiiisun. 

Diivi.l  Ila.ria. 

Jubn  M.:Oowe„. 

Ji..i.e»  Dickey. 

J.imes  FkMning. 

J, .1.1.  li,.Mfr. 

JucoLi  IV'B. 

Kobe.t  McNeil. 

S.ilnu,!  Ihisha. 

Fra.icis  llulmea. 

James  liicluudson. 

Jos..pl.  M,,yer. 

Jim.es  McFuddun. 

M..,.le  n..gs;a. 

ThoniiiB  Sleniona,  Jr. 

W.l.ian,  Aii.istrong. 

James  Gitnlt. 

JUSTICKJ   OF   THE 

I'EACE   SINCE   1810. 

n  Myers,  .\i.ril  14,  1S4I>. 

11.  W.  Ma.  till,  ApriH4,  1803. 

L   lltndera.jii,  ApiilU,  1S4U. 

Jo».^pl.  r.  W..lker,  April  14,  1808. 

ny  Dicliiiiaon,  Apiil  15,  ISlo. 

Dai.iel  E.  Lee,  April  14,  18U8. 

n  Myei-s,  April  15,  1815. 

Jol.u  Seldomrid-e,  April  14,  1873. 

u  Myers,  A i.ii  19,1830. 

A.  F.Slayninke.-,  1874. 

I,.  HiTidersun,  April  13,  1852. 

A.  F.  Slaymuker,  1875. 

u  W.  Invii.,  April  10,  1855. 

S.  J.  Hor.deison,  1878. 

W.  Ma. liu,  April  l.i,  I,S5S. 

S.J.  HHnder3..i.,lS7'J. 

vestor  Kt-i..n-dy,  April  l:i,  1S.58. 

A.  F.  Slay.....ker,  188.). 

.■pi.  Unibl.',  April  14,  IXfi. 

Early  History  of  the  Gap.'— Tlie  Gap  has  been  a 
phiee  oC  considerable  importance  ever  since  the  first 
settlement  of  the  Pequea  and  Conestoga  Valleys.  It  j 
\va8  situated  on  the  main  thoroughfare,  leading  from  j 
the  landing  place  at  New  Castle,  Del.,  to  the  new  set-  j 
tleinents  to  the  westward,  and  one  day's  journey  from 
the  former  place,  and  con.sequently  it  was  the  stoj)- 
])ing  place  over  night  of  the  large  parties  of  immi- 
grants from  the  '"  Emerald  Isle,"  and  from  the  valleys 
of  the  Rhine.  Here  in  the  Gap  is  the  traditional  Penn 
Rock,  the  Penn  Spring,  and  the  Shawnee  Garden,  and 
the  bed  of  the  old  Indian  retlquiix,  from  which  fifty- 
seven  cart-loads  of  coal  and  ashes  were  hauled  out  in 
the  year  1873.  That  William  Penn  visited  the  Gap 
in  the  year  1700,  while  on  his  journey  to  Conestoga, 
there  cannot  be  any  doubt.  Here  he  reserved  for  liis 
own  use  two  liundred  acres  of  land,  besides  a  larger 
tract  to  the  soutlnvard,  in  Sadsbury  township,  wliich 
was  surveyed  about  the  year  1701. 

This  tract  remained  unsold  by  the  proprietors  for 
more  than  thirty-five  years  after  the  first  surveys. 
Francis  Jones  was  jjerniitted  to  erect  suitable  build- 
ings thereon  for  the  accommodation  not  only  of  the 
throng  of  immigrants  who  came  by  way  of  New 
Castle,  Del.,  but  for  the  accommodation  of  parties  of 

1  CuiitilOuled  by  Isaac  Walker. 


hunters  and  visitors  from  Philadelphia  by  tlie  same 
route. 

Francis  Jones  obtained  licence  fur  his  public-liouse 
from  tlie  court  of  Cliester  County  at  the  November 
sessions  in  1720.  On  the  30th  day  of  the  2d  month 
(April),  17S6,  a  warrant  was  first  granted  by  the  heirs 
of  William  Penn  for  this  two  hundred  acres  of  land 
in  the  Gap  to  the  said  Francis  Jones  (on  which  his 
hotel  buildings  had  long  been  erected)  under  certain 
conditions  in  the  warrant  specified,  but  Francis  Jones 
liavingdied  before  the  said  conditions  had  been  com- 
[ilied  with,  the  warrant  and  the  survey  made  in  pur- 
suance thereof  was  declared  null  and  void,  and  the 
Penn  family  once  more  became  possessed  of  the  Gap, 
with  all  the  buildings  and  improvements  tliercon,  but 
on  the  9th  day  of  October,  1746,  at  the  instance  and 
request  of  Isaac  Taylor,  the  third  husband  of  Jane,  the 
widow  of  Francis  Jones,  eighty  and  one-half  acres  ..f 
this  land,  with  all  the  buildings  in  tlie  Gap,  was  con- 
veyed to  him  by  the  heirs  of  William  Penn,  as  a  piirt 
of  their  manor  of  Cnnestoija  in  the  county  of  Lancas- 
ter, and  it  was  so  recorded  in  the  office  for  the  record- 
ing of  deeds  for  the  city  and  county  of  Philadelphia, 
in  Patent  Book  .-V,  vol.  .xiii.,  page  128,  on  the  11th 
day  of  the  8th  mo.  (October),  174G,  where  it  will 
more  fully  appear. 

The  descendants  of  Isaac  and  Jane  (Metcalf, 
Jones)  Taylor  held  this  tract  of  land  until  about  the 
time  of  the  Revokuionary  war,  when  it  was  sold  by 
Isaac  Taylor,  Jr.,  excepting  ten  acres,  to  George 
Leech,  and  in  the  year  1813  he  sold  the  said  ten 
acres  to  William  Power,  Jr.,  who  resold  it  to  William 
Lytle.  After  the  decease  of  George  Leech  the  tract 
of  seventy  and  one-half  acres  was  purchased  by  Wil- 
liam Bulla,  and  after  the  decease  of  William  Bulla  it 
was  purchased  by  John  Barkman,  tlien  by  William 
Lytle  and  by  Samuel  Houston,  Esq.  After  the  de- 
cease of  Squire  Houston,  it  was  owned  for  several 
years  by  his  son,  James  H.  Houston,  and  after  his 
decease  it  was  purchased  by  the  late  George  H.  Rutter, 
and  it  is  now  owned  by  his  widow,  Jlrs.  Annie  Rutter, 
excepting  ten  acres,  which  was  laid  oft"  in  building 
lots,  and  sold  by  George  Diller  and  Dr.  John  Martin 
in  the  year  1872,  and  which  has  now  been  dotted  over 
with  stately  residences  and  smiling  cottages. 

The  upper,  or  western  hotel,  is  a  three-storied  stone 
building,  the  main  or  western  end  of  which  was 
erected  for  a  private  residence  by  Isaac  Taylor  (1st) 
aboutthe  year  1747.  By  his  will,  bearing  date  in  17rj(3, 
he  bequeathed  all  his  landed  estate  in  the  Gap  to  his 
son  Isaac  Taylor  (2d),  who  was  a  worthy  member  of 
the  society  of  Friends,  a  recommended  minister  of  the 
gospel,  and  at  onetime  the  clerk  of  Sadsbury  Monthly 
Meeting.  -He  was  joined  in  marriage,  in  17G4,  with 
Mary  Bulla,  the  daughter  of  Thomas  Bulla,  Sr.,  of 
Chester  County,  and  lived  with  her  about  forty-nine 
years.  Their  son,  Jacob  Taylor,  was  appointed  by 
the  Yearly  Jleeting  of  the  Friends  in  Philadelphia, 
near  the  beginning  of  the  present  century,  to  superiii- 


SALISBURY    TOWNSHIP. 


tion„ftlu;0:ittai 
X.w  V(uk.     Tin 


Ihc 


\nd    Cohiiiibi:i 
)    JI.  !^.  Kltiis 


■AvAse< 


three  liiimlruil  poiiii. Is. 

The  ohl  Kiistorn  Hdtel  was  ercetcl  by  F niacis  iin.l 
Isahelhi  Leeeli,  about  the  year  Xl'iU.  He  ha.l  emi- 
grated from  Irebiiul,  and  married  Isabella,  the  rieh 
young  widow  of  Cliristoplier  Griflitb,  who  had  re- 
sided at  the  old  stone  mansion  (wbieb  was  afterwards 
burned)  near  the  present  residence  of  Isaac  Staufter, 
and  with  her  fortune  he  was  enabled  to  purchase  a  part 
of  the  Thomas  Hay  ward  tract,  then  owned  by  Samuel 
Garret,  on  which  land  he  erected  a  large  two-storied 
stone  building,  which  is  now  owned  by  Isaac  W.  Uut- 
ter,  and  which  was  long  known  as  the  old  Gap 
Tavern.  When  the  Pliiladelphiaand  Strasburg  road 
was  first  laid  out  in  1770,  it  was  (according  to  theColo- 
nial  Records)  located  forty-nine  feet  from  the  front 
doorstep  of  the  public-house  of  Francis  Leech,  in 
the  Gap,  near  which  was  erected  the  first  log  school- 
house,  wdiere  the  old  Irish  schoolmaster,  with  his 
birchen  rod,  plied  liis  vocation.  Francis  and  Isabella 
Leecli  were  the  grandparents  of  the  late  Ann  and 
Klizabctli  Leech,  who  recently  died  near  the  Gap, 
aged  over  ninety  years.  George  Leech,  the  son  of 
Francis  and  Isabella,  held  the  property,  and  kept  the 
old  hotel  during  his  lifetime,  and  also  purchased  the 
upper  Gap,  with  seventy  and  one-half  acres  of  land, 
from  Isaac  Taylor,  Jr.,  and,  having  built  an  addition 
at  the  eastern  end  of  the  house,  he  established  therein 
another  hotel,  and  for  many  years  both  houses  were 
kept  lor  the  accommodation  of  the  public.  After  the 
decease  of  George  Leech,  the  Eastern  Hotel  property 
— about  the  year  1808  and  near  the  time  when  the 
Gap  and  Newport  turjipike  was  erected — was  pur- 
chased by  the  well-known  Thomas  Henderson,  Esq., 
who  hail  been  united  in  marriage  with  Eleanor,  the 
daughter  of  Moses  and  f^leanor  Brinton,  of  Leacock 
township.  Squire  Henderson  owned  this  property, 
and  had  the  hotel  and  a  store  for  general  merchandise 
kept  there  for  nearly  thirty  years,  and  after  his  de- 
cease it  was  owned  by  his  son,  James  G.  Henderson, 
who  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Legislature  about 
the  year  1841.  He  did  not  long  survive,  and,  having 
no  heirs,  the  property  was  sold. 

About  the  time  the  railroad  was  completed,  Henry 
F.  Slaymaker  and  the  Kejinedys  each  erected  large 
brick  buildings  on  the  line  of  the  roail  for  hotel  pur- 
[)oses,  which  were  kept  for  some  time  as  public- 
houses,  but  in  both  of  which  the  business  has  been 
diseontinuecL 

About  18l:i,  Ool.  Jo,eph  H.  liaker  purchased  land 
in  Gap  which  had  belonged  to  Henry  F.  Slaymaker, 
Esq.,  on  which  he  erected  a  very  fine  residence,  a 
largo  warehouse,  and  a  store  for  general  merchandis- 
ing, when'  he  and  .lames  Hopkins  carried  on  the 
business:    but  (^'ol.    liaker  being   appointed    general 


rcsoldit  to  Dr.  J,.hri  Martin,  of  liart. 

The    war.ehousu    was    purchased    by  the   Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad  Company,  and  the  residence  of  Col. 
liaker  was  sold  to  George  Diller,  and  was  known  as 
the  Mansion  House  Hotel.     George  Diller  resold  it 
'  to  the  late  George  H.  Ratter,  and  it  is  now  owned, 
j  together  with  the  Ujiper  Gap  Hotel,  by  his  widow, 
I  Mrs.  Annie  Rutter.     The  upper  brick  hotel  property 
I  of  Henry  F.  Slaymaker    was   purchased   about   the 
j  year  1837  by  Hathorn  Freeland,  who  erected  a  ware- 
house and  also  a  store  for  the  sale  of  general  mer- 
'chandise,  which  were  afterward  owned   by  W.  Penn 
j  Kinzer,  William  Easton,  and  others.     15oth  the  hotel 
and  store  have  been  changed  to  private  residences, 
1  and  they  are  now  owned  by  Mrs.  Portner  and   her 
;  friends,  and  the  warehouse  was  burned  down. 

The  old  stone  mansion-house  of  the  Kennedys, 
which  is  yet  standing,  was  erected  probably  about 
the  year  1760  by  a  man  named  Johnston  (who,  it  was 
said,  tempered  his  mortar  with  whiskey),  on  land 
originally  owned  by  Thomas  Faulconer,  and  was 
purchased  by  James  Kennedy. 

Jehu  Murray's  old  smith-shop  is  gone,  but  his  old 
stone  still-house,  which  had  been  heard  of  in  Ireland, 
yet  remains  a  standip.g  monument  of  the  "  dark  age." 
'       For   the   space   of  about   one  hundred  years  old 
:  Sadsbury    was   the  only    house    for   public    worship 
I  within  four  miles  of  Gap.     There  the   Friends  had 
,  three  and  sometimes  four   regular  ministers  at  one 
and  the  same  time,  and  the  Presbyterians  frequently 
!  attended  and  listened  attentively  to  the  sermons. 
i       In  the  year  18-23  a  house  for  public  worship  (called 
Bellevue)  was  erected   in  Gap  by  tlie  Presbyterians 
and  others.     It  had  not  been  an  organized  Presby- 
terian Church  for  the  space  of  about  nine  years,  but 
in  the  year  1832,  as  Hie  Presbyterians  bad  contributed 
the  largest  amount  towards  the  erection  of  the  house, 
it  was  chartered  as  a  regularly  organized  Presbyterian 
Church.     The  land  was  then   in  possession   of  Mrs. 
Elizabeth  Kennedy,  and  she  devised  one  acre  beside 
contributing  one  hundred   dollars   in   money.     Col. 
Ma.xwell  Kennedy  contributed  one  hundred  and  fifty 
dollars;    Samuel    Houston,   Esq.,   one   hundred   and 
fifty  dollars;   Henry  F.  Slaymaker,   Esq.,  one  hun- 
dred dollars  ;<   Robert  Mcllvaine,  one   hundred  dol- 
lars. 

Tlie  first  elders  appointed  were  Henry  F.  Slay- 
maker, Hamilton  Rouey,  and  William  S.  Kennedy, 
and  the  first  regularly  installed  minister  was  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Timlow,  who  still  resides  at  Gap.  The  house  has 
since  been  enlarged  ainl  very  much  improved. 

The  Methodists  erected  a  fine  commodious  house 
for  public  worship  in  Gap  in  the  year  1873.     It  is  an 
incorporated  church,  and  being  situated  on  an  eleva- 
tion, it  makes  a  tine  ap|>earauce. 
In  the  year  1872  the  Knights  of  Pythias  erected  a 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY 


fine  brick  building,  and  named  it  "  Ponn  Moiiunient 
Hall,"   and   the  citizens    |mi'cbased   a  Kiaml   tower- 
clock  for  tlie  dome,  costijig  them  over  six   hundred  ; 
dollars,  and  I^aac  ^Valker  contributed  one  iiundred 
diplhns  towaids   |.urclK,Miigabell  for  tlie  same.     In  i 
the  year  ls72  the   Hon.  John  li.  Livingston  erected  ' 
for  himself  a  palatial  residence  near  the  Presbyterian  , 
Church,  costing  him  over  seven  thousaml  dollars,  but 
in  18S2  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company,  wishing  [ 
to  loweu  tlie  bed  of  their  road  in  Gap,  wereobliged  to 
encroach   upon   his  ground,  and  in  consequence  he 
sold  the  whole  jnoperty  to  the  conjpany.  i 

The   Gap   was  originally  settled  by   the  Friends,  j 
The  Joneses,  the  Metcalfs,  the  Richardsons,  and  the  \ 
Taylors  were   members   of  that   religious  sect,  and  ; 
the  place  was  known  to  be  peopled  by  a  moral  and  j 
religious   community.     It  must,  however,  be  admit-  I 
ted   that   from   the  close  of  the   Revolutionary  war, 
and   from  the  time  when   Isaac  Taylor,  Jr.,  trans- 
ferred the  property  to  others,  tlie  place  became  known  | 
for  many  years  as  the  reverse  of  what  it  had  been  be-  j 
fore,  and  also  of  what  it  now  is,  and  that  period  may 
be  considered  "the  middle"  or  "dark  age"  of  Gap.  j 
More  than  fifty  acres  of  ground  had  been  cleared  and 
set  apart  for  horse-racing,  and  this  is  known  at  the  | 
present  day  as  the  "  old  race-ground,"  where  the  clans  j 
from  distant  parts  met  and  carried  on  all  manner  of 
wickedness.  i 

After  the  Philadelphia  turnpike  had  been  tapped 
by  the   Gap   and   Newport  pike   large  quantities   of 
wheat  and  other  grain  were  delivered  at  the  Brandy- 
wine  mills,  and  many  Conestoga  wagons  made  this  j 
their  st(,pping-place. 

Gap  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.'— This  society 
formerly  worshiped  at  Asbury  Jlethodist  Episcopal 
Church  in  Sadsbury,  but  it  removed  to  Crap  in  1873. 
The  trustees  purchased  in  1872  a  lot  of  ground  from 
George  H.  Rutter,  for  six  hundred  and  fifty  dollars, 
on  which  to  erect  a  church  building.  A  building 
committee  was  ajipointed,  consisting  of  B.  P.  Liv- 
ingston, W.  Robinson,  Samuel  R.  Liuvill,  and  S.  S. 
Linvill. 

They  rented  ( iap  Hal  1,  and  the  pastor.  Rev.  J.  R.  :\Ier- 
rill,  commenced  regular  preaching  there  in  April,  1873. 
They  proceeded  to  erect  the  house  of  worship,  which 
was  completed  and  dedicated  Feb.  G,  1870.  The 
church  is  a  frame  structure,  thirty-five  by  sixty-five 
feet,  with  basement  story.  It  is  of  modern  architec- 
ture, with  stained-glass  windows  and  a  tower.  It 
cost  five  thousand  two  hundred  dollars. 

This  society  has  sixty  mendjers.  It  has  an  excel- 
leiit  Sunday-school.  R.  P.  Livingston  is  superin- 
tendent. The  society  is  incorporated.  The  trustees 
arr  H.  II.  Hamilton,  C.  Fox,  .B.  P.  Livingston,  Jacob 
Ph  k,  I,  S.nnuel  R.  Linville,  Samuel  BoJth,  Rev.  V. 
Gray. 

This  society  was  connected  with  Georgetown  Meth- 


odist JOpiscopal  Church,  constituting  Georgetown  and 
Gap  Circuit,  in  1873.  It  was  in  Susquehanna  Dis- 
trict, with  Rev.  C.  F.  Turner,  presiding  elder,  and 
J.  R.  Merrill,  preacher;  187-1-75,  William  Downey; 
1870,  A.  J.  Amthor;  1877,  G.  Cummins,  presiding 
elder,  and  A.  J.  Amthor,  preacher;  1878-7!),  Rev.  J. 
A.  Cooper;  1880,  E.  C.  Yerkes;  1881-83,  J.  Dicker- 
son,  presiding  elder;  1881-82,  E.  C.  Yerkes,  preacher; 
1883,  Rev.  L.  D.  McClintock. 

There  are  at  present  in  the  village  a  public  school, 
blacksmith-  and  wdieelwriglu-shops,  a  store,  owned 
by  David  Houston,  a  greenhouse,  by  Peter  Eby,  and 
Houston  post-office. 

Gap  is  the  most  important  business  place  in  the 
township.  The  Pennsylvania  Railroad  passenger  sta- 
tion and  warehouse  and  the  Adams  Express  office  are 
here,  and  also  the  Western  Union  Telegrapli  office. 

A.  F.  Slaymaker,  justice  of  the  peace,  surveyor,  and 
conveyancer,  has  his  office  in  the  place.  J.  C.  Walker 
&  Son  do  an  immense  business  in  grain,  lumber,  coal, 
salt,  etc.  J.  Marsh  &  Sons,  Isaac  Walker,  and  Baily 
&  Martin  sell  large  quantities  of  dry-goods  and  gen- 
eral merchandise.  Henry  Fox  is  notary  public  and 
merchant  tailor,  and  Kauti'man  &  Livingston  exten- 
sive hardware  and  agricultural  implement  dealers. 
In  addition  to  these  there  are  smith-shops,  tin-shops, 
shoe-shops,  broom  manufactories,  restaurants,  and  two 
hotels.  T.he  milkman  and  the  baker  go  tlieir  daily 
rounds,  giving  the  citizens  of  Gap  the  comforts  of 
an  urban  population  with  the  privacy  of  a  country 
village.  Gap  National  Bank  was  chartered  in  the 
winter  of  1883,  with  a  capital  of  3550,000,  and  com- 
menced business  on  the  2d  of  March  following.  It  is 
in  a  prosperous  condition.     J.  C.  Walker,  president; 

B.  Maurice  Herr,  cashier. 

Bethania  is  situated  on  the  W&t  Chester  and 
Strasburg  road,  near  the  western  border  of  the  town- 
,ship.  The  place  was  at  first  named  Puddingtown, 
because  of  a  supposed  partiality  for  puddings  on  the 
part  of  its  citizens.  It  was  rechristened  Jackson- 
ville, in  honor  of  Gen.  Jackson,  but  outside  jiarties 
never  took  kindly  to  the  name.  When  Reuben 
Cliambers  first  published  the  Palladium,  he  called  the 
village  Bethania,  the  name  by  which  it  is  now  gen- 
erally known.  Samuel  Hoar  erected  several  houses 
here  about  the  year  182.'i.  A  smith-shop  and  wheel- 
wright-shop had  been  there  previous  to  that  time. 
About  the  year  1831,  Reuben  Chambers  established 
a  printing-office  and  book-bindery,  and  also  a  pottery. 
At  one  time  a  public-lmuse  was  kept  in  the  place,  but 
it  has  long  been  discontinued.  For  nniny  years  carpet- 
weaving  was  carried  on  by  Anthony  Wilkinson.  His 
rag-carpets  were  justly  celebrated  for  the  superiority 
of  their  finish  and  the  good  taste  displayed  by  the 
manufacturer  in  his  patterns.  Mr.  \\'ilkinson  closed 
out  his  business  in  the  spring  of  18S2,  on  account  of 
his  old  age,  and  moved  to  (.'hristiana,  where  he  now 


.Buyerstown 


le   New, 


SALISBUllY    TOWNSHIP. 


road,  three  miles  northwest  of  Gap.  A  store  was 
kept  here  in  181(i  by  John  and  James  Ruyers.  It  has 
passed  ihrounjh  several  hands,  and  is  in  a  prosperous 
condition  at  the  present  time.  James  McCachren 
conducted  a  wheelwright-shop  here  for  nearly  half  a 
century.  His  wagons  were  noted  for  their  superior 
finish  and  lightness  of  draught.  He  died  iii  1.S7S. 
The  sliop  was  converted  into  a  cigar-factory  liy  J.  M. 
Hershey,  merchant,  of  the  i)lace.  Blacksniithing  was 
carried  on  for  many  years  by  .Tames  Hoar,  and  after- 
wards by  his  son  William.  There  is  a  public  school 
and  a  post-office  in  the  )dace. 

Rising  Sun  is  a  small  village  at  the  intersection  of 
the  Lancaster  and  Philadelphia  turnjjike  and  the 
Newport  road.  It  is  the  northern  terminus  of  the 
Newport  turn|)ike.  The  buildings  were  erected  by 
the  late  Col.  JIaxwell  Kennedy,  and  an  inn  with  the 
sign  of  the  rising  sun  was  established  there  when  the 
Lancaster  and  Philadelphia  turnpike  was  the  great 
thoroughfare  of  trade.  It  was  much  frequented  by 
teamsters.  At  that  time  there  was  a  smith-shop  in 
the  place,  and  at  a  later  date  a  store.  No  business  is 
done  in  the  place  at  jiresent.  The  property  is  owned 
by  W.  S.  and  .Sylvester  Kennedy. 

South  Hermitage  is  a  hamlet  in  the  northern  part 
of  the  towii^liip.  It  contains  a  store,  owned  by  W. 
11.  Bunn,  and  a  post-office;  also  the  Peipiea  Church 
parsonage,  and  the  residence  of  Daniel  Lee,  Esq.,  for 
many  years  justice  of  the  peace.  Not  fiir  from  here 
are  the  coach-works  of  B.  JM.  Roseboro. 

Mount  Airy  is  situated  on  the  southern  slope  of 
the  Welsh  Mountain.  Most  of  the  inhabitants  own 
the  property  they  live  on,  and  deserve  credit  for  their 
energy  and  perseverance  in  subduing  the  stony  soil. 
Truck-raising  for  the  Lancaster  market  is  carried  on 
to  some  e.xtent.  There  are  two  public  schools  and 
an  Evangelical  Church  in  the  place. 

Springville  is  situated  one  mile  north  of  Old  Road, 
and  has  a  public  school,  blacksmith-  and  wheel- 
wright-shops, and  the  store  of  Worst  &  Shertz,  who 
do  an  extensive  business.  .Salisbury  post-otiice  is 
located  here. 

Spring-  Garden  Hotel  was  erected  by  Henry 
Worst,  Sr.,  in  1  s,V2.  Since  that  time  Dr.  H.  M.  Diller 
atiil  Peter  Wor.-t  have  built  snug  cottages,  and  quite 
a  nunilier  of  houses  have  recently  been  erected. 
John  U.  Wilson's  store  is  near  this  place. 

The  White  Horse  Hotel  was  built  prior  to  the 


•d  and   kept  at  that 


.■  held  here,  and  nn, 
n.,arled  at  the  Whi 
llord  is  John  JIasoii 
if  consiJerable  busi 
iml    grist-mill,    wa- 


taurant,  the  large  store  of  Weiler  &  Robinson,  liar- 

ness  manufactory,  and  tin-sbo|).     Dr.  Aaron  Martin's 

residence  and  otlice  and  I'equea  iiost-ollice  are  here. 

Limei^ille  take'-  its  naioefrom  the  leading  business 

of  the   plaec.      l.iiiie-lmrning    has   been    extensively 
j  carried    on    lor   many  years  by  Jacob   iiarr   &  Sons. 

I  are  at  this  place. 

Roseneath,  now  owned  by  William  G.  Livingston, 
was  once  an  active  business  place.     "  Archy"  Owens 
I  had  a.  distillery  liere  early  in   the  present  century. 
1  The  property  was   then  jiurchased  by  Enoch   Pass- 
'  more,  and  a  chopping-mill  erected   and  a  distillery 
j  and  brewery  established,  and  several  dwelling-houses 
were  built  for  the  accommodation  of  the  workmen. 
Subsequently  the  properly  came  into  the  possession 
oi  C.  &  H.  Umble,  who,  about  the  year  1850,  supple- 
mented the  water-power  by  a  steam-engine.     Corn- 
meal  was  ground  and  packed  for  exportation,  and 
the  distillery  business  revived.     They  also  erected  a 
store  building,  and  for  several  years  did  a  large  busi- 
ness in  the  sale  of  general  merchandise.    The  present 
owner  of  the  pro|ierty  is  an  extensive  dealer  in  live- 
stock. 
!       Salisbury  Village  was  the  [irincipal  business  place 
'  in  the  township  in  the  early  part  of  the  present  cen- 
j  tury.     A    large   hotel,  now  the  property  of  Clinton 
I  Hines,  was  erected  by  Amo.sSlaymaker,  soon  after  the 
,  turnpike  was  completed.     The  stage  pa-ssengers  took 
supper  and  breakfast  here,  and  the  accommodations 
were  second  to  none  on  the  road.     A  store  was  also 
kept  at  the  (dace,  and  Salisbury  pnst-oflice  was  the 
only  one  for  miles.     But  the  glory  of  the  place  lias 
long  since  departed,  and  the  business  houses  are  all 
used  as  private  residences. 

Cambridge  is  partly  in  Lancaster  and  partly  in 
Chester  County.  It  was  laid  out  in  1811  by  Abraham 
Dierdorf.  It  is  part  of  a  tract  of  two  hundred  acres 
of  land  which  Thomas  and  Margaret  Pierce  conveyed 
to  Dierdorf  in  1SU2.  Although  it  has  been  laid  out 
for  nearly  three-fourths  of  a  century,  but  few  of  the 
lots  are  occupied  by  buildings,  and  the  hopes  of  the 
founder  have  never  been  realized.  There  are  two 
stores,  smith-  and  wagon-shops,  carpenter,  butcher, 
shoemaker,  tailor,  and  |)ainter  in  the  place. 

Schools.— 01  the  earlier  common  schools  there  are 
no  reeiird^  ti.  he  found.  In  the  early  part  of  the 
present  century  an  old  log  school-house  stood  in 
Hrinton's  llnllnu,  on  hui<l  now  owned  by  Joshua 
ilrinton.  It  wa>  Inr  a  tiLUe  taught  by  an  Irishman 
named  Ilanibleton  Lorker.  He  had  a  patch  of  to- 
bacco near  the  srb.M.l,  which  he  seduhjusly  hoed 
during  rere-,sr,,  and  nianufactureil  his  <,wn  cb.wing 
tobaceo.      rie   married   a   -nl    in   the  vieinily,  and  all 

ei-ht  children  arrived  Iroiii  the  "  (  Hd  ( 'ounlry." 

Salisbury  uas  om-  <il  lb.'  first  dislrirt-,  t.)  adopt  the 
public  school   sy.-,leio,  and   llie  .school-,  at  prcM'iit  are 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTKK    COUNTY. 


Prior  to  or  about  the  time  of  I 


jlution  a  rlas- 
i\eologic;il  sciiool  was  condiictfii  l.y  K.'V. 
til,  D.D.,  near  I'eiiuea  Clmrcli.  Tlic  |hu|,. 
ovvnea  by  Jacob  Wanner,  and  tli..  purl  of 
i-c.l  lorasduM,!  i.  rrnmvea.      .Ma.iv  .mhI- 


SS2,  by 
found- 


Item 


of  Dr.  Sniith— Sanou-I  .-^tanhope,  ,Iohn  ]!lair,  am 
William— w.-re  his  pupils,  and  aUo  Dr.  Martin,  Jcln 
McMillan,  D  D.,  and  Duid  (Jaldwidl,  D.D. 

In  the  ifpnn-  of  KS.ii)  a  -.chnul  ,vas  c.nnmenced  a 
Salisbury  village  by  Jliss  Lydia  Haines,  and  snccoss 
fully  continued  one  year. 

From  1S40  to  1843,  Rev.  P.  J.  Timlow  conducted  ; 
school  in  the  basement  of  Bellevue  Church.  It  num 
bered  from  thirtyhve  to  forty  pupils,  many  of  whon 
are  now  eminent  in  the  various  walks  of  life.  Thonia 
.M.  Crawford,  D.D.,  George  Whitfield,  D.  O.  Timlow 
J.  Hayes  Linvill,  John  Brinton,  Peter  Reist,  Rev.  W 
C.  Best,  Judge  John  B.  Livingston,  and  the  late  Rev 
William  Noble  were  some  of  his  pnpiU. 

St.  John's   Episcopal    Church.— Tlie   following 

from  the  Lanraster  Er.nniiirr  „f  Jan.  13, 
Samuel  Evans,  Eiq.,  is  a  brief  history  of  tl 
ing  of  the  church  : 

"A  few  days  ago  I  came  across  a  curiou 
connection  with  St.  John's  Episcopal  Church  at 
Compassviile,  at  the  line  between  this  county  and 
Chester  County.  There  have  always  been  a  niuiiber 
of  members  belonging  to  this  church  who  re^ide  in 
Salisbury  townsliip,  and  previous  to  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  Bangor  Episco|)al  Church  at  Cluirch- 
town,  between  the  years  1744-4S,  a  nujuber  of 
Welsh  Episcopalians  from  that  valley  attended  St. 
.lohn's  Church  until  the  organization  of  the  former. 
Tills  church  is  located  a  few  yards  east  of  the  Lancas- 
ter County  line,  and  in  \Vest  Cain  township.  It  is 
beautit'ully  situated,  and  at  present  a  very  attractive 
spot,  but  in  its  earlier  days  it  must  have  been  a  wild- 
looking  place  and  not  easy  of  access.  To  the  east 
and  north  .side  the  Welsh  .VInunlains  tower  up  several 
hundred  feet,  which  must  have  rendered  travel  in  that 
direction  hard  indeed.  I  presume  this  church  was 
erected  near  the  heart  of  the  Ejiiscopal  community. 
It  was  built  in  1729,  the  structure  being  a  log  one. 
It  was  rebuilt  and  enlarged  in  1753,  and  again  rebuilt 
and  enlarged  in  1838.  The  present  building  is  stone, 
forty  by  fifty-five  feet.  As  this  building  is  in  Chester 
County,  I  am  not  able  to  state  when  or  from  whom 
they  purchased  the  land.  But  the  parsonage  being 
in  this  county  its  history  can  be  traced. 

"In  1718,  William  Clark  was  the  ..wner  of  three 
hundred  and  fifty  acres  of  land  i<n  branch  of  Peqnea 
Creek,  near  Waterloo.  After  his  death  fifty  acres  of 
this  land  <amr  to  be,  owned  by  his  son-in-law,  Jona- 
than .Icncs,  »1,„  sold  it  to  Moses  Jlinshall,  and  he  to 
Jidin  (A. wen  and  William  Darlington,  trustees  of  St, 
John's  cungrcgation,  for  the  Use  and  behoof  of  a  cler- 
gyman '  1  ightly  orilaincd  -and  regularly  licensed  and 


otll. 


the  wileof  iheol.l  Indian  trader,  I'cter  Bizaill.,n,  who 
resided  in  East  ( 'ain,  ('luster  Co.      Both  are  buried  in 

deed  were  Thomas  Halliday,  Richard  Lee,  Gabriel 
Davies,  Henry  llctlicr.ston,  and  Jacob.Morgan. 

The  lot  of  land,  cuntaining  one  acre  and  one  perch, 
on  which  the  church  stands  was  deeded  in  trust  by 
John  Miller  and  wife  to  Rev.  George  Cr.iig,  Thomas 
Holliday,  Esq.,  John  Cowen,  William  Darlington, 
Thomas  Dawson,  John  Douglass,  Es(|.,  Isaac  Rich- 
ards,,n,  and  Thomas  Douglass. 

In  tlie  old  record-book,  now  in  possession  of  John 
W,  Wagner,  vestryman  of  the  church,  is  the  folhjw- 
ing  i)uaint  entry  : 

"  We,  adventurers  from  those  parts  of  His  Ma- 
jesty's dominions  called  England,  Ireland,  anil  Scot- 
land, trans])lanting  ourselves  and  families  into  Amer- 
ica, and  taking  up  our  first  settletuent  in  the  town- 
ship of  Pequay,  Lancaster  Co.,  and  in  the  township 
of  Sali.sbnry,  Chester  Co.,  both  in  the  province  of 
Pennsylvania,  we,  from  a  due  sense  of  duty  to  God, 
and  findini;  no  part  of  ihe  universe  asrreeable  to  us 


universe  after  the  manin 
Churclrof  England,  and 
immortal  souls,  as  well  a 
therefore,  according   to  i 


lo  the  great  Creator  of  the 
and  form  of  the  Episcopal 
nit  for  the  good  of  our  own 
those  of  our  posterity  ;  we, 
r  small  abilities,  did  erect 
in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1729  a  wooden  frame  church, 
of  about  twenty-two  feet  long  and  tweilty  feet  broad, 
upon  a  plot  of  ground  containing  about  one  acre." 

.Rev.  Richard  Blackhouse,'  living  at  Old  Chester, 
was  the  curate,  and  cenducted  services  at  St.  John's 
on  the  first  Tuesday  of  each  month  for  ten  years,  at 
the  expiration  of  which  time,  1730,  Rev.  John  Black- 
hall  became  the  rector  of  the  parish,  and  continued 
in  that  position  for  three  years,  when  he  moved  to 
Lancaster,  and  the  Rev.  Jlr.  Blackhouse  resumed  the 
charge,  and  continued  until  his  death  in  1750.  Fcr 
a  year  the  parish  was  without  a  rector,  hut  lay  ser- 
vices were  held.  In  1751,  Rev.  George  Craig  came 
frimi  England  i|s  a  missionary,  and  he  was  able  to 
olHciate  at  St.  John's  eight  Sundays  a  year.  Not- 
withstanding the  irregular  supply  of  clergymen  the 
parish  continued  to  grow,  and  in  1753,  twenty-four 
years  after  it  was  organized,  a  new  and  larger  clinrch 
was  commenced  of  stone,  twenty-two  by  hn-ty-eight 
feet  in  size,  iliore  than  ilouble  the  size  of  the  first  (ine. 
The  parish  was  ten  years  in  building  this  church,  lu 
17(i;),  Rev.  Mr,  Craig  was  succeeded  bv  Rev.  Thomas 


SALISBURY    TOWNSIIll 


1(M9 


of  Cnernnrvon  and  Liuicaster,  until  177(j.  At  tliat 
time,  his  )iealtli  tailing,  lie  ^tal■tLMl  homo  Ki  Enuhmd, 
■  but  diefi  on  tlie  |)assage.  Fidni  177<1  until  17^;{,  (he 
Hevolulionary  period,  the  inilpii  wa,  varant.  In 
1784,  Rev.  J.  Frederick  Illin-,  „f  ilie  [.ulheian 
(^"liurch,  was  made  pastor  of  St.  Jolm'-,  hut  in  llfiS 
the  Rev.  Elisha  Rig^.s  was  installed  a>  rector,  and 
continued  until  1793,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Rev. 
Levi  Heath.  In  1799,  Rev.  Joseph  Clarkson  took 
charge  (d^the  parish,  and  remained  uiitil  his  death, 
thirty-one  years  afterward;  In  1822  he  (jbtained  an 
assistant.  Rev.  William  Augustus  Muhlenberg,  who, 
after  two  years'  service,  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  Sam- 
uel Bowin"an,  who  remained  until  1827.  Rev.  John 
Baker  Clem.son  then  became  a-sistant  rector,  and  con- 
tinued so  until  1831.  In  that  year  Rev.  Richard 
Umstead  Morgan  succeeded  Rev.  Joseph  Clarkson  as 
rector,  and  had  charge  of  the  ))ari3h  three  years. 

In  183",,  Rev.  Edward  Young  Buchanan  began  his 
rectorslii|i,  which  lasted  until  1845,  when  there  w.vs 
a  vacancy  lor  a  year.  In  184G,  Rev.  Henry  TuUidge 
assumed  charge  of  the  parisli,  and  remained  eight 
years.  In  1854,  Rev.  E.  P.  Wright  became  rector, 
and  after  two  years  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  William 
G.  Hawkins,  who  after  two  years  was  followed  by 
Rev.  George  G.  He|)burn,  wdio  resigned  in  1860. 
Rev.  Henry  R.  Smith  then  became  rector,  and  re- 
mained ten  years.  He  also  held  services  at  Inter- 
course, Parkesburg,  Churehtown,  and  Morgantown. 
During  his  rectorship  St.  John's  Church  was  re- 
modeled and  renovated.  In  1872  lie  resigned  his 
charge,  and  in  1875  was  drowned  ivhile  bathing  at 
Beach  Haven,  N.  J.  For  two  years  after  his  resigna- 
tion St.  John's  had  no  regular  clergyman,  when,  in 
1874,  Rev.  Thomas  Mee  became  rector,  but  left  the 
next  year.  Rev.  Henry  Tullidge,  who  had  been 
rector  from  1840  to  1854,  was  recalled,  and  still  re- 
mains in  charge. 

The  present  church  building  is  of  stone,  forty  by 
fifty-five  feet,  and  was  erected  in  1838.  It  is  an  im- 
posing-looking structure  from  the  outside,  and  the 
interior  is  very  beautiful.  During  the  Revolutionary 
war  a  troop  of  English  cavalry  occU|)ied  the  old  church 
building  as  a  barracks.  In  the  graveyard  adjoining 
the  church  several  hundred  persons  have  been  buried  ; 
and,  although  the  inclosure  is  (juite  a  large  one,  it 
is  almost  an  impossibility  at  this  date  to  open  a  new 
grave  without  e.-chuming  parts  of  human  renuiins. 
There  are  many  ([uaint  and  curious  headstones,  with 
skulls  and  cross-bones  and  angels'  heads  and  old- 
time  e|iitaphs  engraved  upon  them. 

Pequea  Church.'— Of  the  early  history  of  Pequea 
Church  but  lillle  is  known.  From  what  can  be 
gleaned  from  tradition  and  the  lew  records  extant  it 
aiipcars  that  the  Krv.  .Vdarn  Boyd,  who  emigrated 
from    Ireland  about  the  year  1722  or  1723,  was  the 


first  minister.  The  church  was  probably  organized 
in  1724.  !\Ir.  Boyd  was  succeeded  in  the  fall  of  1733 
by  his  father-indaw.  Rev.  Thomas  Craighead.  It  is 
Ihought'lhe  fir>t  mecting-h<mse  was  built  about  this 
lime.  It  was  a  log  structure,  and  stood  in  the  pre-tent 
burying-groun.l.  Jlr.  Craighead  died  in  ,hine,  1739, 
and  was  buried  where  the  church  now  stands. 

April  11,  173S,  Rev.  David  Alexander  accepted  a 
call,  having  been  [)romised  his  "  lodgings  (or  a  year." 
He  mirustered  here  until  his  death,  in  1749  or  1750. 
It  was  during  his  ministry  that  the  celebrated  White- 
field  labored  here,  preaidiing  either  from  or  under 
some  of  the  trees  which  still  stand  in  front  of  the 
church. 

The  influence  of  the  revival  element  at  that  time 
produced  a  schism  or  di^ision  in  the  ranks  of  Pres- 
byteriauism.  It  lasted  for  seventeen  years,  from  174l> 
until  175S. 

Oct.  9,  1750,  l'ei|uea  and  Leacock  united  in  a  call 
for  Rev.  Robert  Smith,  who  was  ordained  and  in- 
stalle.l  over  these  churches  March  25,  1751.  Robert 
Smith  was  born  in  Londonderry,  Ireland,  1723,  and 
came  with  his  parents  in  boyhood  to  America  and 
settled  at  the  head  of  the  Brandywine.  At  the  age 
of  fifteen  he  was  converted  under  the  preaching  <d~ 
Whitefleld  on  his  first  visit  to  America.  He  studied 
with  Rev.  Samuel  Blair  at  Fagg's  Manor.  His  min- 
istry terminated  only  with  his  life,  in  1793. 

He  received  the  degree  of  D.D.  from  Princeton 
College  in  1760.  It  was  during  Dr.  Smith's  ministry 
here  that  the  church  at  Cedar  Grove  was  org.inized, 
about  1785. 

Feb.  8,  1785,  Pequea  Church  obtained  a  charter. 
The  trustees  a|>pointed  were  Isaac  JIcAlmont,  Amos 
Slaymaker,  James  Armor,  Thomas  Slemons,  Andrew 
Caldwell,  Robert  Buyers,  David  Jenkins,  Thomas 
Patton,  and  the  Rev.  Robert  Smith,  D.D.,  under  the 
title  of  "  The  trustees  of  the  Presbyterian  Congrega- 
tion of  Pequea,  in  Salisbury  township  and  county  of 
Lancaster.''  .\t  a  meeting  of  the  board,  held  June 
30,  1785,  Dr.  Smith  informed  them  that  he  had  re- 
ceived last  January,  according  to  order,  from  James 
Gait,  son  of  Thomas  Gait,  twelve  pounds  ten  shillings^ 
being  a  legacy  bequeathed  by  said  Thomas  Gait,  in 
his  last  will  and  testament,  for  the  support  of  the 
gospel  ministry  in  this  congregation. 

April  6,  1784,  a  congregational  meeting  was  held, 
when  Dr.  Robert  Smith  and  the  Hon.  John  Wliitehill 
reported  that,  according  to  order,  they  had  received  of 
Jasper  Yeates,  attorney-at-law,  one  hundred  pouiids, 
being  a  legacy  bequeathed  to  the  Pequea  congrega- 
tion by  Robert  McCally,  in  his  last  will  and  testa- 
ment. All  this  is  included  in  the  meeting  of  the 
board  of  trUstees,  umler  date  of  June  30,  1785.  "  Or- 
dered that  the  sums  bequeathed  to  the  congregation 
be  received  by  the  corporation  and  applied  to  the 
use  of  the  congregation.  It  was  unanimously  agreed 
by  the  mendiers  present  to  appropriate  the  annual  in- 


tcreot 


the 


;)r  til 


)porc 


1050 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


0  let  liiiii   have 
iL'i-ofthe  place 


or   III; 


pastor,  tlu'  Rev.   Robert  Sniilli.  :\ 
the  use  of  the  priiiei|i:il  upon  a  iii 

iipdii  Mill]  phiee," 

At  a  trustee:^'  meetiii-,  lu^M  May  (i,  17!t;f, 
moved,  seciiMiled,  and  uiiai.iiin,u,|y  a.iiive  t,i, 
thefir.-stday  of  Oetoher  next,  the  lriiMee>  d. 
iMrs.  Sarah  Smith,  widmv  and  relirt  of  Dr.Sm 
pastor  of  this  ehureli,  tlie  suni  ni'  liftv  pmii 
donation  from  tlie  congreiiation,  in  te^linmny 
respect  and  esteem  justly  due  lo  siniiular  iiKril." 

For  two  years  after  the  death  of  Dr.  Smith,  the 
cliurch  was  without  a  |)astor. 

His  successor  was  the  Rev.  William  .'Vrthur,  born 
in  April,  17()9,  in  the  south  of  Scotland,  in  the  town 
of  Peebles.  Receiving  Ids  education  at  Edinlnir};h,  he 
was  ordained  to  the  gospel  ministry  at  I'aisley.  Jan. 
5,  17'JG,  he  was  installed  pa>lor  of  l'c>(piea  Uhnrch  ; 
May  1,  1818,  his  pa>toral  relation  willi  ihat  congre-.i- 
tion  was  dissolved.  He  died  near  Z;uie>ville,  Ohio, 
in  February,  18j!7. 

The  first  records  of  the  church  bear  date  June  10, 
1806.  The  nund,er  of  members  in  communion  April, 
1819,  was  seventy -four. 

Mr.  Arthur  was  succeeded  by  Mr.  Amazi  Babbit, 
who  was  ordained  and  installed  April  5,  18lil. 

The  successor  of  Mr.  Babbit  was  Rev.  John  Wal- 
lace, who  was  born  about  four  miles  fiom  Parkesburg, 
Chester  Co.  He  assumed  the  pastorale  of  Pequea 
Church  Nov.  5,  1833.  He  resigned  Sunday,  July  8, 
18G6,  and  preached  his  farewell  sermon  October  3d. 
following.  The  last  serm..n  Mr.  Wallace  preached 
was  at.  Conipassville  Hall.  He  die.l  Oct.  ■!;),  18t;(i, 
aged  seventy-five  years. 

The  successor  of  Mr.  Wallace,  the  Rev.  Thomas  S. 
Long,  was  born  near  Sad=bury  ville,  Chester  Co.  He 
was  installed  May  7,  18G7,  and  was  succeeded  by  Rev. 
Robert  Ennis,  o(  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  in  September, 
1871,  who,  after  four  years,  was  succeeded  by  Mr.  W. 
C.  Alexander. 

Methodist  Church. — The  Methodists  had  no  place 
of  public  worship  in  Sali^bury  prior  to  the  year  1847, 
wlien  the  Mount  Airy  Evangelical  Church  was  oigan- 
ized.  Jacob  Swartzwelder,  an  early  and  zealous  mem- 
ber of  the  society,  was  largely  instrumental  in  found- 
ing Asburv  Church  in  Sa  sbury  town>hip,  and  many 


Limeville  United  Brethren  Church  was  dedicated 
Israel 
/.  0. 


Rii 


Mill 


rethren  Church  was  de'di 


M: 


of  the  nn 
congregal 


illuci 


111    that 


to  walk  tochunh. 

Millwood  United  Brethren  Church.— The  Unite 

Brethren  MisMon  held  meetings  at  Millwood  school 
house  during  the  years  1877-7'J.  In  the  fall  of  tli 
latt(^r  year  tliey  elected  a  board  of  trustees  consistin 
of  seven  members,  vi/..,  /..  C.  Mower,  A.  Benedii 
John  Berkeheiser,  David  Doutrich,  Daniel  Warfe 
Jeremiah  Futer,  and  William  Hamilton.     Under  tlici 

cated  Nov.  liU,  187!). 


D.mtrich,  C.   K.   Kurtz, 
.M.)wcr,  ihinisler. 
Mount  Ziqn  United 

catrd  ISSI.  '  Trustees,  I) 
I'.rrkcliris.-r,  Samu.d  V.rvl, 
Wliitehill  Keel,  and  /,.  ( '.  .Mouer,  minister. 

Mount  Airy  Evangelical  Church  was  erected  in 

1S4S  or  184;).  Nicholas  Harting  donated  the  ground 
lor  the  building  and  graveyard.  Nichcdas  Harting, 
Elias  Diem,  Jonathan  Kurtz,  and  William  Dewees 
were  the  founders  of  the  church.  The  roof  was  blown 
ort'  in  1878,  and  the  building  was  repaired  and  re- 
.l.alicated. 
Pequea  Church  of  the  Evangelical  Association 

Charter  members,  Albert  V.  Hurst,  Thomas  F.  Spence, 
Reuben  Martin,  George  S.  KauH'roth,  Peter  Reeser, 
Josiah  March,  Samuel  Rife,  Daniel  Warfel,  Jolin 
Voder,  David  M.  On.ff,  Jonathan  Kurtz,  and  Benja- 
min Keenen.        , 

Mennonite  Church.— It  is  only  within  the  last  half- 
century  that  the  Mennonites  have  become  numerous 
in  Salisbury.  Peter  Eby,  afterwards  Bishop  Eby, 
moved  into  the  township  in  1701,  and  the  Hersheys 
soon  afterwards.  For  a  time  they  held  meetings  in 
private  houses.  A  church  buiUling  was  erected  near 
Hess'  mill  in  1837,  and  rebuilt  anil  enlarged  in  1877. 
The  meeting-house  at  Old  Road,  east  of  White  Horse, 
was  built  in  1841.  The  society  has  now  large  con- 
gregatioM.s  at  these  places. 

Amish  Church.— The  Amish  were  few  in  number 
here  at  the  beginning  of  the  present  century,     'file 
I  tax-list   of   1770    contains    the    names    of    three    or 
four  persons  who  were  probably  of  that  sect.     The 
1  church  has  now  a  large  number  of  adherents  in  this 
'  township.      Their   meetings    were    formerly   held   in 
private  houses,  but  tliere  has  recently  been  a  schism 
in  the  church,  and  a  portion  of  the  members  have 
erected  a  neat  and  commodious  house  for  their  meet- 
ings.     The  other  portion   continue   to   meet  in   the 
private  houses  of  the  members.     Those  who  took  an 
.  active  part  in  building  the  new  church  were  Samuel 
'  L.  KauHmau,  C.  L.  Kaufiman,  Jac.  Umble,  Gideon 
Stollzfus,  and  Sanniel  Lantz.     The  last  two  are  min- 

Pequea  Baptist  Church.— This  church  was  founded 
in  1844  by  Rev.  John  Jenkins.  The  Baptists  have 
but  one  place  of  public  worship  in  the  township.  The 
congregation  at  present  numbers  about  one  hundred. 

Philos  Lodge,  No.  152,  K.  P.,  at  White  Horse,  was 
chartered  May  2.j,  ISlii).  Cliarlrr  inenibeis:  I.  Dillcr 
Wor-t,  Isaa'c  H.  MaM.n,  ,lu,liua  Koo,,,  I'liilip  1). 
Handwork,  William  Ba.xter,  Samuel  ^^.  Ki-scl,  t.iroige 
F.  Shnltz,  D.  Roseboro,  John  11.  Di.'ni,  Nnac  Diller, 
John  iMason,  George  Duehman. 

Salisbury  Township  Mutual  Insurance  Com- 
pany   wa^   chartered    in    January,  1S77,   and    has    its 


AIJSBURY    TOWNSHIP. 


office  iit  Wljite  Horse.  The  first  policies  were  issued 
on  the  (Uh  of  i:[:uch  rolhnvill^^'  The  rollouiiit;  uie 
tlie  eliarter  meiiibers  :  David  V.  Stiiltzlu.,  Joim  C. 
Linvill,  William  Meutzer,  .Joseph  Hainillon,  Cliiis- 
tian  Wanner,  .T,din  K.  Miller,  Henry  Souders,  .I.ieob 
Umble,  William  Marlin,  .lohn  Mason,  li.  S.  Weiler, 
George  G.  Worst.  I'resenl  hoard  nf  directors:  Jolin 
K.  ^Iiller,  .Jacob  Unible,  A.  .1.  Montgomery,  I!.  F. 
Weaver,  Peter  Sonders,  Gcorfie  G.  \V(irst,  William 
Martin.'^I.  1'.  Cooper  (president),  and  John  G.  J.invill 
(secretary). 

Mills  and  Manufactories.— The  exact  dates  of  the 
buildintr  of  the  fir.-t  mills  have  not  been  obtained. 
Daniel  Cookson  undoubtedly  built  the  first  mill  on 
the  Pequea.  It  was  a  log  structure,  and  was  on  the 
site  of  the  fine  mill  built  in  1832  by  Thomas  G.  Hen- 
derson near  White  Horse.  Gall's  niill  was  buiit  at 
an  early  time  by  one  of  the  Gait  family.  A  mill  was 
erected  near  the  Leacock  line  by  John  Houston  in 
the  year  1752  or  IToS.  The  present  building  was 
erected  by  Christian  Hess  about  1800.  Frantz's  mill 
was  built  by  John  Anderson,  probably  between  1791 
and  1800.  Wilson's  mill  was  erected  by  John  Wil- 
son about  1825,  on  the  site  of  an  old  distillery.  Ship- 
Iien's  fulling-mill  was  built  prior  to  1820  by  Samuel 
Marlin.  The  water-power  was  afterwards  used  for 
grinding  corn.  The  building  was  burnt  some  years 
ago,  and  has  not  been  rebuilt.  Joshua  Haines'  clover- 
mill  once  did  a  large  business  liulling  clover-seed.  It 
is  now  used  as  a  saw-mill.  It  has  lately  been  re- 
newed by  M.  P.  Cooper,  and  is  the  best  saw-mill  in 
the  eastern  pari  of  the  county.  Eby's  mill,  at  Mill- 
wood, was  built  by  David  Henderson,  date  not  known. 
It  was  rebuilt  by  F.  Diller  Baker  in  the  year  1844. 
Seldoniridge's  mill  was  erected  by  Leonard  Ellmaker, 
and  rebuilt  by  John  Newhauser  about  thirty  years  ago 
(1853).  Buckley's  forge  was  built  by  Daniel  Buckley, 
probably  before  the  year  1800.  The  iron  business  was 
continued  for  many  years  by  his  son,  George  W.  Buck- 
ley. The  property  is  now  owned  by  David  F.  Stoltz- 
fus,  and  the  water-power  is  no  longer  used. 

Early  Settlers  and  Prominent  Families  and 
Persons.— Samuel  .r.  Allee  was  born  in  1731),  of  Eng- 
lish parent.-.  At  the  age  of  sixteen,  by  reason  of  his 
aiiibiiiun  and  d.iring,  he  became  the  commander  of  a 

pre-ent  at  the  ilelrat  of  (h^u.  Braddock.    He  reuuiijied 

lirisi.nei-,  once  by  the  French  and  once  by  the  In- 
dians. On  leaving  the  service  he  engaged  in  the 
study,  and  afterwards  in  the  practice,  of  law,  and  at 
the  breaking  out  of  the  Revolution  he  became  a  drill- 
master  among  his  fellow-citizens  in  Lancaster  County. 
ICarly  in  177i>  he  raised,  in  the  Pequea  and  Chester 
X'alleysilie  lirsi  r(-imcnt  of  Ktate  infantry,. d  wliirh 
lie  was  n,ade  the  colonel.  At  the  battle  of  l.oii- 
Maud  he  made  a  very  hononilde  record,  and  was 
taken  prisoner.  He  sulfered  a  severe  imprisuiinienl 
of  eighteen    months,  and    after    his    release,   in    177S, 


was  made  a  member  of  the  Continental  Congress,  in 
which  lie  served  till  17S-J.  In  17.SII  he  was  appointed 
lieutenant  of  Lancast.T  Comity,  and  in  17K:J  he  was 
elected"  councilor  of  the  same  county.  In  1784  he 
was  one  of  the  coiiimi-sioneis  to  nitify  the  Iijdian 
treaties  of"Forts  Stanwix  and  Melniosh.  He  was 
elected  to  the  General  A-MMiiMy  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1782,  1785,  and  1780.  He  died  suddenly  in  Novem- 
ber, 178G.  His  wife,  to  whom  heuas  married  in 
17G2,  was  Miss  Sarah  Richardson. 

Robert  Armor  emigrated  from  Ireland,  when  a 
boy,  with  his  grandfather,  Robert  Gault.  Jan.  8, 
1734,  he  took  uj)  a  tract  of  two  hundred  acres  of  land 
near  the  head  of  Pequea  Creek,  between  James  Gault 
and  William  Wilson.  His  children  were  John,  Mary, 
Samuel,  Martha  (who  married  Robert  Jenkins),  James 
(who  served  with  distinction  as  lieutenant  in  the 
Revolution),  and  Jane  (who  married  Robert  Buyers, 
grandfither  of  James  A.  and  the  late  J. dm  M. 
Buyers). 

Robert  Baldwin  came  from  Chester  Coiyity  in  the 
year  1827,  and  taught  school  until  1830,  when  he 
turned  his  attention  to  mercantile  business.  In  1843 
he  erected  a  large  brick  store  and  dwelling,  w  here  he 
has  continued  in  business  to  the  present  time.  He 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  Legislature  in  the  years 
1849  and  1850.  He  was  also  elected  to  the  State  Sen- 
ate in  1857.  Mr.  Baldwin  is  a  public-spirited  citizen, 
and  has  long  been  identified  with  the  moral,  intellec- 
tual, and  social  advancement  of  the  community  in 
which  he  resides. 

Moses  Brinton  moved  to  Salisbury  from  Leacock  in 
1789,  and  purchased  a  part  of  the  James  Whilehill 
tract.  His  firsl  wife  was  a  'Whitson,  and  their  chil- 
dren were  Caleb,  wdio  irtarried  first  Ann  Fox,  and 
second  Ann  Richards;  Elinor;  Elizabeth,  married 
Mary  ;  and  Jacob,  married 
nd  wife  was  Hannah  Chain- 
children, — Samuel,  married 
a,   married  jMav   Passmore ; 


Robert  Eby  ;   Hannah 

Ann  Bernard.     His  sec 

berlin,  and  they  Jiad 
i  Elizabeth  Lewis;  Josh 
i  and  Joseph. 

Daniel    Buckley  bull 

on  the  manufacture  of 

elected  to  the  Legislat 

1800.     He  married  Sar 

— Clenu-nt,    George     W 

Grubh;    Anna  .Maria,  Sarah,  and  Eli/,a,  marrieil  Joht 

Yeates. 

John    Buyers  married   Lelitia    Patton   in   Irelanil 

and   came  to  this  country  in  1735.     The  warrant  foi 


Buckley's  forge,  and  carried 
nil  for  many  years.  He  was 
re  in  1794,  1798,  1799,  and 
,  Brook,  and  had  children, 
,    ISrook,     Harriet,     married 


Bu 


led 


Barnii 
couipl 
cha-ei 


lull 


1733,  to  John 
oid  because  of  non- 
on  part  of  the  pur- 
s  received  his  patent 
.r  two  hundred  and 
f  till-  gram  has  re- 
ivers'   l.iinilv    to   the 


liny. 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUN'TV. 


the  Pi 


;';lll 


the  first  settlers  on  the  he;nl-\vutei 
The  chiUh-en  of  Robert  and  Jane  Buyers 
R()l)ert  A.,  Pattoii,  James,  ami  Letitia. 

Robert  A.  Kiiyers  married  ICIi/al.eth  M, 
had  .liildreii.-J.diii  M,  Junius  A,  (uh,,  n.arried 
Kli/.a  MaJiMisev),  and  >arah  (wh„  n.arried  Juhii 
Ga.ilt). 

John  Buyers  married  Sarah  McCally,  and  had  eliil- 
dren— Robert  and  Sarali.  Sarali  married  William 
r.  Caldwell. 

Patton  Buyers  married  Miss  Caldwell,  sister  of 
William  P.  Caldwell.  His  eliildren  were  Andrew 
C,  Margaret,  and  Jane.  Andrew  C.  married  Miss 
Kennedy,  daughter  of  Maxwell  Kennedy;  ]\[argaret 
married  William  S.  Kennedy;  Jane  niarried  Rev. 
John  Wallaee,  and  was  his  second  wife. 

James  Buyers  married  Eliza  Free.huid. 

Letitia  married  Thomas  Crawford,  son  of  Col. 
James  Crawford,  of  the  army  of  the  Revolution. 
Their  children  were  Thomas,  who  became  a  promi- 
nent Presbyterian  minister  in  York  County  ;  James, 
who  moved  to  Illinois  and  died;  John,  who  resides 
in  Illinois  ;  Robert,  who  also  lives  in  Illinois;  David, 
late  of  Sterling,  III.,  deceased;  Anna  Maria;  and 
Sarah,  married  Rev.  Calvin  Stewart,  D.D. 

Robert  Buyers  was  captain  of  a  company  of  Salis- 
bury militia  during  the  Revolutionary  war.  Tradi- 
tion says  that,  during  her  husband's  absence,  jNIrs. 
Buyers  sowed  the  wheat  out  of  her  aiimn  and  at- 
tended to  the  general  management  of  the  farjii,  (bus 
showing  a  spirit  and  determination  wortliy  of  a  de- 
scendant of  old  Robert  Gault,  wdio  came  here  to 
found  a  home  in  the  unbroken  wilderness. 

Andrew  Caldwell  emigrated  to  this  country  from 
Scotland  prior  to  1718,  and  purchased  two  liundred 
and  eighty-five  acres  of  land  on  Old  Road,  near  Salis- 
bury and  Leacock  line.  He  married  Ann  Stewart  in 
1718,  and  had  a  son,  Andrew,  who  married  Isabella 
Andrews.  Andrew  Caldwell,  son  of  Andrew  and  Isa- 
bella Andrews,  married  Ann  Buyers,  and  had  sons  : 
William  P.  (married  Sarah  Buyers)  and  Andrew. 
William  P.  Caldwell  left  four  sons,— John,  William, 
Robert,  and  Andrew.  Rev.  David  Caldwell,  D.D., 
was  the  son  of  Andrew  and  Ann  Caldwell. 

James  C;lenison  obtained  a  warrant,  dated  May  18, 
17H),  for  six  hundred  and  thirty-six  acres  of  land  on 
Peqnea.  His  children  were  .lames,  J.d.n,  Thomas, 
Hannah,  who  married  Josqdi  Haines  Mary,  mar- 
ried Henry  Oest;   an,l  Rebecca. 

James  had  a  son,  James,  who  married  Margaret 
Heard  and  left  a  son,  James  Clemson,  who  was  a 
member  of  the  Legislature  in  the  years  1777-79.  He 
was  also  a  justice  of  the  peace.  He  had  sons,  James 
and  John,  aiid  seven  daughters.  His  son,  James 
Clemson  (4th),  served  as  justice  of  the  peace,  and  his 
grandson,  James  Clemson  (.5tli),  served  in  the  same 
capacity.  (The  foregoing  is. from  ^'Harris'  History.") 
Kcnhcii  ChamlxTs  moved  to  licthania  from  Chester 
County  about  the  year  l,s:n,aiul  established  a  weekly 


paper  called  the  Palladium.  He  continued  to  publish 
it  lor  several  years.  He  also  had  a  book-bindery; 
and  wrote  and  published  n  book  on  "Thomsonian 
Practi(«e,"  for  the  u-cof  lamilies.  He  prol'cs>cd  to  be 
a  Thomsonian    phy--ici;ui.       He    also   carrird    oil    the 

He  had  iK-i'idiar  notions  oii  the  currency,  and  main- 
laiucd  that  barter  was  the  true  system  on  wliicli  to 
conduct  mercantile  transactions.  He  once  announced 
that  he  would  deliver  a  lecture  in  a  neighboring 
school-house  on  the  "Oppressive  Money  System," 
admittance  ten  cents.  His  theological  views  were  what 
[  would,  be  at  the  present  time  termed  "  Agnostic."  He 
died  about  1851  or  1852  from  the  ett'ectsof  a  fall  from 
'  an  a|)ple-tree. 

1  Joseph  Dickinson  married  Elizabeth  Miller,  and 
purchased  land  on  l\'i|uea  (Jreek  in  1733;  had  chil- 
dren,— Joseph,  Gains,  and  seven  daughters.    His  land 

I  was  divided  between  his  sons.     Joseph  married 

Cbal/ant,  and  had  a  son  ;  Gains  married  Phebe  Morris. 

Peter  Eby  married  Margaret  Heiss,  and  moved  to 

[  Salisbury  in  1791.   He  was  a  minister  and  afterwards 

j  bishop  in  the  Menuonite  Church.     He  was  a  man  of 

;  more  than  ordinary  ability,  and  was  widely  known 

and  respected.    Names  of  Peter  Eby's  family  :  Peter, 

married    Elizabeth  Weaver;    Susan,  married  David 

I  Hoover  ;  Christian,  married  a  Witmer;  Barbara,  mar- 

I  ried  John  StauH'er  ;  Annie,  married  Abraham  Her- 

1  shey;  John,  married  a  Roop  ;  Henry,  married  a  Sen- 

senich ;    Elizabeth,    married   Jacob    llershey ;    and 

Maria,  married  Daniel  Wanner. 

;       RobertGault,  liisson  James,  his  son-in-law,  William 

Wilson,  and  grandson,  Robert  Armor,  then  in  boy- 

j  hood,  emigrated  from  Ireland  at  an  early  time  in  the 

settlement  of  Pequea  Valley.     It  is  supposed   they 

I  settled  about  the  year  1710. 

James  Gault  married  a  Miss  Alison,  and  had  five 
,  gons, — Robert,  John,  William,  James,  and  Thomas. 
'  Thomas  had  two  soiui,  James  and  Alexander.  Alex- 
ander married  a  Miss  Gilkeson,  and  had  two  sons, 
!  William  and  John.  John  had  no  family.  William 
j  married  Miss  Patton,  by  whom  he  had  five  children: 
,  John  Gilkeson  Gault,  deceased;  Mary  Jane;  W.  P., 
!  who  married  Miss  Black;  A.  W.  ;  and  Martha  A., 
who  married  John  Magill. 

In  absence  of  any  recorded  dates,  it  is  safe  to  say 
that  the  (laiilts  weie  among  the  very  earliest  settlers 
in  lV.)Uea.  Hubert  (iault  landed  in  New  Castle,  and 
started  out  in  search  of  a  place  to  settle  in  Penn's 
Woods.  He  selected  a  spot  to  locate  at  the  head-waters 
of  one  of  the  branches  of  Pequea  Creek,  on  land  now 
owned  by  A.  J.  Montgcnncry.  He  went  back  to  New 
Castle  for  his  family,  but  on  his  return  could  not  find 
the  place  he  ha<l  sclccud,  and  located  on  a  well- 
watered  tract  larther  north.  Here  he  purchasi-d  a 
large  tract  of  land,  and  the  Gault  family  still  own  a 
part  of  the  original  tract. 

Robert  Gault 
Church,    and    h 


of  the  lounder^of  the  Pcnpi 
jndants    have    been    steadf 


SALISBURY    TOWNSHIP 


1053 


members  down  to  tlie  present  time.  Tlie  house  now 
occupied  by  A.  W.  Gault  was  built  by  a  Mr.  Wilson 
about  tlie  year  1753,  ami  is  a  quaint  piece  of  architec- 
ture with  paneled  partitions. 

Jacob  Haines,  of  Ea,t  Nottingham  townsliip,  Ches- 
ter Co.,,|)urchased  a  lar-e  tract  of  land  from  Pvicliard 
Evanson  in  1734.  He  wms  probably  the  father  of 
Joshua  Haines.  Jo-hua  Haines  had  children:  by 
first  wife,— Jacob,  Jc^se,  Stephen,  Mary  (who  married 
a  Hackft)  ;  by  s^coii.l  wife,— Elizabeth,  Sarah  (who 
niarrie.l  a  .Mooie,  aii.l  afterwards  William  Fisher), 
and  Isaac  (who  married  Hannah  Gest). 

The  children  of  Isaac  and  Hannah  Haines  were 
Hannah,  deceased  ;  Ruthanna,  married  James  Dick- 
inson ;  Sarah,  married  to  Sanuiel  Walker  ;  Kaac,  who 
married  Riul.  E-llier  Dhkiiis,,,,;  JoMah  ;  Hel.'nali, 
married  to  .lolm  .M.  Dukin-on;  I'.li/ahetli,  niani.-d 
.Marv    .\nn,   married    f.  John 


to   William    \\\'lMu, 

Moore ;  and  Lucreti; 

Thomas   Hender.M, 

1727,   an.l    had    chiU 


.-migrated  from  Ireland  about 
n,— Arehihald,  William,  and 
'I'homas.  Tlhimas  had  a  son  Matthew.  The  children 
of  .Matthew  Henderson  were  James  (who  married 
JNIiss  Skidmore),  Sarah,  Thoma.s,  Mary,  Archibald, 
Clemson,  Matthew,  John,  David,  Barton  (who  mar- 
ried Mi.ss  Slayniaker),  and  Mary  Ann. 

The  late  Thomas  G.  Henderson  was  the  son  of 
James,  and  Amos  S.  Henderson,  Rev.  Matthew  Hen- 
derson, and  Barton  Henderson,  are  sons  of  Barton. 

Archibald  Henderson,  probably  a  son  of  Archibald 
or  William,  had  children:  William,  married  to  Ra- 
chel  Lightner,   and   Thomas,   married   to   Mrs.   Ell- 
maker.     The  children  of  WMlliam  and  Rachel  Hen- 
derson  were  A.   Lightner  Henderson,  who   married  | 
Margaret  A.   Linvill;    Dr.   Lorenzo  N.   Henderson,  ' 
married  to  Susan  C.  Ellmaker.     Thomas  Henderson  j 
had  children,— Thomas  W.,  married  to  Mary  Clark-  ' 
son  ;  Julia,  married  Col.  Thomas  K.  Bull  ;  Caroline,  ! 
married  Mr.  Boyd. 

Thomas  Henderson  (of  the  Gap)  married  Elinor 
Brinton,  and  had  a  son,  James  G.,  who  was  elected  to 
the  Legislature  in  the  year  183'.). 

Jacob  Hershey  moved  here  from  Middletown  in 
1794.  Sons  of  Jacob  Hershey:  Joseph,  married 
Magdalena  Roop;  Abraham,  married  Annie  Eby ; 
Christian,  married  Miss  Hershey;  and  John. 

Samuel  Houston  emigrated  from  Scotland,  with  i 
his  father,  in  boyhood,  and  married  in  1787,  Sarah, 
daughter  of  John  Hopkins.  He  held  the  office  of  i 
justice  of  the  i)eace  for  more  than  forty  years.  In 
1829  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate,  and  held  the 
position  three  years.  He  kept  store  at  the  turnpike, 
and  afterwards  at  the  (iap  for  many  years.  Names 
of  children  of  .Samuel  Huu-,tMn,  Esq. :  John  ;  Samuel  ; 
James,  married  J.icobs;  William;  Benjamin  F.,  mar- 
ried a  Shannon;  Sarah,  married  Harris;  Martha, 
married  William  Baker. 

John  Hopkins,  a  vi"i"i"'-'nt  public  man,  owned 
the    "White    Horse    Hotel"   during    the   Kevolutioii, 


and  was  a  member  of  tlie  Legislature  in  the  years 
1787,  '88,  '89,  '90,  '97,  '98,  '99,  and  18u0.  He  was 
also  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  1814. 

JIargaret  Hoar,  widow,  of  Wallingford,  County  of 
Berks,  England,  purchased  two  hundred  and-hfty 
acres  of  land  (ni  Peijuea  Creek  from  John  Marlow,  in 
1728,  and  leased  it  to  her  son  Robert,  who,  with  his 
wife  Sarah,  emigrated  and  settled  on  it.  Their  chil- 
dren were  Benjainiii,  married  Prudence  Davidson; 
.lonatlian,  married  .Mary  Keunard  ;  Joseph,  married 
Margaret  Linvill;  .Margaret,  married  Mr.  Wilson; 
i\Liry,  married  Mr.  lirunton ;  Sarah,  married  Mr. 
Hoyt;  and  Rachel,  married  Mr.  Blackley. 

Benjamin  and  Prudence  Hoar  had  cbil.lren,- Ben- 
jamin, married  Grace  Lightfoot;  John;  David,  mar- 
ried .Mary  Lightfoot;  I-;iizabeth,  married  William 
Linvill;  and  Lydia,  married  first,  William  Linvill, 
and  second,  James  Clemson.  Jonathan  and  Marj' 
Hoar  had  children:  James,  married  Ann  Chamber- 
lin;  Isaac,  married  Mary  Chamberlin;  Robert,  mar- 
ried Mary  Rowan  ;  Jcmathan,  married  Mary  Brison  ; 
Susan,  married  John  Fletcher;  Elizabeth,  married 
Joseph  Wike;  Ruth,  married  Daniel  Pecher;  and 
Mary,  not  married.  Joseph  and  Margaret  Hoar's 
children  were  Joseph,  deceased  ;  William,  married 
Harriet  Jenkins  ;  Sarah,  not  married  ;  Adam,  mar- 
ried Eliza  Linvill;  .Mary,  married  Thomas  Morgan; 
Margaret,  married  John  Linvill;  ami  Francis',  de- 
ceased. 

William  and  Robert  Kennedy  emigrated  from  Ire- 
land, and  settled  in  Bucks  County  in  173U.  William 
died  in  1778.  He  married  Mary  Henderson,  who  was 
also  a  Presbyterian.  Their  children  were  Thomas, 
born  1729,  died  1794,  and  James,  born  in  Bucks 
County  in  1730,  died  Oct.  7,  1799.  James  married, 
first,  Jane  Maxwell,  who  was  a  daughter  of  John 
Maxwell,  and  sister  of  Gen.  Maxwell,  of  the  Revolu- 
tionary army.  She  was  but  nineteen  years  old  when 
married,  and  died  Sept.  7, 1784.     They  had  children  : 

Ann,  married  to  Phineas  Barber ;  had  fifteen  chil- 
dren. 

Thomas,  born  1764,  died  1847  ;  married  to  Margaret 
Stewart,  of  Stewartsville,  N.  Y.  They  had  eight  chil- 
dren. 

William,  born  170G,  died  ISoO;  married  to  Sarah 
Stewart.  They  had  eight  children.  When  fifteen 
years  old  William  Kennedy  served  as  an  aide  to  his 
uncle,  Gen.  Maxwell.  He  resided  in  New  Jersey, 
and  for  many  years  was  a  representative  in  the  State 
Legislature.     He  was  also  a  judge. 

John,  born  1708;  married  Elizabeth  Linn;  had 
seven  children. 

Lucy,  burn  1770;  died  young. 

Jane,  born  1772;  married  Samuel  Kennedy,  and 
ha.l  ele\ en  children. 

Elizabeth,  born  1774,  died  July  24,  1847;  married, 
first,John  Young;  second,  William  Moorehead.  Their 
children  were  Jane,  Elinor,  and  James  Keniiedv 
Moorehead.     J.  Kcniiedv  .Moorehead  was   born  Sept. 


105-t 

7,  1800,  and  lu. 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTKR    COIINTV, 


este 


■liila.lr 


IS 

1(1^     TIk- 

ell 

M 

ea    o 

■  1 

hi;. 

h    a 

1.1    Ji 

ne  Robinson 

\vc 

r,-  \Vinia 

1, 

11 

-ll   ( 

vh 

oil  M 

illia    Slaiilv, 

!•; 

1  ,lir.l  is: 
Irn  ;ul,n 
ho   niani. 

1  ) 
,1 

M 

iiy  n 

illrl 

lo 
rli 

;i: 

1 
■k 

iaui 

1   Isaa 
>o,     n 
1  .Mar 

illci-),   .Agnes 
.'aret,  Ik-tsey, 

ai 

1  Marlll:r 
lolni  mar 

;;, 

.1  1 
1  1 

alu-ll 

1 

an 

1    ai 

ihail 

two  sons  ami 

til 

V,.  ilaimli 

lie 

sa. 

1, 

rii 

\ii-. 

1,    ITSd,   ami 

<li 

.1  in  .May 

nMi|iany  . 

1 

III 

Lli'l'l 

il, 

;; 

.mil 

■  1S12 

e.l  raptaili  of 
and  was  ap- 

1" 

of 

tlu.   |. 

•a. 

L'     i 

ISL 

.-..     In  1829  lie  was 

(.•1 

cl.'.l  to  tl 

r  1 

-'■J-' 

an 

1  III 

833  1 

e  was  eleele.l 

ni 

ing  ehlw 

0 

■  ll 

L-     l\- 

liu 

a  ( 

'liur 

;li,  wl 

i.-h  otlice  lie 

til 

e.l  with  u 

lit 

rii 

s  ■^^■■- 

1   .■ 

111! 

li.l, 

lity  n 

nil  the  close 

of 

Ills  life. 

H 

■s 

J  rope 

f-y 

i> 

till 

11  the 

ji.issession  of 

Piesi.lenl  Van  liun-n  [..i-^tma-ter  at  I'lll-hiii-h.  1, 
184(;  lie  was  elected  [iresideiit  of  the  M..mmL'.'hah 
Navigation  Coiii|iany.  He  lias  aU.i  liceii  in.^hKiii 
of  several  railroad  and  telegrapli  companies.  In  IS.'i^ 
he  was  elected  a  representative  to  Congress  from  I'itts- 
liurgli,  and  was  re-elected  for  four  successive  terms. 

James,  born    177G ;    married    I-^lizabetli   Ma.xwell  : 
had  children,— Jane  and    William  S.,   who   married  j  his  two  .sons,  H.  W.  and  William  llobin.son. 
Margaret  Buyers.  Jacob  Reeser  moved  here  from  Dauphin  County  in 

Robert,  born  July  4,  1778,  died  Oct.  31,  1843;  mar-  17iJ0  or  1795,  and  married  Barbara  Plank.  Th.ir 
ried,  first,  .Jane  llerron,  and  second,  JIary  Davidson,  children  were  Nicholas  (married  Jlast),  Jacob  (mar- 
Robert  Keiineily  was  an  eminent  Presbyterian  min-  ried  Potter),  Peter  (married  Mast),  John  (marrie.l 
ister.  I  Mast),  Martha  (married  Harlzlcr),  Christiana  (mar- 

Mary,  born   1780,  married   John   L(.igan  ;  had  five  j  ried  Daniel  Phmk),  Francis  (married  Jacob   Mast), 

Barbara  (married  C.  Hartzler). 

Christian  Umblo  emigrated  from  Germany  prior 
to  1780.  He  married  Barbara  Garber  (widow)  and 
had  children, — John  (married  Mary  Kurtz),  Henry 
(married  Anne  t^toltzfus),  and  Christian,  not  mar- 
ried. 

Peter  Worst  married  Barbara  Weaver,  and  moved 
here  from  Fairville  in  178."".,  Their  children  were 
F^lizabeth  (married  Garber),  Barbara  (married  Lan- 
dis),  Peter  (married  Ferree),  Annie  (married  Green- 
leaf),  lleiiry  (married  Kurtz),  Catherine.  Peter  had 
children, — Henry  ^V^,  George,  Mary,  Jlargaret,  Anne, 
Elizabeth,  Catharine,  and  Ferree.  George's  children 
were  Israel.  Jacob,  Mary,  Anne,  Elizji,  George  G. 
Henry's  family  were  Barbara,  Peter,  Samuel,  lOlias, 
Mary,  Elizabeth,  Susanna,  and  Henry,  Jr. 


Ma.xwell,  born  1782,  died  1844;  married  Margaret 
Maxwell.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Legislature  in 
1835.  His  children  were  Elinor,  who  died  unnuirried; 
Robert  T.,  who  married  Charlotte  Hanibriglit ;  Will- 
field"  Scott,  wh.)  married,  first,  Slary  Melvina  Slay- 
maker,  and  hail  two  sons,  and,  second,  Esther  J.  Dick- 
inson ;  Sylvester,  who  married  Martha  A.  Kinzer, 
and  had  seven  children, — Ma.xwell,  Henry,  Margaret 
A.  (married  Smith  P.  Buyers),  Piiilip  Timlow,  G. 
Clemens,  Alon/.o  Potter,  and  H.  Elliot;  William 
IMaxwell,  who  married  Henrietta  Bryan,  and  died 
lS3(i;  and  .lane,  who  married  Andrew  Buyers,  and 
had  children, — Josephine  Y.  (married  R.  S.  Mcll- 
vaine),  Maxwell  K.,  Letitia  A.,  Patton  L.,  Mar- 
garetta  (married  Edwin  Ewing),  and  four  others. 

George    Mcllvaine.      His    children    were    Robert 
(married   Sarah   Slemons),   Mary   (married    William 
Dickson),  Elizabeth   (married   BoyJ).  Jane  (married  \         |.  |  (((i  R  A  I' II  I  ( !  A  I.       S  K  E  T  0  H  1^  S. 
Slaymak.T). 

Rolnrl  an.l  Sarah's  diihlicn  were  Thomas  (married 
Susan    Lightner),    (Icn-e    (niarncl   Sarah   Siaiillcr),  .\  A  1  ll.\  .VI  Kl,    ];i:ilT. 

William, '.(anc,   .b.hn,   Sarah.      i;.,l,er|-..   .-.e.-.m.l   wife  To    the    mi.xe.l    |M,piilati..n    of    the    Cniled    Sti 

was  Abigail  Wliitehill,  ami  their  .l.inghlcr  .M.iry  iiia.le  up  as  it  has  li.'.n  by  rini;:rali..n  from  all  p 
married  Janic-,  .Meluillcy.  Thomas  ami  Susan's  fan,-  ,,|  the  u.nl.l,  it  may  he  >ai.l  with  truth,  none  h 
ilv    were    Maria,    Snviiina,   Tli.nnas,    He.M-v,    l'rrr..-e,      c.inl  nliiit.Ml  a  iii.ire  siil.-taiitial  .>r  more  .ie-ir.ible 


The  Robinson  brothers,  J.ihn,  Willi 
with  one  sister,  emigrated  liniii  the  n 
at  or  about  the  close  of  the  Revulii 
ehler  biolhers  purchased  farms  in  1 
Chester  C.i.  Hugh,  the  youngest  of  tl 
in  Dauphin  C.mnly,  and  in.irrie.l  .1 
native  of  Uial  comity.  Soon  alter  h 
1784,  Hugh  bought  at  sh.-nll'..  miI.j 


with    their    i 
A'c   always    el 


Ihe  b.nder-lands  of 
itever  locality  the 
lit  there  will  most 
mservative  of  go.id 
try  ami  nnHinching 

Ih.'iii.  l'r..iiiiiieiit 
Irelail.l  wli.ise  de- 
,'iii  the  New  World 


SALISBUHY  TOWNSIIIP.  UiofV 

province  of  Western  Iil-IuihI.  His  children  were  L;iMc:istur  Co.,  iipiui  uliirli  lie  erected  a  residence  and 
William,  Alice,  Arthur,  llaiin;,!,,  aii.l  Nailuiuiel.  l.uil.liiiL'Miicluaini:  <.iir  ..t  the  largest  and  (inest  eon- 
Willi:unandIIanMali(Iie.lin  eiilv  lile.  A  lirf  u  as  mar  servat(Hics  in  liiat  pari  ..I  the  State,  which  make 
ried  toTlxiiiias  In-rahani  in  Irrlaiui,  and  cnii-ralcd  •' Wat.rl..,,' .  (a  iiann'  -i\en  th.-  plare  hy  Mr.  Hen- 
iinil  settled  on  a  larni  within  the  present  limits  nfthe      drrM.ni  ,,nc.  „(  the  lineal  e.anilry-M-ats  in  the  CDlliity.. 

■I'he    snnunei     nfunlhs    are    pa-^.al    at    this   ,k-lit;litrill 
hume.  and    in   this  uav  Mr.  Hurt    has   I.ec.nne   nronii- 


city  (. 
the  (11 

■  I 

le 

itt.hi 
that 
r   of  ' 

igh. 
oeal 

Her. 
ty.      N 
ed    In- 

e>e 

ah: 

anh 
nic 

and  to 

]; 

11  pi 

the  e 

est  of 

tha 

order 

nil 

th 

T 

iiieiit. 

he 

an.> 

his 

.rother 

.Vr 

hill 

heiiig 

ai 

•aye 

0|>pns 

te 

s.de> 

H 

>:ui 

at 

the    In 

111 

■-tea 

"(del 

ai 

t:,"  "<■' 

irRc 

Hast,  ii 

17 

-II. 

IJpoiit 

dell 

the  R 

-b 

11  ion 

le  w 

is    Ohii), 

ed 

o  (1 

e  the  e 

.11 

came 

to 

\nier 

ca  ii 

1801. 

IK 

at 

r-l  am 

1. 

r  .-e 

years 

en 

gaged 

ill   t 

le  fur 

rad 

e,  111 

aking  i 

11 

he 

1802  a 

ni 

1S03 

two 

trips  to 

the 

the 

1  e.Ktre 

We 

far  as 

F( 

rt  Ind 

epen 

dence  ( 

low 

Ka 

isasCit 

.'.') 

11 

each 

tri 

ce  wi 

h  th 

■  India 

un! 

ng 

ti!"r 

H 

hein 
e    a! 

spoke 

ol 

them 

in  k 

indly  ti 

rii, 

.      1 

le  l.iid 

th 

•.      Dining 

the 

hit.,  wal 

he  took  an  active  in- 

in    eveiytl 

in-   1 

...king 

..  Its  ellielent  prosecu- 

He   was  . 

III.,    e; 

ili.st    members  of  the 

Lea-ue. 

In 

\si;-i    h 

raised    in    Lancaster 

.f  uhicli 
not  entei 

Hill 

.e    be 

of    th 

came    tl 

d    Forty-second  Regi- 
e  eoh.nel,  and  thongh 
service,  yet  tliroiiglioiit 

mh    Mr.    1 

lilt. 

g  the  c 
.y    hi.    1 

Os,.  „|-  the  Union. 

,e  ill  Laii 

t'..unt;, 

ha-  become  l.leiitilie.l 

snbseqt, 

'lit  y 

011.1 

Si.xt 

Uld 
1   a 

.Mar 
I.I  M 

Ivantage 

o    bun    ill 

III    ISO.^ 

he  opeiie.l 

hia,   tii-st 

n    ubat    is 

h    the   pe.ipl..   of  that   .■.Hinly,  il   is    in    his    native 
,■   he   is   best    known   and    his    inHiience    most   felt. 

eiisiee"real  estate.  He  ha~  also  t^ken  an  nclive 
t  ill  biiibling  lip  anil  fostering  the  bcnevident  in- 
utioiis  of  the  cite.  He  is  a  member  of  the  board 
brectorsol  the  .Mluin.nm,  of  the  Children's  Hos- 
,,l,aii(l  the  rnh.ii  ILmk^k  ..h-nt  .\-.,ciatio,i  of  Rliil- 
■Iphia.  In  politics  he  has  b,-,.|i  i.leiitilied  with  the 
lig  and  licpublieaii  parties,  hiit.  witli  a  single  e.x- 
.tioii,  has  mver  been  a  camlnlate  f.ir  |iolitical  office. 
1,^.-.S  !..■  was  li,.r,,re  the  district  convention  of  his 
ty  in  Lancaster  County  as  the  representative  of 
conservative  element  for  the  nomination  for  Con- 
He  with. Ircw  from  active  bnsiness  about  ISfO.  He  gre.ss.  Tliaddeiis  Stevens  became  tlie  successful  can- 
died  at  bis    residence,  corner  Twelfth   ami    Walnut  '  .li.bUe.      He   has  been   a   member  of  the  Episcopal 


•   f..r  about   thirty 

W 

phew,    .\rtliiir    In- 

Cl- 
in 

l,y  hiscontenipo- 

pa 

s  about  ISIO.     He 

r"" 

idftb   ami    Walnut 

di 

IS'iO.       His    wite 

CI 

him   iiiaiiy'  years, 

Je 

r   daughter,    Mrs. 

Ii, 

Her  brother,  Wil- 

of 
11 

the  .State   Legisla- 

Hi 

■nal    iiii|irovenient 

re    .Mice,    -Vrthiir, 

Streets,  I'hiladelphia,  March  12,  IS'iO.  His  wite  Church  lor  many  year,.  He  married,  Jjin.  8,  1840 
was  Mary  Lehman,  who  survived  him  many' years,  Jeaiinie,  daughter  of  tjliarles  and  Jane  (I'.ard) 
and  died  at  the  residence  of  Iier  daughter,  Mrs.  j  lir.ioke.  Mr.  lirooke  was  a  well-known  ironmaster 
Clara  Ashmea.l,  in  Germaiit.nvn.  Her  brother,  Wil-  id'  Chester  County,  Pa.  Their  children  are  Arthur, 
Ham  Lehman,  a  prominent  inereliantofriiila.lelidiia,  Horace  Brooke,  Jeannre,  :Mary  T.,  Alfred  P.,  and 
was  for  many  years  the  le: 
ture  of  the  measures  for  i 
of  the  Slate.  Their  eliih 
Clara,  ]\Iary,  Nuthaniel,  ai 
Nathaniel  lUirt  was  bor 
vest  corner  Si.\tli  ami  M 


Tin:    W.\hiavl!    f.\.MIl,Y.i 
le  Walker  family  is  one  of  great  respectability, 
.leriv.'.l  ff.iiii  Anthony  Walker,  of  St.  Amlrew's 
jV."  ."'.''"'a    \'-"   "  '  '.  ."', ]','..    .'''"'  '■"■•'   -''  "'-"      Wardr..bbe,  in    L..ndoii,'    a  landed  estate  family,  and 

■      '     ral  in  pursuit,     d'he  lineage  from  the  origin 


day,  who  ma.le  bis  marl 
will   bear  »itm-s.      Ik- 

at  the  Ambiist  Classi 
He  entered  the  sopboin 
ill  183G,  and  was  gra.lm 
18;!',).  Hestu.lie.l  law  w 
lawyer,  'Hioin.i.  1.  Wlia 
account  of  hi.  eyes  laili 
]iractice  of  the  prolc-io 


\ 

ests  as  walkers,  or 

:Z 

1,  N. 

'.'.?, 

of  the  king's  fore, 
enrolled  the  attaci 

!s  11  r. 

.il  est 

ate 

and  subsequently, 

Iphi: 

,  but 

o  gi\ 
lurcl 

e  ii|. 

the 
the 

1  ltisto.jM5rg.-i..Mlo-> 
"IIi=l..ry  uf  l..iii,l,.,l  Ctu 

toll. iws,  viz. ;  The  ancient  sur- 
iter,  derived  at  a  very  early  pe- 
us  occupations  in  the  royal  for- 
rilers;  that  is,  they  were  ollicers 
k..pttliea,si..s   view,  kept  and 


]o3(; 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Anthony  Walker,  und  died  ^r;ly  1 1,  lo'JO,  possessed 
of  lands  lield  in  r.jpili,  a,  apju-ars  by  his  will.  He 
left  several  children,  among  olhers  Thomas  ^Valker, 
Esq..  of  Westminster,  hereditary  cliief  nslier  of  Court 
of  E.xchcquer  and  marked  |iroelamalor,  a  baron  of 
the  Court  of  Cointnon  I'le.is.  IIo  dieil  Oct.  \i,  KIKJ, 
leaving  a  son,  Clement  W.ilker.  E>.|.,  ..f  .Mid<lle  Tem- 
l)le,  HydoM,  County  Somerset,  who  had  special  livury 
of  his  father's  lancK ;  died  1051. 

His  son,  John  Walker,  "celebrated  as  tlie  jier^on 
who  first  introduced  the  system  of  fallowing  lajid  and 
of  thoroughly  revising  wheat  crop.s  far  more  exten-  ; 
sively.tlian  formerly,  was  a  person  of  great  intelli- 
gence and  enterprise,  and  set  an  example  of  superior 
farm  culture  to  his  neighbors."    He  was  married  into  | 
tlie  very  ancient  and  celebrated  family, '•  Heneage,"  1 
descendants  of  Sir  Robeit  Heneage,  who  is  mentioned 
in  liistorv  as   liviii-  in  the  rei-n  of  Henrv  III.  in  the 


■,    pra 
ir  Co. 


:ile:,-s 


It     I) 


The  following  description  of  coat-of-arms,  family 
motto,  etc.,  conferred  to  the  Heneage  family  was  al>o 
conferred  by  marriage  upon  the  Walker  family  ; 

Arms.     First,  Heneage;  second.  Walker. 

Crest.  A  demi-heraldic  tiger,  salient,  per  pale  in- 
dented A.  R.  and  S.  A.  armed  and  langued,  G.  U. 
named  and  tutfed. 

blotto.     Walk  in  the  »vay  of  God. 

Seat.     Compton  Hasset  ;   Wilts. 

The  fomily  were  membersofthe  Established  Church, 
and  their  motto  would  infer  that  they  were  a  pious  ! 

Lewis  Walker,  one  of  the  descendants,  became  a  j 
follower  of  George  Fo.v,  who  was  at  this  period  estab-  i 
lisbing  the  Quaker  or  Friends  Society,  and  thereby 
was  disowned  by  his  kinsmen  and  ancestry,  and  in  I 
every  manner  separated  from  them  in  social,  secular, 


I 

and  religious  interests,  and  deprived  of  all  govern-  i 
inent  honors  heretofore  inherited  or  possessed  ;  or,  in  j 
the  language  of  a  follower  of  George  Fox,  "he  laid  j 
down  these  honors  conferred  by  government." 

He  left  bis  mother-country  about  1GS4,  settling  at 
or  near  Valley  Forge,  Chester  Co.,  purchasing  from 
William  Penn  (his  [larlicular  friend  and  companion  I 
and  co-worker  in  establishing  the  doctrines  of  the  | 
Society  of  Friends  or  Quakers)  one  thousand  acres  of  i 
land,  continuing  to  ]iursiie    his  original  ocuupation,  ; 
that  of  husbandry,  in  a  style  much  like  his  ancestors 
of  England.  [ 

Asabel  Walker,  Esq.  (2d),  son  of  Asahel  Walker 
(1st),  was  born  2d  mo.  7,  17.S8,  in  Sadsbury  township. 
He  was  a  man  of  marked  intellect  and  energy,  and  set  ' 
the  same  example  of  superior  husbandry  to  his  neigh- 
bors as  his  English  ancestry  ;  was  justice  of  the  peace 
for  many  yearn.  He  married  Sarah  Coates,  the  daugh- 
ter of  Samuel  and Coates,  of  Chester  Valley,  near 

Coatesville,  a  family  of  F^nglish  descent.  She  had 
brothers  Warrick,  Samuel,  Levi,  Joseph,  George,  and 
Richard.  Samuel  and  Levi  were  recommended  min- 
isters of  the  Society  of  Friends.     Joseph,  a  medical 


Asahel  Walker  (2d),  died  12tli  mo.  5,  ISoli.  Sarah 
Walkcr^his  wife,  died  •')tli  mo.  .'>,  18G".),  in  her  sevcntv- 
eighth  year  of  age. 

They  hadVhil.lren  as  follows: 

Ann.i,  married  to  William  P.  Cooper,  1S38. 

Susanna,  married  to  .AIoscs  Pownall,  lS;iS. 

Susanna  (widow),  married  to  Pusey  Barnard.  18(i0. 

Phebe,  married  to  William  P.  Cooper,  1S48. 

Sarah,  nmrried  to  S.  D.  Linvilt,  1849. 

Samuel,  married  to  Sarah  L.  Haines,  1S5.3. 

Analiel  (3d),  not  married. 

Joseph  C,  married  Lucy  H.  Ellmaker,  185H. 

Mary  Alice,  married  to  Alfred  Ellmaker,  1858. 

Jlargaretta,  married  Frank  J.  Pennock,  18.59. 

Joseph  (.'.  Walker,  E-q.,  son  of  Asahel  Walker, 
E>q.  (the  second),  was  born  in  Sadsbury  township, 
Lancaster  Co.,  April  4,  1832,  spending  the  days  of 
liis  boyhood  until  his  majority  with  his  parents,  be- 
coming thoroughly  schooled  in  the  science  of  agri- 
culture. At  that  period,  1853,  be  embarked  in  the 
mercantile  pursuit  with  Messrs.  Baker  and  Hoiikins 
at  Gap,  Pa.  (Mr.  Baker  being  at  the  time  super- 
intendent of  the  .dd  Philadelphia  and  Columbia 
Railroad).  In  1855  he  removed  to  Christiana,  Pa., 
remained  until  1857,  then  returning  to  the  Gap,  en- 
tered into  the  general  transportation,  grain,  coal,  and 
lumber  business,  wdiere  he  is  has  been  engaged  in 
the  same  occupation  for  a  terra  of  over  twenty-seven 
years.  He  has  during  this  period  served  in  the  posi- 
tions of  i)Ostmaster,  revenue  collector,  justice  of  tlie 
peace,  etc.,  and  is  now  president  of  the  (iap  National 
Bank. 

He  owns  the  mansion,  residence,  and  farm  occu- 
pied by  his  grandfather,  Asahel  Walker  the  first, 
Asahel  Walker  the  second,  and  Asahel  Walker  the 
third  successively,  tlie  ancient  stone  mansion  thereon 
being  a  house  of  historic  record  in  the  lime  of  the 
Revolutionary  war. 

He  married  Lucy  Hiester  Ellmaker,  daughter  of 
Enfield  Esaias  and  Sarah  (Watson)  Ellmaker,  of  Earl 
township,  March  13,  185G,  they  being  a  family  of 
German  ancestry.  She  was  the  great-granddaugh- 
ter of  Leonard  and  iLirgaret  (Hornberger)  Ellma- 
ker, who  migrated  from  Nulenburg,  Germany,  in  the 
year  1726,  landed  in  Philadelphia,  and  settled  in 
Earl  township  in  the  same  year.  Margaret  Horn- 
berger was  a  graduate  in  medicine,  and  jiracticed  her 
profession  after  coming  to  this  country. 

Joseph  C.  and  Lucy  H.  Walker  have  children  as 
follows:  E.  Enfield,  Sallie  Watson,  Susan  Pusey, 
Joseph  Coates,  and  James  Chester.  Joseph  Coates 
died  Jan.  21,  1878,  in  his  twelfth  year. 

Mr.  Walker,  being  of  Quaker  parentage,  was 
raised  under  that  faith,  but  afterwards  became  allied 
with  the   Presbyterian   Church;  is  of  the  old  Anti- 

his  ancestry,   tlie   Democratic,  at  as  carlv  a  date  as 


fc^^-^^^^ 


—7^ 


*•/  -^^ 


JjCLC^     S^^ 


Uv^, 


SALISBURY    TOWNSIIIR 


1057 


tlie  campaign  of  Governor  Ritner  (1838),  and  well 
rernernbcTS  being  derideil  by  sume  of  his  Republican 
associates  as  late  as  1854  (br  his  ajitislavery  dor- 
triiies. 

In  tlie  year  1S80  lie  associated  with  him  his  son,  E. 
Enfield  Walker,  trading  as  Joseph  C.  Walker  &  Son, 
they  heing  the  oldest  hoiis-e  in  their  line  of  business 
on   the   Pennsylvania   Railroad   between   Harrisburg 


ISAAC    WALKER. 

Isaac  Walker  was  born  in  Sadsbury  township,  Lan- 
caster (^,1.,  I>a.,  Jan.  27,  180S.  He  is  the  sou  of  Isaac 
and  Debnrah  (Dickinson)  Walker,  the  grandson  of 
A-ahel  and  ,\nna  (Moore)  Walker,  the  great-grand- 
,son  nf  Isaac  and  Sarah  (Jernian)  Walker,  and  the 
great-great-grandson  of  Lewis  and  Mary  (Morris) 
Walker.  The  English  ancestry  is  given  in  the  bio- 
graphical sketch  of  Joseph  C.  Walker. 

Lewis  came  originally  from  the  border  of  Scotland, 
hut  directly  from  Wales.  He  settled  tirst  at  Phila- 
delphia, and  afterward  at  Valley  Forge,  where  he 
purchased  from  Penn  one  thousand  acres  of  land. 
He  erected  the  first  stone  residence  (still  standing, 
though  enlarged)  at  Valley  Forge,  and  gave  the 
ground  for  a  Friends'  meeting-hnuse  and  cemetery. 
The  hou>e  was  used  by  Oen.  Washington  for  h"is 
ipiarter-^,  and  the  meeting-house  for  a  hospital  in  the 
Reviihitinn.  The  tract  is  still  owned  by  his  descend- 
a[its,  all  iif  whom  have  been  Friends. 

In  the  female  line  Mr.  Walker  is  descended  from 
tlie  Miiores,  the  Newlins,  and  the  Dickinsons.  James 
MiMire  came  from  the  county. of  Antrim,  in  Ireland, 
in  1723,  and  was  the  progenitor  of  the  Moores  in 
Sadsbury.  His  daughter  Anna  was  the  granduiother 
of  Isaac. 

Nicholas  Newlin  eniiL'rated  from  Ireland  about 
1083,  and  settled  in  Delaware  O.mnty.  His  great- 
great-granddaughter,  iMary  Newlin,  married  (Jains 
Dickinson.    They  were  the  parents  of  Isaac's  motlier. 

Gains  Dickinson  was  the  son  of  Joseph  Dickin.son, 
who  came  to  America  from  Ireland,  though  he  was 
said  to  be  origintilly  from  England.  He  settled  on 
Pequea  Creek,  in  Salisbury  township,  and  liis  sons. 
Gains  and  Juseph,  inherited  his  estate.  Deborah 
Diekin>,.ii,  the  daughter  of  Gains,  was  the  mother  of 
Isaac  Walker.  The  celebrated  Anna  Dickinson,  of 
Philadelphia,  was  the  great-granddaughter  ol'  Gains. 
Isaac  was  reared  on  the  homestead  of  his  ancestors, 
in  Sadsbury,  on  wdiich  his  father  had  erected  a  schocd- 
house,  ill  which  he  taught  a  school  during  portions  of 
several  years.  In  tliis  house  Isaac  received  the  rudi- 
menl^   1. 1'   an    education    which    was    afterwards    im- 


old 


e>t   se 
the  I 


carried  on  the  inannfaeture  of  leather  in  Connection 
with  the  niereanlile  liusine^s.  He  erected  a  number 
of  new  liuildiiiL;-,  and  lunnded  the  village  of  Smyrna, 
in  s!idsbury.  In  the  winter  of  1839,  under  the  ad- 
niini>iraij(in  ot  (Jiivcrnor  Porter,  he  was  appointed 
to  the  eleirue  of  the  didicult  Gap  Division  of  the 
Pliil.idelphia  and  Columbia  Railroad,  in  which  posi- 
tion he  eontiiiLied  during  five  years,  alter  which  he 
was  for  three  years  engaged  in  mercantile  business  at 
Smyrna.  In  October,  1847,  he  purcliased  the  man- 
sion farm  id' his  ancestors,  near  Gap,  and  during  more 
than  thirty  years  he  was  engaged  in  agricultural  pur- 
suits. In  1872  lie  purcliased  a  square  of  ground  in 
Gap,  including  the  "  Penn  Spring"  and  the  "Shaw- 
nee Garden,"  the  home  of  his  mother's  ancestor,  and 
he  has  since  endeavored  to  assist  in  building  up  the 
village  of  Gap.  He  now  (1883)  is  engaged  in  the 
business  of  general  merchandise  on  the  place  which 
he  purchased  eleven  years  since. 

Mr.  Walker  was  m.arried  Nov.  2, 1831,  to  Eliza  Ann, 
daughter  of  Abner  and  Mary  (Kinsey)  Brooke,  of 
Sadsbury.  She  was  of  the  highly  respectable  fami- 
lies of  Brooke,  in  Montgomery,  and  Kinsey,  in  Bucks 
County,  that  were  among    the  very  early  settlers  in 


1   children  -of  Isaac 
of  whom  are  living. 


and 


ith,lS32;  Mary  Louisa, 
ic  Buchauan,  7th  of  2d 


ither  he  leSrne 

nil   in  1830  he  purcha.sed  a  Ian 

ere  during  a  number  of  years  in 


those  counties.  The  eleve 
Eliza  Ann  Walker,  only  si.^ 
born-  as  Ibllows : 

Anna  Maria,  3d  of  8th  m 
2d  of  (Jlh  month,  183o;  Is 
month,  1838;  Eliza  Josephine,  26th  of  6th  month, 
1839;  Mercy  Brooke,  10th  of  1st  month,  1842;  James 
Madi-son,  1st  of  5th  month,  1843;  Esther  Jane,  22d 
of  12th  month,  1845;  Sarah  Francis,  13lli  of  7th 
month,  1849;  Ahner  Brooke  and  Deborah  Dickinson 
(twin-),  25ih  of  7tli  month,  1852;  Isaac  Lewis,  14th 
of  4th  nioiitli,  1854.  Of  these,  Isaac  Buchanan, 
Mercy  Brooke,  .\bner  Brooke,  and  Deborah  Dickinson 
died  in  infancy.  Eliza  Josei)hine  married  Isaac  Dil- 
ler,  of  riadsbnry,  and  ilied  7th  month,  1873,  leaving 
three  children,— 'Anna  Loui>a,  Isaac  Walker,  and 
Daniel  Coleman  Dillei'. 

Anna  Maria  is  unmarried. 

Mary  Louisa  took  an  active  part  on  the  side  of  the 
Southern  Confederacy  in  the  late  civil  war.  She 
crossed  the  lines  in  1860,  and  was  at  once  appointed 
chief  matron  of  the  Howard  Hospital,  at  Richmoi.d. 
To  procure  medical  supplies  she  volunteered  to  run 
the  blockade;  and  did  so  from  Wilmington,  N.  C, 
though  chased  by  a  man-of-war.  She  visited  the 
West  Indies,  Halifax,  Quebec,  and  Montreal.  At  the 
latter  place  she  was  detained  till  the  St.  Lawrence 
was  frozen  over,  and  she  was  compelled  to  transjiort 
her  supplies  on  sleds  through  Lower  Canada  and  J.'ew 
Brunswick,  a  distance  ol'  live  hundred  miles,  to  Hali- 
fax. Thenee  she  sailed,  in  January,  1865,  and  ran 
the  blockade  at  fialveston,  Te.xas.  Though  closely 
pursued  by  guidioats,  -he  took  her  cargo  one  hundred 
and  ninety  mile-  up  the  Brazos  River  to  Port  Snlli- 
vaii,  in   Milam   ('onntv.     The  w^ar  liad   then  closed. 


SALTSTUIRY    TOWNSHU' 


Winfu'l 

.«llsl,i|,, 


ISVAl'    I.IVIN'OSTOX. 


red 


CticMer  Coiiiily,  thfu  uiuU'i  tlu-  uluu.tj,'  ol  il,r  llrvs. 
James  aiul  l-'raiK'is  L;aiu.  In  ls:!()  lu-  ,nuir,l  .1,1- 
fcrsoii  College,  whore  lie  reiiiaiiUMl  iluriii);  the  jiiiiKir 
year,  at  the  end  of  whieh  time  he  ua.-,  oblit;e,l  U,  leav<- 
on  account  of  failing  eyesight.  In  1831  an.l  ]^:\-J.  he 
was  clftrk  in  the  hardwai-e-slore  of  Logan  &  k'eiiiu  ily, 
tlie  next  three  years  worked  for  his  father  on  the 
farm,  and  in  1836  coniinenced  farming  for  liimself. 
He  married,  May  4,  1837,  Mary  M.,  daughter  of 
Mattliias  and  Rehecca  Slayinaker,  who  was  liorn  in 
Williamstown,  April,  1810.  From  1836  to  1849  he 
lived  in  the  house  below  the"Kising  Sun  Hotel," 
now  owned  by  Samuel  Kaud'man.  During  the  latter 
of  these  years  he  dealt  largely  in  cattle,  making  fre- 
quent trips  to  Kentucky  and  Ohio,  and  sometimes  re- 
turning East  with  droves  of  a  thousand  head  and 
upward.  From  1851  to  1856  he  engaged  in  merchan- 
dising at  Bellevue  (now  part  of  the  Gap)  in  company 
with  his  brother  Sylvester.  In  1857  he  went  to  Pitts- 
burgh, where  he  became  interested  with  his  brother 
Robert  in  carrying  on  the  Pearl  Fhmring-lMill,  at 
that  time  one  of  the  largest  in  the  country,  with 
capacity  of  from  seven  hundred  to  one  thousand  bar- 
rels per  day.  This  partnership  continued  until  1870, 
when  the  mill  was  burned.  During  the  most  of  the 
time  he  made  his  lieadquarters  at  Cincinnati  in  the 
purchase  of  wheat.  His  wile  died  in  1843.  He  mar- 
ried again,  Dec.  5,  1866,  Esther  J.,  daui:;hter  ot  James 
and  Rebecca  Dickinson,  who  was  Uoru  in  Sali-liury 
township,  Sept.  22,  1821. 

As  early  as  1846  he  became  interested  in  the  Penii 
Cotton-Mill  of  Pittsburgh,  and  still  retains  his  inter- 
est in  that  factory,  first  under  the  name  of  Kennedy, 
Childs  &  Co.,  now  Penn  Cotton-Mill  Company.  From 
1870  to  1873  he  spent  at  home  on  tlie  farm.  In  the 
latter  year  he  became  a  partner  in  the  Black  Diamond 
Steel-Works  (Park,  Brother  &  Co.),  one  of  the  largest 
establishments  of  its  kind  in  the  country,  and  still 
retains  his  interest  therein.  In  1864  he  i)urchased 
the  Fassett  farm  and  mansion,  situated  near  Cane's 
post-office,  on  the  Old  Road,  in  Salisbury  township, 
which  he  has  made  bis  home  ever  since.  Mr.  Ken- 
nedy has  always  taken  an  active  part  in  politics, 
being  identified  with  the  Anti-JIa.son  and  Republi- 
can parties,  but  has  always  been  too  busy  with  the 
management  of  his  own  alfairs  to  accept  of  public 
olHce.  Though  not  ii  member,  he  is  a  supporter  of 
and  attendant  upon  the  Presbyterian  Church.  He  is 
a  director  in  the  Gap  National  Bank.  His  wife  died 
April  28,  ISSO.  He  had  two  children  by  liis  first  wife, 
viz.;  William  Ma.xwell,  born  July  ID,  1838,  died  at  j 
Mackinaw,Mich.,in  1864;  John  Matthias,  born  March  : 
26,  1840,  married  Florence  Graddy,  of  Versailles,  Ky.  | 
Five  children,— Willie  Maxwell,  Jessie  Graddy, 
Winfiel<l  Scott,  Thomas  G.,  and  John  M. 


I. hen  nr  Wilhau;  ;nid  ,l;ine  (Allison)  Li 
111.  LT.ui.llMlhei,  William   LiviiiirMou,  em 


Willi 


in  Salisbury 
the  .-Sali-liury 
,      Isaiah   and 


liuiial  ground.      He  was   never   im 
James  moved  to  the  West. 

William  Livingston,  father  of  Isaac,  was  twelve 
years  of  age  when  the  family  came  to  this  country. 
He  married  Jane,  daughter  of  James  and  Margaret 
Allison.  After  his  marriage  he  carried  on  a  farm  in 
Paradise  township,  and  ne.xt  rented  the  farm  belong- 
ing to  James  Boyd,  in  Salisbury  township,  now 
owned  and  oeeupied  by  the  widow  of  John  New- 
liau.'.er,  where  he  remained  sI.k  years.  He  then 
rented  another  farm  of  James  Boyd,  now  owned  by 
Henry  Eby,  and  lived  upon  it  until  1832.  In  the 
latter  year  he  purchased  of  James  Boyd  the  farm  in 
Salisbury  township  now  owned  by  liis  son  Isaac. 
Here  he  lived  until  the  time  of  his  death,  wbieli  oc- 
curred March   li),  1836.     His  wife  died  June  'J,  1838. 

To  William  and  Jane  Livingston  were  born  chil- 
dreiv  as  follows:  John,  James,  Elizabeth,  William, 
Thomas,  Henry,  Margaret,  Anna,  Laai',  and  Jane. 
All  were  married  e.\cept  Thomas,  IL  im,  .\iiii,i,  and 
Jane.  Anna  died  iti  infancy.  John  died  in  Salis- 
bury in'  1863.  He  left  ten  children,  nine  of  whom 
are  living.  Judge  John  B.  Livingston,  of  Lancaster, 
was  one  of  his  sons.  James  died  in  1874;  he  had  eight 
children,  five  of  whom  are  living.  Elizabeth,  wife  of 
Samuel  L.  Hoar,  moved  to  Quincy,  III.,  and  died 
there.  She  had  four  children,  only  one  of  wdiom  is 
living.  William  died  in  1840,  leaving  four  chil- 
dren, two  of  whom  are  living.  Margaret,  wife  of  Dr. 
James  Purcell,  moved  to  New  Orleans,  wdiere  her 
husband  died.  She  died  at  the  homestead  in  1872, 
aged  sixty-seven.  Jane  died  at  the  homestead  in 
1838,  aged  eighteen.  Thomas  and  Henry  owned,  in 
common  with  their  brother  Isaac,  the  homestead 
farm,  and  a.ssisted  in  carrying  it  on  to  the  time  of 
their  death.  Thomas  died  in  1863,  aged  sixty-three; 
Henry,  Oct.  30,  1882,  aged  seventy-eight.  Isaac  Liv- 
ingston has  sp'ent  his  whole  life  on  a  farm.  His  edu- 
cation was  limited  lo  an  attendance  upon  the  com- 
mon school. 

No  farmers  in  Salisbury  towiishi[),  a  township  noted 
for  its  good  farmers,  were  more  successful  or  thorough 
than  the  ".Livingston  boys,"  a  term  by  which  they 
were  familiarly  designated.  To  the  original  home- 
stead tract,  consisting  of  a  hundred  acres,  the  three 
brothers  added  by  ])Urchase  the  Adam  Hoar  farni 
adjoining,  one  hundred  and  fortyrone  acres,  another 

Bethania,  ami   live  acres  of  timber  land,  in  all  three 


loeo 


HISTORY   OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


hundred  iind  sixty-two  ii 
brothers  without  heir^  I 
He  married,  Dee.  :i2,  ISo. 
liam  and  Anna  rJn\ill. 
in  Siilisluny.  II. r  fan,! 
tiers  ot  the  t.innslii|,. 
Tliechihlreni.f  Naae 


ry  K.  1 
b.   IS. 


If^sti 


Dr.  C.  I.  Uee.e,,lentist.  livin,^'at  Atnh 
Pa.;  Tfionias  Henry,  born  March  li 
Newton,  born  Aug.  18,  ]S()2;  and  Sa 
]\[areli  4,  18G9,  the  three  latter  living  ; 


,  Chester  Co., 
,  18(;i  ;  Isaae 
di  Ann,  born 
home. 


iticsMr.  Livingston  has  been  identified  with 
ig  and   Republican   i)arties.     Though   not  a 


Inpo 
the   Wli 

towards  the  Friends,  a  sect  ol  whiiii  In-,  parents  were 
members. 

An  event  worthy  of  recording  in  the  lite  of  Mr. 
Livingston  was  a  trip  on  horseback,  in  company  with 
Jacob  H.  Linvill,  Cliristian  Umble,  and  John  Hur.st, 
in  1837,  upon  whirl,  nrra^on  lliey  visited,  with  others, 
the  citie-  of  Pitt. Inn  uli,  Cleveland,  ami  Columbus. 
The  tri])  was  a  on  nioralile  one  in  their  lives,  but  they 
saw  nothing  in  their  juurneyings  sufficiently  attractive 
to  wean  them  funn  their  homes  in  the  "  Garden  of 
Pennsvlvaiiia." 


IS.\.\C 


McCAMANT. 

as  l)i)rn  in  the  township  of 
.,  I'a.,  Oct.  1,  1815.  His 
nder  Mc(-'amant,  emigrated 
riy  part  of  tlie  seventeenth 
delphia,  where  he  remained 


Isaac  S.  McCan.ant  w; 
Salisbury,  Lan.a-tei  Co 
great-grandlathei,  Alexa 
from  Scotland  in  the  ea 
century,  landing  at  rhila 
for  some  time. 

In  1733  he  purchased  of  John,  Thomas,  and  Rich- 
ard Penn,  a  tract  of  land  of  about  four  hundred  acres 
in  the  townshij)  of  Salisbury,  the  letters  patent  for 
which  are  still  held  by  his  descendants.  He  had. 
married  before  leaving  Scotland  Mary  Black,  of  a  pious 
Scotch  family.  He  died  November,  1748.  He  and 
his  wife  are  buried  at  Pequea  Church.  They  had  f(mr 
sons  and  two  daughters,  viz. :  William,  married  Mary 


Simpson;  Mary,  wif 
and  Captain  James,  nnmarriid 
James  McCauley.  Her  ^'lainU 
left  a  legacy  to  the  Pe(iuea  L^liu 
dollars,  and  five  thousand  dollar 
youngest  child,  and  grandfathei 
Rebecca  Smith,  May  27,  1779. 


Mr.  lirown;    Ale 


Hi 


ider 


orn  and 

spent  his  life  at  the  homestead.  He  was  a  man  of  | 
good  education  for  the  times,  and  was  often  called  i 
upon  to  transact  the  legal  busine.ss  among  his  neigh-  j 
bors.  The.  children  of  Isaac  and  Rebecca  McCamant  , 
were:  Mary,  wife  of  Daviil  Jenkins;  Isaac,  nmrried  I 
Eliz.abeth  Jenkins  ;  Alexander,  Jedediah,  and  James,  1 
n<pt  married  ;  Sarah,  wife  of  Samuel  I'.unn  ;  and  Elihu,  | 
who  married  Jlary  Shaner.  He'  was  born  at  the  home- 
stead .Iiine  1-i,  1788, 'ami  died  iMarch  20,  1854,  aged  l 
sixty-six.     His  wife  died  Aug.  27,  1S4U,  aged  forty-six.  I 


upon  the  por- 


To  Elihu  and  i"\lary  JlcCamant  were  born  one  .son 
and  si.\  daughters,  as  follows: 

Christiana,  wife  of  Thomas  Griffith,  a  retired  mer- 
chant at  Honey  Brook,  Chester  Co. ;  Rebecca,  wife  of 
William  McConnell,  retired  farmer  of  the  same 
place;  Mary,  deceased;  Hannah,  deceased;  Sarah, 
owning  and  occupying  the  Shippen  homestead  ; 
Eliza,  wife  of  Michael  Montgomery,  farmer  in  Xew 
London,  Chester  Co. ;  and  Isaac  S.,  their  second  child 
and  only  son.  He  received  his  primary  education 
under  a  private  tutor  at  home,  and  his  academic  and 
preparatory  at  Moscow  Academy,  under  the  manage- 
ment of  the  Rev.  Latta.  He  entered  the  juuinr 
year  at  Jefferson  College,  and  completed  in  due  time 
the  full  college  course,  but  on  account  of  failing 
health  was  obliged  In  leave  before  receiving  his 
diploma.  His  ill-health  followed  him  seven  years 
after  leaving  college.  After  regaining  his  health  he 
carried  on  merchandising  at  Mount  Pleasant  for  five 
years.  He  then  sold  out  and  settled  ou  the  home 
farm,  which  had  been  given  him  by  his  father.  He 
married.  May  11,  1848,  Mary  A.  daughter  of  James 
and  Lydia  McPhersou,  who  was  born  in  Upper 
Marion  townshi)),  Montgomery  Co.,  Oct.  12,  1825. 
Her  family  is  among  the  oldest  and  most  prominent 
in  Montgomery  County.  Mrs.  McCamant  was  a  grad- 
uate of  Phelps  Female  Academy,  Railway,  N.  J. 
Mr.  McCamant  carried  on  the  home  farm  until  18(J8, 
and  thereafter  engaged  extensively  in  stock  dealing 
in  connection  with  other  business.  He  carried  on 
also  the  lime  business.  In  later  years  he  became  in- 
terested in  the  store  at  Compassville,  Chester  Co., 
which  is  still  carried  on  by  his  only  son.  In  politics 
lie  was  a  stanch  Republican,  but  too  much  occupied 
with  his  own  business  afTairs  either  to  seek  for  or  to 
desire  public  ollice.  From  the  time  he  was  ten  years 
..Id  he  was  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  for 
111. 1st  .if  his  lil'e  of  the  Pe.piea  (Uiurch,  and  was  one 
.if  Its  niii-t  liber:.!  -n ppintcrs.  The  ])oor  always 
f.mii.l  in  Ml.  .M.  I  'aiiiaiit  a  li  ieii.l.  In  his  own  family 
he  was  the  .lev.ited  husband  and  affectionate  parent. 
Four  years  prior  to  his  death  he  practically  retired 
from  his  business,  devoting  much  of  his  time  to  as- 
sisting his  son  at  the  sf.ire  in  Compassville.  He  .lied 
at  his  h.mie,  of  typh.ii.l  pneum..nia,  after  an  illness 
of  only  five  day-,  Apiil  l<i,  iss.'i. 

The  chil.lreii  ..f  !-aa.:  S.  an.l  .Alary  A.  McCamant 
are  Mani.',  \\il.-  .it  D.ivis  Menougli,  merchant  at  Ox- 
ford, Cho-ter  ( '.1.  ;  I.y.lia,  wife  of  Thomas  J.  Gibson, 
fanner  in  ( '.ichraiisvill.',  Chester  Co.  ;  .lames  M.,  mer- 


i 


2^e='z^>'»«>^ 


^-Z^^":^    -^^^4^^^^^ 


SALISBURY    TOWNSHIP. 


Sallie,  wife   of    Dr.   L.   ^V.   Read 
MontgoiiKTy  Co.,  P;i..     Tiu-y  liail  u 


JOHN    LIXVn.L. 

John  LinVill  was  born  in  Salisbury  towiisbip,  Lan- 
caster Co.,  I'a.,  Aug.  2S,  1794,  the  lilth  in  a  laaiily  of 
twelve  children  of  William  and  Elizabeth  (Hoar) 
Liiivill.  The  tradition  in  the  family  is  that  the  first 
settlers  of  the  name  in  this  country  emigrated  from 
England  about  the  year  KiSO. 

William  Linvill,  grandfather  of  John,  by  trade  a 
shoemaker,  married  Mary  D.malilson,  Jan.  17,  175;;, 
and  lived  near  I'hila.lelphi.i,  in  a  place  tlien  called 
Darby.  Their  children  were  Frances  -Margaret, 
James,  Thonuis,  William,  Arthur,  Edward,  and  Eliz- 
abeth. William  Linvill,  the  grandfather,  died  April 
25,  178G.  His  wife  died  Aug.  0,  ISOl.  Both  are 
buried  in  the  Friends'  burying-ground  at  the  old 
Sadsbury  niceting-liuu-.e. 

Soon  after  the  cIom-  of  the  war  of  1S12  he  ].ur- 
cliased  a  large  tract  of  land  in  \Vcstern  Virginia,  aiuj 
held  it  for  a  number  of  ycar~.  visiting  the  region  on 
horseback  a  number  of  times.  Upon  one  of  these 
occasions  he  was  accompanied  by  his  son,  John  Lin- 
vill, the  latter  with  a  view,  if  pleased,  of  settling 
upon  it,  but  he  was  not  sulliciently  attracted  by  eitlier 
the  people  or  county  to  induce  him  to  renuiin  there. 
He  subsequently  purcluised  a  tract  of  land  in  Colum- 
bia County,  near  Catawissa,  which  was  held  in  the 
family  after  his  death. 

William  Linvill,  iaiher  of  John,  was  born  in  Darby, 
Dec.  2,  17(53.  When  a  boy  lie  aceomi.anied  his  uncle, 
William  Donaldson,  who  was  an  officer  in  the  army 
of  the  Revolution,  as  a  fifer.  He  first  came  to  Salis- 
bury, and  spent  a  winter  there  with  a  relative  while 
the  army  was  in  winter-quarters  at  Valley  Forge. 
By  trade  he  was  a  oari)enter,  and  followed  that  call- 
ing for  many  years.  After  the  war  he  moved  to  Sal- 
isbury township,  where,  Dec.  7, 17SG,  he  married  Eliz- 
abeth, daughter  of  Benjamin  and  Prudence  Hoar,  who 
were  among  the  earliest  residents  of  Salisbury  town- 
ship. Mrs.  Linvill  was  born  March  IG,  17G8.  He 
subsequently  moved  to  Paradise  township,  where  lie 
built  a  tannery,  and  carried  it  oji  up  to  the  time  of  ; 
his  death,  which  occurred  April  15,  1833.  His  wife 
died  Aug.  7,  1843.  Both  are  buried  in  Sadsbury 
Friends'  burying-ground.  Their  children  were  Ben- 
jamin, Mary,  William,  Arthur,  John,  Joshua,  Lydia, 
Eliza,  Solomon,  Sarah,  Thomas  H.,  and  Joseph.  All 
were  married  and  raised  families  except  Lydia,  Sarah, 
and  Jose]ih.  Lydia  and  Joseph  died  in  infancy.  All 
the  children  (1883)  are  deceased.   -Benjamin,  the  eld-  I 


L't  for  one  tern 


the 


Mr 


Linvill  was 

marriage  at  the 
•m  of  eighty-sLx; 
)rothers-in-law. 


est  son,  represented  hi 
Legislature  of  Pennsylvania. 

John  Linvill  spent  his  whole  life  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  hits  birthplace.  A  common  school  education 
was  supi)lemented  by  attendance  at  a  select  school  at 
Xew  Garden,  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  under  Enoch  Lewis  as 
principal.  He  learned  the  carpenter's  trade  of  his 
brother  Benjamin,  and  followed  it  about  eight  years. 
Hemarried  Feb.  15,  1821,  .Margaret,  daughter  of  Jos- 
eph and  Margaret  (Linvill)  Huar. 
born  Se|)t.  27,  1795. 

Mr.  Linvill  worked  one  year  afte 
carpenter's  trade,  then  ptirchased  a  I 
acres  of  Adam  and  William  Hoar,  hi 
which  he  carried  on  till  the  time  of  his  death.  He 
was  progressive  in  his  ideas,  being  among  the  first  in 
his  neighborhood  in  ado])ting  improvements  in  farm 
implements  and  machinery.  He  was  a  great  reader, 
and  a  good  cunversathmalist.  He  took  a  variety  ot 
periodical  literature,  and  kept  well  posted  in  the  cur- 
rent events  of  the  day.  He  was  not  easily  moved 
from  his  opinions  once  formed  of  either  men  or  meas- 
ures. Fie  was  piilitically  identified  with  the  Whig 
and  Re|]ublican  paities,  and  took  an  active  part  in 
their  support.  He  was  a  charter  member  of  the  Lan- 
caster C(mnty  Mutual  Insurance  Company,  and  a 
director  for  a  number  of  years.  He  took  out  the  first 
polic}'  issued  by  the  company.  He  took  a  deep  in- 
terest in  all  educational  matters,  and  was  a  stanch 
supporter  of  the  free  school  system,  and  a  school  di- 
rector in  his  locality  for  a  number  of  years.  He  en- 
joyed society,  and  always  contributed  liis  share  to  its 
enjoyment.  His  religious  predilections  were  with  the 
I'^-iends,  a  sect  of  which  his  father  was  a  member,  as 
were  also  his  wife's  family,  the  Hoars.  He  died  at 
his  residence  in  Salisbury,  Nov.  19,  1874.  His  wife 
survives  him,  living  at  the  homestead  with  her  son, 
Jghn  C.  Linvill,  at  the  advanced  age  of  eighty-seven 
years,  a  venerable  old  lady,  with  mental  and  physi- 
cal powers  remarkably  well  preserved.  To  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Linvill  were  born  children,  as  follows:  Sylves- 
ter D.,  born  June  7,  1823;  farmer;  residing  in  London 
Grove  townshi]),  Chester  Co.,  Pa.;  married  Sarah 
AValker;  nine  children,  six  living. 

Sarah  A.,  born  June  14,  1825;  wife  of  Samuel  L. 
Denney,  machinist,  living  near  Strasburg.  Mrs. 
Denney  died  Aiiril  20,  1873;  eleven  children. 

Margaret  Ann,  born  April  8,  1827;  wife  of  A. 
L.  Henderson,  farmer,  in  Salisbury  township;  four 
children. 

Adam  H.,  born  July  27,  1829;  farmer;  living  in 
Nebraska;   married  JIargaret  Hurst;  four  children. 

Joseph  D.,  born  Nov.  7,  1832;  died  July  4,  1834. 

John  Comly,  born  Oct.  21),  1834,  carrying  on  the 
home  farm. 

Aguila  K.,  born  Jan.  In,  1837;  died  Sept.  5,  1848. 

James  B.,  born  Oct.  12,  1839;  died  Sept.  G,  1848. 


HISTOKY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


(JHAPTER    LXXV 


'I' 


STKASl; 


This  townaliin  lies  in  the  .siuuli  central  part  ol  Lan- 
caster County,  :incj  is  lunmiled  en  lljo  iiurlh  !)>■  ICa-t 
and   West   Lampeter,   on   the  east,  by   I'araili.-e   ami 
Eden,  on  the  south  by  Eden  and  Providence,  and  (jn 
tlie  west  by   Providence  and  West  Lampeter.     The 
boundar/line  between  Strasburg  and  East  and  West  j 
Lain])eter  townships  is  the  natural  course  of  Pequea 
Creek,  and  between  Strasburg  and  Providence  town- 
ships is  Big  Beaver  Creek.     From  the  southern  e.x- 
tremity  of  the  township  a  direct  line  extends  north- 
ward about  one  mile,  and  thence  eastward  along  Eden 
townshi]j  about  two  miles  to  the  southwest  corner  of 
Paradise  township;  thence  northward  along  Paradise 
township  about  four  miles  to  Pequea  Creek.     The 
creek  boundaries  are  very  irregular  and  winding.     Its 
greatest  length  from  east  to  west  is  about  six  miles, 
and  from  north  to  south  about  five  and  one-lialf  miles, 
and  it  has  an  area  of  about  twenty-one  square  miles. 
Surface. — The   surface   of  Strasburg   township  is 
very   undulating,  and   in  some  portions  hilly.     Tlie 
general  slope  of  the  surfoce  is  from  east  to  west,  and 
is  divided  by  the  separate  ridges  extending  from  east 
to  west.     Commencing  at  the  north,  the  first  might 
be  called  Strasburg  Ridge,  upon  which   is  situated 
Strasburg  borough,  witli  an  elevation  of  jirobably  one 
hundred  feet  above  the  surface  of  Pequea  Creek.    The  \ 
top  of  this  ridge  is  about  one-half  mile  wide  on  an  I 
average,  the  sides  sloping  gradually  to  the  north  and 
south;  the  next   is  the  Bunker  Hill    Ridge,  which, 
near  the  eastern  boundary,  is  divided  into  two  spurs,  | 
having  a  general  elevation  of  about  one  hundred  and  i 
fifty  feet.     Tlie  tops  of  these  two  spurs  are  rather  \ 
narrow,  in  many  places  less  than  one  hundred  yards,  j 
then   sloping  off  very  abruptly  towards  the  valleys  | 
below.   The  most  southerly  and  most  elevated  of  these  i 
ridges  is  the  Mine  Hill  Ridge.     It  has  an  elevaticjn  of  I 
about   two   hundred    feet.     The    top  has  a  width  of 
about  one-fourth  of  a  mile,  and  the  sides  slope  rather  ; 
abruptly  towards  the  valleys  Ijelow.  ^ 

That  portion  of  tlie  townshij)  lying  north  of  a  line  ' 
running  nearly  east  and  west  through  the  borough  of  : 
Strasburg  slopes  northward,  and  is  drained  by  Pequea 
Creek  directly  and  by  several  small  tributaries  flow- 
ing into  it.     The  greater  portion  of  the  valley  lying  | 
between   the  Stra^^burg  and   Bunker  Hill    Ridges  is 
drained  by  Walnut  linn,  a  fine  stream  of  pure  spring 
water  flowing  almost  due  west  emptying  \ulo  Pequea 
Creek  near  Lime  Valley. 

Little  Beayer  Creek  and  its  branches  drain  that 
portion  lying  between  the  Bunker  Hill  and  Mine 
Hill  Ridges.  The  north  branch  of  it  is  furmed  by 
the  union  of  Calamus  Run  which  enters  this  town- 
ship from   Paradise  township   and  Hawthorn's  Run 


:lie  farm  of  Jacob  Hartiuan's  heirs 
ues  its  course  westward  and  north- 
Pequea  Creek  on   the  farm  of  "An 


Sh; 


That  portion  of  the  township  lying  south  of  the 
:\Iine  Hill  Ridge  is  drained  by  Big  lioaver  Creek  and 
a  few  small  tributaries  flowing  into  it. 

Soil. — That  portion  of  the  township  lying  north  of 
the  Bunker  Hill  Ridge  is  of  the  most  fertile  cal- 
careous or  limestone  soil,  particularly  that  portion 
bordering  on  Pequea  Creek,  which  is  known  through- 
out the  county  under  the  enviable  title  of  "Pequea 
soil."  Near  the  northern  boundary,  and  extending 
across  the  township  from  east  to  west,  is  a  narrow  belt 
of  silicious  or  flinty  soil  which  is  nevertheless  gener- 
ally very  fertile  and  productive,  except  in  very  dry 
seasons.  Bunker  Hill  Ridge  is  of  sandstone  forma- 
tion, yet  is  capable  of  being  made  very  fertile  and 
productive.  That  ijortion  lying  between  Bunker 
Hill  and  Mine  Hill  is  also  limestone  soil  but  ot  a 
more  sandy  nature,  very  fertile  and  productive.  Mine 
Hill  Ridge  has  also  soil  of  a  sandy  formation,  a  mix- 
ture of  silex  to  such  an  extent  that  many  of  the  rocks 
are  fusible  under  great  heat,  while  those  of  Bunker 
Hill  Ridge  are  infusible,  and  are  largely  sought  for 
lining  lime-kilns  and  other  furnaces  where  great  heat, 
is  required.  S(uUh  of  Miiie  Hill  along  Big  Beaver 
Creek  is  another  belt  of  limestone  soil  of  limited  ex- 
tent. 

Thoroughfares. — Probably  the  oldest  road  in  this 
tijvvnsliip  is  the  Gap  road,  which  was  doubtless 
laid  out  in  the  early  part  of  the  eighteenth  century 
as  a  road  from  Lancaster  to  the  city  of  Philadelphia. 

AiKJther  road  of  importance,  doui)tlcss  laid  out 
about  the  same  time,  is  the  Lancaster  and  Charles- 
lovtn  road,  extending  from  Lancaster  City  through 
Lampeter  Square,  crossing  the  western  part  of  Stras- 
burg townshii),  through  the  villages  of  IMartiiisville 
and  New  Providence,  to  Charlestown,  Md. 

The  Big  S|)ring  and  Beaver  Valley  turn|)ike  road, 
constructed  in  the  years  1858-59,  crosses  the  western 
part  of  the  township  from  north  to  south,  and  forms 
a  link  in  one  (jf  the  main  thoroughfares  leading  friun 
the  county  seat  to  the  southern  part  of  the  county. 

The  ^Vhite-uak  road  is  a  continuation  southward 
of  the  Strasburg  and  Smoketown  road,  making  a 
direct  route  from  Smoketown,  on  the  Olil  Ixoad, 
through  the  borough  of  Strasburg  to  the  southern 
and  southeastern  part  of  the  county. 

Owing  to  the  hillinc^-  of  tlie  country,  the  roads  in 
general  are  not  what  might  be  called  first-class,  but 
only  fairly'good. 

Name.— 'I'lie  name,  of  this  township  was  no  dnuht 
imported,  as  a  number  of  the  first  settlers  in  this 
vicinity,  namely  the  Lefevres  and  Ferrees,  lamc  Irmn 
the  eastern 


bur 


pai 
and  doul.l 


STRASBURG    TOWNSFIIP. 


1  og:^ 


their  native  town.  Until  1843  tlie  territory  now  em- 
briued  in  Pariuli.se  towiislii,,  was  incliulod  in  tlie 
townsliip  of  Strasbun;;,  and  was  sonu'Linies  called 
EastStraslnirs.  I 

Early  Settlers.— The  lullowin-  is  a  copy  ..r  tlie  ' 

receiiit   lor   the   aiuiual   riuit-renl    lor    two    thousand  I 
acres  of  land  : 


This  tract  of  land  was  patented  by  the  Proprieta- 
ries to  Daniel  Ferree  and  Isaac  Le  Fevre,  the  son 
and  son-in-law  of  said  Maria  Warenbauer,  and  bor- 
ders on  the  borough  of  Strsiaburg,  and  several  farms 
taken  therefrom  are  yet  in  pcssession  of  Lefevres, 
wiio  are  descendants  of  the  above-named  Isaac  Le 
Fevre,  the  name  now  being  spelled  Lefever.  The 
name  Lefever  is  very  numerous  all  over  the  county, 
•doubtless  all  are  descendants  of  this  family.  The 
name  Ferree  has  become  almost  extinct,  there  being 
but  two  of  the  name  in  the  "County  Directory,"  pub- 
lished in  1875,  but  the  name  Ferree  is  quite  common 
as  a  Christian  name  instead.  On  the  farm  of  Jacob 
L.  Ranck,  which  is  part  of  the  original  Ferree  tract, 
is  the  old  family  graveyard.  Jacob  .Miller,  in  the 
year  1711,  received  a  patent  for  one  thousand  acres 
which  lay  west  and  northwest  of  Straaburg  borough. 
The  southeast  corner  of  this  tract  is  now  owned  by 
Jacob  Miller,  a  descendant  of  the  original  Jacob 
Miller. 

About  the  same  time  one  thousand  acres  were  pat- 
ented to  Peter  Taylor,  upon  which  a  large  iiortion  of 
Strasburg  borough  now  stands.  The  balance  of  the 
tract  lies  south  and  east  of  Strasburg  borough.  There 
are  none  of  his  descendants  of  the  name  occupying 
any  portion  thereof.  Nearly  all  the  best  land  in  the 
township  was  settled   about  the  same  time  or  a  few 


A  few  hundred  yards  south  of  this,  on  the  road 
from  Strasburg  to  Mine  Ilill,  stands  wliat  in  the  early 
(lavs  of  the  colonics  was  known  as  "  Eshleman's  Rig 
Mi'n,''  now  known  as  the  "  Little  Red  Mill."  It  was 
linilt  by  .IjK-iib  LsliU'iiiaii  in  the  early  part  of  the  last 
century,  an<l  it  is  dimbtlcss  one  of  the  oldest,  if  not 
the  oldest,  mill  in  the  county.  But  it  is  rather  strik- 
ing to  know  the  dilference  between  the  present  ways 
of  looking  at  thing.s  and  the  ways  of  one  hundred 
and  fifty  years  ago.  Then  it  was  "Eshleman's  Big 
Mill,"  now  it  is  the  "  Little  Red  Mill."  The  first 
French  burrs  used  in  the  county  are  still   in  use  in 


In  1730  eleven  hundred  acres  were  patented  to 
John  Taylor  on  Reaver  Creek,  southern  portion  of 
the  township.  This  tract  is  largely  owned  and  occu- 
pied by  the  Eckmans,  but  no  part  of  it  is  owned  or 
occupied  by  a  Taylor,  a  fact  which  leads  to  the  belief 
that  tlie  Taylors  were  probably  not  inhabitants  of  the 
county.  The  remainder  of  the  township  was  scttleil 
by  the  FIcrrs,  (iralls,  IMilenians,  Hrrru mans,  Xdf,, 
Kendigs,  Hrackl.ills,  Hrubakers,  l!nckwalters,  Lea- 
mans,  Howrys,  Lanlzs,  Funks,  Ilostetlers,  and  : 
Barges.  Probably  the  oldest  house  now  in  the  town-  j 
ship  is  the  one  on  the  farm  of  John  G.  Tanger,  about 
one  mile  southeast  of  Stras'ourg  borough,  lately  occu- 
pied by  Dr.  .\braham  Kshlcinan,  a  descendant  of  the 
original  Esblomans,  It  is  a  large  frame  two-story 
building  with  a  mansard  roof.  It  is  said  to  have 
been  completed  about  the  Krst  or  second  decade  of 
the  last  century,  but  there  are  some  doubts  about  its 
being  as  old  as  this,  tlio'ugh  it  certainly  is  a  very  old 
building.     An  attachment  was  built  to  it  in  174i. 


It-roll  of  Strasbur 


78U,  at 


Mo=us   11,'unL 

.iHcubFonlz.Jr.  (Ijnlll). 

Dalsui  lk...knmn. 

Jacob  l-rilz(l  still). 

John  BoMkniiiii. 

Jol,nF,ee,la.n.er(lDeBro). 

MiclMirl  How,.r(l»tMI). 

Valentine  Fonilersuiitb. 

Ile„j„n,i„  llr.ickbill 

Jacob  Fraolicb, 

Jnc.O  Ilniali,  Sr. 

Davui  Free. 

Jneul,  Hiii„l,,  Jr. 

Joseph  Freo. 

JaDH-sn,ovvii. 

Daniel  Free. 

Henry  Uushtimn  (1  still). 

JohnGralt.  . 

I'hilil)  be iir  (miller). 

Kberhart  Gruber. 

Henry  Uownmn  (1  still). 

Benjamin  Graft. 

Jolui  Brackl.ill. 

Widow  Graft.  . 

Micliacl  Buiver,  Jr. 

John  Grubb. 

Jacol.  liuukman. 

Nicholas  IIoll. 

Diiniei  IJowiiirtn. 

Jacob  Hill. 

Jolin  llarley. 

Daniel  Houston  (1  negro). 

Ile.ny  I),,,suner. 

Peter  Holl. 

Juliii  Diar  (woaver). 

Kmannel  Hare. 

JoknBncklj. 

Noah  Ilauge. 

WnlMW  B.,rj;e. 

.\bram  Hare  (2  mills). 

Jacolj  Brubaker. 

Michnol  Haas. 

J<,lin  Urubaker. 

Jacob  H.over  (weaver). 

Jol.n  Bear. 

Martin  Hare. 

John  Brnah. 

Jacob  Howrr 

Jolin  Bear  (miller). 

John  Howry. 

Bliclniel  Buck. 

John  Hare,  miller  (2  mills). 

X;hrisliMn  Bnwer. 

Jacob  Hoover  (farmer). 

HiiU,er  Bernard  (1  saw-mill). 

ConraJ  Hoak. 

Henry  Hear. 

Henry  Hoover. 

Jac.b  Bear. 

John  Hare,  Sr. 

(-■„„, „,1  Cam. 

Samuel  Hathorn. 

Alexander  Unuter. 

Willliim  Cl.ilU. 

William  Huggons. 

K„l.,-il  ri,ailu-n. 

Samuel  Huggons. 

Jiilin  Carl-enter. 

Andrew  Heikes. 

John  Helm. 

.M-ran,  Ca.l.enter. 

Henry  Icebarger. 

John  Driver. 
Jacob  Ecknian 
Henry  Eckniai 
Jolin  Ecknian. 


Jacob  Kcndrick. 
Abram  Kendrick. 
Jacob  Kiuney  (I  negro). 
Philip  K caster. 
-Jacob  Lurtwig  (miller). 
John  Longouecker. 
Eilmund  Lindnor. 
Pefer  Ijolevre  (1  mill). 
John  Lefevre. 
Samuel  Lefevre, 

■William  Logan. 
*  Jacob  Ludwig,  Jr. 

Peter  Moser. 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY 


Jol.M  SI, 


vas  .livideil  into  li.ts,  ; 

ml  ilisposf.l  of  by  h 

Itery,  a 

■ery  toiiimun  way  nltn, 

isactin-biisiii,-sal  tl 

at  lime. 

It  iiKiybe  (lillicull  to  r(< 

oiicih'  such  arts  with 

Ihetra- 

litional  |»irly  an.l  rrli-i 

in  of  ,,ur  ania-s|or,s,  1 

iit  each 

iiii-t  M.lv,,   tlu'   pr,il,|.Mi, 

lor    Inn, stir.      N,,   a| 

ilo-y  is 

int.  (.ir.TL-a  l?.r  tin.  -i.c 

■ir-  of  j.raiiibliii-.     T 

!•   town 

las    lloiiii-li.M    iin.ln     \ 
~!nml    llor^i'    prdlialiU- 

1  ONI    tin-    iiaiiii'  of  th 

J-    them 

a  sorrel 

.or>e.    lt-i.rr-.-i,tn:unr 

^.Martinsvillr.doiihll 

-Strom 

Ik;   iiaiiK'  (iC  the   |,o-,t-ii 

i.-c    ill    Ihr    |ihirr,   wh 

ih  was 

liiini-d  alter  .lacub   Mai 

in,  wlio   kept  store  tl 

ere  and 

v:is   i)Ostinaster.      It  i( 

itaiiis    about   twelve 

bouses. 

I'lie  business  interest-  n 

the  town  area  largo 

country 

lore,  ^vaKOllnl:lk("r■^bo| 

and  blaeksmitli-shoi 

Refton.— This  viMaui 

lo-  ill  Ihesoiithwe-l 

ru  part 

!  ville  Braiieh  of  the  Kea.lmg  Railroad,  about  nine 
;  miles  south  of  Lancaster  City.  The  Big  Spring  and 
Heaver  Valley  Turnpike  also  |,asses  through  the 
place.  It  was  laid  out  iii  the  vear  !,S7;,  bv  Daniel 
llerr  (I'ripiea!,  It  1,  a  beautiful  small  town,  built 
piincipallv  of  woo.l,  there  being  but  one  stone  and 
one  brick  building  in  it.  The  buMucs  iu-litulion-  of 
I  the  place  are  a  country  .store,  po.-t-ollicc,  lailroail  sta- 
tion, coal- and  lumber-yard,  cigar  fietoiv,  blacksmith- 
and  coach-shop,  and  con  leetionerv.  The  "  fireen 
Tree  Hotel"  i-  alu.nt  oiieei-hlh  of  a  mile  south  of 
the  place.  It  aUo  contains  an  undenominational 
church.  Large  quantitie-  of  while  lime  of  \ery  supe- 
rior quality  are  shipped  from  here  by  li.  F.  Ilerr, 
who    has    extensive    .inairic-    and    kilns  about  llirce- 

I  one  hundred. 

Education  and  Schools.— Strasburg- township  has 

I  ters,  and  the  general  intelligence  ol  the  people  of  the 
township   to-day  attests  this  lact.      Years   before   any 

isted,  the   teachers   of  this   township,    in   eonncctiou 
with  those  of  the   borough,  under   the    leadership  of 
■  David   Kieffer  and    Amos    Rowe,  who   were   leading 
GcMgo  jHcli.  I  teachers  at  tbatdav,  held  regular  meetings  in  District 

•^^rMctiCy.  i  Institute,  in  the  township  and  borough",  for  the  pur- 

).;.,i,,  lliins.  P"'*^  of    mutual    improvement   and    interchange    of 

Hciieii  w.ti.  '  opinions,  and  as  a  direct  result  of  these  meetings  we 

Wiiiiaiii  Whuisun.  ;  i|.|^,y   (|,g   largeijt  and   must  earnest  and  enthusiastic 

\vi,K,w  .s„ii,i,.,,  j;,Mi.»  Mi'.iai..ii.  ,  Laiunty  Institute  in  the  State.     The  soliool-liouses  of 

I'etirst.iM.inau  t he  d istrict  are  aiiiong  the  most  complete  and  ornate 

in  the  county,  and  the  older  ones  are  being  rebuilt  as 
Villages  and  Hamlets.— About  the  year  1,S3.5  the  ra|iidly  as  possible  without  making  taxation  burden- 
village  of  Lecsburg,  in  the  southern  part  of  the  town-  some.  The  board  of  directors  will  employ  no  teacher 
ship,  was  laid  out  by  .lolin  Nell',  son  of  Jacob  Xetf,  or  who  does  not  hohl  either  a  Normal  School  diploma  or 
Nieli;  who  was  the  oiiginal  of  that  name  in  this  lo-  peiniaiient  eertiliiate,  so  that  for  the  past  live  or  six 
cality.  I'revions  to  that  time  a  few  houses  had  been  years  there  lias  been  no  examinalioii  of  teachers  held 
built  there,  lie  purchased  the  land  from  f:lnistiaii  in  this  district.  The  distriit  luinishes  freely  all  books 
Shaiib,  a  ilesceudant  of  the  original  ,S'r/,a/v>,  who  c.ime  and  educational  appliances  used  in  the  schools,  so 
here  in  the  early  part  of  the   last  century.     The  land      that   they  are   in    the    fullest   sense   of  the    word    free 


Clin. linn  Sl.ullz 

lV_„„„a,.,ll,.rly 
J.uub  liuw.j. 

I1..111J  SIcner. 
G.,„B.Smi,h. 

Al.lHM.  li>j«x-r. 
Tl„..n,.»  Koany. 

Geurgo  Swulzley. 
Ju,:ut,  S,un„.l,.,rg«r. 
\Vkl„w  Slui.U. Ke 

Jiin.ca  Iviug. 
Suniiii-1  Li.-11-vre. 
Ak.xei  ..!,.,  Wliite 

Potfi-  SlioWiiJI. 

J., Ill,    W-.l-OMlT. 

M,>tli«w  Sl,.j.„,uker. 
John  Slu.VjniikBi. 

J.,l,n  l:.'»ur. 
I'fl..,  Kcliii,uii. 

Willi.iMi  SUiyni„li«r  ( 

I   Dllll). 

Cli,i»t,iin  ltu,iab. 

STRASBURG    TOWNSHIP 


1065 


humblest 
\\  I'outiiiK 


llie 


schools,  where  the  son  or  daiightfr 
and  poorest  hewer  of  wood  stamlh  c 
with  those  of  themillioiKiJre. 

Probably  the  ohlot  scliool-liouse  i 
which    there     is    any    reri.ni   \va>     tl 
Church,"  which    iiiilil   a    lew  years 
cross-roads  about  one  and  a  lialf  miles  sniitlica-t  of 
Strasburg  borougli,  where  the  .Mine  Hill  ruad  ami  the 
road  from  California  Store  to  .S(mderbburg  eru^s  each  ' 
other,     ft  is  about  im[>ossible  to  ascertain  just  when  { 
it  was  built,  but  there  are  records  in  existence  wliich  ! 
show   lluititwas  used   as  a   place  of  worship  by  the 
Lutheran  and  German  Reformed  Churches,  and  as  a 
school-lnjuse  prior   to  1795.     After  the  enactment  of 
the  common-school  law  it  was  rented  by  tjie  district, 
and  kept  as  a  free  school. 

-■Vnother  very  ohl  house,  long  since  removed,  was 
situated  in  the  (Tcrmaii  Reforjned  churchyard  near  \ 
New  Providence;  it  was  built  by  the  church  about 
1797  or  'US.  It  was  under  the  auspices  of  the  church,  [ 
but  was  not  a  denominational  school.  .-Vn  old  man, 
now  ill  his  nincty-si.xth  year,  says  that  the  benches 
and  desks  were  made  of  saw-mill  slabs.  ' 

.\bout  one  mile  north  of  this,  on  the  farm  now  i 
owned  by  JIartiii  Shirk,  was  another  liouse,  made  of  | 
hewn   logs,  of   about    the    .same  pattern    as   the    last 


preini. 


\   by  Benjamin  Fl 
ith   of  Strasburg, 


about  one  and  a  half  n 
another  of  the  same  kind. 

About  this  time  much  of  the  teaching  was  done  in 
the  family  by  itinerant  teachers  in  the  employ  of 
several  adjoining  families.  Some  few  farmers  had 
the  required  literary  ability  to  teach,  and  took  pupils 
into  their  liun  houses  during  the  winter  season,  and 
here  |ir(il>alily  a  little  riniiance  may  not  be  amiss.  A 
certain  lainier,  whose  name  need   not  be  mentioned, 

bought  a  |)ig  IVoiii  one  of  his  paticms,  he  asked  that 
it  be  sent  to  his  holi^e  by  (Jiie  of  the  pupils,  a  boy . 
The  next  morning,  bright  and  early,  the  liltle  lellow 
put  the  |)ig  ill  a  bag  and  carried  it  oil  to  school  ; 
arriving  liiere  and  entering  the  hou,-,e,  he  ^aw  to  his 
utter  astonishment  a  tiny  girl  baby  in  .a  basket  be- 
hind the  stove.  The  Irach.a-  proposed  thai  he  shoul.l 
have  the  baby  lor  the  |0g,  the  baby  to  b<-  his  wife 
when  they  li..th  greu  up  to  he  man  and  woman.  The 
sequel  was  that  they  aelually  did  becmie  man  and 
wile,  and  raise<l  a  numerous  and  highly-intelligent 
family.  The  man  is  living  to-day,  surrounded  by  lov- 
ing children  and  grjuulchildren,  and  though  the  frosts 
of  seventy-three  winters  have  whitened  his  hair,  he  is 
blessed  with  all  his  mental  hiculties  and  all  the  com- 
lorl,s  of  life,  and  in   the  best  of  humor  told  this   little 


At  tin 
iw  thei 


Valley  (Dutch  Church),  Bell,  Winter  Hill,  Sand- 
stone, Fairview,  and  South  Prospect.  To  these  have 
since  been  added  South  Prospect  Primary,  North 
Pn.s|>e(?t,  and  Walnut  Itiin.  Of  llie>c.  Walnut  Run, 
North  I'ruspeel,  Wniler  Hill,  and  San.l-loiie  •  are 
m.,dels   in  all   ih.Mr   apiioinl  luent-,.      Tlirv  have    l.ase- 


I..': 


.he  h. 


all  parts.  They  have  ante-rooms,  in  which  all  e.xtra 
clothing  and  dinner-kettles  are  left  as  the  pupils  ar- 
rive in  the  morning.  .\11  the  houses  in  the  district 
have  first-class  furniture. 

Religion  and  Churches.— This  townshi))  was  orig- 
inally settled  by  Swiss  Jlennonites,  and  their  descend- 
ants inhabit  the  place  to-day.  In  1812  were  added  to 
the  colonies  the  I'amilies  of  Daniel  Ferree  and  Isaac 
Le  Fever,  wdio  were  Walloons  of  Steinmeister,  in  the 
Palatinate  of  the  Rhine,  who  came  here  armed  with  a 
certificate  of  church  niemberslii[)  from  the  pastor  and 
ileacons  of  llie  Reformed  Walloon  Church  of  Pelican, 
in  the  Lower  Palatinate. 

In  churches,  as  with  schools,  the  first  one  of  wdiich 
we  have  atiy  authenticated  record  is  the  old  Dutch 
Church  above  mentioned.  It  was  built  by  the  Lu- 
theran and  German  Reformed  Churches  in  the  latter 
part  of  the  last  century,  and  both  worshiped  in  it  until 
1795,  when  dispute  arose  and  they  dissolved  the  part- 
nership, the  Lutherans  retaining  the  property.  Prior 
to  this  lime  the  German  Reformed  Cluirch  liad  become 
strong  in  the  souther'n  part  of  the  township,  worship- 
ing in  houses  and  barns.  In  1795  or  '96  the  original 
Zion's  Church  was  built,  about  one-fourth  mile  north 
of  New  Providence.  It  was  built  of  sandstone  and 
had  a  gallery.  This  served  the  congregation  until 
1868,  when  it  was  still  in  good  condition  but  too  small 
for  the  congregation.  In  1868  the  old  building  was 
torn  down,  and  a  line  brick  edifice  was  erected  in  its 
stead.  It  C(juta;ns.a  lecture-room,  where  the  Sab- 
bath-school meets,  and  a  regular  service-room.  The 
choir-gallery  i,-,  supplied  with  a  fine  cabinet  organ. 
The  <-liuicli  and  Sabhalh-sehool  are  both  in  tlouiish- 
iiig  condition. 

The  regular  Old  .Mennonite  Church  is  situated  a 
few  hundred  yards  west  of  Strasburg,  and  lias  a  very 
large  congregation  and  Sabbath-school.  It  is  more 
fullv  described  in  another  part  of  this  work. 

Prior  to  thy  erection  of  this  eliurch  the  .Meiinonites 
worshiped  in  houses  and  barns,  one  of  which,  about 
one  half  mile  south  of  the  prcent  church,  is  now 
owned  by  Henry  Keener.  It  was  built  about  the 
middle  of  the  last  century  by  Rev.  John  Herr,  a  son 
of  Euiamiel  Herr,  who  was  one  of  the  live  .sons  of 
Han,   Herr,  who  came  here   in    1710.      In  building  it 

lioiise  upon  a  rock. 

There  is  an  un.len.miinational  ehundi  in  the  village 
ol  Keftoii,  which  has  no  regular  pastor  assigned  to  il. 
There  is  a  Sabhath-scl.ool  regularlv  held  in  it. 


inotj 


HISTORY    OF   ].ANCASTKR   COUNTV. 


Burial-Places.-l'ri.ir  U>  the  eriTli.m  <if  cliiiiclu-.s 
muiKTousMiiall  lH,ri;,l-|,l:Hvs,,xiMedi.Hlu.luun.l,i|.. 
TlKTc  i.-,  ,me  .,n  tlu-  r,,r,n  n„w  ,.w,ir,l  hy  Jacol,  L. 
Ivuiuk,  wherein  mo  iloiiiil  lie  Ihe  reiiiaiiis  (if  tlic  ori^- 
iiuil  Ffiree,^  who  came  to  thi^  loiiiitry.  Heside  the 
North  ,<tar  ^choul-hou^e  i>  the  old  Lefever  htirial- 
fe-round,  where  rest  the  un^iiial  Lelevers.  Ahotit 
ihree-fourtlis  of  ;i  luile  north  ol  Stra-biiig,  on  the 
Suioketowii  ro:id,  is  the  old  IJoweiy  {.'ra\evard.  Tlie 
original  Grfttl's  wlio  came  to  this  country  are  buried 
in  theold  Methodist  graveyard  in  Slra.sburg  borough. 
There  is  also  a  graveyard  where  the  old  Dutch  Cluirch 
Btood.  Probably  the  largest  isolated  burial-place  is 
BrackbiU's,  wdiicli  is  on  the  fartii  now  owned  by  Elias 
JJrackbill,  about  one  mile  southwest  of  Slrasburg 
borough.  Prior  to  the  erection  of  the  German  Re- 
formed Cliiircli,  and  for  some  time  afterwards,  the 
Reformed  biiryitig-ground  was  on  the  original  NetF 
farm,  now  owned  by  Pliares  Weaver;  one  on  the 
farm  of  Daniel  Herr  (Pequea),  and  one  on  the  farm 
of  Christian  Good,  and  there  are  doubtless  some 
smaller  ones  entirely  lost.  All  of  these  except  How- 
ery's  are  sadly  neglected,  and  it  is  only  a  matter 
of  time  when  they  will  be  entirely  lost,  and  the  plow 
will  turn  the  dust  of  those  who  centuries  ago  carried 
on  the  industries  of  the  world. 

The  churches  are  all  |irovided  with  biirying- 
groimds,  which  are  well  preserved. 

Branches  of  Industry.— B.  D.  Moyer's  mill  was 
erected  between  1759  and  1769,  the  e.xact  year  can- 
not be  ascertained.  The  land  was  originally  patented 
to  Jacob  Miller,  June  30,  1711.  Joseph  Haines  sold 
it  to  John  Herr,  June  28,  1759,  at  which  time  there 
was  only  a  saw-mill  on  the  ground.  On  April  6,  17G9, 
John  Herr  and  wife  conveyed  to  their  son,  Abraham 
Herr,  the  mill  and  saw-mill.  He  held  it  until  the 
time  of  his  death,  in  1800,  when  it  came  into  the 
hands.of  his  son  John,  who  died  in  1822,  while  the 
mill  was  being  rebuilt,  and  it  descended  to  his  son 
.^amuel,  his  <jnly  heir.  He  held  it  until  183(3,  and 
died  withcmt  issue,  leaving  a  widow,  Fanny,  who  held 
the  property  until  1839,  when  she  married  Heniy 
Herr.  On  Feb.  10,  1845,  Henry  Herr  and  v\ile  con- 
veyed it  to  Henry  Miller,  who  tlie  same  day  recon- 
veyed  it  to  Henry  Herr.  On  March  30,  1800,  Henry 
Herr  and  wife  conveyed  it  to  Daniel  K.  Herr,  who  on 
April  1,  1874,  omveyed  it  to  B.  D.  Moyer,  its  present 
owner,  lis  maehinery  is  driven  by  two  improved 
turbine-wheeU,  lujining   four  pair  ol'  French   burrs. 


bu-ii 


I'hnaiiuel  Nell's  mill  is  situated  on  Peijuea  Creek, 
iinie.lialely  below  Moyer's.     It  is  a  three-story  stone 

riieiiiie,  with  its  power  furnished  by  Pequea  Creek 
lid  a  twenty  horse  power  engine.  It  was  built  in 
797  hy  Wendal  Bowman,  who  iiiiled,  and  the  prop- 
rtv  was  sold.  In  1820'  it  came  into  the  po.^es- 
ion  of   t'hnstian   Braekbill,   in    whose  name  it  was 


kept  until  1874,  when  it  was  purchased  hy  Henry 
Nelf.  uho  held  it  iiiilil  his  death,  ill  1S,S1.  In  ;\pril, 
ISSl,  It  was  conveyed  to  it.  present  owner,  Emanuel 
Nelf, 

B.  F.  .Miisselmairs  mill  was  built  about  the  yelir 
1810,  by  .laeob  (in. If.  U  is  a  three-story  structure  of 
stime  to  the  square,  and  frame  above.  It  is  propelled 
by  Little  Beaver  Creek,  or  rather  the  north  branch  of 
it,  upon  an  over.>hot-wlieel.  On  April  8,  1811,  Jacob 
Grolf  and  wife  conveyed  it  to  John  Grot!.  On  April  1, 
181(5,  John  Groflfand  wife  conveyed  it  to  Abram  Grolf. 
Abrani,  by  deed  dated  Feb.  1,  1837,  conveyed  it  to 
Henry  Musselman,  who  held  it  until  the  time  of  his 
death.  On  April  1,  1872,  Henry  Musselman's  execu- 
tors conveyed  it  to  Henry  Nelf,  and  Henry  Neff  and 
wife,  on  JIarch  27,  1873,  conveyed  it  to  B.  V.  Mu.ssel- 
nian,  the  present  owner, 

B.  B.  Herr's  is  another  very  old  mill,  located  in  the 
extreme  northeastern  partol  Strasburg  township.  It 
is  propelled  by  Pequea  Creek.  The  records  are  diffi- 
cult of  access,  and  no  definite  account  can  be  given 
concerning  it.  The  original  mill  is  still  standing, 
and  must  be  at  least  one  hundred  and  twenty-five 
years  old.  About  the  beginning  of  the  present  cen- 
tury the  present  mill  was  built  a  few  rods  below  the 
old  one.  The  premises  have  been  in  the  Herr  family 
for  at  least  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  years,  and 
there  is  not  much  doubt  that  the  mills  were  both 
built  by  them. 

C.  W.  Shultz's  mill,  on  Big  Beaver  Creek,  about 
one-half  mile  west  of  Martinsville,  was  built  about 
the  year  1790  by  John  Barr.  He  was  succeeded  after 
many  ye.irs  by  Benjamin  Barr,  who  was  succeeded  by 
Christian  Shultz,  who  died  in  1876,  when  it  passed 
into  the  hands  of  Christian  W.  Shultz,  its  present 
owner.  From  the  first  it  has  been  opl^rated  by  its 
owners,  and  never  on  lease.  It  is  both  a  merchant 
and  custom  mill  ;  is  three-story,  built  of  stone  to  the 
square,  the  to|)  is  wood.  It  was  entirely  rebuilt  and 
remodeled  in  1881.  Its  power  is  Big  Beaver  Creek, 
on  two  overshot-wheels. 

Hawthorn's  mill  wa-,  built  about  the  beginning  of 
the  present  century,  near  the  beuil-waters  of  the  south 
branch  of  Little  Beaver.  It  is  three-story,  built  of 
stone.  It  was  rarely  operated  by  its  owners,  but  nearly 
always  on  lease.  It  has  since  been  owned  by  15.  B. 
Gouder  and  Thomas  E.  Franklin,  Esq.,  its  present 
owner.  It  has  two  runs  of  stones,  one  lor  Hour,  and 
one  pair  of  choppers. 

Trout's  mill,  formerly  Nefl''s,  was  built  in  the  early 
part  of  the  present  century  by  John  Nell',  who  was 
alter  some  years  succeeded  by  his  son,  .lolin  Nelf, 
who  emigrated  and  joined  the  .Mormons  near  the 
close  of  the  fi^st  half  of  the  piv^ent  .eiiliiiy.  In  Ik;:^ 
the  property  was  conveyed  to  its  present  owner, 
Henry  F.  Trout.     The  mill  is  a  two-story  stone  and 


le  structure,  with  or 
hoppers,  propelled  by  a  br 


of  burrs  and  one  p.air 
ch  of  Little  Be.iver 


STRASBUUG    TOWNSHIP 


At  the   en^t  oiul  uf  tlie  boroui; 
borou-h   liiniK,  iii-L-  Iwo  larL'^'  l.'a: 


UK,  iii-L-  iw.)  larL'c'  I. 'at  t..lia.-co  ^-siaMi-li- 
iiieiits,  one  owned  by  A.  J.  droll'  aii.l  K.  C.  Mus-,,!- 
inaii,  trudnis  ;is  (iroti'  A  Mii.->eliiiaii,  ami  the  oiIi.t 
by  Philip  r.eb/.eker.  Tliev  are  l,nLl,  lai-e  two-.-loiy 
brick  building'-.,  and  a  larire  amouiii  of  leaf  tul.aero 
isiuuiually  packed  therein. 

Abonl  midway  between  New  Proviileiiee  and  Mar- 
tinsville are  ijuile  extensive  euaeh-worka,  carried  on  by 
the  Baldwin  Brolher.-i.  A  liltle  farther  south,  on  the 
same  road,  was,  luuil  a  lew  years  a^o,  a  larj;e  tannerv, 
owned  and  carried  on  by  Philip  Miller.  The  hnM- 
ness  was  a  few  years  Mfjo  di^continneil,  and  Ihe  vats 
iiave  been  torn  np. 

The  leading  public  men  of  the  township  are  Daniel 
Herr  (Perineal,  who  was  born  about  1SI5,  in  West 
Lampeter  lowii-hip.  lii^  lather  was  the  Rev.  Chris- 
tian llerr.  He  niairied  Ann  C,  daughter  of  Henry 
Hreiienian,  late  ol  .Stra-burg  township,  deceased.  He 
served  lor  many  years  as  school  director,  and  always 
took  great  interest  in  the  advancement  of  the  schools 
of  the  township.  In  ISoG  he  was  elected  to  the  office 
of  county  treasurer.  About  18G7  he  was  elected  mie 
of  the  directors  of  the  poor.  He  is  also  a  director  of 
the  Northern  Jlutual  Fire  Insurance  Company,  and 
also  of  the  Lancaster  Ccmnty  JNIutual  Hail  Insurance 
Company.  He  has  always  been  a  leader  in  new 
enterjiriscs,  most  ol  whicli  were  successful,  while  a 
few  failed.  The  poor  and  deserving  around  him 
always  found  liis  liand  and  purse  ready  to  help  when 
help  was  needed  and  deserved.'  John  F.  Ilerr  was 
born  about  the  year  1S20.  He  has  always  been  a 
prominent  public  man.  His  father  was  John  Herr, 
wlio  was  the  founder  of  the  New  .Mennonite  C'hnreh, 
an  oflf'shoot  of  the  Mennonite  Church,  the  geruj  of 
which  was  planted  here  in  1709.  He  was  educated 
in  private  schools  and  at  the  old  Strasburg  Academy. 

From  his  earlie.-t  .lays  he  was  an  apt  student, 
eagerly  devc.niiii-  everything  literary  which  came 
into  his  possession,  and  he  is  lo-d.iv  ..ne  of  the  best- 
read  Scripture  students  in  tint  county,  excepting  col- 
lege-bred students  of  thetdogy ,  ami  he  has  lepeatedly 
crossed  swords  with  those,  and  not  iinlie.inL-ntly  to 
their  discomfiture.  He  served  h.r  a  number  of  years 
on  the  .school  In.ard  of  Strasburg  township,  and  the 
common  schools  have  alway.s  louml  in  him  a  strong 
advocate  and  a  linn  fneiid.  He  was  eha-led  to  thr 
Legislature  in  Is.Vl,  ami  s.tvmI  one  Ivnu.  For  a 
period  of  about  lueiity  years  he  was  at  the  head  of 
the  management  ol  the  Strasburg  Railroad,  ami 
would  doubtless  be  there  yet  but  for  the  destrueiive 
eonflagration  of  Jan.  16,  1S71,  which  destroyed  llieir 


|S7ri,  the  Strasburg  Kailr.iad  a 
^ol.l,  he  I'rtired  to  his  lann,  abi 
of  Strasburg,  to  the  cultivation  ol 


1067 

he  has  since  given  his  closest  attention.  His  wife 
was  Martha  Mn-s,  r,  daughter  of  Dr.  Martin  Mnsser, 
by  wlioiii  he  has  thr.-e  sons  and  two  daughters. 

Daniel  ilrliii,  anolln'r  representative  nnm  otStras- 
buig  towiiship,  was  born  in  the  year  181Q.  He  dili- 
gently availe.l  himself  of  such  means  of  edncatiim 
as  the  very  rudimentary  schools  of  his  early  days 
adbrded.  He  served  in  almost  every  oflice  which 
the  citizens  of  the  township  could  give,  commencing 
with  road  supervisor.  For  many  years  he  was  as- 
sessor, and  from  our  own  youngest  days  at  school, 
now  about  thirty-five  years  ago,  we  remember  of  Mr. 
Helm  visiting  the  schools  as  director,  and  he  has 
served  almost  continuously  since.  He  always  had  a 
kind  word  for  the  boys  and  girls  and  the  teacher, 
and  no  one  was  more  welcome  as  school  visitor  than 
he.  He  has  been  twice  nuirried,  and  has  reared  a 
large  and   more  than    ordinarily   intelligent   family, 

eral  teachers. 

From  his  boyhood  he  has  been  a  member  of  Zion's 
Reformed  Church  at  New  Providence  for  mai^y  years 
l)ast,  standing  in  close  relation  to  the  pastor,  and  has 


irlv   b 


ire  fai 


hip  are  the  Bacli- 
Eshlemans.  Eck- 
i.    Hoovers,    Hns- 


succeeded  in  drawing 
the  church. 

The  leading  farmers  of  the  towi 
mans,  Brenemans,  Books,  Bishop: 
mans,  Esbenshades,  Groffs,  Her 
tetters,  Leamans,  Mellingers,  Lefevers,  Shanbachs, 
Tangers,  and  with  soil  and  facilities  as  are  here  at 
liand,  there  is  no  reason  why  Strasburg  township 
should  not  lead  her  sister  townships  in  almost  every- 
thing that  inure,  to  the  beiiellt  and  hap)dness  of 
mankind. 

About  the  year  1X55  Daniel  Herr  (Pequea)  com- 
menced the  burning  of  white  lime  or  building  lime 
(ni  his  premises  in  the  southwestern  part  of  the  town- 
ship. When  he  erected  his  first  perpetual  or  draw- 
kiln  a  great  many  of  his  neighbors  shook  their  heads 
in  distrust,  and  feared  that  it  would  financially  injure 
"  I'eipiea  Dan,"  as  he  was  familiarly  known  in  this 
part  of  the  county,  liut  he  knew  that  there  were  im- 
mense deposits  ol  white  liniestone  lying  useless  on  his 
lands,  ami  also  that  there  wotdd  be  a  ready  sale  for 
all  he  could  Imrn  at  remunerative  prices.  His  first 
(.Hurt  was  not  a  smcess,  as  the  wiseacres  knew  it 
wouldn't  be;  but  alter  making  some  changes  in  liis 
kilns  they  provrd  all  right,  and  he  commenced  turn- 
ing out  an  article  ol  very  superior  quality  for  huild- 
iiiL'  purposes,  ami  Heir's  Pequea  lime  soon  came  to 
be  almost  a  houselHild  word  throughout  the  comity, 
and  even  from  bevoml  the  borders  of  the  State  came 
teams  for  it.  Soon  his  success  was  envied  by  others, 
who  eoiiuneneed  luiniing  an  in  liaim  arl  iele  oi  Pequea 
lime,  being,  of  eonrs,.,,,bln:ed  to  drop  thr  distiiiguish- 
in-  name  of  llrrr's.     In  ISiil  !,..  tiaiist'.-nvd  the  eiiler- 


ied 


nil   tin 
led   by 


HISTORY    OF    LANOASTI:k    COUNTY. 


tinned  tlie  business  until  1872  or  3873,  wlien  he  trans- 
ferred it  to  B.  F.  Herr,  who  conducts  it  at  tlie  present 
diiy'in  a  set  of  Icilns  erected  on  the  farm  of  Andrew 
liurr,  near  the  old  stand. 

Mines.— There  are  in  the  townshii.  four  iron  ore 
mines,  the  oldest  being  wliat  is  generally  ku<iwii  as 
JOby's,  about  two  and  one-half  miles  soutli  of  Stras- 
bnrg,  which  was  worked  in  the  early  part  of  the 
present  century,  and  was  then  abandoned.  About 
tlie  year  18G2  fir  1803  work  was  again  connnenced  by 
the  Plwenix  Iron  Com|)any,  who  had  leased  it  i'rom 
tlie  owner,  Ciiristian  Eby.  It  was  then  worked  for  u 
period  of  aViont  eight  years,  and  wus  again  abandoned, 
sijice  which  nothing  has  been  done.  The  ore  is  of 
very  superior  quality,  but  is  difficult  to  mine. 

The  next  mine  opened  in  the  township  was  that  of 
Daniel  llerr  (Pequea),  adjoining  the  present  town  of 
Jteflon.  It  was  opened  about  the  year  1845,  but  was 
not  exteiiMvely  worked  until  about  1.8G2  or  1803, 
when  it  was  worked  for  several  years  rather  exten- 
sively. 

About  the  same  time  a  mine  was  opened  on  the 
adjoining  farm  by  Martin  Pfoutz,  and  was  worked  for 
several  years;  since  then  neither  of  these  mines  have 
beeu  operated.  In  1879,  Peacock  &  Thomas  openei 
a  mine  on  the  farm  of  Daniel  Helm,  about  one-hal 
mile  northeast  of  Martinsville,  and  it  has  been  suc- 
cessfully worked  most  of  the  time  since,  turning  out 
a  superior  rjuality  of  ore  which  is  hauled  to  New 
Providence  on  the  Quarryville  Railroad,  whence  it 
is  ship])ed  to  their  furnace  at  Lancaster. 

Justices  of  the  Peace.— 1844,  Isaac  Girvin,  Isaac 
Myers;  184'J,  Isaac  Myers;  18.54,  Isaac  Myers;  1860, 
Henry  N.  Breneman  ;  1804,  -I.  Witmer  Fritz;  1805, 
Henry  N.  Breneman,  Henry  Hoak  ;  1867,  J.  H.  Zer- 
cher;  1869,  Isaac  L.  Groff;  1870,  Henry  N.  Brene- 
man ;  1875,  Henry  N.  lirenemaii,  David  E.  iMayer  ; 
1876,  F.  S.  Hoak  ;  1877.  John  Eckinan,  Samuel  .Mil- 
ler;  1882,  John  Eckinan,  Iv  (i^  P.ook. 


l!10(iR.AriIl(;.\L    SKETCHES. 

HEN'KY  NIOFF  liltE.VE.M A.\. 
The  Breneman  family  is  of  8\viss  origin.  Rev. 
Henry  Breneman,  a  preacher  in  the  t)ld  Mennonite 
Church,  aiid  grandfather  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch, 
was  born  Sept.  8,  1764,  and  in  1792  removed  from 
Manor  township  and  purchased  one  hundred  and 
lor:y-seveii  acres  of  land  from  Henry  Bowman,  in 
Strasburg  township,  about  three  miles  south  of  the 
l.urongli.  In  17!i5  he  erected  the  barn  which  is  still 
in  use  by  our  -iilii'ecl,  and  in  181)3  built  the  residence 
al.-^u  nnw  o,  rupied  by  him.  lie  added  one  hundred 
nii<l  ei-hlv  acres  of  land  to  hi>  ori-inal   purchase,  in 


(born  Oct.  23  1772  died  Vi  ril  H  1857),  daughter  of 
Dr.  Benjamin  Mussei,  md  h  id  childien —Elizabeth 
(who  married  John  Brencin  in  ft  DontgU  township), 
John,  Henry  Bcni  iiiiin  (1  rn  \  \  Ij,  1797),  Ann 
(born  July  1  I'^bl  iii  u  1 1  1  le  Benjamin  Herr,' 
present  bishop  o'f  the  Oil  AI  ini  lutc  Church,  died 
April  28,1872)  ml  T  liu  (1  in  \|  iil  S,  1810,  mar- 
ried Maria  Hiss  li  eciiibei  IS  )|  the  inly  one  sur- 
viving. 


/fi<^y^%^^ 


cludini 


hiscb 


dying  in  C 


i       Henry  Breneman,  father  of  our  subject,  was  born 
I  on  his  father's  homestead,  in  Strasburg  township,  on 
,  Jan.  2.").  179.'i.     On   June   1,  1S19,  he  married  Eliza- 
beth, daughter  of  Jacob  and   Elizabeth  (Herr)  Neflf 
(born  July   8,  1790,  died    Nov.  8,  1870),  and  in  1833 
I  purchased  of  liis  father  two  hundred  and  three  acres 
j  of  land,  including  the  present  homestead  of  his  son, 
1  where  he  spent  his  life  in  fanning  pursuits.    He  died 
May  10,  1859.     The  children   were  Ann   C,   wife  of 
Daniel  Herr  (Pequ^ea),  of  Strasburg  township  ;  Eliza- 
I  beth,  deceased,  wife  of  Henry  Musser,  of  West  Lara- 
I  peter;  Henry  N. ;  and  Susan,  deceased,  wife  of  Ama- 
i  ziah  Herr,  of  Strasburg. 

I       Henry  N.  Breneman  was  born  in  bis  present  resi- 
I  dence    in    Strasburg   township,    Jan.    13,    18.30.     He 
j  grew  up  on  the  paternal  farm,  attending  the  district 
schools  of  the  neigliborliood,  and  fiiiished  his  educa- 
tion at  the  Lititz  Academy.    When  about  twenty-one 
years  of  age  he  went  tu  learn  the  milling  business  at 
the   mill   owned   by  his   lather  .-it   Caniargo,  Pa.  (now 
'  owned  by  C.  W.  .■^iinltz),  and   remained  there  for  five 


^£z  rt.  ^y 


-^'^y^ 


STRASBURG   TOWNSMIl' 


a   |i, 


M. 


)n    Mai-ih    17 
,(  Josopl,  n>u 


years,  also  cnqagi 
H.  lireiieiiKui   & 

began  lUnniiig  the  iiomr.tea.l  trari.  A  frw  in.,nlli-i 
later  his  fatlier  die.l,  and  llie  farm  |.a-M'.l  i„to  tlie 
possession  of  our  -uhjcet  at  tlie  a|i|.iaiseiiiciit  v:iliia- 
tion.  He  lias  oominiied  to  re.si.le  tlieieon  >iiiee  uitli 
the  exception  ol"  one  year,  during  whieh  he  lived  in 
Stra^bnrg,  and  was  a  mendier  of  the  cojunnssidii  lirni 
of  Herr,  Breneman  &  Co.  In  ISM  he  erected  a  shop 
for  the  manufacture  of  agricultural  implements  near 
his  residence,  and  has  since  been  cjigaged  in  mechani- 
cal pursuits,  ior  u-jiich  he  always  had  a  natural  taste. 
He  has  also  done  couMderable  work  a^  a  builder  and 
millwright,  .and  has  eiiltivated  hi-  iarni  by  iiro.Ky 
since  ISOii. 

Mr.  Breneman  has  always  t;d;en  an  active  part  in 
the  politics  of  the  comity,  and  has  hehl  the  leading 
offices  of  his  touiwhip,  -uch  as  as-e-snr.  member  of 
llie  school  boaril  lor  twelve  years,  and  justice  of  the 
peace  for  fifteen  years.  He  was  a  warm  sU[iporter  of 
the  late  war,  and  served  for  nine  months  in  the  field 
in  18C2  as  first  lieutenant  of  Company  G,  One  Hun- 
dred and  Twenty-second  Regiment  of  Pennsylvania 
Volunteers.  Immediately  after  the  battle  of  Gettys- 
burg he  raised  a  company  of  three-months'  men, 
which  was  attached  to  the  Fiftieth  Regiment  of  Penn- 
sylvania militia,  and  was  known  as  Company  B. 
With  this  company  Mr.  Breneman  served  in  the  field 
in  defense  of  the  State,  holding  the  rank  of  captain. 
He  was  elected  sheritf  of  Lancaster  County  in  1875, 
and  served  for  three  years  in  that  office.  He  is  recog- 
nized as  one  of  the  enterprising  men  of  his  township, 
and  is  held  in  general  respect.  His  children  are 
Winona  S.,  Park  P.  (attending  lectures  in  the  medical 
department  of  the  Universit^y  of  Pennsylvania),  Anna 
M.,  Joseph  P.,  Lizzie  M.,  Maud  M.,  Herbert  N.,  Jen- 
nie May,  and  E.  Lida  Breneman. 


ISA.AC   (JROFF. 

The  GroflT  family  is  of  German  origin.  John  Grotf, 
the  grandfather  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  resided 
at  an  early  day  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  Francis 
Mylin,  near  the  village  of  New  Providence.  He 
married  and  had  a  large  family  of  children,  among 
whom  were  Henry,  Simon,  Isaac,  Daniel,  Joseph, 
Martin,  Jacob,  Michael,  John,  Susan  (who  married 
John  Heckman),  Elizabeth  (who  married  Frederick 
Grail),  and  another  daughter  (who  married  Martin 
Grail). 

Isaac  (1770-1.S-1<I),  lather  of  our  subject,  was  a 
mason  by  trade,  but  engaged  in  farming  puistiits  for 
the  greater  part  of  his  life.  He  occupied  the  farm 
where  Benjamin  Fritz  now  lives,  in  Strasbnrg  town- 
ship. For  nearly  forty  years'he  engaged  in  the  busi- 
ness of  distilling.  His  wife  was  Elizabeth  Eslileinan 
(1785-1851),  who  bore  him  a  family  of  thirteen  chil- 


irried  Benja 
who  marrie, 

len;    M 
Williai 

Martha,   wl 

0   beeaii 

earlier  ye:i 
school  edu 
daughter  o 
of  Drunioi 
fanning  tli 


;e  lamily  ol  children  Isaac  Grotl  is  the 
g  member.  He  was  born  March  11 
ither's  homestead,  where  he  spent  the 
of  his  life,  enjoying  only  a  common- 
ion.  In  1S50  hJ  married  Barbara  M., 
isei.b  and  Hannah  (  Martin)  Shnwalter 


j  subsec|uently,  in  settlement  of  his  lather's  estate,  he 
became  its  owner  at  the  assessment  valuation.  This 
tract  comprised  one  hundred  and  nine  acres,  and  Jlr. 

'  Grotf  lived  upon  and  cultivated  it  for  six  years.  He 
then  traded  it  for  the  Green  Tree  Tavern,  Strasburg 
township,  witli  his  brother-in-law,  Benjamin  Fritz. 
At  that  point  he  made  large  improvements,  building 
the  present  brick  hotel,  the  barn,  and  other  outhouses, 
and  remained  for  seventeen  years.  He  then  disposed 
of  the  tavern,  and  farm  of  seventy-eight  acres  con- 
nected with  it;,  to  Levi  L.  Brush.  In  1874  he  pur- 
chased of  Michael  Refton  his  home-place  on  the 
Strasburg  turniiike,  added  other  tracts  to  it,  made 
great  improvements,  and  residd  the  same  to  Mr. 
Refton  for  nearly  three  times  the  original  cost  in 
1882.  He  tlien  purchased  other  land  and  real  estate 
in  and  around  Strasburg  borough,*and  is  still  actively 
engaged  in  successful  business  enterprises. 

Mr.  Groff  is  one  of  the  most  widely-known  and 
popular  farmers-of  Lancaster  County,  public  spirited, 
progressive,  liberal,  and  of  strict  integrity.  He  has 
engaged  extensively  in  the  purchase  and  sale  of  land 
and  stock,  especially  horses,  and  is  noted  for  his 
genial  and  uniformly  happy  temperament.  Although 
his  father  was  a  distiller  for  nearly  Ibrty  years,  and  he 
himself  engaged  in  hotel-keeping  for  seventeen,  he 

j  has  never  touched  a  drop  of  spirituous  or  malt  liquor, 
nor  used  tobacco  in  any  form.  He  has  not  aspired  to 
public  office,  although  he  served  as  a  member  of  the 
Council  of  Strasburg  borough  for  two  years.  His 
children  have  been  Bolonius  E.  Groft',  who  is  still 
living;  Horace  Washington,  deceased;  and  Clara 
Elelta,  who  died  in  lS7tj,  in  the  nineteenth  year  of 
her  age. 

.-^.\M|-I':r,    L.  DENNEV. 

His  father  was  Samuel  Deiiney,  a  native  of  Chester 

County,  Pa.,  where   he   was  carefully   reared   in   the 

family  of  Samuel  Lewis,  of  Sadsbury  township.     He 

was  a  natural  mechanic,  and  ujion  attaining  his  ma- 


IlISTUJtV   Ol'    LANOASTKR   COUNTV, 


lie  i-,tMbli-,lir.l  : 
ri(.ii>  iiMliii  art 
lit-  <lir,l  -.a  iIk, 
years.  His  wil 
Lyilia  Diil.ree,  < 
by  whom  lie  h:\ 
Mi  (Mill  i'.  (deo 
designer  of  iiiiu 
wife  of  Epl.rai, 


t..     l'l,lli|,   T,     I'.uuu     1,1 

lli.v,v,ii„d  lu  .M,„r. 


fruni 


\\-i 


.1   1,1 


L.;  Ila„n:,h,wli.,ma,ri,.dl)av,dlia„ 
cock  towiisliijj;  DL'uitt  ('.,  a  inarlnnisl  ,,C  aliiliiv  in 
Philadelphia;  Margaret  A.  ;  William,  a  railroad  en- 
gineer, killed  in  the  perfurmanee  nf  duLv  un  tlie 
Philadelphia  and  Erie  Railroad  ;  Joanna^  married 
Ambrose  Powell,  of  Sadsbury  ;  Rachel,  who  became 
the  wife  of  David  Hear,  of  Lancaster  County  ;  John 
Q.,  in  the  iron  business,  Ilarrishurtc  and  York,  Pa.  ; 
Hiisan,  who  married,  first,  Richard  Marshall,  and  is 
MOW  the  widow  of  William  Jliller;  and  Washington, 
a  machinist,  of  Harrisburs;. 

Samuel  L.  Denney  was  born  in  Sadsbury  township 
Nov.  3,  1820.  He  receive.l  only  a  common  school 
education,  and  in  early  life  learned  the  general  prin- 
ciples of  mechanics  with  his  father.  Soon  after  be- 
coming of  age  he  carried  on  the  machine  business  in 
a  small  way  near  Christiana,  and  remained  there 
until  July  20,  184G,  when  he  purchased  of  William 
Noble  twelve  acres  of  land,  including  residence, 
foundry,  and  machine-shop,  at  Noble'.s  Foundry  (now 
Christiana),  and  removed  there.  This  business  had 
been  established  in  1833,  but  was  in  a  depressed  con- 
dition wdien  purchased  by  Mr.  Denney.  The  latter 
immediately  began  the  manufacture  of  machinery, 
and  by  January  1st  following  had  erected  a  car-shop 
in  addition,  taking  in  Edward  Laniiney  as  a  partner, 
and  employing  sixteen  men.  The  (irm  of  Denney  & 
Lammey  continued  together  until  the  following 
spring,  when  Lammey  took  the  foundry,  and  Denney 
the  machine-shops.  Here  he  remained  until  1851, 
when  he  i>urcliased  a  farm  and  erected  a  machine- 
shop  one  -mile  farther  up  the  creek,  and  there  re-  t 
niained  until  1SG8.  He  then  purchased  a  farm  near  I 
the  Quaker  meeting-house,  Sadsbury  townshi|),  and  ' 
in  1870  removed  to  the  Gap,  where  he  remained  ten  [ 
years  attending  to  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  liis 
inventions  on  royalty.  He  then  took  the  Valley  I 
JIachine-Shops,  about  one  mile  southeast  of  Stra -bur"-  i 
borough,  where  he  is  now  engaged  in  jierfecting  his  j 
inventions.  He  has  taken  .mt  twenty  patents  on  va-  1 
nous  maehiiie-  relating  to  agriculture  and  railroad 
allaiis,  and  i-  now  perfecting  a  combined  horse-rake  I 
and  hay-tedder.  . 

Nolhin-  was  known  of  the  village  of  Cliristiuna 
prior  to  .Mr.  I  ).nnry's  location  there  in  1S4(;.  \\'|,iie 
at  Noble's  l'"oiniilry  he  bought  four  acres  of  land  in 
the  pre.-ent  heart  of  the  town,  for  lots  and  houses  for 
mechanics,   and   in   connection  with   Noble   laid  out 


■li'liti    and    .Maig.irct    Linvill,  <,f  Sali-I,nry   township, 

wlio  died  .Vpril  JO,  l,S7:i      'I'lie  cliiMren  are  William,' 

foreman  of  the  machine  .leparlment  id' the  Lancaster 

Watch   Company's   Works;    ILirmer,  a  superior  me- 

ehaiuc,  of  New  York  City  ;   :\Iargaret,  wife  of  Harry 

K.  McClelland,  of  Minneapolis,  Minn.;  Mittlin,  who 

[  resides  in  New  York;  Samuel   L.,  Jr.,  in   Phil'adel- 

j  phia;  Sarah  ;  Edith,  wife  of  Charles  Heston,  Brorik- 

j  lyn  ;    Thaddeus   S.,    Alice,    John,   and    Edward    S. 

j  Denney. 


j  15ENJ.4MIN    BUOWN    MYERS. 

j       Benjamin    Brown    Myers    was   born    in    Strasburg 
I  township,  on  March  3,  1817.     His  grandfather,  John 
j  Myers,  emigrated  from  Switzerland  during  the' latter 
!  halfof  the  eighteentli  century,  and  made  a  settlement 
I  in  Eden  township,  in  the  locality  in  which  the  heirs 
I  of  Jacob  Myers  still  live.     There  he  passed  the  re- 
mainder  of  his  days   engaged  in  farming  jiursuits. 
His  sons  were  Henry,  John,  Frederick,  David,  Ben- 
jamin (died  young),  and  Jacob,  all  of  whom  settled 
in  Eden  township,  where  some  of  their  descendants 
are  still  to  be  found. 

John  was  the  father  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch. 
He  was  a  maker  of  posts  and  rail-fences  by  trade, 
and  followed  that  occupation  during  tha  greater  por- 
ti<m  of  his  life.  Near  its  close  he  purchased  a  small 
farm  in  Strasburg  township.  He  married  Barbara 
Brown,  and  had  children  as  follows:  Abraham,  who 
resides  in  Strasburg  fownsliip;  John,  in  Drumore 
township;  Elizabeth,  widow  of  Benjamin  Groff.  of 
Strasburg;  Susan  (deceased),  who  was  the  first  wife 
of  Joseph  Groff,  of  Drumore  township;  Benjamin  B. ; 
Fanny,  widow  of  Joseph  Grotf;  Isaac,  who  lives  in 
Colerain  township;  and  Frederick  (deceased),  late 
sheriff  of  Lancaster  County. 

Benjamin  B..  Myers  spent  the  earlier  years  of  his 
life,  until  his  majority,  will,  his  father,  engaged  in 
cutting  posts,  rails,  a,id  titnhrr.  He  enjoyed  but 
meagre  educational  opportnnitie-.. 

At  theageof  twenty-lud  lieentereil  i 
ness  of  a   post-  and   ic,,re-rail-i,iaker  oi 


bus 


ipiarrying  stone,  and  doin^ 
1  woi-k  that  lie  found  to  do 

he  attained  the  a.^ 
ed   tlie  While  (Jak 
of  Strasburg  towns 
nued  to  keep  a  pn 
,  being   known   far 

e  ol  Ihirty-two,  when  he  pur 
tavern,  in  the  sonthern  por 
lip,  of  Jacob  Potts.  He  has 
, lie-house  at  that  point  ever 
and  wide  as  an  affable  and 

cJ ^/-^^^iz^i^-i^  S^  ^. 


^ey<fo-9'z.4e'^. 


WARWICK    TOWNSHIP. 


1071 


popular  liost,  of  strict  integrity,  generous  impulses, 
and  liberal  and  progressive  spirit.  He  has  also  en- 
gaged e.xtensively  in  otlier  iegilimiite  business  enter- 
prises, and  has  by  palient  nssidnily,  and  an  eeononiieal 
and, .lain, ■„urMM,nivin._',ao|. iimlcon-i,ler;,l,KM,r.,p- 


is.'ll 


made,  sell-eduealed  residents  of  his  native  eoiuity. 
He  owns  his  father's  liomestead  farm  in  Strasburg 
township,  besides  several  tine  tracts  of  land  in  Eden 
towns]ii[»,  and  has  the  satisfaction  of  knowing  that 
wliat  he  has  gained  has  been  in  the  face  of  unfavor- 
able circumstances  of  birth  and  education,  and  by 
the  exercise  of  a  persistency  of  purpose  and  force  of 
will  and  character  that  would  do  any  man  credit. 
He  is  a  stanch  Democrat,  but  has  never  been  an  aspi- 
rant after  puldic  position.  He  is  a  regidar  attendant 
of  tlie  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  of  Mount  Eden, 
and  has  been  a  liberal  supporter  of  tliat  and  other 
elevating  and  worthy  institutions.  His  wife  is  Julia 
A.,  daughter  of  William  and  Sarah  (Rowe)  Hagans, 
of  Strasburg  township.  The  children  who  attained 
adult  age  are  Aaron  H.,  who  occupies  his  father's 
farm  in  Eilen ;  John  H.,  who  tills  the  old  home- 
tract  in  Strasburg  township;  Mary,  wife  of  Elias 
King,  of  Eden;  and  Benjamin,  William,  andCharles, 
who  reside  at  home. 


CHAPTER     LXXVII. 

WARWICK    TOW.N'SIIII', 

The  towiiship  of  Warwick  is  one  of  the  original 
townships  laid  out  at  the  formation  of  Lancaster 
County.  After  the  act  of  Legislature  was  passed 
setting  off  Lancaster  from  Chester  County  on  May 
10,  1729,  the  magistrates  then  living  in  that  portion 
of  the  county  set  off  met  at  the  house  of  John  Pos- 
tlethwait,  together  with  a  number  of  the  inhabitants, 
to  decide  ujion  and  define  the  territory  for  the  sev- 
eral townships,  and  to  give  them  names.  The  town- 
ship of  Warwick  was  the  eleventh  township  set  off, 
and  was  named  by  Richard  Carter  in  honor  of  the 
jjortion  of  England  from  which  he  had  emigrated. 
There  was  at  the  time  some  contention  in  regard  to 
the  name,  particularly  upon  the  part  of  John  llubcr. 
Tlie.lcMrri|,ii..n  of  lli'c  t.rritory  comprised  uilhii,  the 
original  township  is  as  follows  :  "Warwick  town^lll|^ 
beginning  by  tJonestogoe  Creek,  at  a  corner  of  Man- 
heim  township,  by  Peter's  road  ;  thence  up  by  the 
west  side  of  Conestogoe  to  Hans  Graff's  mill  ;  thence 
by  a  northerly  branch  to  David  Priess'  mill  ;  thence 
wi'<liTly  along  the  mills  by  Lebanon  township  to 
llriTV  ;  tlicuio  southerly  by  Donegal  to  the  aforesaid 
ro;id,  easterly  to  the  place  of  beginning."  The  meet- 
ing for  the  above-mentioned  purpose  was  held  on 
.rune  i),  172!),  and  the  'action  of  the  magistrates  and 


the  Court  of  Quarter  Sessions,  at  a  regular  term  of 
court,  on  August  5tli  of  the  same  year. 

The  territory  comprised  in  the  boumlaries  as  origi- 
nally laid  out  included  all  the  land  now  known  as 
Warwick,  Penii,  Elizabetli,  and  Clay  townships.  -The 
boundaries  of  the  present  township  of  Warwick  have 
been  so  often  changed,  and  the  descri))tions  of  the 
tracts  of  land  in  original  grants  or  patents  are  so  in- 
definite that  it  is  ditticult  to  trace  the  property  of  any 
of  .the  original  proprietors.  The  only  boundary  of 
the  original  township  remaining  unchanged  in  the 
present  one,  is  that  between  Warwick  and  Manheim 
townships. 

The  original  loun-^lii|]  contained  62,533  acres,  from 
which  at  the  f.nnialion  of  Elizabeth  townshiji,  in  1757, 
was  taken  25,342  acres.  In  1845,  when  Penn  town- 
ship was  erected,  came  another  loss  of  25,521  acres, 
leaving  in  the  present  township  11,070  acres. 

Boundaries,— The  boundaries  of  the  present  town- 
ship arc;  north  by  Elizabeth  and  Clay,  east  by 
Clay,  Ephrata,  and  West  Earl,  south  by  West  Earl 
and  JManheiin,  and  west  by  Penn.  It  is  separated 
from  Clay  by  Hammer  Creek,  from  Ephrata  by  Ham- 
mer and  Cocnlico  Creeks,  and  from  We>t  Earl  by  Co- 
calico  Creek, 

Water-Courses.— The  township  is  traversed  by 
many  streams  and  brooklets,  which  make  a  varied 
and  pleasant  landscape,  and  produce  a  condition  of 
soil  well  calculated  for  a  perfect  farming  country. 
Its  princii)al  streams  are  Hammer  and  Coealico 
Creeks,  forming  its  eastern  boundaries,  and  New 
Haven  Creek,  which  rises  in  the  central  southern; 
])ortion.  The  direction  of  all  the  water-courses  is  from 
north  or  northwest  to  south  or  southeast,  and  their 
termination  is  Conestoga  Creek.  There  are  many 
other  smaller  streams,  such  as  Carter's  Run,  which 
has  its  source  in  the  Lititz  Spring,  and  others  that 
may  have  been  of  note  in  an  early  day,  but  are  now 
only  continuous  streams  during  the  spring  or  in  rainy 
weather. 

Railroads  and  Thoroughfares.— The  Columbia 
and  Reading  Railroad  passes  directly  through  the 
township  from  east  to  west,  touching  the  villages  of 
Lititz,  Warwick,  Rothville  Station,  and  Millway  on 
its  course.  The  townsliip  is  traversed  in  all  direc- 
tions by  roads  and  turnpikes,  which  are  well  laid  out 
and  kept  in  good  condition,  making  intercourse  be- 
tween the  different  localities  a  nnitter  of  pleasure, 
and  giving  an  impetus  to  local  traffic.  The  principal 
roads  are  the  Lancaster  and  Lititz  turnpike,  the 
Lititz  and  Lcvington  turnpike,  and  the  "  t)ld  New- 
port road." 

Natural  Features.  —  The  face  of  the  country, 
while  being  far  from  (hit  and  prairie-like,  is  noi  by 
any  means  mountainous  or  rugged.  Time  are  ,~li^lit 
undulations  in  all  parts  of  the  township,  which  in 
the  north  take  the  name  of  Pine  Hills,  while  in  the 
.south  Rabbit  Hill  and  Kissel  Hill  are  the  prominent 


1072 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


1  toll 


This  pniperty  wi 
Aiiiuiig  the  (,l 
who  touk-  up  Imi 
Micharl  Pliuitz, 
1741,  tour  liuud 
aciM,  but  did 
1739;  Jacob  Hc-i 


lOt 


clay,  and  underlying  it  in  some  parts  may  bu  found  '  wick,  but  was  subseipic 
a  fine  species  of  limestone,  which  is  largely  u-L'i\  in  (Ufachinf,'  of  Count  Zinze 
local  buildings.  Tlie  farming  lias  been  dmio  in  ^ucli  ,  trine.  lie  removed  in  \'i 
an  intelligent  manner  that  the  original  (|ualiiics  of  died  iu  July,  17S;>. 
the  soil  have  in  no  way  deteriorated,  but  in  niu-t  .)f  (ieojve  VAty  was  the 
the  territory  improved  by  a  judicious  system  ..f  eul-  l;iniiiy  to 'settle  in  the  | 
tivati(m. 

Products.— The  princiiial  product  is  wheat,  which 
is  larjrely  and  succe-slully  cultivated.  All  of  the 
general^ereals,  vegetables,  and  fruits  are  abundant, 
and  tlie  growing  of  tobacco  is  becoming  a  large  and 
constantly-increasing    feature    in  the  productions  of 

Early  Settlers.— The  first  settler  that  can  be  lo- 
cated with  any  accuracy  was  Richard  Carter,  who 
probably  came  from  Warwickshire,  England.  He 
located  a  tract  of  about  two  hundred  acres  on  the 
west  side  of  Conestoga  Creek,  about  a  mile  Iroin  its 
mouth.  He  remained  at  this  place  about  a  year,  and 
then  moved  larther  up  the  creek,  an.l  l.icated  about 
where  Millport  now  stands.  He  wa.  a  bachelor,  and 
was  a  wlieel Wright  by  trade.  He  did  not  take  out  a 
])atent  for  the  land,  and  only  occupied  it  as  a  .squatter. 
In   1720,  uiion   the  formation  of  Warwick  township, 

was  selected  by  him.  The  small  stream  having  its 
source  iu  Lititz  Spring  is  called  Carter's  Run  in 
honor  of  him.  John  Wister,  of  Philadelphia,  took 
out  two  patents  for  a  jiart  of  the  land  located  by 
Carter  in  1741  and  1745,  though  it  does  not  appear 
that  he  ever  lived  on  it.  Carter  died  July  2,  1750, 
and  was  about  eighty  years  of  age  at  the  time  of  his 
deatli.  A  large  part  of  the  land  taken  up  by  Carter 
is  now  owned  by  Levi  S.  Reist. 

Christian  Bomberger,  or  Bambarger,  as  it  was  origi- 
nally spelled,  came  to  Warwick  in  1722,  and  settled 
upon  the  land  now  owned  by  Christian  Bomberger, 
Jacob  Bomberger,  and  Levi  B.  Brubaker.  He  was  a 
native  of  Eshelbrun,  Baden.  He  did  not  take  out  a 
patent  for  the  land  till  March  22,  1734.  The  land 
was  taken  up  under  two  patents,  one  of  which  was 
for  five  hundred  and  forty-eight  and  three-quarter 
acres,  and  the  consideration  was  eiglity-five  pounds 
one  shilling  sterling,  and  an  annual  quit-rent  of  one-  ' 
half  pence  sterling  per  acre.  The  original -patent  i- 
now  in  the  hands  of  Rev.  Christian  Bomberger,  a 
]ireaclier  of  the  Menuonite  Church  in  Warwick 
township. 

It  is  impossible  to  obtain  the  exact  date  of  the  ar- 
rival of  George  Kline,  but  it  is  certain  that  he  reached 
Warwick  prior  to  1740.  He  came  from  Kichaii, 
Baden,  and  took  up  land  where  the  present  villaL'.' 
<d'  Lititz  now  stands.  He  took  out  iiatents  for  two 
hundred  and-  ninety-six  and  one-half  acres,  dated 
.liily  14,  1741,  and  for  thirty-two  and  one-half  acres, 
UrJ.  12,  1747.  It  is  probable  tliat  lie  took  (Hit  other  j 
patents,  for  about  1753-55  he  coijveyed  to  the  Mora- 


Ehy 


(33,  as  at  that  time  a  tract  of 
n.  The  land  was  situated  on 
Hummer  Creek,  at  the  junction  of  the  Cocalico.  A 
patent  was  not  taken  out  tor  the  land  till  1700,  and 
was  in  tlie  name  of  Christian  Eby.  The  name  was 
spelled  Ebi,  as  is  evidenced  by  an  inscription  on  a 
door  in  the  house  built  bv  Christian  Ebv,  as  follows: 


leaflt 


in  17'J3. 
arly  settlers  are  Jacob  Huher, 

1743;   John  Gingerich,   1735; 

Jidin  Wister  took  out  patents, 
ind  forty  acres;  1745,  eighty 
ive    here;    Christian    Hershey, 

1742;  John  and   Daniel  Bru- 


baker,  174-.     Most   of  their  land    was   in   Elizabeth 
township. 

Old  Deed.— The  Kev.  I'liri.-tian  Bomberger  has  in 
his  possession  the  original  patent  granted  to  the  first 
Christian  Bomberger  (Bauibarger).  It  is  written  on 
sheep  parchinent,  size  twelve  by  twenty-four  inches, 
ill  a  bold  hand,  something  between  a  printed  te.xt  and 
a  running  hand  script.  The  writing  is  still  distinct 
and  perfectly  legible.  At  tlie  bottom  of  the  parch- 
ment, laced  tlirough  it  and  around  the  signature  of 
Thomas  Penn,  is  a  blue  ribbon.  To  this  is  attached  a 
large  beeswax  seal,  originally  about  three  inches  in 
diameter.  Though  this  seal  is  now-  muclr  broken, 
upon  one  side  the  words  "  Truth"  and  "  Love,"  and 
on  the  other  "Mercy"  and  "Justice"  can  be  dis- 
tinctly traced,  as  also  a  general  design  for  the  seal. 

ASSESSMENT-UOLL  FOR  WARWICK  TOWNSHIP  IN  1769.'    , 

FreeholciiTs.  Acri'.s.  Fiei-liolilors.  Acres 

UuuiIlt,  J..I111,  Sr 5u      Dussing,  I'elur 5,] 


the  first 


■ongr 


in  War- 


WARWICK   TOWNSHIP. 


FreeliolJers. 

Grayblll.Chiist'n." 

i;jhgelj,  Ulriull 

(iood,  J.,rub  

GfiKcr,  Ll.risliau 

'^"r"', 

M.nli.    ||,.„,V,, 

-lllll.r,    1,, , 

M,ll,.i.  N-,..|>, 

Mm-  ,,,     .1,,, 

I'l,.!"",.'',:,  ,'  '■ 

I'm      1.,      .        II.    „ 

Acie 

(iiica,  Jiicb  ,t  Co 

Ilrcgy,  Mailiii  

;:;:::;::  is" 

'.'■     ■.::■;:::  k 

llullinger.Cli'n 

HllCllBtlllllT,    J. .111! 

HI) 

"i   11 

lluljcf,  AM.Innv 

llXr,';'::;-, r; 

11^ 

Ilii-filK-\,.  Ln-;i.h   ,- 

•- 

6 

IS 

Hiin»,  ll.-m 

llubeck.M,  J.KMI. 

H..ock,  lleiMfc 

Hi-a>,  Jul,,, 

.-.   1. 

ii 

HaiB.u,  Blartin 
Ilumirlli,  Mafl,' 
Ilei,iLUii,  Niii. 
Iloisln'v,  Cliiisl 
llolli„gtT.  Ja.  u 
HelJ,Mi.  Ilaviil 
Kline,  Filler  .... 
Kinzi,  Jac.l,.... 

Koffoian,  Isaac 
Kesli,  Slalhew. 

K.culer,'  Ar'lam 
Keri,ian,  Math' 
Klick,  Philip... 
Kline,  Mich'l... 
KucI,,  Gt.,.,ge... 

Kuch,.Iahii 

Kiub.  I'iisiiei ... 
Kiasel,  F,i'.l  .... 
Kissfl,  Ni.„b,i,, 
Langnak.  r,  J,.. 


Kani,  Conniil. 
flrobargor,  Dan 


Kigc-lbtng,  Micliae 
Stabei-,  Jacub. 
Draxel,  George. 
IM,iilipi.i,  John. 
Schioiicr,  I'Veiloric 
aiillei',  Ouniul. 
Thomas,  Philip. 


'i;  Justices  of  the  Peace.—Jolm  F.  Huaimer,  1840; 
"."  '  Cliristiaii  11.  r.uiuli,  1.S41;  John  F.  lluiinuor,  1S45; 
;!!  ('luisuaii  II.  K;iucli,  184.");  Samuel  Frey,  184(j;  Chris- 
:,',  tian  II.  Kaucli,  1850;  Levi  S.  Reist,  1851;  Christian 
."'  11.  Kaii.-h,  1S55;  Levi  S.  Reist,  18.56;  Francis  W. 
o  j  Chri.st,  18(10;  Jonas  N.  Stauter,  1801;  Francis  W. 
;S  Christ,  18G5;  Andrew  B.  Hacknian,  18CU;  A.  B.  Rei- 
!,■;  1  denbach,]870;  A.  B,  ilaclcman,  1871  ;  R.  R.  Tsluuly, 
i'  1S74;  A.  C.  Frey,  187H ;  A.  B.  RL-idenbach,  1879; 
!'!  '  Juhii  F.  Ruth,  1881. 

:„  Old  Houses.— The  early  settlers  in  this  territory 
I'L'  I  evidently  knew  how  to  build  good  houses,  or,  at  least, 
iiu  I  houses  that  would  stand  the  ravages  of  time.  There 
5u  are  too  many  of  them  now  standing  to  be  described 
ju'il  in  detail.  George  Kline's  house  at  Lititz  was  Imilt  in 
1754,  and  was  in  good  condition  in  18()4,  when  it  was 
torn  down  to  make  way  for  a  modern  structure.  It 
occupied  the  site  cif  the  present  residence  of  P.  S. 
Reir,t. 

The  "  Brothers'  House"  was  built  in  1760-61,  and 
the  walls  seem  as  strong  now  as  wlieii  fir.^t  built.  It 
is  now  being  remodeled. 

The  "Sisters' House,"  built  17G0-G1,  still  presents 
a  good  appearance. 

A  house  opposite  Church  Square,  built  in  1792,  is 
now  used  as  the  Lititz  Academy.  It  was  linilt  by 
Christian  Schropp,  one  of  the  iiioiiecr  school- 
teachers. 

The  Moravian  Church,  built  in  178G-87,  was  re- 
modeled in  1857,  but  the  old  walls  are  still  in  the 
building,  and  seem  strong  enough  for  another  century. 
The  Lutheran  St.  Jacob's  Cliurch,  built  in  1741, 
was  removed  to  Ijititz  in  1771  and  used  in  building 
a  fulling-mill  on  Carter's  Creek.  This  mill  .still 
stands,  though  changed  in  formation,  and  is  used  as 
a  tobacco  waiehousc. 

Old  Mills.— The  Litit/,  saw-  and  grist-mill  was 
erected  in  175G  by  the  Moravian  Brethren,  and  the 
iirsl  miller  was  probably  Samuel  Fry.  This  mill  was 
burned  in  1775,  but  a  new  one  was  immediately  re- 
built. Milling  in  those  days  was  profitable,  as  shown 
by  the  fact  that  in  1777  the  profits  made  by  this  mill 
were  two  thousand  five  hundred  dollars,  it  was  aub- 
seipiently  sold  to  John  Keller,  and  was  owned  by  the 
Keller  family  for  three  generations;  was  bought  by 
I'.enjamin  Ritter,  Sr.,  about  18G.'),  afterwards  owned 
by  Benjamin  Ritter,  Jr.,  and  is  now  the  property  of 
A.  W.  Shober. 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


17iJ5  a  fulliiig-iuill  w:i 

u^L-a  as  asmUfnuLiiul' 

.liii  Kfll.-r.     InlS-7i 

ion  (,!■  the  walls;   was 

cardiiig-niill,  au.l  is  ii.nv  si 

The  lirst  mill  built  in  lli 

George  Eby  at  tlie  junclioi 

Creeks.     It  is  im|i(is-.il.le 


als.i 


.-e]. 


ami  it  was 
itwassohl 
ith  the  ex- 

ished    as  a 


public  exiK-use  more  than  six  munt 
year.     This  was  afterwards  resciml 
cliers   were    Abraham    B.  Sehilller, 
'iekel,  Philip  Tliratz,  Jacob  Siiifrer,  Abraliam  IJ 
lur,  Kli/.abejh  \\'hitelbrd,  Samuel  Caldreu,  MordJ 


It  th, 


St   te 


the  towiiNhip  w'as  erected  by 
on  uC  Hammer  and  Cocalico 
L-  to  lorate  exact  date,  Imt  it 
was  between  1733  and  l7i;o.  Jt,  \vas  torn  tlown  about 
1S35,  and'near  its  site  wa-  crecU-d  l.y  .lacob  .^haiHer, 
Jr..  the  mill  now  owned  by  Levi  liridjaker. 

Schools.— TJie  tirst  school  in  Warwick  township 
was  in  the  Warwick  Church  and  school-house,  and 
was  erected  in  1748,  though  school  did  not  commence 
till  May  l;;,  174;i.  Its  tirst  teacher  was  the  Rev. 
Leonard  Scbnell,  a  Moravian  minister.  In  17G2  this 
schooMunise  was  taken  down  and  removed  to  Lititz, 
opposite  the  present  Moravian  Church.  There  was 
no  other  school  at  this  time  near  Lititz,  and  the  chil- 
dren from  the  adjoining  country  attended  school  at 
this  place.  It  was  conducted  by  Bernard  A.  Grube, 
and  later  by  Christian  Schropp.  In  1S15,  John  Beck 
took  charge  of  the  school,  which  was  held  in  an  old 
blacksmith-shop  built  in  1754.  It  occupied  the  site 
of  the  present  Lyceum  building,  on  the  west  side  of 
the  Church  Square.  In  1818  the  school  was  taken 
from  under  the  control  of  the  church  authorities  and 
placed  under  Mr.  Beck's  personal  management.  He 
took  no  scholars  outside  of  the  village  till  181  :•,  when 
he  began  taking  outside  scholars.  In  182:i  a  new 
building  was  built,  and  shortly  after  that  a  small 
building  to  be  used  as  a  primary  .school.  Jlr.  Beck 
conducted  this  school  till  1865.  Up  to  1843  there 
were  but  few  schools,  and  those  were  in  most  cases 
poorly  attended  and  badly  taught.  The  custom  was 
for  a  teacher  to  obtain  a  list  of  scholars,  and  if  he 
obtained  a  sntlicient  number  to  warrant  the  venture 
to  opien  a  school. 

The  school-houses  were  liuilt  by  subscription,  and 
a  board  of  trustees  elected  to  take  charge  of  school 
affairs.  The  tuition  was  paid  by  the  parents  of  the 
scholars,  and  those  too  poor  to  jiay  were  [lut  upon  the 
poor-li-t  ialter  isilfl)  and  their  tuition  paid  for  by  the 
county.  Alt.T  the  srliu,,!  law  of  18-J8  and  those  of 
1S:;4  .and  In.'!.;  the  e-tablishment  of  district  schocds 
became  general,  though  Warwick  townshi]i  ilid  not 
accept  the  district  system  till  1843.  The  lirst  sdioid 
board  that  there  is  any  record  of  met  at  Jac(d)  Zeigler's, 
and  was  composed  of  Samuel  Frantz,  Christian  Steli- 
man,  Daniel  Rudy,  Jacob  Shitz,  and  Benjamin  Fen- 
nel.- Samuel  Frantz  was  elected  president,  Benjamin 
Fennel  secretary,  and  Jacob  B.  Tsliudy  treasurer. 
After  obtaining  a  list  from  the  assessor  it  was  found 
that  there  were  two  huuilred  and  fifty-four  cliildren  of 
school  age  in  the  town>hiii.  riie  lirst  schools  under 
the  new  system  began  secnd  Monday  in  June,  1843. 
The  lirst  rate  of  taxation  for  school  purposes  was  as- 
sessed at  five  cents  on 'a  hundred  dcdlars.  Among 
the  resolutions  passed  was  one  that  no  child  should 


.was  set  oil;  in  1845,  it  became 

directors,   as   most  of   those 

the  new  township.     The  new 


When  I'.nn  townsl 
neces.sary  to  elect  n 
then  in  office  were  i 

directors  were  Jacob  Loose,  Christian  Ilostetter,  Jo' 
seph  Brubaker,  Jr.,  Henry  Hess,  Uenry  Baker,  Sam- 
uel IJchtenthaler.  -  In  1848  the  school-houses  were 
Warwick,  Kissel  Hill,  Millport,  Rabbit  Hill,  Filles', 
and  Lexington.  The  two  treasurers  wdio  have  held 
ofl5ce  the  longest  periods  of  time  are  Jacob  B.  Tsluidy, 
1842^8  and  1851-52,  and  F,  S.  Reist,  1857-63.  In 
1852  there  were  seven  school  districts  and  five  hun- 
dred and  fifty-three  scholars. 

The  following  comparative  table  shows  the  ad- 
vancement from  the  time  the  county  superintendent 
first  held  office : 

No.  of    Teach-    „,,„,,,     TotuI  Tax         Totul 


Expended. 


ISUC 


576 


Sis 


The  present  school  districts  are  Buch's,  Warwick, 
Rome,  JIartin's,  Fairview,  Lexington,  Union,  Brun- 
nerviUe,  Lookout,  Sunnysido,  Jlillport,  Pleasant 
View,  Upper  Rothsville,  Lower  Rothsville.  F.  S. 
llackman  is  president,  P.  AVitiner  treasurer,  and 
Henry  S.  Miller  secretary  of  the  present  school 
Ijoard.   ■ 

The  village  of  Lititz  is  a  s|iecial  school  district, 
having  a  separate  organization. 

Lititz. — The  name  of  this  village  was  formerly 
spelled  Litiz,  and  the  correct  spelling  has  been  a  mat- 
ter of  dispute.  Some  years  since  the  jMstinaster-gen- 
eral  ordered  the  change  of  the  spelling  of  the  post- 
office  from  Litiz  to  Lititz.  The  settlement  at  Lititz 
began  in  1754,  though  the  village  was  not  laid  out 
until  1757.  The  plan  of  the  village  was  made  by 
Rev.  Nathaniel  Seidel  and  John  Renter,  and  was 
named  from  a  village  in  Bohemia.  The  property  was 
owned  entirely  by  the  Jloravian  Brethren,  and  all  its 
early  interests,  both  religious  and  secular,  were  con- 


Eari.y  lNl.usTiili:s.— About  the  first  manufac- 
turing of  any,  note  was  ihe  making  of  organs  by 
David  Tauneberger.  Tanneberger  w;is  a  native  of 
Germany,  and  manufactured  organs  in  Lititz  as 
early  as  1765.  Among  the  organs  made  by  him  was 
one  used  by  the  Moravians  of  Lititz,  built  in  1787 
and  used  till  1879,  a  iieriod  of  ninety-two  years. 

Early  in  'the  nineteenth  century  Matthias  Tshudy 
was  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  chip  hats.  TImv 
were  ijuite  celebrated  at  that  time  and  were  sliip|i.d 
as  far  south  as  New  Orleans,  a  di.stance  at  that  day 
which  was  a  much  greater  obstacle  to  successful  trade 
than    in   this  age  of  steam   and  electricity.     About 


c;^-/^ 


11 


r.1 


WARWICK    TOWNSHIP, 


1  nv.-) 


legai)  tlie 
■L'VAt'\,  as  it 
'.\v,\  in  l.u> 

Ur,|    i(s    111; 


hiss.. 


ISIO,  William   H.  Rauc 

the  •'  Lititz  brct/.el."  oi 

idly  called.    He  was  sue 

H.  A.  Ranch,  who  om 

ISlir,,  when  lie  failed.     ,Iusins   V.  Slui-is,  tlu-  pivsmi 

]irn|]i-ietor,  made  some  improveinrnts  iu    thu   arlich- 

and  now  conducts  the  bnsiiKss. 

IkHween  1S20  and  182-t  a  maltdiouse  was  bnilt  on 
Broad  Street,  near  Carter's  Rnn,  where  the  residence 
of  Dr.  ]{?iel)uck  now  .stands.  Its  iirst  jiroprietor  was 
Michael  Greidcr,  who  .sidd  to  Jacob  B.  Tshudy  about 
1830  ;  was  burned  in  185G,  but  immediately  a  new  one 
was  built,  a  large  brick  building,  now  standing  on 
AVest  Main  Street.  Mr.  Tshudy  conducted  it  till  his 
death  in  IsCil,  and  was  .-.ucccM'/led  by  I!,  li.  Tslniily; 
was  u^ed  as  a  maltdiou-e  lill  date  ol  :\rr.  It.  R. 
Tshudy 's  death  in  1878;  is  now  used  by  lUicli  .t 
Brother  as  a  tobacco  warehouse. 

In  1833,  John  Kreiter  ajiplied  to  the  town  trustees 
for  permission  to  build  a  brewery  and  malldiouse. 
This  was  uiven  in  the  hopi-  that  the  nse  of  malt  liquor 
would  take  the  place  of  spirituous  li(]Uors  then  in  use 
(chtircli  records).  It  was  owned  in  succession  by 
Christian  Kreiter,  Micliael  Muicke,  Jolin  Hamm, 
and  Rauch  &  Tshudy  (F.  M.  Rauch  and  R.  R. 
Tshudy);  was  burnt  in  lS(i5,  and  immediately  a 
new  one  was  built  by  Keller  &  Tshudy.  This  brew- 
ery is  now  the  property  of  Henry  Zort 
just  southwest  of  Lititz  Sprinir. 

The  first  store-keeper  who  owned  hi 
in  Lititz  was  Jacob  B.  Tshtnly,  and  ii 
was  but  one  other  store,  the  one  ow: 
ravians,  and  at  that  time  kept  by  Ferdinand  Lennert. 
In  1843,' N.  S.  Wolle  bought  frjm  the  .Moravians  the 
store  kept  by  Lennert,  and  continued  in  the  business, 
being  succeeded  by  his  sou. 

In  1843  there  were  in  Lititz  two  shoemakers,  Jacob 
Greider  and  George  U.  Thomas;  two  tailors,  Jacob 
Rock  and  Charles  W.  Sturgis  ;  two  harness-makers, 
Frederick  Keller  and  Daniel  Kryder  ;  two  tinsmiths, 
James  Mikscli  and  Jonas  iMeyer;  two  cabinet- 
makers, Samuel  Liebtenthaler  and  Alexander  Stur- 
gis ;  two  tobacconists,  John  Graelf  and  John  Hamm  ; 
one  chairmaker,  Aaron  Traeger ;  one  blacksmith, 
Charles  Grosli ;  one  doctor,  Levi  Hull ;  one  potter, 
Jacob  Sturgis;  one  postmaster,  Frederick  /itzman  ; 
one  baker,  William  F.  Ranch  ;  one  stone-cutter  and  J. 
P.  Christiitn,  H.  Ranch;  one  cooper,  Samuel  Kryder; 
one  wheelwright.  John  Mcllhennry;  one  tanner, 
Jacob  Geitner;  one  brewer,  Jacob  Weitzel  ;  two 
watchmakers.  Christian  Hall  and  F.  L.  Lennert;  one 
malt-hotise,  owned  by  Jacob  B.  Tshudy,  who  also 
owned  the  oidy  lumber-yard. 

1'i;e^t:nt  BnsfNEs.s  In  n:uE.STS.— The  Lititz  Na- 
tional Bank  was  organized  in  February,  1880,  and 
began  business  March  1, 1880.  Its  i)resident  was  John 
B.  pA-h,  and  its  cashier  M.  T.  Huebner.  It  began  busi- 
ness in  a  building  uexfdoor  to  Haydn  IL  Tshudy's 
store,  and  remained  there  for  about  one  year,  when  its 


m,  and  stands 

tock  of  goods 
to  1843  there 
d  by  the  Mo- 


present  building  was  completed.  Capital,  seventy 
llionsand  dollars.  Its  oflicers  are  the  same  now  as 
upon  its  Digauization.  The  only  banking  interest  in 
Lititz  prim- to  its  organization  was  a  private  degosit 
bank,  whicU  htgan  business  June  1,  1807,  operated  by 
.bilin  ICvaus,  William  Evans,  Emanuel  Kautfman, 
Saniu,l  K.  Keller,  R.  R.  Tshudy,  and  M.  T.  Hueb- 
iK-r,  which  closed  its  business  when  the  new  bank 
began  operations. 

John  B.  Eiui.— Jacob  Krb,  the  great-grandlather 
of  John  B.,  emigrated  from  Switzerland,  and  settled 
in  that  portion  of  Lancaster  County  now  known  as 
Clay  township,  where  he  was  both  a  farmer  and  a 
thriving  miller.  He  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature  when  its  sessions  were  held  in  tlie  city 
of  Philadelphia.  Among  his  children  was  John,  who 
served  during  the  war  of  the  Revolution  as  teamster 
for  a  ]ieriod  of  three  years,  having  left  his  home  for 
that  purpose  at  the  age  of  sixteen. 

He  was  married  to  a  Miss  HoU,  whose  children 
were  John,  Samuel,  Isaac,  Joseph,  Jacob,  David,  and 
three  daughters.  Mr.  Erb  followed  the  occupation 
of  his  father,  and  was  a  man  of  much  intluence  in 
the  county.  His  son  John  was  born  in  Elizabeth 
townslup  Nov.  3,  1780,  where  his  life  was  spent  as 
farmer,  miller,  and,  for  a  period  of  thirty-five  years,  as 
a  populiir  landlord  in  the  same  township.  In  politics 
he  was  an  Old-Line  Whig,  and  served  a  term  of  three 
years  as  county  commissioner.  He  married  Miss 
Barbara  Bergelbach,  of  Lancaster  County,  and  had 
children,— Hiram,  John  B.,  Henry  B.,  and  a  daugh- 
ter, Pri.scilla,  who  became  Mrs.  George  W.  Steinmetz. 
Mr.  Erb's  death  occurred  in  .fune,  1802,  in  his  sev- 
enty-seve»itli  year. 

I'lis. 


n  B.  was  born  Jan.  5,  1812,  at  the  pa- 
tmial  hijine,  where  his  boyhood  was  spent.  The 
limited  advantages  of  education  afforded  at  Iflie  pub- 
lic scliool  were  supplemented  by  more  careful  study 
at  a  later  day,  while  both  the  farm  and  mill  mean- 
while occupied  his  attention.  In  1837  Mr.  Erb  pur- 
chased the  farm  of  his  father,  and  in  November,  of 
the  same  year,  was  married  to  Leah,  daughter  of  Sam- 
uel Keller,  of  Warwick  township,  to  whom  was  born 
a  son,  John   K.,  wIki  died  iu  his  seventeenth  year. 

Mrs.  Erb's  death  ocr lined  in  September,  1858,  and 
he  contracted  a  second  alliance,  in  1801,  with  JIatilda, 
daughter  of  Abram  Lane,  of  Manheiin  township. 

He  resided  u[ion  the  farm  until  1858,  when  Lititz 
became  his  liome  and  is  his  present  residence.  Mr. 
Erb  in  early  life  engaged  in  teaching,  and  also  made 
himself  proficient  in  conveyancing  and  surveying, 
which  has  for  thirty-five  consecutive  years  engaged 
his  attention.  He  was  also,  when  a  representative  of 
the  principfes  of  the  ^\'llig  party,  for  two  terms  jus- 
tice of  the  peace.  He  has  since  that  time  joined  the 
ranks  of  the  Democracy,  though  not  actively  partici- 
jiating  within  party  lines.  On  the  organization  of 
the  Lititz  NationalBank  lie  was  elected  and  still  re- 
mains its   president.     In   religion,  he  is  a  sU|iporter 


HISTORY   OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


of  iill   eviingelical 
member  of  the  Mt 


It  I.iti 


lieini; 
iMr.  Hr 


jml^ 


eiic 


■  liui 


lieeii  :i  .-eoiie  of  great  iielivity  and  usefulness,  wliicli 
the  a<lvaiice  of  years  has  done  little  to  modify. 

Tlie  Lititz  Plow  Comiiany  (Limited),  is  a  stock  or- 
ganization. Capital,  twelve  thousand  dollars.  P.  S. 
Keist,  puesident;  A.  W.  Shober,  treasurer;  N,  8.  Alt- 
hause,  secretary. 

Seaber  &  Griibe  are  nianufaeturers  of  sash,  doors, 
blinds,  etc.,  establi^^lHMl  in  ls7(i,  succeeding  Jkimber- 
ger  ifc  Grube. 

S.  &  IL  Grosh  manufacture  carriages,  buggies,  etc. ; 
William  Nies,  wagon-maker. 

Barr's  mills  are  conducted  by  E.  J.  P.arr.  The  build- 
ing was  erected  in  1805  for  a  distillery  ;  was  bought 
by  L  F.  Bomberger  in  1871,  who  .s.;ld  to  A.  M.  Bruck- 
art,  who  in  turn  sold  to  Jlr.  Barr. 

Dry-goods  and  groceries  are  represented  by  Hayden 
H.  Tshudy  and  R.  K.  Wolle,  who  carry  on,  respect- 
ively, the  stores  originally  owned  by  Jacob  B.  Tshudy 
and  N.  S.  Wolle. 

The  tobacco  interest  is  a  large  one,  and  is  repre- 
sented by  M.  M.  Fry,  Fry  &  Jliksch,  Stautler  &  Reist, 
Buch  &  Brother,  Sanders  &  Brother,  Baker  &  Sons, 
Bruckart  &  Suavely,  Kreider  it  Frederick,  Roland  & 
Habecker,  H.  E.  Miller,  A.  B.  Reidenbach,  Daniel 
Sanders,  William  Smith. 

The  original  Lititz  P>retzel  interest  is  carried  on  by 
Julius  F.  Sturgis. 

There  are  two  hotels, — the  Lititz  Spring  House 
and  the  Sturgis  House. 

Hardware.— Bomberger  &  Co.,  W.  H.  Regennas, 
and  James  H.  Jliksch. 

Furni-ture.— W.  H.  Enck. 

There  are  also  two  bakers 
H.  Keller;  two  merchant  t 
Diflenderfer  ;  one  miller,  E 
uutnufacturer,  Samuel  Stark;  two  tailors,  Wilson 
Baum,  Elias  Buch ;  three  shoemakers,  Samuel  L. 
Delbo,  A.  T.  Litcli,  Jacob  D.  Witters;  two  harness- 
makers,  Herman  Fisher,  Samuel  Workman  ;  one 
brick  manufacturer,  John  Kahl ;  coal  and  lumber, 
Kaufman  it  Beckler,  H.  C.  Seldomri.lge,  Evans  it 
Bear;  one  watchmaker,  Thum;i.  A.  M.lchsack; 
three  blacksmiths,  Lewis  K.  JLirr,  A.  C.  Plautz, 
and  John  Sanders  ;  two  barbers,  Michael  D.  Roth, 
Henry  Oehm ;  oae  confectioner,  John  A.  Smith ; 
one  general  store,  Jeremiah  Stump;  one  stationer, 
John  G.  Zook ;  one  druggist,  J.  C.  Brobst. 

Population  in  1880  was  eleven  hundred  and  thirteen. 

Po.sTM.\sTER.s. — The  postmasters  of  Lititz  luive  been 
Christian  Hall,  180(1-22;  Frederick  Zitzman,  1822- 
49;  George  T.  Greider,  1849-53;  Daniel  Kreider, 
1853-01  ;  N.  S.  Wolle,  1801-07  ;  xMrs.  Catharine  Hull, 
1R07-09;  F.  W.  Christ,  1S0'.)-R3.  Mrs.  F.  W.  Christ 
is  the  present  ijicumbent  of  tlic  ottice.    The  first  post- 


H.  L.  Eschbach  and  T. 
ilors,  Buch  &  Son,  S.  L. 
i  J.  Barr ;  one  cigar-box 


ollice  was  kept  at  the  hotel.  Prior  to  ISOO  the  mail 
was  distributeil  froni  Lancaster. 

Tilt;  Lnrr/  Sruixc  —  I'p  tn  17S()  the  spring  was 

pr.jvi:  it.  At  lliut  lime  Tiiljias  llirte  set  out  the  large 
willow-tree's  which  now  adorn  the  grounds.  The 
place  had  evidently  been  a  resort  for  Hulians  at  an 
early  period,  for  a  great  many  relics  have  been  found 
near  its  borders.  A  broad  swamp  extended  for  some 
distance  upon  its  northern  side,  and  in  the  spring- 
time the  water  was  of  suflicient  depth  to  admit  of 
boats  being  rowed  upon  its  surface.  In  1792  a  meet- 
ing of  the  citizens  was  called  to  take  steps  towards 
its  improvement.  At  this  meeting  it  was  decided 
that  something  ought  to  be  done,  and  accordingly 
work  was  commenced.  The  assistance  was  all  vol- 
untary, and  was  done  by  the  people  upon  Saturday 
afternoons  and  moonlight  nights.  At  first  the  swamp 
was  filled  in  and  a  wail  built  around  the  spring,  a 
bridge  across  the  creek  was  built,  then  a  summer- 
house,  and  afterwards  a  bath-house.  After  this  was 
done,  trees  were  planted.  These,  however,  all  died 
excepting  the  locust-trees.  There  was  considerable 
objection  made  to  these  improvements  by  the  farmers 
who  had  been  in  the  habit  of  watering  their  cattle 
at  the  spring,  and  the  death  of  the  trees  and  other 
discouragements  so  disheartened  the  workers  that  the 
improvements  were  discontinued,  and  the  spring 
again  relapsed  into  its  former  stale. 

It  was  not  until  1835  that  the  people  again  took 
heart,  and  the  men  began  to  improve  and  beautify 
the  spring  and  grounds.  At  this  time  they  asked 
leave  of  the  town  committee  to  build  a  fence.  This 
was  given,  and  thirty  dollars  was  collected  from  the 
citizens  to  pay  for  materials,  the  work,  as  before, 
being  done  voluntarily.  Work  was  cfone  each  year, 
and  from  1835  to  1840,  first  one  tlung  and  then  an- 
other was  added  to  the  place,  which  was  already  be- 
coming a  "thing  of  beauty."  The  walk  was  laid 
out,  and  the  trees  which  now  border  it  were  planted 
in  1840.  Tlie  spring  is  now  walled  in  an  elliptical 
form,  and  the  water  bubbles  up  at  the  foot  of  a  ledge 
of  rocks  which  forms  its  western  terminus.  From 
this  source  it  tiows  directly  east  through  a  narrow, 
walled  channel,  being  shaded  on  both  sides  by  beau- 
tiful trees.  On  the  ledge  of  rocks,  at  the  north  of 
the  spring,  is  carved  a  lion's  head  in  bas-relief,  which 
was  done  about  1800.  Tlie  spring  is  a  constant  source 
of  enjoyment  to  the  Lititz  people,  and  is  kept  lively 
during  the  season  by  a  constant  succession  of  picnics 
from  the  surrounding  country.  From  the  Lititz 
Spring  to  where  it  empties  into  the  Conestoga,  Car- 
ter's Run  travels  a  distance  of  six  miles. 

Schools  fn  Litit/,. — The  first  school  established 
was  in  1702,  and  was  conducted  under  the  auspices 
of  tlie  Moravian  Church  by  Rev.  Bernhard  A.  Grube. 
It  was  subsequently  carried  on  by  Christian  Schropp, 
and  in  1815  was  taken  charge  of  by  John  ISeck. 

Mr.  Beck  may  be  called  the  most  important  factor 


WARWICK   TOWNSHIP 


in  the  scliools  of  Lititz.  He  t;uit;lit  froin  1815  to 
1S65,  a  period  of  fifty  years,  aiul  his  "scIiudI  for 
boys"  was  known  far  and  wiile  as  one  of  tlie  best  in- 
stitutions of  its  kind.  Mr.  Beck  was  born  in  (Jraee- 
liam,  Md.,  June  Ki,  1791.  In  17i)7  liis  parents  moved 
to  Lancaster  County  and  settled  near  Mount  Joy. 
He  attended  school  at  Nazareth  Hall  till  fifteen 
years  of  age,  when  he  was  sent  to  Lititz  and  appren- 
ticed to  a  shoemaker.  In  1813  he  began  his  career 
as  a  teac^jer  by  instructing  five  boys  in  the  evenings. 
He  was  asked  to  take  charge  of  the  parochial  school, 
but  refused  till  1815,  when  he  began  teaching  with 
twenty-two  scholars.  In  1822  the  blacksmith-shoii 
was  taken  down  and  the  school  moved  into  a  new 
building.  In  1832  the  school  had  increased  to  such 
an  exlL'nt  as  to  necessitate  greater  accommodations, 
and  it  was  removed  to  the  large  stone  building  known 
as  the  "  Brothers'  House,"  erected  in  17G2.  But  one 
of  the  two  thousand  tliree  hundred  and  twenty-si.x 
scholars  taught  at  this  .school  from  1815  to  18(;5  died 
while  attending  the  academy. 

Lititz  became  a  special  school  district  in  1.S52. 

Prior  to  18t>6  there  was  only  a  primary  school  ;  the 
advanced  pupils  were  sent,  the  girls  to  Linden  Plall, 
and  the  boys  to  Lititz  Acadeiny,  their  tuition  being 
jiaid  for  by  tlie  district.  The  primary  school  opened 
Jan.  5,  1853.  In  1855  there  were  thirty-two  pupils 
in  attendance;  1861,  fifty-two  pupils;  1871,  eighty- 
two;  1882,  two  hundred  and  twenty.  In  1870  there 
was  a  new  school-house  built  for  advanced  pupils  at 
a  cost  of  $8502.50.  The  present  school  officers  are 
Haydn  H.  Tsliudy,  president;  I.  P.  Bomberger, 
secretary ;  N.  C.  Fry,  treasurer.  The  officers  at  its 
organization  were  Samuel  Lichtenthaler,  president; 
Francis  W.  Christ,  secretary,  and  Jaob   B.  Tshudy, 


1803 


liigh.  At  ;iii 
"Anchor  Hot 
18-18,  and  in  i 
buildin-  the  i 
in  height.  It 
ravians  till  18. 


Upon  the 
in  1702,  a 
k  addition 
two  stories 
called'  the 


day  this  hous, 
.'he  present  bnilding  was  built  ii 
iscd  tlie  western  part  of  the  oh 
iiiildiiig  being  nuide  three  storie: 
vned  and  carried  on  by  the  Mo 
en  it  was  sold  "  under  the  lease' 


trea 


er  JIi 

..iidui 


lieck  ceased  teaching,  in  1805,  the  school 
;l(I  by  Ferdinand  D.  Ilickert  and  George 
W.  llepp.  Mr.  liickert  and  Mr.  Hepp  had  been 
teachers  in  Mr.  Beck's  school  many  years.  In  1881 
Professor  Pickert  retired  on  account  of  failing  health, 
and  Professor  Hepp  now  conducts  the  school  in  the 
liouse  built  by  Christian  Schojip  in  1702.  This  house 
faces  the  Church  Square,  and  Ikh  been  remodeled  to 
suit  modern  ideas. 

In  1805  Mr.  A.  R.  Beck,  son  of  John  Beck,  estab- 
lished Beck's  school  for  boys  at  .Vudubon  Villa, 
which  is  now  in  successful  operation. 

A  complete  liistory  of  Limlen  Hall  ai 
vian  scliools  will  be  found  in  llie  hi 
Moravian  society. 

In   1802  J.   D.  Bechler  organized   th 
College,  whicji  was  continued  till   1878,  when  it  sus- 
pi'udcd,  and  the  bnilding  was  bought  and  converted 

the  site  of  one  of  the  first  houses  in  Lititz,— (ieorge 
Kline's  house. 

H(iTi;i.s.— The  first  hotel  in  Lititz  was  built  by 
the  Moravian   Brethren   prior  to   1701,  and  was  kept 


the  M( 


Sunnyside 


to   Samuel   Lichtenthaler.      The  first  owner  in   fee 
simple  of  the  property  was  George  T.  Greider,  who 
purchased   the    property  in  ISOS.      About  1799  the 
hotel^was  in  charge  of  William  Lanius,  whose  prede- 
cessor's name  was  Touze,  or  Touse,  and  before  him 
}  Clause  Coelleu.     From  1803  to  1822  it  was  superin- 
tended by  Christian  Hall,  then  followed  in  succession 
I  MicUaerOreider,    Fie.lrrick    /itzmaii,    John    Kauf- 
I  man,  Jacob  Zeigler,  Fr:iiuis  S.liroeder,  l>r;iel  Pvciii- 
'  hart  (1850),  Samuel   Lii  litcnthaler,  (ieoige  T.  Grei- 
'  der   (1808).      The   present  owner  of  the  ground   and 
j  building  is  Owen   1".   Bricker,  and  the  hotel  is  .,per- 
I  ated  by  A.  G.  KiUiaii. 

I       Fire  Di:i'aki  .\ii;.nt.  —  In   1838   there   occurred    a 
large  fire,  eoiisuiiiiug  several  bnildings  opposite  the 
church    square,  and  endangering  the  wdiole  village. 
After  this  occurrence  the  ]ieople  saw  the  necessity  for 
I  an  organization,  and  accordingly  the  Assistance  Fire 
j  Company  was  organized.     Tliere  were  in  the  village 
at  this  time  two   old  fire-engines,  one  of  them  im- 
ported from  Germany  and  one  bought  in  Philadel- 
I  phia.     The   engine   ordered    in   Germany  was   from 
John   Gro.ssman,  of  Neuweid,  who  made  the   metal 
I  parts  only.     The  box  was  made,  and  the  engine  put 
'  together,  by  Peter  Getz,  of  Lancaster.     The  ortlcr  for 
the  engine  was  made  Sejtt.  14,  17'.ll.  *It  was  slii[i[)ed 
Aug.  14,  1792,  and  reached   New  York  in  January, 
1793.     It  was   not   completed  ready  for  service  till 
1795.     Leather   fire-buckets  were   ordered   at  about 
this  time,  some  of  which  are  in  existence  at  the  pres- 
ent time.     'I'lie  ciigiiir  imported  from  (lenuany  had 
been  rebuilt  by  Martin  Sidireiner,  of  Lancaster,  and 
was  called    "  Assistance,"    and    the    one   bought    in 
Pliiladel|.liia  was  called  "  Friendship." 

The  first  officers  of  the  company  were  Samuel  Lich- 
tenthaler, president;  Kufus  A.  Greider,  secretary; 
Levi  Hull  and  Francis  W.  Christ,  vice-presidents ; 
Frederick  A.  Zitzman,  treasurer;  and  Aaron  Treager 
and  William  KAU-r,  engineers.  The  original  mem- 
bers were  Willi:nii  .1.  K'reider,  John  Greail',  L.  F. 
Levering,  H.  W.  Hall,  Jacob  GrcalF,  George  T. 
Greider,  Joseph  Shoenlein,  Charles  M.  Berg,  Henry 
A.  Busse,  Abraham  Hackman,  Hanicl  Kreider,  Joint 
Pegeunas,  ■Permanio  {{ickseeker,  John  A.  Iniholf, 
Jacob  Fetter,  John  Thomas,  Rudolph  Christ,  Tim- 
othy Maslich,  George  I).  Thomas,  Philip  Conn,  Alex- 
ander Stnrgis,  Jacob  C.  Sturgis,  Charles  A.  Grosh, 
.loiias  Meyer,  Levi  Gecring,  John  Shenk,  Levi  Kiek- 
secker,    .Vlirabam    Cirosli,   Henry    Ilegennas,    Henry 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


Stark,  Edward  Keller,  Abraliam  F.  JMiller,  Timothy 
JSauiiiaii,  Jacob  Romig,  Daniel  Jloore,  David  Bricker, 
.diaries  H.  Kreider,  Andrew  P.  Grusli,  Timothy 
Grosh,  Henry  liiekert,  Ferdinand  D.  Rickert,  Chris- 
tian Kaut/,,  Charles  Stark,  Elias  liumberger,  Wil- 
liam Deam,  :\Iartin  Manderback,  Jr.,  Francis  L. 
Lennert,  Kdwin  T.  Fetter,  Frederick  G.  Lennert, 
John  Kreamer,  Augustus  Sturgis,  Ambrose  Raucli, 
Francis  31.  Rauch,  William  Zortman,  Henry  Dean, 
Andrew  linck,  Lovine  Clewell,  James  Jliksch,  Wil- 
liam .Miller,  William  Albright,  William  Hornberger. 
(.)f  these  only  George  T.  GreiJer,  Alexander  Sturgis, 
Henry  Regennas,  Edward  Keller,  David  Bricker,  F. 
D.  Rickert,  William  Deam,  Henry  Deam,  and  James 
Miksch  are  now  living  iu  Lititz.  The  engines  are 
still  in  existence,  though  there  is  no  complete  organi- 
zation at  present. 

Tiiic  PitEss.— The  Lifdz  Record  is  the  oldest  paper 
published  in  the  township.  It  is  a  weekly  paper, 
neutral  in  politics,  and  its  first  issue  was  Sept.  14, 
1S79.  It  is  conducted  by  J.  V.  Ruch.  Was  at  lirst  a 
six-column  paper,  but  has  Ijeeu  enlarged  twice,  and  is  • 
now  an  eight-column  folio. 

The  Lititz  Express,  established  September,  18S1,  by  [ 
J.  G.  Zook  and  C.  N.  Derr,  is  a  weeklv,  independent  i 
in  politics.  "  j 

iMfOiiTANT  Fire.',. — The  largest  fires  that  have  | 
occurred   in   Lititz  are  those  of  July  16,  1838,  and  I 
of  1873.     At  the  former  were  burned  six  buildings. 
These  were  Jacob  Rock's  house,  Timothy  Jlaslich's  [ 
house  and  barn.  Widow  Ranch's  house,  Philip  Conn's 
house  and  barn,  and  the  upper  part  of  Alexander 
Sturgis'  house.     Linden  Hall  was  on  fire,  but  the  fire 
was  extinguished.     The  house  of  AVidow  Ranch  was 
the  old  Warwick  Church,  built  in  1748. 

About  1SG2-G3,  Samuel  Lichtenthaler  bought  the 
W^abank  Hotel,  a  large  house  situated  on  the  Con- 
estoga  a  few  miles  below  Lancaster.  This  he  took 
down  and  removed  to  Lititz,  and  rebuilt  just  south 
of  the  present  Lititz  Sjirings  House.  It  was  a  large 
frame  structure,  with  porches  all  around  it,  and  a  tall 
cupola  surmounting  the  building.  In  1873  it  took 
fire  near  the  top  of  the  building  and  burned  to  the 
ground. 

Sot'iETiHs. — On  May  20, 1870,  was  organized  Lodge 
No.  253,  Knights  of  Pythias.  The  charter  members 
were  John  Kohl,  Isaac  Pfautz,  R.  R.  Tsliudy,  Dallas 
Flory,  J.  F.  Diehm,  H.  H.  Tsliudy,  William  M.  Bol- 
linger, Aaron  Hybecker,  John  Breneman.  Its  officers 
were  John  Kohl,  W.  C. ;  I.  G.  Pfautz,  V.  C. ;  W.  H. 
Bollinger,  R.  S. ;  J.F.  Diehm,  F.  S. ;  H.  II.  Tsliudy, 
Banker;  D.  B.  Flory, Guide;  Aaron  Habecker,  I.  S. ; 
John  Breneman,  0.  S.  Its  present  otlicers  are  J.  G. 
/oog,  P.  C;  William  Diehm,  CO.;  N.  O.  Sturgis, 
P.;  E.  C.  Sturgis,  M.  nl'  F.  ;  II.  H.  Tsliudy,  M.  of 
E.;  J.  G.  Weltner,  K.  of  R.  t^. ;  John  Stelly,  M.  at 
A. ;  G.  A.  Kemper,  1.  G.  ;  (ieorge  T,  Greider,  O.  G.  ; 
J.G.  Wcltmaii,  R.  to  (J.  L. 


tlie  .Mi 


discon 


th, 


An  . 


Ill  MeclK 


tuted  Aug. 
being  mergi 
body. 

A  Sa\Hng  Fund  and  Building  Association  was  or- 
ganized in  1809,  and  commenced  operations  Jan.  1, 
1870,  and  wa's  continued  till  1879.  At  tiie  last  report, 
ill  January,  1879,  its  assets  were  !?87,330.02.  Its  otH- 
cers  were  I.  F.  Boniberger,  president;  N.  S.  Wolle, 
secretary  ;  M.  T.  Iluebner,  treasurer. 

The  Lititz  Lyceum  was  organized  about  fifteen  years 
since.  There  is  a  library  in  connection  with  it  con- 
taining about  five  hundred  books.  Its  present  olficers 
are  F.  P.  Hart,  president ;  Miss  S.  Storiufeltz,  secre- 
tary ;  I.  F.  Bomberger,  treasurer ;  L.  Grosh,  librarian. 

An  important  historical  character  is  buried  at 
Lititz,  in  the  Moravian  graveyard,  who  died  on  June 
18,  1880.  This  was  Gen.  John  Augustus  Sutter,  who 
is  noted  as  being  the  first  discoverer  of  gold  in  Cali- 
fornia. Gen.  Sutter  was  born  at  Kendern,  Baden, 
Feb.  28,  1803.  He  graduated  at  the  age  of  twenty 
from  the  military  college  at  Berne,  and  entered  the 
"Swiss  Guard"  of  the  French  army.  He  served  in 
the  French  army  from  1823-30,  then  in  the  Swiss 
army  till  1834.  He  emigrated  to  America  in  1834-35, 
and  after  a  short  stay  at  St.  Louis,  settled  at  West- 
port,  Mo.  In  1838,  accomjianied  by  six  men,  he  set 
out  acro.ss  tlie  ]il;iiii^  for  I ',ilif(irnia.  He  made  his 
way  via  Forts  Hill,  I'.aiM,  and  Walla  Walla  to  Ore- 
gon, and  descended  the  Ooluinbia  to  Vancouver. 
Finding  no  direct  communication  with  California,  he 
sailed  to  the  Sandwich  Islands.  After  a  stay  of  six 
months  he  freighted  a  ship  for  Sitka.  Alaska,  and 
after  disposing  of  his  cargo  sailed  to  the  Bay  of  San 
Francisco,  where  he  arrived  July  2,  1839.  He  settled 
some  distance  up  the  Sacramento  River,  built  a  grist- 
mill, a  tannery,  and  erected  a  fort,  calling  his  new 
colony  New  Helvetia. 

In  1848,  while  a  mill-race  was  being  dug  upon 
his  ranche,  a  workman  named  Marshall  discovered 
shining  particles  in  the  sand,  which  upon  examina- 
tion by  Mr.  Sutter  proved  to  be  gold.  Upon  the  news 
becoming  known  the  country  was  overrun  with  gold- 
diggers,  and  Gen.  Sutter  was  dispossessed  of  the  land. 
Gen.  Sutter  was  one  of  the  most  important  person- 
ages in  California  at  this  early  date.  Before  the  ces- 
sion of  California  to  the  United  States  he  was  a  cap- 
tain in  tlie  Mexican  army  and  a  magistrate  under  the 
Mexican  government.  After  California  became  the 
property  of  the  United  States  he  was  elected  by  the 
people  to  be  the  first  alcalde  of  his  district,  was  Indian 
commissioner,'  and  delegate  to  the  convention  for 
framing  the  Constitution  of  California.  He  filed  a 
claim  before  the  United  States  land  commissioner 
for  thirty-three  square  leagues  of  land,  covering  the 
sites  of  the  present  cities  of  Sacramento  and  Marys-  • 
ville,  and  it  was  allowed  ;  but  upon  the  claim  being 
carried  to  the  Sui.reine  (jourt  of  the  United  States 
the   decision    was    reversed,    and    Gen.    Sutler   found 


1 


WARWICK   TOWNSnil 


1079 


To  him  more  tliaii  any  other  one  man  is  llic  irniU-il 
States  indebted  for  the  comiue.st  ol' (.^ulilorniu.  IK; 
presented  a  claim  to  Congress  for  (hinia^es  on  aceount 
of  tlie  spoliation  of  his  hind,  bnt  it  was  never  allowed. 
Coming  East  to  look  after  his  petition  to  Congress,  he 
came  to  Lititz  in  1S71,  and,  being  pleased  with  its 
apjiearance,  decided  to  take  up  his  residence  tliere. 
In  18(;4the  California  Legislature  granted  him  a  jien- 
sion  of  two  liundred  and  fifty  dollars  per  month.  He 
died  at  U'asliington,  D.  C,  June  18,  1880,  leaving  a 
host  of  friends  in  all  parts  of  the  country.  He  was  a 
genial,  generous,  open-hearted  gentleman,  and  while 
lie  once  owned  property  now  valued  at  over  one  hun- 
dred million  dollars,  he  died  with  only  the  annuity 
granted  liim  by  the  California  Legislature. 

Brunnerville.— This  village  is  situated  ten  and  a 
half  miles  north  of  Lancaster  and  two  and  a  half 
north  of  Litit/..     About  1820-25  a  store  waso|)ened  by 

Maelhorn,  and  it  became  a  stopping-place  for 

teamsters  on  their  way  from  Pittsburgh  and  Plarris- 
burg  to  Philadelphia.  About  1832  a  meeting  of  the 
inhabitants  was  called  by  Abraham  Eichler  to  decide 
upon  a  name  for  the  village.  The  name  of  White 
Hall  was  suggested  by  Jacob  Erb,  and  it  was  known 
by  that  name  for  about  thirty  years.  When  the  post- 
office  was  established,  in  1861,  the  name  was  changed 
to  Brunnerville,  in  honor  of  the  lirunuer  family. 

In  1850,  Peter  Brunner  established  a  blacksmith- 
shop  and  wagon-factory,  and  after  about  five  years 
enlarged  it  by  adding  a  machine-shop.  Later  he 
supplemented  these  by  a  foundry,  and  conducted  the 
enlarged  establishment  till  the  date  of  his  death.  In 
18ij5  the  works  were  conducted  by  his  sou,  Elias  Brun- 
ner, and  in  ISGS  were  sold  to  Aaron  Wissler,  who  is  the 
present  jtroprjetor  of  a  large  and  successful  business. 

The  present  population  is  one  hundred  and  thirty- 
five,  and  its  business  interests  represented  by  one 
general  store,  kept  by  John  B.  Wissler;  foundry  and 
machine-shop,  Aaron  Wissler;  carriage  manufactory, 
M.  F.  Hartranft ;  the  Brunnerville  Hotel,  kept  by  Mrs. 
Reuben  Becker.  The  post-office  was  established  in 
1861,  with  John  B.  Wissler  postmaster.  He  has  re- 
tained the  office  up  to  the  present  time.  The  village 
contains  about  thirty  houses. 

Millway.— The  first  settler  of  Millway  was  George 
Eby,  who,  about  1733,  took  up  land  on  Hammer  Creek 
at  the  junction  of  the  Cocalico.  At  this  place  he  built 
a  grist-mill,  which  is  said  to  have  been  the  first  mill 
on  Hammer  Creek. 

The  village  is  located  on  the  Reading  and  Columbia 
Railroad,  ten  miles  north  of  Lancaster.  It  contains 
about  two  liundred  inhabitants.  The  name  was  given 
it  by  the  Reading  and  Columbia  Railroad.  A  post- 
.ifiice  was  established  in  about  1854,  with  John  Niss- 
ley  as  postmaster.  It  contains  two  blacksmiths,  Sam- 
uel Baum  and  Samuel  Sanders;  three  millers,  Henry 
Zook,  John  StoU,  Abraham  B.  Snyder;  one  tobacco- 
nist, , I.  D.  Hummer;  one  baker,  Jolin  Falirenstock  ; 
one  shoemaker,  Abraham  Erkuian  ;  one  general  store, 


keplhySii.KHi  II.  Eiehunbcrger;  one  umU^rtaker, John 
( lood  ;  one  coal  dealer,  B.irton  Wen-er.  The  mill  is 
owned  and  conducted  by  Levi  I'.rubaker.  There  is 
now  cstrjblished  here  a  station  of  the  American  Trans- 
fer Company.     Tliey  have  two  immense  oil-tanks,  one 


Rothsville  is  situated  nine  miles  north  of  Lancas- 
ter and  three  miles  southeast  of  Lititz,  on  the  Old 
Newport  road.  About  1845  the  stage-route  from 
Lititz  to  Reading  was  changed  to  run  over  Rabbit 
Hill,  and  a  post-oltice  was  formed  and  named  Roths- 
ville.  The  property  east  of  the  town  was  mostly 
owned  by  Foltz  and  Landis.  Landis'  land  extended 
from  the  Cocalico  Creek,  near  the  Fahrenstoek  mill, 
below  the  Reading  Railroad  bridge,  to  Pfautz's  mill, 
now  owned  by  Hess  &  Pfautz.  This  mill  was  origi- 
nally owned  by  Geyer,  and  was  a  hemp-  and  oil-mill. 
The  settlement  soutlieast  of  Rothsville  was  called  the 
"  Dutch  Settlement."  The  one  between  the  Cocalico 
and  Plautz's  mill,  on  Lititz  Creek  (Caster's  Run),  was 
known  as  Rabbit  Hill,  so  called  from  the  German 
settlers  having  a  large  number  of  European  hares. 

The  first  ])0stmaster  at  Rothsville  was  Samuel  B. 
Myers,  and  the  second  I.  F.  Bomberger.  The  name 
of  Rothsville  was  given  to  the  village  in  honor  of  the 
Roth  family.  Philip  Roth,  about  1790,  bought  a  tract 
of  land  of  about  eighty  acres,  and  started  a  tavern  at 
the  junction  of  the  Lititz  and  New  Holland  with  the 
Newport  road.  After  the  post-office  was  founded  the 
Myers  built  three  brick  liouses,  one  of  whicli  was  a 
large  store-house.  This  was  the  starting-point  of  the 
present  village.  Upon  the  building  of  the  Columbia 
and  Reading  Railroad  the  Rothsville  station  was 
built,  about  one-fourth  of  a  mile  north  from  the  i)0st- 
office.  The  railroad  gave  tlie  town  a  fresh  impetus, 
ami  it  grew  rapidly.  The  village  now  contains 
about  seventy-five  liouses,  two  churches  (Lutheran 
and  Evangelical  Methodist),  two  blacksmith-shops, 
one  coach-maker,  one  butcher,  two  stores,  one  tailor, 
fourteen  tobacconists,  one  vineyard.  The  soil  is  a 
fine  red  shale  and  very  productive.  Its  population 
in  1880  was  three  hundred  and  forty-four. 

New  Haven  is  situated  two  miles  directly  south  of 
Lititz,  on  the  Lancaster  and  Lititz  turnpike.  The 
land  was  taken  up  by  Nicolaus  Ki-ssel  in  1762,  and 
the  village  was  called  Kissel  Hill  for  a  great  many 
years.  About  1845-50  the  name  was  changed  to  New 
Haven.  Tlie  hotel  and  store  is  kept  by  M.  S.  Grolf. 
There  is  no  post-ofiice,  the  mail  being  distributed 
from  Lititz.    Po]uilation,  one  hundred  and  ninety-four. 

Pine  Hill  is  a  collection  of  houses  two  miles  north- 
east of  Lititz;  has  a  hotel  called  the  Pine  Hill  Inn. 

Warwick.— The  viUage  of  Litilz  was  owned  en- 
tirely by  the  Moravian  Ihethren,  who  would  allow 
no  one  to  settle  there  who  Were  not  .Moravians.  The 
people  of  other  deiioniin.itioiis  furiio'd  a  settlement 
adjoining   the   Moravian   tract   on   the  north.      Tlii., 


HISTORY    OF    LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


village  was  called  Warwick,  and  \ras  laid  out  in  lots 
in  1S13.  The  first  store  in  the  village  was  opened  in 
1814  by  Tetcr  liricker;  after  his  death  it  was  con- 
dncted  by  Davhl  I'.rieker.  The  Keiii|M-r  House  was 
llrst  established  ab.iut  Isl  1.  It  is  n,nv  kept  by  Eman- 
uel Carpenter. 

Lexington.— A  settlement  was  begun  here  at  an 
early  date,  and  about  1805  was  called  Dundee.    Wlien 
tlie  post-oflice  was  establkshed  the  village  was  named 
Le.xington.     .-'amuel   ]).  Shreiner   is  the  postmaster. 
The   pot"''''''"ii  of  the  village  is  one  hundred  and  | 
fifty-six.     It   contains   a   hotel,   conducted   by   Elias  | 
Scheets,   a  wagon-maker   (Henry   Enck),   a   saddler  ! 
(John  H.  Phillippi),  an  undertaker  (Israel  Zartman), 
seven  carpenters,  two  shoemakers,  five  butchers,  one  I 
tailor,  and  two  blacksmitlis,     The  village  is  situated 
two  miles  due  north  of  Lititz,  on  the  Lititz  and  L.x- 
ington  turnpike,  which  is  a  eontinnatiou  of  the  Lan- 
caster and  Lititz  turnpike. 

Millport  is  situate.l  four  miles  southeast  of  Lititz, 
and  one  mile  north  ol'  Oreg.m.  The  Ia,-t  is  jiart  of 
the  Carter  tract,  taken  up  l,y  the  Wi.ter^  and  deeded  | 
by  them  to  Christian  Kaufman,  who  laid  out  the  vil- 
lage in  lots  in  ISl.'l  The  village  contains  about  forty 
houses.     The  nearest  j)Ost-office  is  Oregon. 

Rome  is  a  small  settlement  about  one-half  mile 
east  of  Lititz;  contains  about  fifteen  houses  and  the 
Rome  Inn.  It  contains  a  distillery  established  in 
1815,  and  now  operated  by  D.  I).  Lurkholder. 

The  Moravians.'— In  the  month  of  necember, 
174-2,  in  the  course  of  a  f.rewell  visitation  of  the 
various  groups  of  Gernnin  settlers,  among  whom 
itinerant  ministers  from  the  Moravian  settiement  at 
Bethlehem  had  forseveral  years  been  laboring.  Count 
Zinzendorf  came  to  the  house  of  Jacob  Iluber,  in 
Warwick  townslii|i,  a  farmer  residing  near  Carter's 
Run  (now  usually  called  Lititz  Creek,  having  its  head 
in  the  large  spring),  where  he  delivered  an  address  in 
the  evening.  George  Klein,-  Huber's  ne.\t  neigblior, 
knew  of  the  meeting,  but,  having  a  prejudice  against 
Zinzendcnf,  did  not  attend.  It  was  a  time  of  religious 
awakening  among  the  Germans,  and  during  the  night 
Klein  was  disturbed  on  account  of  his  conduct,  and 
resolved  to  follow  the  count  to  Lancaster  on  the  fol- 
lowing day.  This  he  did,  heard  Zinzendorl'  ]ireacli 
in  the  court-house,  and  was  deeply  moved.  At  the 
meeting  at  Pluber's  house,  Zinzendorf  had  beeu  re- 
quested to  send  the  people  a  minister.  This  he  soon 
afterwards  did,  in  the  person  of  Jacob  Lischy,  a  Swiss, 
and  a  very  gifted  i)reacher,  who  also  took  charge  of 
the  mission  work-'  among  the  Reformed  at  Muddy 
Creek.*      JIany   persons   were   awakened   under   his 

'  By  Kev.  H.  A.  Bricl;eMStein. 

2  A  nntive  of  liircbait,  Biiiloiu     SetUed  iu  Wurwick  towuship  about 
1740.     He  'lieU  at  Bcthloliem  in  July,  17s:l. 
iNoutteuint  «iis  lii^i.lo  Ht  iin.sblvtiiiir.     Zinzendoif  oiitfrtuin.-d    tlic 


preaching,  among  them  old  George  Kiesel  and  his 
two  sons,  who  occupied  the  farm  adjoining  Klein's  to 
the  south.  Lischy  gradually  became  first  estranged 
and  then  (1747)  an  open  enemy  of  the  Moravians. 
Other'itirierants  were  sent  from  liethlehem  to  take  up 
the  wcirk  Lie  bad  relincpiished,  among  them  Christian 
Henry  Kaueh  (afteiwards  a  noted  missionary  among 
the  Indians  and  the  negroes  in  the  West  Indies), 
David  Ihuee  ( formerly  a  Scotch  Presbyterian),  Abra- 
ham Reinke  (a  Swede),  and  others. 

In  the  year  1744  a  log  church  was  built  on  Klein's 
land,  at  the  instance  of  Rev.  Lawrence  Nyberg,  a 
Lutheran  minister  from  Sweden,  who  was  stationed 
at  Lancaster.  His  preaching  was  very  acceptable  ; 
under  it  a  number  of  persons  in  this  neighborhood, 
belonging  to  the  Lutheran  (.'hurch,  were  awakened, 
and  desired  stated  preaching,  'i'iie  building  stood 
near  the  road  to  Lancaster,  on  the  land  now  occu- 
pied by  the  old  graveyard  on  Broad  Street.  •  It  was 
called  St.  James'  Church,  having  been  dedicated  by 
Nyberg  on  the  festival  of  St.  James,  July  25,  1741, 
Here  he  preached  statedly  once  a  month  for  two 
years.  In  1746  he  was  suspended  from  the  ministry, 
owing  to  his  independent  course  and  the  character 
of  his  preaching,  so  that  during  this  year  he  preached 
every  Sunday  at  St.  James'  Church,  and  opened  his 
pulpit  to  the  various  itinerant  Moravian  ministers  on 
their  visits  to  this  vicinity. 

At  a  Synod  of  the  Moravians,  held  in  the  court- 
house at  Lancaster  in  1745,  a  request  was  (iresented 
by  a  number  of  awakened  souls  in  Warwick  township, 
that  they  might  have  a  pastor  to  reside  among  them. 
In  September  of  that  year  Rev.  Daniel  Neibert  and 
his  wife,  from  Philadelphia,  were  sent  to  them.  They 
took  tip  their  quarters  first  at  the  house  of  Henry 
Stoehr,  afterwards  with  Peter  Kohl.  _Neibert's  work 
was  entirely  pastoral,  consisting  in  visits  from  house 
to  house,  and  in  the  keeping  of  private  meetings  on 

In  May,  174(1,  Neibert  moved  into  a  small  room 
which  Jacob  Scherzer  had  built  for  his  use,  and  in  it 
these  meetings  were  held.  In  Seiiteniber  of  this 
year  a  meeting  was  held  at  George  Klein's  house  to 
consider  the  question  of  building  a  school-  and  meet- 
ing-house. The  (bllowing  were  present:  Nicholas 
and  Frederic  Kiesel,  Hartman  Vertries,  Michael 
Erb,  Jacob  Scherzer,  Jacob  Neil,  John  Bender,  Sr., 
Christian  Palmer,  Jacob  Scheftler,  besides  Revs.  Ny- 
berg, Ranch,  and  Neibert.  The  unanimotis  conclu- 
sion was  that  they  would  each  contribute  towards 
building  a  "  Gemei/i/uiuii"  ■'  (literally  "  Congregation 
House")  to  serve  as  a  dwelling  for  the  minister  and 


^  Tliia  house  stood 
jainiu  Budarf,  on  tin 


III  the  eiL^terii  edge  of  the  Iniid  now  owned  liy  Bon 
duolivity  of  tluf  hill.    Suhsi-iiiii'iit  to  17iV!  ii  «,i- 

to  cliuich  on  Sunday.     In  Febnluiy,  1700,  it  wa; 

In  1708  an  infant-school  woa  comniencud  in  tin 
lildiuj;  was  de-struyeJ   by  fil-e  July  16,  183S,  when 


WARWICK   TOWN.SHIP. 


Klein 
land, 

donated  three 
at  the  eastern 

e  anc 

tor  a  garden 

.■olla, 

laid  l.'uevs. 

rlnirl 
ci.j.'ll 

,  the  successor 
ir^'),  ocunpied 

1-    til. 

with  lour  hoys 
latter.     June 

(i    uil 

•   arrived  Ironi 
id  the  pastoral 

as  a  school-  and  nieetinji-house, 
and  threc-i|Uarler  acres'  of  li 
end  of  his  farm,  for  this  pui| 
and  meadow.     In  Xovenihcr  tl 

March  20,  1747,  the  cnnicr-s 
Myherg  and  Neihert. 

Jlay  '24,  1748,  R.-v.  T.eonind 
of  Neihert  (who  was  calh.l  t.. 
the  liouse,  and  commenced  thi 
and  t.hreS  girls,  his  wife  tcad 
28tlr,  Rev.  Reinhard  Ronmr 
Betlilehem  as  assistants  in  the 
work  here,  Schnell  hcing  also  charged  with  the  work 
of  preaching  and  visiting  at  Muddy  Creek,  Heidel- 
berg, Lancaster,  Tulpehocken.Quittopehille,  Donegal, 
and  beyond  the  Su.squelianna.  August  Hth  the  first 
love-feast  was  held  in  the  Oemclnhaiis  by  Rishop  Na- 
thaniel Seidel,  fnnn  Rethlehem.  September  4th,  the 
fir.st  Wednesday  evening  meeting  was  held.  Novem- 
ber 13th,  George  Klein  and  Leonard  Bender,  who 
lived  on  the  Conestoga,  were  received  into  the  com- 
munion of  the  Moravian  Church  at  Bethlehem,  the 
first  to  be  so  received  not  only  in  Warwick,  but  in 
tjie  colony,  all  the  other  members  at  Bethlehem  and 
Nazareth  being  recent  emigrants  from  Europe.  No- 
vember 24th  the  following  were  received  into  the 
church  while  attending  special  services  at  Heidel- 
berg: George  Kiesel,  Sr.,  and  liis  wife;  Frederic 
Kiesel  and  wife;  Jacob  Scbcrzer  and  wife;  Anna 
Klein,  wife  of  George  Klein,  and  Verona  Rudy. 
(Henry  Rudy  was  received  at  ]5ethleliem,  January 
20lh,  and  Nicholas  Kiesel  and  wife,  ^Fav  2(i,  1749.) 


Till 


L'ld 


From  November  20-23d  a  Provincial  Synod  was 
held  in  Warwick.  'During  its  sessions  the  follow- 
ing were  received  as  members  of  the  church:  Paul 
and  Louisa  Lessons,  (."liristian  and  Barbaia  Palmer, 
Jacob  and  Catharine  Heil,  Andrew  and  Susan  Frcy, 
('hristopher  and  JLiry  Frey,  Valentine  ami  l);irbara 
(Jrosch,  Christian  and  Eva  Mary  Kling,  Gottlieb  and 
Christina  Veil,  Francis  Seib,  Margaret  Bihler,  Bar- 
bara Plattenberger,  the  Widows   Elizabeth   Bechtel, 


loll 


Henry  Paucli,  Leonard  Scliiicll,  Samuel  Utley,  and 
Abraham  Reinke.  Teachers  of  the  school  until  175(3 
were  Reinhard  and  Elizabeth  Ronner  (already  men- 
tioned), until  June,  1751  ;  George  and  Susan  Nixdorff, 
nnlil  S.'ptcmber,  1753;  Frederieand  Barbara Schlegel, 
unlil  Frhrnary,  1755,  who  were  succeeded  by  Michael 


Sept.  5, 1751,  the  first  marriage  in  the  congregation 
took  place,  that  of  Peter  Ricksecker,  from   Donegal, 
j  to  the  Widow  Barbara  Bort. 
I       AuguVt,  1757,  Bishop  Matthew  Hale  arrived  on  a 

j       Nov.    7,   175.3,   on    the   occasion    of  the    burial    of 
:\richael   Erb    in    the    -ravivard    at    tlir    St.  Jauics' 
j  Church,  a   beginnin,-  was    made    in    divi.ling   olf  the 
j  ground   into   sections,  -,,,    that    those   of  the  same  sex 
I  and  "class"  iiiii;lit  lie  iiiimrd   together,  an  arrange- 
I  nient  which  is  found  in  all  llic  older  Moravian  ceme- 
teries.    Bef<n-e   this   time  interments  had  been  made 
promiscuously.     Sections  were  also  reserved  for  "  so- 
ciety" members   and   for  strangers.     On    December 
'Jth,   Bishop   Peter   Boehler    organized   a   "  society" 
!  here,  that  is,  a  class  of  persons  who,  wdiilst  not  mem- 
I  hers  of  the  Warwick  Church,  were  still  to  he  under 
!  its  pastoral  charge,  and  entitled   to  the  |>rivilcges  of 
I  the  various  services  in  the  same. 

I  Oct.  7,  1754,  the  church  council  was  organized  by 
I  Bishop  Spangenberg.  At  this  first  meeting  the  Breth- 
ren George  Klein,  who  had  in  fact  acted  as  such  from 
the  beginning,  and  Valentine  Grosch  were  elected 
stewards  of  the  congregation,  an  office  corresponding 
j  to  that  of  trustee  at  the  present  time. 
}  The  ^\'■arwick  congregation  was  thus  fully  organized 
as  a  "country  congregation,"  that  is,  a  congregation 
composed  of  members  who  lived  scattered  on  their 
fiirms,  and  not  in  a  close  settlement,  as  was  the  case 
at  Bethlehem  and  Nazareth.  These  latter  congrega- 
tions were  peculiarly  constituted  in  many  particulars, 
a  circumstance  which  had  its  origin  in  the  special 
purpose  which  they  were  to  serve  as  centres  of  the 
activity  of  the  Brethren  among  the  Indians,  and  in 
what  we  should  now  call  their  home  mission  activity 
in  Pennsylvania  and  the  neighboring  Colonies.  In  a 
new  country,  with  a  large  number  of  missionaries  to 
proviile  for,  and  at  constant  and  large  expense  in  the 
establishment  of  mission  stations  among  the  Indians, 
the  West  Indies,  and  even  in  Surinam,  in  South 
America,  it  was  only  possible  to  raise  the  necessary 
means  by  living  in  close  quarters  and  with  the  greatest 
economy,  surrendering  many  individual  rights,  and 
putting  their  earnings  into  a  common  purse.  Not 
every  one  was  fitted  for  the  labors,  restrictions,  and 
self-denials  of  such  a  social  and  religious  community, 
and  as  emigrants  continued  to  arrive  from  Europe  who 
might  not  he  suitable  members  of  it,  or  might  object 
to  submitting  themselves  to  the  necessary  conditions 
of  residence  there,  it  was  resolved  by  /inzcndorf  to 
provide  a  third  chincli  settlement  ( Geuielnorl]  in 
Pennsylvania. 

In  the  year  1753,  George  Klein  had  made  an  oticr 
to  Bishop  Sliangenberg  to  diuiatc  his  iiitiic  farm  of 
about  six  hundred  acres  for  the  use  of  the  church. 
Upon  the  return  of  Spangenberg  from  Europe,  in  the 
spring  of  1754,  Klein  repeated  this  offer  in  positive 
terms,  announcing  his  purpose  to  retire  with  his  wife 
(they  had  only   an   a.loptcd   daughter)  to   Bethlehem. 


HISTORY    OF   LAxNOASTER   COUNTY. 


Aug.  20,  1754,  tlie  legiil  transfer  of  the  projierty'  to 
the  Unity  of  the  Brethren  w;is  niude.^  In  the  sjn-ing  of 
tliis  yciir,  before  he  luul  fully  formed  the  above-men- 
tioned plan,  Klein  had  built  a  two-story  .stone  house ^ 
beside  his  log  house,  without  having  any  definite 
]nirpo.se  in  regard  to  it.  This  house  afterwards  gave  the 
direction  to  the  main  street  of  the  village,  and  aceounts 
for  tlie  faet  that  it  does  not  run  due  east  and  west.  It 
was  used  as  a  dwelling  for  the  ministers,*  and  as  a 
meetingiiilace  for  the  congregation  until  December, 
17(;i. 

The  general  superintendence  of  the  country  church 
in  this  section  had  been  coniniitted  to  Bishop  Hehl, 
and  as  the  new  church  settlement  was  to  be  a  centre 
for  them,  it  might  have  seemed  natural  that  Hehl 
should  take  up  his  resilience  here.^  The  question, 
however,  was  again  formally  decided  in  a  conference 
of  the  elders  of  the  church  on  the  IStli  of  August, 
1755.  Bishops  Spangenberg,  Boehler,  and  Hehl  were 
proposed,  and  the  reasons  pro  and  con  for  each  one's 
appointment  were  stated.  Finally,  after  the  invari- 
able custom  of  the  church  at  that  time,  the  ilccision 
was  left  to  the  Lord  by  tlie  use  of  the  lot.  Four 
folded  slips  of  paper  were  provided,  on  one  of  which 
the  Latin  word  est  (he  is  the  one)  was  written,  .so 
that  it  was  possible  that  neither  of  them  might  be 
designated.  After  a  fervent  prayer  each  one  took  up 
a  slip,  Bishop  Hehl  receiving  the  one  with  the  est. 
He  was  accordingly  charged  -with  the  organization 
and  guidance  of  the  new  settlement,  in  external  as 
well  as  s])iritual  atiairs,  as  also  the  supervision  of  the 
various  country  churches.*  November  9th  he  arrived 
from    Bethlehem   and   took   up   his   residence   in  tlie 

1  Gi-orgc  Klein  lii-l  1   ll.i..    pi    i-i   ;,,_.    |s.lent6,  .latej  n41.  1747,  and 


Stone  house,'  which  it  was  the  custom  thereafter  to 
call  the  l'il(j<:rhaas  (house  of  the  pilgrims). 

In   the  beginning  of  the  year  175G   a  number  of 
refugeQs  arrived  from  Donegal  and  Bethel,"  fleeing 


from 

atl 

rente  ned 

incu 

■sion  ot 

the 

In, 

ians. 

Some  of 

tl 

en 

br 

luj; 

It  a 

porti 

Ml  of  tl 

eir 

elle 

cts   \ 

ith   them, 

\\ 

hii 

h   w 

ere 

stow 

■d    a 

vay   in 

the 

ap 

.are 

itly   never 

e 

ow 

(led 

Pil 

gerha 

us. 

Ji 

2tl 

lettc 

rs  Ik 

d   been 

rec 

eive 

1  fro 

u  Zinzen- 

d 

>rf 

m  w 

lie 

ihe. 

;ave 

he  name  L 

titz 

totl 

e  new  set- 

Lyll.eL.m.  ,        :  :    .        (,„  hiauso. 

-.\U6.  1,   i:        11    ,.       II,  .11    .„,  AllEnueugel  (or  Ljmi)  U, 

"at  tlio  siirujg."     UiuHjci-  .Ni.\aurll,  Iruui  Laiiciieter,  had  liud  temporary 

^  This  liuiise  was  turn  away  in  the  year  ISliB.     It  uccu|iii;.l  the  bite  uf 
the  house  now  owned  by  Peter  .s.  Heist. 

<  The  first  of  these  was  Kev.  Ilaviii  nisclioff,  a  carlienter  hy  trade,  who 

(uniituie. 

-  II, «  ,ni  .',  ,1,  ..I,  .  M.  I,  :.  1    ...■!    II  .    I    i:    iMi^.      !  ...clies;  Litilz,  War- 


.1-    ,    M    .' ,    ..^1    Oley    (in    Berks 

n.aihl  ilflh.l  (m  Li;l.;.i,on  County),  Laii- 
Monocacy  (uow  Oracehani,  Md.j.and  Car- 
Uehl  labored  at  Lititz  for  Hventy-eight 

d.or  of  the  liroviutial  board  at  Bethlehem.  He  died  Dec.  4,  17S7, 
wa^  burled  on .tbo  9th,at  the  upin-r  end  of  the  Lililz  graveyard,  lie 
II  man  iif  Kreat  Iheoh.gical  learning,  a  gradu.ite  of  the  Univelsity 
ubingeu,  lu    Wiirteinberg,    an    eloqueLt    lueaeher,    a    hue    hymu- 

'  Iiih.cnspeclu  ledem  Js::.i(i<inaw,"  Zinzendurf  had  called  the  n.-w 
enient,  referring  proh.ibly  to  the  chn.eli  at  ArLlioch,  over  wlinh 
up    Ignaliu,  pre-ided,  and  vluch    >m,s  a  centre  of  eaily  Clai,t,an 


tiement,  after  the  barony  (Lititz)  in  Bohemia,  where 
the  infant  church  of  the  Ancient  Brethren,  by  per- 
mission of  George  Podiebrad,  king  of  Bohemia,  had 
found  a  refuge  in  the  year  1456.  During  this  year 
Rev.  Daniel  Neibert  commenced  the  building  of  a 
small  stone  house  for  the  possible  use  of  some  mem- 
ber of  the  congregation. 

The  above-stated  Lititz  was  established  as  a  "  church 
settlement,''  tli.it  is,  the  land  could  only  be  owned  by 
members  of  the  church,  and  these  agreed  to  govern 
themselves  personally  and  as  a  community  by  strict 
religious  and  moral  principles.  The  whole  social,  busi- 
ness, and  even  in  some  particulars  the  domestic  life 
were  placed  under  the  supervision  of  the  church  au- 
thorities, practical  afi'airs  being  attended  to  by  a 
warden,  who  was  an  ordained  minister,  assisted  by  a 
committee  of  laymen  chosen  annually  by  the  congrega- 
tion. Each  individual  controlled  his  own  earnings,  but 
was  liable  to  be  removed  from  his  place  and  I'rom  the 
community  in  case  of  negligence,  or  for  any  moral  de- 
linquency, and  the  number  of  tradesmen  was  limited 
so  that  there  should  not  be  undue  competition.  The 
pastors  and  the  warden  were  maintained,  and  the 
church  expenses  were  met,  partly  by  voluntary  con- 
tributions, partly,  and  after  a  time,  mainly,  from  the 
rents  of  the  farms  and  "  out-lots,"  any  surplus  being 
devoted  to  general  church  causes,  principally  that  of 
foreign  missions.  No  strangers  were  at  first  per- 
mitted to  live  permanently  in  the  settlement,  and 
when  this  restriction  was  removed,  they  could  not 
own  property  until  the  entire  abolition  of  the  old 
system  was  accomplished,  in  the  year  1855.  Each 
family  that  cho=o  could  rent  small  lots  of  ground  and 
a  meadow  at  low  rents. 

It  is,  of  course,  easy  to  lind  faults  in  such  a  re- 
ligious social  system,  and  in  the  cour.se  of  time  the 
members  themselves  came  to  see  that  it  had  outlived 
its  puriMisr  and  ulilitv  ;  but  il  was  unuuestionablv  of 


I  the  <. 


llanor  (MJ.) 


families  live 

1  in  the  h 

unse.  Bishop  lU 

Rev,  D.  Nei 

eit.     It  s 

erved,  beMdes,  . 

ing-place  for 

tlie  Cong 

egaliun. 

»  From  Do 

icgal  can 

a  the   naimlg.T 

fatiiilies;  fro 

ni  Bethel 

theJiingl.lut, 

niid   Alberts 

fa'luilies. 

The  Ulajoritj 

tiently. 

■J  The  orig 

lial  spelli 

ig  was  LUiL,  a 

is  pronounc 

d  as  li. 

md  for  coiiven 

dropped,  jii 

t  as  Wai 

WARWICK   TOWNSHIP 


1083 


very  great  jmictical  .service  in  a  new  and  pour  eom- 
niuiiity  in  a  thinly-^eltleel  eoniiLry,  and  il  [.resented 
some  speeial  advantages  in  the  way  of  religions  cul- 
ture and  the  maintenance  of  correct  morals.  So  long 
as  the  memliersliip  accepted  cheerfully  the  conditions 
of  the  system  and  the  average  standard  of  religious 
feeling  was  high,  so  that  there  was  a  willing  surren- 
der of  individual  rights  for  the  sake  of  the  general 
goiii^  it  suli,-.crved  many  admirable  uses.  The  mo- 
ment, it  no  longer  commanded  general  consent-its  real 
power  and  usefulness  ceased. 

In  such  a  condition  of  things  the  history  of  the 
church  and  the  community  became  one.  This  is 
most  briefly  and  clearly  |>roven  liy  a  few  extracts  from 
the  church  dhiry  : 


lu  Apiil  »  number  of   refugees  iiniVB.l  from  Donci-'al,  tho  InJiiiiis 

April2ii.  The  saw-mill  on  I.ititi  C'reek  went  into  operation  and  worked 
,ell. 
April  27.  Frederick  Weiier  and  family  arrived  as  rerngc-os  fio[n  Tuipe- 


June  7.  The 

corner-stoi 

e  01 

the  Sing 

le  Sistois'  I 

onse 

was  lai. 

by 

DiBhop  Spang 
In^a,,„«Ia 

prev„iU-d.     T 
Oct.  15    Th 

nberg, 
id  Ihe  follo\ 
M  pL-rsona  d 
Jas,  oftjie 

ed. 
sint 

moutlis  a 
le  liretlir 

1  epidemic  f 
n  was  orgai 

zed  « 

d  dy.ien 
ilh  si.^  n 

ery 

birs.     TlK-yo 

xnp.ed  the 

e  east  of  t 

,e  village  wl 

iclih 

id  been  i 

sed 

l,y  the  n.ill  « 
Nov.  S.  The 

cLild,  John 

Ban 

mga:rtne 

,  the  first  e 

lild  b 

,rn  in  I. 

titz 

(September  2 
graveyard,  \i\ 

),  died,  and 
ich  »ns  hii 

ou 

the  lirat 
on  Ihe  1 

II  to  the  .. 

terre. 

in   the 

'e"t 

house  from  the  large  spring  to  this  spot.    On  the  2id  tin 
in  place. 

Nuv.  0.  Brother  ClidBlian  Frederick  Steinman  and  I 
gina,  from  Betlilehera,  occni.u-d   llie   liouse.      They   ar 


At  the  close  of  the  year  the  membership  at  LiUtz  and  Warw 
ered  one  hundred  and  twentj-four  adults  and  one  hundred  an 


and  measuring  o 

mill.  Feb.  12tli  I 
felling  of  trees  v 
.\pril  18th  four  ui 
in  tlie  purchase  « 


)ecial  liturgy  was  arranged  for 
Ijiladelphiaand  took  up  a  house 


April  18.  Lewis  Gassier  arrived  from  Phi 

f  pl.ne  (piMb.tbly  on  the  site  of  Israel  Erb'a  piesent  residi 
M^'j  J    Null..!,,,  .Iiiiigblut  and  family  arrived  us  refugees 


church.  The  congregation  assembled  before  the 
Bishop  Ilehl  made  an  address,  and  then  went  in  proi 
of  buiial.     After  the  Litany  had  been  prayed  he  fell  c 


1  the 


in  life;— the  childl. 
I  women,  the  marrie 
I    quent  special  »ervi 

the  special  ii  i  .  iii 

ir:::::,'::; 

-Theui 

i  as  did  also  llie  iiiiin 

j    both  the  latter  no 

!    obligation  in  the  b 

I  proceeded  from  tin 
the  early  Moravia. 
and  the  need  of  ck 

'  two  principles  whi 
and  application.  Xt  first  these  class  divisions  prevailed  also  in  t 
country  congregations,  and  tliey  were  each,  even  in  the  case  of  tl 
childioii,  freiinently  visited  by  various  Pfletjers  at  Lititz.  Here  the  sy 
tern  remained  in  operation  until  the  beginning  of  the  present  centur 
in  the  case  of  the  unmarried  Brethren  ;  in  the  cuss  of  the  Sisters  Mill 
the  year  18iU.     In  a  very  much  modified  form  the  arrangement  si 


11  German  "  choirs" 

,  accori 

ingto 

ex  and  con 

ilion 

,  the  old 

er  boys  an, 

girls,  1 

le  nor 

lairied  mei 

and 

people,  vidows  and 

rs.     F 

or  each  claa 

sfre- 

eld  in  on 

er  that 

it  mig 

It  keep  in 

inind 

,,i.,l  .] 

li,s  which 

belong 

dtoi 

and  for  th 

fnr- 

11  among 

he  me 

ibers 

ind  a  close 

over- 

1,,1-teVsw. 

s  assig 

edas 

ts  PjU.j.r  or  pas- 

l-lkjf. 

wliul 

ved  in  the  1 

In  the  c 

opposed,  a 

The  whole 

onse, 
jseof 
d  no 
plan 

1,     fl      M    i' 

..i.i  1 

^inn 

ig  characte 

lized 

Bietliiv 

loltallc 

e  of  tl 

e  indU-idm 

soul 

e  spiritm 

1  sympathy 

in  a  fl 

ingcl 

urch  of  tJh 

ist,— 

1  have  not  lost  and 

lever  c 

11  lose  their  importance 

I  upi.e 


MtiU  28.  John  Garrison,  carpeuter,  from  Bethlehem,  arrived,  in  old 
to  assist  at  the  building  of  the  mill. 

Aur/.  24.  liisbop  Spangenberg,  with  the  assistance  of  Brother  Keutt 
laid  out  the  square  and  the  lots  in  front  of  tiie  houses  wliicii  are  to 
elected  for  the  single  brethren  and  single  sistel-s.  In  the  evening,  aft 
service,  the  yiaing  men  with  Brother  Spangenberg  repaired  to  tl 
ground  which  liad  been  staked  otV  for  the  now  building,  and  sang 
number  of  hymns. 

In  Ocluber,  Brother  Neibcrt  commenced  to  wall  up  tli._-  cellar  of  his    1   syi 
new  bouse,  a  f,w  loLs  bryuiid  the  Piigerhaus.  [ 

.Vur    II     11...  iiMl  -  u  ., -i.ui.il,  and  on  thelSth  our  Litit?.  family  bad    :    co 
br..inl  Ij  .I,:  -      ,       :   ,       !  ,    ■  !■  ,ui  made.  CI 

chiMivi,  III.  Ill  I.   I,  iii.nii  .  I    .1  livu  hiinilrod  and  lifly-threc.  !    in 

1  Similar  entries  occur  ticqiieiitly.    The  North  Oaioiina  wagon  passed       da 
tbroniili   l.ititi  regularly  evciy  few  months   to  and  from  tlie  iIora\iaii    i    fei 


hool  was  kept  for  tin 


morally.    By  and  by  the  nece 
systeui  was  abolished. 

»  Interments  after  this  da 


IS  mechanical  occupations  were  pur- 
1  table  and  slept  together  in  a  large 
the  Si.fters'  House.    The  older  boys 


straints  became  distasteful,  and  t 

made  indilferently,  apparently  i 
ther  in  the  graveyard  at  St.  ,1am 
le  year  1770,  wlien   the  terms  ■■  t 


'  graveyard.     In  the  lliot  ye 


much   neglected  c 


ediately  rebuilt  of  s 


.the  Brethren  Ilei 


HISTORY    OF   LANCASTER  COUNTY. 


JiLiii  14.  KisliDp  Spiiiigenbuig  uiiiKtuuced 
giegatitiris  uf  Lititz  mid  AVtii  \sick  wt-ie  tu  b 

Jiih/  i.  Tb^  curner-sloju.  uf  the  Siiiglo  III, 
Eev.  Gottlieb  Pet/.olrl,  tbeHrihitfcl  an.l  siipv 
by  ni6bu|j  B.ieliler. 

.4111;.  6.  Tbe  bretlucii  ficni  Heidelberg  bru 
fui  the  Lilitz  tboii  buMses. 

Av:j.  7.  Tbe  re.-iidenls  in  Lititz  subscribed 


Warwick  liiotbr 


■  were  r.iised      All  tbe 


.  23 

Dr.  Sc 

iiiiidt,  from  Uetblebem,  a 

rived  to  lo 

uk  after  the  »ick. 

14. 

Brotb 

r  Gulkowsky  arrived  fio 

1  Betlilelie 

m   to  revise  and 

tli 

lines 

jf  tbe  Lilitz  land,  and  to 

lay  out  tl 

e  out-lots.     (Tlie 

.to 

tbe  b 

i.daiidtMwj.  made  by  bill 

is  still  ill  e 

xi^tenco  )     . 

24. 

■ilie  cl 

ildien  bad  tlieir  lii.sl  Obri 

tm.ib-uve  B 

ervice.i 

,  Oct.   IC. 

BrotUei-  Ualier  move.l  in 

0  tbe  new 

farm-luiiise  and 

y  11 

creek, 

.  Fred 

wid  tiie  bouse  at  tbe  sprii 
lick  utio,  tbe  lii»trby>ic 

g  vacated 
in  of  Lilit 

lybimwasoccu- 

^ii 

M.  1.  b 

.r  Uuurad,  c,ir|,onter  and 
ei.buidof  St.Tlioniaa. 

wagoner, 

cceptcd  a  call  to 

,  J. 

'    -'■. 

11...  h.w  road  from  Ueading  to  And 

ersou's  Fepy  ou 

>■.  M    1.  iLLSSes  tlilough  Li 

ilz,  waa  la 

1  out. 

.1.   nf  Mr.  linllil'sc 

erk,  tbe  ti 

ilor. 

1      ■., 

:.l  ^^ynod  was  bold 

(in   Uie  Be 

ond  story  of  tbe 

11    1,. 

,    ;  .■  tii.,1   use  to  wliicli  it 

was  jnlt,  a 

Ibongli  not  in  a 

■d  c 

ihlilii^ 

...uly  Uio  lloor  being  laid 

Tlle  > 

ngle  liretbieu  removed  fi 

uui  tlieii-  lemlioiary  .juailers 

me 

iliuiied 

iiilo  tlie  new  bouse,  one 

of  tliem  I 

■ilig  David  Zeis- 

"lire 

ureli-ai 

ulenced 
tborities 

by  Uruthe 
)• 

r  Neiberl 

but 

nished  by 

tlie  Economy 

17CJ 
ties, 

14.  The 
Auj.a 

niol  of 
Tbe  da) 
of  tbe  ec 

10  Geiiieinhiius  wa 
of  tlianksgiving 
ilelusioii  uf  peace 

ppol 
(Will 

ted  by  til 
France), 

civil  author- 
was  duly  ob- 

served 
Au.j 

many 
2i  Bis 
,[,  liev 

iKP  Hell 
John  C 

glibors  b 

OCCIl|liu 

Kiulike 

•ing  pie= 
1  the  Gei 
also  mo 

cut. 
leinl 
■ed  i 

to  It.:'    T 

n  the  '.Hth  bis 
he  latter  also 

u-ted 

IS  idiysi 

clan,  Dr. 

Otto  bav 

ig  returi 

ed  to 

llelblebe 

1, 

S.pl 

10.  The  first  un- 
moved to  it  fi 

•ting  was 
tbeSi>l 

rs'  lions 

leGe 

neiiibaiis. 

and  the  organ 

consoL 

■ated,  tl 

leu  bun 

le.l  perse 

IIS  being 

lirese 

nt. 

Sepl.  2C-3II.  Itaislng  e 
0.:(.  -M.  Tlie  inulatt. 

f  Ibe  roo 
-girl    SI, 

gareH  . 

z 

Ill  (a  log 
1   service 

boine,  on  the 
with   Brother 

Horn' 
D,c 

family 
15.  liec 

eivedtiR 

terrible 

lews  of  t 

le  mi 

ssacreoftheMauorland 

Indiai 

s  by  wl 

ite  men. 

first  at  tl 

eir  setll 

ineilt 

eight  m 

es  from  Laii- 

Jan 


-Voii.  ISI.  The  new  organ  arrived  IrouiBetblebeiii.  (It  had  been  bought 
ith  tbe  voluntary  coiitiibntions  of  the  members  for  forty  pounds.) 
irothcr  David  Tauneberger  put  it  up  in  the  lueetillg-hall  on  the  first 
our  of  the  Sisters'  House,  which  was  used  for  the  general  ineetingB  of 
le  congregation  for  some  tiuu'  (until  September,  17M).  Tbe  organ  was 
sed  fur  tbe  first  time  on  December  1,  ibo  organist  being  Brother  John 

Dec.  5.  The  Brethren's  House  was  consecrated  * 

iJec.S.  A  "Committee  for  Tompoial  AlVaiis,  or  a  "  Committee  of  Ar- 


rcmilted,  and  the  whole  of  Lititz  is  hereafter  to  be  taxed  as  one  lamily. 
Feb.  2.  lleceived  the  news  of  the  dangers  threatening  our  liidians  iu 

April  G.  Andrew  llui  ii  and  Jubii  Klein  went  to  Pbiludel[ihia  to  be  liat- 

Brethren's  House. 

M'lij  24-  Two  families  arrived  here  from  Hebron  with  all  their  effects, 
the  Indians  having  made  an  attack  only  six  miles  Iroiii  Bethel,  miir- 


isitois  about  tbe  place).     • 
1.  Christnian  Feiisteiiiiacht 


.  John  Brown,  from  Philadelphia,  became  assi 

bo  Inn. 

.  David  Zeisberger  g.ive  an  account  of  tbe 


fi-c.  15.   Bishop  llehl 
ou  tbe  first  Hour  uf  the  SistoiV  Hi 

nui,  Jan.  s.  First  communion 
Tbe  surpluo  used  for  the  fil^t  tin 

Feb.  2.  Brother  Horn  received  I 
Tlie  inn  waskeptntfiistin  the  !■ 

.IfiirW,  -'J.    J., Ill,   (ieor^e  and  I 

Jfurc/,  17.  The  corner-stone  for 
was  laid  by  Bishop  llebl,  assisted 
The  document  phiced  into  the  stu 
piilia  JijiiuluLua,  and  is  dated  "  tbe 
glorious  George  HI.  uf  Great  Bri 
year  after  Ibe  building  of  the  Anc 

1  Tbe  custom  of  presenting  i  ;,c 
introduced  In  170.=). 

-  Ill  1703,  twenty-two  single  11 


ed  out  of  tile  PUijerhaus  and  uccupioi 


I  room  on  the  second  tluor. 

^  \\\-  1     .      ■       I                    iiivulluu  of  a  liell- 

diapol  of  tlie  Sisters'  House. 

6  I, I,-.,    ,1,      .    l;,i,  1   i„.  Inr  January,  I8SU,  in  a  paper  bused  upon  tbe 

diary  of  llio  Hon.  Wljlian,  Ellery  of  bis  Journey,  in   the  year  1777,  on 

se  from  the  court  as  Innkeeper. 

hoiseback  from  Dighton,  Jlass.,  to  York,  where  Uoiigress  was  then   in 

tone  house  (the  Pil^e.Viaiis). 

session,  Mr.  Kllery  being  a  member,  tile  diary  has  this  notice  of  Lititz  : 

,   Margaret    Kiesel  celebr.ited 

"  Nov.  14.  Crossed  the  Scbuylklll,  dined  at  Miller's,  near  the  town  of 

Epbrala,  al.  Me.  [iiiii   Jieunt  ^  ai,i..«]   Duiikard's  Town,  and  lodged  at 

from  Iktlib  beni,  but  one  re- 

Leditz,  a  little  Moravian  settlement,  where  w  e  bidged  in  clover. 

■■  We  bulged  ill  c.iblilsluo  doubt  the  old-fashioned  German  '  bo.x-bcda'J 

■  1    .    111.'    1    -.   ,1     ,>-    1   1  ■. 

,1     ,,;  ih   .  .    1-  ,  t  nide.     A  »ti,iw  bed  was  at  the  bottom,  a  fe.itber  bed  on 

.  ,,.        1    1  1    ^  ,, 

,'      I       I.    ,11.111  soft   feather  bod  supplied    the  jdaco  of  blankets,  and 

II           M-rlid  covered  all  ;  and  our  lodging  room  was  kept  warm 

'.'.C.           1       llM        ,,',,,1     ,,|        I.I,.      'h'.-l 

1,,,,,  J,  II,      i,i_bt   by  a  neat  earthen  stove,  which  in  form  reseinbloil  a 

d'tlic  three  bundled   alidsl.xlb 

ci-e  „f  dluweis.' 

;  This  apiieaiB  lo  have  been  in  addition  to  the  school  in  the  old  War- 

wick (,'en,.i„ATO,.jvliicliwa8  probably    now  intended  only  for  children 

■cry's    liuiise,  tbe  building  of 

from  the   neiglib„rli„„d.     In    Mav,  IVO'J,  tbe  corner-stone  of  a  sepaiate 

school  for  girls  W.I.  1,11,1,  ^^l,l,  li  »„.  .,,.,1  i„  Nov,-ii.l,er  of  tlii>j,,.ir. 

Before  this  the  gill,  h.cl  1.,.  1  -,  h  ,.,1  1,1  III,.  M,l.-i>'  II, ,11,- 

M'ARWKlK   TOWiNSHIP 


D.r.  3.   Till 


1  rt'bolved  Unit  eucli  huusi 


•  lie  311.  The  sulisciiiilii 


4,  Jinimnj.  Ab  tliuro  liuil  Loeli 


UB  guiilli-men  were  here,  among  tlie  real  Ool.  Chiytun, 


ITIJG,  Oct.  I.  Several  of  our  Brethren  went  to  la  ln.'n 
hieh,  thank  God  !  turned  out  peaceably. 
Ol-I.  14.  A   large  ht-Lir  was  Been  in   the   evening  i 


immediately  udjoiiiins  ourB, 


le  yard  of  the 

1  Illlbor'B  land, 
;lit. 


lirothcr  Payne,  from    Hetlileheni,  moved   into  the   Fenster 
ouse  and  tuoli  charge  of  the  store,  which  is  lieliceforlh  to  b( 


David  'I'anneh.Mger'o'-  new  or^in  (bu 
1769,  M.:nli.    A    anialli,o.\    epiJiMM: 

In  April.  Brother  Sproge  made  under  the  atepa  at  the  ( 
which  the  male  portion  »»t  llie  cini^iegatioii  entered,  a  va 
ception  of  dead  l.o.lus  until  the  funeral.  (This  vault  Btill 
the  pro,-„i,l  laiNonage.)     The  builder's  body  wna  the  fir^t  I 

iirrangemciil  «..>  iiriil.ably  occasioufd  by  the  emallneSB  of 


Wahl,  ill  Neuwied,  a  famous  maker.  It  was,  however,  made  by  Brother 
bchniuz,  of  the  same  place  ;  was  linished  iu  August,  1792,  at  a  coat  of 
till  ue  hundred  and  forty-live  florins.    The  hose  cost  seventy  tlorins,  and 

neckerclii.f,,  whicli  cost  si.vtcii  lloiins.  The  engine  was  shipped, 
•■  by  the  giace  ol  Uod,"  as  the  bill  of  lading  reada,  in  September,  reached 
New  York  in  January,  17'J3, 1'liiladelpliia  in  February,  the  whole  freight 
amounting  to  £1U  I'Js.  9' ^.i.  It  needed  extensive  repairs  already  in  1795. 
Itisstillinesiatence. 


ended  tli.it  a  watch  lie  Kept  on  suspicious  ppraons  who  are 

Hi  fro. 

April.  Sister  Polly  Peiiry  went  to  Lancaster  to  learn  the  art 

me  new  kind  of  embroidery. 

A  meeting  of  the  IJrelliiell  was  held  to  consider  tlie  queatioi 

Mr.  Kebsdorfi 


I  Ooveruor  of  the  Island  of  St.  Croix,  and  Capt. 
Barge,  arrived  here  on  Ibeir  way  from  Chartertown,  uia  Salem,  N.  C.,to 
Philadelphia.  They  weie  well  acquainted  with  our  missionaries  on 
that  island,  and  spoke  of  them  iu  high  terms. 

Maiji,  i.  From  six  to  eight  inches  of  snow  fell,  followed  by  severe 
frosts  diiiiLig  the    next  two   uightB.     Much  damage  was  done  to  flilit- 

^' '  X,  I  ii^enieiit  havingaummonedall  thefreeholdersof 

tlii^  ■  i:  I  (  .  '  .il  I  .uicastei  on  the  niiitii  for  an  election  of  a  coiu- 
niili,,'  ,.,mI  <l.iiii,  .  !>!  r,,ngiess,in  Philadelphia,  a  meeting  was  held 
with  ali  our  ficeholdHis  to  coiiBiilt  what  should  be  our  position  in  the 
serious  cunjunctuio  which  has  ii risen  between  the  colonies  of  the  mother 
country.     The  conclusion  reached  was  that  Brother  Horn  should  be  our 

spirit  to  come  up  among  us;  and  that  wo  will  answer  those  who  wish  to 
know  our  feelings  that  we  desire  peace  to  ba  maintained.  (The  llntlu.-n, 
like  tlieir  neighbors,  the  Dunkards  and  Mennonites,  were  non-jurors  and 
non-conibatiints,  and  had  been  recognized  as  such  by  the  British  Pai- 

Julijiu.  A  printed  uolice  was  received  that  at  the  meeting  of  the  free- 
holders in  Lancaster  it  had  been  resolved,  in  order  to  assist  the  army  in 
Boston,  that  a  collection  should  be  taken  up  in  tJUB  county  in  order  to 

was  determined  that  each  Brothershould  give  or  not  give  aa  he  felt  dis- 

ment  with  the  collector  concorning  his  giving  or  not  giving,  for  we  will 

Di'o.  2G.  To-day  the  organ,  lately  built  by  Brother  Tanneberger  (it 
has  twenty  registers)  for  the  Lutheran  Church  at  Lancaster,  was  con- 
secrated. Dr.  -\dain  Kuhii  was  here  several  days  ago  to  ask  that  our 
trombone    playeis^  might   assist   on    this   occasion.     Accordingly    live 


if  their  present  broke 


compulsion  in  regard  to  mailing  llieni,  as  it  is  still  u 
<  Almost  every  trade  exi  ejit  printing  was  carried 
the  Brethren's  House.  There  was  a  smith,  tailor,  bal 
ner,  mason,  tileuuiker,  tinsmith,  Biiddter,  linen  and 
smith,  book-binder,  (lotler,  shoemaker,  carpenter,  wt 

I    needlework  oT  vuiiou»  kinds  and  confiTlioii.iy 

The  first  mention  of  diiuvh   muaiciiiiis  occurs   i 
deling  of  a  choir-piece  is  mentioned.    Brother 


oplo.theie  being  n 
on  in  the  village  t 


IIISTt)RY    OF   LANCASTKR   COUNTY. 


ilechirat 
which  h 


selv 


i,  hut  that  hucKuse  of  olii 
Bar  mid  hi-arin;;  ,11111a  1 

jiiil  c.|iiiility  uiiiiini;  Ihi 
uileiatooil  thiit  those  «lu 


;ifts  of  I 


foi' 


Jiihj  29.  Congress  and  the  Asseiuhly  hiiviiig  urdeie- 
tors,  i.c,  those  wlio  refuse  to  hour  anus,  sllall  L-oiitl 
the  exiieuses  of  Ihe  country,  llie  liifthieli  David  Tan 
and  Christoiilier  Frey,  from  the  country  nicmheis,  w 

Awj.2.  The   militia  comiuiuy  of  the  towiiBhi].  ha. 


177(j.  The  diary,  without  going  into  piirticnlars, 
mentions  th;it  a  spirit  of  seduceinent  to  evil  found 
entrance  into  tlie  church,  was  discovered,  and  re- 
moved. It  was,  no  doulit,  occasioned  by  tlie  political 
excitement  of  the  tinus.  Mention  in  also  made  ol' 
the  rise  in  prices  and  the  scarcity  of  iii;iny  necessaries 
of  life.  ]  luring  this  and  the  foll.juing  year  the  nieiu- 
bership  decreased  by  filty-tivc.  Of  llie  events  of  the 
year  1777  the  diary  coniinunicatcs  nothing  exce|>t  the 
regular  church  events. 

177S.  From  Dccemlicr  liHli  ol  the  previous  year 
until  Atigust  liSth  of  tills  yrar,  a  hospital  for  aiiont 
two  hundred  sick  iind  wounded  American  soldiers 
was  established  in  the  Brethren's  House,  which  liad  to 
be  vacated  for  the  purpose,  itnd  various  officers  and 
doctors  were  quartered  in  houses'  in  the  village.  The 
Brethren  and  older  boys  meanwhile  took  up  their 
al)iding-place  in  the  school-house  and  the  store.  The 
weaving-shop,  the  smithy,  and  the  kitchen  could  be 
continued.  Soon  after  the  establishment  of  the  hos- 
pital, camp-fever  broke  out  in  the  village,  many  were 
infected,  and  five  died,  among  them  one  of  trfie  pas- 
tors of  the  church.  Familiarity  with  thesoldiers  had 
an  injurious  influence,  especially  upon  the  youth  of 
the  village,  the  effects  of  which  were  experienced  lor 
many  years.  Over  one  hundred  of  the  soldiers  died. 
They  were  buried  in  a  field  to  the  east  of  the  village. 
No  traces  of  these  graves  remain.  Dr.  Allison,  who 
had  the  chief  direction  of  the  hospital,  [ireserved  the 
best  order,  and  kept  the  people  from  molestation. 

In  August  there  came  a  report  that  the  whole  of 
Lititz  was  to  be  vacated  and  used  as  :t  general  Itos- 
pital.  A  de]iutation  from  the  Bethlehem  tiuthorities 
waited  on  <icii.  Washington  in  regard  to  the  imitter, 


ssary. 


iiy  ;  PnyDo'a.Tanii 


,  Blicli 


and  were  directt 
eral  director  of 
in  Manheim.  A 
dressedjto  hini,  t 
tertns,  saying  tli: 
sible,  ami  that  In 
such  step  becomi 
first  consult  with  u-,.  S,,oii  aftrr  a  now  source  of 
anxiety  revealed  ilsrif  in  the  Test  Act,  which  hud 
been  pas-cd  by  {'nirjrr<^  the  year  before,  and  the 
conditions  of  which  had  now  been  made  very  niucli 
more  severe.  It  required  the  abjuring  of  the  king, 
his  heirs  and  successors,  and  an  oath  of  allegiance 
to  the  new  government,  under  penalty  of  imprison- 
ment, confiscation  of  property,  and  banisliment.  In 
Northampton  County  the  act  was  carried  into  exe- 
cution, and  twelve  of  our  Brethren  were  arrested  and 
thrown  into  ]irison,  as  were  aKo  two  from  Lclianon. 
Through  the  intercession  of  P.iotlici  ^>chwcinit/.,  Iroiii 
Bethlehem,  \yith  the  Council  at  Lanc.istcr  their  release 
was  etiected.  Place  is  found  in  these  anxious  moments 
to  record  the  procuring  of  a  spinning-maeliine  by  the 
single  Sisters,  with  which  one  person  can  spin  twenty- 
four  threads  of  wool  at  one  time,  and  which  was  of 
excellent  service.  In  JMay,  Bishop  Ettwein  took  a 
petition,  which  was  accepted  by  all  our  members, 
iiriniiie  roiifr.iilicfnte,  for  a  release  from  the  abjuration 
to  Yorktown  (  York),  where  it  was  presented  to  Con- 
gress. It  was  favorably  received,  and  he  was  dis- 
mi.saed  with  good  hopes  and  a  letter  from  the  Presi- 
dent of  Congress  to  the  Assembly,  which  was  in 
session  at  Ltmcaster.  The  latter  body  received  him 
in  a  very  lionorable  way,  invited  hitn  to  be  present 
at  their  sittings,  and  gave  him  a  seat  among  their 
members  so  that  he  could  give  verbal  explanations. 
The  death  of  their  pre-idcnt  postponed  detinite 
action. 

A  pleasing  incident  occurred  during  this  time  in 
the  arrival  of  an  American  lieutenant,  Abraham 
Boemper,  wlio  handed  us  a  package  of  (manuscript) 
church  reports,  which  had  arrived  in  Philadelphia, 
had  been  seized  in  the  camp,  opened,  and  wdien  found 
to  be  very  innocent  mattei-  bad  been  resciieil  by  the 
lieutenant,  who  took  the  trouble  to  deliver  them  to  us 
himself 

On  the  27tli  of  May  the  resolution  nf  the  Assembly, 
in  adopting  the  report  of  a  committee  appointed  for 
the  purpose,  was  published,  saying  that"  although  the 
Assembly  cannot  grant  the  ]ietition  in  theway  in  which 
it  is  intended,  the  House  is,  nevertheless,  ready  and 
willing  to  grant  the  petitioners  every  encouragement 
ami  protection  in  their  power  which  may  ajipear  con- 
sistent with  the  duty  they  owe  their  constituents  and 
the  welfare  of  .the  United  States  of  America."  The 
diary  goes  on  to  describe  the  painful  discovery  that 
was  made  that  twelve  of  the  adult  memlicrs  and  a 
considerable  number  of  the  younger  men  had,  before 
the  rcsolntiim  of  the  Assembly  was  published,  secretly 
taken  the  test  oath,  a  step  to  which  they  had  been  in 


WAltWICK   TOWNSIIir. 


join  the  militia.     \\'hen  they  appeared  on  the  "  bail- 
day,"  in  Older  to  procure  exemption,  they  were  asked 
whether  they  liad  taken  tlie  tost  oath.     They  replied 
that  they   had    not,    hut  nothing    in. ire  was  said    to  j 
them,  and  they  were  not  again  molested.  j 

On  Jnne  12th  one  of  the  older  boys,  Gottlob  Jung-  i 
mann,  wlio  had  a  great  desire  to  be  a  soldier,  left  the 
]ilace  and  repaired  to  Lebanon,  where  he  enli.sted.  I 
The  two  English-speaking  lirotliren,  Joseph  Willey 
and  Greeubury  Peddycourt,  were  appointed  to  visit 
the  siek  soldiers  in  the  hospital  and  speak  "a  good 
word  to  their  hearts,"  which  the  soldiers  gladly 
received. 

August  28th  the  hospital  was  broken  up  and  re- 
moved to  L:incaster.  Dr.  Allison,  on  his  return  to 
the  army,  begged  that  his  wife  and  two  children 
might  remain  here  until  he  could  find  comfortable 
quarters  for  them  with  himself.  (They  remained  for 
ten  months.)  In  November  ensued  an  entire  recon- 
ciliation among  the  members  who  had  been  alien- 
ated from  each  other,  and  the  conimunion.  wliicli 
had  not  been  held  for  several  months,  was  again  cele- 
brated. In  December  the  Assembly  repealed  all  the 
penalties  attached  to  the  Test  Act,  excepting  that 
which  denied  the  right  of  voting  or  being  voted  tin- 
to  those  who  refused  to  take  the  oath.  On  the  30th 
the  church  observed  the  ai. pointed  day  of  fasting  and 
prayer. 

(Jf  the  year  1779  the  diary  says  that  it  was  distin- 
guished liy  a  great  rise  in  the  prices  of  provisions 
and  labor,  and  a  constant  depreciation  of  the  paper 
currency.  "Still,"  it  continues,  "  we  have  not  only 
had  a  sufficiency,  but  have  been  able  to  give  to 
others."  The  taxes  paid'  by  the  church  were  over 
four  hundred  pounds,  and  the  citizens  paid  as  much 
more.  .-Vt  the  close  of  the  year  the  whole  member- 
ship was  two  hundred  and  seventy-three,  of  whom 
lifty-one  were  children.  This  shows  a  loss  in  mem- 
bership (in  1773  there  were  three  hundred  and  forty- 
two  members),  mainly  from  the  falling  away  of  the 
country  members. 

After  the  restoration  of  jieace  in  1783  the  church 
and  community  flourislied.  Four  new  houses  were 
built  in  that  year.  Jlay  25,  178-1,  the  corner-stone  of 
an  addition  to  the  Sisters' House  (on  the  east  side) 
was  laid.  This  building  was  finishe<l  in  the  summer 
of  the  following  year.  July  20,  1785,  the  chapel  on 
the  second  story  was  dedicated.  June  17,  1780,  the 
corner-stone  of  the  present  church  was  laid  by  Rev. 
John  A.  Klings  Ohr,  the  pastor,  and  Rev.  Ferdinaml 
Dittmers,  the  warden.  Tlie  building  was  finished 
the  next  year,  and  was  dedicated  Aug.  i:!,  1787,  in 
the  presence  of  very  large  congregations.  The  >.ei- 
mon  was  preached  by  Rev.  J.  A.  Klings  ohr,  wliiKt 
liishop  F.ttwein  kept  the  love-fe'ast  ami  coiuniunion. 
The  new  orLMu  was  played  by  Rev.  Jt.l.ii  II.tIiM. 
.Musicians   from   Rethlehem    and   Nazareth    asM,-,ied. 


that  were  donated,  \ 
amounted  to  ^:230().t 
from  deiease<l  memi 
received,  and  "from 


int  of  $1241  were 
Warwick  school- 


the  Warwick  r.rethren,"  ?:  loo.  In  I  Mi  1  a  legacy  Irom 
Andrew  Kreiter,  amounting  to  .<10IH),  reduced  the 
debt  to  $404.7Sn. 

hi  1802  a  clock  for  the  steeple  was  procured.  The 
subscription-paper  shows  that  about  one  hundred 
and  twenty-five  jiounds,  or  three  hundred  and  sev- 
enty-live dollars,  were  collected  for  this  purpose. 

In  1792  a  night-watchman  was  appointed,  there 
having  been  a  good  deal  of  thieving  in  the  neighbor- 
hood and  an  attempt  at  robbing  the  store.  He  went 
on  duty  at  ten  o'clock,  ami  after  midnight  called  out 
the  hours.  His  salary  was  twenty-four  pounds,— 
about  seventy-five  dollars. 

Concerning  the  life  of  the  church  and  community 
at  and  after  the  commencement  of  the  present  cen- 
tury, nothing  of  special  interest  is  recorded.  It  was 
a  period  of  transition  from  the  old  times  to  the  new, 
characterized  by  a  tenacious  clinging  to  customs  and 
regulations  that  belonged  to  the  past  on  the  one 
hand,  and  an  inditlerence  or  opposition  to  them  on 
the  other.  Financially  the  community  was,  on  the 
whole,  not  prospering,  business  being  depressed,  as 
was  the  case  throughout  the  country. 

Aug.  13,  1800,  the  church  celebrated  the  fiftieth 
anniversary  of  its  organization  with  special  services, 
and  in  1837  the  fiftieth  anniversary  of  the  dedication 
of  the  church. 

In  1855  the  so-called  lease  system  was  abolished  by 
a  vote  of  the  council,  not  without  considerable  oppo- 
sition, and  thus  Lititz  ceased  to  be  an  exclusive 
church  settlement.  A  charter  of  incorporation  was 
procured  in  November  of  that  year.  The  first  board 
of  trustees  elected  under  it  consisted  of  the  follow- 
ing: Francis  M.  Rauch,  Ferdinand  D.  Rickert,  Na- 
thaniel S.  WoUe,  George  T.  Greider,  John  William 
Rauch,  Samuel  Lichtenthaler.  The  Sunday-school 
was  organized  in  February,  1850,  during  the  pastor- 
ate of  Bishop  .I'eler  Wolle.  In  1857  the  church 
building  was  remodeled  within  and  without,  at  a  cost 
of  fifteen  thousand  dollars,  which  included  repairs 
and  changes  iu  the  parsonage.  A  recess  was  built 
for  the  puljiil;,  pews  took  the  place  of  the  old  mova- 
ble benches,  and  a  vestibule  was  added  in  front.  The 
dedication  took  place  Dccendjer  20th  and  21st.  The 
present  organ,  built  by  Hook  &  Hastings,  of  Boston, 
was  put  up  in  1880.  Its  cost  was  two  thousand  two 
hundred  dollars.  The  old  organ  was  presented  to 
the  mission  church  iu  South  Bethlehem.  In  1883 
the  Brethren's  Hou-c  \sa-  reiiKHleled  and  adapted  for 
Sunday-school  puipo-.-,  ami  a  wing  was  added  on 
the  south  side  for  the  same  u-e.-..  At  the  close  of  the 
year  1882  the  congregation  numbered  three  hundred 
and  sixty-six  commuuleauts,  two  humlred  and  forty- 


HISTOUY    OF   LANCASTKR   COUNTY. 


two  young  jjcople  uiid  fhildreii,  a  t(.t:il  ol'  ^ix  huii- 
dred  and  eight  pei'soiis.     Iii.sides  iiu'fliii<'  its  own  <-\ 
•  ponses,  the  congregalion  conlribiitcd  (hiring  this  ycni- 
$2270.19  for  other  church  imd  benevolent  causes. 

ministers  sijice  I74l':  (Juunt  Nirhulas  1..  v.  Zin/eii- 
chiri;  17-J2;  .)acol.  Lix-hy.  17-1:;;  l.au  r,  iicc  '1'.  Ny- 
bcrg,  1744;  Daniel  Xeuliei  t,  174.-.  ;  Leunard  Schnell, 
17-47;  Christian  II.  liaiuh,  174'.);  .Uiraliani  Keiuke, 
Sr.,  1748*-5y;  Mattheu-  (J.  IK-hl,  1750-87;  Francis 
Christian  Lenibke,  170J  ;  David  Nitschman,  Daniel 
Bischof,  Daniel  Neubert,  nM;  George  Neisser,  1757  ; 
Jacob  Till,  1759  ;  Abraham  L.  Rusmeyer,  Godfrey 
Koesler,  17G0;  Christian  Otto  Krogstrup,  ]7(i2  ;  Ber- 
nard Adam  Grube,  17(;3  ;  Nicholas  Henry  Eberhard, 
17G5;  Godfrey  Roesler,  1774 ;  John  Augustus  Kling 
Ohr,  17S4;  J, dm  Andrew  Hnebner,  Abraham 
Kcinke,  Jr.,  17'.iii  ;  John  Herbst,  John  Meder,  John 
Fred.  Frucauli;  1801  ;  John  Van  Vleck,  1811  ;  An- 
drew Benade,  John  Martin  Beck,  Abraham  Keinke, 
Jacob  Fred.  LoetUer,  Constautine  Miller,  1812  ; 
Thomas  Langballe,  1822;  John  Christian  Bechler, 
Samuel  Reinke,  1823;  Andrew  Benade,  1829;  Wil- 
liam Eberman,  Charles  Fred.  Kluge,  Peter  WoUe, 
1836;  Levin  Theod.  Keichel,  1853 ;  Samuel  Reinke, 
1854;  Peter  Wolle,  ad  interhn,  1860;  Edmund  de 
Schweinitz,  1860;  Lewis  F.  Kampmann,  1864;  Ed- 
ward T.  Kluge,  1867  ;  Charles  Nagle,  1876. 

Linden  Hall  Seminary. — As  is  mentioned  above, 
the  chinch  iVoni  its  veiy  first  establishment  provided 
schools  for  the  children  of  the  membership,  besides 
being  very  exact  in  its  attention  to  their  religious  in- 
struction and  training.  The  schools  for  boys  and 
girls  were  held  sejiarately,  though  it  seems  at  first  in 
the  same  building,  the  old  Warwick  Geineinhaus,  or, 
as  it  gilt  to  be  called,  the  "  old  school-house."  Be- 
sides the  regular  parochical  schools  there  was  an  in- 
fant school,  and  a  school  for  the  children  from  the 
neighborhood,  the  latter  being  kept  in  the  old  school- 
house.  SeiKirate  houses  were  built  both  for  the  boys' 
and  tlie  girls'  schools,  as  noted  above.  Until  the 
year  186-  the  older  girls  attended  school  at  Linden 
Hall  Seminary.  Of  the  Lititz  Academy  a  notice  will 
be  found  elsewhere. 

Linden  Hall  Seminary,  known  until  its  incorjiora- 
tiou  by  the  Legislature  in  1863  as  the  I^ititz  Board- 
ing-School,  came  into  existence  in  the  year  1794. 
Septendjcr  7th  of  that  year  Mrs.  Marvel,  of  Baltimore, 
brought  her  daughter  Kitty,  nine  years  old,  to  Lititz, 
in  order  to  place  her  under  the  care  of  the  Brethren. 
Tlie  same  year  two  othersch(dars  from  abroad  arrived. 
The  fust  years,  until  1804,  the  scholars  lived,  one 
cla^s  or  "room"  in  the  Weavers'  House  (built  in 
177",  and  ^lill  standing),  adjoining  the  Sisters'  House, 
and    in    llu    noilhwcst    mon,    ol    the    latter   building. 

forming  a  part  ol  their  family,  in  1S(I4  the  schoid 
had   so  incicascd   that  a  wing  was  addcil   to  the  st.me 


ll(f<lsc    hccali 
:wo,.cui,icdl. 


I  struction  pursued  ii 
I  quirersare  refcrreil  t 


tela  ot  management  and  in- 
srhoul.  For  particulars  in- 
iiinual  circulars.  Thescliool 
I  has  maintained  an  excellent  reputation,  and  has  given 
j  to  Lancaster  County  many  of  its  best-cultured  women. 
I  The  whole  number  of  scholars,  not  including  day- 
scholars,  to  June,  1883,  has  been  three  thousand  two 
hundred  and  seven,  who  have  come  from  all  parts  of 
the  country,  but  mainly  from  the  Stale.  During  the 
past  year  eighty-two  scholars  were  in  attendance. 
The  number  of  teachers  is  eleven.  In  April,  1883, 
Mr.  George  W.  Dixon,  of  Bethlehem,  donated  to  the 
seminary  a  chapel,  as  a  memorial  of  his  daughter 
Mary,  the  estimated  cost  of  which  is  twenty  thou- 
sand dollars.  The  list  of  the  principals  of  tlie  school 
is  the  following:  Rev.  John  Herbst,  1794-1802  ;  Rev. 
John  Meder,  1802-5  ;  Rev.  John  F.  FrueauH',  1805- 
15;  Rev.  Andrew  Benade,  1815-22;  Rev.  Christian 
Beckler,  1822-24;  Rev.  Samuel  Reinke,  1824-26; 
Rev.  John  G.  Kummer,  1826-30;  Rev.  Charles  F. 
Kluge,  1830-36;  Rev.  Peter  Wolle,  1836-38;  Rev. 
Eugene  A.  Frueauif,  1838-55;  Rev.  Julius  T.  Beck- 
ler, 1855-62;  Rev.  William  C.  Reichel,  1862-68; 
Rev.  Eugene  A.  Frueauft',  1868-73;  Rev.  Hermann 
A.  Brickenstein,  1873. 
Churches.— The  Hess  :Mennonite  Cliurch.' 
Salem  Church,  at  New  Haven,  was  built  in  1823, 
and  dedicated  May  30,  1824.  Its  ministers  have 
been  Daniel  Hertz,  1824-30;  Jacob  Laymeister, 
1831-33;  Samuel  Seibert,  1833-37;  Christian 
Weiler,  1837-49;  Henry  Habliston,  1849-51;  Isaac' 
Gerhart,  1851-59 ;  W.  T.  Gerhard,  1859-70  ;  D.  0. 
Tobias,  1870,  who  is  the  present  minister.  In  1881 
they  had  one  hundicl  and  five  members.  The 
church  has  been  a  In  ion  t'hurch  since  its  organi- 
zation.    The  New  llavcii    Knion  Sundav-scho.d  has 


some  time. 

Union  meeting-liouse  at  Millport  was  built  in 
1846,  and  has  been  used  by  the  Methodist  and 
United  Brethren  denominations.  There  is  a  Sun- 
day-school in  connection  with  it,  which  is  conducted 
during  the  summer  months. 

The  first  society  of  the  Jerusalem  Church  of  the 
Evangeliciil  Association  at  Lititz  was  organized  in 
1871,  and  was  under  the  instnictiim  of  A.Shultz  during 
1871-72.  After  this  the  s,,ciety  was  administered  lo 
by  R.  Dreibleliis  and  ( '.  S.  Brown  for  senile  time,  but 
had  no  settled  miiiisler.  In  1874,  J.  F.  Sturgis  do- 
nated a  lot   upon  which   to   build  a  church,  and  the 


■^^/^-w       ./.       t^^cr 


WAUWICK  TOWNSllll 


lie 


rk   luiiUli 

,1.   1).  \Vi 


seivt'd  this  clKirf^c  are  ,) .  M.  dpliji^er,  ISTll-TN;  J..- 
sepli  Specht,  IST'J-Sl  ;  li.  1).  All.ri-ht,  ISSl.  Tiie 
present  trustees  are  D.  J{.  Buel],  \V.  11.  Hueli,  J.  1>. 
Withers,  C.  K-si,:.',  ,l.,hii  Kieiiier,  aii.l  Si.loiiKin 
Beaver.  Tiie  Miemher.snip  in  ISSii  is  „iie  hundred 
and  ten.  Valuatiun  ..I  lot  and  ehiueh  property,  five 
thou-aiid  h\e  handled  dnllar>. 

The  ehnreh  id'  the  United  Brethren  at  lirunner- 
ville  was  huilt  in  ISO'.).  It  has  never  liad  a  settled 
preaeher,  hut  has  been  served  by  itinerants.  Its 
board  of  trustees  are  Abraham  Eitneier,  Elijah  Bull, 
Jolin  Keeler,  and  Andrew  Minnieh. 


1'.I0(;R.\IM1IC..\L    skhtchks. 


The  pro-enitor  „f  the  U 
Peter,  the  great-;:reat-i;rai 
this  biographieal  sketeli, 
many 


boi 

t  th 

e  ye: 

r  17 

28,  an 

1    -e 

tied  i 

n   Wa 

rwiek 

,,. 

An 

>'ii^ 

>ns  w; 

s   J 

jim,  w 

ho  nia 

rried 

1  a 

'eter 

win 

man 

led  1 

Miss 

StautI 

er,  of 

OWl 

shi, 

.     A 

ter 

his  e\ 

cut 

he  re 

noved 

to  a 

ure 

lase 

1    by 

him 

and 

loeated   i 

1   Wa 

rwiek 

ip, 

near 

Mill 

port, 

wher 

e  hi 

life 

vas  ji 

ssed. 

In  polities  he  was  in  early  years  a  Deiiioerat,  and  hiter 
became  a  Whig.  As  a  neighbor  and  citizen,  lie  com- 
manded general  confidence  and  esteem,  and  was  fre- 
quently honored  in  the  settlement  of  important  trusts. 
In  religion  he  espoused  the  belief  of  the  Mennonite 
Church.  His  children  were  John,  for  many  years 
justice  of  the  peace,  county  surveyor,  and  convey- 
ancer; Jacob,  and  Elizabeth  (Mrs.  George  Rudy). 
Jacob  was  born  in  Warwick  township,  and  S])ent  his 
early  life  on  the  homestead  farm.  He  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Nancy  yiiaefl'er,  of  the  same  town- 
ship, and  had  children, — Simon  S.,  Levi  S.,  Peter  S., 
Elizabeth  S.  (Mrs.  lioyer),  Anna  S.  (Mrs.  Bear),  Bar- 
baras. (Mrs.  Greybill),  Lavinia  S.  (Mrs.  Oberholtzer). 
Jacob  Reist  was  a  citizen  of  much  influence,  and  of 
superior  executive  ability.  He  wiis  in  politics  an  Anti- 
IMason,  a  Whig,  and  later  a  Republican.  His  death 
occurred  during  the  year  18GS,  in  his  eighty-third  year, 
his  wife's  death  having  taken  jdace  during  the  year 
1858.  Their  son,  Peter  S.,  was  born  on  the  7th  of 
Jlarch,  182a,  at  the  family  home  near  Millport,  where 
the  years  of  his  boyhood  were  spent,  ehi,  llv  at  .school 
or  actively  employed  in  tillint:  tin-  .-oil,  and  also  in 
teaching.  At  a  later  period  he_r( moved  to  the  west- 
ern iK.rtion  of  Illinois^,  where,  h'aving  secured  a  tract 
of  land,  he  engaged  in  tanning,  and  also  in  baiikin-. 
est.ibli.-liing,  in  conjunction  with  other  parties,  a  pii- 


liank.  'I'lir  year  ISIS  luuiid  him  again  a  citizen  of 
l..ui,a-.ui  County  and  e-tabli-hed  upon  the  family 
Innla^e,  wlier.-  lie  rrmaiiied  for  twenty  years.  . 

lie  «:,.  , named,  in  |.s.-,il,  to  Mi>s  Susan,  daughter 
ui  I  lroi-i_r,.  Siork,  (d  Leaeoek  township,  Lancaster  (Jo., 
and  ha-  .liildreii  ,-Sallie  I  M  rs.  Stanller)  and  Alice 
(JIrs,  WoU,-,.  1,1  lS7,s  be  removed  to  Lititz,  having  re- 
tired from  artive  laiiu  labor.  .Mr.  Reist  is  a  director  of 
the  First  .National  Bank  of  Lancaster  and  one  of  its 
founders.  He  is  a  director  and  treasurer  of  the  Lan- 
caster and  Ephrata  Turnpike  Comjiany,  president  of 
the  Lancaster  County  Hail  Insurance  Company,  and 
president  of  the  Lititz  Plow  and  Implement  Works. 

lie  is  president  and  director  of  the  Lititz  ami 
Rothville  Turnpike  Company,  and  a  member  id'  the 
Lancaster  County  and  Slate  Hortieullural  Societies. 
He  was  in    l.STd  elected  Iru.-tee  i,i  the   Oregon    Lnion 

delegate  to  the  great  Northuestern   Agricultural  and 


Horticultural  E 


Ijawrence,  Kansas,  troi 


going 


with 


in  W.  Forne 
y  whicli  latt 
Iher  p'.iiils  i 


with  what  was  kuowi 
Free  E.xcursion,"  am 
niadea  toni  t..  Leadv 
the  West. 

He  is  a  Republican  in  his  political  principle-,  and 
has  among  other  olhces  filled  acceptably  that  ol  school 
director  of  his  township.  His  integrity  and  discretion 
have  made  his  services  valuable  and  much  desired  in 
the  settlement  of  estates,  and  in  fulfilling  the  re- 
sponsible duties  (d  guardian.  He  was  educated  a 
Jlennonite,  but  now  wor-hips  with  the  .Moravians. 


(ii;on(iE  li.  sii'iBiiK. 
Andrew  Shober,  the  progenitor  of  the  family,  was 
born  in  Neu  Hofiinansdorf,  Moravia,  Germany,  in 
1710,  and  came  to  Bethlehem,  Pa.,  in  1742,  where  he 
died  in  1792,  aged  eiglity-two  years.  His  son  An- 
drew was  born  in  Bethlehem  in  1749,  and  married 
Miss  Thomas,  of  Lititz.  His  death  occurred  near  the 
latter  place  in  1805.  His  son  John  was  born  in  Man- 
heim  in  1770.  He  resided  in  the  township  of  War- 
wick, where  he  followed  fanriing  occupations,  and 
erected,  in  1808,  the  dwelling  upon  the  homestead  farm, 
later  occupied  by  his  son.  He  was  united  in  marria-e 
to  Miss  Elizabeth  Bender,  and  had  three  sons,— Epli- 
raim,  George 'B.,  and  one  who  died  in  youth.  The  death 
of  Mr.  Shober  occurred  in  1847,  in  his  seventy-seventh 
year.  His  son,  George  B.,  was  horn  Sept.  7,  1795,  on 
the  homestead  at  Kls^el  11  ill,  now  New  Haven,  in  War- 
wick townshiji.  He.  rreeived  «  iu'ii  a  lad  the  ordinary 
advantages  id'  ediiealiou,  and  eaily  ai  .|Uired  a  knowl- 
edge of  farm  labor.  HaMiig  d. Tided  .d-o  to  learn  a 
trade,  he  chose  (hat  of  a  -lone-rnlter,  but,  jiivf,  iniig 
an  agricultural  lile,  gave  little  altnition  to  ,,tli.  r  pur- 
suits. He  ii.ained'Marv,  daugliler  ol  I'elrr  liiirh, 
of  the  same  towii-liip.  .iiid  bad  one  ,.oii,  .\iiuu-lu-  \V., 
who   resides   in  Lititz.     .Mr,.  Sbober's  death  orciirred 


HISTORY    OV   LANCASTER   COUNTY. 


May  13,  1S72,  in  her  sixty-seventh  year.  Mr.  Shober, 
after  liis  marriage,  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at 
New  Haven,  whicli  were  continued  until  1855,  wlien 
he  abandoned  active  business  and  led  a  life  of  retire- 
ment. In  politics  he  was  originally  a  Whig,  but  later 
became  a  Republican,  though  tlie  excitements  of 
political  life  were  not  in  harmony  with  his  iiuii  t 
tastes.  He  was  identified  with  the  German  LutliLian 
Churcli  of  New  Haven,  of  which  lie  was  a  member. 
Mr.  Sh(),ber's  death  occurred  Dec.  9,  1S77,  in  his 
eighty-third  year. 


ISAAC    G..  PFAUTZ. 

The  good  ship  ■'  William"  sailed  from  Amsterdam, 
Holland,  before  the  year  1709,  and  brought  among 
her  passengers  one  John  Michael  Pfautz,  who  landed 
in  Philadelphia.  He  settled,  lived,  and  died  at  Ger- 
mantown,  now  within  the  limits  of  Philadelphia.  His 
posterity  at  present  peoples  nearly  every  portion  of 
the  United  States.  In  a  direct  line  of  descent  was 
John,  the  giandfather  of  Isaac  G.,  who  married 
Elizabeth  Heller.  He  was  born  Jan.  4,  1772,  and 
after  living  a  life  of  much  usefulness  and  influence, 
died  Dec.  23,  1857.  Their  children  were  Joel,  Anna, 
Mary,  Lydia,  John,  Leah,  Ephraim,  Joseph,  and 
Daniel. 

Joseph  was  born  Aug.  22,  1814,  on  the  homestead, 
where  his  death  occurred  Jan.  1,  1880,  in  his  sixty- 
sixth  year.  He  married  Martha,  daughter  of  Daniel 
Greybill,  and  had  children,— Iliram,  Isaac,  Elizabeth, 
Mary.  His  son  Isaac  was  born  Feb.  24,  1841.  His 
youth  was  spent  upon  the  farm  of  his  parents,  after 
which  he  removed  to  Lititz  and  engaged  in  the  pur- 
chase and  sale  of  horses.  This  occupation  still  engages 
Ills  attention,  and  has  been  very  successfully  con- 
ducted by  him.  He  married  Maria  L.,  daughter  of 
John  Minnich.  Their  ten  children  are  Ellen  Mary, 
Amanda,  Wellington,  Lizzie,  Mazie,  Isaac  M.,  Joseph 
Barton,  Emma,  John,  and  Charles.  Mr.  Pfautz,  at  a 
later  period,  removed  to  a  farm  adjacent  to  the  village 
of  Lititz,  where  he  now  resides,  and  combines  the 
labors  of  au  agriculturist  with  the  business  of  a  gen- 
eral speculator.  Though  not  actively  engaged  in 
public  enterprises,  he  is  a  director  of  the  Lititz  and 
Rothville  Turnpike  Company.  He  was  formerly  an 
ardent  working  Democrat,  and  served  as  a  member  of 
the  township  committee.  Though  still  of  the  same 
political  creed,  he  devotes  less  time  than  formerly  to 
the  annual  ]>arty  contests,  his  private  business  leaving 
little  opportunity  for  such  demands. 


TIIK    TSIITIDV    FAMILY. 

le  'I'.sliudy  family  are  of  Swiss  descent,  the  first 
fsi-ntativc  in  America  having  been  Henry,  who 
cd  in  Lancaster  County,  and  was  aiming  the 
/   founders  of  the  town  of  Lititz  in  that  couniv. 


Among  his  sons  was  Christian,  who  married  and  had 
among  his  children  a  son,  Matthias,  who  resided  in 
Lititz.  He  married  Miss  Catherine  niickcnsderfcr, 
of  thCjSame  place,  and  had  four  cliiMnn  who  sur- 
vived,—Salome  (Mr3.Hiiel)ii.r),Mar>  (Mrs.  Leibcrt), 
Jacob  15.,  mid  Pauline. 

Jacob  B.,  the  only  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Tshudy, 
\va^  born  Nov.  30,  1805,  in  ],ititz.  This  place  con- 
tinued to  be  his  residence,  where  he  engaged  in  mer- 
cantile pursuits,  and  was  also  interested  in  the  lum- 
ber business  and  proprietor  of  the  Lititz  Malt-House. 
He  was  largely  identified  with  the  commercial  pros- 
perity of  the  place  of  his  residence,  and  one  of  its 
most  influential  citizens.  He  served  two  terms  as 
county  auditor,  and  was  for  several  years  a  member 
of  the  board  of  prison  inspectors  of  Lancaster  County. 
He  represented  his  county  in  the  State  board  of  rev- 
enue commissioners,  was  for  a  long  series  of  years  a 
director  of  the  Farmers'  National  Bank  of  Lancas- 
ter; served  as  treasurer  of  the  Reading  and  Colum- 
bia Railroad  Company,  and  treasurer  ot  tlie  Lancas- 
ter and  Lititz  Turnpike  Company.  His  death  oc- 
curred Nov.  8,  ISGO. 

He  married  Miss  Caroline  Ilarbach,  of  Frederick 
County,  Md.,  and  had  children,— Sally  C,  who  be- 
came Mrs.  Dr.  O.  T.  Huebner,  of  Lancaster,  and 
whose  death  occurred  in  1856  ;  Richard  R.,  also  de- 
ceased ;  Haydn  H. ;  Mary  A.  (Mrs.  E.  P.  Blickens- 
derfer),  of  Cleveland,  Ohio.  Mr.  Tshudy  was  in  his 
political  predilections  a  Whig,  and  naturally  gravi- 
tated to  the  ranks  of  the  Republican  party  on  its 
organizatiou. 

His  .son,  Richard  R.  Tshudy,  was  educated  at  Lititz 
Academy  and  Nazareth  Hall,lind  was  by  occupation 
a  civil  engineer.  He  was  a  zealous  Democrat,  and  for 
many  years  chairmau  of  the  Democratic  County  Com- 
mittee of  Lancaster  County.  He  was  twice  elected 
school  director  of  the  Lititz  School  District,  which  is 
strongly  Republican,  and  also  elected  justice  of  the 
peace,  receiving  a  majority  of  fifty-three  over  his 
Republican  opponent,  while  the  balance  of  the  Re- 
publican ticket  was  elected  by  two  hundred  and  sev- 
enty-seven majority.  In  1874  he  was  the  Democratic 
candidate  fur  senator  from  the  northern  district  of 
Lancaster  County,  and  though  not  successful,  ran  far 
ahead  of  his  ticket.  He  died  in  June,  1878,  aged 
forty-three  years,  leaving  one  son,  Robert  Haydu. 

Haydn  H.  was  borji  June  12,  1840,  in  Lititz,  where 
the  years  of  his  youth  were  spent.  Tlie  Lititz  Acnd- 
cmy  allorded  him  early  educational  op])Ortunities, 
alter  wliicli  his  studies  were  completed  at  Nazareth 
Hall,  in  Northampton  County,  Pa.  Having  decided 
upon  an  active  business  life,  he  entered  the  store  of 
Hager  Brothers  in  Lancaster,  and  devoted  a  period  of 
four  years  to  familiarizing  himself  with  its  routine, 
after  which  he  returned  to  Lititz  and  entered  tlie 
<illiceof  his  father,  who  was  then  treasurerof  the  Read- 
ing and  Cohiiiibia  Kailroad.  He  also  for  a  time  filled 
the   ollice  of  licketageiit   for  this  railroad.     On   the 


^^^^^^.d^-  /-^  <^L 


WAllWIOK  TOWNSFIIP. 


retiremeiil  of  his  father,  Mr.  TsliiuJy  siicceeiled  to 
liis  mercantile  interest,  ■.ukI  has  siiiee  been  actively 
engaged  in  business  0|]erations. 

He  was  married  in  18GS  tu  Jliss  Kinnia  J.,  danjrh- 
ter  of  Dr.  Levi  Hnll,  an  early  practitioner  in  Litilz. 
The  children  of  Mr.  and  Jfrs.  Tshudy  are  Mary  H., 
Harry  R.,  E.  Carrie,  Laura  L,  Haydn  H.,  and  two 
who  died  in  infancy.  Mr.  Tshudy,  both  in  his  busi- 
ness i|nd  political  relations,  has  been  and  is  a  re|ire- 
sentative  citizen  of  the  county.  He  affiliates  with 
the  Republicau  party,  and  was  honored  as  its  repre- 
sentative in  the  State  Legislature  during  the  sessions 
of  1873-74.     He  served  on  the  Committees  on  Rail- 


Immorality,  Corpor 


tlOMS 


Ac 


Its. 


He  is  greatly  interested  in  llic  cauic  of  education, 
1   and  has  represented  the  sclinol  liomd  of  his  borough 

since  h's  first  election  in  lS(i4.  He  al-o  holds  the 
I  office  of  notary  public.  He  is  a  director  of  the  Lan- 
j  caster  and  Lititz  Turnpike  Company,  and  also  of  the 

Manheim  Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Company. 
j       The  religious  creed  of  the  family  is  that  of  the 
'  church  of  the  Moravians,  Mr.  Tshudy  being  a  trustee 

of  the  church  at  Lititz,  and  an  active  worker  in  the 
[  Sunday-school,  which  has  for  years  engaged  his  at- 
I  tention. 


ADD  EN.  DA. 


Marietta  and  Susquehanna  Trading  Company. 

—  Ill  ISlL',  lleiay  C';i~>,.|  .,|„.,k.<I  a  |,rivatr  l.unkii,-- 
hoiise,  which  wiis  an  office  of  aiscount  an,!  ilr|M.sii 
only.  The  notes  he  gave  were  made  payahlc  at  "  iiiv 
banking-house."  In  tlie  summer  of  1S13  a  eonipany 
was  organized  under  tlie  title  which  heads  this  article, 
and  Joliii  Graeli',  of  Lancaster,  was  chosen  treasurer 
of  the  company.  On  Sept.  10,  1813,  they  opened 
books,  and  asked  the  public  to  subscribe  for  .stock. 

This  company  was  the  successor  of  Sir.  Cassel's 
bank.  It  was  an  office  of  discount  and  deposit  only, 
which  did  not  fully  meet  the  wants  of  the  business 
community,  and  hence  we  find  them  a|)plying  to  the 
Legislature  for  a  charter  authorizing  the  bank  to  issue 
bank-notes  for  general  circulatinn,  which  was  granted 
on  tlie  19th  day  of*  :\ray,  1814. 

The  following  is  the  report  of  the  Marietta  Bank  : 

stock  pai.lin S261,450.UO 

Notes  in  circnlation 228.230.0(1 

Due  to  other  liaoka I.=i,182ii7 

By  bills  discounted 490,2:18.00 

Foreign  notes 17,3liJ.llO 

Specie 7,832  uO 

The  above  institution  held  no  real  estate,  and  its 
personal  property  amounted  to  but  §700.  Shortly 
previous  to  the  suspension  of  specie  payments  this 
bank  paid  out  §30,000. 

Some  idea  may  be  had  from  this  statement,  which 
embraces  but  seven  months  of  the  year  1814,  of  the 
business  done  in  Marietta.  Edward  Hand,  of  Lan- 
caster, was  the  first  clerk.  Jacob  Rohrer,  Esq.,  suc- 
ceeded Mr.  Graetr  as  cashier  in  1810,  and  held  that 
position  two  years,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Wil- 
liam Childs,  Esf|.,  cashier,  and  Maj.  John  IIuss,  clerk. 
The  condition  of  the  bank  gradually  grew  worse, 
until  it  refused  to  redeem  its  own  notes,  which  indi- 
cated that  dissolution  was  near  at  hand.  It  came, 
liowever,  sooner  than  the  public  expected. 

In  1S21  alleged  burglars  entered  tlie  bank  at  night, 
forced  open  the  vault,  and  abstracted  therefrom  the 
books  and  notes  which  furnished  evidence  of  indebt- 
edness to  the  bank.  Many  years  afterwards  some  of 
the  hooks  were  Ibund  buried  some  distance  away  from 
tlie  town. 

Although  the  affair  had  the  api)earance  of  com- 
plicity with  the  ottierr^  of  the  hank,  it  is  supposed 
that  nunc  of  tluni  liad  aiiytliiiig  to  do  with  it,  and 
that  it  w.is  tlie  work   of  a   lew  persons  who  owed  the 


llieir  reileiiiptiuii,  and  when  the  bank  failed  they 
:lit  redie-s>  tlirmigh  the  Legislature. 

eoiniiiittee  was  appointed  to  investigate  the 
irs  of  the  bank,  and  they  sent  the  sergeaut-at- 
s  to  Marietta  to  arrest  the  bank  directors  and 
'  them  to  Harrisburg  before  the  committee.  They 
attempted  to  arrest  Jacob  Grosb,  Es(|.,  who  stood 
II  his  legal  rights  and  refused  to  obey  the  sum- 
is.  He  was  in  no  way  responsible  for  the  bank's 
ire,  and  he  declined  to  be  made  a  cat's-paw  for 
benefit  of  the  unfortunate  speculators  in  Slarietta 
k  notes,  !\Ir.  Grosh's  determination  saved  the 
ctors   of  the    bank    from    nnich    annoyance   and 


Marietta  was  without  a  bank  lor  thirty-five  years. 
The  present  Marietta  Bank  commenced  business  in 
the  banking-house  of  the  old  Susquehanna  Trading 
Company,  which  is  located  on  Second  Street,  near 
Elbow  Lane. 

I  By  some  inadvertence  the  manuscript  of  this  hank 
was  mislaid,  and  is  now  inserted  out  of  its  regular 
order.  1 


'!>,  for  "  sou"  read  "brother." 
for  "  Codoms"  read  "  Codorus." 
[om,  for  "Jacob"  read  "  Josepli." 
:up,  for  "  Reeses"  read  "Reeves." 
op,  for  "  Teech"  read  "  Leech  " 


eifer" 


oler'read"nigl 

i  Martin's  Crockery  Stor 

Page  651,  Sib  an 

1  10th  lines  from  bottom. 

Pnt-e  652,  justice 

of  the  peace,  for  "  David 

.  Drniier." 

Page  6.',2,  3d  line 

fiom  to)),  for"TanipeIer' 

Page  553,  25th  li 

e  from  top,  for '-Mel.er" 

Page  S.ST,  23d  line  from  top,  for  "HilTer" 

'K<-.  hot in..., 

a"SUelin"read"Sler:e 

iiinihe 
10'J2 


I N  D  E  X. 


Allen,  I'etor,  10. 
Aliuslioiise,  212. 
Attorneys,  aiiinission  of,  224. 
Allee,  Williom  Ausmtus,  226. 

Attorueys.fit-litw,  liat  of,  244. 
Atlee,  Dr.  Eilwhi  A.,  249. 
Aldoraterrcn,  Dr.  G.  W.,  250. 
Atlee,  Dr.  John  Light,  2,')7. 
Aichmiller,  Dr.,  25^!. 
Aguew,  D.  lUyes,  M.D.,  LL.D.,  273. 
AlUright,  Dr.  Fniiicis  G  ,282. 
Ale.xiiniler,  Dr.  H.  M.,239. 
Anuor,  Dr.  Smith,  298. 
AngstJidl,  Dr.  John,  298. 
AiMish,  -iU. 


,344. 


AB.icuUur.il 
Atlee,  Willi. 


KviLrigt.liciil  A»SDCiiitii)ii,  049. 
,  l'    A.  SI,.(i49. 


hat.facturie.s,  C..'".!. 

timiieriea,  IJ51. 

JistllleriBB,  Col. 

griat-iiiill,  IB2. 

cigar-fiitti.iy,  052. 

priiiting-ufflci',  C.52, 

horough  in  1.H83,  i;.5. 

Ad.in.s  ninii'.y,  017. 

An.lrt-wa,  fliigh,  727. 

Aiidd-soii,  Ituv.  Jariiea 

774 

AJulr,J,w<"|.h,86l). 

Amhlur,  \Villimu,9M. 

Aiinstroiigfumily,  971 

liuul.leii.  Dr.,  200. 

Burrowts,  Dr.  Francis  S  ,  272. 

Ik'ar,  D[.,  2J3. 

lirunur,  Daniel  1.,  M.D.,  279. 

Howinan,  UJmund  J.,  M.D  ,  281. 

Bushong,  Dr.  Irtrael,  282. 

Bi'rntheizel,  Dr.  G.  W.,  283. 

lirackhill,  Dr.  Joseph,  233. 

n..cliiiis.  Dr.  S.  A,  2Si. 

Heane.  Dr.  Georgn  W  ,  234. 

Ul.icknouil.  Dr.  William.  234. 


.  Dr. 


,  Dr.  Jii 


,  M.D.,  2.' 

.  M.,  23S. 


lurg.  Dr.  Washington,  293. 
lollinger.  Dr.  William  D  ,  293. 
litaer,  Charles  Aug.,  323. 
lethel,  Saninel,  302,  502. 


I.  Jacy 


Bilner,  Ahrahain,  52 
llauingarduer,  Tlion 
liarher,  Uohert,  538, 

Uun.lo,  M.ij.  Thomas 
Uealty,  Willnuii  1'., . 
llaclimau,  John  U., .' 
liueher,  Frederic,  59 
Brandt,  J...,e|.h  I,.,  0 
Uurrowes,  Thomas  1 
BooU.  Ilenrv  U..  Ol'.J 


ta.lahleain  1782,071 

Brown,  Lea  i'.,  8ll3. 
llrown,  Joshua,  851. 
Brown,  Judge  .rereniiah,  SOI 
Boughwalter,  .roBe|,h,VJ3. 
Bare,  Martin,  8ti.i. 
Bnili,Col.  L.I,.,  ■.nil. 
B.iusinan,  I'hilip,  911. 
Bnshong  family,  924. 
Boohm,  John,  075. 


071. 


I  Brecknock  township,  073. 
(       topr-graphy,  073. 

early  settlers  of,  073. 
I        organized,  676. 
I       important  roads  in,  076. 
i        land-owners  in  1782,  676. 
;       mills  in,  676. 
I       i»ioneer  physician  in,  677. 


Bowman,  Samuel,  685. 

BrobHUerf.imily,701. 

B.rit^  family.  702. 

Becker  family,  720. 

B.en.mun,  Melcholr,750, 

Bayly  family,  763. 
I    liuggs,  Rev.  Thonnis  Marshall,  776. 
I    B.iggs,  Capt.  AU-.xander,  738. 
1    Bradley,  J.inies,  B.'.O 


Bun 


3,  S07. 

Josiah,  1023. 
Kohert,  1051. 
Sloses,  11151. 
Daniel,  1051. 
ohu, 1051. 
haliiel,  II164. 
1,  Hunrv  Xefr, 


,  Mnitlii,7,  15. 


1094 


Courts,  r.rg,iiii/al 

epeciiil,  iil. 

justices  of,  224, 
C.sr|.e„tcr,  Dr.  II, 
Cul|jl,crl.~Mii,  Ur. 


Cuwiin,  Dr.  W.  I,.,  2t;:). 
CiiriH-nler,  Dr.  J.  Bales,  2G3. 
Cabsiiiy,  Drs.  A.  M.  .and   P.,  272. 
Cocluaji  J^lr.  KklmrJ,  274. 
Clingcr,  Dr.  I'uter  S., '277. 
CoJu|,ton,  Di-.  William,  230. 
Craig,  Dr.  Ale.-s.iuiler,  2j2. 
Charles,  Dr.  J.icoli,  283. 
Cuttrell,  Dr.  Juaepli  F,  289. 
Cox,  Dr.  Tliomas  B.,  2S0. 
Clark,  Dr.  U.  J.,  204. 
Chaiconl  furnaces,  301. 
Coleman,  Uubert,  'Mi. 
Canals,  314. 

Couewagii,  .314. 

Susquehanna, 315. 

Susquehanna  and  Tide  Water,  316. 
Conestoga  Navigation  Companies,  317. 
Cooksun,  Thomas,  302. 
Cope,  Caleh,  3G7. 
Carruthers,  Oeorgo,  404. 
Cochran,  John  J.,  509. 
Caumruu,  Col.  James,  53G. 


■,  53a. 


post-office  a 

™d  postn 

aste 

laxables  in 

814-15, 

550 

Incorpu  ratio 

n,551. 

officers  of,  551. 

churches  in 

552. 

education  u 

,561. 

early  teach  e 

rs,  661. 

Columbia  sc 

ic«l,  56 

public  libraries,  567. 

Old  Uesideuls' Society,  668. 

hanks,  508. 


Caldwell,  Capt.  Jjiinea,  5«9. 
Coclinin,  Richard  E  ,  Jr.,  589. 
('ochrau,  dipt.  Theodore,  589. 
Couk,  David.  043. 
Cas^el,  Henry,  644. 
Caernarvon  township,  687. 

lirst  settlers  of,  687. 

Bangor  Church  in,  08.S. 


pioneer  funerals,  702, 
mills,  taverns,  stores 


,702. 


id-owners  in  1828,  704. 
justices  of  the  peace  in,  704. 
churches  in,  704. 
St  Iiools  and  bcliool-hoiiaea  in,  70£ 
post-offlces  in,  705. 
Clay  Lodge,  I.  0.  0.  F.,  7fl6, 
Colei.iin  towiisliip,  727. 
geography  and  topography,  727. 


,727. 


ids.  72: 


early  taveri 
officers  in, ' 
villages  an( 


Salem  Lodge,  1. 0.  of  G.  T.,  734. 
Colorain  Lodge,  I.  0.  0.  F.,  734. 
Black  Rock  Forge,  734. 
White  Kock  Forge,  73S. 
pioneer  mills,  735. 
military,  735. 
Conestoga  townsbip,  736. 

geographical  and  descriptive,  736. 
residents  of  in  1770,  736. 
pioneer  dwellings  iu,  737. 

early  innkeepers  of,  738. 
officers  of,  739. 
county  ollicers  from,  740. 
freeholders  in  184U,  740. 


Chil.lp,  William,  644, 
dinger.  Dr.  1'.  S.,  747. 
Cohoy  township,  74S.  .,_ 


B,-iiii 


-^t 


Campbell,  Patrick,  75 
jn  family,  779. 
,  lion.  Ahram  ] 

Cr.vig,  David,  767. 


Delaware  India 


Dickey,  Oliver  J  ,  210. 
District  altori,ey«,  21J. 
Dufresne,  Dr.  .Albert,  2- 
Dufrcsne,  Dr.  Samuel,  2 


Dr., 


Dorman,  Dr.  Fiancis,  259. 
Dufflold,  Dr.  William  B,  26 
DultJeld,  Dr.  Samuel,  259. 
Diuge,  Dr.,260. 
Deaver,  Dr.  John,27a. 
Duulap,  Dr.  John  31.,  279. 
Dunlap,  Dr.  John  F.,279. 
Davis,  Dr.  S.  T,  281. 


ehUiehesof,  311. 
Doyle,  David,  404. 
Dale,  Samuel  F.,  526. 
Dunn,  James  T.,  530. 
Diller,  Isaac,  635. 
Dully,  James,  042. 
D.illleM,  Kev.  George,  6iW. 


Water  Company,  673. 
Gas  Company,  673. 


Conestoga  Lodge,  I.  0.  0.  F.,  744. 
Klsliacaquillas  Tribe,  L  0.  R.  M.,  744'. 

Myers' Taiiu.'ii,  744 


iches  in,  794. 


Diumorotow.ialiii.: 

Wiishiuptou  Lodge,  F,  and  A,  M.,  706. 
Good  Teinidiirs'  Lodgo,  7QC, 
Drnriioio  Lod^C  I.  0.  0.  F.,  797. 

Engle,  Ulrich,  7.52. 
Klllutt,  Daniel,  7,52. 
Evans  family,  704. 
Engle,  Henry  M.,  786.               , 

East  Lampeter  township,  800. 
doscriptiun  of,  891. 
early  setllois  in,  ,S91. 
Friends  and  I'alaliiies  in  Itevoluliol 

Conowingo  fui  iiii,;e  in,  7'.i7. 
rolling-mill  in,  7'J7. 

Earl  township,  804. 
pioneer  settlers  in,  804.                     _ 

tliM,,,nghr..r.sin,.v.]l 

Bickle-niill3  ill,  7'.17. 
lion.ing-niillain.-OS. 

organization  of,  805. 

holds  in,  S9S. 

in  llie  rebellion,  7'Ja. 

lands  in  locate.l,  806. 

niilU  in,  ^■.19 

slaves  in,  71iy. 

highwaysin.SOG. 

public  schools  in, 900, 

past  and  pie^unt  of,  70<l, 

ll.nr,,,  W„l'r,.,.s:„j'. 
Dlcl,,„H.„,,J„^, ■,,!.,  11152, 
llei.i„y,S,,u,oil  L.IOG'J. 

E, 
Ewing,  Maj.  Ja.per,  47. 
Elln.aker,  Amos,  ■;29. 
EUerlo,  Dr.  John,  '^ol. 
Elder,  Ilr.  John  A.,  274. 
Eichholli;,  Jaeob,  3o4. 

early  h.x-lists  in,  807. 
in  early  and  l.itcr  wars,  807. 
Indian  inhabitants  of,  S09  (note), 
education  in,  810. 
New  Holland  school-house,  812. 
public  men,  810. 
churches  in,  811,  813. 
justices  of  the  peace,  811. 
newspapers,  814. 
villages  in,  811,614. 
East  Earl  township,  817. 
early  settlers  in,  MS, 

vilbiges  and  hanil.-ts  in,  900. 

Evan.s,  William,  892. 
Eby  family,  907. 
Erb  family,  908. 
Esbenshado,  Jacob,  985. 
Eberly,  Jacob  M.,  UlOO. 
Eveily,  Ulrich,  1010. 
Eby,  Peter.  1052. 
Eby,  George,  1072. 
Erb,  John  B,,  1076. 
Er.alu,1092. 

Eberu.aii. John,  371. 
Evans,  Hubert  A.,  615. 
Edgerly,  C.pt.  KJward,  532. 
i;ii/..a,ethloivn  l.orougli,  IdJ.  — - 
land  litl,.,  in,  lU:-;. 

Sensenig  Hardware  Company  in,  820. 

churches  in,  81.S. 
hchools  in,  818, 
villages  and  liamlets  in,  819. 

P, 

Fur  trade,  10. 

French  and  Indian  war,  28. 

Lancaster  County  men  in,  33. 
Fugitive  slaves  at  Columbia,  74. 

eallj  .selllels  maud  growth  of,  014. 

bolollgh  uffiters,  010. 
«d,uul.in,017. 
churches,  CIS. 

Eden  township,  825. 
industries  of,  825,  827. 
mills  m,  826, 
hotels  in,  826. 

Mount  Eden  Church  in,  626. 
schools  in,  820. 

Frazer,  Capt.  William,  228, 
Franklin,  Walter.    (See   biography   o 

lin,  Thomas  E.) 
Frazer,  Col.  U.ah,  231. 
Franklin,  Thom.ts  Emleu,  234. 
Freeman,  Dr.  Clarkson,  253, 

post-olti.u  in,  020. 
Fanners'  Uank  In,  020. 
mannf.ictories  and  mills,  021. 

magistrates  in,  829. 
Quariyviliein,827. 
hamlets  in,  827, 

Forman,  Dr.,  200. 

Folz,  Dr.  Jonathan  M,,  279. 

Foreman,  Dr.  Samuel  B.,  292. 

FribiiUship  Fiie-Engine  and  Huso  Compauy, 
622. 

Eli/abelh  l..»llship.  S29. 

Fernsler,  E.  K.,  M.D„295. 
Franiz,  Dr.  F.  F,,  208. 
Furnaces,  charcoal,  301. 

cornet  hand  of,  G23. 

1,      ,      .     ■     ,                 -  ■,iJ, 

Cornwall,  3111. 

Thespian  Society,  021. 
Fidelity  lieneflcial  Society,  623. 
Eli/.ahuthtown  Lodge,  F.  and  A.  M.,  623. 

::;;;;::;;;£:"■'""■""■ 

Elizabeth,  302. 
Martic,  304 
Mount  Hope,  305. 

Eby,  Samuel,  620. 
Ettla.  George  II.,  046. 
Erb,  iliram,  700, 
Eberly,  Henry  S..  707, 
East  Cocalico  township,  709. 

magistlutes  in,  ,130, 
mills  and  manufactories,  830, 
public  schools  In,  831. 
churches  in,  831. 
cemeteries  in,  832. 

Colebrook,  305, 
Conawingo.  305. 
Mount  Eden,  30.5.     • 
Mount  Vernon,  305. 
Furnaces,  anthracite,  306. 

geography  and  toljograpliy,  709. 
soil  of,  710. 
higliwayBin,710, 

villages  and  hamlet*.  832. 
Epliiaui  township,  S33, 
ploiieersetUeisin,  833. 

Safe  Harbor.  3<i0. 
.      Shawnee.  306, 
CliiUi8,306. 

derivation  of  name,  710. 
early  setlUrs,  710. 

statistics  of,  833. 
roads  in,  833. 
taxahles  in  1780,  836. 

Conestoga,  306. 
Uougl,  and  Heady,  300. 
Donegal,  307. 

chuiclieam,  712 

oath  of  allegiance,  835. 

Maiietta,3o7. 

public  schools  of,  714. 

magistrates  in,  830. 

St.  Charles,  307. 

population  of,  714. 

villages  and  hamlets,  714. 

Cocalico  Lodge,  I.  0,  0.  I',,  at  lieauistown, 

villagesandhamletaiii,  830,  843. 
society  of  Seventh-Day  Baptists  at,  838. 
Monument  Association,  843. 

Henry  Clay,  307. 
Vosla,,307. 
Forges  and  bloomcries,  308. 

717. 

churches  in,  843. 

Windsor,  308. 

mills,  717. 
distilleries,  717. 
East  Donegal  township,  757. 

schools  in,  810. 
physicians  of,  840 
National  Bank,  840. 

Speedwell,  308. 
Pool,  308. 
Colclnanville,  308. 

solllemeut  of,  757. 

Cocalico  Lodge,  K.  of  P.,  846. 

Old  Martic,  308. 

pionoer  settlers  in,  759. 
InxaWes  1782,  759. 

Northern  Mutual  Insurance  Company,  840. 
East  Hempneld  township,  806. 

White,  309. 

prominent  early  residents,  766. 

early  soltlers  in,  807. 

Black  Rock,  309. 

land  I.Iles  in,  7711, 

lasablesin  1758,870. 

Sadsbury,3li9. 

oath  of  allegiuiicc,  list  of  those  lalieii,  771. 
I'lesl.ylerian  rhnirh  in,  773. 
other.  huraie=  111,7,1.1. 

taverns  in,  871. 
mills  ill,  ,871. 

Frey,  Jacob  L.,  358. 

Franklin  and  Marshall  College,  histo 

Fetter,  W.W.,  683. 

mill,iiii,777. 

lire-sand,  871. 

Fehl,  Andrew,  740. 

taverns  m,  777. 

churches,  872,  S7:i,  874. 

Feiguson,  John,  728. 

schools  in,  770. 

Landisville,  872. 

Fry,  Martin  S,,  848. 

public  improvements,  778.  ' 

other  villages  and  hamlets,  873. 

Fulton,  William,  849. 

villages  in,  77S. 
early  settlers  in,  782. 

land-owners  in  1814,  872,  874. 
Engles,  Joseph,  971. 

Fulton,  liobert,  851,  801. 
Fndy,S..m  Matt,  882. 

Gulbruith.  Juhu,  10. 
Gitsori,  Cul.  JdIhi,  19. 
Gil.son.  Col.  Georgia,  19. 


,  Ci.I    Barlmm,  52,  62,  749, 


Robert  M,,  M.D.,  ifiO. 
,  Ilr.  George,  233. 


Glacksri,  Dr.  .Micliiiel,  'J 
Gstohell,  Dr.  J.  C,  291. 
Giirber,  I1r.  A.  11.,  29i. 
Grubb,  Cilrli.^,  3ul. 
Graff,  Subastiuii,JC2. 


Rpv.  K,i 


iiatoii,  Dr.  John 
rsloii,  Ur.  Willi 
ivnrd,  Dr.  John, 


Dr.  George,  263. 
.,  Dr.  Heuiy,  i53. 
inklin,  M.D.,278. 
.  George  J.,  279. 


Dr.  M. 


Herr,  Dr.  Boujumin,  2 
llei-Bbey,  Dr.  E.  B.,29 
Ilarker,  Isaac  D.,  29.J. 
HomiL-opiithy,  297. 
Hamilton,  Dr.,  297. 
Ililobeuer,  Dr.  0.  T.,  5 


Ham 


riaii 


Harry,  Dr.  F.  M.,  298. 
Hai  ria  DeiituI  .\83oi;iat 
HibSlan.l,  I'eler  W.,  l),! 
HuLley,  llidiael  and  I 


IIu 
Hubley, 


,  Ada 


1,  303. 
,  30  i. 


>«ell,  Charles  Millei 
jiiiitsb,  Carl  n.,  371, 
•Hiilali,  Chailos  A.,  ! 


,044. 


,045. 


Houston^ 
Hu:^9,  Jo 
lloffiliai,.  George,  60O. 
Ilildebraod,  .I.icob,  0G3 
Herchelrotli  family,  7U 
Hollsebold'ir  and  Stobt 
Helshberger,  Jarob,  71 
Harrar,  Daniel,  728. 


,  Ca»i 


.740. 


naiilemaii,  Jacob,  750. 
Haldelilan.  Jobii  B.,  7.-.7 
Hugbus,  Uarnabas,  7Ht>. 
IliliBbman  family,  834. 
llambleton,  Neal,  800. 


Hoar  famjly, 
llerr.  Daniel, 


In.lmu 


Invin,  Dr.  Willlaui  B.,291. 
lljns,  Dr.  K.linund  D.,  292. 
Iron  manufactnre,  301. 
Iron  Ure  Company,  Chestnut  Hill, 
Intel  nal  improvements,  3n9. 


Kanff 

nan,  Andr 

i,wJ.,  243. 

Kub. 

,  Dr.  Adi.ir 

S  ,  247, 

Knhi 

,Di-.  John 

248. 

Kuhi 

,Dr.  Adaii 

,248,364. 

Knbl 

,  Dr.  Frede 

nek,  248. 

Kins 

Dr.  Vince 

It,  253. 

Kieg. 
Kerlo 

J.!'oe!!ge 

B ,  M.D.,  272. 

Kane 

,gy.  Dr.  S. 

muel,  274.    • 

Kav, 

Dr.  Thoma 

»  W.,  290. 

Ken. 

g,  Dr,  Bel 

amin  E.,  291 

Kline 

,  Dr.J.  Y., 

292. 

Kre.' 

Kissi 

er.Di.J  S 
.g^-r,  A.  H 

'bI,D„294. 

Klin 
Kohl 

,  i:.  I!  ,  295 

M.D  ,  297. 

Keei 

IM.Kev.  B 

rnard,4C2. 

Loniy,  DiiniBl,  1«. 

LaniiistiTrily: 

Lo,..-er,Jac,.l.,  103. 

L,iiica«ter  Coujity,  oiectiori  of,  -4. 

w.a,M-w.,i  k»,  370. 

Lancasl.uC.iiMl.v  A.i..l.nly ,  400, 

bouiiaiine»or,  219. 

fl.o  i.i'..|..:lion.3»l. 

I.em..n,  1'.  l.i .  imo. 

extent  of,  24. 

liiec..n.i.!,iiios,382. 

LenH.n,J..lii.,llni-., 

originnl  towiinlilpa  in,  23 

li.e.li.pa.tment,  paid,  311 '. 

< 

l,.-i,c...l-  l,.«i.M.|., 'J13, 

flrat  offlCBia  in,  2i;. 

..■K-,...i/;,li.,i.  ,.f,  nil. 

fl.Bt  rauils  una  LKSes,  iU. 

t..v,.n,8  an.l  hotels,  3'.I4. 

. 

.l..,cr.].li..i.  ..r,  1113. 

ilitliell6Voiulii.ii.3i. 

post-olhce  and  postllKi.tiMS,  4 

11. 

B.'tllclii....t  ..f,  1113. 

early  niei-tinaBuiiJ  pioceerlint'i,  34. 

scln.ols,  public  and  priv..t..,  4 

huid-owiuTs  in  1782,  914. 

couimittee    of    obsorratiuu    iiml    inslii'Cti.m 

in  1883,  915. 

cbos„u,  30. 

ci.nim.jii  school  system  in,  41 

0. 

iMdu31ji..sin,  01.5. 

deputies  to  pruvinci,il  culivelitiun,  37. 
meeting  after  battle  of  Lexlngtuu,  37. 

Yeates'  Institute  of,  4!3. 

th..n.iiKlirare3in,91G. 

libr.iTi.-s,  427. 

villiigea  in.  UK;. 

aaaoclators  organized,  3S. 

I'ol.^iu.c  S,.ciL.ty,  433. 

fcli.i..ls  111. '.IIS. 

amnuinition  contribiiteil,  38. 

Hist..iir.,l,  .\giicnUurul,and 

Mechanics'  So- 

chuicl„-sin,  919. 

two  conipauiea  rai«J,  3'J. 

ciety,  433. 

m.lilaiy  reconl  ol,  922. 

men  in  e.xpejiii.iii  to  Omada,  41. 

I,ycenu,,43i. 

officers  ol,'J23. 

troops  in  battle  .,f  Long  IslanJ,  46. 

Alhenuium,  433. 

Liglilner  family,  9-26. 

troopi  in  battalions  of  De  H,ias,St.  Cl.ilr,anJ 

llu'atrcs,  434. 

Lyne  family,  920. 

Sliee,  48. 

Mechanics'  S.iciety,  435. 

Little  Britain  township,  936. 

troopsin  Third  Battalion,  50. 

Mu<cuin,  430. 

Peach  liott.,.u  in,  930 

meeliiig  at,  for  election  of  generals,  5iJ. 

Lium.iin  Society,  430. 

pioneer  settlers  in,  936. 

tronps  in  various  battalions,  53. 

T.lc.|M,.n  Club,  437 

land  warrants  and  tracts  in,  930. 

company  in  Gernian  regimonl,  .its. 

churches,  438. 

men  in  Tc^ntli  Kegiment,  5ii,  li7. 

Il.,niu  r.,r  Friendless  ChilJrc 

1,  487. 

tiiXiibles  1709,  943. 

men  in  battles  of  lirandyivino   an]  German- 

Youi.g  .Men's  Ch,i,tn,n  .\sso 

intion,  488. 

non-assuciatorsium7,943. 

town,  68. 

secet  societies,  488. 

villng.^s  an.l  homlels,  944. 

h08piulsin,58. 

Ma-nnercbor,4U7. 

post-ollices  In.  '345. 

sessions  of  Connell  in,  5S. 

press,  4il7. 

schools  in,  94.-.. 

session  of  Congress  in,  .58. 

banks,  511. 

churclie.  in,'J45. 

prisoners  of  war  u>,  5'J. 

insurance  companies,  517. 

mining  in, 'J40. 

political  prisonoi.-.  at.  Go, 

g.,s  companies,  .M8. 

n...gistr,.tes,940. 

guards  of  prIsoiKMH  at,  Gl. 

c..tton.uulls,61S. 

La.idi,,  J..hn,904. 

disturbance  ajnong  soMiers  at,  1)4. 

Loc,.n.,.uv,.-Wuil,s,  .•-.I'J, 

Landis,  Jacob  11,904. 

escape  of  prisuiK-rn  Ir.jn.C-.. 

Li....b..n.,  Uco.ge,  970. 

n,i^      ,    .                          '.lures 

520. 

Lytlo,  Epbrai.u,  OHO. 

ninlinoui  soMiuis  in,  b7 

Livi..gsl....,  Is.uic,  1059, 

intbowarof  1811,74. 

E.IK ...■■I   II '    "    ■il.8,5 

1. 

Linvill,Jol.i.,1001. 

faublou'cis,  :.21. 

born  c.inibs.  521. 

M. 

cork-works,  521. 

McCh.y,  1)1    N.il,  2-.2 

in  Mexican  wal,  82. 

marble-works,  521. 

McCorlile,  Dr.  Hugh.  2. 1,  588. 

in  the  war  of  Itebellion,  S.i. 

lumber-  and  planing-mllls,  ^ 

21. 

JIcKlw.iy,  Ur,  J,,2.-,9. 

in  emergency  of  1802,  83. 

furniture,  521. 

Mcl'l.ersoii,  D.-.  Willian.,  203. 

of  ISO-,,  S4. 

machinist,  521. 
cigar-factory,  621. 
jewelry,  521, 

McCa,.,  Ur.  Davi.l  J  ,  283. 
McB.i.le,  Di.  J.  U.,'29l. 
MacC.eary,  Ur,  John  11.,  2!r2. 

I.ahclis,J,-ss,-,2ra. 

potlcries,  6-22. 
ca,riage-fact...ie8,  522.     " 

McAllist.u-,  Dr.  J.  Maris, '2'J7. 
McCalla,  John,  UU  S.,  299. 
McGran...  l!ich:.rd,527. 
McBvoy,  l',.trick,  5-20. 

Liviiit'.t"",  Jol.n  U„241. 

luid  MillereviUo  Street  Railro.id,  .5-25. 

McKissicli,  John,  588. 

Lc.lj,  llr,  .lului,248. 

buil.iiu"  and  l.ian  asjociatio 

.s,  5'25. 

McCou.n. J..mes,727. 

Leaman,  Itev.  Joliu,  M.D.,  273. 

electric  light,  5-25. 

McCiuie,  D.ivi.l,  752. 

Lcanmn,  Ur.  lii..inard,  273. 

Leiuan,  Henry  E.,  622. 

.M.F..,.,,.l.,..,Kev.  Colin,  775. 

Lnlber,  John  W,,  M.D.,  277. 

Locher,l)av,dP.,514. 

M.^li.........  n,.uiing,7'J9. 

Lev.-rgo.Hl    Tlr  S:,n,nM  R  ,  'JSl 
Lliic.weMV,.,,  11,    .1.. ■•..■.■HI. 

L-ickard,  William  Kordney,  50 
I g,  Ilev.  A.  11.,  Ii44. 

'■ 

McN,.bb,  William,  8'Jl. 

Living,!,,!,,  1.,     ri, .■■„,,.  M  ,  JH-,. 

Liiti!,  Abraham,  050. 

Mi.an.l.i,  I.si.ic,  10, 

I.i^litti.r,  11.     l-,.,u    1,,  Jv. 

Lincoln,  Samuel,  C'JG. 

Mille.-,  Cipl.  Ilen.y,  45. 

'■'n','M"^iii..''-u.,  •..i,,ioi. 

Laberf.imily,  7(1.'. 

Luther,  rapt.  n.,l,uul  A,  808. 
Luther,  Diller,  S15. 

Mu..l.uatOolumbi,i,  73. 
Moi.uinelit,  soldiers  and  sailors,  87. 
Me.l.ciiie  and  medical  men,  247. 

i-nrlv  leaiaents  of' 31.1. 

Light,  John,  307. 

Jli.li.  .il  society,  Hi'.-.t,  ■2.''.2. 

Lal'ajetl.-'.s  visit  to,  307,  409. 

Landed,  .lacob  Wisler,  840. 

M.,y,U,,  A,.hur,-2,-,4. 

Moalier.  Geu.  Jorcmiali,  307. 
M,i«lmll,jAmo8lI.,  lU.;. 
MulilfiiOurg,  Kav.  Ui.  V,.  H.  E.,  440. 


Miirlic  towu 


Mussor,  Dr.  J.  Ili-nry,  2G2. 
Medical  S*(.-iety,  Luncustei 


:ity  , 


Meilicjil  Society,  Slate,  265. 
Membera  of  nieJiciil  societies,  206,  207. 
Mclliiiger,  Iloiiry  S.,  M.D.,  278. 
Mbllitiger,  David,  278. 
SUaaer«iiiilli,  Dr.  Jolui  S.,  279. 
Mayer,  Di'.  Isaac,  284. 
Mowery,  Dr.  Jacob  L.,  239. 
Marl<le,  Dr.  C.  F..  292. 


Melzga 


.  Daniel,  293. 
,  Sauiuel  H.,  29S. 


itory  , 


ill  Lancaster  County,  19,  :137. 

Itolirerstown  District,  337. 

Stniaburg  District,  338. 

Hammer  Creeli  District,  338. 

Brubalter  District,  330. 

Weavcrlan.l  District,  340. 

Uoot  District,  340. 
Menuonites,  Kelbrmed,  343. 
Mayer,  Ocurge  L  ,  .106. 
Mayer,  Chi  Ul.jplicr  B,  :|06. 
Mayer,  Col.  Geor-e,  300. 
•Mount  .loy  borough,  597. 

Kohrer=towii  a  part  of,  598. 

Richland  a  Tlart  of.  599. 


public  scliools  of,  602. 
Soldiers'  orphan  school,  C02. 
barihs  in,  004. 


iners  in,  024,  025. 

804  and  1812,  024. 
807  and  1812,  625. 
814,  02U. 


schools,  630. 

early  and  later  teachers  iu,  ( 

academy,  631. 

female  seminary,  631. 

public  schools,  631. 


Mowry,  Dr.  Jacob  L.,  747. 
Jlitchell  family,  704 
Mu«iT,  Henry  S,  78..'. 
M,ii>h,  William,  Sol. 


niclifslii,  974. 

inelei  ic-a  in,  975. 

wciu-ko  Lodge,  r.  0.  0.  F.,  975. 

iiiy  Lodge,  K.of  P.,  970. 

irlic  forge,  970 

igon  Axe  Factory,  977. 


,  977. 


indu 


,978. 


,  978. 


Mount  Joy  township,  787. 
Indians  in,  987. 
legend  of  baltle  iu,  987. 
of  cave  and  hermit,  9> 
settlements  in,  989. 
early  settlers,  989. 
taxables  in  1770,  991. 


villages  and  hamlets  In,  9'. 
Mooilioads,  930. 
Mellingei,  William  G,  1011 


McCre.iiy  lainily  068. 
UcGoveni.  John  11,98 
MeFalls,  ll.-iuy,  1017. 
McCamaiit,  I^aac  S.,  1(1 
.Marietta  and  Subiiuehi 


giis-works,  605. 
Friendaliip  Fire  Company  in, 
Casiphia  Lodge,  F.  and  A..  M., 
Mount  Joy  Lodge,  I.  0.  0.  F. 
Cave  Lodge,  K.  of  I'.,  6J6. 
Olaogo  Tribe,  I.  0.  R  ,M.,  006, 


land-lilb 
Incorpori 


North,  Hugh  M.,  241. 

Neff,  Dr.  John  U,,  247. 

Neff,  Dr.  A'braham,  248. 

Nell,  Dr.  Chrislian,  248. 

Nissen,  Dr.  J.  F.,  252. 

Nonia,  Dr.  U    E.,  287. 

Kowpher,  Dr.  John  J.,  291. 

Nevin,  John  W.,  D.D.,  LL.D.,  423. 

Ni-.sley  family,  700. 

Nolde,  John  S.,718. 

Niel,  Lieut.  Thomas,  794. 

Neir,  Dr.  Hans  Henry,  905. 

Neff.  Francis,  900. 

Nissleya,  990. 

Nisaley,  Martin,  1020. 

Noble,  William,  1032. 


population  of,  613. 


Myer  11, 
Miuiiich 


h 


erected,  211. 


INDEX. 


Bretlircn,  343. 
lit,  Ulricli,  3G3. 
irl,  CliriBtuplier,  3( 

irt,  A.liini,-J71. 


rnttiTSOi),  David  Watson,  236. 
Perkins,  Pr.  JuUn  D.,  251. 
Perkins,  Ilr.  Elisha,  251. 
Purcell,  James,  M.D.,  203. 
Power,  Dr.  .James,  263. 
Parke,  Dr.  .\.t\  B.,  287. 
Plank,  Dr.  E.  H.,  289. 
Parry,  El.y,  M.D.,  D.D.S.,  SlIO. 
Population  of  <'ounty,  358. 


of  1 


,  John 


Peacock,  A.  H.,  533. 
Pool,  Joseph,  587. 
Patton,  William,  oOO. 
Patterson,  James  Ague 


,  Col. 


,  793 


Porter,  James,  Sf.u. 
Patterson,  John  I..,  864. 
Peters,  Hon.  Abraham, ! 

■  Paradise  township,  995. 
early  settlers  in,  995. 
Indians  in,  99li. 
thoroughfares  in,  996. 

pullic  schools  in,  997. 


.  Lodge,  I.  0.  0.  F.,  998. 
lice  Company,  998. 


iuarriesin,999. 

19. 

sin, 1000. 


early  settlers  in,  1002. 
villages  and  hamlets  in,  1UU3. 


corponittons  ii 
creamery  in,  I 
'eriuea  townshi] 


n,  UIII7. 
ilets  in,  1009. 


■tieth  ( 


,  Re-sei 


Thirty-first  (Second  Reset 
Thiity-fourthd'-ifth  liosei 
Forly-nrth,  99. 
Fiftieth,  1114. 
Fifty-ninth  (Second  Caval 


Seventy-i 


nth. 


Seventy-ninth,  111. 

Ninety-second  (Ninth  Cavalry),  127. 

Ninety-ninth,  131. 

One  Hundred  and  Seventh,  139. 

One  Hundred  and  Thirteenth  (Twelfth  Cav- 
alry), 139. 

One  Hundred  and  Twenty-second,  140. 

One  Hundred  and  Thirty-fifth,  149. 

One  Hundred  and  Sixty-second  (Seventeenth 
Cavalry),  153. 

One  Hundred  and  Seventy-eighth,  155. 

One  Hundred  and  Seventy-ninth,  169. 

One  Hundred  and  Eighty-second  (Twenty- 


Two  Hundred  and  Fifteentl 

185. 

Independent  Battery  1,185. 

Third  United  States  Colored 

188. 

Forty-seventh  Militia,  191. 

Fifteenth  Emergency,  193. 

other  regiments,  196,  202. 

Roebuck,  P.  J,  MD.,  284. 

Reemsnyder,  B.  J.,  M.D.,28.5. 

Uolun,  llr.  Oliver,  287. 

RiiigwMlt,  Dr.  Martin,  291. 

Roliror,  Dr.  T.  M.,  292. 

i.rge  W.,  M.D.,297. 


Chikis,  307. 

Lancaster,  307. 

Penn  Iron  Company,  307. 

Safe  Harhoi-,  307. 

Shawnee,  307. 

Sus.iuehanna,  307. 
Roads,  early,  309. 

in  different  townships,  311. 
River  navigation,  314. 


Rail 


Pennsyl 


irhlladeliihia,318. 


oliib,  Jiiiiies  L.,  239. 
ir,  Dr.  Jacob,  249. 
in,  Dr.  Morgan,  263. 
Dr.  John,  2.53. 
or,  A.  K.,  M.U.,  276. 
wait,  L.  'I,  M.D.,  280. 
,  Dr.  J.  A.  E.,  281. 
ter.  Dr.  Wasliiiigton,  5 
in,  J.imes,  752. 


11,  1027. 

,  in, 1027. 

3  of  the  peace  in,  1028. 

rs  in  1756,  1028. 

lociators  in  1777, 1028. 

es  in  17S0,  1029. 

1  [irotliers,  1054. 


de.  Lieut.  Archibald,  42. 
■le,  Cupt,  John,  56. 


Smallw.iod,  Dr.,253. 
Stulibs,  Dr.  Joromiiili  B.,  268. 
Smith,  Dr.  Olarkson,  203. 
Snnillwood,  Dr.,  253. 
Smith,  H.  A.,  M.D.,  274. 
Smith,  Dr.  William  H.,  275. 
Suavely,  Dr.  C.  J.,  278. 


m,  Dr.  Henry  B.,  289. 


Schr.iyer.  Ooorgo  W.,  6.17. 
Slioch,  Col.  Siiniuul.  609. 
Stoimlwiil,  first,  in  Sna.iue 


iiuwtfi-rull  uf 

umgiatrates  in 

Gup,  l.istury  ,. 

chnrclies  in,  U 

KuiglilBuf  !■> 

Wriglit,  Jumes,  ^S, 


railr 


,  037. 


a,  CiS. 


education  i 

academy,  G53. 

liifh  school,  068. 

cliurelies,  658. 

pulilic  liall,  039. 

cemctei'ii'a,  639. 

prominent  citizcna,  659. 

Bubsetiuent  officei-8,  601. 
Scluiader,  Jacob,  675. 
StaufftT,  Henry,  0S7. 


Stye 


,094. 


709. 


Steinmetz,  G 
Shirk  family,  719. 
Swisher  family,  728. 
Smith,  Capt.  SamnH.  751. 
Sti'plieDSon  family,  762. 
Steel,  Geu.  John,  793. 
Styer,  John,  817. 
Sener,  William  Zahm,  847, 

Swift,  John  W.,  !j-)5. 
Sme.lloy,  Emmor,  804. 
Stoneman,  Christian,  808. 

Sunimy,  Huns  Peter,  809. 
Scotts,  877. 
Strickler,  Jacob,  878. 
Smith,  Janies,  8111. 
Steer,  Josi'ph,  891. 
SoMenrich,  Andreas,  S92. 


ly  settlers  in,  Kuii. 
cables  in,  17«l,  loo:! 
lagesaiid  humlL-lB  i 


Topography  of  Lun 
Turkey  Hill,  12,  H 
Taylor,  Jacob,  l:i 
Taverns,  early,  23. 
Town  clocl 
Th..nipsoM,  Iir.  Ilol 
Thompson,  Dr.  Wil 
icbler.  Dr.  A.  C 


2U5. 


WalBon,  Dr.  David  K.,249. 

Winters,  Dr.  Isaac,  273. 

Wentz,  Dr.  William  J.,  284. 

Wentz,  Dr.  Thomas  II.,  284. 

Wiest,  Samuel  S.,  M.D.,  230. 

Welclians,  Dr.  George  R.,  287. 

Weseman.  Dr.  Geoige  T.,  288. 

Winters,  Dr.  Isaac  SI.,  289. 

Weaver,  Dr.  Jacob  G.,  289. 

Withers,  M.  M.,  M.D.,  2'J.l. 
1    Wilson,  Dr.  Mary  E.,29t. 

Worrall,  Peter,  3i;2. 
I    W^iilelock,  Isaac,  304. 


507. 


Warfel,  Jo 

Wright,  John,  539,  583. 

Wright's  Ferry,  53'J, 

Wriabt,  John  L.,  544. 
Wright,  Susanna,  501,  58^ 
Whislcr,  Michael,  550. 
Welsh,  Thom.is,  538. 
Wiko,  Milton,  697. 
Wickerslmni,  l'r.>fessol  J,  P 


Shreiner,  Hans  .Warn,  971 
ShreiuiT,  Henry,  9S5. 
S.'ner,  John,  llil2. 
Shank,  Michael,  1015. 
Strohm,  Hon.  John,  1022, 


,  1U3I). 
0,  1031. 


.■pi,  si; 


inI75S,  11131. 

in  1775  and  1779, 1031. 

in  1782,  1032. 
Christiana  in,  1U32. 
Christiana  LudKe,  F.  aud  A.  .M  ,  11)33. 
Christiana  Lodge,  I.  0,0.  T.,  1033. 


Thome,  Dr.  Willii 


methods  of,  355. 

Blatislics  of,  330. 
Theological  Seniinury  of 
Tubert,  Hans.  9ii7. 
Taylor,  Joselih,  940. 
Thompson,  Col.  James, 
Trading  Company,  1092 
Tshudy  family,  1090. 


umber,  fishing,  etc.,  065 

ufling.OoO. 

:riat  f,cshets,C36. 


Chi 


,  1034. 


Wuls..!,  family,  7CJ. 

«esl  Doii..if..l  luwTiahip,  7xr.. 

jjIcineiMBitlkMs  in,  7H7. 

ronda  in,  787. 


\-^ 


l.lulilihonlsettleisi,  SSI. 
WiEmiii,  lierijaiiiin,  ,S'J2. 


Wulkci-  falllil.v,  lOoj. 
Walker,  J.  C  ,  lu.V,. 
Walker.  Isiiiic,  11  o7. 
\Val«ick  lowiisliip,  K 


Yeale=,  .lasper.  iM. 
Yost,  Dr.  Juhu  F.,  'IS'J. 
YoMfi,  Oeuigu,  83J. 
YoriJer  family,  925. 


Ziegler,  Hr.  J.  L.,  277. 
ZiPBlt-r,  Dr.  Waller  51.,  277. 
ZiPh'lei,  Dr.  JaniLS  I'.,  277. 
Zell,  Dr.  J.ilin  W.,292. 

Ziet'ler,  Franeii  Ottunmr,  587. 


I  (.  ariiei.ter),  Iloury, 


"^t^B^ 


5823»^ 


5/23/2008 
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